nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Alf Vanags

Alf Vanags (Alfreds Helmuts Vanags) was a Latvian-British economist. Born in Riga in 1942, he grew up and received his education in London, where his parents settled after leaving Latvia as refugees in 1944. After graduating from the London School of Economics, he commenced his academic career at Queen Mary University of London. Alf Vanags returned to Latvia in the early 1990s to join the EuroFaculty and the Stockholm School of Economics in Riga. 
In 2001, he founded a research center in Riga named the Baltic International Centre for Economic Policy Studies (BICEPS). Alf Vanags was a founding editor of the Baltic Journal of Economics. He frequently provided expert commentary on the Latvian economy in prominent media outlets. Since 2017, a series of regular memorial lectures have been held in honor of Alf Vanags. Speakers for these lectures have included Erik Berglöf, John Broome, Francis Kramarz, and Ruben Enikolopov .
Category:1942 births
Category:People from Riga
Category:Latvian people
Category:Alumni of the London School of Economics
Category:Alumni of Queen Mary University of London
Category:Economists
Category:2016 deaths
Alfonso López Chaar

Alfonso López Chaar, otherwise known as Papiño, was the mayor of Dorado, He was born on September 19, 1939 in Vega Baja, Puerto Rico to Alfonso López García and Matilde Chaar Tridas. 
Papiño attended the Jacinto López Martínez school in the town and, because there was no high school in Dorado, he studied at José Nevárez Landrón in Toa Baja. Later, he studied at the University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras campus. Shortly after, he began working as a physical education teacher at the Jacinto López Martínez elementary school. The educational center where he received his education, became his first experience as a public servant. 
Before becoming a public servant, he worked in the Capitol in the office with Don Ernesto Ramos Antonini, as a cashier at the Dorado Beach hoteland as a cashier at the Banco Popular of Puerto Rico. Papiño, was elected as mayor of Dorado, Puerto Rico for the first time in 1972 and his dedication to the people of Dorado never before seen support amongst the people of Dorado. Many voters crossed party lines to vote for him and Papiño was celebrated as a visionary leader with the ability to lead Dorado towards a bright future. With the solid support of the people of Dorado, he was reelected in 1976, 1980 and 1984 (elections in Puerto Rico are held every 4 years).
With Papiño as mayor, Dorado achieved excellence, leading to the municipality being viewed as an example on the island. There were notable advancements in all areas: social, education, health, infrastructure, economy, housing, sports, art and culture, planning, decoration, and landscaping. Papiño, according to Dorado residents, developed and beautified the city. Among his most significant accomplishments is the opening of the health center, which provides 24 hour care seven days a week, complemented by a visiting nurse program and ambulances equipped with technology and machinery.
Alfonso Lopez Chaar (Papiño) was suceeded by Carlos Alberto Lopez Rivera, the current and longest running mayor of Dorado in 2023.
Category:1939 births
Category:University of Puerto Rico alumni
Category:People from Vega Baja, Puerto Rico
Category:Puerto Rican people
Alfred Brown Osgood

Alfred Brown Osgood (July 16, 1843 - 1911) was an American Christian minister and legislator in Florida.
He was born in Madison, Florida. He worked as a shoemaker and A.M.E. minister.
The Florida State Archives has a copy of his voter registration.https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/284611
The Republican Party had divisions between African American Floridians and northerners who relocated to the state seeking office, derisively termed carpetbaggers.
A Republican he represented Madison and served in 1868 until 1874 and in 1879, 1883, and 1885. He also served in the state senate in 1875 and 1877.
==References==
Category:American people
Category:American ministers
Category:Legislators in the United States
Alfred C. Williams

Alfred C. Williams (July 8, 1951 - August 4, 2015) was a lawyer and state legislator in Louisiana. He was a Democrat. He studied at Southern University. He represented Baton Rouge in the Louisiana House of Representatives from 2011 until his death. A Democrat he represented District 61. He was an alumnus of Capitol High School in Baton Rouge and graduated from Southern University with a B.A. in 1972 and from Southern's Law School in 1977. He served on the Baton Rouge Parish School Board and was part of Baton Rouge Mayor Kip Holden’s administration.
Category:1951 births
Category:Southern University alumni
Category:Lawyers
Category:Legislators
Category:2015 deaths
Alfred Cookman Morgan

Alfred Cookman (A.C.) Morgan (1876-1931) was an American zoologist and entomologist. The only child to his parents, Isaac Jefferson Morgan and Isaac's first wife Rajinie "Janie" (Cannon) Morgan.
Morgan worked for the U.S. Bureau of Entomology in Florida and describing several new species of thrips, investigating pest control for tobacco plants and publishing several articles throughout his career. Morgan attended and graduated from Cornell University in the early 20th century. He married Stella Rocelia Thayer (1876 - 1961) in 1906 in Brooklyn, New York. 
== Discovered Species ==
* Echinothrips americanus, 1913 
Category:1876 births
Category:1931 deaths
Category:American zoologists
Category:American entomologists
Category:People from Seaford, Delaware
Alfred Costella

Alfred Costella is the fictional character in the film Everybody Dies by the End. He's an obnoxious film director who's obsessed with his own power to create his last movie. Costella was created by Ian Tripp and portrayed by Vinny Curran.
==Character==
The character Alfred Costella is a short-tempered, erratic, egotistical and nihilistic film director, who's obsessed with finishing his final film, Everybody Dies by the End. His previous films such as Battery Acid and Kill Time have created a sense of notoriety around his filmmaking process. Costella is a foul individual who thrives on having control in every situation and no one tells him when he's wrong. He's a bully and a narcissist with mercurial tendencies.
==Reception==
Kat Hughes at The Hollywood News said that "Costella’s mantra ‘accept, celebrate, immortalise’ has chilling connotations." JP Nunez at Horror Obsessive said he is "as lovable as ever." Anton Bitel at Projected Figures claimed he is "brilliantly exposed in all his aggressive schlubbiness". S. Rockwood at Set The Tape said "Al is a prima donna who swings from joviality to fury." David and Tara Court at Ginger Nuts of Horror wrote "If you think Tippi Hedren suffered at the hands of Hitchcock, you ain’t seen nothing yet."
Category:Film directors
Category:Fictional characters
Alfred Eric Brennand

Alfred Eric Brennand was born on the 25th of November 2005 in Lancaster, England. He was born to his mother Claire Brennand and father Andrew Brennand. He also has a twin sister called Audrey Brennand.
Alfred is commonly known in both the Blood Bowl and Star Wars: X-Wing Miniatures Game communities for his extraordinary talent. He is often referred to in the Blood Bowl community as being an upcoming star with potential to be the greatest player of all time. He has been dominating adult players since just 8 years old.
==References==
Alfred's public "X" (formerly "Twitter") account: https://x.com/BrennandAlfred?t=uNHgtwzB9WyL1dNRJAw2cg&s=09
Alfred's "Instagram" profile: https://instagram.com/alfredbrennand?igshid=NjIwNzIyMDk2Mg==
Alfred's Blood Bowl official tournament website: https://tourplay.net/en/blood-bowl/lunecaster-bbl-season-2/honours
Category:2005 births
Category:People from Lancashire
Category:British people
Alfred Huang

Alfred Huang (Born October 29, 1921, in Shanghai, China, immigrated to the United States, 1980) is a professor of Taoist philosophy, former Dean of Students at Shanghai University, and the founder of Pure Land of Peace and Harmony in Hawaiihttps://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/huang-alfred-1921. He spent the years 1949-1966 vacillating between house arrest and imprisonment after being accused by the Chinese government of being a first-class counter-revolutionary rightist. He was released in 1979 and emigrated to the United States in 1980https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/huang-alfred-1921.
Category:1921 births
Category:Chinese people
Category:American people
Alfred Leroy Burt

Alfred Leroy Burt (28 November 1888 - 21 June 1971) was a key figure in Canadian historical scholarship in the early twentieth century.
== Life and career ==
Burt was born in 1888 in Listowel, Ontario and graduated from the University of Toronto in 1910. He studied at Corpus Christi College, Oxford as a Rhodes Scholarship. He taught at the University of Alberta from 1913 to 1930. During the First World War numerous University of Alberta professors and instructors left teaching to serve in the Canadian military. Burt was one of these joining the First Canadian Tank Battalion in early 1918. He also played a role in the Khaki University for Canadian soldiers overseas from 1917 until his return to Canada in 1919.Lewis H. Thomas. The Renaissance of Canadian History: A Biography of A.L. Burt. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1975. pp. 29-35.
In 1930, after some years as Head of the Department of History at the University of Alberta, Burt became professor of History at the University of Minnesota.Thomas. p. 121. He retired in 1957 as an emeritus and served as a visiting professor at Carleton University, the University of Chicago, and the University of Manitoba.
Burt won the J. B. Tyrrell Historical Medal in 1946.Thomas. p. 143.
Burt was a key figure in Historiography of Canada scholarship in the 1920s and 1930s. His writing placed emphasis on Canada's international relations, the importance of a better understanding between French and English in Canada, and the significance of western Canada in the development of the nation.
Burt also emphasized the importance of original research using source materials. He was one of a growing list of scholars who reshaped the writing of Canadian history through the scrutiny and evaluation of archival documents.Carl Berger. The Writing of Canadian History: Aspects of English-Canadian Historical Writing Since 1900 (Second Edition). Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1986. p. 30.
Category:1888 births
Category:1971 deaths
Category:Canadian people
Category:University of Toronto alumni
Alfred N. Sack

Alfred N. Sack (1898 - 1969) was the proprietor of film distribution, production, and theater owning business Sack Amusements. Its business included many films starring African American casts, so-called race films. He worked with his brother Lester. They were Jewish. Sack dsitributed several Oscar Micheaux films. They also partnered with Spencer Williams on several films.
The brothers purchased the Lucas Theatre in Dallas, Texas. Sack secured a deal woth RKO to distribute four 2-reel films of "Negro spirituals".
They re-released some films.
==Filmography==
*St. Louis Blues (1929)
*The Black King (1932)
*She Devil (1934), distributor
*Princess Tam Tam (1935), distributor, a French film adaptation of Pygmalion blocked from major distribution channels by censors in the U.S.
*The Broken Earth (1936)
*Underworld (1937), distributor
*Harlem on the Prairie (1937), distributor
*Policy Man (1938)
*Two-Gun Man from Harlem (1938), distributor
*Harlem Rides the Range (1939)
*The Devil's Daughter (1939)
*Midnight Shadow (1939)
*Moon Over Harlem (1939)
*The Bronze Buckaroo (1939)
*Lying Lips (1939)
*Gang War (1940 film)
*Son of Ingagi (1940)
*The Blood of Jesus (1941), distributor
*Beale Street Mama (1946)
*Juke Joint (film) (1947)
*The Girl in Room 20 (1949)
*Go Down, Death! (1944)
*Harlem Hot Shots (film) 
*Dirty Gertie from Harlem U.S.A. (1946)
==References==
==External links==
* Alfred N. Sack on imdb
* Sack Amusement Enterprises - NMAAHC Collections
* Dance | Alexander Street, a ProQuest Company
Category:1898 births
Category:1969 deaths
Category:Film distributors
Category:Film distribution
Category:Film production
Category:Theatre
Category:American people
Category:American film producers
Alfred Shapere

Alfred Shapere is a theoretical physicist and a Professor at University of Kentucky, U.S.A.
==Biography==
Alfred Shapere received his A.B. in Mathematics from Harvard University in 1984 and Ph.D. in Physics from University of California, Santa Barbara in 1988. He was a Member of Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton (1998-91) and a postdoctoral associate at Cornell University (1991-94) before joining the faculty of the Department of Physics and Astronomy at University of Kentucky. He was a Visiting Professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (200-2001) and Member of Institute of Advanced Study (2007-2008, 2021-2022). He served as the Chair of the department from 2017-21.
==Legacy==
Shapere has worked in many areas of theoretical physics. His Ph.D. work dealt with self propulsion in fluids at low Reynolds number. His work in early 1990's provided one of the earliest indications of duality symmetry in String Theory and clarified the statistical mechanics of extremal black holes. His subsequent work dealt with non-perturbative aspects of supersymmetric gauge theories, conformal field theories and signatures of large extra dimensions. He is one of the pioneers in the field of Time Crystals.
==Awards and Honors==
Shapere was awarded a Sloan Research Fellowship in 1995.
== Selected bibliography ==
* 
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*
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Category:Theoretical physicists
Category:Professors
Category:Harvard University alumni
Alfred Zerfas

Alfred John Zerfas AO MD MRCP MPH PHD (born 10 November 1935) is an Australian public health expert known for designing and leading national health surveys in the developing world. In 2023, he received the Member of the Order of Australia Award for his “significant service to international community health and nutrition as an epidemiologist."
==Early Life==
Alfred Zerfas was born in Melbourne, Australia. Notable relatives include his sister, Joyce Evans, an Australian photographer and recipient of the Medal of the Order of Australia Award (OAM), and his cousin, Alan Finkel, the Australian neuroscientist, inventor, researcher, entrepreneur, educator, policy advisor, and philanthropist and recipient of the Companion of the Order of Australia Award (CAM). 
==Education and Early Career==
Alfred Zerfas completed his medical training at University of Melbourne and left Australia for India to take his first job as a doctor at a leprosy clinic. After his time in India, he joined the Royal College of Physicians of London, and then the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. Later, he completed a Masters of Public Health at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and a Doctor of Philosophy in Epidemiology at the UCLA Fielding School of Public Health.
==Career==
Alfred Zerfas worked in twenty-five countries in Africa, the Middle East and Asia for governments, non-profit organizations and academic institutions as a public health doctor, international nutritionist, epidemiologist, educator and researcher. He invented and produced the first Mid Upper Arm Circumference or MUAC Insertion Tape,, which is still a standard tool for nutrition screening, surveys and surveillance used by governments and relief agencies for primary health care, child survival and in emergencies. The MUAC Insertion Tape is commonly referred to as the “Zerfas Insertion Tape” 
Category:1935 births
Category:Australian public health doctors
Category:People from Melbourne
Alfredo Santana

Alfredo Jose Santana (born 08 April 1991) is a Puerto Rican distance runner specializing in the 1500 metres up to the 10,000 metres. 
==Career==
Alfredo Jose Santana was born in Arecibo, Puerto Rico and raised in Philadelphia, USA where he attended La Salle University and ran NCAA Division 1 Track & Field. He graduated in 2014 when he began training under Derek Thompson. In Fall 2021 he started getting coached by Donn Cabral.
 
Category:1991 births
Category:Puerto Rican long-distance runners
Algeria

A nation in North Africa, Algeria is officially known as the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. It is located in the Maghreb area. Tunisia borders the country on the northeastern side, while Libya borders it on the east, and Niger borders it on the southeast, while Mali, Mauritania, and Western Sahara border it on the southwest, and Morocco borders it on the west. The Mediterranean Sea borders it on the north and west, respectively. A semi-arid climate characterises the nation, with the majority of the people residing in the fertile north and the Sahara dominating the topography of the country's southern region. Algeria has a land size of 2,381,741 square kilometres (919,595 square miles), making it the tenth biggest country in the world in terms of land area. African has a population of 44 million people, making it the tenth most populated nation in the continent. Algiers, the country's capital and biggest city, is situated in the country's extreme northernmost region on the Mediterranean coast.
Algeria is a developing nation that ranks 91st on the Human Development Index, making it the highest-ranking non-island African country in the world. According to Algerian politics, the country is a regional power in Northern Africa and a medium power in international affairs, with its military being one of the biggest in Africa. As of 2020, it will have the fourth-largest economy on the continent, which will be based mostly on energy exports. It has the sixteenth-largest oil reserves and the ninth-largest natural gas reserves in the world, respectively. However, severe shortages, economic divides, and social inequities are all too common in today's world. With local constituencies consisting of 58 provinces and 1,541 communes, Algeria is a semi-presidential republic with a presidential system of government. Africa Union, Arab League, Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), United Nations, and Arab Maghreb Union (of which it is a founding member) are among the organisations to which it belongs.
Category:Algeria
Category:North African countries
Category:Maghrebi countries
Category:Saharan countries
Algocoin

Algocoin is a project that coined the term "Algorithmic Competition Offering(s)". An algorithmic competition offering allows people to compete and submit optimal solutions for a price sum in relation to solving a computationally-difficult, yet easy to verify the problem. It is based on the concepts of verifiable computing and NP-completeness. The project was started by Andrew Kamal as a predecessor to a project Andrew is building with his friend and research colleague Dominic.
==References==
==External links==
* Official website
Category:Coins
Category:Algorithms
Algorithm

An algorithm is a finite series of well-defined instructions that is often used to solve a class of specialised problems or to execute a calculation in mathematics and computer science. Algorithms are used to specify how computations and data processing will be carried out and stored. Machine learning algorithms may make automatic deductions (also known as automated reasoning) and employ mathematical and logical tests to redirect the code along multiple pathways by using artificial intelligence (referred to as automated decision-making). Alan Turing was the first to use human traits as descriptors of computers in a metaphorical manner, using terminology such as "memory," "search," and "stimulus" to describe machines.
A heuristic, on the other hand, is a problem-solving strategy that is not completely stated and does not guarantee right or optimum solutions, particularly in problem domains where there is no well-defined correct or ideal conclusion, such as in optimization problems.
An algorithm is a technique for computing a function that can be stated in a limited amount of space and time, as well as in a well-defined formal language. It is a method that is efficient. The instructions describe a computation that, when run, continues through a limited number of well-defined subsequent stages, finally creating "output" and terminating at a final ending state. The instructions begin with an initial state and initial input (which may be empty). A predictable movement from one state to another is not always the case; certain algorithms, known as randomised algorithms, include random input into their computations.
Category:Algorithms
Category:Mathematical logic
Category:Theoretical computer science
Alhaji Nasiru Haladu Danu

Alhaji Nasiru Haladu Danu is a Nigerian billionaire businessman, politician, and philanthropist. He is a player in the Oil and Gas sector of the country and a reputable member of the National Executive Committee (NEC) of the All Progressives Congress (APC), the ruling political party that assumed power in 2015 breaking the record for an opposition party to defeat an incumbent.
== His Business ==
He is known as a businessman spanning over a decade with interests mainly in government contracting. The Chairman of Casiva Limited, a company based in the country.
Alhaji Nasiru is also the Chairman, HLSI Security Systems and Technologies, a company owned by Israeli based Mitrelli Group and part of Mitrelli’s security branch. The company which was formerly known as LR Group, a company established in 1985 by three Israeli Air Force pilots.
Nasiru Danu has been reputed for his early start and interest in business which over the years that also earned him a place among 100 Most Influential Nigerians in 2017. His stint in business put him alongside renowned African business leaders like Aliko Dangote, the Group Chairman of Dangote Group Plc, Tony Elumelu, Chairman Heirs Holdings, Transcorp and Tony Elumelu Foundation.
==Philanthropy==
His foundation known as The Nasiru Haladu Danu Medical Mission Foundation has engaged in philanthropic projects like the free medical mission in Dutse, Jigawa State capital where about 5,000 people including men, women and children received medical attention from American medical specialists.
==References==
==External links==
*Alhaji Nasiru Haladu Danu on Linkedin
*Alhaji Nasiru Haladu Danu at Casiva Limited
Category:Living people
Category:People from Jigawa State
Category:20th-century Nigerian politicians
Category:21st-century Nigerian politicians
Category:All Progressives Congress Member
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Nigerian businesspeople
Category:Nigerian politicians
Category:Nigerian philanthropists