James Weldon Johnson

James Weldon Johnson () adalah penulis, guru, pengacara, diplomat, pencipta lagu, dan aktivis hak asasi manusia berkebangsaan Amerika Serikat. Johnson di kenal melalui kepemimpinannya di National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), yang dimulai tahun 1917. Pada tahun 1920 menjadi orang Amerika Serikat pertama yang terpilih sebagai sekretaris eksekutif organisasi itu, efektif sebagai pejabat dari 1920 sampai 1930. Johnson memantapkan diri dalam reputasinya sebagai penulis, dan dikenal kiprahnya di Harlem Renaissance melalui puisi-puisi, novel, dan antologi puisi dan spiritual kebudayaan kulit hitam.

Dia dipilih oleh Presiden Theodore Roosevelt sebagai US konsul di Venezuela dan Nikaragua pada periode 1906 sampai dengan 1913. Tahun 1934 menjadi orang keturunan Afrika-America Serikat pertama yang menjadi profesor yang bertugas di Universitas New York. Di akhir hidupnya, dia menjadi profesor bidang penulisan kratif dan sastra di Universitas Fisk.

Warisan dan penghargaan 
 1904, Honorary master's degree from Atlanta University.
 1925, Spingarn Medal from the NAACP for outstanding achievement by an American Negro.
 1928, Harmon Gold Award for God's Trombones: Seven Negro Sermons in Verse (1927).
 1929, Julius Rosenwald Fund Grant.
 1933, W. E. B. Du Bois Prize for Negro Literature.
 Honorary doctorates from Talladega College (1917) and Howard University (1923).
 2007, Emory University in Atlanta established the James Weldon Johnson Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies in his honor.
 The James Weldon Johnson building at Coppin State University is named in his honor.
 The James Weldon Johnson Middle School is named in his honor.
 Johnson is honored with a feast day on the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA) on June 25.
 On February 2, 1988, the United States Postal Service issued a 22-cent postage stamp in his honor.

Bibliografi

Puisi 
 Fifty Years and Other Poems (1917)
 God's Trombones: Seven Negro Sermons in Verse (1927)
 Saint Peter Relates an Incident: Selected Poems (1935)

Antologi 
 The Book of Negro Spirituals (1925, editor), anthology
 The Second Book of Negro Spirituals (1926, editor)
 The Book of American Negro Poetry (1931, editor), anthology

Karya lain 
 The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man (1912/1927, novel)
 Black Manhattan (1930, study)
 Negro Americans, What Now? (1934, essay)
 Along This Way: The Autobiography of James Weldon Johnson (1933/37, autobiography)

Lihat pula 

 African American musical theater
 Harlem Renaissance
 Red Summer of 1919

Catatan

Sumber 
 Fleming, Robert E. James Weldon Johnson. Twayne United States Authors Series. Boston: Twayne, 1987.
 Hester, Elizabeth J. "James Weldon Johnson: A Bibliography of * Johnson, James Weldon. Writings. Ed. William L. Andrews. The Library of America, 2004. ISBN 978-1-931082-52-5.
  Kishimoto, Hisao. "The Eve of the Harlem Renaissance James Weldon Johnson (II)", ( ) Souka University English Language Academic Journal (創価大学英文学会). Souka University. March 1988. Volume No. 12, Issue No. 2 (第12巻第2号). p. 1-16.
 Levy, Eugene. James Weldon Johnson: Black Leader, Black Voice. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973.
 Morrissette, Noelle. James Weldon Johnson's Modern Soundscapes. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 2013.
 Price, Kenneth M., and Lawrence J. Oliver. Critical Essays on James Weldon Johnson. New York: G. K. Hall, 1997.
Dissertations and Theses 1939–2009." ISBN 978-1-935779-00-1.
 Manning, Patrick. The African Diaspora: A History Through Culture. New York: Columbia University Press, 2010.

Pranala luar 

 Images and archive  at the Smithsonian Institution.
 James Weldon Johnson Memorial Collection (Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library)
 Profile and Images  at the James Weldon Johnson Institute, Emory. Archives at Emory
 Profile, images, texts At University of South Carolina. University Libraries rare books and special collections.
 Grace and James Weldon Johnson Website 
 Profile at Modern American Poets 
 
 
 
 Profile and texts at Poets.org
 Profile at Poetry Foundation

African-American composers
Activists for African-American civil rights
African-American poets
African-American novelists
African-American educators
American memoirists
American male novelists
American male poets
American people of Bahamian descent
American people of French descent
American people of Haitian descent
Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery
Clark Atlanta University alumni
Fisk University alumni
Fisk University faculty
Florida Republicans
Harlem Renaissance
History of Jacksonville, Florida
New York Republicans
Writers from Jacksonville, Florida
Road incident deaths in Maine
Songwriters Hall of Fame inductees
Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development faculty
Tennessee Republicans
Harmon prize winners
Spingarn Medal winners
African-American non-fiction writers
20th-century American poets
19th-century American poets
African-American diplomats
American anti-lynching activists
Novelis Amerika Serikat abad ke-20
Prancis-Amerika
Alumni Universitas Columbia
Diplomat Amerika Serikat
Penulis nonfiksi laki-laki Amerika Serikat
Penulis laki-laki abad ke-19
Alumni Universitas Fisk
Alumni Universitas Clark Atlanta
Tokoh Amerika Serikat keturunan Prancis
Komposer Afrika-Amerika
Penyair Afrika-Amerika
Novelis Afrika-Amerika
Penyair laki-laki Amerika Serikat