nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Boolean algebra

Boolean algebra is the mathematics of boolean logic, where statements (usually mathematical but sometimes literative arguments) are evaluated to be either true or false. 
Boolean algebra is important in both inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning, as well as science in general. It is extremely important in computer sciences, such as programming, database querying and computer engineering, as electrial signals at the most basic level are translated to and from binary (true/false, 1/0, on/off, closed/open, etc). When, however, one tries to apply boolean algebra to various natural sciences such as biology, or to social sciences such as psychology, politics, or sociology, problems can arise, such as the false dilemma.
==See also==
*Bit
Category:Mathematics
Borel's Law

Borel's law was named after mathematician who would probably be horrified for this misappropiation; it states:
The corrupted creationist version is:
==Original meaning==
It was intended as a rule of thumb for specific scenarios before they happen. Borel introduced it in a book written for non-scientists, as an example of the kind of logic that any scientist might use to generate estimates of the minimum probability below which events of a particular type are considered negligible. It was created for specific physical examples, not as a universal law. It certainly does not mean that any probability below 1 in 1050 is automatically zero, which is contradictory.
So, of course, this rule is often cited by creationists as evidence against evolution and abiogenesis when they are misunderstanding that improbable things happen. They appear to be the only people to give it the status of a "law." This is a staggering misrepresentation of what Borel said and one can only feel sympathy for him for having such a misguided "law" named after him.
==Borel's actual law==
Borel also has a real law named after him, usually known as It can be expressed in many ways, but in its simplest form, if an event E occurs X_n times in n trials, then the probability p of E occurring is:
:p=\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{X_n(E)}{n}
==Another Borel theorem==
A very powerful theorem Borel did prove is given to show his eminence:Mathematicians have been heard mentioning this with awe. can be problematic, but Borel proved that every is the Taylor Series of some function. Very powerful indeed.
Just browsing Wikipedia turns up a number of Borel's theorems and that can at least be used as an indicator of how important a mathematician he was.
==In remembrance of Usenet==
Borel's "law" was often invoked in discussions in talk.origins, alt.atheism and other groups which seemed to attract more preachers than atheists or biologists. One answer to a Young Earth Creationist claiming evolution to be impossible — said creationist did not distinguish between a priori and a posterori, which can hardly be a problem for the gentle readers of RationalWiki — is worth paraphrasing: In order for you to exist, your parents had to have sex exactly at a given time. One particular sperm cell had to fertilize one particular egg. Taking this back only a few generations we quickly reach the limit of Borel's "law". You, Sir, are therefore impossible.
==Notes==
==References==
Category:Creationist claims
Category:Eponymous laws
Category:Mathematics
Boris Malagurski

Boris Malagurski (Serbian Cyrillic: Борис Малагурски; born 1988) is a Serbian ethnic ultranationalist, right-wing extremist and conspiracy theorist. 
He is firmly in the pro-Milosevic camp, and is somewhat notable for making nationalist homemade videos in which he portrays the Serbs as the victims of the wars they started, claims there was a "globalist" conspiracy against Serbia, denies Serbian war crimes, and praises Milosevic as well as various far-right Serbian nationalist figures. 
He spent some time in Canada and likes to describe himself as "Serbian-Canadian," although he is now back in Serbia. He has been described as "the Serbian-Canadian Tom Metzger." He also frequently writes conspiracy theorist pieces for the well-known crank website Globalresearch.
==Wikipuffery==
Malagurski was once an active Wikipedia editor, until he was more or less permanently banned in 2007,Block log of Bormalagurski and has written autobiographies of himself in several languages.Boris Malagurski An ardent self-promoter, he is notable for claiming he was the "Winner, Silver Palm Award, 2009," when in reality, he was one of 14 silver winners in the category "student films", and one of 76 winners overall of said award (after 13 other students had been awarded their Golden Palms) at an obscure film festival in Mexico.
==Criticism of his film travesty==
In an interview with the magazine Ny Tid, Serbian film critic Vladan Petković describes Malagurski’s film "The Weight of Chains" as "pro-Serbian conspiracy theorist propaganda." According to the interview, "the film is promoted as having been made in Michael Moore’s style, but it totally lacks Moore’s characteristic qualities. Instead Malagurski interviews journalists, politicians, ex-ambassadors and historians, who all promote the same one-sided story of Serbia as a victim of western capitalist imperialism." Petković describes Malagurski’s earlier film "Kosovo can you imagine?" as "even more extreme, horribly made and with absurd explanations of the Kosovo conflict." According to Petković, Malagurski "belongs to the nationalist oriented part of the Serbian
diaspora in Toronto, who tend to have very one-sided views on the conflict."Nils Gjerstad. "Med skulderen til veggen." Ny Tid, 20 May 2011, pp. 48–49.
==References==
Category:Anti-Western
Category:Conspiracy theorists
Category:Denialists
Category:Fascists
Category:Film-makers
Category:Internet kooks
Category:Journalists
Category:Leftists who turned right with age
Category:Living people
Category:Nationalism
Category:Neo-Nazis
Category:Political pundits
Category:Propaganda
Category:Racists
Category:Right-wing activists
Born again

Born again is primarily an evangelical Christian term.For Anglicans, Eastern Orthodox believers, Lutherans and Roman Catholics born again simply means Baptism.
Generally, it is synonymous with a conversion to Christianity, a salvation experience, or accepting Jesus as one's personal savior. However, if it is used by a televangelist or similar figure, it is typically a code word or synonym for "sucker."
==Not born right==
Most of us were born right the first time. The concept of being "born again" implies that we were not born right the first time because of original sin, so we need a second "birth" to wash away our sins. It implies we have to, in some way or another, become infants again, which would certainly explain the level to which the intellectual discourse of the born-again will often regress.
==Clean slate==
It also carries an implication of starting over with a clean slate, so for example if somebody is a Really Bad Person, they can become a "born again" Christian and start anew. This further implies that before conversion to Christianity, that person was living according to their own inherently sinful ways, but after conversion, they have become a new person guided by the Holy Spirit, livin' for the LORD hating sin and earnestly obedient to Jesus to what the Religious Right say Jesus wants.Not all born again Christians accept the more extreme bigotry of the Religious right according to one source. What is Christian Fundamentalism? Sometimes there is a feeling that past crimes should be forgiven on this account, or that a given sentence should be lighter or a prisoner be granted parole on that basis.
==Still sinning==
Funny thing is, a lot of these people wind up in all sorts of scandals and such after their conversion. How else to account for all the televangelist scandals? Or they find they have all the same issues and personality quirks to deal with after their conversion as they did before. Some, when they find they still sin, get scared and wonder if they are truly saved. Others have a religious crutch to fall back on so they can still sin and in spite of that be born again: "Christians aren't perfect, just forgiven."
==Celebrities==
In popular usage, the term is often used to refer to people who were better known for something else before their conversion. The media made "born again Christian" a religious buzzword especially during the 1970s, to refer to such people as Bob Dylan, Larry Flynt, Jimmy Carter, and Chuck Colson, and in recent years with Filipino boxer Manny Pacquiao whose conversion drew both praise and scrutiny.
==See also==
*Hypocrisy
*Reincarnation for a supposedly more literal view.
==References==
Category:Christianity
Category:Euphemisms
Boston Baptist College

Boston Baptist College is a "biblical training center" located in Boston, Massachusetts.Boston Baptist College - About us. boston.edu. Retrieved on 26 September 2015. The institution is an organ of Baptist Bible Fellowship International, a fundamentalist, creationist, Biblical literalist, homophobic religious organization.Baptist Bible Fellowship International Articles of Faith. bbfi.org. Retrieved on 26 September 2015. Boston Baptist College possesses national accreditation (on probation) from the Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools, a creationist accreditation authority.Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools Members. tracs.org. Retrieved on 23 September 2015.
Boston Baptist College offers a degree in "Biblical Studies," a so-called Associate in Science Degree in Biblical Studies, and a Certificate in Biblical Studies. All students are Biblical Studies majors.Boston Baptist College Academic Programs. "While collegiate general education is offered, as is an array of instruction in the practical skills of Christian ministry, all programs require a major in Biblical Studies." boston.edu. Retrieved on 26 September 2015. 
==External links==
*Official website
==References==
Category:Baptists
Category:Fundie schools
Category:Creationism
Category:Homophobia
Botox

Botox is the brand name of a medicine containing Botulinum Toxin. It has a few niche uses in medicine, but it is most widely known for its cosmetic uses and spoiling canned food.
==Botulinum toxin==
The bacterium Clostridium botulinum survives by breaking down and consuming dead flesh, such as deli meats. The name itself derives from the Latin botulus, meaning "sausage". One of the metabolites of C. botulinum is a particularly powerful neurotoxin, botulinum toxin, and even a miniscule amount will inhibit the release of acetylcho-somethingorother, effectively preventing your muscles from moving. The paralysis is bad enough, but remember, this includes both your heart and diaphragm, and the victim suffocates. Just how tiny an amount is necessary to kill a human? About 70 nanograms for a typical human. For reference, that is well over a million times deadlier than cyanide. And the toxin is 100% naturally occurring, and organic to boot.
This is why all deli meats contain preservatives. Even the organic stuff will include nitrates in the form of "celery juice extract".
==Medical use==
There are a few times when a muscle needs to be paralyzed for an extended period of time. In this case, an incredibly minuscule amount of Botox is injected into the muscle, holding it still. It is one of the available options for dystonia treatment, although it only has a temporary effect and some people develop resistance to it. As there are two types of Botox, someone who is immune to one type will frequently respond to the other.
One of the side effects of its therapeutic effect is that in the case of facial muscles, the lack of an ability to move means that wrinkles are slower to form. So of course it has found use by people looking to reduce the appearance of aging; in 2012, over 6 million Botox injections were performed in the US, making it by far the most common cosmetic procedure.http://www.plasticsurgery.org/news/2013/14-million-cosmetic-plastic-surgery-procedures-performed-in-2012.html Business can be good selling botox injections, while self-esteems remain damaged.
==Oh the Irony==
So why does Botox deserve our attention? Well, a number of infamous celebrities such as Jenny McCarthy regularly complain about alleged toxins in vaccines while at the same time using Botox regularly.http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2135749/Jenny-McCarthy-reveals-forehead-Botox-shots-secret-youthful-looks.html
==Bioterrorism==
Botulinum toxin is an occasional source of speculation due to its potency and relative availability: C. botulinum is by no means a hard creature to come across; it is found worldwide and, in fact, its spores are probably in the dirt under your feet.https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/foodborne-illness-and-disease/clostridium-botulinum/ct_index It's mostly a problem when bacteria grow out of the spores and produce the neurotoxin.
==See also==
*Naturopathy
==References==
Category:Disease
Category:Medicine
Category:Toxins
__NOTOC__
Bowling for Columbine

Bowling for Columbine is a political and social commentary film by the American liberal filmmaker Michael Moore.
The story arc of the film starts with the events of the Columbine High School massacre, and then proceeds to try to understand or explain school shootings and America's gun culture. The film interviews many prominent figures that were partially blamed for the massacre, from gun-toting Charlton "From My Cold Dead Hands" Heston to "goth rocker" Marilyn Manson.
One of the film's central arguments is that while Canada has a rate of gun ownership similar to that of the U.S., its rate of gun crimes is remarkably lower. 
==Film conclusion==
Moore reaches a tentative conclusion in the film that American society was initially built on a culture of fear, insecurity, intolerance, and racism, that leads to gun violence. Moore also criticizes the idea that violent media (such as violent video games and movies) causes gun violence. After the movie's release, Moore acknowledges the movie never came to an actual conclusion. Moore then suggests that the Columbine shooting could have been caused by psychiatrist drugs like SSRI antidepressants, and pushed for an investigation into child psychiatry. Moore then called Eli Lilly executives criminals for covering up an internal investigation that showed Prozac was particularly dangerous. Moore questioned why Eli Lilly executives are allowed to walk the city streets.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DpinCRaAQOk During 1990, Eli Lilly scientists were pressured by their bosses to delete any mentions of suicide attempts or suicidal thoughts in patient records of experiences with Prozac.https://www.thepharmaletter.com/article/lilly-under-fire-for-prozac-suicide-cover-up-newspaper-charges
==Bank scene==
In one scene, a bank offers a free rifle to anyone who opens an account with them. Moore is shown walking into the bank, opening an account, and walking out with a rifle in his hands. In actual fact, banks are just a wee bit skittish when it comes to customers bearing firearms on their property. The event was staged; the bank in question actually only offered a gift certificate for a free rifle from the gun store down the street from it, which required all the standard background checks to obtain.
==External links==
*Bowling for Columbine on IMDb
*Bowling for Columbine on TV Tropes
==References==
==See also==
*Michael Moore
Category:Civilian gun massacres
Category:Films
Brachylophosaurus

Brachylophosaurus , or b-chizzle as known by the scientific community, was a large hadrosaur (family Hadrosauridae) that lived during the Cretaceous period. It fed primarily on horsetails, and weirdly enough rotting wood.The Paleobiological Implications Of Herbivorous Dinosaur Coprolites From The Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation Of Montana: Why Eat Wood? by Karne Chin. Palaios22(5):554-566. 2007. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2006.p06-087r.
 
==Leonardo==
Brachies have yielded a fairly large amount of well, preserved fossils, but none like Leonardo (or as lame-o prudes call him, specimen JRF 115H), a dinosaur mummy of sorts. Thanks to the magical process of fossilization, many of its skin, muscle, organ, organ contents and even parasites in its stomach have been used as a cast and replaced with rock, showing what could never bee seen before with mortal eyes. Such a monumental discovery shows the lifestyle of not just Leo, but how hadrosaurs lived and the ecosystem of past earth.
==See also==
*Dinosaur 
*Fossil
==References==
 
Category:Dinosaurs
Brad DeLong

James Bradford DeLong, aka J. Bradford DeLong or Brad DeLong, is a New Keynesian and neoliberal (as in pro-free trade) economist who served as Deputy Assistant Secretary for the US Treasury Department under Bill Clinton and today regularly blogs about (duh) economics. When the Big One hit he was a prominent supporter of fiscal stimulus.http://delong.typepad.com/sdj/2012/01/understanding-the-chicago-anti-stimulus-arguments-a-response-to-kantoos.html 
He is a staunch critic of the Wall Street Journal op-eds, Fox News, and Austrian School economics and has likewise spent time rebutting orthodox Marxist economics,http://delong.typepad.com/sdj/2012/09/paul-krugman-asks-a-question-on-the-austrian-hatred-of-fractional-reserve-banking-paper-money-etc-weblogging.html particularly the labor theory of value.http://delong.typepad.com/sdj/2005/04/lire_le_capital.html However he has acknowledged that Marx the academic, while making plenty of errors, also made some genuine contributions to economics, although he does not hold as high an opinion of Marx the ideologue.http://delong.typepad.com/sdj/2013/05/understanding-karl-marx-hoisted-from-the-archives-from-four-years-ago-may-day-weblogging.html
While a supporter of NAFTA and other trade agreements that lead to deeper integration he has said that while NAFTA had net positive effects the results were also somewhat disappointing in terms of not creating as much growth as predicted. While he would support it again he also suggests there may need to be a new way of looking to creating more growth from trade deals.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HX8An-jSfFU 
DeLong is the originator of the term East African Plains Ape.See Large-Scale Social Cooperation in the East African Plains Ape and Meme Watch: "East African Plains Ape"
==See also==
*Paul Krugman: His more prominent buddy who adheres to similar policy suggestions and analysis.
==External links==
*His blog (a mirror).
==References==
Category:Bloggers
Category:Economists
Category:Liberals
Category:Living people
Category:Political pundits
Bradley Monton

Bradley Monton is an Associate Professor at the University of Colorado, Boulder, notable mostly for allegedly being both an atheist and an Intelligent Design defender. He published a book, Seeking God in Science: An Atheist Defends Intelligent Design, in 2009. He has also written a paper on the Dover trial"Is Intelligent Design Science? Dissecting the Dover Decision"
and given an interview to Casey Luskin.Atheists for Intelligent Design - part 1 (video), , YouTube, 26 July 2009
He's not a random crank - he got his Ph.D. in Philosophy at Princeton in 1999.Bradley Monton's CV (PDF)
Monton resigned from CU Boulder in 2014 after allegations of inappropriate relationships with students, part of a larger scandal involving sexual harassment in the philosophy department at CU Boulder. He was paid out $185,000, which a Boulder official described as a business decision.CU-Boulder to pay philosophy professor Brad Monton $185K to resign by Sarah Kuta Dailycamera
==Quotes==
==External links==
*Bradley Monton's faculty page at the UoCB's website
*Bradley Monton’s Blog (his title, not ours)
*An Atheist Defends Intelligent-Design Creationism, Matt Young, The Panda's Thumb, 2 January 2010 (a review/critique of Monton's book)
*Can’t philosophers tell the difference between science and religion?: Demarcation revisited, Robert T. Pennock, Synthese, Volume 178, Number 2, DOI: 10.1007/s11229-009-9547-3 (a scholarly article, full text available)
==References==
Category:Intelligent design creationism
Category:Living people
Category:Philosophers
Bradley effect

The Bradley effect refers to the sometimes significant discrepancy between voter opinion polls and actual election results when candidates are of different races.
==Origins==
It is named for Tom Bradley, an African-American who lost the 1982 California governor's race despite being ahead in voter polls. Less commonly called the Wilder effect, it reflects a tendency on the part of white voters to tell pollsters that they are undecided, or likely to vote for a black candidate, to make a show of how enlightened and progressive they are. Then on election day, in the privacy of the voting booth, they think "the hell with that" and choose the white candidate.
==Cause==
There is indeed a tendency for people to 
<choose>
<option weight=1>lie through their back teeth</option>
<option weight=1>fib a little</option> 
<option weight=1>try to make themselves look better</option>
<option weight=1>tell massive, whopping great lies</option>
</choose> 
in surveys and opinion polls, particularly if a response would otherwise be frowned upon. This has to be taken into account by psychologists doing studies on sensitive subjects where, even though they're anonymous, people may outright lie, even as a form of denial. In the particular case of the Bradley effect, it is due to the risk of being perceived as a racist that people may claim support for a candidate of an ethnic minority.
==Barack Obama==
In recent years there was discussion over whether Barack Obama was experiencing the Bradley effect. In some cases during the Democratic primaries, the Bradley effect was reversed, while in others it may have been a factor.http://people.iq.harvard.edu/~dhopkins/wilder13.pdfhttp://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2008/02/the_bradley_effect.html The difference between open and private polling may have also been a cause. However, some people still very publicly smear Obama because he's black.
==See also==
*Politics
*Essay:Election 2008: Racism in America
==References==
Category:California
Category:Political terms
Category:United States politics
Brahma Kumaris

The Brahma Kumaris is a new religious movement that has Hindu roots. It follows a form of millennialism, related to the traditional Hindu belief in "yugas" or ages. Followers of Brahma Kumaris believe the "yugas" repeat themselves every 5000 years. They believe that the world was destroyed and recreated approximately 5000 years ago. In that respect, their beliefs are somewhat similar to young earth creationism.
Outside of India, the movement has branches in many major cities in Western Europe. Millennialism is de-emphasized to the public and may nowadays be less emphasized internally. 
They meditate in the early morning.
Another trait of the cult, which is unusual for Hinduism, and nearly all other religions, is that it gives a higher status to women than to men.
Category:Cults
Category:Hinduism
Category:Religious leaders