ⵎⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⵚⵚⵖⵉⵔ

ⵎⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⵚⵚⵖⵉⵕ (ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 1980) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⴹⵚⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵖⵏⵏⵊ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ, ⵉⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴱⴰⵔⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ. ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴼⴽⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⴹⵚⴰⵢ, ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ, ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴳ, ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴼⵕⵕⵉⵊⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⴹⵚⴰⵢⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵎⵓⵔⵙⵏⵉⵏ.ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵉⵙⴱⵓⴽ ⵖⴼ ⵎⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⵚⵚⵖⵉⵕ, ⵙⴱⵔⵉⵏⴳ ⵜⴼ, 04 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2024, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 10 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025.

 ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵣⵓⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ 
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵎⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⵚⵚⵖⵉⵔ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1980 ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵙⵄⵓⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵎⵉⵎ, ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵍⵜ (ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵏⵉⵜ). ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴽⵓⵛⵜ, ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1994 ⵉⵎⵎⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⴷⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ, ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴳⵏⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵖⵉⵡⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵍⵙⴰ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵜⵓⴷⵊⴰ ⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⴼⴽⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.ⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰⵔⵜ, ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵎⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⵚⵚⵖⵉⵕ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵉⵙⴱⵓⴽ, 24 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 2024, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 10 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025.

 ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏⵜ 
ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵚⵚⵖⵉⵕ ⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ "ⵉⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏ" ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴰⵢⴱ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵃⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰⵔ. ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1998, ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ "ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ" ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⴰⵡⵣⴰⴷ. ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴷⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1999 ⵙ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ "ⴰⵖⵥⵏ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍ", ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵡⵍⴼⵏ ⵉ ⵜⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ. ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ "ⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⵜⵔⵉⵜ ⴰ ⴱⴰⵇⵛⵉⵛ", ⴷ "ⴰⵏⴱⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵕⴱⴱⵉ".

 ⵜⵉⴼⵔⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⵢⴰ 
ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2001, ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⴽⵏⴰⵙ ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵖⵉⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⴱⴱⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ "ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⴱⴱⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⵚⵚⵖⵉⵕ", ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵙⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔⵙ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ.

ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2002 ⴰⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ "ⵉⵏⴳⵍⵓⵙⵏ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ" ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵍⵄⵙⵍⵉ, ⴷ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ "ⵍⵀⵎⵎ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ/ⴰⵏⵣⴳⵓⵎ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ" ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⴰⵡⵣⴰⴷ.

 ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ 
ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2005, ⵉⵣⴷⵖ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ, ⵜⵉⴼⵔⴽⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵙⵏⵜ. ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⵓⵙⵙⴰⵢⵃ ⴳ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ  ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖⵏ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵃⵎⴰⴷ ⴱⴰⴷⴷⵓⵊ ⴷ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵍⵎⴰⵣⵖⵉ.

ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵉⵙⴷⵉⴽⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⴼⴽⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴹⵚⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⴹⵚⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵙⵎⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵊⵊⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵔⵓ ⴳ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵏ .ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵎⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⵚⵚⵖⵉⵔ ⴳ ⴳⵓⴳⵍ, ⴱⵍⵓⴳⵕ.ⴽⵓⵎ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 10 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025.

 ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴳⵎⴰⵏⵏ 
ⵓⵔ ⵜⴱⴷⴷ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵚⵚⵖⵉⵔ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵣⵔⵉ ⵏⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵙⴳⵎⴰⵏ. ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⴹⴹⴰⵎ "ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵙⴳⵎⴰⵏ", ⴷ ⵙⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⴹⵚⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴼⵕⵕⵊⵏ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ.

 ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ 

 ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ 

 ⵉⵏⴳⵍⵓⵙⵏ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ (2002).
 ⵍⵀⵎⵎ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ/ⴰⵏⵣⴳⵓⵎ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ (2002).
 ⵜⴰⵍⵍⵓⵃⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵡⴰⵍⵉⴷⵉⵏ/ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ. 
 ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵡⴰⵣⵉⵔ/ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ. 
 ⵍⵄⴼⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ/ⵜⴰⴽⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⴷⵓⵣ. 
 ⵜⵉⵔⵔⵓⴳⵣⴰ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ.
 ⵃⵎⴰⴷ ⵍⵇⵕⵕⴰⵏ. 
 ⵥⵕⴰⵢⴼⴰ.
 ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵙⵏⴰ/ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ. 
 ⵍⵄⴱⴰⵕ ⵢⵓⴼⴰⵏ
 ⵓⵎⴰⵊⵓⵊ ⵉⴱⵉⵇⵇⵙ
 ⵜⵓⵔⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵀⵏⴰ
 ⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⵉⵍⵉ

 ⴽⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵜⵍⴼⴰⵣⵉⵢⵉⵏ 

 ⵉⵎⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ
 ⴱⴰⴱⴰ ⵄⵍⵉ

 ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵓⵎⵉⴷⵉⵢⵉⵏ 

 ⴰⵖⵥⵏ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍ
 ⵄⵓⵟⵉⵍ ⵍⵎⵓⵔⵓ 
 ⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⵜⵔⵉⵜ ⴰ ⴱⴰⵇⵇⵛⵉⵛ
 ⴰⵏⴱⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵕⴱⴱⵉ
 ⵡⴰⵛⵛ ⴰⵃⴱⴱⵓⴹ
 ⵓⵔ ⵜⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ
 ⵎⴰⵏⵡⴰ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵖⵔⵙ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⴰⴹ

 ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ 

 ⵎⴱⴰⵕⴽ ⵍⵄⵟⵟⴰⵛ
 ⵍⵄⵕⴱⵉ ⵍⵀⴷⴷⴰⵊ
 ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⵓⵙⵙⴰⵢⵃ
 ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ

 ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ