1936 Winter Olympics

At the 1936 Winter Olympics, in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, the ice hockey competition would also count as that year's Ice Hockey World Championships and Ice Hockey European Championships.
The British National Team pulled off a major upset when they won the gold medal, marking a number of firsts in international ice hockey competition. Great Britain made history as the first team ever to win the Olympic, World, and European Championships and the first to win all three in the same year. They were the first team to stop Canada from winning the Olympic ice hockey gold, following Canada's four consecutive gold medals. Great Britain also became the first European nation to win the World Championships, following eight wins by Canada and one by the United States.
==Tournament summary==
In previous Olympics, the British team had finished third (1924), and fourth (1928) but with teams that were, "largely composed of Canadian Army officers and university graduates living in the U.K."Duplacey p. 459 It was decided that their team must be British-born this time, and while only one player on the team was born in Canada, nine of the thirteen players on the roster grew up in Canada, and eleven had played previously in Canada. The CAHA, upon discovering that the rosters of the British and French teams were made up of primarily Canadians, whom they believed were ineligible, lodged a protest, and suspended the players in question.Tournament summary As a result, the IIHF voted unanimously to ban Alex Archer and James Foster, however before tournament play began, Canada withdrew their protest.Wallechinsky p. 609 Still unhappy with the state of affairs were the Americans, who believed the rules were not being followed, and the French who were very angry that Canada did not repeal their protest with them.
The tournament itself featured very close play for the medals. It was played in three rounds beginning with four groups, where the two best teams of each group moved on to two groups of four, where again the two best moved on to a final round robin group of four, to determine the medals. In the first round the Italians pulled off a major upset by beating the USA two to one, though USA would still advance to the second round.
The second major upset occurred in the semi-finals, when Britain's Edgar Brenchley scored late in the third to defeat Canada two to one, setting up the eventual gold medal outcome. The format at these Olympics was to have head-to-head results from the semi-finals carried forward, so that the finals could be a four team round robin with only two additional games per team. The British team's shock victory over the Canadians, plus the win by USA over Czechoslovakia, both counted in the tables for the final round. In the final round, the British team beat Czechoslovakia. then played six scoreless periods against USA before the game was called a tie, ensuring a silver or gold for the British. In the tournament's final game, Canada could win silver, and Britain gold, if Canada defeated USA, while the Americans could still achieve gold in a variety of tie-breaking scenarios. The Americans were very tired from the marathon scoreless tie, and lost one to nothing.
Another story of this Olympic hockey tournament was the participation of Rudi Ball. The Nazi leadership allowed this top player to lead their hockey team at these German hosted Olympics, making him the only Jew to represent Germany at these Olympic games.
==Medalists==
Carl Erhardt (Captain)James FosterGordon DailleyArchibald StinchcombeEdgar BrenchleyJohn CowardJames ChappellAlexander ArcherGerry DaveyJames BorlandBob WymanJack KilpatrickArthur Child	Francis MooreArthur NashHerman MurrayWalter KitchenRaymond MiltonDavid NevilleKenneth FarmerHugh FarquharsonMaxwell DeaconAlexander SinclairBill ThomsonJames HaggartyRalph St. Germain	Thomas MooneFrancis ShaughnessyPhilip LaBatteFrank StubbsJohn GarrisonPaul RoweJohn LaxGordon SmithElbridge RossFrancis SpainAugust Kammer
==First round==
Top two teams in each group advanced to Second Round
===Group A===
	Pld	W	T	L	GF	GA	Pts
	3 	3	0	0	24	3 	6
	3 	2	0	1	11	7 	4
	3 	1	0	2	11	12	2
	3 	0	0	3	3 	27	0
6 February		8-1(5-0,2-1,1-0) 	
7 February		11-0(2-0,3-0,6-0)	
7 February		2-1(0-0,0-0,2-1) 	
8 February		5-2(4-0,1-2,0-0) 	
8 February		9-2(1-0,4-0,4-2) 	
9 February		7-1(4-0,0-0,3-1) 	
===Group B===
	Pld	W	T	L	GF	GA	Pts
	3 	2	0	1	5 	1 	4
	3 	2	0	1	5 	2 	4
	3 	1	0	2	2 	5 	2
	3 	1	0	2	1 	5 	2
6 February		0-1(0-1,0-0,0-0) 	
7 February		3-0(0-0,3-0,0-0) 	
7 February		3-0(1-0,1-0,1-0) 	
8 February		2-0(0-0,1-0,1-0) 	
8 February		1-2(0-0,0-0,1-1,0-0,0-1)	
9 February		1-0(0-0,1-0,0-0) 	
===Group C===
	Pld	W	T	L	GF	GA	Pts
	3 	3	0	0	10	0 	6
	3 	2	0	1	14	5 	4
	3 	1	0	2	4 	7 	2
	3 	0	0	3	4 	20	0
6 February		11-2(1-1,2-0,8-1) 	
7 February		5-0(0-0,4-0,1-0) 	
7 February		3-0(0-0,1-0,2-0) 	
8 February		3-0(1-0,1-0,1-0) 	
8 February		4-2(1-0,0-1,0-0,1-1,2-0)	
9 February		2-0(0-0,1-0,1-0) 	
===Group D===
	Pld	W	T	L	GF	GA	Pts
	2 	2	0	0	4 	0 	4
	2 	1	0	1	2 	1 	2
	2 	0	0	2	0 	5 	0
6 February		1-0(1-0,0-0,0-0)	
7 February		3-0(2-0,0-0,1-0)	
8 February		2-0(1-0,1-0,0-0)	
==Second round==
Top two teams in each group advanced to Final Round.
===Group A===
	Pld	W	T	L	GF	GA	Pts
	3 	2	1	0	8 	3 	5
	3 	2	0	1	22	4 	4
	3 	1	1	1	5 	8 	3
	3 	0	0	3	2 	22	0
11 February		2-1(0-0,1-0,1-1) 	
11 February		2-1(1-1,0-0,1-0) 	
12 February		1-1(0-0,0-1,1-0,0-0)	
12 February		15-0(3-0,9-0,3-0) 	
13 February		5-1(1-0,3-1,1-0) 	
13 February		2-6(0-1,0-3,2-2) 	
===Group B===
	Pld	W	T	L	GF	GA	Pts
	3 	3	0	0	5 	1 	6
	3 	2	0	1	6 	4 	4
	3 	1	0	2	3 	6 	2
	3 	0	0	3	1 	4 	0
11 February		2-0(0-0,2-0,0-0)	
11 February		1-0(1-0,0-0,0-0)	
12 February		1-0(0-0,1-0,0-0)	
12 February		4-1(0-1,2-0,2-0)	
13 February		2-1(0-0,1-1,1-0)	
13 February		2-1(0-0,2-1,0-0)	
==Final round==
	Pld	W	T	L	GF	GA	Pts
	3 	2	1	0	7 	1 	5
	3 	2	0	1	9 	2 	4
	3 	1	1	1	2 	1 	3
	3 	0	0	3	0 	14	0
11 February		2-1(1-1, 0-0, 1-0) 	
11 February		2-0 (0-0, 2-0, 0-0) 	
14 February		5-0(2-0,3-0,0-0) 	
15 February		7-0(3-0,3-0,1-0) 	
15 February		0-0(0-0,0-0,0-0,0-0,0-0,0-0)	
16 February		1-0(1-0,0-0,0-0) 	
N.B. - Tournament rules stated that relevant results from the semi-final round would be carried over to the final round. After the semi-final round, the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association and the German organizers appealed against this rule and asked that in the final stage all four teams should play each other with the semi-final results ignored. This appeal was overwhelmingly rejected by the Olympic authorities. Thus, the 11 February games of Canada vs. Great Britain and the United States vs. Czechoslovakia were counted as games in the final round, hence their replication in both tables.
==Final ranking==
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4 	
5 	
5 	
7 	
7 	
9 	
9 	
9 	
9 	
13 	
13 	
13 	
==European Championship medal table==
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5 	
5 	
7 	
7 	
7 	
10 	
10 	
10 	
==Top scorer==
Team 	GP	G 	A	Pts
Hugh Farquharson	8 	10	–	10
There is some disagreement as to the totals of Farquharson, both the IOC and IIHF maintain that he scored ten goals. Assist totals were not officially tabulated at the time, and sources indicate anywhere from five to ten.Podnieks pg. 403Official games report from la84.org, pgs 107–21
==Team rosters==
See section on Medalists for the rosters of the top three teams.
Place	Team	Player
4 	 	Josef Bohac, Lolek Cetkovsky, Karel Hromadka, Drahos Jirotka, Zdenek Jirotka, Jan Kosek, Olda Kucera, Josef Maleček, Jan Peka, Jaroslav Pusbauer, Jiri Tozicka, Ladislav Trojak, Walter Ulrich
5 	 	Wilhelm Egginger, Joachim von Bethmann-Hollweg, Gustav Jaenecke, Philipp Schenk, Rudi Ball, Karl Kögel, Toni Wiedemann, Herbert Schibukat, Alois Kuhn, Werner George, Georg Strobl, Paul Trautmann
6 	 	Herman Carlson, Sven Bergqvist, Bertil Lundell, Holger Engberg, Torsten Johncke, Yngve Liljeberg, Bertil Norberg, Wilhelm Petersén, Ake Ericson, Stig-Emanuel Andersson, Lennart Hellman, Vilhelm Larsson-Lagheim, Ruben Carlsson
7 	 	Hermann Weiss, Hans Trauttenberg, Rudolf Vojta, Oskar Nowak, Fritz Demmer, Franz Csöngei, Hans Tatzer, Willibald Stanek, Lambert Neumaier, Franz Schüßler, Emil Seidler, Sepp Göbl
8 	 	Ferenc Monostori, Istvan Hircsak, Miklos Barcza, Matyas Farkas, Andras Gergely, Laszlo Gergely, Bela Haray, Frigyes Helmeczi, Zoltan Jeney, Sandor Miklos, Sandor Minder, Laszlo Rona, Ferenc Szamosi
9 	 	Jozef Stogowski, Henryk Przezdziecki, Mieczyslaw Kasprzycki, Adam Kowalski, Wladyslaw Krol, Wladyslaw Lemiszko, Witalis Ludwiczak, Czeslaw Marchewczyk, Kazimierz Sokolowski, Roman Stupnicki, Andrzej Wolkowski, Edward Zielinski
10 	 	Michel Paccard, Jacques Morisson, Philippe Boyard, Pierre Claret, Marcel Couttet, Michel Delesalle, Jean-Pierre Hagnauer, Albert Hassler, Jacques Lacarriere, Pierre Lorin, Guy Volpert
11 	 	Augusto Gerosa, Franco Rossi, Gianmario Baroni, Decio Trovati, Camillo Mussi, Gianni Scotti, Ignazio Dionisi, Mario Zucchini, Mario Maiocchi, Luigi Zucchini
12 	 	Teiji Honma, Mitsuyoshi Hiramoto, Kenichi Furuya, Nobuo Hara, Masahiro Hayama, Susumo Hirano, Tatsuo Ichikawa, Shinkichi Kamei, Kozue Kinoshita, Mastatsu Kitizawa, Torao Nihei, Toshihiko Shoji, Nobuo Sudo
13 	 	Albert Kunzler, Arnold Hirtz, Pic Cattini, Hans Cattini, Otto Heller, Ernst Hug, Herbert Kessler, Charly Kessler, Adolf Martignoni, Thomas Pleisch, Oscar Schmidt, Bibi Torriani
14 	 	Robert Baudinne, Georges Brohee, Walter Bastenie, Roger Bureau, Fernand Carrez, Jean De Beukelaer, Louis De Ridder, Willy Kreitz, Jef Lekens, Henry Matthysen, Georges Pootmans, Carlos Van den Driessche, Pierre Van Reysschoot
15 	 	Herberts Kuskis, Roberts Lapainis, Aleksejs Auzins, Janis Bebris, Roberts Blukis, Arvids Jurgens, Karlis Paegle, Arvids Petersons, Adolfs Petrovskis, Janis Rozitis, Leonids Vedejs
==Images==
1936Great Britain.jpg|Great Britain
1936Canada.jpg|Canada
1936USA.jpg|United States
36Germany.jpg|Germany
1936SWE-GBR.jpg|Sweden and Great Britain battle on the ice.
1936USA-CZE.jpg|The United States and Czechoslovakia playing at the Riessersee Rink.
==References==
*"International Hockey" by Dennis Gibbons
*Jeux Olympiques 1936
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Olympics, Winter
1936
1936