గాసిపియమ్

గాసిపియమ్ (లాటిన్ Gossypium) పుష్పించే మొక్కలలో మాల్వేసి కుటుంబానికి చెందిన ప్రజాతి.

జాతులు

Commercial cotton species
Commercial cotton fibres, used to manufacture cloth, are derived from the fruit of the cotton plant. The following species are grown commercially:
 Gossypium arboreum L. – tree cotton, native to India and Pakistan 
 Gossypium barbadense L. – known as American, Creole, Egyptian, or sea island cotton, native to tropical South America
 Gossypium herbaceum L. – Levant cotton, native to southern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula
 Gossypium hirsutum L. – upland cotton, native to Central America, Mexico, the Caribbean and southern Florida, the most commonly grown species in the world

Noncommercial species 
 Gossypium australe F.Muell – endemic to northwestern Australia
 Gossypium darwinii – Darwin's cotton, found only on the Galapagos Islands
 Gossypium sturtianum J.H. Willis – Sturt's Desert Rose, native to Australia
 Gossypium thurberii Tod. – Arizona wild cotton, native to Arizona and northern Mexico
 Gossypium tomentosum Nutt. ex Seem – Ma‘o or Hawaiian cotton, endemic to the Hawaiian Islands
Gossypium raimondii – one of the putative progenitor species of tetraploid cotton, alongside G. arboreum

Many varieties of cotton have been developed by selective breeding and hybridisation of the above species. Experiments are ongoing to cross-breed various desirable traits of wild cotton species into the principal commercial species, such as resistance to insects and disease, and drought-tolerance.

Most wild cottons are diploid, but there is a group of five species from America and Pacific islands which are tetraploid, apparently due a single hybridisation 0.5 to 2 million years ago. The tetraploid species are G. hirsutum, G. tomentosum, G. mustelinum, G. barbadense, and G. darwinii.

మూలాలు

బయటి లింకులు 
Central Institute for Cotton Research (India)

మాల్వేసి

fr:Cotonnier
la:Xylon