This field refers to a country's amount of carbon dioxide released by burning coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Data are reported in metric tonnes of CO2.

Topic: Afghanistan7.893 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 4.158 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.468 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 267,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Albania3.794 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 235,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.482 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 78,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Algeria151.633 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 352,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 57.867 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 93.414 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: American Samoa355,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 355,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Angola19.362 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 17.673 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 1.689 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Antarctica28,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 28,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Antigua and Barbuda729,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 729,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Argentina193.205 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 2.122 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 94.208 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 96.875 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Armenia6.354 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 12,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.364 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 4.978 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Aruba1.254 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.254 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Australia417.87 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 162.26 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 158.668 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 96.942 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Austria65.54 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 10.508 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 37.336 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 17.695 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Azerbaijan35.389 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 29,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 12.863 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 22.497 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Bahamas, The3.984 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.976 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 7,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Bahrain43.112 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 7.308 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 35.804 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Bangladesh96.18 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 16.538 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 18.535 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 61.107 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Barbados1.703 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.662 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 41,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Belarus54.695 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.623 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 16.856 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 36.217 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Belgium128.247 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 10.301 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 83.474 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 34.472 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Belize541,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 541,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Benin6.903 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 274,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 6.592 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 37,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Bermuda796,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 796,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Bhutan934,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 328,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 606,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Bolivia17.786 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 12.071 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 5.715 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Bosnia and Herzegovina16.209 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 10.923 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 4.871 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 415,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Botswana5.965 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 2.922 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.042 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Brazil456.67 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 63.53 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 328.824 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 64.316 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: British Virgin Islands173,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 173,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Brunei9.956 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2.387 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 7.569 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Bulgaria38.373 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 20.483 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 12.248 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 5.642 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Burkina Faso4.444 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 4.444 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Burma31.848 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 3.881 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 20.832 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 7.134 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Burundi715,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 715,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Cabo Verde1.002 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.002 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Cambodia13.844 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 4.837 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 9.007 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Cameroon7.105 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 5.171 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 1.935 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Canada612.084 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 56.087 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 311.336 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 244.66 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Cayman Islands808,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 808,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Central African Republic285,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 285,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Chad1.771 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.771 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Chile88.333 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 24.217 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 51.228 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 12.888 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: China10,773,248,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 8,652,419,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1,520,552,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 600.276 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Colombia81.007 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 12.666 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 47.679 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 20.662 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Comoros326,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 326,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Congo, Democratic Republic of the2.653 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 44,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2.608 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 1,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Congo, Republic of the4.523 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.777 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 2.747 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Cook Islands114,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 114,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Costa Rica8.115 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 8.114 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Cote d'Ivoire11.88 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 7.332 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 4.548 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Croatia16.752 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.674 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 9.4 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 5.678 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Cuba16.478 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 28,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 14.636 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 1.814 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Cyprus8.024 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 8.024 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Czechia99.533 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 57.268 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 25.526 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 16.739 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Denmark33.85 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 3.455 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 24.621 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 5.775 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Djibouti610,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 610,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Dominica182,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 182,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Dominican Republic26.808 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 4.713 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 18.951 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 3.144 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Ecuador36.051 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 45,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 35.329 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 677,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Egypt235.137 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 8.728 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 112.281 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 114.128 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: El Salvador7.632 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 2,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 7.63 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Equatorial Guinea4.528 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2.409 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 2.119 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Eritrea798,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 798,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Estonia4.924 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 44,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.979 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 901,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Eswatini1.224 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 350,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 875,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Ethiopia16.798 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.474 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 15.324 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: European Union3.475 billion metric tonnes of CO2 (2015 est.)

Topic: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)46,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 46,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Faroe Islands870,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 870,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Fiji1.691 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.691 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Finland41.996 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 9.377 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 27.737 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 4.882 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: France338.425 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 26.971 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 225.865 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 85.589 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: French Polynesia1.03 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.03 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Gabon2.651 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2.025 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 626,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Gambia, The606,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 606,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Gaza Strip3.341 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) Data represented includes both the Gaza Strip and West Bank

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) Data includes both the Gaza Strip and West Bank

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.341 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) Data includes both the Gaza Strip and West Bank

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) Data includes both the Gaza Strip and West Bank

Topic: Georgia10.299 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.063 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 4.245 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 4.992 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Germany726.881 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 218.636 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 316.064 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 192.181 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Ghana18.093 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 160,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 13.569 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 4.364 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Gibraltar14.256 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 14.146 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 111,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Greece70.163 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 13.404 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 46.401 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 10.358 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Greenland605,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 605,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Grenada316,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 316,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Guam1.828 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.828 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Guatemala19.041 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 5.037 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 14.004 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Guinea2.981 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2.981 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Guinea-Bissau342,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 342,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Guyana2.743 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2.743 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Haiti3.139 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.137 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 2,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Honduras8.523 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 61,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 8.462 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Hong Kong92.493 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 23.557 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 62.451 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 6.484 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Hungary48.589 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 7.501 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 21.568 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 19.52 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Iceland3.337 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 459,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2.879 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: India2,314,738,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1,574,331,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 615.903 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 124.505 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Indonesia563.543 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 267.326 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 209.279 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 86.938 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Iran646.038 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 5.142 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 204.21 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 436.687 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Iraq143.479 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 108.14 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 35.339 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Ireland35.475 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.43 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 23.08 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 10.965 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Israel61.092 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 13.653 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 29.416 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 18.023 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Italy332.041 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 27.194 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 162.472 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 142.375 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Jamaica10.002 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 177,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 9.276 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 549,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Japan1,103,234,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 439.243 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 444.271 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 219.72 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Jersey450,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2012 est.)

Topic: Jordan23.47 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 381,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 15.786 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 7.303 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Kazakhstan263.689 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 195.926 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 39.205 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 28.557 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Kenya17.709 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.25 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 16.459 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Kiribati76,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 76,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Korea, North18.465 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 15.252 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.213 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Korea, South686.954 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 319.383 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 255.518 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 112.052 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Kosovo8.009 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 6.1 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.909 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Kuwait92.582 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 578,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 44.288 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 47.715 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Kyrgyzstan7.88 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 2.967 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 4.505 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 408,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Laos40.726 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 37.871 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2.855 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Latvia8.45 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 149,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 5.693 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 2.608 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Lebanon25.838 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 563,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 25.275 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Lesotho736,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 736,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Liberia1.346 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.346 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Libya38.297 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 30.018 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 8.279 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Lithuania14.503 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 693,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 9.488 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 4.322 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Luxembourg11.308 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 149,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 9.564 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 1.594 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Macau2.012 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.744 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 268,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Madagascar4.218 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.044 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.175 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Malawi1.542 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 203,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.339 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Malaysia254.764 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 81.726 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 94.934 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 78.104 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Maldives2.286 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2.286 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Mali5.679 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 5.679 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Malta9.576 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 8.831 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 745,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Marshall Islands293,700 metric tonnes of CO2 (2017 est.)

Topic: Mauritania4.041 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 4.041 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Mauritius7.191 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.595 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 5.596 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Mexico463.739 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 43.24 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 260.311 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 160.188 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Micronesia, Federated States of177,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 177,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Moldova8.114 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 374,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2.968 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 4.773 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Mongolia22.74 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 17.445 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 5.295 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Montenegro2.447 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.333 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.114 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Montserrat33,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 33,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Morocco60.2 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 20.267 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 37.834 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 2.099 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Mozambique7.753 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 109,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 4.743 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 2.901 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Namibia3.831 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 66,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.764 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Nauru66,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 66,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Nepal7.708 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.051 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 6.657 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Netherlands214.416 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 23.15 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 116.24 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 75.027 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: New Caledonia5.886 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 2.879 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.007 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: New Zealand40.344 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 5.139 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 25.76 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 9.445 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Nicaragua4.851 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 4.851 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Niger2.374 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 499,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.875 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Nigeria104.494 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 231,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 67.406 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 36.856 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Niue8,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 8,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: North Macedonia7.383 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 3.866 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.094 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 423,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Northern Mariana Islands0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Norway36.731 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 3.182 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 25.256 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 8.294 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Oman76.321 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 191,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 29.682 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 46.447 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Pakistan193.869 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 47.468 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 67.789 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 78.611 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Panama25.263 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.905 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 22.281 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 1.077 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Papua New Guinea6.491 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 5.965 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 526,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Paraguay7.896 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 3,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 7.893 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Peru54.996 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.171 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 35.119 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 18.706 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Philippines142.282 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 70.82 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 64.418 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 7.044 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Poland304.04 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 176.938 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 89.944 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 37.158 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Portugal50.37 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 4.882 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 33.429 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 12.059 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Puerto Rico18.999 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 3.774 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 11.407 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 3.818 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Qatar111.922 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 33.44 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 78.482 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Romania68.746 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 20.891 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 27.268 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 20.588 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Russia1,848,070,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 456.033 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 470.289 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 921.748 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Rwanda1.189 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.189 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha13,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 13,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Saint Kitts and Nevis268,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 268,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Saint Lucia659,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 659,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Saint Pierre and Miquelon84,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 84,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines202,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 202,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Samoa355,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 355,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Sao Tome and Principe173,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 173,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Saudi Arabia579.925 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 300,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 358.414 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 221.211 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Senegal10.696 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.955 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 8.64 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 101,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Serbia47.735 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 32.686 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 10.17 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 4.878 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Seychelles1.156 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.156 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Sierra Leone899,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 899,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Singapore238.983 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.588 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 211.115 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 26.28 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Slovakia32.506 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 11.521 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 11.747 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 9.238 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Slovenia13.553 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 4.08 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 7.967 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 1.506 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Solomon Islands333,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 333,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Somalia882,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 882,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: South Africa470.358 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 387.835 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 73.163 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 9.361 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: South Sudan1.778 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.778 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Spain280.624 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 16.743 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 191.299 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 72.582 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Sri Lanka23.939 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 5.546 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 18.393 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Sudan17.319 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 17.319 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Suriname2.372 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2.361 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 11,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Sweden48.144 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 7.38 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 38.406 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 2.359 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Switzerland38.739 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 319,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 31.494 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 6.926 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Syria26.893 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 46,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 19.92 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 6.927 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Taiwan279.206 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 141.445 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 92.207 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 45.554 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Tajikistan7.643 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 4.362 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2.971 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 309,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Tanzania11.491 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1.32 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 7.466 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 2.705 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Thailand305.273 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 58.78 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 146.172 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 100.321 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Timor-Leste538,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 538,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Togo2.244 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 706,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.451 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 87,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Tonga171,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 171,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Trinidad and Tobago39.652 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 10,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 4.631 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 35.011 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Tunisia23.692 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 16,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 12.982 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 10.694 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Turkey (Turkiye)391.792 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 172.298 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 133.587 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 85.907 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Turkmenistan109.037 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 19.977 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 89.06 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Turks and Caicos Islands245,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 245,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Tuvalu0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Uganda5.841 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 5.841 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Ukraine185.686 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 105.929 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 30.365 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 49.392 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: United Arab Emirates276.236 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 5.032 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 126.524 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 144.681 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: United Kingdom398.084 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 23.5 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 216.237 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 158.346 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: United States5,144,361,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 1,077,520,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2,382,833,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 1,684,008,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Uruguay6.45 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 6.259 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 190,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Uzbekistan102.965 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 7.816 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 11.53 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 83.619 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Vanuatu225,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 225,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Venezuela103.708 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 108,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 57.378 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 46.222 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Vietnam249.929 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 165.775 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 67.775 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 16.379 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Virgin Islands2.438 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 2.438 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Wake Island1.275 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 1.275 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: West Bank3.341 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) Data represented includes both the Gaza Strip and West Bank

From coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) Data includes both the Gaza Strip and West Bank

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.341 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) Data includes both the Gaza Strip and West Bank

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) Data includes both the Gaza Strip and West Bank

Topic: World33.62 billion metric tonnes of CO2 (2013 est.)

Topic: Yemen10.158 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 79,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 9.896 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 183,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Zambia6.798 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 3.186 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.612 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Topic: Zimbabwe7.902 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke: 3.963 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids: 3.94 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

From consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)


A portfolio of photos showing the George Bush Center for Intelligence and its environs (aka CIA headquarters), the home of The World Factbook.To view more photos of the CIA compound, visit CIA Sites to See and Explore CIA Headquarters.

Topic: Headquarters and JetsSpectacular aerial view of the Agency’s Original and New Headquarters Buildings being overflown by two F-16 jets.

Topic: OHB in the SnowThe CIA’s Original Headquarters Building is depicted during a snow storm. The building was designed in the mid-1950s by the New York firm Harrison and Abramovitz. The designers followed the vision of former DCI Allen Dulles, who dreamed of a place where intelligence officers could work in a college campus-like atmosphere. He also wanted this secure and secluded environment to be close to US policymakers. (Langley is 13 km (8 mi) outside of downtown Washington.) OHB’s cornerstone was laid on 3 November 1959. Construction was completed in March 1961. OHB consists of 130,000 sq m (1,400,000 sq ft) of space. OHB and its companion, New Headquarters Building, sit on 104 hectares (258 acres) of land.

Topic: Aerial View of HeadquartersHistoric aerial view of the Agency’s headquarters buildings and the “bubble” auditorium.

Topic: OHB Main StepsThe CIA’s Original Headquarters Building was designed in the mid-1950s by the New York firm Harrison and Abramovitz. The designers followed the vision of former DCI Allen Dulles, who dreamed of a place where intelligence officers could work in a college campus-like atmosphere. He also wanted this secure and secluded environment to be close to US policymakers. (Langley is 13 km (8 mi) outside of downtown Washington.)

Topic: OHB at NightThe CIA’s Original Headquarters Building at night. The building, designed in the mid-1950s by the New York firm Harrison and Abramovitz, followed the vision of former DCI Allen Dulles. Dulles dreamed of a place where intelligence officers could work in a college campus-like atmosphere in a secure and secluded environment close to US policymakers.

Topic: OHB SpringThe CIA’s Original Headquarters Building (OHB) in the spring. A number of magnificent magnolia trees grace the CIA campus.

Topic: The LobbyThe iconic Lobby of the CIA Headquarters Building. The massive seal has been featured in countless movies and publicity photos. On the left is the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) Memorial and the William Donovan statue. The OSS, precursor to the CIA, was set up on 13 June 1942 in the midst of World War II and dissolved a month after the cessation of hostilities on 20 September 1945. William Donovan served as head of OSS and is regarded as the founding father of the CIA. On the right is the Memorial Wall to Agency officers who have died in the line of duty.

Topic: Memorial WallThe Memorial Wall on the north side of the Original Headquarters Building lobby stands as a silent, simple memorial to those CIA officers who have made the ultimate sacrifice. Among the stars, an inscription reads: “In honor of those members of the Central Intelligence Agency who gave their lives in the service of their country.” The Memorial Wall was commissioned by the CIA Fine Arts Commission in May 1973 and sculpted by Harold Vogel in July 1974.There are 139 stars carved into the marble of the CIA Memorial Wall as of 2022. Inclusion on the Memorial Wall is awarded posthumously to employees who lose their lives while serving their country in the field of intelligence. Death may occur in a foreign field or in the United States.The Honor and Merit Awards Board (HMAB) recommends approval of the nomination to the CIA Director if it meets the following selection criteria:

Death must be of an inspirational or heroic character while in the performance of duty; or as the result of an act of terrorism while in the performance of duty; or as an act of premeditated violence targeted against an employee, motivated solely by that employee’s Agency affiliation; or in the performance of duty while serving in areas of hostilities or other exceptionally hazardous conditions where the death is a direct result of such hostilities or hazards.The HMAB reviews the circumstances surrounding the death of an employee and makes its recommendation to the DCIA for final approval. Once approved by the DCIA, the Office of Protocol arranges placement of the star on the Memorial Wall.A stone carver creates a star by first tracing the new star on the wall using a template. Each star measures 2-1/4 inches tall by 2-1/4 inches wide and half an inch deep; all the stars are six inches apart from each other, as are all the rows. The stone carver uses both a pneumatic air hammer and a chisel to carve out the traced pattern. After carving the star, the stone carver cleans the dust and sprays the star black, which as the star ages, fades to gray. The current stone carver is part of a lineage who learned this craft from the Memorial Wall’s original sculptor, Harold Vogel.The new star is officially unveiled at the CIA’s annual Memorial Ceremony.

Topic: The Lobby at ChristmasThe lobby of the Original Headquarters Building decorated for the holidays.

Topic: Liberty MuralThe Statue of Liberty Mural in the Original Headquarters Building. The two-sentence quote can almost be regarded as the Agency’s mission statement: “We are the nation’s first line of defense. We accomplish what others cannot accomplish and go where others cannot go.”

Topic: Nathan Hale StatueA statue of Nathan Hale is located between the Auditorium and the Original Headquarters Building. Hale was the first American executed for spying for his country. This statue is a copy of the original work created in 1914 for Yale University, Nathan Hale’s alma mater. The Agency’s statue was erected on the grounds in 1973, 200 years after his graduation from Yale.There is no known portrait of Nathan Hale; this life-size statue portrays what little written description there is of him. The statue captures the spirit of the moment before his execution – a 21-year-old man prepared to meet his death for honor and country, hands and feet bound, face resolute, and his eyes on the horizon. His last words, “I regret that I have but one life to lose for my country,” circle the base around his feet.He stands vigilant guard on the Agency and is a continuing reminder to its employees of the duties and sacrifices of an intelligence officer.

Topic: Memorial Pond at SunriseThe Memorial Garden is located on a hillside between the Original Headquarters Building and the Auditorium. It is one of several memorials on the CIA compound (including the Office of Strategic Services Memorial and the CIA Memorial Wall). The garden is a memorial to all deceased intelligence officers and contractors who served their country.Where some memorials are set in stone, this remembrance uses the quiet beauty of living nature to honor those who have died in service to their country: Agency officers, OSS members, and contractors. The garden is a blend of natural and landscaped plantings amid stone outcroppings from which a cascade of water continuously falls into a large fishpond, providing a tranquil and reflective place for Agency employees. The words, “In remembrance of those whose unheralded efforts served a grateful nation,” are cast in a brass plaque set in fieldstone to ensure the living will not forget the fallen.

Topic: Memorial Pond KoiThese are some of the koi that live in the pond in the Memorial Garden located on a hillside between the Original Headquarters Building and the Auditorium. It is one of several memorials on the CIA compound (including the Office of Strategic Services Memorial and the CIA Memorial Wall). The garden is a memorial to all deceased intelligence officers and contractors who served their country.

Topic: Heron in the Memorial PondOften outside birds, such as this heron, are drawn to the beauty and solemnity of the Memorial Garden located on a hillside between the Original Headquarters Building and the Auditorium. The garden is a memorial to all deceased intelligence officers and contractors who served their country.

Topic: Auditorium in the FallThe Headquarters Auditorium, called the “Bubble” by Agency employees, got its nickname for its bubble- or igloo-like shape. The auditorium was part of the CIA Headquarters design in the mid-1950s. The Bubble is the largest conference area at the CIA. It measures 650 sq m (7,000 sq ft) of floor space, can accommodate 470 people, and complies with the Americans with Disabilities Act.The auditorium is equipped with the latest in multi-media equipment, including side and rear lighting that accommodates color television cameras and motion picture filming. The Bubble is home to special events, prominent speakers, and large conferences.

Topic: Inside the AuditoriumThe Headquarters Auditorium, called the “Bubble” by Agency employees, got its nickname for its bubble- or igloo-like shape. The auditorium was part of the CIA Headquarters design in the mid-1950s. The Bubble is the largest conference area at the CIA. It measures 650 sq m (7,000 sq ft) of floor space, can accommodate 470 people, and complies with the Americans with Disabilities Act.The auditorium is equipped with the latest in multi-media equipment, including side and rear lighting that accommodates color television cameras and motion picture filming. The large plaster disks on the inside surface of the dome enhance the acoustics of the auditorium. The Bubble is home to special events, prominent speakers, and large conferences.

Topic: Berlin WallIn developing this monument, the CIA Fine Arts Commission decided on five precepts for its placement: prominence, pedestrian orientation, a sense of the wall as an obstacle, an “unromantic presentation,” and a measure of contemplation. The Wall is located near the southwest entrance to the Original Headquarters Building. It was dedicated on 18 December 1992. A bronze plaque near the Wall reads, “These three sections of reinforced concrete were removed from the Berlin Wall near Checkpoint Charlie at Potsdamer Platz in November 1989.”The monument is oriented as it was in Berlin — the west side painted with graffiti and the east side whitewashed. The west side of the Wall is covered with graffiti that reflects the color, hope and optimism of the West itself. In stark contrast, the east side of the wall is plain and devoid of color and life. The Wall is located in the middle of a path so that it must be confronted directly — just as it was for nearly three decades by the citizens of Berlin. On both sides of the Wall is a bench- height wall where employees can sit and view the three segments and contemplate their history.

Topic: New Headquarters Building LobbyThis is a view of the lobby of the New Headquarters Building. By the early 1980s, it was clear that the Agency needed to expand beyond the Original Headquarters Building. By this time, there was a need for an additional building and more parking. Smith, Hinchman, and Grylls Associates presented a design that was functional for the Agency’s needs and would blend in with the existing OHB structure.The final design is two, six-story office towers built into a hillside behind OHB. The New Headquarters Building is linked to the OHB building in a seamless blend of the two structures. The main entrance to NHB is on the fourth floor. Inside the entrance, one is greeted by a huge skylight ceiling and, at the end of the entry corridor, a spectacular view of the OHB.The groundbreaking ceremony for NHB took place on 24 May 1984; the building was completed by March 1991.

Topic: Daffodils at NHBBy the early 1980s, it was clear that the Agency needed to expand beyond the Original Headquarters Building. By this time, there was a need for an additional building and more parking. Smith, Hinchman, and Grylls Associates presented a design that was functional for the Agency’s needs and would blend in with the existing OHB structure.The final design is two, six-story office towers built into a hillside behind OHB. The New Headquarters Building is linked to the OHB building in a seamless blend of the two structures. The main entrance to NHB is on the fourth floor. Inside the entrance, one is greeted by a huge skylight ceiling and, at the end of the entry corridor, a spectacular view of the OHB.The groundbreaking ceremony for NHB took place on 24 May 1984; the building was completed by March 1991.

Topic: A-12 in the SnowCIA developed the highly secret A-12 OXCART as the U-2’s successor, intended to meet the nation’s need for a very fast, very high-flying reconnaissance aircraft that could avoid Soviet air defenses. CIA awarded the OXCART contract to Lockheed (builder of the U-2) in 1959. In meeting the A-12’s extreme speed and altitude requirements, Lockheed — led by legendary engineer Clarence “Kelly” Johnson — overcame numerous technical challenges with cutting-edge innovations in titanium fabrication, lubricants, jet engines, fuel, navigation, flight control, electronic countermeasures, radar stealthiness, and pilot life-support systems. In 1965, after hundreds of hours flown at high personal risk by the elite team of CIA and Lockheed pilots, the A-12 was declared fully operational, attaining the design specifications of a sustained speed of Mach 3.2 at 27,400 m (90,000 ft) altitude.CIA’s operational use of the A-12 was beset by not only many technical problems but also political sensitivity to aircraft flights over denied areas and competition from imaging satellites. After the U-2 piloted by Francis Gary Powers was shot down over the Soviet Union in May 1960, all Soviet overflights were halted, thus blocking the A-12’s original mission to monitor the Soviet Bloc. By the time of CIA’s first A-12 deployment in 1967, CORONA satellites were being launched regularly to collect thousands of images worldwide each year. Although its imagery was less timely and of poorer resolution than the A-12’s, CORONA was invulnerable to anti-aircraft missiles and much less provocative than A-12 overflights. At the same time, the US Air Force was developing the SR-71, a modified version of the A-12. Seeing little value in maintaining both overt SR-71 and covert A-12 fleets with similar capabilities, President Johnson ordered retirement of the A-12 in 1968.The only A-12 reconnaissance operation, codenamed BLACK SHIELD, took place from May 1967 to May 1968. A detachment of six pilots and three A-12’s based at Kadena Air Force Base in Okinawa flew 29 missions over East Asia. The panoramic stereo camera aboard each aircraft yielded considerable high-quality imagery that within hours of landing was processed. From the images, photo interpreters provided key intelligence information in support of US military operations during the Vietnam War.The A-12 on display at CIA Headquarters — number eight in production of the 15 A-12s built — was the first of the operational fleet to be certified for Mach 3. No piloted operational jet aircraft has ever flown faster or higher. This picture depicts it at wintertime.

Topic: KryptosJames Sanborn’s sculpture “Kryptos” begins at the entrance to the New Headquarters Building and continues in the northwest corner of the New Headquarters Building courtyard.The theme of this sculpture is “intelligence gathering.” Dedicated on 3 November 1990, Kryptos incorporates materials native to the United States. A piece of petrified wood supports a large S-shaped copper screen that looks like a piece of paper coming out of a computer printer. On the “paper” are inscribed several enigmatic messages, each written in a different code. The sculpture continues to be a source of pleasure and mystery for Agency employees, with a few taking the challenge to “break the code.”“Kryptos” © Copyright 1988 James Sanborn. All rights reserved.

Topic: Kryptos at NHBJames Sanborn’s sculpture “Kryptos” begins at the entrance to the New Headquarters Building and continues in the northwest corner of the New Headquarters Building courtyard.The theme of this sculpture is “intelligence gathering.” Dedicated on 3 November 1990, Kryptos incorporates materials native to the United States. A piece of petrified wood supports a large S-shaped copper screen that looks like a piece of paper coming out of a computer printer. On the “paper” are inscribed several enigmatic messages, each written in a different code. The sculpture continues to be a source of pleasure and mystery for Agency employees, with a few taking the challenge to “break the code.”“Kryptos” © Copyright 1988 James Sanborn. All rights reserved.

Topic: Kryptos with FlowersJames Sanborn’s sculpture “Kryptos,” as pictured in the spring, begins at the entrance to the New Headquarters Building and continues in the northwest corner of the New Headquarters Building courtyard.“Kryptos” © Copyright 1988 James Sanborn. All rights reserved. To view more photos of the CIA compound, visit CIA Sites to See and Explore CIA Headquarters.


Topic: Photos of Holy See (Vatican City)

Topic: Introduction
Background: Popes in their secular role ruled portions of the Italian peninsula for more than a thousand years until the mid-19th century, when many of the Papal States were seized by the newly united Kingdom of Italy. In 1870, the pope's holdings were further circumscribed when Rome itself was annexed. Disputes between a series of "prisoner" popes and Italy were resolved in 1929 by three Lateran Treaties, which established the independent state of Vatican City and granted Roman Catholicism special status in Italy. In 1984, a concordat between the Holy See and Italy modified certain of the earlier treaty provisions, including the primacy of Roman Catholicism as the Italian state religion. Present concerns of the Holy See include religious freedom, threats against minority Christian communities in Africa and the Middle East, the plight of refugees and migrants, sexual misconduct by clergy, international development, interreligious dialogue and reconciliation, and the application of church doctrine in an era of rapid change and globalization. About 1.3 billion people worldwide profess Catholicism - the world's largest Christian faith.Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Topic: Geography
Location: Southern Europe, an enclave of Rome (Italy)
Geographic coordinates: 41 54 N, 12 27 E
Map references: Europe
Area: total: 0 sq km

land: 0.44 sq km

water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative: about 0.7 times the size of the National Mall in Washington, DC
Land boundaries: total: 3.4 km

border countries (1): Italy 3.4 km
Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims: none (landlocked)
Climate: temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to May) with hot, dry summers (May to September)
Terrain: urban; low hill
Elevation: highest point: Vatican Gardens (Vatican Hill) 78 m

lowest point: Saint Peter's Square 19 m
Natural resources: none
Land use: agricultural land: 0% (2018 est.)

other: 100% (2018 est.)
Natural hazards: occasional earthquakes
Geography - note: landlocked; an enclave in Rome, Italy; world's smallest state; beyond the territorial boundary of Vatican City, the Lateran Treaty of 1929 grants the Holy See extraterritorial authority over 23 sites in Rome and five outside of Rome, including the Pontifical Palace at Castel Gandolfo (the Pope's summer residence)
Map description: Holy See (Vatican City) map identifies some of the major structures in this entity surrounded by Italy (Rome).Holy See (Vatican City) map identifies some of the major structures in this entity surrounded by Italy (Rome).

Topic: People and Society
Population: 1,000 (2022 est.)
Nationality: noun: none

adjective: none
Ethnic groups: Italian, Swiss, Argentinian, and other nationalities from around the world (2017)
Languages: Italian, Latin, French, various other languages

major-language sample(s):
L'Almanacco dei fatti del mondo, l'indispensabile fonte per le informazioni di base. (Italian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions: Roman Catholic
Age structure: 0-14 years: NA

15-24 years: NA

25-54 years: NA

55-64 years: NA

65 years and over: NA
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA
Population growth rate: 0% (2014 est.)
Birth rate: NA
Death rate: NA
Urbanization: urban population: 100% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 0% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population: 1,000 VATICAN CITY (capital) (2018)
Contraceptive prevalence rate: NA
Drinking water source: improved: total: 100% of population

unimproved: total: 0% of population (2017 est.)
Current Health Expenditure: NA
Sanitation facility access: improved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: NA

unimproved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: NA
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths: NA
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: NA
Education expenditures: NA
Literacy: total population: NA

male: NA

female: NA

Topic: Environment
Environment - current issues: some air pollution from the surrounding city of Rome
Environment - international agreements: party to: Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution, Environmental Modification
Air pollutants: methane emissions: 0 megatons (2020 est.)
Climate: temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to May) with hot, dry summers (May to September)
Land use: agricultural land: 0% (2018 est.)

other: 100% (2018 est.)
Urbanization: urban population: 100% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 0% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Total renewable water resources: 0 cubic meters (2017 est.)

Topic: Government
Country name: conventional long form: The Holy See (Vatican City State)

conventional short form: Holy See (Vatican City)

local long form: La Santa Sede (Stato della Citta del Vaticano)

local short form: Santa Sede (Citta del Vaticano)

etymology: "holy" comes from the Greek word "hera" meaning "sacred"; "see" comes from the Latin word "sedes" meaning "seat," and refers to the episcopal chair; the term "Vatican" derives from the hill Mons Vaticanus on which the Vatican is located and which comes from the Latin "vaticinari" (to prophesy), referring to the fortune tellers and soothsayers who frequented the area in Roman times
Government type: ecclesiastical elective monarchy; self-described as an "absolute monarchy"
Capital: name: Vatican City

geographic coordinates: 41 54 N, 12 27 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: the term "Vatican" derives from the hill Mons Vaticanus on which the Vatican is located and which comes from the Latin "vaticinari" (to prophesy), referring to the fortune tellers and soothsayers who frequented the area in Roman times
Administrative divisions: none
Independence: 11 February 1929; note - the three treaties signed with Italy on 11 February 1929 acknowledged, among other things, the full sovereignty of the Holy See and established its territorial extent; however, the origin of the Papal States, which over centuries varied considerably in extent, may be traced back to A.D. 754
National holiday: Election Day of Pope FRANCIS, 13 March (2013)
Constitution: history: previous 1929, 1963; latest promulgated November 2000, effective 22 February 2001 (Fundamental Law of Vatican City State, the main governing document of the Vatican's civil entities); the Roman Curia is the administrative apparatus – the departments and ministries – used by the pontiff in governing the church; note - Pope Francis in October 2013, instituted a 9-member Council of Cardinal Advisers to reform the Roman Curia to include writing a new constitution; in June 2018, Pope Francis approved the Council of Cardinals' first draft of the new constitution, Predicatae Evangelium (Preach the Gospel); it became effective 5 June 2022, replacing Pastor Bonus, the previous governing document of the Roman Curia

amendments: note - although the Fundamental Law of Vatican City State makes no mention of amendments, Article Four (drafting laws), states that this legislative responsibility resides with the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State; draft legislation is submitted through the Secretariat of State and considered by the pope
Legal system: religious legal system based on canon (religious) law
International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Citizenship: citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: no

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: not applicable

note: in the Holy See, citizenship is acquired by law, ex iure, or by adminstrative decision; in the first instance, citizenship is a function of holding office within the Holy See as in the case of cardinals resident in Vatican City or diplomats of the Holy See; in the second instance, citizenship may be requested in a limited set of circumstances for those who reside within Vatican City under papal authorization, as a function of their office or service, or as the spouses and children of current citizens; citizenship is lost once an individual no longer permanently resides in Vatican City, normally reverting to the citizenship previously held
Suffrage: election of the pope is limited to cardinals less than 80 years old
Executive branch: chief of state: Pope FRANCIS (since 13 March 2013)

head of government: Secretary of State Cardinal Pietro PAROLIN (since 15 October 2013); note - Head of Government of Vatican City is President Cardinal Giuseppe BERTELLO (since 1 October 2011)

cabinet: Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City appointed by the pope

elections/appointments: pope elected by the College of Cardinals, usually for life or until voluntary resignation; election last held on 13 March 2013 (next to be held after the death or resignation of the current pope); Secretary of State appointed by the pope

election results: Jorge Mario BERGOGLIO, former Archbishop of Buenos Aires, elected Pope FRANCIS
Legislative branch: description: unicameral Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City or Pontificia Commissione per lo Stato della Citta del Vaticano (7 seats; the president of the Governorate of Vatican City State and 6 cardinals appointed by the pope to serve 5-year terms)

elections: last held on 11 July 2018

election results: composition - men 7, women 0
Judicial branch: highest courts: Supreme Court or Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura (consists of the cardinal prefect, who serves as ex-officio president of the court, and 2 other cardinals of the Prefect Signatura); note - judicial duties were established by the Motu Proprio, papal directive, of Pope PIUS XII on 1 May 1946; most Vatican City criminal matters are handled by the Republic of Italy courts

judge selection and term of office: cardinal prefect appointed by the pope; the other 2 cardinals of the court appointed by the cardinal prefect on a yearly basis

subordinate courts: Appellate Court of Vatican City; Tribunal of Vatican City
Political parties and leaders: none
International organization participation: CE (observer), IAEA, Interpol, IOM, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Schengen Convention (de facto member), SICA (observer), UN (observer), UNCTAD, UNHCR, Union Latina (observer), UNWTO (observer), UPU, WIPO, WTO (observer)
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Apostolic Nuncio Archbishop Christophe PIERRE (since 27 June 2016)

chancery: 3339 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone: [1] (202) 333-7121

FAX: [1] (202) 337-4036

email address and website:
nuntiususa@nuntiususa.org

http://www.nuntiususa.org/
Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Joe DONNELLY (since 11 April 2022)

embassy: Via Sallustiana, 49, 00187 Rome

mailing address: 5660 Holy See Place, Washington DC  20521-5660

telephone: [39] (06) 4674-1

FAX: [39] (06) 4674-3411

email address and website:
https://va.usembassy.gov/
Flag description: two vertical bands of yellow (hoist side) and white with the arms of the Holy See, consisting of the crossed keys of Saint Peter surmounted by the three-tiered papal tiara, centered in the white band; the yellow color represents the pope's spiritual power, the white his worldly power
National symbol(s): crossed keys beneath a papal tiara; national colors: yellow, white
National anthem: name: "Inno e Marcia Pontificale" (Hymn and Pontifical March); often called The Pontifical Hymn

lyrics/music: Raffaello LAVAGNA/Charles-Francois GOUNOD

note: adopted 1950
National heritage: total World Heritage Sites: 2 (both cultural)

selected World Heritage Site locales: Historic Center of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura; Vatican City

Topic: Economy
Economic overview: The Holy See is supported financially by a variety of sources, including investments, real estate income, and donations from Catholic individuals, dioceses, and institutions; these help fund the Roman Curia (Vatican bureaucracy), diplomatic missions, and media outlets. Moreover, an annual collection taken up in dioceses and from direct donations go to a non-budgetary fund, known as Peter's Pence, which is used directly by the pope for charity, disaster relief, and aid to churches in developing nations.   The separate Vatican City State budget includes the Vatican museums and post office and is supported financially by the sale of stamps, coins, medals, and tourist mementos as well as fees for admission to museums and publication sales. Revenues increased between 2010 and 2011 because of expanded operating hours and a growing number of visitors. However, the Holy See did not escape the financial difficulties experienced by other European countries; in 2012, it started a spending review to determine where to cut costs to reverse its 2011 budget deficit of $20 million. The Holy See generated a modest surplus in 2012 before recording a $32 million deficit in 2013, driven primarily by the decreasing value of gold. The incomes and living standards of lay workers are comparable to those of counterparts who work in the city of Rome so most public expenditures go to wages and other personnel costs;. In February 2014, Pope FRANCIS created the Secretariat of the Economy to oversee financial and administrative operations of the Holy See, part of a broader campaign to reform the Holy See’s finances.The Holy See is supported financially by a variety of sources, including investments, real estate income, and donations from Catholic individuals, dioceses, and institutions; these help fund the Roman Curia (Vatican bureaucracy), diplomatic missions, and media outlets. Moreover, an annual collection taken up in dioceses and from direct donations go to a non-budgetary fund, known as Peter's Pence, which is used directly by the pope for charity, disaster relief, and aid to churches in developing nations. The separate Vatican City State budget includes the Vatican museums and post office and is supported financially by the sale of stamps, coins, medals, and tourist mementos as well as fees for admission to museums and publication sales. Revenues increased between 2010 and 2011 because of expanded operating hours and a growing number of visitors. However, the Holy See did not escape the financial difficulties experienced by other European countries; in 2012, it started a spending review to determine where to cut costs to reverse its 2011 budget deficit of $20 million. The Holy See generated a modest surplus in 2012 before recording a $32 million deficit in 2013, driven primarily by the decreasing value of gold. The incomes and living standards of lay workers are comparable to those of counterparts who work in the city of Rome so most public expenditures go to wages and other personnel costs;. In February 2014, Pope FRANCIS created the Secretariat of the Economy to oversee financial and administrative operations of the Holy See, part of a broader campaign to reform the Holy See’s finances.
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): NANA
Industries: printing; production of coins, medals, postage stamps; mosaics, staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activities
Labor force: 4,822 (2016)
Labor force - by occupation: note: essentially services with a small amount of industry; nearly all dignitaries, priests, nuns, guards, and the approximately 3,000 lay workers live outside the Vaticannote: essentially services with a small amount of industry; nearly all dignitaries, priests, nuns, guards, and the approximately 3,000 lay workers live outside the Vatican
Population below poverty line: NA
Budget: revenues: 315 million (2013)

expenditures: 348 million (2013)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): NA
Taxes and other revenues: NA
Fiscal year: calendar year
Exchange rates: euros (EUR) per US dollar -

0.885 (2017 est.)

0.903 (2016 est.)

0.9214 (2015 est.)

0.885 (2014 est.)

0.7634 (2013 est.)

Topic: Energy
Electricity access: electrification - total population: 100% (2020)

Topic: Communications
Telecommunication systems: general assessment: automatic digital exchange (2018)

domestic: connected via fiber-optic cable to Telecom Italia network (2018)

international: country code - 39; uses Italian system

note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress towards 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
Broadcast media: the Vatican Television Center (CTV) transmits live broadcasts of the Pope's Sunday and Wednesday audiences, as well as the Pope's public celebrations; CTV also produces documentaries; Vatican Radio is the Holy See's official broadcasting service broadcasting via shortwave, AM and FM frequencies, and via satellite and Internet connections; Vatican News website partners with Vatican Radio and provides Catholic news provided by the Vatican (2021)
Internet country code: .va
Communications - note: the Vatican Apostolic Library is one of the world's oldest libraries, formally established in 1475, but actually much older; it holds a significant collection of historic texts including 1.1 million printed books and 75,000 codices (manuscript books with handwritten contents); it serves as a research library for history, law, philosophy, science, and theology; the library's collections have been described as "the world's greatest treasure house of the writings at the core of Western tradition"

Topic: Military and Security
Military and security forces: Pontifical Swiss Guard Corps (Corpo della Guardia Svizzera Pontificia); the Gendarmerie Corps of Vatican City (Corpo della Gendarmeriais) is a police force that helps augment the Pontifical Swiss Guard Corps during the Pope’s appearances, as well as providing general security, traffic direction, and investigative duties for the Vatican City State (2022)
Military service age and obligation: Pontifical Swiss Guard Corps: 19-30 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; must be Roman Catholic, a single male, and a Swiss citizen, with a secondary education; service is for 26 months (2022)
Military - note: defense is the responsibility of Italy

Topic: Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: nonenone