इंटरनॅशनल स्टँडर्ड नेम आयडेंटिफायर

इंटरनॅशनल स्टॅंडर्ड नेम आयडेंटिफायर (आयएसएनआय) हे
पुस्तके, दूरदर्शन कार्यक्रम आणि वृत्तपत्र लेखांसारख्या मीडिया सामग्रीस, योगदानकर्त्यांची सार्वजनिक ओळख अनन्यपणे ओळखण्यासाठी एक अभिज्ञापक आहे. अशा आयडेंटिफायरमध्ये 16 अंक आहेत.ते चार खंडात विभाजित केल्याप्रमाणे, वैकल्पिकरित्या प्रदर्शित केले जाऊ शकते.

ते आंतरराष्ट्रीय मानकीकरण मसूदा27729; म्हणून आंतरराष्ट्रीय मानकीकरण संस्थेच्या मार्गदर्शनाखाली विकसित करण्यात आले.ती वैध मानके ही दिनांक १५ मार्च २०१२ला प्रकाशित करण्यात आलीत.आयएसओची तांत्रिक समिती४६, उपसमिती९ (TC 46/SC 9)ही त्याचे विकासासाठी जबाबदार आहे.

It was developed under the auspices of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as Draft International Standard 27729; the valid standard was published on 15 March 2012. The ISO technical committee 46, subcommittee 9 (TC 46/SC 9) is responsible for the development of the standard.

ISNI can be used to disambiguate names that might otherwise be confused, and links the data about names that are collected and used in all sectors of the media industries.

आयएसएनआय प्रारूप
The FAQ of the isni.org websites states "An ISNI is made up of 16 digits, the last character being a check character."

Format without space
MARC: it was proposed to store the ISNI without spaces, e.g. $0(isni)1234567899999799 
isni.org URL: no spaces, e.g. http://www.isni.org/isni/000000012281955X
viaf.org:
URL https://viaf.org/viaf/sourceID/ISNI%7C000000012281955X
URL https://viaf.org/processed/ISNI%7C000000012281955X
the data dumps contain it in form ISNI|000000012281955X

Format with space
In display it is frequently shown with spaces.
isni.org 
viaf.org

आयएसएनआयचे वापर
The ISNI allows a single identity (such as an author's pseudonym or the imprint used by a publisher) to be identified using a unique number. This unique number can then be linked to any of the numerous other identifiers that are used across the media industries to identify names and other forms of identity.

An example of the use of such a number is the identification of a musical performer who is also a writer both of music and of poems. Where he or she might currently be identified in many different databases using numerous private and public identification systems, under the ISNI system, he or she would have a single linking ISNI record. The many different databases could then exchange data about that particular identity without resorting to messy methods such as comparing text strings. An often quoted example in the English language world is the difficulty faced when identifying 'John Smith' in a database. While there may be many records for 'John Smith', it is not always clear which record refers to the specific 'John Smith' that is required.

If an author has published under several different names or pseudonyms, each such name will receive its own ISNI.

ISNI can be used by libraries and archives when sharing catalogue information; for more precise searching for information online and in databases, and it can aid the management of rights across national borders and in the digital environment.

ओआरसीआयडी
ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) identifiers consist of a reserved block of ISNI identifiers for scholarly researchers and administered by a separate organisation. Individual researchers can create and claim their own ORCID identifier. The two organisations coordinate their efforts.

ISNI governance
ISNI is governed by an 'International Agency', commonly known as the ISNI-IA. This UK registered, not-for-profit company has been founded by a consortium of organisations consisting of the Confédération Internationale des Sociétés d´Auteurs et Compositeurs (CISAC), the Conference of European National Librarians (CENL), the International Federation of Reproduction Rights Organisations (IFRRO), the International Performers Database Association (IPDA), the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) and ProQuest. It is managed by directors nominated from these organisations and, in the case of CENL, by representatives of the Bibliothèque nationale de France and the British Library.

ISNI assignment
ISNI-IA uses an assignment system comprising a user interface, data-schema, disambiguation algorithms, and database that meets the requirements of the ISO standard, while also using existing technology where possible. The system is based primarily on the Virtual International Authority File (VIAF) service, which has been developed by OCLC for use in the aggregation of library catalogues.

Access to the assignment system and database, and to the numbers that are generated as the output of the process, are controlled by independent bodies known as 'registration agencies'. These registration agencies deal directly with customers, ensuring that data is provided in appropriate formats and recompensing the ISNI-IA for the cost of maintaining the assignment system. Registration agencies are appointed by ISNI-IA but will be managed and funded independently.

Coverage
As of 2017-08-05 ISNI holds public records of over 9.41 million identities, including 8.757 million individuals (of which 2.606 million are researchers) and 654,074 organisations.

हेही बघा
 Authority control
 Digital Author Identification (DAI)
 International Standard Text Code (ISTC)
 ResearcherID
 Ringgold identifier

References

पुढील वाचन
Smith-Yoshimura, Karen, Janifer Gatenby, Grace Agnew, Christopher Brown, Kate Byrne, Matt
Carruthers, Peter Fletcher, Stephen Hearn, Xiaoli Li, Marina Muilwijk, Chew Chiat Naun, John Riemer,
Roderick Sadler, Jing Wang, Glen Wiley, and Kayla Willey. 2016. Addressing the Challenges with
Organizational Identifiers and ISNI. Dublin, Ohio: OCLC Research.
http://www.oclc.org/content/dam/research/publications/2016/oclcresearch-organizational-identifiers-and-isni-2016.pdf.

बाह्य दुवे

आय.एस.ओ.
अनन्य ओळखणी
ग्रंथालय सूचिकरण व वर्गीकरण