Nepenthes alata

Nepenthes alata (; Latin: alatus "bersayap") adalah tumbuhan kantong semar yang endemik di Filipina.

Nepenthes alata telah lama diperlakukan sebagai spesies yang sangat polimorfik mencakup semua pulau-pulau besar kepulauan Filipina (dengan kemungkinan pengecualian Palawan). Di bawah batasan yang luas ini, N. alata dipahami memiliki berbagai ketinggian dari 0-1.900 m (0-6.234 kaki) di atas permukaan laut dan tercatat dari, antara lain, pulau Bohol, Camiguin, Cebu, Culion, Leyte, Luzon, Mindanao, Mindoro, Negros, Panay, Samar, dan Sibuyan. Nepenthes alata dalam arti luas ini (sensu lato) merupakan salah satu Nepenthes termudah dan paling populer untuk dibudidaya.

Pada tahun 2013, N. alata kembali dibatasi oleh Martin Cheek dan Matthew Jebb yang mencakup hanya populasi dari utara dan tengah Luzon dengan kantong berbulu mencolok (takson dikenal di kalangan hortikultura sebagai "N. alata berbulu"). N. alata sensu stricto Cheek dan Jebb memiliki penyebaran ketinggian di atas 550 m (1.800 kaki). Berdasarkan penafsiran ini, tumbuhan di selatan yang sebelumnya disebut spesies ini ternyata benar-benar mewakili N. graciliflora baru dikeluarkan (hortikultura "N. alata khas"; ditemukan di Bohol, Leyte, Luzon, Mindanao, Mindoro, Panay, Samar, dan Sibuyan) serta N. negros baru dideskripsikan (Biliran dan Negros) dan N. ramos (Mindanao). Nepenthes viridis dari Dinagat dan Samar merupakan kerabat dekat lain, seperti N. ceciliae (Mindanao), N. copelandii (Mindanao), N. extincta (Mindanao), N. hamiguitanensis (Mindanao), N. kitanglad (Mindanao), N. kurata (Mindanao), N. leyte (Leyte), N. mindanaoensis (Dinagat dan Mindanao), N. saranganiensis (Mindanao), dan N. ultra (Luzon). Bersama dengan spesies ini, membentuk apa yang disebut "kelompok N. alata", yang disatukan oleh sejumlah karakter morfologi, seperti tangkai bersayap, tutup dengan rabung pangkal pada permukaan bawah (sering dijabarkan sebagai alat pelengkap), dan kantong atas yang biasanya meluas di dekat dasar.

Deskripsi 
Rumus floral untuk bunga jantan adalah ✶ K4 A4+4+1* G0 (mungkin tidak terdapat benang sari apikal /*/) dan ✶ K4 A0 G(4) untuk bunga betina.

Taksonomi 
Nepenthes alata berkaitan erat dengan beberapa spesies lain, termasuk N. copelandii, N. mindanaoensis, dan N. saranganiensis. Nepenthes eustachya dari Sumatra pernah dianggap termasuk ke dalam variabilitas N. alata, tetapi didasarkan pada jenis spesimen salah tafsir, dua spesies ini tampaknya tidak terkait erat satu sama lain.

Taksa bawah jenis 
 N. alata f. variegata Hort. ex P.Mann (1996) nom.nud.
 N. alata var. biflora Macfarl. (1908) [=N. negros]
 N. alata var. ecristata Macfarl. (1908) [=N. kurata]

Hibrida alami 
 N. alata × N. burkei
 N. alata × N. merrilliana [=N. × merrilliata]
 ? (N. alata × N. merrilliana) × N. mirabilis [=N. × tsangoya]
 N. alata × N. mindanaoensis
 N. alata × N. mirabilis [=N. × mirabilata]
 ? N. alata × N. petiolata
 N. alata × N. pulchra
 N. alata × N. truncata [=N. × truncalata]
 N. alata × N. ventricosa [=N. × ventrata]

Referensi

Bacaan lanjutan 

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Pranala luar 

 Photographs of N. alata at the Carnivorous Plant Photofinder

Tumbuhan karnivor Asia
alata
Flora Filipina
Tumbuhan yang dideskripsikan tahun 1837