American Petroleum Institute

The American Petroleum Institute (API) describes itself as "the only national trade association that represents all aspects of America’s oil and natural gas industry"American Petroleum Institute About Accessed 20th March 2008. 
Its services, as stated on its website, include:American Petroleum Institute About Accessed 20th March 2008
*Advocacy - 
:We speak for the petroleum industry to the public, Congress and the Executive Branch, state governments and the media. We negotiate with regulatory agencies, represent the industry in legal proceedings, participate in coalitions and work in partnership with other associations to achieve our members’ public policy goals.
*Research and Statistics - 
:API conducts or sponsors research ranging from economic analyses to toxicological testing. And we collect, maintain and publish statistics and data on all aspects of U.S. industry operations... API’s Weekly Statistical Bulletin is the most recognized publication, widely reported by the media.
==Watering down climate change research==
In 2005, Philip Cooney, a lawyer and lobbyist for the American Petroleum Institute, was reported to have "edited the Bush administration's official policy papers on climate change to play down the link between greenhouse gas emissions and global warming"Borger, J. (2005) Ex-oil lobbyist watered down US climate researchThe Guardian 9th June 2005. Accessed 20th March 2008. 
Cooney has no scientific training, yet as chief of staff for the White House council on environmental quality he reportedly "watered down government scientific papers on climate change and played up uncertainties in the scientific literature". According to an article in The Guardian, Cooney "performed a similar role in his previous job for the American Petroleum Institute, a lobby group representing oil giants and focused on countering the virtual consensus among scientists that man-made emissions are rapidly heating the planet".Julian Borger, "Ex-oil lobbyist watered down US climate research", The Guardian, 9 June 2005, accessed in newsmine.org archive 28 April 2009 The article quotes Kert Davies, the US research director for Greenpeace, as saying:
:Cooney's still doing his old job for the American Petroleum Institute. It's the American Petroleum Institute working within the White House.
==Astroturf activities in the run-up to COP15==
An American Petroleum Institute memo, leaked to Greenpeace and publicised by them in August 2009, called on the CEOs of some of the world’s biggest oil companies (including ExxonMobil, Shell, BP and Chevron) to involve their employees in anti US climate action rallies masquerading as a grassroots movement of concerned “energy citizens”.Memo from Jack Gerard, president and CEO of the API, to membership, Aug 2009, leaked to Greenpeace, with Greenpeace response written by Phil Radford, executive director of Greenpeace, to Gerard, dated 12 Aug 2009, available here http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Image:Oil-memo%283%29.pdf
In a letter to Jack Gerard, President and CEO of the American Petroleum Institute, Phil Radford, executive director of Greenpeace, writes:
:It would logically appear that the “Energy Citizen” campaign’s objective is to defeat climate change regulation. This goal runs contrary to several prominent API members’ public support for climate action, namely Shell, BP America, ConocoPhillips, General Electric and Siemens. These companies are all a part of the pro cap-and-trade U.S. Climate Action Partnership, which has publicly supported the Waxman-Markey Bill. In addition, most members of USCAP are also members of the Chamber of Commerce and National Association of Manufacturers, named partners in your “Energy Citizen” campaign. Can you explain the contradictory objectives of supporting cap-and-trade on one hand and working to defeat it on the other? And also reveal if any API members opted out of the “Energy Citizen” effort?Memo from Jack Gerard, president and CEO of the API, to membership, Aug 2009, leaked to Greenpeace, with Greenpeace response written by Phil Radford, executive director of Greenpeace, to Gerard, dated 12 Aug 2009, available here http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Image:Oil-memo%283%29.pdf
The leaked API memo congratulates itself on successfully persuading the public that a bill passed by US Congress in the summer of 2009 to promote clean energy would lead to hikes in petrol prices and job losses and is therefore a bad idea. Jack Gerard writes:
:Recent opinion research that Harris Interactive conducted for API demonstrates that our messages on Waxman-Markey-like legislation work extremely well and are very persuasive with the general public and policy influentials. After hearing that Waxman-Markey-like legislation could increase the costs of gasoline to around $4 and lead to significant job losses, these audiences changed their opinions on the bill significantly.Memo from Jack Gerard, president and CEO of the API, to membership, Aug 2009, leaked to Greenpeace, with Greenpeace response written by Phil Radford, executive director of Greenpeace, to Gerard, dated 12 Aug 2009, available here http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Image:Oil-memo%283%29.pdf
Gerard adds:
:Our expectation is to translate peoples’ real concerns for job losses and increased energy costs to all unsound proposals (e.g., Waxman-Markey-like legislation, tax increases, and access limitations).Memo from Jack Gerard, president and CEO of the API, to membership, Aug 2009, leaked to Greenpeace, with Greenpeace response written by Phil Radford, executive director of Greenpeace, to Gerard, dated 12 Aug 2009, available here http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Image:Oil-memo%283%29.pdf
==People==
*Jack Gerard – President and CEO (from autumn 2008)
==References==
Category:Corporate Lobby Groups
Category:Oil IndustryCategory:Climate
Category:Climate Change ScepticsCategory:Climate Change Category:Climate: Energy Industry Category:Climate: Industry Lobby Groups