タイ科

タイ科はスズキ目に属する海水魚の科の一つ。

全世界の熱帯から温帯に分布する。主に肉食性で、底生の貝類や甲殻類を食べる。雌雄同体の種と、性転換を行う種が存在する。

名称（和名・方言名）に「タイ」と付く魚もタイ科に含まれない種が多数ある。

分類 
36属におよそ125種が属する。
 クロダイ属 Acanthopagrus 
Acanthopagrus akazakii Iwatsuki, Kimura & Yoshino, 2006
Acanthopagrus australis (Gunther, 1859)	, yellowfin bream
Acanthopagrus berda (Forsskål, 1775), picnic seabream
Acanthopagrus bifasciatus (Forsskål, 1775), twobar seabream
Acanthopagrus butcheri (Munro, 1949), southern black bream
キチヌ Acanthopagrus latus (Houttuyn, 1782), yellowfin seabream
Acanthopagrus palmaris (Whitley, 1935), northwest black bream
Acanthopagrus schlegelii czerskii (Berg, 1914)	  	
クロダイ Acanthopagrus schlegelii schlegelii (Bleeker, 1854), black porgy
ミナミクロダイ Acanthopagrus sivicolus (Akazaki, 1962), Okinawa seabream
Acanthopagrus taiwanensis (Iwatsuki & Carpenter, 2006)
Allotaius 属
Allotaius spariformis (Ogilby, 1910) 	  	
Archosargus 属
Archosargus pourtalesii (Steindachner, 1881), blackspot porgy	
Archosargus probatocephalus (Walbaum, 1792), sheepshead seabream
Archosargus rhomboidalis (Linnaeus, 1758), western Atlantic seabream
Argyrops 属
タイワンダイ Argyrops bleekeri (Oshima, 1927), Taiwan tai
Argyrops filamentosus (Valenciennes, 1830), soldierbream
Argyrops megalommatus (Klunzinger, 1870) 	  	
Argyrops spinifer (Forsskål, 1775), king soldierbream
Argyrozona 属
Argyrozona argyrozona (Valenciennes, 1830), carpenter seabream
Boops 属
Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758), bogue
Boops lineatus (Boulenger, 1892), striped boga
Boopsoidea 属
Boopsoidea inornata (Castelnau, 1861), fransmadam	
Calamus 属
Calamus arctifrons (Goode & Bean, 1882), grass porgy
Calamus bajonado (Bloch & Schneider, 1801), jolthead porgy
Calamus brachysomus (Lockington, 1880), Pacific porgy
Calamus calamus (Valenciennes, 1830), saucereye porgy
Calamus campechanus (Randall & Caldwell, 1966), Campeche porgy
Calamus cervigoni (Randall & Caldwell, 1966), spotfin porgy
Calamus leucosteus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1885), whitebone porgy
Calamus mu (Randall & Caldwell, 1966), flathead porgy
Calamus nodosus (Randall & Caldwell, 1966), knobbed porgy
Calamus penna (Valenciennes, 1830), sheepshead porgy
Calamus pennatula (Guichenot, 1868), Pluma porgy
Calamus proridens (Jordan & Gilbert, 1884), littlehead porgy
Calamus taurinus (Jenyns, 1840), Galapagos porgy
Cheimerius 属	
Cheimerius matsubarai (Akazaki, 1962), hoshierenko
Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes, 1830), Santer seabream
Chrysoblephus 属
Chrysoblephus anglicus (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908), Englishman seabream
Chrysoblephus cristiceps (Valenciennes, 1830), daggerhead seabream
Chrysoblephus gibbiceps (Valenciennes, 1830), red stumpnose seabream
Chrysoblephus laticeps (Valenciennes, 1830), Roman seabream
Chrysoblephus lophus (Fowler, 1925) 	
Chrysoblephus puniceus (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908)
マダイ属 
ゴウシュウマダイ  (Forster, 1801)
マダイ  (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) 	
Crenidens 属	
Crenidens crenidens (Forsskål, 1775), Karenteen seabream
Cymatoceps 属		
Cymatoceps nasutus (Castelnau, 1861), Poenskop seabream

キダイ属 Dentex 	
Dentex angolensis (Poll & Maul, 1953), Angola dentex	
Dentex barnardi (Cadenat, 1970), Barnard's dentex
Dentex canariensis (Steindachner, 1881), Canary dentex
Dentex congoensis (Poll, 1954), Congo dentex
Dentex dentex (Linnaeus, 1758), common dentex
Dentex fourmanoiri (Akazaki & Séret, 1999)  	  	
Dentex gibbosus (Rafinesque, 1810), pink dentex
Dentex macrophthalmus (Bloch, 1791), large-eye dentex
Dentex maroccanus (Valenciennes, 1830), Morocco dentex
キダイ Dentex tumifrons (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843), yellowback seabream
Diplodus 属
Diplodus annularis (Linnaeus, 1758), annular seabream
Diplodus argenteus argenteus (Valenciennes, 1830), South American silver porgy
Diplodus argenteus caudimacula (Poey, 1860), silver porgy
Diplodus bellottii (Steindachner, 1882), Senegal seabream
Diplodus bermudensis (Caldwell, 1965), Bermuda porgy
Diplodus capensis (Smith, 1844), Cape white seabream
Diplodus cervinus cervinus (Lowe, 1838), zebra seabream
Diplodus cervinus hottentotus (Smith, 1844), zebra
Diplodus cervinus omanensis (Bauchot & Bianchi, 1984), Oman porgy
Diplodus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1830), banded seabream
Diplodus holbrookii (Bean, 1878), spottail pinfish
Diplodus noct (Valenciennes, 1830), Red Sea seabream
Diplodus prayensis (Cadenat, 1964), two-banded seabream
Diplodus puntazzo (Cetti, 1777), sharpsnout seabream
Diplodus sargus ascensionis (Valenciennes, 1830)  	  	
Diplodus sargus cadenati (de la Paz, Bauchot & Daget, 1974), Moroccan white seabream
Diplodus sargus helenae (Sauvage, 1879), St. Helena white seabream
Diplodus sargus kotschyi (Steindachner, 1876), one-spot seabream
Diplodus sargus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1830)  	
Diplodus sargus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758), white seabream
Diplodus vulgaris (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817), common two-banded seabream
Evynnis 属
Evynnis cardinalis (Lacepède, 1802), threadfin porgy
チダイ Evynnis japonica (Tanaka, 1931), crimson seabream
Gymnocrotaphus 属
Gymnocrotaphus curvidens (Günther, 1859), janbruin
Lagodon 属
Lagodon rhomboides (Linnaeus, 1766), pinfish
Lithognathus 属
Lithognathus aureti (Smith, 1962), west coast seabream
Lithognathus lithognathus (Cuvier, 1829) , white steenbras
Lithognathus mormyrus (Linnaeus, 1758), striped seabream
Lithognathus olivieri (Penrith & Penrith, 1969), steenbras
Oblada 属
Oblada melanura (Linnaeus, 1758), saddled seabream
Pachymetopon 属
Pachymetopon aeneum (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908), blue hottentot
Pachymetopon blochii (Valenciennes, 1830), Hottentot seabream
Pachymetopon grande (Günther, 1859), bronze seabream
Pagellus 属
Pagellus acarne (Risso, 1827), axillary seabream
Pagellus affinis (Boulenger, 1888), Arabian pandora
Pagellus bellottii (Steindachner, 1882), red pandora
Pagellus bogaraveo (Brünnich, 1768), blackspot seabream
Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus, 1758), common pandora
Pagellus natalensis (Steindachner, 1903), Natal pandora
Pagrus
Pagrus africanus (Akazaki, 1962), southern common seabream
Pagrus auriga (Valenciennes, 1843), redbanded seabream
Pagrus caeruleostictus (Valenciennes, 1830), bluespotted seabream
Pagrus pagrus (Linnaeus, 1758), common seabream
Parargyrops 属	
Parargyrops edita (Tanaka, 1916)
Petrus 属	 	  	
Petrus rupestris (Valenciennes, 1830), red steenbras
Polyamblyodon 属		
Polyamblyodon germanum (Barnard, 1934), German seabream
Polyamblyodon gibbosum (Pellegrin, 1914), knife-back seabream
Polysteganus 属	
Polysteganus baissaci (Smith, 1978), Frenchman seabream
Polysteganus coeruleopunctatus (Klunzinger, 1870), blueskin seabream
Polysteganus mascarenensis Iwatsuki & Heemstra, 2011
Polysteganus praeorbitalis (Günther, 1859), Scotsman seabream
Polysteganus undulosus (Regan, 1908), seventy-four seabream
Porcostoma 属
Porcostoma dentata (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908), Dane seabream
Ptreogymnus 属
Pterogymnus laniarius (Valenciennes, 1830), Panga seabream
ヘダイ属 Rhabdosargus 
Rhabdosargus globiceps (Valenciennes, 1830), white stumpnose
Rhabdosargus haffara (Forsskål, 1775), Haffara seabream
Rhabdosargus holubi (Steindachner, 1881), Cape stumpnose
ヘダイ Rhabdosargus sarba (Forsskål, 1775), tarwhine
Rhabdosargus thorpei (Smith, 1979), bigeye stumpnose
Sarpa 属	
Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758), salema
Sparidentex 属
Sparidentex hasta (Valenciennes, 1830), Sobaity seabream
Sparodon 属	
Sparodon durbanensis (Castelnau, 1861), musselcracker seabream
Sparus 属	
ヨーロッパヘダイ Sparus aurata (Linnaeus, 1758), gilt-head seabream
Spondyliosoma 属
Spondyliosoma cantharus (Linnaeus, 1758), black seabream
Spondyliosoma emarginatum (Valenciennes, 1830), Steentje seabream
Stenotomus 属 	
Stenotomus caprinus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882), longspine porgy
Stenotomus chrysops (Linnaeus, 1766), scup
Virididentex 属
Virididentex acromegalus (Osório, 1911), bulldog dentex

系統 
分子系統解析では、大きく2つのクレードに分かれることが示されている。また、の属は、系統的には本科に含まれる。

脚注