nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Lee Olesky

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Lee Olesky is the CEO and co-founder of Tradeweb. 
Olesky has over two decades of experience in the global fixed income markets and managing both investment banking and financial technology companies. His work has led to the creation of two successful global electronic trading companies.
In February 2022, Olesky said he will be stepping down as CEO of Tradeweb. He took the company from a startup to a business valued at over $20 billion. 
== Background ==
Prior to Tradeweb, Olesky was the co-founder and CEO of BrokerTec, an electronic inter-dealer broker (sold to Icap in 2003). Previously, he worked for seven years in a variety of management positions at Credit Suisse First Boston, most recently as chief operating officer for the fixed income division. 
He currently serves on a number of boards, including: Data Explorers, Tetragon Financial Group (TFG), Tradeweb and Coalition. , Coalition Credit Benchmark, Habitat for Humanity - New York City and the international advisory board of the British-American Business Council (BABC). 
Olesky has been named one of the 'Top Global Executives and Innovators in Financial Technology' by Institutional Investor magazine for each of the last six years. He has lectured at leading academic institutions, including Cambridge University and University of California, Berkeley business schools and has provided expert testimony to the US Congress and various regulatory authorities worldwide.
== Education ==
Olesky has a Juris Doctorate from George Washington University, the National Law Center in Washington D.C., attended University College in London and has earned a B.A. in History from Tulane University.
== MarketsWiki Questions: Exploring Financial Technology ==
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Olesky participated in the MarketsWiki Questions: Exploring Financial Technology interactive video series. See his responses to the following questions:
*Q4: How is regulation driving technology in the derivatives space? (August 3, 2011)
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Lee Sachs

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Lee Sachs is a counselor to U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner. Sachs has announced that he plans to step down from his position in April of 2010. Sachs said publicly that he would leave the position because his chief objective - stabilizing the financial sector as a precursor to strengthening the economy - had been largely achieved.
 
== Background ==
== Education ==
== References ==
Lee Seongtae

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Lee Seongtae is the governor of the Bank of Korea. He joined the bank in 1968 and became its governor in April 2006.
== Background ==
== Education ==
Mr. Lee received a B.A. in Business Administration from Seoul National University and an M.A. in Economics from the University of Illinois, U.S.A.
== References ==
Category:Central Bankers
Category:Korea
Category:Bank of Korea
Lee Shavel

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Lee Shavel is the chief financial officer and executive vice president of corporate strategy at Nasdaq OMX. He was appointed to these positions on April 14, 2011. He replaced Adena Friedman who left the company in March to join the Carlyle Group. Shavel's appointment was effective May 23, 2011. 
== Background ==
Prior to joining Nasdaq, Shavel served as the Americas head of financial institutions investment banking at Bank of America. While at BAML, he advised Nasdaq on the proposed deal to purchase NYSE Euronext in early 2011. 
Shavel has in-depth experience with mergers and acquisitions and has advised on several major deals including the sale of the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) to the CME Group and the sale of the International Securities Exchange to Deutsche Boerse. He has also been involved in advising firms such as Nasdaq, NYMEX and MF Global on their initial public offerings. Shavel joined Merrill Lynch in 1993 as an associate. 
== Education ==
Shavel holds a bachelor of science in economics and a bachelor of arts from the University of Pennsylvania.
== References ==	
Category:NASDAQ OMX
Lee Tenzer

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The late Lee Tenzer was a proprietary trader, investor, philanthropist and exchange member who founded LETCO, which at one time was one of the biggest proprietary trading firms on the Cboe. He sold LETCO to TD Securities in 2002.
He was a member of the board of DePauw University, his alma mater.
Tenzer was a member of the inaugural class of the "Crowd of Fame" created by the Options Clearing Corporation, which in 2019 announced the creation of the U.S. Options Lifetime Contribution Award.
Tenzer, through his family foundation, owned Lake Geneva Canopy Tours, a zip lining business in the resort town in southeast Wisconsin.
== Background ==
Tenzer served in the National Guard and began his career as a computer programmer for Sears, Roebuck & Company. 
In 2002, Tenzer sold LETCO to TD Securities at the same time TD bought Stafford Trading, Inc.
Tenzer's first clerk on the floor of the Cboe was Jon Najarian. Tenzer later hired Don Wilson after Wilson had graduated from the University of Chicago.
==Philanthropy==
The Tenzer Family Foundation committed $10 million toward a technology innovation center at DePauw University known as the Tenzer Technology Initiative.
== Education ==
Tenzer was a 1964 graduate of DePauw University and held a bachelor of science in mathematics.
In 2018, Tenzer bought a golf course in Greencastle, IN that is used by the DePauw University golf team and local community.
==Video==
== References ==	
Category:LETCO
Category:Former CBOE Board Members
Category:OCC Crowd of Fame Member
Category:CBOE Members
Lee Yi Shyan

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Lee Yi Shyan is chairman of ICE Futures Singapore (IFSG) and ICE Clear Singapore (ICSG). He was appointed to that role effective November 24, 2016.
== Background ==
Lee is a Member of Parliament in Singapore and previously served in the Singapore government for ten years as a senior minister of state in the Ministry of Trade and Industry, the Ministry of National Development and the Ministry of Manpower. Earlier, between 2001 and 2006, he served as the CEO of International Enterprise Board, an organization promoting international trade with businesses in Singapore. 
He joined the boards of IFSG and ICSG on November 7, 2016.
== Education ==
== References ==
Left Curve

The "left curve" is a concept in cryptocurrency investing that refers to a specific group of investors or traders within the crypto market. This term originates from a popular meme in the cryptocurrency community that depicts a bell curve of investor knowledge and behavior.
== Origin and Meaning ==
The "left curve" meme typically shows a bell curve with three categories of investors:
* Left side: Those who know very little or nothing about cryptocurrency
* Middle: Investors with moderate knowledge
* Right side: Highly knowledgeable or expert investors
The "left curve" specifically refers to those on the left side of this distribution.
== Characteristics of Left Curve Investors ==
Left curve investors are often characterized by:
* Limited knowledge of cryptocurrency fundamentals or technology
* Tendency to invest in meme coins or trendy tokens
* Reliance on social media hype and influencer recommendations
* Focus on short-term gains rather than long-term value
 
== Investment Behavior ==
Left curve investors typically exhibit the following behaviors:
* Purchasing low-priced, high-supply tokens with hopes of massive gains
* Following viral trends and investing in tokens with catchy names or themes
* Limited research into the underlying technology or utility of their investments
* Emphasis on community engagement and social media presence of projects
== Market Impact ==
Despite their limited knowledge, left curve investors can have a significant impact on the cryptocurrency market:
* Driving rapid price increases for memecoins and low-cap tokens
* Contributing to market volatility through herd behavior
* Attracting attention to lesser-known projects, sometimes leading to broader adoption
== Criticism and Risks ==
The left curve approach to cryptocurrency investing is often criticized for:
* Increased vulnerability to scams and rug pulls
* Higher risk of significant financial losses
*Contributing to market instability and undermining the credibility of the crypto space
== Recent Developments ==
In the 2023-2024 bull market, left curve investors have seen surprising success with investments in meme coins and low-utility tokens. This has led to increased respect and attention for the left curve strategy, despite its inherent risks.
== References ==
Category:Slang Investing Terms
Leigh Faber

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Leigh Faber is a consultant for family offices and an alternative investment specialist. A veteran of the alternative investment space, she has conducted hundreds of due diligence reviews in her career on behalf of family offices. She has covered hedge funds, commodity trading advisors, private equity, venture capital, and other alternative investments. 
== Background ==
Faber is a financial services profession with more than 20 years experience in a career that includes service with family offices, asset management firms, membership organization, securities firms, and retail banking. She has performed due diligence on over 600 alternative investment managers involved in a wide range of investment strategies.
She has also held marketing and capital raising roles within the hedge fund industry. She is a co-founder of the Northwest Hedge Fund Society (now the Seattle Alternative Investment Association) and a member of 100 Women in Hedge Funds.
Faber previously was senior business development manager at the Family Office Exchange in Chicago, starting in May of 2011. Before that, she was a project consultant with Huron Consulting Group, a management consulting firm also in Chicago. Before that she was an investment analyst for Santa Fe Investment Advisors.
== Education ==
Loyola Marymount University 
== JohnLothianNews.com Video ==
Leigh Faber discusses family offices and allocating to managed futures
Faber spoke with John Lothian News editor-in-chief Jim Kharouf about the differences between family offices and other institutions when seeking an allocation to managed futures. The key, according to Faber, is education – on both sides. Managers must explain performance, investment strategy and risk in an easy-to-understand manner, and managers themselves must be sensitive to the nature of family office wealth and how objectives may differ from those of pensions and endowments.
== References ==
Leila Fourie

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Leila Fourie has been the Group Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) since October 2019.
== Background ==
Before taking the helm at the JSE, Fourie served Lifeline Australia as a co-opted member of the board audit & risk committee from July 2018 to September 2019. During her tenure at Commonwealth Bank in Australia, she held the position of executive for consumer finance from March 2019 to August 2019. In this role, Fourie's responsibilities encompassed a broad range of financial services, including cards, unsecured lending, credit, pricing & analytics, and risk management.
Fourie served as vice president of the Economic Society of Australia NSW Council from August 2017 to August 2019. She served as a committee member of the Women in Economics Network from April 2017 to August 2019.
As chief executive officer of the Australian Payments Network from September 2016 to March 2019, Fourie led Australia's payment systems, enhancing the security and efficiency of the financial transaction infrastructure.
Prior to these roles, Fourie returned to JSE as an executive director responsible for post-trade and information services from March 2012 to July 2016. She was also affiliated with Standard Bank Group, where she led the card division and was the global director for credit analytics and capital.
Fourie began her professional journey in the financial services industry at Accenture (formerly Andersen Consulting), where she was a senior manager for over five years.
== Education ==
Fourie hold a doctor of philosophy (PhD) in economic and financial sciences from the University of Johannesburg. She is also a graduate of the Australian Institute of Company Directors (GAICD).
== References ==	
Category:Exchange CEOs
Len Brennan

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Len Brennan is and advisor and former President and CEO of Russell Investments. He was named to that position on July 12, 2011 and left in November of 2017. In April 2012, he was named chairman of the Frank Russell Company's board of directors.
== Background ==
Brennan joined Russell in 1985. He held a number of senior management positions in the company, including most recently managing director of Individual Investor Services. In this role, he had oversight for Russell's global operations. Previously, he managed Russell's Toronto and London offices and launched the firm's first multi-manager investment funds outside the U.S. 
He joined Rainier Investment Management, Inc. in 2005 and served as president and CEO for six years before returning to Russell in 2011. 
== Education ==
B. Commerce (with honors), Carleton University
== References ==
Category:Russell Investments - Former Employees
Lend

Investors lend money to a corporation when they buy debt such as corporate bonds intending to profit from interest payments - which are prohibited in Islamic finance. The recent credit crisis has greatly increased the cost of short-term lending between banks worldwide, putting more presure on constrained credit markets. 
Lending money under the condition that interest will be paid on the principal is also known as usury and is forbidden under the Islamic faith, where it is called 'riba'. To avoid this prohibition, financiers in Islamic countries have developed bond-like lending instruments known collectively as sukuk, which are not considered interest-paying but still profit the lender.
== Latest News ==
Global banks' unwillingness to lend to each other since the credit crisis began has caused a rise in the spread between the interbank lending-rate benchmark LIBOR and three-month Treasury bills. The situation in the U.S. become so dire that some commentators have called for U.S. Federal Reserve intervention to guarantee short-term interbank lending similar to that in other credit markets.
The Bank of England has reacted to a similar crisis in UK interbank lending by creating a new discount lending facility for emergency overnight loans. The BoE has lowered emergency bank lending rates by 50 basis points to 4.5% and will likely also allow banks to exchange moribund mortgage-backed securities and other impaired debt for higher-quality government bills. 
== References ==
Category:Interest Rates
Category:Bonds
Leo Murphy

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Leo Murphy is a vice president of deployment for Gasmart LLC.
Formerly he was campus connect manager for Trading Technologies. TT’s CampusConnect equiped schools with TT software through corporate software donations. 
 Universities in turn apply the software to their curriculum as they see fit in order to benefit from its use while TT benefits from the university’s feedback and application. 
== Background ==
Murphy began his career as a broker in fixed income futures and options for Merrill Lynch at the Chicago Board of Trade. He was a senior economist in research and development for the CBOT before coming to Trading Technologies to manage the University Program. He is also an adjunct faculty member at Benedictine University (Lisle, Illinois) and Lewis University (Romeoville, Illinois) teaching economics.
== Education ==
Murphy is a graduate of Loyola University of Chicago (BBA, Economics) and Illinois Institute of Technology (MBA, Finance).
== References ==	
Category:Trading Technologies - Former Employees
Category:Former CBOT Staff
Category:Merrill Lynch - Former Employees
Category:Adjunct Professors
Leonard J. Amoruso

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Leonard J. Amoruso is a senior managing director and general counsel for Knight Capital Group.
== Background ==
Prior to joining the Knight Capital Group, Amoruso spent a decade with FINRA's District 10 office in New York, most recently as deputy director. 
Amoruso also currently serves on numerous industry committees and is a frequent speaker at industry conferences. He also serves on the board of managers of Direct Edge Holdings LLC.
== Education ==
Amoruso received a B.B.A. in banking, finance and investments from Hofstra University in 1986 and a J.D. from Hofstra University School of Law in 1989.
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Knight Capital Group
Category:Knight Capital Group
Leonard T. Nuara

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Leonard T. Nuara is founding partner at Flatiron Law Group LLP, which he started in May of 2017. He was previously president and co-founder of TeraExchange. TeraExchange began as a facility of Spring Trading LLC of Summit, New Jersey and Washington, DC
== Background ==
Before joining Tera, Nuara was a shareholder in the intellectual property and technology group of Greenberg Traurig LLP, an international law firm. Before that, he was the chair of the intellectual property group of Thacher Proffitt & Wood LLP.
He was an adjunct professor of law at Seton hall University in South Orange, NJ for 29 years starting in 1986.
== Education ==
Nuara received an A.B. in Political Science, Economics and Computer Science in 1981 from Boston College. He earned a J.D. from Seton Hall University School of Law in 1984.
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:TeraExchange
Les Male

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Les Male is the chief executive officer of the Dubai Gold & Commodities Exchange (DGCX). He was appointed to that role in February 2018.
Male was formerly at Nasdaq. He has more than 25 years of international experience in the exchange and clearing commodities trading sector.
== Background ==
He began his career with British Gas as a pipeline engineer. 
He has also served a commercial director at EnMO and then continued in that role for APX-Endex, the Anglo-Dutch European gas and power trading exchange. 
In 2010 he became the European managing director for the Green Exchange, a US backed venture for global carbon trading. After Green Exchange was acquired by the CME Group, Male focused on European gas and Global LNG strategy for NYMEX.
He joined NASDAQ in 2014.
== Education ==
== References ==	
Category:Nasdaq - Former Employees
Category:Exchange CEOs
Category:Dubai
Leslie F. Gates

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Leslie F. Gates was an American farmer, grain merchant, exchange member and leader who served as the president of the Chicago Board of Trade from 1920 to 1921. Gates was succeeded by Joseph P. Griffin, who had served as president of the CBOT in 1916 and 1917.
He was the head of Lamson Bros., one of the leading grain houses of its time. 
== Background ==
Gates was born in Canton, OH and spent his early years there. He later lived in Wilmette, IL at 723 Eighth Street.
He entered the grain commission business in 1906 with Lamson Brothers & Company and was still associated with the firm when he died at the age of 55 in 1928. When Gates passed away in Battle Creek Michigan, after suffering acute indigestion for three days, the Chicago Board of Trade board of directors held a special meeting and voted to close the exchange early the next day in honor of Gates. They passed a resolution in his honor and a delegation was sent to the funeral. He is interned in Graceland Cemetery in Chicago. 
Gates served for many years as a trustee for his alma matter Lafayette College and donated generously to the institution. Lafayette College announced on June 8, 1929, the construction of a new dormitory on campus to honor Gates' extensive service as a trustee. The building's first cornerstone was laid on Founder's Day, October 17, 1930, and it was dedicated as Gates Hall on May 20, 1931.
As a resident of Wilmette, IL, he took an interest in New Trier High School and served as the president of the township high school board. A gymnasium was named the "Leslie F. Gate Gymnasium" at the school and served the community for many years until it was demolished in 2022.
Gates was a member of the Delta Upsilon fraternity, the Union League Club of Chicago, the Art Institute of Chicago, City Club, North Shore Country Club and the Commonwealth Club.
He was first elected as a director of the Chicago Board of Trade in 1911 and served continuously in various roles, including as president in 1920 and 1921.
== Education ==
He graduated from Lafayette College in Easton, Pennsylvania. 
== References ==	
Category:Deceased
Category:CBOT Members
Category:Former CBOT Officials
Category:Presidents of the Chicago Board of Trade
Leslie N. Silverman

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Leslie N. Silverman is a partner with the international law firm of Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP Silverman also serves as a member of the Committee on Capital Markets Regulation. 
His specialization is domestic and international capital markets, particularly cross-border offerings and development of new financial products, and counseling regarding compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related corporate governance matters. 
He is a member of the bars in New York and the District of Columbia, and is admitted to practice before the U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit, and the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. 
 
Silverman is a published author, having had a hand in works including "Raising Capital Through OTC Equity Derivatives: The Goldman, Sachs & Co. Interpretive Letter." 
 
== Background ==
Silverman joined the firm in 1974 and became a partner in 1982. From 1985 to 1989, he was resident in the London office. He served as law clerk to Chief Judge Irving R. Kaufman of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.
==Books==
*U.S. Regulation of the International Securities and Derivatives Markets (contributor) (Aspen Publishers, December of 2003) - 978-0735542181
*The Sarbanes-Oxley Act: Analysis and Practice (contributor) (Aspen Publishers, September of 2003) - ISBN 978-0735544925
== Education ==
Silverman received a J.D. degree from Yale Law School in 1973, where he was an editor of the Law Journal. He also received an undergraduate degree, summa cum laude, from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Committee On Capital Markets Regulation Members