Alasmidonta raveneliana

Alasmidonta raveneliana (tên tiếng Anh Appalachian elktoe) là một loài trai nước ngọt thuộc họ Unionidae, họ trai sông.

Tham khảo 

1996. Recovery plan for the Appalachian elktoe (Alasmidonta raveneliana) Lea. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Atlanta, Ga. 31 pp.
2002. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; designating critical habitat for the appalachian elktoe.
Bauer, G, Hochwald, S and Wilkenat, W 1991 Spatial distribution of freshwater mussels the role of host fish and metabolic rate - Freshw Biol 26 377-386

Department of Interior. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1994. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Appalachian Elktoe Determined to be an Endangered Species. Federal Register 59(225):60324-60334.
Fridell, J. A. 1999. Appalachian elktoe in North Carolina.
Hoggarth, M. A., D. A. Kimberly, and Van Allen, Benjamin G. 2007. A study of the mussels (mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionidae) of symmes creek and tributaries in Jackson, Gallia and Lawrence counties, Ohio. Ohio Journal of Science 107(4):57.
Howard, J.K., K. M. Cuffey. 2006. The functional role of native freshwater mussels in the fluvial benthic environment - Freshw Biol 51 460-474
Neves, R. J., A. E. Bogan, J. D. Williams, S. A. Ahlstedt, and P. W. Hartfield. 1997. Status of Aquatic Mollusks in the Southeastern United States: A Downward Spiral of Diversity. in G. W. Benz and D. E. Collins, editors. Aquatic Fauna in Peril: The Southeastern Perspective.
Shaw, K. M., T. L. King, W. A. Lellis, and M. S. Eachles. 2006. Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in alasmidonta heterodon (bivalvia: Unionidae). Molecular Ecology Notes 6(2):365.
Strayer, D. L., J. A. Downing, W. R. Haag, T. L. King, J. B. Layzer, T. J. Newton, and S. J. Nichols. 2004. Changing perspectives on pearly mussels, North America's most imperiled animals. Bioscience 54(5):429.
Vaughn, C. C., C. M. Taylor. 1999. Impoundments and the Decline of Freshwater Mussels: A Case Study of an Extinction Gradient. Conservation Biology 13(4): 912-920.

Alasmidonta
Động vật the Eastern United States
Critically endangered fauna of the United States
Động vật Đông Hoa Kỳ
Động vật đặc hữu Bắc Carolina