nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication

The Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) is a member-owned cooperative through which over 8,300 banking organizations, securities institutions and corporate customers in more than 208 countries exchange millions of standardized financial messages. 
In August of 2009, it was announced that Europe was prepared to reach an agreement that would formally allow the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) to provide the U.S. Treasury Department access to a limited set of sensitive data, in its pursuit of terrorists.
In November of 2006, a panel of EU data protection officials said that Swift violated European Union privacy laws by turning over information to U.S. authorities to help their investigations into terrorist activities. The panel, known as Article 29 Working Group, called on Swift to stop providing the data.
== History ==
On July 24 of 2012, it was announced that Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation (DTCC) and SWIFT had been named by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) to provide the CFTC Interim Compliant Identifier (CICI) for legal entities involved in over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives trading.
In February of 2016 SWIFT acknowleged that the cyber theft of $81 million from the Bangladesh central bank account at the New York Federal Reserve Bank had involved altering SWIFT software on the Bangladesh Bank's computers to hide evidence of fraudulent transfers. 
== Products and Services ==
SWIFT provides the proprietary communications platform, products and services that allow customers to connect and exchange financial information. SWIFT also acts as the catalyst to shape market practice, define standards and consider solutions to issues of mutual interest.
== Membership ==
== Key People ==
== References ==
Category:Industry Organizations
Soft Red Winter Wheat

Soft Red Winter Wheat (SRW) is a variety of wheat that plays a vital role in global agriculture and food production. It is known for its lower protein content and weaker gluten, which make it suitable for a wide range of food products. SRW wheat is primarily grown in regions with moderate climates, such as the United States, Canada, and parts of Europe. Its applications extend beyond direct human consumption, as it is also used for animal feed and industrial purposes.
==Characteristics of SRW Wheat==
Protein Content: SRW wheat typically has a lower protein content compared to hard wheat varieties like Hard Red Winter (HRW) or Hard Red Spring (HRS) wheat. This lower protein content results in weaker gluten formation, making it less suitable for bread-making.
Color: SRW wheat grains are usually light red or pale in color, distinguishing them from the amber or dark red kernels of hard wheat varieties.
Usage: Due to its weaker gluten structure, SRW wheat is often used in products such as pastries, cookies, cakes, crackers, and biscuits. It is also utilized in some types of noodles and pancakes.
==SRW Wheat Futures Market at CME Group==
The Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) Group offers futures contracts for Soft Red Winter Wheat as part of its agricultural commodities product suite. These futures contracts allow market participants to hedge price risks associated with SRW wheat and provide a means for price discovery and speculation.
==Key Features of SRW Wheat Futures Contracts at CME Group==
Contract Specifications: SRW wheat futures contracts at CME Group are standardized with specific contract specifications, including the size of the contract, delivery months, and contract months. Each contract is 5000 bushels of SRW wheat. 
Price Quotation: Prices for SRW wheat futures contracts are quoted in cents per bushel, with each contract representing a specific quantity of bushels.
Delivery Points: The futures contracts outline designated delivery points where physical delivery of SRW wheat can occur.
Market Participants: Market participants in SRW wheat futures include farmers, grain elevators, food processors, millers, traders, and speculators.
==Significance of SRW Wheat Futures==
Risk Management: SRW wheat futures allow farmers and other stakeholders in the wheat supply chain to hedge against price fluctuations. Farmers can use these contracts to lock in prices for their crops, reducing uncertainty and financial risk.
Price Discovery: The futures market for SRW wheat contributes to price discovery, helping establish transparent and fair prices for the commodity.
Global Trade: SRW wheat futures facilitate international trade in wheat by providing a standardized pricing mechanism. This is essential for global food security and efficient distribution.
Speculation: Traders and speculators participate in SRW wheat futures markets to profit from price movements, adding liquidity and depth to the market. 
== References ==
Category:Wheat
Category:CME Group
Category:Agricultural Commodities
Soft Red Winter Wheat Index

Soft Red Winter Wheat is the third most produced wheat in the U.S. It is used to produce flour for cakes and cookies and is harvested in the summer, with new-crop month in July.
MGEX offers futures and options that settle financially to the Soft Red Winter Wheat Index (SRWI), calculated daily by DTN. At the end of each calendar month, SRWI futures will be settled to the three-day average of spot SRWI for the last three trading days of the month. Because the spot SRWI is composed of bids collected from country elevators, it reflects country-level pricing for soft red winter wheat. Historical SRWI values are used in this analysis to evaluate potential basis levels and basis variability for hedges with MGEX SRWI futures contracts at alternative market locations.
The spot SRWI is calculated daily and is the simple average of posted elevator bids for U.S. No. 2 Soft Red Winter Wheat (SRWW). Elevator bids are collected through a DTM survey procedure.
Category:MGEX Contracts
Soft commodity

A soft commodity (aka "the softs") is a commodity such as sugar, cocoa and coffee that is grown and not mined. Cotton, orange juice and grains are also sometimes referred to as "soft products." 
== ICE Futures US ==
The most active softs commodity markets in the U.S. in coffee, sugar and cocoa are offered for trading at ICE Futures U.S., formerly the New York Board of Trade.
== NYMEX ==
At the New York Mercantile Exchange, soft commodities were listed with cash-settled contracts. Examples of commodity contracts include NYMEX cocoa (CJ), coffee (KT), cotton (TT), and sugar #11 (YO) futures contracts. These contracts are available for trading almost 24 hours a day on the CME's Globex® electronic trading platform. All NYMEX and COMEX clearing members may trade and clear these products.
NYMEX's cocoa futures have a trading unit of 10 metric tons and are quoted in U.S. dollars per metric ton with a minimum price increment of not less than $1.00 per metric ton. They trade with a March, May, July, September and December cycle for 23 months.
NYMEX's coffee futures have a trading unit of 37,500 pounds and are quoted in U.S. dollars per pounds. The minimum price fluctuation is $.0005 per pound. They trade with a March, May, July, September, and December cycle for the next 23 months.
 
== References ==
Category:Commodities
Category:Soft Commodities
Softek

Softek is a Toronto, Canada-based financial technology company offering a full suite of capital, credit and risk management solutions.
== History ==
Softek was founded in Toronto in 2002 to provide technology services focused on credit, capital and risk management. 
== Products and Services ==
The solutions focus on middle and back office post trade applications for clearing firms, fund administrators and other trade reconciliation providers. 
Services focus on proprietary trading, securities finance, broker-dealer, prime broker, clearing broker, hedge fund and wealth management areas.
== Key People ==
*Robert Bond, Founder & CEO
*Andrew Powell, CTO
*Patrick Hyland, Director of U.S. Sales and Marketing
== References ==
Category:FinTech Firms
Software platform

In software development, a "platform" is not simply an app or computer program. It is a technical framework, an enclosed environment within which applications, including dApps, can be made. Platforms often include tools for developers to create apps so that they do not have to code them from scratch. Facebook is an excellent example of this; although it is technically an application, it is also a platform, because apps can be built to run within it, and it includes tools that can be used to create Facebook apps with relative ease. Another example of this is Ethereum, which provides the capability for developers to create applications within the Ethereum "environment." 
Cryptocurrencies are generally transacted on purpose-built platforms. MarketsWiki avoids using the term "exchange" for these cryptocurrency trading environments that are not regulated as exchanges. To avoid confusing the unregulated and unregistered cryptocurrency trading platforms with equity and futures exchanges, the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) adopted the term "crypto-asset trading platform," which these pages mimic with slight adjustment.
== References ==	
Category:Decentralized Applications
Category:Digital Assets
Category:Definitions
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Sol Waksman

Sol Waksman is the founder and president of BarclayHedge, a firm that provides institutional clients and high-net-worth investors in the hedge fund and managed futures sectors with performance measurement and portfolio management products, niche publications, database and software programs and consulting services. 
He sold the firm to Backstop Solutions Group in December 2018 and serves as president of the Backstop BarclayHedge Division. 
 
== Background ==
Waksman has more than 30 years of executive experience in the industry. He has served as a director of The Foundation for Managed Derivatives Research. He has been a guest lecturer at Cornell University, served on industry panels, and published a number of articles about the managed futures industry. 
He was cited in a research paper in 2002 titled "Managed Futures and Hedge Funds: A Match Made in Heaven" by Harry M. Kat, Professor of Risk Management, Cass Business School, City University, London.
Fernando Diz, an assistant professor of finance at Syracuse University, and president of M&E Financial Markets Research, LLC, a registered Commodity Trading Advisor, thanked Waksman in his paper titled "How do CTAs’ Return Distribution Characteristics affect their likelihood of Survival?”
Waksman had money invested with the hedge fund manager Victor Niederhoffer when Niederhoffer went under in 1997.
== Education ==
Waksman holds a BA in psychology and economics from City University of New York.
== References ==	
Category:BarclayHedge
Solace Systems

Solace Systems is a content networking company based in Kanata, Ontario, Canada that manufactures and sells middleware appliances. Middleware appliances are rack-mountable network devices that implement message-oriented middleware and content-based routing in purpose-built hardware. The company claims that implementing these functions in hardware enables higher throughput and lower, more consistent latency than software alternatives.
Solace also has offices in New York City, Chicago, Mountain View, Atlanta, Toronto, London, Zurich, Munich, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Singapore and Sydney. The company was founded in 2001."Solace Systems Introduces Next-Generation Content Networking Router and Blades".
The company's major competitors are Informatica, TIBCO Software, and IBM (with their IBM WebSphere MQ Low Latency Messaging product).
Solace’s primary markets are the financial services, government, telecommunications, information/news distribution, transportation and logistics, internet services, cloud/utility computing, online gaming/gambling and energy industries. 
== Products ==
* Solace Message Router - Supports reliable messaging, guaranteed messaging, persistent and non-persistent JMS, ultra low latency messaging, IPC messaging, WAN-based messaging, message caching and internet data streaming.
* Solace Content Router - Compares message contents with rules-based subscriptions to identify appropriate recipients, transforms and truncates information to meet their needs, and delivers it to them. It supports reliable and guaranteed message routing and delivery in support of large-scale database synchronization, CEP pre-processing and geospatial analysis. 
Solace also has an OEM agreement with TIBCO Software to develop and manufacture the TIBCO Messaging Appliance which implements TIBCO’s Rendezvous messaging protocols in hardware "Tibco entering hardware space".
== References ==
==External links==
* Solace Systems website
* Solace to Stream Real-Time Market Data Over Web
* London Stock Exchange Selects Solace Systems For Messaging Technology
* TMX Group Selects Solace Systems
* CNSX Seeks Solace for 500-Microsecond Savings on Messages
* Standard Chartered Bank selects Solace Systems for FX trading platform
* Two Sigma Investments Picks Solace Systems for Messaging Infrastructure
* Liquidnet Selects Solace Systems for Messaging
* How Barclays Chose Its Messaging Middleware
* DHS Domestic Nuclear Detection Office Completes Initial Prototype of Solace Middleware Platform
* TIBCO Messaging Appliance news release
Solana

Solana is a fast, censorship-resistant blockchain built for scale. 
On June 9, 2021 Solana Labs announced it had completed a private token sale of $314,159,265 (the first nine digits of the number pi) from a number of investors including Andreessen Horowitz, Polychain Capital, Alameda Research, CoinShares, and Jump Trading, among others. The funds were intended to help accelerate dApp (decentralized applications) and DeFi (decentralized finance) development built on the Solana network. 
The announcement was preceded by rumors in the cryptocurrency press pitting Solana against Ethereum, saying that Solana's new funding was intended to "kill" Ethereum: "Solana Rumored To Be Raising $450 Million To Build An Ethereum-Killer," "Solana Blockchain Allegedly Raising Up To $450 Million As It Takes On Ethereum: Report" and "Solana Aims to Raise $450 Million to Battle Ethereum Supremacy." 
== References ==
Category:cryptocurrency
Category:DeFi
Category:Proof of stake
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Somalia Stock Exchange

The Somalia Stock Exchange is an exchange platform, whose creation was announced in August of 2012. It is expected to be based in Nairobi, Kenya. 
The exchange plans to include companies such as Hormuud Telecom as well as other energy and financial firms. No date has been set for the formal creation yet. The exchange plans to move to Mogadishu once the situation settles in the warring state. The exchange plans to offer sharia compliant sukuk bonds and halal equities.
Key players in the exchange's creation are Idd Mohamed, ambassador extraordinary and deputy permanent representative to the United Nations, and NSE chief Peter Mwangi. 
The NSE has been known for establishing exchanges for other struggling nations such as Rwanda and Tanzania.
== References ==
Category:Exchanges
Category:Emerging Markets
Sonia Attkiss

__NOTOC__ 
Sonia Attkiss is a director at Credit Suisse Private Banking.
== Background ==
After graduating from Harvard University, Attkiss worked in Ottawa for a member of Parliament and then spent five years in advertising. She earned an MBA and entered the training program at Donaldson Lufkin & Jenrette, which was acquired by Credit Suisse in 2000. 
== Education ==
Attkiss attended Harvard University. She entered the training program at Donaldson Lufkin & Jenrette.
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Sophis

Sophis was a financial technology company bought by Misys in 2011.
Sophis was a provider of cross-asset, front-to-back portfolio and risk management technology for capital markets, asset management and insurance. 
The company had a global presence with 300 employees and 11 offices around the world serving 130 market-leading institutions, including investment banks, asset managers and hedge funds. Its technology solution Sophis RISQUE was dedicated to the sell-side and Sophis VALUE is dedicated to the buy side. 
== History ==
In July 2007, the private equity fund Advent International acquired a majority stake in Sophis. The value of the transaction was not disclosed. 
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
*Hervé Vinciguerra, Founder and Supervisory Board Member
*Pascal Xatart,CEO 
== References ==
Category:Risk Management Companies
Category:Misys
Category:Acquired Companies
Sortino Ratio

The Sortino Ratio is similar to the Sharpe Ratio, but uses the downside deviation rather than the standard deviation to measure risk. Like the Sharpe Ratio, the Sortino Ratio measures risk-adjusted returns of investments or portfolios. The use of downside-volatility allows the Sortino Ratio to measure the return of "negative" volatility.
This ratio is complicated by the fact that data may not exist for an extended period of declining securities prices.
The Sortino Ratio is often used by hedge funds, mutual funds, managed futures funds, and other money managers as a standardized way of reporting the level of risk the fund is using to achieve its returns.
The Sortino Ratio was developed to tell the difference between good and bad volatility in the Sharpe Ratio.
== Defined ==
Developed by Frank Sortino, the return (numerator) is defined as the incremental compound average period return over a Minimum Acceptable Return (MAR). Risk (denominator) is defined as the Downside Deviation below a Minimum Acceptable Return (MAR).
== References ==
Category:Market Definitions
Category:Portfolio Performance Metrics
Soulja Boy

Soulja Boy (DeAndre Cortez Way) is an American rapper.
== Background ==
DeAndre Cortez Way, AKA Soulja Boy, is a rapper best known for his 2007 single "Crank Dat," which became a number one single on various pop music charts.
=== Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies ===
In 2018, Way released an album entitled "Young Drako." In the fourth song on the album, which is titled "Bitcoin," Way raps about the cryptocurrency market, saying he made "100 racks ($100,000) off of bitcoin." He also refers to another cryptocurrency, Litecoin, in the song. 
On May 26, 2021, showing that he was still kicking it crypto', Soulja Boy tweeted out a promotion for a new coin saying, "Found an interesting project 
@safermars - looks moon worthy" along with an indication that he would be paid for the tweet if it generated sufficient new investment. Later he removed the remuneration statement. Deleting the reference to payment was a perhaps hazardous move because other celebrities, like Paris Hilton and Floyd Mayweather Jr., have been penalized by the U.S Securities and Exchange Commission for not revealing publicly that they had been paid for promotional activities. 
== References ==
Category:musicians
Category:celebrities
Category:bitcoin
Category:trading
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
South Asian Federation of Exchanges

The Islamabad-based South Asian Federation of Exchanges (Safe) represents operators in Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Nepal, India, Bhutan and Bangladesh, and provides a platform for industry advocacy and joint development of regulations and listings rules.
== Leadership ==
Aftab Ahmad, secretary general (Managing Director, Islamabad Stock Exchange)
Rajnikant Patel, chairman (Managing Director and CEO, Bombay Stock Exchange)
Ahmed Rashid, vice-chairman (senior vice-president, Dhaka Stock Exchange)
== Membership ==
Bombay Stock Exchange, Chittagong Stock Exchange, Colombo Stock Exchange, Dhaka Stock Exchange, Islamabad Stock Exchange, Karachi Stock Exchange, Lahore Stock Exchange, Maldives Stock Exchange, National Commodity Exchange Limited, National Stock Exchange of India, Nepal Stock Exchange, Royal Securities Exchange of Bhutan, Stock Exchange of Mauritius
== References ==
category:Industry Associations
South Asian Securities Regulators' Forum

__NOTOC__
The South Asian Securities Regulators' Forum (SASRF) was formed as an offshoot of the South Asian Federation of Exchanges (SAFE) in 2005 to facilitate more integrated securities investment between its members. SASRF members continue discussing market reforms on issues like cross-border listings but by mid-2010 little tangible progress had been made.
== Background ==
Forming SASRF was originally proposed at a 2004 regional meeting of the International Organization of Securities Commissions as a joint project of the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) and the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).The SEBP had already signed a memorandum of understanding with the Securities and Exchange Commission of Sri Lanka (SECSL) adressing similar integration issues one year earlier. The SASRF was signed in June 2005 between Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh and Mauritius after being proposed at SAFE's fifth annual conference held in Islamabad, joined by India later in 2005 and Sri Lanka in 2006.
SASRF was established to gain the support of securities regulators in South Asia for the aims of the South Asian Federation of Exchanges (SAFE) on integrating the region's capital markets and encouraging more cross-border trade. But by 2008, regulators in member countries like Pakistan were calling on the SASRF to accelerate moves to integrate their investment markets to remain competitive with regional competitors.
== Membership ==
* Securities and Exchange Commission of Bangladesh
* Securities and Exchange Board of India
* Financial Services Commission of Mauritius
* Securities Board of Nepal
* Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan
* Securities and Exchange Commission of Sri Lanka
== Key people ==
Former SECP Chairman Tariq Hassan was elected chairman of the SASRF at its first meeting in 2005, while Deepak Raj Kaflé, formerly chairman of the Securities Board of Nepal, was elected vice-chairman of SASRF.
== References ==
category:Regulators
Sovereign debt

Sovereign debt is debt that is issued by a national government in order to finance the issuing country's growth. It is theoretically considered to be risk-free, as the government can employ different measures to guarantee repayment, e.g. increase taxes or print money.
Just as the U.S. issues Treasuries backed by the full faith and credit of the government, other nations sell bonds in order to raise money to pay for programs ranging from armies to public health care. 
 
== References ==