nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Association of National Exchange Members of India

__NOTOC__
The Association of National Exchange Members of India, better known as ANMI, represents the interests of on-exchange brokers on the country's two largest exchanges, the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and the National Stock Exchage of India (NSEI). AMNI is best known for its aggressive five-year campaign against additional taxation levied upon on-exchange securities transactions. 
==Background==
ANMI lobbies publicly on behalf of all users of the two exchanges throughout India, provides them a forum to interact with each other and also offers its approximately 800 members educational and training events. It consists of four regional councils repesenting exchange members across the entire country and regional elections are held annually. ANMI is also a member of the International Council of Securities Association
ANMI also vocally opposed the introduction in 2004 of India's securities transaction tax (STT), which taxed all buying and selling of all tradable securities, including derivatives, at a rate of 0.125%, and ANMI has continued its opposition to the STT into 2009. It has also lobbied the Indian government to reform the stamp duty system it currently imposes on capital markets transactions.
==Key People==
*Swatantra K Rustagi – President, ANMI
*K. Suresh – Alternate President, ANMI
Former ANMI President E.M.C. Palaniappan was elected in 2009 to serve the 2009-2010 financial year in the top job, which rotates annually. He was previously an ANMI alternate president, where he advocated a new system aimed at reducing client defaults for ANMI members early in 2009.
Former ANMI Alternate President Anil Bagri recently told India's Financial Express newspaper that the burden imposed on India's securities markets by the STT was rendering them uncompetitive on an international level.
==Latest News==
ANMI recently launched a campaign to encourage more disclosure of listed company shareholdings, including more timely release to the market of price-sensitive information. Currently, changes in share ownership are reported to some agencies weekly but to the market only quarterly. ANMI is also lobbying governmemnt for a tightening of the requirments for share price information.
== References ==
Athanassios Diplas

__NOTOC__ 
Athanassios Diplas is a managing director and global head of the Systemic Risk Management Group at Deutsche Bank.
Diplas is also co-chair of the International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) industry governance committee. He previously co-chaired the ISDA Credit Derivatives Steering Committee and served on the Market Resiliency Working Group of the Counterparty Risk Management Policy Group III.
== Background ==
He was previously the chief risk officer and deputy COO at Deutsche Bank. Prior to Deutsche Bank, Diplas was a credit derivatives trader at Goldman, Sachs & Co. and managed the counterparty risk trading book for the credit derivatives business. From August 1997 to April 2003, he served as a vice president at Goldman, Sachs & Co. Diplas is also a board member at ICE Trust.
He was asked to become co-chair of the ISDA Industry Governance Committee on June 14, 2011, along with Charlie Mulhern.
== Education ==
Diplas received his undergraduate degree in physics from Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in Greece, his MBA from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and his PhD in astronomy from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
== References ==
Category: Bios - Executives
Athena

Athena is a multi-dimensional cryptocurrency platform based in Chicago, Illinois.
Athena Bitcoin operates ATMs, a bitcoin exchange called BitQuick, and Athena Investor Services, a full-service cryptocurrency brokerage. It also offers a co-working service called Athena.Trade.
There are about 50 Athena Bitcoin ATMs around the United States, including in Illinois, Florida, California and Texas. According to their website, Athena Bitcoin also has ATMs in Bogota Colombia.
BitQuick is an exchange exclusively for buying and selling bitcoin. It is highly rated for its speed and ease of use. 
Athena Investor Services offers traditionally styled brokerage services for bitcoin, Ripple, and ether as well as a few other cryptocurrencies. Minimum transaction sizes is $10,000 for its pre-approved customers. 
In May 2018 Athena Bitcoin launched a co-working space for the cryptocurrency community, Athena.Trade, in Chicago. The downtown location provides space for up to 25 traders and is focused on building community and encouraging collaboration. Below is a photograph from the opening party for Athena.Trade in May.
== References ==
Category:Athena
Category:Ethereum
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Athena Velie Eastwood

__NOTOC__ 
Athena Y. Velie is a special counsel at Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft, LLP in their Washington, DC offices.
Her work at Cadwalader includes representing financial institutions, hedge funds, energy and commodity companies, agricultural cooperatives and trade associations in a wide variety of commodity and derivatives regulatory, legislative and compliance matters. 
== Background ==
Previously, she was a partner in the Washington, D.C. office of McDermott Will & Emery, practicing in the firm's Energy and Derivatives Markets Group.
 
Here experience includes drafting and negotiating agreements involving a wide range of commodities, including emissions allowances, renewable energy credits, coal, natural gas, power and agricultural products. 
Eastwood is a member of the drafting committees of the ISDA Emissions Trading Working Group and the ISDA Coal Trading Working Group; the ABA's Committee on Regulation of Futures and Derivatives Instruments; and various climate change committees of the ABA's Section on Science and Technology.
== Education ==
Eastwood holds a juris doctor degree from University of Virginia School of Law. Additionally, she holds a bachelor of arts from Georgetown University in history. She graduated from Georgetown Magna Cum Laude.
At the University of Virginia Law School she served as executive editor of the Virginia Environmental Law Journal.
She was a semifinalist in the Lile Moot Court Competition and was awarded regional best oralist in the Jessup International Moot Court Competition. 
Prior to law school, Eastwood was a United States Page for the Honorable Gerald B. Solomon, and served as an intern for Senator John Warner on Capitol Hill.
== References ==
Category:Lawyers
Category:Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP
Athens Derivatives Exchange

__NOTOC__
The Athens Derivatives Exchange, launched in 1999, is part of the Athens Exchange or ATHEX, a subsidiary of the Hellenic Exchanges. 
The derivatives market offers futures and options on the FTSE/ATHEX Large Cap Index and single stock futures. 
The Athens Derivatives Exchange and Athens Stock Exchange merged in September 2002, and was renamed the Athens Exchange. 
ADEX was ranked the 37th among global derivatives exchanges by volume in 2021 with 11.86 million contracts traded, up 18.98 percent from a year earlier, according to the 2021 annual volume survey published by the Futures Industry Association (FIA).
==Background==
ADEX was first established in 1999 as a subsidiary of the Athens Stock Exchange (ASE) and then combined with the ASE under a new parent company, Hellenic Exchanges, in 2002. 
The Athens Derivative Exchange Clearing House (ADEXCH) merged with Hellenic Exchanges in 2006. 
==Annual Volumes==
Year	Total Annual Volume	Percent Change
2021	11,868,959 	18.98
2020	9,975,260 	(-) 3.6%
2019	10,347,962 	(-) 25.8%
2018	13,946,112 	(-) 28.2%
2017	19,447,211 	25.7%
2016	15,470,716 	5.6%
2015	14,653,105 	35.7%
2014	10,798,988 	17.3%
2013	9,204,155 	(-)67.4%
2012	28,261,224 	170.9%
2011	~10,400,000 (est.) 	22.6%
2010	8,481,281 	7.9%
2009	7,859,952 	--
==Key People==
*Socrates Lazaridis, CEO of Hellenic Exchanges
== References ==
Athens Exchange

The Athens Exchange (ATHEX) is a stock exchange located in Athens, Greece. It is a subsidiary of Hellenic Exchanges S.A., whose shares are listed on ATHEX.
The ATHEX is a member exchange of the World Federation of Exchanges.
== History ==
In September of 2009, a car bomb blew up outside of the Athens Stock Exchange. The exchange opened normally, despite the fact the blast blew out windows on several floors of the stock exchange and hurled debris hundreds of meters away from the building.
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
== Resources ==
*Rule Book
== References ==
Category:Exchanges
Category:Stock Exchanges
Category:World Federation of Exchange Member
AtomX

AtomX is a service launched by Euronext in October 2015 designed for investors looking to bilaterally negotiate trades. It will allow users to customize and trade options and futures, which will be cleared through LCH Clearnet, in the same clearing pool as the rest of Euronext's derivatives positions. The new service will also allow clients to offset positions negotiated outside the central order book against position in the COB, so they pay less margin. AtomX will also attempt to develop additional on-exchange capabilities for users.
The launch comes at a time when regulators are calling for more transparency and mitigation of the systemic risk posed by over-the-counter derivatives. At the same time market participants are looking for more efficiencies in portfolio management. 
In addition to the standard financial derivatives contracts available in Euronext’s central order book, AtomX will offer more than 900 flex contracts where clients can change the standard terms, although expiration dates are currently limited to the third Friday of the month.
AtomX will run on TRADExpress, the technology platform supplied by Cinnober. 
== References ==
Category:European Exchanges
Category:Derivatives
Atomic Settlement

Atomic Settlement is a concept in financial markets that refers to the simultaneous and instantaneous exchange of assets between parties, ensuring that either both sides of a transaction are completed or neither is executed. This approach aims to eliminate settlement risk and increase efficiency in financial transactions.
== History ==
The concept of atomic settlement emerged with the advent of blockchain technology and distributed ledger systems. Traditional settlement processes often involve multiple intermediaries and can take several days to complete, exposing participants to counterparty and settlement risks. Atomic settlement addresses these issues by leveraging smart contracts and blockchain technology to enable near-instantaneous settlement of transactions.
== Key Features ==
Atomic settlement is characterized by several key features:
# Simultaneity: Both sides of a transaction are settled at the same time, eliminating the risk of one party defaulting after receiving their part of the exchange.
# Instantaneity: Settlements occur in near real-time, reducing the time gap between trade execution and settlement.
# Finality: Once an atomic settlement is completed, it is irreversible, providing certainty to all parties involved.
# Reduced Counterparty Risk: The all-or-nothing nature of atomic settlement minimizes the risk of one party failing to fulfill their obligations.
 
== Technology ==
Atomic settlement is typically implemented using blockchain technology and smart contracts. These technologies enable the creation of self-executing agreements that automatically enforce the terms of a transaction. When the conditions specified in the smart contract are met, the settlement occurs instantaneously and automatically.
== Applications ==
Atomic settlement has potential applications across various financial markets:
# Securities Trading: Enabling instant settlement of stock and bond trades.
# Foreign Exchange: Facilitating simultaneous exchange of currencies without intermediaries.
# Cross-Border Payments: Streamlining international transactions by reducing settlement times and risks.
# Derivatives Markets: Enhancing the efficiency and security of complex financial instrument settlements.
== Challenges and Considerations ==
While atomic settlement offers significant benefits, its widespread adoption faces several challenges:
# Regulatory Compliance: Ensuring that atomic settlement systems comply with existing financial regulations and reporting requirements.
# Scalability: Developing systems capable of handling high transaction volumes typical in financial markets.
# Interoperability: Creating standards and protocols to enable atomic settlement across different blockchain networks and traditional financial systems.
# Legal Framework: Establishing a robust legal framework to support the finality and enforceability of atomic settlements.
== References ==
Category:Financial Technology
Category:Blockchain
Category:Settlement
Category:Financial Markets
Category:Trading Systems
Atos Euronext Market Solutions

Atos Euronext Market Solutions is a provider of technology solutions for exchanges, clearing houses, banks, brokers, and intermediaries. It was created when Atos Origin and NYSE Euronext combined interests in a 50:50 venture to focus on providing technology exclusively for financial markets.
 
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
== References ==
Category:Atos Euronext Market Solutions
Category:NYSE Euronext
Atrium Trading Inc.

Atrium Trading was a discount brokerage firm that offered a trading platform for independent, active investors.
The firm used the technology of Interactive Brokers, specifically Interactive Brokers' TWS trading system, to power its ATrader Workstation platform.
== History ==
Atrium Trading was an offshoot of The Price Futures Group. In 1988, Walter Thomas Price, III founded The Price Futures Group as a full service futures and options brokerage company.
== Products and Services ==
Through one account and using one platform, customers could trade stocks, futures, options, foreign exchange, ETFs, cash gold and other metals, corporate and municipal bonds, and mutual funds.
== Key People ==
*Larry Arnowitz was the president of Atrium.
== New Kids On The Block Article ==
*New Kids On The Block Article With Atrium Trading Inc. - December 2012
== References ==
Category:Brokerages
Category:Discount Brokerages
Category:Atrium Trading
Category:Price Futures Group
Category:Price Holdings
Atsushi Saito

Atsushi Saito was named chairman of KKR Japan in August 2015. Saito became CEO of the Japan Exchange Group in January 2013 following the combination of the Tokyo Stock Exchange Group, Inc. (TSE) and Osaka Securities Exchange Co., Ltd. He left the Japan Exchange Group in June 2015. He had been president and CEO of TSE since 2007. He replaced Taizo Nishimuro who moved to the role of chairman.
Saito serves on the board of directors of the World Federation of Exchanges.
In 2017, Saito was inducted into the Futures Industry Association's Futures Hall of Fame, which was established in 2005 to commemorate outstanding contributions to the global futures and options community. 
 
== Background ==
Saito started his career as a junior analyst at Nomura Securities, and spent 35 years at the firm, stationed twice in New York and appointed to the board in 1986. At Nomura, he worked in Treasuries and fixed-income dealing and several other divisions, rising to become deputy president.
After retiring from Nomura, he served successively as president, then chairman of Sumitomo Life Investment Co, before being appointed in April 2003 as president of Industrial Revitalization Corporation of Japan (IRCJ), the state-backed group formed to restructure the banking system’s bad-loan crisis. 
== News ==
In February of 2008, Saito's monthly salary was cut by 10% for one month following trading system failures at the TSE. Senior managing director and COO Yasuo Tobiyama and CIO and managing director of TSE's systems unit, Yoshinori Suzuki also had their salaries cut by 10% for one month.
== Education ==
Saito graduated from Keio University in 1963.
== References ==
Category:Exchange CEOs
Category:World Federation of Exchanges Board Member
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Tokyo Stock Exchange Executives
Category:Tokyo Stock Exchange
Category:Japan Exchange Group
Category:Futures Hall of Fame Members
Atsushi Yoshikawa

__NOTOC__ 
Atsushi Yoshikawa is the president of Nomura Holdings, Inc. and group chief operating officer and chief executive officer of wholesale division at Nomura Holdings, Inc.
== Background ==
Atsushi Yoshikawa was a senior managing director of the investment banking division at Nomura Securities Co. Ltd.. He served as the chief executive officer and director at Nomura Asset Management Co., Ltd. 
Atsushi Yoshikawa served as the chief executive officer and president at Nomura Holding America, Inc. and the chairman, chief executive officer, and president at Nomura Securities International, Inc. since June 1, 2011. 
Atsushi Yoshikawa served as Regional Chief Executive Officer of Americas at Nomura Holding America, Inc. since April 1, 2012 and as its Executive Vice President. 
== References ==
{{Category:Bios - Executives]]
Category:Nomura Group
Attain Capital Management

Attain Capital Management is a Chicago-based, specialized asset management firm that focuses on alternative investment solutions for portfolios such as managed futures. Attain offers managed futures and trading systems brokers as well as financial advisers and consulting services. 
Attain also offers a free managed futures newsletter service, where the company has been increasingly vocal about the bankruptcies, and subsequent shortfalls in customer funds, of MF Global and PFGBest.
In July of 2014, the company's subsidiary Attain Portfolio Advisors launched a new Alternative Investment Family of Funds providing access through a single platform to several commodities-based alternative investment managers. It launched a new web site in tandem at www.attainfunds.com.
== History ==
Attain was founded in 2002 by CEO Jeff Malec and president Walter J. Gallwas. The firm has been focused solely on trading systems and managed futures since its creation. As of 2012, Attain has six registered brokers and manages $204 million. Attain is a CFTC registered independent introducing broker and a member of both the NFA and the Managed Futures Association. 
== Key People ==
*Jeff Malec, CEO and Founding Partner
*Walter Gallwas, President and Founding Partner
*Jeff Eizenberg, VP-Client portfolio Management
== References ==
Category:Futures Commission Merchants
Category:Brokerages
Category:Commodity Pool Operators
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Category:Attain Capital Management
AttentiV Systems Group

AttentiV Systems Group engages in the design, implementation, and provision of software-based business solutions for the financial services and debt management sectors primarily in the United Kingdom.
The company offers its services to banks, building societies, mortgage lenders, leasing companies, and debt collection agencies. AttentiV Systems was formerly known as Lynx Financial Systems and changed its name to AttentiV Systems Group Plc. The company is headquartered in Houghton Regis, the United Kingdom.
== History ==
As of June 27, 2005, Attentiv Systems Group plc is a subsidiary of TietoEnator.
== Products and Services ==
AttentiV Systems Group offers primarily three services: portfolio, summit, and tailored solutions. 
*Portfolio is a software solution for organizations offering asset-backed finance products, personal loans, and debt management. 
*Summit is a software system that supports the selling and administration of mortgages, loans, savings, current accounts, and associated services within the retail banking sector. 
*Tailored solutions are software applications that are designed and built to perform particular tasks within the financial services market.
AttentiV Systems Group also provides a package of services to complement its business systems, covering project management, training, implementation support, business and technical consultancy, change management, systems support, and an outsourcing capability through its Synergy managed service operation.
== Key People ==
*David Webber, Chief Executive Officer and Director
*Philip B. Wood, Company Secretary 
== References ==
Atticus Capital

Atticus Capital is an activist investment management firm that invests in global securities markets on behalf of major institutions, endowments, pension funds, and private investors. Founded by Timothy Barakett in 1995, Atticus is headquartered in New York with an office in London. 
Thomson Reuters news service reported in September of 2008 that the hedge fund lost over $5 billion in 2008 alone thanks to a 32.9 percent loss in its $7 billion Atticus European fund from the start of the year to the end of August and a 25 percent fall in its Atticus Global fund. Atticus, which views itself as a long-term investor, had delivered a strong performance in recent years.Atticus denied rumors that it would liquidate its positions and close down. 
Atticus and fellow hedge fund The Children's Investment Fund jointly control around 19 percent of the voting rights in the Deutsche Boerse. In October of 2008, TCI wrote a letter seeking the removal of Deutsche Boerse chairman Kurt Viermetz. TCI and Atticus had previously threatened to call for boardroom changes if Deutsche Boerse didn't urgently consider ways to increase shareholder value. TCI demanded an emergency shareholder meeting to seek the immediate removal of Viermetz from his position.Within weeks, Viermetz announced he would step down.Atticus officials said they were pleased by Viermetz's decision to resign from the supervisory board of Deutsche Boerse. 
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
The firm typically employs a merger arbitrage, event driven, and risk arbitrage strategy to make its investments. 
 
== Key People ==
*Founder, Timothy Barakett
== References ==
Category:Hedge Funds
Atul Pawar

__NOTOC__ 
Atul Pawar currently serves as chief risk officer at Clear Street. He joined Clear Street in July 2024 after two decades with Goldman Sachs.
== Background ==
While with Goldman Sachs, Pawar focused on prime brokerage, execution and clearing and Futures Commission Merchant (FCM) in the Global Banking and Markets Division, where he oversaw market and liquidity risk in portfolios across various asset classes, such as equity, commodities, fixed income credit, rates and foreign exchange. Before managing the risk team, Pawar was a member of Goldman Sachs’ Strategies Group, where he led the effort of building portfolio analytics and stress tests.
== Education ==
Pawar earned a BS in computer science from the College of Engineering, Pune (COEP) Technological University in 2002, an MS in computer science/bio-informatics in 2004 from Binghampton University and an MS in computational finance from Carnegie Mellon - Tepper School of Business in 2009.
== References ==	
Category:Goldman Sachs - Former Employees
Aubrey G. Lanston

__NOTOC__ 
Aubrey G. Lanston was a former assistant to the Secretary of the Treasury and founder of bond broker Aubrey G. Lanston & Co.. Lanston founded the company in 1949, by 1957 it was given designation as a primary dealer for treasury securities by the Federal Reserve. Lanston traded directly with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Open Market Desk, underwrote U.S. Treasury auctions, and made markets in U.S. Treasury and Federal Agency obligations. 
 
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:U.S. Treasury Department
Category:Deceased