罗伯特·格雷夫斯

罗伯特·冯兰克·格雷夫斯（，），英国诗人，学者，小说家暨翻译家。专门从事古希腊和罗马作品的研究。在他漫长的一生中，他创作了140余部作品。他的回忆录《向一切告别》（1929年）讲述了他在第一次世界大战中的经历。他被誉为最优秀的英语爱情诗诗人。

他以写作为生,他的《耶稣王》（King Jesus）、关于古罗马皇帝克劳狄的两部曲《我，克劳迪亚斯》（I， Claudius）与《被神化的克劳狄和他的妻子梅萨利纳》（Claudius the God and His Wife Messalina）、以及拜占庭帝国伯爵的生平故事《贝利萨里乌斯伯爵》（Count Belisarius）是特别受欢迎的历史小说。他也是一个杰出的古典拉丁语和古希腊文的翻译家，1934年格雷夫斯因小说《我，克劳迪斯》被授予詹姆斯·泰特·布莱克纪念奖。

作品

诗集
 Country Sentiment, New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 1920
 Over the Brazier. London: William Heinemann, 1923; New York: Alfred. A. Knopf, 1923.
 The Feather Bed. Richmond, Surrey: Hogarth Press, 1923.
 Mock Beggar Hall. London: Hogarth Press, 1924.
 Welchmans Hose. London: The Fleuron, 1925.
 Poems. London: Ernest Benn, 1925.
 The Marmosites Miscellany (as John Doyle). London: Hogarth Press, 1925.
 Poems (1914–1926). London: William Heinemann, 1927; Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1929.
 Poems (1914–1927). London: William Heinemann
 To Whom Else? Deyá, Majorca: Seizin Press, 1931.
 Poems 1930–1933. London: Arthur Barker, 1933.
 Collected Poems. London: Cassell, 1938; New York: Random House, 1938.
 No More Ghosts: Selected Poems. London: Faber & Faber, 1940.
 Work in Hand, with Norman Cameron and Alan Hodge. London: Hogarth Press, 1942.
 Poems. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1943.
 Poems 1938–1945. London: Cassell, 1945; New York: Creative Age Press, 1946.
 Collected Poems (1914–1947). London: Cassell, 1948.
 Poems and Satires. London: Cassell, 1951.
 Poems 1953. London: Cassell, 1953.
 Collected Poems 1955. New York: Doubleday, 1955.
 Poems Selected by Himself. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1957; rev. 1961, 1966, 1972, 1978.
 The Poems of Robert Graves. New York: Doubleday, 1958.
 Collected Poems 1959. London: Cassell, 1959.
 The Penny Fiddle: Poems for Children. London: Cassell, 1960; New York: Doubleday, 1961.
 More Poems 1961. London: Cassell, 1961.
 Collected Poems. New York: Doubleday, 1961.
 New Poems 1962. London: Cassell, 1962; as New Poems. New York: Doubleday, 1963.
 The More Deserving Cases: Eighteen Old Poems for Reconsideration. Marlborough College Press, 1962.
 Man Does, Woman Is. London: Cassell, 1964/New York:Doubleday, 1964.
 Ann at Highwood Hall: Poems for Children. London: Cassell, 1964.
 Love Respelt. London: Cassell, 1965/New York: Doubleday, 1966.
 One Hard Look, 1965
 Collected Poems, 1965. London: Cassell, 1965.
 Seventeen Poems Missing from "Love Respelt". privately printed, 1966.
 Colophon to "Love Respelt". Privately printed, 1967.
 Poems 1965–1968. London: Cassell, 1968; New York: Doubleday, 1969.
 Poems About Love. London: Cassell, 1969; New York: Doubleday, 1969.
 Love Respelt Again. New York: Doubleday, 1969.
 Beyond Giving. privately printed, 1969.
 Poems 1968–1970. London: Cassell, 1970; New York: Doubleday, 1971.
 The Green-Sailed Vessel. privately printed, 1971.
 Poems: Abridged for Dolls and Princes. London: Cassell, 1971.
 Poems 1970–1972. London: Cassell, 1972; New York: Doubleday, 1973.
 Deyá, A Portfolio. London: Motif Editions, 1972.
 Timeless Meeting: Poems. privately printed, 1973.
 At the Gate. privately printed, London, 1974.
 Collected Poems 1975. London: Cassell, 1975.
 New Collected Poems. New York: Doubleday, 1977.
 Selected Poems, ed. Paul O'Prey. London: Penguin, 1986
 The Centenary Selected Poems, ed. Patrick Quinn. Manchester: Carcanet Press, 1995.
  Complete Poems Volume 1, ed. Beryl Graves and Dunstan Ward. Manchester: Carcanet Press, 1995.
  Complete Poems Volume 2, ed. Beryl Graves and Dunstan Ward. Manchester: Carcanet Press, 1996.
  Complete Poems Volume 3, ed. Beryl Graves and Dunstan Ward. Manchester: Carcanet Press, 1999.
  The Complete Poems in One Volume, ed. Beryl Graves and Dunstan Ward. Manchester: Carcanet Press, 2000.

小说
 My Head! My Head!. London: Secker, 1925; Alfred. A. Knopf, New York, 1925.
 The Shout. London: Mathews & Marrot, 1929.
 No Decency Left. (with Laura Riding) (as Barbara Rich). London: Jonathan Cape, 1932.
 The Real David Copperfield. London: Arthur Barker, 1933; as David Copperfield, by Charles Dickens, Condensed by Robert Graves, ed. M. P. Paine. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1934.
 I, Claudius. London: Arthur Barker, 1934; New York: Smith & Haas, 1934.
 Sequel: Claudius the God and his Wife Messalina. London: Arthur Barker, 1934; New York: Smith & Haas, 1935.
 Antigua, Penny, Puce. Deyá, Majorca/London: Seizin Press/Constable, 1936; New York: Random House, 1937.
 Count Belisarius. London: Cassell, 1938: Random House, New York, 1938.
 Sergeant Lamb of the Ninth. London: Methuen, 1940; as Sergeant Lamb's America. New York: Random House, 1940.
 Sequel: Proceed, Sergeant Lamb. London: Methuen, 1941; New York: Random House, 1941.
 The Story of Marie Powell: Wife to Mr. Milton. London: Cassell, 1943; as Wife to Mr Milton: The Story of Marie Powell. New York: Creative Age Press, 1944.
 The Golden Fleece. London: Cassell, 1944; as Hercules, My Shipmate, New York: Creative Age Press, 1945.
 King Jesus. New York: Creative Age Press, 1946; London: Cassell, 1946.
 Watch the North Wind Rise. New York: Creative Age Press, 1949; as Seven Days in New Crete. London: Cassell, 1949.
 The Islands of Unwisdom. New York: Doubleday, 1949; as The Isles of Unwisdom. London: Cassell, 1950.
 Homer's Daughter. London: Cassell, 1955; New York: Doubleday, 1955.
 Catacrok! Mostly Stories, Mostly Funny. London: Cassell, 1956.
 They Hanged My Saintly Billy. London: Cassell, 1957; New York: Doubleday, 1957.
 Collected Short Stories. Doubleday: New York, 1964; Cassell, London, 1965.
 An Ancient Castle. London: Peter Owen, 1980.

其他作品
 On English Poetry. New York: Alfred. A. Knopf, 1922; London: Heinemann, 1922.
 The Meaning of Dreams. London: Cecil Palmer, 1924; New York: Greenberg, 1925.
 Poetic Unreason and Other Studies. London: Cecil Palmer, 1925.
 Contemporary Techniques of Poetry: A Political Analogy. London: Hogarth Press, 1925.
 Another Future of Poetry. London: Hogarth Press, 1926.
 Impenetrability or The Proper Habit of English. London: Hogarth Press, 1927.
 The English Ballad: A Short Critical Survey. London: Ernest Benn, 1927; revised as English and Scottish Ballads. London: William Heinemann, 1957; New York: Macmillan, 1957.
 Lars Porsena or The Future of Swearing and Improper Language. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1927; E. P. Dutton, New York, 1927; revised as The Future of Swearing and Improper Language. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1936.A Survey of Modernist Poetry (with Laura Riding). London: William Heinemann, 1927; New York: Doubleday, 1928.
 Lawrence and the Arabs. London: Jonathan Cape, 1927; as Lawrence and the Arabian Adventure. New York: Doubleday, 1928.
 A Pamphlet Against Anthologies (with Laura Riding). London: Jonathan Cape, 1928; as Against Anthologies. New York: Doubleday, 1928.
 Mrs. Fisher or The Future of Humour. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1928.
 Good-bye to All That: An Autobiography. London: Jonathan Cape, 1929; New York: Jonathan Cape and Smith, 1930; rev., New York: Doubleday, 1957; London: Cassell, 1957; Penguin: Harmondsworth, 1960.
 But It Still Goes On: An Accumulation. London: Jonathan Cape, 1930; New York: Jonathan Cape and Smith, 1931.
 T. E. Lawrence to His Biographer Robert Graves. New York: Doubleday, 1938; London: Faber & Faber, 1939.
 The Long Weekend (with Alan Hodge). London: Faber & Faber, 1940; New York: Macmillan, 1941.
 The Reader Over Your Shoulder (with Alan Hodge). London: Jonathan Cape, 1943; New York: Macmillan, 1943.
 The White Goddess. London: Faber & Faber, 1948; New York: Creative Age Press, 1948; rev., London: Faber & Faber, 1952, 1961; New York: Alfred. A. Knopf, 1958.
 The Common Asphodel: Collected Essays on Poetry 1922–1949. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1949.
 Occupation: Writer. New York: Creative Age Press, 1950; London: Cassell, 1951.
 The Golden Ass of Apuleius, New York: Farrar, Straus, 1951.
 The Nazarene Gospel Restored (with Joshua Podro). London: Cassell, 1953; New York: Doubleday, 1954.
 The Greek Myths. London: Penguin, 1955; Baltimore: Penguin, 1955.
 The Crowning Privilege: The Clark Lectures, 1954–1955. London: Cassell, 1955; New York: Doubleday, 1956.
 Adam's Rib. London: Trianon Press, 1955; New York: Yoseloff, 1958.
 Jesus in Rome (with Joshua Podro). London: Cassell, 1957.
 Steps. London: Cassell, 1958.
 5 Pens in Hand. New York: Doubleday, 1958.
 The Anger of Achilles. New York: Doubleday, 1959.
 Food for Centaurs. New York: Doubleday, 1960.
 Greek Gods and Heroes. New York: Doubleday, 1960; as Myths of Ancient Greece. London: Cassell, 1961.
 Selected Poetry and Prose (ed. James Reeves). London: Hutchinson, 1961.
 Oxford Addresses on Poetry. London: Cassell, 1962; New York: Doubleday, 1962.
 The Siege and Fall of Troy. London: Cassell, 1962; New York: Doubleday, 1963.
 The Big Green Book. New York: Crowell Collier, 1962; Penguin: Harmondsworth, 1978. Illustrated by Maurice Sendak
 Hebrew Myths. The Book of Genesis (with Raphael Patai). New York: Doubleday, 1964; London: Cassell, 1964.
 Majorca Observed. London: Cassell, 1965; New York: Doubleday, 1965.
 Mammon and the Black Goddess. London: Cassell, 1965; New York: Doubleday, 1965.
 Two Wise Children. New York: Harlin Quist, 1966; London: Harlin Quist, 1967.
 The Rubaiyyat of Omar Khayyam (with Omar Ali-Shah). London: Cassell, 1967.
 Poetic Craft and Principle. London: Cassell, 1967.
 The Poor Boy Who Followed His Star. London: Cassell, 1968; New York: Doubleday, 1969.
 Greek Myths and Legends. London: Cassell, 1968.
 The Crane Bag. London: Cassell, 1969.
 On Poetry: Collected Talks and Essays. New York: Doubleday, 1969.
 Difficult Questions, Easy Answers. London: Cassell, 1972; New York: Doubleday, 1973.
 In Broken Images: Selected Letters 1914–1946, ed. Paul O'Prey. London: Hutchinson, 1982
 Between Moon and Moon: Selected Letters 1946–1972, ed. Paul O'Prey. London: Hutchinson, 1984
 Collected Writings on Poetry, ed. Paul O'Prey, Manchester: Carcanet Press, 1995.
 Complete Short Stories, ed. Lucia Graves, Manchester: Carcanet Press, 1995.
 Some Speculations on Literature, History, and Religion, ed. Patrick Quinn, Manchester: Carcanet Press, 2000.
 5 November address, X magazine, Volume One, Number Three, June 1960;  An Anthology from X (Oxford University Press 1988).

参考

来源
罗伯特·格雷夫斯 (1960) 《向一切告别》， London: Penguin.
西摩，米兰达（1995）“罗伯特·格雷夫斯，生命的边缘”， London: Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-40860-9

外部链接

 罗伯特·格雷夫斯网站 
 诗歌基金会简介 
 简介，诗歌和音频在poets.org 
 简介，诗歌和音频在诗歌档案
 格雷夫斯的肖像馆

作品和档案
 罗伯特·格雷夫斯的数字档案  - 牛津大学
 罗伯特·格雷夫斯档案 - 维多利亚大学
 罗伯特·格雷夫斯论文  - 南伊利诺伊大学卡本代尔特别典藏研究中心
 罗伯特·格雷夫斯论文 - 牛津大学圣约翰学院档案中心

文章和访谈
 1965年英国广播公司电视采访  (29分钟)
 
 Pegasos article 罗伯特·格雷夫斯
 Article by Robert H. Canary, "Utopian and Fantastic Dualities in Robert Graves's Watch the North Wind Rise" 

伦敦默顿区人
薩里郡軍人
英格蘭小說家
德國裔英格蘭人
英格蘭詩人
母權制
詹姆斯·泰特·布莱克纪念奖获得者
第一次世界大战英国陆军人士
英格兰纪实文学男作家
20世纪无神论者