oih/oih-wis2 huggingface dataset:
Extensive sympatry, cryptic diversity and introgression throughout the Indo-Pacific distribution of two coral species complexes

Keywords: Occurrence, Specimen
Temporal coverage: null/null

The identification of species is one of the most basic, and yet critically important, issues in biology with far-reaching potential implications for fields such as biodiversity conservation, population ecology and epidemiology. Morphology has long been the primary tool biologists have used to categorize life. However, we now know that a significant portion of natural diversity is morphologically hidden, and therefore, we must integrate nonmorphological tools into the description of biodiversity. Here, we demonstrate the utility of multilocus population genetic data for identifying and characterizing cryptic species complexes, even when species share large amounts of genetic variability. Specifically, we have used DNA sequence data from 12 genomic regions to characterize two widespread species complexes in the coral genus Acropora: A. cytherea and A. hyacinthus. These two morphospecies have each been sampled from 5 to 7 locations throughout their Indo-Pacific distributions, and with the use of structure and hierarchical clustering, we demonstrate the presence of at least six widespread cryptic species within these two morphospecies complexes. After identifying cryptic lineages, we then utilize the genetic data to examine the history of introgressive hybridization within and between these morphospecies complexes. Our data indicate that these two complexes form a global syngameon with consistent patterns of introgression between species across large geographic distributions.
Zooplankton of the Eastern South Pacific, Universidad de Guayaquil, Ecuador

Keywords: Occurrence
Temporal coverage: 1973/1973

The purpose of this work is to contribute to the knowledge of the biodiversity in Ecuadorian waters. This dataset contains planktonic foraminifera data from 1973 (between 01°22'N and 03°16'N), and data on fish larvae and foraminifera from 1997 to 2000 (81°05'W - 02°04'S).
Distribution of Hydrothermal Alvinocaridid Shrimps

Keywords: Occurrence, Observation
Temporal coverage: null/null

The aim of this study is to review of our knowledge about distribution of recently known species of vent shrimps and to analyze factors influencing distribution patterns. Analyses are based upon (1) original material taken during eight cruises in the Atlantic Ocean (a total of 5861 individuals) and (2) available literature data from the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. Vent shrimps have two patterns of the species ranges: local (single vent site) and regional (three - six vent sites). Pacific species ranges are mainly of the local type and the Atlantic species ranges are of the regional type. The regional type of species ranges may be associated with channels providing easy larval dispersal (rift valleys, trenches), while the local type is characteristic for other areas. Specialization of a shrimp genus to extreme vent habitats leads to two effects: (1) an increase in the number of vent fields inhabited by the genus and (2) a decrease of species number within the genus.
O_SCHIERMONNIKOOG - Eurasian oystercatchers (Haematopus ostralegus, Haematopodidae) breeding on Schiermonnikoog (the Netherlands) [subsampled representation]

Keywords: Observation, altitude, Occurrence, temperature, accelerometer, birds, gps tracking, UvA-BiTS, biologging, frictionlessdata, animal movement, Movebank, animal tracking
Temporal coverage: 2008/2014

This animal tracking dataset is derived from Oosterbeek et al. (2022, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6603183">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6603183</a>) a deposit of Movebank study <a href="https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study1605799506">1605799506</a>. Data have been standardized to Darwin Core using the <a href="https://inbo.github.io/movepub/">movepub</a> R package and are downsampled to the first GPS position per hour. The original dataset description follows.
<em>O_SCHIERMONNIKOOG - Eurasian oystercatchers (Haematopus ostralegus, Haematopodidae) breeding on Schiermonnikoog (the Netherlands)</em> is a bird tracking dataset published by <a href="http://www.sovon.nl">Sovon</a>, the <a href="https://ibed.uva.nl">University of Amsterdam</a> and the <a href="https://www.inbo.be/en">Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)</a>. It contains animal tracking data collected during <a href="https://chirpscholekster.nl">CHIRP</a> (Cumulative Human Impact on biRd Populations) for the study <strong>O_SCHIERMONNIKOOG</strong> using trackers developed by the University of Amsterdam Bird Tracking System (UvA-BiTS, <a href="http://www.uva-bits.nl">http://www.uva-bits.nl</a>). The study was operational from 2008 to 2014. In total 43 individuals of Eurasian oystercatchers (<em>Haematopus ostralegus</em>) have been tagged as a breeding bird on the saltmarshes of the island Schiermonnikoog (the Netherlands), mainly to study their space use both during the breeding season and winter season. Data are uploaded from the UvA-BiTS database to Movebank and from there archived on Zenodo (see <a href="https://github.com/inbo/bird-tracking">https://github.com/inbo/bird-tracking</a>). No new data are expected.
These data were collected by Sovon in collaboration with the University of Amsterdam (UvA). Funding was provided by NAM and supported by the UvA-BiTS virtual lab on the Dutch national e-infrastructure, built with support of LifeWatch, the Netherlands eScience Center, SURFsara and SURFfoundation. The dataset was published with funding from Stichting NLBIF - Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility.
MMS High Altitude Survey 1980-1983

Keywords: Occurrence, Observation, Occurrence,Marine Animal Survey,Marine Biology,Marine mammals,Sea turtles,Vessel,Visual Sighting
Temporal coverage: 1980/1983

Original provider:
Minerals Management Service

Dataset credits:
Minerals Management Service

Abstract:
This dataset is from the marine mammal and seabird surveys of central and northern California studies: Central/northern California - high aerial [Cetaceans] study Code: CH, Contract number: 14-12-0001-29090, Principal investigator: Thomas P. Dohl, Center for Marine Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz 

Study area: Shelf, slope, and offshore waters to a distance of 100 nm off the California coast from Point Conception to the California-Oregon boundary.

Methodology: Offshore transect surveys were flown twice-monthly at two different altitudes (200 ft and about 750-1,000 ft ASL) along approximately 40 east-west transect lines extending an average of 60 nm offshore. The transects sampled on a given survey were selected randomly from a set of 92 standard (predetermined) lines spaced at intervals of 5' of latitude.  Standard transects provided systematic coverage of shelf, slope, and offshore waters in the study area. Sightings of seabirds, pinnipeds, and sea otters were recorded only on low-altitude surveys. Sightings of cetaceans and turtles were recorded on both low- and high-altitude surveys. Seabird sightings were recorded only on the shaded side of the aircraft within a strip transect of 50 m width. Marine mammal and turtle sightings were recorded within an unbounded corridor on both high- and low-altitude surveys, but only the shaded side of the aircraft was searched on the low-altitude surveys. Cross-legs connecting standard transects were searched only on high-altitude surveys. Offshore cross-legs were searched on both sides of the aircraft, while only the nearshore side was searched on cross-legs along the coast. Declination angle was measured and noted for each marine mammal/turtle sightings and later used to calculate a probability density function of frequency with right-angle sighting distance. Navigation was by Loran and VLF-Omega.

Databases produced: Three databases of sightings at sea were produced by these studies (data on numbers of seabirds and pinnipeds on land were also collected but are not addressed in the present study). These include: 1) sightings of cetaceans and turtles recorded on 36 high-altitude aerial surveys, 2) sightings of cetaceans, pinnipeds, sea otters, and turtles recorded on 36 low-altitude aerial surveys, and 3) sightings of seabirds on 36 low-altitude aerial surveys. Each sighting database is accompanied by files providing the search effort on transect and environmental characteristics of the waters surveyed (e.g., sea surface temperature).

Purpose:
To determine species composition, distribution, abundance, and seasonal variation for marine mammal and seabird populations, provide a description of habitat use, and identify areas of special biological importance to these populations in the central and northern California study area.
Movement patterns of Peruvian Boobies off Isla Lobos de Tierra 2006

Keywords: Occurrence,Radio transmitters,Animal movements,Marine Animal Survey,Marine Biology,Seabirds,Animal tagging, Occurrence, Observation
Temporal coverage: 2006/2006

Original provider:
Carlos B. Zavalaga

Dataset credits:
Carlos B. Zavalaga

Abstract:
GPS loggers and time-depth recorders were used to haracterize the foraging behavior of the sexually dimorphic Peruvian booby Sula variegata on 2 islands in northern Peru. We evaluated whether (1) its foraging behavior differed from tropical boobies and temperate gannets (the Peruvian boobies feed in areas of enhanced productivity and high fish density), and (2) females and males exploited different foraging habitats as a consequence of size dimorphism. Birds foraged only during daylight hours, 1 to 3 times a day, in trips of short duration (median = 1.8 h). Overall, 92% of the total foraging time was spent flying. They fed exclusively on anchovetas Engraulis ringens, which were captured in shallow dives (median = 2.5 m, max = 8.8 m) with a dive median rate of 11 dives h–1 (max = 37 dives h–1). The median foraging range was 25 km (max = 68 km), whereas the median total distance traveled was 69 km (max = 179 km). Foraging site fidelity was high, and the orientation of foraging flights in any given day was similar among birds that departed at the same time. There were no sex-specific differences in 13 of 15 foraging variables; however, females dived slightly deeper and spent a larger proportion of time sitting on the water. We speculate that (1) the foraging behavior of Peruvian boobies contrasts with that of their tropical and temperate relatives as a result of the proximity and predictability of food sources, elevated energetic demands of the brood (up to 4 chicks) and high prey encounter rate in the Peruvian upwelling system, and (2) the lack of spatial segregation between sexes may be related to the attraction of birds to feeding aggregations that are formed in the vicinity of the colonies. Once the foraging patches are localized, females dive deeper because of passive mechanisms associated with a heavier mass.
SWFSC Marine Mammal Survey, ORCAWALE 2001, Cruise 1619

Keywords: Occurrence,Vessels,Sightings,Cetaceans,Whales,Dolphins,Population,Abundance,Survey,Census,CSCAPE,ORCAWALE, Observation, Occurrence
Temporal coverage: 2001/2001

Original provider:
NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC)

Dataset credits:
NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC)

Abstract:
The 2001 Oregon, California and Washington Line-Transect Experiment (ORCAWALE) was designed to estimate the abundance of and to describe the distribution of dolphins, whales, and porpoises off the west coast of the United States out to 300 nautical miles. This survey was conducted by the NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center aboard NOAA Ships <i>David Starr Jordan</i> and <i>McArthur</i> for a combined total of approximately 10,000 
kilometers surveyed from late July to early December 2001. This dataset provides the time-date and geographical coordinates, by species/stock, of all cetaceans detected during the survey, as well as the daily and intra-daily start and end points of the line-transect survey by the NOAA Ship <i>McArthur</i>.

Purpose:
The primary purpose of this survey was to estimate the abundance of and to describe the distribution of dolphins, whales, and porpoises off the west coast of the United States out to 300 nautical miles.

Supplemental information:
[2021-04-13] Updated with additional attributes.

SWFSC MMTD Cruise Number: 1619
Perpendicular distance will be released upon permission by the contributor. Please contact the contributor if needed.

Attribute descriptions for effort data:
dist: Length of the segment (km) 
Mode: Effort mode type (C = closing mode; P = passing mode)
Surveys of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) areal coverage on the South and East Coast of Tasmania, aggregated 1950-2019

Keywords: Occurrence, Observation
Temporal coverage: 1953/2019

This record describes an aggregated data product compiled from a number of different surveys of Macrocystis surface cover in Tasmanian waters, spanning 1950 to 2019. Some surveys represent a statewide census of Macrocystis cover, while others are targeted surveys of smaller regions. Methodology and data quality also varies between surveys. Please see linked metadata records for specific methodologies and quality statements applying to individual surveys.
Compiled by Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), University of Tasmania (UTAS). Data and metadata sourced from https://metadata.imas.utas.edu.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/metadata.show?uuid=c0e0fef6-323b-4df2-9f4f-51c0ce7ac289 Dec 2020.
JAX FIREX Aerial Monitoring April-May 2013

Keywords: Observation, Occurrence,Navy project,Aircraft,Sightings, Occurrence
Temporal coverage: 2013/2013

Original provider:
HDR Environmental, Operations and Construction, Inc.

Dataset credits:
The U.S. Navy Marine Species Monitoring Program

Abstract:
Aerial marine species monitoring occurred 29 April through 01 May 2013 for a Firing Exercise (FIREX) with Integrated Maritime Portable Acoustic Scoring and Simulator (IMPASS) event that occurred in the Jacksonville (JAX) Range Complex off the eastern coast of Florida within the United States (U.S.) Navy’s FIREX boxes BB and CC. These types of events occur periodically throughout the year and allow the U.S. Navy to fulfill essential training requirements.

Purpose:
not provided

Supplemental information:
[2014-07-02] The unit of Distance field was wrong in the metadata. It is in meters.
All the US Navy-funded survey datasets are found in the <a href="http://seamap.env.duke.edu/partner/NAVY">OBIS-SEAMAP US Navy</a> page.
Revealing migratory behaviour of South African leatherback turtles

Keywords: Observation, Occurrence,Marine Animal Survey,Marine Biology,Sea turtles,Animal tagging,Radio transmitters, Occurrence
Temporal coverage: 2011/2013

Original provider:
Nathan J. Robinson, The Leatherback Trust

Dataset credits:
Nathan J. Robinson, The Leatherback Trust

Abstract:
Previous studies have shown that the world’s largest reptile – the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea – conducts flexible foraging migrations that can cover thousands of kilometres between nesting 
sites and distant foraging areas. The vast distances that may be travelled by migrating leatherback turtles have greatly complicated conservation efforts for this species worldwide. However, we demonstrate, 
using a combination of satellite telemetry and stable isotope analysis, that approximately half of the nesting leatherbacks from an important rookery in South Africa do not migrate to distant foraging 
areas, but rather, forage in the coastal waters of the nearby Mozambique Channel. Moreover, this coastal cohort appears to remain resident year-round in shallow waters (&lt;50 m depth) in a relatively fixed 
area. Stable isotope analyses further indicate that the Mozambique Channel also hosts large numbers of loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta. The rare presence of a resident coastal aggregation of leatherback 
turtles not only presents a unique opportunity for conservation, but alongside the presence of loggerhead turtles and other endangered marine megafauna in the Mozambique Channel, highlights the 
importance of this area as a marine biodiversity hotspot.


Purpose:
The data were collected from nesting leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) that tracked via satellite transmitters from the iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa.

Supplemental information:
All the individuals were adult female leatherback turtles that were tagged while on their nesting beaches.

As these data have already been processed in a State-Space Model there is only one location per day and time is not available.
SEFSC Gomex Shelf 2001

Keywords: Occurrence, Observation, Occurrence,Marine Animal Survey,Marine Biology,Marine mammals,Seabirds,Sea turtles,Vessel,Visual Sighting
Temporal coverage: 2001/2001

Original provider:
NOAA Southeast Fisheries Science Center (SEFSC)

Dataset credits:
NOAA Southeast Fisheries Science Center (SEFSC)

Abstract:
Marine Animal Survey,Marine Biology,Marine mammals,Seabirds,Sea turtles,Vessel,Visual Sighting

Purpose:
Marine Animal Survey,Marine Biology,Marine mammals,Seabirds,Sea turtles,Vessel,Visual Sighting

Supplemental information:
[2020-09-30] The following invalid species names were corrected according to the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Bridled Tern: Sterna anaethetus (176897) =&gt; Onychoprion anaethetus (824104)
Gull-billed Tern: Sterna nilotica (176926) =&gt; Gelochelidon nilotica (176882)
Laughing Gull: Larus atricilla (176837) =&gt; Leucophaeus atricilla (824079)
Royal Tern: Sterna maxima (176922) =&gt; Thalasseus maximus (824142)
Sandwich Tern: Sterna sandvicensis (176927) =&gt; Thalasseus sandvicensis (176932)
Sooty Tern: Sterna fuscata (176894) =&gt; Onychoprion fuscatus (824105)
Victorian Biodiversity Atlas, Victoria, Australia (1900-2017) - marine records

Keywords: Occurrence, Observation
Temporal coverage: 1770/2016

The Department of Environment, Land, Water &amp; Planning works in partnership with a range of agencies and stakeholders to protect and preserve Victoria’s native landscape through a range of biodiversity, wildlife and community programs. We manage threatened species conservation and recovery, biodiversity research, invasive species, and climate change adaptation strategies. - See more at: http://www.delwp.vic.gov.au/environment-and-wildlife#sthash.giDedj4S.dpuf
The Victorian Biodiversity Atlas (VBA) is the web-based information system designed to manage information about native and naturalised species occurring in Victoria. The system includes species attribute information, including origin and conservation status, along with more than six million records of species distribution and abundance. All the published records have been through the verification process of the VBA which includes review by a panel of Victorian experts. The VBA includes the data submitted to DELWP from external sources as well as the Department’s own data collections from systematic surveys and general observations. For further information and access to the VBA please go to the DELWP website http://www.depi.vic.gov.au/environment-and-wildlife/biodiversity/victorian-biodiversity-atlas)
The VBA taxa has been validated using the World Register of Marine Species (http://www.marinespecies.org) and has been included in this dataset if it's habitat is marine. The field scientificnameId contains the WoRMS identifier.
Happywhale - Dusky Dolphin in South Pacific Ocean

Keywords: Observation, Occurrence,PhotoID;Visual sighting, Occurrence
Temporal coverage: 2009/2022, null/null

Original provider:
Happywhale

Dataset credits:
Happywhale and contributors

Abstract:
Happywhale.com is a resource to help you know whales as individuals, and to benefit conservation science with rich data about individual whales.

Supplemental information:
Sightings and images were submitted to Happywhale by contributors. A portion of the Happywhale data were transferred to OBIS-SEAMAP upon the agreement between Happywhale and OBIS-SEAMAP.

There may be duplicate records among Happywhale datasets and other OBIS-SEAMAP datasets. The precision of date/time vary per record. Some records have date accuracy up to year only.

This dataset includes sightings and photos from the following 2 contributors in alphabetic order:

Ricardo Matus; Sebastian Shaw
Dolphins and sea turtle monitoring in the Pelagie Archipelago (Italy) from 2004 to 2006

Keywords: Biological monitoring, Visual observation, Samplingevent
Temporal coverage: 2003/2006

In January 2004 the Life and System Biology Department of the University of Turin (Italy) started a systematic survey of the mega-fauna in the framework of the Life Project Del.Ta. NAT/IT/000163.
Dataset LAMPEDUSA_2004-2006 includes 3 years of effort (survey track) and sightings data of cetaceans and marine reptiles, collected from dedicated trained Marine Mammal Observers (MMOs) on board of an inflatable boat, in the Pelagie Archipelago (Sicily Strait, Mediterranean Sea). MMOs placed on both sides of the inflatable boat collected data following random and fixed transect, each observer covering an angle of 130° from the bow, and monitoring mega-fauna presence and distribution.
OTN Kintama Research Services: Seymour River steelhead smolts. - Tag Release Metadata, Kintama Research Services: Seymour River steelhead smolts.

Keywords: ACOUSTIC TAGS, Samplingevent, Occurrence, EARTH SCIENCE &gt; BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION &gt; ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES &gt; FISH, Observation
Temporal coverage: 2015/2015

This is the OBIS extraction of the OTN Kintama Research Services: Seymour River steelhead smolts. project, consisting only of the release tagging metadata. i.e. the locations  and dates of tagged animal release. If readers are  interested in the full source  dataset they should refer to the OTN web site  (members.oceantrack.org). Abstract: Fifty Seymour River steelhead smolts were double-tagged with VEMCO V9 and V4 acoustic transmitters, and then released in Malaspina Strait (east side of Texada Island in the Strait of Georgia) to migrate over acoustic arrays in the Salish Sea. The V9 transmitters allowed us to estimate early-marine survival through the northern Strait of Georgia and Discovery Islands, and provided a baseline estimate against which to evaluate the detection performance of the V4 transmitter (VEMCO’s newest, smallest transmitter). Cumulative survival over the ~170 km from release to Johnstone Strait was 46% (SE=7.0%).   Detection efficiency of the V4 was 74% (SE=10%) at the Discovery Island subarray compared to 100% for the V9 tags. Since the subarray was fully functional and the tags were operating within their warranted lifespan, we consider this to be a useful first estimate of what can be achieved with the V4 tags.An animation of the movements of the Seymour River steelhead smolts released in 2015 is available on our website (http://kintama.com/visualizations/).