Giambattista Vico

Giambattista Vico (lahir Giovan Battista Vico , ; 23 Juni 1668 – 23 Januari 1744) adalah filsuf politik, retorikawan, sejarawan, dan ahli hukum Italia pada Zaman Pencerahan. Ia mengkritik pengembangan rasionalisme modern, membela era klasik, merintis pola pikir sistematis dan kompleks, menentang analisis Kartesius dan segala macam reduksionisme, dan memperkenalkan dasar-dasar ilmu sosial dan semiotika.

Aforisme Verum esse ipsum factum ("Sesuatu yang benar adalah sesuatu yang diwujudkan") yang dicetuskan oleh Vico merupakan awal dari epistemologi konstruktivis. Ia membangun filsafat sejarah modern. Meski istilah filsafat sejarah tidak tercantum dalam tulisan-tulisannya, Vico juga membahas "sejarah filsafat yang diceritakan secara filosofis." Walaupun Vico bukan penganut historisisme, para peneliti modern yang mempelajari karya-karya Vico terinspirasi oleh penganut historisisme seperti Isaiah Berlin, sejarawan gagasan, Edward Said, kritikus sastra, dan Hayden White, metasejarawan.

Magnum opus intelektual Vico adalah buku Scienza Nuova (1725, Ilmu Baru) yang mencoba menata humaniora secara sistematis menjadi ilmu tunggal yang merekam dan menjelaskan siklus-siklus sejarah bangkitnya dan runtuhnya peradaban.

Karya 
 Opere di G.B. Vico. Fausto Nicolini (ed.), Bari: Laterza, 1911-41.
 De Antiquissima Italorum Sapientia ex Linguae Originibus Eruenda Librir Tres (On the Most Ancient Wisdom of the Italians Unearthed from the Origins of the Latin Language). 1710, Palmer, L.M., trans. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1988.
 Institutiones Oratoriae (The Art of Rhetoric). 1711-1741, Pinton, Girogio, and Arthur W. Shippee, trans. Amsterdam: Editions Rodopi B.V., 1984.* "On Humanistic Education", trans. Giorgio A. Pinton and Arthur W. Shippee. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1993.
 On the Study Methods of Our Time, trans. Elio Gianturco. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1990.
 Universal right (Diritto universale). Translated from Latin and Edited by Giorgio Pinton and Margaret Diehl. Amsterdam/New York, Rodopi, 2000
 On the Most Ancient Wisdom of the Italians: Unearthed from the Origins of the Latin Language, trans. L.M. Palmer. Ithaca, Cornell UP, 1988.
 Scienza Nuova (The First New Science). 1725, Pompa, Leon, trans. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2002.
 The New Science of Giambattista Vico, (1744). trans. Thomas G. Bergin and Max H. Fisch. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2nd ed. 1968.

Lihat pula 
 Teori rekapitulasi
 Finnegans Wake

Catatan

Referensi 
 
 Fabiani, Paolo. "The Philosophy of the Imagination in Vico and Malebranche". F.U.P. (Florence UP), Italian edition 2002, English edition 2009. 
 Goetsch, James. Vico’s Axioms: The Geometry of the Human World.. New Haven: Yale UP, 1995.
 Mooney, Michael. Vico in the Tradition of Rhetoric. New Jersey: Princeton UP, 1985.
 Pompa, Leon. Vico: A Study of the New Science. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1990.

Bacaan lanjutan 
 Andreacchio, Marco. "Autobiography as History of Ideas: an Intimate Reading of Vico's Vita (from «Lord Vico» to «The Names of Law») " in Historia Philosophica: An International Journal. Vol. 11.
 Bedani, Gino. Vico Revisited: Orthodoxy, Naturalism and Science in the Scienza Nuova. Oxford: Berg Publishers, 1989.
 Berlin, Isaiah. Vico and Herder. Two Studies in the History of Ideas. London, 1976.
 Berlin, Isaiah. Three Critics of the Enlightenment: Vico, Hamann, Herder. London and Princeton, 2000.
 Bizzell, Patricia, and Bruce Herzberg. The Rhetorical Tradition: Readings from Classical Times to the Present. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Macmillan; Boston, Ma: Bedford Books of St Martin's Press, 2001. Pp. Xv, 1673. (First Ed. 1990). 2001.
 Colilli, Paul. Vico and the Archives of Hermetic Reason. Welland, Ont.: Editions Soleil, 2004.
 Croce, Benedetto. The Philosophy of Giambattista Vico. Trans. R.G. Collingwood. London: Howard Latimer, 1913.
 Danesi, Marcel. Vico, Metaphor, and the Origin of Language. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1993
 Fabiani, Paolo, "The Philosophy of the Imagination in Vico and Malebranche". F.U.P. (Florence UP), Italian edition 2002, English edition 2009. 
 Fisch, Max, and Thomas G. Bergin, trans. Vita di Giambattista Vico (The Autobiography of Giambattista Vico). 1735-41. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1963.
 Giannantonio, Valeria. Oltre Vico – L'identità del passato a Napoli e Milano tra '700 e '800, Carabba Editore, Lanciano, 2009.
 Gould, Rebecca Ruth. “Democracy and the Vernacular Imagination in Vico’s Plebian Philology ,” History of Humanities 3.2 (2018): 247–277.
 Grassi, Ernesto. Vico and Humanism: Essays on Vico, Heidegger, and Rhetoric. New York: Peter Lang, 1990.
 Hösle, Vittorio. "Vico und die Idee der Kulturwissenschaft" in Prinzipien einer neuen Wissenschaft über die gemeinsame Natur der Völker, Ed. V. Hösle and C. Jermann, Hamburg: F. Meiner, 1990, pp. XXXI-CCXCIII
 Levine, Joseph. Giambattista Vico and the Quarrel between the Ancients and the Moderns. Journal of the History of Ideas 52.1(1991): 55-79.
 Lilla, Mark. G. B. Vico: The Making of an Anti-Modern. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993.
 Mazzotta, Giuseppe. The New Map of the World: The Poetic Philosophy of Giambattista Vico. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999.
 Miner, Robert. Vico, Genealogist of Modernity. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2002.
 Schaeffer, John. Sensus Communis: Vico, Rhetoric, and the Limits of Relativism. Durham: Duke UP, 1990.
 Verene, Donald. Vico's Science of Imagination. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1981.
 Verene, Molly Black "Vico: A Bibliography of Works in English from 1884 to 1994." Philosophy Documentation Center, 1994.
 Alain Pons, Vie et mort des Nations. Lecture de la Science nouvelle de Giambattista Vico'', L'Esprit de la Cité, Gallimard, 2015

Pranala luar 

 
 
 Institute for Vico Studies 
 Entry in the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 
 Entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 
 Entry in the Johns Hopkins Guide to Literary Theory 
 Verene, Donald Phillip. , archived from Johns Hopkins University Press.
 Vico's Poetic Philosophy within Europe's Cultural Identity, Emanuel L. Paparella 
 Leon Pompa, Vico's Theory of the Causes of Historical Change , archived at The Institute for Cultural Research
 Portale Vico - Vico Portal 
 Text of the New Science in multiple formats
 Essays on Vico's creative influence on James Joyce's Finnegans Wake 
 Samuel Beckett's essay on Vico and Joyce 
 Vico's creative influence on Richard James Allen's The Way Out At Last Cycle
 Vico's Historical Mythology 
 

 
Kelahiran 1668
Kematian 1744
Tokoh dari Napoli
Filsuf abad ke-18
Penulis Italia abad ke-18
Penulis laki-laki abad ke-18
Filsuf Modern Awal
Filsuf Pencerahan
Filsuf Italia
Penganut Katolik Roma Italia
Retorikawan Italia
Filsafat sosial
Teori sejarah
Filsuf Katolik Roma
Epistemologiwan
Alumni Universitas Napoli Federico II
Pengajar Universitas Napoli Federico II
Teoriwan trop
Humanis Kristen