Miraculous Ladybug

Miraculous Ladybug is a 3D-animated television series created as a collaboration between French, Korean and American animators. It aired initially in French, but was subsequently dubbed in Korean and finally English. The order of episodes vary by country. Miraculous Ladybug is aimed at children but has a substantial older fandom, and has a strong fan presence on Tumblr with it being the most popular TV show tag for several weeks.popularity of show 
==Canon==
Set in Paris, the series follows two superheroes called Ladybug and Chat Noir, whose civilian selves are Marinette Dupain-Cheng and Adrien Agreste respectively. This crimefighting duo fights against citizens of Paris who have been corrupted and given powers ("akumatized") by the villain Hawkmoth. Marinette has a crush on Adrien, and Adrien has a crush on Ladybug; however, neither realises that their civilian self and superhero self are the same. 
Adrien and Marinette can transform into their superhero personas via two kwamis: small, mysterious, animal-based creatures that seem to have been around for hundreds of years, and their Miraculous, magical jewelry that gives their wearers power via a magical girl-style transformation. Marinette's kwami is named Tikki, and Adrien's is named Plagg. Hawkmoth transforms using his own Butterfly Miraculous and Nooroo, his kwami. In season 2, other kwami and superheroes/villains become prominent.
===Characters===
* Marinette Dupain-Cheng, AKA Ladybug
*Adrien Agreste, AKA Chat Noir/Cat Noir
*Tikki
*Plagg
*Alya Césaire
*Nino Lahiffe
*Chloé Bourgeois
*Lila Rossi
*Félix Graham de Vanily
*Kagami Tsurugi
*Gabriel Agreste, AKA Hawkmoth
*Nathalie Sancoeur, AKA Mayura
==== Canon Relationships ====
* Alya Césaire & Marinette Dupain-Cheng (friends)
==Fandom==
Perhaps due to the younger audience, Miraculous fans tend to congregate on Tumblr and Instagram, with some on Twitter, Pinterest and Discord. 
On Instagram, the creators have experimented with multimedia storytelling, creating Instagram accounts for the characters who post their own posts which tie into the stories in the episodes. Many fans follow these profiles and comment on the images. 
===Miraculous Subtitles===
Enterprising fans created fansubs when the animated series was first released to increase accessibility to those who did not speak French. When official English dubbed episodes aired, these subbed episodes were taken down. Subbed French episodes and Korean are still shared around as some prefer the feel of the show in French. A Discord server exists for MiraculousSubs where fans can discuss the subbed works.
===Shipping===
The most popular ML ship by far is the central relationship of the show, of Marinette and Adrien. In canon it is a complex relationship due to the pair's superhero identities as Ladybug and Chat Noir and the different dynamics of their different personas. This drama and range of possibilities is prominent in the fandom, where the situation is referred to as the "love square", a term based on love triangle that incorporates four identities. Four ship names are used to describe the four combinations in the square: Adrienette, LadyNoir, Marichat, Ladrien.
Shipping in ML fandom is primarily het. The most popular ships in AO3 are M/F ones - as of June 2020: of the ten most popular ships, two involve Marinette/Ladybug and Adrien/Chat in various combinations (romantic and platonic). The rest of the top ten are Alya/Nino, Luka/Marinette, Juleka/Rose (the only slash pairing in the top ten), Marinette & Alya (platonic), Gabriel/Nathalie, Plagg/Tikki, and Marinette/Damian Wayne (a crossover pairing known as "Maribat", which stemmed from dissatisfaction with Marinette's implied canon love interest during Chameleon, a season 3 episode).
After Season 3, Lukanette, featuring Marinette and a new character Luka, as well as Marigami (Marinette/Kagami), have become increasingly popular. The Gabenath ship, featuring Gabriel and Nathalie together, also grew in popularity over this time.
Minor ships that are common:
*Alya Césaire/Nino Lahiffe (DJWifi)
*Marinette/Luka (Lukanette)
*Adrien/Kagami (Adrigami)
*Juleka/Rose (Julerose)
*Gabriel/Nathalie (GabeNath)
Minor ships often used as background relationships:
*Plagg/Tikki (Plikki/Cheesecake)
*Tom/Sabine (Marinette's parents)
*Ivan/Mylène (Myvan)
*Marc/Nathaniel (Marcnath)
Other growing ships:
*Alya/Marinette (Alyanette)
*Chloe/Kagami (Chlogami)
*Adrien/Nino (Adrino)
*Adrien/Luka (Lukadrien)
The nature of heroes and villains with secret identities presents unique opportunities for shipping shenanigans, including selfcest. Adrichat (Adrien/Chat Noir) was the first major selfcest crack ship to come out of the fandom, suggested as a ship of Adrien's own creation in order to protect his identity. The phenomenon inspired other selfcest crackships such as Maribug (Marinette/Ladybug), Gabemoth (Gabriel/Hawkmoth), and Nathyura (Nathalie/Mayura), though Adrichat and Gabemoth remained the most popular.
===Theories===
A common fan activity is theorizing about the show. The first season introduced a lot of interesting concepts that weren't built upon in canon, but Thomas Astruc has referenced on his Twitter as key aspects in a longer story arc, such as the origins of the kwami, Hey Miraculous Fandom! What if, by whiteflamedkitsune history of past Ladybug and Cat Miraculous holders Day #4: History of Ladybugs and Chat Noirs Past by lennymcdragons , Adrien's mother, Theory Time! by stray-chat and other kwami wielders. Peacock and other theories by skaylanphear Fans enjoy theorizing about these and other undeveloped story details. Astruc and other members of the production team are quite vocal and participatory in the fandom as well, often giving out trivia or minor spoilers on Twitter, which helps fuel the fires of the fandom. 
A popular topic of fan debate is the order the episodes occur in. The show airs in many different countries almost simultaneously, but none of the countries air the episodes in the same order (for example, the first episode to air in France was the third episode to air in the United States). As a result, fans work hard to find details in individual episodes that could reveal some continuity. Miraculous Ladybug Timeline (COMPLETE) by thewalkingweapon OKAY NOW I HAVE PROOF THAT EPISODE 16 CAME BEFORE EPISODE 15 by thewritingunicorn 
At the 2016 New York Comic Con the wielders of two Miraculous (the Fox and Bee) were revealed. The wielder of the Fox Miraculous would be Alya, while the wielder of the Bee Miraculous would be Chloé. It also revealed new character designs for villians, power earrings for Marinette, the design of the peacock kwami, and the design for someone who would use the peacock kwami. Clearer images from Miraculous Ladybug NYCC Panel by miraculousdaily These revelations confirmed popular fan theories (the wielders of the Fox and Bee Miraculous in particular) and started new theories about the roles of the new villains or who wields the Peacock Miraculous.
A new and controversial theory is the "sentiAdrien theory," which states that Adrien was not born traditionally but rather created by someone using the Peacock Miraculous. The theory was created during season 3 after the episode "Ladybug" came out, but it didn't gain wide credibility in the fandom until season 4 when episodes like "Mega Leech" added more proof. After the episode titled "Gabriel Agreste" came out the theory was expanded to include Adrien's cousin Félix, as well as other children of rich characters like Kagami Tsurugi, Chloé, Zoé Lee, and even XY who only appears in a few background episodes. Exact details of the sentimonster theory are topic of debate and often widely controversial.
===Common Tropes===
====General====
*Reveal Fic - alternate universes where Marinette and Adrien discover each other's identities in various ways. These fics frequently explore the wild emotional swings that the characters have when finding out, either settling into a fluffy Developing Relationship or a Hurt/Comfort fic as the two reconcile their mutual crushes and friendzoning.
*Revealed/Known Identities - alternate universes where Marinette and Adrien already are aware of each other's secret identities are common; the two often share a strong bond that confuses other characters because it seemed to develop from nowhere.
*Pastfic - fanworks about Adrien's parents and past Ladybugs and Chat Noirs are popular due to their current lack of elaboration in canon.
*Futurefic/Aged-up Characters - as the main characters are fairly young, it is popular to age them up, especially if there is a desire to involve darker elements or smut. Often, fic writers will age them up to 16-18 without changing many plot details, for no other reason than to make romance and smut easier to write.
*Kidfic - Marinette and Adrien (sometimes Alya and Nino as well) having children, which are often named as Marinette had wanted in canon (Emma, Hugo, and Louis).
*Alternate Universe - the most popular ones are Canon Divergence, Soulmates, and No Powers (with variations - sometimes it shows as No Miraculous, sometimes as No Kwamis, often a combination of both).
**Mundane AU - Alternate universe where Marinette and Adrien's superhero personas either may not exist, or are secret identities for non-hero circumstances. For example, Ladybug and Chat Noir may be stage names for musicians or aliases for criminals. Alternatively, there may be no secret identities at all, in which case the story exclusively explores the Adrinette ship.
*Redemption - canonically villainous characters like Chloé, Lila, Nathalie, and occasionally Gabriel are often redeemed in fanfiction.
*Enemies to Friends to Lovers - An alternate universe where Chat Noir works for his father Hawkmoth, fighting against Ladybug instead of with her. This trope frequently involves pining by one or both parties, angst, and a change of heart that leads to Chat betraying Hawkmoth to fight alongside Ladybug; it may or may not include romance depending on the author.
====Fandom-specific====
* ML Salt - The fandom's term for content focused on criticism or Character Bashing. Salt became increasingly common with the release of season 2, and is usually motivated by the perceived mistreatment of Marinette. Frequent targets are Lila, Chloé, Alya, and Adrien. Many of these fics also double as Accusation Fic leveled at the characters.
*Miraculous - there are many tropes and theories in fandom related to the Miraculous and their powers. These include headcanons and theories about how the powers work, their origins, or swapping Miraculous.
*Kwami/Miraculous Swap - where the characters have different Miraculous/kwamis than the ones they possess in canon.
*Hawk Moth is Gabriel Agreste - before the identity of Hawk Moth was revealed, many fans believed him to be or liked casting him as Gabriel Agreste. (There is also the opposite trend - fans writing Gabriel Agreste as explicitly not being Hawk Moth.)
*Akumatized Characters - often Adrien/Chat or Marinette/Ladybug. The fandom created an akumatized identity for both of these cases: "Miss Fortune" (sometimes "Lady Fortune", or "Lady Miss Fortune", perhaps to make the pun on the word misfortune more obvious) for Marinette/Ladybug, and "Chat Blanc" for Adrien/Chat, which eventually became canon in season 3.
*Breakdance AU - invented by starrycove. A Dance AU. Some fanart of the miraculous characters as dancers lead to the immense popularity of this particular AU. In many cases, the characters hide their identities and perform at "Club Miraculous" in dance battles against the akumatised characters(where the akuma versions are just their break dance identities). Often the normal identities do ballet at the same studio. [Further reading]
*True Selves - Some fans like the 'true selves' way of thinking about the main characters, in which Marinette & Chat Noir are the 'real' versions of their personalities and Ladybug & Adrien are the 'fake' versions presented to the public. Other fans dislike this way of thinking, as it may be reductive or overly-simplistic. The trope in itself is entirely neutral, but can spark anything from casual discussion to intense, fiery debate between fans who strongly like and strongly dislike it. The linked meta below is an example of 'true selves'.
===The Original PV===
In 2012 the original promotional video (PV) for Miraculous Ladybug was released. Miraculous Ladybug PV It was very different from the final product, featuring a different art style, different characters, and darker themes. The two main characters were an earlier version of Marinette Zagtoon, Toei's Ladybug Animated Trailer Streamed and a character named Félix Tweet by Thomas Astruc confirming Félix's name , who was eventually scrapped in favor of Adrien. For various reasons it was retooled into the current Miraculous Ladybug. INTERVIEW WITH: Miraculous Ladybug executive producer, Jared Wolfson 
This PV garnered a lot of attention and interest in the concept of Miraculous Ladybug. It is still an object of fan interest, with fans inserting the original main characters into the current canon universe, often as the siblings or predecessors (or both) of Marinette and Adrien. When this is done, the original Marinette is generally given the name Bridgette. Bridgette Cheng by miraculousbox Episodes from season 3, like "Felix", were met with significant interest from PV fans (Felix was the original Chat Noir).
==Fanworks==
===Fanart===
*Miraculous Calendar Project
*Hawkyura Dance Pose
* so.. one adrinoir and the rest is hawknoir lmao. by Fuckingspectacular, Archived
* by sinkdraws
* by blue-randomcity, 2019 — a shipping chart for the main two character and their various identities as of September 2019
*Bakery "Enemies" AU by buggachat, 2021- — a twist on an enemies AU in a popular long-form fancomic
* Comic by buggachat in an AU where Adrien and Marinette hadn't met as their civilian selves to meeting for the first time without the mask.
===Fanfiction===
*Heartstrings by taylertot
*Tendencies Series by KryallaOrchid
*The Ladybugs and the Bees (Ao3 Link) by BullySquadess
*Throwing Up These Butterflies (series) by MyMayura
*one does not love breathing by wackus-bonkus
*seven is my lucky number by MiaBrown
===Fanvid===
* The whole story of MIRACULOUS LADYBUG | Season 1 to Season 4 by Chikara
* Miraculous Ladybug Intro but the words are what's happening onscreen by Thadudette
===Challenges===
*GabeNath Mini Bang — Founded January 2020.
*GabeNath Reverse Bang — Founded June 2020.
*ML Big Bang — Founded 2021.
*Adrinette April
*Marichat May
*Ladrien June
*Ladynoir July
=== Zines ===
*Miraculous Ladybug Charity Fanzine
*Menons la Danse
*Lean On Me
*Merci Beaucoup!
*Up to the Test
*ML Fashion Zine - , 
*Spots On! - 
*A Little Light
*Totographs Zine
*Lucky Charm Zine - volume 1
*Lucky Charm Zine - volume 2
*New Beginnings
*Coup de Foudre: Adrinette Zine
*Golden Hour: A Ladrien Zine
*Bonnes Chances: A Miraculous Ladybug Fashion Zine
*Miraculous Days
*LetsMagicalCooking, 2023. A multifandom magical girl cookbook zine.
*Loveybug Zine, 2024
=== Donation Drives ===
* MLB for BLM
* Miraculers for Ukraine
=== Cosplays ===
*Miraculous Moves cosplay
*Miraculous Ladybug and Chat Noir Christmas Cosplay Music Video by The 86th Floor
===Meta===
* the question of who is wearing a mask and when by lettersiarrange, October 2018.
* Adrien hasn't needed any sort of evidence to realize that Marinette is Ladybug by miraculouslycool, May 2020. (archived vers.)
* None of y'all are actually understanding The Puppeteer 2 by skaylanphear, July 2019.
* Cosplayers React to Miraculous Ladybug by The 86th Floor
* Why the sentiadrien theory scares us…and why it might actually be a wonderful narrative for therapeutic healing by gentil-minou, November 2021.
==Links & Resources==
* Miraculous: Tales of Ladybug & Cat Noir on FanFiction.Net	
* miraculous ladybug tag on Tumblr
==References==
Category:Miraculous Ladybug