Topic: Photos of Lithuania

Topic: Introduction
Background: Lithuanian lands were united under MINDAUGAS in 1236; over the next century, through alliances and conquest, Lithuania extended its territory to include most of present-day Belarus and Ukraine. By the end of the 14th century Lithuania was the largest state in Europe. An alliance with Poland in 1386 led the two countries into a union through the person of a common ruler. In 1569, Lithuania and Poland formally united into a single dual state, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This entity survived until 1795 when its remnants were partitioned by surrounding countries. Lithuania regained its independence following World War I but was annexed by the USSR in 1940 - an action never recognized by the US and many other countries. On 11 March 1990, Lithuania became the first of the Soviet republics to declare its independence, but Moscow did not recognize this proclamation until September of 1991 (following the abortive coup in Moscow). The last Russian troops withdrew in 1993. Lithuania subsequently restructured its economy for integration into Western European institutions; it joined both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004. In 2015, Lithuania joined the euro zone, and it joined the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in 2018.Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Topic: Geography
Location: Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia, west of Belarus
Geographic coordinates: 56 00 N, 24 00 E
Map references: Europe
Area: total: 65,300 sq km

land: 62,680 sq km

water: 2,620 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly larger than West Virginia
Land boundaries: total: 1,545 km

border countries (4): Belarus 640 km; Latvia 544 km; Poland 100 km; Russia (Kaliningrad) 261 km
Coastline: 90 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate: transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers
Terrain: lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil
Elevation: highest point: Aukstojas 294 m

lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m

mean elevation: 110 m
Natural resources: peat, arable land, amber
Land use: agricultural land: 44.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 34.9% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.5% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 9.4% (2018 est.)

forest: 34.6% (2018 est.)

other: 20.6% (2018 est.)
Irrigated land: 44 sq km (2012)
Major lakes (area sq km): Salt water lake(s): Curonian Lagoon (shared with Russia) - 1,620 sq km
Population distribution: fairly even population distribution throughout the country, but somewhat greater concentrations in the southern cities of Vilnius and Kaunas, and the western port of Klaipeda
Natural hazards: occasional floods, droughts
Geography - note: fertile central plains are separated by hilly uplands that are ancient glacial deposits
Map description: Lithuania map showing major cities as well as parts of surrounding countries and the Baltic Sea.Lithuania map showing major cities as well as parts of surrounding countries and the Baltic Sea.

Topic: People and Society
Population: 2,683,546 (2022 est.)
Nationality: noun: Lithuanian(s)

adjective: Lithuanian
Ethnic groups: Lithuanian 84.6%, Polish 6.5%, Russian 5%, Belarusian 1%, other 1.1%, unspecified 1.8% (2021 est.)
Languages: Lithuanian (official) 85.3%, Russian 6.8%, Polish 5.1%, other 1.1%, two mother tongues 1.7%% (2021 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Pasaulio enciklopedija – naudingas bendrosios informacijos šaltinis. (Lithuanian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions: Roman Catholic 74.2%, Russian Orthodox 3.7%, Old Believer 0.6%, Evangelical Lutheran 0.6%, Evangelical Reformist 0.2%, other (including Sunni Muslim Jewish, Greek Catholic, and Karaite) 0.9%, none 6.1%, unspecified 13.7% (2021 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 15.26% (male 213,802/female 202,948)

15-24 years: 10.23% (male 144,679/female 134,822)

25-54 years: 38.96% (male 528,706/female 535,485)

55-64 years: 15.1% (male 183,854/female 228,585)

65 years and over: 20.45% (2020 est.) (male 190,025/female 368,558)
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 56.5

youth dependency ratio: 24.2

elderly dependency ratio: 32.3

potential support ratio: 3.1 (2020 est.)
Median age: total: 44.5 years

male: 40.2 years

female: 48.2 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate: -1.04% (2022 est.)
Birth rate: 9.26 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate: 15.12 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Net migration rate: -4.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Population distribution: fairly even population distribution throughout the country, but somewhat greater concentrations in the southern cities of Vilnius and Kaunas, and the western port of Klaipeda
Urbanization: urban population: 68.5% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: -0.12% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population: 541,000 VILNIUS (capital) (2022)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.81 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.45 male(s)/female

total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth: 28.2 years (2020 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio: 5 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)
Infant mortality rate: total: 3.63 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 4.09 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 3.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2022 est.)
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 75.78 years

male: 70.42 years

female: 81.44 years (2022 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.61 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate: NA
Drinking water source: improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 93.8% of population

total: 98% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 6.2% of population

total: 2% of population (2020 est.)
Current Health Expenditure: 7% (2019)
Physicians density: 5.08 physicians/1,000 population (2020)
Hospital bed density: 6.4 beds/1,000 population (2018)
Sanitation facility access: improved: urban: 99.5% of population

rural: 88.7% of population

total: 96% of population

unimproved: urban: 0.5% of population

rural: 11.3% of population

total: 4% of population (2020 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.1% (2019 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 3,400 (2019 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths: (2019 est.) <100
Major infectious diseases: degree of risk: intermediate (2020)

vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis
Obesity - adult prevalence rate: 26.3% (2016)
Tobacco use: total: 32% (2020 est.)

male: 42.1% (2020 est.)

female: 21.8% (2020 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: NA
Education expenditures: 3.9% of GDP (2018 est.)
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 99.8%

male: 99.8%

female: 99.8% (2015)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total: 16 years

male: 16 years

female: 17 years (2019)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 19.6%

male: 21.5%

female: 17.3% (2020 est.)

Topic: Environment
Environment - current issues: water pollution; air pollution; deforestation; threatened animal and plant species; chemicals and waste materials released into the environment contaminate soil and groundwater; soil degradation and erosion
Environment - international agreements: party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Air pollutants: particulate matter emissions: 11.49 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)

carbon dioxide emissions: 12.96 megatons (2016 est.)

methane emissions: 3.15 megatons (2020 est.)
Climate: transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers
Land use: agricultural land: 44.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 34.9% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.5% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 9.4% (2018 est.)

forest: 34.6% (2018 est.)

other: 20.6% (2018 est.)
Urbanization: urban population: 68.5% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: -0.12% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Revenue from forest resources: forest revenues: 0.31% of GDP (2018 est.)
Revenue from coal: coal revenues: 0% of GDP (2018 est.)
Major infectious diseases: degree of risk: intermediate (2020)

vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis
Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually: 1.3 million tons (2015 est.)

municipal solid waste recycled annually: 297,960 tons (2015 est.)

percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 22.9% (2015 est.)
Major lakes (area sq km): Salt water lake(s): Curonian Lagoon (shared with Russia) - 1,620 sq km
Total water withdrawal: municipal: 130.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

industrial: 69.7 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

agricultural: 58.9 million cubic meters (2017 est.)
Total renewable water resources: 24.5 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)

Topic: Government
Country name: conventional long form: Republic of Lithuania

conventional short form: Lithuania

local long form: Lietuvos Respublika

local short form: Lietuva

former: Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (while occupied by the USSR)

etymology: meaning of the name "Lietuva" remains unclear and is debated by scholars; it may derive from the Lietava, a stream in east central Lithuania
Government type: semi-presidential republic
Capital: name: Vilnius

geographic coordinates: 54 41 N, 25 19 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: named after the Vilnia River, which flows into the Neris River at Vilnius; the river name derives from the Lithuanian word "vilnis" meaning "a surge"
Administrative divisions: 60 municipalities (savivaldybe, singular - savivaldybe); Akmene, Alytaus Miestas, Alytus, Anksciai, Birstonas, Birzai, Druskininkai, Elektrenai, Ignalina, Jonava, Joniskis, Jurbarkas, Kaisiadorys, Kalvarija, Kauno Miestas, Kaunas, Kazlu Rudos, Kedainiai, Kelme, Klaipedos Miestas, Klaipeda, Kretinga, Kupiskis, Lazdijai, Marijampole, Mazeikiai, Moletai, Neringa, Pagegiai, Pakruojis, Palangos Miestas, Panevezio Miestas, Panevezys, Pasvalys, Plunge, Prienai, Radviliskis, Raseiniai, Rietavas, Rokiskis, Sakiai, Salcininkai, Siauliu Miestas, Siauliai, Silale, Silute, Sirvintos, Skuodas, Svencionys, Taurage, Telsiai, Trakai, Ukmerge, Utena, Varena, Vilkaviskis, Vilniaus Miestas, Vilnius, Visaginas, Zarasai
Independence: 16 February 1918 (from Soviet Russia and Germany); 11 March 1990 (declared from the Soviet Union); 6 September 1991 (recognized by the Soviet Union); notable earlier dates: 6 July 1253 (coronation of MINDAUGAS, traditional founding date); 1 July 1569 (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth created)
National holiday: Independence Day (or National Day), 16 February (1918); note - 16 February 1918 was the date Lithuania established its statehood and its concomitant independence from Soviet Russia and Germany; 11 March 1990 was the date it declared the restoration of Lithuanian statehood and its concomitant independence from the Soviet Union
Constitution: history: several previous; latest adopted by referendum 25 October 1992, entered into force 2 November 1992

amendments: proposed by at least one fourth of all Parliament members or by petition of at least 300,000 voters; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Parliament in each of two readings three months apart and a presidential signature; amendments to constitutional articles on national sovereignty and constitutional amendment procedure also require three-fourths voter approval in a referendum; amended many times, last in 2019
Legal system: civil law system; legislative acts can be appealed to the Constitutional Court
International law organization participation: accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship: citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Lithuania

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch: chief of state: President Gitanas NAUSEDA (since 12 July 2019)

head of government: Prime Minister Ingrida SIMONYTE (since 24 November 2020)

cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the president, and approved by Parliament

elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 12 and 26 May 2019 (next to be held in May 2024); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by Parliament

election results: 2019: Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 66.7%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (independent) 33.3%; Saulius SKVERNELIS (LVZS) approved as prime minister by Parliament vote - 62 to 10

2009: Dalia GRYBAUSKAITE elected president, 69.1%, Algirdas BUTKEVICIUS 11.8%, Valentinas MAZURONIS 6.2%, Valdemar TOMASEVSKI 4.7%, and other 8.2%

Legislative branch: description: unicameral Parliament or Seimas (141 seats; 71 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote and 70 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)

elections: last held on 11 and 25 October 2020 (next to be held in October 2024)

election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - TS-LKD 50, LVZS 32, LSDP 13, LRLS 13, Freedom 11, DP 10, AWPL 3, LSDDP 3, LT 1, Greens 1, independent 4; composition as of July 2022 - men 101, women 40, percent of women 28.4%
Judicial branch: highest courts: Supreme Court (consists of 37 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges)

judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the president and appointed by the Seimas; judges serve 5-year renewable terms; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the Seimas from nominations - 3 each by the president of the republic, the Seimas chairperson, and the Supreme Court president; judges serve 9-year, nonrenewable terms; one-third of membership reconstituted every 3 years

subordinate courts: Court of Appeals; district and local courts
Political parties and leaders: Electoral Action of Lithuanian Poles or LLRA [Valdemar TOMASEVSKI]
Freedom and Justice Party or LT [Remigijus ZEMAITAITIS]
Freedom Party or LP [Ausrine ARMONAITE]
Homeland Union-Lithuanian Christian Democrats or TS-LKD [Gabrielius LANDSBERGIS]
Labor Party or DP [Viktor USPASKICH]
Lithuanian Center Party or LCP [Naglis PUTEIKIS]
Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union or LVZS [Ramunas KARBAUSKIS]
Lithuanian Green Party or LZP [Remigijus LAPINSKAS]]
Lithuanian Liberal Movement or LS or LRLS [Viktorija CMILYTE]
Lithuanian List or LL [Darius KUOLYS]
Lithuanian Social Democratic Labor Party or LSDDP [Gediminas KIRKILAS]
Lithuanian Social Democratic Party or LSDP [Gintautas PALUCKAS]
International organization participation: Australia Group, BA, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Audra PLEPYTE (since 7 July 2021)

chancery: 2622 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone: [1] (202) 234-5860

FAX: [1] (202) 328-0466

email address and website:
info@usa.mfa.lt

https://usa.mfa.lt/usa/en/

consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, New York
Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Robert S. GILCHRIST (since 4 February 2020)

embassy: Akmenu gatve 6, Vilnius, LT-03106

mailing address: 4510 Vilnius Place, Washington DC  20521-4510

telephone: [370] (5) 266-5500

FAX: [370] (5) 266-5510

email address and website:
consec@state.gov

https://lt.usembassy.gov/
Flag description: three equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), green, and red; yellow symbolizes golden fields, as well as the sun, light, and goodness; green represents the forests of the countryside, in addition to nature, freedom, and hope; red stands for courage and the blood spilled in defense of the homeland
National symbol(s): mounted knight known as Vytis (the Chaser), white stork; national colors: yellow, green, red
National anthem: name: "Tautiska giesme" (The National Song)

lyrics/music: Vincas KUDIRKA

note: adopted 1918, restored 1990; written in 1898 while Lithuania was a part of Russia; banned during the Soviet occupation from 1940 to 1990
National heritage: total World Heritage Sites: 4 (all cultural)

selected World Heritage Site locales: Vilnius Historic Center; Curonian Spit; Kernavė Archaeological Site; Struve Geodetic Arc

Topic: Economy
Economic overview: After the country declared independence from the Soviet Union in 1990, Lithuania faced an initial dislocation that is typical during transitions from a planned economy to a free-market economy. Macroeconomic stabilization policies, including privatization of most state-owned enterprises, and a strong commitment to a currency board arrangement led to an open and rapidly growing economy and rising consumer demand. Foreign investment and EU funding aided in the transition. Lithuania joined the WTO in May 2001, the EU in May 2004, and the euro zone in January 2015, and is now working to complete the OECD accession roadmap it received in July 2015. In 2017, joined the OECD Working Group on Bribery, an important step in the OECD accession process.   The Lithuanian economy was severely hit by the 2008-09 global financial crisis, but it has rebounded and become one of the fastest growing in the EU. Increases in exports, investment, and wage growth that supported consumption helped the economy grow by 3.6% in 2017. In 2015, Russia was Lithuania’s largest trading partner, followed by Poland, Germany, and Latvia; goods and services trade between the US and Lithuania totaled $2.2 billion. Lithuania opened a self-financed liquefied natural gas terminal in January 2015, providing the first non-Russian supply of natural gas to the Baltic States and reducing Lithuania’s dependence on Russian gas from 100% to approximately 30% in 2016.   Lithuania’s ongoing recovery hinges on improving the business environment, especially by liberalizing labor laws, and improving competitiveness and export growth, the latter hampered by economic slowdowns in the EU and Russia. In addition, a steady outflow of young and highly educated people is causing a shortage of skilled labor, which, combined with a rapidly aging population, could stress public finances and constrain long-term growth.After the country declared independence from the Soviet Union in 1990, Lithuania faced an initial dislocation that is typical during transitions from a planned economy to a free-market economy. Macroeconomic stabilization policies, including privatization of most state-owned enterprises, and a strong commitment to a currency board arrangement led to an open and rapidly growing economy and rising consumer demand. Foreign investment and EU funding aided in the transition. Lithuania joined the WTO in May 2001, the EU in May 2004, and the euro zone in January 2015, and is now working to complete the OECD accession roadmap it received in July 2015. In 2017, joined the OECD Working Group on Bribery, an important step in the OECD accession process. The Lithuanian economy was severely hit by the 2008-09 global financial crisis, but it has rebounded and become one of the fastest growing in the EU. Increases in exports, investment, and wage growth that supported consumption helped the economy grow by 3.6% in 2017. In 2015, Russia was Lithuania’s largest trading partner, followed by Poland, Germany, and Latvia; goods and services trade between the US and Lithuania totaled $2.2 billion. Lithuania opened a self-financed liquefied natural gas terminal in January 2015, providing the first non-Russian supply of natural gas to the Baltic States and reducing Lithuania’s dependence on Russian gas from 100% to approximately 30% in 2016. Lithuania’s ongoing recovery hinges on improving the business environment, especially by liberalizing labor laws, and improving competitiveness and export growth, the latter hampered by economic slowdowns in the EU and Russia. In addition, a steady outflow of young and highly educated people is causing a shortage of skilled labor, which, combined with a rapidly aging population, could stress public finances and constrain long-term growth.
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): $102.66 billion (2020 est.)

$103.56 billion (2019 est.)

$99.25 billion (2018 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars
Real GDP growth rate: 4.33% (2019 est.)

3.99% (2018 est.)

4.37% (2017 est.)
Real GDP per capita: $36,700 (2020 est.)

$37,100 (2019 est.)

$35,400 (2018 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate): $54.597 billion (2019 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.3% (2019 est.)

2.7% (2018 est.)

3.7% (2017 est.)
Credit ratings: Fitch rating: A (2020)

Moody's rating: A3 (2015)

Standard & Poors rating: A+ (2020)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 3.5% (2017 est.)

industry: 29.4% (2017 est.)

services: 67.2% (2017 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 63.9% (2017 est.)

government consumption: 16.6% (2017 est.)

investment in fixed capital: 18.8% (2017 est.)

investment in inventories: -1.3% (2017 est.)

exports of goods and services: 81.6% (2017 est.)

imports of goods and services: -79.3% (2017 est.)
Agricultural products: wheat, milk, sugar beet, rapeseed, barley, triticale, potatoes, oats, peas, beans
Industries: metal-cutting machine tools, electric motors, televisions, refrigerators and freezers, petroleum refining, shipbuilding (small ships), furniture, textiles, food processing, fertilizer, agricultural machinery, optical equipment, lasers, electronic components, computers, amber jewelry, information technology, video game development, app/software development, biotechnology
Industrial production growth rate: 5.9% (2017 est.)
Labor force: 1.333 million (2020 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 9.1%

industry: 25.2%

services: 65.8% (2015 est.)
Unemployment rate: 8.4% (2019 est.)

8.5% (2018 est.)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 19.6%

male: 21.5%

female: 17.3% (2020 est.)
Population below poverty line: 20.6% (2018 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: 37.3 (2017 est.)

35 (2014)
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 2.2%

highest 10%: 28.8% (2015)
Budget: revenues: 15.92 billion (2017 est.)

expenditures: 15.7 billion (2017 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): 0.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Public debt: 39.7% of GDP (2017 est.)

40.1% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: official data; data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities, debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are sold at public auctions
Taxes and other revenues: 33.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Current account balance: $1.817 billion (2019 est.)

$131 million (2018 est.)
Exports: $41.48 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$42.3 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$40.36 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners: Russia 13%, Latvia 9%, Poland 8%, Germany 7%, Estonia 5% (2019)
Exports - commodities: refined petroleum, furniture, cigarettes, wheat, polyethylene (2019)
Imports: $36.06 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$39.46 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$39.38 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners: Poland 12%, Russia 12%, Germany 12%, Latvia 7%, Netherlands 5% (2019)
Imports - commodities: crude petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, refined petroleum, electricity (2019)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $4.45 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$1.697 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Debt - external: $37.859 billion (2019 est.)

$41.999 billion (2018 est.)
Exchange rates: litai (LTL) per US dollar -

0.82771 (2020 est.)

0.90338 (2019 est.)

0.87789 (2018 est.)

0.9012 (2014 est.)

0.7525 (2013 est.)

Topic: Energy
Electricity access: electrification - total population: 100% (2020)
Electricity: installed generating capacity: 3.512 million kW (2020 est.)

consumption: 11.063 billion kWh (2020 est.)

exports: 4.105 billion kWh (2020 est.)

imports: 12.013 billion kWh (2020 est.)

transmission/distribution losses: 951 million kWh (2020 est.)
Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels: 38% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

solar: 3% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

wind: 35.5% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

hydroelectricity: 6.9% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

biomass and waste: 16.7% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Coal: production: 0 metric tons (2020 est.)

consumption: 221,000 metric tons (2020 est.)

exports: 75,000 metric tons (2020 est.)

imports: 268,000 metric tons (2020 est.)

proven reserves: 0 metric tons (2019 est.)
Petroleum: total petroleum production: 4,000 bbl/day (2021 est.)

refined petroleum consumption: 68,000 bbl/day (2019 est.)

crude oil and lease condensate exports: 900 barrels/day (2018 est.)

crude oil and lease condensate imports: 194,900 barrels/day (2018 est.)

crude oil estimated reserves: 12 million barrels (2021 est.)
Refined petroleum products - production: 196,500 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Refined petroleum products - exports: 174,800 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Refined petroleum products - imports: 42,490 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Natural gas: production: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)

consumption: 2,230,854,000 cubic meters (2019 est.)

exports: 497.923 million cubic meters (2020 est.)

imports: 2,818,513,000 cubic meters (2020 est.)

proven reserves: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions: 14.503 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from coal and metallurgical coke: 693,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from petroleum and other liquids: 9.488 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from consumed natural gas: 4.322 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)
Energy consumption per capita: 101.651 million Btu/person (2019 est.)

Topic: Communications
Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions: 322,108 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12 (2020 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions: 3,671,995 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 135 (2020 est.)
Telecommunication systems: general assessment: Lithuania’s small telecoms market is among the more advanced in Europe, particularly given the universal access to LTE infrastructure and the extensive fiber footprint; a number of alternative operators offer services although the incumbent Telia Lithuania remains the dominant player in the fixed-line and broadband sectors; in line with the country’s Digital Agenda, the focus among telcos has been to invest in fiber, with an emphasis on delivering gigabyte data speeds; SIM card penetration is relatively high for the region and most subscribers are higher ARPU postpaid subscribers; network operators continue to market mobile broadband services, made possible from investments in LTE technologies; LTE services are available nationally, and although there have been some initial trials of 5G commercial services are not expected to be launched until mid to late 2021; the regulator has consulted on the release of spectrum for 5G in a range of bands, and the auction is tentatively scheduled for the first quarter of 2021; according to regulator data, the total revenue of the electronic communications sector in the third quarter of 2020 was the highest it has been since the fourth quarter of 2010; revenue growth in the mobile sector was driven mainly mobile internet services. (2021)

domestic: nearly 12 per 100 for fixed-line subscriptions; rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services has resulted in a steady decline in the number of fixed-line connections; mobile-cellular teledensity stands at about 174 per 100 persons (2020)

international: country code - 370; landing points for the BCS East, BCS East-West Interlink and NordBalt connecting Lithuania to Sweden, and Latvia ; further transmission by satellite; landline connections to Latvia and Poland (2019)

note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress towards 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
Broadcast media: public broadcaster operates 3 channels with the third channel - a satellite channel - introduced in 2007; various privately owned commercial TV broadcasters operate national and multiple regional channels; many privately owned local TV stations; multi-channel cable and satellite TV services available; publicly owned broadcaster operates 3 radio networks; many privately owned commercial broadcasters, with repeater stations in various regions throughout the country
Internet country code: .lt
Internet users: total: 2,319,755 (2020 est.)

percent of population: 83% (2020 est.)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total: 796,814 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 29 (2020 est.)

Topic: Transportation
National air transport system: number of registered air carriers: 3 (2020)

inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 50

annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 26,031 (2018)
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: LY
Airports: total: 61 (2021)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 22

over 3,047 m: 3

2,438 to 3,047 m: 1

1,524 to 2,437 m: 7

914 to 1,523 m: 2

under 914 m: 9 (2021)
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 39

over 3,047 m: 1

914 to 1,523 m: 2

under 914 m: 36 (2021)
Pipelines: 1,921 km gas, 121 km refined products (2013)
Railways: total: 1,768 km (2014)

standard gauge: 22 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge

broad gauge: 1,746 km (2014) 1.520-m gauge (122 km electrified)
Roadways: total: 84,166 km (2012)

paved: 72,297 km (2012) (includes 312 km of expressways)

unpaved: 11,869 km (2012)
Waterways: 441 km (2007) (navigable year-round)
Merchant marine: total: 64

by type: container ship 4, general cargo 24, oil tanker 2, other 34 (2021)
Ports and terminals: major seaport(s): Klaipeda

oil terminal(s): Butinge oil terminal

LNG terminal(s) (import): Klaipeda

Topic: Military and Security
Military and security forces: Lithuanian Armed Forces (Lietuvos Ginkluotosios Pajegos): Land Forces (Sausumos Pajegos), Naval Forces (Karines Juru Pajegos), Air Forces (Karines Oro Pajegos), Special Operations Forces (Specialiuju Operaciju Pajegos); National Defense Volunteer Forces (Savanoriu Pajegos); National Riflemen's Union (2022)

note: the National Rifleman's Union is a paramilitary force that acts as an additional reserve force
Military expenditures: 2% of GDP (2021 est.)

2.1% of GDP (2020)

2% of GDP (2019) (approximately $1.7 billion)

2% of GDP (2018) (approximately $1.59 billion)

1.7% of GDP (2017) (approximately $1.34 billion)
Military and security service personnel strengths: approximately 17,000 active duty personnel (13,500 Army, including about 5,000 National Defense Voluntary Forces; 500 Navy; 1,000 Air Force; 2,000 other, including special operations forces, logistics support, training, etc); estimated 11,000 Riflemen Union (2022)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions: the Lithuanian Armed Forces' inventory is mostly a mix of Western weapons systems and Soviet-era equipment (primarily aircraft and helicopters); as of 2021, Germany was the leading supplier of armaments to Lithuania (2021)
Military service age and obligation: 19-26 years of age for conscripted military service (males); 9-month service obligation; in 2015, Lithuania reinstated conscription after having converted to a professional military in 2008; 18-38 for voluntary service (male and female) (2021)

note 1: Lithuania conscripts up to 4,000 males each year; conscripts are selected using an automated lottery system

note 2: as of 2019, women comprised about 12% of the military's full-time personnel
Military deployments: note: contributes about 350-550 troops to the Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine joint military brigade (LITPOLUKRBRIG), which was established in 2014; the brigade is headquartered in Poland and is comprised of an international staff, three battalions, and specialized units
Military - note: Lithuania became a member of NATO in 2004
 since 2017, Lithuania has hosted a German-led multi-national NATO ground force battlegroup as part of the Alliance’s Enhanced Forward Presence initiative; NATO also has provided air protection for Lithuania since 2004 through its Air Policing mission; NATO member countries that possess air combat capabilities voluntarily contribute to the mission on 4-month rotations; NATO fighter aircraft are hosted at Lithuania’s Šiauliai Air Base (2022)since 2017, Lithuania has hosted a German-led multi-national NATO ground force battlegroup as part of the Alliance’s Enhanced Forward Presence initiative; NATO also has provided air protection for Lithuania since 2004 through its Air Policing mission; NATO member countries that possess air combat capabilities voluntarily contribute to the mission on 4-month rotations; NATO fighter aircraft are hosted at Lithuania’s Šiauliai Air Base (2022)

Topic: Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: Lithuania-Belarus: as of January 2007, ground demarcation of the boundary with Belarus was complete and mapped with final ratification documents in preparation Lithuania-Lativa: boundary demarcated with Latvia was completed in 1998 Lithuania-Russia: Lithuania and Russia committed to demarcating their boundary in 2006 in accordance with the land and maritime treaty ratified by Russia in May 2003 and by Lithuania in 1999; Lithuania operates a simplified transit regime for Russian nationals traveling from the Kaliningrad coastal exclave into Russia, while still conforming, as a EU member state having an external border with a non-EU member, to strict Schengen border rules; in January 2018, demarcation of the Lithuania-Russia border was completedLithuania-Belarus: as of January 2007, ground demarcation of the boundary with Belarus was complete and mapped with final ratification documents in preparationLithuania-Lativa: boundary demarcated with Latvia was completed in 1998Lithuania-Russia: Lithuania and Russia committed to demarcating their boundary in 2006 in accordance with the land and maritime treaty ratified by Russia in May 2003 and by Lithuania in 1999; Lithuania operates a simplified transit regime for Russian nationals traveling from the Kaliningrad coastal exclave into Russia, while still conforming, as a EU member state having an external border with a non-EU member, to strict Schengen border rules; in January 2018, demarcation of the Lithuania-Russia border was completed
Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees (country of origin): 61,847 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)

stateless persons: 2,721 (mid-year 2021)
Illicit drugs: source country for  amphetamine tabletssource country for  amphetamine tablets


Topic: Photos of Jan Mayen

Topic: Introduction
Background: This desolate, arctic, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Beerenberg volcano, the northernmost active volcano on earth, resumed activity in 1970 and the most recent eruption occurred in 1985.Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Topic: Geography
Location: Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland
Geographic coordinates: 71 00 N, 8 00 W
Map references: Arctic Region
Area: total: 377 sq km

land: 377 sq km

water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries: total: 0 km
Coastline: 124.1 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm

contiguous zone: 24 nm

exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Climate: arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
Terrain: volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers
Elevation: highest point: Haakon VII Toppen on Beerenberg 2,277

lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m

note: Beerenberg volcano has numerous peaks; the highest point on the volcano rim is named Haakon VII Toppen, after Norway's first king following the reestablishment of Norwegian independence in 1905
Natural resources: none
Land use: agricultural land: 0% (2011 est.)

other: 100% (2018 est.)
Irrigated land: 0 sq km (2012)
Natural hazards: dominated by the volcano Beerenbergvolcanism: Beerenberg (2,227 m) is Norway's only active volcano; volcanic activity resumed in 1970; the most recent eruption occurred in 1985dominated by the volcano Beerenbergvolcanism: Beerenberg (2,227 m) is Norway's only active volcano; volcanic activity resumed in 1970; the most recent eruption occurred in 1985
Geography - note: barren volcanic spoon-shaped island with some moss and grass flora; island consists of two parts: a larger northeast Nord-Jan (the spoon "bowl") and the smaller Sor-Jan (the "handle"), linked by a 2.5 km-wide isthmus (the "stem") with two large lakes, Sorlaguna (South Lagoon) and Nordlaguna (North Lagoon)
Map description: Jan Mayen map showing the island – a territory of Norway – situated in the Greenland Sea.Jan Mayen map showing the island – a territory of Norway – situated in the Greenland Sea.

Topic: People and Society
Population: no indigenous inhabitants

note: military personnel operate the the weather and coastal services radio station
Age structure: 0-14 years: NA

15-24 years: NA

25-54 years: NA

55-64 years: NA

65 years and over: NA
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA
Birth rate: NA
Death rate: NA
Contraceptive prevalence rate: NA
Drinking water source: improved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: NA

unimproved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: NA
Current Health Expenditure: NA
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths: NA
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: NA
Education expenditures: NA

Topic: Environment
Environment - current issues: pollutants transported from southerly latitudes by winds, ocean currents, and rivers accumulate in the food chains of native animals; climate change
Climate: arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
Land use: agricultural land: 0% (2011 est.)

other: 100% (2018 est.)

Topic: Government
Country name: conventional long form: none

conventional short form: Jan Mayen

etymology: named after Dutch Captain Jan Jacobszoon MAY, one of the first explorers to reach the island in 1614
Dependency status: territory of Norway; since August 1994, administered from Oslo through the county governor (fylkesmann) of Nordland; however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service; in 2010, Norway designated the majority of Jan Mayen as a nature reserve
Legal system: the laws of Norway apply where applicable
Flag description: the flag of Norway is used

Topic: Economy
Economic overview: Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources, although surrounding waters contain substantial fish stocks and potential untapped petroleum resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations on the island.

Topic: Communications
Broadcast media: a coastal radio station has been remotely operated since 1994

Topic: Transportation
Airports: total: 1 (2021)
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 1

1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2021)
Ports and terminals: none; offshore anchorage only

Topic: Military and Security
Military - note: defense is the responsibility of Norway

Topic: Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: none identifiednone identified


Topic: Photos of Isle of Man

Topic: Introduction
Background: Part of the Norwegian Kingdom of the Hebrides until the 13th century when it was ceded to Scotland, the isle came under the British crown in 1765. Current concerns include reviving the almost extinct Manx Gaelic language. The Isle of Man is a British Crown dependency, which makes it a self-governing possession of the British Crown that is not part of the UK. The UK Government, however, remains constitutionally responsible for its defense and international representation.Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Topic: Geography
Location: Western Europe, island in the Irish Sea, between Great Britain and Ireland
Geographic coordinates: 54 15 N, 4 30 W
Map references: Europe
Area: total: 572 sq km

land: 572 sq km

water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly more than three times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries: total: 0 km
Coastline: 160 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm

exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm
Climate: temperate; cool summers and mild winters; overcast about a third of the time
Terrain: hills in north and south bisected by central valley
Elevation: highest point: Snaefell 621 m

lowest point: Irish Sea 0 m
Natural resources: none
Land use: agricultural land: 74.7% (2018 est.)

arable land: 43.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 30.9% (2018 est.)

forest: 6.1% (2018 est.)

other: 19.2% (2018 est.)
Irrigated land: 0 sq km (2012)
Population distribution: most people concentrated in cities and large towns of which Douglas, in the southeast, is the largest
Natural hazards: occasional high winds and rough seas
Geography - note: one small islet, the Calf of Man, lies to the southwest and is a bird sanctuary
Map description: Isle of Man map showing the major population centers of this UK crown dependency in the Irish Sea.Isle of Man map showing the major population centers of this UK crown dependency in the Irish Sea.

Topic: People and Society
Population: 91,382 (2022 est.)
Nationality: noun: Manxman(men), Manxwoman(women)

adjective: Manx
Ethnic groups: White 94.7%, Asian 3.1%, Mixed 1%, Black 0.6%, other 0.4% (2021 est.)

note: data represent population by nationality
Languages: English, Manx Gaelic (about 2% of the population has some knowledge)
Religions: Christian 54.7%, Muslim 0.5%, Buddhist 0.5%, Hindu 0.4%, Jewish 0.2%, none 43.8% (2021 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 16.28% (male 7,688/female 7,046)

15-24 years: 11.02% (male 5,328/female 4,642)

25-54 years: 37.8% (male 17,080/female 17,131)

55-64 years: 13.82% (male 6,284/female 6,219)

65 years and over: 21.08% (2020 est.) (male 9,023/female 10,058)
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: NA

youth dependency ratio: NA

elderly dependency ratio: NA

potential support ratio: NA
Median age: total: 44.6 years

male: 43.6 years

female: 45.6 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.52% (2022 est.)
Birth rate: 10.58 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate: 10.18 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Net migration rate: 4.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Population distribution: most people concentrated in cities and large towns of which Douglas, in the southeast, is the largest
Urbanization: urban population: 53.3% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 0.97% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population: 27,000 DOUGLAS (capital) (2018)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.08 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.18 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female

total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate: total: 4.24 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 4.59 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 3.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2022 est.)
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 82.04 years

male: 80.23 years

female: 84 years (2022 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.89 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate: NA
Drinking water source: improved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: 99.1% of population

unimproved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: 0.9% of population (2020)
Current Health Expenditure: NA
Sanitation facility access: improved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: NA

unimproved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: NA
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths: NA
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: NA
Education expenditures: NA
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 10.1%

male: 11.8%

female: 8.2% (2011 est.)

Topic: Environment
Environment - current issues: air pollution, marine pollution; waste disposal (both household and industrial)
Climate: temperate; cool summers and mild winters; overcast about a third of the time
Land use: agricultural land: 74.7% (2018 est.)

arable land: 43.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 30.9% (2018 est.)

forest: 6.1% (2018 est.)

other: 19.2% (2018 est.)
Urbanization: urban population: 53.3% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 0.97% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Revenue from forest resources: forest revenues: 0% of GDP (2017 est.)
Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually: 50,551 tons (2011 est.)

municipal solid waste recycled annually: 25,276 tons (2011 est.)

percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 50% (2011 est.)

Topic: Government
Country name: conventional long form: none

conventional short form: Isle of Man

abbreviation: I.O.M.

etymology: the name "man" may be derived from the Celtic word for "mountain"
Government type: parliamentary democracy (Tynwald)
Dependency status: British crown dependency
Capital: name: Douglas

geographic coordinates: 54 09 N, 4 29 W

time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: name derives from the Dhoo and Glass Rivers, which flow through the valley in which the town is located and which in Manx mean the "dark" and the "light" rivers respectively
Administrative divisions: none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 24 local authorities each with its own elections
Independence: none (British Crown dependency)
National holiday: Tynwald Day, 5 July (1417); date Tynwald Day was first recorded
Constitution: history: development of the Isle of Man constitution dates to at least the 14th century

amendments: proposed as a bill in the House of Keys, by the "Government," by a "Member of the House," or through petition to the House or Legislative Council; passage normally requires three separate readings and approval of at least 13 House members; following both House and Council agreement, assent is required by the lieutenant governor on behalf of the Crown; the constitution has been expanded and amended many times, last in 2020
Legal system: the laws of the UK apply where applicable and include Manx statutes
Citizenship: see United Kingdom
Suffrage: 16 years of age; universal
Executive branch: chief of state: Lord of Mann Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Lieutenant Governor Sir John LORIMER (since 29 September 2021)

head of government: Chief Minister Alfred CANNAN (since 12 October 2021)

cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the lieutenant governor

elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; lieutenant governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister indirectly elected by the Tynwald for a 5-year term (eligible for second term); election last held on 23 September 2021

election results: Alfred CANNAN (independent) elected chief minister; Tynwald House of Keys vote - 21 of 24
Legislative branch: description: bicameral Tynwald or the High Court of Tynwald consists of:
Legislative Council (11 seats; includes the President of Tynwald, 2 ex-officio members - the Lord Bishop of Sodor and Man and the attorney general (non-voting) - and 8 members indirectly elected by the House of Keys with renewal of 4 members every 2 years; elected members serve 4-year terms)
House of Keys (24 seats; 2 members directly elected by simple majority vote from 12 constituencies to serve 5-year terms)

elections:
Legislative Council - last held 29 February 2020 (next to be held on 28 February 2022)
House of Keys - last held on 23 September 2021 (next to be held in September 2026)

election results: Legislative Council - composition (as of 2021) - men 6, women 3, 2 vacancies; percent of women 27.3% House of Keys - percent of vote by party - Liberal Vannin 5.3%, Manx Labour Prty 5.1%, Green Party 3.3% independent 86.3%; seats by party - independent 21; Manx Labour Party 2, Liberal Vannin 1, Green Party 0; composition – men 14, women 10, percent of women 41.7%; note - total Tynwald percent of women 37.1%Legislative Council - composition (as of 2021) - men 6, women 3, 2 vacancies; percent of women 27.3%House of Keys - percent of vote by party - Liberal Vannin 5.3%, Manx Labour Prty 5.1%, Green Party 3.3% independent 86.3%; seats by party - independent 21; Manx Labour Party 2, Liberal Vannin 1, Green Party 0; composition – men 14, women 10, percent of women 41.7%; note - total Tynwald percent of women 37.1%
Judicial branch: highest courts: Isle of Man High Court of Justice (consists of 3 permanent judges or "deemsters" and 1 judge of appeal; organized into the Staff of Government Division or Court of Appeal and the Civil Division); the Court of General Gaol Delivery is not formally part of the High Court but is administered as though part of the High Court and deals with serious criminal cases; note - appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are referred to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)

judge selection and term of office: deemsters appointed by the Lord Chancellor of England on the nomination of the lieutenant governor; deemsters can serve until age 70

subordinate courts: High Court; Court of Summary Gaol Delivery; Summary Courts; Magistrate's Court; specialized courts
Political parties and leaders: Green Party [Andrew LANGAN-NEWTON]
Liberal Vannin Party [Lawrie HOOPER]
Manx Labor Party [Joney FARAGHER]
Mec Vannin [Mark KERMODE] (sometimes referred to as the Manx Nationalist Party)

note: most members sit as independentsGreen Party [Andrew LANGAN-NEWTON]
Liberal Vannin Party [Lawrie HOOPER]
Manx Labor Party [Joney FARAGHER]
Mec Vannin [Mark KERMODE] (sometimes referred to as the Manx Nationalist Party)
International organization participation: UPU
Diplomatic representation in the US: none (British crown dependency)
Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy: none (British crown dependency)
Flag description: red with the Three Legs of Man emblem (triskelion), in the center; the three legs are joined at the thigh and bent at the knee; in order to have the toes pointing clockwise on both sides of the flag, a two-sided emblem is used; the flag is based on the coat of arms of the last recognized Norse King of Mann, Magnus III (r. 1252-65); the triskelion has its roots in an early Celtic sun symbol
National symbol(s): triskelion (a motif of three legs); national colors: red, white
National anthem: name: "Arrane Ashoonagh dy Vannin" (O Land of Our Birth)

lyrics/music: William Henry GILL [English], John J. KNEEN [Manx]/traditional

note: adopted 2003, in use since 1907; serves as a local anthem; as a British Crown dependency, "God Save the Queen" is official (see United Kingdom) and is played when the sovereign, members of the royal family, or the lieutenant governor are present

Topic: Economy
Economic overview: Financial services, manufacturing, and tourism are key sectors of the economy. The government offers low taxes and other incentives to high-technology companies and financial institutions to locate on the island; this has paid off in expanding employment opportunities in high-income industries. As a result, agriculture and fishing, once the mainstays of the economy, have declined in their contributions to GDP. The Isle of Man also attracts online gambling sites and the film industry. Online gambling sites provided about 10% of the islands income in 2014. The Isle of Man currently enjoys free access to EU markets and trade is mostly with the UK. The Isle of Man’s trade relationship with the EU derives from the United Kingdom’s EU membership and will need to be renegotiated in light of the United Kingdom’s decision to withdraw from the bloc. A transition period is expected to allow the free movement of goods and agricultural products to the EU until the end of 2020 or until a new settlement is negotiated.
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): $6.792 billion (2015 est.)

$7.428 billion (2014 est.)

$6.298 billion (2013 est.)

note: data are in 2014 US dollars
Real GDP growth rate: -8.6% (2015 est.)

17.9% (2014 est.)

2.1% (2010 est.)
Real GDP per capita: $84,600 (2014 est.)

$86,200 (2013 est.)

$73,700 (2012 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate): $6.792 billion (2015 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4.1% (2017 est.)

1% (2016 est.)
Credit ratings: Moody's rating: Aa3 (2020)

Standard & Poors rating: N/A (2014)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 1% (FY12/13 est.)

industry: 13% (FY12/13 est.)

services: 86% (FY12/13 est.)
Agricultural products: cereals, vegetables; cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry
Industries: financial services, light manufacturing, tourism
Labor force: 41,790 (2006)
Labor force - by occupation: manufacturing: 5% (2006 est.)

construction: 8% (2006 est.)

tourism: 1% (2006 est.)

transport and communications: 9% (2006 est.)

agriculture, forestry, and fishing: 2% (2006 est.)

gas, electricity, and water: 1% (2006 est.)

wholesale and retail distribution: 11% (2006 est.)

professional and scientific services: 20% (2006 est.)

public administration: 7% (2006 est.)

banking and finance: 23% (2006 est.)

entertainment and catering: 5% (2006 est.)

miscellaneous services: 8% (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate: 1.1% (2017 est.)

2% (April 2011 est.)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 10.1%

male: 11.8%

female: 8.2% (2011 est.)
Population below poverty line: NA
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: NA

highest 10%: NA
Budget: revenues: 965 million (FY05/06 est.)

expenditures: 943 million (FY05/06 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): 0.3% (of GDP) (FY05/06 est.)
Taxes and other revenues: 14.2% (of GDP) (FY05/06 est.)
Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March
Exports: NANA
Exports - commodities: tweeds, herring, processed shellfish, beef, lamb
Imports: NANA
Imports - commodities: timber, fertilizers, fish
Debt - external: NANA
Exchange rates: Manx pounds (IMP) per US dollar -

0.7836 (2017 est.)

0.738 (2016 est.)

0.738 (2015)

0.6542 (2014)

0.6472 (2013 est.)

Topic: Energy
Electricity access: electrification - total population: 100% (2020)

Topic: Communications
Telecommunication systems: domestic: landline, telefax, mobile cellular telephone system

international: country code - 44; fiber-optic cable, microwave radio relay, satellite earth station, submarine cable

note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
Broadcast media: national public radio broadcasts over 3 FM stations and 1 AM station; 2 commercial broadcasters operating with 1 having multiple FM stations; receives radio and TV services via relays from British TV and radio broadcasters
Internet country code: .im

Topic: Transportation
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: M
Airports: total: 1 (2021)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 1

1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2021)
Railways: total: 63 km (2008)

narrow gauge: 6 km (2008) 1.076-m gauge (6 km electrified)

57 0.914-m gauge (29 km electrified) note: primarily summer tourist attractions
Roadways: total: 500 km (2008)
Ports and terminals: major seaport(s): Douglas, Ramsey

Topic: Military and Security
Military - note: defense is the responsibility of the UK

Topic: Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: none identifiednone identified


US State Dept Travel Advisory: The US Department of State currently recommends US citizens exercise normal precautions in New Zealand. Consult its website via the link below for updates to travel advisories and statements on safety, security, local laws, and special circumstances in New Zealand.

https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/traveladvisories/traveladvisories.html
Passport/Visa Requirements: US citizens should make sure their passport will not expire for at least 3 months after they enter the country even if they do not intend to stay that long. They should also make sure they have at least 1 blank page in their passport for any entry stamp that will be required. A visa is not required as long as you do not stay in the country more than 90 days.
US Embassy/Consulate: [64] (4) 462-6000; United States Embassy Wellington, 29 Fitzherbert Terrace, Thorndon, Wellington 6011, New Zealand; AucklandACS@state.gov;

https://nz.usembassy.gov/
Telephone Code: 64
Local Emergency Phone: 111
Vaccinations: See WHO recommendations

http://www.who.int/
Climate: Temperate with sharp regional contrasts
Currency (Code): New Zealand dollars (NZD)
Electricity/Voltage/Plug Type(s): 230 V / 50 Hz / plug types(s): I

Major Languages: English, Maori, Samoan, Northern Chinese, Hindi, French, Yue
Major Religions: Christian 37.3%, Hindu 2.7%, Maori 1.3%, Muslim, 1.3%, Buddhist 1.1%, other religion 1.6%, no religion 48.6%
Time Difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time); daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in September; ends first Sunday in April; note: New Zealand has two time zones: New Zealand standard time (UTC+12) and Chatham Islands time (45 minutes in advance of New Zealand standard time; UTC+12:45)
Potable Water: Yes
International Driving Permit: Suggested
Road Driving Side: Left
Tourist Destinations: Fiordland National Park & Milford Sound; Bay of Islands; Queenstown; Lake Taupo & Tongariro National Park; Lake Matheson; Lake Pukaki; Mount Cook National Park; Fox & Franz Josef Glaciers
Major Sports: Rugby, cricket, netball, basketball, soccer, sailing
Cultural Practices: An extended index and middle finger together expresses disdain and frustration.
Tipping Guidelines: Tipping is uncommon in restaurants unless the service was excellent. Some restaurants provide a tip jar on the counter. Tipping is uncommon in taxis, but you may round up the fare. It is not customary to tip at hotels.
Souvenirs: Abalone, paua shell, and greenstone jewelry; stone and wood Maori tribal masks, statues, baskets, and weapons; sheepskin rugs, merino wool blankets, chamois cloths, other wool/lanolin items; Rimu timber clocks, Kiwi art, wine, honey
Traditional Cuisine: Pavlova — a meringue-like dessert with a crisp Cornstarch-based outer crust and a soft and moist core; whipped cream and fruits, such as kiwi or passion fruit, are used as garnishesPlease visit the following links to find further information about your desired destination.

World Health Organization (WHO) - To learn what vaccines and health precautions to take while visiting your destination.

US State Dept Travel Information - Overall information about foreign travel for US citizens.

To obtain an international driving permit (IDP). Only two organizations in the US issue IDPs:
American Automobile Association (AAA) and American Automobile Touring Alliance (AATA)

How to get help in an emergency?
Contact the nearest US embassy or consulate, or call one of these numbers:
from the US or Canada - 1-888-407-4747 or from Overseas - +1 202-501-4444

Page last updated: Wednesday, July 20, 2022


Topic: Introduction
Background: A Rwandan kingdom dominated the region from the mid-18th century onward, with Tutsi rulers conquering others militarily and centralizing power. German colonial rule began in 1898, but Belgian forces captured Rwanda in 1916 during WW I. Rwandan independence came in 1962. Conflict between Tutsi and Hutu ethnic groups continued for decades. Rwanda held its first local elections in 1999 and its first presidential and legislative elections in 2003.A Rwandan kingdom dominated the region from the mid-18th century onward, with Tutsi rulers conquering others militarily and centralizing power. German colonial rule began in 1898, but Belgian forces captured Rwanda in 1916 during WW I. Rwandan independence came in 1962. Conflict between Tutsi and Hutu ethnic groups continued for decades. Rwanda held its first local elections in 1999 and its first presidential and legislative elections in 2003.

Topic: Geography
Area: total: 26,338 sq km

land: 24,668 sq km

water: 1,670 sq km
Climate: temperate; two rainy seasons (February to April, November to January); mild in mountains with frost and snow possible
Natural resources: gold, cassiterite (tin ore), wolframite (tungsten ore), methane, hydropower, arable land

Topic: People and Society
Population: 13,173,730 (2022 est.)
Ethnic groups: Hutu, Tutsi, Twa (Pygmy)
Languages: Kinyarwanda (official, universal Bantu vernacular) 93.2%, French (official) <0.1, English (official) <0.1, Swahili/Kiswahili (official, used in commercial centers) <0.1, more than one language, other 6.3%, unspecified 0.3% (2002 est.)
Religions: Protestant 57.7% (includes Adventist 12.6%), Roman Catholic 38.2%, Muslim 2.1%, other 1% (includes traditional, Jehovah's Witness), none 1.1% (2019-20 est.)
Population growth rate: 1.74% (2022 est.)

Topic: Government
Government type: presidential republic
Capital: name: Kigali
Executive branch: chief of state: President Paul KAGAME (since 22 April 2000)

head of government: Prime Minister Edouard NGIRENTE (since 30 August 2017)
Legislative branch: description: bicameral Parliament consists of:
Senate or Senat (26 seats; 12 members indirectly elected by local councils, 8 appointed by the president, 4 appointed by the Political Organizations Forum - a body of registered political parties, and 2 selected by institutions of higher learning; members serve 8-year terms)
 Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (80 seats; 53 members directly elected by proportional representation vote, 24 women selected by special interest groups, and 3 selected by youth and disability organizations; members serve 5-year terms)

Topic: Economy
Economic overview: fast-growing Sub-Saharan economy; major public investments; trade and tourism hit hard by COVID-19; increasing poverty after 2 decades of declines; Ugandan competition for regional influence; major coffee exporter; contested GDP figuresfast-growing Sub-Saharan economy; major public investments; trade and tourism hit hard by COVID-19; increasing poverty after 2 decades of declines; Ugandan competition for regional influence; major coffee exporter; contested GDP figures
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): $27.18 billion (2020 est.)
Real GDP per capita: $2,100 (2020 est.)
Agricultural products: bananas, sweet potatoes, cassava, potatoes, plantains, beans, maize, gourds, milk, taro
Industries: cement, agricultural products, small-scale beverages, soap, furniture, shoes, plastic goods, textiles, cigarettes
Exports: $2.25 billion (2019 est.)
Exports - partners: United Arab Emirates 35%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 28%, Uganda 5% (2019)
Exports - commodities: gold, refined petroleum, coffee, tea, tin (2019)
Imports: $3.74 billion (2019 est.)
Imports - partners: China 17%, Kenya 10%, Tanzania 9%, United Arab Emirates 9%, India 7%, Saudi Arabia 5% (2019)
Imports - commodities: refined petroleum, gold, raw sugar, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment (2019)Page last updated: Friday, May 13, 2022


Topic: CIA.gov has changed . . .If you arrived at this page using a bookmark or favorites link, please update it accordingly.Please use the search form or the links below to find the information you seek.Thank you for visiting CIA.gov.The CIA Web Team


This entry provides the number of hospital beds per 1,000 people; it serves as a general measure of inpatient service availability. Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases, beds for both acute and chronic care are included. Because the level of inpatient services required for individual countries depends on several factors - such as demographic issues and the burden of disease - there is no global target for the number of hospital beds per country. So, while 2 beds per 1,000 in one country may be sufficient, 2 beds per 1,000 in another may be woefully inadequate because of the number of people hospitalized by disease.

Topic: Afghanistan0.4 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Albania2.9 beds/1,000 population (2013)

Topic: Algeria1.9 beds/1,000 population (2015)

Topic: Andorra2.5 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Antigua and Barbuda2.9 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Argentina5 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Armenia4.2 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: Australia3.8 beds/1,000 population (2016)

Topic: Austria7.3 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Azerbaijan4.8 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: Bahamas, The3 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Bahrain1.7 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Bangladesh0.8 beds/1,000 population (2016)

Topic: Barbados6 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Belarus10.8 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: Belgium5.6 beds/1,000 population (2019)

Topic: Belize1 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Benin0.5 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Bhutan1.7 beds/1,000 population (2012)

Topic: Bolivia1.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Bosnia and Herzegovina3.5 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: Botswana1.8 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Brazil2.1 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Brunei2.9 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Bulgaria7.5 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Burkina Faso0.4 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Burma1 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Burundi0.8 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: Cabo Verde2.1 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Cambodia1.9 beds/1,000 population (2016)

Topic: Cameroon1.3 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Canada2.5 beds/1,000 population (2019)

Topic: Central African Republic1 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Topic: Chile2.1 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: China4.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Colombia1.7 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Costa Rica1.1 beds/1,000 population (2019)

Topic: Croatia5.5 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Cuba5.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Cyprus3.4 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Czechia6.6 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Denmark2.6 beds/1,000 population (2019)

Topic: Djibouti1.4 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Dominica3.8 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Dominican Republic1.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Ecuador1.4 beds/1,000 population (2016)

Topic: Egypt1.4 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: El Salvador1.2 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Eritrea0.7 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Topic: Estonia4.6 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Eswatini2.1 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Topic: Ethiopia0.3 beds/1,000 population (2016)

Topic: Faroe Islands4.2 beds/1,000 population (2016)

Topic: Fiji2 beds/1,000 population (2016)

Topic: Finland3.6 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: France5.9 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Gabon6.3 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Gambia, The1.1 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Topic: Gaza Strip1.3 beds/1,000 population (2019)

Topic: Georgia2.9 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: Germany8 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Ghana0.9 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Topic: Greece4.2 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Greenland14 beds/1,000 population (2016)

Topic: Grenada3.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Guatemala0.4 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Guinea0.3 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Topic: Guyana1.7 beds/1,000 population (2016)

Topic: Haiti0.7 beds/1,000 population (2013)

Topic: Honduras0.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Hong Kong4.9 beds/1,000 population (2020)

Topic: Hungary7 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Iceland2.8 beds/1,000 population (2019)

Topic: India0.5 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Indonesia1 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Iran1.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Iraq1.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Ireland3 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Israel3 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Italy3.1 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Jamaica1.7 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Japan13 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Jordan1.5 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Kazakhstan6.1 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: Kiribati1.9 beds/1,000 population (2016)

Topic: Korea, South12.4 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Kuwait2 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Kyrgyzstan4.4 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: Laos1.5 beds/1,000 population (2012)

Topic: Latvia5.5 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Lebanon2.7 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Libya3.2 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Lithuania6.4 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Luxembourg4.3 beds/1,000 population (2019)

Topic: Madagascar0.2 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Malawi1.3 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Topic: Malaysia1.9 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Maldives4.3 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Mali0.1 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Malta4.5 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Marshall Islands2.7 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Mauritius3.7 beds/1,000 population (2020)

Topic: Mexico1 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Micronesia, Federated States of3.2 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Moldova5.7 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: Monaco13.8 beds/1,000 population (2012)

Topic: Mongolia8 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Montenegro3.9 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Morocco1 beds/1,000 population (2017)

note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Topic: Mozambique0.7 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Topic: Namibia2.7 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Nepal0.3 beds/1,000 population (2012)

Topic: Netherlands3.2 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: New Zealand2.6 beds/1,000 population (2019)

Topic: Nicaragua0.9 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Niger0.4 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: North Macedonia4.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Norway3.5 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Oman1.5 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Pakistan0.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Panama2.3 beds/1,000 population (2016)

Topic: Paraguay0.8 beds/1,000 population (2016)

Topic: Peru1.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Philippines1 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: Poland6.5 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Portugal3.5 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Qatar1.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Romania6.9 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Russia7.1 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Saint Kitts and Nevis4.8 beds/1,000 population (2012)

Topic: Saint Lucia1.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines4.3 beds/1,000 population (2016)

Topic: San Marino3.8 beds/1,000 population (2012)

Topic: Sao Tome and Principe2.9 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Topic: Saudi Arabia2.2 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Serbia5.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Seychelles3.6 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Topic: Singapore2.5 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Slovakia5.7 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Slovenia4.4 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Solomon Islands1.4 beds/1,000 population (2012)

Topic: Somalia0.9 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Spain3 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Sri Lanka4.2 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Sudan0.7 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Suriname3 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Sweden2.1 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Switzerland4.6 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Syria1.4 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Tajikistan4.7 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: Tanzania0.7 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Togo0.7 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Topic: Trinidad and Tobago3 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Tunisia2.2 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Turkey (Turkiye)2.9 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Topic: Turkmenistan4 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: Uganda0.5 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Ukraine7.5 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: United Arab Emirates1.4 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: United Kingdom2.5 beds/1,000 population (2019)

Topic: United States2.9 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Uruguay2.4 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Uzbekistan4 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Topic: Venezuela0.9 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Vietnam3.2 beds/1,000 population (2013)

Topic: West Bank1.3 beds/1,000 population (2019)

Topic: Yemen0.7 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Topic: Zambia2 beds/1,000 population

Topic: Zimbabwe1.7 beds/1,000 population (2011)


This entry gives the primary national day of celebration - usually independence day.

Topic: AfghanistanIndependence Day, 19 August (1919)

Topic: AlbaniaIndependence Day, 28 November (1912), also known as Flag Day

Topic: AlgeriaIndependence Day, 5 July (1962); Revolution Day, 1 November (1954)

Topic: American SamoaFlag Day, 17 April (1900)

Topic: AndorraOur Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)

Topic: AngolaIndependence Day, 11 November (1975)

Topic: AnguillaAnguilla Day, 30 May (1967)

Topic: Antigua and BarbudaIndependence Day, 1 November (1981)

Topic: ArgentinaRevolution Day (May Revolution Day), 25 May (1810)

Topic: ArmeniaIndependence Day, 21 September (1991)

Topic: ArubaNational Anthem and Flag Day, 18 March (1976)

Topic: AustraliaAustralia Day (commemorates the arrival of the First Fleet of Australian settlers), 26 January (1788); ANZAC Day (commemorates the anniversary of the landing of troops of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps during World War I at Gallipoli, Turkey), 25 April (1915)

Topic: AustriaNational Day (commemorates passage of the law on permanent neutrality), 26 October (1955)

Topic: AzerbaijanRepublic Day (founding of the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan), 28 May (1918)

Topic: Bahamas, TheIndependence Day, 10 July (1973)

Topic: BahrainNational Day, 16 December (1971); note - 15 August 1971 was the date of independence from the UK, 16 December 1971 was the date of independence from British protection

Topic: BangladeshIndependence Day, 26 March (1971); Victory Day, 16 December (1971); note - 26 March 1971 is the date of the Awami League's declaration of an independent Bangladesh, and 16 December (Victory Day) memorializes the military victory over Pakistan and the official creation of the state of Bangladesh

Topic: BarbadosIndependence Day, 30 November (1966)

Topic: BelarusIndependence Day, 3 July (1944); note - 3 July 1944 was the date Minsk was liberated from German troops, 25 August 1991 was the date of independence from the Soviet Union

Topic: BelgiumBelgian National Day (ascension to the throne of King LEOPOLD I), 21 July (1831)

Topic: BelizeBattle of St. George's Caye Day (National Day), 10 September (1798); Independence Day, 21 September (1981)

Topic: BeninIndependence Day, 1 August (1960)

Topic: BermudaBermuda Day, 24 May; note - formerly known as Victoria Day, Empire Day, and Commonwealth Day

Topic: BhutanNational Day (Ugyen WANGCHUCK became first hereditary king), 17 December (1907)

Topic: BoliviaIndependence Day, 6 August (1825)

Topic: Bosnia and HerzegovinaIndependence Day, 1 March (1992) and Statehood Day, 25 November (1943) - both observed in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina entity; Victory Day, 9 May (1945) and Dayton Agreement Day, 21 November (1995) - both observed in the Republika Srpska entity

note: there is no national-level holiday

Topic: BotswanaIndependence Day (Botswana Day), 30 September (1966)

Topic: BrazilIndependence Day, 7 September (1822)

Topic: British Virgin IslandsTerritory Day, 1 July (1956)

Topic: BruneiNational Day, 23 February (1984); note - 1 January 1984 was the date of independence from the UK, 23 February 1984 was the date of independence from British protection; the Sultan's birthday, 15 June

Topic: BulgariaLiberation Day, 3 March (1878)

Topic: Burkina FasoRepublic Day, 11 December (1958); note - commemorates the day that Upper Volta became an autonomous republic in the French Community

Topic: BurmaIndependence Day, 4 January (1948); Union Day, 12 February (1947)

Topic: BurundiIndependence Day, 1 July (1962)

Topic: Cabo VerdeIndependence Day, 5 July (1975)

Topic: CambodiaIndependence Day, 9 November (1953)

Topic: CameroonState Unification Day (National Day), 20 May (1972)

Topic: CanadaCanada Day, 1 July (1867)

Topic: Cayman IslandsConstitution Day, the first Monday in July (1959)

Topic: Central African RepublicRepublic Day, 1 December (1958)

Topic: ChadIndependence Day, 11 August (1960)

Topic: ChileIndependence Day, 18 September (1810)

Topic: ChinaNational Day (anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949)

Topic: Christmas IslandAustralia Day (commemorates the arrival of the First Fleet of Australian settlers), 26 January (1788)

Topic: Cocos (Keeling) IslandsAustralia Day (commemorates the arrival of the First Fleet of Australian settlers), 26 January (1788)

Topic: ColombiaIndependence Day, 20 July (1810)

Topic: ComorosIndependence Day, 6 July (1975)

Topic: Congo, Democratic Republic of theIndependence Day, 30 June (1960)

Topic: Congo, Republic of theIndependence Day, 15 August (1960)

Topic: Cook IslandsConstitution Day, the first Monday in August (1965)

Topic: Costa RicaIndependence Day, 15 September (1821)

Topic: Cote d'IvoireIndependence Day, 7 August (1960)

Topic: CroatiaStatehood Day (National Day), 30 May (1990); note - marks the day in 1990 that the first modern multi-party Croatian parliament convened

Topic: CubaTriumph of the Revolution (Liberation Day), 1 January (1959)

Topic: CuracaoKing's Day (birthday of King WILLEM-ALEXANDER), 27 April (1967); note - King's or Queen's Day are observed on the ruling monarch's birthday; celebrated on 26 April if 27 April is a SundayKing's Day (birthday of King WILLEM-ALEXANDER), 27 April (1967); note - King's or Queen's Day are observed on the ruling monarch's birthday; celebrated on 26 April if 27 April is a Sunday

Topic: CyprusIndependence Day, 1 October (1960); note - Turkish Cypriots celebrate 15 November (1983) as "Republic Day"

Topic: CzechiaCzechoslovak Founding Day, 28 October (1918)

Topic: DenmarkConstitution Day, 5 June (1849); note - closest equivalent to a national holiday

Topic: DjiboutiIndependence Day, 27 June (1977)

Topic: DominicaIndependence Day, 3 November (1978)

Topic: Dominican RepublicIndependence Day, 27 February (1844)

Topic: EcuadorIndependence Day (independence of Quito), 10 August (1809)

Topic: EgyptRevolution Day, 23 July (1952)

Topic: El SalvadorIndependence Day, 15 September (1821)

Topic: Equatorial GuineaIndependence Day, 12 October (1968)

Topic: EritreaIndependence Day, 24 May (1991)

Topic: EstoniaIndependence Day, 24 February (1918); note - 24 February 1918 was the date Estonia declared its independence from Soviet Russia and established its statehood; 20 August 1991 was the date it declared its independence from the Soviet Union restoring its statehood

Topic: EswatiniIndependence Day (Somhlolo Day), 6 September (1968)

Topic: EthiopiaDerg Downfall Day (defeat of MENGISTU regime), 28 May (1991)

Topic: European UnionEurope Day (also known as Schuman Day), 9 May (1950); note - the day in 1950 that Robert SCHUMAN proposed the creation of what became the European Coal and Steel Community, the progenitor of today's European Union, with the aim of achieving a united Europe

Topic: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)

Topic: Faroe IslandsOlaifest (Olavsoka) (commemorates the death in battle of King OLAF II of Norway, later St. OLAF), 29 July (1030)

Topic: FijiFiji (Independence) Day, 10 October (1970)

Topic: FinlandIndependence Day, 6 December (1917)

Topic: FranceFete de la Federation, 14 July (1790); note - although often incorrectly referred to as Bastille Day, the celebration actually commemorates the holiday held on the first anniversary of the storming of the Bastille (on 14 July 1789) and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy; other names for the holiday are Fete Nationale (National Holiday) and quatorze juillet (14th of July)

Topic: French PolynesiaFete de la Federation, 14 July (1790); note - the local holiday is Internal Autonomy Day, 29 June (1880)

Topic: GabonIndependence Day, 17 August (1960)

Topic: Gambia, TheIndependence Day, 18 February (1965)

Topic: GeorgiaIndependence Day, 26 May (1918); note - 26 May 1918 was the date of independence from Soviet Russia, 9 April 1991 was the date of independence from the Soviet Union

Topic: GermanyGerman Unity Day, 3 October (1990)

Topic: GhanaIndependence Day, 6 March (1957)

Topic: GibraltarNational Day, 10 September (1967); note - day of the national referendum to decide whether to remain with the UK or join Spain

Topic: GreeceIndependence Day, 25 March (1821)

Topic: GreenlandNational Day, June 21; note - marks the summer solstice and the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere

Topic: GrenadaIndependence Day, 7 February (1974)

Topic: GuamDiscovery Day (or Magellan Day), first Monday in March (1521)

Topic: GuatemalaIndependence Day, 15 September (1821)

Topic: GuernseyLiberation Day, 9 May (1945)

Topic: GuineaIndependence Day, 2 October (1958)

Topic: Guinea-BissauIndependence Day, 24 September (1973)

Topic: GuyanaRepublic Day, 23 February (1970)

Topic: HaitiIndependence Day, 1 January (1804)

Topic: Holy See (Vatican City)Election Day of Pope FRANCIS, 13 March (2013)

Topic: HondurasIndependence Day, 15 September (1821)

Topic: Hong KongNational Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 1 July (1997) is celebrated as Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day

Topic: HungarySaint Stephen's Day, 20 August (1083); note - commemorates his canonization and the transfer of his remains to Buda (now Budapest) in 1083

Topic: IcelandIndependence Day, 17 June (1944)

Topic: IndiaRepublic Day, 26 January (1950)

Topic: IndonesiaIndependence Day, 17 August (1945)

Topic: IranRepublic Day, 1 April (1979)

Topic: IraqIndependence Day, 3 October (1932); Republic Day, 14 July (1958)

Topic: IrelandSaint Patrick's Day, 17 March; note - marks the traditional death date of Saint Patrick, patron saint of Ireland, during the latter half of the fifth century A.D. (most commonly cited years are c. 461 and c. 493); although Saint Patrick's feast day was celebrated in Ireland as early as the ninth century, it only became an official public holiday in Ireland in 1903

Topic: Isle of ManTynwald Day, 5 July (1417); date Tynwald Day was first recorded

Topic: IsraelIndependence Day, 14 May (1948); note - Israel declared independence on 14 May 1948, but the Jewish calendar is lunar and the holiday may occur in April or May

Topic: ItalyRepublic Day, 2 June (1946)

Topic: JamaicaIndependence Day, 6 August (1962)

Topic: JapanBirthday of Emperor NARUHITO, 23 February (1960); note - celebrates the birthday of the current emperor

Topic: JerseyLiberation Day, 9 May (1945)

Topic: JordanIndependence Day, 25 May (1946)

Topic: KazakhstanIndependence Day, 16 December (1991)

Topic: KenyaJamhuri Day (Independence Day), 12 December (1963); note - Madaraka Day, 1 June (1963) marks the day Kenya attained internal self-rule

Topic: KiribatiIndependence Day, 12 July (1979)

Topic: Korea, NorthFounding of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), 9 September (1948)

Topic: Korea, SouthLiberation Day, 15 August (1945)

Topic: KosovoIndependence Day, 17 February (2008)

Topic: KuwaitNational Day, 25 February (1950)

Topic: KyrgyzstanIndependence Day, 31 August (1991)

Topic: LaosRepublic Day (National Day), 2 December (1975)

Topic: LatviaIndependence Day (Republic of Latvia Proclamation Day), 18 November (1918); note - 18 November 1918 was the date Latvia established its statehood and its concomitant independence from Soviet Russia; 4 May 1990 was the date it declared the restoration of Latvian statehood and its concomitant independence from the Soviet Union

Topic: LebanonIndependence Day, 22 November (1943)

Topic: LesothoIndependence Day, 4 October (1966)

Topic: LiberiaIndependence Day, 26 July (1847)

Topic: LibyaLiberation Day, 23 October (2011)

Topic: LiechtensteinNational Day, 15 August (1940); note - a National Day was originally established in 1940 to combine celebrations for the Feast of the Assumption (15 August) with those honoring the birthday of former Prince FRANZ JOSEF II (1906-1989) whose birth fell on 16 August; after the prince's death, National Day became the official national holiday by law in 1990

Topic: LithuaniaIndependence Day (or National Day), 16 February (1918); note - 16 February 1918 was the date Lithuania established its statehood and its concomitant independence from Soviet Russia and Germany; 11 March 1990 was the date it declared the restoration of Lithuanian statehood and its concomitant independence from the Soviet Union

Topic: LuxembourgNational Day (birthday of Grand Duke HENRI), 23 June; note - this date of birth is not the true date of birth for any of the Royals, but the national festivities were shifted in 1962 to allow observance during a more favorable time of year

Topic: MacauNational Day (anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 20 December (1999) is celebrated as Macau Special Administrative Region Establishment Day

Topic: MadagascarIndependence Day, 26 June (1960)

Topic: MalawiIndependence Day, 6 July (1964); note - also called Republic Day since 6 July 1966

Topic: MalaysiaIndependence Day (or Merdeka Day), 31 August (1957) (independence of Malaya); Malaysia Day, 16 September (1963) (formation of Malaysia)

Topic: MaldivesIndependence Day, 26 July (1965)

Topic: MaliIndependence Day, 22 September (1960)

Topic: MaltaIndependence Day, 21 September (1964); Republic Day, 13 December (1974)

Topic: Marshall IslandsConstitution Day, 1 May (1979)

Topic: MauritaniaIndependence Day, 28 November (1960)

Topic: MauritiusIndependence and Republic Day, 12 March (1968 & 1992); note - became independent and a republic on the same date in 1968 and 1992 respectively

Topic: MexicoIndependence Day, 16 September (1810)

Topic: Micronesia, Federated States ofConstitution Day, 10 May (1979)

Topic: MoldovaIndependence Day, 27 August (1991)

Topic: MonacoNational Day (Saint Rainier's Day), 19 November (1857)

Topic: MongoliaNaadam (games) holiday (commemorates independence from China in the 1921 Revolution), 11-15 July; Constitution Day (marks the date that the Mongolian People's Republic was created under a new constitution), 26 November (1924)

Topic: MontenegroStatehood Day, 13 July (1878, the day the Berlin Congress recognized Montenegro as the 27th independent state in the world, and 1941, the day the Montenegrins staged an uprising against fascist occupiers and sided with the partisan communist movement)

Topic: MontserratBirthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, usually celebrated the Monday after the second Saturday in June (1926)

Topic: MoroccoThrone Day (accession of King MOHAMMED VI to the throne), 30 July (1999)

Topic: MozambiqueIndependence Day, 25 June (1975)

Topic: NamibiaIndependence Day, 21 March (1990)

Topic: NauruIndependence Day, 31 January (1968)

Topic: NepalConstitution Day, 20 September (2015); note - marks the promulgation of Nepal’s constitution in 2015 and replaces the previous 28 May Republic Day as the official national day in Nepal; the Gregorian day fluctuates based on Nepal’s Hindu calendar

Topic: NetherlandsKing's Day (birthday of King WILLEM-ALEXANDER), 27 April (1967); note - King's or Queen's Day are observed on the ruling monarch's birthday; currently celebrated on 26 April if 27 April is a Sunday

Topic: New CaledoniaFete de la Federation, 14 July (1790); note - the local holiday is New Caledonia Day, 24 September (1853)

Topic: New ZealandWaitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840); Anzac Day (commemorated as the anniversary of the landing of troops of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps during World War I at Gallipoli, Turkey), 25 April (1915)

Topic: NicaraguaIndependence Day, 15 September (1821)

Topic: NigerRepublic Day, 18 December (1958); note - commemorates the founding of the Republic of Niger which predated independence from France in 1960

Topic: NigeriaIndependence Day (National Day), 1 October (1960)

Topic: NiueWaitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)

Topic: Norfolk IslandBounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856)

Topic: North MacedoniaIndependence Day, 8 September (1991), also known as National Day

Topic: Northern Mariana IslandsCommonwealth Day, 8 January (1978)

Topic: NorwayConstitution Day, 17 May (1814)

Topic: OmanNational Day, 18 November; note - celebrates Oman's independence from Portugal in 1650 and the birthday of Sultan QABOOS bin Said al Said, who reigned from 1970 to 2020

Topic: PakistanPakistan Day (also referred to as Pakistan Resolution Day or Republic Day), 23 March (1940); note - commemorates both the adoption of the Lahore Resolution by the All-India Muslim League during its 22-24 March 1940 session, which called for the creation of independent Muslim states, and the adoption of the first constitution of Pakistan on 23 March 1956 during the transition to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Topic: PalauConstitution Day, 9 July (1981), day of a national referendum to pass the new constitution; Independence Day, 1 October (1994)

Topic: PanamaIndependence Day (Separation Day), 3 November (1903)

Topic: Papua New GuineaIndependence Day, 16 September (1975)

Topic: ParaguayIndependence Day, 14-15 May (1811) (observed 15 May); 14 May is celebrated as Flag Day

Topic: PeruIndependence Day, 28-29 July (1821)

Topic: PhilippinesIndependence Day, 12 June (1898); note - 12 June 1898 was date of declaration of independence from Spain; 4 July 1946 was date of independence from the US

Topic: Pitcairn IslandsBirthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926); Discovery Day (Pitcairn Day), 2 July (1767)

Topic: PolandConstitution Day, 3 May (1791)

Topic: PortugalPortugal Day (Dia de Portugal), 10 June (1580); note - also called Camoes Day, the day that revered national poet Luis DE CAMOES (1524-80) died

Topic: Puerto RicoUS Independence Day, 4 July (1776); Puerto Rico Constitution Day, 25 July (1952)

Topic: QatarNational Day, 18 December (1878), anniversary of Al Thani family accession to the throne; Independence Day, 3 September (1971)

Topic: RomaniaUnification Day (unification of Romania and Transylvania), 1 December (1918)

Topic: RussiaRussia Day, 12 June (1990); note - commemorates the adoption of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR)

Topic: RwandaIndependence Day, 1 July (1962)

Topic: Saint BarthelemyFete de la Federation, 14 July (1790); note - local holiday is St. Barthelemy Day, 24 August (1572)

Topic: Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da CunhaBirthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, third Monday in April (1926)

Topic: Saint Kitts and NevisIndependence Day, 19 September (1983)

Topic: Saint LuciaIndependence Day, 22 February (1979)

Topic: Saint MartinFete de la Federation, 14 July (1790); note - local holiday is Schoelcher Day (Slavery Abolition Day) 12 July (1848), as well as St. Martin's Day, 11 November (1985), which commemorates the discovery of the island by COLUMBUS on Saint Martin's Day, 11 November 1493; the latter holiday celebrated on both halves of the island

Topic: Saint Pierre and MiquelonFete de la Federation, 14 July (1790)

Topic: Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesIndependence Day, 27 October (1979)

Topic: SamoaIndependence Day Celebration, 1 June (1962); note - 1 January 1962 is the date of independence from the New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship, but it is observed in June

Topic: San MarinoFounding of the Republic (or Feast of Saint Marinus), 3 September (A.D. 301)

Topic: Sao Tome and PrincipeIndependence Day, 12 July (1975)

Topic: Saudi ArabiaSaudi National Day (Unification of the Kingdom), 23 September (1932)

Topic: SenegalIndependence Day, 4 April (1960)

Topic: SerbiaStatehood Day, 15 February (1835), the day the first constitution of the country was adopted

Topic: SeychellesConstitution Day, 18 June (1993); Independence Day (National Day), 29 June (1976)

Topic: Sierra LeoneIndependence Day, 27 April (1961)

Topic: SingaporeNational Day, 9 August (1965)

Topic: Sint MaartenKing's Day (birthday of King WILLEM-ALEXANDER), 27 April (1967); note - King's or Queen's Day are observed on the ruling monarch's birthday; celebrated on 26 April if 27 April is a Sunday; local holiday Sint Maarten's Day, 11 November (1985), commemorates the discovery of the island by COLUMBUS on Saint Martin's Day, 11 November 1493; celebrated on both halves of the islandKing's Day (birthday of King WILLEM-ALEXANDER), 27 April (1967); note - King's or Queen's Day are observed on the ruling monarch's birthday; celebrated on 26 April if 27 April is a Sunday; local holiday Sint Maarten's Day, 11 November (1985), commemorates the discovery of the island by COLUMBUS on Saint Martin's Day, 11 November 1493; celebrated on both halves of the island

Topic: SlovakiaConstitution Day, 1 September (1992)

Topic: SloveniaIndependence Day/Statehood Day, 25 June (1991)

Topic: Solomon IslandsIndependence Day, 7 July (1978)

Topic: SomaliaFoundation of the Somali Republic, 1 July (1960); note - 26 June (1960) in Somaliland

Topic: South AfricaFreedom Day, 27 April (1994)

Topic: South SudanIndependence Day, 9 July (2011)

Topic: SpainNational Day (Hispanic Day), 12 October (1492); note - commemorates the arrival of COLUMBUS in the Americas

Topic: Sri LankaIndependence Day (National Day), 4 February (1948)

Topic: SudanIndependence Day, 1 January (1956)

Topic: SurinameIndependence Day, 25 November (1975)

Topic: SwedenNational Day, 6 June (1983); note - from 1916 to 1982 this date was celebrated as Swedish Flag Day

Topic: SwitzerlandFounding of the Swiss Confederation in 1291; note - since 1 August 1891 celebrated as Swiss National Day

Topic: SyriaIndependence Day (Evacuation Day), 17 April (1946); note - celebrates the leaving of the last French troops and the proclamation of full independence

Topic: TaiwanRepublic Day (National Day), 10 October (1911); note - celebrates the anniversary of the Chinese Revolution, also known as Double Ten (10-10) Day

Topic: TajikistanIndependence Day (or National Day), 9 September (1991)

Topic: TanzaniaUnion Day (Tanganyika and Zanzibar), 26 April (1964)

Topic: ThailandBirthday of King WACHIRALONGKON, 28 July (1952)

Topic: Timor-LesteRestoration of Independence Day, 20 May (2002); Proclamation of Independence Day, 28 November (1975)

Topic: TogoIndependence Day, 27 April (1960)

Topic: TokelauWaitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)

Topic: TongaOfficial Birthday of King TUPOU VI, 4 July (1959); note - actual birthday of the monarch is 12 July 1959, 4 July (2015) is the day the king was crowned; Constitution Day (National Day), 4 November (1875)

Topic: Trinidad and TobagoIndependence Day, 31 August (1962)

Topic: TunisiaIndependence Day, 20 March (1956); Revolution and Youth Day, 14 January (2011)

Topic: TurkeyRepublic Day, 29 October (1923)

Topic: TurkmenistanIndependence Day, 27 October (1991)

Topic: Turks and Caicos IslandsBirthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, usually celebrated the Monday after the second Saturday in June

Topic: TuvaluIndependence Day, 1 October (1978)

Topic: UgandaIndependence Day, 9 October (1962)

Topic: UkraineIndependence Day, 24 August (1991); note - 22 January 1918, the day Ukraine first declared its independence from Soviet Russia, and the date the short-lived Western and Greater (Eastern) Ukrainian republics united (1919), is now celebrated as Unity Day

Topic: United Arab EmiratesIndependence Day (National Day), 2 December (1971)

Topic: United Kingdomthe UK does not celebrate one particular national holiday

Topic: United StatesIndependence Day, 4 July (1776)

Topic: UruguayIndependence Day, 25 August (1825)

Topic: UzbekistanIndependence Day, 1 September (1991)

Topic: VanuatuIndependence Day, 30 July (1980)

Topic: VenezuelaIndependence Day, 5 July (1811)

Topic: VietnamIndependence Day (National Day), 2 September (1945)

Topic: Virgin IslandsTransfer Day (from Denmark to the US), 31 March (1917)

Topic: Wallis and FutunaBastille Day, 14 July (1789)

Topic: YemenUnification Day, 22 May (1990)

Topic: ZambiaIndependence Day, 24 October (1964)

Topic: ZimbabweIndependence Day, 18 April (1980)