Biyologlar listesi

Bu madde kayda değer biyologların listesidir. Zoologlar, botanikçiler, ornitologlar, malakologlar, doğa bilimciler ve diğer uzmanlıkları da içermektedir.

A 
Humayun Abdulali (1914–2001), Hint ornitolog
Arthur Loveridge (1891–1980) İngiliz biyolog ve herpetolog
Aziz Ab'Sáber (1924–2012), Brezilyalı coğrafyacı, jeolog ve çevre bilimci
Erik Acharius (1757–1819), İsveçli botanikçi
Johann Friedrich Adam (18. yy–1806), Rus botanikçi
Arthur Adams (1820–1878), İngiliz hekim ve doğa bilimci
Henry Adams (1813–1877), İngiliz doğa bilimci ve konkolog
William Aiton (1731–1793), İskoç botanikçi (botanikteki kısaltma: Aiton)
Michel Adanson (1727–1806), Fransız doğa bilimci (botanikteki kısaltma: Adans.)
Edgar Douglas Adrian (1889–1977), Britanyalı elektrofizyolog, nöron araştırmaları için 1932 Nobel Fizyoloji ve Tıp Ödülü ile ödüllendirilmiştir
Adam Afzelius (1750–1837), İsveçli botanikçi
Carl Adolph Agardh (1785–1859), İsveçli botanikçi
Jacob Georg Agardh (1813–1901), İsveçli botanikçi
Louis Agassiz (1807–1873), İsviçreli zoolog
Alexander Agassiz (1835–1910), Amerikalı zoolog, Louis Agassiz'in oğlu
Nikolaus Ager (1568–1634), Fransız botanikçi
Pedro Alberch i Vié (1954–1998), İspanyol doğa bilimci
Bruce Alberts (1938), Amerikalı biyokimyager, ABD Bilimler Akademisi'nin eski başkanı
Boyd Alexander (1873–1910), İngiliz ornitolog
Horace Alexander (1889–1989), İngiliz ornitolog
Richard D. Alexander (1930), Amerikalı evrimsel biyolog
Wilfred Backhouse Alexander (1885–1965), İngiliz ornitolog
Alfred William Alcock (1859–1933), Britanyalı doğa bilimci
Salim Ali (1896–1987), Hint ornitolog
Frédéric-Louis Allamand (1736– after1803), İsviçreli botanikçi (botanikteki kısaltma: F.Allam.)
Warder Clyde Allee (1885–1955), Amerikalı zoolog ve çevre bilimci, Allee etkisini tanımlamıştır
Joel Asaph Allen (1838–1921), Amerikalı; kuşlar, memeliler
George James Allman (1812–1898), Britanyalı doğa bilimci
Prospero Alpini (1553–1617), İtalyan botanikçi
Sidney Altman (1939), Kanadalı doğumlu moleküler biyolog, RNA üzerine çalışması için 1989 Nobel Kimya Ödülü ile ödüllendirilmiştir
Bruce Ames (1928), Amerikalı biyokimyager, Ames testini icat etmiştir
José Alberto de Oliveira Anchieta (1832–1897), Portekizli doğa bilimci
George French Angas (1822–1886), İngiliz kâşif, doğa bilimci, konkolog ve ressam
Jakob Johan Adolf Appellöf (1857–1921), İsveçli deniz zoologu
Aristoteles (MÖ 384–MÖ 322), Yunan filozof
Peter Artedi (1705–1735), İsveçli doğa bilimci
Gilbert Ashwell (1916–2014), Amerikalı biyokimyager, hücre reseptörü çalışmalarında öncü
Jean Baptiste Audebert (1759–1800), Fransız doğa bilimci
Jean Victoire Audouin (1797–1841), Fransız zoolog
John James Audubon (1786–1851), Amerikalı ornitolog
Charlotte Auerbach (1899–1994), Alman genetikçi, mutagenez disiplininin kurucusu
Richard Axel (1946), Nobel ödüllü fizyolog
Julius Axelrod (1912–2004), Amerikalı biyokimyager, katekolamin nörotransmitter araştırmaları için 1970 Nobel Fizyoloji ve Tıp Ödülü ile ödüllendirilmiştir
William Orville Ayres (1817–1887), Amerikalı hekim ve balık bilimci
Félix de Azara (1746–1811), İspanyol doğa bilimci

B

Ba-Bi
Churchill Babington (1831–1881), Britanyalı arkeolog ve konçolojist (yumuşakçaların kabuklarını araştıran bilim dalı)
John Bachman (1790–1874), Amerikalı naturalist
Curt Backeberg (1894–1966), Alman botanikçi (Botanik kısaltması: Backeb.)
Karl Ernst von Baer (1792–1876), embriyolog
Liberty Hyde Bailey (1858–1954), Amerikalı botanikçi (Botanik kısaltması: L.H.Bailey)
Spencer Fullerton Baird (1823–1887), Kuşlar ve memeliler
John Hutton Balfour (1808–1884), İskoçyalı botanikçi (Botanik kısaltması: Balf.)
David Baltimore (1938), Fizyoloji ve Tıp Alanında 1975 Nobel Ödülü
Joseph Banks (1743–1820), biyolog, botanikçi (Botanik kısaltması: Banks)
Robert Bárány (1876–1936), Avusturyalı fizisyen, vestibüler sistem (kulak ve duyma sistemi) üzerine yaptığı araştırmalarla Fizyoloji ve Tıp Alanında 1914 Nobel Ödülü almıştır.
Benjamin Smith Barton (1766–1815), Amerikalı botanikçi (Botanik kısaltması: Barton)
John Bartram (1699–1777), Amerikalı botanikçi (Botanik kısaltması: Bartram)
William Bartram (1739–1823), Amerikalı doğa bilimci (Botanik kısaltması: W.Bartram)
Anton de Bary (1831–1888), cerrah, botanikçi, mikrobiyolog
Henry Walter Bates (1825–1892), İngiliz doğa bilimci
Patrick Bateson (1938), İngiliz biyolog ve yazar, Londra Zooloji Topluluğu başkanı
August Johann Georg Karl Batsch (1762–1802), Alman botanikçi, mikolog
Nicolas Baudin (1754–1803), Fransız botanikçi
Gaspard Bauhin (1560–1624), İsviçreli botanikçi, Linnaeus tarafından kullanılan ikili isimlendirmeyi taksonomiye tanıtmıştır, (Botanik kısaltması: C.Bauhin)
Johann Matthäus Bechstein (1757–1822), Alman doğa bilimci (Botanik kısaltması: Bechst.)
Rollo Beck (1870–1950), Amerikalı ornitolog
Charles William Beebe (1877–1962), Biyolog
Martinus Beijerinck (1851–1931), Hollandalı mikrobiyolog ve botanikçi, virüsleri keşfetmiştir
Thomas Bell (1792–1880), İngiliz doğa bilimci
David Bellamy (1933), İngiliz botanikçi
Edward Turner Bennett (1797–1836), İngiliz zoolog
George Bentham (1800–1884), İngiliz botanikçi (Botanik kısaltması: Benth.)
Robert Bentley (1821–1893), İngiliz botanikçi (Botanik kısaltması: Bentley)
Jacques Benveniste (1935–2004), Fransız immunolog
Wilson Teixeira Beraldo (1917–1998), Brezilyalı hekim ve fizyolog, bradikinini keşfeden iki kişiden birisidir
Hans Berger (1873–1941), Alman nörobilimci, Elektroensefalografiyi bulan kişilerden birisidir
Carl Bergmann (1814–1865), Alman anatomici, fizyolog ve biyolog, Bergmann kuralını geliştirmiştir
Rudolph Bergh (1824–1909), Danimarkalı hekim ve zoolog
Claude Bernard (1813–1878), Fransız fizyolog ve homeostasis konseptinin babası
Samuel Stillman Berry (1887–1984), Amerikalı deniz zooloğu
Thomas Bewick (1753–1828), İngiliz ornitolog
Colin Bibby (1948–2004), İngiliz ornitolog
Gabriel Bibron (1806–1848), Fransız zoolog
Johannes Abraham Bierens de Haan (1883–1953), Hollandalı biyolog ve etolog
Ann Bishop (1899–1990), İngiliz biyolog
Biswamoy Biswas (1923–1994), Hint ornitolog

Bl-Bu
Liz Blackburn (1948), Australian/US Nobel Prize–winning researcher in the field of telomeres and the "telomerase" enzyme
John Blackwall (1790–1881), British entomologist
Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (1777–1850), Fransız zoolog
Albert Francis Blakeslee (1874–1954), American botanist, best known for research on Jimsonweed and the sexuality of fungi
Thomas Blakiston (1832–1891), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
William Thomas Blanford (1832–1905), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Pieter Bleeker (1819–1878), Dutch ichthyologist
Günter Blobel (1936), German Nobel Prize-winning biologist who discovered that newly synthesized proteins contain "address tags" which direct them to the proper location within the cell.
Steven Block (1952), American biophysicist who measured the mechanical properties of single bio-molecules
Carl Ludwig Blume (1789–1862), German-Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany: Blume)
Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752–1840), German physiologist and anthropologist
Edward Blyth (1810–1873), İngiliz zoolog
José Vicente Barbosa du Bocage (1823–1907), Portuguese zoologist
Pieter Boddaert (1730–1795 or 1796), naturalist
Charles Lucien Bonaparte (1803–1857), French naturalist
James Bond (1900–1989), American ornithologist
Franco Andrea Bonelli (1784–1830), Italian ornithologist
August Gustav Heinrich von Bongard (1786–1839), German botanist
Charles Bonnet (1720–1793), Swiss naturalist
Aimé Bonpland (1773–1858), Fransız botanikçi (abbr. in botany: Bonpl.)
Jules Bordet (1870–1961), Belgian immunologist and microbiologist, winner of the 1919 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the complement system in the immune system
Antonina Georgievna Borissova (1903–1970), Rus botanikçi
Norman Borlaug (1914), American agricultural scientist, humanitarian, Nobel laureate, and the father of the Green Revolution
Louis Augustin Guillaume Bosc (1759–1828), Fransız zoolog
George Albert Boulenger (1858–1937), Belçikalı zoolog
Jules Bourcier (1797–1873), French naturalist
Johann Friedrich von Brandt (1802–1879), German naturalist (abbr. in botany: Brandt)
Sara Branham Matthews (1888–1962), American microbiologist
Christian Ludwig Brehm (1787–1864), German ornithologist
Alfred Brehm (1829–1884), Alman zoolog
Sydney Brenner (1927), British molecular biologist, winner of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Thomas Mayo Brewer (1814–1880), American naturalist
William Brewster (1851–1919), American ornithologist
Mathurin Jacques Brisson (1723–1806), Fransız zoolog
Nathaniel Lord Britton (1859–1934), American botanist (abbr. in botany: Britton)
Thomas D. Brock (1926), American biologist, discoverer of hyperthermophiles
Adolphe Théodore Brongniart (1801–1876), Fransız botanikçi (abbr. in botany: Brongn.)
Robert Broom (1866–1951), South African paleontologist
James H. Brown, American ecologist
Robert Brown (1773–1858), botanist (abbr. in botany: R.Br.)
David Bruce (1855–1931), Scottish pathologist and microbiologist
Jean Guillaume Bruguière (1750–1798), French naturalist
Morten Thrane Brünnich (1737–1827), Danish zoologist
Francis Buchanan-Hamilton (1762–1829), Scottish zoologist and botanist
Stephen L. Buchmann, co-author of The Forgotten Pollinators
Linda B. Buck (1947), American physiologist and Nobel prize winner
Samuel Botsford Buckley (1809–1884), American naturalist (abbr. in botany: Buckley)
Buffon (1707–1788), French naturalist (abbr. in botany: Buffon)
William Bullock (1773–1849), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Walter Buller (1838–1906), New Zealand naturalist
James Bulwer (1794–1879), İngiliz doğa bilimci  and conchologist
Alexander von Bunge (1803–1890), German-Russian zoologist
Luther Burbank (1849–1926), American horticulturalist
Hermann Burmeister (1807–1892), Alman zoolog
Carlos Bustamante (1951), American biophysicist, discovered "molecular tweezers" to manipulate DNA
Ernesto Bustamante (1950), Peruvian biochemist, specialist in mitochondria. Currently works on DNA paternity testing

C 
Jean Cabanis (1816–1906), German ornithologist
George Caley (1770–1829), English botanist
Rudolf Jakob Camerarius (1665–1721), German botanist
Frederick Campion Steward (1904–1993), British botanist
A. P. de Candolle (1778–1841), Swiss botanist
Philip Pearsall Carpenter (1819–1877), conchologist
Alexis Carrel (1873–1944), French biologist and surgeon, winner of the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on sutures and organ transplants, advocate of eugenics
Elie-Abel Carrière (1818–1896), Fransız botanikçi
Clodoveo Carrión Mora (1883–1957), Ecuadorian paleontologist and naturalist
Sean B. Carroll, American evolutionary development biologist
Rachel Carson (1907–1964), biologist, author of Silent Spring
George Washington Carver (1860–1943), American botanist
John Cassin (1813–1869), American ornithologist
Alexandre de Cassini (1781–1832), Fransız botanikçi (abbr. in botany: Cass.)
William E. Castle (1867–1962), American geneticist
Mark Catesby (1683–1749), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Andrea Cesalpino (1519–1603), Italian botanist
Francesco Cetti (1726–1778), Italian zoologist
Carlos Chagas (1879–1934), Brazilian physician
Adelbert von Chamisso (1781–1838), German botanist
Simon Chan (1974–2012), New Zealand plant biologist
Min Chueh Chang (1908–1991), biologist
Frank Michler Chapman (1864–1945), ornithologist
Martha Chase (1927–2003), American biologist, conducted the Hershey-Chase experiment which linked DNA to heredity
Thomas Frederic Cheeseman (1846–1923), New Zealand botanist and naturalist.
Sergei Chetverikov (1880–1959), Russian population geneticist
Charles Chilton (1860–1929), New Zealand zoologist
Carl Chun (1852–1914), German marine biologist
Nathan Cobb (1859–1932), American biologist, considered the founder of the discipline of nematology
Alfred Cogniaux (1841–1916), Belgian botanist (abbr. in botany: Cogn.)
Stanley Cohen (1922), American biologist, Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine (1986) for his discovery of growth factors.
James J. Collins, American biologist, synthetic biology and systems biology pioneer
Henry Boardman Conover (1892–1950), American ornithologist
Timothy Abbott Conrad (1803–1877), American malacologist
James Graham Cooper (1830–1902), American naturalist
William Cooper (1798–1864), American conchologist
Edward Drinker Cope (1840–1897), fish, reptiles, paleontology
Charles Coquerel (1822–1867), French navy surgeon and entomologist
Carl Ferdinand Cori (1896–1984), American biochemist, winner of the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the Cori cycle
Gerty Cori (1886–1957), American biochemist, first American woman to win a Nobel Prize in science, the prize was awarded to her and her husband Carl for their work on the Cori cycle
Charles B. Cory (1857–1921), American ornithologist
Emanuel Mendez da Costa (1717–1791), English botanist, naturalist, philosopher
Elliott Coues (1842–1899), American ornithologist
Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer (1907–2004), South African zoologist
Jacques Cousteau (1910–1997), French marine biologist and explorer
Miguel Rolando Covian (1913–1992), Argentine-Brazilian neurophysiologist, father of Brazilian neurophysiology
Frederick Vernon Coville (1867–1937), American botanist
Robert K. Crane, (1919), Amerikalı biyokimyacı, sodyum-glikoz kotransportunu keşfetti.
Philipp Jakob Cretzschmar (1786–1845), Alman zoolog
Francis Crick (1916–2004), one of the discoverers of the structure of the DNA molecule and a neurobiologist
Joseph Charles Hippolyte Crosse (1826–1898), French conchologist
Nicholas Culpeper (1616–1654), English botanist
Allan Cunningham (1791–1839), English botanist
William Curtis (1746–1799), English botanist
Georges Cuvier (1769–1832), French naturalist

D 
Valerie Daggett, American bioengineer
Anders Dahl (1751–1789), namesake of the Dahlia
William Healey Dall (1845–1927), American naturalist and malacologist.
Charles Darwin (1809–1882), British naturalist, author and biologist
Erasmus Darwin (1731–1802), doctor, naturalist, grandfather of Charles
Charles Davenport (1866–1944), American biologist and eugenicist, founded the Eugenics Record Office at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Armand David (1826–1900), Fransız zoolog and botanist
Bernard Davis (1916–1994), American biologist
Richard Dawkins (1941), British evolutionary biologist
Pierre Antoine Delalande (1787–1823), French naturalist
Max Delbrück (1906–1981), German physicist and biologist known for work on the replication mechanism of viruses
Richard Dell (1920–2002), New Zealand malacologist
Stefano Delle Chiaje (1794–1860), Italian 
Paul Émile de Puydt (1810–1888), Belgian botanist
René Louiche Desfontaines (1750–1833), Fransız botanikçi
Gérard Paul Deshayes (1795–1875), French geologist and conchologist.
Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest (1784–1838), Fransız zoolog
Ernst Dieffenbach (1811–1855), German naturalist
Johann Jacob Dillenius (1684–1747), German botanist
Lewis Weston Dillwyn (1778–1855), British botanist and conchologist
Walter Dobrogosz (1933), American microbiologist, discoverer of Lactobacillus reuteri
Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900–1975), American geneticist and evolutionary biologist
Rembert Dodoens (1517–1585), Flemish botanist
Anton Dohrn (1840–1909), German marine biologist
David Don (1799–1841), British botanist
James Donn (1758–1813), English botanist
Jean Dorst (1924–2001), French ornithologist
Henry Doubleday (1808–1875), British entomologist
David Douglas (1799–1834), Scottish botanist
Jonas C. Dryander (1748–1810), Swedish botanist
Félix Dujardin (1802–1860), biologist
Renato Dulbecco (1914–2012), biologist
Ronald Duman, Biological psychiatry
André Marie Constant Duméril (1774–1860), Fransız zoolog
Michel Felix Dunal (1789–1856), Fransız botanikçi
Robin Dunbar (1947), Italian virologist
Gerald Durrell (1925–1995), British naturalist

E 
Sylvia Earle (1935), American oceanographer
John Carew Eccles (1903–1997), Australian neurophysiologist and winner of the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the synapse
Christian Friedrich Ecklon (1795–1868), Danish botanist (abbr. in botany: Eckl.)
Gerald Edelman (1929), Nobel Prize for immunology work, later work in neuroscience
George Edwards (1693–1773), British naturalist
Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg (1795–1876), German biologist and microscopist
Paul Ehrlich (1854–1915), German Nobel Prize-winning immunologist
Karl Eichwald (1795–1876), Russian geologist and physician
Theodor Eimer (1843–1898), Alman zoolog
George Eliava (1892–1937), Georgian microbiologist
Daniel Giraud Elliot (1835–1915), Amerikan zoolog
Günther Enderlein (1872–1968), Alman zoolog and entomologist
Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher (1804–1849), Austrian botanist (abbr. in botany: Endl.)
Michael S. Engel (1971), American paleontologist and entomologist
George Engelmann (1809–1884), German-American botanist
Adolf Engler (1844–1930), German botanist (abbr. in botany: Engl.)
Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben (1744–1777), German naturalist.
Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz (1793–1831), Baltic German biologist and explorer, namesake of the California poppy
Constantin von Ettingshausen (1826–1897), Austrian botanist
Warren Ewens, American mathematical population geneticist
Thomas Campbell Eyton (1809–1880), İngiliz doğa bilimci

F
Jean Henri Fabre (1823–1915), French entomologist
Johan Christian Fabricius (1745–1808), Danish entomologist
David Fairchild (1869–1954), American botanist
Hugh Falconer (1808–1865), Scottish paleontologist
Leonardo Fea (1852–1903), Italian zoologist
Christoph Feldegg (1780–1845), Austrian naturalist
Lewis J. Feldman (1945), American botanist
Howard Barraclough (Barry) Fell (1917–1994), İngiliz zoolog and pre-Columbian contact theorist
Sérgio Ferreira (1934), Brazilian pharmacologist
Harold John Finlay (1901–1951), New Zealand palaeontologist and conchologist
Otto Finsch (1839–1917), German naturalist
Johann Fischer von Waldheim (1771–1853), German entomologist
James Fisher (1922–1970), English ornithologist
Paul Henri Fischer (1835–1893): French physician, zoologist, malacologist and paleontologist
Ronald Fisher (1890–1962), British biologist and statistician, one of the founders of population genetics
Leopold Fitzinger (1802–1884), Austrian zoologist
Tim Flannery (1956-), Australian biologist
Jim Flegg, British ornithologist
Alexander Fleming (1881–1955), British medical scientist
Walther Flemming (1843–1905), German physician and anatomist, discoverer of mitosis and chromosomes
Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher (1878–1950), English entomologist
Howard Walter Florey (1898–1968), pharmacologist who was the co-inventor of penicillin
Brian J. Ford (1939), British biologist and writer
E. B. Ford (1901–1988), British ecological geneticist
Peter Forsskål (1732–1763), Swedish naturalist
Georg Forster (1754–1794), German naturalist (abbr. in botany: G.Forst.)
Peter Forster (geneticist) (1967), German geneticist 
Johann Reinhold Forster (1729–1798), German naturalist
Robert Fortune (1813–1880), Scottish botanist
Dian Fossey (1932–1985), Amerikan zoolog
Rosalind Franklin (1920–1958), contributor to the discovery of the structure of DNA
Francisco Freire Allemão e Cysneiro (1797–1874), Brazilian botanist
Elias Magnus Fries (1794–1878), one of the founders of modern mushroom taxonomy
Karl von Frisch (1886–1982), Austrian ethologist and Nobel laureate, best known for pioneering studies of bees
Imre Frivaldszky (1799–1870), Hungarian botanist
Leonhart Fuchs (1501–1566), German botanist
José María de la Fuente Morales (1855–1932), Spanish biologist
Louis Agassiz Fuertes (1874–1927), American ornithologist

G 
Heinrich Moritz Gaede (1795-1834) Alman doğa bilimci ve entomolog.
Johann Christian Gerning (1745-1802) Alman bankacı, sanat koleksiyoncusu ve böcek bilimcisi 
Gustav Tornier (1858-1938) Alman zoolog ve herpetolog
Joseph Gaertner (1732–1791), German botanist
François Gagnepain (1866–1952), Fransız botanikçi
Joseph Paul Gaimard (1796–1858), French
Biruté Galdikas (1946), Canadian primatologist, conducted pioneering studies on orangutans
Robert Gallo (1937), American virologist and co-discoverer of HIV
William Gambel (1823–1849), American naturalist
Prosper Garnot (1794–1838), French naturalist
Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré (1789–1854), Fransız botanikçi
Michael Gazzaniga, American cognitive neuroscientist, best known for his research on split-brain patients
Howard Scott Gentry (1903–1993), American botanist
John Gerard (1545–1611/12), English botanist
Conrad von Gesner (1516–1565), Swiss naturalist (abbr. in botany: Gesner)
Luca Ghini (1490–1566), Italian botanist
Clelia Giacobini (1931–2010), Italian microbiologist, a pioneer of microbiology applied to conservation-restoration
John H. Gillespie, American molecular evolutionist and population geneticist
Charles Henry Gimingham (1923), British botanist
Charles Frédéric Girard (1822–1895), French biologist, ichthyologist, herpetologist
Johann Friedrich Gmelin (1748–1804), German naturalist (abbr. in botany: J.F.Gmel.)
Johann Georg Gmelin (1709–1755), German naturalist (abbr. in botany: J.G.Gmel.)
Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin (1744–1774), German botanist (abbr. in botany: S.G.Gmel.)
Frederick DuCane Godman (1834–1919), İngiliz doğa bilimci  and ornithologist
Émil Goeldi (1859–1917), Swiss-Brazilian naturalist and zoologist
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832), known for his literary works but also a scientist. In biology: his theory of plant metamorphosis stipulated that all plant formation stems from a modification of the Leaf.
Camillo Golgi (1843–1926), Italian physician and Nobel prize winner, pioneer in neurobiology
Jane Goodall (1934), British primatologist, ethologist and anthropologist, best known for conducting a forty-year study of chimpanzee social and family life.
George Gordon (1806–1879), British botanist
Philip Henry Gosse (1810–1888), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Augustus Addison Gould (1805–1866), American conchologist.
John Gould (1804–1881), English ornithologist
Stephen Jay Gould (1941–2002), American paleontologist
Alfred Grandidier (1836–1921), French naturalist and explorer
Guillaume Grandidier (1873–1957), French naturalist and explorer son of Alfred Grandidier
Temple Grandin (1947), American animal scientist; world-renowned as a designer of humane livestock facilities and for her writings on her experience with autism
Chapman Grant (1887–1983), American herpetologist
Pierre-Paul Grassé (1895–1985), Fransız zoolog
Asa Gray (1810–1888), American botanist
George Robert Gray (1808–1872), İngiliz zoolog
J.E. Gray (1800–1875), British zoologist
Andrew Jackson Grayson (1819–1869), American ornithologist
William King Gregory (1876–1970), Amerikan zoolog
Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon (1862–1933), British ornithologist
Frederick Griffith (1879–1941), British bacteriologist
Jeremy Griffith (1945), Australian zoologist
Jan Frederik Gronovius (1690–1762), Dutch botanist
Pavel Grošelj (1883–1940), biologist and belletrist
Félix Édouard Guérin-Méneville (1799–1874), French entomologist
Johann Anton Güldenstädt (1745–1781), German naturalist
Allvar Gullstrand (1862–1930), Swedish ophthalmologist, winner of the 1911 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine "for research on the image formation by the lens of the eye"
Johann Ernst Gunnerus (1718–1773), Norwegian botanist
Albert C. L. G. Günther (1830–1914), British/Alman zoolog

H 
Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919), German physician, zoologist and evolutionist
Hermann August Hagen (1817–1893), German entomologist
J. B. S. Haldane (1892–1964), British evolutionary biologist and co-founder of population genetics
William Donald Hamilton (1936–2000), British evolutionary biologist
Sylvanus Charles Thorp Hanley (1819–1899), British conchologist and malacologist
Thomas Hardwicke (1755–1835), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Alister Clavering Hardy (1896–1985), English marine biologist and pioneer student of the biological basis of religion
Richard Harlan (1796–1843), American naturalist, zoologist, physicist and paleontologist
Denham Harman (1916), American biogerontologist, father of the free radical theory of aging
Maarten 't Hart (1944), Dutch biologist and writer
Ernst Hartert (1859–1933), German ornithologist
Gustav Hartlaub (1814–1900), Alman zoolog
Karl Theodor Hartweg (1812–1871), German botanist
William Henry Harvey (1811–1866), Irish phycologist
Hans Hass (1919), Austrian biologist
Frederik Hasselquist (1722–1752), Swedish naturalist
Arthur Hay, 9th Marquess of Tweeddale (1824–1878), English ornithologist
James Hector (1834–1907), Scottish geologist, naturalist, and surgeon
Charles Hedley (1862–1926), naturalist, active in Australia
Oskar Heinroth (1871–1945), German biologist, a founder of ethology
Wilhelm Hemprich (1796–1825), German naturalist
Willi Hennig (1913–1976) German biologist, founder of cladistics
John Stevens Henslow (1796–1861), English mineralogist, botanist and clergyman
Johann Hermann (1738–1800), French physician and naturalist
Albert William Herre (1868–1962), American ichthyologist and lichenologist
Alfred Hershey (1908–1997), American bacteriologist, winner of the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the genetics of viruses
Philip Hershkovitz (1909–1997), American mammalogist noted especially as a primatologist
Leo George Hertlein (1898–1972), American paleontologist and malacologist
Archibald Vivian Hill (1886–1977), British physiologist, winner of the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for elucidation of mechanical work in muscles
Brian Houghton Hodgson (1800–1894), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Jan van der Hoeven (1802–1868), Dutch zoologist
Bruno Hofer (1861–1916), German fisheries scientist
Johann Centurius Hoffmannsegg (1766–1849), German botanist, entomologist and ornithologist
Jacques Bernard Hombron (1798–1852), French naturalist
Leroy Hood (1939), American biochemist, developed high speed automated DNA sequencer
Robert Hooke (1635–1703), British natural philosopher and Secretary to the Royal Society
Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817–1911), British botanist, explorer and Director of Kew Botanic Gardens
William Jackson Hooker (1785–1865), British botanist, Director of Kew Botanic Gardens
John "Jack" Horner (1946), American paleontologist, specialized in dinosaurs
Thomas Horsfield (1773–1859), American naturalist
Bernardo Houssay (1887–1971), Argentine physiologist, winner of the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the function of the pituitary hormones in regulating blood sugar (glucose) in animals.
Martinus Houttuyn (1720–1798), Dutch naturalist
Albert Howard (1873–1947), British botanist
Eliot Howard (1873–1940), English ornithologist
Sarah Blaffer Hrdy (1946), U.S. anthropologist who made contributions to evolutionary psychology and sociobiology
David H. Hubel (1926), Canadian-d. American neurobiologist, winner of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for research on the visual system
François Huber (1750–1831), Swiss naturalist
Ambrosius Hubrecht (1853–1915), Dutch zoologist
William Henry Hudson (1841–1922), Argentinian-British ornithologist
Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), German naturalist and explorer
Allan Octavian Hume (1829–1912), British ornithologist
Rob Hume, British ornithologist
George Evelyn Hutchinson (1903–1991), American ecologist and limnologist
Frederick Wollaston Hutton (1835–1905), English biologist and geologist, later worked in New Zealand
Julian Sorell Huxley (1887–1975), İngiliz zoolog and contributor to the modern evolutionary synthesis; first D-G of UNESCO
Thomas Henry Huxley (1825–1895), İngiliz zoolog and advocate of evolution, agnosticism and scientific education
Alpheus Hyatt (1838–1902), American neo-Lamarckian
Libbie Hyman (1888–1969), invertebrate zoologist
Josef Hyrtl (1810–1894), Austrian anatomist

I
 Hermann von Ihering (1850–1930), German naturalist
 Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger (1775–1813), German entomologist
 Jan Ingenhousz (1730–1799), Dutch-born British botanist
 Tom Iredale (1880–1972), English conchologist and ornithologist
 Paul Erdmann Isert (1756–1789), German botanist

J
 François Jacob (born 1920), French Biologist, Nobel Prize
 Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin (1727–1817), Dutch-born Austrian botanist
 Honoré Jacquinot (1815–1887), French surgeon and zoologist
 Daniel H. Janzen (born 1939), American entomologist and ecologist
 William Jardine (1800–1874), Scottish naturalist
 Feliks Pawel Jarocki (1790–1865), Polish zoologist
 Thomas C. Jerdon (1811–1872), British zoologist and botanist
 Wilhelm Johannsen (1857–1927), (coined the term gene)
 David Starr Jordan (1851–1931), ichthyologist, 1st president of Stanford
 Félix Pierre Jousseaume (1835–1921), Fransız zoolog and malacologist
 Adrien-Henri de Jussieu (1797–1853), Fransız botanikçi
 Antoine de Jussieu (1686–1758), French naturalist
 Antoine Laurent de Jussieu (1748–1836), botanist, biologist (abbr. in botany: Juss.)
 Bernard de Jussieu (1699–1777), French naturalist
 Ernest Everett Just (1883–1941), American biologist

K
 Zbigniew Kabata (born 1924), Polish parasitologist
 Pehr Kalm (1716–1779), Swedish botanist
 Eric R. Kandel (born 1929), Austrian-born American neuroscientist. Winner of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the neural correlates of memory
 Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann Karsten (1817–1908), German botanist
 Rudolf Kaufmann (1909–c1941), trilobitologist known for his contributions to allopatric speciation and punctuated equilibrium.
 Stuart Kauffman (born 1939), biologist widely known for his promotion of self-organization as a factor in producing the complexity of biological systems and organisms
 Johann Jakob Kaup (1803–1873), German naturalist
 Janet Kear (1933–2004), English ornithologist
 Gerald A. Kerkut (1927–2004), British zoologist and physiologist
 Anton Kerner von Marilaun (1831–1898), Austrian botanist
 Robert Kerr (1755–1813), published The Animal Kingdom in 1792
 Warwick Estevam Kerr (born 1922), Brazilian geneticist, specialist in bee genetics, introducer of African bees in Brazil
Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska (born 1925), Polish paleontologist, led several paleontological expeditions to the Gobi desert
 Motoo Kimura (1924–1994), Japanese mathematical biologist, working in the field of theoretical population genetics
 Norman Boyd Kinnear (1882–1957), Scottish zoologist
 William Kirby (1759–1850), English entomologist
 Heinrich von Kittlitz (1799–1874), German naturalist
 Wilhelm Kobelt (1840–1916), Alman zoolog and malacologist
 Fritz Köberle (1910–1983), Austrian-Brazilian physician and pathologist, student of Chagas disease
 Karl Koch (1809–1879), German botanist
 Robert Koch (1843–1910), German Nobel Prize-winning physician and bacteriologist
 Emil Theodor Kocher (1841–1917), German physician, winner of the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "his work on the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid gland"
 Alexander Koenig (1858–1940), German naturalist
 Albert von Kölliker (1817–1905), Swiss physiologist
 Charles Konig (1774–1851), German naturalist
 Arthur Kornberg (born 1918), discovered DNA polymerase
 Adriaan Kortlandt, (born 1918), Dutch ethologist
 Albrecht Kossel (1853–1927), German physician and winner of the 1910 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research in cell biology
 Hans Adolf Krebs (1900–1981), German biochemist and winner of the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration
 Gerard Krefft (1830–1881), German-born Australian zoologist and palaeontologist
 Eduardo Krieger (born 1930), Brazilian physician and physiologist
 Kewal Krishan (born 1973), Biological Anthropologist, specialized in Forensic Anthropology, serving at Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
 Schack August Steenberg Krogh (1874–1949), Danish physiologist, winner of the 1920 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of the mechanism of regulation of the capillaries in skeletal muscle
 Heinrich Kuhl (1797–1821), Alman zoolog

L
 Johann Georg Christian Lehmann (25 Şubat 1792 - 12 Şubat 1860) bir Alman botanikçi
 Henri Laborit (1914–1995), French surgeon and physiologist
 Bernard Germain Étienne de la Ville, Comte de Lacépède (1756–1825), French naturalist
 David Lack (1910–1973), British ornithologist
 Frédéric de Lafresnaye (1783–1861), French ornithologist
 Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744–1829), French evolutionist, coined many terms like biology and fossils
 Aylmer Bourke Lambert (1761–1842), British botanist
 Charles Lamberton (fl. 1912–1956), French paleontologist
 Hugh Lamprey (1928–1996), British ecologist
 Kai Larsen (1926–2012), Danish botanist
 Charles Francis Laseron (1887–1959), American-born Australian naturalist and malacologist
 John Latham (1740–1837), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
 Pierre André Latreille (1762–1833), French entomologist
 Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran (1845–1922), French physician, winner of the 1907 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery that the cause of malaria is a protozoon
 George Newbold Lawrence (1806–1855), American ornithologist
William Elford Leach (1790–1836), İngiliz zoolog and marine biologist
Colin Leakey (born 1933), British tropical botanist and specialist in bean science
Joseph LeConte (1823–1901), physiologist
Tim Lee (born 1977), comedian
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723), Dutch biologist, developer of the microscope
François Leguat (c. 1637 – 1735), French naturalist
Joseph Leidy (1823–1891), American paleontologist
Johann Philipp Achilles Leisler (1771–1813), Dutch naturalist
Juan Lembeye (1816–1889), Spanish naturalist
Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519), known as an artist but also an anatomist. Dissected hundreds of specimens and drew exact copies of them
Jean Baptiste Leschenault de la Tour (1773–1826), Fransız botanikçi
Rene Primevere Lesson (1794–1849), French naturalist
Charles Alexandre Lesueur (1778–1846), French naturalist
François Le Vaillant (1753–1824), French ornithologist
Edward B. Lewis (1918–2004), American geneticist and 1995 Nobel Prize-winner
Richard Lewontin (born 1929), biologist
Wen-Hsiung Li, molecular evolutionary biologist
Emmanuel Liais (1826–1900), Fransız botanikçi
Martin Lichtenstein (1780–1867), Alman zoolog
John Lightfoot (1735–1788), English conchologist and botanist
David R. Lindberg, American malacologist and biologist
Aristid Lindenmayer (1925–1989), Hungarian biologist
John Lindley (1799–1865), English botanist
Heinrich Friedrich Link (1767–1850), German botanist (abbr. in botany: Link)
Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778), Swedish botanist; father of the binomial nomenclature system (abbr L. or Linn.)
Jacques Loeb (1859–1924), German-American biologist
Friedrich Loeffler (1852–1915), German biologist
Konrad Lorenz (1903–1989), Austrian founder of ethology
Harri Lorenzi (born 1949), Brazilian botanist
John Claudius Loudon (1783–1843), English botanist
James Lovelock (born 1919), English chemist and father of the Gaia hypothesis
Percy Lowe (1870–1948), English ornithologist
Peter Wilhelm Lund (1801–1880), Danish zoologist and paleontologist
Salvador Luria (1912–1991), microbiologist, Nobel prize winner
Adolfo Lutz (1855–1940), Brazilian infectologist, pathologist and public health researcher
André Lwoff (1902–1994), French microbiologist, winner of the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Richard Lydekker (1849–1915), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Trofim Lysenko (1898–1976), Soviet biologist and agronomist. His denouncement of genetics became known as Lysenkoism.

M

Ma-Mi

Jules François Mabille (1831–1904), French malacologist
John Macadam (1827–1865), Scottish-born Australian botanist
John M. MacDougal (1954), American botanist
William MacGillivray (1796–1852), Scottish naturalist
Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694), Italian anatomist and biologist
Ramon Margalef  (1919–2004), Spanish-Catalan biologist and ecologist
Leo Margolis (1927–1997), Canadian fisheries parasitologist
Lynn Margulis (1938), American microbiologist
Alberto della Marmora (1789–1863), Italian naturalist
Othniel Charles Marsh (1831–1899), paleontology
Barry Marshall (1951), Australian physician and microbiologist, winner of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery that most stomach ulcers are caused by a strain of bacteria
Fermín Martín Piera (1954–2001), Spanish botanist
Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius (1794–1868), German botanist
John Martyn (1699–1768), English botanist
Thomas Martyn (1735–1825), English botanist, entomologist and conchologist
John Marwick (1891–1978), New Zealand palaeontologist and geologist
Teresa Maryańska, Poland, paleontologist specializing in dinosaurs
Francis Masson (1741 – c. 1805), Scottish botanist 
Gregory Mathews (1876–1949), Australian ornithologist
Paul Matschie (1861–1926), Alman zoolog 
William Diller Matthew (1871–1930), American paleontologist
Polly Matzinger, American immunologist
Carl Maximowicz (1827–1891), Rus botanikçi
Harold Maxwell-Lefroy (1877–1925), English entomologist
Robert May (1936), biologist, physicist, mathematician, President of Royal Society of London 2000–2005
Ernst Mayr (1904–2005), evolutionary biologist
Barbara McClintock (1902–1992), American biologist, winner of a Nobel Prize for her work on the transposon, or "jumping gene"
James V. McConnell (1925–1990), American biological psychologist
Mark McMenamin (1958), American paleontologist
Bruce McEwen, neuroendocrinologist and stress hormone expert
Edmund Meade-Waldo (1855–1934), English ornithologist
Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov (1845–1916), Russian microbiologist, best known for his work on the immune system and phagocytosis, received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1908
Johann Wilhelm Meigen (1764–1845), German entomologist
Gregor Mendel (1822–1884), Czech-Austrian monk who is often called the "father of genetics" for his study of the inheritance of traits in pea plants
Edouard Menetries (1802–1861), French entomologist
Maud Leonora Menten, biologist
Archibald Menzies (1754–1852), Scottish naturalist
Clinton Hart Merriam (1855–1942), Amerikan zoolog and ornithologist
John C. Merriam (1869–1945), American biologist
Franz Meyen (1804–1840), German botanist
Rodolphe Meyer de Schauensee (1901–1984), American ornithologist
Otto Fritz Meyerhof (1884–1951), German/American physician and biochemist, winner of the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on muscles
Leonor Michaelis (1875–1949), German biologist
André Michaux (1746–1802), Fransız botanikçi
Alexander von Middendorff (1815–1894), Russian zoologist
Nicholai Miklukho-Maklai (1846–1888), Russian marine biologist and anthropologist
Gerrit Smith Miller, Jr. (1869–1956), Amerikan zoolog.
Jacques Miller (1931), Australian immunologist.
John Frederick Miller (1759–1796), English illustrator (primarily of botany)
Kenneth R. Miller (1948), American evolutionary biologist.
Philip Miller (1691–1771), Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany: Mill.)
Alphonse Milne-Edwards (1835–1900), Fransız zoolog
Henri Milne-Edwards (1800–1885), Fransız zoolog
George Jackson Mivart (1827–1900), English biologist

Mo-Mu
Hugo von Mohl (1805–1872), German botanist
Paul Möhring (1710–1792), German naturalist
Juan Ignacio Molina (1740–1829), Chilean naturalist
Jacques Monod (1910–1976), geneticist
George Montagu (1753–1815), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Luc Montagnier (1932), French discoverer of HIV
Rita Levi-Montalcini (1909), Italian-American neurologist who received the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her co-discovery of growth factors
Tommaso di Maria Allery Monterosato (1841–1927), Italian malacologist
Pierre Dénys de Montfort (1766–1820), French naturalist
George Thomas Moore (1871–1956), American botanist
Alfred Moquin-Tandon (1804–1863), French naturalist
Otto Andreas Lowson Mörch (1828–1878), malacologist
Thomas Hunt Morgan (1868–1945), American geneticist. He worked on the natural history, zoology, and macromutation in the fruit fly Drosophila
Desmond Morris (1928), British zoologist and biologist
Roger Morse (1927–2000), professor, researcher, author, on bees/beekeeping
Guy Mountfort (1905–2003), English ornithologist
Ladislav Mucina (1956), Slovakian botanist
Ferdinand von Mueller (1825–1896), German-Australian botanist
John Muir (1838–1914), American naturalist
Otto Friedrich Müller (1730–1784), Danish naturalist (abbr. in botany: O.F.Müll.)
Fritz Müller (1821–1897), German-Brazilian naturalist (abbr. in botany: F.J.Müll.)
Hermann Müller (Thurgau) (1850–1927), Swiss botanist and oenologist
Philipp Ludwig Statius Müller (1725–1776), Alman zoolog
Salomon Muller (1804–1864), Dutch naturalist
Kary Mullis (1944), biologist
Otto von Münchhausen (1716–1774), German botanist
John Murray (1841–1914), Scots-Canadian Marine Biologist

N
Gary Paul Nabhan (born 1952), co-author of Forgotten Pollinators
Karl Wilhelm von Nageli (1817–1891), Swiss botanist
Johann Friedrich Naumann (1780–1857), German founder of scientific ornithology
John Needham (1713–1781), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (1776–1858), German botanist and zoologist
Masatoshi Nei, American evolutionary biologist and molecular Population Geneticist
Randolph M. Nesse (born 1945), American evolutionary biologist and psychiatrist
Charles F. Newcombe (1851–1924), British botanist
Alfred Newton (1829–1907), İngiliz zoolog
Margaret Morse Nice (1883–1974), American ornithologist
Henry Alleyne Nicholson (1844–1899), British zoologist
Elmer Noble (1909–2001), American parasitologist
Alfred Merle Norman (1831–1918), English clergyman and naturalist
Alfred John North (1855–1917), Australian ornithologist
Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard (born 1942), German biologist and 1995 Nobel Prize-winner
Thomas Nuttall (1786–1858), English botanist and zoologist

O
Nils Hjalmar Odhner (1884–1973), Swedish zoologist
Eugene P. Odum (1913–2002), American ecologist
Howard T. Odum (1924–2002), American ecologist
Anders Sandoe Oersted (1816–1872), Danish botanist (abbr. in botany: Oerst.)
William Ogilby (1808–1873), Irish naturalist
William Robert Ogilvie-Grant (1863–1924), Scottish ornithologist
Tomoko Ohta (born 1933), Japanese molecular evolutionary biologist
Lorenz Oken (1779–1851), German naturalist
Giuseppe Olivi (1769–1795), Italian naturalist
Mark A. O'Neill, British biologist and computer scientist
Aleksandr Oparin (1894–1980), Russian biologist and biochemist, best known for his work on the origin of life
Alcide d'Orbigny (1802–1857), French naturalist
George Ord (1781–1866), American ornithologist
Eleanor Anne Ormerod (1828–1901), English entomologist
Edward Latham Ormerod (1819–1873), FRS, English physician and entomologist
Henry Fairfield Osborn (1857–1935), eugenicist, AMNH curator
William Charles Osman Hill (1901–1975), British anatomist, primatologist, and a leading authority on primate anatomy during the 20th century
Halszka Osmólska (1930–2008), Polish paleontologist specializing in dinosaurs
Emile Oustalet (1844–1905), Fransız zoolog
Richard Owen (1804–1892), biologist of nebres(triztan) organisms

P
George Emil Palade (born 1912), Romanian-American biologist, discoverer of ribosomes, Nobel Prize
Paul Maurice Pallary (1869–1942), French-Algerian malacologist
Perle Altangerel (1945-) Moğol paleontolog
Peter Simon Pallas (1741–1811), Russian zoologist
Edward Palmer (1829–1911), British botanist
Josif Pancic (1814–1888), Serbian botanist
Paracelsus (1493–1541), German alchemist
Louis Pasteur (1822–1895), French biochemist
William Paterson (1755–1810), British botanist and explorer
Robert Patterson (1802–1872), Irish naturalist
Daniel Pauly (born 1946), French marine biologist
Ivan Pavlov (1849–1936), Russian physiologist, psychologist and physician, discovered conditioning, won the Nobel Prize for his research on the digestive system
Titian Peale (1799–1885), American naturalist
Donald C. Peattie (1898–1964), American botanist
Eva J. Pell (born 1948), American plant pathologist
Paul Pelseneer (1863–1945), Belgian malacologist
Jean-Marie Pelt (born 1933), Fransız botanikçi
Thomas Pennant (1726–1798), Welsh naturalist and antiquary
Henri Perrier de la Bâthie (1873–1958), Fransız botanikçi
George Perry (doğabilimci), 19th century İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Christiaan Hendrik Persoon (1761–1836), biologist
Paul Petard (1912–1980), Fransız botanikçi
Wilhelm Peters (1815–1883), German naturalist
Ludwig Karl Georg Pfeiffer, German physician, botanist and conchologist
Rodolfo Amando Philippi (1808–1904), German-Chilean zoologist
Constantine John Phipps (1744–1792), English explorer
David Andrew Phoenix, (born 1966), Biochemist
Frederick Octavius Pickard-Cambridge (1860–?), English entomologist
Octavius Pickard-Cambridge (1828–1917), English entomologist, uncle of above
Charles Pickering (1805–1878), American naturalist
Cándido Bolívar Pieltain (1897–1976), Spanish naturalist
Henry Augustus Pilsbry (1862–1957), Amerikan zoolog, malacologist
Gregory Goodwin Pincus (1903–1967), American biologist and co-inventor of the contraceptive pill
Ronald Plasterk, (born 1957), Dutch molecular biologist, columnist and politician
Pliny the Elder (23–79), Roman natural philosopher
Reginald Innes Pocock (1863–1947), British taxonomist (mammals and arachnids)
Felipe Poey (1799–1891), Cuban zoologist
Joel Roberts Poinsett (1779–1851), American botanist
Henry de Puyjalon (1841–1905), Canadian ecologist and biologist
Giuseppe Saverio Poli (1746–1825), Italian physicist, biologist and natural historian
Winston Ponder, Australian malacologist
Arthur William Baden Powell (1901–1987), New Zealand malacologist and paleontologist
Thomas Littleton Powys, 4th Baron Lilford (1833–1896), English ornithologist
Karel Presl (1794–1852), Bohemian botanist
Alice Pruvot-Fol (1873–1972), French malacologist
Jan Evangelista Purkyně (1787–1869), Czech anatomist and physiologist
Frederick Traugott Pursh (1774–1820), German-American botanist
Paul Émile de Puydt (1810–1888), Belgian botanist
Nikolai Przhevalsky (1839–1888), Russian explorer

Q
Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau (1810–1892), Fransız doğabilimci
 Jean René Constant Quoy (1790–1869), Fransız hayvanbilimci

R
Gustav Radde (1831–1903), German naturalist
Thomas Stamford Raffles (1781–1826), Londra Zooloji Topluluğunun kurucusu ve ilk başkanı
Constantine Samuel Rafinesque (1783–1840), French naturalist who described many North American species
Émile Louis Ragonot (1843–1895), French entomologist
Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934), Spanish histologist and Nobel laureate. Considered the father of neuroscience.
Edward Pierson Ramsay (1842–1916), Australian ornithologist
Austin L. Rand (1905–1982), Canadian zoologist
Suresh Rattan (born 1955), Indian biogerontologist
John Ray (1627–1705), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Francesco Redi (1626–1697), Italian physician known for his experiment in 1668 which is regarded as one of the first steps in refuting abiogenesis
Lovell Augustus Reeve (1814–1865), English conchologist
Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach (1823–1889), German orchidologist (abbr. in botany: Rchb. f.)
Ludwig Reichenbach (1793–1879), German botanist and ornithologist (abbr. in botany: Rchb.)
Anton Reichenow (1847–1941), German ornithologist
Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt (1773–1854), Dutch botanist
Bernhard Rensch (1900–1990), German biologist
Ralf Reski (born 1958), German botanist and biotechnologist, developed Physcomitrella as model organism
Achille Richard  (1794–1852), Fransız botanikçi (abbr. in botany: A. Rich)
Jean Michel Claude Richard (1787–1868), noted Fransız botanikçi and plant collector (abbr. in botany: J.M.C.Rich.)
Louis Claude Richard (1754–1821), Fransız botanikçi (abbr. in botany: Rich.)
Olivier Jules Richard (1836–1896), French lichenologist (abbr. in botany: O.J.Rich.)
John Richardson (1787–1865), Scottish naturalist (abbr. in botany: Richardson)
Charles Richet (1850–1935), French physiologist, winner of the 1913 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of anaphylaxis
Charles Wallace Richmond (1868–1932), American ornithologist
Robert Ridgway (1850–1929), American ornithologist
Henry Nicholas Ridley (1855–1956), British botanist (abbr. in botany: Ridl.)
Austin Roberts (1883–1948), South African zoologist
Harold E. Robinson (born 1932), American botanist and entomologist
Maurício Rocha e Silva (1910–1983), Brazilian physician and pharmacologist, codiscoverer of bradykinin
Martin Rodbell (1925–1998), biologist
Peter Friedrich Röding (1767–1846), German malacologist
George Romanes (1848–1894), Canadian naturalist, founded the discipline of comparative psychology
Alfred Romer (1894–1973), specialist in vertebrate paleontology
Robert Rosen (1934–1998), theoretical biologist
Joel Rosenbaum (born 1933), cell biologist at Yale University
Harald Rosenthal (born 1937), German hydrobiologist known for his work in fish farming and ecology
Miriam Louisa Rothschild (1908–2005), British entomologist
Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild (1868–1937), British zoologist
William Roxburgh (1759–1815), Scottish botanist
Adriaan van Royen (1704–1779), Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany: Royen)
Karl Rudolphi (1771–1832), German physiologist
Eduard Rüppell (1794–1884), German naturalist

S

Sa-So
Joseph Sabine (1770–1837), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Julius von Sachs (1832–1897), German botanist
Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1772–1844), French naturalist
Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1805–1861), Fransız zoolog
Carl Ulisses von Salis-Marschlins (1762–1818), Swiss naturalist interested in botany, entomology, and conchology
Edward James Salisbury (1886–1978), British botanist
Richard Anthony Salisbury (1761–1829), British botanist
Jonas Salk (1914–1995), American biologist, inventor of polio vaccine
Robert Sapolsky (1957), American neuroscientist
Georg Ossian Sars (1837–1927), Norwegian marine biologist
Michael Sars (1809–1869), Norwegian taxonomist
William Saunders (1822–1900), American botanist
Horace-Bénédict de Saussure (1740–1799), Swiss naturalist
Marie Jules César Savigny (1777–1851), Fransız zoolog
Thomas Say (1787–1843), American naturalist
George Schaller (1933), Amerikan zoolog, widely considered the preeminent field biologist of the 20th century
Friedrich Schlechter (1872–1925), German botanist
Hermann Schlegel (1804–1884), German ornithologist
Matthias Jakob Schleiden (1804–1881), German co-founder of the cell theory
George Schoener (1864–1941), German-American botanist
Johann David Schoepf (1752–1800), German botanist and zoologist
Heinrich Wilhelm Schott (1794–1865), German botanist
Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber (1739–1810), German naturalist
Leopold von Schrenck (1826–1894), Russo-Alman zoolog
Charles Schuchert (1858–1942), paleontologist
Theodor Schwann (1810–1882), German physiologist
Georg August Schweinfurth (1836–1925), German botanist
Philip Sclater (1829–1913), İngiliz zoolog
Giovanni Antonio Scopoli (1723–1788), Italian-Austrian naturalist
Henry Seebohm (1832–1895), English ornithologist
Prideaux John Selby (1788–1867), English botanist and ornithologist
Nikolai Alekseevich Severtzov (1827–1885), Russian naturalist
Richard Bowdler Sharpe (1847–1909), İngiliz zoolog
George Shaw (1751–1813), English botanist and zoologist
George Ernest Shelley (1840–1910), English ornithologist
Sir Charles Scott Sherrington (1857–1922), British physiologist and neuroscientist, winner of the 1932 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on neurons
Philipp Franz von Siebold (1796–1866), German botanist
George Gaylord Simpson (1902–1984), American paleontologist
Rolf Singer (1906–1994), German d. mycologist
John Kunkel Small (1869–1938), American botanist (abbr. in botany: Small)
Andrew Smith (1797–1872), Scottish zoologist
Edgar Albert Smith (1847–1916), British zoologist and conchologist
Frederick Smith (1805–1879), British entomologist
James Edward Smith (1759–1828), English botanist (abbr. in botany: Sm.)
Johannes Jacobus Smith (1867–1947), Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany: J.J.Sm.)
James Leonard Brierley Smith (1897–1968), South African ichthyologist
John Maynard Smith (1920–2004), biologist
John Otterbein Snyder (1867–1943), Amerikan zoolog
Solomon H. Snyder (1938), American neuroscientist, co-discovered endorphins
Daniel Solander (1733–1782), Swedish botanist
Louis François Auguste Souleyet (1811–1852), Fransız zoolog

Sp-Sy
Douglas Spalding (c1840–1877), English biologist, discovered imprinting and conducted some of the earliest research on animal behavior
Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729–1799), Italian biologist
Anders Sparrman (1748–1820), Swedish naturalist
Walter Baldwin Spencer (1860–1929), English biologist and anthropologist
Roger W. Sperry (1913–1994), American neuropsychologist, winner of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his split-brain research
Maximilian Spinola (1780–1857), entomologist
Johann Baptist von Spix (1781–1826), German naturalist
Herman Spoering (1733–1771), Finnish botanist
Kurt Sprengel (1766–1833), German botanist
Stewart Springer (1906–1991), American ichthyologist noted for expertise in shark classification, behavior, and distribution of species
Richard Spruce (1817–1893), English botanist
Agustín Stahl (1842–1917),  Porto Rikolu zoolog ve botanikçi
Edward Stanley, 13th Earl of Derby (1775–1851), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Japetus Steenstrup (1813–1897), Danish zoologist
Franz Steindachner (1834–1919), Austrian zoologist
Leonhard Hess Stejneger (1851–1943), Norwegian zoologist
Georg Wilhelm Steller (1709–1746), Russian ornithologist
James Francis Stephens (1792–1853), İngiliz zoolog
Kaspar Maria von Sternberg (1761–1838), Bohemian botanist
Karl Stetter (1941), German microbiologist
Nettie Maria Stevens (1861–1912), American biologist
Edward Charles Stirling (1848–1919), Australian anthropologist
Gerald Stokell (1890–1972), New Zealand horticulturist and ichthyologist
Gottlieb Conrad Christian Storr (1749–1821), German naturalist
Eduard Strasburger (1844–1912), German botanist (abbr. in botany: Strasb.)
Erwin Stresemann (1889–1972), German ornithologist
John Struthers (1823–1899), Scottish anatomist
Samuel Stutchbury (1798–1859), İngiliz doğa bilimci  and geologist
Carl Jakob Sundevall (1801–1875), Swedish zoologist
Mriganka Sur (1953), Indian cognitive neuroscientist specializing in neuroplasticity
Henry Suter (1841–1918), New Zealand zoologist, naturalist and palaeontologist
William John Swainson (1789–1855), English ornithologist, malacologist, conchologist, entomologist and artist
Jan Swammerdam (1637–1680), Dutch biologist and microscopist
Olof Swartz (1760–1816), Swedish botanist (abbr. in botany: Sw.)
Robert Swinhoe (1836–1877), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Colonel W. H. Sykes (1790–1872), English ornithologist

T
Wladyslaw Taczanowski (1819–1890), Polish zoologist
Armen Takhtajan (born 1910), Rus botanikçi
Peter Gustaf Tengmalm (1754–1803), Swedish naturalist
Coenraad Jacob Temminck (1778–1858), Dutch zoologist
Theophrastus (372 BC – 287 BC), biologist and the successor of Aristotle in the Peripatetic school, popularizer of science
Johannes Thiele (1860–1935), Alman zoolog and malacologist
Michael Rogers Oldfield Thomas (1858–1929), British zoologist
William Thompson (1805–1852), İrlandalı Ornithologist, deniz biyoloğu ve doğa tarihçisi
Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars (1758–1831), Fransız botanikçi
Carl Peter Thunberg (1743–1828), Swedish naturalist
Samuel Tickell (1811–1875), British ornithologist
Niko Tinbergen (1907–1988), Dutch ethologist
Agostino Todaro (1818–1892), Italian botanist
Susumu Tonegawa (born 1939), Japanese biologist, winner of the 1987 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity"
John Torrey (1796–1873), American botanist, first professional in New World
Joseph Pitton de Tournefort (1656–1708), Fransız botanikçi
John Kirk Townsend (1809–1851), American ornithologist
Thomas Stewart Traill (1781–1862), Scottish doctor and naturalist
Abraham Trembley (1710–1784), Swiss naturalist
Melchior Treub (1851–1910), Dutch botanist
Henry Baker Tristram (1822–1906), English ornithologist
Robert Trivers (born 1943), evolutionary biologist
Édouard Louis Trouessart (1842–1927), French naturalist
Frederick W. True (1858–1914), American naturalist
George Washington Tryon Jr. (1838–1888), American malacologist
Bernard Tucker (1901–1950), English ornithologist
Edward Tuckerman (1817–1886), American botanist
Endel Tulving (born 1927), Estonian-born Canadian neuroscientist, specializes in episodic memory
Marmaduke Tunstall (1743–1790), English ornithologist
Ruth Turner (1915–2000), marine biologist
William Turton (1762–1835), British naturalist

U
 Jakob von Uexküll (1864–1944), Estonian biologist, founder of biosemiotics

V
Martin Vahl (1749–1804), Norwegian botanist
Sebastien Vaillant (1669–1722), Fransız botanikçi
Achille Valenciennes (1794–1865), Fransız zoolog
Francisco Varela (1946–2001), Chilean biologist
Nikolai Vavilov (1887–1943), Soviet botanist and geneticist, died in prison as a defender of "bourgeois pseudoscience" genetics against Lysenkoism
Damodaran M. Vasudevan (born 1942), Indian physician, immunologist and educationist
Craig Venter (born 1946), American biologist and businessman
Edouard Verreaux (1810–1868), French naturalist
Jules Verreaux (1807–1873), Fransız botanikçi and ornithologist
Addison Emery Verrill (1839–1926), Amerikan zoolog
Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot (1748–1831), French ornithologist
Nicholas Aylward Vigors (1785–1840), Irish zoologist
Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902), German biologist and pathologist, founder of cell theory
Oswaldo Vital Brazil (1865–1950), Brazilian physician and immunobiologist, discoverer of several antivenoms against snake, scorpion and spider bites
Bert Vogelstein (born 1949), American geneticist
Karel Voous (1920–2002), Dutch ornithologist
Mary Voytek, American biogeochemist and microbial ecologist
Hugo de Vries (1848–1935), Dutch botanist

W
Frans de Waal (born 1948), Hollandalı-Amerikalı etolog ve primatolog
Coslett Herbert Waddell (1858–1919), Irish botanist
Jeremy Wade (born 1960)  Writer and TV presenter with a special interest in rivers and freshwater fish.
Johann Georg Wagler (1800–1832), German herpetologist
Warren H. Wagner (1920–2000), American botanist
Göran Wahlenberg (1780–1851), Swedish naturalist
Selman Waksman (1888–1973), American biochemist, winner of the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on antibiotics
Charles Athanase Walckenaer (1771–1852), French entomologist
George Wald (1906–1997), American biologist, winner of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on visual perception
Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), British naturalist and biologist
Nathaniel Wallich (1786–1854), Danish botanist
Benjamin Dann Walsh (1808–1869), American entomologist
William Grey Walter (1910–1977), American neurophysiologist and roboticist, made a number of important discoveries in the field of electroencephalography
Deepal Warakagoda (born 1965), Sri Lankan ornithologist
J. Robin Warren (born 1937), Australian pathologist, winner of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery that most stomach ulcers are caused by a strain of bacteria
Charles Waterton (1782–1865), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
James D. Watson (born 1928), Nobel Prize-winning biologist, co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule
Philip Barker Webb (1793–1854), English botanist (abbr. in botany: Webb)
Hugh Algernon Weddell (1819–1877), English botanist (abbr. in botany: Wedd.)
Robert Weinberg (born 1942), American cancer biologist
August Weismann (1834–1914), German biologist
Friedrich Welwitsch (1806–1872), Austrian botanist
Karl Wernicke (1848–1905), German physician and neuroanatomist, discovered Wernicke's area
Victor Westhoff (1916–2001), Dutch botanist
Alexander Wetmore (1886–1978), American ornithologist
William Morton Wheeler (1865–1937), American entomologist and myrmecologist
Gilbert White (1720–1795), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
John White (c. 1756–1832), English botanist
Robert Wiedersheim (1848–1923), German anatomist.
Prince Alexander Philipp Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied (1782–1867), German explorer and biologist.
Hans Wiehler (1930–2003), American botanist (abbr. in botany: Wiehler)
Eric F. Wieschaus (born 1947), American developmental biologist and 1995 Nobel Prize-winner
Torsten Wiesel (born 1924), Swedish-born American neurobiologist, winner of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on information processing in the visual system
Charles Wilkes (1798–1877), American explorer and naturalist
Carl Ludwig Willdenow (1765–1812), German botanist and pharmacist (abbr. in botany: Willd.)
George C. Williams (born 1926), American evolutionary biologist, credited with introducing the gene-centric view of evolution
Francis Willughby (1635–1672), English ornithologist and ichthyologist
Alexander Wilson (1766–1813), Scottish-American ornithologist
David Sloan Wilson (born 1949), American evolutionary biologist
E. A. Wilson (1872–1912), İngiliz doğa bilimci 
Edward O. Wilson (born 1929), American entomologist and father of sociobiology, two time winner of the Pulitzer Prize
Sergei Winogradsky (1856–1953), Russian microbiologist, ecologist and soil scientist who pioneered the cycle of life concept and discovered the biological process of nitrification
Caspar Wistar (1761–1818), American anatomist and physician. The genus Wisteria is named after him
Henry Witherby (1873–1943), British ornithologist
William Withering (1741–1799), English botanist
Carl Woese (born 1928), American microbiologist, identified the Archaea, a major division of organisms
Felisa Wolfe-Simon, American biogeochemist and microbial geobiologist
Wong Siew Te (born 1969), Malaysian zoologist and Sun Bear expert
Flossie Wong-Staal (1947-2020), American virologist
Sewall Wright (1889–1988), American geneticist, co-founder of population genetics
V. C. Wynne-Edwards (1906–1997), Scottish zoologist, introduced the hypothesis of group selection in evolution
Charles Wyville Thompson (1832–1882), Scottish marine biologist

X
John Xantus de Vesey (1825–1894), Amerikalı hayvanbilimci

Y
 William Yarrell (1784–1856), İngiliz doğabilimci

Z
Floyd Zaiger (1926), meyve genetikçi
Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann (1743–1815), Alman zoolog
Karl Alfred von Zittel (1839–1904), Alman paleontolog
Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini (1797–1848), Alman botanikçi
Margarete Zuelzer (1877–1944), Alman biyolog ve zoolog

Doğa bilimciler