This entry provides a listing of the highest-valued imported commodities.

Topic: Afghanistanwheat flours, broadcasting equipment, refined petroleum, rolled tobacco, aircraft parts, synthetic fabrics (2019)

Topic: Albaniarefined petroleum, cars, tanned hides, packaged medical supplies, footwear parts (2019)

Topic: Algeriarefined petroleum, wheat, packaged medical supplies, milk, vehicle parts (2019)

Topic: American Samoaraw materials for canneries, food, petroleum products, machinery and parts

Topic: Andorracars, refined petroleum, perfumes, shaving products, liquors (2019)

Topic: Angolarefined petroleum, scrap vessels, meat, rice, palm oil (2019)

Topic: Anguillafuels, foodstuffs, manufactures, chemicals, trucks, textiles

Topic: Antigua and Barbudarefined petroleum, ships, cars, precious/semi-precious metals, recreational boats (2019)

Topic: Argentinacars, refined petroleum, vehicle parts, natural gas, soybeans (2019)

Topic: Armenianatural gas, cars, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, diamonds (2019)

Topic: Arubarefined petroleum, jewelry, cars, vehicle parts, tobacco products (2019)

Topic: Australiarefined petroleum, cars, crude petroleum, broadcasting equipment, delivery trucks (2019)

Topic: Austriacars, vehicle parts, broadcasting equipment, refined petroleum, packaged medical supplies (2019)

Topic: Azerbaijangold, cars, refined petroleum, wheat, packaged medical supplies (2019)

Topic: Bahamas, Theships, refined petroleum, crude petroleum, recreational boats, cars (2019)

Topic: Bahraincars, iron ore, jewelry, gold, gas turbines (2019)

Topic: Bangladeshrefined petroleum, cotton, natural gas, scrap iron, wheat (2019)

Topic: Barbadosrefined petroleum, ships, cars, shipping containers, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Belaruscrude petroleum, natural gas, cars and vehicle parts, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Belgiumcars, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, medical cultures/vaccines, diamonds, natural gas (2019)

Topic: Belizerefined petroleum, cigarettes, recreational boats, natural gas, cars (2019)

Topic: Beninrice, cars, palm oil, electricity, cotton (2019)

Topic: Bermudaships, refined petroleum, postage stamps, recreational boats, aircraft (2019)

Topic: Bhutanrefined petroleum, iron products, delivery trucks, cars, wood charcoal (2019)

Topic: Boliviacars, refined petroleum, delivery trucks, iron, buses (2019)

Topic: Bosnia and Herzegovinarefined petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, coal, electricity (2019)

Topic: Botswanadiamonds, refined petroleum, cars, delivery trucks, electricity (2019)

Topic: Brazilrefined petroleum, vehicle parts, crude petroleum, integrated circuits, pesticides (2019)

Topic: British Virgin Islandsrecreational boats, aircraft, refined petroleum, cars, furniture (2019)

Topic: Bruneicrude petroleum, refined petroleum, cars, tug boats, valves (2019)

Topic: Bulgariacrude petroleum, copper, cars, packaged medicines, refined petroleum (2019)

Topic: Burkina Fasorefined petroleum, delivery trucks, packaged medicines, electricity, aircraft (2019)

Topic: Burmarefined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, fabrics, motorcycles, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Burundirefined petroleum, packaged medicines, cement, raw sugar, cars (2019)

Topic: Cabo Verderefined petroleum, delivery trucks, coal tar oil, cars, rice (2019)

Topic: Cambodiarefined petroleum, clothing, gold, cars, flavored water (2019)

Topic: Camerooncrude petroleum, scrap vessels, rice, special purpose ships, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Canadacars and vehicle parts, delivery trucks, crude petroleum, refined petroleum (2019)

Topic: Cayman Islandsrecreational boats, ships, gold, refined petroleum, cars (2019)

Topic: Central African Republicrefined petroleum, packaged medicines, natural gas, broadcasting equipment, second-hand clothing (2019)

Topic: Chaddelivery trucks, paints, packaged medicines, aircraft, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Chilerefined petroleum, crude petroleum, cars, broadcasting equipment, delivery trucks (2019)

Topic: Chinacrude petroleum, integrated circuits, iron, natural gas, cars, gold (2019)

Topic: Christmas Islandrefined petroleum, cars, iron structures, aircraft, crustaceans (2019)

Topic: Cocos (Keeling) Islandsgold, x-ray equipment, cars, prefabricated buildings, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Colombiarefined petroleum, cars, broadcasting equipment, packaged medicines, corn (2019)

Topic: Comorosrice, chicken products, refined petroleum, cement, cars (2019)

Topic: Congo, Democratic Republic of thepackaged medicines, refined petroleum, sulfuric acid, stone processing machines, delivery trucks (2019)

Topic: Congo, Republic of theships, chicken products, refined petroleum, processed fish, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Cook Islandsships, refined petroleum, recreational boats, cars, flavored water (2019)

Topic: Costa Ricarefined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, cars, medical instruments, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Cote d'Ivoirecrude petroleum, rice, frozen fish, refined petroleum, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Croatiacrude petroleum, cars, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, electricity (2019)

Topic: Cubapoultry meat, wheat, soybean products, corn, concentrated milk (2019)

Topic: Curacaorefined petroleum, cars, crude petroleum, packaged medicines, perfumes (2019)

Topic: Cyprusrefined petroleum, ships, cars, coal tar oil, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Czechiabroadcasting equipment, cars and vehicle parts, office machinery/parts, computers, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Denmarkcars, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, crude petroleum, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Djiboutirefined petroleum, fertilizers, iron sheeting, cars, palm oil (2019)

Topic: Dominicarefined petroleum, natural gas, crude petroleum, recreational boats, cars (2019)

Topic: Dominican Republicrefined petroleum, cars, jewelry, natural gas, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Ecuadorrefined petroleum, coal tar oil, cars, packaged medicines, soybean products (2019)

Topic: Egyptrefined petroleum, wheat, crude petroleum, cars, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: El Salvadorrefined petroleum, packaged medicines, clothing, broadcasting equipment, natural gas (2019)

Topic: Equatorial Guineagas turbines, beer, ships, industrial machinery, excavation machinery (2019)

Topic: Eritreamachinery, petroleum products, food, manufactured goods

Topic: Estoniacars, refined petroleum, coal tar oil, broadcasting equipment, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Eswatinimotor vehicles, machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals

Topic: Ethiopiaaircraft, gas turbines, packaged medicines, electric filament, cars (2019)

Topic: European Unionfuels and crude oil, machinery, vehicles, pharmaceuticals and other chemicals, precious gemstones, textiles, aircraft, plastics, metals, ships

Topic: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)refined petroleum, spark-ignition engines, stone processing machinery, construction vehicles, cars (2019)

Topic: Faroe Islandsgoods for household consumption, machinery and transport equipment, fuels, raw materials and semi-manufactures, cars

Topic: Fijirefined petroleum, aircraft, cars, wheat, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Finlandcrude petroleum, cars and vehicle parts, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Francecars, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, aircraft machinery (2019)

Topic: French Polynesiafuels, foodstuffs, machinery and equipment

Topic: Gabonpoultry meats, excavation machinery, packaged medicines, cars, rice (2019)

Topic: Gambia, Theclothing and apparel, refined petroleum, rice, raw sugar, palm oil (2019)

Topic: Gaza Stripfood, consumer goods, fuel

Topic: Georgiacars, refined petroleum, copper, packaged medicines, natural gas (2019)

Topic: Germanycars and vehicle parts, packaged medicines, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, medical cultures/vaccines (2019)

Topic: Ghanametal tubing, ships, cars, refined petroleum, rice (2019)

Topic: Gibraltarrefined petroleum, recreational boats, cars, coal tar oil, crude petroleum (2019)

Topic: Greececrude petroleum, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, cars, ships (2019)

Topic: Greenlandfishing ships, refined petroleum, construction vehicles, crustaceans, delivery trucks (2019)

Topic: Grenadaaircraft, poultry meat, cars, refined petroleum, food preparation materials (2019)

Topic: Guamrefined petroleum, trunks/cases, cars, insulated wire, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Guatemalarefined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, packaged medicines, cars, delivery trucks (2019)

Topic: Guernseycoal, gasoline, oil, machinery, and equipment

Topic: Guinearice, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, delivery trucks, cars (2019)

Topic: Guinea-Bissaurefined petroleum, rice, wheat products, soups/broths, malt extract (2019)

Topic: Guyanaships, refined petroleum, excavation machinery, shipping containers, aircraft (2019)

Topic: Haitirefined petroleum, rice, clothing and apparel, palm oil, poultry meats (2019)

Topic: Hondurasrefined petroleum, clothing and apparel, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment, insulated wiring (2019)

Topic: Hong Kongintegrated circuits, broadcasting equipment, office machinery, telephones, diamonds (2019)

Topic: Hungarycars and vehicle parts, integrated circuits, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment, crude petroleum (2019)

Topic: Icelandrefined petroleum, aluminum oxide, carbon/graphite electronics, cars, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Indiacrude petroleum, gold, coal, diamonds, natural gas (2019)

Topic: Indonesiarefined petroleum, crude petroleum, vehicle parts, telephones, natural gas (2019)

Topic: Iranrice, corn, broadcasting equipment, soybean products, beef (2019)

Topic: Iraqrefined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, cars, jewelry, cigarettes (2019)

Topic: Irelandaircraft, computers, packaged medicines, refined petroleum, medical cultures/vaccines (2019)

Topic: Isle of Mantimber, fertilizers, fish

Topic: Israeldiamonds, cars, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Italycrude petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, natural gas, refined petroleum (2019)

Topic: Jamaicarefined petroleum, cars, crude petroleum, natural gas, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Japancrude petroleum, natural gas, coal, integrated circuits, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Jerseymachinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals

Topic: Jordancars, refined petroleum, natural gas, crude petroleum, clothing and apparel (2019)

Topic: Kazakhstanpackaged medicines, natural gas, cars, broadcasting equipment, aircraft (2019)

Topic: Kenyarefined petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, wheat, iron products (2019)

Topic: Kiribatirefined petroleum, netting, raw sugar, rice, poultry meats (2019)

Topic: Korea, Northclothing and apparel, soybean oil, rice, wheat products, clocks/watches (2019)

Topic: Korea, Southcrude petroleum, integrated circuits, natural gas, refined petroleum, coal (2019)

Topic: Kosovofoodstuffs, livestock, wood, petroleum, chemicals, machinery, minerals, textiles, stone, ceramic and glass products, electrical equipment

Topic: Kuwaitcars, broadcasting equipment, natural gas, packaged medicines, jewelry (2019)

Topic: Kyrgyzstanrefined petroleum, footwear, clothing and apparel, broadcasting equipment, walnuts (2019)

Topic: Laosrefined petroleum, cars, cattle, iron structures, steel products (2019)

Topic: Latviarefined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, cars, packaged medicines, aircraft (2019)

Topic: Lebanonrefined petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, jewelry, gold (2019)

Topic: Lesothorefined petroleum, clothing and apparel, packaged medicines, delivery trucks, poultry meats (2019)

Topic: Liberiaships, refined petroleum, iron structures, boat propellers, centrifuges (2019)

Topic: Libyarefined petroleum, cars, broadcasting equipment, cigarettes, jewelry (2019)

Topic: Liechtensteinagricultural products, raw materials, energy products, machinery, metal goods, textiles, foodstuffs, motor vehicles

Topic: Lithuaniacrude petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, refined petroleum, electricity (2019)

Topic: Luxembourgcars, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, scrap iron, aircraft (2019)

Topic: Macaujewelry, watches, electricity, aircraft, cars (2019)

Topic: Madagascarrefined petroleum, rice, cars, packaged medicines, clothing and apparel (2019)

Topic: Malawipostage stamps, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, fertilizers, office machinery/parts (2019)

Topic: Malaysiaintegrated circuits, refined petroleum, crude petroleum, broadcasting equipment, coal (2019)

Topic: Maldivesrefined petroleum, fruits, furniture, broadcasting equipment, lumber (2019)

Topic: Malirefined petroleum, clothing and apparel, packaged medicines, cement, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Maltarefined petroleum, recreational boats, ships, aircraft, coal tar oil (2019)

Topic: Marshall Islandsships, refined petroleum, centrifuges, recreational boats, boat propellers (2019)

Topic: Mauritaniaships, aircraft, wheat, raw sugar, refined petroleum (2019)

Topic: Mauritiusrefined petroleum, cars, fish products, aircraft, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Mexicointegrated circuits, refined petroleum, cars and vehicle parts, office machinery/parts, telephones (2019)

Topic: Micronesia, Federated States ofpoultry meats, netting, broadcasting equipment, various meats, fish products (2019)

Topic: Moldovarefined petroleum, cars, insulated wiring, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Monacojewelry, recreational boats, cars and vehicle parts, watches, general wares (2019)

Topic: Mongoliarefined petroleum, cars, delivery trucks, construction vehicles, aircraft (2019)

Topic: Montenegrorefined petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, recreational boats, cigarettes (2019)

Topic: Montserratrefined petroleum, cars, oranges, electric motors, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Moroccorefined petroleum, cars and vehicle parts, natural gas, coal, low-voltage protection equipment (2019)

Topic: Mozambiquerefined petroleum, chromium, iron, bauxite, electricity (2019)

Topic: Namibiacopper, refined petroleum, delivery trucks, diamonds, cars (2019)

Topic: Naururefined petroleum, construction vehicles, tug boats, poultry meats, cars (2019)

Topic: Nepalrefined petroleum, iron, broadcasting equipment, natural gas, rice (2019)

Topic: Netherlandscrude petroleum, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, computers, cars (2019)

Topic: New Caledoniarefined petroleum, aircraft, coal, cars, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: New Zealandcars, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, delivery trucks, gas turbines (2019)

Topic: Nicaraguarefined petroleum, clothing and apparel, crude petroleum, packaged medicines, insulated wiring (2019)

Topic: Nigerrice, packaged medicines, palm oil, cars, cement (2019)

Topic: Nigeriarefined petroleum, cars, wheat, laboratory glassware, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Niuehydraulic engines, ships, refined petroleum, cars, plastics (2019)

Topic: Norfolk Islandclothing and apparel, chemical analysis instruments, refined petroleum, cars, kitchen machinery (2019)

Topic: North Macedoniaplatinum, refined petroleum, laboratory ceramics, cars, insulated wiring (2019)

Topic: Northern Mariana Islandsrefined petroleum, trunks/cases, cars, watches, jewelry (2019)

Topic: Norwaycars, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, natural gas, crude petroleum (2019)

Topic: Omancars, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, gold, iron (2019)

Topic: Pakistanrefined petroleum, crude petroleum, natural gas, palm oil, scrap iron (2019)

Topic: Palaurefined petroleum, fish, cars, broadcasting equipment, modeling instruments (2019)

Topic: Panamaships, refined petroleum, crude petroleum, tanker ships, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Papua New Guinearefined petroleum, excavation machinery, crude petroleum, foodstuffs, delivery trucks (2019)

Topic: Paraguaybroadcasting equipment, cars, pesticides, refined petroleum, tires (2019)

Topic: Perurefined petroleum, crude petroleum, cars, broadcasting equipment, delivery trucks (2019)

Topic: Philippinesintegrated circuits, refined petroleum, cars, crude petroleum, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Pitcairn Islandscrude petroleum, refined petroleum, food preparation products, plastics, iron fasteners (2019)

Topic: Polandcars and vehicle parts, crude petroleum,  packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment, office machinery/parts (2019)

Topic: Portugalcars and vehicle parts, crude petroleum, aircraft, packaged medicines, refined petroleum, natural gas (2019)

Topic: Puerto Riconitrogen compounds, sulfur compounds, refined petroleum, medical cultures/vaccines, cars (2019)

Topic: Qataraircraft, gas turbines, cars, jewelry, iron piping (2019)

Topic: Romaniacars and vehicle parts, crude petroleum, packaged medicines, insulated wiring, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Russiacars and vehicle parts, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment, aircraft, computers (2019)

Topic: Rwandarefined petroleum, gold, raw sugar, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Saint Barthelemyfurniture, wine, refined petroleum, jewelry, food preparation materials (2019)

Topic: Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunharefined petroleum, cranes, communion wafers, iron sheeting, cars and vehicle parts (2019)

Topic: Saint Kitts and Nevisrefined petroleum, jewelry, ships, cars, poultry meats, cement (2019)

Topic: Saint Luciacrude petroleum, refined petroleum, cars, poultry meats, natural gas (2019)

Topic: Saint Martinjewelry, diamonds, pearls, recreational boats, cars (2019)

Topic: Saint Pierre and Miquelonfood preparation, packaged medicines, low-voltage protection equipment, cars, computers, iron structures (2019)

Topic: Saint Vincent and the Grenadinesrefined petroleum, ships, poultry meats, tug boats, recreational boats (2019)

Topic: Samoarefined petroleum, iron products, poultry meats, cars, insulated wiring (2019)

Topic: San Marinoelectricity, cars, aluminum, footwear, natural gas, iron piping (2019)

Topic: Sao Tome and Principerefined petroleum, cars, rice, flavored water, postage stamps (2019)

Topic: Saudi Arabiacars, broadcasting equipment, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, telephones (2019)

Topic: Senegalrefined petroleum, crude petroleum, rice, cars, malt extract, clothing and apparel (2019)

Topic: Serbiacrude petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, natural gas, refined petroleum (2019)

Topic: Seychellesrecreational boats, refined petroleum, fish, aircraft, cars (2019)

Topic: Sierra Leonerice, plastics, packaged medicines, sauces/seasonings, cars (2019)

Topic: Singaporeintegrated circuits, refined petroleum, crude petroleum, gold, gas turbines (2019)

Topic: Slovakiacars and vehicle parts, broadcasting equipment, crude petroleum, natural gas, insulated wiring (2019)

Topic: Sloveniapackaged medicines, cars and vehicle parts, refined petroleum, delivery trucks, electricity (2019)

Topic: Solomon Islandsrefined petroleum, fish, insulated wiring, broadcasting equipment, excavation machinery (2019)

Topic: Somaliacigarettes, raw sugar, rice, broadcasting equipment, textiles (2019)

Topic: South Africacrude petroleum, refined petroleum, cars and vehicle parts, gold, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: South Sudancars, delivery trucks, packaged medicines, foodstuffs, clothing and apparel (2019)

Topic: Spaincrude petroleum, cars and vehicle parts, packaged medicines, natural gas, refined petroleum (2019)

Topic: Sri Lankarefined petroleum, textiles, gold, cars, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Sudanraw sugar, wheat, packaged medicines, jewelry, tires, cars and vehicle parts (2019)

Topic: Surinamerefined petroleum, delivery trucks, excavation machinery, cars, construction vehicles (2019)

Topic: Swedencars and vehicle parts, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, computers (2019)

Topic: Switzerlandgold, packaged medicines, jewelry, cars, medical cultures/vaccines (2019)

Topic: Syriacigarettes, broadcasting equipment, wheat flours, sunflower oil, refined petroleum (2019)

Topic: Taiwanintegrated circuits, crude petroleum, photography equipment, natural gas, refined petroleum (2019)

Topic: Tajikistanrefined petroleum, wheat, natural gas, bauxite, aircraft (2019)

Topic: Tanzaniarefined petroleum, palm oil, packaged medicines, cars, wheat (2019)

Topic: Thailandcrude petroleum, integrated circuits, natural gas, vehicle parts, gold (2019)

Topic: Timor-Lesterefined petroleum, cars, cement, delivery trucks, motorcycles (2019)

Topic: Togorefined petroleum, motorcycles, crude petroleum, rice, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Tokelauoscilloscopes, integrated circuits, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, orthopedic appliances (2019)

Topic: Tongarefined petroleum, poultry meats, audio equipment, mutton, goat meat, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Trinidad and Tobagorefined petroleum, excavation machinery, shipping containers, iron, cars (2019)

Topic: Tunisiarefined petroleum, natural gas, low-voltage protection equipment, cars, insulated wiring (2019)

Topic: Turkeygold, refined petroleum, crude petroleum, vehicle parts, scrap iron (2019)

Topic: Turkmenistaniron products, harvesting machinery, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment, tractors (2019)

Topic: Turks and Caicos Islandsrefined petroleum, cars, jewelry, furniture, soybeans (2019)

Topic: Tuvalurefined petroleum, fishing ships, tug boats, other ships, iron structures (2019)

Topic: Ugandapackaged medicines, aircraft, delivery trucks, cars, wheat (2019)

Topic: Ukrainerefined petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, coal, natural gas (2019)

Topic: United Arab Emiratesgold, broadcasting equipment, jewelry, refined petroleum, diamonds (2019)

Topic: United Kingdomgold, cars, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: United Statescars, crude petroleum, computers, broadcasting equipment, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: Uruguaycrude petroleum, packaged medicines, cars, broadcasting equipment, delivery trucks (2019)

Topic: Uzbekistancars and vehicle parts, packaged medicines, refined petroleum, aircraft, construction vehicles (2019)

Topic: Vanuaturefined petroleum, fishing ships, delivery trucks, poultry meats, broadcasting equipment (2019)

Topic: Venezuelarefined petroleum, rice, corn, tires, soybean meal, wheat (2019)

Topic: Vietnamintegrated circuits, telephones, refined petroleum, textiles, semiconductors (2019)

Topic: Virgin Islandsrefined petroleum, crude petroleum, rubber piping, jewelry, beer (2019)

Topic: Wallis and Futunarefined petroleum, beef products, poultry meats, engine parts, packaged medicines (2019)

Topic: West Bankfood, consumer goods, construction materials, petroleum, chemicals

Topic: Worldthe whole range of industrial and agricultural goods and services top ten - share of world trade: see listing for exportsthe whole range of industrial and agricultural goods and servicestop ten - share of world trade: see listing for exports

Topic: Yemenwheat, refined petroleum, iron, rice, cars (2019)

Topic: Zambiarefined petroleum, crude petroleum, delivery trucks, gold, fertilizers (2019)

Topic: Zimbabwerefined petroleum, delivery trucks, packaged medicines, fertilizers, tractors (2019)


Topic: Photos of Fiji

Topic: Introduction
Background: Austronesians settled Fiji around 1000 B.C., followed by successive waves of Melanesians starting around the first century A.D. Fijians traded with Polynesian groups in Samoa and Tonga, and by about 900, much of Fiji was in the Tu’i Tongan Empire’s sphere of influence. The Tongan influence declined significantly by 1200, while Melanesian seafarers continued to periodically arrive in Fiji, further mixing Melanesian and Polynesian cultural traditions. Dutch explorer Abel TASMAN was the first European to spot Fiji in 1643, followed by British explorer James COOK in 1774. Captain William BLIGH plotted the islands in 1789. In the 1800s, merchants, traders, and whalers frequented the islands and the first missionaries arrived in 1835. Rival kings and chiefs competed for power, at times aided by Europeans and their weapons, and in 1865, Seru Epenisa CAKOBAU united many groups into the Confederacy of Independent Kingdoms of Viti. The arrangement proved weak and in 1871 CAKOBAU formed the Kingdom of Fiji in an attempt to centralize power. Fearing a hostile takeover by a foreign power as the kingdom’s economy began to falter, CAKOBAU ceded Fiji to the UK in 1874.

The first British governor set up a plantation-style economy and brought in more than 60,000 Indians as indentured laborers, most of whom chose to stay in Fiji rather than return to India when their contracts expired. In the early 1900s, society was divided along ethnic lines, with iTaukei (indigenous Fijians), Europeans, and Indo-Fijians living in separate areas and maintaining their own languages and traditions. ITaukei fears of an Indo-Fijian takeover of government delayed independence through the 1960s; Fiji achieved independence in 1970 with agreements in place to allocate parliamentary seats by ethnic groups. Long-serving Prime Minister Kamisese MARA largely balanced these ethnic divisions, but concerns about growing Indo-Fijian political influence led to two coups in 1987. A new constitution in 1990 cemented iTaukei control of politics, leading thousands of Indo-Fijians to leave. A reformed constitution in 1997 was more equitable and led to the election of an Indo-Fijian prime minister in 1999, who was ousted in a coup the following year. In 2005, the new prime minister put forward a bill that would grant pardons to the coup perpetrators, leading Commodore Josaia BAINIMARAMA to launch a coup in 2006. BAINIMARAMA  appointed himself prime minister in 2007 and continues to hold the position after elections in 2014 and 2018 that international observers deemed credible.

With well-developed infrastructure, Fiji has become a hub for the Pacific, hosting the secretariat for the Pacific Islands Forum and the main campus of the University of the South Pacific. In addition, Fiji is a center for Pacific tourism, and Nadi International Airport is by far the busiest airport in a Pacific island country.Austronesians settled Fiji around 1000 B.C., followed by successive waves of Melanesians starting around the first century A.D. Fijians traded with Polynesian groups in Samoa and Tonga, and by about 900, much of Fiji was in the Tu’i Tongan Empire’s sphere of influence. The Tongan influence declined significantly by 1200, while Melanesian seafarers continued to periodically arrive in Fiji, further mixing Melanesian and Polynesian cultural traditions. Dutch explorer Abel TASMAN was the first European to spot Fiji in 1643, followed by British explorer James COOK in 1774. Captain William BLIGH plotted the islands in 1789. In the 1800s, merchants, traders, and whalers frequented the islands and the first missionaries arrived in 1835. Rival kings and chiefs competed for power, at times aided by Europeans and their weapons, and in 1865, Seru Epenisa CAKOBAU united many groups into the Confederacy of Independent Kingdoms of Viti. The arrangement proved weak and in 1871 CAKOBAU formed the Kingdom of Fiji in an attempt to centralize power. Fearing a hostile takeover by a foreign power as the kingdom’s economy began to falter, CAKOBAU ceded Fiji to the UK in 1874.

The first British governor set up a plantation-style economy and brought in more than 60,000 Indians as indentured laborers, most of whom chose to stay in Fiji rather than return to India when their contracts expired. In the early 1900s, society was divided along ethnic lines, with iTaukei (indigenous Fijians), Europeans, and Indo-Fijians living in separate areas and maintaining their own languages and traditions. ITaukei fears of an Indo-Fijian takeover of government delayed independence through the 1960s; Fiji achieved independence in 1970 with agreements in place to allocate parliamentary seats by ethnic groups. Long-serving Prime Minister Kamisese MARA largely balanced these ethnic divisions, but concerns about growing Indo-Fijian political influence led to two coups in 1987. A new constitution in 1990 cemented iTaukei control of politics, leading thousands of Indo-Fijians to leave. A reformed constitution in 1997 was more equitable and led to the election of an Indo-Fijian prime minister in 1999, who was ousted in a coup the following year. In 2005, the new prime minister put forward a bill that would grant pardons to the coup perpetrators, leading Commodore Josaia BAINIMARAMA to launch a coup in 2006. BAINIMARAMA  appointed himself prime minister in 2007 and continues to hold the position after elections in 2014 and 2018 that international observers deemed credible.

With well-developed infrastructure, Fiji has become a hub for the Pacific, hosting the secretariat for the Pacific Islands Forum and the main campus of the University of the South Pacific. In addition, Fiji is a center for Pacific tourism, and Nadi International Airport is by far the busiest airport in a Pacific island country.Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Topic: Geography
Location: Oceania, island group in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Geographic coordinates: 18 00 S, 175 00 E
Map references: Oceania
Area: total: 18,274 sq km

land: 18,274 sq km

water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly smaller than New Jersey
Land boundaries: total: 0 km
Coastline: 1,129 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm

contiguous zone: 24 nm

exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines
Climate: tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
Terrain: mostly mountains of volcanic origin
Elevation: highest point: Tomanivi 1,324 m

lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
Natural resources: timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil potential, hydropower
Land use: agricultural land: 23.3% (2018 est.)

arable land: 9% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 4.7% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 9.6% (2018 est.)

forest: 55.7% (2018 est.)

other: 21% (2018 est.)
Irrigated land: 40 sq km (2012)
Population distribution: approximately 70% of the population lives on the island of Viti Levu; roughly half of the population lives in urban areas
Natural hazards: cyclonic storms can occur from November to January
Geography - note: consists of 332 islands, approximately 110 of which are inhabited, and more than 500 islets
Map description: Fiji map showing the many islands that make up the country in the South Pacific Ocean.Fiji map showing the many islands that make up the country in the South Pacific Ocean.

Topic: People and Society
Population: 943,737 (2022 est.)
Nationality: noun: Fijian(s)

adjective: Fijian
Ethnic groups: iTaukei 56.8% (predominantly Melanesian with a Polynesian admixture), Indo-Fijian 37.5%, Rotuman 1.2%, other 4.5% (European, part European, other Pacific Islanders, Chinese) (2007 est.)

note: a 2010 law replaces 'Fijian' with 'iTaukei' when referring to the original and native settlers of Fiji
Languages: English (official), iTaukei (official), Fiji Hindi (official)
Religions: Protestant 45% (Methodist 34.6%, Assembly of God 5.7%, Seventh Day Adventist 3.9%, and Anglican 0.8%), Hindu 27.9%, other Christian 10.4%, Roman Catholic 9.1%, Muslim 6.3%, Sikh 0.3%, other 0.3%, none 0.8% (2007 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 26.86% (male 128,499/female 122,873)

15-24 years: 15.51% (male 73,993/female 71,139)

25-54 years: 41.05% (male 196,932/female 187,270)

55-64 years: 9.25% (male 43,813/female 42,763)

65 years and over: 7.34% (2020 est.) (male 31,556/female 37,136)
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 53.4

youth dependency ratio: 44.5

elderly dependency ratio: 8.9

potential support ratio: 11.2 (2020 est.)
Median age: total: 29.9 years

male: 29.7 years

female: 30.1 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.44% (2022 est.)
Birth rate: 16.56 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate: 6.37 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Net migration rate: -5.84 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Population distribution: approximately 70% of the population lives on the island of Viti Levu; roughly half of the population lives in urban areas
Urbanization: urban population: 58.2% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 1.37% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population: 178,000 SUVA (capital) (2018)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.6 male(s)/female

total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio: 34 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)
Infant mortality rate: total: 10.06 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 11.59 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 8.45 deaths/1,000 live births (2022 est.)
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 74.27 years

male: 71.6 years

female: 77.07 years (2022 est.)
Total fertility rate: 2.26 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate: NA
Drinking water source: improved: urban: 98.2% of population

rural: 89.1% of population

total: 94.3% of population

unimproved: urban: 1.8% of population

rural: 10.9% of population

total: 5.7% of population (2020 est.)
Current Health Expenditure: 3.8% (2019)
Physicians density: 0.86 physicians/1,000 population (2015)
Hospital bed density: 2 beds/1,000 population (2016)
Sanitation facility access: improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2020 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.2% (2020 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 1,300 (2020 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths: (2020 est.) <100
Major infectious diseases: degree of risk: high (2020)

food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea

vectorborne diseases: malaria
Obesity - adult prevalence rate: 30.2% (2016)
Tobacco use: total: 23.1% (2020 est.)

male: 35.6% (2020 est.)

female: 10.5% (2020 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: NA
Education expenditures: 5.1% of GDP (2019 est.)
Literacy: total population: 99.1%

male: 99.1%

female: 99.1% (2018)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 15.4%

male: 11.9%

female: 22.4% (2016 est.)

Topic: Environment
Environment - current issues: the widespread practice of waste incineration is a major contributor to air pollution in the country, as are vehicle emissions in urban areas; deforestation and soil erosion are significant problems; a contributory factor to erosion is clearing of land by bush burning, a widespread practie that threatens biodiversity
Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Air pollutants: particulate matter emissions: 10.19 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)

carbon dioxide emissions: 2.05 megatons (2016 est.)

methane emissions: 0.95 megatons (2020 est.)
Climate: tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
Land use: agricultural land: 23.3% (2018 est.)

arable land: 9% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 4.7% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 9.6% (2018 est.)

forest: 55.7% (2018 est.)

other: 21% (2018 est.)
Urbanization: urban population: 58.2% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 1.37% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Revenue from forest resources: forest revenues: 0.59% of GDP (2018 est.)
Revenue from coal: coal revenues: 0% of GDP (2018 est.)
Major infectious diseases: degree of risk: high (2020)

food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea

vectorborne diseases: malaria
Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually: 189,390 tons (2011 est.)

municipal solid waste recycled annually: 10,322 tons (2013 est.)

percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 5.5% (2013 est.)
Total water withdrawal: municipal: 25.3 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

industrial: 9.6 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

agricultural: 50 million cubic meters (2017 est.)
Total renewable water resources: 28.55 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)

Topic: Government
Country name: conventional long form: Republic of Fiji

conventional short form: Fiji

local long form: Republic of Fiji (English)/ Matanitu ko Viti (Fijian)

local short form: Fiji (English)/ Viti (Fijian)

etymology: the Fijians called their home Viti, but the neighboring Tongans called it Fisi, and in the Anglicized spelling of the Tongan pronunciation - promulgated by explorer Captain James COOK - the designation became Fiji
Government type: parliamentary republic
Capital: name: Suva (on Viti Levu)

geographic coordinates: 18 08 S, 178 25 E

time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the name means "little hill" in the native Fijian (iTaukei) language and refers to a mound where a temple once stood
Administrative divisions: 14 provinces and 1 dependency*; Ba, Bua, Cakaudrove, Kadavu, Lau, Lomaiviti, Macuata, Nadroga and Navosa, Naitasiri, Namosi, Ra, Rewa, Rotuma*, Serua, Tailevu
Independence: 10 October 1970 (from the UK)
National holiday: Fiji (Independence) Day, 10 October (1970)
Constitution: history: several previous; latest signed into law 6 September 2013

amendments: proposed as a bill by Parliament and supported by at least three quarters of its members, followed by referral to the president and then to the Electoral Commission, which conducts a referendum; passage requires approval by at least three-quarters of registered voters and assent by the president
Legal system: common law system based on the English model
International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship: citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Fiji

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: at least 5 years residency out of the 10 years preceding application
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch: chief of state: President Ratu Wiliame KATONIVERE (since 12 November 2021)

head of government: Prime Minister Voreqe "Frank" BAINIMARAMA (since 22 September 2014)

cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among members of Parliament and is responsible to Parliament

elections/appointments: president elected by Parliament for a 3-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 22 October 2021 (next to be held in 2024); prime minister endorsed by the president

election results: Ratu Wiliame KATONIVERE elected president with 28 votes against 23 votes for Teimumu KEPA
Legislative branch: description: unicameral Parliament (51 seats; members directly elected in a nationwide, multi-seat constituency by open-list proportional representation vote to serve 4-year terms)

elections: last held on 14 November 2018 (next to be held in 2022)

election results: percent of vote by party - FijiFirst 50%, SODELPA 39.6%, NFP 7.4%; seats by party - FijiFirst 27, SODELPA 21, NFP 3; composition - men 41, women 10, percent of women 19.6%
Judicial branch: highest courts: Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, all justices of the Court of Appeal, and judges appointed specifically as Supreme Court judges); Court of Appeal (consists of the court president, all puisne judges of the High Court, and judges specifically appointed to the Court of Appeal); High Court (chaired by the chief justice and includes a minimum of 10 puisne judges; High Court organized into civil, criminal, family, employment, and tax divisions)

judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition; judges of the Supreme Court, the president of the Court of Appeal, the justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court appointed by the president of Fiji upon the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission after consulting with the cabinet minister and the committee of the House of Representatives responsible for the administration of justice; the chief justice, Supreme Court judges and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70, but this requirement may be waived for one or more sessions of the court; puisne judges appointed for not less than 4 years nor more than 7 years, with mandatory retirement at age 65

subordinate courts: Magistrates' Court (organized into civil, criminal, juvenile, and small claims divisions)
Political parties and leaders: FijiFirst [Veroqe "Frank" BAINIMARAMA]
Fiji Labor Party or FLP [Mahendra CHAUDHRY]
Fiji United Freedon Party or FUFP [Jagath KARUNARATNE]
National Federation Party or NFP [Biman PRASAD] (primarily Indian)
Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Lynda TABUYA]
Social Democratic Liberal Party or SODELPA
Unity Fiji [Adi QORO]
International organization participation: ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, CP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OPCW, PCA, PIF, Sparteca (suspended), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Akuila VUIRA

chancery: 1707 L Street NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036

telephone: [1] (202) 466-8320

FAX: [1] (202) 466-8325

email address and website:
info@FijiEmbassyDC.com

https://www.fijiembassydc.com/
Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Tony GREUBEL (since 20 January 2021); note - also accredited to Kiribati, Nauru, Tonga, and Tuvalu

embassy: 158 Princes Road, Tamavua, Suva

mailing address: 4290 Suva Place, Washington DC  20521-4290

telephone: [679] 331-4466

FAX: [679] 330-2267

email address and website:
SuvaACS@state.gov

https://fj.usembassy.gov/
Flag description: light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Fijian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the blue symbolizes the Pacific Ocean and the Union Jack reflects the links with Great Britain; the shield - taken from Fiji's coat of arms - depicts a yellow lion, holding a coconut pod between its paws, above a white field quartered by the cross of Saint George; the four quarters depict stalks of sugarcane, a palm tree, a banana bunch, and a white dove of peace
National symbol(s): Fijian canoe; national color: light blue
National anthem: name: "God Bless Fiji"

lyrics/music: Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT/C. Austin MILES (adapted by Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT)

note: adopted 1970; known in Fijian as "Meda Dau Doka" (Let Us Show Pride); adapted from the hymn, "Dwelling in Beulah Land," the anthem's English lyrics are generally sung, although they differ in meaning from the official Fijian lyrics
National heritage: total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural)

selected World Heritage Site locales: Levuka Historical Port Town

Topic: Economy
Economic overview: Fiji, endowed with forest, mineral, and fish resources, is one of the most developed and connected of the Pacific island economies. Earnings from the tourism industry, with an estimated 842,884 tourists visiting in 2017, and remittances from Fijian’s working abroad are the country’s largest foreign exchange earners.   Bottled water exports to the US is Fiji’s largest domestic export. Fiji's sugar sector remains a significant industry and a major export, but crops and one of the sugar mills suffered damage during Cyclone Winston in 2016. Fiji’s trade imbalance continues to widen with increased imports and sluggish performance of domestic exports.   The return to parliamentary democracy and successful elections in September 2014 improved investor confidence, but increasing bureaucratic regulation, new taxes, and lack of consultation with relevant stakeholders brought four consecutive years of decline for Fiji on the World Bank Ease of Doing Business index. Private sector investment in 2017 approached 20% of GDP, compared to 13% in 2013.Fiji, endowed with forest, mineral, and fish resources, is one of the most developed and connected of the Pacific island economies. Earnings from the tourism industry, with an estimated 842,884 tourists visiting in 2017, and remittances from Fijian’s working abroad are the country’s largest foreign exchange earners. Bottled water exports to the US is Fiji’s largest domestic export. Fiji's sugar sector remains a significant industry and a major export, but crops and one of the sugar mills suffered damage during Cyclone Winston in 2016. Fiji’s trade imbalance continues to widen with increased imports and sluggish performance of domestic exports. The return to parliamentary democracy and successful elections in September 2014 improved investor confidence, but increasing bureaucratic regulation, new taxes, and lack of consultation with relevant stakeholders brought four consecutive years of decline for Fiji on the World Bank Ease of Doing Business index. Private sector investment in 2017 approached 20% of GDP, compared to 13% in 2013.
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): $9.86 billion (2020 est.)

$12.18 billion (2019 est.)

$12.23 billion (2018 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars
Real GDP growth rate: 3% (2017 est.)

0.7% (2016 est.)

3.8% (2015 est.)
Real GDP per capita: $11,000 (2020 est.)

$13,700 (2019 est.)

$13,800 (2018 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate): $4.891 billion (2017 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.4% (2017 est.)

3.9% (2016 est.)
Credit ratings: Moody's rating: Ba3 (2017)

Standard & Poors rating: BB- (2019)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 13.5% (2017 est.)

industry: 17.4% (2017 est.)

services: 69.1% (2017 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 81.3% (2017 est.)

government consumption: 24.4% (2017 est.)

investment in fixed capital: 16.9% (2017 est.)

investment in inventories: 0% (2017 est.)

exports of goods and services: 29% (2017 est.)

imports of goods and services: -51.6% (2017 est.)
Agricultural products: sugar cane, cassava, taro, poultry, vegetables, coconuts, eggs, milk, ginger, sweet potatoes
Industries: tourism, sugar processing, clothing, copra, gold, silver, lumber
Industrial production growth rate: 2.8% (2017 est.)
Labor force: 353,100 (2017 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 44.2%

industry: 14.3%

services: 41.6% (2011)
Unemployment rate: 4.5% (2017 est.)

5.5% (2016 est.)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 15.4%

male: 11.9%

female: 22.4% (2016 est.)
Population below poverty line: 29.9% (2019 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: 36.7 (2013 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 2.6%

highest 10%: 34.9% (2009 est.)
Budget: revenues: 1.454 billion (2017 est.)

expenditures: 1.648 billion (2017 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): -4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Public debt: 48.9% of GDP (2017 est.)

47.5% of GDP (2016 est.)
Taxes and other revenues: 29.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Current account balance: -$277 million (2017 est.)

-$131 million (2016 est.)
Exports: $1.23 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$2.64 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$2.67 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners: United States 29%, Australia 14%, New Zealand 7%, Japan 6%, Tonga 6% (2019)
Exports - commodities: water, refined petroleum, fish, raw sugar, gold (2019)
Imports: $1.97 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$3.21 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$3.1 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners: Singapore 18%, Australia 13%, China 13.8%, New Zealand 11%, France 11%, South Korea 8% (2017)
Imports - commodities: refined petroleum, aircraft, cars, wheat, broadcasting equipment (2019)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $1.116 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$908.6 million (31 December 2016 est.)
Debt - external: $1.022 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$696.4 million (31 December 2016 est.)
Exchange rates: Fijian dollars (FJD) per US dollar -

2.05955 (2020 est.)

2.17345 (2019 est.)

2.1104 (2018 est.)

2.0976 (2014 est.)

1.8874 (2013 est.)

Topic: Energy
Electricity access: electrification - total population: 99.6% (2018)

electrification - urban areas: 100% (2018)

electrification - rural areas: 99.2% (2018)
Electricity: installed generating capacity: 393,000 kW (2020 est.)

consumption: 1,022,955,000 kWh (2019 est.)

exports: 0 kWh (2020 est.)

imports: 0 kWh (2020 est.)

transmission/distribution losses: 90 million kWh (2019 est.)
Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels: 41.9% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

solar: 1.6% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

wind: 0.3% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

hydroelectricity: 50.2% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

biomass and waste: 6% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Coal: production: 0 metric tons (2020 est.)

consumption: 0 metric tons (2020 est.)

exports: 0 metric tons (2020 est.)

imports: 0 metric tons (2020 est.)

proven reserves: 0 metric tons (2019 est.)
Petroleum: total petroleum production: 0 bbl/day (2021 est.)

refined petroleum consumption: 11,500 bbl/day (2019 est.)

crude oil and lease condensate exports: 0 barrels/day (2018 est.)

crude oil and lease condensate imports: 0 barrels/day (2018 est.)

crude oil estimated reserves: 0 barrels (2021 est.)
Refined petroleum products - production: 0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Refined petroleum products - exports: 0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Refined petroleum products - imports: 17,460 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Natural gas: production: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)

consumption: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)

exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)

imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)

proven reserves: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions: 1.691 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from petroleum and other liquids: 1.691 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

from consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)
Energy consumption per capita: 32.901 million Btu/person (2019 est.)

Topic: Communications
Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions: 48,510 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 5 (2020 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions: 991,500 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 111 (2020 est.)
Telecommunication systems: general assessment: Fiji is the leading market to watch in terms of both LTE and 5G development in the region; the market boasts relatively sophisticated, advanced digital infrastructure, with telcos’ heavy investment resulting in the country having the highest mobile and internet subscriptions in the Pacific Islands region; LTE, LTE-A, and fiber technologies have received the most investment by the Fijian mobile operators, which include Digicel Fiji, Vodafone Fiji, and Telecom Fiji. Notably, LTE now accounts for the largest share of connections in the mobile segment; concentrating on the more highly populated areas, the operators are preparing for the next growth area of high-speed data; they also have 5G in mind, and are preparing their networks to be 5G-ready, anticipating an easier migration to the technology based on the relatively high LTE subscription rate; the sale of Digicel to Telstra also passed a major hurdle when the Fijian Competition and Consumer Commission approved the transaction in March 2022; Fiji presents a challenging geographic environment for infrastructure development due to its population being spread across more than 100 islands; the majority of Fijians live on the two main islands of Viti Levu and Vanua Levu; in July 2018, the two islands were linked by the Savusavu submarine cable system, which provides a more secure link in times of emergency weather events such as the regular tropical cyclones that often cause massive destruction to the area, including destroying essential infrastructure such as electricity and telecommunications equipment; notably, the December 2021 eruption of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai submarine volcano in Tonga damaged the Tonga Cable which connects Fiji, and Tonga blocking the latter off from internet services; cable theft and damage of critical communications infrastructure has also become a concern in Fiji, prompting authorities to establish a joint task force to tackle the issue. (2022)

domestic: fixed-line nearly 9 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 118 per 100 persons (2019)

international: country code - 679; landing points for the ICN1, SCCN, Southern Cross NEXT, Tonga Cable and Tui-Samoa submarine cable links to US, NZ, Australia and Pacific islands of Fiji, Vanuatu, Kiribati, Samoa, Tokelau, Tonga, Fallis & Futuna, and American Samoa; satellite earth stations - 2 Inmarsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019)

note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress towards 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
Broadcast media: Fiji TV, a publicly traded company, operates a free-to-air channel; Digicel Fiji operates the Sky Fiji and Sky Pacific multi-channel pay-TV services; state-owned commercial company, Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Ltd, operates 6 radio stations - 2 public broadcasters and 4 commercial broadcasters with multiple repeaters; 5 radio stations with repeaters operated by Communications Fiji, Ltd; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available
Internet country code: .fj
Internet users: total: 444,978 (2019 est.)

percent of population: 50% (2019 est.)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total: 23,062 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Transportation
National air transport system: number of registered air carriers: 2 (2020)

inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 16

annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 1,670,216 (2018)

annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 106.83 million (2018) mt-km
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: DQ
Airports: total: 28 (2021)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 4

over 3,047 m: 1

1,524 to 2,437 m: 1

914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2021)
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 24

914 to 1,523 m: 5

under 914 m: 19 (2021)
Railways: total: 597 km (2008)

narrow gauge: 597 km (2008) 0.600-m gauge

note: belongs to the government-owned Fiji Sugar Corporation; used to haul sugarcane during the harvest season, which runs from May to December
Roadways: total: 3,440 km (2011)

paved: 1,686 km (2011)

unpaved: 1,754 km (2011)
Waterways: 203 km (2012) (122 km are navigable by motorized craft and 200-metric-ton barges)
Merchant marine: total: 73

by type: general cargo 20, oil tanker 4, other 49 (2021)
Ports and terminals: major seaport(s): Lautoka, Levuka, Suva

Topic: Military and Security
Military and security forces: Republic of Fiji Military Force (RFMF): Land Force Command, Maritime Command; Fiji Police Force (2022)

note: the RFMF is subordinate to the president as the commander-in-chief, while the Fiji Police Force reports to the the Ministry of Defense, National Security, and Policing
Military expenditures: 1.5% of GDP (2021 est.)

1.4% of GDP (2020 est.)

1.6% of GDP (2019 est.) (approximately $160 million)

1.6% of GDP (2018 est.) (approximately $160 million)

1.5% of GDP (2017 est.) (approximately $150 million)
Military and security service personnel strengths: approximately 4,000 active personnel (2022)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions: the RFMF is lightly armed and equipped; Australia has provided patrol boats and a few armored personnel carriers; it also provides logistical support for RFMF regional or UN operations; in recent years, China has provided construction equipment and military vehicles (2021)
Military service age and obligation: 18 years of age for voluntary military service; mandatory retirement at age 55 (2021)
Military deployments: 170 Egypt (MFO); 165 Iraq (UNAMI); 150 Golan Heights (UNDOF) (2022)
Military - note: the RFMF has a history of intervening in the country’s politics since the late 1980s, including coups in 1987 and 2006, and a mutiny in 2000

the RFMF also has a long tradition of participating in UN peacekeeping operations; since its first deployment of troops to South Lebanon in 1978 under the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), it has deployed troops on nearly 20 additional UN missions (2022)

Topic: Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: maritime boundary dispute with Tonga
Trafficking in persons: current situation: human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Fiji and Fijians abroad; Fijian women and children and victims from Thailand and China are sex trafficked in illegal brothels, local hotels, private homes, and massage parlors; Fijian children sent to live with families in larger cities are vulnerable to forced labor or sexual activity in exchange for food, clothing, shelter, or school fees; labor traffickers exploit Southeast Asian workers on small informal farms and factories and in construction; Southeast Asian fisherman may be subject to forced labor on Fijian-flagged ships or foreign-flagged ships transiting Fijian ports and water

tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List — Fiji does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; authorities maintained anti-trafficking law enforcement, investigating a similar number of cases as the prior year and convicting a trafficker for the first time since 2014; a government-convened working group finalized an updated anti-trafficking national action plan; however, the government did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts; law enforcement was often unaware of the definition of trafficking, procedures for interviewing victims, and how to proactively screen vulnerable populations for trafficking victims; inspectors did not adequately investigate labor violations for trafficking indicators or provide adequate support to victims (2020)