National Medal of Science

National Medal of Science on teadusauhind, mida  annab välja Ameerika Ühendriikide president USA kodanikele või residentidele, kes on andnud olulise panuse sotsiaalteaduste, käitumisteaduste, bioloogia, keemia, inseneriteaduste, matemaatika ja füüsika arengusse.

Auhind asutati 1959. aastal ja selle väljaandmist administreerib Rahvuslik Teadusfond (NFS). Laureaatide valiku eest vastutab 12-liikmeline National Medal of Science'i komitee.

National Medal of Science'i auhind anti esimest korda välja 18. veebruaril 1963. Selle au pälvis Theodore von Kármán.

Auhind jäi välja andmata aastatel 1971, 1972, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1984 ja 1985.

Laureaate

Käitumis- ja sotsiaalteaduste valdkonnas
1964 –	Neal Elgar Miller
1968 – B. F. Skinner
1986 –	Herbert Simon
1987 –	George Stigler
1988 –	Milton Friedman
1991 –	George Armitage Miller
1992 –	Eleanor Gibson
1996 –	Paul Samuelson
1999 –	Robert Solow
2000 – Gary Becker
2004 – Kenneth Arrow
2014 – Albert Bandura

Bioloogia valdkonnas
1964 –   Theodosius Dobzhansky, Marshall W. Nirenberg
1965 –	Francis Peyton Rous, George Simpson
1966 –	Sewall Wright, Fritz Lipmann
1968 –	Burrhus Skinner
1969 – Ernst Mayr
1970 –	Barbara McClintock
1973 – Earl Sutherland
1976 –	Edward Wilson, Roger Guillemin
1979 – Severo Ochoa, Arthur Kornberg
1983 –	Paul Berg
1986 –	Stanley Cohen, George Palade
1987 –	Rita Levi-Montalcini, Har Gobind Khorana
1988 –	Michael S. Brown, Eric Kandel, Joseph Goldstein, Rosalyn Yalow
1989 –	Roger Sperry, Joshua Lederberg
1990 –	Edward Lewis, E. Donnall Thomas
1991 –	G. Evelyn Hutchinson, Salvador Luria
1992 –	Howard Temin
1993 –	Daniel Nathans,
1997 –	James Watson
1999 –	Jared Diamond, Lynn Margulis, David Baltimore
2000 –	Peter H. Raven, Carl Woese
2001 – Francisco J. Ayala, Mario Capecchi, Harold Varmus
2003 – J. Michael Bishop
2004 – Thomas Starzl, Norman Borlaug, Phillip Sharp 
2005 – Torsten Wiesel
2006 – Rita Colwell
2007 – Robert Lefkowitz
2008 – Francis Collins, Craig Venter
2009 – Stanley Prusiner

Keemia valdkonnas
1964 – Robert Woodward
1983 – Roald Hoffmann
1986 – Yuan Tseh Lee
1987 – William Summer Johnson, Walter H. Stockmayer, Max Tishler
1988 – Konrad Bloch, Elias Corey
1989 – Melvin Calvin, Rudolph Marcus
1990 – Elkan Blout, Karl Folkers, John D. Roberts
1991 – Gertrude Elion, Dudley Herschbach, Glenn Seaborg
1993 – Donald Cram
1994 – George S. Hammond
1995 – Thomas Cech

Inseneriteaduste valdkonnas
1962 – Theodore von Kármán
1964 – Othmar Ammann
1967 – Igor Sikorsky
1969 – Jack Kilby
1975 – Wernher von Braun
1991 – Luna Leopold
2006 – Robert Langer
2007 – David Wineland
2008 – Rudolf Kálmán
2010 – Shu Chien

Matemaatika, statistika ja arvutiteaduse valdkonnas
1963 – Norbert Wiener
1966 – John Milnor
1974 – Kurt Gödel
1975 – John Backus
1979 – Donald Knuth
1986 – Peter Lax
1995 – Louis Nirenberg
1997 – Shing Tung Yau

Füüsika valdkonnas
1963 –	Luis Alvarez
1964 – Julian Schwinger, Harold Urey, Robert Woodward
1965 –	John Bardeen, Peter Debye, Leon Lederman
1966 –	Jacob Bjerknes, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, John Vleck, Vladimir Zworykin
1968 – Lars Onsager, Eugene Wigner
1969 – Herbert Brown
1970 –	Robert Dicke, Allan R. Sandage, John Wheeler
1974 –	Nicolaas Bloembergen, Paul Flory, William Alfred Fowler, Linus Carl Pauling
1975 –	Hans Bethe
1976 –	Henry Taube
1979 –	Richard Feynman, Edward Purcell, Lyman Spitzer, Victor Weisskopf
1982 – Philip Anderson, Yoichiro Nambu, Edward Teller, Charles Townes
1983 –	E. Margaret Burbidge, Walter Munk, Frederick Reines, J. Robert Schrieffer
1986 –	Robert Hofstadter, Chen Ning Yang
1987 –	Philip Abelson, Walter Elsasser, Paul Lauterbur, James Van Allen
1988 –	Walter Kohn, Norman Ramsey, Jack Steinberger
1989 – Robert Sharp, Henry Stommel
1990 –	Allan Cormack, Edwin McMillan, Roger Revelle
1991 –	Arthur Schawlow, Steven Weinberg
1992 –	Eugene Shoemaker
1993 –	Val Fitch, Vera Rubin	
1994 –	Frank Press
1995 –	Hans Dehmelt, Peter Goldreich
1996 –	Wallace Broecker
1997 –	Martin Schwarzschild
1998 –	Don Anderson, John Bahcall
1999 –	James Cronin
2000 –	Willis Lamb, Gilbert White
2001 –	Raymond Davis, Charles Keeling
2002 –	Richard Garwin, W. Jason Morgan, Edward Witten
2003 – G. Brent Dalrymple, Riccardo Giacconi
2004 – Robert Clayton
2005 – Ralph Alpher, Lonnie Thompson
2008 – James Gunn
2012 – Burton Richter, Sean Solomon

Vaata ka
National Medal of Arts
National Medal of Technology and Innovation

Viited

Välislingid
The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Search. nsf.gov

Ameerika Ühendriikide teadusauhinnad