Scaphidium

Scaphidium er en artsrik slekt av dråpebiller som lever av og på sopp.

Utseende 
Middelsstore, ovale, svært blanke biller, brune eller svarte, ofte med oransje flekker eller bånd. Antenner og bein kan foldes tett inntil kroppen slik at hele billen blir glatt og dråpeformet, og svært vanskelig å få tak på. For ekesmpel er det nesten umulig å plukke opp en slik bille med en pinsett. Hodet er bredt med små fasettøyne. Antennene er temmelig lange og ganske tynne, de to innerste og tre ytterste leddene noe tykkere. Brystskjoldet (pronotum) er glatt, blankt og hvelvet, fint punktert, med jevnt kurvede sidekanter. I bakkanten er det gjerne en tungeformet lobe i midten som helt eller delvis dekker scutellum, men dette gjelder ikke hos de norske artene. Dekkvingene er jevnt rundede, glatte, fint punkterte, med en fure (sømstripen) langs innerkanten, men ellers uten lengdestriper. De er tvert avkuttet bak og dekker ikke bakkroppsspissen på levende eksemplarer. På døde eksemplarer i samlinger er ofte bakkroppen skrumpet sammen slik at den er fullstendig dekket av dekkvingene. Bakkroppen er tilspisset bak. Beina er lange og spinkle.

Levevis 
Dråpebillene lever i og på sopp av ulike slag, både hattsopp, poresopp og slimsopp. Noen arter finner man gjerne mellom løvstrø der de spiser sopphyfer.

Systematisk inndeling  

 Ordenen biller, Coleoptera
 Underordenen Polyphaga
 Overfamilien åtsel- og rovbiller, Staphylinoidea
 Familien kortvinger (Staphylinidae) Latreille, 1802
 Underfamilien dråpebiller, Scaphidiinae
 Stammen Scaphidiini Latreille, 1806
 Slekten Scaphidium Olivier, 1790  – middelsstore med oransje flekker på dekkvingene, ca. 325 arter
 Scaphidium quadrimaculatum Olivier, 1790

Liste over øvrige arter 

 Scaphidium abdominale Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium abyssinicum (Pic, 1954)
 Scaphidium ahrensi Tu & Tang
 Scaphidium alpicola Blackburn, 1891
 Scaphidium alternans Löbl, 1978
 Scaphidium amurense Solsky, 1871
 Scaphidium andrewesi (Achard, 1922)
 Scaphidium angolense Pic, 1940
 Scaphidium angustatum Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium antennatum Reitter, 1880
 Scaphidium anthrax Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium apicicorne (Pic, 1953)
 Scaphidium arrowi Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium ashei Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium aterrimum Reitter, 1880
 Scaphidium atricolor Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium atripenne Gestro, 1879
 Scaphidium atripes Pic, 1946
 Scaphidium atrosuturale Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium atrum A.Matthews, 1888
 Scaphidium baconi Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium badium Heller, 1917
 Scaphidium baezi Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium basale Laporte de Castelnau, 1840
 Scaphidium basilewskyi (Pic, 1955)
 Scaphidium bayibini i Tang et al., 2014
 Scaphidium becvari Löbl, 1999
 Scaphidium benitense (Achard, 1922)
 Scaphidium bicinctum Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium bicolor Laporte de Castelnau, 1840
 Scaphidium bifasciatum Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium bilineatithorax (Pic, 1931)
 Scaphidium binhanum (Pic, 1926)
 Scaphidium binigronotatum (Pic, 1931)
 Scaphidium binominatum Achard, 1915
 Scaphidium bipunctatum L.Redtenbacher, 1868
 Scaphidium bisbimaculatum Pic, 1917
 Scaphidium biseriatum Champion, 1927
 Scaphidium bituberculatum Tang, Liang & Li-Zhen Li, 2012
 Scaphidium biundulatum Champion, 1927
 Scaphidium biwenxuani He, Tang & Li, 2008
 Scaphidium bolivianum (Pic, 1931)
 Scaphidium borneense Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium brendelli Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium brunneopictum (Achard, 1922)
 Scaphidium brunneum Hoshina & Morimoto, 1999
 Scaphidium carinense Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium castaneum Perty, 1830
 Scaphidium castanicolor Csiki, 1924
 Scaphidium celebense Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium cerasinum Oberthür, 1883
 Scaphidium chapuisii Gestro, 1879
 Scaphidium cheesmanae Löbl, 1975
 Scaphidium chinense Li & Jingke, 1992
 Scaphidium chujoi Löbl, 1967
 Scaphidium cinnamomeum Champion, 1927
 Scaphidium clathratum Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium coerulans Löbl, 1978
 Scaphidium collarti (Pic, 1928)
 Scaphidium comes Loebl, 1968
 Scaphidium compressum Achard, 1915
 Scaphidium confusum (Pic, 1926)
 Scaphidium conjuctum Motschulsky, 1860
 Scaphidium connexum Tang et al., 2014
 Scaphidium consimile Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium consobrinum Laporte de Castelnau, 1840
 Scaphidium coomani (Pic, 1926)
 Scaphidium costaricense Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium crassipes Löbl, 2006
 Scaphidium crypticum Tang et al., 2014
 Scaphidium cyanellum Oberthür, 1883
 Scaphidium cyanipenne Gestro, 1879
 Scaphidium dalatense (Pic, 1928)
 Scaphidium decorsei Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium delatouchei Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium deletum Heer, 1847 †
 Scaphidium direptum Tang & Li, 2010
 Scaphidium discerptum (Achard, 1922)
 Scaphidium disclusum (Achard, 1924)
 Scaphidium discoidale Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium discomaculatum (Pic, 1954)
 Scaphidium disconotatum Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium distinctum Achard, 1916
 Scaphidium dohertyi Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium donckieri Pic, 1917
 Scaphidium dureli (Achard, 1922)
 Scaphidium egregium Achard, 1922
 Scaphidium elisabethae (Pic, 1954)
 Scaphidium ellenbergeri (Paulian, 1951)
 Scaphidium elongatum Achard, 1915
 Scaphidium emarginatum Lewis, 1893
 Scaphidium exclamans Oberthür, 1883
 Scaphidium exornatum Oberthür, 1883
 Scaphidium fainanense Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium fairmairei Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium falsum He, Wen-Jia, Liang Tang & Li-Zhen Li, 2008
 Scaphidium fasciatomaculatum Oberthür, 1883
 Scaphidium fasciatum Laporte de Castelnau, 1840
 Scaphidium fascipenne Reitter, 1880
 Scaphidium feai Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium femorale Lewis, 1893
 Scaphidium flavicorne Löbl, 2006
 Scaphidium flavofasciatum Miwa & Mitono, 1943
 Scaphidium flavomaculatum Miwa & Nitono, 1943
 Scaphidium flohri Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium formosanum Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium fossulatum Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium frater He, Wen-Jia, Liang Tang & Li-Zhen Li, 2008
 Scaphidium fraternum Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium fryi Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium fukiense Pic, 1954
 Scaphidium gabonicum (Paulian, 1951)
 Scaphidium geniculatum Oberthür, 1883
 Scaphidium gestroi Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium gibbosum Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium gounellei Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium grande Gestro, 1880
 Scaphidium grandidieri Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium grouvellei Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium guanacaste Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium guillermogonzalezi Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium gurung Löbl, 1992
 Scaphidium harmandi Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium hexaspilotum (Achard, 1924)
 Scaphidium holzschuhi Löbl, 1992
 Scaphidium ifanense (Pic, 1951)
 Scaphidium ilanum Löbl, 2006
 Scaphidium impictum Boheman, 1851
 Scaphidium impuncticolle Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium inagoense F.Kimura, 2008
 Scaphidium incisum Lewis, 1893
 Scaphidium incrassatum Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium indicum Löbl, 1979
 Scaphidium inexspectatum Löbl, 1999
 Scaphidium inflexitibiale Tang & Li, 2010
 Scaphidium innotatum (Pic, 1940)
 Scaphidium inornatum Gestro, 1879
 Scaphidium interruptum Fairmaire, 1897
 Scaphidium irregulare Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium jacobsoni Achard, 1921
 Scaphidium japonum Reitter, 1877
 Scaphidium javanum Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium jinmingi Tang et al., 2014
 Scaphidium jizuense Löbl, 1999
 Scaphidium klapperichi Pic, 1954
 Scaphidium kubani Löbl, 1999
 Scaphidium kumejimaense Hoshina & Maruyama, 1999
 Scaphidium kurbatovi Löbl, 1999
 Scaphidium kurosawai Löbl, 2006
 Scaphidium lafertei Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium laosense (Pic, 1928)
 Scaphidium lateflavum (Pic, 1928)
 Scaphidium laxum Tang & Li, 2010
 Scaphidium leleupi (Pic, 1954)
 Scaphidium lescheni Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium lesnei Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium lewisi (Achard, 1923)
 Scaphidium lineaticolle A.Matthews, 1888
 Scaphidium lineatipes (Pic, 1925)
 Scaphidium linwenhsini Tang, Liang & Li-Zhen Li, 2013
 Scaphidium liui Tang & Li, 2010
 Scaphidium loebli Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium longicolle Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium longipenne Achard, 1921
 Scaphidium longithorax Pic, 1916
 Scaphidium longum Tang & Li, 2010
 Scaphidium lucidum Achard, 1915
 Scaphidium lunare Löbl, 1999
 Scaphidium lunatum Motschulsky, 1859
 Scaphidium luteomaculatum (Pic, 1923)
 Scaphidium luzonicum (Achard, 1924)
 Scaphidium macuilimaculatum Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium maculaticeps (Pic, 1923)
 Scaphidium madecassum Pic, 1917
 Scaphidium madurense Achard, 1915
 Scaphidium malaccanum Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium mangenoti (Paulian, 1951)
 Scaphidium marginale Reitter, 1880
 Scaphidium marginatum A.Matthews, 1888
 Scaphidium martapuranum Pic, 1916
 Scaphidium mastersii W.J.MacLeay, 1871
 Scaphidium matthewsi Csiki, 1904
 Scaphidium mauroi Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium maynei (Pic, 1954)
 Scaphidium medionigrum Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium melanogaster Löbl, 1992
 Scaphidium melli Löbl, 1972
 Scaphidium metallescens Gestro, 1879
 Scaphidium minutum Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium monteithi Löbl, 1976
 Scaphidium montivagum Shirozu & Morimoto, 1963
 Scaphidium morimotoi Löbl, 1982
 Scaphidium multinotatum Pic, 1921
 Scaphidium multipunctatum (Pic, 1928)
 Scaphidium negrito Heller, 1917
 Scaphidium nepalense Löbl, 1992
 Scaphidium newtoni Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium nigripes Guérin-Méneville, 1834
 Scaphidium nigrocinctulum Oberthur, 1884
 Scaphidium nigromaculatum Reitter, 1880
 Scaphidium nigrosuturale Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium nigrotibiale Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium nigrum Laporte de Castelnau, 1840
 Scaphidium nopillohuan Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium notaticolle Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium notatum (Pic, 1923)
 Scaphidium obliteratum LeConte, 1860
 Scaphidium ocellatum Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium ocelotl Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium oculare (Pic, 1923)
 Scaphidium okinawaense Hoshina & Morimoto, 1999
 Scaphidium omemaculatum Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium optabile (Lewis, 1893)
 Scaphidium orbiculosum Reitter, 1880
 Scaphidium ornatum Casey, 1900
 Scaphidium overlaeti (Pic, 1954)
 Scaphidium pallidum He, Wen-Jia, Liang Tang & Li-Zhen Li, 2008
 Scaphidium palonense Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium panamense Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium pantherinum Oberthür, 1883
 Scaphidium papuanum Löbl, 1975
 Scaphidium pardale Laporte de Castelnau, 1840
 Scaphidium patinoi Oberthür, 1883
 Scaphidium pauliani Leschen & Löbl, 1995
 Scaphidium pech Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium peckorum Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium peninsulare Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium peraffine Oberthür, 1883
 Scaphidium perezrodriguezae Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium perpulchrum Csiki, 1909
 Scaphidium philippense Reitter, 1880
 Scaphidium phungi Pic, 1923
 Scaphidium picconii Gestro, 1879
 Scaphidium piceoapicale (Pic, 1940)
 Scaphidium piceum Melsheimer, 1844
 Scaphidium pilarae Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium politum Fairmaire, 1900
 Scaphidium pulchellum Reitter, 1880
 Scaphidium punctaticolle Pic, 1923
 Scaphidium punctatostriatum H.J.Kolbe, 1897
 Scaphidium punctatum Laporte de Castelnau, 1840
 Scaphidium punctipenne W.J.MacLeay, 1871
 Scaphidium pusillum Gyllenhal, 1808
 Scaphidium pygidiale Pic, 1917
 Scaphidium quadriguttatum Say, 1823
 Scaphidium quadrillum Fairmaire, 1898
 Scaphidium quadrimaculatum A.G.Olivier, 1790
 Scaphidium quadriplagatum Achard, 1915
 Scaphidium quadripustulatum (Fabricius, 1775)
 Scaphidium quinquemaculatum Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium reductum (Pic, 1954)
 Scaphidium reitteri Lewis, 1879
 Scaphidium reni Tang & Li, 2010
 Scaphidium rhopaliparamerosum Li, Chen & Lü, 2020
 Scaphidium robustum Tang et al., 2014
 Scaphidium rochaloredoae Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium rosenbergi Pic, 1956
 Scaphidium rouyeri Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium rubicundum Reitter, 1880
 Scaphidium rubricolle (Pic, 1951)
 Scaphidium rubritarse Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium ruficolor Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium ruficorne Fairmaire, 1898
 Scaphidium rufipenne Pic, 1917
 Scaphidium rufipes Pic, 1922
 Scaphidium rufitarse Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium rufofemorale Löbl, 2006
 Scaphidium rufofemoratum Pic, 1921
 Scaphidium rufonotatum (Pic, 1928)
 Scaphidium rufopygum Lewis, 1893
 Scaphidium rufum Brancsik, 1893
 Scaphidium rugatum Löbl, 1976
 Scaphidium russipenne Li, Chen & Lü, 2020
 Scaphidium sakura Hoshina, 2001
 Scaphidium salvazai (Pic, 1928)
 Scaphidium sauteri Miwa & Nitono, 1943
 Scaphidium schuelkei Löbl, 1999
 Scaphidium scutellatum Panzer, 1792
 Scaphidium semiflavum Gestro, 1879
 Scaphidium semilimbatum Pic, 1917
 Scaphidium septemmaculatum (Pic, 1940)
 Scaphidium septemnotatum Champion, 1927
 Scaphidium seriatum Heller, 1917
 Scaphidium shelfordi (Achard, 1922)
 Scaphidium shibatai Kimura, 1987
 Scaphidium shirakii Miwa & Nitono, 1943
 Scaphidium sichuanum Löbl, 1999
 Scaphidium sikorai (Pic, 1915)
 Scaphidium simile Laporte de Castelnau, 1840
 Scaphidium simplicicolle (Pic, 1923)
 Scaphidium sinense Pic, 1954
 Scaphidium sinuatum Csiki, 1924
 Scaphidium solukhumbu Löbl & Ogawa, 2016
 Scaphidium sondaicum Gestro, 1879
 Scaphidium spinatum Tang & Li, 2010
 Scaphidium stigmatinotum Loebl, 1999
 Scaphidium striatipenne Gestro, 1879
 Scaphidium striatum Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium suarezicum Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium subdepressum Pic, 1921
 Scaphidium subelongatum Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium subpunctatum (Pic, 1951)
 Scaphidium sulcaticolle (Pic, 1923)
 Scaphidium sulcatum Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium sulcipenne Gestro, 1879
 Scaphidium sylhetense Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium taichii F.Kimura, 2008
 Scaphidium takahashii Miwa & Nitono, 1943
 Scaphidium takemurai Nakane, 1956
 Scaphidium tecuani Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium testaceum Reitter, 1880
 Scaphidium teuhtimaculatum Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium thakali Löbl, 1992
 Scaphidium thayerae Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium theni Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium thomasi (Pic, 1926)
 Scaphidium tibiale Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium tiboense (Pic, 1928)
 Scaphidium tlatlauhqui Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium tlileuac Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium tlilmetztli Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium transversale A.Matthews, 1888
 Scaphidium tricolor Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium trimaculatum Löbl, 1976
 Scaphidium trinotatum Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium tuberculipes (Löbl, 1972)
 Scaphidium tzinti Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium uinduri Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium undulatum Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium unifasciatum Pic, 1916
 Scaphidium vagefasciatum Pic, 1920
 Scaphidium variabile A.Matthews, 1888    Species
 Scaphidium variegatum Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium varifasciatum Tang et al., 2014
 Scaphidium vernicatum Pic, 1954
 Scaphidium vicinum Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium violaceipenne Pic, 1927
 Scaphidium viride Löbl, 1978
 Scaphidium vitalisi Achard, 1920
 Scaphidium vittipenne Oberthür, 1883
 Scaphidium waterstradti Pic, 1915
 Scaphidium wuyongxiangi He, Tang & Li, 2008
 Scaphidium xicaltetl Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium xolotl Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium yasumatsui Shirôzu & Morimoto, 1963
 Scaphidium yayactic Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium yeilineatum Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium yeti Löbl & Ogawa, 2016
 Scaphidium yinziweii Tang, Liang & Li-Zhen Li, 2012
 Scaphidium yocupitziae Fierros-López, 2005
 Scaphidium yunnanum Fairmaire, 1886
 Scaphidium yuzhizhoui Tang, Tu & Li
 Scaphidium zhoushuni He, Wen-Jia, Liang Tang & Li-Zhen Li, 2009

Referanser

Kilder 
 Silfverberg, H. 1992. Enumeratio Coleopterorum Fennoscandiae, Daniae et Baltiae (Liste over Nordens biller). Helsinki

Eksterne lenker 
 
 Majka, C. A guide to the Scaphidiinae (Shining Fungus Beetles) of Atlantic Canada.

Dråpebiller
Biller formelt beskrevet i 1790
Dyr formelt beskrevet av Guillaume-Antoine Olivier