CELEX ID: 32015D1875

--- ENGLISH ---

Document:
20.10.2015
EN
Official Journal of the European Union
L 275/38
COUNCIL IMPLEMENTING DECISION (EU) 2015/1875
of 8 October 2015
on subjecting 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide (AH-7921), 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone (methoxetamine) to control measures
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Having regard to Council Decision 2005/387/JHA of 10 May 2005 on the information exchange, risk-assessment and control of new psychoactive substances 
(
1
)
, and in particular Article 8(3) thereof,
Having regard to the proposal of the European Commission,
Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament,
Whereas:
(1)
Risk Assessment Reports on the new psychoactive substances 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide (AH-7921), 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone (methoxetamine) were drawn up in accordance with Decision 2005/387/JHA by a special session of the extended Scientific Committee of the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), and were subsequently submitted to the Commission and to the Council on 23 April 2014.
(2)
25I-NBOMe, AH-7921, MDPV and methoxetamine had not been under assessment at the United Nations' level by the time the risk assessment was requested at Union level, but they were evaluated in June 2014 by the Expert Committee on Drug Dependence of the World Health Organization.
(3)
25I-NBOMe, AH-7921, MDPV and methoxetamine have no established or acknowledged human or veterinary medical use. Apart from their use in analytical reference materials, in scientific research investigating their chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology as a result of their emergence on the drug market and, in the case of 25I-NBOMe, also in the field of neurochemistry, there is no indication that they are being used for other purposes.
(4)
25I-NBOMe is a potent synthetic derivative of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenethylamine (2C-I), a classical serotonergic hallucinogen, which was subject to risk assessment and to control measures and criminal sanctions at Union level from 2003 by virtue of Council Decision 2003/847/JHA 
(
2
)
.
(5)
The specific physical effects of 25I-NBOMe are difficult to determine because there are no published studies assessing its acute and chronic toxicity, its psychological and behavioural effects, and dependence potential, and because of the limited information and data available. Clinical observations of individuals who have used this substance suggest that it has hallucinogenic effects and has the potential for inducing severe agitation, confusion, intense auditory and visual hallucinations, aggression, violent accidents and self-induced trauma.
(6)
There have been four deaths associated with 25I-NBOMe registered in three Member States. Severe toxicity associated with its use has been reported in four Member States, which notified 32 non-fatal intoxications. If this new psychoactive substance were to become more widely available and used, the implications for individual and public health could be significant. There is no information available on the social risks associated with 25I-NBOMe.
(7)
Twenty-two Member States and Norway have reported to the EMCDDA and to the European Police Office (Europol) that they reported detection of 25I-NBOMe. No prevalence data is available on the use of 25I-NBOMe, but the limited information that exists suggests that it may be consumed in a wide range of settings, such as at home, in bars, in nightclubs and at music festivals.
(8)
25I-NBOMe is openly marketed and sold on the internet as a ‘research chemical’ and information obtained from seizures, collected samples, user websites and internet retailers suggests that it is being sold as a drug in its own right and also marketed as a ‘legal’ replacement for LSD. The EMCDDA identified more than 15 internet retailers selling this substance, who may be based within the Union and China.
(9)
The Risk Assessment Report reveals that there is limited scientific evidence available on 25I-NBOMe and points out that further research would be needed to determine the health and social risks that it poses. However, the available evidence and information provides sufficient ground for subjecting 25I-NBOMe to control measures across the Union. As a result of the health risks that it poses, as documented by its detection in several reported fatalities, of the fact that users may unknowingly consume it and of the lack of medical value or use of the substance, 25I-NBOMe should be subjected to control measures across the Union.
(10)
Given that six Member States control 25I-NBOMe under national legislation complying with the obligations of the 1971 United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances, and that seven Member States use other legislative measures to control it, subjecting this substance to control measures across the Union would help avoid the emergence of obstacles in cross-border law enforcement and judicial cooperation, and would help protect against the risks that its availability and use can pose.
(11)
AH-7921 is a structurally atypical synthetic opioid analgesic commonly known by internet suppliers, user websites and media as ‘doxylam’. It can be easily confused with ‘doxylamine’, an antihistaminic medicine with sedative-hypnotic properties, which could lead to unintentional overdoses.
(12)
The specific physical effects of AH-7921 are difficult to determine because there are no published studies assessing its acute and chronic toxicity, its psychological, behavioural effects, and dependence potential, as well as the limited information and data available. Based on user reports, the effects of AH-7921 appear to resemble those of classical opioids with the feeling of mild euphoria, itchiness and relaxation. Nausea appears to be a typical adverse effect. In addition to self-experimentation with AH-7921, as well as ‘recreational use’, some of the users report self-medicating with this new drug to relieve pain, others to alleviate withdrawal symptoms due to the cessation of the use of other opioids. This may indicate a potential of AH-7921 to spread among the injecting opioid population.
(13)
There is no prevalence data on the use of AH-7921, but the information available suggests that it is not widely used, and that when it is used, that use is in the home environment.
(14)
15 fatalities were recorded in three Member States between December 2012 and September 2013 where AH-7921, alone or in combination with other substances, was detected in post-mortem samples. While it is not possible to determine with certainty the role of AH-7921 in all of those fatalities, in some cases it has been specifically noted in the cause of death. One Member State reported six non-fatal intoxications associated with AH-7921. If this new psychoactive substance were to become more widely available and used, the implications for individual and public health could be significant. There is no information available on the social risks associated with AH-7921.
(15)
The Risk Assessment Report reveals that there is limited scientific evidence available on AH-7921 and points out that further research would be needed to determine the health and social risks that it poses. However, the available evidence and information provides sufficient ground for subjecting AH-7921 to control measures across the Union. As a result of the health risks that it poses, as documented by its detection in several reported fatalities, of the fact that users may unknowingly consume it, and of the lack of medical value or use of the substance, AH-7921 should be subjected to control measures across the Union.
(16)
Given that one Member State controls AH-7921 under national legislation complying with the obligations of the 1971 United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances, and that five Member States use other legislative measures to control it, subjecting this substance to control measures across the Union would help avoid the emergence of obstacles in cross-border law enforcement and judicial cooperation, and would help protect against the risks that its availability and use can pose.
(17)
MDPV is a ring-substituted synthetic derivative of cathinone chemically related to pyrovalerone, which are both subject to control under the 1971 United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances.
(18)
Information on the chronic and acute toxicity associated with MDPV, as well as on psychological and behavioural effects, and on dependence potential, is not collected uniformly across the Union. Information from published studies, confirmed by clinical cases, suggests that the psychopharmacological profile observed for MDPV is similar to that for cocaine and methamphetamine, albeit more potent and longer lasting. Furthermore, MDPV was found to be ten times more potent in its ability to induce locomotor activation, tachycardia and hypertension.
(19)
Users' websites indicate that its acute toxicity can provoke adverse effects on humans, similar to those associated with other stimulants. These include paranoid psychosis, tachycardia, hypertension, diaphoresis, breathing problems, severe agitation, auditory and visual hallucinations, profound anxiety, hyperthermia, violent outbursts and multiple organ dysfunctions.
(20)
108 fatalities were registered in eight Member States and Norway between September 2009 and August 2013, where MDPV has been detected in post-mortem biological samples or implicated in the cause of death. A total of 525 non-fatal intoxications associated with MDPV have been reported by eight Member States. If this new psychoactive substance were to become more widely available and used, the implications for individual and public health could be significant.
(21)
The detection of MDPV has also been reported in biological samples related to fatal and non-fatal road traffic accidents, or driving under the influence of drugs, in four Member States since 2009.
(22)
MDPV has been present on the Union drug market since November 2008, and 27 Member States, Norway and Turkey have reported multi-kilogram seizures of the substance. MDPV is being sold as a substance in its own right, but it has also been detected in combination with other substances. It is widely available from internet suppliers and retailers, ‘head shops’ and street-level dealers. There are some indications that suggest a degree of organisation in the tableting and distribution of this substance in the Union.
(23)
The Risk Assessment Report reveals that further research would be needed to determine the health and social risks posed by MDPV. However, the available evidence and information provides sufficient ground for subjecting MDPV to control measures across the Union. As a result of the health risks that it poses, as documented by its detection in several reported fatalities, of the fact that users may unknowingly consume it, and of the lack of medical value or use of the substance, MDPV should be subjected to control measures across the Union.
(24)
Given that 21 Member States control MDPV under national legislation complying with the obligations of the 1971 United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances, and that four Member States use other legislative measures to control it, subjecting this substance to control measures across the Union would help avoid the emergence of obstacles in cross-border law enforcement and judicial cooperation, and would protect against the risks that its availability and use can pose.
(25)
Methoxetamine is an arylcyclohexylamine substance which is chemically similar to ketamine and the internationally-controlled substance phencyclidine (PCP). Like ketamine and PCP, it has dissociative properties.
(26)
There are no studies assessing the chronic and acute toxicity associated with methoxetamine, as well as its psychological and behavioural effects and dependence potential. Self-reported experiences from user websites suggest adverse effects similar to ketamine intoxication. These include nausea and severe vomiting, difficulty in breathing, seizures, disorientation, anxiety, catatonia, aggression, hallucination, paranoia and psychosis. In addition, acute methoxetamine intoxications may include stimulant effects (agitation, tachycardia and hypertension) and cerebral features, which are not expectable with acute ketamine intoxication.
(27)
Twenty deaths associated with methoxetamine have been reported by six Member States that detected the substance in post-mortem samples. Used alone or in combination with other substances, methoxetamine was detected in 20 non-fatal intoxications reported by five Member States. If this new psychoactive substance were to become more widely available and used, the implications for individual and public health could be significant.
(28)
Twenty-three Member States, Turkey and Norway have reported that they reported detection of methoxetamine, since November 2010. Information suggests that it is sold and used as a substance in its own right, and that it is also sold as a ‘legal’ replacement for ketamine by internet retailers, ‘head shops’ and street-level drug dealers.
(29)
Multi-kilogram quantities in powder form have been seized within the Union, but there is no information on the possible involvement of organised crime. The manufacture of methoxetamine does not require sophisticated equipment.
(30)
Prevalence data are limited to non-representative studies in two Member States. Those studies suggest that the prevalence of the use of methoxetamine is lower than that of ketamine. The available information suggests that it may be consumed in a wide range of settings, including at home, in bars, in nightclubs and at music festivals.
(31)
The Risk Assessment Report reveals that further research would be needed to determine the health and social risks posed by methoxetamine. However, the available evidence and information provides sufficient grounds for subjecting methoxetamine to control measures across the Union. As a result of the health risks that it poses, as documented by its detection in several reported fatalities, of the fact that users may unknowingly consume it, and of the lack of medical value or use, methoxetamine should be subjected to control measures across the Union.
(32)
Given that nine Member States control methoxetamine under national legislation complying with the obligations of the 1971 United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances and nine Member States use other legislative measures to control it, subjecting this substance to control measures across the Union would help avoid the emergence of obstacles in cross-border law enforcement and judicial cooperation, and would protect against the risks that its availability and use can pose.
(33)
Decision 2005/387/JHA confers upon the Council implementing powers with a view to giving a quick and expertise-based response at Union level to the emergence of new psychoactive substances detected and reported by the Member States, by subjecting those substances to control measures across the Union. As the conditions and procedure for triggering the exercise of such implementing powers have been met, an implementing decision should be adopted in order to put 25I-NBOMe, AH-7921, MDPV and methoxetamine under control across the Union.
(34)
In its judgment of 16 April 2015 in Joined Cases C-317/13 and C-679/13 
(
3
)
, the Court of Justice of the European Union held that prior to adopting an implementing decision on the basis of Article 8(3) of Decision 2005/387/JHA, the Council should consult the European Parliament. Council Implementing Decision 2014/688/EU 
(
4
)
 was adopted without such prior consultation and consequently is vitiated by a procedural defect. Decision 2014/688/EU should, therefore, be replaced by this Decision.
(35)
In order to ensure the continuity of control measures across the Union, as well as of the compliance with the obligations of the Member States under the 1971 United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances and under the 1961 United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs with regard to 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide (AH-7921), 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone (methoxetamine), this Decision should be without prejudice to the obligations of the Member States relating to the time limit for subjecting those new psychoactive substances to control measures and criminal penalties in their national laws, as set out in Article 2 of Decision 2014/688/EU.
(36)
Denmark is bound by Decision 2005/387/JHA and is therefore taking part in the adoption and application of this Decision which implements Decision 2005/387/JHA.
(37)
Ireland is bound by Decision 2005/387/JHA and is therefore taking part in the adoption and application of this Decision which implements Decision 2005/387/JHA.
(38)
The United Kingdom is not bound by Decision 2005/387/JHA and is therefore not taking part in the adoption of this Decision which implements Decision 2005/387/JHA and is not bound by it or subject to its application,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:
Article 1
The following new psychoactive substances shall be subjected to control measures across the Union:
(a)
4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine (25I-NBOMe);
(b)
3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide (AH-7921);
(c)
3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV);
(d)
2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone (methoxetamine).
Article 2
Decision 2014/688/EU is replaced, without prejudice to the obligations of the Member States relating to the time limit for subjecting 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide (AH-7921), 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone (methoxetamine) to control measures and criminal penalties in their national laws, as set out in Article 2 of Decision 2014/688/EU.
Article 3
This Decision shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the 
Official Journal of the European Union
.
This Decision shall apply in accordance with the Treaties.
Done at Luxembourg, 8 October 2015.
For the Council
The President
J. ASSELBORN
(
1
)
  
            
OJ L 127, 20.5.2005, p. 32
.
(
2
)
  Council Decision 2003/847/JHA of 27 November 2003 concerning control measures and criminal sanctions in respect of the new synthetic drugs 2C-I, 2C-T-2, 2C-T-7 and TMA-2 (
OJ L 321, 6.12.2003, p. 64
).
(
3
)
  Judgment of the Court of Justice of 16 April 2015, Parliament v Council, Joined Cases C-317/13 and C-679/13, ECLI:EU:C:2015:223.
(
4
)
  Council Implementing Decision 2014/688/EU of 25 September 2014 on subjecting 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide (AH-7921), 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2(ethylamino)cyclohexanone (methoxetamine) to control measures (
OJ L 287, 1.10.2014, p. 22
).

Summary:
Illicit drug trafficking — List of psychoactive substances
SUMMARY OF:
Decision 1999/615/JHA on 4-MTA as a new synthetic drug which is to be made subject to control measures and criminal penalties 
Decision 2002/188/JHA on control measures and criminal sanctions in respect of the new synthetic drug PMMA
Decision 2003/847/JHA on control measures and criminal sanctions in respect of the new synthetic drugs 2C-I, 2C-T-2, 2C-T-7 and TMA-2
Decision 2008/206/JHA on defining 1-benzylpiperazine (BZP) as a new psychoactive substance which is to be made subject to control measures and criminal provisions
Decision 2010/759/EU on submitting 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone) to control measures
Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/1873 on subjecting 4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine (4,4′-DMAR) and 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (MT-45) to control measures
Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/1874 on subjecting 4-methylamphetamine to control measures
Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/1875 on subjecting 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide (AH-7921), 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone (methoxetamine) to control measures
Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/1876 on subjecting 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole to control measures
Implementing Decision (EU) 2016/1070 on subjecting 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, α-PVP) to control measures
Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/369 on subjecting methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA) to control measures
Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1774 on subjecting N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide (acryloylfentanyl) to control measures
Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/2170 on subjecting N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]furan-2-carboxamide (furanylfentanyl) to control measures
Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/747 on N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-CHMINACA) to control measures
Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/748 on 1-(4-cyanobutyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (CUMYL-4CN-BINACA) to control measures
Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/1463 on N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (cyclopropylfentanyl) and 2-methoxy-N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]acetamide (methoxyacetylfentanyl) to control measures
WHAT IS THE AIM OF THE DECISIONS?
They aim to establish control measures and criminal penalties against the trafficking of 
new psychoactive substances (NPS)
1
.
KEY POINTS
The list of NPS includes:
Methylthioamphetamine or 4-Methylthioamphetamine
, as referred to in Council Decision 
1999/615/JHA
.
Paramethoxymethylamphetamine or N-methyl-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-aminopropane
, as referred to in Council Decision 
2002/188/JHA
.
2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenethylamine, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylthiophenethylamine, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-(n)-propylthiophenethylamine and 2,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine
, as referred to in Council Decision 
2003/847/JHA
.
1-benzylpiperazine or 1-benzyl-1,4-diazacyclohexane or N-benzylpiperazine or benzylpiperazine
, as referred to in Council Decision 
2008/206/JHA
.
4-methylmethcathinone
, as referred to in Council Decision 
2010/759/EU
.
4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine (4,4′-DMAR) and 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (MT-45)
, as referred to in Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2015/1873
.
4-methylamphetamine
, as referred to in Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2015/1874
.
4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide (AH-7921), 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone (methoxetamine)
, as referred to in Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2015/1875
.
5-(2-aminopropyl)indole
, as referred to in Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2015/1876
.
1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, α-PVP)
, as referred to in Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2016/1070
.
Methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA)
, as referred to in Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2017/369
.
N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide (acryloylfentanyl)
, as referred to in Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2017/1774
.
N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]furan-2-carboxamide (furanylfentanyl)
, as referred to in Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2017/2170
.
N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-CHMINACA)
, as referred to in Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2018/747
.
1-(4-cyanobutyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (CUMYL-4CN-BINACA)
, as referred to in Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2018/748
.
N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (cyclopropylfentanyl)
, as referred to in Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2018/1463
.
2-methoxy-N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]acetamide (methoxyacetylfentanyl)
, as referred to in Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2018/1463
.
The 
European Commission
 can add further NPS to the list by means of a 
delegated act
.
FROM WHEN DO THE DECISIONS APPLY?
Decisions have applied since:
17 September 1999
Council Decision 2002/188/JHA
7 March 2002
Council Decision 2003/847/JHA
7 December 2003
Council Decision 2008/206/JHA
8 March 2008
Council Decision 2010/759/EU
9 December 2010
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/1873
21 October 2015
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/1874
21 October 2015
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/1875
21 October 2015
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/1876
21 October 2015
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 2016/1070
3 July 2016
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/369
4 March 2017
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1774
30 September 2017
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/2170
23 November 2017
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/747
23 May 2018
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/748
23 May 2018
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/1463
2 October 2018
BACKGROUND
The 
EU Drugs Strategy 2013-2020
 is put into action through two consecutive four-year 
Action Plans
.
For further information see:
Drugs policy
 (
European Commission
).
KEY TERMS
New psychoactive substance:
 a substance in pure form or in a preparation that is not covered by the 1961 United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, as amended by the 1972 Protocol, or by the 1971 United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances but may pose health or social risks similar to those posed by the substances covered by those Conventions.
MAIN DOCUMENTS
Council Decision 
1999/615/JHA
 of 
13 September 1999
 defining 4-MTA as a new synthetic drug which is to be made subject to control measures and criminal penalties (OJ L 244, 
16.9.1999
, 
p. 1
)
Council Decision 
2002/188/JHA
 of 
28 February 2002
 concerning control measures and criminal sanctions in respect of the new synthetic drug PMMA (OJ L 63, 
6.3.2002
, 
p. 14
)
Council Decision 
2003/847/JHA
 of 
27 November 2003
 concerning control measures and criminal sanctions in respect of the new synthetic drugs 2C-I, 2C-T-2, 2C-T-7 and TMA-2 (OJ L 321, 
6.12.2003
, 
pp. 64-65
)
Council Decision 
2008/206/JHA
 of 
3 March 2008
 on defining 1-benzylpiperazine (BZP) as a new psychoactive substance which is to be made subject to control measures and criminal provisions (OJ L 63, 
7.3.2008
, 
pp. 45-46
)
Council Decision 
2010/759/EU
 of 
2 December 2010
 on submitting 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone) to control measures (OJ L 322, 
8.12.2010
, 
pp. 44-45
)
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2015/1873
 of 
8 October 2015
 on subjecting 4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amine (4,4′-DMAR) and 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (MT-45) to control measures (OJ L 275, 
20.10.2015
, 
pp. 32-34
)
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2015/1874
 of 
8 October 2015
 on subjecting 4-methylamphetamine to control measures (OJ L 275, 
20.10.2015
, 
pp. 35-37
)
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2015/1875
 of 
8 October 2015
 on subjecting 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichloro-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamide (AH-7921), 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone (methoxetamine) to control measures (OJ L 275, 
20.10.2015
, 
pp. 38-42
)
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2015/1876
 of 
8 October 2015
 on subjecting 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole to control measures (OJ L 275, 
20.10.2015
, 
pp. 43-45
)
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2016/1070
 of 
27 June 2016
 on subjecting 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, α-PVP) to control measures (OJ L 178, 
2.7.2016
, 
pp. 18-20
)
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2017/369
 of 
27 February 2017
 on subjecting methyl 2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA) to control measures (OJ L 56, 
3.3.2017
, 
pp. 210-212
)
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2017/1774
 of 
25 September 2017
 on subjecting N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide (acryloylfentanyl) to control measures (OJ L 251, 
29.9.2017
, 
pp. 21-22
)
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2017/2170
 of 
15 November 2017
 on subjecting N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]furan-2-carboxamide (furanylfentanyl) to control measures (OJ L 306, 
22.11.2017
, 
pp. 19-20
)
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2018/747
 of 
14 May 2018
 on subjecting the new psychoactive substance N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-CHMINACA) to control measures (OJ L 125, 
22.5.2018
, 
pp. 8-9
)
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2018/748
 of 
14 May 2018
 on subjecting the new psychoactive substance 1-(4-cyanobutyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (CUMYL-4CN-BINACA) to control measures (OJ L 125, 
22.5.2018
, p.p 10-11)
Council Implementing Decision (EU) 
2018/1463
 of 
28 September 2018
 on subjecting the new psychoactive substances N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (cyclopropylfentanyl) and 2-methoxy-N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]acetamide (methoxyacetylfentanyl) to control measures (OJ L 245, 
1.10.2018
, 
pp. 9-11
)
RELATED DOCUMENTS
Commission Delegated Directive (EU) 
2019/369
 of 
13 December 2018
 amending the Annex to Council Framework Decision 2004/757/JHA as regards the inclusion of new psychoactive substances in the definition of ‘drug’ (OJ L 66, 
7.3.2019
, 
pp. 3-5
)
Regulation (EU) 
2017/2101
 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 
15 November 2017
 amending Regulation (EC) 
No 1920/2006
 as regards information exchange on, and an early warning system and risk assessment procedure for, new psychoactive substances (OJ L 305, 
21.11.2017
, 
pp. 1-7
)
Directive (EU) 
2017/2103
 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 
15 November 2017
 amending Council Framework Decision 2004/757/JHA in order to include new psychoactive substances in the definition of ‘drug’ and repealing Council Decision 2005/387/JHA (OJ L 305, 
21.11.2017
, 
pp. 12-18
)
EU Drugs Strategy
 (2013-20) (OJ C 402, 
29.12.2012
, 
pp. 1-10
)
Regulation (EC) 
No 
1920/2006
 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 
12 December 2006
 on the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (recast) (OJ L 376, 
27.12.2006
, 
pp. 1-13
)
Successive amendments to Regulation (EC) 
No 1920/2006
 have been incorporated into the original document. This 
consolidated version
 is of documentary value only.
Council Framework Decision 
2004/757/JHA
 of 
25 October 2004
 laying down minimum provisions on the constituent elements of criminal acts and penalties in the field of illicit drug trafficking (OJ L 335, 
11.11.2004
, 
pp. 8-11
)
See 
consolidated version
.
last update 
2.4.2019

--- DANISH ---

Document:
20.10.2015
DA
Den Europæiske Unions Tidende
L 275/38
RÅDETS GENNEMFØRELSESAFGØRELSE (EU) 2015/1875
af 8. oktober 2015
om at underkaste 4-iod-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamin (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichlor-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamid (AH-7921), 3,4-methylendioxypyrovaleron (MDPV) og 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanon (methoxetamin) kontrolforanstaltninger
RÅDET FOR DEN EUROPÆISKE UNION HAR —
under henvisning til traktaten om Den Europæiske Unions funktionsmåde,
under henvisning til Rådets afgørelse 2005/387/RIA af 10. maj 2005 om udveksling af oplysninger om, risikovurdering af og kontrol med nye psykoaktive stoffer 
(
1
)
, særlig artikel 8, stk. 3,
under henvisning til forslag fra Europa-Kommissionen,
under henvisning til udtalelse fra Europa-Parlamentet, og
ud fra følgende betragtninger:
(1)
I overensstemmelse med afgørelse 2005/387/RIA udarbejdede det udvidede videnskabelige udvalg under Det Europæiske Overvågningscenter for Narkotika og Narkotikamisbrug (EMCDDA) på et særligt møde risikovurderingsrapporter om de nye psykoaktive stoffer 4-iod-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamin (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichlor-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamid (AH-7921), 3,4-methylendioxypyrovaleron (MDPV) og 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanon (methoxetamin), som efterfølgende blev forelagt Kommissionen og Rådet den 23. april 2014.
(2)
25I-NBOMe, AH-7921, MDPV og methoxetamin var ikke blevet vurderet i FN-regi, da der blev anmodet om en risikovurdering på EU-plan, men de blev i juni 2014 evalueret af Verdenssundhedsorganisationens Ekspertudvalg vedrørende Medicinafhængighed.
(3)
25I-NBOMe, AH-7921, MDPV og methoxetamin har ingen dokumenterede eller anerkendte human- eller veterinærmedicinske anvendelser. Bortset fra disse stoffers anvendelse som referencematerialer ved analyse og til videnskabelig forskning i deres kemi, farmakologi og toksikologi som følge af deres opdukken på narkotikamarkedet — og for 25I-NBOMe's vedkommende tillige inden for neurokemi — har de så vidt vides ingen andre anvendelser.
(4)
25I-NBOMe er et kraftigt virkende syntetisk derivat af 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenethylamin (2C-I), der er et klassisk serotonergt hallucinogen, som blev risikovurderet og underkastet kontrolforanstaltninger og strafferetlige sanktioner på EU-plan fra 2003 ved afgørelse 2003/847/RIA 
(
2
)
.
(5)
Det er vanskeligt at bestemme de specifikke fysiske virkninger af 25I-NBOMe, da der ikke er offentliggjort undersøgelser om vurdering af stoffets akutte og kroniske toksicitet, dets virkninger for fysiologi og adfærd samt dets mulige vanedannende virkning, og da de foreliggende oplysninger og data er begrænsede. Kliniske iagttagelser af personer, der har benyttet stoffet, tyder på, at det har hallucinogene virkninger og kan fremkalde stærk ophidselse, forvirring, kraftige hørelses- og synshallucinationer, aggressivitet, voldsomme ulykker og selvskadende adfærd.
(6)
Der er i tre medlemsstater registreret fire dødsfald med relation til 25I-NBOMe. Der er i fire medlemsstater indberettet om høj toksicitet ved anvendelsen af stoffet, idet der er registreret 32 forgiftningstilfælde uden dødelig udgang. Skulle dette nye psykoaktive stof blive mere tilgængeligt og få mere udbredt anvendelse, kan det få betydelige følger for enkeltpersoners sundhed og folkesundheden. Der foreligger ingen oplysninger om de sociale risici i forbindelse med 25I-NBOMe.
(7)
22 medlemsstater og Norge har indberettet til EMCDDA og Den Europæiske Politienhed (Europol), at de har fundet 25I-NBOMe. Der foreligger ingen data om, hvor udbredt brug af 25I-NBOMe er, men de begrænsede oplysninger, der foreligger, tyder på, at stoffet muligvis indtages i mange forskellige sammenhænge, f.eks. i hjemmet, i barer og på natklubber og ved musikfestivaler.
(8)
25I-NBOMe bliver åbent markedsført og solgt på internettet som et »forskningskemikalie«, og oplysninger fra beslaglæggelser, indsamlede prøver, brugernetsteder og internetbutikker tyder på, at stoffet både sælges som et selvstændigt narkotika og som en »lovlig« erstatning for LSD. EMCDDA har fundet frem til mere end 15 internetbutikker, hvor stoffet sælges, og de har muligvis hjemsted i Unionen og Kina.
(9)
Risikovurderingsrapporten viser, at der kun foreligger begrænset videnskabelig dokumentation om 25I-NBOMe, og påpeger, at der er behov for yderligere forskning for at fastslå, hvilke sundhedsrisici og sociale risici der er forbundet med stoffet. Det materiale og de oplysninger, der foreligger, udgør dog et tilstrækkeligt grundlag til at underkaste 25I-NBOMe kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen. 25I-NBOMe bør underkastes kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen, da stoffet indebærer sundhedsrisici, hvilket er dokumenteret ved, at det er påvist i forbindelse med flere indberettede dødsfald, da brugerne kan være uvidende om indtagelse af stoffet, og da stoffet ikke har nogen medicinsk værdi eller anvendelse.
(10)
Eftersom seks medlemsstater fører kontrol med 25I-NBOMe efter national lovgivning i overensstemmelse med deres forpligtelser i henhold til FN's konvention af 1971 om psykotrope stoffer og syv medlemsstater benytter andre lovgivningsforanstaltninger til at føre kontrol med det, vil det bidrage til at undgå problemer med grænseoverskridende lovhåndhævelse og retligt samarbejde og give beskyttelse mod de farer, som stoffets tilgængelighed og brug af stoffet kan indebære, hvis stoffet underkastes kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen.
(11)
AH-7921 er et strukturmæssigt atypisk syntetisk opioidt analgetikum, som går under betegnelsen »doxylam« hos forhandlere på internettet, på brugernetsteder og i medierne. Det kan let forveksles med »doxylamin«, der er et antihistaminlægemiddel med beroligende-søvndyssende egenskaber, hvilket kan føre til utilsigtet overdosering.
(12)
Det er vanskeligt at bestemme de specifikke fysiske virkninger af AH-7921, da der ikke er offentliggjort undersøgelser om vurdering af stoffets akutte og kroniske toksicitet, dets psykologiske, adfærdsmæssige virkninger og mulige vanedannende virkning, og eftersom de foreliggende oplysninger og data er begrænsede. Efter brugernes udsagn skulle virkningerne af AH-7921 ligne virkningerne af klassiske rusmidler, dvs. svag eufori, kløe og afslappelse. Kvalme synes at være en typisk bivirkning. Brugerne oplyser, at AH-7921 indgår som led i selveksperimenteren og i »rekreativ brug«, men nogle brugere foretager også selvmedicinering med dette nye narkotika for at lindre smerter, mens andre søger at mildne abstinenssymptomer, der skyldes ophør med brug af andre rusmidler. Det kan betyde, at AH-7921 har mulighed for at vinde udbredelse blandt stiknarkomaner.
(13)
Der foreligger ingen data om, hvor udbredt brug af AH-7921 er, men de foreliggende oplysninger tyder på, at stoffet ikke er almindeligt brugt, og at det, når det bruges, bruges i hjemmet.
(14)
Der er registreret 15 dødsfald i tre medlemsstater mellem december 2012 og september 2013, hvor AH-7921 alene eller sammen med andre stoffer blev påvist i obduktionsprøver. Det kan ikke med sikkerhed fastslås, hvilken rolle AH-7921 har spillet i alle disse dødsfald, men i nogle tilfælde er stoffet specifikt nævnt under dødsårsagen. I en medlemsstat er der indberettet seks AH-7921-relaterede forgiftningstilfælde uden dødelig udgang. Skulle dette nye psykoaktive stof blive mere tilgængeligt og få mere udbredt anvendelse, kan det få betydelige følger for enkeltpersoners sundhed og folkesundheden. Der foreligger ingen oplysninger om de sociale risici i forbindelse med AH-7921.
(15)
Risikovurderingsrapporten viser, at der kun foreligger begrænset videnskabelig dokumentation om AH-7921, og påpeger, at der er behov for yderligere forskning for at fastslå, hvilke sundhedsrisici og sociale risici der er forbundet med stoffet. Det materiale og de oplysninger, der foreligger, udgør dog et tilstrækkeligt grundlag til at underkaste AH-7921 kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen. AH-7921 bør underkastes kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen, da stoffet indebærer sundhedsrisici, hvilket er dokumenteret ved, at det er påvist i forbindelse med flere indberettede dødsfald, da brugerne kan være uvidende om indtagelse af stoffet, og da stoffet ikke har nogen medicinsk værdi eller anvendelse.
(16)
Eftersom en medlemsstat fører kontrol med AH-7921 efter national lovgivning i overensstemmelse med sine forpligtelser i henhold til FN's konvention af 1971 om psykotrope stoffer, og fem medlemsstater benytter andre lovgivningsforanstaltninger til at føre kontrol med det, vil det bidrage til at undgå problemer med grænseoverskridende lovhåndhævelse og retligt samarbejde og give beskyttelse mod de farer, som stoffets tilgængelighed og brug af stoffet kan indebære, hvis stoffet underkastes kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen.
(17)
MDPV er et ringsubstitueret syntetisk derivat af cathinon, der er kemisk beslægtet med pyrovaleron, og begge disse stoffer er omfattet af kontrolforanstaltninger i henhold til FN's konvention af 1971 om psykotrope stoffer.
(18)
Indsamling af oplysninger om MDPV's kroniske og akutte toksicitet, dets psykologiske og adfærdsmæssige virkninger og dets mulige vanedannende virkning foregår ikke på ensartet måde i hele Unionen. Oplysninger fra offentliggjorte undersøgelser, som bekræftes af kliniske tilfælde, tyder på, at MDPV har næsten samme psykofarmakologiske profil som kokain og methamfetamin, blot er virkningerne kraftigere og længerevarende. Endvidere er det konstateret, at MDPV's evne til at inducere lokomotorisk aktivitet, tachycardi og hypertension er ti gange kraftigere.
(19)
Af flere brugernetsteder fremgår det, at stoffets akutte toksicitet kan forårsage de samme skadevirkninger på mennesker som andre opkvikkende midler. Blandt virkningerne er paranoid psykose, tachycardi, hypertension, sveden, vejrtrækningsproblemer, stærk ophidselse, hørelses- og synshallucinationer, voldsomme angstanfald, hypertermi, voldsanfald og funktionsforstyrrelser i forskellige organer.
(20)
Der er mellem september 2009 og august 2013 registreret 108 dødsfald i otte medlemsstater og Norge, hvor der er påvist MDPV i biologiske obduktionsprøver eller stoffet har været en medvirkende dødsårsag. Fra otte medlemsstater er der indberettet i alt 525 MDPV-relaterede forgiftningstilfælde uden dødelig udgang. Skulle dette nye psykoaktive stof blive mere tilgængeligt og få mere udbredt anvendelse, kan det få betydelige følger for enkeltpersoners sundhed og folkesundheden.
(21)
Der er ligeledes påvist MDPV i biologiske prøver, der er udtaget i forbindelse med trafikulykker med og uden dødsofre eller kørsel i narkotikapåvirket tilstand, i fire medlemsstater siden 2009.
(22)
MDPV har været på narkotikamarkedet i Unionen siden november 2008, og der er fra 27 medlemsstater samt Norge og Tyrkiet indberettet beslaglæggelser af flere kilo af stoffet ad gangen. MDPV sælges alene, men er også fundet i kombination med andre stoffer. Stoffet kan let købes hos forhandlere og butikker på internettet, i »hampeforretninger« og på gaden. Der er tegn på, at tabletfremstilling og distribution af stoffet er organiseret i et vist omfang i Unionen.
(23)
Risikovurderingsrapporten viser, at der er behov for yderligere forskning for at fastslå, hvilke sundhedsrisici og sociale risici der er forbundet med MDPV. Det materiale og de oplysninger, der foreligger, udgør dog et tilstrækkeligt grundlag til at underkaste MDPV kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen. MDPV bør underkastes kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen, da stoffet indebærer sundhedsrisici, hvilket er dokumenteret ved, at det er påvist i forbindelse med flere indberettede dødsfald, da brugerne kan være uvidende om indtagelse af stoffet, og da stoffet ikke har nogen medicinsk værdi eller anvendelse.
(24)
Eftersom 21 medlemsstater fører kontrol med MDPV efter national lovgivning i overensstemmelse med sine forpligtelser i henhold til FN's konvention af 1971 om psykotrope stoffer og fire medlemsstater benytter andre lovgivningsforanstaltninger til at føre kontrol med det, vil det bidrage til at undgå problemer med grænseoverskridende lovhåndhævelse og retligt samarbejde og give beskyttelse mod de farer, som stoffets tilgængelighed og brug af stoffet kan indebære, hvis stoffet underkastes kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen.
(25)
Methoxetamin er en arylcyclohexylamin, der er kemisk beslægtet med ketamin og phencyclidin (PCP), som er underkastet international kontrol. Methoxetamin har ligesom ketamin og PCP dissociative egenskaber.
(26)
Der foreligger ingen undersøgelser af methoxetamins kroniske og akutte toksicitet, dets psykologiske og adfærdsmæssige virkninger eller dets mulige vanedannende virkning. Beskrivelser af egne erfaringer på brugernetsteder omtaler bivirkninger af samme art som ved en ketaminrus. Blandt virkningerne er kvalme og voldsom opkastning, vejtrækningsbesvær, kramper, desorientering, angstanfald, katatoni, aggressivitet, hallucinationer, paranoia og psykose. Desuden kan der i en akut methoxetaminrus optræde stimulansvirkninger (ophidselse, tachycardi og hypertension) og påvirkninger af hjernen, som er uventede under en akut ketaminrus.
(27)
Der er blevet indberettet 20 methoxetaminrelaterede dødsfald i seks medlemsstater, hvor stoffet er påvist i obduktionsprøver. I fem medlemsstater er der påvist methoxetamin i 20 forgiftningstilfælde uden dødelig udgang, hvor stoffet har været brugt alene eller kombineret med andre stoffer. Skulle dette nye psykoaktive stof blive mere tilgængeligt og få mere udbredt anvendelse, kan det få betydelige følger for enkeltpersoners sundhed og folkesundheden.
(28)
Siden november 2010 har 23 medlemsstater samt Tyrkiet og Norge indberettet at have fundet methoxetamin. Oplysningerne tyder på, at methoxetamin sælges og bruges alene, men også som en »lovlig« erstatning for ketamin i internetbutikker, i »hampeforretninger« og på gaden.
(29)
Der er i Unionen blevet beslaglagt mængder på flere kilo ad gangen i pulverform, men det vides ikke, om der kan være tale om organiseret kriminalitet. Fremstilling af methoxetamin kræver ikke avanceret udstyr.
(30)
Data om, hvor udbredt brug af methoxetamin er, foreligger kun i form af ikke-repræsentative undersøgelser i to medlemsstater. Disse undersøgelser peger på, at methoxetamin er mindre udbredt end ketamin. De foreliggende oplysninger tyder på, at stoffet muligvis indtages i mange forskellige sammenhænge, f.eks. i hjemmet, i barer og på natklubber og ved musikfestivaler.
(31)
Risikovurderingsrapporten viser, at der er behov for yderligere forskning for at fastslå, hvilke sundhedsrisici og sociale risici der er forbundet med methoxetamin. Det materiale og de oplysninger, der foreligger, udgør dog et tilstrækkeligt grundlag til at underkaste methoxetamin kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen. Methoxetamin bør underkastes kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen, da stoffet indebærer sundhedsrisici, hvilket er dokumenteret ved, at stoffet er påvist i forbindelse med flere indberettede dødsfald, da brugerne kan være uvidende om indtagelse af stoffet, og da stoffet ikke har nogen medicinsk værdi eller anvendelse.
(32)
Eftersom ni medlemsstater fører kontrol med methoxetamin efter national lovgivning i overensstemmelse med deres forpligtelser i henhold til FN's konvention af 1971 om psykotrope stoffer og ni medlemsstater benytter andre lovgivningsforanstaltninger til at føre kontrol med det, vil det bidrage til at undgå problemer med grænseoverskridende lovhåndhævelse og retligt samarbejde og give beskyttelse mod de farer, som stoffets tilgængelighed og brug af stoffet kan indebære, hvis stoffet underkastes kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen.
(33)
Afgørelse 2005/387/RIA tillægger Rådet gennemførelsesbeføjelser for at kunne reagere hurtigt og på grundlag af ekspertise på EU-plan på fremkomsten af nye psykoaktive stoffer, som medlemsstaterne har påvist og indberettet, ved at underkaste disse stoffer kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen. Da betingelserne og proceduren for at udløse udøvelsen af sådanne gennemførelsesbeføjelser er opfyldt, bør der vedtages en gennemførelsesafgørelse for at underkaste 25I-NBOMe, AH-7921, MDPV og methoxetamin kontrol i hele Unionen.
(34)
Den Europæiske Unions Domstol fastslog i sin dom af 16. april 2015 i de forenede sager C-317/13 og sag C-679/13 
(
3
)
, at Rådet skal høre Europa-Parlamentet inden vedtagelsen af gennemførelsesafgørelser i medfør af artikel 8, stk. 3, i afgørelse 2005/387/RIA. Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse 2014/688/EU 
(
4
)
 blev vedtaget uden en sådan forudgående høring og er derfor behæftet med en procedurefejl. Afgørelse 2014/688/EU bør derfor erstattes af nærværende afgørelse.
(35)
Med henblik på at sikre kontinuiteten af kontrolforanstaltningerne i hele Unionen samt overholdelsen af medlemsstaternes forpligtelser i henhold til De Forenede Nationers konvention af 1971 om psykotrope stoffer og De Forenede Nationers enkeltkonvention af 1961 angående narkotiske midler med hensyn til 4-iod-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamin (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichlor-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamid (AH-7921), 3,4-methylendioxypyrovaleron (MDPV) og 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanon (methoxetamin) bør nærværende afgørelse ikke berøre medlemsstaternes forpligtelser med hensyn til fristen for at underkaste disse nye psykoaktive stoffer kontrolforanstaltninger og strafferetlige sanktioner i deres nationale lovgivning som fastsat i artikel 2 i afgørelse 2014/688/EU.
(36)
Afgørelse 2005/387/RIA er bindende for Danmark, som derfor deltager i vedtagelsen og anvendelsen af denne afgørelse, der gennemfører afgørelse 2005/387/RIA.
(37)
Afgørelse 2005/387/RIA er bindende for Irland, som derfor deltager i vedtagelsen og anvendelsen af denne afgørelse, der gennemfører afgørelse 2005/387/RIA.
(38)
Afgørelse 2005/387/RIA er ikke bindende for Det Forenede Kongerige, som derfor ikke deltager i vedtagelsen af denne afgørelse, som gennemfører afgørelse 2005/387/RIA, og som ikke er bindende for og ikke finder anvendelse i Det Forenede Kongerige —
VEDTAGET DENNE AFGØRELSE:
Artikel 1
Følgende nye psykoaktive stoffer underkastes kontrolforanstaltninger i hele Unionen:
a)
4-iod-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)-phenethylamin (25I-NBOMe)
b)
3,4-dichlor-N-[[1-dimethylamino)-cyclohexyl]methyl]-benzamid (AH-7921)
c)
3,4-methylendioxypyrovaleron (MDPV)
d)
2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanon (methoxetamin).
Artikel 2
Afgørelse 2014/688/EU erstattes, uden at dette berører medlemsstaternes forpligtelser med hensyn til fristen for at underkaste 4-iod-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamin (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichlor-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamid (AH-7921), 3,4-methylendioxypyrovaleron (MDPV) og 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanon (methoxetamin) kontrolforanstaltninger og strafferetlige sanktioner i deres nationale lovgivning som fastsat i artikel 2 i afgørelse 2014/688/EU.
Artikel 3
Denne afgørelse træder i kraft dagen efter offentliggørelsen i 
Den Europæiske Unions Tidende
.
Denne afgørelse anvendes i overensstemmelse med traktaterne.
Udfærdiget i Luxembourg, den 8. oktober 2015.
På Rådets vegne
J. ASSELBORN
Formand
(
1
)
  
            
EUT L 127 af 20.5.2005, s. 32
.
(
2
)
  Rådets afgørelse 2003/847/RIA af 27. november 2003 om kontrolforanstaltninger og strafferetlige foranstaltninger med hensyn til de nye former for syntetisk narkotika 2C-I, 2C-T-2, 2C-T-7 og TMA-2 (
EUT L 321 af 6.12.2003, s. 64
).
(
3
)
  Domstolen dom af 16. april 2015, Parlamentet mod Rådet, forenede sager C-317/13 og C-679/13, ECLI:EU:C:2015:223.
(
4
)
  Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse 2014/688/EU af 25. september 2014 om at underkaste 4-iod-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamin (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichlor-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamid (AH-7921), 3,4-methylendioxypyrovaleron (MDPV) og 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanon (methoxetamin) kontrolforanstaltninger (
EUT L 287 af 1.10.2014, s. 22
).

Summary:
Ulovlig narkotikahandel — liste over psykoaktive stoffer
RESUMÉ AF:
Afgørelse 1999/615/RIA om 4-MTA som en ny form for syntetisk narkotika, der skal underlægges kontrolforanstaltninger og strafferetlige sanktioner 
Afgørelse 2002/188/RIA om kontrolforanstaltninger og strafferetlige foranstaltninger med hensyn til den nye syntetiske narkotika PMMA
Afgørelse 2003/847/RIA om kontrolforanstaltninger og strafferetlige foranstaltninger med hensyn til de nye former for syntetisk narkotika 2C-I, 2C-T-2, 2C-T-7 og TMA-2
Afgørelse 2008/206/RIA om definition af 1-benzylpiperazin (BZP) som et nyt psykoaktivt stof, der skal underlægges kontrolforanstaltninger og strafferetlige foranstaltninger
Afgørelse 2010/759/EU om at underkaste 4-metylmetcathinon (mephedron) kontrolforanstaltninger
Gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2015/1873 om at underkaste 4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amin (4,4′-DMAR) og 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazin (MT-45) kontrolforanstaltninger
Gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2015/1874 om at underkaste 4-methylamfetamin kontrolforanstaltninger
Gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2015/1875 om at underkaste 4-iod-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamin (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichlor-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamid (AH-7921), 3,4-methylendioxypyrovaleron (MDPV) og 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanon (methoxetamin) kontrolforanstaltninger
Gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2015/1876 om at underkaste 5-(2-aminopropyl)indol kontrolforanstaltninger
Gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2016/1070 om at underkaste 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-on (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenon, α-PVP) kontrolforanstaltninger
Gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2017/369 om at underkaste methyl-2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indol-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoat (MDMB-CHMICA) kontrolforanstaltninger
Gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2017/1774 om at underkaste N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamid (acryloylfentanyl) kontrolforanstaltninger
Gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2017/2170 om at underkaste N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]furan-2-carboxamid (furanylfentanyl) kontrolforanstaltninger
Gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2018/747 om at underkaste det nye psykoaktive stof N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazol-3-carboxamid (ADB-CHMINACA) kontrolforanstaltninger
Gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2018/748 om at underkaste det nye psykoaktive stof 1-(4-cyanobutyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1H-indazol-3-carboxamid (CUMYL-4CN-BINACA) kontrolforanstaltninger
Gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2018/1463 om at underkaste de nye psykoaktive stoffer N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]cyclopropancarboxamid (cyclopropylfentanyl) og 2-methoxy-N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]acetamid (methoxyacetylfentanyl) kontrolforanstaltninger
HVAD ER FORMÅLET MED AFGØRELSERNE?
Formålet med dem er at fastsætte kontrolforanstaltninger og strafferetlige sanktioner for handel med 
nye psykoaktive stoffer
1
.
HOVEDPUNKTER
Listen over nye psykoaktive stoffer omfatter:
Metyltioamfetamin eller 4-Metyltioamfetamin
 som omhandlet i Rådets afgørelse 
1999/615/RIA
. 
Paramethoxymethylamfetamin eller N-methyl-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-aminopropan
 som omhandlet i Rådets afgørelse 
2002/188/RIA
. 
2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenethylamin, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylthiophenetylamin, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-(n)-propylthiophenethylamin og 2,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamin
 som omhandlet i Rådets afgørelse 
2003/847/RIA
. 
1-benzylpiperazin eller 1-benzyl-1,4-diazacyclohexan eller N benzylpiperazin eller benzylpiperazin
 som omhandlet Rådets afgørelse 
2008/206/RIA
. 
4-metylmetcathinon
 som omhandlet i Rådets afgørelse 
2010/759/RIA
. 
4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amin (4,4′-DMAR) og 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazin (MT-45)
 som omhandlet i Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2015/1873
. 
4-methylamfetamin
 som omhandlet i Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2015/1874
. 
4-iod-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamin (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichlor-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamid (AH-7921), 3,4-methylendioxypyrovaleron (MDPV) og 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanon (methoxetamin)
 som omhandlet i Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2015/1875
. 
5-(2-aminopropyl)indol
 som omhandlet i Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2015/1876
. 
1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-on (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenon, α-PVP)
 som omhandlet i Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2016/1070
. 
Methyl-2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indol-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoat (MDMB-CHMICA)
 som omhandlet i Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2017/369
. 
N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamid (acryloylfentanyl)
 som omhandlet i Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2017/1774
. 
N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]furan-2-carboxamid (furanylfentanyl)
 som omhandlet i Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2017/2170
. 
N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazol-3-carboxamid (ADB-CHMINACA)
 som omhandlet i Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2018/747
. 
1-(4-cyanobutyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1H-indazol-3-carboxamid (CUMYL-4CN-BINACA)
 som omhandlet i Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2018/748
. 
N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]cyclopropancarboxamid (cyclopropylfentanyl)
 som omhandlet i Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2018/1463
.
2-methoxy-N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]acetamid (methoxyacetylfentanyl)
 som omhandlet i Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2018/1463
.
Europa-Kommissionen
 kan ved en 
delegeret retsakt
 føje yderligere nye psykoaktive stoffer til listen.
HVORNÅR GÆLDER AFGØRELSERNE FRA?
Afgørelser har været gældende siden:
17. september 1999
Rådets afgørelse 2002/188/RIA
7. marts 2002
Rådets afgørelse 2003/847/RIA
7. december 2003
Rådets afgørelse 2008/206/RIA
8. marts 2008
Rådets afgørelse 2010/759/EU
9. december 2010
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2015/1873
21. oktober 2015
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2015/1874
21. oktober 2015
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2015/1875
21. oktober 2015
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2015/1876
21. oktober 2015
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2016/1070
3. juli 2016
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2017/369
4. marts 2017
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2017/1774
30. september 2017
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2017/2170
23. november 2017
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2018/747
23. maj 2018
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2018/748
23. maj 2018
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 2018/1463
2. oktober 2018
BAGGRUND
EU’s narkotikastrategi for perioden 2013-2020
 er iværksat gennem to fortløbende fireårige 
handlingsplaner
.
For flere oplysninger henvises til:
Narkotikapolitik
 (
Europa-Kommissionen
). 
VIGTIGE BEGREBER
Nyt psykoaktivt stof:
 et stof, der i sin rene form eller i en præparation ikke er omfattet af De Forenede Nationers enkeltkonvention af 1961 angående narkotiske midler som ændret ved protokollen af 1972 eller ved De Forenede Nationers konventionen af 1971 om psykotrope stoffer, men som kan udgøre en sammenlignelig sundhedsrisiko eller social trussel, som de stoffer der er opført på listerne i disse konventioner.
HOVEDDOKUMENTER
Rådets afgørelse 
1999/615/RIA
 af 
13. september 1999
 om definition af 4-MTA som en ny form for syntetisk narkotika, der skal underlægges kontrolforanstaltninger og strafferetlige sanktioner (EFT L 244 af 
16.9.1999
, 
s. 1
).
Rådets afgørelse 
2002/188/RIA
 af 
28. februar 2002
 om kontrolforanstaltninger og strafferetlige foranstaltninger med hensyn til den nye syntetiske narkotika PMMA (EUT L 63 af 
6.3.2002
, 
s. 14
).
Rådets afgørelse 
2003/847/RIA
 af 
27. november 2003
 om kontrolforanstaltninger og strafferetlige foranstaltninger med hensyn til de nye former for syntetisk narkotika 2C-I, 2C-T-2, 2C-T-7 og TMA-2 (EUT L 321 af 
6.12.2003
, 
s. 64-65
).
Rådets afgørelse 
2008/206/RIA
 af 
3. marts 2008
 om definition af 1-benzylpiperazin (BZP) som et nyt psykoaktivt stof, der skal underlægges kontrolforanstaltninger og strafferetlige foranstaltninger (EUT L 63 af 
7.3.2008
, 
s. 45-46
).
Rådets afgørelse 
2010/759/EU
 af 
2. december 2010
 om at underkaste 4-metylmetcathinon (mephedron) kontrolforanstaltninger (EUT L 322 af 
8.12.2010
, 
s. 44-45
).
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2015/1873
 af 
8. oktober 2015
 om at underkaste 4-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-amin (4,4′-DMAR) og 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazin (MT-45) kontrolforanstaltninger (EUT L 275 af 
20.10.2015
, 
s. 32-34
).
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2015/1874
 af 
8. oktober 2015
 om at underkaste 4-methylamfetamin kontrolforanstaltninger (EUT L 275 af 
20.10.2015
, 
s. 35-37
).
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2015/1875
 af 
8. oktober 2015
 om at underkaste 4-iod-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamin (25I-NBOMe), 3,4-dichlor-N-[[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl]benzamid (AH-7921), 3,4-methylendioxypyrovaleron (MDPV) og 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanon (methoxetamin) kontrolforanstaltninger (EUT L 275 af 
20.10.2015
, 
s. 38-42
).
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2015/1876
 af 
8. oktober 2015
 om at underkaste 5-(2-aminopropyl)indol kontrolforanstaltninger (EUT L 275 af 
20.10.2015
, 
s. 43-45
).
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2016/1070
 af 
27. juni 2016
 om at underkaste 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-on (α-pyrrolidinovalerophenon, α-PVP) kontrolforanstaltninger (EUT L 178 af 
2.7.2016
, 
s. 18-20
).
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2017/369
 af 
27. februar 2017
 om at underkaste methyl-2-[[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indol-3-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethylbutanoat (MDMB-CHMICA) kontrolforanstaltninger (EUT L 56 af 
3.3.2017
, 
s. 210-212
).
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2017/1774
 af 
25. september 2017
 om at underkaste N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamid (acryloylfentanyl) kontrolforanstaltninger (EUT L 251 af 
29.9.2017
, 
s. 21-22
).
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2017/2170
 af 
15. november 2017
 om at underkaste N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]furan-2-carboxamid (furanylfentanyl) kontrolforanstaltninger (EUT L 306 af 
22.11.2017
, 
s. 19-20
).
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2018/747
 af 
14. maj 2018
 om at underkaste det nye psykoaktive stof N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazol-3-carboxamid (ADB-CHMINACA) kontrolforanstaltninger (EUT L 125 af 
22.5.2018
, 
s. 8-9
).
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2018/748
 af 
14. maj 2018
 om at underkaste det nye psykoaktive stof 1-(4-cyanobutyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1H-indazol-3-carboxamid (CUMYL-4CN-BINACA) kontrolforanstaltninger (EUT L 125 af 
22.5.2018
, 
s. 10-11
).
Rådets gennemførelsesafgørelse (EU) 
2018/1463
 af 
28. september 2018
 om at underkaste de nye psykoaktive stoffer N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]cyclopropancarboxamid (cyclopropylfentanyl) og 2-methoxy-N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]acetamid (methoxyacetylfentanyl) kontrolforanstaltninger (EUT L 245 af 
1.10.2018
, 
s. 9-11
).
TILHØRENDE DOKUMENTER
Kommissionens delegerede direktiv (EU) 
2019/369
 af 
13. december 2018
 om ændring af bilaget til Rådets rammeafgørelse 2004/757/RIA for så vidt angår inkluderingen af nye psykoaktive stoffer i definitionen af »narkotika« (EUT L 66 af 
7.3.2019
, 
s. 3-5
).
Europa-Parlamentets og Rådets forordning (EU) 
2017/2101
 af 
15. november 2017
 om ændring af forordning (EF) 
nr. 1920/2006
 for så vidt angår udveksling af oplysninger om et system for tidlig varsling af og risikovurderingsprocedure for nye psykoaktive stoffer (EUT L 305 af 
21.11.2017
, 
s. 1-7
).
Efterfølgende ændringer af forordning (EU) 2017/2101 er blevet indarbejdet i grundteksten. Denne 
konsoliderede udgave
 har ingen retsvirkning.
Europa-Parlamentets og Rådets direktiv (EU) 
2017/2103
 af 
15. november 2017
 om ændring af Rådets rammeafgørelse 2004/757/RIA med henblik på at inkludere nye psykoaktive stoffer i definitionen af »narkotika« og om ophævelse af Rådets afgørelse 2005/387/RIA (EUT L 305 af 
21.11.2017
, 
s. 12-18
).
EU’s narkotikastrategi
 (2013-20) (EUT C 402 af 
29.12.2012
, 
s. 1-10
)
Europa-Parlamentets og Rådets forordning (EF) 
nr. 
1920/2006
 af 
12. december 2006
 vedrørende Det Europæiske Overvågningscenter for Narkotika og Narkotikamisbrug (omarbejdning) (EUT L 376, 
27.12.2006
, 
s. 1-13
).
Se 
konsolideret udgave
.
Rådets rammeafgørelse 
2004/757/RIA
 af 
25. oktober 2004
 om fastsættelse af mindsteregler for gerningsindholdet i strafbare handlinger i forbindelse med ulovlig narkotikahandel og straffene herfor (EUT L 335 af 
11.11.2004
, 
s. 8-11
).
Se 
konsolideret udgave
.
seneste ajourføring 
2.4.2019