NoFap

NoFap Also known as the Claude Frollo Fan Club is a pointless non-masturbation advocacy movement which promotes denying oneself self-pleasure (or for the more extreme, any sexual activity) for a variety of terrible reasons, often religious reasons. The community itself relies on a combination of pseudoscience, abstinence-based sexual ideology, anecdotal assertions, and whatever arguments the group's founder and followers can come up with to promote the idea that masturbation is harmful. Their largest online hub consists of the NoFap subreddit, as well as a website created by community founder Alexander Rhodes, which attempts to help people recover from the purported effects of so-called "porn addiction" and masturbation addiction. While NoFap claims that its views are rational and empirical, they actually have no basis in science or medicine whatsoever. Participants claim that abstinence from porn, masturbation, and orgasms (PMO) improves their mental abilities.'It gave me superpowers': The men who say sexual abstinence changed their lives. They are part of the 200,000-person strong 'NoFap' community by Kashmira Gande (Tuesday 4 October 2016) The Independent.https://www.reddit.com/r/NoFap/comments/7cxlx5/what_pmo_stands_for/ 
Most NoFappers are religious fundamentalists, as many of them believe in the concept of "sin", even if these so-called "sins" are harmless. Although they have to make up excuses for why these "sins" are harmful, so they might have trouble believing in divine command theory, and have to "justify" why these "sins" are "bad". Similar to anti-gay "scientists", with the same sexual repression.
A scientific study of the group found themes of toxic masculinity, with members encouraging one another to conquer women sexually as a way of demonstrating their progress in "recovery".'I want that power back': Discourses of masculinity within an online pornography abstinence forum by Taylor & Jackson Sexualities. As is to be expected, quite a few NoFappers are a part of the manosphere.Lahdenpää, Reima. "The Warriors' Cult: representations of masculinity on the subreddit/r/TheRedPill." (2018). While it is true that brief periods without sexual stimulation may increase one's pleasure during their next sexual encounter, there is no evidence that complete abstinence from sex or masturbation offers any special benefits over regular healthy sexual activity. There is also no evidence that masturbation itself is physically or psychologically harmful, while the validity of pornography addiction is a highly contentious subject.How does celibacy affect your health? by Valinda Riggins Nwadike & Zawn Villines (April 12, 2023) Medical News Today.
=="Porn addiction"==
According to NoFap's website, porn addiction is defined as:
NoFap openly acknowledges that porn addiction is not an official disorder, yet treats porn addiction as a fact anyway. NoFap goes so far as to support the idea that porn is a "public hazard",https://www.nofap.com/news/pamela-anderson-is-right-about-pornography/ but also "does not support legislation to restrict the creation or consumption of pornography".https://www.nofap.com/about/
Other studies suggest that porn addiction isn't even real,Jennifer Abel, Researchers: pornography addiction isn't real; Though self-identified porn addicts are probably sincere. Consumer Reports. but seems to be a largely self-attributed problem in religious people.Christians fear porn addiction. health24,com, 3 April 2014.Religious People More Likely To Feel They’re Addicted To Porn, New Study Shows. The Huffington Post, 17 February 2014.Tom Hymes, Note to Religious Porn Addicts: You're NOT Addicted to Porn! avn.com, 3 April 2014. However, reporting feeling addicted to porn is not exclusive to religious people. While fear of masturbation has been a staple of organized religion since time immemorial, a modern shot in the arm of the controversy seems to stem from recent attention paid to a tract called Onania, which apparently had some impact on British society.http://nymag.com/scienceofus/2014/08/why-were-scared-of-masturbation.html
In 2012, a man named Gary Wilson gave a TEDx talk called "The great porn experiment", which has received millions of views on Youtube; his lecture focuses primarily on the topic of "pornography addiction",https://www.lehmiller.com/blog/2012/8/15/the-great-porn-experiment-online-pornography-addiction-and-e.html and has been cited numerous times on NoFap.https://forum.nofap.com/index.php?search/86428594/&q=great+porn+experiment&t=post&o=date Unfortunately, there are a couple of huge red flags. Firstly, comments have been disabled, which is usually a bad sign. Secondly, the video has a big fat disclaimer attached to it:
According to an obituary published by his family (he passed away in 2021), Wilson "taught human pathology, anatomy, and physiology for years and [had] long been interested in the neurochemistry of addiction, mating, and bonding."https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/best-selling-author-of-your-brain-on-porn-gary-wilson-has-passed-away-301299926.html He was also the posthumous recipient of an award from the National Center on Sexual Exploitation (NCOSE),https://nofap.com/articles/gary-wilson-your-brain-on-porn-wins-ncose-award/ formerly known as Morality in Media, an "anti-pornography group"https://www.newsweek.com/before-its-sex-content-ban-anti-porn-group-asked-doj-probe-onlyfans-1621315 founded by clergymen which recently tried to force OnlyFans to remove sexually explicit content from their site.https://www.them.us/story/anti-lgbtq-group-onlyfans-porn-ban
However, other sources have claimed that Wilson had "no scientific training or background",https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/2022/25773/NewCensorship.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y and "made a career peddling pseudoscience and speaking about pornography addiction". 
Psychologist Jason Winters, a lecturer on human sexuality at the University of British Columbia, was unequivocal in his response to Wilson's assertions:
On his website, Your Brain on Porn, Wilson argued that "porn can cause desensitization through brain rewiring".
So what do actual scientists make of such claims?:
Wilson and Your Brain on Porn also deliberately misinterpreted and misrepresented scientific studies. For example, an article about a 2014 Cambridge University study by Dr. Valerie Voon was entitled "Internet porn addiction mirrors drug addiction".https://www.yourbrainonporn.com/relevant-research-and-articles-about-the-studies/porn-use-sex-addiction-studies/cambridge-university-study-internet-porn-addiction-mirrors-drug-addiction-voon-et-al-2014/ However, a Guardian article written about the study by Dr. Christopher Chambers, a professor of cognitive neuroscience at Cardiff University, debunked this claim:
Despite the fact that "there isn't much scientific research to support Wilson's claims",https://www.vice.com/en/article/mvk5e4/dipping-my-dick-in-the-nofap-movement the symptoms that he described "align with the anecdotal evidence" of many NoFappers.
Although NoFap touts itself as secular, a lot of the scientific claims they make are also repeated by Fight the New Drug, a group founded by Mormonshttps://www.thedailybeast.com/porn-kills-love-mormons-anti-smut-crusade which has been repeatedly criticized for peddling pseudosciencehttps://medium.com/@HARLOT/fight-the-new-drug-s-online-porn-rehab-is-insidious-pseudoscience-that-preys-on-youth-1c0c935bd4f3 and purposely misrepresenting the results of studies.https://archive.sltrib.com/article.php?id=4409139&itype=CMSID 
On such websites, "[t]he claims and studies cited are, more often than not, poorly designed, suspiciously funded, misleading, incorrectly derived, or just outright false". One of these studies was even co-authored by Wilson, and attempted to link internet pornography to erectile dysfunction ("pornography-induced erectile-dysfunction (PIED)"):https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5039517/ 
Other studies have thoroughly debunked this assertion:https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/all-about-sex/202201/evidence-mounts-porn-doesnt-cause-erectile-dysfunction
In one of the studies cited above, "a small number of men reported both frequent porn watching and ED." However:
Some NoFappers have even compared porn to other addictive substances. In one interview, Rhodes likened "pornography to cigarettes."https://mattfradd.wordpress.com/2014/01/21/interview-with-nofap-founder/
Number of deaths caused by tobacco use each year: 8 millionhttps://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco
Number of deaths caused by watching porn each year: zero
Great comparison.
==Scientific view==
The American Psychological Association stated that "when the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) was being drafted, experts considered a proposed diagnostic addiction called hypersexual disorder, which also included a pornography subtype."http://www.apa.org/monitor/2014/04/pornography.aspx Eventually, in 2018, a behavior called "compulsive sexual behavior disorder"ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics, 2019-04, World Health Organization (CSBD) was included in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases guidelines (ICD-11). However, it is important to recognize that this behavior can only be classified as such when it is an impulse control disorder, where the activity interferes with normal social functionality, and thus can be seen as similar to other impulse control disorders, including a few others that are sometimes labeled "addictions" in popular culture (such as compulsive gambling), and many others that do not (such as trichotillomania, or compulsive, excessive hair pulling)."Compulsive Sexual Behavior Is Now Recognized as a Disorder, But It isn’t the Same as Sex Addiction", Carolyn L. Todd, Self, July 27 2018 Whether compulsive behaviour "can or should be described as an addiction is far from supported or accepted."https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/women-who-stray/201801/compulsive-sexual-behavior-disorder-in-icd-11 Many people who claim to have a "porn addiction" often do so if they regularly watch a non-zero amount of pornography, which complicates things.
Higher than normal frequency in itself, or being into sexual activities that violate the current cultural norm, are not qualifications for a diagnosis of CSBD (indeed, psychological researchers urge caution with this diagnosis due to fear of overpathologizing normal and healthy sexual behavior). There is no scientific justification for NoFap's reasoning for "pornography addiction" (it is "more available", "more novel", and "more stimulating" than "primitive sex""Porn addiction - what is it?", NoFap.com all subjective terms). Indeed, the general consensus is that masturbation is a normal, healthy activity (except when compulsive to the point of physical damage)."NoFap Benefits: Real or Overhyped?", Adrienne Santos-Longhurst, Healthline Studies do acknowledge that the concept of "pornography addiction" does exist within this impulse control disorder behavioral framework; there is considerable debate on whether or not "addiction" is a proper term."Pornography addiction – a supranormal stimulus considered in the context of neuroplasticity", Donald L. Hilton Jr., Brain and Addiction, 2013 04 Mar"Is Pornography Addictive?", Kirsten Weir, Monitor on Psychology, April 2014 However, proponents of the "addiction" term, like Dr. Donald L. Hilton, do not help their argument when they falsely accuse individuals that do not believe the term "addiction" is accurate of "[[Argumentum ad hominem|personally appear[ing] in pornographic films, attend[ing] the Adult Video Network awards, and molest[ing] children in [their] laboratory]]", suggesting perhaps that Hilton's Mormon background may have more influence on some of his conclusions than anything based on neuroscience."Porn feud, sex-harassment complaint lead to defamation suit" by Patrick Danner, San Antonio Express News, 2019 June 28
Whether or not the term "addiction" is applied, it must be understood that the behavioral effects of pornography while hotly debated, with a wide range of purported positives and negatives"Sexuality and pornography", Gert Martin Haid, APA Handbook of Sexuality and Psychology: Contextual Approaches. ed. / D. Tolman; L. Diamond; J. Bauermeister; W. George; J. Pfaus; M. Ward. Vol. 2 Washington, DC : American Psychological Association, 2014. p. 3-35 are not ordinarily "addictive" outside of those with impulse control disorders. Furthermore, some of the reluctance of researchers to use the term "addiction" perhaps stems from evangelical misuse of the term "pornography addiction" over the last several decades."The Development and Deployment of the Idea of Pornography Addiction Within American Evangelicalism", Jeremy N. Thomas, Sexual Addiction and Compulsivity: The Journal of Treatment and Prevention
The initial Reddit discussion regarding NoFap concerned the effects of abstention on testosterone levels. It is true that there may be a small increase in testosterone levels during abstention, with one study finding levels peaking after roughly one week of refraining from ejaculation."A research on the relationship between ejaculation and serum testosterone level in men.", Journal of Zhejiang University, 2003 Mar-Apr However, this phenomenon is currently not well studied, and other studies have found no differences in plasma testosterone levels after orgasm, nor masturbation having any significant effect on testosterone levels."Studies on the Relationship Between Plasma Testosterone Levels and Human Sexual Activity", Journal of Endocrinology, Jan 1972. The current data certainly does not scientifically justify the many other bro-science oriented claims that often both overplay masculinity traits and reflect typical, often religiously motivated, negative stereotypes about masturbation."Can abstaining from playing with yourself turn your life around?", Julian A., The Startup, Medium.com, May 4 For most people, masturbation is a normal and healthy activity which has a variety of positive health impacts.
===Individual studies===
NoFappers claim that sex addiction shows similar patterns to those of a cocaine addict. With actual drugs, each use should be desensitizing; however, this pattern was not found in the so-called sex addicts. In one particular study of "sex addicts", these individuals showed an increased response to erotica that was relatively higher compared to normal individuals. In fact, these so called "sex addicts" have matching brain patterns to those with high libido who don't identify as "sex addicts". The study deemed that there is no neural evidence for porn addiction.https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/women-who-stray/201307/your-brain-porn-its-not-addictive On the contrary, NoFapper's anecdotal evidence clearly has more authority than actual scientific studies.
=="Rebooting"==
NoFap presents several options to overcome "porn addiction". No scientific evidence, only anecdotal evidence, confirms the effectiveness of rebooting. Plus, NoFap often considers non-zero viewership of pornography to be an "addiction", which muddles things up.
"Debating with them is akin to debating Genesis with an evangelical," Ley said, adding that belief isn't a substitute for evidence. "Like all true believers, they want to shout at the people they disagree with until they give in."https://www.cnet.com/features/porn-addiction-is-ruining-lives-but-scientists-arent-convinced-its-real/
==NoFap gives you superpowers==
According to some rather opinionated individuals, NoFap gives you superpowers. X-ray vision? Super strength? Invisibility? Nope. Being horny all the time, no doubt. Ranting about people who are wrong on the Internet about the evils of porn, to the point of harassment and no-merit defamation lawsuits against neuroscientists? Oh, absolutely."NoFap Founder Is Suing a Neuroscientist Who Thinks Masturbating Is Fine" by Samantha Cole, Vice, 2019 November 13
Most NoFappers tend to be religious, often excessively so, so their real problem may be their belief in the irrational concept that masturbation or sexual thoughts are "sinful" rather than masturbation itself. So the positive symptoms they may have may be due to the placebo affect. If you thought eating hamburgers was "sinful", and 
you didn't eat any, you would be relieved. But the real solution isn't to stop eating hamburgers, but to stop thinking that ridiculous things are bad, and to stop acting like there's an abusive tyrant in the sky who's going to strike them for doing harmless things. There isn't.
==Alt-right==
The Proud Boys have a "no wanks" requirement as part of its hierarchy (second degree).626: White Haze Transcript (09.22.2017) This American Life. Rhodes also has appeared on a podcast with the former leader of the Proud Boys., The Gavin McInnes Show, Episode 122
==Nocturnal emissions==
The theme of nocturnal emissions exposes many of the problems inherent with NoFap "knowledge". A whole range of rather differing opinions on nocturnal emissions pepper the NoFap-o-verse. Opinions range from the "you cannot do anything about it so don't beat yourself up about it" (was there a pun intended?) to the judgmental and shaming view that "nocturnal emissions are your fault cause you aren't controlling your dreams" or at least controlling your lifestyle or diet choices that lead to wet underwear. In the extreme end of the surreal, one should correlate what food leads to wet dreams and stop eating that food. For many, a noctural emission is no different to having a wank, you've remitted and are a pornoholic again and must start over. The speculative nature and wide variety of takes on the issues reveal how factless much of NoFap knowledge is. One of the most recurring themes on nocturnal emissions is the sense of shame for having a wet dream, a symptom of a larger sense of irrational self-hate for not being able to eliminate natural and healthy sexual urges. Interestingly enough, in many of the discussions hosted on Reddit and NoFap comment boards, there tends to be a lot of empathy and emotional support among NoFappers helping one another through not just nocturnal emissions, but all of their "failings" in getting control over their so-called porn addictions and accompanying sadness.
==Postorgasmic Illness Syndrome==
Another possible reason for the negative effects that some participants of the NoFap community talk about experiencing after PMO could be due to the Postorgasmic Illness Syndrome, a rare but possibly under-diagnosed condition. This condition is currently thought to be an autoimmune disorder, which involves the appearance of cognitive and physical symptoms after orgasm, whether after masturbation, sexual intercourse, or spontaneously in the sleep (nocturnal emissions); those symptoms include brain fog, fatigue, flu-like symptoms, concentration difficulties, and others.Postorgasmic illness syndrome (POIS), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health.
It is possible that a portion of NoFap users experience the Post Orgasmic Illness Syndrome symptoms, but are not aware of it being a disorder and believe it to be due to the sexual activities themselves, and therefore when they abstain, their symptoms decrease, which they interpret as the NoFap superpowers.
==See also==
*Gavin McInnes — leader of the Proud Boys circlejerk (pun entirely intended)
*Sex trafficking
*Sex worker-exclusionary radical feminism, the other end of the horseshoe.
==External links==
*Short essay explaining why NoFap and Your Brain On Porn's claims are false (Pastebin mirror)
* /r/NoFap/ Subreddit
* NoFap website
** The discussion of this article on NoFap's forums (looks like you have to create an account to see that particular thread)
* Your Brain on Porn
* Twitter
** NoFap
** Alexander Rhodes
==Notes==
==References==
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