گوتھی زبان

گوتھی (Gothic)
ایک معدوم مشرقی جرمن زبان ہے جو گوتھ قوم میں بولی جاتی تھی۔

حوالہ جات

مصادر 
 G. H. Balg: A Gothic grammar with selections for reading and a glossary. New York: Westermann & Company, 1883 (archive.org).
 G. H. Balg: A comparative glossary of the Gothic language with especial reference to English and German. New York: Westermann & Company, 1889  (archive.org).
 
 W. Braune and E. Ebbinghaus, Gotische Grammatik, 17th edition 1966, Tübingen
 20th edition, 2004.   (hbk),  (pbk)
 Fausto Cercignani, "The Development of the Gothic Short/Lax Subsystem", in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung, 93/2, 1979, pp. 272–278.
 Fausto Cercignani, "The Reduplicating Syllable and Internal Open Juncture in Gothic", in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung, 93/1, 1979, pp. 126–132.
 Fausto Cercignani, "The Enfants Terribles of Gothic 'Breaking': hiri, aiþþau, etc.", in The Journal of Indo-European Studies, 12/3–4, 1984, pp. 315–344.
 Fausto Cercignani, "The Development of the Gothic Vocalic System", in Germanic Dialects: Linguistic and Philological Investigations, edited by Bela Brogyanyi and Thomas Krömmelbein, Amsterdam and Philadelphia, Benjamins, 1986, pp. 121–151.
 N. Everett, "Literacy from Late Antiquity to the early Middle Ages, c. 300–800 AD", The Cambridge Handbook of Literacy, ed. D. Olson and N. Torrance (Cambridge, 2009), pp. 362–385.
 Carla Falluomini, "Traces of Wulfila's Bible Translation in Visigothic Gaul", Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik 80 (2020) pp. 5–24.

 W. Krause, Handbuch des Gotischen, 3rd edition, 1968, Munich.
 Thomas O. Lambdin, An Introduction to the Gothic Language, Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2006, Eugene, Oregon.
 
 F. Mossé, Manuel de la langue gotique, Aubier Éditions Montaigne, 1942
 E Prokosch, A Comparative Germanic Grammar, 1939, The Linguistic Society of America for Yale University.
 Irmengard Rauch, Gothic Language: Grammar, Genetic Provenance and Typology, Readings, Peter Lang Publishing Inc; 2nd Revised edition, 2011
 C. Rowe, "The problematic Holtzmann’s Law in Germanic", Indogermanische Forschungen, Bd. 108, 2003. 258–266.
 

 Wilhelm Streitberg, Die gotische Bibel , 4th edition, 1965, Heidelberg
 Joseph Wright, Grammar of the Gothic language, 2nd edition, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1966
 2nd edition, 1981 reprint by Oxford University Press,

بیرونی روابط

 Gotisch im WWW Portal for information on Gothic (in German)
 Germanic Lexicon Project – early (Public Domain) editions of several of the references.
 Texts:
 The Gothic Bible in Latin alphabet
 The Gothic Bible in Ulfilan script (Unicode text) from Wikisource
 Titus has Streitberg's Gotische Bibel and Crimean Gothic material after Busbecq.
 Wulfila Project
 Skeireins Project A website with the Skeireins including translations in Latin, German, French, Swedish, English, Dutch, Greek, Italian and Icelandic.
 Gothic Online by Todd B. Krause and Jonathan Slocum, free online lessons at the Linguistics Research Center at the یونیورسٹی آف ٹیکساس بمقام آسٹن
 Gothic Readings Video clips in Gothic language
 Gothic basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database
 Gotica Bononiensa A page with information about the discovered Bononiensa fragment from 2013
 glottothèque – Ancient Indo-European Grammars online, an online collection of introductory videos to Ancient Indo-European languages produced by the University of Göttingen

گوتھی زبان
مشرقی جرمن زبانیں
یورپ کی معدوم زبانیں
فرانس کی زبانیں
اطالیہ کی زبانیں
پولینڈ کی زبانیں
پرتگال کی زبانیں
رومانیہ کی زبانیں
روس کی زبانیں
سلوواکیہ کی زبانیں
چیک جمہوریہ کی زبانیں
یوکرین کی زبانیں
قرون وسطی زبانیں