Topic: Photos of Saint Lucia

Topic: Introduction
Background: The island, with its fine natural harbor at Castries and burgeoning sugar industry, was contested by England and France throughout the 17th and early 18th centuries (changing possession 14 times); it was finally ceded to the UK in 1814 and became part of the British Windward Islands colony. Even after the abolition of slavery on its plantations in 1834, Saint Lucia remained an agricultural island, dedicated to producing tropical commodity crops. In the mid-20th century, Saint Lucia joined the West Indies Federation (1958–1962) and in 1967 became one of the six members of the West Indies Associated States, with internal self-government. In 1979, Saint Lucia gained full independence.Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Topic: Geography
Location: Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago
Geographic coordinates: 13 53 N, 60 58 W
Map references: Central America and the Caribbean
Area: total: 616 sq km

land: 606 sq km

water: 10 sq km
Area - comparative: three and a half times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries: total: 0 km
Coastline: 158 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm

contiguous zone: 24 nm

exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Climate: tropical, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season January to April, rainy season May to August
Terrain: volcanic and mountainous with broad, fertile valleys
Elevation: highest point: Mount Gimie 948 m

lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
Natural resources: forests, sandy beaches, minerals (pumice), mineral springs, geothermal potential
Land use: agricultural land: 17.4% (2018 est.)

arable land: 4.9% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 11.5% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 1% (2018 est.)

forest: 77% (2018 est.)

other: 5.6% (2018 est.)
Irrigated land: 30 sq km (2012)
Population distribution: most of the population is found on the periphery of the island, with a larger concentration in the north around the capital of Castries
Natural hazards: hurricanesvolcanism: Mount Gimie (948 m), also known as Qualibou, is a caldera on the west of the island; the iconic twin pyramidal peaks of Gros Piton (771 m) and Petit Piton (743 m) are lava dome remnants associated with the Soufriere volcano; there have been no historical magmatic eruptions, but a minor steam eruption in 1766 spread a thin layer of ash over a wide area; Saint Lucia is part of the volcanic island arc of the Lesser Antilles that extends from Saba in the north to Grenada in the southhurricanesvolcanism: Mount Gimie (948 m), also known as Qualibou, is a caldera on the west of the island; the iconic twin pyramidal peaks of Gros Piton (771 m) and Petit Piton (743 m) are lava dome remnants associated with the Soufriere volcano; there have been no historical magmatic eruptions, but a minor steam eruption in 1766 spread a thin layer of ash over a wide area; Saint Lucia is part of the volcanic island arc of the Lesser Antilles that extends from Saba in the north to Grenada in the south
Geography - note: the twin Pitons (Gros Piton and Petit Piton), striking cone-shaped peaks south of Soufriere, are one of the scenic natural highlights of the Caribbean
Map description: Saint Lucia map showing major population centers on this island in the Caribbean Sea.Saint Lucia map showing major population centers on this island in the Caribbean Sea.

Topic: People and Society
Population: 167,122 (2022 est.)
Nationality: noun: Saint Lucian(s)

adjective: Saint Lucian
Ethnic groups: Black/African descent 85.3%, mixed 10.9%, East Indian 2.2%, other 1.6%, unspecified 0.1% (2010 est.)
Languages: English (official), Saint Lucian Creole
Religions: Roman Catholic 61.5%, Protestant 25.5% (includes Seventh Day Adventist 10.4%, Pentecostal 8.9%, Baptist 2.2%, Anglican 1.6%, Church of God 1.5%, other Protestant 0.9%), other Christian 3.4% (includes Evangelical 2.3% and Jehovah's Witness 1.1%), Rastafarian 1.9%, other 0.4%, none 5.9%, unspecified 1.4% (2010 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 19.24% (male 16,484/female 15,546)

15-24 years: 13.6% (male 11,475/female 11,165)

25-54 years: 42.83% (male 34,436/female 36,868)

55-64 years: 11.23% (male 8,624/female 10,075)

65 years and over: 13.1% (2020 est.) (male 9,894/female 11,920)
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 39.4

youth dependency ratio: 25

elderly dependency ratio: 14.4

potential support ratio: 7 (2020 est.)
Median age: total: 36.9 years

male: 35.7 years

female: 38 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.29% (2022 est.)
Birth rate: 12.02 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate: 8.07 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Net migration rate: -1.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Population distribution: most of the population is found on the periphery of the island, with a larger concentration in the north around the capital of Castries
Urbanization: urban population: 19% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population: 22,000 CASTRIES (capital) (2018)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 0.94 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.86 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female

total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio: 117 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)
Infant mortality rate: total: 11.99 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 11.23 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 12.78 deaths/1,000 live births (2022 est.)
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 78.95 years

male: 76.21 years

female: 81.84 years (2022 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.72 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate: 55.5% (2011/12)
Drinking water source: improved: urban: 99.4% of population

rural: 98.5% of population

total: 98.7% of population

unimproved: urban: 0.6% of population

rural: 1.5% of population

total: 1.3% of population (2020 est.)
Current Health Expenditure: 4.3% (2019)
Physicians density: 0.64 physicians/1,000 population (2017)
Hospital bed density: 1.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)
Sanitation facility access: improved: urban: 97.6% of population

rural: 92.9% of population

total: 93.8% of population

unimproved: urban: 2.4% of population

rural: 7.1% of population

total: 6.2% of population (2020 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.6% (2018 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: (2018) <1,000
HIV/AIDS - deaths: (2018) <100
Obesity - adult prevalence rate: 19.7% (2016)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 2.8% (2012)
Education expenditures: 3.6% of GDP (2020 est.)
Literacy: total population: NA

male: NA

female: NA
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total: 13 years

male: 12 years

female: 13 years (2020)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 37.2%

male: 39.6%

female: 34.3% (2019 est.)

Topic: Environment
Environment - current issues: deforestation; soil erosion, particularly in the northern region
Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Air pollutants: particulate matter emissions: 21.22 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)

carbon dioxide emissions: 0.41 megatons (2016 est.)

methane emissions: 0.27 megatons (2020 est.)
Climate: tropical, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season January to April, rainy season May to August
Land use: agricultural land: 17.4% (2018 est.)

arable land: 4.9% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 11.5% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 1% (2018 est.)

forest: 77% (2018 est.)

other: 5.6% (2018 est.)
Urbanization: urban population: 19% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Revenue from forest resources: forest revenues: 0.01% of GDP (2018 est.)
Revenue from coal: coal revenues: 0% of GDP (2018 est.)
Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually: 77,616 tons (2015 est.)
Total water withdrawal: municipal: 12.5 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

industrial: 0 cubic meters (2017 est.)

agricultural: 30.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.)
Total renewable water resources: 300 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

Topic: Government
Country name: conventional long form: none

conventional short form: Saint Lucia

etymology: named after Saint LUCY of Syracuse by French sailors who were shipwrecked on the island on 13 December 1502, the saint's feast day; Saint Lucia is the only country named specifically after a woman

note: pronounced saynt-looshuh
Government type: parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm
Capital: name: Castries

geographic coordinates: 14 00 N, 61 00 W

time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: in 1785, the village of Carenage was renamed Castries, after Charles Eugene Gabriel de La Croix de Castries (1727-1801), who was then the French Minister of the Navy and Colonies
Administrative divisions: 10 districts; Anse-la-Raye, Canaries, Castries, Choiseul, Dennery, Gros-Islet, Laborie, Micoud, Soufriere, Vieux-Fort
Independence: 22 February 1979 (from the UK)
National holiday: Independence Day, 22 February (1979)
Constitution: history: previous 1958, 1960 (preindependence); latest presented 20 December 1978, effective 22 February 1979

amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by the House of Assembly membership in the final reading and assent of the governor general; passage of amendments to various constitutional sections, such as those on fundamental rights and freedoms, government finances, the judiciary, and procedures for amending the constitution, require at least three-quarters majority vote by the House and assent of the governor general; passage of amendments approved by the House but rejected by the Senate require a majority of votes cast in a referendum; amended several times, last in 2008
Legal system: English common law
International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship: citizenship by birth: yes

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Saint Lucia

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 8 years
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch: chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Acting Governor General Errol CHARLES (since 11 November 2021)

head of government: Prime Minister Philip J. PIERRE (since 28 July 2021)

cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister

elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by governor general
Legislative branch: description: bicameral Houses of Parliament consists of:
Senate (11 seats; all members appointed by the governor general; 6 on the advice of the prime minister, 3 on the advice of the leader of the opposition, and 2 upon consultation with religious, economic, and social groups; members serve 5-year terms)
House of Assembly (18 seats; 17 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and the speaker, designated from outside the Parliament; members serve 5-year terms)

elections: Senate - last appointments on 17 August 2021 (next in 2026)
House of Assembly - last held on 26 July 2021 (next to be held in 2026)

election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 6, women 5, percent of women 45.5%
House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - SLP 50.1%, UWP 42.9%, other o.3%, independent 6.6%; seats by party - SLP 13, UWP 2, independent 2; composition (including the speaker) - men 16, women 2, percent of women 11.1%; note - total Parliament percent of women 24.1%
Judicial branch: highest courts: the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC - headquartered on St. Lucia - consists of the Court of Appeal - headed by the chief justice and 4 judges - and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal is itinerant, traveling to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts; High Court judges reside in the member states with 4 on Saint Lucia; Saint Lucia is a member of the Caribbean Court of Justice

judge selection and term of office: chief justice of Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court appointed by Her Majesty, Queen ELIZABETH II; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission, an independent body of judicial officials; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62

subordinate courts: magistrate's court
Political parties and leaders: Saint Lucia Labor Party or SLP [Philip J. PIERRE]
United Workers Party or UWP [Allen CHASTANET]
International organization participation: ACP, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CD, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OAS, OECS, OIF, OPANAL, OPCW, Petrocaribe, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Elizabeth DARIUS-CLARKE (since 7 June 2022)

chancery: 1629 K Street NW, Suite 1250, Washington, DC 20006

telephone: [1] (202) 364-6792

FAX: [1] (202) 364-6723

email address and website:
embassydc@gosl.gov.lc

https://www.embassyofstlucia.org/

consulate(s) general: New York
Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy: the US does not have an embassy in Saint Lucia; the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Saint Lucia
Flag description: cerulean blue with a gold isosceles triangle below a black arrowhead; the upper edges of the arrowhead have a white border; the blue color represents the sky and sea, gold stands for sunshine and prosperity, and white and black the racial composition of the island (with the latter being dominant); the two major triangles invoke the twin Pitons (Gros Piton and Petit Piton), cone-shaped volcanic plugs that are a symbol of the island
National symbol(s): twin pitons (volcanic peaks), Saint Lucia parrot; national colors: cerulean blue, gold, black, white
National anthem: name: "Sons and Daughters of St. Lucia"

lyrics/music: Charles JESSE/Leton Felix THOMAS

note: adopted 1967
National heritage: total World Heritage Sites: 1 (natural)

selected World Heritage Site locales: Pitons Management Area

Topic: Economy
Economic overview: The island nation has been able to attract foreign business and investment, especially in its offshore banking and tourism industries. Tourism is Saint Lucia's main source of jobs and income - accounting for 65% of GDP - and the island's main source of foreign exchange earnings. The manufacturing sector is the most diverse in the Eastern Caribbean area. Crops such as bananas, mangos, and avocados continue to be grown for export, but St. Lucia's once solid banana industry has been devastated by strong competition.   Saint Lucia is vulnerable to a variety of external shocks, including volatile tourism receipts, natural disasters, and dependence on foreign oil. Furthermore, high public debt - 77% of GDP in 2012 - and high debt servicing obligations constrain the CHASTANET administration's ability to respond to adverse external shocks.   St. Lucia has experienced anemic growth since the onset of the global financial crisis in 2008, largely because of a slowdown in tourism - airlines cut back on their routes to St. Lucia in 2012. Also, St. Lucia introduced a value added tax in 2012 of 15%, becoming the last country in the Eastern Caribbean to do so. In 2013, the government introduced a National Competitiveness and Productivity Council to address St. Lucia's high public wages and lack of productivity.The island nation has been able to attract foreign business and investment, especially in its offshore banking and tourism industries. Tourism is Saint Lucia's main source of jobs and income - accounting for 65% of GDP - and the island's main source of foreign exchange earnings. The manufacturing sector is the most diverse in the Eastern Caribbean area. Crops such as bananas, mangos, and avocados continue to be grown for export, but St. Lucia's once solid banana industry has been devastated by strong competition. Saint Lucia is vulnerable to a variety of external shocks, including volatile tourism receipts, natural disasters, and dependence on foreign oil. Furthermore, high public debt - 77% of GDP in 2012 - and high debt servicing obligations constrain the CHASTANET administration's ability to respond to adverse external shocks. St. Lucia has experienced anemic growth since the onset of the global financial crisis in 2008, largely because of a slowdown in tourism - airlines cut back on their routes to St. Lucia in 2012. Also, St. Lucia introduced a value added tax in 2012 of 15%, becoming the last country in the Eastern Caribbean to do so. In 2013, the government introduced a National Competitiveness and Productivity Council to address St. Lucia's high public wages and lack of productivity.
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): $2.25 billion (2020 est.)

$2.82 billion (2019 est.)

$2.78 billion (2018 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars
Real GDP growth rate: 3% (2017 est.)

3.4% (2016 est.)

-0.9% (2015 est.)
Real GDP per capita: $12,300 (2020 est.)

$15,400 (2019 est.)

$15,300 (2018 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate): $1.686 billion (2017 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 0.1% (2017 est.)

-3.1% (2016 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 2.9% (2017 est.)

industry: 14.2% (2017 est.)

services: 82.8% (2017 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 66.1% (2017 est.)

government consumption: 11.2% (2017 est.)

investment in fixed capital: 16.9% (2017 est.)

investment in inventories: 0.1% (2017 est.)

exports of goods and services: 62.7% (2017 est.)

imports of goods and services: -56.9% (2017 est.)
Agricultural products: bananas, coconuts, fruit, tropical fruit, plantains, roots/tubers, cassava, poultry, vegetables, mangoes/guavas
Industries: tourism; clothing, assembly of electronic components, beverages, corrugated cardboard boxes, lime processing, coconut processing
Industrial production growth rate: 6% (2017 est.)
Labor force: 79,700 (2012 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 21.7%

industry: 24.7%

services: 53.6% (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate: 20% (2003 est.)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 37.2%

male: 39.6%

female: 34.3% (2019 est.)
Population below poverty line: 25% (2016 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: 51.2 (2016 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: NA

highest 10%: NA
Budget: revenues: 398.2 million (2017 est.)

expenditures: 392.8 million (2017 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): 0.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Public debt: 70.7% of GDP (2017 est.)

69.2% of GDP (2016 est.)
Taxes and other revenues: 23.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March
Current account balance: $21 million (2017 est.)

-$31 million (2016 est.)
Exports: $1.22 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$188.2 million (2016 est.)
Exports - partners: United States 29%, Uruguay 16%, Barbados 8%, Trinidad and Tobago 5.5%, United Kingdom 6%, Dominica 6%, Guyana 5%, France 5% (2019)
Exports - commodities: crude petroleum, beer, jewelry, bananas, refined petroleum, rum (2019)
Imports: $1 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$575.9 million (2016 est.)
Imports - partners: Colombia 46%, United States 30%, Trinidad and Tobago 5% (2019)
Imports - commodities: crude petroleum, refined petroleum, cars, poultry meats, natural gas (2019)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $321.8 million (31 December 2017 est.)

$320.7 million (31 December 2016 est.)
Debt - external: $570.6 million (31 December 2017 est.)

$529 million (31 December 2015 est.)
Exchange rates: East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -

2.7 (2017 est.)

2.7 (2016 est.)

2.7 (2015 est.)

2.7 (2014 est.)

2.7 (2013 est.)

Topic: Energy
Electricity access: electrification - total population: 99.5% (2018)

electrification - urban areas: 97.5% (2018)

electrification - rural areas: 99.9% (2018)
Electricity: installed generating capacity: 92,000 kW (2020 est.)

consumption: 322.506 million kWh (2019 est.)

exports: 0 kWh (2020 est.)

imports: 0 kWh (2020 est.)

transmission/distribution losses: 27.568 million kWh (2019 est.)
Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels: 99.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

solar: 1% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

wind: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

hydroelectricity: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

biomass and waste: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Coal: production: 0 metric tons (2020 est.)

consumption: 0 metric tons (2020 est.)

exports: 0 metric tons (2020 est.)

imports: 0 metric tons (2020 est.)

proven reserves: 0 metric tons (2019 est.)
Petroleum: total petroleum production: 0 bbl/day (2021 est.)

refined petroleum consumption: 4,500 bbl/day (2019 est.)

crude oil and lease condensate exports: 0 barrels/day (2018 est.)

crude oil and lease condensate imports: 0 barrels/day (2018 est.)

crude oil estimated reserves: 0 barrels (2021 est.)
Refined petroleum products - production: 0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Refined petroleum products - exports: 0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Refined petroleum products - imports: 3,113 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Natural gas: production: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)

consumption: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)

exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)

imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)

proven reserves: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions: 659,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from petroleum and other liquids: 659,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)
Energy consumption per capita: 50.872 million Btu/person (2019 est.)

Topic: Communications
Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions: 38,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 21 (2020 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions: 203,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 111 (2020 est.)
Telecommunication systems: general assessment: an adequate system that is automatically switched; good interisland and international connections; broadband access; expanded FttP (Fiber to the Home) and LTE markets; regulatory development; telecom sector contributes to the overall GDP; telecom sector is a growth area (2020)

domestic: fixed-line teledensity is 20 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular teledensity is roughly 102 per 100 persons (2019)

international: country code - 1-758; landing points for the ECFS and Southern Caribbean Fiber submarine cables providing connectivity to numerous Caribbean islands; direct microwave radio relay link with Martinique and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; tropospheric scatter to Barbados (2019)

note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress towards 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
Broadcast media: 3 privately owned TV stations; 1 public TV station operating on a cable network; multi-channel cable TV service available; a mix of state-owned and privately owned broadcasters operate nearly 25 radio stations including repeater transmission stations (2019)
Internet country code: .lc
Internet users: total: 97,323 (2020 est.)

percent of population: 53% (2020 est.)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total: 33,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18 (2020 est.)

Topic: Transportation
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: J6
Airports: total: 2 (2021)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 2

2,438 to 3,047 m: 1

1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2021)
Roadways: total: 1,210 km (2011)

paved: 847 km (2011)

unpaved: 363 km (2011)
Ports and terminals: major seaport(s): Castries, Cul-de-Sac, Vieux-Fort

Topic: Military and Security
Military and security forces: no regular military forces; Royal Saint Lucia Police Force (includes Special Service Unit, Marine Unit) (2022)
Military - note: Saint Lucia has been a member of the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) since its creation in 1982; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security (2022)

Topic: Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: Saint Lucia-Venezuela: joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ/continental shelf over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean SeaSaint Lucia-Venezuela: joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ/continental shelf over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea
Illicit drugs: a transit point for cocaine and marijuana destined for North America, Europe, and elsewhere in the Caribbeana transit point for cocaine and marijuana destined for North America, Europe, and elsewhere in the Caribbean


Topic: Photos of Akrotiri

Topic: Introduction
Background: By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers - Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The southernmost and smaller of the two is the Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Western Sovereign Base Area.Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Topic: Geography
Location: Eastern Mediterranean, peninsula on the southwest coast of Cyprus
Geographic coordinates: 34 37 N, 32 58 E
Map references: Middle East
Area: total: 123 sq km

note: includes a salt lake and wetlands
Area - comparative: about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries: total: 48 km

border countries (1): Cyprus 48 km
Coastline: 56.3 km
Climate: temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
Geography - note: British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus; of the Sovereign Base Area (SBA) land, 60% is privately owned and farmed, 20% is owned by the Ministry of Defense, and 20% is SBA Crown land
Map description: Akrotiri map showing the UK Sovereign Base Area as well as the adjacent part of south Cyprus.

Topic: People and Society
Population: (2020) approximately 18,195 on the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia including 11,000 Cypriots and 7,195 Service and UK-based contract personnel and dependents
Languages: English, Greek

major-language sample(s):
Το Παγκόσμιο Βιβλίο Δεδομένων, η απαραίτητη πηγή βασικών πληροφοριών. (Greek)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Age structure: 0-14 years: NA

15-24 years: NA

25-54 years: NA

55-64 years: NA

65 years and over: NA
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA
Birth rate: NA
Death rate: NA
Contraceptive prevalence rate: NA
Drinking water source: improved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: NA

unimproved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: NA
Current Health Expenditure: NA
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths: NA
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: NA
Education expenditures: NA

Topic: Environment
Environment - current issues: hunting around the salt lake; note - breeding place for loggerhead and green turtles; only remaining colony of griffon vultures is on the base
Climate: temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters

Topic: Government
Country name: conventional long form: none

conventional short form: Akrotiri

etymology: named for the village that lies within the Western Sovereign Base Area on Cyprus
Dependency status: a special form of UK overseas territory; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus
Capital: name: Episkopi Cantonment (base administrative center for Akrotiri and Dhekelia)

geographic coordinates: 34 40 N, 32 51 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: "Episkopi" means "episcopal" in Greek and stems from the fact that the site previously served as the bishop's seat of an Orthodox diocese
Constitution: history: presented 3 August 1960, effective 16 August 1960 (The Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order in Council 1960 serves as a basic legal document)

amendments: amended 1966
Legal system: laws applicable to the Cypriot population are, as far as possible, the same as the laws of the Republic of Cyprus; note - the Sovereign Base Area Administration has its own court system to deal with civil and criminal matters
Executive branch: chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)

head of government: Administrator Major General Robert J. THOMSON (since 25 September 2019); note - administrator reports to the British Ministry of Defense; the chief officer is responsible for the day-to-day running of the civil government of the Sovereign Bases

elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; administrator appointed by the monarch on the advice of the Ministry of Defense
Judicial branch: highest courts: Senior Judges' Court (consists of several visiting judges from England and Wales)

judge selection and term of office: see entry for United Kingdom

subordinate courts: Resident Judges' Court; Courts Martial
Diplomatic representation in the US: none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy: none (overseas territory of the UK)
Flag description: the flag of the UK is used
National anthem: note: as a UK area of special sovereignty, "God Save the Queen" is official (see United Kingdom)note: as a UK area of special sovereignty, "God Save the Queen" is official (see United Kingdom)

Topic: Economy
Economic overview: Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Akrotiri. All food and manufactured goods must be imported.
Exchange rates: note: uses the euronote: uses the euro

Topic: Communications
Broadcast media: British Forces Broadcast Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite TV service as well as BFBS radio broadcasts to the Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area

Topic: Transportation
Airports: total: 1 (2021)
Airports - with paved runways: 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2021)

Topic: Military and Security
Military - note: defense is the responsibility of the UK; Akrotiri (aka the Western Sovereign Base Area) has a full RAF base, headquarters for British Forces Cyprus, and the Episkopi Cantonment


Topic: Photos of New Zealand

Topic: Introduction
Background: Polynesian settlers may have arrived in New Zealand in the late 1200s, with widespread settlement in the mid-1300s. They called the land Aotearoa, which legend holds is the name of the canoe that Kupe, the first Polynesian in New Zealand, used to sail to the country; the name Aotearoa is now in widespread use as the local Maori name for the country. Competition for land and resources led to intermittent fighting between different Maori iwi (tribes) by the 1500s as large game became extinct. Dutch explorer Abel TASMAN was the first European to see the islands in 1642 but after an encounter with local Maori, he sailed away. British captain James COOK was the next European to arrive in New Zealand in 1769, followed by whalers, sealers, and traders. The UK only nominally claimed New Zealand and included it as part of New South Wales in Australia. Concerns about increasing lawlessness led the UK to appoint its first British Resident in New Zealand in 1832, although he had few legal powers. In 1835, some Maori iwi from the North Island declared independence as the United Tribes of New Zealand. Fearing an impending French settlement and takeover, they asked the British for protection. In 1840, the British negotiated their protection in the Treaty of Waitangi, which was eventually signed by more than 500 different Maori chiefs, although many chiefs did not or were not asked to sign. In the English-language version of the treaty, the British thought the Maori ceded their land to the UK, but translations of the treaty appeared to give the British less authority, and land tenure issues stemming from the treaty are still present and being actively negotiated in New Zealand.

The UK declared New Zealand a separate colony in 1841 and gave it limited self-government in 1852. Different traditions of authority and land use led to a series of wars from the 1840s to the 1870s fought between Europeans and various Maori iwi. Along with disease, these conflicts halved the Maori population. In the 1890s, New Zealand initially expressed interest in joining independence talks with Australia but ultimately opted against it and changed its status to an independent dominion in 1907. New Zealand provided more than 100,000 troops during each World War, many of whom fought as part of the Australia and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC). New Zealand reaffirmed its independence in 1947, signed the Australia, New Zealand, and US (ANZUS) Treaty, and militarily supported the US in the Korean and Vietnam Wars. Beginning in 1984, New Zealand began to adopt nuclear-free policies, contributing to a dispute with the US over naval ship visits that led the US to suspend its defense obligations to New Zealand in 1986.

In recent years, New Zealand has explored reducing some of its ties to the UK. There in an active, minority movement about changing New Zealand to a republic, and in 2015-16, a referendum on changing the New Zealand flag to remove the Union Jack failed 57% to 43%.Polynesian settlers may have arrived in New Zealand in the late 1200s, with widespread settlement in the mid-1300s. They called the land Aotearoa, which legend holds is the name of the canoe that Kupe, the first Polynesian in New Zealand, used to sail to the country; the name Aotearoa is now in widespread use as the local Maori name for the country. Competition for land and resources led to intermittent fighting between different Maori iwi (tribes) by the 1500s as large game became extinct. Dutch explorer Abel TASMAN was the first European to see the islands in 1642 but after an encounter with local Maori, he sailed away. British captain James COOK was the next European to arrive in New Zealand in 1769, followed by whalers, sealers, and traders. The UK only nominally claimed New Zealand and included it as part of New South Wales in Australia. Concerns about increasing lawlessness led the UK to appoint its first British Resident in New Zealand in 1832, although he had few legal powers. In 1835, some Maori iwi from the North Island declared independence as the United Tribes of New Zealand. Fearing an impending French settlement and takeover, they asked the British for protection. In 1840, the British negotiated their protection in the Treaty of Waitangi, which was eventually signed by more than 500 different Maori chiefs, although many chiefs did not or were not asked to sign. In the English-language version of the treaty, the British thought the Maori ceded their land to the UK, but translations of the treaty appeared to give the British less authority, and land tenure issues stemming from the treaty are still present and being actively negotiated in New Zealand.

The UK declared New Zealand a separate colony in 1841 and gave it limited self-government in 1852. Different traditions of authority and land use led to a series of wars from the 1840s to the 1870s fought between Europeans and various Maori iwi. Along with disease, these conflicts halved the Maori population. In the 1890s, New Zealand initially expressed interest in joining independence talks with Australia but ultimately opted against it and changed its status to an independent dominion in 1907. New Zealand provided more than 100,000 troops during each World War, many of whom fought as part of the Australia and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC). New Zealand reaffirmed its independence in 1947, signed the Australia, New Zealand, and US (ANZUS) Treaty, and militarily supported the US in the Korean and Vietnam Wars. Beginning in 1984, New Zealand began to adopt nuclear-free policies, contributing to a dispute with the US over naval ship visits that led the US to suspend its defense obligations to New Zealand in 1986.

In recent years, New Zealand has explored reducing some of its ties to the UK. There in an active, minority movement about changing New Zealand to a republic, and in 2015-16, a referendum on changing the New Zealand flag to remove the Union Jack failed 57% to 43%.Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Topic: Geography
Location: Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia
Geographic coordinates: 41 00 S, 174 00 E
Map references: Oceania
Area: total: 268,838 sq km

land: 264,537 sq km

water: 4,301 sq km

note: includes Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Island, Chatham Islands, and Kermadec Islands
Area - comparative: almost twice the size of North Carolina; about the size of Colorado
Land boundaries: total: 0 km
Coastline: 15,134 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm

contiguous zone: 24 nm

exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Climate: temperate with sharp regional contrasts
Terrain: predominately mountainous with large coastal plains
Elevation: highest point: Aoraki/Mount Cook 3,724 m; note - the mountain's height was 3,764 m until 14 December 1991 when it lost about 10 m in an avalanche of rock and ice; erosion of the ice cap since then has brought the height down another 30 m

lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m

mean elevation: 388 m
Natural resources: natural gas, iron ore, sand, coal, timber, hydropower, gold, limestone
Land use: agricultural land: 43.2% (2018 est.)

arable land: 1.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.3% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 41.1% (2018 est.)

forest: 31.4% (2018 est.)

other: 25.4% (2018 est.)
Irrigated land: 7,210 sq km (2012)
Major lakes (area sq km): Fresh water lake(s): Lake Taupo - 610 sq km
Population distribution: over three-quarters of New Zealanders, including the indigenous Maori, live on the North Island, primarily in urban areas
Natural hazards: earthquakes are common, though usually not severe; volcanic activityvolcanism: significant volcanism on North Island; Ruapehu (2,797 m), which last erupted in 2007, has a history of large eruptions in the past century; Taranaki has the potential to produce dangerous avalanches and lahars; other historically active volcanoes include Okataina, Raoul Island, Tongariro, and White Island; see note 2 under "Geography - note"earthquakes are common, though usually not severe; volcanic activityvolcanism: significant volcanism on North Island; Ruapehu (2,797 m), which last erupted in 2007, has a history of large eruptions in the past century; Taranaki has the potential to produce dangerous avalanches and lahars; other historically active volcanoes include Okataina, Raoul Island, Tongariro, and White Island; see note 2 under "Geography - note"
Geography - note: note 1: consists of two main islands and a number of smaller islands; South Island, the larger main island, is the 12th largest island in the world and is divided along its length by the Southern Alps; North Island is the 14th largest island in the world and is not as mountainous, but it is marked by volcanism note 2: New Zealand lies along the Ring of Fire, a belt of active volcanoes and earthquake epicenters bordering the Pacific Ocean; up to 90% of the world's earthquakes and some 75% of the world's volcanoes occur within the Ring of Fire note 3: almost 90% of the population lives in cities and over three-quarters on North Island; Wellington is the southernmost national capital in the worldnote 1: consists of two main islands and a number of smaller islands; South Island, the larger main island, is the 12th largest island in the world and is divided along its length by the Southern Alps; North Island is the 14th largest island in the world and is not as mountainous, but it is marked by volcanismnote 2: New Zealand lies along the Ring of Fire, a belt of active volcanoes and earthquake epicenters bordering the Pacific Ocean; up to 90% of the world's earthquakes and some 75% of the world's volcanoes occur within the Ring of Firenote 3: almost 90% of the population lives in cities and over three-quarters on North Island; Wellington is the southernmost national capital in the world
Map description: New Zealand map showing major cities and islands of this archipelagic country in the South Pacific Ocean.New Zealand map showing major cities and islands of this archipelagic country in the South Pacific Ocean.

Topic: People and Society
Population: 5,053,004 (2022 est.)
Nationality: noun: New Zealander(s)

adjective: New Zealand
Ethnic groups: European 64.1%, Maori 16.5%, Chinese 4.9%, Indian 4.7%, Samoan 3.9%, Tongan 1.8%, Cook Islands Maori 1.7%, English 1.5%, Filipino 1.5%, New Zealander 1%, other 13.7% (2018 est.)

note: based on the 2018 census of the usually resident population; percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic group
Languages: English (de facto official) 95.4%, Maori (de jure official) 4%, Samoan 2.2%, Northern Chinese 2%, Hindi 1.5%, French 1.2%, Yue 1.1%, New Zealand Sign Language (de jure official) 0.5%, other or not stated 17.2% (2018 est.)

note: shares sum to 124.1% due to multiple responses on the 2018 census
Religions: Christian 37.3% (Catholic 10.1%, Anglican 6.8%, Presbyterian and Congregational 5.2%, Pentecostal 1.8%, Methodist 1.6%, Church of Jesus Christ 1.2%, other 10.7%), Hindu 2.7%, Maori 1.3%, Muslim, 1.3%, Buddhist 1.1%, other religion 1.6% (includes Judaism, Spiritualism and New Age religions, Baha'i, Asian religions other than Buddhism), no religion 48.6%, objected to answering 6.7% (2018 est.)

note: based on the 2018 census of the usually resident population; percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one religion
Age structure: 0-14 years: 19.63% (male 496,802/female 469,853)

15-24 years: 12.92% (male 328,327/female 308,132)

25-54 years: 39.98% (male 996,857/female 972,566)

55-64 years: 11.93% (male 285,989/female 301,692)

65 years and over: 15.54% (2020 est.) (male 358,228/female 407,031)
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 55.8

youth dependency ratio: 30.3

elderly dependency ratio: 25.5

potential support ratio: 3.9 (2020 est.)
Median age: total: 37.2 years

male: 36.4 years

female: 37.9 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate: 1.17% (2022 est.)
Birth rate: 12.78 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate: 6.89 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Net migration rate: 5.83 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Population distribution: over three-quarters of New Zealanders, including the indigenous Maori, live on the North Island, primarily in urban areas
Urbanization: urban population: 86.9% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 0.92% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population: 1.652 million Auckland, 419,000 WELLINGTON (capital) (2022)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female

total population: 1 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth: 27.8 years (2009 est.)

note: median age at first birth
Maternal mortality ratio: 9 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)
Infant mortality rate: total: 3.44 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 3.64 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 3.23 deaths/1,000 live births (2022 est.)
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 82.54 years

male: 80.78 years

female: 84.39 years (2022 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.86 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate: 79.9% (2014/15)

note: percent of women aged 16-49
Drinking water source: improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2020 est.)
Current Health Expenditure: 9.7% (2019)
Physicians density: 3.62 physicians/1,000 population (2020)
Hospital bed density: 2.6 beds/1,000 population (2019)
Sanitation facility access: improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2020)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: (2020 est.) <.1%
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 3,600 (2020 est.)

note: estimate does not include children
HIV/AIDS - deaths: (2020 est.) <100

note: estimate does not include children
Obesity - adult prevalence rate: 30.8% (2016)
Tobacco use: total: 13.7% (2020 est.)

male: 15% (2020 est.)

female: 12.3% (2020 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: NA
Education expenditures: 6% of GDP (2018 est.)
Literacy: total population: NA

male: NA

female: NA
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total: 20 years

male: 20 years

female: 21 years (2019)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 12.4%

male: 12.2%

female: 12.6% (2020 est.)

Topic: Environment
Environment - current issues: water quality and availability; rapid urbanisation; deforestation; soil erosion and degradation; native flora and fauna hard-hit by invasive species; negative effects of climate change
Environment - international agreements: party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified: Antarctic Seals, Marine Life Conservation
Air pollutants: particulate matter emissions: 5.73 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)

carbon dioxide emissions: 34.38 megatons (2016 est.)

methane emissions: 34.3 megatons (2020 est.)
Climate: temperate with sharp regional contrasts
Land use: agricultural land: 43.2% (2018 est.)

arable land: 1.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.3% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 41.1% (2018 est.)

forest: 31.4% (2018 est.)

other: 25.4% (2018 est.)
Urbanization: urban population: 86.9% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 0.92% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Revenue from forest resources: forest revenues: 0.5% of GDP (2018 est.)
Revenue from coal: coal revenues: 0.03% of GDP (2018 est.)
Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually: 3.405 million tons (2016 est.)
Major lakes (area sq km): Fresh water lake(s): Lake Taupo - 610 sq km
Total water withdrawal: municipal: 810 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

industrial: 1.184 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)

agricultural: 3.207 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)
Total renewable water resources: 327 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)

Topic: Government
Country name: conventional long form: none

conventional short form: New Zealand

abbreviation: NZ

etymology: Dutch explorer Abel TASMAN was the first European to reach New Zealand in 1642; he named it Staten Landt, but Dutch cartographers renamed it Nova Zeelandia in 1645 after the Dutch province of Zeeland; British explorer Captain James COOK subsequently anglicized the name to New Zealand when he mapped the islands in 1769
Government type: parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm
Capital: name: Wellington

geographic coordinates: 41 18 S, 174 47 E

time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in September; ends first Sunday in April

time zone note: New Zealand has two time zones: New Zealand standard time (UTC+12) and Chatham Islands time (45 minutes in advance of New Zealand standard time; UTC+12:45)

etymology: named in 1840 after Arthur Wellesley, the first Duke of Wellington and victorious general at the Battle of Waterloo
Administrative divisions: 16 regions and 1 territory*; Auckland, Bay of Plenty, Canterbury, Chatham Islands*, Gisborne, Hawke's Bay, Manawatu-Wanganui, Marlborough, Nelson, Northland, Otago, Southland, Taranaki, Tasman, Waikato, Wellington, West Coast
Dependent areas: Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau
Independence: 26 September 1907 (from the UK)
National holiday: Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840); Anzac Day (commemorated as the anniversary of the landing of troops of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps during World War I at Gallipoli, Turkey), 25 April (1915)
Constitution: history: New Zealand has no single constitution document; the Constitution Act 1986, effective 1 January 1987, includes only part of the uncodified constitution; others include a collection of statutes or "acts of Parliament," the Treaty of Waitangi, Orders in Council, letters patent, court decisions, and unwritten conventions

amendments: proposed as bill by Parliament or by referendum called either by the government or by citizens; passage of a bill as an act normally requires two separate readings with committee reviews in between to make changes and corrections, a third reading approved by the House of Representatives membership or by the majority of votes in a referendum, and assent of the governor-general; passage of amendments to reserved constitutional provisions affecting the term of Parliament, electoral districts, and voting restrictions requires approval by 75% of the House membership or the majority of votes in a referendum; amended many times, last in 2020
Legal system: common law system, based on English model, with special legislation and land courts for the Maori
International law organization participation: accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship: citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of New Zealand

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 3 years
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch: chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor-General Dame Cindy KIRO (since 21 October 2021)

head of government: Prime Minister Jacinda ARDERN (since 26 October 2017); Deputy Prime Minister Grant ROBERTSON (since 2 November 2020)

cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor-general on the recommendation of the prime minister

elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor-general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor-general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor-general; note - Prime Minister ARDERN heads up a minority coalition government consisting of the Labor and New Zealand First parties with confidence and supply support from the Green Party
Legislative branch: description: unicameral House of Representatives - commonly called Parliament (120 seats for 2020-23 term); 72 members directly elected in 65 single-seat constituencies and 7 Maori constituencies by simple majority vote and 48 directly elected by closed party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 3-year terms)

elections: last held on 17 October 2020 (next scheduled for 2023)

election results: percent of vote by party - Labor Party 49.1%, National Party 26.8%, ACT Party 8%, Green Party 6.3%, Maori Party 1%; seats by party - Labor Party 64, National Party 35, Green Party 10, ACT Party 10, Maori Party 1; composition - men 61, women 59, percent of women 49.2%
Judicial branch: highest courts: Supreme Court (consists of 5 justices, including the chief justice); note - the Supreme Court in 2004 replaced the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) as the final appeals court

judge selection and term of office: justices appointed by the governor-general upon the recommendation of the attorney- general; justices appointed until compulsory retirement at age 70

subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; High Court; tribunals and authorities; district courts; specialized courts for issues related to employment, environment, family, Maori lands, youth, military; tribunals
Political parties and leaders: ACT New Zealand [David SEYMOUR]
Green Party [James SHAW]
Mana Movement [Hone HARAWIRA] (formerly Mana Party)
Maori Party [Che WILSON and Kaapua SMITH]
New Zealand First Party or NZ First [Winston PETERS]
New Zealand Labor Party [Jacinda ARDERN]
New Zealand National Party [Christopher LUXON]
United Future New Zealand [Damian LIGHT]
International organization participation: ADB, ANZUS, APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CD, CP, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, PIF, SICA (observer), Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Rosemary BANKS (since 11 January 2019)

chancery: 37 Observatory Circle NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone: [1] (202) 328-4800

FAX: [1] (202) 667-5277

email address and website:
wshinfo@mfat.govt.nz

https://www.mfat.govt.nz/en/countries-and-regions/americas/united-states-of-america/

consulate(s) general: Honolulu, Los Angeles, New York
Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas Stewart UDALL (since 1 December 2021) note - also accredited to Samoa

embassy: 29 Fitzherbert Terrace, Thorndon, Wellington 6011

mailing address: 4370 Auckland Place, Washington DC  20521-4370

telephone: [64] (4) 462-6000

FAX: [64] (4) 499-0490

email address and website:
AucklandACS@state.gov

https://nz.usembassy.gov/

consulate(s) general: Auckland
Flag description: blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant with four red five-pointed stars edged in white centered in the outer half of the flag; the stars represent the Southern Cross constellation
National symbol(s): Southern Cross constellation (four, five-pointed stars), kiwi (bird), silver fern; national colors: black, white, red (ochre)
National anthem: name: "God Defend New Zealand"

lyrics/music: Thomas BRACKEN [English], Thomas Henry SMITH [Maori]/John Joseph WOODS

note: adopted 1940 as national song, adopted 1977 as co-national anthem; New Zealand has two national anthems with equal status; as a commonwealth realm, in addition to "God Defend New Zealand," "God Save the Queen" serves as a national anthem (see United Kingdom); "God Save the Queen" normally played only when a member of the royal family or the governor-general is present; in all other cases, "God Defend New Zealand" is played
National heritage: total World Heritage Sites: 3 (2 natural, 1 mixed)

selected World Heritage Site locales: Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand (n); Tongariro National Park (m); New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands (n)

Topic: Economy
Economic overview: Over the past 40 years, the government has transformed New Zealand from an agrarian economy, dependent on concessionary British market access, to a more industrialized, free market economy that can compete globally. This dynamic growth has boosted real incomes, but left behind some at the bottom of the ladder and broadened and deepened the technological capabilities of the industrial sector.   Per capita income rose for 10 consecutive years until 2007 in purchasing power parity terms, but fell in 2008-09. Debt-driven consumer spending drove robust growth in the first half of the decade, fueling a large balance of payments deficit that posed a challenge for policymakers. Inflationary pressures caused the central bank to raise its key rate steadily from January 2004 until it was among the highest in the OECD in 2007 and 2008. The higher rate attracted international capital inflows, which strengthened the currency and housing market while aggravating the current account deficit. Rising house prices, especially in Auckland, have become a political issue in recent years, as well as a policy challenge in 2016 and 2017, as the ability to afford housing has declined for many.   Expanding New Zealand’s network of free trade agreements remains a top foreign policy priority. New Zealand was an early promoter of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and was the second country to ratify the agreement in May 2017. Following the United States’ withdrawal from the TPP in January 2017, on 10 November 2017 the remaining 11 countries agreed on the core elements of a modified agreement, which they renamed the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP). In November 2016, New Zealand opened negotiations to upgrade its FTA with China; China is one of New Zealand’s most important trading partners.Over the past 40 years, the government has transformed New Zealand from an agrarian economy, dependent on concessionary British market access, to a more industrialized, free market economy that can compete globally. This dynamic growth has boosted real incomes, but left behind some at the bottom of the ladder and broadened and deepened the technological capabilities of the industrial sector. Per capita income rose for 10 consecutive years until 2007 in purchasing power parity terms, but fell in 2008-09. Debt-driven consumer spending drove robust growth in the first half of the decade, fueling a large balance of payments deficit that posed a challenge for policymakers. Inflationary pressures caused the central bank to raise its key rate steadily from January 2004 until it was among the highest in the OECD in 2007 and 2008. The higher rate attracted international capital inflows, which strengthened the currency and housing market while aggravating the current account deficit. Rising house prices, especially in Auckland, have become a political issue in recent years, as well as a policy challenge in 2016 and 2017, as the ability to afford housing has declined for many. Expanding New Zealand’s network of free trade agreements remains a top foreign policy priority. New Zealand was an early promoter of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and was the second country to ratify the agreement in May 2017. Following the United States’ withdrawal from the TPP in January 2017, on 10 November 2017 the remaining 11 countries agreed on the core elements of a modified agreement, which they renamed the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP). In November 2016, New Zealand opened negotiations to upgrade its FTA with China; China is one of New Zealand’s most important trading partners.
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): $215.6 billion (2020 est.)

$213.5 billion (2019 est.)

$210.07 billion (2018 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars
Real GDP growth rate: 2.22% (2019 est.)

3.22% (2018 est.)

3.8% (2017 est.)
Real GDP per capita: $42,400 (2020 est.)

$42,900 (2019 est.)

$42,900 (2018 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate): $205.202 billion (2019 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 1.6% (2019 est.)

1.5% (2018 est.)

1.8% (2017 est.)
Credit ratings: Fitch rating: AA (2011)

Moody's rating: Aaa (2002)

Standard & Poors rating: AA (2011)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 5.7% (2017 est.)

industry: 21.5% (2017 est.)

services: 72.8% (2017 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 57.2% (2017 est.)

government consumption: 18.2% (2017 est.)

investment in fixed capital: 23.4% (2017 est.)

investment in inventories: 0.3% (2017 est.)

exports of goods and services: 27% (2017 est.)

imports of goods and services: -26.1% (2017 est.)
Agricultural products: milk, beef, kiwi fruit, apples, potatoes, mutton, grapes, wheat, barley, green onions/shallots
Industries: agriculture, forestry, fishing, logs and wood articles, manufacturing, mining, construction, financial services, real estate services, tourism
Industrial production growth rate: 1.8% (2017 est.)
Labor force: 2.709 million (2020 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 6.6%

industry: 20.7%

services: 72.7% (2017 est.)
Unemployment rate: 4.13% (2019 est.)

4.32% (2018 est.)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 12.4%

male: 12.2%

female: 12.6% (2020 est.)
Population below poverty line: NA
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: 36.2 (1997)
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: NA

highest 10%: NA
Budget: revenues: 74.11 billion (2017 est.)

expenditures: 70.97 billion (2017 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): 1.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Public debt: 31.7% of GDP (2017 est.)

33.5% of GDP (2016 est.)
Taxes and other revenues: 36.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March

note: this is the fiscal year for tax purposes
Current account balance: -$6.962 billion (2019 est.)

-$8.742 billion (2018 est.)
Exports: $50.43 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$57.16 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$57.71 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners: China 28%, Australia 14%, United States 9%, Japan 6% (2019)
Exports - commodities: dairy products, sheep/goat meats, lumber, beef products, fresh fruits (2019)
Imports: $47.86 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$57.75 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$58.39 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners: China 18%, Australia 15%, United States 9%, Japan 6%, Germany 5% (2019)
Imports - commodities: cars, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, delivery trucks, gas turbines (2019)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $20.68 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$17.81 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
Debt - external: $190.621 billion (2019 est.)

$192.327 billion (2018 est.)
Exchange rates: New Zealand dollars (NZD) per US dollar -

1.41794 (2020 est.)

1.52334 (2019 est.)

1.45709 (2018 est.)

1.4279 (2014 est.)

1.2039 (2013 est.)

Topic: Energy
Electricity access: electrification - total population: 100% (2020)
Electricity: installed generating capacity: 9.615 million kW (2020 est.)

consumption: 41,169,838,000 kWh (2019 est.)

exports: 0 kWh (2020 est.)

imports: 0 kWh (2020 est.)

transmission/distribution losses: 2,256,332,000 kWh (2019 est.)
Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels: 19.5% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

solar: 0.4% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

wind: 5.3% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

hydroelectricity: 54.8% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

tide and wave: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

geothermal: 18.6% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

biomass and waste: 1.4% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Coal: production: 3.226 million metric tons (2020 est.)

consumption: 3.001 million metric tons (2020 est.)

exports: 1.14 million metric tons (2020 est.)

imports: 1.09 million metric tons (2020 est.)

proven reserves: 7.575 billion metric tons (2019 est.)
Petroleum: total petroleum production: 13,400 bbl/day (2021 est.)

refined petroleum consumption: 184,600 bbl/day (2019 est.)

crude oil and lease condensate exports: 21,600 barrels/day (2018 est.)

crude oil and lease condensate imports: 99,900 barrels/day (2018 est.)

crude oil estimated reserves: 41 million barrels (2021 est.)
Refined petroleum products - production: 115,100 bbl/day (2017 est.)
Refined petroleum products - exports: 1,782 bbl/day (2017 est.)
Refined petroleum products - imports: 56,000 bbl/day (2017 est.)
Natural gas: production: 4,771,126,000 cubic meters (2019 est.)

consumption: 4,946,237,000 cubic meters (2019 est.)

exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)

imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)

proven reserves: 31.148 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions: 40.344 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from coal and metallurgical coke: 5.139 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from petroleum and other liquids: 25.76 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from consumed natural gas: 9.445 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)
Energy consumption per capita: 186.804 million Btu/person (2019 est.)

Topic: Communications
Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions: 858,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18 (2020 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions: 6.148 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 127 (2020 est.)
Telecommunication systems: general assessment: the principal growth areas in in New Zealand’s telecom market have been in mobile broadband and fiber; the UFB1 rollout was completed in November 2019 and the UFB2 rollout is scheduled to be completed by the end of 2022; Chorus noted that as of the beginning of 2022, 1Gb/s plans accounted for about 23% of all fiber connections, while 43% of business customers adopted a gigabit service; New Zealand’s mobile market continues to undergo significant developments; there have been considerable gains made in LTE services, with effective competition between Spark, Vodafone NZ, and 2degrees; the widening coverage of LTE networks has been supported by the Rural Broadband Initiative rollout, which added a significant number of mobile sites to new or underserved areas; as the initiative is winding down, this has enabled the participating telcos to invest in NB-IoT and other platforms; Vodafone NZ expects to extend its NB-IoT footprint to cover at least 60% of the country by 2024; the market is undergoing additional consolidation, with approval of the merger between 2degrees and Orcon Group having been granted by regulators in May 2022; this will create the country’s third-largest integrated telco, offering fixed and mobile services in competition with Spark and Vodafone NZ. The merger proposal came fast of the heels of Vocus Group and its local subsidiary Orcon having acquired 2degrees from Trilogy International in December 2021; this deal created a new company, Voyage Digital. (2022)

domestic: fixed-line roughly 37 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership 136 per 100 persons (2019)

international: country code - 64; landing points for the Southern Cross NEXT, Aqualink, Nelson-Levin, SCCN and Hawaiki submarine cable system providing links to Australia, Fiji, American Samoa, Kiribati, Samo, Tokelau, US and around New Zealand; satellite earth stations - 8 (1 Inmarsat - Pacific Ocean, 7 other) (2019)

note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress towards 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
Broadcast media: state-owned Television New Zealand operates multiple TV networks and state-owned Radio New Zealand operates 3 radio networks and an external shortwave radio service to the South Pacific region; a small number of national commercial TV and radio stations and many regional commercial television and radio stations are available; cable and satellite TV systems are available, as are a range of streaming services (2019)
Internet country code: .nz
Internet users: total: 4,677,556 (2020 est.)

percent of population: 92% (2020 est.)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total: 1,764,984 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37 (2020 est.)

Topic: Transportation
National air transport system: number of registered air carriers: 15 (2020)

inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 199

annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 17,249,049 (2018)

annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 1,349,300,000 (2018) mt-km
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: ZK
Airports: total: 123 (2021)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 39

over 3,047 m: 2

2,438 to 3,047 m: 1

1,524 to 2,437 m: 12

914 to 1,523 m: 23

under 914 m: 1 (2021)
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 84

1,524 to 2,437 m: 3

914 to 1,523 m: 33

under 914 m: 48 (2021)
Pipelines: 331 km condensate, 2,500 km gas, 172 km liquid petroleum gas, 288 km oil, 198 km refined products (2018)
Railways: total: 4,128 km (2018)

narrow gauge: 4,128 km (2018) 1.067-m gauge (506 km electrified)
Roadways: total: 94,000 km (2017)

paved: 61,600 km (2017) (includes 199 km of expressways)

unpaved: 32,400 km (2017)
Merchant marine: total: 115

by type: container ship 1, general cargo 12, oil tanker 4, other 98 (2021)
Ports and terminals: major seaport(s): Auckland, Lyttelton, Manukau Harbor, Marsden Point, Tauranga, Wellington

Topic: Military and Security
Military and security forces: New Zealand Defense Force (NZDF): New Zealand Army, Royal New Zealand Navy, Royal New Zealand Air Force (2022)
Military expenditures: 1.3% of GDP (2021 est.)

1.5% of GDP (2020)

1.4% of GDP (2019) (approximately $3.1 billion)

1.2% of GDP (2018) (approximately $2.62 billion)

1.1% of GDP (2017) (approximately $2.43 billion)
Military and security service personnel strengths: the New Zealand Defense Force (NZDF) has about 9,500 active duty troops (4,700 Army; 2,300 Navy; 2,500 Air Force) (2022)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions: NZDF is equipped mostly with imported weapons and equipment from Western suppliers; the US is the leading provider since 2010 (2022)
Military service age and obligation: 17 years of age for voluntary military service (men and women); soldiers cannot be deployed until the age of 18; no conscription (2022)

note: New Zealand opened up all military occupations to women in 2000; in 2019, women accounted for about 18% of the uniformed full-time personnel
Military deployments: up to 220 Antarctica (summer season only) (2022)
Military - note: New Zealand is a member of the Five Powers Defense Arrangements (FPDA), a series of mutual assistance agreements reached in 1971 embracing Australia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, and the UK; the FPDA commits the members to consult with one another in the event or threat of an armed attack on any of the members and to mutually decide what measures should be taken, jointly or separately; there is no specific obligation to intervene militarily

New Zealand has been part of the Australia, New Zealand, and US Security (ANZUS) Treaty since 1951; however, the US suspended its ANZUS security obligations to New Zealand in 1986 after New Zealand implemented a policy barring nuclear-armed and nuclear-powered warships from its ports; the US and New Zealand signed the Wellington Declaration in 2010, which reaffirmed close ties between the two countries, and in 2012 signed the Washington Declaration, which provided a framework for future security cooperation and defense dialogues; in 2016, a US naval ship conducted the first bilateral warship visit to New Zealand since the 1980s

New Zealand has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments (2022)

Topic: Terrorism
Terrorist group(s): Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS)

note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T

Topic: Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: New Zealand-Antarctica: asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica (Ross Dependency)New Zealand-Antarctica: asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica (Ross Dependency)
Illicit drugs: significant consumer of amphetamines


This entry describes one of the two major surface hydrological features of a country: large localized water bodies termed lakes (the other feature is rivers). The entry contains a list of major natural lakes, defined as having an area of 500 sq km or greater. Taken together with major rivers, these features constitute the primary sources of surface freshwater.

Topic: AfghanistanSalt water lake(s): Ab-e Istadah-ye Muqur (endorheic basin) - 520 sq km

Topic: AlbaniaFresh water lake(s): Lake Scutari (shared with Montenegro) - 400 sq km
note - largest lake in the Balkans

Topic: ArgentinaFresh water lake(s): Lago Buenos Aires (shared with Chile) - 2,240 sq km; Lago Argentino - 1,410 sq km; Lago Viedma - 1,090 sq km; Lago San Martin (shared with Chile) - 1,010 sq km; Lago Colhue Huapi - 800 sq km; Lago Fagnano (shared with Chile) - 590 sq km; Lago Nahuel Huapi - 550 sq km

Salt water lake(s): Laguna Mar Chiquita - 1,850 sq km;

Topic: ArmeniaFresh water lake(s): Lake Sevan - 1,360 sq km

Topic: AustraliaFresh water lake(s): Lake Alexandrina - 570 sq km

Salt water lake(s): Lake Eyre - 9,690 sq km; Lake Torrens (ephemeral) - 5,780 sq km; Lake Gairdner - 4,470 sq km; Lake Mackay (ephemeral) - 3,494 sq km; Lake Frome - 2,410 sq km; Lake Amadeus (ephemeral) - 1,032 sq km

Topic: AustriaFresh water lake(s): Lake Constance (shared with Switzerland and Germany) - 540 sq km

Topic: AzerbaijanSalt water lake(s): Caspian Sea (shared with Iran, Russia, Turkmenistan, and Kazakhstan) - 374,000 sq km

Topic: BoliviaFresh water lake(s): Lago Titicaca (shared with Peru) - 8,030 sq km

Salt water lake(s): Lago Poopo - 1,340 sq km

Topic: BrazilFresh water lake(s): Lagoa dos Patos - 10,140 sq km

Salt water lake(s): Lagoa Mirim (shared with Uruguay) - 2,970 sq km

Topic: BurundiFresh water lake(s): Lake Tanganyika (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia) - 32,000 sq km

Topic: CambodiaFresh water lake(s): Tonle Sap - 2,700-16,000 sq km

Topic: CameroonFresh water lake(s): Lake Chad (endorheic lake shared with Niger, Nigeria, and Chad) - 10,360-25,900 sq km
note - area varies by season and year to year

Topic: CanadaFresh water lake(s): Huron* - 35,972 sq km; Great Bear Lake - 31,328 sq km; Superior* - 28,754 sq km; Great Slave Lake - 28,568 sq km; Lake Winnipeg - 24,387 sq km; Erie* - 12,776 sq km; Ontario* - 9,790 sq km; Lake Athabasca - 7,935 sq km; Reindeer Lake - 6,650 sq km; Nettilling Lake - 5,542 sq km
note - Great Lakes* area shown as Canadian waters

Topic: ChadFresh water lake(s): Lake Chad (endorheic lake shared with Niger, Nigeria, and Cameroon) - 10,360-25,900 sq km
note - area varies by season and year to year

Topic: ChileFresh water lake(s): Lago General Carrera (shared with Argentina) - 2,240 sq km; Lago O'Higgins (shared with Argentina) - 1,010 sq km; Lago Llanquihue - 800 sq km; Lago Fagnano (shared with Argentina) - 590 sq km

Topic: ChinaFresh water lake(s): Dongting Hu - 3,100 sq km; Poyang Hu - 3,350 sq km; Hongze Hu - 2,700 sq km; Tai Hu - 2,210 sq km; Hulun Nur - 1,590

Salt water lake(s): Quinghai Hu - 4,460 sq km; Nam Co - 2,500 sq km; Siling Co - 1,860 sq km; Tangra Yumco - 1,400 sq km; Bosten Hu 1,380 sq km

Topic: Congo, Democratic Republic of theFresh water lake(s): Lake Tanganyika (shared with Burundi, Tanzania, and Zambia) - 32,000 sq km; Lake Albert (shared with Uganda) - 5,590 sq km; Lake Mweru (shared with Zambia) - 4,350 sq km; Lac Mai-Ndombe - 2,300 sq km; Lake Kivu (shared with Rwanda) - 2,220 sq km; Lake Edward (shared with Uganda) - 2,150 sq km; Lac Tumba - 500 sq km; Lac Upemba - 530 sq km

Topic: Cote d'IvoireSalt water lake(s): Lagune Aby - 780 sq km

Topic: DjiboutiSalt water lake(s): Abhe Bad/Abhe Bid Hayk (shared with Ethiopia) - 780 sq km

Topic: Dominican RepublicSalt water lake(s): Lago de Enriquillo - 500 sq km

Topic: EgyptSalt water lake(s): Lake Manzala - 1,360 sq km
note - largest of Nile Delta lakes

Topic: EthiopiaFresh water lake(s): Lake Tana - 3,600 sq km; Abaya Hayk - 1,160 sq km; Ch'amo Hayk - 550 sq km

Salt water lake(s): Lake Turkana (shared with Kenya) - 6,400 sq km; Abhe Bid Hayk/Abhe Bad (shared with Djibouti) - 780 sq km;

Topic: FinlandFresh water lake(s): Saimaa - 1,760 sq km; Paijanne - 1,090 sq km; Inarijarvi - 1,000 sq km; Oulujarvi - 900 sq km; Pielinen - 850 sq km

Topic: FranceFresh water lake(s): Lake Geneva (shared with Switzerland) - 580 sq km

Topic: GermanyFresh water lake(s): Lake Constance (shared with Switzerland and Austria) - 540 sq km

Salt water lake(s): Stettiner Haff/Zalew Szczecinski (shared with Poland) - 900 sq km

Topic: GuatemalaFresh water lake(s): Lago de Izabal - 590 sq km

Topic: HondurasSalt water lake(s): Laguna de Caratasca - 1,110 sq km

Topic: HungaryFresh water lake(s): Lake Balaton - 590 sq km

Topic: IndiaSalt water lake(s): Chilika Lake - 1,170 sq km

Topic: IndonesiaFresh water lake(s): Danau Toba - 1,150 sq km
note - located in the caldera of a super volcano that erupted more than 70,000 years ago; it is the largest volcanic lake in the World

Topic: IranSalt water lake(s): Caspian Sea (shared with Russia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, and Kazakhstan) - 374,000 sq km; Lake Urmia - 5,200 sq km; Lake Namak - 750 sq km

Topic: IraqFresh water lake(s): Lake Hammar - 1,940 sq km

Topic: IsraelSalt water lake(s): Dead Sea (shared with Jordan and West Bank) - 1,020 sq km
note - endorheic hypersaline lake; 9.6 times saltier than the ocean; lake shore is 431 meters below sea level

Topic: JapanFresh water lake(s): Biwa-ko 688 sq km

Topic: JordanSalt water lake(s): Dead Sea (shared with Israel and West Bank) - 1,020 sq km
note - endorheic hypersaline lake; 9.6 times saltier than the ocean; lake shore is 431 meters below sea level

Topic: KazakhstanFresh water lake(s): Ozero Balkhash - 22,000 sq km; Ozero Zaysan - 1,800 sq km

Salt water lake(s): Caspian Sea (shared with Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, and Russia) - 374,000 sq km; Aral Sea (north) - 3,300 sq km; Ozero Alakol - 2,650 sq km; Ozero Teniz 1,590 sq km; Ozero Seletytenzi - 780 sq km; Ozero Sasykkol - 740 sq km

Topic: KenyaFresh water lake(s): Lake Victoria (shared with Tanzania and Uganda) - 62,940 sq km

Salt water lake(s): Lake Turkana (shared with Ethiopia) - 6,400 sq km

Topic: KyrgyzstanSalt water lake(s): Ozero Issyk-Kul 6,240 sq km
note - second largest saline lake after the Caspian Sea; second highest mountain lake after Lake Titicaca; it is an endorheic mountain basin; although surrounded by snow capped mountains it never freezes

Topic: LithuaniaSalt water lake(s): Curonian Lagoon (shared with Russia) - 1,620 sq km

Topic: MalawiFresh water lake(s): Lake Malawi (shared with Mozambique and Tanzania) - 22,490

Salt water lake(s): Lake Chilwa - 1,040 sq km

Topic: MaliFresh water lake(s): Lac Faguibine - 590 sq km
note - the Niger River is the only source of water for the lake; in recent years the lake is dry

Topic: MexicoFresh water lake(s): Laguna de Chapala - 1,140 sq km

Salt water lake(s): Laguna de Terminos - 1,550 sq km

Topic: MongoliaFresh water lake(s): Hovsgol Nuur - 2,620 sq km; Har Us Nuur - 1,760 sq km;

Salt water lake(s): Uvs Nuur - 3,350 sq km; Hyargas Nuur - 1,360 sq km

Topic: MontenegroFresh water lake(s): Lake Scutari (shared with Albania) - 400 sq km
note - largest lake in the Balkans

Topic: MozambiqueFresh water lake(s): Lake Malawi (shared with Malawi and Tanzania) - 22,490

Topic: New ZealandFresh water lake(s): Lake Taupo - 610 sq km

Topic: NicaraguaFresh water lake(s): Lago de Nicaragua - 8,150 sq km; Lago de Managua - 1,040 sq km

Topic: NigerFresh water lake(s): Lake Chad (endorheic lake shared with Chad, Nigeria, and Cameroon) - 10,360-25,900 sq km
note - area varies by season and year to year

Topic: NigeriaFresh water lake(s): Lake Chad (endorheic lake shared with Niger, Chad, and Cameroon) - 10,360-25,900 sq km
note - area varies by season and year to year

Topic: PanamaSalt water lake(s): Laguna de Chiriqui - 900 sq km

Topic: PeruFresh water lake(s): Lago Titicaca (shared with Bolivia) - 8,030 sq km

Topic: PhilippinesSalt water lake(s): Laguna de Bay - 890 sq km

Topic: PolandSalt water lake(s): Zalew Szczecinski/Stettiner Haff (shared with Germany) - 900 sq km

Topic: RussiaFresh water lake(s): Lake Baikal - 31,500 sq km; Lake Ladoga - 18,130 sq km; Lake Onega - 9,720 sq km; Lake Khanka (shared with China) - 5,010 sq km; Lake Peipus - 4,300 sq km; Ozero Vygozero - 1,250 sq km; Ozero Beloye - 1,120 sq km

Salt water lake(s): Caspian Sea (shared with Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, and Kazakhstan) - 374,000 sq km; Ozero Malyye Chany - 2,500 sq km; Curonian Lagoon (shared with Lithuania) - 1,620 sq km
note - the Caspian Sea is the World's largest lake

Topic: RwandaFresh water lake(s): Lake Kivu (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo) - 2,220 sq km

Topic: SwedenFresh water lake(s): Vanern - 5,580 sq km; Vattern - 1,910 sq km; Malaren - 1,140 sq km

Topic: SwitzerlandFresh water lake(s): Lake Constance (shared with Germany and Austria) - 540 sq km; Lake Geneva (shared with France) - 580 sq km

Topic: TanzaniaFresh water lake(s): Lake Victoria (shared with Uganda and Kenya) - 62,940 sq km; Lake Tanganyika (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, and Zambia) - 32,000 sq km; Lake Malawi (shared with Mozambique and Malawi) - 22,490

Salt water lake(s): Lake Rukwa - 5,760 sq km

Topic: ThailandSalt water lake(s): Thalesap Songkhla - 1,290 sq km

Topic: Turkey (Turkiye)Fresh water lake(s): Lake Beysehir - 650 sq km; Lake Egridir - 520 sq km

Salt water lake(s): Lake Van - 3,740 sq km; Lake Tuz - 1,640 sq km;

Topic: TurkmenistanSalt water lake(s): Caspian Sea (shared with Iran, Azerbaijan, Russia, and Kazakhstan) - 374,000 sq km

Topic: UgandaFresh water lake(s): Lake Victoria (shared with Tanzania and Kenya) - 62,940 sq km; Lake Albert (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo) - 5,590 sq km; Lake Kyoga - 4,430 sq km; Lake Edward (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo) - 2,150 sq km

Topic: United StatesFresh water lake(s): Michigan – 57,750 sq km; Superior* – 53,348 sq km; Huron* – 23,597 sq km; Erie* – 12,890 sq km; Ontario* – 9,220 sq km; Lake of the Woods – 4,350 sq km; Iliamna – 2,590 sq km; Okeechobee – 1,810 sq km; Belcharof – 1,190 sq km; Red – 1,170 sq km; Saint Clair – 1,113 sq km; Champlain – 1,100 sq km
note - Great Lakes* area shown as US waters

Salt water lake(s): Great Salt – 4,360 sq km; Pontchartrain – 1,620 sq km;  Selawik – 1,400 sq km; Salton Sea – 950 sq km

Topic: UruguaySalt water lake(s): Lagoa Mirim (shared with Brazil) - 2,970 sq km

Topic: UzbekistanFresh water lake(s): Aral Sea (shared with Kazakhstan) - largely dried up

Topic: VenezuelaSalt water lake(s): Lago de Maracaibo - 13,010 sq km

Topic: West BankSalt water lake(s): Dead Sea (shared with Jordan and Israel) - 1,020 sq km
note - endorheic hypersaline lake; 9.6 times saltier than the ocean; lake shore is 431 meters below sea level

Topic: Worldtop ten largest natural lakes: Caspian Sea (Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan) 374,000 sq km; Lake Superior (Canada, United States) 82,100 sq km; Lake Victoria (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda) 62,940 sq km; Lake Huron (Canada, United States) 59,600 sq km; Lake Michigan (United States) 57,750 sq km; Lake Tanganyika (Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Zambia) 32,000 sq km; Great Bear Lake (Canada) 31,328 sq km; Lake Baikal (Russia) 31,500 sq km; Lake Malawi (Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania) 22,490 sq km; Great Slave Lake (Canada) 28,568 sq km

note 1: the areas of the lakes are subject to seasonal variation; only the Caspian Sea is saline, the rest are fresh water

note 2: Lakes Huron and Michigan are technically a single lake because the flow of water between the Straits of Mackinac that connects the two lakes keeps their water levels at near-equilibrium; combined, Lake Huron-Michigan is the largest freshwater lake by surface area in the world

Topic: ZambiaFresh water lake(s): Lake Tanganyika (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, and Burundi) - 32,000 sq km; Lake Mweru (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo) - 4,350 sq km; Lake Bangweulu - 4,000-15,000 sq km seasonal variation


This entry is the country's total imports of refined petroleum products, in barrels per day (bbl/day).

Topic: Afghanistan34,210 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Albania26,660 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Algeria82,930 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: American Samoa2,346 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Angola111,600 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Antigua and Barbuda5,065 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Argentina121,400 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Armenia7,145 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Aruba7,891 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Australia619,600 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Austria135,500 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Azerbaijan5,576 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Bahamas, The19,150 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Bahrain14,530 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Bangladesh81,570 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Barbados10,630 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Belarus14,630 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Belgium601,400 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Belize4,161 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Benin38,040 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Bermuda3,939 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Bhutan3,120 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Bolivia20,620 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Bosnia and Herzegovina18,280 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Botswana21,090 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Brazil490,400 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: British Virgin Islands1,227 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Brunei6,948 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Bulgaria49,260 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Burkina Faso23,580 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Burma102,600 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Burundi1,374 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Cabo Verde5,607 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Cambodia43,030 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Cameroon14,090 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Canada405,700 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Cayman Islands4,285 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Central African Republic2,799 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Chad2,285 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Chile166,400 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: China1.16 million bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Colombia57,170 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Comoros1,241 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Congo, Democratic Republic of the21,140 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Congo, Republic of the7,162 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Cook Islands611 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Costa Rica51,320 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Cote d'Ivoire7,405 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Croatia35,530 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Cuba52,750 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Curacao45,800 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Cyprus49,240 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Czechia83,860 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Denmark109,700 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Djibouti6,692 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Dominica1,237 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Dominican Republic108,500 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Ecuador153,900 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Egypt280,200 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: El Salvador49,280 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Equatorial Guinea5,094 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Eritrea3,897 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Estonia35,520 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Eswatini5,279 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Ethiopia69,970 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: European Union8.613 million bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)286 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Faroe Islands4,555 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Fiji17,460 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Finland122,200 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: France886,800 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: French Polynesia6,785 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Gabon10,680 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Gambia, The3,738 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Georgia28,490 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Germany883,800 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Ghana85,110 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Gibraltar74,200 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Greece192,200 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Greenland3,973 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Grenada1,886 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Guam13,500 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Guatemala97,900 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Guinea18,460 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Guinea-Bissau2,625 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Guyana13,720 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Haiti20,030 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Honduras56,120 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Hong Kong402,100 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Hungary82,110 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Iceland20,220 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: India653,300 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Indonesia591,500 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Iran64,160 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Iraq255,100 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Ireland126,600 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Israel98,860 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Italy422,500 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Jamaica30,580 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Japan1.1 million bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Jordan68,460 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Kazakhstan39,120 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Kenya90,620 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Kiribati420 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Korea, North8,260 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Korea, South908,800 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Kosovo14,040 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Kuwait0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Kyrgyzstan34,280 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Laos17,460 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Latvia54,370 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Lebanon151,100 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Lesotho5,118 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Liberia8,181 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Libya168,200 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Lithuania42,490 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Luxembourg59,020 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Macau14,180 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Madagascar18,880 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Malawi4,769 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Malaysia304,600 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Maldives10,840 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Mali20,610 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Malta52,290 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Marshall Islands2,060 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Mauritania17,290 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Mauritius26,960 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Mexico867,500 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Moldova18,160 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Mongolia24,190 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Montenegro6,448 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Montserrat406 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Morocco229,300 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Mozambique25,130 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Namibia26,270 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Nauru449 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Nepal26,120 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Netherlands2.148 million bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: New Caledonia19,100 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: New Zealand56,000 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Nicaragua20,120 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Niger3,799 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Nigeria223,400 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Niue54 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: North Macedonia23,560 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Norway135,300 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Oman6,041 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Pakistan264,500 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Panama129,200 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Papua New Guinea17,110 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Paraguay40,760 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Peru65,400 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Philippines211,400 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Poland222,300 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Portugal78,700 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Puerto Rico127,100 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Qatar12,300 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Romania49,420 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Russia41,920 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Rwanda6,628 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha65 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Saint Kitts and Nevis1,743 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Saint Lucia3,113 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Saint Pierre and Miquelon650 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines1,621 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Samoa2,363 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Sao Tome and Principe1,027 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Saudi Arabia609,600 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Senegal32,050 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Serbia18,720 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Seychelles7,225 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Sierra Leone6,439 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Singapore2.335 million bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Sint Maarten10,440 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Slovakia38,340 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Slovenia93,060 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Solomon Islands1,577 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Somalia5,590 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: South Africa195,200 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: South Sudan7,160 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Spain464,800 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Sri Lanka66,280 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Sudan24,340 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Suriname10,700 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Svalbard18,600 bbl/day (2012 est.)

Topic: Sweden229,600 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Switzerland165,100 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Syria38,080 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Taiwan418,300 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Tajikistan22,460 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Tanzania67,830 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Thailand134,200 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Timor-Leste3,481 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Togo13,100 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Tonga910 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Trinidad and Tobago0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Tunisia85,340 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Turkey (Turkiye)560,000 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Turkmenistan0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Turks and Caicos Islands1,369 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Uganda31,490 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Ukraine167,000 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: United Arab Emirates392,000 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: United Kingdom907,500 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: United States2.175 million bbl/day (2017 est.)

Topic: Uruguay9,591 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Uzbekistan0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Vanuatu1,073 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Venezuela20,640 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Vietnam282,800 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Virgin Islands23,480 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: West Bank22,740 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: World28.62 million bbl/day (2014 est.)

Topic: Yemen75,940 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Zambia10,150 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Topic: Zimbabwe26,400 bbl/day (2015 est.)