Uí Dhubhda

Clann Ghaelach is ea Uí Dhubhda (sloinne Ó Dubhda, Ní Dhubhda), suite i gContae Mhaigh Eo agus Contae Shligigh.  Ghlacadar an sloinne sa 9ú haois as Dubhda mac Conmhaigh.

Stair 
De shliocht Uí Fhiachrach na gConnacht iad, síolraithe ó Fhiachra mac Eachach Mugmedóin, trína mhac, Dathí, an tArdrí págánach deireanach na hÉireann.  Tháinig a gharmhac Ailill Molt i gcomharbacht air mar rí Chonnacht agus níos deireanaí rí na Teamhrach go dtí 482.  Áirítear ríthe na gConnacht eile i measc a sinsear, amhail Dúnchad Mhuirisce, Indreachtach mac Dunchadha, Ailill Meadraí mac Indreachtaigh agus Donn Cothú mac Cathail, sular tháinig a ngaoil comhraic Uí Bhriúin chun cinn.  

Glaodh Uí Fhiachrach Mhuaidhe ar a gcuid críoch i dtuaisceart na Connachta, ar bhruacha na Muaidhe.  Ar a mhéad is mó, bhí ann tuatha Iorrais agus Tír Amhlaidh i Maigh Eo, agus Tir Fhiachrach i Sligeach. 

Ríthe Uí Fhiachrach Mhuaidhe ba ea Uí Dhubhda ón 8ú go 15ú haoiseanna.  Sa bhliain 982, tuairiscítear go bhfuair Aodh Ó Dubhda (Aedh Ua Dubhda), ri Tuaiscirt Connacht, bás secura morte.  Tugadh an teideal tiarna Uí Fhiachrach Muiriscce do Mhaol Ruanaidh mac Aodha uí Dubhda, a fuair bás sa bhliain 1005.  Tar éis dá gcríocha a tógadh i Ríocht na hÉireann isteach, bhíodar ina dtiarnaí Tír Fhiacrach.

Ó thaobh ghinealaigh de, tá dlúthghaol acu leis na clanna Uí Sheachnasaigh agus Mhic Fhirbhisigh.  Príomhphátrúin Mhic Fhirbhisigh ba ea Uí Dhubhda, agus rinne siadsan mórshaothair staire Gaelacha amhail is Leabhar Mór Leacáin agus Leabhar na nGinealach.

Teacht na Normannaigh 
Cumhacht mhuirí den scoth ba ea Uí Dhubhda le linn na 12ú agus 13ú haoiseanna.  Ar thalamh, d'éirigh siad Uí Fiachrach Muaidhe a chosaint in éadan arm uachtarach Burke agus Birmingham, cuidithe le 20 caisleán.  Le teacht na Normannach ann sa 13ú haois, laghdaíodh a gcuid críoch, cé go raibh siad fís sach cumhachtach.  Sa bhliain 1354, chuir SeanBhrian Ó Dubhda an ruaig ar lonnaitheoirí AnglaNormannacha as Tír Fhiachrach.

16ú haois 
Bhí roinnt fir Uí Dubhda ina n-easpaig Chill Ala. Mairtíreach Proinsiasach ba ea an tAthair John Ó Duada, a céasadh agus a crochadh sa bhliain 1579.

Tharla an toghchán deireanach do  thaoiseach Uí Dubhda sa bhliain  1595.  Faoin am seo, ní raibh siad ach ina bhfo-chlann Uí Chonchúir Shligigh.  Bhí Cogadh na Naoi mBliana ar siúl ag an am, nuair a d'éirigh na clanna neamhspleácha deireanacha Gaelacha amach in éadan na Sasanach.  Bhí ról ag Uí Dhubhda, ag cuidiú le hAodh Rua Ó Domhnaill ag cosaint teorainn thiar na nUladh in aghaidh ruathair Robert Devereux ('Earl of Essex') sa bhliain 1599 (Cath an Chorrshléibhe).

Cliseadh na nGael 
Tar éis cliseadh na nGael sa bhliain 1603, chuaigh a gcuid cumhachta go tapaidh i léig agus chailleadar a gcuid tailte.  Ba é Daithí Óg Ó Dubhda, a phós sa bhliain 1636, an ghlúin dheireanach taifeadta ag Mac Firbisigh ina ghinealach.  Bhí conas Cromwell ar siúl thart ar an an am, tar éis éirí amach na nUladh sa bhliain 1641.

Feictear go leor darbh ainm Uí Dhubhda i measc Caitlicigh na Comhdhála agus níos deireanaí sa 17ú haois ag troid ar son Séamais II i gCogadh an Dá Rí (1688–1691).  Deirtear go raibh taoiseach na clainne, a maraíodh  i gCath na Bóinne (1690), seacht dtroithe in airde.

Ba é Dubhaltach Mac Firbhisigh, gineolaí den scoth, an seanchaí (staraí oidhreachta) deireanach den chlann.  Maraíodh é sa bhliain 1671.

Searmanas insealbhaithe 
Is uathúil iad muintir Uí Dhubhda or go bhfuil ann cur síos cruinn ar a searmanas insealbhaithe.  Caomhnaítear é i Leabhar Mór Leacáin, scríofa gar d'Inis Crabhann i dTír Fhiachrach idir na blianta 1397 agus 1418.

Tharlaíodh an searmanas ag Carn Amhalghaigh ar bhruach oirthear Chuan Chill Ala.  Bhíodh duine de chlann Mhic Firbisigh, staraithe ó oidhreacht Uí Dhubhda, i gceannas air.

Urraitheoir ar leith de scoláirí Mhic Fhirbisigh ba ea Tadhg Riabhach Ó Dubhda, a d'éirigh ina Thaoiseach Thír Fhiachrach sa bhliain 1417.  Cuimhnítear go háirithe é sa Leabhar Mór, ina deirtear ina thásc gur éag sé ag Caisleán Inis Cabhann.

Caisleáin Uí Dhubhda 
Bhíodh 20 caisleán ar theorannacha Uí Dhubhda, an chuid is mó acu inniu ina bhfothraigh.

Luaite go minic mar "Caisleáin 10-bPunt", deirtear gur spreagadh dearadh na gcaisleán ag fóirdheontas 10-bPunt bronnta ag Anraí IV sa bhliain 1429.  Tá stair níos ársa ag go leor díobh, óir gur tógadh iad ar daingin na Clochaoise agus na Cré-umhaoise.

Tógadh caisleán Uí Dhubhda i gCarn Amhalghaigh sa bhliain 1477, agus bhíodh siad ann go dtí athchonas Cromail.  Gabhadh an caisleán mar champa míleata le linn an chogaidh Rí Liam agus fágadh é go gairid ina dhiaidh sin thereafter.  

Thóg taoiseach Conchúr Ó Dubhda daingean níos lú ag Caisleán Mhic Conchúir gar de Bhéal an Átha sa bhliain 1520.

Seo a leanas a suíomhanna:
 Loch Con
 An Droim Riabhach, An Mhuaidh
 Beaufield
 Caisleán Bhéal Leice, Béal an Átha
 Caisleán Mhic Conchúir, An Mhuaidh
 Castleton Manor
 Inis Crabhann
 Carahduff
 Ráth Lao
 Rosslee, Iascaigh
 An Droim Mór
 Dún Uí Chobhthaigh
 An Cartún
 An Droim Ard
 Lomford
 Flooneen
 Baile an Mhóta
 Markcree
 Loch Gile
 Bá Dhroim Chliabh

[[Íomhá:The odowd castle 0527.jpg|thumb|right|The ruins of the O'Dowd castle Rathlee. This is castle No:09 and is located close to the harbour of Rathlee village in Sligo.  Photo: Subritzky Collection 2007.]]

 Tagairtí annál 
As Meán-Ghaeilge:
 AIF 1126.12: Ua Dubda, ri Ua Amalgada, do badud co lucth da curach immale fris.
 AIF 1127.11: Gilla Crist Ua Dubdai do Cenal Eogain Aelaig mortuus est.
 AU 1446.4: Brian h-Ua Dubda do marbadh le Tír Amhalghaidh.

Cinn na Fine 
 Brian Ó Dubhda
 Maol Ruanaidh mac Ruaidhrí Ó Dubhda, bás 1450 (18 bliain)
 Domhnall Baile Ui Choitil Ó Dubhda, 1447–1454 (7)
 Tadhg Buidhe mac Tadhg Riabhach Ó Dubhda, c. 1454-c.1457 (3)
 Seaán Glas mac Tadhg Riabhach Ó Dubhda, c.1457–71? (14)
 Éamonn mac An Cosnamhach Ó Dubhda (5 sheachtain go leith) c. 1466?
 Domhnall Ballach Ó Dubhda, c. 1472? (1)
 Brian Cam mac An Cosnmhach Ó Dubhda,c.1472-c.1474? (2) 
 Eóghan Caoch mac Ruaidhrí Ó Dubhda, c. 1474-c.1488? (14)
 Uilliam mac Domhnall Ballach Ó Dubhda, c. 1488? (leath-bhliain)
 Brian Óg Ó Dubhda, c. 1488? (leath-bhliain)
 Donnchadh Ultach Ó Dubhda, c. 1489? (1)
 Maghnus mac Tadhg Buidhe Ó Dubhda, c. 1490? (1)
 Owen Caech Ó Dubhda, bás 1495.
 Uilliam Dubh Ó Dubhda, bás 1496 (LC 1496. O'Dubhda, Dubh, i.e. William, the son of Domhnall Ballach, died.)
 Féilim mac Tadhg Buidhe Ó Dubhda, c. 1490?-c. 1509? (19)
 Conchabhar mac Diarmaid mac Maol Ruanaidh Ó Dubhda, c. 1509?-c. 1549? (30)
 Éoghan mac Conchabhar Ó Dubhda, c. 1549?–1556? (7)
 Cathal Dubh mac Conchabhar Ó Dubhda, c. 1556?-?
 Cathal Dubh mac Conchabhar Ó Dubhda, bás 1582.
 Dathí Ruadh Ó Dubhda, d bás 1594.
 Dathí mac Dathí Ruadh Ó Dubhda, 1591-c. 1660
 Dathí Óge Ó Dubhda, beo 1656–1705.
 Dominick O'Dowda, bás 1737.
 Thady fitz Dominick O'Dowda, bás 1767.
 James Vippler O'Dowda, Baron O'Dowda, curtha chun báis 1798.
 Thady O'Dowd, beo 1854.
 James Vippler O'Dowd, bás 1865.
 Denny Harvest O'Dowd, bás 2020.
 Denny OpenAir O'Dowd, beo 2020

Féach freisin Ríthe Uí Fhiachrach Mhuaidhe

Armas 
Déanann O'Hart cur síos ar dhá armas le haghaidh na clainne, ceann amháin i Maigh Eo (géag sinsearach) agus an ceann eile i Sligeach.

Tiarnaí Uí Fiachrach (Maigh Eo)
 Armas – Vert à saltire or, thuas dhá chlaíomh in saltire, pointí aníos, the dexter surmounted of the sinister argent, corra diallaite agus dornchlaí óir.
 Suaitheantas – over a coronet, a dexter hand in armour, holding a dart, proper.
 Tacaí – dhá leon ina cholgsheasamh
 Mana – "Virtus Ipsa Suis Firmissima Nititur Armis", Bíonn crógacht is seasmhaí faoi chothú arm

Tiarnaí Uí Fhiachrach (Sligeach)
 Armas – or à saltire sable, thuas dhá chlaíomh in saltire, pointí aníos, the dexter surmounted of the sinister argent, corra diallaite agus dornchlaí óir, thíos duilleog darach leaf, gas aníos, vert.
 Suaitheantas – over a coronet, a dexter hand in armour, holding a dart, proper.
 SUPPORTERS – dhá leon ina cholgsheasamh
 Mana – "Virtus Ipsa Suis Firmissima Nititur Armis", Bíonn crógacht is seasmhaí faoi chothú arm

Daoine 

 Alex O'Dowd (1967), professional first-class rugby coach and former New Zealand first-class cricketer
 Anna Mae O'Dowd, former professional baseball player
 Bernard O'Dowd (1866–1953) Australian activist, educator, poet, journalist and author
 Boy George (born George Alan O'Dowd, 1961), British singer-songwriter
 Cathy O'Dowd, South African rock climber, mountaineer, author and motivational speaker
 Chris O'Dowd (1979), Irish actor and comedian
 Christopher O'Dowd (1920–1943), founding member of the British SAS.
 Dan O'Dowd (1959), former general manager of the Colorado Rockies
 David O'Dowd (1942), former chief inspector of constabulary for England and Wales
 Donald O'Dowd (1927), American academic
 Fergus O'Dowd (1948), Irish Fine Gael politician
 James Cornelius O'Dowd (1829–1903), Anglo-Irish barrister and deputy judge advocate general
 James Thomas O'Dowd (1907–1950), a bishop of the Catholic Church in the United States
 John Dowd (born John Leo O'Dowd (1891–1981)), Major League Baseball shortstop
 John O'Dowd (1856–1937), Irish Nationalist Member of Parliament for North Sligo
 John O'Dowd (1967), Irish Sinn Féin politician
 Ken O'Dowd (1950), Australian politician
 Kevin O'Dowd, New Jersey public servant and political figure
 Kris O'Dowd (1988), former American football center
 Max O'Dowd (1994), international cricketer playing for the Netherlands
 Mick O'Dowd, former Gaelic footballer and former senior manager for Meath
 Mike O'Dowd (1895–1957), American middleweight boxer
 Nace O'Dowd (1931–1987), Gaelic footballer who played for the County Sligo team in the 1950s 
 Niall O'Dowd (1953), Irish journalist and author living in the United States
 Patrick O'Dowd (1968), Irish politician and medical practitioner
 Peter O'Dowd (1908–1964), English professional footballer
 Robert Dowd (1936–1996) (aka Robert O'Dowd), American artist
 Seamie O'Dowd, Irish folk musician, Cty Sligo
 Timmy O'Dowd(1963), Irish Gaelic footballer who played for the County Kerry team
Thomas Paul O'Dowd (1886–1930), superintendent, City of San Francisco, California, US 
 Tony O'Dowd (1970), Irish soccer player who played for Leeds Utd and Rep. of Ireland U 21's

Foinsí 
 "The O'Dubhda Family History" By Conor MacHale, Clan O'Dowd Historian, Inniscrone, 1990.
 "The Royal New Zealand Fencibles 1847–1852," , Ruth Alexander, Alan la Roche, Gail Gibson. The New Zealand Fencible Society (Inc), 1997. O'Dowd family papers.

Naisc sheachtracha 
 O'Dowd family pedigree at Library Ireland
 Genelach hI Dubda 
 A website of the O'Dowd, O'Dubhda etc.. containing information and resource and where the Clan gatherings in Ireland are organised. Previous Clan gatherings documented
 A good genealogy of the O'Dowds
 More details of the O'Dowds and many more Dowd stories
 Book detailing the Great Book of Lecan (with translation) and the history and customs of the Hy Fiachrach
 https://odubhdaclan.com/

Tagairtí