バハオラの霊廟

バハオラの霊廟（バハオラのれいびょう、Shrine of Baháʼu'lláh）、バージの館（バージのやかた、アラビア語：قصر بهجي, Qasr Bahjī, mansion of delight）は、イスラエルのアッカにある夏の家で、バハイ教の開祖であるバハオラが1892年に死去したところ。

隣接する家に埋葬され、巡礼の地であるバハオラの霊廟となり、バハイのゲブレともなりました。この一帯は「アル・バハジャー（喜びの場所）」と呼ばれるようになりました。

バージの館 

バハオラの息子 アブドル・バハ は、父であるバハオラとその家族が住むためにこの邸宅を借り、その後購入しました。バハオラははマズライからバージに移り、亡くなるまでこの建物に住んでいました。 1890年、ケンブリッジの東洋学者 Edward Granville Browne はこの家でバハオラに会い、 この後、有名なバハオラのペン画を描きました。

1892年に亡くなったバハオラは、周囲の建物のひとつに埋葬されました。 敷地内にはハラム・イ・アクダス（最も神聖な境内または聖域）と呼ばれる楽園が整備され、バハオラの廟を周回する円形の道が交差しています。 邸宅、霊廟、周囲の庭園は、バハイ教徒にとって地球上で最も神聖な場所の一つであり、バハイ教徒の巡礼地となっています。

The Shrine of Baháʼu'lláh is composed of a central area that contains a small, tree-filled garden surrounded by paths covered with Persian rugs. A glass roof was constructed by Qulám-ʻAlíy-i-Najjár after the death of Baháʼu'lláh. At the northwest corner of the central area there is a small room containing Baháʼu'lláh's remains. The central area has doors to a number of other rooms that have, in recent years, been opened to accommodate the growing number of pilgrims and visitors.

During obligatory prayers Baháʼís face the Qiblih, which is the Shrine of Baháʼu'lláh, comparable in practice to Muslims facing the Kaaba during daily prayer, or Christians/Jews facing Jerusalem. The Báb changed the direction of prayer to He whom God shall make manifest, a role claimed by Baháʼu'lláh. Baháʼís during his lifetime prayed facing the person of Bahá'u'lláh, until the spot became fixed when he was buried. A Tablet explaining this existed but had been stolen by Covenant-breakers.

The shrine and its surrounding gardens, as well as the Mansion of Bahjí, were inscribed on the World Heritage List in July 2008.

The area was originally a garden planted by Sulayman Pasha, who was the ruler of Acre, for his daughter Fatimih, and he named it Bahji. Later the area was further beautified by ʻAbdu'llah Pasha, and in 1831 when Ibrahim Pasha besieged Acre he used the property as his headquarters. The property was well known for its beautiful gardens and pond fed by an aqueduct. The property then fell into the possession of a Christian family, the Jamals.

In 1870 ʻUdi Khammar, a wealthy merchant from Acre who also originally owned the House of ʻAbbúd, bought some of the land from the Jamals close to the mansion of ʻAbdu'llah Pasha and built the Mansion of Bahji, over an earlier and smaller building, which Abdu'llah Pasha had built for his mother. Udi Khammar placed an Arabic inscription over the door in 1870 which reads: "Greetings and salutation rest upon this Mansion which increaseth in splendour through the passage of time. Manifold wonders and marvels are found therein, and pens are baffled in attempting to describe them." ʻUdi Khammar had built the house for his family, and when he died was buried in a tomb in the south-east corner of the wall directly around the building. In 1879 an epidemic caused the inhabitants to flee and the building became vacant.

The shrine, after ʻAbdu'l-Bahá's death, was occupied by Mírzá Muhammad ʻAlí and his supporters, who forcibly took the keys to the shrine in January 1922. The governor of Acre ordered the keys to be returned to the authorities and a guard was posted at the shrine. In early 1923 the keys were returned to Shoghi Effendi. In the 1950s, Shoghi Effendi had made plans for a future superstructure, which would surround the whole area and would include a platform with 95 marble columns, each 6 meters high. Shoghi Effendi has called the shrine the Daryá-yi-Núr (Ocean of Light), which has taken the Kúh-i-Núr (Mountain of Light, the Shrine of the Báb) under its shadow.

At the entrance to these gardens stands a wrought iron decorative gate called "Collins Gate" named after Amelia Collins.

脚注

参考文献

外部リンク 
 The Baháʼí Gardens - official website
 Baháʼí Pilgrimage - Shrine of Baháʼu'lláh
 The  Baháʼí Gardens in Bahjí - photo gallery

イスラエルの建築物
巡礼
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