nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
General Motors Corp.

General Motors Corp. is the world's largest automaker. It has led the global industry in sales for 77 years. GM manufactures its cars and trucks in 35 countries. In 2007, nearly 9.37 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under the following brands: Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, GM Daewoo, Holden, HUMMER, Opel, Pontiac, Saab, Saturn, Vauxhall and Wuling. 
GM's subsidiary OnStar provides vehicle security and information.
General Motors, together with Chrysler, was granted $13.4 billion in federal loans in a government bail-out made public by President George Bush on December 19, 2008, after an effort to rescue the troubled auto companies failed in Congress. The money will come from funds set aside for the auto industry under the Troubled Asset Relief Program. 
The company's GMAC finance affiliate is a critical part of General Motors, as it finances three-fourths of the inventory held by GM dealers. GMAC became a bank holding company in December 2008, after problems at the lender forced it to reduce financing for dealerships and consumer purchases of new GM cars and trucks. It needed bank holding status in order to receive funds from TARP; GMAC received a $6 billion bailout in December 2008. 
In March 2009, a White House task force ousted CEO Richard Wagoner, Jr. and called for GM to replace the majority of its board of directors. Kent Kresa, a longtime director, is to serve as interim chairman. Wagoner will be replaced as CEO by Chief Operating Officer Frederick "Fritz" Henderson.
The Obama administration said it would provide the company sufficient working capital for 60 more days, during which the revamped board and top management must come up with a more rigorous restructuring plan than the one it submitted previously.
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
*G. Richard Wagoner, Jr., Chairman & CEO
== References ==
Generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP)

The term "generally accepted accounting principles" or GAAP refers to the body of principles that governs the accounting for financial transactions underlying the preparation of a set of financial statements.
The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) code of professional conduct prohibits members from expressing an opinion or stating affirmatively that financial statements or other financial data "present fairly... in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles," if such information contains any departures from accounting principles promulgated by a body designated by the AICPA council to establish such principles.
The AICPA council designated the Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB) as the body that establishes accounting principles for federal entities. The AICPA's hierarchy of generally accepted accounting principles in Statement of Auditing Standards No. 91, governs what constitutes GAAP for U.S. government reporting entities.
The use of GAAP is important, because companies that use GAAP when making their financial data reports will have mostly consistent ways of displaying the data.
== Major Components ==
GAAP includes hundreds of different components, but here are a few of the most important.:
*Inventory costs 
*Debt 
*Stockholder equity 
*Short-term investments 
*Long-term investments 
*Revenues and Sales 
*Taxation 
*Profits 
*Goodwill and other intangibles 
== Resources ==
*SEC Final Rule: Conditions For Use Of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
As directed by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) adopted new rules and amendments to address public companies' disclosure or release of certain financial information that is calculated and presented on the basis of methodologies other than in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). 
== References ==
Category:Definitions
Generation Attribute Tracking System (GATS)

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The Generation Attribute Tracking System (GATS) provides information about how megawatt-hours of electricity are generated. The data are used to meet the information disclosure requirements of states with fuel mix and emissions disclosure requirements or that have renewable portfolio standard requirements. Participation in GATS is by paid subscription.
The GATS database contains information for each individual generation unit. It creates generator-specific electronic certificates that identify the generation attributes necessary for electricity suppliers to satisfy state policies and to document claims made about “green” power. Data in the GATS include: megawatt-hours produced, emissions data (primarily from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and supplemented from other sources), fuel source, location, state program qualification and ownership of attributes for each megawatt-hour tracked. The attributes or characteristics of the generation are recorded into the database as an electronic certificate after the electricity is produced. There is one certificate with a unique serial number identifying the attributes of the generation for each megawatt-hour produced. 
PJM Environmental Information Services, Inc. (PJM EIS) owns and administers the Generation Attribute Tracking System (GATS).
PJM EIS is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PJM Technologies, Inc. PJM EIS was formed to provide environmental and emissions attributes reporting and tracking services to its subscribers in support of renewable portfolio standards and other information disclosure requirements that may be implemented by government agencies. 
== Products and Services ==
GATS fulfills four general market needs for collecting and tracking generation attribute data:
Information disclosure by load serving entities to retail customers
*Some states require electricity suppliers periodically (quarterly, semi-annually or annually) to inform their customers about the fuel source, emissions and other characteristics of the electricity supplied.
Renewable portfolio standards (also known as clean energy portfolio standards)
*A renewable portfolio standard requires an electricity supplier to include a minimum percentage of electricity produced by renewable or environmentally preferred generation sources in its mix of electricity supplied to retail customers.
Emissions/generation performance standard obligations of electricity suppliers
*An emissions performance standard or generation performance standard prohibits an electricity supplier from exceeding a maximum threshold of specific emissions in its mix of electricity resources supplied to customers.
Voluntary green power markets
== References ==
Category:Weather
Category:Environmental Markets
Category:Energy
Geneva Trading USA, LLC

Geneva Trading is a global proprietary trading firm headquartered in Chicago, with additional offices in Dublin and London. Founded in 1999, the company engages in trading across various asset classes and markets using its own capital.
== Business Overview ==
Geneva Trading specializes in principal trading across multiple asset classes, including energy, fixed income, agriculture, foreign exchange, metals, environmental products, equity index, and digital assets. The firm utilizes various trading strategies, including:
* OTC markets trading
* Algorithmic trading
* Discretionary trading
* Relative value trading
* Market making
Geneva Trading has developed proprietary technology and data analytics capabilities to support its trading operations. The company emphasizes a collaborative culture that encourages sharing of expertise among its traders.
=== FIA Principal Traders Group Membership ===
Geneva Trading USA, LLC is a member of the FIA Principal Traders Group (PTG), an association of firms that trade their own capital on exchanges in futures, options, and equities markets worldwide. The FIA PTG advocates for open access to markets, transparency, and data-driven policy.
Rob Creamer, the president and CEO of Geneva Trading USA, LLC, serves as the chairman of the FIA Principal Traders Group. This leadership position underscores Geneva Trading's active involvement in shaping industry practices and policies. 
== History ==
Geneva Trading was founded in 1999 by a group of traders and industry veterans. Over its history, the company has expanded its trading activities across multiple asset classes and global markets. Some key developments include:
* Early adoption of exchange partnerships to provide liquidity
* Creation of a dedicated OTC oil trading desk
* Ongoing investments in proprietary trading technology and data analytics
== Regulatory Issues ==
In 2018, the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) issued an order finding that Geneva Trading had engaged in spoofing through the actions of three of its traders between 2013 and 2016. The company was required to pay a $1.5 million civil monetary penalty and cease the prohibited activity.
== Key People ==
*Robert Creamer, President
*H. Arthur Brereton, Partner
*Thomas S. Freytag, Partner
*Gerard M. Shannon, Partner
== References ==
Category: Proprietary Trading Firms
Category: Principal Trading Firms
Category: FIA Principal Trading Group - Member Firm
Category:Companies Based in Chicago
Category:Financial Derivative Trading Companies
Gennady Favel

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Gennady Favel is the chief investment officer at ESG Integrated Solutions, a financial technology firm. He is also the author of the 2008 published book, The Stock Market Philosophy. 
== Background ==
Prior to joining Algo Engineering, Favel was the head of equity trading and strategy at Magic Works LLC and a mutual fund investigator at Citicorp.
== Education ==
Favel graduated from Baruch College with a Bachelors Degree in Finance. 
== References ==	
Category:Authors
Geoffrey F. Aronow

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Geoffrey F. Aronow is a retired partner in the Washington, D.C. office of the law firm Sidley Austin LLP, which he joined in 2014.
Before, he served as general counsel at the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), from January 2013 until June 2014, and as chief counsel in the SEC’s Office of International Affairs. He was responsible for evaluating regulations, advising the SEC chairman and representing the agency in lawsuits and other legal matters. 
== Background ==
From 2008 to 2013, Aronow was a partner at the Washington law firm Bingham McCutchen LLP. His clients included Christine Serwinski, who was chief financial officer at MF Global Holdings Ltd. before it collapsed in 2011.
Aronow was the director of enforcement at the Commodity Futures Trading Commission from 1995 to 1999. While there, he oversaw the enforcement case in which the CFTC accused Japan-based Sumitomo Corp. and Merrill Lynch & Co. of manipulating copper prices in late 1995. The case resulted in the highest fines in the Commission's history.
He has also served on disciplinary panels for the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
== Education ==
Aronow earned his Bachelor of Arts in history from Yale University and his JD from Yale Law School.
== References ==	
Category:CFTC - Former Employees
Category:U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission - Former Employees
Category:Lawyers
Geoffrey S. Belsher

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Geoffrey S. Belsher is managing director and global head of investment banking for CIBC World Markets. He is responsible for the firm's investment banking business, including its mergers and acquisitions, public equity and debt financing activities.
== Background ==
Prior to joining CIBC in 2009, Belsher held senior positions at a number of Canadian and global investment banks. During this time, he advised on a wide range of significant domestic and cross-border transactions.
Before his career in investment banking, Belsher was a lawyer at a major Canadian law firm from 1984 to 1997. He practiced in the area of corporate law with a focus on corporate finance and mergers and acquisitions.
== Education ==
Belsher holds an LL.B. from Osgoode Hall Law School and a B.A. from the University of Toronto.
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
George A. Gibbs

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George Augustin Gibbs (1811-1865) was a Chicago businessman, a founding member of the Chicago Board of Trade, and served as its president in 1855.
== Background ==
Gibbs was the son of Dr. Norrin E. Gibbs, a pioneer of Rochester, New York. George Gibbs was born in Rome, New York, September 13, 1811. His mother was Sophia Gibbs, a descendant of General Patterson, of Revolutionary fame. 
In 1840, Gibbs moved to Chicago as the agent for a forwarding line in Buffalo, NY. For some time, he was in that business, but finally formed a connection with the firm of B. W. Raymond & Co., which later became known as George A. Gibbs & Co. 
With Edward W. Griffin, he built what was afterward known as the old Galena Elevator, the first of its kind in Chicago. 
In 1854-55, he was president of the Chicago Board of Trade.
He died on December 8, 1865.
== References ==	
Category:Presidents of the Chicago Board of Trade
Category:Former CBOT Officials
Category:Deceased Members of the Chicago Board of Trade
Category:Deceased
George Cox

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Sir George Cox was a member of the Supervisory Board of NYSE Euronext. 
== Background ==
Previously Cox served as a senior independent director of the London International Financial Futures & Options Exchange (LIFFE) until LIFFE's acquisition by Euronext in 2002. From 1999 to 2004, he also was director general of the Institute of Directors, an organization in the United Kingdom that represents individual company directors and from 2000 to 2005, he was a director of Enterprise Insight. Currently Cox serves as XChairman of the Design Council, the United Kingdom's national strategic body for design. He also is senior independent director of Bradford & Bingley, as a non-executive director of Shorts and as chairman of charitable organization Medical Emergency Relief International (Merlin). 
Cox is a member of Council of Warwick University and sits on the Advisory Board of Warwick Business School. He is also a Visiting Professor at Royal Holloway, University of London.
A past international rowing coach, he was chairman of Selectors for the GB men’s rowing team for the 1979 World Championships and the 1980 Olympics.
== Education ==
== References ==	
Category:NYSE Euronext Supervisory Board Members
George D. F. Lamborn

George D.F. Lamborn is a former senior executive vice president of Shearson Hayden Stone. He died on July 17th, 2019. 
In 2005, Lamborn was inducted into the Futures Industry Association's Futures Hall of Fame, which was established in 2005 to commemorate outstanding contributions to the global futures and options community. 
== Biography ==
George Lamborn, the scion of a sugar merchant family, was one of the pioneers in building the physical commodities business within a leading Wall Street investment bank. Lamborn worked for years in the softs business, then joined forces with Sandy Weill to help Shearson become one of the largest firms in the futures business. In addition, he served as Futures Industry Association chairman in 1977 and 1978 and successfully engineered the FIA’s move from New York to Washington, D.C.
== Education ==
He attended Brown University.
== References ==	
Category:Futures Hall of Fame Members
Category:Former FCM Executives
Category:Shearson
Category:Deceased
George E. Crapple

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George E. Crapple was the co-chairman and co-chief executive officer of the Millburn Ridgefield Corporation and the Millburn Corporation and previously served as the CPO/CTA representative on the board of directors of National Futures Association. He died on April 25, 2020 at the age of 76.
He was also co-chairman of Millburn’s managed futures and commodities research committee and a member of Millburn’s fund-of-hedge funds investment committee.
He was a patron of the arts and a supporter of the Bruce Museum in Greenwich, CT, and served as co-chairman of the Board of Trustees, member of the Executive Committee, and chairman of the Investment Committee. He was also a trustee of the Pérez Art Museum Miami and on the Collectors Council, Finance Committee and Audit Committee.
He was a member of the Metropolitan Club New York, Harvard Club of NYC, GlenArbor Golf Club, Belle Haven Club, Greenwich Country Club, Fisher Island Club, and Indian Creek Country Club.
==Background==
Crapple was a lawyer with Sidley & Austin in Chicago from 1969 until Apr. 1, 1983, as a partner from 1975, specializing in commodities, securities, corporate and tax law. He was first associated with Millburn in 1976 and joined Millburn on Apr. 1, 1983 on a full-time basis. He was with Millburn for the remainder of his career, leading the firm as co-chairman and co-CEO for over 30 years.
Crapple was a director, member of the Executive Committee, chairman of the Appeals Committee and a former chairman of the Eastern Regional Business Conduct Committee of NFA, past chairman of the Managed Funds Association, a past member of the Global Markets Advisory Committee of the CFTC and a member of the board of directors of the Futures Industry Association (FIA).
==Education==
In 1966, he graduated with honors from the University of Wisconsin, where his field of concentration was economics and he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. In 1969, Crapple graduated magna cum laude from Harvard Law School, where he was a member of the Harvard Law Review. 
==Registration Information==
*
*
==References==	
Category:Lawyers
Category:NFA Board of Directors - Former Members
Category:NFA Appeals Committee - Former Members
Category:NFA Executive Committee - Former Members
Category:FIA Board of Directors - Former Members
Category:CFTC Global Markets Advisory Committee - Former Members
Category:Deceased
George F. Haase Jr.

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George F. Haase Jr. is a financial services and clearinghouse professional. Currently, he is an innkeeper at the Fig and Olive Bed and Breakfast.
Haase was formerly the president of ICE Clear U.S..
== Background ==
Haase has worked in the futures industry for over 40 years. He joined the compliance department of the New York Cotton Exchange in 1979 and rose to assistant treasurer. 
In 1986, he began working at the NYCE’s Commodity Clearing Corpora­tion. From 1993, he had been president of the New York Clearing Corporation, and remained president in June 2007, when ICE acquired the NYCC, changing the name of the company to ICE Clear U.S.
For 20 years, Haase was a member of the FIA Futures Services Division. In 2007, Haase was inducted into the Futures Industry Association's Futures Hall of Fame, which was established in 2005 to commemorate outstanding contributions to the global futures and options community. 
== Education ==
== References ==	
Category:Futures Hall of Fame Members
Category:InterContinentalExchange
Category:InterContinentalExchange - Former Employees
George H. Rohrs, Jr.

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George Rohrs, Jr., is the owner and president of Rohrs & Co., an NFA-registered Commodity Pool Operator and Commodity Trading Advisor. He is also a senior vice president of Price Asset Management, Inc., also a CTA and CPO. Additionally, Rohrs is a senior vice president of The Price Futures Group, Inc., an industry-leading Introducing Broker. Rohrs founded Rohrs & Co. in 1999 and subsequently joined The Price Group and Price Asset Management in 2001. In 2004, Rohrs & Co., as a CTA, launched the Seasonal Commodities Program after Gary Knapp joined Rohrs & Co. 
== Background ==
Rohrs began in the futures industry in 1982 with R.J. O'Brien & Associates, where he was instrumental in developing RJO’s CPO business, including helping build a NASD-registered securities firm to distribute the firm’s commodity fund products. He oversaw creation of RJO’s managed futures funds, selection of CTAs and organization of outside selling groups to distribute these funds. 
Rohrs previously worked in the advertising industry in New York. He moved to Chicago in 1975 to accept a position with the renowned J. Walter Thompson advertising agency. Rohrs' first job in the advertising business was in the mail room of an advertising agency.
== John Lothian News Interview ==
Rohrs spoke with John Lothian News Editor-at-Large Jessica Titlebaum about how he met legendary investor Jim Rogers in 1996, and developed a fund that tracks Roger’s International Commodity Index starting in 1998. Published May 2, 2011 in JLN Managed Futures.
== Education ==
Rohrs holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Marketing from Manhattan College.
== Registration Information ==
*
== References ==	
Category:Introducing Brokers
Category:Commodity Trading Advisors
Category:Commodity Pool Operators
Category:Price Futures Group - Employees
Category:Price Futures Group
Category:Futures Brokers
Category:R.J. O'Brien & Associates, LLC - Former Employees
Category:R.J. O'Brien & Associates
Category:Price Asset Management - Employees
Category:Price Asset Management
Category:Rohrs & Company
George H. Stein

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George H. Stein is managing director of Commodity Talent LLC, which he created in 2009 after developing the commodities practice at Whitney Group. His commentary has appeared on television, radio and in print and he is invited as a speaker at financial service conferences.
== Background ==
Before entering the field of executive search, Stein spent more than a decade as a prize-winning financial journalist. He most recently worked at Bloomberg. Before that, he was New York Bureau Chief at Platts Oilgram News. Earlier in his career, he served as senior news editor in charge of energy coverage at Radio Free Europe in Munich and was a reporter at news organizations including the Los Angeles Times and the Miami Herald.
== Education ==
Stein earned a BA in Mathematics from Swarthmore College and an MA in Mathematics from Columbia University. He was awarded the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) designation in 2001.
== References ==
George Handjinicolaou

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George Handjinicolaou is the deputy chief executive officer of International Swaps and Derivatives Association Inc. (ISDA). He was appointed to the position on Aug. 30, 2011. Handjinicolaou's work supports CEO Conrad Voldstad and Executive Vice Chairman Robert Pickel.
== Background ==
Handjinicolaou served as deputy CEO of ISDA from mid-2007 to mid-2009 before joining TBANK as CEO for a little more than a year. He has also served as vice chairman of the Hellenic Capital Market Commission (2009-2010), treasurer of the International Finance Corporation (IFC) (1994-1995), and senior vice president of Bank of America Corp. (1992-1994). Handjinicolou is a founding partner of investment management company Etolian Capital and has worked in finance for 30 years.
== Education ==
*Ph.D, Finance, New York University (NYU), 1978 – 1983
*MBA, Finance, NYU, 1976 – 1978
*BA, Economics, Athens University of Economics and Business, 1971 – 1975
== References ==
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
George Harrington

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George Harrington joined Eris Exchange in January of 2017 to help round out Eris’s client offering and make Eris Swap Futures easily available to the world’s largest OTC swap users. 
Harrington was previously head of Bloomberg Global Markets. In that position, he was responsible for the overall strategy and delivery of FIT, FXGO and EMSX. He also oversaw Bloomberg's SEF, MTF, and Japanese ETP regulated trading platforms.
== Background ==
Harrington previously held executive positions at Tradeweb managing the credit default swap execution business and at PriceWaterhouseCoopers, where he worked in corporate valuations.
== Education ==
Harrington holds a Master’s degree in Business Administration from Boston College and is a Chartered Financial Analyst.
== References ==