Chủng tộc

Chủng tộc thường dùng để chỉ những phân loại của con người trong quần thể hoặc dựa vào nhóm tổ tiên, trên cơ sở tập hợp khác nhau của đặc tính di truyền. Những đặc điểm lý học thường thấy là những đặc điểm nổi bật về thị giác như màu da, sọ hoặc các đặc tính của khuôn mặt và kiểu tóc. Khái niệm về chủng tộc có thể khác nhau ở nhiều quốc gia, theo sự thay đổi theo các nền văn hóa cụ thể. Ví dụ, tại Hoa Kỳ thuật ngữ này được sử dụng trong các mô tả cá nhân (ví dụ như trắng (white), đen (black), v.v), trong khi ở Ý nó chỉ áp dụng cho một số ít các loài được thuần hóa, và do đó không áp dụng cho động vật hoang dã hoặc cho con người. Cụm từ chủng tộc được sử dụng trong phân loại học như là một phân loài.

Tham khảo

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Liên kết ngoài

Báo cáo và tiêu chuẩn chính thức
 "The Race Question", UNESCO, 1950
 US Census Bureau: Definition of Race 
 American Association of Physical Anthropologists' Statement on Biological Aspects of Race 
 "Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity" , Federal Register 1997
 American Anthropological Association's Statement on Race and RACE: Are we so different? a public education program developed by the American Anthropological Association.

Ấn phẩm phổ biến
 The Myth of Race  On the lack of scientific basis for the concept of human races (Medicine Magazine, 2007).
 Race - The power of an illusion Online companion to California Newsreel's documentary about race in society, science, and history
 Steven and Hilary Rose, The Guardian, "Why we should give up on race", 9 tháng 4 năm 2005
 Times Online, "Gene tests prove that we are all the same under the skin", 27 tháng 10 năm 2004.
 Michael J. Bamshad, Steve E. Olson "Does Race Exist?", Scientific American, December 2003
 "Gene Study Identifies 5 Main Human Populations, Linking Them to Geography", Nicholas Wade, NYTimes, December 2002. Covering
 Scientific American Magazine (December 2003 Issue) Does race exists ?.
 DNA Study published by United Press International showing how 30% of White Americans have at least one Black ancestor
 Yehudi O. Webster Twenty-one Arguments for Abolishing Racial Classification , The Abolitionist Examiner, June 2000
 The Tex(t)-Mex Galleryblog , An updated, online supplement to the University of Texas Press book (2007), Tex(t)-Mex
 Times of India - Article about Asian racism
 South China Morning Post  - Going beyond ‘sorry’
 Is Race "Real"? forum organized by the Social Science Research Council, includes 2005 op-ed article by A.M. Leroi from the New York Times advocating biological conceptions of race and responses from scholars in various fields More from Leori with responses
 Richard Dawkins: Race and creation  (extract from The Ancestor's Tale: A Pilgrimage to the Dawn of Life) - On race, its usage and a theory of how it evolved. (Prospect Magazine October 2004)

Khác
 James, Michael (2008) Race, in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
 Ten Things Everyone Should Know About Race by California Newsreel.
 American Anthropological Association's educational website on race with links for primary school educators and researchers
 Boas's remarks on race to a general audience 
 Catchpenny mysteries of ancient Egypt, "What race were the ancient Egyptians?", Larry Orcutt.
 Judy Skatssoon, "New twist on out-of-Africa theory", ABC Science Online, Wednesday, 14 tháng 7 năm 2004.
 Racial & Ethnic Distribution of ABO Blood Types - bloodbook.com
 Are White Athletes an Endangered Species? And Why is it Taboo to Talk About It?  Discussion of racial differences in athletics
 "Does Race Exist? A proponent's perspective" - Author argues that the evidence from forensic anthropology supports the idea of race.
 "Does Race Exist? An antagonist's perspective" - The author argues that clinal variation undermines the idea of race.
 American Ethnography - The concept of race Ashley Montagu's 1962 article in American Anthropology
 American Ethnography - The genetical theory of race, and anthropological method Ashley Montagu's 1942 American Anthropology article

 
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simple:Race (biology)