US State Dept Travel Advisory: The US Department of State currently recommends US citizens DO NOT TRAVEL to Tonga due to COVID-19 and recent volcanic eruptions. Consult its website via the link below for updates to travel advisories and statements on safety, security, local laws and special circumstances in this country.

https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/traveladvisories/traveladvisories.html
Passport/Visa Requirements: US citizens should make sure their passport will not expire for at least 6 months after they enter the country even if they do not intend to stay that long. They should also make sure they have at least 1 blank page in their passport for any entry stamp that will be required. A visa is not required as long as the stay is less than 31 days.
US Embassy/Consulate: US does not have an embassy in Tonga; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Tonga; +(679) 331-4466; EMER: +(679) 772-8049; US Embassy Suva, Fiji, Kiribati, Nauru, Tonga, Tuvalu, 158 Princes Rd, Tamavua, Suva, Fiji Islands
Telephone Code: 676
Local Emergency Phone: 911
Vaccinations: See WHO recommendations

http://www.who.int/
Climate: Tropical; modified by trade winds; warm season (December to May), cool season (May to December)
Currency (Code): Pa'anga (TOP)
Electricity/Voltage/Plug Type(s): 240 V / 50 Hz / plug types(s): I

Major Languages: Tongan, English
Major Religions: Protestant 64.1%, Mormon 18.6%, Roman Catholic 14.2%
Time Difference: UTC+13 (18 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time); daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in November; ends second Sunday in January
Potable Water: Opt for bottled water
International Driving Permit: Suggested
Road Driving Side: Left
Tourist Destinations: Nuku'alofa; Ha'atafu Beach; Mapu'a 'a Vaea Blowholes; Pangaimotu Island
Major Sports: Rugby, soccer, American football, boxing
Cultural Practices: Being excessively loud in public is considered very rude.
Tipping Guidelines: Tipping in restaurants is not the norm for locals, but most tourists leave a little tip to waiters to show their appreciation. It is not customary to tip in hotels in Tonga.Please visit the following links to find further information about your desired destination.

World Health Organization (WHO) - To learn what vaccines and health precautions to take while visiting your destination.

US State Dept Travel Information - Overall information about foreign travel for US citizens.

To obtain an international driving permit (IDP). Only two organizations in the US issue IDPs:
American Automobile Association (AAA) and American Automobile Touring Alliance (AATA)

How to get help in an emergency?
Contact the nearest US embassy or consulate, or call one of these numbers:
from the US or Canada - 1-888-407-4747 or from Overseas - +1 202-501-4444

Page last updated: Tuesday, March 22, 2022


Topic: Introduction
Background: The French colony of Ubangi-Shari became the Central African Republic upon independence in 1960. After three tumultuous decades of misrule - mostly by military governments - civilian rule was established in 1993 but lasted only a decade. Peace agreements signed in 2017 and 2019 between the government and armed factions have had little effect and armed groups operate openly.The French colony of Ubangi-Shari became the Central African Republic upon independence in 1960. After three tumultuous decades of misrule - mostly by military governments - civilian rule was established in 1993 but lasted only a decade. Peace agreements signed in 2017 and 2019 between the government and armed factions have had little effect and armed groups operate openly.

Topic: Geography
Area: total: 622,984 sq km

land: 622,984 sq km

water: 0 sq km
Climate: tropical; hot, dry winters; mild to hot, wet summers
Natural resources: diamonds, uranium, timber, gold, oil, hydropower

Topic: People and Society
Population: 5,454,533 (2022 est.)
Ethnic groups: Baya 28.8%, Banda 22.9%, Mandjia 9.9%, Sara 7.9%, M'Baka-Bantu 7.9%, Arab-Fulani (Peul) 6%, Mbum 6%, Ngbanki 5.5%, Zande-Nzakara 3%, other Central African Republic ethnic groups 2%, non-Central African Republic ethnic groups .1% (2003 est.)
Languages: French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language), tribal languages
Religions: Christian 89%, Muslim 9%, folk religion 1%, unaffiliated 1% (2020 est.)
Population growth rate: 1.78% (2022 est.)

Topic: Government
Government type: presidential republic
Capital: name: Bangui
Executive branch: chief of state: President Faustin-Archange TOUADERA (since 30 March 2016; reelected 27 December 2020)

head of government: Prime Minister Felix MOLOUA (since 7 February 2022); note - Prime Minister Henri-Marie DONDRA resigned on 2 February 2022
Legislative branch: description: unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (140 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote with a second round if needed; members serve 5-year terms)

Topic: Economy
Economic overview: enormous natural resources; extreme poverty; weak public institutions and infrastructure; political and gender-based violence have led to displacement of roughly 25% of population; Bangui-Douala corridor blockade reduced activity and tax collection; strong agricultural performance offset COVID-19 downturnenormous natural resources; extreme poverty; weak public institutions and infrastructure; political and gender-based violence have led to displacement of roughly 25% of population; Bangui-Douala corridor blockade reduced activity and tax collection; strong agricultural performance offset COVID-19 downturn
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): $4.483 billion (2019 est.)
Real GDP per capita: $900 (2020 est.)
Agricultural products: cassava, yams, groundnuts, taro, bananas, sugar cane, beef, maize, plantains, milk
Industries: gold and diamond mining, logging, brewing, sugar refining
Exports: $113.7 million (2017 est.)
Exports - partners: China 41%, United Arab Emirates 19%, France 7% (2019)
Exports - commodities: lumber, gold, diamonds, sea vessels, cocoa paste (2019)
Imports: $393.1 million (2017 est.)
Imports - partners: India 18%, France 12%, United States 11%, China 9%, Netherlands 7%, Belgium 7%, Malta 6% (2019)
Imports - commodities: refined petroleum, packaged medicines, natural gas, broadcasting equipment, second-hand clothing (2019)Page last updated: Wednesday, May 11, 2022


US State Dept Travel Advisory: The US Department of State currently recommends US citizens RECONSIDER TRAVEL to the Marshall Islands due to COVID-19-related travel restrictions. Consult its website via the link below for updates to travel advisories and statements on safety, security, local laws and special circumstances in the Marshall Islands.

https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/traveladvisories/traveladvisories.html
Passport/Visa Requirements: US citizens should make sure their passport will not expire for at least 6 months after they enter the country even if they do not intend to stay that long. They should also make sure they have at least 1 blank page in their passport for any entry stamp that will be required. A visa is not required for US citizens.
US Embassy/Consulate: (692) 247-4011; EMER: (692)-455 8213; US Embassy Majuro, Mejen Weto, Ocean Side, Majuro, Marshall Islands; MAJConsular@state.gov;

https://mh.usembassy.gov/
Telephone Code: 692
Local Emergency Phone: Ambulance: 625, 4111; Police: 625, 8666
Vaccinations: Cholera vaccination is required for those travelling from an infected area. See WHO recommendations.

http://www.who.int/
Climate: Tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November; islands border typhoon belt
Currency (Code): US dollar is used (USD)
Electricity/Voltage/Plug Type(s): 120 V / 60 Hz / plug types(s): A, B

Major Languages: Marshallese; note: English, widely spoken as a second language
Major Religions: Protestant 80.5%, Roman Catholic 8.5%, Mormon 7%, Jehovah's Witness 1.7%
Time Difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Potable Water: Opt for bottled water
International Driving Permit: Suggested
Road Driving Side: Right
Tourist Destinations: Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site; Kwajalein Island; Alele Museum
Major Sports: Soccer, baseball, softball
Cultural Practices: The people of the Marshall Islands emphasize respect for their elders. Codes of respect and deference are important, and often Americans are considered haughty, brash, and irreverent.
Tipping Guidelines: Meals are generally inexpensive so tipping by rounding up is appropriate. Taxi drivers do not expect tips.Please visit the following links to find further information about your desired destination.

World Health Organization (WHO) - To learn what vaccines and health precautions to take while visiting your destination.

US State Dept Travel Information - Overall information about foreign travel for US citizens.

To obtain an international driving permit (IDP). Only two organizations in the US issue IDPs:
American Automobile Association (AAA) and American Automobile Touring Alliance (AATA)

How to get help in an emergency?
Contact the nearest US embassy or consulate, or call one of these numbers:
from the US or Canada - 1-888-407-4747 or from Overseas - +1 202-501-4444

Page last updated: Tuesday, March 22, 2022


This entry gives the total number of mobile cellular telephone subscribers, as well as the number of subscriptions per 100 inhabitants. Note that because of the ubiquity of mobile phone use in developed countries, the number of subscriptions per 100 inhabitants can exceed 100.

Topic: Afghanistantotal subscriptions: 22,678,024 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 58 (2020 est.)

Topic: Albaniatotal subscriptions: 2,618,880 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 91 (2020 est.)

Topic: Algeriatotal subscriptions: 45,555,673 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 104 (2020 est.)

Topic: American Samoatotal subscriptions: 2,250 (2009 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2009 est.)

Topic: Andorratotal subscriptions: 94,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 122 (2020 est.)

Topic: Angolatotal subscriptions: 14,645,050 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 45 (2020 est.)

Topic: Anguillatotal subscriptions: 26,000 (2018 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 182 (2018 est.)

Topic: Antigua and Barbudatotal subscriptions: 184,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 188 (2020 est.)

Topic: Argentinatotal subscriptions: 54,763,900 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 121 (2020 est.)

Topic: Armeniatotal subscriptions: 3,488,797 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 118 (2020 est.)

Topic: Arubatotal subscriptions: 141,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 132 (2020 est.)

Topic: Australiatotal subscriptions: 27.453 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 108 (2020 est.)

Topic: Austriatotal subscriptions: 10,717,445 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 119 (2020 est.)

Topic: Azerbaijantotal subscriptions: 10,344,300 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 102 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bahamas, Thetotal subscriptions: 466,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 119 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bahraintotal subscriptions: 1,748,672 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 103 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bangladeshtotal subscriptions: 176,279,465 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 107 (2020 est.)

Topic: Barbadostotal subscriptions: 295,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 103 (2020 est.)

Topic: Belarustotal subscriptions: 11,704,084 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 124 (2020 est.)

Topic: Belgiumtotal subscriptions: 11,529,728 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 99 (2020 est.)

Topic: Belizetotal subscriptions: 264,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 66 (2020 est.)

Topic: Benintotal subscriptions: 11,140,891 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 92 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bermudatotal subscriptions: 68,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 109 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bhutantotal subscriptions: 745,137 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 97 (2020 est.)

Topic: Boliviatotal subscriptions: 11,804,343 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 101 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bosnia and Herzegovinatotal subscriptions: 3,509,674 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 107 (2020 est.)

Topic: Botswanatotal subscriptions: 3,829,408 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 163 (2020 est.)

Topic: Braziltotal subscriptions: 205,834,781 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 97 (2020 est.)

Topic: British Virgin Islandstotal subscriptions: 35,163 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 116 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bruneitotal subscriptions: 526,589 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 123 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bulgariatotal subscriptions: 7,945,739 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 114 (2020 est.)

Topic: Burkina Fasototal subscriptions: 22,117,218 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 106 (2020 est.)

Topic: Burmatotal subscriptions: 78,548,329 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 144 (2020 est.)

Topic: Burunditotal subscriptions: 6,631,151 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 56 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cabo Verdetotal subscriptions: 544,729 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 98 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cambodiatotal subscriptions: 21,086,791 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 126 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cameroontotal subscriptions: 22,350,310 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 84 (2020 est.)

Topic: Canadatotal subscriptions: 32.36 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 86 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cayman Islandstotal subscriptions: 100,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 152 (2020 est.)

Topic: Central African Republictotal subscriptions: 1.831 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 38 (2020 est.)

Topic: Chadtotal subscriptions: 8,687,151 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 53 (2020 est.)

Topic: Chiletotal subscriptions: 25,068,249 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 131 (2020 est.)

Topic: Chinatotal subscriptions: 1.72 billion (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 119 (2020 est.)

Topic: Colombiatotal subscriptions: 67,672,570 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 133 (2020 est.)

Topic: Comorostotal subscriptions: 781,579 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 90 (2020 est.)

Topic: Congo, Democratic Republic of thetotal subscriptions: 40,798,396 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 46 (2020 est.)

Topic: Congo, Republic of thetotal subscriptions: 4.89 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 89 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cook Islandstotal subscriptions: 14,539 (2018 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 83 (2018 est.)

Topic: Costa Ricatotal subscriptions: 7,512,370 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 147 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cote d'Ivoiretotal subscriptions: 40,095,246 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 152 (2020 est.)

Topic: Croatiatotal subscriptions: 4,375,699 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 107 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cubatotal subscriptions: 6,661,763 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 59 (2020 est.)

Topic: Curacaototal subscriptions: 182,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 111 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cyprustotal subscriptions: 1,239,960 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 140 (2020 est.)

Topic: Czechiatotal subscriptions: 12,999,812 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 121 (2020 est.)

Topic: Denmarktotal subscriptions: 7,252,675 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 125 (2020 est.)

Topic: Djiboutitotal subscriptions: 434,035 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 44 (2020 est.)

Topic: Dominicatotal subscriptions: 76,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 106 (2020 est.)

Topic: Dominican Republictotal subscriptions: 8,989,587 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 83 (2020 est.)

Topic: Ecuadortotal subscriptions: 15,485,366 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 88 (2020 est.)

Topic: Egypttotal subscriptions: 95,357,427 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 93 (2020 est.)

Topic: El Salvadortotal subscriptions: 9.949 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 153 (2020 est.)

Topic: Equatorial Guineatotal subscriptions: 645,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 46 (2020 est.)

Topic: Eritreatotal subscriptions: 1.801 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 51 (2020 est.)

Topic: Estoniatotal subscriptions: 1,925,789 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 145 (2020 est.)

Topic: Eswatinitotal subscriptions: 1.243 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 107 (2020 est.)

Topic: Ethiopiatotal subscriptions: 44.5 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 39 (2020 est.)

Topic: European Uniontotal subscriptions: 540,557,924 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 121 (2020 est.)

Topic: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)total subscriptions: 5,000 (2018 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 163 (2018 est.)

Topic: Faroe Islandstotal subscriptions: 59,213 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 121 (2020 est.)

Topic: Fijitotal subscriptions: 991,500 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 111 (2020 est.)

Topic: Finlandtotal subscriptions: 7.12 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 129 (2020 est.)

Topic: Francetotal subscriptions: 72.751 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 111 (2020 est.)

Topic: French Polynesiatotal subscriptions: 335,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 119 (2020 est.)

Topic: Gabontotal subscriptions: 3,049,530 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 137 (2020 est.)

Topic: Gambia, Thetotal subscriptions: 2,677,954 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 111 (2020 est.)

Topic: Gaza Striptotal subscriptions: 4,274,119 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 84 (2020 est.)

includes the West Bank

Topic: Georgiatotal subscriptions: 5,100,101 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 128 (2020 est.)

Topic: Germanytotal subscriptions: 107.4 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 128 (2020 est.)

Topic: Ghanatotal subscriptions: 40,461,609 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 130 (2020 est.)

Topic: Gibraltartotal subscriptions: 35,438 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 105 (2020 est.)

Topic: Greecetotal subscriptions: 11,412,995 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 109 (2020 est.)

Topic: Greenlandtotal subscriptions: 65,958 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 116 (2020 est.)

Topic: Grenadatotal subscriptions: 122,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 108 (2020 est.)

Topic: Guamtotal subscriptions: 98,000 (2009 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 62 (2009 est.)

Topic: Guatemalatotal subscriptions: 20,390,671 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 114 (2020 est.)

Topic: Guernseytotal subscriptions: 43,824 (2009 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 79 (2009 est.)

Topic: Guineatotal subscriptions: 13.795 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 105 (2020 est.)

Topic: Guinea-Bissautotal subscriptions: 1,913,858 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 97 (2020 est.)

Topic: Guyanatotal subscriptions: 856,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 109 (2020 est.)

Topic: Haititotal subscriptions: 7.319 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 64 (2020 est.)

Topic: Hondurastotal subscriptions: 6,960,654 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 70 (2020 est.)

Topic: Hong Kongtotal subscriptions: 21,865,215 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 292 (2020 est.)

Topic: Hungarytotal subscriptions: 10,332,660 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 107 (2020 est.)

Topic: Icelandtotal subscriptions: 421,384 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 123 (2020 est.)

Topic: Indiatotal subscriptions: 1.15 billion (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 84 (2020 est.)

Topic: Indonesiatotal subscriptions: 355,620,388 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 130 (2020 est.)

Topic: Irantotal subscriptions: 127,624,951 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 152 (2020 est.)

Topic: Iraqtotal subscriptions: 37,475,325 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 93 (2020 est.)

Topic: Irelandtotal subscriptions: 5,234,027 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 106 (2020 est.)

Topic: Israeltotal subscriptions: 12.27 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 142 (2020 est.)

Topic: Italytotal subscriptions: 77,581,048 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 128 (2020 est.)

Topic: Jamaicatotal subscriptions: 2,873,259 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 97 (2020 est.)

Topic: Japantotal subscriptions: 195,054,893 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 154 (2020 est.)

Topic: Jerseytotal subscriptions: 83,900 (2009 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 95 (2009 est.)

Topic: Jordantotal subscriptions: 6,987,891 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 68 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kazakhstantotal subscriptions: 24,293,900 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 129 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kenyatotal subscriptions: 61,408,904 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 114 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kiribatitotal subscriptions: 54,661 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 46 (2020 est.)

Topic: Korea, Northtotal subscriptions: 6 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 23 (2020 est.)

Topic: Korea, Southtotal subscriptions: 70,513,676 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 138 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kosovototal subscriptions: 562,000 (2015 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 32 (2015 est.)

Topic: Kuwaittotal subscriptions: 6,770,346 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 159 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kyrgyzstantotal subscriptions: 8.511 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 130 (2020 est.)

Topic: Laostotal subscriptions: 4.1 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 56 (2020 est.)

Topic: Latviatotal subscriptions: 2,051,359 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 109 (2020 est.)

Topic: Lebanontotal subscriptions: 4,288,221 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 63 (2020 est.)

Topic: Lesothototal subscriptions: 1,562,648 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 73 (2020 est.)

Topic: Liberiatotal subscriptions: 1.653 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33 (2020 est.)

Topic: Libyatotal subscriptions: 2.922 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 43 (2020 est.)

Topic: Liechtensteintotal subscriptions: 48,887 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 128 (2020 est.)

Topic: Lithuaniatotal subscriptions: 3,671,995 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 135 (2020 est.)

Topic: Luxembourgtotal subscriptions: 890,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 142 (2020 est.)

Topic: Macautotal subscriptions: 2.793 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 430 (2020 est.)

Topic: Madagascartotal subscriptions: 15.869 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 57 (2020 est.)

Topic: Malawitotal subscriptions: 10,004,680 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 52 (2020 est.)

Topic: Malaysiatotal subscriptions: 43,723,600 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 135 (2020 est.)

Topic: Maldivestotal subscriptions: 717,708 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 133 (2020 est.)

Topic: Malitotal subscriptions: 25,315,598 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 125 (2020 est.)

Topic: Maltatotal subscriptions: 633,123 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 143 (2020 est.)

Topic: Marshall Islandstotal subscriptions: 16,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 27 (2020 est.)

Topic: Mauritaniatotal subscriptions: 4,932,571 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 106 (2020 est.)

Topic: Mauritiustotal subscriptions: 1,912,900 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 150 (2020 est.)

Topic: Mexicototal subscriptions: 122,898,392 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 95 (2020 est.)

Topic: Micronesia, Federated States oftotal subscriptions: 22,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 19 (2020 est.)

Topic: Moldovatotal subscriptions: 3,420,383 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 85 (2020 est.)

Topic: Monacototal subscriptions: 35,485 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 90 (2020 est.)

Topic: Mongoliatotal subscriptions: 4,363,919 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 133 (2020 est.)

Topic: Montenegrototal subscriptions: 1,080,089 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 172 (2020 est.)

Topic: Montserrattotal subscriptions: 5,000 (2018 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 101 (2019 est.)

Topic: Moroccototal subscriptions: 49,421,023 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 134 (2020 est.)

Topic: Mozambiquetotal subscriptions: 15,463,226 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 49 (2020 est.)

Topic: Namibiatotal subscriptions: 2,898,125 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 114 (2020 est.)

Topic: Naurutotal subscriptions: 10,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 92 (2020 est.)

Topic: Nepaltotal subscriptions: 38.213 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 131 (2020 est.)

Topic: Netherlandstotal subscriptions: 21.415 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 125 (2020 est.)

Topic: New Caledoniatotal subscriptions: 260,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 91 (2020 est.)

Topic: New Zealandtotal subscriptions: 6.148 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 127 (2020 est.)

Topic: Nicaraguatotal subscriptions: 5,976,479 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 90 (2020 est.)

Topic: Nigertotal subscriptions: 14.239 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 59 (2020 est.)

Topic: Nigeriatotal subscriptions: 204,228,678 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 99 (2020 est.)

Topic: North Macedoniatotal subscriptions: 1,862,138 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 89 (2020 est.)

Topic: Northern Mariana Islandstotal subscriptions: 20,474 (2004 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 36 (2004)

Topic: Norwaytotal subscriptions: 5,825,584 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 107 (2020 est.)

Topic: Omantotal subscriptions: 6,276,535 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 134 (2020 est.)

Topic: Pakistantotal subscriptions: 175,624,364 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 80 (2020 est.)

Topic: Palautotal subscriptions: 24,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 133 (2020 est.)

Topic: Panamatotal subscriptions: 5,825,677 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 135 (2020 est.)

Topic: Papua New Guineatotal subscriptions: 4.818 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 54 (2020 est.)

Topic: Paraguaytotal subscriptions: 7,865,050 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 110 (2020 est.)

Topic: Perutotal subscriptions: 44 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 133 (2020 est.)

Topic: Philippinestotal subscriptions: 149,579,406 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 137 (2020 est.)

Topic: Polandtotal subscriptions: 49,350,724 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 130 (2020 est.)

Topic: Portugaltotal subscriptions: 11,854,999 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 116 (2020 est.)

Topic: Puerto Ricototal subscriptions: 3,483,570 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 122 (2020 est.)

Topic: Qatartotal subscriptions: 3,798,514 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 132 (2020 est.)

Topic: Romaniatotal subscriptions: 22.592 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 117 (2020 est.)

Topic: Russiatotal subscriptions: 238,733,217 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 164 (2020 est.)

Topic: Rwandatotal subscriptions: 10,614,408 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 82 (2020 est.)

Topic: Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunhatotal subscriptions: 4,000 (2018 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 67 (2019 est.)

Topic: Saint Kitts and Nevistotal subscriptions: 78,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 147 (2020 est.)

Topic: Saint Luciatotal subscriptions: 203,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 111 (2020 est.)

Topic: Saint Martintotal subscriptions: 68,840 (2017 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 196 (2019 est.)

Topic: Saint Vincent and the Grenadinestotal subscriptions: 97,059 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 87 (2020 est.)

Topic: Samoatotal subscriptions: 69,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 35 (2020 est.)

Topic: San Marinototal subscriptions: 39,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 115 (2020 est.)

Topic: Sao Tome and Principetotal subscriptions: 174,203 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 79 (2020 est.)

Topic: Saudi Arabiatotal subscriptions: 43,215,439 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 124 (2020 est.)

Topic: Senegaltotal subscriptions: 19,078,948 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 114 (2020 est.)

Topic: Serbiatotal subscriptions: 8,260,758 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 120 (2020 est.)

Topic: Seychellestotal subscriptions: 183,498 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 187 (2020)

Topic: Sierra Leonetotal subscriptions: 6,884,201 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 86 (2020 est.)

Topic: Singaporetotal subscriptions: 9,034,300 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 156 (2019)

Topic: Sint Maartentotal subscriptions: 68,840 (2017)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 195.94 (2019)

Topic: Slovakiatotal subscriptions: 7,399,530 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 135.6 (2019)

Topic: Sloveniatotal subscriptions: 2,511,980 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 120.85 (2019)

Topic: Solomon Islandstotal subscriptions: 478,116 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 71 (2019)

Topic: Somaliatotal subscriptions: 7.119 million (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 48.8 (2019)

Topic: South Africatotal subscriptions: 96,972,500 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 165.6 (2019)

Topic: South Sudantotal subscriptions: 2,221,970 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 20.09 (2019)

Topic: Spaintotal subscriptions: 55,354,900 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 118.44 (2019)

Topic: Sri Lankatotal subscriptions: 30,778,600 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 144 (2019)

Topic: Sudantotal subscriptions: 33,014,200 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 77.11 (2019)

Topic: Surinametotal subscriptions: 813,844 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 139.99 (2019)

Topic: Swedentotal subscriptions: 12,895,900 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 128.49 (2019)

Topic: Switzerlandtotal subscriptions: 10.829 million (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 126.05 (2019)

Topic: Syriatotal subscriptions: 19,387,600 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 113.58 (2019)

Topic: Taiwantotal subscriptions: 29,291,500 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 123.21 (2019)

Topic: Tajikistantotal subscriptions: 9.904 million (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 111.53 (2019)

Topic: Tanzaniatotal subscriptions: 47,685,200 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 82.21 (2019)

Topic: Thailandtotal subscriptions: 129.614 million (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 186.16 (2019)

Topic: Timor-Lestetotal subscriptions: 1,425,260 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 110.22 (2019)

Topic: Togototal subscriptions: 6,239,180 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 77.2 (2019)

Topic: Tongatotal subscriptions: 62,104 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 59.43 (2019)

Topic: Trinidad and Tobagototal subscriptions: 2,163,730 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 155.11 (2019)

Topic: Tunisiatotal subscriptions: 14.771 million (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 126.31 (2019)

Topic: Turkey (Turkiye)total subscriptions: 80,790,900 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 96.84 (2019)

Topic: Turkmenistantotal subscriptions: 9.377 million (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 162.86 (2019)

Topic: Tuvalutotal subscriptions: 8,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 70.36 (2019)

Topic: Ugandatotal subscriptions: 25,395,500 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 57.37 (2019)

Topic: Ukrainetotal subscriptions: 54,842,900 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 130.63 (2019)

Topic: United Arab Emiratestotal subscriptions: 19,602,800 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 200.63 (2019)

Topic: United Kingdomtotal subscriptions: 80.967 million (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 119.9 (2019)

Topic: United Statestotal subscriptions: 442.457 million (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 134.46 (2019)

Topic: Uruguaytotal subscriptions: 4,779,790 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 138.08 (2019)

Topic: Uzbekistantotal subscriptions: 33.387 million (2022)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 100 (2022)

Topic: Vanuatutotal subscriptions: 265,219 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 88.44 (2019)

Topic: Venezuelatotal subscriptions: 13,476,300 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47.26 (2019)

Topic: Vietnamtotal subscriptions: 136.23 million (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 141.23 (2019)

Topic: Virgin Islandstotal subscriptions: 59,121 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 204.5 (2019)

Topic: Wallis and Futunatotal subscriptions: 0 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0 (2019)

Topic: West Banktotal subscriptions: 4,274,119 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 84 (2020 est.)

note: includes Gaza Strip

Topic: Worldtotal subscriptions: 7.8 billion (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 106 (2020 est.)

Topic: Yementotal subscriptions: 15,357,900 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 55.18 (2019)

Topic: Zambiatotal subscriptions: 17,220,600 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 96.41 (2019)

Topic: Zimbabwetotal subscriptions: 13,195,900 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 90.1 (2019)


Topic: Introduction
Background: During the late 18th and 19th centuries, the principality of Gorkha united many other principalities and states of the sub-Himalayan region into a Nepali Kingdom. Nepal retained its independence following the Anglo-Nepalese War of 1814-16 and the subsequent peace treaty laid the foundations for two centuries of amicable relations between Britain and Nepal. In 1990 a multiparty democracy within the framework of a constitutional monarchy was established.During the late 18th and 19th centuries, the principality of Gorkha united many other principalities and states of the sub-Himalayan region into a Nepali Kingdom. Nepal retained its independence following the Anglo-Nepalese War of 1814-16 and the subsequent peace treaty laid the foundations for two centuries of amicable relations between Britain and Nepal. In 1990 a multiparty democracy within the framework of a constitutional monarchy was established.

Topic: Geography
Area: total: 147,181 sq km

land: 143,351 sq km

water: 3,830 sq km
Climate: varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south
Natural resources: quartz, water, timber, hydropower, scenic beauty, small deposits of lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore

Topic: People and Society
Population: 30,666,598 (2022 est.)
Ethnic groups: Chhettri 16.6%, Brahman-Hill 12.2%, Magar 7.1%, Tharu 6.6%, Tamang 5.8%, Newar 5%, Kami 4.8%, Muslim 4.4%, Yadav 4%, Rai 2.3%, Gurung 2%, Damai/Dholii 1.8%, Thakuri 1.6%, Limbu 1.5%, Sarki 1.4%, Teli 1.4%, Chamar/Harijan/Ram 1.3%, Koiri/Kushwaha 1.2%, other 19% (2011 est.)
Languages: Nepali (official) 44.6%, Maithali 11.7%, Bhojpuri 6%, Tharu 5.8%, Tamang 5.1%, Newar 3.2%, Bajjika 3%, Magar 3%, Doteli 3%, Urdu 2.6%, Avadhi 1.9%, Limbu 1.3%, Gurung 1.2%, Baitadeli 1%, other 6.4%, unspecified 0.2%; note - 123 languages reported as mother tongue in 2011 national census; many in government and business also speak English (2011 est.)
Religions: Hindu 81.3%, Buddhist 9%, Muslim 4.4%, Kirant 3.1%, Christian 1.4%, other 0.5%, unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.78% (2022 est.)

Topic: Government
Government type: federal parliamentary republic
Capital: name: Kathmandu
Executive branch: chief of state: President Bidhya Devi BHANDARI (since 29 October 2015); Vice President Nanda Bahadar PUN (since 31 October 2015)

head of government: Prime Minister Sher Bahadur DEUBA (since 13 July 2021); deputy prime ministers Ishwar POKHREL, Upendra YADAV (since 1 June 2018) (an)
Legislative branch: description: bicameral Federal Parliament consists of:
National Assembly (59 seats; 56 members, including at least 3 women, 1 Dalit, 1 member with disabilities, or 1 minority indirectly elected by an electoral college of state and municipal government leaders, and 3 members, including 1 woman, nominated by the president of Nepal on the recommendation of the government; members serve 6-year terms with renewal of one-third of the membership every 2 years)
House of Representatives (275 seats; 165 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 110 members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by closed-list proportional representation vote, with a threshold of 3% overall valid vote to be allocated a seat; members serve 5-year terms); note - the House of Representatives was dissolved on 22 May 2021, but on 13 July, the Supreme Court directed its reinstatement

Topic: Economy
Economic overview: low-income South Asian economy; post-conflict fiscal federalism increasing stability; COVID-19 hurt trade and tourism; widening current account deficits; environmentally fragile economy from earthquakes; growing Chinese relations and investmentslow-income South Asian economy; post-conflict fiscal federalism increasing stability; COVID-19 hurt trade and tourism; widening current account deficits; environmentally fragile economy from earthquakes; growing Chinese relations and investments
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): $110.72 billion (2020 est.)
Real GDP per capita: $3,800 (2020 est.)
Agricultural products: rice, vegetables, sugar cane, potatoes, maize, wheat, buffalo milk, milk, fruit, mangoes/guavas
Industries: tourism, carpets, textiles; small rice, jute, sugar, and oilseed mills; cigarettes, cement and brick production
Exports: $1.79 billion (2020 est.)
Exports - partners: India 68%, United States 10% (2019)
Exports - commodities: palm oil, clothing and apparel, carpets, soybean oil, flavored water (2019)
Imports: $10.68 billion (2020 est.)
Imports - partners: India 70%, China 15% (2019)
Imports - commodities: refined petroleum, iron, broadcasting equipment, natural gas, rice (2019)Page last updated: Friday, May 13, 2022


This entry gives the total length of the road network and includes the length of the paved and unpaved portions.

Topic: Afghanistantotal: 34,903 km (2017)

paved: 17,903 km (2017)

unpaved: 17,000 km (2017)

Topic: Albaniatotal: 3,945 km (2018)

Topic: Algeriatotal: 104,000 km (2015)

paved: 71,656 km (2015)

unpaved: 32,344 km (2015)

Topic: American Samoatotal: 241 km (2016)

Topic: Andorratotal: 320 km (2019)

Topic: Angolatotal: 26,000 km (2018)

paved: 13,600 km (2018)

unpaved: 12,400 km (2018)

Topic: Anguillatotal: 175 km (2004)

paved: 82 km (2004)

unpaved: 93 km (2004)

Topic: Antigua and Barbudatotal: 1,170 km (2011)

paved: 386 km (2011)

unpaved: 784 km (2011)

Topic: Argentinatotal: 281,290 km (2017)

paved: 117,616 km (2017)

unpaved: 163,674 km (2017)

Topic: Armeniatotal: 7,700 km (2019)

urban: 3,780 km

non-urban: 3,920 km

Topic: Arubatotal: 1,000 km (2010)

Topic: Australiatotal: 873,573 km (2015)

urban: 145,928 km (2015)

non-urban: 727,645 km (2015)

Topic: Austriatotal: 137,039 km (2018)

paved: 137,039 km (2018) (includes 2,232 km of expressways)

Topic: Azerbaijantotal: 24,981 km (2013)

note: total roadway length has increased significantly and continues to grow due to the recovery of Armenian-held territories and related reconstruction efforts, respectively; no updated figure is currently available

Topic: Bahamas, Thetotal: 2,700 km (2011)

paved: 1,620 km (2011)

unpaved: 1,080 km (2011)

Topic: Bahraintotal: 4,122 km (2010)

paved: 3,392 km (2010)

unpaved: 730 km (2010)

Topic: Bangladeshtotal: 369,105 km (2018)

paved: 110,311 km (2018)

unpaved: 258,794 km (2018)

Topic: Barbadostotal: 1,700 km (2015)

paved: 1,700 km (2015)

Topic: Belarustotal: 86,600 km (2017)

Topic: Belgiumtotal: 118,414 km (2015)

paved: 118,414 km (2015) (includes 1,747 km of expressways)

Topic: Belizetotal: 3,281 km (2017)

paved: 601 km (2017)

unpaved: 2,680 km (2017)

Topic: Benintotal: 16,000 km (2006)

paved: 1,400 km (2006)

unpaved: 14,600 km (2006)

Topic: Bermudatotal: 447 km (2010)

paved: 447 km (2010)

note: 225 km public roads; 222 km private roads

Topic: Bhutantotal: 12,205 km (2017)

urban: 437 km (2017)

Topic: Boliviatotal: 90,568 km (2017)

paved: 9,792 km (2017)

unpaved: 80,776 km (2017)

Topic: Bosnia and Herzegovinatotal: 22,926 km (2010)

paved: 19,426 km (2010) (4,652 km of interurban roads)

unpaved: 3,500 km (2010)

Topic: Botswanatotal: 31,747 km (2017)

paved: 9,810 km (2017)

unpaved: 21,937 km (2017)

Topic: Braziltotal: 2 million km (2018)

paved: 246,000 km (2018)

unpaved: 1.754 million km (2018)

Topic: British Indian Ocean Territorynote: short section of paved road between port and airfield on Diego Garcianote: short section of paved road between port and airfield on Diego Garcia

Topic: British Virgin Islandstotal: 200 km (2007)

paved: 200 km (2007)

Topic: Bruneitotal: 2,976 km (2014)

paved: 2,559 km (2014)

unpaved: 417 km (2014)

Topic: Bulgariatotal: 19,512 km (2011)

paved: 19,235 km (2011) (includes 458 km of expressways)

unpaved: 277 km (2011)

note: does not include Category IV local roads

Topic: Burkina Fasototal: 15,304 km (2014)

paved: 3,642 km (2014)

unpaved: 11,662 km (2014)

Topic: Burmatotal: 157,000 km (2013)

paved: 34,700 km (2013)

unpaved: 122,300 km (2013)

Topic: Burunditotal: 12,322 km (2016)

paved: 1,500 km (2016)

unpaved: 10,822 km (2016)

Topic: Cabo Verdetotal: 1,350 km (2013)

paved: 932 km (2013)

unpaved: 418 km (2013)

Topic: Cambodiatotal: 47,263 km (2013)

paved: 12,239 km (2013)

unpaved: 35,024 km (2013)

Topic: Cameroontotal: 77,589 km (2016)

paved: 5,133 km (2016)

unpaved: 72,456 km (2016)

Topic: Canadatotal: 1,042,300 km (2011)

paved: 415,600 km (2011) (includes 17,000 km of expressways)

unpaved: 626,700 km (2011)

Topic: Cayman Islandstotal: 785 km (2007)

paved: 785 km (2007)

Topic: Central African Republictotal: 24,000 km (2018)

paved: 700 km (2018)

unpaved: 23,300 km (2018)

Topic: Chadtotal: 40,000 km (2018)

note: consists of 25,000 km of national and regional roads and 15,000 km of local roads; 206 km of urban roads are paved

Topic: Chiletotal: 77,801 km (2016)

Topic: Chinatotal: 45.2 million km (2020)

paved: 4.578 million km (2020) (includes 168000 km of expressways)

unpaved: 622,000 km (2017)

Topic: Christmas Islandtotal: 142 km (2011)

paved: 32 km (2011)

unpaved: 110 km (2011)

Topic: Cocos (Keeling) Islandstotal: 22 km (2007)

paved: 10 km (2007)

unpaved: 12 km (2007)

Topic: Colombiatotal: 205,379 km (2019)

Topic: Comorostotal: 880 km (2002)

paved: 673 km (2002)

unpaved: 207 km (2002)

Topic: Congo, Democratic Republic of thetotal: 152,373 km (2015)

paved: 3,047 km (2015)

unpaved: 149,326 km (2015)

urban: 7,400 km (2015)

non-urban: 144,973 km

Topic: Congo, Republic of thetotal: 23,324 km (2017)

paved: 3,111 km (2017)

unpaved: 20,213 km (2017)

note: road network in Congo is composed of 23,324 km of which 17,000 km are classified as national, departmental, and routes of local interest: 6,324 km are non-classified routes

Topic: Cook Islandstotal: 295 km (2018)

paved: 207 km (2018)

unpaved: 88 km (2018)

Topic: Costa Ricatotal: 5,035 km (2017)

Topic: Cote d'Ivoiretotal: 81,996 km (2007)

paved: 6,502 km (2007)

unpaved: 75,494 km (2007)

note: includes intercity and urban roads; another 20,000 km of dirt roads are in poor condition and 150,000 km of dirt roads are impassable

Topic: Croatiatotal: 26,958 km (2015) (includes 1,416 km of expressways)

Topic: Cubatotal: 71,140 km (2015)

paved: 20,000 km (2001)

unpaved: 40,000 km (2001)

Topic: Curacaototal: 550 km

Topic: Cyprustotal: 19,901 km (2016)

government control: 12,901 km (2016) (includes 272 km of expressways)

paved: 8,631 km (2016)

unpaved: 4,270 km (2016)

Turkish Cypriot control: 7,000 km (2011)

Topic: Czechiatotal: 55,744 km (2019) (includes urban and category I, II, III roads)

paved: 55,744 km (2019) (includes 1,252 km of expressways)

Topic: Denmarktotal: 74,558 km (2017)

paved: 74,558 km (2017) (includes 1,205 km of expressways)

Topic: Djiboutitotal: 2,893 km (2013)

Topic: Dominicatotal: 1,512 km (2018)

paved: 762 km (2018)

unpaved: 750 km (2018)

Topic: Dominican Republictotal: 19,705 km (2002)

paved: 9,872 km (2002)

unpaved: 9,833 km (2002)

Topic: Ecuadortotal: 43,950 km (2022)

paved: 8,895 km (2022)

unpaved: 35,055 km (2022)

Topic: Egypttotal: 65,050 km (2018)

paved: 48,000 km (2018)

unpaved: 17,050 km (2018)

Topic: El Salvadortotal: 9,012 km (2017)

paved: 5,341 km (2017)

unpaved: 3,671 km (2017)

Topic: Equatorial Guineatotal: 2,880 km (2017)

Topic: Eritreatotal: 16,000 km (2018)

paved: 1,600 km (2000)

unpaved: 14,400 km (2000)

Topic: Estoniatotal: 58,412 km (2011) (includes urban roads)

paved: 10,427 km (2011) (includes 115 km of expressways)

unpaved: 47,985 km (2011)

Topic: Eswatinitotal: 3,769 km (2019)

Topic: Ethiopiatotal: 120,171 km (2018)

Topic: European Uniontotal: (2013) 10,582,653 km

Topic: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)total: 440 km (2008)

paved: 50 km (2008)

unpaved: 390 km (2008)

Topic: Faroe Islandstotal: 960 km (2017)

paved: 500 km (2017)

unpaved: 460 km (2017)

note: those islands not connected by roads (bridges or tunnels) are connected by seven different ferry links operated by the nationally owned company SSL; 28 km of tunnels

Topic: Fijitotal: 3,440 km (2011)

paved: 1,686 km (2011)

unpaved: 1,754 km (2011)

Topic: Finlandtotal: 454,000 km (2012)

highways: 78,000 km (2012) (50,000 paved, including 700 km of expressways; 28,000 unpaved)

private and forest roads: 350,000 km (2012)

urban: 26,000 km (2012)

Topic: Francetotal: 1,053,215 km (2011)

urban: 654,201 km (2011)

non-urban: 399,014 km (2011)

Topic: French Polynesiatotal: 2,590 km (1999)

paved: 1,735 km (1999)

unpaved: 855 km (1999)

Topic: Gabontotal: 14,300 km (2001)

paved: 900 km (2001)

unpaved: 13,400 km (2001)

Topic: Gambia, Thetotal: 2,977 km (2011)

paved: 518 km (2011)

unpaved: 2,459 km (2011)

Topic: Gaza Stripnote: see entry for the West Banknote: see entry for the West Bank

Topic: Georgiatotal: 20,295 km (2018)

Topic: Germanytotal: 625,000 km (2017)

paved: 625,000 km (2017) (includes 12,996 km of expressways)

note: includes local roads

Topic: Ghanatotal: 94,203 km (2021)

paved: 14,948 km (2021)

unpaved: 50,777 km (2021)

urban: 28,480 km 27% total paved 73% total unpaved

Topic: Gibraltartotal: 29 km (2007)

paved: 29 km (2007)

Topic: Greecetotal: 117,000 km (2018)

Topic: Greenlandnote: although there are short roads in towns, there are no roads between towns; inter-urban transport is either by sea or by airnote: although there are short roads in towns, there are no roads between towns; inter-urban transport is either by sea or by air

Topic: Grenadatotal: 1,127 km (2017)

paved: 902 km (2017)

unpaved: 225 km (2017)

Topic: Guamtotal: 1,045 km (2008)

Topic: Guatemalatotal: 17,440 km (2020)

paved: 7,458 km (2020)

unpaved: 9,982 km (2020) (includes 4,548 km of rural roads)

Topic: Guernseytotal: 260 km (2017)

Topic: Guineatotal: 44,301 km (2018)

paved: 3,346 km (2018)

unpaved: 40,955 km (2018)

Topic: Guinea-Bissautotal: 4,400 km (2018)

paved: 453 km (2018)

unpaved: 3,947 km (2018)

Topic: Guyanatotal: 3,995 km (2019)

paved: 799 km (2019)

unpaved: 3,196 km (2019)

Topic: Haititotal: 4,102 km (2011)

paved: 600 km (2011)

unpaved: 3,502 km (2011)

Topic: Hondurastotal: 14,742 km (2012)

paved: 3,367 km (2012)

unpaved: 11,375 km (2012) (1,543 km summer only)

note: an additional 8,951 km of non-official roads used by the coffee industry

Topic: Hong Kongtotal: 2,193 km (2021)

paved: 2,193 km (2021)

Topic: Hungarytotal: 203,601 km (2014)

paved: 77,087 km (2014) (includes 1,582 km of expressways)

unpaved: 126,514 km (2014)

Topic: Icelandtotal: 12,898 km (2012)

paved/oiled gravel: 5,647 km (2012) (excludes urban roads)

unpaved: 7,251 km (2012)

Topic: Indiatotal: 6,386,297 km (2015) note: includes 132,500 km of national highways and expressways, 186,528 km of state highways , and 6,067,269 km of other roads

note: includes 96,214 km of national highways and expressways, 147,800 km of state highways, and 4,455,010 km of other roads

Topic: Indonesiatotal: 496,607 km (2011)

paved: 283,102 km (2011)

unpaved: 213,505 km (2011)

Topic: Irantotal: 223,485 km (2018)

paved: 195,485 km (2018)

unpaved: 28,000 km (2018)

Topic: Iraqtotal: 59,623 km (2012)

paved: 59,623 km (2012) (includes Kurdistan region)

Topic: Irelandtotal: 99,830 km (2018)

paved: 99,830 km (2018) (includes 2,717 km of expressways)

Topic: Isle of Mantotal: 500 km (2008)

Topic: Israeltotal: 19,555 km (2017)

paved: 19,555 km (2017) (includes 449 km of expressways)

Topic: Italytotal: 487,700 km (2007)

paved: 487,700 km (2007) (includes 6,700 km of expressways)

Topic: Jamaicatotal: 22,121 km (2011) (includes 44 km of expressways)

paved: 16,148 km (2011)

unpaved: 5,973 km (2011)

Topic: Japantotal: 1,218,772 km (2015)

paved: 992,835 km (2015) (includes 8,428 km of expressways)

unpaved: 225,937 km (2015)

Topic: Jerseytotal: 576 km (2010)

Topic: Jordantotal: 7,203 km (2011)

paved: 7,203 km (2011)

Topic: Kazakhstantotal: 95,767 km (2021)

paved: 83,813 km (2021)

unpaved: 12,354 km (2021)

Topic: Kenyatotal: 177,800 km (2018)

paved: 14,420 km (2017) (8,500 km highways, 1,872 urban roads, and 4,048 rural roads)

unpaved: 147,032 km (2017)

Topic: Kiribatitotal: 670 km (2017)

Topic: Korea, Northtotal: 25,554 km (2006)

paved: 724 km (2006)

unpaved: 24,830 km (2006)

Topic: Korea, Southtotal: 100,428 km (2016)

paved: 92,795 km (2016) (includes 4,193 km of expressways)

unpaved: 7,633 km (2016)

Topic: Kosovototal: 2,012 km (2015)

paved: 1,921 km (2015) (includes 78 km of expressways)

unpaved: 91 km (2015)

Topic: Kuwaittotal: 5,749 km (2018)

paved: 4,887 km (2018)

unpaved: 862 km (2018)

Topic: Kyrgyzstantotal: 34,000 km (2022)

Topic: Laostotal: 39,586 km (2009)

paved: 5,415 km (2009)

unpaved: 34,171 km (2009)

Topic: Latviatotal: 70,244 km (2018)

paved: 15,158 km (2018)

unpaved: 55,086 km (2018)

Topic: Lebanontotal: 21,705 km (2017)

Topic: Lesothototal: 5,940 km (2011)

paved: 1,069 km (2011)

unpaved: 4,871 km (2011)

Topic: Liberiatotal: 10,600 km (2018)

paved: 657 km (2018)

unpaved: 9,943 km (2018)

Topic: Libyatotal: 37,000 km (2010)

paved: 34,000 km (2010)

unpaved: 3,000 km (2010)

Topic: Liechtensteintotal: 630 km (2019)

Topic: Lithuaniatotal: 84,166 km (2012)

paved: 72,297 km (2012) (includes 312 km of expressways)

unpaved: 11,869 km (2012)

Topic: Luxembourgtotal: 2,875 km (2019)

Topic: Macautotal: 428 km (2017)

paved: 428 km (2017)

Topic: Madagascartotal: 31,640 km (2018)

Topic: Malawitotal: 15,452 km (2015)

paved: 4,074 km (2015)

unpaved: 11,378 km (2015)

Topic: Malaysiatotal: 144,403 km (2010) (excludes local roads)

paved: 116,169 km (2010) (includes 1,821 km of expressways)

unpaved: 28,234 km (2010)

Topic: Maldivestotal: 93 km (2018)

paved: 93 km (2018) - 60 km in Malée; 16 km on Addu Atolis; 17 km on Laamu

note: island roads are mainly compacted coral

Topic: Malitotal: 139,107 km (2018)

Topic: Maltatotal: 2,254 km (2001)

paved: 1,973 km (2001)

unpaved: 281 km (2001)

urban: 1,422 km (2001)

non-urban: 832 km (2001)

Topic: Marshall Islandstotal: 2,028 km (2007)

paved: 75 km (2007)

unpaved: 1,953 km

Topic: Mauritaniatotal: 12,253 km (2018)

paved: 3,988 km (2018)

unpaved: 8,265 km (2018)

Topic: Mauritiustotal: 2,428 km (2015)

paved: 2,379 km (2015) (includes 99 km of expressways)

unpaved: 49 km (2015)

Topic: Mexicototal: 817,966 km (2017)

paved: 175,526 km (2017) (includes 10,845 km of expressways)

unpaved: 529,358 km (2017)

Topic: Micronesia, Federated States ofnote - paved and unpaved circumferential roads, most interior roads are unpaved

Topic: Moldovatotal: 9,352 km (2012)

paved: 8,835 km (2012)

unpaved: 517 km (2012)

Topic: Mongoliatotal: 113,200 km (2017)

paved: 10,600 km (2017)

unpaved: 102,600 km (2017)

Topic: Montenegrototal: 7,762 km (2010)

paved: 7,141 km (2010)

unpaved: 621 km (2010)

Topic: Montserratnote: volcanic eruptions that began in 1995 destroyed most of the 227 km road system; a new road infrastructure has been built on the north end of the islandnote: volcanic eruptions that began in 1995 destroyed most of the 227 km road system; a new road infrastructure has been built on the north end of the island

Topic: Moroccototal: 57,300 km (2018)

Topic: Mozambiquetotal: 31,083 km (2015)

paved: 7,365 km (2015)

unpaved: 23,718 km (2015)

Topic: Namibiatotal: 48,875 km (2018)

paved: 7,893 km (2018)

unpaved: 40,982 km (2018)

Topic: Naurutotal: 30 km (2002)

paved: 24 km (2002)

unpaved: 6 km (2002)

Topic: Nepaltotal: 27,990 km (2016)

paved: 11,890 km (2016)

unpaved: 16,100 km (2016)

Topic: Netherlandstotal: 139,124 km (2016) (includes 3,654 km of expressways)

Topic: New Caledoniatotal: 5,622 km (2006)

Topic: New Zealandtotal: 94,000 km (2017)

paved: 61,600 km (2017) (includes 199 km of expressways)

unpaved: 32,400 km (2017)

Topic: Nicaraguatotal: 23,897 km (2014)

paved: 3,346 km (2014)

unpaved: 20,551 km (2014)

Topic: Nigertotal: 18,949 km (2010)

paved: 3,912 km (2010)

unpaved: 15,037 km (2010)

Topic: Nigeriatotal: 195,000 km (2017)

paved: 60,000 km (2017)

unpaved: 135,000 km (2017)

Topic: Niuetotal: 234 km (2017)

paved: 210 km (2017)

unpaved: 24 km

Topic: Norfolk Islandtotal: 80 km (2008)

paved: 53 km (2008)

unpaved: 27 km (2008)

Topic: North Macedoniatotal: 14,182 km (2017) (includes 290 km of expressways)

paved: 9,633 km (2017)

unpaved: 4,549 km (2017)

Topic: Northern Mariana Islandstotal: 536 km (2008)

Topic: Norwaytotal: 94,902 km (2018) (includes 455 km of expressways)

Topic: Omantotal: 60,230 km (2012)

paved: 29,685 km (2012) (includes 1,943 km of expressways)

unpaved: 30,545 km (2012)

Topic: Pakistantotal: 264,175 km (2021)

paved: 185,463 km (2021) (includes 708 km of expressways)

unpaved: 78,712 km (2021)

Topic: Palautotal: 125 km (2018)

paved: 89 km (2018)

unpaved: 36 km (2018)

Topic: Papua New Guineatotal: 9,349 km (2011)

paved: 3,000 km (2011)

unpaved: 6,349 km (2011)

Topic: Paraguaytotal: 78,811 km (2020)

paved: 8,573 km (2020)

unpaved: 70,238 km (2020)

Topic: Perutotal: 168,473 km (2018) (18,699 km paved)

paved: 26,916 km

note: includes 27,109 km of national roads (21,434 km paved), 247,505 km of departmental roads (3,623 km paved), and 113,857 km of local roads (1,858 km paved)

Topic: Philippinestotal: 216,387 km (2014)

paved: 61,093 km (2014)

unpaved: 155,294 km (2014)

Topic: Pitcairn Islandstotal: 0 km

Topic: Polandtotal: 420,000 km (2016)

paved: 291,000 km (2016) (includes 1,492 km of expressways, 1,559 of motorways)

unpaved: 129,000 km (2016)

Topic: Portugaltotal: 82,900 km (2008)

paved: 71,294 km (2008) (includes 2,613 km of expressways)

unpaved: 11,606 km (2008)

Topic: Puerto Ricototal: 26,862 km (2012) (includes 454 km of expressways)

Topic: Qatartotal: 7,039 km (2016)

Topic: Romaniatotal: 84,185 km (2012)

paved: 49,873 km (2012) (includes 337 km of expressways)

unpaved: 34,312 km (2012)

Topic: Russiatotal: 1,283,387 km (2012)

paved: 927,721 km (2012) (includes 39,143 km of expressways)

unpaved: 355,666 km (2012)

Topic: Rwandatotal: 4,700 km (2012)

paved: 1,207 km (2012)

unpaved: 3,493 km (2012)

Topic: Saint Barthelemytotal: 40 km

Topic: Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunhatotal: 198 km (2002) (Saint Helena 138 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 20 km)

paved: 168 km (2002) (Saint Helena 118 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km)

unpaved: 30 km (2002) (Saint Helena 20 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km)

Topic: Saint Kitts and Nevistotal: 383 km (2002)

paved: 163 km (2002)

unpaved: 220 km (2002)

Topic: Saint Luciatotal: 1,210 km (2011)

paved: 847 km (2011)

unpaved: 363 km (2011)

Topic: Saint Pierre and Miquelontotal: 117 km (2009)

paved: 80 km (2009)

unpaved: 37 km (2009)

Topic: Samoatotal: 1,150 km (2018)

Topic: San Marinototal: 292 km (2006)

paved: 292 km (2006)

Topic: Sao Tome and Principetotal: 1,300 km (2018)

paved: 230 km (2018)

unpaved: 1,070 km (2018)

Topic: Saudi Arabiatotal: 221,372 km (2006)

paved: 47,529 km (2006) (includes 3,891 km of expressways)

unpaved: 173,843 km (2006)

Topic: Senegaltotal: 16,665 km (2017)

paved: 6,126 km (2017) (includes 241 km of expressways)

unpaved: 10,539 km (2017)

Topic: Serbiatotal: 44,248 km (2016)

paved: 28,000 km (2016) (16,162 km state roads, out of which 741 km highways)

unpaved: 16,248 km (2016)

Topic: Seychellestotal: 526 km (2015)

paved: 514 km (2015)

unpaved: 12 km (2015)

Topic: Sierra Leonetotal: 11,700 km (2015)

paved: 1,051 km (2015)

unpaved: 10,650 km (2015)

urban: 3,000 km (2015)

non-urban: 8,700 km (2015)

Topic: Singaporetotal: 3,500 km (2017)

paved: 3,500 km (2017) (includes 164 km of expressways)

Topic: Sint Maartentotal: 53 km

Topic: Slovakiatotal: 56,926 km (2016) (includes local roads, national roads, and 464 km of highways)

Topic: Sloveniatotal: 38,985 km (2012)

paved: 38,985 km (2012) (includes 769 km of expressways)

Topic: Solomon Islandstotal: 1,390 km (2011)

paved: 34 km (2011)

unpaved: 1,356 km (2011)

note: includes 920 km of private plantation roads

Topic: Somaliatotal: 15,000 km (2018)

Topic: South Africatotal: 750,000 km (2016)

paved: 158,124 km (2016)

unpaved: 591,876 km (2016)

Topic: South Sudantotal: 90,200 km (2019)

paved: 300 km (2019)

unpaved: 89,900 km (2019)

note: most of the road network is unpaved and much of it is in disrepair; the Juba-Nimule highway connecting Juba to the border with Uganda is the main paved road in South Sudan

Topic: Spaintotal: 683,175 km (2011)

paved: 683,175 km (2011) (includes 16,205 km of expressways)

Topic: Sri Lankatotal: 114,093 km (2010)

paved: 16,977 km (2010)

unpaved: 97,116 km (2010)

Topic: Sudantotal: 31,000 km (2019)

paved: 8,000 km (2019)

unpaved: 23,000 km (2019)

urban: 1,000 km (2019)

Topic: Surinametotal: 4,304 km (2003)

paved: 1,119 km (2003)

unpaved: 3,185 km (2003)

Topic: Svalbardtotal: 40 km (2020)

Topic: Swedentotal: 573,134 km (2016) (includes 2,050 km of expressways)

paved: 140,100 km (2016)

unpaved: 433,034 km (2016)

note: includes 98,500 km of state roads, 433,034 km of private roads, and 41,600 km of municipal roads

Topic: Switzerlandtotal: 71,557 km (2017)

paved: 71,557 km (2017) (includes 1,458 of expressways)

Topic: Syriatotal: 69,873 km (2010)

paved: 63,060 km (2010)

unpaved: 6,813 km (2010)

Topic: Taiwantotal: 43,206 km (2017)

paved: 42,793 km (2017) (includes 1,348 km of highways and 737 km of expressways)

unpaved: 413 km (2017)

Topic: Tajikistantotal: 30,000 km (2018)

Topic: Tanzaniatotal: 145,203 km (2022)

paved: 11,201 km (2022)

unpaved: 134,002 km (2022)

Topic: Thailandtotal: 180,053 km (2006) (includes 450 km of expressways)

Topic: Timor-Lestetotal: 6,040 km (2008)

paved: 2,600 km (2008)

unpaved: 3,440 km (2008)

Topic: Togototal: 11,734 km (2018)

paved: 1,794 km (2018)

unpaved: 8,157 km (2018)

urban: 1,783 km (2018)

Topic: Tokelautotal: 10 km (2019)

Topic: Tongatotal: 680 km (2011)

paved: 184 km (2011)

unpaved: 496 km (2011)

Topic: Tunisiapaved: 20,000 km (2015)

Topic: Turkey (Turkiye)total: 67,333 km (2018)

paved: 24,082 km (2018) (includes 2,159 km of expressways)

unpaved: 43,251 km (2018)

Topic: Turkmenistantotal: 58,592 km (2002)

paved: 47,577 km (2002)

unpaved: 11,015 km (2002)

Topic: Turks and Caicos Islandstotal: 121 km (2003)

paved: 24 km (2003)

unpaved: 97 km (2003)

Topic: Tuvalutotal: 8 km (2011)

paved: 8 km (2011)

Topic: Ugandatotal: 20,544 km (2017) (excludes local roads)

paved: 4,257 km (2017)

unpaved: 16,287 km (2017)

Topic: Ukrainetotal: 169,694 km (2012)

paved: 166,095 km (2012) (includes 17 km of expressways)

unpaved: 3,599 km (2012)

Topic: United Arab Emiratestotal: 4,080 km (2008)

paved: 4,080 km (2008) (includes 253 km of expressways)

Topic: United Kingdomtotal: 394,428 km (2009)

paved: 394,428 km (2009) (includes 3,519 km of expressways)

Topic: United Statestotal: 6,586,610 km (2012)

paved: 4,304,715 km (2012) (includes 76,334 km of expressways)

unpaved: 2,281,895 km (2012)

Topic: Uruguaytotal: 77,732 km (2010)

paved: 7,743 km (2010)

unpaved: 69,989 km (2010)

Topic: Uzbekistantotal: 86,496 km (2000)

paved: 75,511 km (2000)

unpaved: 10,985 km (2000)

Topic: Vanuatutotal: 1,070 km (2000)

paved: 256 km (2000)

unpaved: 814 km (2000)

Topic: Venezuelatotal: 96,189 km (2014)

Topic: Vietnamtotal: 195,468 km (2013)

paved: 148,338 km (2013)

unpaved: 47,130 km (2013)

Topic: Virgin Islandstotal: 1,260 km (2008)

Topic: West Banktotal: 4,686 km (2010)

paved: 4,686 km (2010)

note: includes Gaza Strip

Topic: Yementotal: 71,300 km (2005)

paved: 6,200 km (2005)

unpaved: 65,100 km (2005)

Topic: Zambiatotal: 67,671 km (2018)

paved: 14,888 km (2018)

unpaved: 52,783 km (2018)

Topic: Zimbabwetotal: 97,267 km (2019)

paved: 18,481 km (2019)

unpaved: 78,786 km (2019)