幽靈蛛科

幽靈蛛科（學名：），是蜘蛛目中的一個科，其下的物種通稱為幽靈蜘蛛，是家中常見的蜘蛛。

特徵 
幽靈蜘蛛體態纖細，腿部細長，所以在英語中又被稱為「長腿叔叔」(daddy longlegs)。外貌與盲蛛相似，外觀容易混淆。幽靈蜘蛛體型小、看似纖細，但這些特點卻有益於幽靈蜘蛛捕食獵物，甚至是同類。幽靈蜘蛛通常使用纖長的腿把獵物制住，確保獵物停留在攻擊範圍內。幽靈蜘蛛有一對毒牙，毒性並不強。當幽靈蜘蛛遇上危險，會以上下及左右的擺幅來避開攻擊。
較常見的幽靈蜘蛛大多利用腹部使力，上下搖動。
幽靈蜘蛛喜歡吃比自己大型的蜘蛛，牠們自然界的天敵有蜈蚣和大蘭多毒蛛等。

分佈 
幽靈蜘蛛算是世界上分佈十分廣泛的蜘蛛，從極北的堪察加半島到有世界屋脊之稱的青藏高原，最後到靠近南極的火地島均能找到牠的蹤跡，目前全世界只有南極州、冰島、格陵蘭島和加拿大極北之地沒有幽靈蜘蛛的存在。

屬 
截至西元2015年11月，認可了以下的屬：
{{common taxon list|italic=yes
||Aetana |Huber, 2005
||Anansus |Huber, 2007
||Anopsicus |Chamberlin & Ivie, 1938
|熱帶蛛屬 |Artema |Walckenaer, 1837
||Aucana |Huber, 2000
||Aymaria |Huber, 2000
||Belisana |Thorell, 1898
||Blancoa |Huber, 2000
||Buitinga |Huber, 2003
||Calapnita |Simon, 1892
 Calapnita bariengi Huber, 2017
 Calapnita bario Huber, 2017
 Calapnita bohoi Huber, 2017
 Calapnita bugis Huber, 2017
 Calapnita dayak Huber, 2017
 Calapnita dinagat Huber, 2017
 Calapnita lawangan Huber, 2017
 Calapnita loksado Huber, 2017
 Calapnita longa Yao & Li, 2013
 Calapnita mae Huber, 2017
 Calapnita magaseng Huber, 2017
 Calapnita maragusan Huber, 2017
 Calapnita nunezae Huber, 2017
 Calapnita saluang Huber, 2011
 Calapnita vermiformis Simon, 1892
||Canaima |Huber, 2000
||Carapoia |González-Sponga, 1998
 Carapoia abdita Huber, 2016
 Carapoia agilis Huber, 2018
 Carapoia alagoas Huber, 2016
 Carapoia bispina Huber, 2018
 Carapoia brescoviti Huber, 2005
 Carapoia cambridgei (Mello-Leitão, 1947)
 Carapoia capixaba Huber, 2016
 Carapoia carvalhoi Huber, 2016
 Carapoia carybei Huber, 2016
 Carapoia crasto Huber, 2005
 Carapoia dandarae Huber, 2016
 Carapoia divisa Huber, 2016
 Carapoia djavani Huber, 2018
 Carapoia exigua Huber, 2018
 Carapoia fowleri Huber, 2000
 Carapoia genitalis (Moenkhaus, 1898)
 Carapoia gracilis Huber, 2016
 Carapoia jiboia Huber, 2016
 Carapoia kaxinawa Huber, 2018
 Carapoia levii (Huber, 2000)
 Carapoia lutea (Keyserling, 1891)
 Carapoia macacu Huber, 2016
 Carapoia maculata Huber, 2018
 Carapoia marceloi Huber, 2016
 Carapoia mirim Huber, 2016
 Carapoia munduruku Huber, 2018
 Carapoia nairae Huber, 2016
 Carapoia ocaina Huber, 2000
 Carapoia paraguaensis González-Sponga, 1998
 Carapoia patafina Huber, 2016
 Carapoia pau Huber, 2016
 Carapoia pulchra Huber, 2018
 Carapoia rheimsae Huber, 2005
 Carapoia rubra Huber, 2018
 Carapoia saltinho Huber, 2016
 Carapoia septentrionalis Huber, 2016
 Carapoia suassunai Huber, 2018
 Carapoia tapajos Huber, 2018
 Carapoia tenuis Huber, 2018
 Carapoia ubatuba Huber, 2005
 Carapoia una Huber, 2005
 Carapoia utinga Huber, 2018
 Carapoia viridis Huber, 2016
 Carapoia voltavelha Huber, 2016
 Carapoia zumbii Huber, 2016
||Cenemus |Saaristo, 2001
||Chibchea |Huber, 2000
||Chichiriviche |González-Sponga, 2011b
||Chisosa |Huber, 2000
||Ciboneya |Pérez, 2001
||Codazziella |González-Sponga, 2005
||Coryssocnemis |Simon, 1893
|壺蛛屬 |Crossopriza |Simon, 1893
||Enetea |Huber, 2000
||Galapa |Huber, 2000
||Gertschiola |Brignoli, 1981
||Guaranita |Huber, 2000
||Holocneminus |Berland, 1942
||Holocnemus |Simon, 1873
||Hoplopholcus |Kulczy?ski, 1908
||Ibotyporanga |Mello-Leitão, 1944
||Ixchela |Huber, 2000
||Kambiwa |Huber, 2000
|呵叻蛛属 |Khorata |Huber, 2005
||Leptopholcus |Simon, 1893
||Litoporus |Simon, 1893
||Mecolaesthus |Simon, 1893
||Mesabolivar |González-Sponga, 1998
||Metagonia |Simon, 1893
||Micromerys |Bradley, 1877
||Micropholcus |Deeleman-Reinhold & Prinsen, 1987
||Modisimus |Simon, 1893
||Nerudia |Huber, 2000
||Ninetis |Simon, 1890
||Nita |Huber & El-Hennawy, 2007
||Nyikoa |Huber, 2007
||Ossinissa |Dimitrov & Ribera, 2005
||Otavaloa |Huber, 2000
||Panjange |Deeleman-Reinhold & Deeleman, 1983
||Papiamenta |Huber, 2000
||Paramicromerys |Millot, 1946
||Pehrforsskalia |Deeleman-Reinhold & van Harten, 2001
||Pholcophora |Banks, 1896
|幽靈蛛屬 |Pholcus |Walckenaer, 1805
||Physocyclus |Simon, 1893
||Pisaboa |Huber, 2000
||Platnicknia |Özdikmen & Demir, 2009
||Pomboa |Huber, 2000
||Priscula |Simon, 1893
||Psilochorus |Simon, 1893
||Quamtana |Huber, 2003
||Queliceria |González-Sponga, 2003
||Savarna |Huber, 2005
||Sihala |Huber, 2011
||Smeringopina |Kraus, 1957
|怒蛛屬 |Smeringopus |Simon, 1890
|六眼幽靈蛛屬 |Spermophora |Hentz, 1841
||Spermophorides |Wunderlich, 1992
||Stenosfemuraia |González-Sponga, 1998
||Stygopholcus |Absolon & Kratochvíl, 1932
||Systenita |Simon, 1893
||Tainonia |Huber, 2000
||Tangguoa |Yao & Li, 2021
 来宾唐果蛛 Tangguoa laibin Yao & Li, 2021
 铜鼓岭唐果蛛 Tangguoa tongguling Yao & Li, 2021
||Teuia |Huber, 2000
||Tibetia |Zhang, Zhu & Song, 2006
||Tolteca |Huber, 2000
||Trichocyclus |Simon, 1908
||Tupigea |Huber, 2000
||Uthina |Simon, 1893
||Wanniyala |Huber & Benjamin, 2005
||Waunana |Huber, 2000
 Waunana anchicaya Huber, 2000
 Waunana eberhardi Huber, 2000
 Waunana modesta (Banks, 1929)
 Waunana tulcan Huber, 2000
||Wugigarra |Huber, 2001
||Zatavua |Huber, 2003
}}

 參考文獻 

 Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Machado, G. & Giribet, G (eds.) (2007) Harvestmen – The Biology of Opiliones''. Harvard University Press 

 
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