레밍턴 암스

레밍턴 암즈 회사 (Remington Arms Company, LLC), 레밍턴 (Remington)은 미국의 총기 제조 회사이자 탄약 제조 회사였다. 총기 제조업체는 "레밍턴 암스"이다. 탄약 사업은 간단히 '레밍턴'이라고 불린다. 해체된 회사는 레밍턴 아웃도어 컴퍼니라고 불렸다. 2020년 레밍턴 아웃도어 컴퍼니의 말린 화기 사업부를 스텀, 루거 & 컴퍼니가 인수했다.

1816년 엘리펄트 레밍턴 (Eliphalet Remington)에 의해 뉴욕에서 설립되었다. 그것은 미국에서 가장 오래된 총기 제조 업체들 중 하나이며, 미국에서 여전히 원조로 불리우는 제품을 만든 가장 오래된 공장이라고 주장했다. 2015년 알코올, 담배, 화기 및 폭발물국에 따르면 이 회사는 북아메리카에서 가장 큰 소총 제조업체였다.이 회사는 또 다른 총기 제조 업체나 탄약 제조 업체보다 더 많은 카트리지를 개발했다.

별도 회사로 분할된 사업
2015년까지 프리덤 그룹(Freedom Group)의 일부였으며, 어떤 까다로운 캐피털 매니지먼트의 소유로 바뀌었다.2 014년에 있는 새로운 공장 앨라배마 주에서 민수용 바리에이션 스타일 반자동 소총과 레밍턴 1911 R1 권총을 생산하기 위해 지어졌다. 2015년, 프리덤 그룹은 레밍턴 아웃도어 컴퍼니로 개명했다.

레밍턴은 2018년 3월 9억 5천만 달러의 빚을 지고 미국 법전 보호를 신청했다. 레밍턴 총기 제조 업체 5월 2018년, 두달이 안 되어 11장에서는 법률에 의거 보호를 신청한 후, 파산에서는 재빠르출구는 채권자의 97%에 의해 지지된 사전 승인된 구조 조정 계획 때문이었다. 파산을 빠져 나왔다.

2020년 7월 28일, 레밍턴은 챕터 11 파산보호를 다시 신청했다.자산은 분할되어 다양한 구매자들에게 팔렸다. 레밍턴이라는 상표는 비스타 아웃도어가 여러 종류의 탄약을 판매하기 위해 사용했다.

해체 후, 두 회사는 현재 레밍턴 (Remington Ammunition and Remington Arms, LLC) 이라는 이름을 사용하고 있다.

역사

19세기

The Remington company was founded in 1816. Eliphalet Remington II (1793–1861) believed he could build a better gun than he could buy. Remington began designing and building a flintlock rifle for himself. At age 23 (in late 1816), he entered a shooting match; though he finished second, his well-made gun impressed other contestants. Before Remington left the field that day, he had received so many orders from other competitors that he had officially entered the gunsmithing business. By 1828, he moved his operation to nearby Ilion. This site is still used by the modern Remington firearms plant.

On March 7, 1888, ownership of E. Remington & Sons was sold by the Remington family to new owners, Marcellus Hartley and Partners. This consisted of Hartley and Graham of New York, New York, a major sporting goods chain who also owned the Union Metallic Cartridge Company in Bridgeport and the Winchester Repeating Arms Company of New Haven, both in Connecticut. At this time the name was formally changed to the Remington Arms Company.

20세기

In 1912, Remington and Union Metallic Cartridge Company were combined into a single entity, called Remington UMC. In the early 21st century, Remington still produces U.M.C. brand ammunition. In 1915, the plant at Ilion was expanded, and with this expansion became basically the same plant as today.

During the early years of World War I, Remington produced arms under contract for several Allied powers. Remington produced M1907-15 Berthier rifles for France, Pattern 1914 Enfield rifles for Britain, and Model 1891 Mosin–Nagant rifles for Imperial Russia. As the war intensified, Remington increased production to meet demand.

When the US entered the war, Remington became deeply involved in the war effort. Remington developed and produced the US M1917 Enfield rifle, a simplified version of the British Pattern 1914, and also developed the Pedersen device. Between 1918 and 1919, Remington produced roughly 21,000 M1911 for the war effort.

Remington was left with huge stocks of guns and ammunition, and no prospects for payment. The US government purchased the firearms.

During the Great Depression, Remington was purchased by DuPont, which had made its name with improvements to gunpowder. A year later, Remington purchased the Peters Cartridge Company; today, many of the Remington headstamps still have "R-P" on them for Remington-Peters.

In 1940, the US Army became worried about its ammunition capacity, asked Remington to collaborate on a plan for national expansion. With the aid of DuPont, Remington built the Lake City Army Ammunition Plant (originally named Lake City Arsenal) and Denver Ordnance ammunition plants, and three more plants later on, including the Lowell Ordnance Plant. Though the plants belonged to the US government, Remington was asked to oversee their operation. Among the weapons Remington manufactured for the government during World War II was the famous M1903A3 Springfield bolt-action rifle.

During the 1950s and 1960s, Remington branched out into other products besides guns, with the purchase of Mall Tool Company in 1956. One of the products was chain saws.

In 1962, Remington introduced the Model 700 bolt-action rifle. The rifle became one of Remington's most successful firearms, and quickly lent itself to developments of many sub-variants, including the Remington 700 BDL, Remington 700PSS for police and law enforcement agencies (the rifle, later renamed 700P, is very popular among law enforcement agencies) and the military M24 SWS, which was the United States Army standard sniper rifle between 1988 and 2010. It is still used by other armed forces around the world, such as the IDF. Other firearms companies designed and manufactured sniper rifles based on the reliable and accurate Remington Model 700 action.

In 1986, Remington closed its ammunition plant in Bridgeport, Connecticut, transferring operations to a new facility in Lonoke, Arkansas. A year later, Remington built a new clay targets plant in Athens, Georgia. According to an article in The New York Times, in 1993, Remington's parent company—DuPont de Nemours & Company (DuPont)—sold Remington to the New York investment firm Clayton, Dubilier & Rice (CD&R) for $300 million. The Times, citing the National Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association said that "rifle and shotgun sales totaled $900 million" in 1992. Citing the National Shooting Sports Foundation president, the article said that since 1986, "interest in hunting" had "declined". The sale of long guns—which represented 75% of Remington sales has become "slack" by 1993, while the sale of handguns had become the "fastest-growing segment" of the gun industry.

21세기
In June 2007, a private equity firm, Cerberus Capital Management, acquired Remington Arms for $370 million, including $252 million in assumed debt. Remington was millions of dollars in debt and did not report a profit during the years 2003–2005.

In December 2007, Remington Arms acquired rifle-maker Marlin Firearms. As of 2009, ammunition sales continued to remain high during the ongoing United States Ammunition Shortage. Chief Executive Officer Ted Torbeck said that consumer concerns over future restrictions, and taxes on ammunition and firearms by the Obama administrations, were creating a rise in demand.

In October 2009, Remington Military products acquired suppressor manufacturer Advanced Armament Corporation. In 2010, Remington introduced the fastest commercially available shotgun shell, Hypersonic Steel, with a patented wad technology that allows the shot to travel at .

After a 12-year absence from the handgun market, Remington announced the Model 1911 R1. It had ceased production in 1998 of its last handgun, the Model XP-100R. Later that year, Remington introduced the Versa Max auto-loading shotgun. Its patented "Versa Port" system self-regulates gas pressure based on the length of the cartridge used, enabling the shotgun to shoot light  target loads,  hunting loads, and  magnum hunting loads.

In 2012, Remington won a US Army contract to manufacture 24,000 M4A1 carbines at $673 per unit worth $16,163,252 total.

In 2013, for the first time since 1928, Remington began to offer an air rifle, called the "Remington Express."

In 2014, the company decided to move some manufacturing from Ilion, New York to Huntsville, Alabama. The president of United Mine Workers Local 717, which represented workers at Ilion expressed fears about the future of the New York facility and blaming the NY SAFE Act for the company's decision to favor Alabama over New York. Subsequently, about 100 Remington jobs were shifted from New York to Alabama.

Beginning in late 2017, Remington began bankruptcy planning, having suffered declining sales and reputation; damage from an August 2017 exposé on the CBS news program “60 Minutes” about X-Mark Pro trigger defects linked to several deaths, and amassed some $950 million worth of debt. The low sales and debt were blamed on either a reduction in "panic-buying", or diminishing quality and reputation. Remington filed for bankruptcy in March 2018.  Remington exited bankruptcy on May 17, 2018, less than two months later. The company's quick exit was due to a pre-approved restructuring plan supported by 97% of its creditors, which cancelled all shares of common stock issued prior to the commencement of the bankruptcy proceedings, and issuance of new shares to convert over $775 million of company debt into equity.

The families of nine victims and a teacher who were shot and survived the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting with a Remington Bushmaster rifle filed a wrongful death lawsuit in Connecticut state court seeking a jury trial to recover unspecified damages. The case was briefly moved to federal court before being referred back to the state court level. In 2016, the suit was initially dismissed by a Connecticut Superior Court citing the immunity provided to firearms manufacturers by the federal Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act (PLCAA) of 2005. The suit was delayed by Remington's bankruptcy. On March 14, 2019, the Connecticut Supreme Court ruled 4–3 that the suit's wrongful marketing claim could proceed to trial under Connecticut's Unfair Trade Practices Act (CUTPA) which addressed marketing including "truly unethical and irresponsible marketing practices promoting criminal conduct" and was not preempted by the PLCAA. The US Supreme Court declined to hear the case. On February 15, 2022, it was announced that a $73,000,000 settlement had been reached between the Sandy Hook families and Remington's insurers.

On July 28, 2020, it filed again for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. During the bankruptcy auction in September 2020, Remington Outdoor Company was sold in parts. The Remington Arms business and the non-Marlin firearms business was sold to Roundhill Group LLC. Remington's ammunition business, brand name and trademarks were sold to Vista Outdoor.

생산공장 이전
On February 17, 2014, Remington announced a plan to build a new state-of-the-art plant in Huntsville, Alabama. Remington decided to move two production lines from the Ilion, New York plant as a result of the fallout from the NY SAFE Act, which restricted gun ownership in response to the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting. AR-15 style semi-automatic rifles from Bushmaster, DPMS, and Remington Remington R-15 and 1911 style R-1 pistols were produced in the plant. The plant was touted by Alabama's Department of Commerce Secretary and by Remington as a boon to Alabama's economy. The new plant consolidated Remington's production to promote efficiency and lower production costs. Experts in the gun industry believed that Remington would eventually leave its New York roots to have its plants in states that were more gun-friendly.

On November 8th, 2021, it was announced that Remington Firearms would relocate its global headquarters to LaGrange, Georgia. This location is planned to contain a new advanced manufacturing operation as well as a research and development center.

프로덕션 사이트 
The Bushmaster AR-15 style rifle and 1911 pattern R-1 lines from Ilion, New York, were produced at a plant constructed in 2014 in Huntsville, Alabama. DPMS Panther Arms moved from St. Cloud, MN to the new Alabama facility.

Remington's former ammunition factory in Bridgeport, Connecticut, was investigated by the Travel Channel's, Ghost Adventures in 2009. The site was eventually purchased by Peter DiNardo Enterprises Inc. and is scheduled for demolition.

As of 2021, Vista Outdoor doubled the number of workers at its Lonoke factory purchased out of the Remington bankruptcy auction. The facility employs 900 people.

국가의 상징
레밍턴 소총은 과테말라의 국기와 과테말라의 국장에 사용된다.

레밍턴 파이어암즈
레밍턴 웹 사이트의 목록을 기반으로 한다.

소총

볼트-액션 (소총)
 레밍턴 주니어타겟 521TL
 레밍턴 – Keene 라이플
 M1903 스프링필드 라이플
 M1917 인필드 라이플
 레밍턴 모델 5
 모델 6
 모델 7
 레밍턴 모델 30
 레밍턴 모델 31
 레밍턴 모델 33
 레밍턴 모델 34
 레밍턴 모델 241
 레밍턴 모델 504
 레밍턴 모델 511 스코어마스터
 레밍턴 모델 512 스포츠마스터
 레밍턴 모델 513
 모델 541S
 모델 541T
 레밍턴 모델 580
 레밍턴 모델 591
 레밍턴 모델 592
 레밍턴 모델 600
 레밍턴 모델 660
 레밍턴 모델 673
 레밍턴 모델 700
 레밍턴 모델 710
 레밍턴 모델 720
 레밍턴 모델 721
 레밍턴 모델 722
 레밍턴 모델 725
 레밍턴 모델 770
 레밍턴 모델 783
 레밍턴 모델 788
 레밍턴 모델 798
 레밍턴 모델 799
 레밍턴 MSR
 레밍턴 M24
 레밍턴 XM2010

펌프-액션 (소총)
 레밍턴 모델 14
 레밍턴 모델 121 필드마스터
 레밍턴 모델 141
 레밍턴 모델 572 필드마스터
 레밍턴 모델 760
 레밍턴 모델 6
 레밍턴 스포츠맨 76
 레밍턴 모델 7600 라이플
 레밍턴 모델 12
 레밍턴 모델 25

세미-오토매틱 (라이플)
 레밍턴 모델 4
 레밍턴 모델 8
 레밍턴 나일론 66
 레밍턴 522 바이퍼 모델 522
 레밍턴 모델 550-1
 레밍턴 모델 552
 레밍턴 모델 740
 레밍턴 모델 742
 모델 750
 레밍턴 모델 7400
 레밍턴 모델 R-15
 레밍턴 모델 R-25
 레밍턴 반자동 저격 시스템 (RSASS)

단발 수동 장전
 레밍턴 롤링 백 라이플
 레밍턴 해군 모형 1865 권총
 레밍턴-헵번 3호 낙하 블록 소총
 레밍턴 롤링 블록 모델 4
 레밍턴 롤링 블록 모델 6

오토매틱
 레밍턴 R4
 어댑티브 전투 소총 (ACR, 군사 버전에서만, 민간인 버전 부시 마스터 Firearms 국제에 의해 제작된다.)
 레밍턴 R5 RGP (레밍턴 가스 피스톤)

산탄총
 레밍턴 R870

펌프-액션 (산탄총)
 레밍턴 모델 10
 레밍턴 모델 17
 모델 29
 레밍턴 모델 31
 레밍턴 모델 870
 레밍턴 모델 887

세미-오토매틱 (산탄총)
 레밍턴 모델 11 (브라우닝 오토-5)
 레밍턴 11-48
 레밍턴 11-87
 레밍턴 모델 11-96 - "Euro Lightweight"
 레밍턴 모델 58 – "Sportsman 58"
 레밍턴 모델– "878 Automaster"
 레밍턴 모델 1100
 레밍턴 모델 SP-10
 레밍턴 스파르탄 453 SPR 453 – "Spartan 453"
 레밍턴 버르사 맥스
 레밍턴 V3

브레이크-액션 (shotgun)
 레밍턴 스파르탄 100 (SPR 100)
 레밍턴 스파르탄 310 (SPR 310)
 모델 32
 모델 3200
 모델 3 (Remington Model 3)
 레밍턴 모델 9 (Remington Model 9)
 레밍턴 모델 (Remington Model 1894 SXS)

권총

반자동 (권총)
 레밍턴 1911 R1
 레밍턴 모델 51
 레밍턴 R51
 레밍턴 RM380
 레밍턴 RP9
 레밍턴 RP45

델린저
 레밍턴 라이더 싱글샷 권총 (Remington Rider Single Shot Pistol)
 레밍턴 지그재그 델린저 (Remington Zig-Zag Derringer)
 레밍턴 모델 95 (Remington Model 95)

리볼버
 레밍턴 1858년 모델 (캡록 메커니즘 리볼버)
 레밍턴 모델 1875 (금속 탄피 권총)
 레밍턴 모델 1890 (거의 변화가 없는 1875년식 모델의 진화)

다른 무기
 레밍턴 XP-100, 많은 탄을 발사할 수 있는 볼트액션 권총
 익스프레스 에어 라이플 (익스프레스 에어 라이플)

각주

외부 링크 
 

1816년 설립된 기업
무기 제조 회사
2020년 설립된 기업
미국의 화기 제조사
인수 합병