nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Lubna Khalid Al Qasimi

Sheikha Lubna Khalid Al Qasimi is the Minister for Economy and Planning of the United Arab Emirates, a position she has held since 2004. She holds the distinction of being the first woman to hold a ministerial position in the United Arab Emirates. She also serves as the chairperson of the Emirates Securities and Commodities Authority.
== Background ==
Prior to joining the Cabinet, Sheikha Lubna served as the chief executive officer of Tejari, the first Middle Eastern electronic business-to-business marketplace. Before Tejari, she was senior manager of the Information Systems department at the Dubai Ports Authority, a position she held for more than seven years. She also served as the Dubai branch manager for the General Information Authority, the organization responsible for automating the federal government of the United Arab Emirates.
== Education ==
Sheikha Lubna holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Computer Science from California State University, Chico and an executive MBA from the American University of Sharjah.
== References ==
Category:Regulators
Luc Bertrand

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Luc Bertrand is a prominent Canadian business executive and financial industry leader, best known for his role as the Chairman of TMX Group Limited, the parent company of the Toronto Stock Exchange and other Canadian financial market infrastructure entities.
== Career ==
=== TMX Group Limited ===
Luc Bertrand has been serving as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of TMX Group Limited since May 2023. In this role, he oversees the strategic direction and governance of Canada's leading financial markets company.
=== Previous Positions ===
Prior to his current role at TMX Group, Bertrand held several significant positions in the Canadian financial sector:
* Vice-Chairman of National Bank of Canada (2016-2023)
* President and CEO of Montreal Exchange (2000-2009)
* Deputy CEO of TMX Group Inc. (2008-2009)
* Deputy CEO of TSX Group Inc. (2008)
During his tenure at the Montreal Exchange, Bertrand played a crucial role in its transformation and eventual merger with the Toronto Stock Exchange, which led to the creation of TMX Group.
Bertrand served as the spokesman for Maple Group Acquisition Corporation, the group that took over TMX Group. 
He served as vice chairman of the Montreal Exchange board from 1996 to 1997 and as chairman from 1998 to 2000. He also served as chairman of the board of directors of the Montreal Climate Exchange (MCeX), the Canadian Derivatives Clearing Corporation (CDCC), Boston Options Exchange (BOX), the International Financial Centre of Montreal, Market Regulation Services Inc. and the Securities Industry Advisory Council. 
Bertrand also served on the Executive Committee of BOX. From 1996 to 2002, he was a governor of the Canadian Investor Protection Fund, serving as vice chairman from 1998 to 1999. He also was a governor of the Canadian Securities Institute.
==Interviews==
*TMX Presents: The Pocast - Episode 028: TMX Group’s New Chair of the Board Luc Bertrand
== References ==	
Category:Exchange CEOs
Luc Fortin

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Luc Fortin is the president and CEO of the Montreal Exchange. He has held the post since August 2016.
== Background ==
Fortin held senior leadership positions at TD Bank and TD Securities in the past, and has over 25 years of capital markets experience. He specializes in leading client-facing teams in fixed income and derivatives. Before moving to the Montreal Exchange, he worked as the managing director and Canadian head of the Institutional Client Group at HSBC Bank Canada. In May 2016, he became the managing director for derivatives trading at the Montreal Exchange, before taking over as interim CEO after Alain Miquelon stepped down in August of the same year.
== Education ==
Fortin received a bachelor's degree in finance from the University of Ottawa.
==John Lothian Interviews==
Thinking Global - Luc Fortin, Montréal Exchange
In this video from JLN's Industry Leader Series, Montréal Exchange president and CEO Luc Fortin talks about the exchange’s extended hours, potentially partnering with a firm in Asia to spread the word, and the relaunch of a key interest rate derivative.
Montréal Exchange’s CEO Focused on Structural Adjustments
“The world is looking to trade more and more Canada and the fact that we’re only open during our own time zone is a bit prohibitive for some of the international clients.”
Last year, Montréal Exchange launched single stock futures and it turned out to be its best product launch in a decade based on rapidly growing open interest. The exchange also revamped its 5-year bond contract in order to make sure all points on the curve are accessible. With those changes in place, 2017’s goals center around structural change.
== References ==
Lucas Schmeddes

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Lucas Schmeddes is president of Intercontinental Exchange Group Inc.'s ICE Futures Singapore and ICE Clear Singapore. He was previously COO of ICE Endex, ICE's Dutch gas and power derivatives business.
== Background ==
Before his role as COO of ICE Endex in 2013, Schmeddes was CFO of APX-ENDEX from November 2008 to March 2013. He began at APX Group in 2004 as group manager of finance, prior to APX Group's acquisition of ENDEX. Schmeddes was also a consultant, business controller and manager of business control for TNT N.V. from 1998 to 2004.
== Education ==
Schmeddes graduated from Tilburg University with an MA in econometrics and earned an MBA from INSEAD.
== References ==	
Category:APX-ENDEX - Former Employees
Ludhiana Stock Exchange

== History ==
In late February of 2010, Cochin Stock Exchange and Ludhiana Stock Exchange — two of the 11 regional stock exchanges whose recognition would expire in coming months, have said they are 'compliant' to regulations and are confident of their recognition being renewed by Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi). 
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
== References ==
Category:Exchanges
Category:Stock Exchanges
Ludwik Sobolewski

Ludwik Sobolewski is an exchange and financial market professional who is co-founder and partner of Cornerstone Communications.
Previously, he served as CEO of the Bucharest Stock Exchange. He also served as the president of the Warsaw Stock Exchange.
== Background ==
Sobolewski became an advisor to the WSE in 1994, having worked in the law and administration office of Jagiellonian University from 1989-1995 before becoming executive vice-president of the National Depositary for Securities in November 1994 and deputy chairman of the supervisory board of the Stock Exchange Centre. From 1997-2002 he was an associate in the management faculty at Warsaw University.
== Education ==
Sobolewski is a graduate of the law and administration faculty at Jagiellonian University and completed an MBA in a joint program run by the Universities of Warsaw and Illinois.
== External Links ==
*Interview, Financial Times
== References ==	
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Former Exchange CEOs
Luigi G. Zingales

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Luigi G. Zingales is the Robert C. McCormack professor of Entrepreneurship and Finance at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Zingales also serves as a member of the Committee on Capital Markets Regulation. 
 
== Background ==
== Education ==
Zingales received a bachelor's degree in economics, summa cum laude, from the Universita Bocconi in Milan. He also earned a Ph.D. in Economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Bios - Economists
Category:Committee On Capital Markets Regulation Members
Category:Professors
Category:University of Chicago
Luis A. Aguilar

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Luis A. Aguilar is a former commissioner for the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). He was sworn in as a Commissioner on July 31, 2008. 
On November 16, 2015, Aguilar said he would leave the agency in December of 2015, or earlier if a successor took his place. His term officially ended in June 2015. 
Aguilar’s official swearing-in at the SEC was in Atlanta—not Washington, where the SEC is headquartered. Aguilar wanted the SEC’s Atlanta office to be the site of his swearing-in because that’s where he began his legal career. Aguilar is one of three commissioners in the agency's history to have been nominated by two different presidents from two different political parties. He was initially nominated by President George W. Bush, and then nominated for a second term in 2011 by President Barack Obama. 
In early June of 2009, Aguilar said he believed the SEC should combine functions with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) and the Employee Benefits Security Administration. Aguilar was appointed to serve as the Commission's primary sponsor of the newly formed SEC Investor Advisory Committee.
== Background ==
Prior to his appointment as an SEC Commissioner, Aguilar was a partner with the international law firm of McKenna Long & Aldridge, LLP, specializing in securities law. During his career, his practice included matters pertaining to general corporate and business law, international transactions, investment companies and investment advisers, securities law, and corporate finance. He also focused on issues related to corporate governance, public offerings and private offerings (IPOs and secondary offerings), mergers and acquisitions, mutual funds, investment advisers, broker-dealers, and other aspects of federal and state securities laws and regulations.
His very early work life began with positions building fences across Northern Georgia and loading luggage at the international airport in Miami.
== Education ==
He is a graduate of the University of Georgia School of Law, and also received a Master of Laws degree in taxation from Emory University. Additionally, he successfully completed Series 7, Series 24, Series 63, and Series 65 examinations in connection with serving as president and a director of a registered broker-dealer.
== References ==	
Category:Regulators
Category:Securities Regulators
Category:Lawyers
Luis Laginha de Sousa

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Luis Laginha de Sousa is chairman and chief executive officer of Euronext Lisbon. He was appointed to that position on July 1, 2010, succeeding Miguel Athayde Marques, who resigned to pursue other professional opportunities. Luis Laginha is also a member of the managing board of Euronext N.V. In January 2016, Laghina announced his departure from the firm, effective February 22, 2016.
== Background ==
Laginha joined the Euronext Lisbon in 2005 as chief operating officer. Before joining Euronext, he served as an executive member on the board of Caixaweb SGPS, SA (a holding company owned by Caixa Geral de Depósitos (CGD), Portugal’s largest bank), and as a board member of several CGD Group companies in Portugal and Spain.
== Education ==
Laghina has an MBA from Universidade Católica Portuguesa (1995), where he graduated in Economics (1988).
== References ==
Luke Hoersten

Luke Hoersten is an American software engineer and entrepreneur known for his work in blockchain technology and financial software development.
He was formerly a trader with Allston Trading. Hoersten is the founder and CEO of Bitnomial, Inc., a regulated cryptocurrency derivatives exchange.
==Background==
Hoersten has established himself as a prominent figure in the fintech and blockchain industries. He has contributed to several open-source projects and has been involved in the development of innovative financial technologies.
Hoersten is the inventor of a patent titled "Digital asset transfer system for secure digital asset transactions" (US10951401B2), which was issued on March 16, 2021.
The patent discloses a system designed to facilitate the secure transfer of digital assets. Key features of the system include:
# A first key and index scheme that is made accessible for executing digital asset transactions seamlessly and continuously.
# The first key has the capability to generate second keys and is made accessible to the sender of digital assets.
# A customizable index scheme that can be tailored to meet the specific needs of the transaction parties. This scheme is used to generate a key derivation index.
# For each digital asset transaction, a second key can be derived using the index scheme and the first key.
# The newly derived key is then used to generate a new address for the transaction.
This system aims to enhance the security of digital asset transfers by utilizing a dynamic key generation process for each transaction. The patent's approach potentially offers improved protection against unauthorized access and fraud in digital asset transactions.
===Bitnomial===
In 2019, Hoersten founded Bitnomial, aiming to create a regulated platform for cryptocurrency derivatives trading. As CEO, he has played a crucial role in developing Bitnomial's trading infrastructure and navigating the regulatory landscape for digital asset derivatives.
Under Hoersten's leadership, Bitnomial has obtained regulatory approval from the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) to operate as a designated contract market (DCM) for cryptocurrency derivatives.
== Education ==
Hoersten received a Bachelor of Science degree in Computer Science from Purdue University. 
== References ==	
Category:Cryptocurrency
Category:Digital Assets
Category:Blockchain
Category:Fintech
Category:Entrepreneurs
Category:Software Engineers
Category:Allston Trading
Category:Allston Trading - Former Employee
Category:Bitnomial
Luke Moranda

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Luke Moranda is senior vice president, strategic clearing initiatives. 
He was previously senior vice president and senior information technology advisor to the president and COO at OCC, which he joined in March of 2015.
== Background ==
Moranda joined OCC from JPMorgan Chase, where he was managing director, clearing technology and global payments technology, supporting the Treasury Services business. His responsibilities included leading the technology effort for global payment strategy, processing the movement of up to $5 trillion per day in real-time wires, and supporting the global movement of up to $10 trillion per day in U.S. and U.S. dollar equivalents. Moranda managed a 450-person global technology organization responsible for supporting JPMorgan Chase's U.S. Dollar Wire business, along with global payment support functions including FX, investigations, fund control, and case management for sanctions screening. He held several other positions of increasing responsibility during his tenure at JPMorgan Chase. 
Earlier in his career, Moranda was an application manager and senior project manager with Heller Financial Capital. Before that, he was a senior consultant with Accenture.
== Education ==
Moranda received his BS in Electrical Engineering from Bradley University. He also earned an MBA from the Keller School of Business at Indiana University.
== References ==
Lukka

Lukka provides software and data services for back-office processing of cryptocurrency transactions particularly for tracking and calculating tax obligations. 
Lukka offers products for institutions including cryptocurrency trading platforms, investment fund administrators, trading firms and accountancies. Its core products are its software for tax professionals, crypto office - which transforms decentralized data into formats ready for use, and its reference data archive which covers numerous cryptocurrencies and trading venues.
In January 2020, Lukka received Type 2 Service Organization Control (SOC) reports on tests of Lukka's software's operational effectiveness. The tests were conducted by the accounting firm Friedman LLP enabling Lukka to sell software and services to customers who require third party cybersecurity attestations about their service providers. Friedman LLP provided stablecoin Tether with a widely disparaged report verifying Tether's cash balances in 2017 and dissolved its relationship with Tether shortly thereafter.
In April 2020, the company announced that it had been selected by RSM US, the tax and auditing firm, to provide software for use in tax preparation for clients involved with cryptocurrencies. According to Lukka, RSM tax preparers will use LukkaTax for Professionals and Lukka Crypto Office software. Financial aspects of the arrangement were not disclosed. 
After raising $6 million in new funding in June 2020, Lukka took in another $15 million in December 2020 from State Street, S&P Global and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. According to Lukka CEO Robert Materazzi, “This is going to be a scaling phase for us” as the company focuses on revenue growth.
== References ==
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Category:accounting
Category:software
Category:cryptocurrencies
Luno

Luno is a cryptocurrency trading platform based in London.
== Overview ==
Luno was founded in 2013. The company has offices in London, Singapore, Cape Town, Johannesburg, Kuala Lumpur, Jakarta, Lagos, and Sydney. Luno's company culture includes an extremely bullish attitude towards cryptocurrencies; according to a blog post, the company's internal language refers to this as its "Moontality," a reference to the concept of mooning.
In September 2020, Luno was acquired by the Digital Currency Group, which first invested in the company in 2014.
== Products and Services ==
Luno provides its customers with cryptocurrency to fiat and cryptocurrency to cryptocurrency trading. Luno supports trading for bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, and Bitcoin Cash.
Luno offers various trading services in countries in Southeast Asia, Europe, and Africa, though the range of services it offers depends on the region.
== Key People ==
*Marcus Swanepoel - Co-Founder & CEO
*Timothy Strannex - Co-Founder & CTO
== References ==
Category:Trading
Category:bitcoin
Category:cryptocurrency
Category:blockchain
Category:wallets
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Luxembourg Stock Exchange

The Luxembourg Stock Exchange forms the centerpiece of the country's financial center, and is one of Europe's largest venues for on-exchange bond trading, as well as equities and investment funds.
The member-owned exchange has had an alliance with Euronext since 2000, using its NSC platform for cash trading, and will in 2008 shift clearing to a central counterparty model.
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== References ==
Category:Exchanges
Category:European Exchanges
Luxor Technology Corporation and Bitnomial, Inc. Hashrate Futures

Hashrate Futures, introduced through a collaboration between Luxor Technology Corporation and Bitnomial, Inc., is a financial product in the Bitcoin mining industry. This derivative product is designed to provide Bitcoin miners and investors with tools to manage risks and gain exposure to the Bitcoin mining market.
== Luxor Technology Corporation ==
Luxor Technology Corporation is involved in the Bitcoin mining sector, offering various services and products for cryptocurrency miners. These include a Bitcoin Mining Pool, Hashrate Derivatives Desk, ASIC Trading Desk, ASIC Firmware, and a Bitcoin mining data platform called the Hashrate Index. Luxor focuses on enhancing the efficiency and profitability of Bitcoin mining operations through technology and financial instruments.
== Bitnomial, Inc. ==
Bitnomial, Inc. is a U.S.-based cryptocurrency derivatives exchange that offers physically-backed Bitcoin futures and options. It provides contracts that can be settled in Bitcoin, catering to the demand for such financial products. Bitnomial operates under the regulatory oversight of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC).
== Hashrate Futures ==
The Hashrate Futures product, launched by Luxor and Bitnomial, represents an advancement in the Bitcoin mining derivatives market. These futures contracts allow participants to trade Bitcoin's computational power, known as hashrate, on a regulated exchange. The contracts are priced using Luxor's Bitcoin Hashprice Index, which measures the expected revenue from Bitcoin mining per unit of hashrate.
== Key Features ==
* Contract Size and Duration: Hashrate Futures are available in 1 petahash (PH) contract sizes with monthly durations, which simplifies trading and enhances market liquidity.
* Hedging Tool: The futures provide miners with a mechanism to hedge against revenue volatility, allowing them to stabilize income despite fluctuations in Bitcoin prices and mining difficulty.
* Investor Access: Institutional investors can use these futures to gain exposure to Bitcoin mining, potentially benefiting from movements in hashprice, difficulty, and transaction fees.
 
* Interoperability: These futures are interoperable with Bitnomial's physical Bitcoin Futures, enabling spreads that allow participants to manage risk and returns in either USD or BTC.
== Benefits ==
* Liquidity and Transparency: Trading on a regulated exchange enhances liquidity and provides greater market transparency, as prices are publicly available and updated in real-time.
* Reduced Counterparty Risk: By clearing through a central, regulated clearinghouse, Hashrate Futures reduce the risk of counterparty default.
* Regulatory Compliance: As a CFTC-regulated product, Hashrate Futures benefit from market integrity and investor protection.
== References ==
Category:Technology companies
Category:Blockchains
Category:Derivatives (finance)
Category:Financial derivative trading companies
Category:Cryptocurrencies
Category:Bitnomial, Inc.
Category:Luxor Technology Corporation
Luís Palha da Silva

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Luís Palha da Silva is a former CEO and CFO of Jerónimo Martins, SGPS, SA, and was a member of the NYSE Euronext board of directors. He was appointed to the position in August 2012. 
Palha da Silva previously served as CEO of Jeronimo Martins SGPS and is a former secretary of trade for Portugal. 
 
== Background ==
Palha da Silva started as CFO of Jeronimo in mid-2001, adjusting the firm's business model and, subsequently, leading the firm to financial success in the following years. In 2001,After joining the board of directors, Palha da Silva served chairman of the Executive Board of the Jeronimo Martins Group from 2004 to 2009.
Prior to his term at Jeronimo, Palha da Silva was director of Cimpor from 1998 to 2001, and held positions at various companies, including Covina, SEFIS, EGF, CELBI, SOGEFI and IPE. He was secretary of state for trade from 1992 to 1995. Palha da Silva also lectured at the Catholic University between 1985 and 1992. 
== Education ==
Palha da Silva has a bachelor’s degree in Economics from the School of Economics and Management of Lisbon (1978) and a bachelor’s in Business and Administration from Catholic University Portugal (1981). He has also completed the Advanced Management Program at the Wharton School of Economics.
== References ==	
Category:NYSE Euronext
Category:NYSE Euronext - Former Board Members
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Lynch Amendment

The Lynch Amendment is an amendment proposed in late 2009 by Rep. Stephen Lynch (D-Mass). It is designed to prevent financial firms from controlling OTC derivatives clearinghouses, according to published reports. 
The amendment restricts financial firms from owning more than 20 percent of a clearing facility that clears security-based swaps. According to Bloomberg, Rep. Lynch has said the amendment won’t affect existing companies such as LCH.Clearnet Ltd. or Tradeweb LLC. Only new services created to handle increased demand for processing OTC derivatives trades would be limited to 20 percent bank ownership if the proposal becomes law.
== References ==
Category:Legislation