Style guide

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The purpose of this page is to document a "manual of style" that should be used for all entries on HemOnc.org. If you're looking for more general information on how to make edits in Mediawiki, visit this page. If you're looking for a general overview of the site, visit this page. As outlined in the HemOnc.org philosophy, it is important for the overall user experience to adhere to a consistent format for pages and entries because it makes it easier for people to find information. It also contributes to safety by communicating information about treatment regimens in a standard and unambiguous way. It's understood that, due to the ever-evolving nature of this website, some pages will have older formatting, but it is expected that existing pages will gradually be transitioned to the standard format, and all pages moving forward will be created following these guidelines.
HemOnc.org is collaborative, and suggestions for revisions to the style guide are welcome. The style guide will always be a work in progress.
=Introduction=
If you've found this page, chances are you're considering making edits to HemOnc.org. Thank you in advance! The goal of this page is to provide guidance on a uniform style across the site. As with many knowledge base endeavors, HemOnc.org has grown organically and the style has evolved over time. In fact, parts of this style guide are/will be outdated, although we do our best to keep the recommendations here concordant with our current best practice. Future work will include adding more templates here, to make it easier to create your own content on the site.
If you're looking for templates for treatment regimens, click this link.
=General conventions=
The formatting guidance in this section applies to all pages on HemOnc.org. The information below is pertinent to specific types of pages.
==Dates==
All dates on HemOnc.org should be expressed in ISO 8601 format, as follows:
*Year only: YYYY (example: 2023)
*Year and month: YYYY-MM (example: 2023-01)
*Year, month, and day: YYYY-MM-DD (example: 2023-01-01)
=Drug index=
==Alphabetical list of medications==
The primary organization of this page is alphabetical, by (preferred) generic name. There is a separate heading for each letter A-Z for which there is at least one medication. 
===Examples===
*Acyclovir (Zovirax)
*Afatinib (BIBW 2992) in clinical trials 
Standard format for this page is as follows:
*[[Generic name (Brand name)]] FDA approved YYYY-MM-DD or in clinical trials (see notes) 
Medications are listed alphabetically in the drug index by their generic name, with--preferentially--the most common brand name in parentheses, which is usually the predominant United States brand name. Medications which are not yet FDA approved should have a bold in clinical trials after it. Medications which do not yet have generic or brand names can have placeholder entries based on their pharmaceutical company code name, with updates based on generic names and brand names when they become available. So, for example, a preliminary entry may be:
*[[MDV3100]] in clinical trials
When a generic name is available, the entry on the drug index and the medication's information page--if it exists--will be updated:
*[[Enzalutamide (MDV3100)]] in clinical trials
The older "MDV3100" page should be redirected to "Enzalutamide (MDV3100)" via the Move function, which is in the downward pointing triangle menu to the right of "view history" at the top of the page. When the medication gets approved by the FDA, its drug index entry and name of the medication page should again be updated:
*[[Enzalutamide (Xtandi)]] FDA approved 2012-08-31
The FDA approved label remains in place for medications that have been FDA approved since the beginning of the prior year. Specifically, if the current year was 2018, all medications that have been FDA approved since 2017-01-01 will be labeled with the approval date. This choice was made rather than, say, within the last year, to facilitate these updates being made in batches rather than continuously year-round. The labels are also removed so as not to clutter up the page too much. For example, imatinib, which was FDA approved in 2001, simply appears as:
*[[Imatinib (Gleevec)]]
===Drugs in preclinical or early phase clinical trials===
Given that most early phase drugs will not ultimately be approved, one should exercise caution before adding these drugs to the drug index. The only drugs which are in development that should be added are the ones with promising clinical data already presented; for example, drugs featured in plenary sessions at ASCO or ASH and described in phase I or II trials published in high impact journals.
It is also difficult to tell if a drug has officially been dropped from further development, so updating drugs in clinical trials is difficult. If you are certain that a drug has been discontinued from development, you can remove it from the medication list and make a note on the medication page.
===Drugs that have lost FDA approval===
A prime example was Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg), which was withdrawn from the US market for approximately 7 years. These withdrawn drugs may remain on the drug index because the information could still be useful to someone looking at older literature and because they may still be investigated in other studies to evaluate them for new indications, leading to re-listing as was the case with gemtuzumab ozogamicin. These should be denoted:
*[[Lepirudin (Refludan)]] discontinued
==List of medications by category==
This section of the [drug index] page was created prior to the extensive use of Mediawiki semantic tags, and will eventually be removed. The same information can be found by starting at the top of the drugs category page.
==Interesting and helpful links==
This list is currently unordered and could use some refinement.
=Medication pages=
==General information==
This section should contain a brief description of the class/mechanism of the drug, either in your own words or borrowed (with attribution) from a public site such as Wikipedia or the NCI Drug Dictionary.
==General information==
Class/mechanism: Short description about the medication's class and mechanism of action, written in your own words. Try to use information contained within the package insert--if available--for this information.<ref name=insert>Generic_name (Brand_name) package insert</ref><ref>[[:File:Generic_name.pdf | Generic_name (Brand_name) package insert (locally hosted backup)]]</ref><ref>Brand_name manufacturer's website</ref>
Route: IV, PO, SC, IM, IT, nasal, NG, GT, topical, transdermal, sublingual, intraocular, rectal, intravesicular, intralesional
Extravasation: no information, none, n/a (e.g. for oral medications), [[vesicant]], and/or [[irritant]]
For conciseness and simplicity, HemOnc.org currently will focus on treatment regimens and not list information such as: renal/hepatic dose adjustments, metabolism (including CYP450), excretion, monitoring parameters (although this will be considered for checklists), or manufacturer. Instead, for the most current information, please refer to your preferred pharmacopeias such as Micromedex, Lexicomp, or the prescribing information.<ref name="insert"></ref>
==Diseases for which it is used==
This section should contain a list of all the diseases for which there is some demonstrated degree of efficacy for the particular medication, as monotherapy or in a regimen. This is 'not the same as FDA approved indications, which are only a minority of potential indications (see below).
==Diseases for which it is used==
*[[Bladder cancer]]
*[[Breast cancer]]
*[[Cervical cancer]]
*[[Esophageal cancer]]
*[[Gastric cancer]]
*[[Classical Hodgkin lymphoma]]
*[[Melanoma]]
==Patient drug information==
This section should contain links of direct relevance to patients, including package inserts and patient-specific drug information.
==Patient drug information==
*Generic_name (Brand_name) package insert PDF pages 10-12<ref name="insert"></ref>
*Patient counseling information can be found on page 8 of the Generic_name (Brand_name) package insert<ref name="insert"></ref>
*Generic_name (Brand_name) patient drug information (Chemocare)<ref>Generic_name (Brand_name) patient drug information (Chemocare)</ref>
*Generic_name (Brand_name) patient drug information (UpToDate)<ref>Generic_name (Brand_name) patient drug information (UpToDate)</ref>
==History of changes in FDA indication==
This section should quote FDA approvals verbatim, along with the date that they were issued. A link to the press announcement is optional, mostly because the FDA archives these links after several years so that they are no longer active. Optional but highly desired are page tags within the approval statement itself, as shown in the below example from the Trastuzumab (Herceptin) page. A useful site to get information about FDA approval histories is here.
==History of changes in FDA indication==
*1998-09-25: Initial FDA approval as a single agent for treatment of patients with metastatic [[Breast_cancer,_HER2-positive|breast cancer whose tumors overexpress the HER2 protein]] and who have received one or more chemotherapy regimens for their metastatic disease.
*2002-08-28: Label revised: trastuzumab in combination with [[Paclitaxel (Taxol) | paclitaxel]] is indicated for treatment of patients with metastatic [[Breast_cancer,_HER2-positive| breast cancer whose tumors overexpress the HER2 protein]] and who have not received chemotherapy for their metastatic disease.
*2006-11-16: Label revised: trastuzumab as part of a treatment regimen containing [[Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) | doxorubicin]], [[Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) | cyclophosphamide]], and [[Paclitaxel (Taxol) | paclitaxel]] is indicated for the adjuvant treatment of patients with [[Breast_cancer,_HER2-positive|HER2-overexpressing, node-positive breast cancer]].
*2008-01-18: Labeling simplified: indicated for the treatment of [[Breast_cancer,_HER2-positive|HER2 overexpressing breast cancer]].
*2010-10-20: Label expanded to include the treatment of HER2-overexpressing metastatic [[Gastric cancer | gastric]] or [[Esophageal cancer | gastroesophageal junction]] adenocarcinoma.
==Synonyms==
This section should be structured so that entries are under one of the following categories: code name(s); generic name(s); brand name(s). One source that can be used for this information is: https://www.mediguard.org/medication/facts-figures; sort and reformat the lists by copy and pasting the list to: https://sortmylist.com/
Example from the Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) page:
==Also known as==
*Code names: MK-3475, SCH 900475
*Generic names: lambrolizumab
*Brand name: Keytruda
==References==
This section header should live at the bottom of the page so that any references (e.g., package insert) can be found here.
==References==
<references/>
==Categories==
We use semantic Mediawiki tags to categorize drugs by several axes; this information feeds the drug categorization tree as well as the HemOnc.org ontology. All drugs should be categorized at a minimum to the top level Drugs category. Ideally, they should also be categorized by route(s) of administration, mechanism(s) of action, target protein(s) if a small molecule inhibitor or monoclonal antibody, disease(s) for which they are used, and approval status. Below is a non-exhaustive list of some of the category tags that may be helpful.
[[Category:Drugs]]
[[Category:Intramuscular medications]]
[[Category:Intrathecal medications]]
[[Category:Intravenous medications]]
[[Category:Intravesical chemotherapy]]
[[Category:Oral medications]]
[[Category:Subcutaneous medications]]
[[Category:Neutral]]
[[Category:Irritant]]
[[Category:Vesicant]]
[[Category:Investigational drugs]]
[[Category:Discontinued drugs]]
[[Category:FDA approved in yyyy]]
[[Category:EMA approved in yyyy]]
[[Category:Health Canada approved in yyyy]]
[[Category:PMDA approved in yyyy]]
[[Category:NMPA approved in yyyy]]
[[Category:KFDA approved in yyyy]]
[[Category:Aurora kinase inhibitors]]
[[Category:AKT1 inhibitors]]
[[Category:ALK inhibitors]]
[[Category:Bcr-Abl inhibitors]]
[[Category:BRAF inhibitors]]
[[Category:BTK inhibitors]]
[[Category:CDK9 inhibitors]]
[[Category:EGFR inhibitors]]
[[Category:FGFR inhibitors]]
[[Category:FLT3 inhibitors]]
[[Category:HDAC inhibitors]]
[[Category:IGF inhibitors]]
[[Category:JAK inhibitors]]
[[Category:KIT inhibitors]]
[[Category:LYN inhibitors]]
[[Category:MEK inhibitors]]
[[Category:MET inhibitors]]
[[Category:mTOR inhibitors]]
[[Category:PDGFR inhibitors]]
[[Category:PIK3CA inhibitors]]
[[Category:PLK1 inhibitors]]
[[Category:RET inhibitors]]
[[Category:ROS1 inhibitors]]
[[Category:SRC inhibitors]]
[[Category:SYK inhibitors]]
[[Category:TEK inhibitors]]
[[Category:VEGFR inhibitors]]
[[Category:Hedgehog pathway inhibitors]]
[[Category:SMO inhibitors]]
[[Category:Chemotherapeutic]]
[[Category:Alkylating agents]]
[[Category:Anthracyclines]]
[[Category:Human DNA synthesis inhibitors]]
[[Category:Enzymes]]
[[Category:Nitrogen mustards]]
[[Category:Nitrosoureas]]
[[Category:Nucleic acid analogs]]
[[Category:Platinum agents]]
[[Category:Proteasome inhibitors]]
[[Category:Taxanes]]
[[Category:Microtubule inhibitors]]
[[Category:Topoisomerase inhibitors]]
[[Category:Vinca alkaloids]]
[[Category:Antimetabolites]]
[[Category:Antifolates]]
[[Category:Purine analogs]]
[[Category:Pyrimidine analogs]]
[[Category:Endocrine therapeutic]]
[[Category:Antiandrogens]]
[[Category:Androgen receptor inhibitors]]
[[Category:5 alpha-reductase inhibitors]]
[[Category:GnRH agonists]]
[[Category:GnRH antagonists]]
[[Category:Aromatase inhibitors]]
[[Category:Estrogen receptor inhibitors]]
[[Category:Selective estrogen receptor modulators]]
[[Category:Steroid synthesis inhibitors]]
[[Category:Immunotherapeutic]]
[[Category:Antibody-drug conjugates]]
[[Category:Anti-CD38 antibodies]]
[[Category:Anti-CTLA-4 medications]]
[[Category:Anti-HER2 medications]]
[[Category:Anti-PD-1 medications]]
[[Category:Cytokine therapy]]
[[Category:IL-6 inhibitors]]
[[Category:Calcineurin inhibitors]]
[[Category:Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs)]]
[[Category:Retinoids]]
[[Category:Steroids]]
[[Category:Bisphosphonates]]
[[Category:RANK ligand inhibitors]]
[[Category:Somatostatin analogs]]
[[Category:Antibacterials]]
[[Category:Antifungals]]
[[Category:Antivirals]]
[[Category:PCP prophylaxis]]
[[Category:Emesis prevention]]
[[Category:Neurokinin 1 (NK1) antagonists]]
[[Category:Serotonin 5-HT3 antagonists]]
[[Category:Chemotherapy protective agents]]
[[Category:Radiotherapy medications]]
[[Category:Alpha emitters]]
[[Category:Anticoagulants]]
[[Category:Antiplatelet agents]]
[[Category:Heparins]]
[[Category:Low molecular weight heparins]]
[[Category:Vitamin K antagonists]]
[[Category:Direct thrombin inhibitors]]
[[Category:Factor Xa inhibitors]]
[[Category:P2Y12 ADP inhibitors]]
[[Category:Vitamins]]
[[Category:Iron]]
[[Category:Hemostasis medications]]
[[Category:Coagulation factors]]
[[Category:Fibrinolysis inhibitors]]
[[Category:Vasopressin analogs]]
[[Category:Phosphodiesterase inhibitors]]
[[Category:Cyclooxygenase inhibitors]]
[[Category:Chelators]]
[[Category:Hematopoietic growth factors]]
[[Category:Erythrocyte growth factors]]
[[Category:Granulocyte growth factors]]
[[Category:Megakaryocyte growth factors]]
[[Category:Solid oncology medications]]
[[Category:Anal cancer medications]]
[[Category:Basal cell and squamous cell skin cancer medications]]
[[Category:Bladder cancer medications]]
[[Category:Bone sarcoma medications]] 
[[Category:Breast cancer medications]]
[[Category:Cancer of unknown primary medications]] 
[[Category:Central nervous system (CNS) cancer medications]]
[[Category:Cervical cancer medications]]
[[Category:Colon cancer medications]]
[[Category:Esophageal cancer medications]]
[[Category:Gastric cancer medications]]
[[Category:Head and neck cancer medications]]
[[Category:Hepatobiliary cancer medications]]
[[Category:Melanoma medications]] 
[[Category:Malignant pleural mesothelioma medications]]
[[Category:Non-small cell lung cancer medications]]
[[Category:Neuroendocrine tumor medications]]
[[Category:Ovarian cancer medications]]
[[Category:Pancreatic cancer medications]] 
[[Category:Penile cancer medications]] 
[[Category:Prostate cancer medications]]
[[Category:Rectal cancer medications]]
[[Category:Renal_cell_carcinoma medications]]
[[Category:Soft tissue sarcoma medications]] 
[[Category:Small cell lung cancer medications]]
[[Category:Testicular cancer medications]]
[[Category:Thymoma medications]]
[[Category:Thyroid cancer medications]]
[[Category:Endometrial cancer medications]]
[[Category:Malignant hematology medications]]
[[Category:B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia medications]]
[[Category:Acute myeloid leukemia medications]]
[[Category:Acute promyelocytic leukemia medications]]
[[Category:Aggressive Non-Hodgkin lymphoma medications]]
[[Category:Castleman’s disease medications]]
[[Category:Chronic lymphocytic leukemia medications]]
[[Category:Chronic myeloid leukemia medications]]
[[Category:Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia medications]]
[[Category:CNS lymphoma medications]]
[[Category:Follicular lymphoma medications]]
[[Category:Hairy cell leukemia medications]]
[[Category:HIV-associated lymphoma medications]]
[[Category:Classical Hodgkin lymphoma medications]]
[[Category:Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular lymphocyte-predominant medications]]
[[Category:Light-chain (AL) amyloidosis medications]]
[[Category:Mantle cell lymphoma medications]]
[[Category:Marginal zone lymphoma medications]]
[[Category:Mast cell diseases]]
[[Category:Multiple myeloma medications]]
[[Category:Myelodysplastic syndrome medications]]
[[Category:Myelofibrosis medications]]
[[Category:T-cell lymphoma medications]]
[[Category:Waldenström macroglobulinemia medications]]
[[Category:Aplastic anemia medications]]
[[Category:Essential thrombocythemia medications]]
[[Category:Immune thrombocytopenia medications]]
[[Category:Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria medications]]
[[Category:Polycythemia vera medications]]
=Treatment regimen pages=
The general format of each treatment regimen page is as follows. See the treatment regimen formatting section for specific information about how to describe treatment regimens in a standard way.
==Header==
This section at the top of every page is fairly standardized and should not be altered; the following is an example from the NSCLC page:
[[#top|Back to Top]]
{{#lst:Editorial board transclusions|nsclc}}
Are you looking for a regimen but can't find it here? It is possible that we've moved it to the [[Non-small cell lung cancer_-_historical|historical regimens page]] or to one of the histology-specific, biomarker-specific, or site-specific pages that are linked below. For placebo or observational studies in this condition, please visit [[Non-small cell lung cancer - null regimens|this page]]. If you still can't find it, please let us know so we can add it!.
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-right: 5px; text-align: center"
|-
|Last updated on 2024-07-23:TBA [[Tutorial#Regimens|regimens]] on this page
TBA [[Tutorial#Variants|variants]] on this page
|}
{{TOC limit|limit=3}}
==Guidelines==
Most disease-specific pages now have guidelines, organized by the issuing professional society (or societies). With the exception of NCCN, which are presumed current as the link goes directly to the NCCN webpage, the year that the guideline was issued should be prominent (bolded). The year should be followed by the first author's last name, if one author. If there are two authors, each last name should be listed, separated by "&". If three or more authors, the first author's last name followed by et al. should be used. The title of the guideline should be in sentence case, and a link to the original article in the DOI format should be used, unless a PubMed Central version is available, in which case that is preferred. PubMed links should be provided whenever they are available. Try to avoid linking to guidelines directly on a society page, as these are subject to change and/or deletion with little notice.
Note: due to uncertainty about the stability of NLM .gov resources, we are in the process of moving links to Europe PMC ("EuroPMC") - this guidance will be updated.
Each guideline should be entered in a new line, with a single asterisk for the newest version of the guideline. If there are older versions of the guideline, these should be nested under the newest guideline in reverse chronological order, using double asterisks.
=Guidelines=
Given the rapid change in evidence in many areas of hematology/oncology, readers are encouraged to consider any guideline published 5+ years ago to be for historical purposes, only.
==ASCO==
*2022: Singh et al. Therapy for Stage IV Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Without Driver Alterations: ASCO Living Guideline
**2017: Hanna et al. Systemic therapy for stage IV non–small-cell lung cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline update EuroPMC
*2022: Daly et al. Management of Stage III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: ASCO Guideline
*2020: Schneider et al. Lung Cancer Surveillance After Definitive Curative-Intent Therapy: ASCO Guideline
==NCCN==
*NCCN Guidelines - Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
==Treatment context==
Level 1 headings that contain treatment regimens should be delineated by treatment context, using the following conventions:
*Neoadjuvant: treatment given before a definitive surgical procedure
*Adjuvant: treatment given after a definitive surgical procedure
*Induction: treatment given as part of a course with primary curative intent, whether or not subsequent treatment is surgical (e.g., induction chemotherapy prior to consolidation in AML; induction chemoradiotherapy prior to surgery or consolidation in bladder cancer)
*Definitive: the primary treatment for curative intent; usually surgery but can also include definitive chemoradiotherapy as in for some stage III NSCLC
*Consolidation: treatment given as part of a course for primary curative intent, usually after induction or definitive therapy.
*Upfront: initial treatment given with curative intent (e.g., upfront induction, upfront consolidation, etc.)
*Salvage: subsequent treatment given with curative intent (e.g., salvage induction)
*First-line: initial treatment given with non-curative intent
*Second-line: the next treatment given with non-curative intent after first-line treatment fails
*Third-line: the next treatment given with non-curative intent after second-line treatment fails
*Subsequent line: any line of treatment given with non-curative intent after first-line treatment fails
*All lines: any line of treatment; more granular descriptions are preferred most of the time
==Headings==
If you have any questions about the difference between a level 1, level 2, etc. heading, please go back to the general editing tutorial. On treatment pages, headings have very specific meanings, primarily so that we can successfully parse the content into the HemOnc ontology. Here is a general schema of a treatment page:
=Treatment context #1=
==Regimen #1==
		===Variant and/or protocol indicator===
			====Treatment details organized by modality====
		===References===
==Regimen #2==
		===Variant and/or protocol indicator===
			====Treatment details organized by modality====
		===References===
	==Regimen…==
=Treatment context #2=
	==Regimen…==
=Treatment context…=
===Level 1 headings===
On disease pages, level 1 headings that include treatments should be used to describe a context of therapy. There can be some variability here, which gets normalized by the parser (e.g., adjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant endocrine therapy will both get normalized to adjuvant therapy). Other level 1 headings are allowed but they need to contain at least one forbidden word so that the parser will ignore them:
measuring, quality, links, tests, guidelines, response, statistics, prognosis, investigational, resources, information, references
===Level 2 headings===
If these are nested under a level 1 treatment heading, they should only be used for the regimen or protocol name, following the regimen naming conventions as much as possible. See the section below for more details on regimen names. Optionally, any additional description can be added within [brackets] at the end of the regimen name; this description will be ignored by the parser.
===Level 3 headings===
These are used to convey a specific instruction to the parser – whether the regimen to be extracted is stand-alone, whether it represents a variant, and/or whether it is a part of a multi-part protocol. Stand-alone regimens typically only have one “cycle SIG”. These can have distinct sections, such as sequenced adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Conversely, protocols usually have multiple “cycle SIGs” and can either be entirely contained within one level 2 heading/context, or spread across multiple level 2 headings/contexts and linked together using the “preceding treatment” and “subsequent treatment” level 4 section headers. Variants are considered to be of the same parent regimen and are numbered sequentially, ideally with a descriptor that is separated using a comma:
===Regimen variant #1, <optional descriptor>===
For protocols that are split across multiple treatment contexts defined by the containing level 1 heading, the following syntax should be used:
===Protocol===
===Protocol variant #1, <optional descriptor>===
For protocols with more than one phase within a contextual level 1 heading (e.g., induction/consolidation/maintenance contained within an upfront therapy level 1 heading) the following case-sensitive reserved words may be used in lieu of the word “Protocol”:
*Adjuvant
*Consolidation
*Continuation
*Definitive
*Delayed Intensification
*Induction
*Intensification
*Interim Maintenance
*Maintenance
*Neoadjuvant
*Pre-phase
As above, any additional descriptors must be comma separated.
Level 3 is also used to contain references, and the reference section should always be last, after all the treatment details, as shown in the diagram above.
===Level 4 headings===
These are used to indicate the modality of the components of a regimen or protocol, along with several other special categories.
====Allowed names for level 4 headings====
The following are the allowed names for the level 4 headings (as of October 2022):
=====“Clean” systemic anticancer modalities=====
*Chemotherapy
*Endocrine therapy
*Glucocorticoid therapy
*Immunotherapy
*Targeted therapy
*Tumor treating fields
=====“Messy” systemic anticancer modalities=====
*Antibody-drug conjugate therapy
*Immunotoxin therapy
*Peptide-drug conjugate therapy
*Radioconjugate therapy
=====Localized anticancer modalities=====
*CNS prophylaxis/therapy/treatment
*Intrathecal therapy (prefer to use CNS therapy, instead)
*Local therapy
*Radiotherapy
*Surgery
*Topical therapy
=====Other modalities=====
*Antibiotic therapy
*Anticoagulation
*GVHD prophylaxis
*Hemostasis therapy
*Hormone replacement therapy
*Immunosuppressive therapy
*Supportive therapy
=====Eligibility criteria=====
*Biomarker eligibility criteria
*Eligibility criteria
*Prior treatment criteria
=====Temporal linkers=====
*Preceding treatment
*Subsequent treatment
=====Other=====
*Dose modifications
*Stem cell collection
====Level 4 heading modifiers====
An optional comma-separated descriptor can be added to help a human reader and to guide the parser when building structured representations. If the descriptor is being used to break a regimen into portions, the word "portion" should be used, and the cycles for that portion can be placed within parentheses thereafter.
For example, the ddAC-T regimen:
====Chemotherapy, ddAC portion (cycles 1 to 4)====
====Supportive therapy, ddAC portion (cycles 1 to 4)====
====Chemotherapy, T portion (cycles 5 to 8)====
Sometimes, a complex regimen uses the word "part" to convey the same meaning that we intend with the word "portion"; because part is also used in other ways in the HemOnc temporal model, the preferred syntax should be still to use portion and to report the common name within quotations, for example Hyper-CVAD/MA:
====Chemotherapy, Hyper-CVAD portion (cycles 1, 3, 5, 7; "Part A")====
====Chemotherapy, MA portion (cycles 2, 4, 6, 8; "Part B")====
==Regimen name and acronyms==
We have developed guidelines for regimen naming conventions which can be accessed here. For acronyms, the expansion should be provided below the main header, as shown below. If an acronym has a brand name (e.g., O is commonly used for Oncovin) that brand name should be expanded and the common generic name should be provided in parentheses, for example: Oncovin (Vincristine). Other common variants of the acronyms can also be provided here, as shown below.
Regimens should be listed in alphabetical order within a disease context. Make sure to also include the "back to top" table so that users can easily navigate the page.
==R-ICE==
R-ICE: Rituximab, Ifosfamide, Carboplatin, Etoposide
ICE-R: Ifosfamide, Carboplatin, Etoposide, Rituximab
==Example orders==
If your regimen has example orders (or you would like to create them), the next item within the regimen should be a link to the example orders page:
===Example orders===
*[[Example orders for Regimen_name in Disease_type]]
==Regimen variants==
A variant is a regimen that is substantively similar to another regimen with minor differences e.g. in dosages, routes, or frequencies of administration. For example, we would consider R-CHOP that uses prednisone and R-CHOP that uses prednisolone as variants, not separate regimens. Conversely, R-CVP is considered a completely different regimen than R-CHOP, due to omission of one of the main chemotherapeutics (doxorubicin). There is no absolute rule for what order different variants of a regimen should be listed in within a regimen. One may choose to put the most commonly used version of the regimen at the top, order in reverse chronology, order by increasing dose(s), or just add new ones as successive regimen numbers in the sequence. Ideally, besides numbering the variants, also provide a very succinct description about what makes this variant different than the others under the same regimen heading. 
===Regimen variant #1, 28-day cycles===
[Insert manuscript and efficacy table here]
Comment about variant, if needed.
====Chemotherapy====
*[[Generic name (Brand name)]] 10 mg PO once per day on days 1 to 21
28-day cycles
===Regimen variant #2, 21-day cycles===
[Insert manuscript and efficacy table here]
Comment about variant, if needed.
====Chemotherapy====
*[[Generic name (Brand name)]] 10 mg IV over 60 minutes once on day 1
21-day cycles
=Treatment regimen formatting=
==Instructions==
The following sections get into the nitty-gritty of regimen formatting. If you would like, you can skip straight to the examples.
===Treatment (SIG) formatting===
The standard format for describing a treatment prescription is:
*[[Generic name (Brand name)]] (dose) (units) (route[s]) (time of infusion) (frequency and/or number of times given) (schedule) (order of administration) (special comments)
**Special instructions, such when patients over a certain age receive a reduced dose, or for other needed comments about the use of this specific medication in this regimen. 
If there are clear instructions for different doses/routes/schedules based on time units other than a day (typically these are expressed by cycles or sometimes weeks) use this standard format:
*[[Generic name (Brand name)]] as follows:
**Time interval/cycle A: (dose) (units) (special comments) (route[s]) (time of infusion) (frequency and/or number of times given) (schedule) (order of administration) (special comments)
**Time interval/cycle B: (dose) (units) (special comments) (route[s]) (time of infusion) (frequency and/or number of times given) (schedule) (order of administration) (special comments)
If there are clear instructions for different doses/routes/schedules for a single drug on the same day use this standard format:
*[[Generic name (Brand name)]] by the following split schedule:
**Dose instruction 1: (dose) (units) (special comments) (route[s]) (time of infusion) (frequency and/or number of times given) (schedule) (order of administration) (special comments)
**Dose instruction 2: (dose) (units) (special comments) (route[s]) (time of infusion) (frequency and/or number of times given) (schedule) (order of administration) (special comments)
If there are clear instructions for different doses/routes/schedules based on some criteria other than time (e.g., age, response, creatine clearance, etc.), use this standard format:
*[[Generic name (Brand name)]] by the following (age/laboratory/study/etc-specific) criteria:
**Criterion A: (dose) (units) (special comments) (route[s]) (time of infusion) (frequency and/or number of times given) (schedule) (order of administration) (special comments)
**Criterion B: (dose) (units) (special comments) (route[s]) (time of infusion) (frequency and/or number of times given) (schedule) (order of administration) (special comments)
====Drug name====
Best practice is to make sure that this links to an existing HemOnc.org page, in which case it will appear blue in the default MediaWiki view. If the linked page does not exit, it will appear red.
====Dose====
* Don't use commas for any value less than 10,000.
* If the dose is a fraction of an integer, list up to two digits beyond the decimal point; otherwise do not use a decimal point (e.g., "100" not "100.0")
* If the dose in a manuscript is expressed in grams, convert to milligrams (e.g., "2000" not "2")
* If the dose is given as a range, separate the bounds with the word "to" (e.g., "500 to 600")
====Units====
* Avoid confusing abbreviations (e.g., IU should be spelled out as "international units")
* For micrograms, use the abbreviation "mcg"
* For BSA-based dosing, use the superscript i.e., mg/m2
* For AUC-based dosing, make clear which formula is used
====Route====
* Use the following standard abbreviations:
** Intramuscular: IM
** Intravenous: IV
** Oral: PO
** Subcutaneous: SC
* If the regimen provides more than one route as an option, do not use a "/" to separate the routes (e.g., do not use "PO/IV"). Instead, use the word "or" to separate the alphabetically-ordered routes (e.g., IV or PO)
====Time of infusion====
* For infusions of up to 1.5 hours in length, convert the time into minutes (e.g., "over 90 minutes")
* For infusions of 2 hours or longer, use hours (e.g., "over 4 hours")
* For infusions with a range, use the format A to B (e.g., "over 5 to 10 minutes"; "over 60 minutes to 3 hours")
====Continuous infusions====
* For continuous infusions, use the words "continuous infusion" not the abbreviation CI
* For continuous infusions of exactly 24 hours or a unit of time that is not a multiple of days (e.g., 46 hours), report the dosage directly, e.g., 2400 mg/m2
* For continuous infusions that are multiples of days (e.g., 96 hours), report the dosage per day, e.g., 1000 mg/m2/day
* For continuous infusions other than those exactly 24 hours long, specify the total dose per cycle at the end of the line, in parentheses e.g., "(total dose per cycle: 200 mg/m2)"
* For continuous infusions that are reasonably anticipated to cross a midnight (i.e., most of them), use the format "YY dose mg/m2/day, started on day XX", instead of the format "YY dose mg/m2/day on day XX"
====Frequency and/or number of times given====
* If the drug is only given once, use the word "once"
* If the drug is given on more than one day of a cycle but only once on any given day, use the phrase "once per day"
* If the drug is given more than once per day, try to avoid abbreviations as they may not translate to other languages correctly. Some acceptable frequencies to use are:
**twice per day (not BID)
**three times per day (not TID)
**four times per day (not QID)
**every 3 hours, every 4 hours, etc. (not q3h, q4h, etc.)
* Do not use abbreviations or numbers which are on the Joint Commission (TJC), previously known as the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO)'s "Do not use" list: U, u (unit); IU (international units); Q.D., QD, q.d., qd (daily); Q.O.D., QOD, q.o.d., qod (every other day); MS, MSO4, MgSO4 (morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate); trailing zeroes (X.0 mg); or omitted leading zeroes (.X mg). Also, based on suggestions in Making Health Care Safer II, please do not use any abbreviations involving frequencies during a week--e.g. use "3 times a week" instead of TIW--and do not use cc as an abbreviation for mL.
====Schedule====
* If the drug is only given once per cycle, use the phrase "on day X"
* If the drug is given twice per cycle on two distinct days, use the phrase "on days X & Y"
* If the drug is given more than twice per cycle on more than two distinct days, report the days as follows:
** Contiguous days: "on days X to Y" (e.g., "on days 1 to 4")
***Do not use a dash to separate days (e.g., do not use "on days 1-4") as this can be confused for intermittent administration
** Discontinuous days: "on days X, Y, Z" (e.g., "on days 1, 8, 15")
** Mix of contiguous and discontinuous days: "on days A to B, X to Y" (e.g., "on days 1 to 4, 9 to 12, 15, 16")
* If the drug is continuously given throughout the cycle, either specify the days (e.g., "once per day on days 1 to 28") or it can be left implied by leaving out the days ("once per day")
* For a drug with an predefined event-driven endpoint, make this clear in the prose (e.g., "starting on day 6 and continuing until ANC greater than 5000/μL past nadir")
====Order of administration====
This is not often reported in manuscripts but is considered very important, when it is mentioned.
* Denote a sequence instruction using bold (e.g., given first)
* For regimens with two or more drugs, use given first, given second, given third, and so forth. Try not to use given last as this does not allow for automated calculation of final ordering if there are more than two drugs.
* If there is a specified time separation, mention in both sequences (e.g., given first, 30 minutes prior to drug Y and given second, 30 minutes after drug X)
====Special comments====
There are two places where special comments can go inline with the prescription: after units or at the end of the line.
* After units, add information about capped dose, if applicable (e.g., "1.4 mg/m2 (maximum dose of 2 mg)")
*In order to further reduce ambiguity, when thought to be beneficial, contributors may optionally add the total number of doses at the end of the instruction, e.g.:
**once on day 1 (1 dose per cycle)
**once per day on days 1 to 3 (3 doses per cycle)
**once per day on days 1 & 8 (2 doses per cycle)
**once per day on days 1, 8, 15 (3 doses per cycle)
**twice per day on days 1 to 14 (28 doses per cycle)
===Branching instructions===
A non-trivial number of regimens have complex timing instructions for one or more components, or certain criteria that specify alternate dosing instructions. We refer to these generically as branches and the following section includes guidance on how to format branching instructions in a standardized way.
====Time-based branching====
This is the most common branch type and comes in two main flavors: 1) one component of a multi-component regimen is given for a limited period of time, whereas the other components might be given for a longer period or indefinitely; 2) a component has a different SIG for different cycles in the regimen; e.g., many multiple myeloma regimens reduce the corticosteroid intensity after a certain number of cycles have been given. Time-based branching is denoted with the special phrase "as follows:". If a time-based branch instruction is not present, it is assumed that the component is given in the same manner for each cycle of treatment. Here is example markup for each of these two most common types:
====Chemotherapy====
*[[Carboplatin (Paraplatin)]] as follows:
**Cycles 1 to 4: AUC 6 IV once on day 1
*[[Paclitaxel, nanoparticle albumin-bound (Abraxane)]] as follows:
**Cycles 1 to 4: 100 mg/m2 IV once per day on days 1, 8, 15
====Immunotherapy====
*[[Durvalumab (Imfinzi)]] 1500 mg IV over 60 minutes once on day 1
21-day cycle for 4 cycles, then 28-day cycles
*[[Dexamethasone (Decadron)]] as follows:
**Cycles 1 to 13: 20 mg (route not specified) once per day on days 1 to 4, 8 to 11
**Cycles 14 to 39: 20 mg (route not specified) once per day on days 1, 8, 15, 22
====Age-based branching====
This is also a fairly common type of branching logic seen in regimens. With few exceptions, age-based branches are specified as one-sided bounds or two-sided intervals. In both cases the bounds may be "exclusive" (i.e., mathematically expressed by the greater than or less than operators) or "inclusive" (i.e., mathematically expressed by the greater than or equal or less than or equal operators). Age-based branches should be preceded by the following standard phrase: "by the following age-based criteria:". Age itself should be expressed in the format "(days/weeks/months/years) old". Formatting should be as follows:
Type 	Format 	Example
Exclusive upper bound 	Younger than X (days/weeks/months/years) old:	Younger than 60 years old:
Exclusive lower bound 	Older than X (days/weeks/months/years) old: 	Older than 60 years old:
Inclusive upper bound 	X (days/weeks/months/years) old or younger: 	60 years old or younger:
Inclusive lower bound 	X (days/weeks/months/years) old or older: 	60 years old or older:
Inclusive interval 	X to Y (days/weeks/months/years)1 old: 	50 to 60 years old:1 to 1.99a years old:
Intervals where the upper bound is exclusive	X up to Y (days/weeks/months/years)1 old: 	12 up to 18 months old:
1If the original reference uses different units of measure for the lower and upper bounds of the interval, convert these such that they are in the same unit of measure, to reduce confusion.
aIn the pediatric literature, it is not uncommon to encounter intervals with fractional upper bounds such as this one. This can create confusion since the fractions will sometimes introduce gaps (e.g., a child aged 1 year 363 days is 1.994 years old). For now we will faithfully adhere to the reported intervals but may attempt to standardize these further in the future.
====Other nominal branching====
Besides age, there are several other types of branching instructions that are based on numeric quantities. The same general rules for bounds and intervals as described above apply. However, for these branches, we use a more generic language of "more" and "less" rather than the younger/older used in age. Currently (as of September 2023), the nominal branch types encountered across HemOnc.org are:
*BMI-based
*BSA-based (these should be standardized to m2)
*Laboratory-based
*Renal function-based
*Weight-based (these should be standardized to kg)
Formatting should be as follows, using weight-based examples:
Type 	Format 	Example
Exclusive upper bound 	Less than X (units of measure):	Less than 12 kg:
Exclusive lower bound 	More than X (units of measure):	More than 12 kg:
Inclusive upper bound 	X (units of measure) or less: 	12 kg or less:
Inclusive lower bound 	X (units of measure) or more: 	12 kg or more:
Inclusive interval 	X to Y (units of measure): 	6 to 12 kg:
Intervals where the upper bound is exclusive	X up to Y (units of measure): 	6 up to 12 kg:
====Complex branching====
Some branches have compound criteria, such as both age-based and weight-based criteria. If these criteria can be named, they should be listed in alphabetic order (e.g., "by the following age- and weight-based criteria:", not "by the following weight- and age-based criteria:"). If they are too complex to enumerate, then the branching statement should say "by the following complex criteria:".
In the branching instructions themselves, complex criteria are usually expressed using logical statements of the AND, OR, and NOT types. When recording these instructions, please capitalize the logical separators, as this immensely aids the parsing process that takes place to transform HemOnc.org into the HemOnc knowledge base.
===Order of medications within a regimen===
List medications within the regimen in the same order as they are found in the title of the regimen. So, for example, if the regimen is an acronym, the medications should be listed in the same order as they are used in the acronym - even if this does not correspond to the order of administration. All regimens have a required antineoplastic section, and can have several optional sections. The antineoplastic section should have a heading which describes the general class to which the regimen belongs (e.g., chemotherapy, immunotherapy, chemoradiotherapy). 
====Optional: preceding and subsequent treatments====
See below for a discussion of this.
====Optional: supportive medications====
* Only list what is specifically described by the cited paper(s). Details about hydration also can go in this section. Both prn and "as needed for" may be used to describe medications taken on an as needed basis. It is encouraged to also list whether the paper specifically mentioned agents which were not used, such as: 
** No routine antibiotic or antiviral prophylaxis was given
** Growth factor support was NOT allowed
* If the reference gives more than one choice from a category, use the following syntax:
*ONE of the following xyz medications:
**[[Option 1]]
**[[Option 2]]
 
* If the reference only refers to categories of medications, such as "5-HT3 antagonists," that is all that can be written; we cannot say, for example, Ondansetron (Zofran). Instead, provide a link to the relevant category, using this format (make note of the colon before and after the "Category":
*[[:Category:5-HT3 antagonists|5-HT3 antagonists]]
* If there is more than one antineoplastic drug, and a supportive medication is clearly intended for use in context of one of those drugs, explicitly link the two together using the generic drug name. Example:
====Supportive therapy====
*[[Acetaminophen (Tylenol)]] 650 mg PO once as premedication for rituximab
* If a supportive medication is admixed with an antineoplastic, denote this with the generic drug name. Example:
====Supportive therapy====
*[[Mesna (Mesnex)]] 5000 mg/m2 IV continuous infusion over 24 hours on day 4, mixed together with ifosfamide
* If more than one manuscript describes a regimen, but one of them describes the supportive medications more completely, make note of this. Example:
====Supportive therapy====
*(as described by Kewalramani et al. 2004):
====Optional: CNS therapy====
If described, the drug(s) used for CNS prophylaxis and/or treatment should be under a separate heading.
===Duration of cycle===
* This line should come after the required antineoplastic drug(s) and the optional supportive and/or CNS drugs, and should always be bolded. 
* For cycles lasting 6 weeks or less, report the numeric duration in days, with a dash between the number and "day" (e.g., 21-day cycle; 42-day cycle).
** Exception: for cycles that are specified as monthly, use 1-month cycle since months have different numbers of days.
* For cycles lasting more than 6 weeks, report the numeric duration in weeks (e.g., 12-week cycle)
** Exception: the primary reference specifies the cycle in days which are not easily transformed to weeks, e.g., 90-day cycles or 3-month cycles
** If the total duration of a regimen is very long, as with some maintenance regimens, give the actual number of cycles as well as the total duration in parentheses: 14-day cycle for 26 cycles (1 year) and 21-day cycle for 35 cycles (2 years)
* If a range is given for the cycle length in the reference, use this format: 14- to 21-day cycles
* When the total number of cycles is singular, use "for X cycles", e.g., 14-day cycle for 4 cycles
* When the total number of cycles has an upper bound, use "for up to X cycles", e.g., 28-day cycle for up to 4 cycles
* When the total number of cycles has a lower bound, use "X or more cycles", e.g., 28-day cycle for 4 or more cycles
* When the total number of cycles is a range, use "for X to Y cycles", e.g., 21-day cycle for 6 to 8 cycles
* When there is additional information regarding the total number of cycles, use "(see note)" and explain in prose just below the reference table for the regimen or variant.
* For regimens with no definite stopping point, report merely the cycle length, e.g., 28-day cycles. This is generally understood to be equivalent to "28-day cycles until progression, unacceptable side effects, or patient preference to discontinue." 
* Although there are various terms used to describe a cycle of treatment (e.g. round is often used in the literature) we encourage the consistent use of the word cycle for regimens with two or more planned repetitions
* If there is only one course of treatment, as in a course of chemoradiotherapy or of induction, use the word course
===Linking parts of protocols===
Often, a protocol will be divided into parts, each of which could be considered an independent regimen, e.g., upfront treatment followed by consolidation followed by maintenance. Or, some regimens are response-adopted, e.g., R-MegaCHOP with intensification treatment based on early FDG-PET in patients with high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In these cases, even if a regimen is detailed in a single reference, we encourage breaking the regimen up across the appropriate contexts. Links should not be left implicit but rather should be detailed as follows:
====Preceding treatments====
If anything comes before the regimen (optional or required), the following format should be used:
Only one preceding treatment option
====Preceding treatment====
* [[Regimen A]]
More than one preceding treatment option, as part of a single non-randomized protocol
====Preceding treatment====
* [[Regimen A]] or [[Regimen B]] or [[Regimen C]]
More than one preceding treatment option, as part of a single randomized protocol
====Preceding treatment====
* [[Regimen A]] versus [[Regimen B]] versus [[Regimen C]]
More than one preceding treatment option, from more than one protocol
====Preceding treatment====
* Protocol 1 & Protocol 2: [[Regimen A]]
* Protocol 3: [[Regimen B]]
* Protocol 4: [[Regimen A]] versus [[Regimen B]]
* Protocol 5: [[Regimen A]] or [[Regimen B]]
====Subsequent treatments====
As opposed to preceding treatments, subsequent treatments are often conditional, i.e., they require the patient meeting some predefined parameters, such as achieving a certain level of response to the treatment regimen. When these conditional statements are complex, they should be written in narrative style with lengthy explanation as needed. When they are relatively simple (e.g., AC, then T in adjuvant breast cancer), then the links can be in a structured style analogous to the preceding treatment examples above, using "subsequent" in place of preceding.
==Templates==
These templates are meant to be "plug and play" for the tables that are displayed under a regimen - copy them into a page, fill out the blanks, and you should have a new regimen table ready to go.
===Non-randomized trials without efficacy===
Note: the trial type is defaulted to "Phase 2".
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 40%; text-align:center;" 
!style="width: 25%"|Study
!style="width: 25%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Evidence|Evidence]]
|-
|yyyy et al. 20zz
|style="background-color:#91cf61"|Phase 2
|-
|}
What it looks like:
Study 	Evidence
yyyy et al. 20zz	Phase 2
===Non-randomized trials with efficacy===
Note: the trial type is defaulted to "Phase 2".
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 60%; text-align:center;" 
!style="width: 33%"|Study
!style="width: 33%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Evidence|Evidence]]
!style="width: 33%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Efficacy|Efficacy]]
|-
|yyyy et al. 20zz
|style="background-color:#91cf61"|Phase 2
|
|-
|}
What it looks like:
Study 	Evidence	Efficacy
yyyy et al. 20zz	Phase 2 	
===Randomized trials without toxicity===
Note: the trial type is defaulted to "Phase 3" and the comparative efficacy is defaulted to "seems not superior".
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; text-align:center;" 
!style="width: 25%"|Study
!style="width: 25%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Evidence|Evidence]]
!style="width: 25%"|Comparator
!style="width: 25%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Comparative_efficacy|Comparative Efficacy]]
|-
|yyyy et al. 20zz
|style="background-color:#1a9851"|Phase 3
|[[#other_regimen|Display name of other regimen]]
|style="background-color:#ffffbf"|Seems not superior
|-
|}
What it looks like:
Study 	Evidence	Comparator 	Comparative Efficacy
yyyy et al. 20zz	Phase 3 	Display name of other regimen	Seems not superior
===Randomized trials with toxicity===
Note: the trial type is defaulted to "Phase 3" and the comparative efficacy and toxicity are defaulted to "seems not superior".
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; text-align:center;" 
!style="width: 20%"|Study
!style="width: 20%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Evidence|Evidence]]
!style="width: 20%"|Comparator
!style="width: 20%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Comparative_efficacy|Comparative Efficacy]]
!style="width: 20%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Toxicity|Comparative Toxicity]]
|-
|yyyy et al. 20zz
|style="background-color:#1a9851"|Phase 3
|[[#other_regimen|Display name of other regimen]]
|style="background-color:#ffffbf"|Seems not superior
|style="background-color:#ffffbf"|Seems not superior
|-
|}
What it looks like:
Study 	Evidence	Comparator 	Comparative Efficacy	Comparative Toxicity
yyyy et al. 20zz	Phase 3 	Display name of other regimen	Seems not superior 	Seems not superior
==Regimen examples==
For simplicity, the references are omitted from these examples. Wiki markup is shown followed by what the rendered wiki markup should look like; note that the rendered version is not quite the same as the markup, as headings have been replaced with bolded lines so as not to create havoc on the table of contents above.
===Regimen example #1, single drug===
Cladribine monotherapy in mantle cell lymphoma
==Cladribine monotherapy==
===Regimen===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 60%; text-align:center;" 
!style="width: 33%"|Study
!style="width: 33%"|Dates of enrollment
!style="width: 33%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Evidence|Evidence]]
|-
|Inwards et al. 2008 (NCCTG 95-80-53)
|2003-2005
|style="background-color:#91cf61"|Phase 2
|-
|}
====Chemotherapy====
*[[Cladribine (Leustatin)]] 5 mg/m2 IV over 2 hours once per day on days 1 to 5 
28-day cycle for up to 6 cycles
===References===
----
Rendered version:
Cladribine monotherapy
Regimen
Study 	Dates of enrollment	Evidence
Inwards et al. 2008 (NCCTG 95-80-53)	2003-2005 	Phase 2
Chemotherapy
*Cladribine (Leustatin) 5 mg/m2 IV over 2 hours once per day on days 1 to 5 
28-day cycle for up to 6 cycles
References
----
===Regimen example #2, single drug with many references===
Lenalidomide monotherapy in mantle cell lymphoma
==Lenalidomide monotherapy==
===Regimen===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; text-align:center;" 
!style="width: 25%"|Study
!style="width: 25%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Evidence|Evidence]]
!style="width: 25%"|Comparator
!style="width: 25%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Comparative_efficacy|Comparative Efficacy]]
|-
|Habermann et al. 2009
|style="background-color:#ffffbe"|Phase 2, fewer than 20 pts in subgroup
|style="background-color:#d3d3d3"|
|style="background-color:#d3d3d3"|
|-
|Witzig et al. 2011 (NHL-003)
|style="background-color:#91cf61"|Phase 2
|style="background-color:#d3d3d3"|
|style="background-color:#d3d3d3"|
|-
|Eve et al. 2012
|style="background-color:#91cf61"|Phase 2
|style="background-color:#d3d3d3"|
|style="background-color:#d3d3d3"|
|-
|Goy et al. 2013 (MCL-001, EMERGE)
|style="background-color:#91cf61"|Phase 2
|style="background-color:#d3d3d3"|
|style="background-color:#d3d3d3"|
|-
|Trněný et al. 2016 (MCL-002, SPRINT)
|style="background-color:#1a9851"|Randomized Phase 2
|Investigator's choice
|style="background-color:#002f73; color:white"|Longer PFS
|-
|}
Participants in EMERGE "were required to have had prior treatment with rituximab, cyclophosphamide and anthracycline (or mitoxantrone), and to have relapsed or progressed (less than 12 months) after or were refractory to bortezomib." Investigator's choice in the SPRINT trial was restricted to single-agent therapy with cytarabine, rituximab, gemcitabine, fludarabine, or chlorambucil.
====Chemotherapy====
*[[Lenalidomide (Revlimid)]] 25 mg PO once per day on days 1 to 21
28-day cycles
Patients in Eve et al. 2012 proceeded to receive [[#Lenalidomide_monotherapy_2|lenalidomide]] maintenance after 6 cycles.
===References===
Rendered version:
===Regimen example #3, two drugs with sequencing===
Carboplatin & Gemcitabine for ovarian cancer
==Carboplatin & Gemcitabine (GCb)==
===Regimen===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; text-align:center;" 
!style="width: 25%"|Study
!style="width: 25%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Evidence|Evidence]]
!style="width: 25%"|Comparator
!style="width: 25%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Comparative_efficacy|Comparative Efficacy]]
|-
|Gordon et al. 2011
|style="background-color:#1a9851"|Phase 3
|[[Ovarian_cancer#Carboplatin_&_Paclitaxel_(CP)|Carboplatin & Paclitaxel]]
|style="background-color:#ffffbf"|Seems not superior
|-
|}
====Chemotherapy====
*[[Carboplatin (Paraplatin)]] AUC 5 IV over 30 minutes once on day 1, given second
*[[Gemcitabine (Gemzar)]] 1000 mg/m2 IV over 30 minutes once per day on days 1 & 8, given first
21-day cycle for up to 6 cycles
Patients with complete response could optionally proceed to receive [[Ovarian_cancer#Paclitaxel_monotherapy|paclitaxel]] consolidation.
===References===
Rendered version:
===Regimen example #4, supportive medications with optionality and explicit linking===
Carboplatin & Docetaxel for ovarian cancer
==Carboplatin & Docetaxel (DCb)==
===Regimen===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; text-align:center;" 
!style="width: 25%"|Study
!style="width: 25%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Evidence|Evidence]]
!style="width: 25%"|Comparator
!style="width: 25%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Comparative_efficacy|Comparative Efficacy]]
|-
|Vasey et al. 2004
|style="background-color:#1a9851"|Phase 3
|[[Ovarian_cancer#Carboplatin_&_Paclitaxel_(CP)|Carboplatin & Paclitaxel]]
|style="background-color:#ffffbf"|Seems not superior
|-
|}
====Chemotherapy====
*[[Carboplatin (Paraplatin)]] AUC 5 IV over 60 minutes once on day 1, given second
*[[Docetaxel (Taxotere)]] 75 mg/m2 IV over 60 minutes once on day 1, given first
====Supportive therapy====
*[[Dexamethasone (Decadron)]] 8 mg PO twice per day the day before, the day of, and day after docetaxel
*ONE of the following 5-HT3 antagonists:
**[[Ondansetron (Zofran)]] 8 mg
**[[Granisetron]] 3 mg
21-day cycle for 6 cycles
===References===
Rendered version:
===Regimen example #5, preceding and subsequent regimens===
Adjuvant AC in breast cancer (variant 2)
Note: in this particular regimen, the preceding "regimen" is surgery and is not further specified. The subsequent regimens are all for HER2-positive breast cancer and are as such on a separate page from this regimen (AC), which is generically for any type of breast cancer. Note also that there is a mix of randomization ("versus") and non-randomized choices ("or") in the subsequent treatment options.
===Regimen variant #2, with range===
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 40%; text-align:center;" 
!style="width: 25%"|Study
!style="width: 25%"|[[Levels_of_Evidence#Evidence|Evidence]]
|-
|von Minckwitz et al. 2017 (APHINITY)
|style="background-color:#91cf61"|Non-randomized part of RCT
|-
|}
Patients in APHINITY had HER2-positive breast cancer. Note that ranges for AC are given in the protocol, replicated here.
====Preceding treatment====
*[[Surgery]]
====Chemotherapy====
*[[Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)]] 60 mg/m2 IV once on day 1 
*[[Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)]] 500 to 600 mg/m2 IV once on day 1
21-day cycle for 4 cycles
====Subsequent treatment====
*[[Breast_cancer,_HER2-positive#Paclitaxel_&_Trastuzumab_(TH)_2|TH (Paclitaxel)]] versus [[Breast_cancer,_HER2-positive#THP_(Paclitaxel)_2|THP (Paclitaxel)]] or [[Breast_cancer,_HER2-positive#Docetaxel_&_Trastuzumab_(TH)_2|TH (Docetaxel)]] versus [[Breast_cancer,_HER2-positive#THP_(Docetaxel)_2|THP (Docetaxel)]]
Rendered version:
=References=
For each regimen, references should be listed in chronologic order, with the oldest references at the top, and the newest references at the bottom. References have a standard format, as explained below, following this example:
#CHAARTED: Sweeney CJ, Chen YH, Carducci M, Liu G, Jarrard DF, Eisenberger M, Wong YN, Hahn N, Kohli M, Cooney MM, Dreicer R, Vogelzang NJ, Picus J, Shevrin D, Hussain M, Garcia JA, DiPaola RS. Chemohormonal therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2015 Aug 20;373(8):737-46. Epub 2015 Aug 5. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors link to PMC article EuroPMC NCT00309985
##Update: Kyriakopoulos CE, Chen YH, Carducci MA, Liu G, Jarrard DF, Hahn NM, Shevrin DH, Dreicer R, Hussain M, Eisenberger M, Kohli M, Plimack ER, Vogelzang NJ, Picus J, Cooney MM, Garcia JA, DiPaola RS, Sweeney CJ. Chemohormonal therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: long-term survival analysis of the randomized phase III E3805 CHAARTED trial. J Clin Oncol. 2018 Apr 10;36(11):1080-1087. Epub 2018 Jan 31. link to original article link to PMC article EuroPMC
==Primary references==
===Numbering===
Each primary reference should start with a "#" sign in Wiki markup, which will automatically convert to the appropriate number.
===Header===
In order to increase the findability of references, we generally try to tag them with the bolded study name, CHAARTED in the example. We use special labels for several article types:
*Retrospective: self-explanatory
*Review: self-explanatory
*Abstract: these are references that are only available in the gray literature, e.g., conference abstracts. 
===Author list===
This should be the full author list (no et al.) in the format [Last Name] [First Initial](Middle Initial).
===Study group===
If provided, the study group should be listed after the authors, separated by a semicolon.
===Article title===
This should be replicated exactly as provided by the journal.
===Journal title===
Use the standard abbreviations provided by PubMed.
Note: due to uncertainty about the stability of NLM .gov resources, we are in the process of moving links to Europe PMC ("EuroPMC") - this guidance will be updated.
===Publication date and pages===
Use the format directly from PubMed, including the Epub date if it is provided. The main publication and Epub date are often separated by a doi:xyz in the PubMed citation; this portion should be removed as it is visually distracting.
Note: due to uncertainty about the stability of NLM .gov resources, we are in the process of moving links to Europe PMC ("EuroPMC") - this guidance will be updated.
===Link to original article===
This should be the DOI: link whenever available. To get the link on PubMed, right click (PC) or CTRL+click (Mac) on the hyperlink just to the right of the PMID:, below the author list. Choose "Copy Link" and then paste the link into the reference. The reason to use the DOI: link is that journals often change publishers and do not always leave behind redirects. This is a work in progress for HemOnc.org - as you'll see in the example above, the NEJM article has a direct link to the NEJM website, whereas the JCO article uses the DOI link. For abstracts, links often break from year-to-year as the conference websites refresh/update - something to be aware of but there is no easy fix.
Note: due to uncertainty about the stability of NLM .gov resources, we are in the process of moving links to Europe PMC ("EuroPMC") - this guidance will be updated.
===Link to PMC article===
If the manuscript has been deposited in PubMed Central, please add the PMC link, so that users from around the world can access otherwise paywalled content. This should be done even if the PMC link is still under embargo.
Note: due to uncertainty about the stability of NLM .gov resources, we are in the process of moving links to Europe PMC ("EuroPMC") - this guidance will be updated.
===Link to EuroPMC===
Nearly every reference on HemOnc.org should have an entry in EuroPMC. Provide the link here, using the following format:
EuroPMC
Note that MED stands for MEDLINE; EuroPMC sources from other databases as well, so the link may be slightly different in some cases.
===Clinical trial ID===
If there is a clinical trial ID, such as the NCT number assigned by ClinialTrials.gov, add as plain text (no link necessary) at the end of the reference. Most trials started after 2010 should have a clinical trial ID, although sometimes it is not easy to find in the reference.
==Updates and sub-group analyses==
When an interim or final update is published, we try to include these references, nested under the original publication. Depending on the trial, there can be zero, one, or many updates. 
===Numbering===
In order to make these nested, they need to start with a double "##" sign in Wiki markup, which will automatically convert to the appropriate number.
===Header===
We also nest several other categories under the original reference:
*Update: this is the default header for any interim or final update
*Subgroup analysis: a pre-planned or post-hoc analysis of defined subgroups of the original study population
*HRQoL analysis: a pre-planned or post-hoc analysis of health-related quality of life outcomes
===Remainder of citation===
The remainder of an update follows the format of the primary analysis, except that the clinical trial ID should not be appended to the end again.
==Review status==
If a reference says contains dosing details in manuscript, that means the original paper has been reviewed by the submitter, with the details of the regimen confirmed with the primary literature. If the reference says dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors, the reference contains details about the regimen in the abstract, but the full manuscript was not personally reviewed by the submitter. Note that dosing details in abstracts are not as extensive, and it is not infrequent that there are direct conflicts between details in the abstract and the manuscript; we favor details in the manuscript in these cases if the matter cannot be directly resolved with the authors. Exception: numerous regimens on HemOnc.org were manually verified prior to the adoption of the dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors tag and instead only currently say dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors. Those regimens will be changed over time to dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors as the content is re-reviewed during an update of each page's regimens.
Sometimes dosing information is only available from the original protocol, which is often included as supplemental material to a publication. In this case, the reference will say contains dosing details in supplement".
For example, if a submitter is able to see which dosages are described in the abstract, but the submitter lacks a subscription to access the complete paper, the reference would be labelled as dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors. A review article which discusses the regimen would not contain one of these labels unless it specifically describes the fine details of the regimen. Review articles are generally discouraged unless they add significant further information to the primary references for treatment regimens. Meta-analyses and comparative effectiveness research articles could be added.
===References===
# Authors of reference 1. Title of reference 1. Journal, volume, page of reference 1. link to original article dosing details in manuscript have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
## Update: Authors of update 1. Title of update 1. Journal, volume, page of update 1. link to original article EuroPMC
# Authors of reference 2. Title of reference 2. Journal, volume, page of reference 2. link to original article dosing details in abstract have been reviewed by our editors EuroPMC
# Authors of reference 3. Title of reference 3. Journal, volume, page of reference 3. link to original article does not contain dosing details EuroPMC
=Units of measurement=
We are currently trying to unify our units of measurement, to be concordant with SI units (unless otherwise noted below, e.g., hemoglobin). Further details about conversions between conventional and SI units, here.
Measure 	Example(s) 	Do not use	Wiki code
Separators for large numbers 	1000 	1,000 	
Separators for large numbers 	10,000 	10000 	
Separators for large numbers 	10,000,000 	 	
BSA-based dosing 	mg/m2 	mg/m2 	mg/m2
Micrograms 	mcg 	μg 	
Ranges: don't use dashes as these can be confused for hyphens 	1 to 2 	1-2 	
Bounds: don't use symbols as these can be confused and don't render in all browsers	greater than Xmore than Xmeasurement specific (e.g., older than X) 	> 	
Bounds: don't use symbols as these can be confused and don't render in all browsers	greater than or equal to Xat least XX or moreno less than X 	≥ 	
Bounds: don't use symbols as these can be confused and don't render in all browsers	less than Xmeasurement specific (e.g., younger than X) 	< 	
Bounds: don't use symbols as these can be confused and don't render in all browsers	less than or equal to Xat most Xnot exceeding Xup to and including XX or lessno more than X	≤ 	
Platelet count 	25 x 109/L 	 	25 x 109/L
Hemoglobin (Hb) 	12 g/dL 	 	
Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) 	500/μL 	500/mcl 	
White blood cell (WBC) count 	3.5 x 109/L 	3500 x 106	3.5 x 109/L
Creatinine 	0.8 mg/dL 	 	
Creatinine clearance (CrCl) 	90 mL/min/1.73m2 	 	90 mL/min/1.73m2
Bilirubin 	1.4 mg/dL 	 	
Methotrexate level 	100 nmol/L 	 	
Category:General reference pages