Melphalan (Alkeran)

==General information==
Class/mechanism: Nitrogen mustard, alkylator. Melphalan is a bischloroethylamine alkylating agent that crosslinks DNA by binding at the N7 position of guanine, with activity against resting and proliferating cells.Melphalan (Alkeran) package insertMelphalan (Alkeran) package insert (locally hosted backup)
Route: IV, PO
Extravasation: irritant or neutral, depending on reference
For conciseness and simplicity, HemOnc.org currently will focus on treatment regimens and not list information such as: renal/hepatic dose adjustments, metabolism (including CYP450), excretion, monitoring parameters (although this will be considered for checklists), or manufacturer. Instead, for the most current information, please refer to your preferred pharmacopeias or the prescribing information. 
==Diseases for which it is established==
*Plasma cell dyscrasia
**Light-chain (AL) amyloidosis
**Multiple myeloma (FDA)
**Plasma cell leukemia
==Diseases for which it is used==
*Acute myeloid leukemia
*Acute promyelocytic leukemia
*Ewing sarcoma
*Classical Hodgkin lymphoma
*Neuroblastoma
*Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
**CNS lymphoma
**Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
**HIV-associated lymphoma
**Indolent lymphoma
***Follicular lymphoma
**Mantle cell lymphoma
**Peripheral T-cell lymphoma
==Diseases for which it was used==
*Breast cancer
*Ovarian cancer (FDA)
*Smoldering multiple myeloma
==Patient drug information==
*Melphalan (Alkeran) patient drug information (Chemocare)Melphalan (Alkeran) patient drug information (Chemocare)
*Melphalan (Alkeran) patient drug information (UpToDate)Melphalan (Alkeran) patient drug information (UpToDate)
==History of changes in FDA indication==
*1964-01-17: Initial FDA approvalMelphalan (Alkeran) FDA approval history
*Uncertain date: Indicated for the palliative treatment of multiple myeloma. (Based on SWG01)
*Uncertain date: Indicated for the palliation of non-resectable epithelial carcinoma of the ovary. (No supporting studies are cited)
==History of changes in EMA indication==
*1963-09-26: EURD
==Also known as==
*Generic names: L-PAM, L-Sacrolysin, L-Sarcolysin, MPL, phenylalanine mustard
*Brand names: Alkeran, Alkerana, Evomela, Levofolan, Melfalan, Phelinun
==References==
Category:Drugs
Category:Intravenous medications
Category:Oral medications
Category:Irritant
Category:Neutral
Category:Alkylating agents
Category:Nitrogen mustards
Category:Acute myeloid leukemia medications
Category:Acute promyelocytic leukemia medications
Category:Classical Hodgkin lymphoma medications
Category:CNS lymphoma medications
Category:Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma medications
Category:Ewing sarcoma medications 
Category:Follicular lymphoma medications
Category:HIV-associated lymphoma medications
Category:Indolent lymphoma medications
Category:Light-chain (AL) amyloidosis medications
Category:Mantle cell lymphoma medications
Category:Multiple myeloma medications
Category:Neuroblastoma medications
Category:Peripheral T-cell lymphoma medications
Category:Plasma cell leukemia medications
Category:Breast cancer medications (historic)
Category:Ovarian cancer medications (historic)
Category:Smoldering multiple myeloma medications (historic)
Category:FDA approved in 1964
Category:EMA approved in 1963
Category:WHO Essential Cancer Medicine