Ray Carles

Ray Carles (雷．查爾斯; Inkiris: Ray Charles, 1930 miheca 9 folad 23 romi’ad-2004 miheca 6 folad 10 romi’ad), tadangangan ci Ray Carles Ropinsen (Inkiris: Ray Charles Robinson), no salo’afangan maradiway, piano no Amilika, patekaay no sararimokay a ongkak. O sarakatay mapacomoday i matirtiray kero a tamdaw[1], “Matirtiray casi” patodong cingraan to “100 satadamaanay romadiway” a saka 2 tamdaw[2]. Sacisowal sa ci Frank Sinatra i cingraan o “Matanengay to ongkak a dengan” saan[3].

 Ka’emangan ’orip (早年生活) 
O wawa no matayalay ci Bailey Robinson aci Aretha williams ci Ray Carles Ropinsen. O mama ci Bailey Robinson o pakaomahan a maomahay, misanga’ay to lalan no kisya, kikay a sayho ato maamaan a tayalan[4]. O ina ningra ci Aretha o pakoyoc a masawawaay ho a fafahiyan, miti’eray to laloma’an ni Bailey a ma’orip; itiraay i Greenville no Florida, mikapot ci Bailey ato fafahi ningra ci Mary Jane Robinson ma’orip.

Itiya o laloma’an ni Ropinsen madipot ci Aretha, saka pakafit hananay to Ropinsen a ngangan. Ikor pakayni i ka’odang ni Bailey ko saka cipoyapoy ni Aretha, itira i 1930 miheca kaciherangan miliyas to Greenville, mikapot to laloma’an i Albany no Georgia, mipatala to kasofocan to wawa. Ikor minokay cingra ato wawa tayra i Greenville, itiya pasowal to niyah pasifana’ to ni’oripan ci Mary Jane ici Thunder Charles. O ma’imeray to pitoor ci Aretha, mapolong mikihatiya to pilihay i kiwkay[5]. Maolah ci Ray Carles Ropinsen tio ina ningra, mihirateng ko kodaitay, pakoniyahay ko ka’orip a kalata’angen, o nianan ko palalanay a dawdaw to rakat no ’orip ningra. Mihekeno ko mama ci Bailey ningra to loma’, miliyas to Greenville, cifafahi to roma fafahiyan[5].

Kafahekaan ni Carles ko kikay i kaemang ho ningra, mararid manengneng ningra ko fiyaw nangra matayal to tosiya ato kangkang a kikay. 3 ho ko miheca ningra masafaloco’ to ko ongkak naitira i kakomaenan to kohi ni Wylie Pitman a mapalowad, tona ira ko piano ni Pitman midatok, halo pasifana’ han ci Carles a minanam to piano[6].  

Hanatayra ko ina aci Carles i Kahengangay kohian, hamhamen to katayra nangra i Kahengangay kohian, ngalef mapadama cangra to kacango’ot itira. Madipot ho ni Pitman ko safa ningra ci George, milowan to rarima no ina nangra. Nika o safa 4 ka mihecaan ni George itira i pifaca’an to riko’ a ma’ap’ap mapatay[7]. Nanoya ko halisafa no kaka ci Carles a mararom tomangic to lasa’ itiya sa mapohaw to ko mata ningra[8], tangasa i 7 ko miheca o caay to pakanengneng a mapohaw[9].

 Onkak a tayal (音樂事業) 
I 1949 miheca 4 folad, ci Carles ato ongkak sakapot ningra mirina’ to radiw “Palisomad langdaway”(Confession Blues), saka sa’ayaway o karadiwan i polong no kitakit, macakat tayra i “Pakafitan kasarayray masararimokay a ongkak” a saka 2 [10]. Talacowa matayal to, misanga’ haca cingra to roma maradiway to raradiwen nangra, halo ni Cole Porter a “Kacahcahan no salo’afang” (Ghost of a Chance) ato ni Dizzy Gillespie a “Aymanon” (Emanon) [11].

I 1959 miheca mihapiw ci Carles to Atlantic likoto a radiw to “Manan ko nisowalan ako?” (What'd I Say), o nian ko katangasa i takaraway no tayal, o kalifotan a radiw konini, palakapot to ratoh, jazz, blues ato Latin a ongkak; ikor sacisowal sa cingra o naitiraay i club a nisanga’an saan. Padoedo i 1960 miheca mihapiw to radiw “I faloco’ay ako a Georgia” (Georgia on My Mind), malanga’ayay a sowalen no kitakit ato pahofien to Grammy a kompay ci Carles itiya[12]. Padoedo to radiw “Pasilala a Jack” (Hit the Road Jack) o roma a saka ci hofi to Grammy a kompay ni Carles, onini a sararimokay blues a romadiway ci Percy Mayfield ko misanga’ay[13].

 Kapatayan (逝世) 
I 2003 miheca, to nikanga’ay pakafit to no pakah a tokad ni Carles, o mamipadoedo miliyok karomadiw na saan i, madadenga to roma a lacaan no tatirengan a mapalasawad aca. 2004 miheca 6 folad 10 romi’ad itira i Beverly Hills, California loma ni Carles a mapatay, patihi ko laloma’an ato widawidang ningra[14][15], o saka patay ningra o nano ’atayan adada[8], ira ko 73 ko mihecaan. Matadem i 2004 miheca 6 folad 18 romi’ad, itira i First AME kiwkay no Los Angeles, mihakitiyaay to pitademan ira ko maradiway tamdaw ci mimingay Richard, B. B. King aci Stevie Wonder[16].

 Ni sanga’an radiw (主要作品-歌曲) 
I Got a Woman (1954)

What'd I Say (1959)

Georgia on My Mind (1960)

Hit the Road Jack (1961)

One Mint Julep (1961)

Unchain My Heart (1961)

I Can't Stop Loving You (1962)

 Ika (電影) 
Swingin' Along (1961)

Ballad in Blue (1964)

The Big T.N.T. Show (1966) (紀錄片)

The Blues Brothers (1980)

Limit Up (1989)

Listen Up: The Lives of Quincy Jones (1990) (紀錄片)

Love Affair (1994)

Spy Hard (1996)

The Extreme Adventures of Super Dave (2000)

Blue's Big Musical Movie (2000)

《雷之心靈傳奇》（2004）

 Papotalay calay (外部連結) 
1.All Music Guide對雷·查爾斯的介紹 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

2.（英文）Inductees. Rock and Roll Hall of Fame & Museum. [2006-11-25]. （原始內容存檔於2006-11-23）.

3.（英文）The Immortals: The First Fifty. Rolling Stone Issue 946. 《滾石雜誌》. [2007-08-09]. （原始內容存檔於2011-08-19）.

4.（英文）Alex Regnery. 'Ray Charles' scheduled to 'Hit the Road,' come to Austin. The Daily Texan. 2006年 [2006-11-25].[永久失效連結]

5.Ray Charles Biography. SwingMusic.Net. [February 14, 2008]. （原始內容存檔於2013-06-26）.

6.Lydon, Michael, Ray Charles: Man and Music, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-97043-3, Routledge Publishing, January 22, 2004.

7.Charles, Ray; Ritz, David. Brother Ray. Spring Street, New York: Da Capo Press. 1992. ISBN 0-306-80482-4.

8.Charles, Ray. Ritz, David (1992) , 編. Brother Ray. New York：Da Capo Press. ISBN ISBN 0-306-80482-4 請檢查|isbn=值 (幫助).

9.Ray Charles, American Legend, Dies at 73. NPR. June 11, 2004 [September 25, 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2021-04-10）.

10.Bohème Magazine （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） Obituary: Ray Charles (1930 – 2004).

11.Lydon, Michael. Ray Charles: Man and Music. New York: Riverhead Books. 1998. ISBN 1-57322-132-5.

12.Winski, Norman. Ray Chalres: Singer and Muscian. Los Angeles, California: Melrose Square Publishing. 1994: 102–107 [28 September 2014]. ISBN 0-87067-790-X.

13.The RS 500 Greatest Songs of All Time: 44) Georgia on My Mind （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Rolling Stone. Retrieved August 14, 2008.

14.Hit The Road Jack by Ray Charles （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Songfacts. Retrieved August 14, 2008.

15.D'angelo, Joe. Ray Charles Dead at 73. mtv.com. [January 1, 2012]. （原始內容存檔於2013-10-12）.

16.Evans, Mike. Ray Charles: The Birth of Soul. [January 1, 2012]. （原始內容存檔於2017-02-23）.

17.Many Pay Respects to Ray Charles. CBS News. June 10, 2004 [November 25, 2006]. （原始內容存檔於2013-08-29）.

18.MusicBrainz對雷·查爾斯的介紹