Topic: Photos of Malta

Topic: Introduction
Background: With a civilization that dates back thousands of years, Malta boasts some of the oldest megalithic sites in the world. Situated in the center of the Mediterranean, Malta’s islands have long served as a strategic military asset, with the islands at various times having come under control of the Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Moors, Normans, Sicilians, Spanish, Knights of St. John, and the French. Most recently a British colony (since 1814), Malta gained its independence in 1964 and declared itself a republic ten years later. While under British rule, the island staunchly supported the UK through both world wars. Since about the mid-1980s, the island has transformed itself into a freight transshipment point, a financial center, and a tourist destination while its key industries moved toward more service-oriented activities. Malta became an EU member in May 2004 and began using the euro as currency in 2008.Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Topic: Geography
Location: Southern Europe, islands in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Sicily (Italy)
Geographic coordinates: 35 50 N, 14 35 E
Map references: Europe
Area: total: 316 sq km

land: 316 sq km

water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly less than twice the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries: total: 0 km
Coastline: 196.8 km (excludes 56 km for the island of Gozo)
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm

contiguous zone: 24 nm

continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive fishing zone: 25 nm
Climate: Mediterranean; mild, rainy winters; hot, dry summers
Terrain: mostly low, rocky, flat to dissected plains; many coastal cliffs
Elevation: highest point: Ta'Dmejrek on Dingli Cliffs 253 m

lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
Natural resources: limestone, salt, arable land
Land use: agricultural land: 32.3% (2018 est.)

arable land: 28.4% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 3.9% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)

forest: 0.9% (2018 est.)

other: 66.8% (2018 est.)
Irrigated land: 35 sq km (2012)
Population distribution: most of the population lives on the eastern half of Malta, the largest of the three inhabited islands
Natural hazards: occasional droughts
Geography - note: the country comprises an archipelago, with only the three largest islands (Malta, Ghawdex or Gozo, and Kemmuna or Comino) inhabited; numerous bays provide good harbors; Malta and Tunisia are discussing oil exploration on the continental shelf between their countries, although no commercially viable reserves have been found as of 2017

Topic: People and Society
Population: 464,186 (2022 est.)
Nationality: noun: Maltese (singular and plural)

adjective: Maltese
Ethnic groups: Maltese (descendants of ancient Carthaginians and Phoenicians with strong elements of Italian and other Mediterranean stock)
Languages: Maltese (official) 90.1%, English (official) 6%, multilingual 3%, other 0.9% (2005 est.)
Religions: Roman Catholic (official) more than 90% (2006 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 14.38% (male 33,934/female 31,823)

15-24 years: 10.33% (male 24,445/female 22,811)

25-54 years: 41.1% (male 97,685/female 90,264)

55-64 years: 12.88% (male 29,533/female 29,353)

65 years and over: 21.3% (male 44,644/female 52,775) (2020 est.)
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 55.5

youth dependency ratio: 22.4

elderly dependency ratio: 33.2

potential support ratio: 3 (2020 est.)
Median age: total: 42.3 years

male: 41.2 years

female: 43.5 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.67% (2022 est.)
Birth rate: 9.73 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate: 8.48 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Net migration rate: 5.49 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Population distribution: most of the population lives on the eastern half of Malta, the largest of the three inhabited islands
Urbanization: urban population: 94.9% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 0.28% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population: 213,000 VALLETTA (capital) (2018)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1.09 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female

total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth: 29 years (2019 est.)

note: data refer to the average of the different childbearing ages of first-order births
Maternal mortality ratio: 6 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)
Infant mortality rate: total: 4.53 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 4.43 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 4.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2022 est.)
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 83.2 years

male: 81.11 years

female: 85.38 years (2022 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.5 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate: NA
Drinking water source: improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2020 est.)
Current Health Expenditure: 8.2% (2019)
Physicians density: 2.86 physicians/1,000 population (2015)
Hospital bed density: 4.5 beds/1,000 population (2017)
Sanitation facility access: improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2020 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.1% (2016 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: <500 (2016 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths: <100 (2016 est.)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate: 28.9% (2016)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: NA
Education expenditures: 4.7% of GDP (2017)
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 94.5%

male: 93%

female: 96% (2018)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total: 17 years

male: 16 years

female: 17 years (2019)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 10.7%

male: 13.1%

female: 8% (2020 est.)

Topic: Environment
Environment - current issues: limited natural freshwater resources; increasing reliance on desalination; deforestation; wildlife preservation
Environment - international agreements: party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Air pollutants: particulate matter emissions: 13.97 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)

carbon dioxide emissions: 1.34 megatons (2016 est.)

methane emissions: 0.2 megatons (2020 est.)
Climate: Mediterranean; mild, rainy winters; hot, dry summers
Land use: agricultural land: 32.3% (2018 est.)

arable land: 28.4% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 3.9% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)

forest: 0.9% (2018 est.)

other: 66.8% (2018 est.)
Urbanization: urban population: 94.9% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 0.28% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Revenue from forest resources: forest revenues: 0% of GDP (2018 est.)
Revenue from coal: coal revenues: 0% of GDP (2018 est.)
Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually: 269,000 tons (2015 est.)

municipal solid waste recycled annually: 17,996 tons (2015 est.)

percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 6.7% (2015 est.)
Total water withdrawal: municipal: 37.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

industrial: 1 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

agricultural: 25.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.)
Total renewable water resources: 50.5 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

Topic: Government
Country name: conventional long form: Republic of Malta

conventional short form: Malta

local long form: Repubblika ta' Malta

local short form: Malta

etymology: the ancient Greeks called the island "Melite" meaning "honey-sweet" from the Greek word "meli" meaning "honey" and referring to the island's honey production
Government type: parliamentary republic
Capital: name: Valletta

geographic coordinates: 35 53 N, 14 30 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: named in honor of Jean de Valette, the Grand Master of the Order of Saint John (crusader knights), who successfully led a defense of the island from an Ottoman invasion in 1565
Administrative divisions: 68 localities (Il-lokalita); Attard, Balzan, Birgu, Birkirkara, Birzebbuga, Bormla, Dingli, Fgura, Floriana, Fontana, Ghajnsielem, Gharb, Gharghur, Ghasri, Ghaxaq, Gudja, Gzira, Hamrun, Iklin, Imdina, Imgarr, Imqabba, Imsida, Imtarfa, Isla, Kalkara, Kercem, Kirkop, Lija, Luqa, Marsa, Marsaskala, Marsaxlokk, Mellieha, Mosta, Munxar, Nadur, Naxxar, Paola, Pembroke, Pieta, Qala, Qormi, Qrendi, Rabat, Rabat (Ghawdex), Safi, San Giljan/Saint Julian, San Gwann/Saint John, San Lawrenz/Saint Lawrence, Sannat, San Pawl il-Bahar/Saint Paul's Bay, Santa Lucija/Saint Lucia, Santa Venera/Saint Venera, Siggiewi, Sliema, Swieqi, Tarxien, Ta' Xbiex, Valletta, Xaghra, Xewkija, Xghajra, Zabbar, Zebbug, Zebbug (Ghawdex), Zejtun, Zurrieq
Independence: 21 September 1964 (from the UK)
National holiday: Independence Day, 21 September (1964); Republic Day, 13 December (1974)
Constitution: history: many previous; latest adopted 21 September 1964

amendments: proposals (Acts of Parliament) require at least two-thirds majority vote by the House of Representatives; passage of Acts requires majority vote by referendum, followed by final majority vote by the House and assent of the president of the republic; amended many times, last in 2020
Legal system: mixed legal system of English common law and civil law based on the Roman and Napoleonic civil codes; subject to European Union law
International law organization participation: accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship: citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Malta

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Suffrage: 18 years of age (16 in local council elections); universal
Executive branch: chief of state: President George VELLA (since 4 April 2019)

head of government: Prime Minister Robert ABELA (13 January 2020)

cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister

elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by the House of Representatives for a single 5-year term; election last held on 2 April 2019 (next to be held by April 2024); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president for a 5-year term; deputy prime minister appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister

election results: George VELLA (PL) elected president; House of Representatives vote - unanimous; Robert ABELA (PL) appointed prime minister
Legislative branch: description: unicameral House of Representatives or Il-Kamra Tad-Deputati, a component of the Parliament of Malta (normally 65 seats but can include at-large members; members directly elected in 5 multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms); note - an additional two seats were added in 2016 by the Constitutional Court to correct for mistakes made in the 2013 vote-counting process

elections: last held on 26 March 2022 (next to be held in 2027)

election results: percent of vote by party - PL 55.1%, PN 41.7%, other 3.2%; seats by party - PL 38 PN 29; composition - men NA, women NA, percent of women NA%
Judicial branch: highest courts: Court of Appeal (consists of either 1 or 3 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 3 judges); Court of Criminal Appeal (consists of either 1 or 3 judges)

judge selection and term of office: Court of Appeal and Constitutional Court judges appointed by the president, usually upon the advice of the prime minister; judges of both courts serve until age 65

subordinate courts: Civil Court (divided into the General Jurisdiction Section, Family Section, and Voluntary Section); Criminal Court; Court of Magistrates; Gozo Courts (for the islands of Gozo and Comino)
Political parties and leaders: Democratic Party (Partit Demokratiku) or PD [Godfrey FARRUGIA]
Labor Party (Partit Laburista) or PL [Robert ABELA]
Nationalist Party (Partit Nazzjonalista) or PN [Bernard GRECH]
International organization participation: Australia Group, C, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina (observer), UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Keith AZZOPARDI (since 17 September 2018)

chancery: 2017 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone: [1] (202) 462-3611; [1] (202) 462-3612

FAX: [1] (202) 387-5470

email address and website:
maltaembassy.washington@gov.mt

https://foreignandeu.gov.mt/en/Embassies/ME_United_States/Pages/ME_United_States.aspx
Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Gwendolyn "Wendy" GREEN (since August 2020)

embassy: Ta' Qali National Park, Attard, ATD 4000

mailing address: 5800 Valletta Place, Washington DC  20521-5800

telephone: [356] 2561-4000

email address and website:
ACSMalta@state.gov

https://mt.usembassy.gov/
Flag description: two equal vertical bands of white (hoist side) and red; in the upper hoist-side corner is a representation of the George Cross, edged in red; according to legend, the colors are taken from the red and white checkered banner of Count Roger of Sicily who removed a bi-colored corner and granted it to Malta in 1091; an uncontested explanation is that the colors are those of the Knights of Saint John who ruled Malta from 1530 to 1798; in 1942, King George VI of the UK awarded the George Cross to the islanders for their exceptional bravery and gallantry in World War II; since independence in 1964, the George Cross bordered in red has appeared directly on the white field
National symbol(s): Maltese eight-pointed cross; national colors: red, white
National anthem: name: "L-Innu Malti" (The Maltese Anthem)

lyrics/music: Dun Karm PSAILA/Robert SAMMUT

note: adopted 1945; written in the form of a prayer
National heritage: total World Heritage Sites: 3 (all cultural)

selected World Heritage Site locales: City of Valletta, Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum, Megalithic Temples of Malta

Topic: Economy
Economic overview: Malta’s free market economy – the smallest economy in the euro-zone – relies heavily on trade in both goods and services, principally with Europe. Malta produces less than a quarter of its food needs, has limited fresh water supplies, and has few domestic energy sources. Malta's economy is dependent on foreign trade, manufacturing, and tourism. Malta joined the EU in 2004 and adopted the euro on 1 January 2008.Malta has weathered the euro-zone crisis better than most EU member states due to a low debt-to-GDP ratio and financially sound banking sector. It maintains one of the lowest unemployment rates in Europe, and growth has fully recovered since the 2009 recession. In 2014 through 2016, Malta led the euro zone in growth, expanding more than 4.5% per year.Malta’s services sector continues to grow, with sustained growth in the financial services and online gaming sectors. Advantageous tax schemes remained attractive to foreign investors, though EU discussions of anti-tax avoidance measures have raised concerns among Malta’s financial services and insurance providers, as the measures could have a significant impact on those sectors. The tourism sector also continued to grow, with 2016 showing record-breaking numbers of both air and cruise passenger arrivals.Malta’s GDP growth remains strong and is supported by a strong labor market. The government has implemented new programs, including free childcare, to encourage increased labor participation. The high cost of borrowing and small labor market remain potential constraints to future economic growth. Increasingly, other EU and European migrants are relocating to Malta for employment, though wages have remained low compared to other European countries. Inflation remains low.Malta’s free market economy – the smallest economy in the euro-zone – relies heavily on trade in both goods and services, principally with Europe. Malta produces less than a quarter of its food needs, has limited fresh water supplies, and has few domestic energy sources. Malta's economy is dependent on foreign trade, manufacturing, and tourism. Malta joined the EU in 2004 and adopted the euro on 1 January 2008.Malta has weathered the euro-zone crisis better than most EU member states due to a low debt-to-GDP ratio and financially sound banking sector. It maintains one of the lowest unemployment rates in Europe, and growth has fully recovered since the 2009 recession. In 2014 through 2016, Malta led the euro zone in growth, expanding more than 4.5% per year.Malta’s services sector continues to grow, with sustained growth in the financial services and online gaming sectors. Advantageous tax schemes remained attractive to foreign investors, though EU discussions of anti-tax avoidance measures have raised concerns among Malta’s financial services and insurance providers, as the measures could have a significant impact on those sectors. The tourism sector also continued to grow, with 2016 showing record-breaking numbers of both air and cruise passenger arrivals.Malta’s GDP growth remains strong and is supported by a strong labor market. The government has implemented new programs, including free childcare, to encourage increased labor participation. The high cost of borrowing and small labor market remain potential constraints to future economic growth. Increasingly, other EU and European migrants are relocating to Malta for employment, though wages have remained low compared to other European countries. Inflation remains low.
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): $20.6 billion (2020 est.)

$22.15 billion (2019 est.)

$20.99 billion (2018 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars
Real GDP growth rate: 4.94% (2019 est.)

5.17% (2018 est.)

8.03% (2017 est.)
Real GDP per capita: $39,200 (2020 est.)

$44,000 (2019 est.)

$43,300 (2018 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate): $14.986 billion (2019 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 1.6% (2019 est.)

1.1% (2018 est.)

1.3% (2017 est.)
Credit ratings: Fitch rating: A+ (2017)

Moody's rating: A2 (2019)

Standard & Poors rating: A- (2016)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 1.1% (2017 est.)

industry: 10.2% (2017 est.)

services: 88.7% (2017 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 45.2% (2017 est.)

government consumption: 15.3% (2017 est.)

investment in fixed capital: 21.1% (2017 est.)

investment in inventories: 0.3% (2017 est.)

exports of goods and services: 136.1% (2017 est.)

imports of goods and services: -117.9% (2017 est.)
Agricultural products: milk, tomatoes, potatoes, onions, cauliflowers, broccoli, eggplants, pork, cabbages, poultry
Industries: tourism, electronics, ship building and repair, construction, food and beverages, pharmaceuticals, footwear, clothing, tobacco, aviation services, financial services, information technology services
Industrial production growth rate: -3.3% (2016 est.)
Labor force: 223,000 (2019 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 1.6%

industry: 20.7%

services: 77.7% (2016 est.)
Unemployment rate: 0.78% (2019 est.)

0.89% (2018 est.)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 10.7%

male: 13.1%

female: 8% (2020 est.)
Population below poverty line: 17.1% (2018 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: 29.2 (2017 est.)

27.7 (2014)
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: NA

highest 10%: NA
Budget: revenues: 5.076 billion (2017 est.)

expenditures: 4.583 billion (2017 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): 3.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Public debt: 50.7% of GDP (2017 est.)

56.3% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: Malta reports public debt at nominal value outstanding at the end of the year, according to guidelines set out in the Maastricht Treaty for general government gross debt; the data include the following categories of government liabilities (as defined in ESA95): currency and deposits (AF.2), securities other than shares excluding financial derivatives (AF.3, excluding AF.34), and loans (AF.4); general government comprises the central, state, and local governments, and social security funds
Taxes and other revenues: 40.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Current account balance: $1.561 billion (2019 est.)

$1.55 billion (2018 est.)
Exports: $19.04 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)

$20.76 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)

$20.19 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)
Exports - partners: Germany 12%, France 9%, Italy 9% (2019)
Exports - commodities: integrated circuits, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, children's toys and stuffed animals, postage stamps  (2019)
Imports: $18.01 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)

$18.45 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)

$17.87 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)
Imports - partners: Russia 22%, Italy 12%, United Kingdom 11%, Germany 6%, Turkey 5%, France 5%, China 5%, South Korea 5% (2019)
Imports - commodities: refined petroleum, recreational boats, ships, aircraft, coal tar oil (2019)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $833 million (31 December 2017 est.)

$677.1 million (31 December 2016 est.)
Debt - external: $98.179 billion (2019 est.)

$104.467 billion (2018 est.)
Exchange rates: euros (EUR) per US dollar -

0.82771 (2020 est.)

0.90338 (2019 est.)

0.87789 (2018 est.)

0.885 (2014 est.)

0.7634 (2013 est.)

Topic: Energy
Electricity access: electrification - total population: 100% (2020)
Electricity - production: 813 million kWh (2016 est.)
Electricity - consumption: 2.122 billion kWh (2016 est.)
Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2016 est.)
Electricity - imports: 1.525 billion kWh (2016 est.)
Electricity - installed generating capacity: 575,100 kW (2016 est.)
Electricity - from fossil fuels: 81% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)
Electricity - from nuclear fuels: 0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants: 0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Electricity - from other renewable sources: 19% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Crude oil - production: 0 bbl/day (2018 est.)
Crude oil - exports: 0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Crude oil - imports: 0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Crude oil - proved reserves: 0 bbl (1 January 2018 est.)
Refined petroleum products - production: 0 bbl/day (2017 est.)
Refined petroleum products - consumption: 45,000 bbl/day (2016 est.)
Refined petroleum products - exports: 10,400 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Refined petroleum products - imports: 52,290 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Natural gas - production: 0 cu m (2017 est.)
Natural gas - consumption: 283.2 million cu m (2017 est.)
Natural gas - exports: 0 cu m (2017 est.)
Natural gas - imports: 311.5 million cu m (2017 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves: 0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)

Topic: Communications
Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions: 256,838

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 59 (2020 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions: 634,386

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 143 (2020 est.)
Telecommunication systems: general assessment: blessed with advantageous topography and tech-savvy consumers, Malta has one of the most advanced telecom systems in Europe, with high penetration of mobile and broadband; expansion of e-commerce; government and regulator measures in 2020 reduced consumer prices and allowed extensive FttP network and investment in LTE and fiber thru 2023; operator delivered fiber network to public schools in 2020; launch of 5G network by 2020; submarine cable to France and Egypt in progress (2020)

domestic: fixed-line approximately 59 per 100  persons and mobile-cellular subscribership 143 per 100 persons; automatic system featuring submarine cable and microwave radio relay between islands (2020)

international: country code - 356; landing points for the Malta-Gozo Cable, VMSCS, GO-1 Mediterranean Cable System, Malta Italy Interconnector, Melita-1, and the Italy-Malta submarine cable connections to Italy; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)

note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
Broadcast media: 2 publicly owned TV stations, Television Malta broadcasting nationally plus an educational channel; several privately owned national television stations, 2 of which are owned by political parties; Italian and British broadcast programs are available; multi-channel cable and satellite TV services are available; publicly owned radio broadcaster operates 3 stations; roughly 20 commercial radio stations (2019)
Internet country code: .mt
Internet users: total: 380,300 (2021 est.)

percent of population: 86.86% (2020 est.)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total: 213,419 (2021)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 48.33 (2021)

Topic: Transportation
National air transport system: number of registered air carriers: 13 (2020)

inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 180

annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 2,576,898 (2018)

annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 5.14 million mt-km (2018)
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: 9H
Airports: total: 1 (2021)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 1

over 3,047 m: 1 (2021)
Heliports: 2 (2021)
Roadways: total: 2,254 km (2001)

paved: 1,973 km (2001)

unpaved: 281 km (2001)

urban: 1,422 km (2001)

non-urban: 832 km (2001)
Merchant marine: total: 2,137

by type: bulk carrier 601, container ship 310, general cargo 218, oil tanker 412, other 596 (2021)
Ports and terminals: major seaport(s): Marsaxlokk (Malta Freeport), Valletta

container port(s) (TEUs): Marsaxlokk (2,722,889) (2019)

Topic: Military and Security
Military and security forces: Armed Forces of Malta (AFM, includes land, maritime, and air elements, plus a Volunteer Reserve Force) (2021)
Military expenditures: 0.5% of GDP (2021 est.)

0.6% of GDP (2020)

0.5% of GDP (approximately $110 million) (2019)

0.5% of GDP (approximately $110 million) (2018)

0.5% of GDP (approximately $110 million) (2017)
Military and security service personnel strengths: approximately 2,000 active duty personnel (2021)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions: the small inventory of the Armed Forces of Malta consists of equipment from a mix of European countries, particularly Italy, and the US (2021)
Military service age and obligation: 18-30 years of age for voluntary military service (men and women); no conscription (2021)
Military - note: Malta maintains a security policy of neutrality, but contributes to EU and UN military missions and joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace program in 1995 (suspended in 1996, but reactivated in 2008); it also participates in various bilateral and multinational military exercises; Malta cooperates closely with Italy on defense matters; in 1973, Italy established a military mission in Malta to provide advice, training, and search and rescue assistance  Malta maintains a security policy of neutrality, but contributes to EU and UN military missions and joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace program in 1995 (suspended in 1996, but reactivated in 2008); it also participates in various bilateral and multinational military exercises; Malta cooperates closely with Italy on defense matters; in 1973, Italy established a military mission in Malta to provide advice, training, and search and rescue assistance

Topic: Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: nonenone
Refugees and internally displaced persons: stateless persons: 11 (mid-year 2021)

note: 8,119 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals by sea (January 2015-December 2021)
Illicit drugs: minor transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Western Europe


US State Dept Travel Advisory: The US Department of State currently recommends US citizens Do not travel to Italy due to COVID-19. Exercise increased caution due to terrorism. Consult its website via the link below for updates to travel advisories and statements on safety, security, local laws and special circumstances in this country.

https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/traveladvisories/traveladvisories.html
Passport/Visa Requirements: US citizens should make sure their passport will not expire for at least 6 months after they enter the country even if they do not intend to stay that long. They should also make sure they have at least 1 blank page in their passport for any entry stamp that will be required. A visa is not required as long as you do not stay in the country more than 89 days.
US Embassy/Consulate: (+39) 06-4674-1; US Embassy Rome, via Vittorio Veneto 121, 00187 Roma, Italy; uscitizenrome@state.gov;

https://it.usembassy.gov/
Telephone Code: 39
Local Emergency Phone: Ambulance: 112, 118; Fire: 112, 115; Police: 112, 113;
Vaccinations: See WHO recommendations

http://www.who.int/
Climate: Predominantly Mediterranean; alpine in far north; hot, dry in south
Currency (Code): Euros (EUR)
Electricity/Voltage/Plug Type(s): 230 V / 50 Hz / plug types(s): C, F, L

Major Languages: Italian, German, French, Slovene
Major Religions: Christian 80.8% (overwhelmingly Roman Catholic with very small groups of Jehovah's Witnesses and Protestants), Muslim 4.9%
Time Difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time); daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March, ends last Sunday in October
Potable Water: Yes, but some opt for bottled water
International Driving Permit: Suggested
Road Driving Side: Right
Tourist Destinations: Rome (includes Colosseum, Trevi Fountain, Pantheon, Castel Sant’Angelo, Roman Forum); Venice Canals; Pompeii; Leaning Tower of Pisa; Lake Como; Florence (includes Ponte Vecchio, Cathedral, Uffizi Gallery); Sicily; Mount Vesuvius; Amalfi Coast; Hadrian's Villa; Milan (includes Cathedral, La Scala)
Major Sports: Soccer, basketball, rugby, cycling, water polo
Cultural Practices: Chrysanthemums are used at funerals, red flowers indicate secrecy, and yellow flowers indicate jealousy. All make poor gifts.
Tipping Guidelines: A service charge, ranging from 1-3 euros, is sometimes added to a restaurant bill, but you can round up for good service. Tip a bartender 1 euro for a round of drinks. Tipping in hotels is not required, but always appreciated. It is appropriate to tip a porter 5 euros, the concierge 1-2 euros (if they provided a service), and housekeeping between 75 cents to 1.5 euros per day. Round up taxi fares.Please visit the following links to find further information about your desired destination.

World Health Organization (WHO) - To learn what vaccines and health precautions to take while visiting your destination.

US State Dept Travel Information - Overall information about foreign travel for US citizens.

To obtain an international driving permit (IDP). Only two organizations in the US issue IDPs:
American Automobile Association (AAA) and American Automobile Touring Alliance (AATA)

How to get help in an emergency?
Contact the nearest US embassy or consulate, or call one of these numbers:
from the US or Canada - 1-888-407-4747 or from Overseas - +1 202-501-4444

Page last updated: Tuesday, March 22, 2022


US State Dept Travel Advisory: The US Department of State currently recommends US citizens DO NOT TRAVEL to Ireland due to COVID-19. Consult its website via the link below for updates to travel advisories and statements on safety, security, local laws and special circumstances in this country.

https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/traveladvisories/traveladvisories.html
Passport/Visa Requirements: US citizens should make sure their passport will not expire for at least 6 months after they enter the country even if they do not intend to stay that long. They should also make sure they have at least 1 blank page in their passport for any entry stamp that will be required. Passport must remain valid the entire length of the stay. A visa is not required.
US Embassy/Consulate: [353] (1) 668-8777; US Embassy in Dublin, 42 Elgin Road, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4, Ireland; ACSDublin@state.gov;

https://ie.usembassy.gov/
Telephone Code: 353
Local Emergency Phone: 112, 999
Vaccinations: See WHO recommendations

http://www.who.int/
Climate: Temperate maritime; modified by North Atlantic Current; mild winters, cool summers; consistently humid; overcast about half the time
Currency (Code): Euros (EUR)
Electricity/Voltage/Plug Type(s): 230 V / 50 Hz / plug types(s): G

Major Languages: English (the language generally used), Irish (Gaelic or Gaeilge)
Major Religions: Roman Catholic 78.3%, Church of Ireland 2.7%, other Christian 1.6%, Orthodox 1.3%, Muslim 1.3%
Time Difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time); daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March, ends last Sunday in October
Potable Water: Yes
International Driving Permit: Suggested
Road Driving Side: Left
Tourist Destinations: Cliffs of Moher; Dublin (includes Dublin Castle, Trinity College & Book of Kells, Grafton Street, Kilmainham Gaol); Killarney National Park & Muckross House & Gardens; Ring of Kerry; Kilkenny Castle; Blarney Castle; Bru na Boinne; Powerscourt Estate
Major Sports: Soccer, golf, rugby
Cultural Practices: Hands should remain visible while eating; try to not let your elbows rest on the table.
Tipping Guidelines: In restaurants, tip 10-15% of the bill if no service charge is included. Leave 1-2 euros at bars. Taxi drivers do not expect tips and many drivers often round down the bill, especially on longer fares, but you may round up the fare. Tip bellhops 1-2 euros per bag and leave housekeeping 1-2 euros per night.Please visit the following links to find further information about your desired destination.

World Health Organization (WHO) - To learn what vaccines and health precautions to take while visiting your destination.

US State Dept Travel Information - Overall information about foreign travel for US citizens.

To obtain an international driving permit (IDP). Only two organizations in the US issue IDPs:
American Automobile Association (AAA) and American Automobile Touring Alliance (AATA)

How to get help in an emergency?
Contact the nearest US embassy or consulate, or call one of these numbers:
from the US or Canada - 1-888-407-4747 or from Overseas - +1 202-501-4444

Page last updated: Tuesday, March 22, 2022


This entry gives the total number of fixed telephone lines in use, as well as the number of subscriptions per 100 inhabitants.

Topic: Afghanistantotal subscriptions: 134,636 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2019 est.)

Topic: Albaniatotal subscriptions: 223,469 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 7.77 (2020 est.)

Topic: Algeriatotal subscriptions: 4,784,306 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 10.91 (2020 est.)

Topic: American Samoatotal subscriptions: 10,000 (2018 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17.92 (2018 est.)

Topic: Andorratotal subscriptions: 39,657 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 51.41 (2019 est.)

Topic: Angolatotal subscriptions: 119,164 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020)

Topic: Anguillatotal subscriptions: 6,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 42.02 (2018 est.)

Topic: Antigua and Barbudatotal subscriptions: 24,000 (2018 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 25.15 (2018 est.)

Topic: Argentinatotal subscriptions: 7,356,165 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 16.28 (2020 est.)

Topic: Armeniatotal subscriptions: 427,539 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14.43 (2020 est.)

Topic: Arubatotal subscriptions: 35,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33.54 (2018 est.)

Topic: Australiatotal subscriptions: 6.2 million (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 24.31 (2020 est.)

Topic: Austriatotal subscriptions: 3,786,725 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 42.04 (2020 est.)

Topic: Azerbaijantotal subscriptions: 1,652,688 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 16.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bahamas, Thetotal subscriptions: 91,129 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 23.4 (2019 est.)

Topic: Bahraintotal subscriptions: 266,659 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 15.67 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bangladeshtotal subscriptions: 1,450,321 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Barbadostotal subscriptions: 128,043 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 44.61 (2019 est.)

Topic: Belarustotal subscriptions: 4,406,585 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 46.63 (2020 est.)

Topic: Belgiumtotal subscriptions: 3,634,639 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 31.36 (2020 est.)

Topic: Belizetotal subscriptions: 18,500 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4.74 (2019 est.)

Topic: Benintotal subscriptions: 32,386 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bermudatotal subscriptions: 21,883 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 34.71 (2018 est.)

Topic: Bhutantotal subscriptions: 22,987 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2.98 (2020 est.)

Topic: Boliviatotal subscriptions: 598,082 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 5.12 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bosnia and Herzegovinatotal subscriptions: 706,135 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 21.52 (2020 est.)

Topic: Botswanatotal subscriptions: 142,587 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 5.95 (2020 est.)

Topic: Braziltotal subscriptions: 30,653,813 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14.42 (2020 est.)

Topic: British Virgin Islandstotal subscriptions: 7,311 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 24.35 (2019 est.)

Topic: Bruneitotal subscriptions: 103,885 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 23.75 (2020 est.)

Topic: Bulgariatotal subscriptions: 872,323 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12.55 (2020 est.)

Topic: Burkina Fasototal subscriptions: 75,039 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Burmatotal subscriptions: 520,863 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2018 est.)

Topic: Burunditotal subscriptions: 18,300 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cabo Verdetotal subscriptions: 57,668 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 10.37 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cambodiatotal subscriptions: 56,445 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2019 est.)

Topic: Cameroontotal subscriptions: 883,015 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3.33 (2020 est.)

Topic: Canadatotal subscriptions: 13.926 million (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 36.9 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cayman Islandstotal subscriptions: 34,768 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 54.85 (2018 est.)

Topic: Central African Republictotal subscriptions: 2,193 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2018 est.)

Topic: Chadtotal subscriptions: 5,340 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Chiletotal subscriptions: 2,567,938 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13.43 (2020 est.)

Topic: Chinatotal subscriptions: 181.908 million (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12.64 (2020 est.)

Topic: Colombiatotal subscriptions: 7,248,026 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14.24 (2020 est.)

Topic: Comorostotal subscriptions: 7,573 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Congo, Democratic Republic of thetotal subscriptions: 0 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0 (2019 est.)

Topic: Congo, Republic of thetotal subscriptions: 17,000 (2018 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2018 est.)

Topic: Cook Islandstotal subscriptions: 6,576 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37.56 (2018 est.)

Topic: Costa Ricatotal subscriptions: 559,882 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 10.99 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cote d'Ivoiretotal subscriptions: 264,073 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Croatiatotal subscriptions: 1,300,105 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 31.67 (2020 est.)

Topic: Cubatotal subscriptions: 1,502,230 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13.26 (2020 est.)

Topic: Curacaototal subscriptions: 53,500 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 32.74 (2019 est.)

Topic: Cyprustotal subscriptions: 311,439 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 35.07 (2020 est.)

Topic: Czechiatotal subscriptions: 1,316,316 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12.29 (2020 est.)

Topic: Denmarktotal subscriptions: 937,469 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 16.19 (2020 est.)

Topic: Djiboutitotal subscriptions: 38,866 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3.93 (2020 est.)

Topic: Dominicatotal subscriptions: 2,660 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3.71 (2018 est.)

Topic: Dominican Republictotal subscriptions: 1,155,493 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 10.65 (2020 est.)

Topic: Ecuadortotal subscriptions: 2,063,044

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11.69 (2019 est.)

Topic: Egypttotal subscriptions: 9,858,331 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9.63 (2020 est.)

Topic: El Salvadortotal subscriptions: 893,630 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13.85 (2019 est.)

Topic: Equatorial Guineatotal subscriptions: 10,848 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2018 est.)

Topic: Eritreatotal subscriptions: 66,170 (2017)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.94 (2018 est.)

Topic: Estoniatotal subscriptions: 304,728 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 22.97 (2020 est.)

Topic: Eswatinitotal subscriptions: 41,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3.65 (2018 est.)

Topic: Ethiopiatotal subscriptions: 1.14 million (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.04 (2018 est.)

Topic: European Uniontotal subscriptions: 165,475,641

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 36.78 (2019 est.)

Topic: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)total subscriptions: 2,000 (2018 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 65.19 (2018 est.)

Topic: Faroe Islandstotal subscriptions: 15,341 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 31.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Fijitotal subscriptions: 76,522 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 8.66 (2018 est.)

Topic: Finlandtotal subscriptions: 225,000 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4.06 (2020 est.)

Topic: Francetotal subscriptions: 37.759 million (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 57.85 (2020 est.)

Topic: French Polynesiatotal subscriptions: 60,123 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 32.51 (2018 est.)

Topic: Gabontotal subscriptions: 25,428 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.14 (2020 est.)

Topic: Gambia, Thetotal subscriptions: 44,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.93 (2018 est.)

Topic: Gaza Striptotal subscriptions: 472,293 (includes the West Bank); (July 2016 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (includes the West Bank); (July 2016 est.)

Topic: Georgiatotal subscriptions: 378,498 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9.49 (2020 est.)

Topic: Germanytotal subscriptions: 38.3 million (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 45.71 (2020 est.)

Topic: Ghanatotal subscriptions: 307,668 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Gibraltartotal subscriptions: 16,968 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 50.35 (2019 est.)

Topic: Greecetotal subscriptions: 4,743,310 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 45.51 (2020 est.)

Topic: Greenlandtotal subscriptions: 7,133 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12.59 (2019 est.)

Topic: Grenadatotal subscriptions: 32,491 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 29.3 (2018 est.)

Topic: Guamtotal subscriptions: 68,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 42.01 (2018 est.)

Topic: Guatemalatotal subscriptions: 2,272,467 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12.68 (2020 est.)

Topic: Guernseytotal subscriptions: 33,940 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 54 (2020 est.)

Topic: Guineatotal subscriptions: 0 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0 (2018 est.)

Topic: Guinea-Bissautotal subscriptions: 0 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0 (2018 est.)

Topic: Guyanatotal subscriptions: 135,795 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17.52 (2018 est.)

Topic: Haititotal subscriptions: 5,952 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2019 est.)

Topic: Hondurastotal subscriptions: 531,763 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 5.37 (2020 est.)

Topic: Hong Kongtotal subscriptions: 3,934,129 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 52.48 (2020 est.)

Topic: Hungarytotal subscriptions: 2,970,347 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 30.75 (2020 est.)

Topic: Icelandtotal subscriptions: 107,032 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 31.37 (2020 est.)

Topic: Indiatotal subscriptions: 20,052,162 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.45 (2020 est.)

Topic: Indonesiatotal subscriptions: 9,186,370 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3.36 (2020 est.)

Topic: Irantotal subscriptions: 29,093,587 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 34.64 (2020 est.)

Topic: Iraqtotal subscriptions: 4,166,461 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 10.36 (2020 est.)

Topic: Irelandtotal subscriptions: 1,678,651 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 34 (2020 est.)

Topic: Israeltotal subscriptions: 3.08 million (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 35.58 (2020 est.)

Topic: Italytotal subscriptions: 19,430,559 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 32.14 (2020 est.)

Topic: Jamaicatotal subscriptions: 436,249 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14.73 (2020 est.)

Topic: Japantotal subscriptions: 62,252,837 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 49.22 (2020 est.)

Topic: Jerseytotal subscriptions: 48,310 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 45 (2020 est.)

Topic: Jordantotal subscriptions: 391,486 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3.84 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kazakhstantotal subscriptions: 2,616,500 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 16.55 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kenyatotal subscriptions: 66,646 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kiribatitotal subscriptions: 33 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Korea, Northtotal subscriptions: 1,183,806

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4.64 (2019 est.)

Topic: Korea, Southtotal subscriptions: 23,858,239 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 46.54 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kosovototal subscriptions: 117,317

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 6.11 (2019 est.)

Topic: Kuwaittotal subscriptions: 583,463 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13.66 (2020 est.)

Topic: Kyrgyzstantotal subscriptions: 298,855 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4.66 (2019 est.)

Topic: Laostotal subscriptions: 1,490,831 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 20.79 (2019 est.)

Topic: Latviatotal subscriptions: 211,849 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11.23 (2020 est.)

Topic: Lebanontotal subscriptions: 875,480 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12.83 (2020 est.)

Topic: Lesothototal subscriptions: 11,574 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Liberiatotal subscriptions: 8,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2018 est.)

Topic: Libyatotal subscriptions: 1.576 million (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 23.95 (2018 est.)

Topic: Liechtensteintotal subscriptions: 12,723 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33.37 (2020 est.)

Topic: Lithuaniatotal subscriptions: 322,108 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11.83 (2020 est.)

Topic: Luxembourgtotal subscriptions: 268,090 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 42.83 (2020 est.)

Topic: Macautotal subscriptions: 123,469 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 19.55 (2018 est.)

Topic: Madagascartotal subscriptions: 69,046 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2018 est.)

Topic: Malawitotal subscriptions: 12,465 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Malaysiatotal subscriptions: 7,467,900 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 23.07 (2020 est.)

Topic: Maldivestotal subscriptions: 14,508 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2.68 (2020 est.)

Topic: Malitotal subscriptions: 281,638 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.39 (2020 est.)

Topic: Maltatotal subscriptions: 256,838

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 59 (2020 est.)

Topic: Marshall Islandstotal subscriptions: 2,361 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4.13 (2018 est.)

Topic: Mauritaniatotal subscriptions: 62,099 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.34 (2020 est.)

Topic: Mauritiustotal subscriptions: 478,700 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37.64 (2020 est.)

Topic: Mexicototal subscriptions: 23,800,105 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18.46 (2020 est.)

Topic: Micronesia, Federated States oftotal subscriptions: 6,947 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 6.23 (2018 est.)

Topic: Moldovatotal subscriptions: 1,027,689 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 25.48 (2020 est.)

Topic: Monacototal subscriptions: 43,706 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 111.4 (2020 est.)

Topic: Mongoliatotal subscriptions: 160,153 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4.89 (2020 est.)

Topic: Montenegrototal subscriptions: 191,768 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 30.53 (2020 est.)

Topic: Montserrattotal subscriptions: 3,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 60.4 (2018 est.)

Topic: Moroccototal subscriptions: 2,357,286 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 6.39 (2020 est.)

Topic: Mozambiquetotal subscriptions: 80,791 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2019 est.)

Topic: Namibiatotal subscriptions: 141,334 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 5.56 (2020 est.)

Topic: Naurutotal subscriptions: 0 (2018 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0 (2018 est.)

Topic: Nepaltotal subscriptions: 799,368 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2.85 (2018 est.)

Topic: Netherlandstotal subscriptions: 4.937 million (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 28.81 (2020 est.)

Topic: New Caledoniatotal subscriptions: 77,719 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 28.67 (2018 est.)

Topic: New Zealandtotal subscriptions: 1.76 million (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37.11 (2018 est.)

Topic: Nicaraguatotal subscriptions: 210,981 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3.18 (2020 est.)

Topic: Nigertotal subscriptions: 114,352 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2018 est.)

Topic: Nigeriatotal subscriptions: 107,031 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Niuetotal subscriptions: 1,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 61.77 (2018)

Topic: North Macedoniatotal subscriptions: 400,454

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 19.22 (2019 est.)

Topic: Northern Mariana Islandstotal subscriptions: 22,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 39.44 (2018 est.)

Topic: Norwaytotal subscriptions: 348,808 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 6.43 (2020 est.)

Topic: Omantotal subscriptions: 594,550 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12.68 (2020 est.)

Topic: Pakistantotal subscriptions: 2,876,794 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.3 (2020 est.)

Topic: Palautotal subscriptions: 7,204 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 40.78 (2018 est.)

Topic: Panamatotal subscriptions: 616,698 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14.29 (2020 est.)

Topic: Papua New Guineatotal subscriptions: 158,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.87 (2018 est.)

Topic: Paraguaytotal subscriptions: 272,656 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3.87 (2019 est.)

Topic: Perutotal subscriptions: 3,082,040 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9.8 (2018 est.)

Topic: Philippinestotal subscriptions: 4,255,808 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3.94 (2019 est.)

Topic: Polandtotal subscriptions: 5,777,428 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 15.27 (2020 est.)

Topic: Portugaltotal subscriptions: 5,212,507 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 51.12 (2020 est.)

Topic: Puerto Ricototal subscriptions: 711,512 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 24.87 (2020 est.)

Topic: Qatartotal subscriptions: 454,701 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 15.78 (2020 est.)

Topic: Romaniatotal subscriptions: 3.025 million (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 15.72 (2020 est.)

Topic: Russiatotal subscriptions: 27,674,128 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18.97 (2019 est.)

Topic: Rwandatotal subscriptions: 11,671 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunhatotal subscriptions: 3,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 49.93 (2018 est.)

Topic: Saint Kitts and Nevistotal subscriptions: 17,293 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33.23 (2018 est.)

Topic: Saint Luciatotal subscriptions: 36,469 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 20.05 (2018 est.)

Topic: Saint Pierre and Miquelontotal subscriptions: 4,086

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 75.55 (2019 est.)

Topic: Saint Vincent and the Grenadinestotal subscriptions: 12,483 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11.25 (2020 est.)

Topic: Samoatotal subscriptions: 8,454 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4.33 (2018 est.)

Topic: San Marinototal subscriptions: 16,000 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47.25 (2019 est.)

Topic: Sao Tome and Principetotal subscriptions: 2,720 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.24 (2020 est.)

Topic: Saudi Arabiatotal subscriptions: 5,749,058 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 16.51 (2020 est.)

Topic: Senegaltotal subscriptions: 207,592 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.27 (2019 est.)

Topic: Serbiatotal subscriptions: 2,572,169 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37.43 (2020 est.)

Topic: Seychellestotal subscriptions: 18,882 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 19.2 (2020 est.)

Topic: Sierra Leonetotal subscriptions: 189 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0 (2020 est.)

Topic: Singaporetotal subscriptions: 1,891,600 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 32.33 (2020 est.)

Topic: Slovakiatotal subscriptions: 616,148 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11.29 (2020 est.)

Topic: Sloveniatotal subscriptions: 704,909 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33.91 (2020 est.)

Topic: Solomon Islandstotal subscriptions: 7,104 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.06 (2019 est.)

Topic: Somaliatotal subscriptions: 74,800 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0 (2018 est.)

Topic: South Africatotal subscriptions: 2,098,802 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3.54 (2020 est.)

Topic: South Sudantotal subscriptions: less than 1

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2018 est.)

Topic: Spaintotal subscriptions: 19,455,779 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 41.61 (2020 est.)

Topic: Sri Lankatotal subscriptions: 2,428,957 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11.34 (2020 est.)

Topic: Sudantotal subscriptions: 129,408 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Surinametotal subscriptions: 103,240 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17.6 (2020 est.)

Topic: Swedentotal subscriptions: 1,624,271 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 16.08 (2020 est.)

Topic: Switzerlandtotal subscriptions: 2.952 million (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 34.11 (2020 est.)

Topic: Syriatotal subscriptions: 2,892,515 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 16.53 (2020 est.)

Topic: Taiwantotal subscriptions: 12,750,429 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 53.54 (2020 est.)

Topic: Tajikistantotal subscriptions: 479,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 5.39 (2018 est.)

Topic: Tanzaniatotal subscriptions: 72,469 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Thailandtotal subscriptions: 5.003 million (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 7.17 (2020 est.)

Topic: Timor-Lestetotal subscriptions: 2,012 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Togototal subscriptions: 46,499 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Tokelautotal subscriptions: 0 (2018 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0 (2018 est.)

Topic: Tongatotal subscriptions: 6,637 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 6.35 (2019 est.)

Topic: Trinidad and Tobagototal subscriptions: 323,905 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 23.14 (2020 est.)

Topic: Tunisiatotal subscriptions: 1,533,273 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12.97 (2020 est.)

Topic: Turkeytotal subscriptions: 12,448,604 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14.76 (2020 est.)

Topic: Turkmenistantotal subscriptions: 682,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11.85 (2018 est.)

Topic: Turks and Caicos Islandstotal subscriptions: 4,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11.12 (2018 est.)

Topic: Tuvalutotal subscriptions: 2,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17.59 (2018 est.)

Topic: Ugandatotal subscriptions: 90,774 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Ukrainetotal subscriptions: 3,314,263 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 7.94 (2020 est.)

Topic: United Arab Emiratestotal subscriptions: 2,380,866 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 24.07 (2020 est.)

Topic: United Kingdomtotal subscriptions: 32.078 million (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47.25 (2020 est.)

Topic: United Statestotal subscriptions: 103.052 million (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 31.13 (2020 est.)

Topic: Uruguaytotal subscriptions: 1,165,373 (2019)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33.66 (2019 est.)

Topic: Uzbekistantotal subscriptions: 3,550,069 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 10.61 (2020 est.)

Topic: Vanuatutotal subscriptions: 3,472 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.13 (2020 est.)

Topic: Venezuelatotal subscriptions: 5,276,274 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18.55 (2020 est.)

Topic: Vietnamtotal subscriptions: 3,205,775 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3.29 (2020 est.)

Topic: Virgin Islandstotal subscriptions: 76,000 (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 72.41 (2017 est.)

Topic: Wallis and Futunatotal subscriptions: 3,132 (2017)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 25.38 (2018 est.)

Topic: West Banktotal subscriptions: 466,283 (includes Gaza Strip) (2017 est.) (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (includes Gaza Strip) (2016 est.) (2020 est.)

note: includes Gaza Strip

Topic: Worldtotal subscriptions: 917,318,375

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12 (2017 est.)

Topic: Yementotal subscriptions: 1.19 million (2018)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4.28 (2018 est.)

Topic: Zambiatotal subscriptions: 71,844 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2020 est.)

Topic: Zimbabwetotal subscriptions: 252,067 (2020)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1.7 (2020 est.)


This entry provides a rank ordering of trading partners starting with the most important; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.

Topic: AfghanistanUnited Arab Emirates 23%, Pakistan 17%, India 13%, China 9%, United States 9%, Uzbekistan 7%, Kazakhstan 6% (2019)

Topic: AlbaniaItaly 28%, Greece 12%, China 11%, Turkey 9%, Germany 5% (2019)

Topic: AlgeriaChina 18%, France 14%, Italy 8%, Spain 8%, Germany 5%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Topic: American SamoaFiji 10.7%, Singapore 10.4%, NZ 10.4%, South Korea 9.3%, Samoa 8.2%, Kenya 6.4%, Australia 5.2% (2017)

Topic: AndorraSpain 71%, France 17% (2019)

Topic: AngolaChina 22%, Portugal 15%, Nigeria 6%, Belgium 6%, United States 5%, South Africa 5%, Brazil 5% (2019)

Topic: Antigua and BarbudaUnited States 39%, Poland 16%, China 7% (2019)

Topic: ArgentinaBrazil 21%, China 18%, US 14%, Germany 6% (2019)

Topic: ArmeniaRussia 29%, China 10%, Georgia 8%, Iran 6%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Topic: ArubaUnited States 48%, Netherlands 16% (2019)

Topic: AustraliaChina 25%, United States 12%, Japan 7%, Germany 5%, Thailand 5% (2019)

Topic: AustriaGermany 39%, Italy 7%, Czechia 5% (2019)

Topic: AzerbaijanUnited Kingdom 17%, Russia 17%, Turkey 12%, China 6% (2019)

Topic: Bahamas, TheUnited States 31%, South Korea 29%, Japan 14% (2019)

Topic: BahrainUnited Arab Emirates 27%, China 11%, Saudi Arabia 7%, United States 5%, Brazil 5%, Japan 5%, India 5% (2019)

Topic: BangladeshChina 31%, India 15%, Singapore 5% (2019)

Topic: BarbadosUnited States 35%, Trinidad and Tobago 14%, China 9%, Netherlands 5% (2019)

Topic: BelarusRussia 57%, China 7%, Poland 5%, Germany 5%, Ukraine 5% (2019)

Topic: BelgiumNetherlands 16%, Germany 13%, France 10%, United States 8%, Ireland 5%, China 5% (2019)

Topic: BelizeUnited States 36%, China 13%, Mexico 12%, Guatemala 10% (2019)

Topic: BeninChina 28%, Thailand 9%, India 8%, Togo 6%, United States 5% (2019)

Topic: BermudaUnited States 44%, South Korea 17%, Germany 10%, Canada 8% (2019)

Topic: BhutanIndia 85%, Thailand 5% (2019)

Topic: BoliviaBrazil 22%, Chile 15%, China 13%, Peru 11%, Argentina 8%, United States 7% (2017)

Topic: Bosnia and HerzegovinaCroatia 15%, Serbia 13%, Germany 10%, Italy 9%, Slovenia 7%, China 6% (2019)

Topic: BotswanaSouth Africa 58%, Namibia 9%, Canada 7% (2019)

Topic: BrazilChina 21%, United States 18%, Germany 6%, Argentina 6% (2019)

Topic: British Virgin IslandsGermany 32%, United States 22%%, Italy 9%, France 7%, Seychelles 7% (2019)

Topic: BruneiSingapore 18%, China 14%, Malaysia 12%, Nigeria 5%, United Arab Emirates 5%, United States 5% (2019)

Topic: BulgariaGermany 11%, Russia 9%, Italy 7%, Romania 7%, Turkey 7% (2019)

Topic: Burkina FasoCote d'Ivoire 15%, China 9%, Ghana 8%, France 8%, India 6%, United States 5% (2019)

Topic: BurmaChina 43%, Thailand 15%, Singapore 12%, Indonesia 5% (2019)

Topic: BurundiChina 14%, Saudi Arabia 14%, India 9%, Kenya 7%, United Arab Emirates 7%, Tanzania 5%, Zambia 5% (2019)

Topic: Cabo VerdePortugal 36%, Netherlands 16%, Spain 11%, China 6% (2019)

Topic: CambodiaChina 27%, Thailand 25%, Vietnam 15%, Singapore 8% (2019)

Topic: CameroonChina 28%, Nigeria 15%, France 9%, Belgium 6% (2019)

Topic: CanadaUS 57%, China 11%, Mexico 5% (2019)

Topic: Cayman IslandsNetherlands 56%, United States 18%, Italy 8%, Switzerland 5% (2019)

Topic: Central African RepublicIndia 18%, France 12%, United States 11%, China 9%, Netherlands 7%, Belgium 7%, Malta 6% (2019)

Topic: ChadChina 29%, United Arab Emirates 16%, France 10%, United States 8%, India 5% (2019)

Topic: ChileChina 24%, United States 20%, Brazil 8%, Germany 5%, Argentina 5% (2019)

Topic: ChinaSouth Korea 9%, Japan 8%, Australia 7%, Germany 7%, US 7%, Taiwan 6% (2019)

Topic: Christmas IslandAustralia 80%, United States 7%, Canada 5% (2019)

Topic: Cocos (Keeling) IslandsAustralia 73%, United Arab Emirates 15%, Netherlands 5% (2019)

Topic: ColombiaUnited States 27%, China 20%, Mexico 7%, Brazil 6% (2019)

Topic: ComorosChina 22%, United Arab Emirates 16%, France 11%, Pakistan 9%, India 6% (2019)

Topic: Congo, Democratic Republic of theChina 29%, South Africa 15%, Zambia 12%, Rwanda 5%, Belgium 5%, India 5% (2019)

Topic: Congo, Republic of theChina 15%, France 12%, Belgium 6%, Angola 5% (2019)

Topic: Cook IslandsNew Zealand 41%, China 21%, Italy 12%, Fiji 10% (2019)

Topic: Costa RicaUnited States 41%, China 13%, Mexico 7% (2019)

Topic: Cote d'IvoireChina 18%, Nigeria 13%, France 11% (2019)

Topic: CroatiaItaly 14%, Germany 14%, Slovenia 11%, Hungary 7%, Austria 6% (2019)

Topic: CubaSpain 19%, China 15%, Italy 6%, Canada 5%, Russia 5%, United States 5%, Brazil 5% (2019)

Topic: CuracaoUnited States 35%, Netherlands 24%, China 5% (2019)

Topic: CyprusGreece 16%, Italy 10%, Turkey 8%, Russia 5%, Germany 5%, United Kingdom 5%, China 5% (2019)

Topic: CzechiaGermany 27%, China 12%, Poland 9%, Slovakia 5% (2019)

Topic: DenmarkGermany 21%, Sweden 11%, Netherlands 8%, China 7% (2019)

Topic: DjiboutiChina 43%, United Arab Emirates 15%, India 7%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Topic: DominicaUnited States 57%, Nigeria 11%, China 6%, Italy 5% (2019)

Topic: Dominican RepublicUnited States 50%, China 13% (2019)

Topic: EcuadorUnited States 22%, China 18%, Colombia 9%, Panama 5% (2019)

Topic: EgyptChina 15%, Russia 7%, United States 6%, Saudi Arabia 6%, Germany 5%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Topic: El SalvadorUnited States 30%, China 14%, Guatemala 13%, Mexico 8%, Honduras 6% (2019)

Topic: Equatorial GuineaUnited States 22%, Spain 19%, China 12%, United Kingdom 6%, United Arab Emirates 5% (2019)

Topic: EritreaUAE 14.5%, China 13.2%, Saudi Arabia 13.2%, Italy 12.9%, Turkey 5.6%, South Africa 4.6% (2017)

Topic: EstoniaRussia 12%, Germany 10%, Finland 9%, Lithuania 7%, Latvia 7%, Sweden 6%, Poland 6%, China 6% (2019)

Topic: EswatiniSouth Africa 81.6%, China 5.2% (2017)

Topic: EthiopiaChina 27%, India 9%, United Arab Emirates 9%, France 9%, United Kingdom 7% (2019)

Topic: European UnionChina 20.1%, United States 14.5%, Switzerland 7.1%, Russia 6.3% (2016 est.)

Topic: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)United Kingdom 79%, Netherlands 16% (2019)

Topic: Faroe IslandsDenmark 33%, China 10.7%, Germany 7.6%, Poland 6.8%, Norway 6.7%, Ireland 5%, Chile 4.3% (2017)

Topic: FijiSingapore 18%, Australia 13%, China 13.8%, New Zealand 11%, France 11%, South Korea 8% (2017)

Topic: FinlandGermany 16%, Sweden 14%, Russia 13%, China 6%, Netherlands 6% (2019)

Topic: FranceGermany 18%, Belgium 9%, Italy 9%, Spain 7%, China 7%, Netherlands 6%, United Kingdom 5% (2019)

Topic: French PolynesiaFrance 27.9%, South Korea 12.1%, US 10.1%, China 7.3%, NZ 6.7%, Singapore 4.2% (2017)

Topic: GabonFrance 22%, China 17%, Belgium 6%, United States 6%, United Arab Emirates 5% (2019)

Topic: Gambia, TheChina 33%, India 10%, Senegal 5%, Brazil 5% (2019)

Topic: GeorgiaTurkey 17%, China 11%, Russia 9%, Azerbaijan 6%, United States 6%, Germany 5% (2019)

Topic: GermanyNetherlands 9%, China 8%, France 7%, Belgium 6%, Poland 6%, Italy 6%, Czechia 5%, United States 5% (2019)

Topic: GhanaChina 24%, Nigeria 22%, United States 5% (2019)

Topic: GibraltarSpain 19%, US 12%, India 12%, Italy 12%, Netherlands 11%, United Kingdom 7%, Greece 6% (2019)

Topic: GreeceGermany 11%, China 9%, Italy 8%, Iraq 7%, Russia 6%, Netherlands 5% (2019)

Topic: GreenlandDenmark 51%, Spain 23%, Sweden 12%, Iceland 7% (2019)

Topic: GrenadaUnited States 35%, Canada 24%, China 5% (2019)

Topic: GuamSingapore 33%, Japan 21%, South Korea 18%, Hong Kong 9%, Malaysia 6% (2019)

Topic: GuatemalaUnited States 36%, China 12%, Mexico 11%, El Salvador 5% (2019)

Topic: GuineaChina 39%, India 8%, Netherlands 6%, Belgium 5%, United Arab Emirates 5% (2019)

Topic: Guinea-BissauPortugal 31%, Senegal 20%, China 10%, Netherlands 7%, Pakistan 7% (2019)

Topic: GuyanaUnited States 26%, Trinidad and Tobago 16%, Singapore 18%, Liberia 11%, China 5%, Norway 5% (2019)

Topic: HaitiUnited States 39%, China 22%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Topic: HondurasUnited States 42%, China 10%, Guatemala 8%, El Salvador 8%, Mexico 6% (2019)

Topic: Hong KongChina 46%, Taiwan 7%, Singapore 7%, South Korea 5%, United States 5%, Japan 5% (2019)

Topic: HungaryGermany 25%, China 6%, Poland 6%, Austria 6%, Czechia 5%, Slovakia 5%, Italy 5%, Netherlands 5% (2019)

Topic: IcelandNorway 11%, Netherlands 10%, Germany 8%, Denmark 8%, United States 7%, United Kingdom 6%, China 6%, Sweden 5% (2019)

Topic: IndiaChina 15%, United States 7%, United Arab Emirates 6%, Saudi Arabia 5% (2019)

Topic: IndonesiaChina 27%, Singapore 12%, Japan 8%, Thailand 5%, United States 5%, South Korea 5%, Malaysia 5% (2019)

Topic: IranChina 28%, United Arab Emirates 20%, India 11%, Turkey 7%, Brazil 6%, Germany 5% (2019)

Topic: IraqUnited Arab Emirates 28%, Turkey 21%, China 19% (2019)

Topic: IrelandUnited Kingdom 31%, United States 16%, Germany 10%, Netherlands 5%, France 5% (2019)

Topic: IsraelUnited States 12%, China 11%, Germany 7.5%, Switzerland 7%, Turkey 6% (2020)

Topic: ItalyGermany 16%, France 9%, China 7%, Spain 5%, Netherlands 5%, Belgium 5% (2019)

Topic: JamaicaUnited States 43%, China 11% (2019)

Topic: JapanChina 23%, United States 11%, Australia 6% (2019)

Topic: JordanChina 17%, Saudi Arabia 15%, United States 6%, United Arab Emirates 6%, Egypt 5%, India 5% (2019)

Topic: KazakhstanRussia 34%, China 24% (2019)

Topic: KenyaChina 24%, United Arab Emirates 10%, India 10%, Saudi Arabia 7%, Japan 5% (2019)

Topic: KiribatiChina 20%, Fiji 19%, Australia 12%, Taiwan 11%, South Korea 11%, New Zealand 7%, Japan 5% (2019)

Topic: Korea, NorthChina 96% (2019)

Topic: Korea, SouthChina 22%, United States 12%, Japan 9% (2019)

Topic: KosovoGermany 12.4%, Serbia 12.3%, Turkey 9.6%, China 9.1%, Italy 6.4%, North Macedonia 5.1%, Albania 5%, Greece 4.4% (2017)

Topic: KuwaitChina 14%, United Arab Emirates 12%, United States 10%, Saudi Arabia 6%, Japan 6%, Germany 5%, India 5% (2019)

Topic: KyrgyzstanChina 53%, Russia 17%, Kazakhstan 7%, Uzbekistan 7%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Topic: LaosThailand 53%, China 26%, Vietnam 10% (2019)

Topic: LatviaRussia 21%, Lithuania 14%, Germany 9%, Poland 7%, Estonia 7% (2019)

Topic: LebanonUnited Arab Emirates 11%, China 10%, Italy 8%, Greece 8%, Turkey 7%, United States 6% (2019)

Topic: LesothoSouth Africa 85%, China 5% (2019)

Topic: LiberiaChina 41%, Japan 21%, South Korea 18% (2019)

Topic: LibyaChina 16%, Turkey 14%, Italy 9%, United Arab Emirates 9%, Egypt 5% (2019)

Topic: LithuaniaPoland 12%, Russia 12%, Germany 12%, Latvia 7%, Netherlands 5% (2019)

Topic: LuxembourgBelgium 27%, Germany 24%, France 11%, Netherlands 5% (2019)

Topic: MacauChina 33%, Hong Kong 31%, France 5% (2019)

Topic: MadagascarChina 24%, France 11%, United Arab Emirates 9%, India 7%, South Africa 5% (2019)

Topic: MalawiSouth Africa 17%, China 16%, United Arab Emirates 9%, India 9%, United Kingdom 8% (2019)

Topic: MalaysiaChina 24%, Singapore 14%, Japan 6%, United States 6%, Taiwan 5%, Thailand 5% (2019)

Topic: MaldivesUnited Arab Emirates 24%, China 16%, Singapore 14%, India 11%, Malaysia 6%, Thailand 5% (2019)

Topic: MaliSenegal 23%, Cote d'Ivoire 15%, China 11%, France 9% (2019)

Topic: MaltaRussia 22%, Italy 12%, United Kingdom 11%, Germany 6%, Turkey 5%, France 5%, China 5%, South Korea 5% (2019)

Topic: Marshall IslandsSouth Korea 39%, China 27%, Japan 15% (2019)

Topic: MauritaniaChina 26%, France 6%, Spain 6%, Morocco 6%, United Arab Emirates 5% (2019)

Topic: MauritiusChina 15%, India 13%, France 10%, South Africa 8%, United Arab Emirates 7% (2019)

Topic: MexicoUnited States 54%, China 14% (2019)

Topic: Micronesia, Federated States ofUnited States 32%, China 16%, Japan 14%, Taiwan 9%, Philippines 6%, South Korea 6% (2019)

Topic: MoldovaRomania 20%, Russia 10%, Ukraine 9%, Germany 8%, China 7%, Turkey 6%, Italy 6% (2019)

Topic: MonacoItaly 34%, Switzerland 16%, Germany 9%, United Kingdom 7% (2019)

Topic: MongoliaChina 31%, Russia 29%, Japan 10%, South Korea 5% (2019)

Topic: MontenegroSerbia 30%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 8%, Croatia 8%, Italy 6%, Greece 6%, Germany 5% (2019)

Topic: MontserratUnited States 70%, United Kingdom 6% (2019)

Topic: MoroccoSpain 19%, France 11%, China 9%, United States 7%, Germany 5%, Turkey 5%, Italy 5% (2019)

Topic: MozambiqueSouth Africa 31%, India 18%, China 17% (2019)

Topic: NamibiaSouth Africa 47%, Zambia 16% (2019)

Topic: NauruTaiwan 52%, Australia 28% (2019)

Topic: NepalIndia 70%, China 15% (2019)

Topic: NetherlandsGermany 15%, China 11%, Belgium 9%, United States 8%, Russia 7%, United Kingdom 5% (2019)

Topic: New CaledoniaFrance 43%, Australia 12%, Singapore 12%, China 6% (2019)

Topic: New ZealandChina 18%, Australia 15%, United States 9%, Japan 6%, Germany 5% (2019)

Topic: NicaraguaUnited States 27%, Mexico 12%, China 11%, Guatemala 9%, Costa Rica 7%, El Salvador 6%, Honduras 6% (2019)

Topic: NigerChina 19%, France 9%, United Arab Emirates 7%, Cote d'Ivoire 6%, India 6%, Nigeria 5%, Togo 5%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Topic: NigeriaChina 30%, Netherlands 11%, United States 6%, Belgium 5% (2019)

Topic: NiueNew Zealand 43%, United Kingdom 30%, Japan 22% (2019)

Topic: Norfolk IslandNew Zealand 23%, Australia 19%, Philippines 19%, Singapore 14%, Fiji 11% (2019)

Topic: North MacedoniaUnited Kingdom 14%, Germany 14%, Greece 8%, Serbia 8% (2019)

Topic: Northern Mariana IslandsHong Kong 29%, Japan 29%, Singapore 16%, South Korea 9% (2019)

Topic: NorwaySweden 17%, Germany 12%, China 8%, Denmark 7%, United States 6%, United Kingdom 5%, Netherlands 5% (2019)

Topic: OmanUnited Arab Emirates 36%, China 10%, Japan 7%, India 7%, United States 5% (2019)

Topic: PakistanChina 28%, United Arab Emirates 11%, United States 5% (2019)

Topic: PalauSouth Korea 19%, China 18%, Taiwan 17%, United States 17%, Japan 16% (2019)

Topic: PanamaChina 21%, United States 19%, Japan 16%, Colombia 6%, Ecuador 5% (2019)

Topic: Papua New GuineaAustralia 33%, China 19%, Singapore 14%, Malaysia 9% (2019)

Topic: ParaguayBrazil 24%, United States 22%, China 17%, Argentina 10%, Chile 5% (2019)

Topic: PeruChina 24%, United States 22%, Brazil 6% (2019)

Topic: PhilippinesChina 29%, Japan 8%, South Korea 7%, United States 6%, Singapore 6%, Indonesia 6%, Thailand 5%, Taiwan 5% (2019)

Topic: Pitcairn IslandsEcuador 43%, New Zealand 29% (2019)

Topic: PolandGermany 25%, China 10%, Italy 5%, Netherlands 5% (2019)

Topic: PortugalSpain 29%, Germany 13%, France 9%, Italy 5%, Netherlands 5% (2019)

Topic: Puerto RicoIreland 38%, Singapore 9%, Switzerland 8%, South Korea 5% (2019)

Topic: QatarUnited States 15%, France 13%, United Kingdom 9%, China 9%, Germany 5%, Italy 5% (2019)

Topic: RomaniaGermany 19%, Italy 9%, Hungary 7%, Poland 6%, China 5%, France 5% (2019)

Topic: RussiaChina 20%, Germany 13%, Belarus 6% (2019)

Topic: RwandaChina 17%, Kenya 10%, Tanzania 9%, United Arab Emirates 9%, India 7%, Saudi Arabia 5% (2019)

Topic: Saint BarthelemyFrance 78%, Switzerland 7%, Italy 7% (2019)

Topic: Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da CunhaUnited Kingdom 65%, South Africa 21% (2019)

Topic: Saint Kitts and NevisUnited States 59%, Peru 6%, Germany 5% (2019)

Topic: Saint LuciaColombia 46%, United States 30%, Trinidad and Tobago 5% (2019)

Topic: Saint MartinUnited States 76%, Netherlands 7%, France 7% (2019)

Topic: Saint Pierre and MiquelonFrance 69%, Canada 22% (2019)

Topic: Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesUnited States 30%, Trinidad and Tobago 12%, China 8%, United Kingdom 6% (2019)

Topic: SamoaNew Zealand 22%, China 16%, Singapore 13%, United States 10%, Australia 9%, South Korea 8%, Fiji 5% (2019)

Topic: San MarinoGermany 21%, Italy 13%, Poland 10%, France 7%, Spain 7%, Belgium 6%, Romania 6% (2019)

Topic: Sao Tome and PrincipePortugal 41%, Angola 17%, China 8% (2019 )

Topic: Saudi ArabiaChina 18%, United Arab Emirates 12%, United States 9%, Germany 5% (2019)

Topic: SenegalChina 17%, France 11%, Belgium 7%, Russia 7%, Netherlands 7% (2019)

Topic: SerbiaGermany 13%, Russia 9%, Italy 8%, Hungary 6%, China 5%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Topic: SeychellesUnited Arab Emirates 21%, Qatar 13%, British Virgin Islands 7%, Germany 6%, France 6%, China 5%, Spain 5%, South Africa 5% (2019)

Topic: Sierra LeoneChina 27%, India 11%, United States 6%, Ghana 5%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Topic: SingaporeChina 16%, Malaysia 11%, United States 9%, Taiwan 7%, Japan 5%, Indonesia 5% (2019)

Topic: SlovakiaGermany 18%, Czechia 18%, Poland 8%, Hungary 7%, Russia 5% (2019)

Topic: SloveniaGermany 14%, Italy 12%, Austria 8%, Switzerland 8%, China 7% (2019)

Topic: Solomon IslandsChina 24%, Australia 13%, South Korea 12%, Singapore 12%, Malaysia 10% (2019)

Topic: SomaliaUnited Arab Emirates 32%, China 20%, India 17%, Turkey 7% (2019)

Topic: South AfricaChina 18%, Germany 11%, United States 6%, India 5% (2019)

Topic: South SudanUnited Arab Emirates 37%, Kenya 18%, China 18% (2019)

Topic: SpainGermany 13%, France 11%, China 8%, Italy 7% (2019)

Topic: Sri LankaIndia 24%, China 23%, Singapore 7%, United Arab Emirates 6%, Malaysia 5% (2019)

Topic: SudanChina 31%, India 14%, United Arab Emirates 11%, Egypt 6% (2019)

Topic: SurinameUnited States 22%, Netherlands 14%, China 13%, Trinidad and Tobago 7%, Antigua and Barbuda 5% (2019)

Topic: SwedenGermany 18%, Netherlands 9%, Denmark 7%, Norway 7%, China 6%, Finland 5%, Belgium 5%, Poland 5% (2019)

Topic: SwitzerlandGermany 21%, Italy 8%, United States 6%, France 6%, United Kingdom 5%, United Arab Emirates 5% (2019)

Topic: SyriaTurkey 27%, China 22%, United Arab Emirates 14%, Egypt 5% (2019)

Topic: TaiwanChina 21%, Japan 16%, United States 11%, South Korea 6% (2019)

Topic: TajikistanChina 40%, Russia 38%, Kazakhstan 19%, Uzbekistan 5% (2019)

Topic: TanzaniaChina 34%, India 15%, United Arab Emirates 12% (2019)

Topic: ThailandChina 22%, Japan 14%, United States 7%, Malaysia 6% (2019)

Topic: Timor-LesteIndonesia 39%, China 27%, Singapore 10%, Malaysia 5% (2019)

Topic: TogoChina 18%, South Korea 13%, India 11%, Belgium 10%, Netherlands 8%, United States 5% (2019)

Topic: TokelauSamoa 35%, Ireland 17%, Philippines 14%, Malaysia 13%, South Africa 9% (2019)

Topic: TongaFiji 29%, New Zealand 23%, China 14%, United States 8%, Australia 6%, Japan 6% (2019)

Topic: Trinidad and TobagoUnited States 40%, Guyana 19%, China 6% (2019)

Topic: TunisiaFrance 17%, Italy 16%, Germany 8%, China 8%, Algeria 7% (2019)

Topic: TurkeyGermany 11%, China 9%, Russia 9%, United States 5%, Italy 5% (2019)

Topic: TurkmenistanTurkey 25%, Russia 18%, China 14%, Germany 6% (2019)

Topic: Turks and Caicos IslandsUnited States 76% (2019)

Topic: TuvaluChina 32%, Japan 29%, Fiji 23%, New Zealand 6% (2019)

Topic: UgandaChina 19%, India 17%, Kenya 16%, United Arab Emirates 7%, Japan 5% (2019)

Topic: UkraineChina 13%, Russia 12%, Germany 10%, Poland 9%, Belarus 7% (2019)

Topic: United Arab EmiratesChina 15%, India 12%, Untied States 7% (2019)

Topic: United KingdomGermany 13%, China 10%, United States 8%, Netherlands 7%, France 6%, Belgium 5% (2019)

Topic: United StatesChina 18%, Mexico 15%, Canada 13%, Japan 6%, Germany 5% (2019)

Topic: UruguayBrazil 25%, China 15%, United States 11%, Argentina 11% (2019)

Topic: UzbekistanChina 23%, Russia 18%, South Korea 11%, Kazakhstan 9%, Turkey 6%, Germany 5% (2019)

Topic: VanuatuChina 29%, Australia 18%, New Zealand 11%, Fiji 11%, Taiwan 5%, Thailand 5% (2019)

Topic: VenezuelaChina 28%, United States 22%, Brazil 8%, Spain 6%, Mexico 6%  (2019)

Topic: VietnamChina 35%, South Korea 18%, Japan 6% (2019)

Topic: Virgin IslandsIndia 18%, Algeria 14%, South Korea 9%, Argentina 9%, Sweden 7%, Brazil 5% (2019)

Topic: Wallis and FutunaFrance 43%, Fiji 24%, New Zealand 11%, Australia 6% (2019)

Topic: YemenChina 25%, Turkey 10%, United Arab Emirates 9%, Saudi Arabia 8%, India 7% (2019)

Topic: ZambiaSouth Africa 29%, China 14%, United Arab Emirates 12%, India 5% (2019)

Topic: ZimbabweSouth Africa 41%, Singapore 23%, China 8% (2019)