Sonja Lyubomirsky

Sonja Lyubomirsky (sündinud 14. detsembril 1966) on California Ülikooli psühholoogia osakonna professor.

Elukäik 
Moskvas sündinud Sonja Lyubomirsky lõpetas 1989. aastal Harvardi Ülikooli psühholoogia eriala summa cum laude. Seejärel asus õppima sotsiaalpsühholoogiat Stanfordi Ülikoolis, mille lõpetas 1994. aastal doktorikraadiga. 1994–2001 töötas California Ülikooli Riverside'i psühholoogia osakonna professori assistendina, 2001–2005 sama osakonna kaasprofessorina ja aastast 2005 töötab samas professorina.

Uurimisobjekt  
Tema peamiseks uurimisobjektiks on inimese õnnelikkusega seotud küsimused. Ta on raamatu "The How of Happiness" ("Õnne saladus") autor. Tegu on strateegial ja teadusel põhineva eneseabiraamatuga, kuidas kasvatada õnnelikkust. Lyubomirsky on üks ajakirja Journal of Positive Psychology kaastoimetajatest.

Sonja Lyubomirsky ütleb raamatus "The How of Happiness", et 50% meie kalduvusest õnnelik olla põhineb geneetikal, mida me väga mõjutada ei saa, 10% põhineb elusündmustel (nt karjääriredelil liikumisel, armastatu leidmisel või loomingulise unistuse elluviimisel) ning 40% saame ise oma käitumisega mõjutada. Me saame ennast ise 40% õnnelikumaks muuta, üks olulisemaid tegevusi selleks on tänulikkuse praktiseerimine. Lyubomirsky uuringute põhjal on tänulikud inimesed õnnelikumad, energilisemad, lootusrikkamad, abivalmimad, empaatilisemad, spirituaalsemad, andestavamad ja vähem materialistlikud. Samuti on neil väiksem tõenäosus muutuda depressiivseks, ärevaks, üksildaseks, kadedaks, neurootiliseks muutuda või haigestuda.

Lyubomirsky sõnul suurendab tänulikkus naudingut positiivsetest elukogemustest, tõstab eneseväärikust ja enesehinnangut; aitab toime tulla stressi ja traumaga ning kutsub esile hoolitsevaid tegusid ja eetilist käitumist. Lisaks aitab sõlmida sotsiaalseid sidemeid, tugevdada olemasolevaid suhteid ja virgutada uusi suhteid; hoiab ära kahjulikud võrdlused, vähendab või kaotab negatiivsed tunded, näiteks viha, kibestumuse ja ahnuse. Ületab hedonistliku kohanemise – harjumuspärase ootuse, et kõik uued olukorrad on positiivsed – nii et me ei oska uut head olukorda väärtustada ja ei lase sel ka oma tervislikku olukorda või õnnetunnet mõjutada.

Selle raamatu põhjal on tehtud iPhone'i rakendus Live Happy.

Liikmesus ja tunnustus 
  Maret Distinguished Alumni Award, The Maret School, Washington DC, 2015
  Faculty of the Year Award, Department of Psychology, UC Riverside, 2012–2013
  Fellow, Society for Personality and Social Psychology
  Fellow, Association for Psychological Science
  IPPA Fellow, International Positive Psychology Association
  Best Paper Award, Journal of Happiness Studies, 2006
  Member, Society of Experimental Social Psychology
  Honorable Mention, Social Psychology Network Action Teaching Award, 2011
  Templeton Positive Psychology Prize, American Psychological Association, 2002
  Faculty of the Year Award, Department of Psychology, UC Riverside, 1999–2000
  Faculty Mentor of the Year, University Honors Program, 1999–2000
  National Institutes of Mental Health, RO1 Award, 2004–2009
  National Institutes of Mental Health, B/START Award, 1999–2000
  Cancer Research Coordinating Committee Grant, 1998–1999
  National Institutes of Mental Health, Individual National Research Service Award, 1993–1994
  Centennial Teaching Assistant Award, Stanford University, 1994
  National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship, 1989–1992
  Thomas T. Hoopes Prize for Outstanding Scholarly Work, Harvard University, 1989
  Faculty Prize for Outstanding Honors Thesis, Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 1989

Valik publikatsioone 
 Lyubomirsky, S. (2013). The myths of happiness: What should make you happy, but doesn’t, what shouldn’t make you happy, but does. New York: Penguin Press. Visit the book’s website. Download the book’s full set of references.
 Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). The how of happiness: A scientific approach to getting the life you want. New York: Penguin Press. Visit the book’s website. Download the book’s references.
 Nelson, S. K., Kushlev, K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (in press). The pains and pleasures of parenting: When, why, and how is parenthood associated with more or less well-being?Psychological Bulletin.
 Nelson, S. K., Kushlev, K., English, T., Dunn, E. W., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2013). In defense of parenthood: Children are associated with more joy than misery. Psychological Science, 3-10.
 Lyubomirsky, S., & Layous, K. (2013). How do simple positive activities increase well-being? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22, 57-62.
 Layous, K., Nelson, S. K., Oberle, E., Schonert-Reichl, K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2012).Kindness counts: Prompting prosocial behavior in preadolescents boosts peer acceptance and well-being. PLOS ONE, 7, e51380.
 Layous, K., Chancellor, J., & Lyubomirsky, S. (in press). Positive activities as protective factors against mental health conditions. Journal of Abnormal Psychology.
 Lyubomirsky, S., Dickerhoof, R., Boehm, J. K., & Sheldon, K. M. (2011). Becoming happier takes both a will and a proper way: An experimental longitudinal intervention to boost well-being. Emotion, 11, 391-402.
 Boehm, J. K., Lyubomirsky, S., & Sheldon, K. M. (2011). A longitudinal experimental study comparing the effectiveness of happiness-enhancing strategies in Anglo Americans and Asian Americans. Cognition & Emotion, 25, 1263-1272.
 Sheldon, K. M., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2012). The challenge of staying happier: Testing the Hedonic Adaptation Prevention model. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38,670-680.
 Layous, K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2014). The how, why, what, when, and who of happiness: Mechanisms underlying the success of positive interventions. In J. Gruber & J. Moscowitz (Eds.), Positive emotion: Integrating the light sides and dark sides (pp. 473–495). New York: Oxford University Press.
 Lyubomirsky, S., King, L. A., & Diener, E. (2005). The benefits of frequent positive affect.Psychological Bulletin, 131, 803-855.
 Lyubomirsky, S., Sheldon, K. M., & Schkade, D. (2005). Pursuing happiness: The architecture of sustainable change. Review of General Psychology, 9, 111-131.
 Lyubomirsky, S., Sousa, L., Dickerhoof, R. (2006). The costs and benefits of writing, talking, and thinking about life’s triumphs and defeats. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 692-708.
 Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking rumination.Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3, 400-424.
 Lyubomirsky, S. (2011). Hedonic adaptation to positive and negative experiences (pp. 200–224). In S. Folkman (Ed.), Oxford handbook of stress, health, and coping. New York: Oxford University Press.
 Sin, N. L., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2009). Enhancing well-being and alleviating depressive symptoms with positive psychology interventions: A practice-friendly meta-analysis.Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session, 65,467-487.
 Lyubomirsky, S. (2001). Why are some people happier than others?: The role of cognitive and motivational processes in well-being. American Psychologist, 56, 239-249.
 Lyubomirsky, S., & Ross, L. (1999). Changes in attractiveness of elected, rejected, and precluded alternatives: A comparison of happy and unhappy individuals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76,988-1007.
 Lyubomirsky, S., Tucker, K. L., Caldwell, N. D., & Berg, K. (1999). Why ruminators are poor problem solvers: Clues from the phenomenology of dysphoric rumination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77,1041-1060.

Viited 

Sonjalyumbomirsky.com
TheHowOfHappiness.com
PsychologyToday.com
DrSonja.net

Ameerika Ühendriikide psühholoogid
Sündinud 1966