Autologous HSCT

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Unlike the other chemotherapy regimen pages, this one is not disease-specific. Rather, this is a gathering point for all autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) conditioning regimens. Unless otherwise specified, the day before HSCT is day -1, the day of HSCT is day 0, and the day after HSCT is day +1. As with the rest of the HemOnc.org website, the focus here is on regimens used in the treatment of hematologic or oncologic conditions; there are roles for autologous HSCT outside of hematology/oncology but these use cases are considered to be out of scope.
These links will take you to highly related pages:
*Stem cell mobilization
Last updated on 2024-12-02:28 regimens on this page
62 variants on this page
=High dose therapy conditioning regimens, all lines of therapy=
==BCNU/TT==
BCNU/TT: BCNU (Carmustine), ThioTepa
===Regimen variant #1===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Illerhaus et al. 2006	1998-2003 	Phase 2
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 400 mg/m2 IV once on day 50
*Thiotepa (Thioplex) 5 mg/kg (route not specified) once per day on days 51 & 52
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 56
*Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor starting on day 61, continued until WBC greater than 1 x 109/L for 3 days
*"Standard supportive measures were taken according to institutional guidelines."
One course
===Regimen variant #2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Illerhaus et al. 2008	2003-2006 	Pilot, fewer than 20 patients
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 400 mg/m2 IV once on day 1
*Thiotepa (Thioplex) 5 mg/kg (route not specified) twice per day on days 2 & 3
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 7
One course
===References===
# Illerhaus G, Marks R, Ihorst G, Guttenberger R, Ostertag C, Derigs G, Frickhofen N, Feuerhake F, Volk B, Finke J. High-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation and hyperfractionated radiotherapy as first-line treatment of primary CNS lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Aug 20;24(24):3865-70. Epub 2006 Jul 24. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Illerhaus G, Müller F, Feuerhake F, Schäfer AO, Ostertag C, Finke J. High-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation without consolidating radiotherapy as first-line treatment for primary lymphoma of the central nervous system. Haematologica. 2008 Jan;93(1):147-8. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
==BEAC==
BEAC: BiCNU (Carmustine), Etoposide, Ara-C (Cytarabine), Cyclophosphamide
===Regimen variant #1===
Study 	Evidence
Geisler et al. 2008 (NLG MCL2)	Phase 2
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day 1
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV twice per day on days 2 to 5
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 400 mg/m2 IV once per day on days 2 to 5
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 1500 mg/m2 IV once per day on days 2 to 5
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on unspecified day
One course
===Regimen variant #2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
Philip et al. 1995 (PARMA)	1987-1994 	Phase 3 (E-esc)	DHAP x 4 	Seems to have longer OS
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV over 30 to 60 minutes once on day 1
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV over 30 to 60 minutes twice per day on days 2 to 5
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 100 mg/m2 IV over 30 minutes twice per day on days 2 to 5
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 35 mg/kg IV over 60 minutes once per day on days 2 to 5
====Supportive therapy====
*Mesna (Mesnex) 8.3 mg/kg IV over 30 minutes every 4 hours on days 2 to 5 (optional)
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 7, given 48 hours after last dose of etoposide
One course
===Regimen variant #3===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Philip et al. 1991 (PARMA pilot)	1986-1987 	Non-randomized
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV over 30 minutes once on day -13
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV twice per day on days -12 to -7
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 100 mg/m2 IV twice per day on days -12 to -9
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 35 mg/kg IV over 60 minutes once per day on days -12 to -9
====Supportive therapy====
*Mesna (Mesnex) 50 mg/kg IV once per day on days -12 to -9 (optional)
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# PARMA pilot: Philip T, Chauvin F, Armitage J, Bron D, Hagenbeek A, Biron P, Spitzer G, Velasquez W, Weisenburger DD, Fernandez-Ranada J, Somers R, Rizzoli V, Harousseau JL, Sotto JJ, Cahn JY, Guilhot F, Biggs J, Sonneveld P, Misset JL, Manna A, Jagannath S, Guglielmi C, Chevreau C, Delmer A, Santini G, Coiffier B. Parma international protocol: pilot study of DHAP followed by involved-field radiotherapy and BEAC with autologous bone marrow transplantation. Blood. 1991 Apr 1;77(7):1587-92. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# PARMA: Philip T, Guglielmi C, Hagenbeek A, Somers R, Van der Lelie H, Bron D, Sonneveld P, Gisselbrecht C, Cahn JY, Harousseau JL, Coiffier B, Biron P, Mandelli F, Chauvin F. Autologous bone marrow transplantation as compared with salvage chemotherapy in relapses of chemotherapy-sensitive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 1995 Dec 7;333(23):1540-5. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Retrospective: Jo JC, Kang BW, Jang G, Sym SJ, Lee SS, Koo JE, Kim JW, Kim S, Huh J, Suh C. BEAC or BEAM high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients: comparative analysis of efficacy and toxicity. Ann Hematol. 2008 Jan;87(1):43-8. Epub 2007 Aug 21. link to original article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# NLG MCL2: Geisler CH, Kolstad A, Laurell A, Andersen NS, Pedersen LB, Jerkeman M, Eriksson M, Nordström M, Kimby E, Boesen AM, Kuittinen O, Lauritzsen GF, Nilsson-Ehle H, Ralfkiaer E, Akerman M, Ehinger M, Sundström C, Langholm R, Delabie J, Karjalainen-Lindsberg ML, Brown P, Elonen E; Nordic Lymphoma Group. Long-term progression-free survival of mantle cell lymphoma after intensive front-line immunochemotherapy with in vivo-purged stem cell rescue: a nonrandomized phase 2 multicenter study by the Nordic Lymphoma Group. Blood. 2008 Oct 1;112(7):2687-93. Epub 2008 Jul 14. link to original article link to PMC article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
==BEAM==
BEAM: BiCNU (Carmustine), Etoposide, Ara-C (Cytarabine), Melphalan
===Regimen variant #1, 300/100q12/100q12/140 with 24-hour rest===
Study 	Evidence
Alvarnas et al. 2016 (BMT CTN 0803/AMC 071)	Phase 2
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -6
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours on days -5 to -2 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 100 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours on days -5 to -2 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #2, 300/100q12/100q12/140 with 48-hour rest===
Study 	Evidence
Van 't Veer et al. 2008 (HOVON 45)	Phase 2
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -7
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours on days -6 to -3 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 100 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours on days -6 to -3 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #3, 300/100q12/200/140===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Philip et al. 1987	1980-1985 	Non-randomized
Note: The manuscript did not specify which day peripheral blood stem cells were administered. This trial is of important historic interest because it indicated that patients with less than a partial response did worse than those with PR or better.
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day 1
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV over 60 minutes every 12 hours on days 2 to 5 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days 2 to 5
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV over 5 minutes once on day 6
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on unspecified day
One course
===Regimen variant #4, 300/100q12/200q12/140===
Study 	Evidence
Abrey et al. 2003 	Phase 2
Stewart et al. 2006 	Phase 2
d'Amore et al. 2012 (NLG-T-01)	Phase 2
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -6
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours on days -5 to -2 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 200 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours on days -5 to -2 (total dose: 1600 mg/m2)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
*(described in some publications)
*Filgrastim (Neupogen) by the following weight-based criteria:
**Less than 70 kg: 300 mcg SC once per day, starting on day +7 after stem cell transplant
**More than 70 kg (reference did not clarify which dosage to use for patients who are exactly 70 kg): 480 mcg SC once per day, starting on day +7 after stem cell transplant
*Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim DS) 160/800 mg PO twice per day on Monday and Thursdays, until 6 months after BEAM
*Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) 500 mg PO twice per day while ANC less than 500/μL
*Antifungal prophylaxis with one of the following:
**Fluconazole (Diflucan) 100 mg PO once per day while ANC less than 500/μL
**Nystatin (Mycostatin) 500,000 units swish & swallow four times per day while ANC less than 500/μL
*Acyclovir (Zovirax) 400 mg PO three times per day while ANC less than 500/μL
One course
===Regimen variant #5, 300/100q12/400/140===
Study 	Evidence
Geisler et al. 2008 (NLG MCL2)	Phase 2
Paper did not specify which day peripheral blood stem cells were administered.
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day 1
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV twice per day on days 2 to 5 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 400 mg/m2 IV once per day on days 2 to 5
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day 6
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on unspecified day
One course
===Regimen variant #6, 300/150q12/200q12/140===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
Linch et al. 1993 	Not reported 	Phase 3 (C) 	Mini-BEAM 	Longer PFS
Josting et al. 2005 	Not reported 	Phase 2 	 	
Schmitz et al. 2002 (GHSG HD-R1)	1993-1997 	Randomized (E-esc)	DexaBEAM 	Seems to have longer FFTF
Note: Josting et al. 2005 did not specify which day peripheral blood stem cells were administered.
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -7
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 150 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours on days -7 to -4 (total dose: 1200 mg/m2)
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 200 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours on days -7 to -4 (total dose: 1600 mg/m2)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -3
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #7, 300/200/100q12/140===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Colombat et al. 2006	1999-07 to 2001-11 	Phase 2
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day 1
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days 2 to 5 
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 100 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours on days 2 to 5 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day 6
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on unspecified day
One course
===Regimen variant #8, 300/200/200/140===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Vellenga et al. 2007 (HOVON-44) 	2000-2005 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT
Gisselbrecht et al. 2010 (CORAL)	2003-2007 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -6
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -2
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -2
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #9, 300/200/200q12/140 with 24 hour rest===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
Shimoni et al. 2012 (SHEBA-07-4466-AN-CTIL)	Not reported 	Randomized Phase 2 (C) 	Z-BEAM 	Seems to have shorter OS
Pardal et al. 2014 (GELTAMO-2006) 	2007-2009 	Phase 2 	 	
van Imhoff et al. 2016 (ORCHARRD) 	2010-2013 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT	 	
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -6
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -2 
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 200 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours on days -5 to -2 (total dose: 1600 mg/m2)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
*Variously described:
*Filgrastim (Neupogen) 5 mcg/kg SC once per day, starting on day +4 "until engraftment"
*Valacyclovir (Valtrex) (dose not specified) for one month
*Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim DS) (dose/frequency not specified) for six months
One course
===Regimen variant #10, 300/200/200q12/140 with 48 hour rest===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator 	Comparative Efficacy
Schmitz et al. 2021 (AATT)	2011-2014 	Phase 3 (C)	Fludarabine, Busulfan, Cyclophosphamide, then allo HSCT	Did not meet primary endpoint of EFS36
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -7
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -6 to -3
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 200 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours on days -6 to -3 (total dose: 1600 mg/m2)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #11, 300/200q12/200q12/140===
Study 	Evidence
Zinzani et al. 2003	Retrospective
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -7
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 200 mg/m2 IV twice per day on days -6 to -3 (total dose: 1600 mg/m2)
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 200 mg/m2 IV twice per day on days -6 to -3 (total dose: 1600 mg/m2)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #12, 300/200/400/140===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
Ladetto et al. 2023 (FIL FLAZ12)	2012-08 to 2019-09 	Phase 3 (C)	Zevalin 	Did not meet primary endpoint of PFS
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -6
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -2 
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 400 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -2
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
*Filgrastim (Neupogen) 5 mcg/kg SC once per day, starting on day +2, continued until ANC greater than 1500/μL
One course
===References===
# Philip T, Armitage JO, Spitzer G, Chauvin F, Jagannath S, Cahn JY, Colombat P, Goldstone AH, Gorin NC, Flesh M, Laporte JP, Maraninchi D, Pico J, Bosly A, Anderson C, Schots R, Biron P, Cabanillas F, Dicke K. High-dose therapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation after failure of conventional chemotherapy in adults with intermediate-grade or high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 1987 Jun 11;316(24):1493-8. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# GHSG HD-R1: Schmitz N, Pfistner B, Sextro M, Sieber M, Carella AM, Haenel M, Boissevain F, Zschaber R, Müller P, Kirchner H, Lohri A, Decker S, Koch B, Hasenclever D, Goldstone AH, Diehl V; German Hodgkin's Lymphoma Study Group; Lymphoma Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Aggressive conventional chemotherapy compared with high-dose chemotherapy with autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation for relapsed chemosensitive Hodgkin's disease: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2002 Jun 15;359(9323):2065-71. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Retrospective: Zinzani PL, Tani M, Gabriele A, Gherlinzoni F, de Vivo A, Ricci P, Bandini G, Lemoli RM, Motta MR, Rizzi S, Giudice V, Zompatori M, Stefoni V, Alinari L, Musuraca G, Bassi S, Conte R, Pileri S, Tura S, Baccarani M. High-dose therapy with autologous transplantation for Hodgkin's disease: the Bologna experience. Haematologica. 2003 May;88(5):522-8. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC 
# Abrey LE, Moskowitz CH, Mason WP, Crump M, Stewart D, Forsyth P, Paleologos N, Correa DD, Anderson ND, Caron D, Zelenetz A, Nimer SD, DeAngelis LM. Intensive methotrexate and cytarabine followed by high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell rescue in patients with newly diagnosed primary CNS lymphoma: an intent-to-treat analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2003 Nov 15;21(22):4151-6. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Retrospective: Zinzani PL, Tani M, Gabriele A, Gherlinzoni F, De Vivo A, Ricci P, Bandini G, Lemoli RM, Motta MR, Rizzi S, Guidice V, Zompatori M, Stefoni V, Alinari L, Musuraca G, Marchi E, Bassi S, Conte R, Pileri S, Tura S, Baccarani M. High-dose therapy with autologous transplantation for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: the Bologna experience. Leuk Lymphoma. 2004 Feb;45(2):321-6. EuroPMC
# Josting A, Sieniawski M, Glossmann JP, Staak O, Nogova L, Peters N, Mapara M, Dörken B, Ko Y, Metzner B, Kisro J, Diehl V, Engert A. High-dose sequential chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in relapsed and refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: results of a multicenter phase II study. Ann Oncol. 2005 Aug;16(8):1359-65. Epub 2005 Jun 6. link to original article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Stewart DA, Bahlis N, Valentine K, Balogh A, Savoie L, Morris DG, Jones A, Brown C, Russell JA. Upfront double high-dose chemotherapy with DICEP followed by BEAM and autologous stem cell transplantation for poor-prognosis aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2006 Jun 15;107(12):4623-7. Epub 2006 Feb 7. link to original article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC content property of HemOnc.org
# Colombat P, Lemevel A, Bertrand P, Delwail V, Rachieru P, Brion A, Berthou C, Bay JO, Delepine R, Desablens B, Camilleri-Broët S, Linassier C, Lamy T; GOELAMS. High-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation as first-line therapy for primary CNS lymphoma in patients younger than 60 years: a multicenter phase II study of the GOELAMS group. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2006 Sep;38(6):417-20. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Retrospective: Jo JC, Kang BW, Jang G, Sym SJ, Lee SS, Koo JE, Kim JW, Kim S, Huh J, Suh C. BEAC or BEAM high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients: comparative analysis of efficacy and toxicity. Ann Hematol. 2008 Jan;87(1):43-8. Epub 2007 Aug 21. link to original article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# NLG MCL2: Geisler CH, Kolstad A, Laurell A, Andersen NS, Pedersen LB, Jerkeman M, Eriksson M, Nordström M, Kimby E, Boesen AM, Kuittinen O, Lauritzsen GF, Nilsson-Ehle H, Ralfkiaer E, Akerman M, Ehinger M, Sundström C, Langholm R, Delabie J, Karjalainen-Lindsberg ML, Brown P, Elonen E; Nordic Lymphoma Group. Long-term progression-free survival of mantle cell lymphoma after intensive front-line immunochemotherapy with in vivo-purged stem cell rescue: a nonrandomized phase 2 multicenter study by the Nordic Lymphoma Group. Blood. 2008 Oct 1;112(7):2687-93. Epub 2008 Jul 14. link to original article link to PMC article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC ISRCTN87866680
# HOVON 45: Van 't Veer MB, de Jong D, MacKenzie M, Kluin-Nelemans HC, van Oers MH, Zijlstra J, Hagenbeek A, van Putten WL. High-dose Ara-C and BEAM with autograft rescue in R-CHOP responsive mantle cell lymphoma patients. Br J Haematol. 2009 Feb;144(4):524-30. Epub 2008 Nov 26. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# CORAL: Gisselbrecht C, Glass B, Mounier N, Singh Gill D, Linch DC, Trneny M, Bosly A, Ketterer N, Shpilberg O, Hagberg H, Ma D, Brière J, Moskowitz CH, Schmitz N. Salvage regimens with autologous transplantation for relapsed large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Sep 20;28(27):4184-90. Epub 2010 Jul 26. Erratum in: J Clin Oncol. 2012 May 20;30(15):1896. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC NCT00137995
# SHEBA-07-4466-AN-CTIL: Shimoni A, Avivi I, Rowe JM, Yeshurun M, Levi I, Or R, Patachenko P, Avigdor A, Zwas T, Nagler A. A randomized study comparing yttrium-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin) and high-dose BEAM chemotherapy versus BEAM alone as the conditioning regimen before autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with aggressive lymphoma. Cancer. 2012 Oct 1;118(19):4706-14. Epub 2012 Jan 17. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00491491
# NLG-T-01: d'Amore F, Relander T, Lauritzsen GF, Jantunen E, Hagberg H, Anderson H, Holte H, Österborg A, Merup M, Brown P, Kuittinen O, Erlanson M, Østenstad B, Fagerli UM, Gadeberg OV, Sundström C, Delabie J, Ralfkiaer E, Vornanen M, Toldbod HE. Up-front autologous stem-cell transplantation in peripheral T-cell lymphoma: NLG-T-01. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Sep 1;30(25):3093-9. Epub 2012 Jul 30. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00791947
# GELTAMO-2006: Pardal E, Coronado M, Martín A, Grande C, Marín-Niebla A, Panizo C, Bello JL, Conde E, Hernández MT, Arranz R, Bargay J, González-Barca E, Pérez-Ceballos E, Montes-Moreno S, Caballero MD. Intensification treatment based on early FDG-PET in patients with high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a phase II GELTAMO trial. Br J Haematol. 2014 Nov;167(3):327-36. Epub 2014 Jul 28. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT01361191
# BMT CTN 0803/AMC 071: Alvarnas JC, Le Rademacher J, Wang Y, Little RF, Akpek G, Ayala E, Devine S, Baiocchi R, Lozanski G, Kaplan L, Noy A, Popat U, Hsu J, Morris LE Jr, Thompson J, Horowitz MM, Mendizabal A, Levine A, Krishnan A, Forman SJ, Navarro WH, Ambinder R. Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for HIV-related lymphoma: results of the BMT CTN 0803/AMC 071 trial. Blood. 2016 Aug 25;128(8):1050-8. Epub 2016 Jun 13. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC NCT01141712
# ORCHARRD: van Imhoff GW, McMillan A, Matasar MJ, Radford J, Ardeshna KM, Kuliczkowski K, Kim W, Hong X, Goerloev JS, Davies A, Barrigón MD, Ogura M, Leppä S, Fennessy M, Liao Q, van der Holt B, Lisby S, Hagenbeek A. Ofatumumab Versus Rituximab Salvage Chemoimmunotherapy in Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: The ORCHARRD Study. J Clin Oncol. 2017 Feb 10;35(5):544-51. Epub 2016 Dec 28. link to original article link to data supplement dosing details in supplement have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT01014208
# AATT: Schmitz N, Truemper L, Bouabdallah K, Ziepert M, Leclerc M, Cartron G, Jaccard A, Reimer P, Wagner E, Wilhelm M, Sanhes L, Lamy T, de Leval L, Rosenwald A, Roussel M, Kroschinsky F, Lindemann W, Dreger P, Viardot A, Milpied N, Gisselbrecht C, Wulf G, Gyan E, Gaulard P, Bay JO, Glass B, Poeschel V, Damaj G, Sibon D, Delmer A, Bilger K, Banos A, Haenel M, Dreyling M, Metzner B, Keller U, Braulke F, Friedrichs B, Nickelsen M, Altmann B, Tournilhac O. A randomized phase 3 trial of autologous vs allogeneic transplantation as part of first-line therapy in poor-risk peripheral T-NHL. Blood. 2021 May 13;137(19):2646-2656. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC NCT00984412
##Update: Tournilhac O, Altmann B, Friedrichs B, Bouabdallah K, Leclerc M, Cartron G, Turlure P, Reimer P, Wagner-Drouet E, Sanhes L, Houot R, Roussel M, Kroschinsky F, Dreger P, Viardot A, de Leval L, Rosenwald A, Gaulard P, Wulf G, Villate A, Latiere C, Elmaagacli A, Glass B, Poeschel V, Damaj G, Sibon D, Durot E, Bilger K, Banos A, Haenel M, Dreyling M, Keller U, Tiab M, Drenou B, Cornillon J, Nguyen S, Robin M, Nickelsen M, Trümper L, Lenz G, Ziepert M, Schmitz N; French Lymphoma Study Association (LYSA), the Société Francophone de greffe de moelle et Thérapie Cellulaire (SFGM-TC), and the German Lymphoma Alliance (GLA). Long-Term Follow-Up of the Prospective Randomized AATT Study (Autologous or Allogeneic Transplantation in Patients With Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma). J Clin Oncol. 2024 Nov 10;42(32):3788-3794. Epub 2024 Sep 13. link to original article EuroPMC
#FIL FLAZ12: Ladetto M, Tavarozzi R, Zanni M, Evangelista A, Ferrero S, Tucci A, Botto B, Bolis S, Volpetti S, Zilioli VR, Puccini B, Arcari A, Pavone V, Gaidano G, Corradini P, Tani M, Cavallo F, Milone G, Ghiggi C, Pinto A, Pastore D, Ferreri AJM, Latte G, Patti C, Re F, Benedetti F, Luminari S, Pennese E, Bossi E, Boccomini C, Anastasia A, Bottelli C, Ciccone G, Vitolo U. Radioimmunotherapy versus autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma: a Fondazione Italiana Linfomi multicenter, randomized, phase III trial. Ann Oncol. 2024 Jan;35(1):118-129. Epub 2023 Nov 3. link to original article dosing details in supplement have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT01827605
==BeEAM==
BeEAM: Bendamustine, Etoposide, Ara-C (Cytarabine), Melphalan
===Regimen===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Visani et al. 2011	2008-08 to 2010-06 	Phase 1/2
====Chemotherapy====
*Bendamustine 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -7 & -6
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -2 
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 400 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -2
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# Visani G, Malerba L, Stefani PM, Capria S, Galieni P, Gaudio F, Specchia G, Meloni G, Gherlinzoni F, Giardini C, Falcioni S, Cuberli F, Gobbi M, Sarina B, Santoro A, Ferrara F, Rocchi M, Ocio EM, Caballero MD, Isidori A. BeEAM (bendamustine, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan) before autologous stem cell transplantation is safe and effective for resistant/relapsed lymphoma patients. Blood. 2011 Sep 22;118(12):3419-25. Epub 2011 Aug 3. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC EudraCT 2008-002736-15
==Bortezomib & Melphalan==
Bor-HDM: Bortezomib, High Dose Melphalan
===Regimen variant #1, HDM 140 mg/m2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Sanchorawala et al. 2015 (X05292)	2010-01 to 2013-08 	Phase 2
====Targeted therapy====
*Bortezomib (Velcade) 1 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -6, -3, +1, +4
====Chemotherapy====
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 70 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -2 & -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #2, HDM 200 mg/m2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Roussel et al. 2009 	2007-07 to 2007-12 	Phase 2
Sanchorawala et al. 2015 (X05292)	2010-01 to 2013-08 	Phase 2
====Targeted therapy====
*Bortezomib (Velcade) 1 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -6, -3, +1, +4
====Chemotherapy====
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 100 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -2 & -1
**Roussel et al. 2009 gave as a single 200 mg/m2 dose on day -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# Roussel M, Moreau P, Huynh A, Mary JY, Danho C, Caillot D, Hulin C, Fruchart C, Marit G, Pégourié B, Lenain P, Araujo C, Kolb B, Randriamalala E, Royer B, Stoppa AM, Dib M, Dorvaux V, Garderet L, Mathiot C, Avet-Loiseau H, Harousseau JL, Attal M; Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome. Bortezomib and high-dose melphalan as conditioning regimen before autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with de novo multiple myeloma: a phase 2 study of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome (IFM). Blood. 2010 Jan 7;115(1):32-7. Epub 2009 Nov 2. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00642395
# X05292: Sanchorawala V, Brauneis D, Shelton AC, Lo S, Sun F, Sloan JM, Quillen K, Seldin DC. Induction therapy with bortezomib followed by bortezomib-high dose melphalan and stem cell transplantation for light chain amyloidosis: Results of a prospective clinical trial. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2015 Aug;21(8):1445-51. Epub 2015 Apr 6. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT01083316
==Busulfan & Cyclophosphamide==
BuCy: Busulfan & Cyclophosphamide
===Regimen variant #1, 12.8/120===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
Liu et al. 2023	2016-01 to 2019-02 	Phase 3 (C)	Ida-BuCy 	Did not meet primary endpoint of RR
====Chemotherapy====
*Busulfan (Myleran) 3.2 mg/kg/day (route/frequency not specified) on days -7 to -4
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 60 mg/kg IV once per day on days -3 & -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #2, 16/120===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator 	Comparative Efficacy
Vellenga et al. 2011 (HOVON-SAKK AML-29/AML-42)	1995-2006 	Phase 3 (E-esc)	Etoposide & Mitoxantrone	Did not meet primary endpoint of RFSRFS60: 38% vs 29%(HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.66-1.10)
====Chemotherapy====
*Busulfan (Myleran) 4 mg/kg PO (frequency not specified) on days -7 to -4
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 60 mg/kg IV once per day on days -3 & -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #3, 16/200===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator 	Comparative Efficacy
Ravindranath et al. 1996	1988-1993 	Phase 3 (E-esc)	Intensive chemotherapy	Did not meet primary endpoint of EFS24
====Chemotherapy====
*Busulfan (Myleran) 1 mg/kg PO every 6 hours on days -9 to -6
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 50 mg/kg IV once per day on days -5 to -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# Ravindranath Y, Yeager AM, Chang MN, Steuber CP, Krischer J, Graham-Pole J, Carroll A, Inoue S, Camitta B, Weinstein HJ; Pediatric Oncology Group. Autologous bone marrow transplantation versus intensive consolidation chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia in childhood. N Engl J Med. 1996 May 30;334(22):1428-34. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# HOVON-SAKK AML-29/AML-42: Vellenga E, van Putten W, Ossenkoppele GJ, Verdonck LF, Theobald M, Cornelissen JJ, Huijgens PC, Maertens J, Gratwohl A, Schaafsma R, Schanz U, Graux C, Schouten HC, Ferrant A, Bargetzi M, Fey MF, Löwenberg B; Dutch-Belgian Hemato-Oncology Cooperative Group; Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research. Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2011 Dec 1;118(23):6037-42. Epub 2011 Sep 27. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
#Liu H, Huang F, Zhang Y, Wu M, Xu N, Fan Z, Sun Z, Li X, Lin D, Xiong Y, Liu X, Lin R, Shi P, Xu J, Wang Z, Li X, Sun J, Liu Q, Xuan L. Idarubicin plus BuCy versus BuCy conditioning regimens for intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission undergoing auto-HSCT: An open-label, multicenter, randomized phase 3 trial. Am J Hematol. 2023 Mar;98(3):408-412. Epub 2023 Jan 1. link to original article EuroPMC NCT02671708
==Busulfan & Melphalan==
BuMel: Busulfan & Melphalan
===Regimen variant #1, PO busulfan (12 mg/kg)===
Study 	Evidence
Yanada et al. 2013 (JALSG APL205R)	Phase 2
This regimen was evaluated in the setting of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia.
====Chemotherapy====
*Busulfan (Myleran) 1 mg/kg PO every 6 hours on days -6 to -4 (total dose of 12 mg/kg)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 70 mg/m2 IV bolus once per day on days -3 & -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #2, PO busulfan (16 mg/kg), mel 140 mg/m2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
Atra et al. 1997 	Not reported 	Phase 2, fewer than 20 pts	 	
Whelan et al. 2018 (R2Loc)	2000-2015 	Phase 3 (E-esc) 	VAI 	Seems to have longer OS (secondary endpoint)
This regimen was evaluated in the setting of poor risk Ewing sarcoma.
====Chemotherapy====
*Busulfan (Myleran) 1 mg/kg PO every 6 hours on days -5 to -2 (total dose of 16 mg/kg)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #3, PO busulfan (16 mg/kg), mel 160 mg/m2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Atra et al. 1997	Not reported 	Phase 2, fewer than 20 pts
This regimen was evaluated in the setting of poor risk Ewing sarcoma.
====Chemotherapy====
*Busulfan (Myleran) 1 mg/kg PO every 6 hours on days -5 to -2 (total dose of 16 mg/kg)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 160 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #4, IV busulfan===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Strauss et al. 2003	1998-01 to 1999-06 	Phase 2
This regimen was evaluated in the setting of metastatic Ewing sarcoma. Note that melphalan is reported as given on day 2 (not day -2) in the original reference but this is surely an error.
====Chemotherapy====
*Busulfan (Myleran) 150 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -6 to -3
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# Atra A, Whelan JS, Calvagna V, Shankar AG, Ashley S, Shepherd V, Souhami RL, Pinkerton CR. High-dose busulphan/melphalan with autologous stem cell rescue in Ewing's sarcoma. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1997 Nov;20(10):843-6. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Strauss SJ, McTiernan A, Driver D, Hall-Craggs M, Sandison A, Cassoni AM, Kilby A, Michelagnoli M, Pringle J, Cobb J, Briggs T, Cannon S, Witt J, Whelan JS. Single center experience of a new intensive induction therapy for Ewing's family of tumors: feasibility, toxicity, and stem cell mobilization properties. J Clin Oncol. 2003 Aug 1;21(15):2974-81. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# JALSG APL205R: Yanada M, Tsuzuki M, Fujita H, Fujimaki K, Fujisawa S, Sunami K, Taniwaki M, Ohwada A, Tsuboi K, Maeda A, Takeshita A, Ohtake S, Miyazaki Y, Atsuta Y, Kobayashi Y, Naoe T, Emi N; Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group. Phase 2 study of arsenic trioxide followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood. 2013 Apr 18;121(16):3095-102. Epub 2013 Feb 14. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT01908621
# R2Loc: Whelan J, Le Deley MC, Dirksen U, Le Teuff G, Brennan B, Gaspar N, Hawkins DS, Amler S, Bauer S, Bielack S, Blay JY, Burdach S, Castex MP, Dilloo D, Eggert A, Gelderblom H, Gentet JC, Hartmann W, Hassenpflug WA, Hjorth L, Jimenez M, Klingebiel T, Kontny U, Kruseova J, Ladenstein R, Laurence V, Lervat C, Marec-Berard P, Marreaud S, Michon J, Morland B, Paulussen M, Ranft A, Reichardt P, van den Berg H, Wheatley K, Judson I, Lewis I, Craft A, Juergens H, Oberlin O; Euro-EWING-99 and EWING-2008 Investigators. High-dose chemotherapy and blood autologous stem-cell rescue compared with standard chemotherapy in localized high-risk Ewing sarcoma: results of Euro-EWING99 and Ewing-2008. J Clin Oncol. 2018 Nov 1;36(31):3110-9. Epub 2018 Sep 6. link to original article dosing details in supplement have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC NCT00020566
==Bu/TT==
Bu/TT: Busulfan, ThioTepa
===Regimen===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Montemurro et al. 2007 (OSHO-53)	1999-2004 	Phase 2
====Chemotherapy====
*Busulfan (Myleran) 4 mg/kg PO four times per day on days -8 to -5
*Thiotepa (Thioplex) 5 mg/kg IV once per day on days -4 & -3
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# OSHO-53: Montemurro M, Kiefer T, Schüler F, Al-Ali HK, Wolf HH, Herbst R, Haas A, Helke K, Theilig A, Lotze C, Hirt C, Niederwieser D, Schwenke M, Krüger WH, Dölken G. Primary central nervous system lymphoma treated with high-dose methotrexate, high-dose busulfan/thiotepa, autologous stem-cell transplantation and response-adapted whole-brain radiotherapy: results of the multicenter Ostdeutsche Studiengruppe Hamato-Onkologie OSHO-53 phase II study. Ann Oncol. 2007 Apr;18(4):665-71. Epub 2006 Dec 21. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
==Bu/TT/Cy==
Bu/TT/Cy: Busulfan, ThioTepa, Cyclophosphamide
TBC: Thiotepa, Busulfan, , Cyclophosphamide
===Regimen variant #1===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Omuro et al. 2015 (MSK 04-129)	2005-2011 	Phase 2
Primary indication: primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL)
====Chemotherapy====
*Busulfan (Myleran) 3.2 mg/kg IV once per day on days -6, -5, and -4
*Thiotepa (Thioplex) 250 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -9, -8, and -7
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 60 mg/kg IV once per day on days -3 and -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #2, age-based busulfan dosing===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Soussain et al. 2001	1992-03 to 1995-03 	Pilot, >20 pts
Soussain et al. 2008	2000-2005 	Phase 2
Primary indication: primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL)
====Chemotherapy====
*Busulfan (Myleran) by the following age-based criteria:
**60 years old or younger: 10 mg/kg PO or 8 mg/kg IV once per day on days -6, -5, and -4
**60 years old or older: 6 mg/kg PO or 4.8 mg/kg IV once per day on days -6, -5, and -4
*Thiotepa (Thioplex) 250 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -9, -8, and -7
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 60 mg/kg IV once per day on days -3 & -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Clonazepam (Klonopin) 2 mg/day IV from the first day of busulfan until completion of busulfan
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# Soussain C, Suzan F, Hoang-Xuan K, Cassoux N, Levy V, Azar N, Belanger C, Achour E, Ribrag V, Gerber S, Delattre JY, Leblond V. Results of intensive chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem-cell rescue in 22 patients with refractory or recurrent primary CNS lymphoma or intraocular lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2001 Feb 1;19(3):742-9. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Soussain C, Hoang-Xuan K, Taillandier L, Fourme E, Choquet S, Witz F, Casasnovas O, Dupriez B, Souleau B, Taksin AL, Gisselbrecht C, Jaccard A, Omuro A, Sanson M, Janvier M, Kolb B, Zini JM, Leblond V; Société Française de Greffe de Moëlle Osseuse-Thérapie Cellulaire. Intensive chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem-cell rescue for refractory and recurrent primary CNS and intraocular lymphoma: Société Française de Greffe de Moëlle Osseuse-Thérapie Cellulaire. J Clin Oncol. 2008 May 20;26(15):2512-8. Epub 2008 Apr 14. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# MSK 04-129: Omuro A, Correa DD, DeAngelis LM, Moskowitz CH, Matasar MJ, Kaley TJ, Gavrilovic IT, Nolan C, Pentsova E, Grommes CC, Panageas KS, Baser RE, Faivre G, Abrey LE, Sauter CS. R-MPV followed by high-dose chemotherapy with TBC and autologous stem-cell transplant for newly diagnosed primary CNS lymphoma. Blood. 2015 Feb 26;125(9):1403-10. Epub 2015 Jan 7. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC NCT00596154
# Retrospective: DeFilipp Z, Li S, El-Jawahri A, Armand P, Nayak L, Wang N, Batchelor TT, Chen YB. High-dose chemotherapy with thiotepa, busulfan, and cyclophosphamide and autologous stem cell transplantation for patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma in first complete remission. Cancer. 2017 Aug 15;123(16):3073-3079. Epub 2017 Apr 3. link to original article EuroPMC
==CBV==
CBV: Cyclophosphamide, BiCNU (Carmustine), VP-16 (Etoposide)
===Regimen variant #1, 100/300/60, some BSA-based===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
Stiff et al. 2013 (SWOG S9704)	1999-2007 	Phase 3 (E-esc)	R-CHOP x 8	Higher PFS24 (co-primary endpoint)PFS24: 69% vs 55%(HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.40-0.85)Did not meet co-primary endpoint of OS24OS24: 74% vs 71%(HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.82-1.94)
====Chemotherapy====
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 100 mg/kg (IBW) IV once on day -2
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -6
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 60 mg/kg (IBW) IV once on day -4
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #2, 100/15/60, all weight-based===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Stiff et al. 1998 	1990-04 to 1994-11 	Phase 2
Damon et al. 2009 (CALGB 59909)	2001-2004 	Phase 2
Note: Stiff et al. 1998 based BCNU dosing on ideal body weight, whereas CALGB 59909 capped based on BSA, as described below.
====Chemotherapy====
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 100 mg/kg IV over 2 hours once on day -2
*Carmustine (BCNU) 15 mg/kg (maximum dose of 550 mg/m2) IV over 60 minutes once on day -6
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 60 mg/kg IV over 4 hours once on day -4
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
*Filgrastim (Neupogen) 5 mcg/kg SC once per day, starting on day +4, to continue until ANC greater than 5000/μL once or greater than 1500/μL twice
*Levofloxacin (Levaquin) 500 mg PO once per day, starting on day +2, to continue until ANC at least 500/μL
*Fluconazole (Diflucan) 200 mg PO once per day, starting on day +1, to continue until ANC at least 500/μL
*Acyclovir (Zovirax) 200 mg PO three times per day, starting on day -2, to continue until 1 year after HSCT
*Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim DS) 160/800 mg PO twice per day on Saturday and Sunday, to continue until 3 months after HSCT
=====Additional considerations=====
If any patient appeared to be experiencing carmustine-induced pneumonitis:
*Prednisone (Sterapred) 0.5 mg/kg PO twice per day x 2 weeks, then tapered over 4 weeks
One course
===Regimen variant #3, 1500/300/250, all BSA-based===
Study 	Evidence
Zinzani et al. 2003	Retrospective
====Chemotherapy====
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 1500 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -6 to -3
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -6
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 250 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -6 to -4
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #4, 1800/600/400===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Reece et al. 1994	1985-1988 	Phase 2, fewer than 20 pts
Note: the lower of IBW or ABW was used in the dosing calculations.
====Chemotherapy====
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 1800 mg/m2 IV over 2 hours once per day on days -7 to -4
*Carmustine (BCNU) 600 mg/m2 IV once on day -3
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 400 mg/m2 IV over 60 minutes every 12 hours on days -7 to -5
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# Reece DE, Connors JM, Spinelli JJ, Barnett MJ, Fairey RN, Klingemann HG, Nantel SH, O'Reilly S, Shepherd JD, Sutherland HJ, Voss N, Chan KW, Phillips GL. Intensive therapy with cyclophosphamide, carmustine, etoposide +/- cisplatin, and autologous bone marrow transplantation for Hodgkin's disease in first relapse after combination chemotherapy. Blood. 1994 Mar 1;83(5):1193-9. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Stiff PJ, Dahlberg S, Forman SJ, McCall AR, Horning SJ, Nademanee AP, Blume KG, LeBlanc M, Fisher RI; SWOG. Autologous bone marrow transplantation for patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: value of augmented preparative regimens--a Southwest Oncology Group trial. J Clin Oncol. 1998 Jan;16(1):48-55. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Retrospective: Zinzani PL, Tani M, Gabriele A, Gherlinzoni F, de Vivo A, Ricci P, Bandini G, Lemoli RM, Motta MR, Rizzi S, Giudice V, Zompatori M, Stefoni V, Alinari L, Musuraca G, Bassi S, Conte R, Pileri S, Tura S, Baccarani M. High-dose therapy with autologous transplantation for Hodgkin's disease: the Bologna experience. Haematologica. 2003 May;88(5):522-8. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC 
# CALGB 59909: Damon LE, Johnson JL, Niedzwiecki D, Cheson BD, Hurd DD, Bartlett NL, Lacasce AS, Blum KA, Byrd JC, Kelly M, Stock W, Linker CA, Canellos GP. Immunochemotherapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation for untreated patients with mantle-cell lymphoma: CALGB 59909. J Clin Oncol. 2009 Dec 20;27(36):6101-8. Epub 2009 Nov 16. link to original article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC NCT00020943
# SWOG S9704: Stiff PJ, Unger JM, Cook JR, Constine LS, Couban S, Stewart DA, Shea TC, Porcu P, Winter JN, Kahl BS, Miller TP, Tubbs RR, Marcellus D, Friedberg JW, Barton KP, Mills GM, LeBlanc M, Rimsza LM, Forman SJ, Fisher RI. Autologous transplantation as consolidation for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2013 Oct 31;369(18):1681-90. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC NCT00004031
==CBV-Mx==
CBV-Mx: Cyclophosphamide, BiCNU (Carmustine), VP-16 (Etoposide), Mitoxantrone
CBVM: Cyclophosphamide, BiCNU (Carmustine), VP-16 (Etoposide), Mitoxantrone
===Regimen variant #1===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Morschhauser et al. 2008 (GELA/SFGM H96)	1995-01 to 2002-12 	Phase 2
====Chemotherapy====
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 1500 mg/m2/day IV on days -7 to -4
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -4
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 250 mg/m2/day IV on days -7 to -4
*Mitoxantrone (Novantrone) 30 mg/m2 IV once on day -8
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Haioun et al. 2009 (LNH 98-3)	1999-2004 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT
====Chemotherapy====
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 1500 mg/m2/day IV on days 2 to 5
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day 6
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 250 mg/m2/day IV on days 2 to 5
*Mitoxantrone (Novantrone) 45 mg/m2 IV once on day 1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on unspecified day
One course
===References===
# GELA/SFGM H96: Morschhauser F, Brice P, Fermé C, Diviné M, Salles G, Bouabdallah R, Sebban C, Voillat L, Casasnovas O, Stamatoullas A, Bouabdallah K, André M, Jais JP, Cazals-Hatem D, Gisselbrecht C; GELA; SFGM. Risk-adapted salvage treatment with single or tandem autologous stem-cell transplantation for first relapse/refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma: results of the prospective multicenter H96 trial by the GELA/SFGM study group. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Dec 20;26(36):5980-7. Epub 2008 Nov 17. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
## Update: Sibon D, Morschhauser F, Resche-Rigon M, Ghez D, Dupuis J, Marçais A, Deau-Fischer B, Bouabdallah R, Sebban C, Salles G, Brice P. Single or tandem autologous stem-cell transplantation for first-relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: 10-year follow-up of the prospective H96 trial by the LYSA/SFGM-TC study group. Haematologica. 2016 Apr;101(4):474-81. Epub 2015 Dec 31. link to original article link to PMC article EuroPMC
#LNH 98-3: Haioun C, Mounier N, Emile JF, Ranta D, Coiffier B, Tilly H, Récher C, Fermé C, Gabarre J, Herbrecht R, Morchhauser F, Gisselbrecht C. Rituximab versus observation after high-dose consolidative first-line chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients with poor-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Ann Oncol. 2009 Dec;20(12):1985-92. Epub 2009 Jun 30. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00169169
==CHUT==
===Regimen===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator 	Comparative Efficacy
Biron et al. 2007 (Pegase 03)	1995-2001 	Phase 3 (E-esc)	No further treatment	Longer DFS
Note: This regimen is no longer used, but of historical interest.
====Chemotherapy====
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 1500 mg/m2/day IV continuous infusion over 96 hours, started on day 1 (total dose: 6000 mg/m2)
*Thiotepa (Thioplex) 200 mg/m2/day IV continuous infusion over 96 hours, started on day 1 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
====Supportive therapy====
*Filgrastim (Neupogen) 5 mcg/kg SC once per day, started on day 1
*Mesna (Mesnex) 1600 mg/m2/day IV continuous infusion over 120 hours, started on day 1, 1 hour before cyclophosphamide (total dose: 8000 mg/m2)
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 8
One course
===References===
# Pegase 03: Biron P, Durand M, Roché H, Delozier T, Battista C, Fargeot P, Spaeth D, Bachelot T, Poiget E, Monnot F, Tanguy ML, Curé H. Pegase 03: a prospective randomized phase III trial of FEC with or without high-dose thiotepa, cyclophosphamide and autologous stem cell transplantation in first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2008 Mar;41(6):555-62. Epub 2007 Nov 26. link to original article EuroPMC NCT00002870
==CTCb==
CTCb: Cyclophosphamide, Thiotepa, Carboplatin
===Regimen variant #1===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator 	Comparative Efficacy
Eder et al. 1990 	1987-1988 	Phase 1/2 	 	
Rodenhuis et al. 1998 	1991-1995 	Randomized Phase 2 (E-esc)	Standard adjuvant therapy	Did not meet co-primary endpoints of DFS/OS
Rodenhuis et al. 2003 (Dutch National Study)	1993-1999 	Phase 3 (E-esc) 	FEC x 5 	Did not meet primary endpoint of OS1
Bergh et al. 2000 (SBG 9401) 	1994-1998 	Phase 3 (C) 	See link 	See link
1Reported efficacy for the Dutch National Study is based on the 2020 update.
Note: This regimen is no longer used, but of historical interest.
====Chemotherapy====
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 1500 mg/m2/day IV on days -7 to -4
*Thiotepa (Thioplex) 125 mg/m2/day IV on days -7 to -4
*Carboplatin (Paraplatin) 200 mg/m2/day IV on days -7 to -4
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
Stadtmauer et al. 2000	1990-1997 	Phase 3 (E-esc)	CMF 	Did not meet primary endpoint of OS
Note: This regimen is no longer used, but of historical interest.
====Chemotherapy====
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 1500 mg/m2/day IV continuous infusion over 96 hours, started on day -6 (total dose: 6000 mg/m2)
*Thiotepa (Thioplex) 125 mg/m2/day IV continuous infusion over 96 hours, started on day -6 (total dose: 500 mg/m2)
*Carboplatin (Paraplatin) 200 mg/m2/day IV continuous infusion over 96 hours, started on day -6 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# Eder JP, Elias A, Shea TC, Schryber SM, Teicher BA, Hunt M, Burke J, Siegel R, Schnipper LE, Frei E 3rd, Antman K. A phase I-II study of cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, and carboplatin with autologous bone marrow transplantation in solid tumor patients. J Clin Oncol. 1990 Jul;8(7):1239-45. link to original article EuroPMC
# Rodenhuis S, Richel DJ, van der Wall E, Schornagel JH, Baars JW, Koning CC, Peterse JL, Borger JH, Nooijen WJ, Bakx R, Dalesio O, Rutgers E. Randomised trial of high-dose chemotherapy and haemopoietic progenitor-cell support in operable breast cancer with extensive axillary lymph-node involvement. Lancet. 1998 Aug 15;352(9127):515-21. link to original article EuroPMC
# Stadtmauer EA, O'Neill A, Goldstein LJ, Crilley PA, Mangan KF, Ingle JN, Brodsky I, Martino S, Lazarus HM, Erban JK, Sickles C, Glick JH; Philadelphia Bone Marrow Transplant Group. Conventional-dose chemotherapy compared with high-dose chemotherapy plus autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for metastatic breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2000 Apr 13;342(15):1069-76. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# SBG 9401: Bergh J, Wiklund T, Erikstein B, Lidbrink E, Lindman H, Malmström P, Kellokumpu-Lehtinen P, Bengtsson NO, Söderlund G, Anker G, Wist E, Ottosson S, Salminen E, Ljungman P, Holte H, Nilsson J, Blomqvist C, Wilking N; Scandinavian Breast Group. Tailored fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide compared with marrow-supported high-dose chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment for high-risk breast cancer: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2000 Oct 21;356(9239):1384-91. Erratum in: Lancet 2000 Dec 23-30;356(9248):2196. link to original article EuroPMC
# Dutch National Study: Rodenhuis S, Bontenbal M, Beex LV, Wagstaff J, Richel DJ, Nooij MA, Voest EE, Hupperets P, van Tinteren H, Peterse HL, TenVergert EM, de Vries EG; Netherlands Working Party on Autologous Transplantation in Solid Tumors. High-dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem-cell rescue for high-risk breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003 Jul 3;349(1):7-16. link to original article EuroPMC NCT03087409
## Update: Rodenhuis S, Bontenbal M, van Hoesel QG, Smit WM, Nooij MA, Voest EE, van der Wall E, Hupperets P, van Tinteren H, Peterse JL, van de Vijver MJ, de Vries EG; Netherlands Working Party on Autologous Transplantation in Solid Tumours. Efficacy of high-dose alkylating chemotherapy in HER2/neu-negative breast cancer. Ann Oncol. 2006 Apr;17(4):588-96. Epub 2006 Jan 30. link to original article EuroPMC
## Update: Steenbruggen TG, Steggink LC, Seynaeve CM, van der Hoeven JJM, Hooning MJ, Jager A, Konings IR, Kroep JR, Smit WM, Tjan-Heijnen VCG, van der Wall E, Bins AD, Linn SC, Schaapveld M, Jacobse JN, van Leeuwen FE, Schröder CP, van Tinteren H, de Vries EGE, Sonke GS, Gietema JA. High-Dose Chemotherapy With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in Patients With High-Risk Breast Cancer and 4 or More Involved Axillary Lymph Nodes: 20-Year Follow-up of a Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol. 2020 Apr 1;6(4):528-534. link to original article link to PMC article EuroPMC
==Cyclophosphamide, Etoposide, TBI==
===Regimen===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Stiff et al. 1998 	1990-04 to 1994-11 	Phase 2
Thompson et al. 2008 (SWOG 9438)	1995-2004 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT
====Chemotherapy====
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 100 mg/kg IV over 1 to 2 hours once on day -2
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 60 mg/kg IV over 4 hours once on day -4
====Radiotherapy====
*Total body irradiation (TBI) with 150 cGy fractions given twice per day (fractions are at least 5 hours apart) x 8 fractions (total dose: 1200 cGy) over 4 days on days -8 to -5, with lung shielding for the final 60000 cGy
**Note: Table 1 of Stiff et al. 1998 lists the dosage of each fraction as being 120 cGy, in contrast to the body text under "treatment regimen" saying each fraction is 150 cGy. It is believed that the 150 cGy dose is correct since 8 fractions of this results in the correct total dose of 1200 cGy.
====Supportive therapy====
*Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 25 mg (route not specified) once 2 hours prior to etoposide to prevent allergic reaction
*Hydrocortisone (Cortef) 100 mg (route not specified) once 2 hours prior to etoposide to prevent allergic reaction
*"Continuous bladder irrigation and vigorous hydration were used" to protect against hemorrhagic cystitis
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# Stiff PJ, Dahlberg S, Forman SJ, McCall AR, Horning SJ, Nademanee AP, Blume KG, LeBlanc M, Fisher RI; SWOG. Autologous bone marrow transplantation for patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: value of augmented preparative regimens--a Southwest Oncology Group trial. J Clin Oncol. 1998 Jan;16(1):48-55. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
#SWOG 9438: Thompson JA, Fisher RI, Leblanc M, Forman SJ, Press OW, Unger JM, Nademanee AP, Stiff PJ, Petersdorf SH, Fefer A. Total body irradiation, etoposide, cyclophosphamide, and autologous peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation followed by randomization to therapy with interleukin-2 versus observation for patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma: results of a phase 3 randomized trial by the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG 9438). Blood. 2008 Apr 15;111(8):4048-54. Epub 2008 Feb 6. link to original article link to PMC article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00002649
==Cyclophosphamide & TBI==
Cy/TBI: Cyclophosphamide & Total Body Irradiation
===Regimen===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator 	Comparative Efficacy
Phillips et al. 1984 	1977-1982 	Non-randomized 	 	
Takvorian et al. 1987 	1982-1987 	Non-randomized 	 	
Schouten et al. 2003 (CUP)	1993-1997 	Phase 3 (E-esc)	CHOP x 3 	Might have longer OS
Dreyling et al. 2004 	1996-2004 	Phase 3 (E-esc)	Interferon alfa maintenance	Seems to have longer PFS (primary endpoint)Seems to have longer OS1 (secondary endpoint)Median OS: 7.5 vs 4.8 yrs(HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.46-0.95)
Reimer et al. 2004 	2000-2006 	Non-randomized 	 	
1Reported efficacy is based on the 2021 update; note that this study was conducted in the pre-rituximab era.
====Chemotherapy====
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 60 mg/kg IV once per day on days -3 & -2
====Radiotherapy====
*Total body irradiation (TBI) 1200 cGy in fractions on days –6 to –4 (pulmonary dosage was limited to 800 cGy)
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# Phillips GL, Herzig RH, Lazarus HM, Fay JW, Wolff SN, Mill WB, Lin H, Thomas PR, Glasgow GP, Shina DC, Herzig GP. Treatment of resistant malignant lymphoma with cyclophosphamide, total body irradiation, and transplantation of cryopreserved autologous marrow. N Engl J Med. 1984 Jun 14;310(24):1557-61. link to original article EuroPMC
# Takvorian T, Canellos GP, Ritz J, Freedman AS, Anderson KC, Mauch P, Tarbell N, Coral F, Daley H, Yeap B, Schlossman SF, Nadler LM. Prolonged disease-free survival after autologous bone marrow transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with a poor prognosis. N Engl J Med. 1987 Jun 11;316(24):1499-505. link to original article EuroPMC
# CUP: Schouten HC, Qian W, Kvaloy S, Porcellini A, Hagberg H, Johnsen HE, Doorduijn JK, Sydes MR, Kvalheim G. High-dose therapy improves progression-free survival and survival in relapsed follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: results from the randomized European CUP trial. J Clin Oncol. 2003 Nov 1;21(21):3918-27. Epub 2003 Sep 29. link to original article EuroPMC
# Reimer P, Schertlin T, Rüdiger T, Geissinger E, Roth S, Kunzmann V, Weissinger F, Nerl C, Schmitz N, Müller-Hermelink HK, Wilhelm M. Myeloablative radiochemotherapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation as first-line therapy in peripheral T-cell lymphomas: first results of a prospective multicenter study. Hematol J. 2004;5(4):304-11. link to original article EuroPMC
##Update: Reimer P, Rüdiger T, Geissinger E, Weissinger F, Nerl C, Schmitz N, Engert A, Einsele H, Müller-Hermelink HK, Wilhelm M. Autologous stem-cell transplantation as first-line therapy in peripheral T-cell lymphomas: results of a prospective multicenter study. J Clin Oncol. 2009 Jan 1;27(1):106-13. Epub 2008 Nov 24. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Dreyling M, Lenz G, Hoster E, Van Hoof A, Gisselbrecht C, Schmits R, Metzner B, Truemper L, Reiser M, Steinhauer H, Boiron JM, Boogaerts MA, Aldaoud A, Silingardi V, Kluin-Nelemans HC, Hasford J, Parwaresch R, Unterhalt M, Hiddemann W. Early consolidation by myeloablative radiochemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in first remission significantly prolongs progression-free survival in mantle-cell lymphoma: results of a prospective randomized trial of the European MCL Network. Blood. 2005 Apr 1;105(7):2677-84. Epub 2004 Dec 9. link to original article EuroPMC
## Update: Zoellner AK, Unterhalt M, Stilgenbauer S, Hübel K, Thieblemont C, Metzner B, Topp M, Truemper L, Schmidt C, Bouabdallah K, Krauter J, Lenz G, Dürig J, Vergote V, Schäfer-Eckart K, André M, Kluin-Nelemans HC, van Hoof A, Klapper W, Hiddemann W, Dreyling M, Hoster E; European Mantle Cell Lymphoma Network. Long-term survival of patients with mantle cell lymphoma after autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in first remission: a post-hoc analysis of an open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Haematol. 2021 Sep;8(9):e648-e657. link to original article EuroPMC
==Etoposide & TBI==
Etoposide & TBI: Etoposide & Total Body Irradiation
===Regimen===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator 	Comparative Efficacy
Rowe et al. 2005 (MRC UKALL XII/ECOG E2993)	1993-2003 	Phase 3 (E-esc)	International ALL Trial consolidation, then POMP maintenance	Seems to have shorter OS
Note: this is the same preparative regimen used for allogeneic transplant for certain patients; see reference for details. This regimen was evaluated in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in CR1.
====Chemotherapy====
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 60 mg/kg IV once on day -3
====Radiotherapy====
*Total body irradiation (TBI) 220 cGy twice per day in 6 fractions on days –6 to –4 (total dose: 1320 cGy)
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# MRC UKALL XII/ECOG E2993: Rowe JM, Buck G, Burnett AK, Chopra R, Wiernik PH, Richards SM, Lazarus HM, Franklin IM, Litzow MR, Ciobanu N, Prentice HG, Durrant J, Tallman MS, Goldstone AH; ECOG; MRC/NCRI Adult Leukemia Working Party. Induction therapy for adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results of more than 1500 patients from the international ALL trial: MRC UKALL XII/ECOG E2993. Blood. 2005 Dec 1;106(12):3760-7. Epub 2005 Aug 16. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00002514
## Update: Goldstone AH, Richards SM, Lazarus HM, Tallman MS, Buck G, Fielding AK, Burnett AK, Chopra R, Wiernik PH, Foroni L, Paietta E, Litzow MR, Marks DI, Durrant J, McMillan A, Franklin IM, Luger S, Ciobanu N, Rowe JM. In adults with standard-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the greatest benefit is achieved from a matched sibling allogeneic transplantation in first complete remission, and an autologous transplantation is less effective than conventional consolidation/maintenance chemotherapy in all patients: final results of the International ALL Trial (MRC UKALL XII/ECOG E2993). Blood. 2008 Feb 15;111(4):1827-33. Epub 2007 Nov 29. link to original article EuroPMC 
## Update: Fielding AK, Rowe JM, Richards SM, Buck G, Moorman AV, Durrant IJ, Marks DI, McMillan AK, Litzow MR, Lazarus HM, Foroni L, Dewald G, Franklin IM, Luger SM, Paietta E, Wiernik PH, Tallman MS, Goldstone AH. Prospective outcome data on 267 unselected adult patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia confirms superiority of allogeneic transplantation over chemotherapy in the pre-imatinib era: results from the International ALL Trial MRC UKALLXII/ECOG2993. Blood. 2009 May 7;113(19):4489-96. Epub 2009 Feb 24. link to original article link to PMC article EuroPMC 
## Update: Fielding AK, Rowe JM, Buck G, Foroni L, Gerrard G, Litzow MR, Lazarus H, Luger SM, Marks DI, McMillan AK, Moorman AV, Patel B, Paietta E, Tallman MS, Goldstone AH. UKALLXII/ECOG2993: addition of imatinib to a standard treatment regimen enhances long-term outcomes in Philadelphia positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 2014 Feb 6;123(6):843-50. Epub 2013 Nov 25. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC
==FEAM==
FEAM: Fotemustine, Etoposide, Ara-C (Cytarabine), Melphalan
===Regimen variant #1===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Musso et al. 2009	2007-2008 	Phase 2
Musso et al. 2015	2007-2012 	Non-randomized
====Chemotherapy====
*Fotemustine (Muphoran) 150 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -7 & -6 (total dose: 300 mg/m2)
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -2 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 400 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -2 (total dose: 1600 mg/m2)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Musso et al. 2015	2007-2012 	Non-randomized
====Chemotherapy====
*Fotemustine (Muphoran) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -6
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -2 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 400 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -2 (total dose: 1600 mg/m2)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# Musso M, Scalone R, Marcacci G, Lanza F, Di Renzo N, Cascavilla N, Di Bartolomeo P, Crescimanno A, Perrone T, Pinto A. Fotemustine plus etoposide, cytarabine and melphalan (FEAM) as a new conditioning regimen for lymphoma patients undergoing auto-SCT: a multicenter feasibility study. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2010 Jul;45(7):1147-53. Epub 2009 Nov 9. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Musso M, Messina G, Di Renzo N, Di Carlo P, Vitolo U, Scalone R, Marcacci G, Scalzulli PR, Moscato T, Matera R, Crescimanno A, Santarone S, Orciuolo E, Merenda A, Pavone V, Pastore D, Donnarumma D, Carella AM, Ciochetto C, Cascavilla N, Mele A, Lanza F, Di Nicola M, Bonizzoni E, Pinto A. Improved outcome of patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma with a new fotemustine-based high-dose chemotherapy regimen. Br J Haematol. 2016 Jan;172(1):111-21. Epub 2015 Oct 12. link to original article link to PMC article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
==LEED==
LEED: L-PAM (Melphalan), Endoxan (Cyclophosphamide), Etoposide, Dexamethasone
===Regimen===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
van Imhoff et al. 2016 (ORCHARRD)	2010-2013 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT
Note: this protocol does not appear to be commonly used outside of Japan.
====Chemotherapy====
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 130 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 60 mg/kg IV once per day on days -4 & -3
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 500 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -4 to -2 
====Glucocorticoid therapy====
*Dexamethasone (Decadron) 40 mg IV once per day on days -4 to -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# ORCHARRD: van Imhoff GW, McMillan A, Matasar MJ, Radford J, Ardeshna KM, Kuliczkowski K, Kim W, Hong X, Goerloev JS, Davies A, Barrigón MD, Ogura M, Leppä S, Fennessy M, Liao Q, van der Holt B, Lisby S, Hagenbeek A. Ofatumumab Versus Rituximab Salvage Chemoimmunotherapy in Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: The ORCHARRD Study. J Clin Oncol. 2017 Feb 10;35(5):544-51. Epub 2016 Dec 28. link to original article link to data supplement dosing details in supplement have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT01014208
==Melphalan & TBI==
Melphalan & TBI: Melphalan & Total Body Irradiation
===Regimen===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Gressin et al. 2010 (GOELAMS LM1996)	1996-09 to 2000-12 	Phase 2
Gressin et al. 2010 (GOELAMS LM2001)	2003-09 to 2005-12 	Phase 2
====Chemotherapy====
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once (day not specified)
====Radiotherapy====
*Total body irradiation (TBI), 200 cGy x 4 fractions (800 cGy total; days not specified)
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on unspecified day
One course
===References===
# GOELAMS LM1996: Gressin R, Caulet-Maugendre S, Deconinck E, Tournilhac O, Gyan E, Moles MP, El Yamani A, Cornillon J, Rossi JF, Le Gouill S, Lepeu G, Damaj G, Celigny PS, Maisonneuve H, Corront B, Vilque JP, Casassus P, Lamy T, Colonna M, Colombat P; GOELAMS. Evaluation of the (R)VAD+C regimen for the treatment of newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma: combined results of two prospective phase II trials from the French GOELAMS Group. Haematologica. 2010 Aug;95(8):1350-7. Epub 2010 Mar 10. link to original article link to PMC article contains partial protocol EuroPMC
# GOELAMS LM2001: Gressin R, Caulet-Maugendre S, Deconinck E, Tournilhac O, Gyan E, Moles MP, El Yamani A, Cornillon J, Rossi JF, Le Gouill S, Lepeu G, Damaj G, Celigny PS, Maisonneuve H, Corront B, Vilque JP, Casassus P, Lamy T, Colonna M, Colombat P; GOELAMS. Evaluation of the (R)VAD+C regimen for the treatment of newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma: combined results of two prospective phase II trials from the French GOELAMS Group. Haematologica. 2010 Aug;95(8):1350-7. Epub 2010 Mar 10. link to original article link to PMC article contains partial protocol EuroPMC NCT00285389
==Melphalan monotherapy==
===Regimen variant #1, 140 mg/m2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Barlogie et al. 1986	Not reported 	Non-randomized, fewer than 20 pts
====Chemotherapy====
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 70 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -2 & -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #2, 200 mg/m2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment 	Evidence 	Comparator 	Comparative Efficacy
Bladé et al. 2005 	1994-1999 	Phase 3 (E-esc) 	VBMCP/VBAD 	Did not meet efficacy endpoint
Moreau et al. 2002 (IFM 9502) 	1995-1999 	Phase 3 (E-de-esc) 	Melphalan & TBI, then auto HSCT 	Did not meet primary endpoint of CR rate
Cavo et al. 2007 (Bologna 96) 	1996-2001 	Phase 3 (C) 	Melphalan, then auto HSCT, then Melphalan & Busulfan, then auto HSCT 	Shorter EFS
Mai et al. 2016 (GMMG-HD2) 	1998-2002 	Phase 3 (C) 	Tandem melphalan, then auto HSCT 	Non-inferior EFS
Lokhorst et al. 2009 (HOVON-50) 	2001-2005 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT	 	
Björkstrand et al. 2011 (EBMT-NMAM2000)	2001-2005 	Randomized (C) 	MEL200, then auto HSCT, then RIC allo HSCT 	Seems to have shorter OS
Morgan et al. 2010 (MRC Myeloma IX) 	2003-2007 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT	 	
Sonneveld et al. 2012 (HOVON-65) 	2005-2008 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT	 	
Rosiñol et al. 2012 (GEM05/MENOS65) 	2006-2009 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT	 	
Moreau et al. 2011 (IFM 2007-02) 	2008-03 to 2009-01 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT	 	
Roussel et al. 2014 (IFM 2008) 	2009 	Phase 2 	 	
Mai et al. 2015 (GMMG-MM5) 	2010-2012 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT	 	
Attal et al. 2017 (IFM 2009) 	2010-2012 	Phase 3 (C) 	RVD consolidation 	Longer PFSMedian PFS: 50 vs 36 mo(HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.53-0.80)
Sonneveld et al. 2014 (CARTHADEX) 	2010-2013 	Phase 2 	 	
Stadtmauer et al. 2019 (STAMINA) 	2010-2013 	Phase 3 (C) 	1. Tandem melphalan, then auto HSCT2. MEL200, then auto HSCT, then RVD consolidation	Did not meet primary endpoint of PFS38
Richardson et al. 2022 (DETERMINATION) 	2010-10-01 to 2018-01-30	Phase 3 (C) 	RVD consolidation 	Longer PFS (primary endpoint)Median PFS: 67.5 vs 46.2 mo(HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.52-0.81)
Lok et al. 2014 	2011-2013 	Non-randomized 	 	
Bashir et al. 2019 (MDACC 2010-0071) 	2011-2017 	Phase 3 (C) 	Bu/Mel, then auto HSCT 	Seems to have shorter PFS
Roussel et al. 2022 (IFM 2014-02) 	2015-01-21 to 2016-09-21	Phase 3 (C) 	Bor-HDM, then auto HSCT 	Did not meet composite primary endpoint of sCR/CR rate at day +60
====Chemotherapy====
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 200 mg/m2 IV once on day -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #3===
Study 	Evidence
Skinner et al. 2004	Case series
Eligibility criteria: Biopsy-proven amyloid disease and at least 1 major organ involved, evidence of plasma cell dyscrasia, no heart failure or arrhythmia that cannot be medically managed, cardiac ejection fraction at least 40%, no pleural effusions, supine systolic blood pressure at least 90 mmHg, O2 saturation at least 95% on room air, lung diffusing capacity at least 50% predicted, SWOG performance status less than or equal to 2 unless due to neuropathy.
====Chemotherapy====
*Melphalan (Alkeran) by the following criteria:
**Younger than 65 years, cardiac ejection fraction at least 45%, and at least 2.5 x 106 CD34+ cells/kg collected: 100 mg/m2 IV once per day on days 1 & 2
**65 years or older or cardiac ejection fraction 40 to 44% or with 2 to 2.5 x 106 CD34+ cells/kg collected: 70 mg/m2 IV once per day on days 1 & 2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused 24 to 72 hours after the last dose of melphalan
One course
===References===
# Barlogie B, Hall R, Zander A, Dicke K, Alexanian R. High-dose melphalan with autologous bone marrow transplantation for multiple myeloma. Blood. 1986 May;67(5):1298-301. link to original article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# IFM 9502: Moreau P, Facon T, Attal M, Hulin C, Michallet M, Maloisel F, Sotto JJ, Guilhot F, Marit G, Doyen C, Jaubert J, Fuzibet JG, François S, Benboubker L, Monconduit M, Voillat L, Macro M, Berthou C, Dorvaux V, Pignon B, Rio B, Matthes T, Casassus P, Caillot D, Najman N, Grosbois B, Bataille R, Harousseau JL; Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome. Comparison of 200 mg/m(2) melphalan and 8 Gy total body irradiation plus 140 mg/m(2) melphalan as conditioning regimens for peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: final analysis of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome 9502 randomized trial. Blood. 2002 Feb 1;99(3):731-5. link to original article EuroPMC
# Skinner M, Sanchorawala V, Seldin DC, Dember LM, Falk RH, Berk JL, Anderson JJ, O'Hara C, Finn KT, Libbey CA, Wiesman J, Quillen K, Swan N, Wright DG. High-dose melphalan and autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients with AL amyloidosis: an 8-year study. Ann Intern Med. 2004 Jan 20;140(2):85-93. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Bladé J, Rosiñol L, Sureda A, Ribera JM, Díaz-Mediavilla J, García-Laraña J, Mateos MV, Palomera L, Fernández-Calvo J, Martí JM, Giraldo P, Carbonell F, Callís M, Trujillo J, Gardella S, Moro MJ, Barez A, Soler A, Font L, Fontanillas M, San Miguel J; PETHEMA. High-dose therapy intensification compared with continued standard chemotherapy in multiple myeloma patients responding to the initial chemotherapy: long-term results from a prospective randomized trial from the Spanish cooperative group PETHEMA. Blood. 2005 Dec 1;106(12):3755-9. Epub 2005 Aug 16. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Bologna 96: Cavo M, Tosi P, Zamagni E, Cellini C, Tacchetti P, Patriarca F, Di Raimondo F, Volpe E, Ronconi S, Cangini D, Narni F, Carubelli A, Masini L, Catalano L, Fiacchini M, de Vivo A, Gozzetti A, Lazzaro A, Tura S, Baccarani M. Prospective, randomized study of single compared with double autologous stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: Bologna 96 clinical study. J Clin Oncol. 2007 Jun 10;25(17):2434-41. Epub 2007 May 7. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00378222
# HOVON-50: Lokhorst HM, van der Holt B, Zweegman S, Vellenga E, Croockewit S, van Oers MH, von dem Borne P, Wijermans P, Schaafsma R, de Weerdt O, Wittebol S, Delforge M, Berenschot H, Bos GM, Jie KS, Sinnige H, van Marwijk-Kooy M, Joosten P, Minnema MC, van Ammerlaan R, Sonneveld P; HOVON. A randomized phase 3 study on the effect of thalidomide combined with adriamycin, dexamethasone, and high-dose melphalan, followed by thalidomide maintenance in patients with multiple myeloma. Blood. 2010 Feb 11;115(6):1113-20. Epub 2009 Oct 30. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00028886
## Update: van de Donk NW, van der Holt B, Minnema MC, Vellenga E, Croockewit S, Kersten MJ, von dem Borne PA, Ypma P, Schaafsma R, de Weerdt O, Klein SK, Delforge M, Levin MD, Bos GM, Jie KG, Sinnige H, Coenen JL, de Waal EG, Zweegman S, Sonneveld P, Lokhorst HM. Thalidomide before and after autologous stem cell transplantation in recently diagnosed multiple myeloma (HOVON-50): long-term results from the phase 3, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Haematol. 2018 Oct;5(10):e479-e492. link to original article EuroPMC
# MRC Myeloma IX: Morgan GJ, Davies FE, Gregory WM, Cocks K, Bell SE, Szubert AJ, Navarro-Coy N, Drayson MT, Owen RG, Feyler S, Ashcroft AJ, Ross F, Byrne J, Roddie H, Rudin C, Cook G, Jackson GH, Child JA; National Cancer Research Institute Haematological Oncology Clinical Study Group. First-line treatment with zoledronic acid as compared with clodronic acid in multiple myeloma (MRC Myeloma IX): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2010 Dec 11;376(9757):1989-99. Epub 2010 Dec 3. link to original article link to PMC article EuroPMC ISRCTN68454111
## Update: Morgan GJ, Davies FE, Gregory WM, Russell NH, Bell SE, Szubert AJ, Navarro Coy N, Cook G, Feyler S, Byrne JL, Roddie H, Rudin C, Drayson MT, Owen RG, Ross FM, Jackson GH, Child JA; NCRI Haematological Oncology Study Group. Cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (CTD) as initial therapy for patients with multiple myeloma unsuitable for autologous transplantation. Blood. 2011 Aug 4;118(5):1231-8. Epub 2011 Jun 7. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC
## Update: Morgan GJ, Gregory WM, Davies FE, Bell SE, Szubert AJ, Brown JM, Coy NN, Cook G, Russell NH, Rudin C, Roddie H, Drayson MT, Owen RG, Ross FM, Jackson GH, Child JA; National Cancer Research Institute Haematological Oncology Clinical Studies Group. The role of maintenance thalidomide therapy in multiple myeloma: MRC Myeloma IX results and meta-analysis. Blood. 2012 Jan 5;119(1):7-15. Epub 2011 Oct 20. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
## Update: Morgan GJ, Davies FE, Gregory WM, Bell SE, Szubert AJ, Navarro Coy N, Cook G, Feyler S, Johnson PR, Rudin C, Drayson MT, Owen RG, Ross FM, Russell NH, Jackson GH, Child JA; National Cancer Research Institute Haematological Oncology Clinical Studies Group. Cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone as induction therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients destined for autologous stem-cell transplantation: MRC Myeloma IX randomized trial results. Haematologica. 2012 Mar;97(3):442-50. Epub 2011 Nov 4. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC
## Update: Morgan GJ, Davies FE, Gregory WM, Bell SE, Szubert AJ, Cook G, Drayson MT, Owen RG, Ross FM, Jackson G, Child JA. Long-term follow-up of MRC Myeloma IX trial: Survival outcomes with bisphosphonate and thalidomide treatment. Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Nov 1;19(21):6030-8. Epub 2013 Aug 30. link to original article EuroPMC
# EBMT-NMAM2000: Björkstrand B, Iacobelli S, Hegenbart U, Gruber A, Greinix H, Volin L, Narni F, Musto P, Beksac M, Bosi A, Milone G, Corradini P, Goldschmidt H, de Witte T, Morris C, Niederwieser D, Gahrton G. Tandem autologous/reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic stem-cell transplantation versus autologous transplantation in myeloma: long-term follow-up. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Aug 1;29(22):3016-22. Epub 2011 Jul 5. Erratum in: J Clin Oncol. 2011 Sep 20;29(27):3721. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
## Update: Gahrton G, Iacobelli S, Björkstrand B, Hegenbart U, Gruber A, Greinix H, Volin L, Narni F, Carella AM, Beksac M, Bosi A, Milone G, Corradini P, Schönland S, Friberg K, van Biezen A, Goldschmidt H, de Witte T, Morris C, Niederwieser D, Garderet L, Kröger N; EBMT Chronic Malignancies Working Party Plasma Cell Disorders Subcommittee. Autologous/reduced-intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation vs autologous transplantation in multiple myeloma: long-term results of the EBMT-NMAM2000 study. Blood. 2013 Jun 20;121(25):5055-63. Epub 2013 Mar 12. link to original article EuroPMC
# IFM 2007-02: Moreau P, Avet-Loiseau H, Facon T, Attal M, Tiab M, Hulin C, Doyen C, Garderet L, Randriamalala E, Araujo C, Lepeu G, Marit G, Caillot D, Escoffre M, Lioure B, Benboubker L, Pégourié B, Kolb B, Stoppa AM, Fuzibet JG, Decaux O, Dib M, Berthou C, Chaleteix C, Sebban C, Traullé C, Fontan J, Wetterwald M, Lenain P, Mathiot C, Harousseau JL. Bortezomib plus dexamethasone versus reduced-dose bortezomib, thalidomide plus dexamethasone as induction treatment before autologous stem cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood. 2011 Nov 24;118(22):5752-8. Epub 2011 Aug 17. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00910897
# GEM05/MENOS65: Rosiñol L, Oriol A, Teruel AI, Hernández D, López-Jiménez J, de la Rubia J, Granell M, Besalduch J, Palomera L, González Y, Etxebeste MA, Díaz-Mediavilla J, Hernández MT, de Arriba F, Gutiérrez NC, Martín-Ramos ML, Cibeira MT, Mateos MV, Martínez J, Alegre A, Lahuerta JJ, San Miguel J, Bladé J; PETHEMA; GEM. Superiority of bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (VTD) as induction pretransplantation therapy in multiple myeloma: a randomized phase 3 PETHEMA/GEM study. Blood. 2012 Aug 3;120(8):1589-96. Epub 2012 Jul 12. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00461747
## Update: Rosiñol L, Oriol A, Teruel AI, de la Guía AL, Blanchard M, de la Rubia J, Granell M, Sampol M, Palomera L, González Y, Etxebeste M, Martínez-Martínez R, Hernández MT, de Arriba F, Alegre A, Cibeira M, Mateos M, Martínez-López J, Lahuerta JJ, San Miguel J, Bladé J. Bortezomib and thalidomide maintenance after stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: a PETHEMA/GEM trial. Leukemia. 2017 Sep;31(9):1922-1927. Epub 2017 Jan 23. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# HOVON-65: Sonneveld P, Schmidt-Wolf IG, van der Holt B, El Jarari L, Bertsch U, Salwender H, Zweegman S, Vellenga E, Broyl A, Blau IW, Weisel KC, Wittebol S, Bos GM, Stevens-Kroef M, Scheid C, Pfreundschuh M, Hose D, Jauch A, van der Velde H, Raymakers R, Schaafsma MR, Kersten MJ, van Marwijk-Kooy M, Duehrsen U, Lindemann W, Wijermans PW, Lokhorst HM, Goldschmidt HM. Bortezomib induction and maintenance treatment in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: results of the randomized phase III HOVON-65/ GMMG-HD4 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Aug 20;30(24):2946-55. Epub 2012 Jul 16. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC ISRCTN64455289
## Subgroup analysis: Neben K, Lokhorst HM, Jauch A, Bertsch U, Hielscher T, van der Holt B, Salwender H, Blau IW, Weisel K, Pfreundschuh M, Scheid C, Dührsen U, Lindemann W, Schmidt-Wolf IG, Peter N, Teschendorf C, Martin H, Haenel M, Derigs HG, Raab MS, Ho AD, van de Velde H, Hose D, Sonneveld P, Goldschmidt H. Administration of bortezomib before and after autologous stem cell transplantation improves outcome in multiple myeloma patients with deletion 17p. Blood. 2012 Jan 26;119(4):940-8. Epub 2011 Dec 8. link to original article EuroPMC
## Update: Goldschmidt H, Lokhorst HM, Mai EK, van der Holt B, Blau IW, Zweegman S, Weisel KC, Vellenga E, Pfreundschuh M, Kersten MJ, Scheid C, Croockewit S, Raymakers R, Hose D, Potamianou A, Jauch A, Hillengass J, Stevens-Kroef M, Raab MS, Broijl A, Lindemann HW, Bos GMJ, Brossart P, van Marwijk Kooy M, Ypma P, Duehrsen U, Schaafsma RM, Bertsch U, Hielscher T, Jarari L, Salwender HJ, Sonneveld P. Bortezomib before and after high-dose therapy in myeloma: long-term results from the phase III HOVON-65/GMMG-HD4 trial. Leukemia. 2018 Feb;32(2):383-390. Epub 2017 Jul 4. link to original article EuroPMC
# Lok A, Mocquard J, Bourcier J, Redelsperger L, Bonnet A, Chauvin C, Thomare P, Mahe B, Touzeau C, Moreau P. Subcutaneous bortezomib incorporated into the bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone regimen as part of frontline therapy in the context of autologous stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. Haematologica. 2014 Mar;99(3):e33-4. Epub 2014 Feb 14. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC
# IFM 2008: Roussel M, Lauwers-Cances V, Robillard N, Hulin C, Leleu X, Benboubker L, Marit G, Moreau P, Pegourie B, Caillot D, Fruchart C, Stoppa AM, Gentil C, Wuilleme S, Huynh A, Hebraud B, Corre J, Chretien ML, Facon T, Avet-Loiseau H, Attal M. Front-line transplantation program with lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone combination as induction and consolidation followed by lenalidomide maintenance in patients with multiple myeloma: a phase II study by the Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome. J Clin Oncol. 2014 Sep 1;32(25):2712-7. Epub 2014 Jul 14. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT01206205
# CARTHADEX: Sonneveld P, Asselbergs E, Zweegman S, van der Holt B, Kersten MJ, Vellenga E, van Marwijk-Kooy M, Broyl A, de Weerdt O, Lonergan S, Palumbo A, Lokhorst H. Phase 2 study of carfilzomib, thalidomide and dexamethasone as induction/consolidation therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood. 2015 Jan 15;125(3):449-56. Epub 2014 Nov 14. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC NTR2422
# GMMG-MM5: Mai EK, Bertsch U, Dürig J, Kunz C, Haenel M, Blau IW, Munder M, Jauch A, Schurich B, Hielscher T, Merz M, Huegle-Doerr B, Seckinger A, Hose D, Hillengass J, Raab MS, Neben K, Lindemann HW, Zeis M, Gerecke C, Schmidt-Wolf IG, Weisel K, Scheid C, Salwender H, Goldschmidt H. Phase III trial of bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (VCD) versus bortezomib, doxorubicin and dexamethasone (PAd) in newly diagnosed myeloma. Leukemia. 2015 Aug;29(8):1721-9. Epub 2015 Mar 19. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC EudraCT 2010-019173-16
## Subgroup analysis: Merz M, Salwender H, Haenel M, Mai EK, Bertsch U, Kunz C, Hielscher T, Blau IW, Scheid C, Hose D, Seckinger A, Jauch A, Hillengass J, Raab MS, Schurich B, Munder M, Schmidt-Wolf IG, Gerecke C, Lindemann HW, Zeis M, Weisel K, Duerig J, Goldschmidt H. Subcutaneous versus intravenous bortezomib in two different induction therapies for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: an interim analysis from the prospective GMMG-MM5 trial. Haematologica. 2015 Jul;100(7):964-9. Epub 2015 Apr 3. link to original article link to PMC article EuroPMC
## Update: Goldschmidt H, Mai EK, Dürig J, Scheid C, Weisel KC, Kunz C, Bertsch U, Hielscher T, Merz M, Munder M, Lindemann HW, Hügle-Dörr B, Tichy D, Giesen N, Hose D, Seckinger A, Huhn S, Luntz S, Jauch A, Elmaagacli A, Rabold B, Fuhrmann S, Brossart P, Goerner M, Bernhard H, Hoffmann M, Hillengass J, Raab MS, Blau IW, Hänel M, Salwender HJ; German-speaking Myeloma Multicenter Group (GMMG). Response-adapted lenalidomide maintenance in newly diagnosed myeloma: results from the phase III GMMG-MM5 trial. Leukemia. 2020 Jul;34(7):1853-1865. Epub 2020 Feb 7. link to original article EuroPMC
# GMMG-HD2: Mai EK, Benner A, Bertsch U, Brossart P, Hänel A, Kunzmann V, Naumann R, Neben K, Egerer G, Ho AD, Hillengass J, Raab MS, Neubauer A, Peyn A, Ko YD, Peter N, Scheid C, Goldschmidt H. Single versus tandem high-dose melphalan followed by autologous blood stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma: long-term results from the phase III GMMG-HD2 trial. Br J Haematol. 2016 Jun;173(5):731-41. Epub 2016 Mar 17. link to original article EuroPMC DRKS00008864
# Royer B, Minvielle S, Diouf M, Roussel M, Karlin L, Hulin C, Arnulf B, Macro M, Cailleres S, Brion A, Brechignac S, Belhadj K, Chretien ML, Wetterwald M, Chaleteix C, Tiab M, Leleu X, Frenzel L, Garderet L, Choquet S, Fuzibet JG, Dauriac C, Forneker LM, Benboubker L, Facon T, Moreau P, Avet-Loiseau H, Marolleau JP; IFM. Bortezomib, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone induction followed by stem cell transplantation for primary plasma cell leukemia: a prospective phase II study of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Jun 20;34(18):2125-32. Epub 2016 Apr 25. link to original article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# IFM 2009: Attal M, Lauwers-Cances V, Hulin C, Leleu X, Caillot D, Escoffre M, Arnulf B, Macro M, Belhadj K, Garderet L, Roussel M, Payen C, Mathiot C, Fermand JP, Meuleman N, Rollet S, Maglio ME, Zeytoonjian AA, Weller EA, Munshi N, Anderson KC, Richardson PG, Facon T, Avet-Loiseau H, Harousseau JL, Moreau P; IFM 2009 Study. Lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone with transplantation for myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2017 Apr 6;376(14):1311-1320. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC NCT01191060
# STAMINA: Stadtmauer EA, Pasquini MC, Blackwell B, Hari P, Bashey A, Devine S, Efebera Y, Ganguly S, Gasparetto C, Geller N, Horowitz MM, Koreth J, Knust K, Landau H, Brunstein C, McCarthy P, Nelson C, Qazilbash MH, Shah N, Vesole DH, Vij R, Vogl DT, Giralt S, Somlo G, Krishnan A. Autologous Transplantation, Consolidation, and Maintenance Therapy in Multiple Myeloma: Results of the BMT CTN 0702 Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2019 Mar 1;37(7):589-597. Epub 2019 Jan 17. link to original article link to PMC article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT01109004
# MDACC 2010-0071: Bashir Q, Thall PF, Milton DR, Fox PS, Kawedia JD, Kebriaei P, Shah N, Patel K, Andersson BS, Nieto YL, Valdez BC, Parmar S, Rondon G, Delgado R, Hosing C, Popat UR, Oran B, Ciurea SO, Lin P, Weber DM, Thomas SK, Lee HC, Manasanch EE, Orlowski RZ, Williams LA, Champlin RE, Qazilbash MH. Conditioning with busulfan plus melphalan versus melphalan alone before autologous haemopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Haematol. 2019 May;6(5):e266-e275. Epub 2019 Mar 22. link to original article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC NCT01413178
# EMN02/HOVON-95: Cavo M, Gay F, Beksac M, Pantani L, Petrucci MT, Dimopoulos MA, Dozza L, van der Holt B, Zweegman S, Oliva S, van der Velden VHJ, Zamagni E, Palumbo GA, Patriarca F, Montefusco V, Galli M, Maisnar V, Gamberi B, Hansson M, Belotti A, Pour L, Ypma P, Grasso M, Croockewit A, Ballanti S, Offidani M, Vincelli ID, Zambello R, Liberati AM, Andersen NF, Broijl A, Troia R, Pascarella A, Benevolo G, Levin MD, Bos G, Ludwig H, Aquino S, Morelli AM, Wu KL, Boersma R, Hajek R, Durian M, von dem Borne PA, Caravita di Toritto T, Zander T, Driessen C, Specchia G, Waage A, Gimsing P, Mellqvist UH, van Marwijk Kooy M, Minnema M, Mandigers C, Cafro AM, Palmas A, Carvalho S, Spencer A, Boccadoro M, Sonneveld P. Autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation versus bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone, with or without bortezomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone consolidation therapy, and lenalidomide maintenance for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (EMN02/HO95): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet Haematol. 2020 Jun;7(6):e456-e468. Epub 2020 Apr 30. Erratum in: Lancet Haematol. 2020 Jun;7(6):e443. Erratum in: Lancet Haematol. 2020 Nov;7(11):e785. link to original article EuroPMC NCT01208766
## Update: Sonneveld P, Dimopoulos MA, Beksac M, van der Holt B, Aquino S, Ludwig H, Zweegman S, Zander T, Zamagni E, Wester R, Hajek R, Pantani L, Dozza L, Gay F, Cafro A, De Rosa L, Morelli A, Gregersen H, Gulbrandsen N, Cornelisse P, Troia R, Oliva S, van de Velden V, Wu K, Ypma PF, Bos G, Levin MD, Pour L, Driessen C, Broijl A, Croockewit A, Minnema MC, Waage A, Hveding C, van de Donk NWCJ, Offidani M, Palumbo GA, Spencer A, Boccadoro M, Cavo M. Consolidation and Maintenance in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2021 Nov 10;39(32):3613-3622. Epub 2021 Sep 14. link to original article EuroPMC
#IFM 2014-02: Roussel M, Lauwers-Cances V, Macro M, Leleu X, Royer B, Hulin C, Karlin L, Perrot A, Touzeau C, Chrétien ML, Rigaudeau S, Dib M, Nicolas-Virelizier E, Escoffre-Barbe M, Belhadj K, Mariette C, Stoppa AM, Araujo C, Doyen C, Fontan J, Kolb B, Garderet L, Brechignac S, Malfuson JV, Jaccard A, Lenain P, Borel C, Hebraud B, Benbrahim O, Dorvaux V, Manier S, Augeul-Meunier K, Vekemans MC, Randriamalala E, Chaoui D, Caers J, Chaleteix C, Benboubker L, Vincent L, Glaisner S, Zunic P, Slama B, Eveillard JR, Humbrecht-Kraut C, Morel V, Mineur P, Eisenmann JC, Demarquette H, Richez V, Vignon M, Caillot D, Facon T, Moreau P, Colin AL, Olivier P, Wuilleme S, Avet-Loiseau H, Corre J, Attal M. Bortezomib and high-dose melphalan conditioning regimen in frontline multiple myeloma: an IFM randomized phase 3 study. Blood. 2022 May 5;139(18):2747-2757. link to original article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT02197221
#DETERMINATION: Richardson PG, Jacobus SJ, Weller EA, Hassoun H, Lonial S, Raje NS, Medvedova E, McCarthy PL, Libby EN, Voorhees PM, Orlowski RZ, Anderson LD Jr, Zonder JA, Milner CP, Gasparetto C, Agha ME, Khan AM, Hurd DD, Gowin K, Kamble RT, Jagannath S, Nathwani N, Alsina M, Cornell RF, Hashmi H, Campagnaro EL, Andreescu AC, Gentile T, Liedtke M, Godby KN, Cohen AD, Openshaw TH, Pasquini MC, Giralt SA, Kaufman JL, Yee AJ, Scott E, Torka P, Foley A, Fulciniti M, Hebert K, Samur MK, Masone K, Maglio ME, Zeytoonjian AA, Nadeem O, Schlossman RL, Laubach JP, Paba-Prada C, Ghobrial IM, Perrot A, Moreau P, Avet-Loiseau H, Attal M, Anderson KC, Munshi NC; DETERMINATION Investigators. Triplet Therapy, Transplantation, and Maintenance until Progression in Myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2022 Jul 14;387(2):132-147. Epub 2022 Jun 5. link to original article link to PMC article EuroPMC NCT01208662
==Tandem melphalan==
===Protocol variant #1, MEL100 x 2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence	Efficacy
Palumbo et al. 2010	2005-2007 	Phase 2 	VGPR or better: 82%
====Chemotherapy====
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 100 mg/m2 IV once (day not specified)
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on unspecified day
Two courses
===Protocol variant #2, MEL140, then MEL200===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Attal et al. 2006 (IFM 99-02)	2000-2003 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT
====Chemotherapy====
*Melphalan (Alkeran) as follows:
**First transplant: 140 mg/m2 IV once (day not specified)
**Second transplant: 200 mg/m2 IV once (day not specified)
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on unspecified day
Two courses
===Protocol variant #3, MEL200 x 2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator 	Comparative Efficacy
Mai et al. 2016 (GMMG-HD2) 	1998-2002 	Phase 3 (E-esc) 	Melphalan, then auto HSCT 	Non-inferior EFS24 (primary endpoint)
Lokhorst et al. 2009 (HOVON-50) 	2001-2005 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT	 	
Palumbo et al. 2009 (GIS MM2001) 	2001-2006 	Phase 3 (C) 	MEL100, then auto HSCT x 2 	Longer PFS
Krishnan et al. 2011 (BMT CTN 0102)	2003-2007 	Phase 3 (C) 	MEL200, then auto HSCT, then RIC allo HSCT	Did not meet primary endpoint of PFS36
Sonneveld et al. 2012 (GMMG-HD4) 	2005-2008 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT	 	
Palumbo et al. 2014 (MPRvsMEL200) 	2007-2009 	Phase 3 (E-esc) 	MPR consolidation 	Longer PFS (primary endpoint)Median PFS: 43 vs 22.4 mo(HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.32-0.61)Longer OS (secondary endpoint)OS48: 81.6% vs 65.3%(HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.32-0.93)
Gay et al. 2015 (EMN-441) 	2009-2011 	Phase 3 (C) 	CRd consolidation 	Longer PFS (primary endpoint)Median PFS: 43.3 vs 28.6 mo(HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.25-0.625)
====Chemotherapy====
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 200 mg/m2 IV once on day -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
Two courses
===Protocol variant #4, MEL200 x 2 (split doses)===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator 	Comparative Efficacy
Barlogie et al. 1997 (Total Therapy 1)	1990-1994 	Non-randomized 	 	CR rate: 40%
Bruno et al. 2007 	1998-2004 	Pseudo-Mendelian randomization1	MEL-auto HSCT x 1, then TBI, then allo HSCT	Shorter OS
1Randomization was based on the availability of an HLA-identical sibling.
Note: reported efficacy for Total Therapy 1 is based on the 1999 update. Bruno et al. 2007 does not contain treatment details.
====Chemotherapy====
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 100 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -3 & -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
Two courses
===References===
# Total Therapy 1: Barlogie B, Jagannath S, Vesole DH, Naucke S, Cheson B, Mattox S, Bracy D, Salmon S, Jacobson J, Crowley J, Tricot G. Superiority of tandem autologous transplantation over standard therapy for previously untreated multiple myeloma. Blood. 1997 Feb 1;89(3):789-93. link to original article EuroPMC
## Update: Barlogie B, Jagannath S, Desikan KR, Mattox S, Vesole D, Siegel D, Tricot G, Munshi N, Fassas A, Singhal S, Mehta J, Anaissie E, Dhodapkar D, Naucke S, Cromer J, Sawyer J, Epstein J, Spoon D, Ayers D, Cheson B, Crowley J. Total therapy with tandem transplants for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood. 1999 Jan 1;93(1):55-65. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
## Pooled update: Barlogie B, Attal M, Crowley J, van Rhee F, Szymonifka J, Moreau P, Durie BG, Harousseau JL. Long-term follow-up of autotransplantation trials for multiple myeloma: update of protocols conducted by the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome, Southwest Oncology Group, and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Mar 1;28(7):1209-14. Epub 2010 Jan 19. Erratum in: J Clin Oncol. 2010 Jul 20;28(21):3543. link to original article link to PMC article EuroPMC
# IFM 99-02: Attal M, Harousseau JL, Leyvraz S, Doyen C, Hulin C, Benboubker L, Yakoub Agha I, Bourhis JH, Garderet L, Pegourie B, Dumontet C, Renaud M, Voillat L, Berthou C, Marit G, Monconduit M, Caillot D, Grobois B, Avet-Loiseau H, Moreau P, Facon T; IFM. Maintenance therapy with thalidomide improves survival in patients with multiple myeloma. Blood. 2006 Nov 15;108(10):3289-94. Epub 2006 Jul 27. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00222053
## Pooled update: Barlogie B, Attal M, Crowley J, van Rhee F, Szymonifka J, Moreau P, Durie BG, Harousseau JL. Long-term follow-up of autotransplantation trials for multiple myeloma: update of protocols conducted by the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome, Southwest Oncology Group, and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Mar 1;28(7):1209-14. Epub 2010 Jan 19. Erratum in: J Clin Oncol. 2010 Jul 20;28(21):3543. link to original article link to PMC article EuroPMC
# Bruno B, Rotta M, Patriarca F, Mordini N, Allione B, Carnevale-Schianca F, Giaccone L, Sorasio R, Omedè P, Baldi I, Bringhen S, Massaia M, Aglietta M, Levis A, Gallamini A, Fanin R, Palumbo A, Storb R, Ciccone G, Boccadoro M. A comparison of allografting with autografting for newly diagnosed myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2007 Mar 15;356(11):1110-20. link to original article does not contain dosing details EuroPMC NCT00415987
# HOVON-50: Lokhorst HM, van der Holt B, Zweegman S, Vellenga E, Croockewit S, van Oers MH, von dem Borne P, Wijermans P, Schaafsma R, de Weerdt O, Wittebol S, Delforge M, Berenschot H, Bos GM, Jie KS, Sinnige H, van Marwijk-Kooy M, Joosten P, Minnema MC, van Ammerlaan R, Sonneveld P; Dutch-Belgian Hemato-Oncology Group. A randomized phase 3 study on the effect of thalidomide combined with adriamycin, dexamethasone, and high-dose melphalan, followed by thalidomide maintenance in patients with multiple myeloma. Blood. 2010 Feb 11;115(6):1113-20. Epub 2009 Oct 30. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00028886
## Update: van de Donk NW, van der Holt B, Minnema MC, Vellenga E, Croockewit S, Kersten MJ, von dem Borne PA, Ypma P, Schaafsma R, de Weerdt O, Klein SK, Delforge M, Levin MD, Bos GM, Jie KG, Sinnige H, Coenen JL, de Waal EG, Zweegman S, Sonneveld P, Lokhorst HM. Thalidomide before and after autologous stem cell transplantation in recently diagnosed multiple myeloma (HOVON-50): long-term results from the phase 3, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Haematol. 2018 Oct;5(10):e479-e492. link to original article EuroPMC
# GIS MM2001: Palumbo A, Bringhen S, Bruno B, Falcone AP, Liberati AM, Grasso M, Ria R, Pisani F, Cangialosi C, Caravita T, Levi A, Meloni G, Nozza A, Pregno P, Gabbas A, Callea V, Rizzo M, Annino L, De Stefano V, Musto P, Baldi I, Cavallo F, Petrucci MT, Massaia M, Boccadoro M. Melphalan 200 mg/m(2) versus melphalan 100 mg/m(2) in newly diagnosed myeloma patients: a prospective, multicenter phase 3 study. Blood. 2010 Mar 11;115(10):1873-9. Epub 2009 Dec 1. Erratum in: Blood. 2010 Sep 23;116(12):2195. link to original article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00950768
# Palumbo A, Gay F, Falco P, Crippa C, Montefusco V, Patriarca F, Rossini F, Caltagirone S, Benevolo G, Pescosta N, Guglielmelli T, Bringhen S, Offidani M, Giuliani N, Petrucci MT, Musto P, Liberati AM, Rossi G, Corradini P, Boccadoro M. Bortezomib as induction before autologous transplantation, followed by lenalidomide as consolidation-maintenance in untreated multiple myeloma patients. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Feb 10;28(5):800-7. Epub 2010 Jan 4. Erratum in: J Clin Oncol. 2010 May 1;28(13):2314. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC EudraCT 2005-004714-32
## Update: Gay F, Magarotto V, Crippa C, Pescosta N, Guglielmelli T, Cavallo F, Pezzatti S, Ferrari S, Liberati AM, Oliva S, Patriarca F, Offidani M, Omedé P, Montefusco V, Petrucci MT, Giuliani N, Passera R, Pietrantuono G, Boccadoro M, Corradini P, Palumbo A. Bortezomib induction, reduced-intensity transplantation, and lenalidomide consolidation-maintenance for myeloma: updated results. Blood. 2013 Aug 22;122(8):1376-83. Epub 2013 Jun 17. link to original article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# GIMEMA MM-BO2005: Cavo M, Tacchetti P, Patriarca F, Petrucci MT, Pantani L, Galli M, Di Raimondo F, Crippa C, Zamagni E, Palumbo A, Offidani M, Corradini P, Narni F, Spadano A, Pescosta N, Deliliers GL, Ledda A, Cellini C, Caravita T, Tosi P, Baccarani M; GIMEMA. Bortezomib with thalidomide plus dexamethasone compared with thalidomide plus dexamethasone as induction therapy before, and consolidation therapy after, double autologous stem-cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a randomised phase 3 study. Lancet. 2010 Dec 18;376(9758):2075-85. Epub 2010 Dec 9. Erratum in: Lancet. 2011 Nov 26;378(9806):1846. link to original article EuroPMC NCT01134484
## Update: Cavo M, Pantani L, Petrucci MT, Patriarca F, Zamagni E, Donnarumma D, Crippa C, Boccadoro M, Perrone G, Falcone A, Nozzoli C, Zambello R, Masini L, Furlan A, Brioli A, Derudas D, Ballanti S, Dessanti ML, De Stefano V, Carella AM, Marcatti M, Nozza A, Ferrara F, Callea V, Califano C, Pezzi A, Baraldi A, Grasso M, Musto P, Palumbo A; GIMEMA. Bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone is superior to thalidomide-dexamethasone as consolidation therapy after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood. 2012 Jul 5;120(1):9-19. Epub 2012 Apr 12. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# BMT CTN 0102: Krishnan A, Pasquini MC, Logan B, Stadtmauer EA, Vesole DH, Alyea E 3rd, Antin JH, Comenzo R, Goodman S, Hari P, Laport G, Qazilbash MH, Rowley S, Sahebi F, Somlo G, Vogl DT, Weisdorf D, Ewell M, Wu J, Geller NL, Horowitz MM, Giralt S, Maloney DG; BMT CTN. Autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation followed by allogeneic or autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma (BMT CTN 0102): a phase 3 biological assignment trial. Lancet Oncol. 2011 Dec;12(13):1195-203. Epub 2011 Sep 29. link to original article link to PMC article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00075829
# GMMG-HD4: Sonneveld P, Schmidt-Wolf IG, van der Holt B, El Jarari L, Bertsch U, Salwender H, Zweegman S, Vellenga E, Broyl A, Blau IW, Weisel KC, Wittebol S, Bos GM, Stevens-Kroef M, Scheid C, Pfreundschuh M, Hose D, Jauch A, van der Velde H, Raymakers R, Schaafsma MR, Kersten MJ, van Marwijk-Kooy M, Duehrsen U, Lindemann W, Wijermans PW, Lokhorst HM, Goldschmidt HM. Bortezomib induction and maintenance treatment in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: results of the randomized phase III HOVON-65/ GMMG-HD4 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Aug 20;30(24):2946-55. Epub 2012 Jul 16. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC ISRCTN64455289
## Subgroup analysis: Neben K, Lokhorst HM, Jauch A, Bertsch U, Hielscher T, van der Holt B, Salwender H, Blau IW, Weisel K, Pfreundschuh M, Scheid C, Dührsen U, Lindemann W, Schmidt-Wolf IG, Peter N, Teschendorf C, Martin H, Haenel M, Derigs HG, Raab MS, Ho AD, van de Velde H, Hose D, Sonneveld P, Goldschmidt H. Administration of bortezomib before and after autologous stem cell transplantation improves outcome in multiple myeloma patients with deletion 17p. Blood. 2012 Jan 26;119(4):940-8. Epub 2011 Dec 8. link to original article EuroPMC
## Update: Goldschmidt H, Lokhorst HM, Mai EK, van der Holt B, Blau IW, Zweegman S, Weisel KC, Vellenga E, Pfreundschuh M, Kersten MJ, Scheid C, Croockewit S, Raymakers R, Hose D, Potamianou A, Jauch A, Hillengass J, Stevens-Kroef M, Raab MS, Broijl A, Lindemann HW, Bos GMJ, Brossart P, van Marwijk Kooy M, Ypma P, Duehrsen U, Schaafsma RM, Bertsch U, Hielscher T, Jarari L, Salwender HJ, Sonneveld P. Bortezomib before and after high-dose therapy in myeloma: long-term results from the phase III HOVON-65/GMMG-HD4 trial. Leukemia. 2018 Feb;32(2):383-390. Epub 2017 Jul 4. link to original article EuroPMC
# Meta-analysis: Armeson KE, Hill EG, Costa LJ. Tandem autologous vs autologous plus reduced intensity allogeneic transplantation in the upfront management of multiple myeloma: meta-analysis of trials with biological assignment. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2013 Apr;48(4):562-7. Epub 2012 Sep 10. Review. link to original article link to PMC article EuroPMC
# MPRvsMEL200: Palumbo A, Cavallo F, Gay F, Di Raimondo F, Ben Yehuda D, Petrucci MT, Pezzatti S, Caravita T, Cerrato C, Ribakovsky E, Genuardi M, Cafro A, Marcatti M, Catalano L, Offidani M, Carella AM, Zamagni E, Patriarca F, Musto P, Evangelista A, Ciccone G, Omedé P, Crippa C, Corradini P, Nagler A, Boccadoro M, Cavo M. Autologous transplantation and maintenance therapy in multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2014 Sep 4;371(10):895-905. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00551928
# EMN-441: Gay F, Oliva S, Petrucci MT, Conticello C, Catalano L, Corradini P, Siniscalchi A, Magarotto V, Pour L, Carella A, Malfitano A, Petrò D, Evangelista A, Spada S, Pescosta N, Omedè P, Campbell P, Liberati AM, Offidani M, Ria R, Pulini S, Patriarca F, Hajek R, Spencer A, Boccadoro M, Palumbo A. Chemotherapy plus lenalidomide versus autologous transplantation, followed by lenalidomide plus prednisone versus lenalidomide maintenance, in patients with multiple myeloma: a randomised, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2015 Dec;16(16):1617-29. Epub 2015 Nov 17. link to original article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT01091831
# GMMG-HD2: Mai EK, Benner A, Bertsch U, Brossart P, Hänel A, Kunzmann V, Naumann R, Neben K, Egerer G, Ho AD, Hillengass J, Raab MS, Neubauer A, Peyn A, Ko YD, Peter N, Scheid C, Goldschmidt H. Single versus tandem high-dose melphalan followed by autologous blood stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma: long-term results from the phase III GMMG-HD2 trial. Br J Haematol. 2016 Jun;173(5):731-41. Epub 2016 Mar 17. link to original article EuroPMC DRKS00008864
# EMN02/HOVON-95: Cavo M, Gay F, Beksac M, Pantani L, Petrucci MT, Dimopoulos MA, Dozza L, van der Holt B, Zweegman S, Oliva S, van der Velden VHJ, Zamagni E, Palumbo GA, Patriarca F, Montefusco V, Galli M, Maisnar V, Gamberi B, Hansson M, Belotti A, Pour L, Ypma P, Grasso M, Croockewit A, Ballanti S, Offidani M, Vincelli ID, Zambello R, Liberati AM, Andersen NF, Broijl A, Troia R, Pascarella A, Benevolo G, Levin MD, Bos G, Ludwig H, Aquino S, Morelli AM, Wu KL, Boersma R, Hajek R, Durian M, von dem Borne PA, Caravita di Toritto T, Zander T, Driessen C, Specchia G, Waage A, Gimsing P, Mellqvist UH, van Marwijk Kooy M, Minnema M, Mandigers C, Cafro AM, Palmas A, Carvalho S, Spencer A, Boccadoro M, Sonneveld P. Autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation versus bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone, with or without bortezomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone consolidation therapy, and lenalidomide maintenance for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (EMN02/HO95): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet Haematol. 2020 Jun;7(6):e456-e468. Epub 2020 Apr 30. Erratum in: Lancet Haematol. 2020 Jun;7(6):e443. Erratum in: Lancet Haematol. 2020 Nov;7(11):e785. link to original article EuroPMC NCT01208766
## Update: Sonneveld P, Dimopoulos MA, Beksac M, van der Holt B, Aquino S, Ludwig H, Zweegman S, Zander T, Zamagni E, Wester R, Hajek R, Pantani L, Dozza L, Gay F, Cafro A, De Rosa L, Morelli A, Gregersen H, Gulbrandsen N, Cornelisse P, Troia R, Oliva S, van de Velden V, Wu K, Ypma PF, Bos G, Levin MD, Pour L, Driessen C, Broijl A, Croockewit A, Minnema MC, Waage A, Hveding C, van de Donk NWCJ, Offidani M, Palumbo GA, Spencer A, Boccadoro M, Cavo M. Consolidation and Maintenance in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2021 Nov 10;39(32):3613-3622. Epub 2021 Sep 14. link to original article EuroPMC
#DSMM V: NCT00546988
==R-BEAM==
R-BEAM: Rituximab, BiCNU (Carmustine), Etoposide, Ara-C (Cytarabine), Melphalan
===Regimen variant #1, 500/300/1600/1600/140===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Le Gouill et al. 2017 (LyMa)	2008-2012 	Non-randomized part of phase 3 RCT
A minimum number of 2 x 106/kg bw CD34-positive cells were required to proceed.
====Targeted therapy====
*Rituximab (Rituxan) 500 mg/m2 IV once on day -8
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -7
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 400 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -6 to -3 
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 400 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -6 to -3
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #2, 750/300/800/800/140===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
Vose et al. 2013 (BMT CTN 0401)	2006-2009 	Phase 3 (C)	B-BEAM 	Did not meet primary endpoint of PFS24
====Targeted therapy====
*Rituximab (Rituxan) 375 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -19 & -12
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -6
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV twice per day on days -5 to -2 
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 100 mg/m2 IV twice per day on days -5 to -2
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===Regimen variant #3, 750/300/1600/3200/140===
Study 	Evidence
Kirschey et al. 2014 (Mz-135)	Phase 2
A minimum number of 2 x 106/kg bw CD34-positive cells were required to proceed.
====Targeted therapy====
*Rituximab (Rituxan) 375 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -8 & -2
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -7
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 200 mg/m2 IV twice per day on days -6 to -3 
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 400 mg/m2 IV twice per day on days -6 to -3
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# BMT CTN 0401: Vose JM, Carter S, Burns LJ, Ayala E, Press OW, Moskowitz CH, Stadtmauer EA, Mineshi S, Ambinder R, Fenske T, Horowitz M, Fisher R, Tomblyn M. Phase III randomized study of rituximab/carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM) compared with iodine-131 tositumomab/BEAM with autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: results from the BMT CTN 0401 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2013 May 1;31(13):1662-8. Epub 2013 Mar 11. link to original article link to PMC article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00329030
# Mz-135: Kirschey S, Flohr T, Wolf HH, Frickhofen N, Gramatzki M, Link H, Basara N, Peter N, Meyer RG, Schmitz N, Weidmann E, Banat A, Schulz A, Kolbe K, Derigs G, Theobald M, Hess G. Rituximab combined with DexaBEAM followed by high dose therapy as salvage therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphoma: mature results of a phase II multicentre study. Br J Haematol. 2015 Mar;168(6):824-34. Epub 2014 Dec 28. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT02099292
# LyMa: Le Gouill S, Thieblemont C, Oberic L, Moreau A, Bouabdallah K, Dartigeas C, Damaj G, Gastinne T, Ribrag V, Feugier P, Casasnovas O, Zerazhi H, Haioun C, Maisonneuve H, Houot R, Jardin F, Van Den Neste E, Tournilhac O, Le Dû K, Morschhauser F, Cartron G, Fornecker LM, Canioni D, Callanan M, Béné MC, Salles G, Tilly H, Lamy T, Gressin R, Hermine O; LYSA. Rituximab after autologous stem-cell transplantation in mantle-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2017 Sep 28;377(13):1250-1260. link to original article link to protocol dosing details in supplement have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00921414
==R-TBI/Cy==
R-TBI/Cy: Rituximab, Total, Body, Irradiation, Cyclophosphamide
===Regimen===
Study 	Evidence
Kirschey et al. 2014 (Mz-135)	Phase 2
A minimum number of 2 x 106/kg bw CD34-positive cells were required to proceed.
====Targeted therapy====
*Rituximab (Rituxan) 375 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -8 & -2
====Chemotherapy====
*Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 60 mg/kg IV once per day on days -3 & -2
====Radiotherapy====
*Total body irradiation (TBI) with a total dose of 1200 cGy over 3 days (days -6 to -4) in fractions
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# Mz-135: Kirschey S, Flohr T, Wolf HH, Frickhofen N, Gramatzki M, Link H, Basara N, Peter N, Meyer RG, Schmitz N, Weidmann E, Banat A, Schulz A, Kolbe K, Derigs G, Theobald M, Hess G. Rituximab combined with DexaBEAM followed by high dose therapy as salvage therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphoma: mature results of a phase II multicentre study. Br J Haematol. 2015 Mar;168(6):824-34. Epub 2014 Dec 28. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT02099292
==TAM6==
TAM: Total-body irradiation, Ara-C (Cytarabine), Melphalan
===Regimen===
Study 	Evidence
Delarue et al. 2012	Phase 2
====Radiotherapy====
*Total body irradiation (TBI) with a total dose of 1000 cGy over 3 days using twice per day fractions
====Chemotherapy====
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 1500 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours for 2 days (total dose: 6000 mg/m2)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on unspecified day
*"Antimicrobial prophylaxis and use of G-CSF or erythropoietin were permitted according to physician decision."
One course
===References===
# Delarue R, Haioun C, Ribrag V, Brice P, Delmer A, Tilly H, Salles G, Van Hoof A, Casasnovas O, Brousse N, Lefrere F, Hermine O; Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte. CHOP and DHAP plus rituximab followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in mantle cell lymphoma: a phase 2 study from the Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte. Blood. 2013 Jan 3;121(1):48-53. Epub 2012 Jun 20. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
==TBI==
TBI: Total Body Irradiation
===Regimen===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
McGovern et al. 1959 	1957-1958 	Pilot 	 	
Stiff et al. 2013 (SWOG S9704)	1999-2007 	Phase 3 (E-esc)	R-CHOP x 8	Higher PFS24 (co-primary endpoint)PFS24: 69% vs 55%(HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.40-0.85)Did not meet co-primary endpoint of OS24OS24: 74% vs 71%(HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.82-1.94)
====Radiotherapy====
*Total body irradiation (TBI) in 150 cGy fractions twice per day on days -8 through -5 (total dose: 1200 cGy)
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# McGovern JJ Jr, Russell PS, Atkins L, Webster EW. Treatment of terminal leukemic relapse by total-body irradiation and intravenous infusion of stored autologous bone marrow obtained during remission. N Engl J Med. 1959 Apr 2;260(14):675-83. link to original article EuroPMC
# SWOG S9704: Stiff PJ, Unger JM, Cook JR, Constine LS, Couban S, Stewart DA, Shea TC, Porcu P, Winter JN, Kahl BS, Miller TP, Tubbs RR, Marcellus D, Friedberg JW, Barton KP, Mills GM, LeBlanc M, Rimsza LM, Forman SJ, Fisher RI. Autologous transplantation as consolidation for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2013 Oct 31;369(18):1681-90. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC NCT00004031
==TEAM==
TEAM: Thiotepa, Etoposide, Ara-C (Cytarabine), Melphalan
===Regimen===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
Ladetto et al. 2023 (FIL FLAZ12)	2012-08 to 2019-09 	Phase 3 (C)	Zevalin 	Did not meet primary endpoint of PFS
====Chemotherapy====
*Thiotepa (Thioplex) 5 mg/kg IV every 12 hours on day -7 (total dose: 10 mg/kg)
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -3 
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -3
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
*Filgrastim (Neupogen) 5 mcg/kg SC once per day, starting on day +2, continued until ANC greater than 1500/μL
One course
===References===
#FIL FLAZ12: Ladetto M, Tavarozzi R, Zanni M, Evangelista A, Ferrero S, Tucci A, Botto B, Bolis S, Volpetti S, Zilioli VR, Puccini B, Arcari A, Pavone V, Gaidano G, Corradini P, Tani M, Cavallo F, Milone G, Ghiggi C, Pinto A, Pastore D, Ferreri AJM, Latte G, Patti C, Re F, Benedetti F, Luminari S, Pennese E, Bossi E, Boccomini C, Anastasia A, Bottelli C, Ciccone G, Vitolo U. Radioimmunotherapy versus autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma: a Fondazione Italiana Linfomi multicenter, randomized, phase III trial. Ann Oncol. 2024 Jan;35(1):118-129. Epub 2023 Nov 3. link to original article dosing details in supplement have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT01827605
==V-BEAM==
V-BEAM: Velcade (Bortezomib), BiCNU (Carmustine), Etoposide, Ara-C (Cytarabine), Melphalan
===Regimen===
Study 	Dates of enrollment 	Evidence
William et al. 2014	Not reported to 2009-08-14	Phase 1/2
Note: the bortezomib dose is the modified MTD used in the phase 2 portion of the trial.
====Targeted therapy====
*Bortezomib (Velcade) 1 mg/m2 (route not specified) once per day on days -11, -8, -5, -2
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -5
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV twice per day on days -5 to -2 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 100 mg/m2 IV twice per day on days -5 to -2 (total dose: 800 mg/m2)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
One course
===References===
# William BM, Allen MS, Loberiza FR Jr, Bociek RG, Bierman PJ, Armitage JO, Vose JM. Phase I/II study of bortezomib-BEAM and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for relapsed indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma, transformed, or mantle cell lymphoma. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2014 Apr;20(4):536-42. Epub 2014 Jan 14. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
==Z-BEAM==
Z-BEAM: Zevalin (Ibritumomab tiuxetan), BiCNU (Carmustine), Etoposide, Ara-C (Cytarabine), Melphalan
===Regimen variant #1===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence 	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
Shimoni et al. 2007 	2004-2006 	Phase 2 	 	
Shimoni et al. 2012 (SHEBA-07-4466-AN-CTIL)	Not reported 	Randomized Phase 2 (E-esc)	BEAM 	Seems to have longer OS (secondary endpoint)
Briones et al. 2013 (GELTAMO Z-BEAM LDCGB) 	2008-2010 	Phase 2 	 	
====Targeted therapy====
*Rituximab (Rituxan) 250 mg/m2 IV once on day -14, given first
====Radioconjugate therapy====
*Ibritumomab tiuxetan & Yttrium-90 (Zevalin) 0.4 mCi/kg (maximum dose of 32 mCi) IV once on day -14, given second
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -6
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 200 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -5 to -2 
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 200 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours on days -5 to -2
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -1
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
*Filgrastim (Neupogen) 5 mcg/kg SC once per day, starting on day +4 (Shimoni et al. 2012) or day +7 (GELTAMO Z-BEAM LDCGB) until engraftment
*Valacyclovir (Valtrex) (dose not specified) for one month (Shimoni et al. 2012)
*Acyclovir (Zovirax) (dose not specified) for one month (Briones et al. 2013)
*Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim DS) (dose/frequency not specified) for six months (3 months in GELTAMO Z-BEAM LDCGB)
One course
===Regimen variant #2===
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Fruchart et al. 2014 (ZBEAM2)	2007-2008 	Phase 2
====Targeted therapy====
*Rituximab (Rituxan) 250 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -21 & -14, given first on day -14
====Radioconjugate therapy====
*Ibritumomab tiuxetan & Yttrium-90 (Zevalin) by the following laboratory-based criteria:
**Platelet count 150 x 109/L or more: 0.4 mCi/kg (maximum dose of 32 mCi) IV once on day -14, given second
**Platelet count 100 up to 150 x 109/L: 0.3 mCi/kg (maximum dose of 32 mCi) IV once on day -14, given second
====Chemotherapy====
*Carmustine (BCNU) 300 mg/m2 IV once on day -7
*Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV once per day on days -6 to -3 
*Cytarabine (Ara-C) 200 mg/m2 IV every 12 hours on days -6 to -3
*Melphalan (Alkeran) 140 mg/m2 IV once on day -2
====Supportive therapy====
*Autologous stem cells re-infused on day 0
*"According to standard use"
One course
===References===
# Shimoni A, Zwas ST, Oksman Y, Hardan I, Shem-Tov N, Yerushalmi R, Avigdor A, Ben-Bassat I, Nagler A. Yttrium-90-ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin) combined with high-dose BEAM chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation for chemo-refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Exp Hematol. 2007 Apr;35(4):534-40. link to original article EuroPMC
# SHEBA-07-4466-AN-CTIL: Shimoni A, Avivi I, Rowe JM, Yeshurun M, Levi I, Or R, Patachenko P, Avigdor A, Zwas T, Nagler A. A randomized study comparing yttrium-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin) and high-dose BEAM chemotherapy versus BEAM alone as the conditioning regimen before autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with aggressive lymphoma. Cancer. 2012 Oct 1;118(19):4706-14. Epub 2012 Jan 17. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00491491
# GELTAMO Z-BEAM LDCGB: Briones J, Novelli S, García-Marco JA, Tomás JF, Bernal T, Grande C, Canales MA, Torres A, Moraleda JM, Panizo C, Jarque I, Palmero F, Hernández M, González-Barca E, López D, Caballero D. Autologous stem cell transplantation after conditioning with Yttrium-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan plus beam in refractory non-Hodgkin diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: results of a prospective, multicenter, phase II clinical trial. Haematologica. 2014 Mar;99(3):505-10. Epub 2013 Oct 25. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC EudraCT 2007-003198-22
# ZBEAM2: Fruchart C, Tilly H, Morschhauser F, Ghesquières H, Bouteloup M, Fermé C, Van Den Neste E, Bordessoule D, Bouabdallah R, Delmer A, Casasnovas RO, Ysebaert L, Ciappuccini R, Briere J, Gisselbrecht C. Upfront consolidation combining yttrium-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan and high-dose therapy with stem cell transplantation in poor-risk patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2014 Dec;20(12):1905-11. Epub 2014 Jul 26. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC NCT00689169
Category:Autologous HSCT regimens
Category:Site-agnostic regimens