鋸角毛竊蠹

鋸角毛竊蠹（学名：），俗稱菸甲蟲（、或），为毛竊蠹屬下的一个物种。毛竊蠹屬原為標本甲科（Anobiidae）的成員，今改屬蛛甲科。是貯藏食品中常見的有害生物。在全世界有着廣泛的分佈，常見於乾貨中，以乾燥後的動植物質（例如：毛皮、煙草等）為食。

形態描述
本物種體長只有2–3 mm，棕色。能飛行，壽命兩星期到六星期，成蟲後不進食。
儘管本物種俗稱為「菸甲蟲」，但本物種不只出現於烟草類產品及其半製成品內，也見於植物油的油籽、穀物、乾果、藥用鼠尾草、麵粉及部分動物製品之內。雌蟲每次產卵數量約一百隻。蟲卵孵化後就以產卵處所在的物質為食。整個生命週期在37攝氏度的環境只需26天完成；而在20攝氏度的環境就要120天。本物種不耐冷，在4攝氏度的環境，成蟲會在6天內死亡；而蟲卵在0–5 °C的環境會於5天後死亡。

甲蟲體內帶有共生酵母Symbiotaphrina kochii，而這種共生酵母會在產卵時附在卵的表面，當蟲卵孵化後共生酵母會被幼蟲帶進體內，然後到成蟲後貯存於體內一個連接至其腸臟的特別器官mycetome之內  The yeast cells assist in the digestion of less nutritious foods, supply needed B-vitamins and sterols, and provide resistance to certain toxins.。

Control in commercial/industrial settings

Insect monitoring traps are available for L. serricorne, which contain specific 信息素 to attract male beetles, and help detect and monitor infestations. Infested bulk tobacco in the form of bales or hogsheads can be fumigated using 溴甲烷 or 磷化氢.

Dosage rates and treatment times with methyl bromide are 20 grams/m3 at 21 °C above and 32 grams/m3 for 48–72 hours at 7–20 °C. Methyl bromide is not recommended for 雪茄 tobacco since it can produce off odours in the product.

With phosphine dosage rates are one gram of phosphine (equivalent to a 3-gram table) per m3 for 5 days at 12–15 °C and 4 days at 16–20 °C and 3 days above 20 °C.

For localised or household-level infestations the preferred control measure is to find the infested product, dispose of it, and treat around the area with a residual insecticide such as 氯氰菊酯 to kill off any remaining beetles.

參考文獻

外部連結
 What is the Tobacco Beetle? 
 Cornell Cooperative Extension Fact Sheet 
cigarette beetle  on the 佛罗里达大学 /  Featured Creatures Web site
ZinRus  High resolution photo

Woodboring beetles
Anobiidae
Beetles described in 1792
serricorne
蛛甲科