Topic: Photos of Oman

Topic: Introduction
Background: The inhabitants of the area of Oman have long prospered from Indian Ocean trade. In the late 18th century, the nascent sultanate in Muscat signed the first in a series of friendship treaties with Britain. Over time, Oman's dependence on British political and military advisors increased, although the sultanate never became a British colony. In 1970, QABOOS bin Said Al-Said overthrew his father, and ruled as sultan for the next five decades. His extensive modernization program opened the country to the outside world. He prioritized strategic ties with the UK and US, and his moderate, independent foreign policy allowed Oman to maintain good relations with its neighbors and to avoid external entanglements.

Inspired by the popular uprisings that swept the Middle East and North Africa beginning in January 2011, some Omanis staged demonstrations, calling for more jobs and economic benefits and an end to corruption. In response to those protester demands, QABOOS in 2011 pledged to implement economic and political reforms, such as granting Oman’s bicameral legislative body more power and authorizing direct elections for its lower house, which took place in November 2011. Additionally, the sultan increased unemployment benefits, and, in August 2012, issued a royal directive mandating the speedy implementation of a national job creation plan for thousands of public and private sector Omani jobs. As part of the government's efforts to decentralize authority and allow greater citizen participation in local governance, Oman successfully conducted its first municipal council elections in December 2012. Announced by the sultan in 2011, the municipal councils have the power to advise the Royal Court on the needs of local districts across Oman's 11 governorates. Sultan QABOOS, Oman's longest reigning monarch, died on 11 January 2020. His cousin, HAYTHAM bin Tariq bin Taimur Al-Said, former Minister of Heritage and Culture, was sworn in as Oman's new sultan the same day.The inhabitants of the area of Oman have long prospered from Indian Ocean trade. In the late 18th century, the nascent sultanate in Muscat signed the first in a series of friendship treaties with Britain. Over time, Oman's dependence on British political and military advisors increased, although the sultanate never became a British colony. In 1970, QABOOS bin Said Al-Said overthrew his father, and ruled as sultan for the next five decades. His extensive modernization program opened the country to the outside world. He prioritized strategic ties with the UK and US, and his moderate, independent foreign policy allowed Oman to maintain good relations with its neighbors and to avoid external entanglements.

Inspired by the popular uprisings that swept the Middle East and North Africa beginning in January 2011, some Omanis staged demonstrations, calling for more jobs and economic benefits and an end to corruption. In response to those protester demands, QABOOS in 2011 pledged to implement economic and political reforms, such as granting Oman’s bicameral legislative body more power and authorizing direct elections for its lower house, which took place in November 2011. Additionally, the sultan increased unemployment benefits, and, in August 2012, issued a royal directive mandating the speedy implementation of a national job creation plan for thousands of public and private sector Omani jobs. As part of the government's efforts to decentralize authority and allow greater citizen participation in local governance, Oman successfully conducted its first municipal council elections in December 2012. Announced by the sultan in 2011, the municipal councils have the power to advise the Royal Court on the needs of local districts across Oman's 11 governorates. Sultan QABOOS, Oman's longest reigning monarch, died on 11 January 2020. His cousin, HAYTHAM bin Tariq bin Taimur Al-Said, former Minister of Heritage and Culture, was sworn in as Oman's new sultan the same day.Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Topic: Geography
Location: Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf, between Yemen and the UAE
Geographic coordinates: 21 00 N, 57 00 E
Map references: Middle East
Area: total: 309,500 sq km

land: 309,500 sq km

water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative: twice the size of Georgia
Land boundaries: total: 1,561 km

border countries (3): Saudi Arabia 658 km; UAE 609 km; Yemen 294 km
Coastline: 2,092 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm

contiguous zone: 24 nm

exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate: dry desert; hot, humid along coast; hot, dry interior; strong southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south
Terrain: central desert plain, rugged mountains in north and south
Elevation: highest point: Jabal Shams 3,004 m

lowest point: Arabian Sea 0 m

mean elevation: 310 m
Natural resources: petroleum, copper, asbestos, some marble, limestone, chromium, gypsum, natural gas
Land use: agricultural land: 4.7% (2018 est.)

arable land: 0.1% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 4.5% (2018 est.)

forest: 0% (2018 est.)

other: 95.3% (2018 est.)
Irrigated land: 590 sq km (2012)
Major aquifers: Arabian Aquifer System
Population distribution: the vast majority of the population is located in and around the Al Hagar Mountains in the north of the country; another smaller cluster is found around the city of Salalah in the far south; most of the country remains sparsely poplulated
Natural hazards: summer winds often raise large sandstorms and dust storms in interior; periodic droughts
Geography - note: consists of Oman proper and two northern exclaves, Musandam and Al Madhah; the former is a peninsula that occupies a strategic location adjacent to the Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil
Map description: Oman map showing major population centers as well as parts of surrounding countries and the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman.Oman map showing major population centers as well as parts of surrounding countries and the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman.

Topic: People and Society
Population: 3,764,348 (2022 est.)

note: immigrants make up approximately 46% of the total population (2019)
Nationality: noun: Omani(s)

adjective: Omani
Ethnic groups: Arab, Baluchi, South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi), African
Languages: Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Swahili, Urdu, Indian dialects

major-language sample(s):
كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions: Muslim 85.9%, Christian 6.4%, Hindu 5.7%, other and unaffiliated 2% (2020 est.)

note: Omani citizens represent approximately 56.4% of the population and are overwhelming Muslim (Ibadhi and Sunni sects each constitute about 45% and Shia about 5%); Christians, Hindus, and Buddhists account for roughly 5% of Omani citizens
Age structure: 0-14 years: 30.15% (male 561,791/female 533,949)

15-24 years: 17.35% (male 331,000/female 299,516)

25-54 years: 44.81% (male 928,812/female 699,821)

55-64 years: 4.02% (male 77,558/female 68,427)

65 years and over: 3.68% (2020 est.) (male 64,152/female 69,663)
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 33.3

youth dependency ratio: 30

elderly dependency ratio: 3.3

potential support ratio: 29.9 (2020 est.)
Median age: total: 26.2 years

male: 27.2 years

female: 25.1 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate: 1.84% (2022 est.)
Birth rate: 22.11 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate: 3.23 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Net migration rate: -0.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Population distribution: the vast majority of the population is located in and around the Al Hagar Mountains in the north of the country; another smaller cluster is found around the city of Salalah in the far south; most of the country remains sparsely poplulated
Urbanization: urban population: 87.8% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 2.32% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population: 1.623 million MUSCAT (capital) (2022)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.1 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1.32 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 1.12 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female

total population: 1.17 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio: 19 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)
Infant mortality rate: total: 14.45 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 15.71 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 13.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2022 est.)
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 76.9 years

male: 74.96 years

female: 78.93 years (2022 est.)
Total fertility rate: 2.7 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate: 29.7% (2014)
Drinking water source: improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 97.9% of population

total: 99.7% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 2.1% of population

total: 0.3% of population (2020 est.)
Current Health Expenditure: 4.1% (2019)
Physicians density: 1.77 physicians/1,000 population (2020)
Hospital bed density: 1.5 beds/1,000 population (2017)
Sanitation facility access: improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2020 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.1% (2019)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 2,500 (2019)
HIV/AIDS - deaths: (2019) <100
Obesity - adult prevalence rate: 27% (2016)
Tobacco use: total: 8% (2020 est.)

male: 15.5% (2020 est.)

female: 0.4% (2020 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 11.2% (2016/17)
Education expenditures: 5.4% of GDP (2019 est.)
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 95.7%

male: 97%

female: 92.7% (2018)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total: 15 years

male: 14 years

female: 15 years (2020)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 13.7%

male: 10.3%

female: 33.9% (2016)

Topic: Environment
Environment - current issues: limited natural freshwater resources; high levels of soil and water salinity in the coastal plains; beach pollution from oil spills; industrial effluents seeping into the water tables and aquifers; desertificaiton due to high winds driving desert sand into arable lands
Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Air pollutants: particulate matter emissions: 38.25 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)

carbon dioxide emissions: 63.46 megatons (2016 est.)

methane emissions: 5.6 megatons (2020 est.)
Climate: dry desert; hot, humid along coast; hot, dry interior; strong southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south
Land use: agricultural land: 4.7% (2018 est.)

arable land: 0.1% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 4.5% (2018 est.)

forest: 0% (2018 est.)

other: 95.3% (2018 est.)
Urbanization: urban population: 87.8% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 2.32% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Revenue from forest resources: forest revenues: 0% of GDP (2018 est.)
Revenue from coal: coal revenues: 0% of GDP (2018 est.)
Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually: 1,734,885 tons (2014 est.)
Major aquifers: Arabian Aquifer System
Total water withdrawal: municipal: 130 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

industrial: 135 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

agricultural: 1.607 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)
Total renewable water resources: 1.4 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)

Topic: Government
Country name: conventional long form: Sultanate of Oman

conventional short form: Oman

local long form: Saltanat Uman

local short form: Uman

former: Sultanate of Muscat and Oman

etymology: the origin of the name is uncertain, but it apparently dates back at least 2,000 years since an "Omana" is mentioned by Pliny the Elder (1st century A.D.) and an "Omanon" by Ptolemy (2nd century A.D.)
Government type: absolute monarchy
Capital: name: Muscat

geographic coordinates: 23 37 N, 58 35 E

time difference: UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the name, whose meaning is uncertain, traces back almost two millennia; two 2nd century A.D. scholars, the geographer Ptolemy and the historian Arrian, both mention an Arabian Sea coastal town of Moscha, which most likely referred to Muscat
Administrative divisions: 11 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafaza); Ad Dakhiliyah, Al Buraymi, Al Wusta, Az Zahirah, Janub al Batinah (Al Batinah South), Janub ash Sharqiyah (Ash Sharqiyah South), Masqat (Muscat), Musandam, Shamal al Batinah (Al Batinah North), Shamal ash Sharqiyah (Ash Sharqiyah North), Zufar (Dhofar)
Independence: 1650 (expulsion of the Portuguese)
National holiday: National Day, 18 November; note - celebrates Oman's independence from Portugal in 1650 and the birthday of Sultan QABOOS bin Said al Said, who reigned from 1970 to 2020
Constitution: history: promulgated by royal decree 6 November 1996 (the Basic Law of the Sultanate of Oman serves as the constitution); amended by royal decree in 2011

amendments: promulgated by the sultan or proposed by the Council of Oman and drafted by a technical committee as stipulated by royal decree and then promulgated through royal decree; amended by royal decree 2011, 2021
Legal system: mixed legal system of Anglo-Saxon law and Islamic law
International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Citizenship: citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Oman

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: unknown
Suffrage: 21 years of age; universal; note - members of the military and security forces by law cannot vote
Executive branch: chief of state: Sultan and Prime Minister HAYTHAM bin Tariq bin Taimur Al-Said (since 11 January 2020); note - the monarch is both chief of state and head of government

head of government: Sultan and Prime Minister HAYTHAM bin Tariq bin Taimur Al-Said (since 11 January 2020)

cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the monarch
Legislative branch: description: bicameral Council of Oman or Majlis Oman consists of:
Council of State or Majlis al-Dawla (85 seats including the chairman; members appointed by the sultan from among former government officials and prominent educators, businessmen, and citizens)
Consultative Council or Majlis al-Shura (86 seats; members directly elected in single- and 2-seat constituencies by simple majority popular vote to serve renewable 4-year terms); note - since political reforms in 2011, legislation from the Consultative Council is submitted to the Council of State for review by the Royal Court

elections: Council of State - last appointments on 11 July 2019 (next to be held in November 2023)
Consultative Assembly - last held on 27 October 2019 (next to be held in October 2023)

election results:
Council of State - composition - men 70, women 15, percent of women 17.6%
Consultative Council percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA (organized political parties in Oman are legally banned); composition men 84, women 2, percent of women 2.3%; note - total Council of Oman percent of women 9.9%
Judicial branch: highest courts: Supreme Court (consists of 5 judges)

judge selection and term of office: judges nominated by the 9-member Supreme Judicial Council (chaired by the monarch) and appointed by the monarch; judges appointed for life

subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; Administrative Court; Courts of First Instance; sharia courts; magistrates' courts; military courts
Political parties and leaders: none; note - organized political parties are legally banned in Oman, and loyalties tend to form around tribal affiliations
International organization participation: ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, CAEU, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Moosa Hamdan Moosa AL TAI (since 17 February 2021)

chancery: 2535 Belmont Road, NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone: [1] (202) 387-1980

FAX: [1] (202) 745-4933

email address and website:
washington@fm.gov.om

https://www.culturaloffice.info/aboutomaniembassy
Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Leslie M. TSOU (since 19 January 2020)

embassy: P.C. 115, Madinat Al Sultan Qaboos, Muscat

mailing address: 6220 Muscat Place, Washington DC  20521

telephone: [968] 2464-3400

FAX: [968] 2464-3740

email address and website:
ConsularMuscat@state.gov

https://om.usembassy.gov/
Flag description: three horizontal bands of white (top), red, and green of equal width with a broad, vertical, red band on the hoist side; the national emblem (a khanjar dagger in its sheath superimposed on two crossed swords in scabbards) in white is centered near the top of the vertical band; white represents peace and prosperity, red recalls battles against foreign invaders, and green symbolizes the Jebel al Akhdar (Green Mountains) and fertility
National symbol(s): khanjar dagger superimposed on two crossed swords; national colors: red, white, green
National anthem: name: "Nashid as-Salaam as-Sultani" (The Sultan's Anthem)

lyrics/music: Rashid bin Uzayyiz al KHUSAIDI/James Frederick MILLS, arranged by Bernard EBBINGHAUS

note: adopted 1932; new lyrics written after QABOOS bin Said al Said gained power in 1970; first performed by the band of a British ship as a salute to the Sultan during a 1932 visit to Muscat; the bandmaster of the HMS Hawkins was asked to write a salutation to the Sultan on the occasion of his ship visit
National heritage: total World Heritage Sites: 5 (all cultural)

selected World Heritage Site locales: Bahla Fort; Archaeological Sites of Bat; Land of Frankincense; Aflaj Irrigation Systems of Oman; Ancient Qalhat

Topic: Economy
Economic overview: Oman is heavily dependent on oil and gas resources, which can generate between and 68% and 85% of government revenue, depending on fluctuations in commodity prices. In 2016, low global oil prices drove Oman’s budget deficit to $13.8 billion, or approximately 20% of GDP, but the budget deficit is estimated to have reduced to 12% of GDP in 2017 as Oman reduced government subsidies. As of January 2018, Oman has sufficient foreign assets to support its currency’s fixed exchange rates. It is issuing debt to cover its deficit.   Oman is using enhanced oil recovery techniques to boost production, but it has simultaneously pursued a development plan that focuses on diversification, industrialization, and privatization, with the objective of reducing the oil sector's contribution to GDP. The key components of the government's diversification strategy are tourism, shipping and logistics, mining, manufacturing, and aquaculture.   Muscat also has notably focused on creating more Omani jobs to employ the rising number of nationals entering the workforce. However, high social welfare benefits - that had increased in the wake of the 2011 Arab Spring - have made it impossible for the government to balance its budget in light of current oil prices. In response, Omani officials imposed austerity measures on its gasoline and diesel subsidies in 2016. These spending cuts have had only a moderate effect on the government’s budget, which is projected to again face a deficit of $7.8 billion in 2018.Oman is heavily dependent on oil and gas resources, which can generate between and 68% and 85% of government revenue, depending on fluctuations in commodity prices. In 2016, low global oil prices drove Oman’s budget deficit to $13.8 billion, or approximately 20% of GDP, but the budget deficit is estimated to have reduced to 12% of GDP in 2017 as Oman reduced government subsidies. As of January 2018, Oman has sufficient foreign assets to support its currency’s fixed exchange rates. It is issuing debt to cover its deficit. Oman is using enhanced oil recovery techniques to boost production, but it has simultaneously pursued a development plan that focuses on diversification, industrialization, and privatization, with the objective of reducing the oil sector's contribution to GDP. The key components of the government's diversification strategy are tourism, shipping and logistics, mining, manufacturing, and aquaculture. Muscat also has notably focused on creating more Omani jobs to employ the rising number of nationals entering the workforce. However, high social welfare benefits - that had increased in the wake of the 2011 Arab Spring - have made it impossible for the government to balance its budget in light of current oil prices. In response, Omani officials imposed austerity measures on its gasoline and diesel subsidies in 2016. These spending cuts have had only a moderate effect on the government’s budget, which is projected to again face a deficit of $7.8 billion in 2018.
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): $135.79 billion (2019 est.)

$136.92 billion (2018 est.)

$135.696 billion (2017 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars
Real GDP growth rate: -0.9% (2017 est.)

5% (2016 est.)

4.7% (2015 est.)
Real GDP per capita: $27,300 (2019 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars

$28,400 (2018 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars

$29,082 (2017 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate): $76.883 billion (2019 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 0.1% (2019 est.)

0.7% (2018 est.)

1.7% (2017 est.)
Credit ratings: Fitch rating: BB- (2020)

Moody's rating: Ba3 (2020)

Standard & Poors rating: B+ (2020)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 1.8% (2017 est.)

industry: 46.4% (2017 est.)

services: 51.8% (2017 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 36.8% (2017 est.)

government consumption: 26.2% (2017 est.)

investment in fixed capital: 27.8% (2017 est.)

investment in inventories: 3% (2017 est.)

exports of goods and services: 51.5% (2017 est.)

imports of goods and services: -46.6% (2017 est.)
Agricultural products: dates, tomatoes, vegetables, goat milk, milk, cucumbers, green chillies/peppers, watermelons, sorghum, melons
Industries: crude oil production and refining, natural and liquefied natural gas production; construction, cement, copper, steel, chemicals, optic fiber
Industrial production growth rate: -3% (2017 est.)
Labor force: 2.255 million (2016 est.)

note: about 60% of the labor force is non-national
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 4.7% NA

industry: 49.6% NA

services: 45% (2016 est.) NA
Unemployment rate: NANA
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 13.7%

male: 10.3%

female: 33.9% (2016)
Population below poverty line: NA
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: NA

highest 10%: NA
Budget: revenues: 22.14 billion (2017 est.)

expenditures: 31.92 billion (2017 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): -13.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Public debt: 46.9% of GDP (2017 est.)

32.5% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: excludes indebtedness of state-owned enterprises
Taxes and other revenues: 31.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Current account balance: -$10.76 billion (2017 est.)

-$12.32 billion (2016 est.)
Exports: $43.69 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$46.32 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners: China 46%, India 8%, Japan 6%, South Korea 6%, United Arab Emirates 6%, Saudi Arabia 5% (2019)
Exports - commodities: crude petroleum, natural gas, refined petroleum, iron products, fertilizers (2019)
Imports: $32.55 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$35.37 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners: United Arab Emirates 36%, China 10%, Japan 7%, India 7%, United States 5% (2019)
Imports - commodities: cars, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, gold, iron (2019)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $16.09 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$20.26 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
Debt - external: $46.27 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$27.05 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
Exchange rates: Omani rials (OMR) per US dollar -

0.38505 (2020 est.)

0.38505 (2019 est.)

0.385 (2018 est.)

0.3845 (2014 est.)

0.3845 (2013 est.)

Topic: Energy
Electricity access: electrification - total population: 99% (2019)

electrification - urban areas: 100% (2019)

electrification - rural areas: 92% (2019)
Electricity: installed generating capacity: 8.601 million kW (2020 est.)

consumption: 32,320,020,000 kWh (2019 est.)

exports: 0 kWh (2019 est.)

imports: 0 kWh (2019 est.)

transmission/distribution losses: 3.717 billion kWh (2019 est.)
Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels: 100% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

solar: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

wind: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

hydroelectricity: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

biomass and waste: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Coal: production: 0 metric tons (2020 est.)

consumption: 115,000 metric tons (2020 est.)

exports: 0 metric tons (2020 est.)

imports: 115,000 metric tons (2020 est.)

proven reserves: 0 metric tons (2019 est.)
Petroleum: total petroleum production: 978,800 bbl/day (2021 est.)

refined petroleum consumption: 234,200 bbl/day (2019 est.)

crude oil and lease condensate exports: 779,000 barrels/day (2018 est.)

crude oil and lease condensate imports: 0 barrels/day (2018 est.)

crude oil estimated reserves: 5.373 billion barrels (2021 est.)
Refined petroleum products - production: 229,600 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Refined petroleum products - exports: 33,700 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Refined petroleum products - imports: 6,041 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Natural gas: production: 36,596,746,000 cubic meters (2019 est.)

consumption: 24,279,419,000 cubic meters (2019 est.)

exports: 13,798,040,000 cubic meters (2019 est.)

imports: 1,605,959,000 cubic meters (2019 est.)

proven reserves: 651.286 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions: 76.321 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from coal and metallurgical coke: 191,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from petroleum and other liquids: 29.682 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from consumed natural gas: 46.447 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)
Energy consumption per capita: 292.022 million Btu/person (2019 est.)

Topic: Communications
Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions: 594,550 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2020 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions: 6,276,535 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 134 (2020 est.)
Telecommunication systems: general assessment: for many years Oman’s mobile market was a duopoly between the incumbent telco Omantel and its challenger Ooredoo Oman; in February 2021, Vodafone Group and Oman Future Telecommunications consortium secured a license to operate the Sultanate’s third network, with services being under the Vodafone Oman brand; the new operator has been able to extend its reach based on a tower leasing arrangement signed in 2020 with Oman Tower Company; Oman has a modern mobile sector which comprises substantial coverage of both 3G and LTE networks; in February 2021 Omantel launched commercial 5G services, while Ooredoo Group has a five-year framework agreement with Ericsson to develop its 5G platform across the Group’s ten markets, including Oman; the Covid-19 pandemic has caused a spike in mobile data traffic, which prompted Omantel to upgrade a number of sites from 3G to LTE, as well as build a number of additional 5G sites; while Oman’s fixed broadband infrastructure penetration is considered low, it is being improved with the building of fiber-based networks as part of Oman’s Vision 2040 program; Oman has also established itself as an important communications hub in the Middle East, with access to numerous submarine cables including the 2Africa submarine cable, which should become available during 2023-2024; the 9,800km Oman Australia Cable running from Muscat to Perth, with the potential for a branch line to Djibouti, is making progress and is expected to be completed in December 2021; this additional infrastructure will provide considerable additional bandwidth. (2021)

domestic: fixed-line nearly 13 per 100 and mobile-cellular nearly 134 per 100; fixed-line phone service gradually being introduced to remote villages using wireless local loop systems (2020)

international: country code - 968; landing points for GSA, AAE-1, SeaMeWe-5, Tata TGN-Gulf, FALCON, GBICS/MENA, MENA/Guld Bridge International, TW1, BBG, EIG, OMRAN/EPEG, and POI submarine cables providing connectivity to Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Southeast Asia and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) (2019)

note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress towards 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
Broadcast media: 1 state-run TV broadcaster; TV stations transmitting from Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Iran, and Yemen available via satellite TV; state-run radio operates multiple stations; first private radio station began operating in 2007 and several additional stations now operating (2019)
Internet country code: .om
Internet users: total: 4,851,291 (2020 est.)

percent of population: 95% (2020 est.)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total: 508,949 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11 (2020 est.)

Topic: Transportation
National air transport system: number of registered air carriers: 2 (2020)

inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 57

annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 10,438,241 (2018)

annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 510.43 million (2018) mt-km
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: A4O
Airports: total: 132 (2021)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 13

over 3,047 m: 7

2,438 to 3,047 m: 5

914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2021)
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 119

over 3,047 m: 2

2,438 to 3,047 m: 7

1,524 to 2,437 m: 51

914 to 1,523 m: 33

under 914 m: 26 (2021)
Heliports: 3 (2021)
Pipelines: 106 km condensate, 4,224 km gas, 3,558 km oil, 33 km oil/gas/water, 264 km refined products (2013)
Roadways: total: 60,230 km (2012)

paved: 29,685 km (2012) (includes 1,943 km of expressways)

unpaved: 30,545 km (2012)
Merchant marine: total: 57

by type: general cargo 10, other 47 (2021)
Ports and terminals: major seaport(s): Mina' Qabus, Salalah, Suhar

container port(s) (TEUs): Salalah (4,109,000) (2019)

LNG terminal(s) (export): Qalhat

Topic: Military and Security
Military and security forces: Sultan's Armed Forces (SAF): Royal Army of Oman (RAO), Royal Navy of Oman (RNO), Royal Air Force of Oman (RAFO), Royal Guard of Oman (RGO); Royal Oman Police (ROP): Civil Defense, Immigration, Customs, Royal Oman Police Coast Guard (2022)
Military expenditures: 8% of GDP (2021 est.)

11% of GDP (2020 est.)

11.8% of GDP (2019 est.) (approximately $12.1 billion)

11.2% of GDP (2018 est.) (approximately $11.8 billion)

12.3% of GDP (2017 est.) (approximately $12.7 billion)
Military and security service personnel strengths: approximately 40,000 active duty troops (25,000 Army, 5,000 Navy; 5,000 Air Force; 5,000 Royal Guard) (2022)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions: the SAF's inventory includes a mix of older and some more modern weapons systems from a variety of suppliers, particularly Europe and the US; since 2010, the UK and the US are the leading suppliers of arms to Oman (2022)
Military service age and obligation: 18-30 years of age for voluntary military service (women have been allowed to serve since 2011); no conscription (2022)
Military - note: the Sultan’s Armed Forces (SAF) have a longstanding security relationship with the British military going back to the 18th century; as of 2022, the SAF and the British maintained a joint training base in Oman and exercised together regularly; in 2017, Oman and the British signed an agreement allowing the British military the use of facilities at Al Duqm Port; in 2019, the US obtained access to the port (2022)
Maritime threats: the Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation has issued a Maritime Advisory (2022-003 Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea, Red Sea-Threats to US and International Shipping from Iran) effective 28 February 2022, which states in part that "heightened military activities and increased political tensions in this region continue to present risk to commercial shipping...there is a continued possibility that Iran and/or its regional proxies could take actions against US and partner interests in the region"; Coalition Task Force (CTF) Sentinel has been established to provide escorts for commercial shipping transiting the Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz, and Gulf of Omanthe Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation has issued a Maritime Advisory (2022-003 Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea, Red Sea-Threats to US and International Shipping from Iran) effective 28 February 2022, which states in part that "heightened military activities and increased political tensions in this region continue to present risk to commercial shipping...there is a continued possibility that Iran and/or its regional proxies could take actions against US and partner interests in the region"; Coalition Task Force (CTF) Sentinel has been established to provide escorts for commercial shipping transiting the Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz, and Gulf of Oman

Topic: Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: Oman-Saudi Arabia: none identified Oman-UAE: boundary agreement reportedly signed and ratified with UAE in 2003 for entire border, including Oman's Musandam Peninsula and Al Madhah exclave, but details of the alignment have not been made public; Oman and UAE signed the final demarcation of their land border in 2008 Oman-Yemen: Oman and Yemen signed a border agreement in 1992; demarcation of their border was completed in 1995  Oman-Saudi Arabia: none identifiedOman-UAE: boundary agreement reportedly signed and ratified with UAE in 2003 for entire border, including Oman's Musandam Peninsula and Al Madhah exclave, but details of the alignment have not been made public; Oman and UAE signed the final demarcation of their land border in 2008Oman-Yemen: Oman and Yemen signed a border agreement in 1992; demarcation of their border was completed in 1995
Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees (country of origin): 5,000 (Yemen) (2017)


This entry gives the number of square kilometers of land area that is artificially supplied with water.

Topic: Afghanistan32,080 sq km (2012)

Topic: Albania3,537 sq km (2014)

Topic: Algeria13,600 sq km (2014)

Topic: American Samoa0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Andorra0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Angola860 sq km (2014)

Topic: Anguilla0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Antigua and Barbuda1.3 sq km (2012)

Topic: Argentina23,600 sq km (2012)

Topic: Armenia2,740 sq km (2012)

Topic: ArubaNA

Topic: Australia25,460 sq km (2014)

Topic: Austria1,170 sq km (2012)

Topic: Azerbaijan14,277 sq km (2012)

Topic: Bahamas, The10 sq km (2012)

Topic: Bahrain40 sq km (2012)

Topic: Bangladesh53,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: Barbados50 sq km (2012)

Topic: Belarus1,140 sq km (2012)

Topic: Belgium230 sq km (2012)

Topic: Belize35 sq km (2012)

Topic: Benin230 sq km (2012)

Topic: BermudaNA

Topic: Bhutan320 sq km (2012)

Topic: Bolivia3,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: Bosnia and Herzegovina30 sq km (2012)

Topic: Botswana20 sq km (2012)

Topic: Brazil54,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: British Virgin IslandsNA

Topic: Brunei10 sq km (2012)

Topic: Bulgaria1,020 sq km (2012)

Topic: Burkina Faso550 sq km (2016)

Topic: Burma22,950 sq km (2012)

Topic: Burundi230 sq km (2012)

Topic: Cabo Verde35 sq km (2012)

Topic: Cambodia3,540 sq km (2012)

Topic: Cameroon290 sq km (2012)

Topic: Canada8,700 sq km (2012)

Topic: Cayman IslandsNA

Topic: Central African Republic10 sq km (2012)

Topic: Chad300 sq km (2012)

Topic: Chile11,100 sq km (2012)

Topic: China690,070 sq km (2012)

Topic: Christmas IslandNA

Topic: Cocos (Keeling) IslandsNA

Topic: Colombia10,900 sq km (2012)

Topic: Comoros1.3 sq km (2012)

Topic: Congo, Democratic Republic of the110 sq km (2012)

Topic: Congo, Republic of the20 sq km (2012)

Topic: Cook IslandsNA

Topic: Costa Rica1,015 sq km (2012)

Topic: Cote d'Ivoire730 sq km (2012)

Topic: Croatia240 sq km (2012)

Topic: Cuba8,700 sq km (2012)

Topic: CuracaoNA

Topic: Cyprus460 sq km (2012)

Topic: Czechia320 sq km (2012)

Topic: Denmark4,350 sq km (2012)

Topic: Djibouti10 sq km (2012)

Topic: DominicaNA

Topic: Dominican Republic3,070 sq km (2012)

Topic: Ecuador15,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: Egypt36,500 sq km (2012)

Topic: El Salvador452 sq km (2012)

Topic: Equatorial GuineaNA

Topic: Eritrea210 sq km (2012)

Topic: Estonia40 sq km (2012)

Topic: Eswatini500 sq km (2012)

Topic: Ethiopia2,900 sq km (2012)

Topic: European Union154,539.82 sq km (2011 est.)

Topic: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)NA

Topic: Fiji40 sq km (2012)

Topic: Finland690 sq km (2012)

Topic: France26,420 sq km (2012) 26,950 sq km

metropolitan France: 26,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: French Polynesia10 sq km (2012)

Topic: Gabon40 sq km (2012)

Topic: Gambia, The50 sq km (2012)

Topic: Gaza Strip(2012) 240 sq km; note - includes the West Bank

Topic: Georgia4,330 sq km (2012)

Topic: Germany6,500 sq km (2012)

Topic: Ghana340 sq km (2012)

Topic: GibraltarNA

Topic: Greece15,550 sq km (2012)

Topic: GreenlandNA

Topic: Grenada20 sq km (2012)

Topic: Guam2 sq km (2012)

Topic: Guatemala3,375 sq km (2012)

Topic: GuernseyNA

Topic: Guinea950 sq km (2012)

Topic: Guinea-Bissau250 sq km (2012)

Topic: Guyana1,430 sq km (2012)

Topic: Haiti970 sq km (2012)

Topic: Honduras900 sq km (2012)

Topic: Hong Kong10 sq km (2012)

Topic: Hungary1,721 sq km (2012)

Topic: IcelandNA

Topic: India667,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: Indonesia67,220 sq km (2012)

Topic: Iran95,530 sq km (2012)

Topic: Iraq35,250 sq km (2012)

Topic: Ireland0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Isle of Man0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Israel2,250 sq km (2012)

Topic: Italy39,500 sq km (2012)

Topic: Jamaica250 sq km (2012)

Topic: Jan Mayen0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Japan24,690 sq km (2012)

Topic: JerseyNA

Topic: Jordan964 sq km (2012)

Topic: Kazakhstan20,660 sq km (2012)

Topic: Kenya1,030 sq km (2012)

Topic: Kiribati0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Korea, North14,600 sq km (2012)

Topic: Korea, South7,780 sq km (2012)

Topic: KosovoNA

Topic: Kuwait105 sq km (2012)

Topic: Kyrgyzstan10,233 sq km (2012)

Topic: Laos3,100 sq km (2012)

Topic: Latvia12 sq km (2012)

note: land in Latvia is often too wet and in need of drainage not irrigation; approximately 16,000 sq km or 85% of agricultural land has been improved by drainage

Topic: Lebanon1,040 sq km (2012)

Topic: Lesotho30 sq km (2012)

Topic: Liberia30 sq km (2012)

Topic: Libya4,700 sq km (2012)

Topic: Liechtenstein0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Lithuania44 sq km (2012)

Topic: Luxembourg0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Macau0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Madagascar10,860 sq km (2012)

Topic: Malawi740 sq km (2012)

Topic: Malaysia3,800 sq km (2012)

Topic: Maldives0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Mali3,780 sq km (2012)

Topic: Malta35 sq km (2012)

Topic: Marshall Islands0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Mauritania450 sq km (2012)

Topic: Mauritius190 sq km (2012)

Topic: Mexico65,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: Micronesia, Federated States of0 sq km (2012) NA

Topic: Moldova2,283 sq km (2012)

Topic: Monaco0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Mongolia840 sq km (2012)

Topic: Montenegro24 sq km (2012)

Topic: Montserrat0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Morocco14,850 sq km (2012)

Topic: Mozambique1,180 sq km (2012)

Topic: Namibia80 sq km (2012)

Topic: Nauru0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Nepal13,320 sq km (2012)

Topic: Netherlands4,860 sq km (2012)

Topic: New Caledonia100 sq km (2012)

Topic: New Zealand7,210 sq km (2012)

Topic: Nicaragua1,990 sq km (2012)

Topic: Niger1,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: Nigeria2,930 sq km (2012)

Topic: Niue0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Norfolk Island0 sq km (2012)

Topic: North Macedonia1,280 sq km (2012)

Topic: Northern Mariana Islands1 sq km (2012)

Topic: Norway900 sq km (2012)

Topic: Oman590 sq km (2012)

Topic: Pakistan202,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: Palau0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Panama321 sq km (2012)

Topic: Papua New Guinea0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Paracel Islands0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Paraguay1,362 sq km (2012)

Topic: Peru25,800 sq km (2012)

Topic: Philippines16,270 sq km (2012)

Topic: Pitcairn Islands0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Poland970 sq km (2012)

Topic: Portugal5,400 sq km (2012)

Topic: Puerto Rico220 sq km (2012)

Topic: Qatar130 sq km (2012)

Topic: Romania31,490 sq km (2012)

Topic: Russia43,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: Rwanda96 sq km (2012)

Topic: Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Saint Kitts and Nevis8 sq km (2012)

Topic: Saint Lucia30 sq km (2012)

Topic: Saint Pierre and Miquelon0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines10 sq km (2012)

Topic: Samoa0 sq km (2012)

Topic: San Marino0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Sao Tome and Principe100 sq km (2012)

Topic: Saudi Arabia16,200 sq km (2012)

Topic: Senegal1,200 sq km (2012)

Topic: Serbia950 sq km (2012)

Topic: Seychelles3 sq km (2012)

Topic: Sierra Leone300 sq km (2012)

Topic: Singapore0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Slovakia869 sq km (2012)

Topic: Slovenia60 sq km (2012)

Topic: Solomon Islands0 sq km (2012) NA

Topic: Somalia2,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: South Africa16,700 sq km (2012)

Topic: South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands0 sq km (2011)

Topic: South Sudan1,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: Spain38,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: Sri Lanka5,700 sq km (2012)

Topic: Sudan18,900 sq km (2012)

Topic: Suriname570 sq km (2012)

Topic: Sweden1,640 sq km (2012)

Topic: Switzerland630 sq km (2012)

Topic: Syria14,280 sq km (2012)

Topic: Taiwan3,820 sq km (2012)

Topic: Tajikistan7,420 sq km (2012)

Topic: Tanzania1,840 sq km (2012)

Topic: Thailand64,150 sq km (2012)

Topic: Timor-Leste350 sq km (2012)

Topic: Togo70 sq km (2012)

Topic: Tokelau0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Tonga0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Trinidad and Tobago70 sq km (2012)

Topic: Tunisia4,590 sq km (2012)

Topic: Turkey (Turkiye)52,150 sq km (2012)

Topic: Turkmenistan19,950 sq km (2012)

Topic: Turks and Caicos Islands0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Tuvalu0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Uganda140 sq km (2012)

Topic: Ukraine21,670 sq km (2012)

Topic: United Arab Emirates923 sq km (2012)

Topic: United Kingdom950 sq km (2012)

Topic: United States264,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: Uruguay2,380 sq km (2012)

Topic: Uzbekistan42,150 sq km (2012)

Topic: Vanuatu0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Venezuela10,550 sq km (2012)

Topic: Vietnam46,000 sq km (2012)

Topic: Virgin Islands1 sq km (2012)

Topic: Wake Island0 sq km (2012)

Topic: Wallis and Futuna0 sq km (2012)

Topic: West Bank(2012) 240 sq km; note - includes Gaza Strip

Topic: World3,242,917 sq km (2012 est.)

Topic: Yemen6,800 sq km (2012)

Topic: Zambia1,560 sq km (2012)

Topic: Zimbabwe1,740 sq km (2012)


Dependency ratios are a measure of the age structure of a population. They relate the number of individuals that are likely to be economically "dependent" on the support of others. Dependency ratios contrast the ratio of youths (ages 0-14) and the elderly (ages 65+) to the number of those in the working-age group (ages 15-64). Changes in the dependency ratio provide an indication of potential social support requirements resulting from changes in population age structures. As fertility levels decline, the dependency ratio initially falls because the proportion of youths decreases while the proportion of the population of working age increases. As fertility levels continue to decline, dependency ratios eventually increase because the proportion of the population of working age starts to decline and the proportion of elderly persons continues to increase.

total dependency ratio - The total dependency ratio is the ratio of combined youth population (ages 0-14) and elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high total dependency ratio indicates that the working-age population and the overall economy face a greater burden to support and provide social services for youth and elderly persons, who are often economically dependent.

youth dependency ratio - The youth dependency ratio is the ratio of the youth population (ages 0-14) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high youth dependency ratio indicates that a greater investment needs to be made in schooling and other services for children.

elderly dependency ratio - The elderly dependency ratio is the ratio of the elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). Increases in the elderly dependency ratio put added pressure on governments to fund pensions and healthcare.

potential support ratio - The potential support ratio is the number of working-age people (ages 15-64) per one elderly person (ages 65+). As a population ages, the potential support ratio tends to fall, meaning there are fewer potential workers to support the elderly.

Topic: Afghanistantotal dependency ratio: 88.8

youth dependency ratio: 75.3

elderly dependency ratio: 4.8

potential support ratio: 21 (2020 est.)

Topic: Akrotiritotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Albaniatotal dependency ratio: 46.9

youth dependency ratio: 25.3

elderly dependency ratio: 21.6

potential support ratio: 4.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Algeriatotal dependency ratio: 60.1

youth dependency ratio: 49.3

elderly dependency ratio: 10.8

potential support ratio: 9.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: American Samoatotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Andorratotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Angolatotal dependency ratio: 94.5

youth dependency ratio: 90.2

elderly dependency ratio: 4.3

potential support ratio: 23.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Anguillatotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Antigua and Barbudatotal dependency ratio: 45.3

youth dependency ratio: 31.8

elderly dependency ratio: 13.6

potential support ratio: 7.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Argentinatotal dependency ratio: 56.5

youth dependency ratio: 38.1

elderly dependency ratio: 17.7

potential support ratio: 5.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Armeniatotal dependency ratio: 48.4

youth dependency ratio: 30.9

elderly dependency ratio: 17.5

potential support ratio: 5.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Arubatotal dependency ratio: 47

youth dependency ratio: 25.6

elderly dependency ratio: 21.5

potential support ratio: 4.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Ashmore and Cartier Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Australiatotal dependency ratio: 55.1

youth dependency ratio: 29.9

elderly dependency ratio: 25.1

potential support ratio: 4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Austriatotal dependency ratio: 50.6

youth dependency ratio: 21.7

elderly dependency ratio: 28.9

potential support ratio: 3.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Azerbaijantotal dependency ratio: 43.4

youth dependency ratio: 33.7

elderly dependency ratio: 9.7

potential support ratio: 10.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bahamas, Thetotal dependency ratio: 41.5

youth dependency ratio: 30.6

elderly dependency ratio: 11

potential support ratio: 9.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bahraintotal dependency ratio: 26.5

youth dependency ratio: 23.1

elderly dependency ratio: 3.4

potential support ratio: 29.8 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bangladeshtotal dependency ratio: 47

youth dependency ratio: 39.3

elderly dependency ratio: 7.7

potential support ratio: 13 (2020 est.)

Topic: Barbadostotal dependency ratio: 50.3

youth dependency ratio: 25.2

elderly dependency ratio: 25.1

potential support ratio: 4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Belarustotal dependency ratio: 48.9

youth dependency ratio: 25.7

elderly dependency ratio: 23.2

potential support ratio: 4.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Belgiumtotal dependency ratio: 57

youth dependency ratio: 26.7

elderly dependency ratio: 30.2

potential support ratio: 3.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Belizetotal dependency ratio: 52

youth dependency ratio: 44.4

elderly dependency ratio: 7.6

potential support ratio: 13.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Benintotal dependency ratio: 82.6

youth dependency ratio: 76.6

elderly dependency ratio: 6

potential support ratio: 16.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bermudatotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Bhutantotal dependency ratio: 45.1

youth dependency ratio: 36.1

elderly dependency ratio: 9

potential support ratio: 11.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Boliviatotal dependency ratio: 60.5

youth dependency ratio: 48.5

elderly dependency ratio: 12

potential support ratio: 8.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bosnia and Herzegovinatotal dependency ratio: 48

youth dependency ratio: 21.5

elderly dependency ratio: 26.5

potential support ratio: 3.8 (2020 est.)

Topic: Botswanatotal dependency ratio: 61.1

youth dependency ratio: 53.8

elderly dependency ratio: 7.3

potential support ratio: 13.8 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bouvet Islandtotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Braziltotal dependency ratio: 43.5

youth dependency ratio: 29.7

elderly dependency ratio: 13.8

potential support ratio: 7.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: British Indian Ocean Territorytotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: British Virgin Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Bruneitotal dependency ratio: 38.7

youth dependency ratio: 31

elderly dependency ratio: 7.7

potential support ratio: 12.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bulgariatotal dependency ratio: 56.6

youth dependency ratio: 23

elderly dependency ratio: 33.6

potential support ratio: 3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Burkina Fasototal dependency ratio: 87.9

youth dependency ratio: 83.4

elderly dependency ratio: 4.5

potential support ratio: 22.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Burmatotal dependency ratio: 46.5

youth dependency ratio: 37.3

elderly dependency ratio: 9.1

potential support ratio: 10.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: Burunditotal dependency ratio: 91

youth dependency ratio: 86.4

elderly dependency ratio: 4.5

potential support ratio: 22 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cabo Verdetotal dependency ratio: 49

youth dependency ratio: 41.8

elderly dependency ratio: 7.1

potential support ratio: 14 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cambodiatotal dependency ratio: 55.7

youth dependency ratio: 48.2

elderly dependency ratio: 7.6

potential support ratio: 13.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cameroontotal dependency ratio: 81.1

youth dependency ratio: 76.2

elderly dependency ratio: 4.9

potential support ratio: 20.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Canadatotal dependency ratio: 51.2

youth dependency ratio: 23.9

elderly dependency ratio: 27.4

potential support ratio: 3.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cayman Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Central African Republictotal dependency ratio: 86.4

youth dependency ratio: 81.1

elderly dependency ratio: 5.2

potential support ratio: 19.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Chadtotal dependency ratio: 96

youth dependency ratio: 91.1

elderly dependency ratio: 4.9

potential support ratio: 20.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Chiletotal dependency ratio: 45.9

youth dependency ratio: 28.1

elderly dependency ratio: 17.9

potential support ratio: 5.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Chinatotal dependency ratio: 42.2

youth dependency ratio: 25.2

elderly dependency ratio: 17

potential support ratio: 5.9 (2020 est.)

note: data do not include Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan

Topic: Christmas Islandtotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Clipperton Islandtotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Cocos (Keeling) Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Colombiatotal dependency ratio: 45.4

youth dependency ratio: 32.3

elderly dependency ratio: 13.2

potential support ratio: 7.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Comorostotal dependency ratio: 75.5

youth dependency ratio: 67.4

elderly dependency ratio: 5.4

potential support ratio: 18.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Congo, Democratic Republic of thetotal dependency ratio: 95.4

youth dependency ratio: 89.5

elderly dependency ratio: 5.9

potential support ratio: 17 (2020 est.)

Topic: Congo, Republic of thetotal dependency ratio: 78.7

youth dependency ratio: 73.7

elderly dependency ratio: 4.9

potential support ratio: 20.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cook Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Coral Sea Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Costa Ricatotal dependency ratio: 45.1

youth dependency ratio: 30.2

elderly dependency ratio: 14.9

potential support ratio: 6.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cote d'Ivoiretotal dependency ratio: 79.8

youth dependency ratio: 74.6

elderly dependency ratio: 5.2

potential support ratio: 19.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Croatiatotal dependency ratio: 55.7

youth dependency ratio: 22.6

elderly dependency ratio: 33.1

potential support ratio: 3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cubatotal dependency ratio: 46.7

youth dependency ratio: 23.3

elderly dependency ratio: 23.3

potential support ratio: 4.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Curacaototal dependency ratio: 55.9

youth dependency ratio: 28.3

elderly dependency ratio: 27.5

potential support ratio: 3.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cyprustotal dependency ratio: 44.9

youth dependency ratio: 24

elderly dependency ratio: 20.9

potential support ratio: 4.8 (2020 est.)

note: data represent the whole country

Topic: Czechiatotal dependency ratio: 56

youth dependency ratio: 24.6

elderly dependency ratio: 31.4

potential support ratio: 3.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Denmarktotal dependency ratio: 57.3

youth dependency ratio: 25.6

elderly dependency ratio: 31.7

potential support ratio: 3.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Dhekeliatotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Djiboutitotal dependency ratio: 50.6

youth dependency ratio: 43.6

elderly dependency ratio: 7.1

potential support ratio: 14.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Dominicatotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Dominican Republictotal dependency ratio: 53.8

youth dependency ratio: 42.2

elderly dependency ratio: 11.6

potential support ratio: 8.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Ecuadortotal dependency ratio: 53.8

youth dependency ratio: 42.1

elderly dependency ratio: 11.7

potential support ratio: 8.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Egypttotal dependency ratio: 64.6

youth dependency ratio: 55.8

elderly dependency ratio: 8.8

potential support ratio: 11.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: El Salvadortotal dependency ratio: 54.4

youth dependency ratio: 41.1

elderly dependency ratio: 13.4

potential support ratio: 7.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Equatorial Guineatotal dependency ratio: 64.4

youth dependency ratio: 60.5

elderly dependency ratio: 3.9

potential support ratio: 25.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Eritreatotal dependency ratio: 83.9

youth dependency ratio: 75.6

elderly dependency ratio: 8.3

potential support ratio: 12.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Estoniatotal dependency ratio: 58.4

youth dependency ratio: 26.1

elderly dependency ratio: 32.3

potential support ratio: 3.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Eswatinitotal dependency ratio: 70.8

youth dependency ratio: 64

elderly dependency ratio: 6.9

potential support ratio: 14.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Ethiopiatotal dependency ratio: 76.8

youth dependency ratio: 70.6

elderly dependency ratio: 6.3

potential support ratio: 16 (2020 est.)

Topic: European Uniontotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)total dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Faroe Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Fijitotal dependency ratio: 53.4

youth dependency ratio: 44.5

elderly dependency ratio: 8.9

potential support ratio: 11.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Finlandtotal dependency ratio: 62.4

youth dependency ratio: 25.8

elderly dependency ratio: 36.6

potential support ratio: 2.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Francetotal dependency ratio: 62.4

youth dependency ratio: 28.7

elderly dependency ratio: 33.7

potential support ratio: 3 (2020 est.)

Topic: French Polynesiatotal dependency ratio: 45.5

youth dependency ratio: 32.3

elderly dependency ratio: 13.2

potential support ratio: 7.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: French Southern and Antarctic Landstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Gabontotal dependency ratio: 68.9

youth dependency ratio: 62.9

elderly dependency ratio: 6

potential support ratio: 16.8 (2020 est.)

Topic: Gambia, Thetotal dependency ratio: 86.9

youth dependency ratio: 82.1

elderly dependency ratio: 4.7

potential support ratio: 21.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Gaza Striptotal dependency ratio: 71.2

youth dependency ratio: 65.7

elderly dependency ratio: 5.5

potential support ratio: 18.2 (2020 est.)

note: data represent Gaza Strip and the West Bank

Topic: Georgiatotal dependency ratio: 55

youth dependency ratio: 31.3

elderly dependency ratio: 23.6

potential support ratio: 4.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Germanytotal dependency ratio: 55.4

youth dependency ratio: 21.7

elderly dependency ratio: 33.7

potential support ratio: 3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Ghanatotal dependency ratio: 67.4

youth dependency ratio: 62.2

elderly dependency ratio: 5.3

potential support ratio: 17.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Gibraltartotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Greecetotal dependency ratio: 56.1

youth dependency ratio: 21.3

elderly dependency ratio: 34.8

potential support ratio: 2.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: Greenlandtotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Grenadatotal dependency ratio: 50.5

youth dependency ratio: 35.8

elderly dependency ratio: 14.7

potential support ratio: 6.8 (2020 est.)

Topic: Guamtotal dependency ratio: 52.4

youth dependency ratio: 36.4

elderly dependency ratio: 16.1

potential support ratio: 6.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Guatemalatotal dependency ratio: 62.3

youth dependency ratio: 54.1

elderly dependency ratio: 8.2

potential support ratio: 12.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Guernseytotal dependency ratio: 49

youth dependency ratio: 22.3

elderly dependency ratio: 26.7

potential support ratio: 3.7 (2020 est.)

note: data represent Guernsey and Jersey

Topic: Guineatotal dependency ratio: 85.2

youth dependency ratio: 79.7

elderly dependency ratio: 5.5

potential support ratio: 18.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Guinea-Bissautotal dependency ratio: 81.2

youth dependency ratio: 76

elderly dependency ratio: 5.2

potential support ratio: 19.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Guyanatotal dependency ratio: 53.2

youth dependency ratio: 42.5

elderly dependency ratio: 10.7

potential support ratio: 9.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Haititotal dependency ratio: 60.4

youth dependency ratio: 52.1

elderly dependency ratio: 8.3

potential support ratio: 13.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Heard Island and McDonald Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Holy See (Vatican City)total dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Hondurastotal dependency ratio: 55.2

youth dependency ratio: 47.5

elderly dependency ratio: 7.7

potential support ratio: 13 (2020 est.)

Topic: Hong Kongtotal dependency ratio: 44.7

youth dependency ratio: 18.3

elderly dependency ratio: 26.3

potential support ratio: 3.8 (2020 est.)

Topic: Hungarytotal dependency ratio: 46.9

youth dependency ratio: 22

elderly dependency ratio: 30.8

potential support ratio: 3.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Icelandtotal dependency ratio: 54

youth dependency ratio: 29.9

elderly dependency ratio: 24.1

potential support ratio: 4.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Indiatotal dependency ratio: 48.7

youth dependency ratio: 38.9

elderly dependency ratio: 9.8

potential support ratio: 10.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Indonesiatotal dependency ratio: 47.5

youth dependency ratio: 38.3

elderly dependency ratio: 9.2

potential support ratio: 10.8 (2020 est.)

Topic: Irantotal dependency ratio: 45.6

youth dependency ratio: 36

elderly dependency ratio: 9.6

potential support ratio: 14.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Iraqtotal dependency ratio: 69.9

youth dependency ratio: 64.1

elderly dependency ratio: 5.9

potential support ratio: 17.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Irelandtotal dependency ratio: 54.8

youth dependency ratio: 32.3

elderly dependency ratio: 22.6

potential support ratio: 4.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Isle of Mantotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Israeltotal dependency ratio: 67.3

youth dependency ratio: 46.6

elderly dependency ratio: 20.8

potential support ratio: 4.8 (2020 est.)

Topic: Italytotal dependency ratio: 57

youth dependency ratio: 20.4

elderly dependency ratio: 36.6

potential support ratio: 2.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Jamaicatotal dependency ratio: 48

youth dependency ratio: 34.6

elderly dependency ratio: 13.4

potential support ratio: 7.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Jan Mayentotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Japantotal dependency ratio: 69

youth dependency ratio: 21

elderly dependency ratio: 48

potential support ratio: 2.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Jerseytotal dependency ratio: 49

youth dependency ratio: 22.3

elderly dependency ratio: 26.7

potential support ratio: 3.7 (2020 est.)

note: data represent Guernsey and Jersey

Topic: Jordantotal dependency ratio: 58.2

youth dependency ratio: 52

elderly dependency ratio: 6.3

potential support ratio: 16 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kazakhstantotal dependency ratio: 58.8

youth dependency ratio: 46.3

elderly dependency ratio: 12.6

potential support ratio: 8 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kenyatotal dependency ratio: 69.8

youth dependency ratio: 65.5

elderly dependency ratio: 4.3

potential support ratio: 23.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kiribatitotal dependency ratio: 67

youth dependency ratio: 60

elderly dependency ratio: 7

potential support ratio: 14.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Korea, Northtotal dependency ratio: 41.2

youth dependency ratio: 28

elderly dependency ratio: 13.2

potential support ratio: 7.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Korea, Southtotal dependency ratio: 39.5

youth dependency ratio: 17.5

elderly dependency ratio: 22

potential support ratio: 4.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kosovototal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Kuwaittotal dependency ratio: 32.4

youth dependency ratio: 28.4

elderly dependency ratio: 4

potential support ratio: 24.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kyrgyzstantotal dependency ratio: 59.7

youth dependency ratio: 52.1

elderly dependency ratio: 7.5

potential support ratio: 13.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Laostotal dependency ratio: 56.8

youth dependency ratio: 50.1

elderly dependency ratio: 6.7

potential support ratio: 15 (2020 est.)

Topic: Latviatotal dependency ratio: 59

youth dependency ratio: 26.1

elderly dependency ratio: 32.9

potential support ratio: 3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Lebanontotal dependency ratio: 48.4

youth dependency ratio: 37.2

elderly dependency ratio: 11.2

potential support ratio: 8.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: Lesothototal dependency ratio: 59.2

youth dependency ratio: 51.3

elderly dependency ratio: 7.9

potential support ratio: 12.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Liberiatotal dependency ratio: 77.6

youth dependency ratio: 71.7

elderly dependency ratio: 5.9

potential support ratio: 17 (2020 est.)

Topic: Libyatotal dependency ratio: 47.7

youth dependency ratio: 41

elderly dependency ratio: 6.7

potential support ratio: 15 (2020 est.)

Topic: Liechtensteintotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Lithuaniatotal dependency ratio: 56.5

youth dependency ratio: 24.2

elderly dependency ratio: 32.3

potential support ratio: 3.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Luxembourgtotal dependency ratio: 42.8

youth dependency ratio: 22.2

elderly dependency ratio: 20.5

potential support ratio: 4.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: Macautotal dependency ratio: 35.7

youth dependency ratio: 19.5

elderly dependency ratio: 16.2

potential support ratio: 6.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Madagascartotal dependency ratio: 75.9

youth dependency ratio: 70.5

elderly dependency ratio: 5.5

potential support ratio: 18.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Malawitotal dependency ratio: 83.9

youth dependency ratio: 79.1

elderly dependency ratio: 4.9

potential support ratio: 20.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Malaysiatotal dependency ratio: 44.2

youth dependency ratio: 33.8

elderly dependency ratio: 10.4

potential support ratio: 9.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Maldivestotal dependency ratio: 30.2

youth dependency ratio: 25.5

elderly dependency ratio: 4.7

potential support ratio: 21.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Malitotal dependency ratio: 98

youth dependency ratio: 93.1

elderly dependency ratio: 4.9

potential support ratio: 20.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Maltatotal dependency ratio: 55.5

youth dependency ratio: 22.4

elderly dependency ratio: 33.2

potential support ratio: 3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Marshall Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Mauritaniatotal dependency ratio: 75

youth dependency ratio: 69.5

elderly dependency ratio: 5.6

potential support ratio: 18 (2020 est.)

Topic: Mauritiustotal dependency ratio: 41.5

youth dependency ratio: 23.7

elderly dependency ratio: 17.7

potential support ratio: 5.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Mexicototal dependency ratio: 50.3

youth dependency ratio: 38.8

elderly dependency ratio: 11.4

potential support ratio: 8.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Micronesia, Federated States oftotal dependency ratio: 55.2

youth dependency ratio: 48.4

elderly dependency ratio: 6.8

potential support ratio: 14.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Moldovatotal dependency ratio: 39.6

youth dependency ratio: 22.2

elderly dependency ratio: 17.4

potential support ratio: 5.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Monacototal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Mongoliatotal dependency ratio: 54.8

youth dependency ratio: 48.1

elderly dependency ratio: 6.7

potential support ratio: 15 (2020 est.)

Topic: Montenegrototal dependency ratio: 51.1

youth dependency ratio: 27.3

elderly dependency ratio: 23.8

potential support ratio: 4.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Montserrattotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Moroccototal dependency ratio: 52.4

youth dependency ratio: 40.8

elderly dependency ratio: 11.6

potential support ratio: 8.6 (2020 est.)

note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Topic: Mozambiquetotal dependency ratio: 88.4

youth dependency ratio: 83

elderly dependency ratio: 5.4

potential support ratio: 18.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Namibiatotal dependency ratio: 67.9

youth dependency ratio: 61.8

elderly dependency ratio: 6

potential support ratio: 16.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Naurutotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Navassa Islandtotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Nepaltotal dependency ratio: 53

youth dependency ratio: 44.1

elderly dependency ratio: 8.9

potential support ratio: 11.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Netherlandstotal dependency ratio: 55.6

youth dependency ratio: 24.4

elderly dependency ratio: 31.2

potential support ratio: 3.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: New Caledoniatotal dependency ratio: 46.6

youth dependency ratio: 32.4

elderly dependency ratio: 14.2

potential support ratio: 7 (2020 est.)

Topic: New Zealandtotal dependency ratio: 55.8

youth dependency ratio: 30.3

elderly dependency ratio: 25.5

potential support ratio: 3.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: Nicaraguatotal dependency ratio: 54.3

youth dependency ratio: 45.5

elderly dependency ratio: 8.8

potential support ratio: 11.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Nigertotal dependency ratio: 109.5

youth dependency ratio: 104.1

elderly dependency ratio: 5.4

potential support ratio: 18.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Nigeriatotal dependency ratio: 86

youth dependency ratio: 80.9

elderly dependency ratio: 5.1

potential support ratio: 19.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Niuetotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Norfolk Islandtotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: North Macedoniatotal dependency ratio: 44.5

youth dependency ratio: 23.6

elderly dependency ratio: 20.9

potential support ratio: 4.8 (2020 est.)

Topic: Northern Mariana Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Norwaytotal dependency ratio: 53.3

youth dependency ratio: 26.5

elderly dependency ratio: 26.9

potential support ratio: 3.7 (2020 est.)

note: data include Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands

Topic: Omantotal dependency ratio: 33.3

youth dependency ratio: 30

elderly dependency ratio: 3.3

potential support ratio: 29.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: Pakistantotal dependency ratio: 64.4

youth dependency ratio: 57.2

elderly dependency ratio: 7.1

potential support ratio: 14 (2020 est.)

Topic: Palautotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Panamatotal dependency ratio: 53.9

youth dependency ratio: 40.8

elderly dependency ratio: 13.1

potential support ratio: 7.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Papua New Guineatotal dependency ratio: 63.2

youth dependency ratio: 57.4

elderly dependency ratio: 5.8

potential support ratio: 17.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Paracel Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Paraguaytotal dependency ratio: 55.5

youth dependency ratio: 49.9

elderly dependency ratio: 10.6

potential support ratio: 9.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Perutotal dependency ratio: 50.2

youth dependency ratio: 37.1

elderly dependency ratio: 13.1

potential support ratio: 7.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Philippinestotal dependency ratio: 55.2

youth dependency ratio: 46.6

elderly dependency ratio: 8.6

potential support ratio: 11.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Pitcairn Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Polandtotal dependency ratio: 51.4

youth dependency ratio: 23

elderly dependency ratio: 28.4

potential support ratio: 3.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Portugaltotal dependency ratio: 55.8

youth dependency ratio: 20.3

elderly dependency ratio: 35.5

potential support ratio: 2.8 (2020 est.)

Topic: Puerto Ricototal dependency ratio: 57.7

youth dependency ratio: 24.8

elderly dependency ratio: 32.8

potential support ratio: 3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Qatartotal dependency ratio: 18.1

youth dependency ratio: 16.1

elderly dependency ratio: 2

potential support ratio: 50.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Romaniatotal dependency ratio: 53.3

youth dependency ratio: 23.8

elderly dependency ratio: 29.5

potential support ratio: 3.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Russiatotal dependency ratio: 51.2

youth dependency ratio: 27.8

elderly dependency ratio: 23.5

potential support ratio: 4.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Rwandatotal dependency ratio: 74.2

youth dependency ratio: 68.8

elderly dependency ratio: 5.4

potential support ratio: 18.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Saint Barthelemytotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunhatotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Saint Kitts and Nevistotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Saint Luciatotal dependency ratio: 39.4

youth dependency ratio: 25

elderly dependency ratio: 14.4

potential support ratio: 7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Saint Martintotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Saint Pierre and Miquelontotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Saint Vincent and the Grenadinestotal dependency ratio: 46.7

youth dependency ratio: 32.1

elderly dependency ratio: 14.5

potential support ratio: 6.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: Samoatotal dependency ratio: 73.3

youth dependency ratio: 64.5

elderly dependency ratio: 8.8

potential support ratio: 11.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: San Marinototal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Sao Tome and Principetotal dependency ratio: 81

youth dependency ratio: 75.6

elderly dependency ratio: 5.4

potential support ratio: 18.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Saudi Arabiatotal dependency ratio: 39.3

youth dependency ratio: 34.4

elderly dependency ratio: 4.9

potential support ratio: 20.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Senegaltotal dependency ratio: 84.2

youth dependency ratio: 78.4

elderly dependency ratio: 5.7

potential support ratio: 17.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Serbiatotal dependency ratio: 52.5

youth dependency ratio: 23.4

elderly dependency ratio: 29.1

potential support ratio: 3.4 (2020 est.)

note: data include Kosovo

Topic: Seychellestotal dependency ratio: 46.7

youth dependency ratio: 34.9

elderly dependency ratio: 11.8

potential support ratio: 8.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Sierra Leonetotal dependency ratio: 76.3

youth dependency ratio: 71.1

elderly dependency ratio: 5.2

potential support ratio: 19.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Singaporetotal dependency ratio: 34.5

youth dependency ratio: 16.5

elderly dependency ratio: 18

potential support ratio: 5.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Sint Maartentotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Slovakiatotal dependency ratio: 47.6

youth dependency ratio: 23

elderly dependency ratio: 24.6

potential support ratio: 4.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Sloveniatotal dependency ratio: 55.9

youth dependency ratio: 23.6

elderly dependency ratio: 32.3

potential support ratio: 3.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Solomon Islandstotal dependency ratio: 77.6

youth dependency ratio: 71.1

elderly dependency ratio: 6.5

potential support ratio: 15.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Somaliatotal dependency ratio: 96.3

youth dependency ratio: 90.6

elderly dependency ratio: 5.7

potential support ratio: 17.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: South Africatotal dependency ratio: 52.2

youth dependency ratio: 43.8

elderly dependency ratio: 8.4

potential support ratio: 11.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: South Georgia and South Sandwich Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: South Sudantotal dependency ratio: 80.8

youth dependency ratio: 74.7

elderly dependency ratio: 6.1

potential support ratio: 16.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Spaintotal dependency ratio: 52.4

youth dependency ratio: 21.9

elderly dependency ratio: 30.4

potential support ratio: 3.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Spratly Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Sri Lankatotal dependency ratio: 53.7

youth dependency ratio: 36.4

elderly dependency ratio: 17.3

potential support ratio: 5.8 (2020 est.)

Topic: Sudantotal dependency ratio: 76.9

youth dependency ratio: 70.4

elderly dependency ratio: 6.5

potential support ratio: 15.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Surinametotal dependency ratio: 51.1

youth dependency ratio: 40.3

elderly dependency ratio: 10.8

potential support ratio: 9.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Svalbardtotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Swedentotal dependency ratio: 61.2

youth dependency ratio: 28.4

elderly dependency ratio: 32.8

potential support ratio: 3.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Switzerlandtotal dependency ratio: 51.6

youth dependency ratio: 22.7

elderly dependency ratio: 29

potential support ratio: 3.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Syriatotal dependency ratio: 55.4

youth dependency ratio: 47.8

elderly dependency ratio: 7.6

potential support ratio: 13.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Taiwantotal dependency ratio: 40

youth dependency ratio: 17.8

elderly dependency ratio: 22.2

potential support ratio: 4.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Tajikistantotal dependency ratio: 67.9

youth dependency ratio: 62.6

elderly dependency ratio: 5.3

potential support ratio: 18.7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Tanzaniatotal dependency ratio: 85.9

youth dependency ratio: 81

elderly dependency ratio: 4.9

potential support ratio: 20.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Thailandtotal dependency ratio: 41.9

youth dependency ratio: 23.5

elderly dependency ratio: 18.4

potential support ratio: 5.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Timor-Lestetotal dependency ratio: 90.3

youth dependency ratio: 83.7

elderly dependency ratio: 6.6

potential support ratio: 15.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Togototal dependency ratio: 77.1

youth dependency ratio: 72

elderly dependency ratio: 5.1

potential support ratio: 19.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Tokelautotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Tongatotal dependency ratio: 68.6

youth dependency ratio: 58.6

elderly dependency ratio: 10

potential support ratio: 10 (2020 est.)

Topic: Trinidad and Tobagototal dependency ratio: 46.1

youth dependency ratio: 29.3

elderly dependency ratio: 16.8

potential support ratio: 7.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Tunisiatotal dependency ratio: 49.6

youth dependency ratio: 36.3

elderly dependency ratio: 13.3

potential support ratio: 7.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Turkey (Turkiye)total dependency ratio: 49.1

youth dependency ratio: 35.7

elderly dependency ratio: 13.4

potential support ratio: 7.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Turkmenistantotal dependency ratio: 55.2

youth dependency ratio: 47.8

elderly dependency ratio: 7.4

potential support ratio: 13.5 (2020 est.)

Topic: Turks and Caicos Islandstotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Tuvalutotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Ugandatotal dependency ratio: 92.3

youth dependency ratio: 88.5

elderly dependency ratio: 3.8

potential support ratio: 26.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Ukrainetotal dependency ratio: 49.1

youth dependency ratio: 23.8

elderly dependency ratio: 25.3

potential support ratio: 4 (2020 est.)

note: data include Crimea

Topic: United Arab Emiratestotal dependency ratio: 19.2

youth dependency ratio: 17.7

elderly dependency ratio: 1.5

potential support ratio: 66.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: United Kingdomtotal dependency ratio: 57.1

youth dependency ratio: 27.8

elderly dependency ratio: 29.3

potential support ratio: 3.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: United Statestotal dependency ratio: 53.9

youth dependency ratio: 28.3

elderly dependency ratio: 25.6

potential support ratio: 3.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refugestotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Uruguaytotal dependency ratio: 54.9

youth dependency ratio: 31.5

elderly dependency ratio: 23.4

potential support ratio: 4.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Uzbekistantotal dependency ratio: 50.6

youth dependency ratio: 43.4

elderly dependency ratio: 7.2

potential support ratio: 13.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: Vanuatutotal dependency ratio: 72.5

youth dependency ratio: 66.2

elderly dependency ratio: 12.3

potential support ratio: 8.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Venezuelatotal dependency ratio: 54.4

youth dependency ratio: 42.1

elderly dependency ratio: 12.3

potential support ratio: 8.1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Vietnamtotal dependency ratio: 45.1

youth dependency ratio: 33.6

elderly dependency ratio: 11.4

potential support ratio: 8.8 (2020 est.)

Topic: Virgin Islandstotal dependency ratio: 66

youth dependency ratio: 32

elderly dependency ratio: 34

potential support ratio: 2.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: Wake Islandtotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: Wallis and Futunatotal dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA

Topic: West Banktotal dependency ratio: 71.2

youth dependency ratio: 65.7

elderly dependency ratio: 5.5

potential support ratio: 18.2 (2020 est.)

note: data represent Gaza Strip and the West Bank

Topic: Worldtotal dependency ratio: 53.3

youth dependency ratio: 39

elderly dependency ratio: 14.3

potential support ratio: 7 (2020 est.)

Topic: Yementotal dependency ratio: 71.7

youth dependency ratio: 66.7

elderly dependency ratio: 5

potential support ratio: 19.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: Zambiatotal dependency ratio: 85.7

youth dependency ratio: 81.7

elderly dependency ratio: 4

potential support ratio: 25.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Zimbabwetotal dependency ratio: 81.6

youth dependency ratio: 76.1

elderly dependency ratio: 5.5

potential support ratio: 18.3 (2020 est.)