nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Coarse-grain

== Description ==
Wood or stone with a coarse texture due to widely spaced growth rings or large, distinct particles. Coarse-grain wood has an distinct texture pattern when cut.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
coarse-grain (adj.); coarse grain (when grain is the noun); coarse-grained; à gros grain (Fr.); grão grosseiro (Port.)
==Resources and Citations==
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996 Comment: coarse-grained
* R. Bruce Hoadley, Identifying Wood, The Taunton Press, Newton, CT, 1990 Comment: coarse grain
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 Comment: preferred term = coarse-grain
Category:Materials database
Coarse stuff

== Description ==
A coarse, fiber-filled, base coat for plaster. Coarse stuff contains lime paste mixed with sand and hair. Other fiber fillers may be used such as sisal, jute, wood, or asbestos. This coarse plaster mixture was used for the base plaster layers applied to the metal or wooden lathes. It was covered with a smooth finish plaster (see fine stuff).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
fiber plaster; plâtre fibreux (Fr.); scratch coat; brown coat
==Resources and Citations==
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
* NPS Briefs at www2.cr.nps/tps/briefs/brief21.htm
Category:Materials database
Coast live oak

== Description ==
An evergreen oak, Quercus agrifolia native to the Pacific coastal regions of North America from California to the Baja peninsula. The coast live oak has light brown wood that is strong and hard. Its wood was once highly valued by shipbuilders. Now it is mainly grown as a shade tree.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Quercus agrifoia (California live oak)
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Large tree growing to 30 m with large spreading branches. 
* Bark=gray brown, ridges develop with age. 
* Leaves=evergreen, shiny on top surface, elliptical with spiny margins 
* Fruit = long narrow acorn with scaly cap maturing in one year.
==Resources and Citations==
* Virginia Tech Dendrology website at www.fw.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/main.htm (accessed Oct. 8, 2005)
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coast_live_oak (Accessed Oct. 8, 2005)
Category:Materials database
Coated paper

== Description ==
A paper coated on one or both sides with a mixture of materials (e.g., binder and pigment) or a polymer. The coating provides a smooth, enamel-like surface for writing and printing. A type of coated paper was used as early as 450 CE in China. Uniform machine-made coated papers have been used for over 100 years to provide optimum surfaces for printing. Some of the white pigments used in the coatings are: barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium sulfite, clay, diatomaceous earth, lead white, satin white, talc, zinc sulfide, lithopone, zinc oxide, and titanium dioxide. Over the years, the binders have changed from the early use of starch to include the use of linseed oil, gums, glues, and waxes. Recently synthetic resins such as Acrylic resin, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, oir Styrene-butadiene latex. The coatings are often burnished or calendared to produce a glossy finish. The plastic coating provide a protective layer to resists scuffs, moisture and tearing.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
enamel paper; burnished paper; gloss paper; clay coated paper; kundstdrukpapier (Ned.); papier couché (Fr.); Kunstdruckpapier (Deut.); carta patinata (It.); papel cuché (Esp.); papel estucado (Esp.); konsttryck paper (Sven.)
==Applications==
* Prints of images, photographic paper, book covers
* Advertising, brochures, calendars, catalogs, postcards
* Paper food containers, cups, plates, cartons, bags
== Risks ==
* May stick together when wet.
* The combination of paper fibers with a plastic coating makes the paper unsuitable for either composting or recycling.
==Resources and Citations==
* Wikipedia: Coated Paper Accessed Nov 2024
* D.van Der Reyden, E.Mosier, M.Baker "Pigment-Coated Papers I: History and Technology" ICOM Preprints Washington DC, 1993, pp. 491-498.
* Boise Cascade Paper Group, The Paper Handbook, Boise Cascade, Portland OR, 1989
* E.J.LaBarre, Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Paper-making, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 1969 Comment: found as early as 1857
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Papermaking." Accessed 28 Apr. 2004.
* Book and Paper Group, Paper Conservation Catalog, AIC, 1984, 1989
* Silvie Turner, Which Paper?, Design Press, New York, 1991
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986
* Multilingual Glossary for Art Librarians at http://www.ifla.org/VII/s30/pub/mgl.htm
Category:Materials database
Cobalt

== Description ==
A hard, ductile metallic element. Cobalt was first identified by Georg Brandt of Sweden in 1735. It has an abundance of 0.001-0.002% in the earth's crust and is found in the minerals smaltite, cobaltite, chloanthite, linnaetite, and erythrite. Metallic cobalt is added to alloys to increase hardness at high temperatures. It is also ferromagnetic. Cobalt oxides and salts are usually blue and are used as pigments in paints, glass, and ceramic glazes. Examples of blue cobalt colorants include amarna blue (ancient Egypt), blue glass (ancient China, 14th c. Persia), smalt (ground blue glass used as pigment in Europe), and cobalt blue (synthetic blue pigment developed in France).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Co; cobalto (It., Port., Esp.,); Kobolt (Ned., Sven.)
== Risks ==
* Flammable solid. 
* May explode when heated. 
* Fumes may cause irritation or illness. 
* Dust is toxic by inhalation. 
* Contact may cause irritation. 
* Potential carcinogen. 
* Fisher Scientific: MSDS
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Soluble in mineral acids and attacked slowly by alkalis.
Composition 	Co (atomic no. 27)
CAS 	7440-48-4
Melting Point 	1493 C
Density 	8.92 g/ml
Molecular Weight	atomic wt = 58.9332
Boiling Point 	about 3100 C
== Resources and Citations ==
* Web Elements: Website
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 60
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 2488
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Cobalt drier

== Description ==
Organic salts of cobalt used to speed the curing time of paints, varnishes and printing inks.. Cobalt driers act as an oxidation catalyst, drying the film from the top down. Excessive amounts of drier can cause the films to wrinkle and yellow. Cobalt driers are currently used by the coatings industry. They have been used in artist oil paints since the 19th century. Small amounts (less than 5%) are cooked with the drying oil. They were often used in an oil-based glazing media prepared with stand oil, pure gum turpentine, and dammar. Examples of cobalt driers are cobalt naphthenate, cobalt oleate, cobalt linoleate and cobalt abietate.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
cobalt siccative; secativo de cobalto (Esp., Port.); seccativo al cobalto (It.) 
Examples include: cobalt octoate (Octa-Soligen cobalt); cobalt naphthenate; cobalt oleate; cobalt lineolate; cobalt abietate
== Risks ==
*Excess drier may cause films to wrinkle and yellow. 
* Potentially toxic. 
* May cause allergic reactions.
==Resources and Citations==
* Guy Weismantel, Paint Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 1981
Category:Materials database
Cobalt glass

== Description ==
A vivid blue glass that contains cobalt oxide as a colorant. Cobalt glass was manufactured as early as the 2nd millennium BCE (Odgen 1982). The most likely sources of cobalt oxide were the ores from the Caucasus region and Iran. Cobalt glass manufactured in Egypt and Mycenae contains traces of zinc that is not found in the cobalt glass from Mesopotamia region (Odgen 1982).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
vidrio cobalto (Esp.); verre au cobalt (Fr.); cobalt glas (Ned.); vidro de cobalto (Port.); metz glass; blue glass
== Resources and Citations ==
* J. Ogden, Jewelry of the Ancient World, Rizzoli International Publications, New York, 1982.
Category:Materials database
Cobalt green

== Description ==
A composite green pigment composed of cobalt and zinc oxides that have been calcined together. First developed in 1780 by Sven Rinman, a Swedish chemist, cobalt green, or Rinman's green, was not sold as an artists pigment in 1835. Cobalt green is a permanent, bright, bluish-green pigment. It is a good drier in oil paints but has low tinctorial power. The name cobalt green has also been used for some commercial paints that have a mixture of cobalt blue and chrome yellow.
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|CobaltgrUCL.jpg~Raman]]]
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Pigment Green 19; CI 77335; verde cobalto (Esp.); Kobaltgrün (Deut.); Rinmansgrün (Deut.); vert de cobalt (Fr.); prasino toy kobaltioy (Gr.); verde di cobalto (It.); verde di zinco (It.); cobaltgroen (Ned.); verde de cobalto (Port.); zinc green (incorrect); Rinman's green; Rinmann's green; Saxony green; Swedish green; smalt green; Gellert green;
== Risks ==
* Skin contact may cause allergies, especially on elbows, neck and ankles. 
* Chronic inhalation may cause asthma. 
* Ingestion may cause vomiting, diarrhea and the sensation of hotness.
* Kremer-Pigmente: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Fine, regular, rounded, transparent particles. 
* Bright green in transmitted light. 
* Highly refraction. 
* High birefringence. 
* Resistant to alkalis. 
* Slightly soluble in acids producing a pale pink solution.
Composition 	CoO-ZnO
Refractive Index	1.94-2.0
==Resources and Citations==
* Pigments Through the Ages: Azurite
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966 Comment: p. 109
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Reed Kay, The Painter's Guide To Studio Methods and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1983
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* R.D. Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982
* Thomas B. Brill, Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities, Plenum Press, New York City, 1980
* David Bomford, Jo Kirby, John Leighton, Ashok Roy, Art in the Making:Impressionism, National Gallery, London, 1990
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
* Monona Rossol, The Artist's Complete Health and Safety Guide, Allworth Press, New York, 1994
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Cobalt oxide

== Description ==
A natural mixture of two or more cobalt oxides. The most common forms of cobalt oxide are: cobaltous oxide (CoO), cobaltic oxide (Co2O3), and tricobalt tetroxide (or cobalto-cobaltic oxide, Co3O4). The latter contains cobalt in both valences and comprises up to 40 percent of the commercial cobalt oxide used in the manufacture of ceramics, glass, and enamel and in the preparation of catalysts and cobalt metal powder. Cobalt oxide was used as a blue colorant in ceramic glazes and underglazes since at least the 8th century in the Middle East. It became very popular in the 14th century when it was used for Ming Dynasty ceramics.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
oxyde de cobalt (Fr.); óxido de cobalto (Esp., Port.); osido di cobalto (It.) 
Examples include: cobaltous oxide; cobaltic oxide; tricobalt tetroxide; cobalto-cobaltic oxide
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|PIG513.jpg~XRD|f513sem.jpg~SEM|f513edsbw.jpg~EDS|Slide16 F513.PNG~XRF]]]
== Risks ==
Insoluble in water
==Resources and Citations==
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "cobalt processing." Accessed: 17 Mar. 2005 .
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalt_oxide (Accessed Jan. 15, 2006)
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Cobalt pigments

== Description ==
Cobalt pigments are very stable, inert, unaffected by most chemicals and are not light sensitive. The most common cobalt pigment, cobalt blue, is a cobalt aluminate and it was discovered in 1802. Cerulean blue is also a cobalt pigment (cobalt stannate). Cobaltic oxide is a black powder, cobalt black, that was used since the 8th century to give a brilliant blue color glaze and enamel. Cobalt green(cobalt oxide with some zinc oxide), [[cobalt_violet|cobalt violet] (cobalt phosphate or cobalt arsenate) and cobalt yellow (potassium cobalt nitrite) were discovered by the mid-nineteenth century. Smalt, the earliest cobalt containing pigment, is actually glass which is colored with cobalt oxide and reduced to a powder.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
pigmentos de cobalto (Esp., Port.); pigments de cobalt (Fr.); pigmenti al cobalto (It.) 
Examples include: cobalt blue; Thenard's blue; Leithner blue; kings blue; zaffre; smalt; cobalt green; Rinman's green; zinc green; cobalt violet; cobalt red; cobalt yellow; aureolin; Dumont's blue; royal blue; cerulean blue; cobalt black;
== Risks ==
* In general, cobalt pigments are moderately toxic.
* Skin contact may cause allergies, especially on elbows, neck and ankles. 
* Chronic inhalation may cause asthma.
* Ingestion may cause vomiting, diarrhea and sensation of hotness.
==Resources and Citations==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
Category:Materials database
Cobalt ultramarine

== Description ==
A synthetic cobalt blue pigment that is the same shade as ultramarine blue (Mayer 1969).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
ultramarino de cobalto (Esp., Port.); cobalto oltremare (It.); Gahn's blue
== Risks ==
* Skin contact may cause allergies, especially on elbows, neck and ankles. 
* Chronic inhalation may cause asthma. 
* Ingestion may cause vomiting, diarrhea and the sensation of hotness.
==Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
Category:Materials database
Cobalt violet

== Description ==
A general name for several violet color cobalt pigments. First developed in 1859, cobalt violet was the primary permanent violet pigment available. Cobalt violets range from deep to pale shades with either a pink or blue hue. The first cobalt violets used were composed of cobalt arsenate. This highly toxic compound is now rarely used. Instead most current cobalt violets are nontoxic and are made from either cobalt phosphate, or cobalt ammonium phosphate. Cobalt violets are used in paints, glass, glazes and enamels.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
cobalt arsenate (light); cobalt phosphate (deep); Kobaltviolett (Deut.); violeta de cobalto (Esp.); violet de cobalt (Fr.); violetto di cobalto (It.); violeta de cobalto (Port.)
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Cobalt Violet, dark (498).PNG ~FTIR (MFA) (Cobalt Phosphate 498)|Cobalt Violet(501).PNG~FTIR (MFA) (Cobalt Arsenate 501)|Cobalt violet (Forbes MFA 498), 50X, 532 nm.TIF~Raman (MFA) (532nm)|Cobalt violet dark (Forbes MFA 498), 785nm resize.tif~Raman (MFA) (785nm)|Cobalt violet light, collodion slide (Forbes MFA 501), 532 nm.TIF~Raman (MFA) (532nm)|Slide11_F498.PNG~XRF (MFA)]]]
== Risks ==
* Skin contact may cause allergies, especially on elbows, neck and ankles. 
* Chronic inhalation may cause asthma. 
* Ingestion may cause vomiting, diarrhea and the sensation of hotness.
== Resources and Citations ==
* Pigments Through the Ages: Cobalt violet 
* Corbeil, Marie-Claude, Jean-Pierre Charland, Elizabeth Moffatt. 'The characterization of cobalt violet pigments' Studies in Conservation vol.47 (2002), pp.237-249.
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Cobalt Processing." Accessed: 15 Apr. 2004.
* Website: http://webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/overview/coviolet.html - developed 1859
* Thomas B. Brill, Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities, Plenum Press, New York City, 1980
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Cobalt violet, deep

== Description ==
A medium to strong violet pigment composed of cobaltous phosphate. Deep cobalt violet was first developed in 1859 by Salvetat and sold as an artists' pigment in 1890. The colorfast pigment has low tinting strength and dries quickly in oil paints.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
cobalt phosphate; deep cobalt violet; Pigment Violet 14; CI 77360; violeta de cobalto intenso (Esp.); violet de cobalt (foncé) (Fr.); Kobaltviolett (dunkel) (Deut.); iodes toy kobaltioy skoyro (Gr.); violetto di cobalto scuro (It.); cobalt violet (donker) (Ned.); violeta de cobalto, escuro (Port.)
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Cobalt Violet, dark (498).PNG ~FTIR (MFA) (Forbes 498)|Cobalt violet (Forbes MFA 498), 50X, 532 nm.TIF~Raman (MFA) (532nm)|Cobalt violet dark (Forbes MFA 498), 785nm resize.tif~Raman (MFA) (785nm)|f498sem.jpg~SEM (MFA)|f498edsbw.jpg~EDS (MFA)]]]
== Risks ==
* Skin contact may cause allergies, especially on elbows, neck and ankles. 
* Chronic inhalation may cause asthma. 
* Ingestion may cause vomiting, diarrhea and the sensation of hotness
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Microscopically, the particles are strongly pleochroic with colors from pink to violet to yellow. 
* Highly birefringent under crossed polars. 
* Appears magenta with Chelsea filter.
Composition 	Co3(PO4)2 - 8H2O
Refractive Index	>1.662
==Resources and Citations==
* Pigments Through the Ages: Cobalt violet
* Corbeil, Marie-Claude, Jean-Pierre Charland, Elizabeth Moffatt. 'The characterization of cobalt violet pigments' Studies in Conservation vol.47 (2002), pp.237-249.
* Nicholas Eastaugh, Valentine Walsh, Tracey Chaplin, Ruth Siddall, Pigment Compendium, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 2004
* Reed Kay, The Painter's Guide To Studio Methods and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1983
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
* Thomas B. Brill, Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities, Plenum Press, New York City, 1980
Category:Materials database
Cobalt violet, light

== Description ==
A pale to medium violet pigment originally composed of cobaltous arsenate. Cobaltous arsenate occurs in nature as cobalt bloom or erythrite. Once it was synthetically produced in 1880, it became an important permanent, violet pigment. Cobaltous arsenate is now rarely used because of its toxicity. It has been replaced by the use of cobaltous phosphate (deep cobalt violet) and cobaltous ammonium phosphate. Light cobalt violet was used as a colorant in paints, glass, glazes, and enamels.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
cobalt arsenate (arsenite); Pigment Violet 14; CI 77350; erythrite (mineral); violeta de cobalto claro (Esp.); Kobaltviolett (hell) (Deut.); violet de cobalt (clair) (Fr.); iodes toy kobaltioy anoikto (Gr.); violetto di cobalto chiaro (It.); cobalt violet (licht) (Ned.); violeta de cobalto, claro (Port.); red cobalt; cobalt bloom; ; pale cobalt violet
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|MFA- Cobalt violet light.jpg~FTIR|f501sem.jpg~SEM|f501edsbw.jpg~EDS]]]
== Risks ==
* Skin contact may cause allergies, especially on elbows, neck and ankles. 
* Chronic inhalation may cause asthma. 
* Ingestion may cause vomiting, diarrhea and the sensation of hotness.
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Monoclinic crystal system with prismatic or euhedral crystals. 
* Perfect cleavage parallel to long axes. 
* Weakly pleochroic. 
* High birefringence under crossed polars.
Composition 	Co3(AsO4)2 - 8H2O
Mohs Hardness 	1.5-2.5 (erythrite)
Density 	3.06 g/ml
Refractive Index	1.626-1.701
==Resources and Citations==
* Pigments Through the Ages: Cobalt violet
* Corbeil, Marie-Claude, Jean-Pierre Charland, Elizabeth Moffatt. 'The characterization of cobalt violet pigments' Studies in Conservation vol.47 (2002), pp.237-249.
* Reed Kay, The Painter's Guide To Studio Methods and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1983
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* Thomas B. Brill, Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities, Plenum Press, New York City, 1980
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Cobaltic oxide

== Description ==
A naturally occurring black powder. Cobaltic oxide is used to give a brilliant blue color glaze and enamel. Cobalt oxide was used as a blue colorant in ceramic glazes and underglazes since at least the 8th century in the Middle East. It became very popular in the 14th century when it was used for Ming Dynasty ceramics. Cobaltic oxide is not used as a black paint pigment.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
cobalt black; cobalt oxide; óxido de cobalto (Esp., Port.); oxyde de cobalt (Fr.); ossido cobaltico (It.); black oxide of cobalt; cobalt blue glaze
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|PIG513.jpg~XRD|f513sem.jpg~SEM|f513edsbw.jpg~EDS|Slide16 F513.PNG~XRF]]]
== Risks ==
* Skin contact may cause allergies, especially on elbows, neck and ankles. 
* Chronic inhalation may cause asthma. 
* Ingestion may cause vomiting, diarrhea and the sensation of hotness.
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Soluble in concentrated acids. Insoluble in water.
Composition 	Co2O3 or Co3O4
CAS 	1308-04-9
Melting Point	895 C (dec)
Density 	4.81-5.60 g/ml
==Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
Category:Materials database