Attack on Titan

Attack on Titan or Shingeki no Kyojin (進撃の巨人) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hajime Isayama. It has been serialized monthly in Kodansha's Bessatsu Shonen Magazine since September 9, 2009. It is published in English by Kodansha Comics USA, as well as serialized online by Crunchyroll Manga. Attack on Titan was adapted into an anime by Wit Studio, with the first season airing in 2013. A second season has been announced for 2017. Several spin-off properties and other adaptation also exist, including other manga and anime, OVAs, light novels, video games, and live-action films.
The series is an international commercial success, with 60 million copies of manga in print as of September 2016. The first season of the anime boosted the series' popularity worldwide, receiving much critical acclaim. However, the series has also drawn some controversy, particularly among some of Japan's neighboring countries, due to its themes and the mangaka's personal views.
==Plot==
Attack on Titan is set in an alternate world that is dominated by massive, man-eating humanoid creatures known as Titans. Humanity survives by living within a set of three walls tall enough to keep the Titans out. The walls are Wall Maria, Wall Rose, and then Wall Sina. However, at the start of the series, a Colossal Titan of a size never seen before destroys the wall of a border district known as Shiganshina. Several other Titans pour in and wreck havoc, including an Armored Titan that takes down the outermost of the three walls, Wall Maria. The surviving citizens of Wall Maria evacuate into the second wall's zone, Wall Rose.
The story focuses Eren Yeager, his adopted sister Mikasa Ackerman, and their friend Armin Arlert, who lived in Shiganshina and survived the destruction. Facing the death of his mother and the disappearance of his father, Eren vows to get revenge on the Titans by joining the Survey Corps, a military branch devoted to venturing out into Titan territory in an attempt to reclaim the land. These soldiers utilize a tethering system called vertical maneuvering equipment (or 3D maneuvering gear) to jump from structure to structure and strike the Titans at their one known weak point—the back of the neck.
Over the course of the series, the characters face Titans and other enemies, attempt to take back lost land, and grapple with mysteries such as the origin of the Titans, the mysterious appearance of the Colossal and Armored Titans, and the strange clue Eren's father gave him about the basement of his childhood home.
===Characters===
:Note that most of the characters have multiple alternate translations and spellings of their names.
* Eren Jaeger
* Mikasa Ackerman
* Armin Arlert
* Levi
* Erwin Smith
* Annie Leonhart
* Bertolt Hoover
* Reiner Braun
* Jean Kirstein
* Connie Springer
* Sasha Braus
* Krista Lenz / Historia Reiss
* Ymir
* Marco Bott
* Hange Zoe
==Fandom==
Fanart (including doujinshi), fanvids, and fanfiction are all common fanworks. As September 2016, there are over 30,000 Attack on Titan fanworks archived on Archive of Our Own. Cosplay is also very popular, particularly the series' military uniform and the most famous Titans.
Like with most popular anime/manga fandoms, there is both a Japanese fandom and an English-speaking fandom, as well as other pockets in other languages. Due to the language barrier, the Japanese fandom and the English-speaking fandom do not interact much, which the exception of doujinshi artists who have their work translated into English by fellow fans. There are concerns about re-posting doujinshi and fanart by non-English-speaking fans without permission, which causes some tension between the two communities.
The fandom exploded in size and activity with the release of the anime's first season, drawing in many viewers who had previously not heard of the manga. Since the anime does not completely adapt the manga's story, many viewers follow the manga after finishing the anime, while others decided to wait for the second season to come out. Because of this, there is an attempt to avoiding spoiling non-manga-readers. However, it is difficult to interact in the fandom fully without being spoiled.
===Shipping===
Most of the fandom is focused on shipping. The most popular ships are M/M. However, there are also some reasonably popular F/F ships and M/F ships thanks to a fairly large cast of well-developed female characters. Shipping wars can become vicious, particularly between fans of Levi/Eren Yeager and Levi/Erwin Smith. Furthermore, there is tension between fans who support ships involving characters who are underage according to Western standards and fans who believe this is problematic and even immoral. Since in-universe characters as young as 15 can become active military members, whether or not they are truly underaged is a common debate.
====Terminology====
* AruAni is the pairing name of Armin Arlert/Annie Leonhart
* AruMika is the pairing name of Mikasa Ackerman/Armin Arlert
* BeruAni is the pairing name of Bertolt Hoover/Annie Leonhart
* BeruYumi is the pairing name of Bertolt Hoover/Ymir
* EreAni is the pairing name of Annie Leonhart/Eren Yeager
* EreJean is the pairing name of Jean Kirstein/Eren Yeager
* Eremin is the pairing name of Armin Arlert/Eren Yeager
* EreMika is the pairing name of Mikasa Ackerman/Eren Yeager
* EreRi and Riren are the pairing names of Levi/Eren Yeager
* Eruhan is the pairing name of Erwin Smith/Hange Zoë
* Eruri is the pairing name of Levi/Erwin Smith
* Jeankasa is the pairing name of Mikasa Ackerman/Jean Kirstein
* JeanMarco is the pairing name of Marco Bott/Jean Kirstein
* Jearmin is the pairing name of Armin Arlert/Jean Kirstein
* LeviHan is the pairing name of Levi/Hange Zoë
* Mikannie or Mikaani is the pairing name of Mikasa Ackerman/Annie Leonhart
* Reibert is the pairing name of Reiner Braun/Bertolt Hoover
* RivaMika is the pairing name of Levi/Mikasa Ackerman
* RivaMike is the pairing name of Levi/Mike Zacharias
* Rivetra is the pairing name of Levi/Petra Ral
* YumiKuri is the pairing name of Historia Reiss/Ymir
* ReiKasa/ReiMika is the pairing name of Reiner Braun/Mikasa Ackerman
Poly ships:
* Ereminkasa is the pairing name of Eren Yeager/Armin Arlert/Mikasa Ackerman
* Erurihan is the pairing name of Levi/Erwin Smith/Hange Zoë
* Eruriren is the pairing name of Levi/Erwin Smith/Eren Yeager
* Erurimike or Mikeruri is the pairing name of Levi/Erwin Smith/Mike Zacharias
* Reibertannie is the pairing name of Reiner Braun/Bertolt Hoover/Annie Leonhart
===Controversy===
==== Isayama's Views====
Since at least 2010, fans have been aware that the mangaka, Isayama Hajime, holds views that are widely considered nationalist, imperialist, and fascist. These mainly relate to his views on the Japanese Empire's actions during World War 2. Isayama has been open about supporting the Axis Powers of WWII. Several military characters in the manga are based on real members of the Axis Powers' military – some of them war criminals. A social media account that made statements dismissing Japan's imperialism was connected to Isayama. See The Possible Disturbing Dissonance Between Hajime Isayama’s Beliefs and Attack on Titan’s Themes, written in 2013, for an overview. This caused controversy surrounding the series in Asia, particularly South Korea and China. However, around 2013 and throughout the peak popularity of the anime, Western fans largely ignored Isayama's views, choosing to separate the story from the creator. Many said they were able to do so because Attack on Titan's themes seem to contradict Isayama's views: the story presents a morally gray world, in which the military and government are corrupt, war is futile and horrific, and the definitions of good and evil become increasingly unclear.
However, fans' willingness and ability to ignore Isayama's views shifted as Attack on Titan's plot began to seem increasingly influenced by imperialism and fascism.
===== Further reading =====
* Attack on Titan couldn’t escape controversy in the end
* Attack on Titan's Criticism of Fascism & Racism Is Far From Subtle
* Everyone Loves Attack on Titan. So Why Does Everyone Hate Attack on Titan?
* The fascist subtext of Attack on Titan can’t go overlooked
* The True Themes of ‘Attack on Titan’ Are Finally Coming Into Focus
* Why Attack on Titan Is the Alt-Right’s Favorite Manga
==Finnish-language fandom==
[[File:Armin elaa.png|right|150px|thumb|"Armin elää!" (Armin lives!), a punny edit of the movie poster of Jörn Donner's film "Armi elää!". Made by sinceretic.]]
In 2013, the tag "Jättiläisii turpaan" was started on Tumblr. It is a colloquial expression for "punching giants in the face". Around this tag started forming a Finnicized version of the AoT universe, filled with puns and other language jokes. Artists started making art and comics depicting the different characters speaking in different dialects of Finnish, although different creators could assign different dialects for the characters.“murteet” tähän mennessä t. mulla ei oo elämää by härskilahna.Päätin kantaa korteni kekoon. Kolmikko Karjalan kunnahilta. Älkää tappako. by izmoroz. This also included referring to the characters with closely resembing Finnish names, for example calling Jean "Janne", Eren "Erno", Hange "Hanski", Ackerman "Akkamies", etc.Jättiläisii Turpaan by muura. A fandub based on the ideas of Jättiläisii turpaan was started on Tumblr and Youtube. This group created joke dubs and covers, as well as meme images in the spirit of the tag.
Other people have created their fandubs and meme videos on Youtube as well. Youtuber Rindou created an anime convention anthem "Conilaulu ;_;", singing about the difficulties of creating a cosplay on time and surviving through a convention to the tune of the first Attack on Titan opening. A common pun was Levi's name;Know the difference by frinia. one reason for this being that "Levi" is also a place in Finland. This would prompt people to make jokes about news headlines including the name. by anonymous.
==Example Fanworks==
===Doujinshi===
* Attack on Titan dj Tag at Myreadingmanga
===Fanart===
:* Attack on Titan dj Fanart at Pinterest
* the world is cruel but very beautiful by oliviawhen (2013)
* Levi, Mikasa, Annie, and AU where everyone gets a really badass tattoo by alicexz
* ATTACK ON PILLOW! by KL (2013)
===Fanfiction===
:* Attack on Titan at AO3
* The Intern by Lutte (2013-2014), a Modern AU epic focused on the pairing of Levi/Eren Yeager and the past relationship of Levi/Erwin Smith.
:Armin was convinced that it was the opportunity of a lifetime, but Eren just saw it as just another chance to fail. Nothing good could possibly come out of an internship in a stuffy office at Survey Corporation. Eren would have been content to sit and watch the remainder of his senior year pass him by. However, after one elevator trip, Eren finds himself questioning everything he thought he knew about life and himself.
* 1994 by Vee (2013), a 90's AU fanfic with Levi/Eren Yeager as the main pairing.
:Before cell phones. Before the Kardashians. Before internet porn. The year is 1994. Eren, Mikasa, and Armin, poor kids from the wrong side of the tracks, have been transferred with the rest of their neighborhood to the posh, uptown Trost High (Home of the Titans). Mikasa and Armin seem to fit in well enough, but Eren isn't quite so lucky. Of course, most of this has to do with Eren's personality. When he accepts a bet to lose his virginity (and actually prove that someone likes him) by the end of the semester, it's hard for him to deny the improbability of winning. After all, the only one he seems to be talking to these days is the weirdly pretty (and just plain weird) goth working at the donut shop down the street...
* The Little Titan Café by pocketsizedtitan (2013-2015), a Coffee Shop AU fanfic with Levi/Eren Yeager as the main pairing.
:Just another cliche AU in which Eren works as a barista in his mother’s café, specializing in latte art. And then there’s Levi, who’s not exactly your typical patron, because, well, he’s blunt and rude (which Eren supposes isn’t that much different from regular customers) but mostly he just confuses Eren’s poor little homosexual heart.
* A Matter of Perspectiveby KuroKitty, an Alpha/Beta/Omega AU with Levi/Eren as the main pairing.
:Eren hates being an omega and is determined to defy his orientation and join the Survey Corps. When a Colossal Titan mysteriously appears and breaks down the outer wall of his district, he and his friends are forced to retreat to one of the inner walls where practices are very different from what he'd grown accustomed to. They are shocked and terrified at the treatment they receive from the military personnel once they arrive on the other side of Wall Rose. With every bit of his humanity and dignity stripped away, Eren's world is turned upside down. Can Eren still be the hero he always wished to be while trying to deal with the changes occurring within himself?
===Fanvids===
* The Wrath of Titans an AMV.
* SnK - ＨＯＬＬＯＷ another AMV focusing on the first season of the anime.
* Shatter Me an AMV focusing on the character of Levi and using images from the first season of the anime as well as the Attack on Titan: No Regrets OVAs.
===Video===
* House of Memories a Tiktok edit of cosplay by yosin.
===Other Fanworks===
* Attack on Space, an audioplay series set in a sci-fi universe
* Sacred Promises, a charity anthology zine
==Archives & Fannish Links==
* Shingeki no Kyojin | Attack on Titan works at AO3
* Attack on Titan/進撃の巨人 at FanFiction.Net
==References==
Category:Attack on Titan