Deniz akvaryumu balık türleri listesi

Bu liste, deniz akvaryumu balık türleri listesidir. Listede akvaryum ticaretinde yaygın bir şekilde bakımı yapılan balıklar bulunur. Bazı ender bulunan tuzlu su akvaryumu canlıları ise bu listede bulunmuyor olabilir. Her türün altında kısa açıklamalar verilmiş ve türle ilgili bilgi edinilmesi sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır.

Melekbalığı (Büyük)

Bu tür büyüklüğü ile göz doldurur ve oldukça dayanıklı bir balık türü olarak kabul edilir. Ancak boyutları önemli bir sorundur. Çünkü en az 180 galon yani 681 litre civarında büyük tanklar gerektirir. Bu tür büyük tanklarda ömrünü rahatça geçirebilir. İki büyük melekbalığı aynı akvaryum içerisinde beslenebilir. Büyük bir akvaryumda bakılmaları şartıyla ve gerekli ortam sıcaklığı sağlandığında farklı renk ve vücut şekilleri rahatlıkla görülebilir. Ancak asıl önemli olan melekbalıklarının bakımında sebze diyetleri önemli bir yer tutar. Akvaryumlarında gerektiğinde saklabilecekleri büyük kayalar ve bitkiler olması gerekmektedir. Oldukça korkak olan bu balık türü için bu tür yerler hem olgunlaşmaları hem de yavrulama zamanlarında büyük önem taşırlar. Balıklar gelişmeye devam ettiği süre içerisinde de önemli renk değişikliklerini uğrarlar.

Angelfish (Dwarf)

Although Dwarf Angelfish are smaller and generally more manageable than their larger counterparts, they still have some specific care requirements. They are omnivores, but plenty of vegetable matter, preferably in the form of macroalgae, should be provided for their grazing pleasure. Their suitability for reef tanks is hotly debated, so add at your own risk. Specimens that have been successfully maintained in reef aquaria include the Flame and Coral Beauty angels. However, for obvious reasons they should not be put into tanks with expensive decorative macroalgae.

Anthias

Although Anthias resemble damsels in shape and size, the two should never be confused. Where damsels are the goats of the Saltwater world, Anthias (also called "Fairy Basslets in) are finicky and many starve to death in captivity. In the wild, they eat zooplankton, and will not accept anything but in the aquarium. They also need to be fed nearly constantly, three times a day at least. The best way to ensure the health and longevity of an Anthias is to attach a refugium where you can grow copepods to "drip" into the display tank. Unlike many other saltwater aquarium inhabitants, they can be kept in groups.

Bass and groupers

In this exceedingly large group of fish, few are considered proper aquarium inhabitants, for various reasons including diet and size. Basses vary greatly from species to species. Appropriate research should be done before purchasing a specimen. Many unsuspecting hobbyists bring home cute little specimens of popular aquarium fish such as the lyretail grouper, only to realize several months later that they do not have the resources to care for a meter-long that may cost hundreds of dollars a month to feed.

Basslets & Assessors

Basslets and Assessors are small, long bodied fish strongly resembling Anthias. Their care requirements, however, are closer to those of damsels. They should be kept individually, and generally not with other fish of similar shape and colour. Feeding is easy: they will generally eat any meaty foods offered. Good water quality should be maintained at all times.

{|class="sortable collapsible" cellpadding="4" width="100%" border="1" style="border:1px solid #aaa; border-collapse:collapse"
! align="left" style="background:#F2F3F4" width="170px" | Common name 
!              style="background:#F2F3F4" width="130px" class="unsortable" | Image 
! align="left" style="background:#F2F3F4" width="190px" | Taxonomy 
!              style="background:#F2F3F4" width="100px" | Reef safe
!              style="background:#F2F3F4" width="100px" | Care Level 
! align="left" style="background:#F2F3F4" width="610px" class="unsortable" | Description
!              style="background:#F2F3F4" width="100px" | Max size
|-
| Black cap gramma || || Gramma melacara || align="center" | Yes || align="center" | Moderate || Purple with a black mask beginning at the mouth and ending at the base of the dorsal fin. || align="center" |  
|- 
| Blue assesor || || Assessor macneilli || align="center" | Yes || align="center" | Easy to Moderate || Entirely navy blue with white edging of the dorsal fin. || align="center" |  
|- 
| Royal gramma || || Gramma loreto || align="center" | Yes || align="center" | Easy to Moderate || Purple head and anterior, abruptly changing to yellow about halfway down the body. Has black marking through eye and another on the dorsal fin. Do not confuse with the Brazilian Gramma or the Bicolor Dottyback. || align="center" |  
|- 
| Brazilian gramma || || Gramma brasiliensis || align="center" | Yes || align="center" | Easy to Moderate || Very similar to the royal gramma, however the change from purple to yellow occurs farther down the body and the black markings are absent. || align="center" |  
|- 
| Yellow assessor|| || Assessor flavissimus || align="center" | Yes || align="center" | Easy to Moderate || Bright lemon yellow with peach fringing of the dorsal fin and around the eye. || align="center" |  
|-
|}

Batfish

Batfish are gorgeous and striking fish that are not common in aquaria for one major reason: they get huge. A two or three hundred gallon tank is needed for one, minimum, and larger is better. They start out as tiny, manageable-looking cuties, which often fools aquarists into purchasing them for their small aquariums. However they quickly grow to gargantuan proportions, and require large amounts of food as well as space, so beware. They are not reef safe and should be fed plenty of large meaty foods. 
Batfish change greatly as they grow, however the potential aquarist is most likely to see them in their juvenile form, so that is the description of the colouration here. They all have generally the same body shape: disk-like with tall dorsal and anal fins, similar to a Freshwater Angelfish.

Butterflyfish

Butterflyfish, when properly cared for, can make beautiful and distinctive additions to fish only marine aquariums. Often large and usually not suited for those with smaller aquariums, nor those of the faint of heart. Nevertheless, when fed a varied diet and kept in pristine conditions, Butterflyfish will usually thrive. That is, if you choose the right species. With Butterflyfish, usually a fish is going to survive, or it's not. Many species simply cannot be kept in captivity, and potential keepers must take care to only purchase those species that have a fighting chance. Also, be very picky about which specimen you choose- any sign of mishandling should be taken as a red flag.  
The following species are relatively hardy and an experienced aquarist should have no trouble with them, so long as they are diligent.

Cardinalfish

One of the few groups of shoaling fish commonly available to marine aquarists, Cardinalfish are nocturnal and tend to be quite shy. They require meaty foods and will often not take prepared foods such as flakes and tablets. For the best chance of success, keep a wide variety of frozen foods on hand. In the event of a hunger strike, they will almost always take adult brine shrimp. As far as other care requirements they are similar to damsels: not picky. So long as they are properly acclimated, they tolerate a wide range of parameters. A marine aqaurist should watch the ammonia/nitrite levels of the environment, as cardinalfish are particularly sensitive to these chemicals.

Chromis

Chromis are perhaps the ultimate reef fish. Generally peaceful, most species are easy to take care of and quite colorful. Like anthias, they will school, but in many cases this tendency disappears as they age. They are, nevertheless, at least ambivalent with their own species, as well as completely reef safe. Like Damsels and Anemonefish, their close cousins, Chromis are omnivores and will accept most foods offered. A flake staple is usually sufficient, but for best color and health supplement with frozen and live foods when possible.

Clownfish

Clownfish, more technically known as Anemonefish, are the classic aquarium fish. Both hardy and attractive, they are perhaps best known for their symbiotic relationship with Sea Anemones, a relative of coral. In the wild, Anemonefish are always found with a host, leading many potential keepers to believe that an anemone is necessary to keep them. Anemonefish are easy to keep, but their cnidarian counterparts are inordinately finicky and need high light levels, and luckily Anemonefish will thrive without them. Aquarists often find that Anemonefish will host in other things, from corals and Feather Duster Worms to powerheads and other equipment. 
Anemonefish care is identical to that of Damselfish, as they are actually very closely related.

Damsels
 

All Damselfish can be considered reef-safe, sometimes excluding larger, more aggressive Dascyllus varieties. Some Damselfish will host in anemones like clownfish. Most Damselfish are aggressive and difficult to catch once you put them in an aquarium.

Damselfish change gender as they grow larger and older. Small damselfish are ungendered. Eventually, they become males if no males prevent them from doing so. One or sometimes two males live with a female and guard over the eggs. Females are the largest fish and dominant over the males and juveniles. They will not allow other females into an area they have claimed as their territory without a fight. They may not allow new males or juveniles, either. Aggression increases with each change.

 Dartfish 

Most should be kept as pairs or small groups where all individuals are added at once.

 Goatfish 

While not as common a choice for aquariums as many other species, they are typically hardy and brightly colored

Gobies

Typically are hardy and do not harm invertebrates which makes them a good choice of fish for a reef tank.

 Grunts 

 Hamlet 

Jawfish

Jawfish are burrowers and require a sandy substrate of sufficient depth.

Lionfish

"Lionfish" specifically refer to the genus Pterois within the family Scorpaenidae.  They have venomous spines and should be treated with caution. Other species within Scorpaenidae but outside Pterois may also have "lionfish" in their common names.

 Parrotfish 

Pipefish

Pipefish are relatives of seahorses and require a similar level of care. They should only be bought by experienced aquarium owners. Captive bred specimens are sometimes available, and are significantly more likely to survive.

Pseudochromis

Usually only a single specimen can be kept in an aquarium. Sometimes multiple specimens can be kept in larger aquariums, but usually this requires them to be added at the same time or they will be too territorial.

Rabbitfish

Less commonly kept than some other species, many still make hardy and colorful aquarium residents.

Rays

All rays have a poisonous spine near the base of the tail. Care must be taken to avoid this animal when performing tank maintenance and during capture.

 Scorpionfish 

Because they are relatively inactive fish, most species can be kept in smaller aquariums than other equally large fish, and 30 gallon tanks are not unusual. Because they are capable of eating fish that are surprisingly large, but will often be picked at by fish that eat invertebrates a species tank is often set up for them. Some fish will never accept anything but live food, typically these specimens are fed on gut packed guppies, mollies, or ghost shrimp. Similarly to the lionfish, care should be taken when handling these fish as they are also venomous.

Seahorse

It takes a special aquarist to maintain these delicate beauties. A potential keeper must be dedicated and willing to throw artistic creativity to the winds- as what seahorses need is not always beautiful. They require taller tanks, live/frozen food, and many hitching posts, as well as very peaceful tankmates. In fact, beginners would be well-advised not to mix seahorses with any other species until they have more experience.
Seahorses found in stores are generally Captive Bred, but occasionally one might find a wild caught (WC) specimen. WC Seahorses should only be purchased by seahorse experts who are going to breed them, as they tend to be finicky and most are endangered in the wild. 
One of the advantages of Seahorses is that many species stay small and can (in fact, some should'') be kept in smaller tanks, making them ideal for aquarists who are pressed for space or money.

Seahorses are among the few popular marine aquarium species that can be temperate. Species vary in their temperature requirement, so here an extra category has been added.
TR=Tropical ST=Sub-Tropical TM=Temperate

Squirrelfish

Typically are hardy fish that can be kept with a wide variety of tankmates.

Sharks

Will outgrow most home aquariums.

Snappers

Tangs

Tangs generally feed on algae, though there are a few carnivorous species. Most tangs will not tolerate other fish the same color and/or shape as them. They have a spine on their tails that can cut open other fish and unprotected hands. All tangs should be given plenty of swimming room; try to have at least a 4' tank. Contrary to popular belief they will tolerate smaller (4' to 5') tanks just fine but tend to live better in larger tanks, over 5'.

Tilefish

Though often categorized as gobies, tilefish are a separate species.

Triggerfish

While they are generally considered monsters that will chomp invertebrates, a few species can make great reef fish. Other more aggressive species such as the Undulated Trigger, and Clown Trigger will sometimes be so aggressive that it is necessary to keep as the sole inhabitant of the aquarium. All will require large tanks, with good filtration.

Wrasse

A diverse group of fish with an equally wide range of characteristics. Some wrasse species are aggressive towards small fish and invertebrates, others are reef safe. Some are quite hardy, some typically die within weeks.

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