nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
SURFACExchange

SURFACExchange is an ECN for foreign exchange (FX) options for institutional clients. The company was founded in 2009 and went live with their platform in August 2011. Its platform allows access to both standardized ("on-the-run") volatility pricing, as well as options and forwards with a non-standard strike price or expiration ("off-the-run") pricing.
== History ==
SURFACExchange was granted EBOT status in 2009, and went live in August 2011, using Citi FX as its prime broker and central counterparty. Once the CFTC finalizes its rules for swap execution facilities ("SEFs"), SurfacExchange plans to apply for SEF designation.
== Products and Services ==
SURFACExchange's ECN is comprised of the SURFACEwave graphical user interface (GUI) and SURFACEstream FIX 4.4 based Application Program Interface (API). 
SURFACExchange also provides historical market data including volatility, deposit rates, forward rates, and spot rate prices. Along with this, users have access to the company’s derivatives pricing software.
==John Lothian News Interview==
SURFACExchange CEO Evgeni Mitkov Discusses the Potential for FX Options
Evgeni Mitkov, CEO of SURFACExchange, launched the FX options ECN in August 2011. Just over a year later, they’ve attracted almost 50 firms by offering the ECN to currency options traders through a no-install browser-based platform. Mitkov spoke with JLN editor-in-chief Jim Kharouf during the Profit & Loss Forex Network Chicago, about how the FX market is holding up, how the participation base is shifting away from banks, and where the FX options space is moving. Published October 16, 2012. Watch at JohnLothianNews.com
== Key People ==
*Evgeni Mitkov, CEO
*Yvan Bedouet, President and COO
*Alex Zengin-Karaian, Head of IT
== References ==
Category:ECNs
Sachi Pati

__NOTOC__ 
Sachi Pati is a director of software engineering for CME Group. 
Pati is responsible for leading the development of trade processing and risk management tools used by CME Clearing. 
== Background ==
Prior to joining the company in 2000, Pati worked for various IT consulting companies including Covansys and Tata Consultancy Services. 
== Education ==
He earned a bachelor's degree in applied electronics and instrumentation engineering from Regional Engineering College in Rourkela, India.
== References ==
Category:CME Group
Category:CME Group
Safaricom

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Safaricom is Kenya's largest mobile-phone provider and has delivered strong growth over recent years, including 2008. The company, until recently majority-owned by Kenya's government, launched an IPO last year on the Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE) that brought nearly one million new investors to the exchange and then became controversial after the share price later dropped.
 
== History ==
Safaricom was initially a department of the national government's monopoly Kenya Posts & Telecommunications Corporation but was spun off as a mobile-telephony subsidiary in 1993 with an analogue-based network, upgrading to a GSM network in 1996. Safaricom was incorporated in 1997 and in 2002 was converted into a limited-liability public corporation.
From an operating standpoint Safaricom registered another banner period in the second half of 2008 (through September), with its subscriber base increasing just over 50% year-on-year to 11.956 million, turnover up 20% to 34.5 billion Kenyan shillings (KSh) and before-tax profit up 2% to 8.98 billion KSh. The company also rolled out 3G service in the main population settlements of Nairobi, Mombasa and Magadi.
== Share hunt == 
In March 2008 Safaricom also held an initial public offering IPO - Kenya's largest-ever - of 25% shares still held by the government, which were sold to nearly 1 million new investors at an IPO-subscribed price of 5.50 KSh. The newly-privatized Safaricom listed on the NSE at 5 Kenyan shillings (KSh) per share on June 9, 2008, which sent the NSE's market capitalization above one trillion KSh for the first time. Later that month Safaricom was added as a component of the NSE 20 Share Index after the NSE waived the standard one-year trading period on the exchange. 
In subsequent months, however, Safaricom's stock price began declining and by October 2008 it had dropped to 4.50 KSh as the NSE's main benchmark, the NSE 20 Share Index, also slid with the global financial markets meltdown. Losses by Kenyan and Ugandan retail brokers and investors in the Safaricom IPO have since received extensive media coverage in both countries.
== Key People ==
Michael Joseph has been CEO of Safaricom on secondment from Vodafone since that company's investment in Safaricom since mid-2000. He began as a his wireless-telephony career as a telecommunications technician some 40 years ago and since led the implementation of new and existing wireless networks in in South and North America, Australia, Asia, the Middle East and Europe. He is a graduate of the University of Cape Town, where he was awarded a Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Engineering.
== Latest news ==
 
Despite the complaints, however, Safaricom's 50 billion KSh share offering was dubbed “Best African IPO” at the African Investor Index (Ai) Awards held at the New York Stock Exchange in September 2008. The judging panel recognised the Safaricom IPO for delivering some 870,000 new investors - most of them retail - to the Nairobi Stock Exchange, plus enough foreign investors to put Kenya on the international investment map.
== References ==
Sakis Asteriadis

__NOTOC__ 
Sakis Asteriadis is the Managing Director in APX’s Environmental Markets area, where he oversees all aspects of APX’s infrastructure for greenhouse gas, renewable energy and energy efficiency commodities. He is responsible for the product direction of the APX Environmental Markets Registry™, as well as for the account management and operations for all APX’s Environmental Markets client engagements. In the past few years at APX, Mr. Asteriadis oversaw the business development, implementation and operation for all of APX's Greenhouse Gas and Renewable Energy Credits registries and tracking systems throughout the US and internationally.
 
== Background ==
Mr. Asteriadis joined APX in 2004, having 20 years of experience in the Energy and Financial Services sectors. Prior to APX, he was Vice President at the Bank of New York, where he was head of the Bank's BondNet division. Prior to that, he was at ESCA Corp (currently Areva T&D) where he led the deployment of numerous large-scale Energy Market Systems worldwide (such as ISO New England's Market System), and Energy Management Systems.
Mr. Asteriadis holds an M.Sc.E. degree from Purdue University and a B.Sc. degree in engineering from the University of Patras in Greece. He is located in New York City. 
== References ==	
Category:Weather
Category:Environmental Markets
Category:APX
Salim Ramji

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Salim Ramji is a prominent figure in the financial services industry, best known for his leadership roles at major asset management firms. He became the chief executive officer of The Vanguard Group, one of the world's largest investment management companies, effective July 8, 2024. He is the first Vanguard chief executive who didn’t work directly with the late founder, John C. Bogle. 
== Early Life and Education ==
Ramji was born to Tanzanian immigrants in Canada. Despite his parents not attending college themselves, they prioritized education for their children. Ramji excelled academically and in debates, becoming the first Canadian to win the World Student Championship. He earned a Bachelor of Arts in economics and politics from the University of Toronto and an MA in law from the University of Cambridge.
== Career ==
Ramji's career in finance spans over 25 years. His professional journey includes:
# Legal Practice: He began his career as a lawyer at Clifford Chance from 1994 to 1998, working in London and Hong Kong. 
# McKinsey & Company: Ramji joined McKinsey in 1998, where he spent 16 years, rising to the position of senior partner. He led the Asset & Wealth Management Practice, gaining expertise in corporate strategy and financial advisory. 
# BlackRock: In 2014, Ramji joined BlackRock to lead corporate strategy. He later became the global head of iShares and Index Investments overseeing about two-thirds of the firm's assets. Under his leadership, BlackRock's ETF business expanded significantly, managing approximately $3.7 trillion. 
#Vanguard: In 2024, Ramji was appointed CEO of Vanguard, succeeding Tim Buckley. This appointment marks a significant shift for Vanguard, as Ramji is the first outsider to lead the firm since its founding.
== Leadership and Expertise ==
Ramji is known for his deep expertise in exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and index investing. He has been a key figure in the expansion of these investment vehicles, considering indexing to be one of the original fintech innovations. His leadership style emphasizes collaboration, influence, and forging alliances.
== Personal Life ==
Ramji is a CFA charterholder and serves as a trustee of Graham Windham, a New York-based child care agency.
== References ==	
Category:BlackRock - Former Employees
Category:McKinsey & Company - Former Employees
Category:Clifford Chance - Former Employees
Category:Lawyers
Sally Duros

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Sally Duros is a business journalist who has worked as a reporter, columnist, and editor in newsrooms including The Wall St. Journal, Crain's, and the Chicago Sun-Times. She is currently consulting with John Lothian News, developing content related to the evolution of ESG in the capital markets. She also teaches communications in the business school at the University of Illinois Chicago.
== Background ==
Duros combines experience as a business editor/writer with experience managing digital communications, and communications in government and business. 
Duros most recent work as a consultant has been developing pathways toward profitability for digital newsrooms. In this time she researched and wrote for the Block by Block Community News initiative, Knight Digital Media Center 
and the Chicago Tribune's social media boutique 435 Digital. Her work developing a new business form called the L3C was cited in the book "The Life and Death of American Journalism."
As an aide to Mayor Richard M. Daley, Duros worked with a board of Chicago CEOs fashioning public/private partnerships to improve City of Chicago operations. Her work with Michelle Obama in Chicago City Hall is cited in Peter Slevin's book, "Michelle Obama: A life." 
Duros has held important communications roles in two bellwether events in the history of climate change: the City of Chicago 1995 Heat Wave and Superstorm Sandy in 2012. Duros wrote the emergency operational plan for the City of Chicago in 1995 and served in digital communications for FEMA Public Affairs during Sandy.
== Education ==
Duros was awarded a master's of science in communications from Northwestern University and earned her undergraduate degree in psychology from the University of Illinois Chicago.
== References ==
Salomon Brothers

Salomon Brothers was a high-flying Wall Street brokerage brought low in 1991 by a bond-trading scandal. In the subsequent fall-out its name disappeared several years later following two mergers.
== History ==
Salomon Brothers was formed in 1910 and for many years until the early 1990s it was one of Wall Street's most powerful investment houses. The list of its former directors and executives include the legendary investor Warren Buffett, former New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg and Reagan-era economist David Stockman.
But in 1991 Salomon was caught fraudulently bidding for U.S. Treasury bonds in a $10 billion scandal meticulously revisited in Martin Mayer's 1993 book "Nightmare on Wall Street: Salomon Brothers and the Corruption of the Marketplace." Salomon Brothers never recovered from the scandal and was subsequently acquired in 1997 by Travelers Group, which merged it with the previously-acquired Smith Barney brokerage to form Salomon Smith Barney (SSB). A year later Travelers merged with Citicorp to become Citigroup but SSB continued to operate until 2003, when another trading scandal forced a final name-change to Citigroup Global Markets.
== References ==
Salomon Sredni

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Salomon Sredni is chairman and chief executive officer of TradeStation Group Inc. a position he has held since 2007. In June 2009, he was elected chairman of the board.
== Background ==
Prior to joining the company, Sredni was vice president of Accounting, and corporate controller for IVAX Corporation, from 1994 to 1996. From 1988 to 1994, he was with Arthur Andersen.
He serves on the boards of the David Posnack Hebrew Day School, the Jewish federation of Broward county and the Jewish Community Foundation. He is also a founding member of the Miami chapter of the Young Presidents Organization where he served as its chairman for two terms.
== Education ==
Sredni has a bachelor's degree in accounting from The Pennsylvania State University. He is a certified public accountant and a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and the Florida Institute of Certified Public Accountants. 
== Registration Information ==
*
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:TradeStation Securities
Category:TradeStation Securities
Salvatore J. Trani

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The late Sal Trani was executive managing director, North America, for BGC Partners, instrumental in rebuilding the company after several hundred of its employees were killed in the September 11, 2001 World Trade Center attacks. In his 40-year career as an inter-dealer broker, Trani played a leading role in the transition of the industry from voice brokerage to globalized electronic markets.
Trani passed away May 7, 2013, at the age of 72, after a battle with brain cancer. 
 
== Background ==
Trani worked as a runner at the New York Stock Exchange in the 1950s while earning his bachelor's degree at NYU. He subsequently worked as a dealing broker for Stern, Lauer & Co. In 1979 he left Stern to develop the inter-dealer operation at Mabon, Nugent & Co. Following the renaming of Mabon to Cedar Street Securities Corp., Trani, as chairman, led the firm to become one of the top inter-dealer brokers in the corporate debt market.
Following the acquisition of Mabon by Istituto Mobiliare Italiano (IMI) in 1991, Trani was appointed chairman and CEO and later helped to pave the way for the formation of Garban Corporates LLC, which merged with ICAP in 1999.
== Education ==
Trani held a both B.S. and M.B.A. from New York University. 
== References ==
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Sam Bankman-Fried

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Samuel Bankman-Fried is an entrepreneur and crypto exchange executive who is the founder and former CEO of the bankrupt cryptocurrency derivatives trading platform FTX. He is also the founder of Alameda Research, a quantitative cryptocurrency trading firm and liquidity provider. In late 2022, FTX experienced a crisis that led to a collapse in FTX's native cryptocurrency FTT. During the crisis, Bankman-Fried announced that he would close operations at Alameda Research and resigned as CEO of FTX, which filed for bankruptcy.
Known as SBF, Bankman-Fried was one of the richest people in crypto, with a net worth at its peak of an estimated $26.5 billion. Most of his wealth, which he has said he would eventually donate to charity, was tied up in ownership of about half of FTX and a share of its FTT tokens.
FTX spent about $1 billion on acquisitions and, according to Bankman-Fried, planned more mergers and acquisitions. FTX reportedly may also have been interested in payments businesses, non-fungible token (NFT) firms, and the metaverse.
The U.S. filed criminal charges against Bankman-Fried in December 2022, and the Royal Bahamas Police arrested him, after FTX collapsed and declared bankruptcy in November. The SEC charged him with misusing customer funds deposited with FTX to pay Alameda Research.
In November 2023, Bankman-Fried was convicted of seven counts of fraud and conspiracy following a month-long trial in a Manhattan court. Jurors deliberated for less than five hours. He faces as much as 20 years in prison on each of the most serious charges. 
On March 28, 2024 he was sentenced to 25 years in prison for fraud tied to the collapse of FTX. 
== Background ==
Bankman-Fried began his career at Jane Street Capital, a quantitative trading firm, in the summer of 2013, working as an intern and trading ETFs. 
In October 2017, Bankman-Fried left Jane Street and went to work at the Centre for Effective Altruism as the director of development.
He founded Alameda Research, a quantitative crypto trading firm, in Hong Kong in 2017. He also helped in the creation of the crypto coin Serum, aka SRM. Bankman-Fried managed $2.5 billion of assets through Alameda Research, according to Forbes. He launched FTX, the now defunct crypto derivatives exchange, in 2019.
== Education ==
Bankman-Fried attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he majored in physics, minored in mathematics and graduated with a degree in 2014. 
== Testimony ==
*U.S. Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry
*U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Financial Services
==Video==
John Lothian News spoke with Bankman-Fried at FIA Expo 2021, where he talked about how the crypto space has grown and changed, crypto versus “traditional finance,” and the latest trends, including NFTs.
== References ==	
Category:Crypto Exchange Executives
Category:FTX - Former Employees
Category:Jane Street - Former Employees
Sam Belden

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Sam Belden is a marketing and communications industry professional, currently serving as the vice president and head of content at Forefront Communications Group, Inc., based in New York, United States. He leads Forefront’s content practice area, overseeing content strategy and development for clients in the capital markets and institutional fintech space.
== Background ==
Belden's expertise in content development spans various formats, including thought leadership articles, case studies, whitepapers, website copy, and marketing collateral. He has written for clients across the capital markets landscape, showcasing his versatility and depth of knowledge in the industry. Prior to joining Forefront, Belden worked as a sportswriter, with his work featured on notable platforms such as Business Insider, Golf.com, and various fan sites across the web.
== Education ==
Belden holds a bachelor's degree from Fordham University, where he double majored in journalism and history. 
== References ==	
Category:Journalists
Category:Marketing Professionals
Category:Public Relations Professionals
Category:Business Insider - Former Employees
Sam Johnson-Hill

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Same Johnson-Hill is a London-based exchange and brokerage executive who currently serves an executive director of IncubEx.
== Background ==
Johnson-Hill joined IncubEx in August of 2019. Previously, he was in business development for emissions and utility markets for ICE Futures Europe.
He was with the European Climate Exchange at the time of its acquisition by Intercontinental Exchange in 2010.
He has also served as an energy broker with ADM Investor Services International Limited.
Johnson-Hill was also a trainee broker with C. Czarnikow Sugar Ltd.
== Education ==
He holds a bachelor of arts in politics and economics with honors from the University of Manchester. He also holds a masters in business administration and management from The London School of Economics and Political Science.
== References ==
Sam Mele

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Sam Mele is a vice president of sales for Hiperos, a computer software company.
Previously, he was the founder and managing director of Chicago-based transaction technology company Firm58. 
He is a frequent speaker at the University of Chicago and the University of Illinois and many other institutions on the topic of product commercialization and entrepreneurship and participates on several advisory boards.
 
== Background ==
Mele is a St. Charles, Illinois native who grew up working summers at Goldberg Brothers, a boutique clearing firm where his father was managing partner. Because of this work, he learned the ins and outs of back-office financial transactions processing.
He spent 10 years at Oracle and six years at Ariba before returning to Chicago to try his hand as a tech entrepreneur. He launched Firm58 in 2004 with James Mullen to capitalize on the opportunity to help trading and brokerage companies smoothly process transactions.
In March of 2008, he assumed the role of SVP of sales and marketing, and managing director international, leading the expansion of the domestic and international sales, marketing and business development capabilities.
== Education ==
He graduated with honors from the University of Illinois with a BS degree in Mechanical Engineering.
== Interviews ==
May 2011
Q&A:Market Surveillance Demands 20-20 Vision
== References ==	
Category:Firm58 - Former Employees
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Sam S. Siegel

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Sam S. Siegel was a Chicago produce wholesaler and trader at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange who with Vincent Kosuga cornered the onion futures market in the 1950s.
== Background ==
As a result of the manipulation of the onion market by Siegel, Vincent Kosuga and National Produce Distributors which saw prices drop from $2.75 per 50 lb. bag to 10 cents, Congress amended the Commodity Exchange Act to ban onion futures from trading.
== Education ==
== References ==
Category:Onion Futures Act
Sam Svoboda

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Sam Svoboda is a Chicago-based public relations professional who currently serves as the COO and content director for 3Points Communications.
== Background ==
Svoboda joined 3Points in 2014. He leads the company's video, photo, and analytics initiatives, and oversees various internal structures for 3Points.
​He worked for The Stanford Daily as the advertising manager after graduating from Stanford University.
He also worked for the communications departments for Chicago’s Metropolitan Planning Council and the Chicago Fire Soccer Club, and spent half a year working and traveling through Australia.
== Education ==
Sam holds a bachelor of arts in urban planning from Stanford University. He minored in history.
== References ==	
Category:Public Relations Professionals
Category:3Points Communications