乳桿菌屬

乳桿菌屬（）即為乳酸桿菌，是一種存在於人類體內的益生菌。乳桿菌因能夠將碳水化合物發酵成乳酸而得名，可用於製造液态酸奶、固态奶酪、德國酸菜、啤酒、葡萄酒、泡菜、醃漬食品和其他發酵食品。益生菌能夠幫助消化，有助人體腸臟的健康，因此酸奶被視為健康食品。

物種 
本属包括以下物种：
 耐酸乳杆菌 Lactobacillus acetotolerans Entani et al., 1986
 Lactobacillus acidifarinae Vancanneyt et al., 2005
 Lactobacillus acidipiscis Tanasupawat et al., 2000
 嗜酸乳桿菌 Lactobacillus acidophilus'' (Moro, 1900) Hansen & Mocquot, 1970，嗜酸杆菌
 嗜酸产气乳杆菌 Lactobacillus acidophil-aerogenes，嗜酸产气杆菌，嗜酸产气乳杆菌
 嗜酸病原乳杆菌 Lactobacillus acidophilus-pathogenes 敏捷乳杆菌 Lactobacillus agilis Weiss et al., 1982
 嗜醇乳杆菌 Lactobacillus alcoholphilus
 Lactobacillus algidus Kato et al., 2000
 Lactobacillus alimentarius
 Lactobacillus amylolyticus Bohak et al., 1999
 Lactobacillus amylophilus Nakamura & Crowell, 1981
 Lactobacillus amylovorus Nakamura, 1981
 Lactobacillus animalis Dent & Williams, 1983
 Lactobacillus antri Roos et al., 2005
 Lactobacillus apinorum Olofsson et al., 2014
 Lactobacillus apis Killer et al., 2014
 Lactobacillus apodemi Osawa et al., 2006
 Lactobacillus aquaticus Mañes-Lázaro et al., 2009
 Lactobacillus aviarius Fujisawa et al., 1985
 Lactobacillus backii Tohno et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus bifermentans
 Lactobacillus bombi Killer et al., 2014
 Lactobacillus bombicola Praet et al., 2015
 Lactobacillus brantae Volokhov et al., 2012
 短乳桿菌 Lactobacillus brevis (Orla-Jensen, 1919) Bergey et al., 1934
 Lactobacillus buchneri (Henneberg, 1903) Bergey et al., 1923
 Lactobacillus cacaonum De Bruyne et al., 2009
 Lactobacillus camelliae Tanasupawat et al., 2007
 Lactobacillus capillatus Chao et al., 2008
 乾酪乳桿菌 Lactobacillus casei (Orla-Jensen, 1916) Hansen & Lessel, 1971
 Lactobacillus caviae Killer et al., 2017
 Lactobacillus cerevisiae Koob et al., 2017
 Lactobacillus ceti Monteros, Goyache, Herraez, Tames, Cruz, Dominguez & Fernandez-Garayzabal, 2008
 Lactobacillus ceti Vela et al., 2008
 Lactobacillus coleohominis Nikolaitchouk et al., 2001
 Lactobacillus colini Zhang et al., 2017
 Lactobacillus collinoides Carr & Davies, 1972
 Lactobacillus composti Endo & Okada, 2007
 Lactobacillus concavus Tong & Dong, 2005
 Lactobacillus coryniformis Abo-Elnaga & Kandler, 1965
 Lactobacillus crispatus (Brygoo & Aladame, 1953) Moore & Holdeman, 1970
 Lactobacillus crustorum Scheirlinck et al., 2007
 Lactobacillus curieae Lei et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus curvatus (Troili-Petersson, 1903) Abo-Elnaga & Kandler, 1965
 德氏乳桿菌 (L.delbrueckii)
 德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种 Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus，保加利亚乳杆菌
 德氏乳杆菌指名亚种 Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii
 Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis
 Lactobacillus dextrinicus (Coster & White, 1964) Haakensen et al., 2009
 Lactobacillus diolivorans Krooneman et al., 2002
 Lactobacillus equi Morotomi et al., 2002
 Lactobacillus equicursoris Morita et al., 2010
 Lactobacillus equigenerosi Endo et al., 2008
 Lactobacillus fabifermentans De Bruyne et al., 2009
 Lactobacillus faecis Endo et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus farciminis
 Lactobacillus farraginis Endo & Okada, 2007
 发酵乳杆菌 Lactobacillus fermentum Beijerinck, 1901
 Lactobacillus floricola Kawasaki et al., 2011
 Lactobacillus florum Endo et al., 2010
 Lactobacillus formosensis Chang et al., 2015
 Lactobacillus fornicalis Dicks et al., 2000
 Lactobacillus fructivorans Charlton et al., 1934
 Lactobacillus frumenti Müller et al., 2000
 Lactobacillus fuchuensis Sakala et al., 2002
 Lactobacillus furfuricola Irisawa et al., 2014
 Lactobacillus futsaii Chao et al., 2012
 Lactobacillus gallinarum Fujisawa et al., 1992
 戈氏乳杆菌 Lactobacillus gasseri Lauer & Kandler, 1980
 Lactobacillus gastricus Roos et al., 2005
 加纳乳杆菌 Lactobacillus ghanensis Nielsen et al., 2007
 Lactobacillus gigeriorum Cousin et al., 2012
 Lactobacillus gorillae Tsuchida et al., 2014
 Lactobacillus graminis Beck et al., 1989
 Lactobacillus hammesii Valcheva et al., 2005
 Lactobacillus hamsteri Mitsuoka & Fujisawa, 1988
 哈尔滨乳杆菌 Lactobacillus harbinensis Miyamoto et al., 2006
 Lactobacillus hayakitensis Morita et al., 2007
 黑龙江乳杆菌 Lactobacillus heilongjiangensis Gu et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus helsingborgensis Olofsson et al., 2014
 Lactobacillus helveticus (Orla-Jensen, 1919) Bergey et al., 1925
 Lactobacillus herbarum Mao et al., 2015
 Lactobacillus hilgardii Douglas & Cruess, 1936
 Lactobacillus hokkaidonensis Tohno et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus hominis Cousin et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus hordei Rouse et al., 2008
 惰性乳杆菌 Lactobacillus iners Falsen et al., 1999
 Lactobacillus ingluviei Baele et al., 2003
 Lactobacillus insicii Ehrmann et al., 2016
 Lactobacillus intestinalis
 Lactobacillus iwatensis Tohno et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus ixorae Techo et al., 2016
 Lactobacillus jensenii Gasser et al., 1970
 约翰逊乳杆菌 Lactobacillus johnsonii Fujisawa et al., 1992
 Lactobacillus kalixensis Roos et al., 2005
 Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens Fujisawa et al., 1988
 Lactobacillus kefiri Kandler & Kunath, 1983
 Lactobacillus kimbladii
 Lactobacillus kimchicus Liang et al., 2011
 Lactobacillus kimchiensis Kim et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus kisonensis Watanabe et al., 2009
 Lactobacillus kitasatonis Mukai et al., 2003
 朝鲜乳杆菌 Lactobacillus koreensis Bui et al., 2011
 Lactobacillus kullabergensis Olofsson et al., 2014
 Lactobacillus kunkeei Edwards et al., 1998
 Lactobacillus lindneri
 Lactobacillus malefermentans
 Lactobacillus mali Carr & Davies, 1970
 Lactobacillus manihotivorans Morlon-Guyot et al., 1998
 Lactobacillus mellifer Olofsson et al., 2014
 Lactobacillus mellis Olofsson et al., 2014
 Lactobacillus melliventris Olofsson et al., 2014
 Lactobacillus mindensis Ehrmann et al., 2003
 Lactobacillus mixtipabuli Tohno et al., 2015
 Lactobacillus modestisalitolerans Miyashita et al., 2015
 Lactobacillus mucosae Roos et al., 2000
 牡丹江乳杆菌 Lactobacillus mudanjiangensis Gu et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus mulieris
 Lactobacillus murinus Hemme et al., 1982
 Lactobacillus nagelii Edwards et al., 2000
 Lactobacillus namurensis Scheirlinck et al., 2007
 Lactobacillus nantensis Valcheva et al., 2006
 Lactobacillus nasuensis Cai et al., 2012
 嫩江乳桿菌 Lactobacillus nenjiangensis Gu et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus nodensis Kashiwagi et al., 2009
 Lactobacillus odoratitofui Chao et al., 2010
 Lactobacillus oeni Mañes-Lázaro et al., 2009
 Lactobacillus oligofermentans Koort et al., 2005
 Lactobacillus oris Farrow & Collins, 1988
 Lactobacillus oryzae Tohno et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus otakiensis Watanabe et al., 2009
 Lactobacillus ozensis Kawasaki et al., 2011
 Lactobacillus panis Wiese et al., 1996
 Lactobacillus panisapium
 Lactobacillus pantheris Liu & Dong, 2002
 Lactobacillus parabrevis Vancanneyt et al., 2006
 Lactobacillus parabuchneri Farrow et al., 1989
 Lactobacillus paracasei Collins et al., 1989
 Lactobacillus paracollinoides Suzuki et al., 2004
 Lactobacillus parafarraginis Endo & Okada, 2007
 Lactobacillus paragasseri
 Lactobacillus parakefiri Takizawa et al., 1994
 Lactobacillus paralimentarius Cai et al., 1999
 Lactobacillus paraplantarum Curk et al., 1996
 Lactobacillus pasteurii Cousin et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus paucivorans Ehrmann et al., 2010
 Lactobacillus pentosiphilus Tohno et al., 2017
 Lactobacillus pentosus
 Lactobacillus perolens Back et al., 2000
 Lactobacillus plajomi Miyashita et al., 2015
 植物乳杆菌 Lactobacillus plantarum (Orla-Jensen, 1919) Bergey et al., 1923
 Lactobacillus pobuzihii Chen et al., 2010
 Lactobacillus pontis Vogel et al., 1994
 Lactobacillus porci
 Lactobacillus porcinae Nguyen et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus psittaci Lawson et al., 2001
 Lactobacillus rapi Watanabe et al., 2009
 Lactobacillus rennini Chenoll et al., 2006
 Lactobacillus reuteri Kandler et al., 1982
 鼠李糖乳桿菌 Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Hansen, 1968) Collins et al., 1989
 Lactobacillus rodentium Killer et al., 2014
 Lactobacillus rogosae Holdeman & Moore, 1974
 Lactobacillus rossiae Corsetti et al., 2005
 Lactobacillus ruminis Sharpe et al., 1973
 Lactobacillus saerimneri Pedersen & Roos, 2004
 Lactobacillus sakei Katagiri et al., 1934
 唾液乳桿菌 Lactobacillus salivarius Rogosa et al., 1953
 旧金山乳桿菌 Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis
 Lactobacillus saniviri Oki et al., 2012
 Lactobacillus satsumensis Endo & Okada, 2005
 Lactobacillus secaliphilus Ehrmann et al., 2007
 Lactobacillus selangorensis (Leisner et al., 2000) Haakensen et al., 2011
 Lactobacillus senioris Oki et al., 2012
 Lactobacillus senmaizukei Hiraga et al., 2008
 Lactobacillus sharpeae Weiss et al., 1982
 深圳乳桿菌 Lactobacillus shenzhenensis Zou et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus sicerae Puertas et al., 2014
 Lactobacillus silagei Tohno et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus silagincola Tohno et al., 2017
 Lactobacillus siliginis Aslam et al., 2006
 相似乳桿菌 Lactobacillus similis Kitahara et al., 2010
 松花江乳桿菌 Lactobacillus songhuajiangensis Gu et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus spicheri Meroth et al., 2004
 Lactobacillus suantsaicola Lin et al., 2020
 Lactobacillus sucicola Irisawa & Okada, 2009
 Lactobacillus suebicus Kleynmans et al., 1989
 Lactobacillus sunkii Watanabe et al., 2009
 台湾乳桿菌 Lactobacillus taiwanensis Wang et al., 2009
 泰国乳桿菌 Lactobacillus thailandensis Tanasupawat et al., 2007
 Lactobacillus tucceti Chenoll et al., 2009
 Lactobacillus ultunensis Roos et al., 2005
 Lactobacillus uvarum Mañes-Lázaro et al., 2009
 Lactobacillus vaccinostercus Kozaki & Okada, 1983
 Lactobacillus vaginalis Embley et al., 1989
 Lactobacillus versmoldensis Kröckel et al., 2003
 Lactobacillus vespulae Hoang et al., 2015
 Lactobacillus vini Rodas et al., 2006
 Lactobacillus wasatchensis Oberg et al., 2016
 襄樊乳杆菌 Lactobacillus xiangfangensis Gu et al., 2012
 Lactobacillus xujianguonis
 Lactobacillus yonginensis Yi et al., 2013
 Lactobacillus zeae
 Lactobacillus zymae Vancanneyt et al., 2005

參見 
 益生菌
 酸奶
 益力多
 可爾必思

參考資料

外部連結 
 Prakash, S. et al. “The Gut Microbiota and Human Health with an Emphasis on the Use of Microencapsulated Bacterial Cells”,  Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology (2011),

List of species of the genus Lactobacillus
Interna  乳杆菌科 食品科學 肠道菌群细菌 食品储藏室 革兰氏阳性菌 细菌属 tionally certified patented strains