nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Arthur Schwaniger

Arthur John "A.J." Schwaniger Jr. (October 13, 1933- August 27, 2011) was an American aerospace engineer who worked for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). He is best known for his work on free-return trajectory, which was used for the first Apollo missions to the Moon. In addition to his work on free-return trajectory, Schwaniger also made contributions to the development of other space flight technologies, such as the Space Shuttle. He was a pioneer in the use of metric units in space flight, and he was one of the first NASA scientists to use computers to simulate space flight trajectories. Schwaniger continued to work at NASA until he retired in 1993.
==Biography==
===Life and Work===
Arthur J. Schwaniger Jr. was born in the city of Louisville, Kentucky in the Germantown area of the city. He was the second of five children of Arthur John Schwaniger Sr. and Catherine Bernadine Frank.
He attended Theodore Ahrens Trade High School in Louisville, Kentucky and the University of Louisville, where he earned a degree in physics. After graduating, he was drafted into the U.S. Army and served in the Korean War. While in the army, he worked with the Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA).After his military service, Schwaniger joined the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. He worked on a variety of projects related to space flight, including the development of the Saturn V rocket and the Apollo spacecraft
In 1963, he published a technical report on free-return trajectory, which showed how a spacecraft could travel to the Moon and back without using any propulsion. This work was instrumental in the planning of the Apollo missions.
Schwaniger was a dedicated public servant. His work on free-return trajectory helped to make the Apollo missions possible. He made significant contributions to the field of space flight which are still being referenced today . 
He retired from the Marshall Space Flight Center in 1988 as a navigation, guidance and control systems aerospace engineer.
After retiring, Schwaniger volunteeed to speak with school children regularly at the Louisville Museum of History and Science
==Death==
Arthur John Schwaniger Jr. died in Louisville, Kentucky in 2011 at the age of 77, and is Buried in Saint Michael Cemetery in Louisville, Kentucky. 
Category:1933 births	
Category:People from Louisville, Kentucky
Category:American people
Category:University of Louisville alumni
Category:Aerospace engineers
Arthur Tillman Merritt

Arthur Tillman Merritt (Feb. 15, 1902 in Calhoun, Missouri, MO - Oct. 25, 1998 in Bedford, Massachusetts) was an American musicologist.
He attended Missouri University, where he received a BA in 1924 and a BFA in 1926. He received a master’s of arts in music at Harvard University in 1927. Merritt studied with Nadia Boulanger and Paul Dukas in Paris. From 1930 to 1932, he taught at Trinity College (Connecticut). In 1932, he began working as a music instructor at Harvard University, then became a professor in 1943. Merritt was the chair of the music department from 1942 to 1952 and from 1968 to 1972. Starting in 1952, he served as the curator of Isham Memorial Library until his retirement in 1972. 
He was described by Elliot Forbes, '40-'41 professor emeritus of music and colleague and close friend of Merritt, as "Never having married, his sole thrust was music, and then it developed into Harvard music, and then specifically, the development of the department." 
His musicological work centered around the Renaissance music and the 16th-century chanson.
Category:1902 births
Category:1998 deaths
Category:American musicologists
Arthur von Eppinghoven

Christian Friedrich Arthur Meyer von Eppinghoven (25 September 1852 – 9 November 1940) was the youngest of the illegitimate children of King Leopold I and Arcadie Claret.
== Biography==
Arthur von Eppinghoven was the second of two children from Leopold's marriage to Arcadie Claret, which lasted more than 20 years.
After years spent with his parents at Stuyvenberg Castle in Laeken, where he and his brother George von Eppinghoven received a princely education, Arthur became Grand Marshal at the ducal court of Coburg and aide-de-camp to the King of Bulgaria. As a representative of the ducal family of Coburg, he attended the funeral of King Leopold II, his half-brother.
Arthur von Eppinghoven married Anna Lydia Harris, the daughter of the British Consul General in Nice, Sir James Harris and his wife, Baroness Gerhardine von Gall. They had a daughter, Louise-Marie von Eppinghoven, whose godmother was Princess Louise of Belgium and her godfather was King Ferdinand I of Bulgaria. Louise-Marie d'Eppinghoven, who died unmarried, was buried with her father.
Category:People from Laeken
Category:1852 births
Category:1940 deaths
Category:Belgian people
Category:Illegitimate children by person
Artificial Organs (Journal)

Artificial Organs is a monthly peer-reviewed journal that focuses on the latest advancements in organ replacement technology in various fields. It features an interdisciplinary selection of research from medical, scientific, and engineering teams around the world. 
It was established in 1977 by Drs. Yukihiko Nosé and Paul S. Malchesky, originally edited by Dr. Willem J. Kolff. The current editor-in-chief is Dr. Vakhtang Tchantchaleishvili.
It is currently the official journal for several organizations including International Federation for Artificial Organs (IFAO), the International Society for Mechanical Circulatory Support (ISMCS), the International Functional Electrical Stimulation Society, and more.
== Editors-in-Chief ==
Willem J. Kolff, MD, PhD - United States (1977-1982)
Yukihiko Nos ́e MD, PhD - United States (1983-1999)
Paul S. Malchesky, DEng - United States (2000-2020)
Vaktang Tchantchaleishvili, MD - United States (2021 - )
== Abstracting and Indexing ==
The journal is indexed in the following and more:
• Embase (Elsevier)
• Current Contents: Clinical Medicine (Clarivate Analytics)
• Materials Science & Engineering Database (ProQuest)
• MEDLINE/PubMed (NLM)
• Biological Science Database (ProQuest)
• Academic Search Premier (EBSCO Publishing)
According to the Journal Citation Reports, it has an 2019 impact factor of 2.259.
Category:Publications established in 1977
Artificial cell

A constructed particle that imitates one or more of the activities of a biological cell is known as an artificial cell, synthetic cell, or minimal cell. Other names for this kind of cell are synthetic cells and minimum cells. Artificial cells typically consist of biological or polymeric membranes that contain physiologically active components inside their confines. As a consequence of this, liposomes, polymersomes, nanoparticles, microcapsules, and a variety of other particles are all capable of functioning as artificial cells.
Because the phrases "artificial cell" and "synthetic cell" are used in a diverse range of industries and may refer to several distinct things, it is important to note that the various parts of this page reflect these nuances. Some of the more stringent definitions are based on the assumption that the term "cell" directly relates to biological cells and that these structures must be alive (or part of a living organism). In addition, it is assumed that the term "artificial" implies that these structures are artificially built from the bottom up, that is, from basic components. As a result, in the field of synthetic biology, the term "artificial cell" refers to a cell that has been created entirely through the use of synthetic methods and is capable of absorbing energy, preserving ion gradients, containing macromolecules in addition to storing information and having the ability to replicate itself. A synthetic cell similar to this one has not yet been created.
On the other hand, in some contexts, the word "artificial" does not necessarily mean that the entire structure was created by humans; rather, it may be used to refer to the concept that particular functions or structures of biological cells may be simplified, modified, replaced, or supplemented with a synthetic entity.
In some other areas of study, the term "artificial cell" can be used to refer to any compartment that somewhat resembles a biological cell in size or structure, but is made synthetically, or even entirely made from non-biological components. This can be the case even if the compartment is entirely made from non-biological components. It is also common to refer to structures having direct uses as "artificial cells," such as compartments for medication administration. Microencapsulation makes it possible to carry out metabolic processes inside the membrane, as well as facilitate the exchange of tiny molecules and inhibit the passage of big substances through it. Encapsulation has some benefits, the most important of which are enhanced solubility of the payload, better mimicking inside the body, and reduced immunological reactions. Notably, artificial cells have shown promising results in clinical trials including hemoperfusion.
Category:Cell biology
Category:Emerging technologies
Category:Synthetic biology
Artificial general intelligence

The term "artificial general intelligence" (AGI) refers to the capacity of an intelligent agent to comprehend or learn any intellectual endeavour that can be accomplished by a human person. It is a key focus of certain artificial intelligence research, in addition to being a popular theme in science fiction and studies of the future. AGI is sometimes referred to as strong AI, complete AI, or general intelligent action; however, some academic sources reserve the term "strong AI" for computer programmes that experience awareness or consciousness. AGI is also referred to as "general intelligent action."
Strong artificial intelligence is in contrast to weak artificial intelligence, also known as narrow artificial intelligence, which is not supposed to have wide cognitive skills; rather, weak AI refers to any programme that is built to tackle just one issue. (According to academic sources, the term "weak AI" refers to computer programmes that do not go through the experience of awareness or do not have a mind in the same way that humans do.) A study conducted by 2020 revealed 72 current AGI R&D projects located in 37 different countries.
Category:Computer programming
Category:Software
Artist

An artist is a person who is involved in an activity that is connected to the creation of art, the practise of the arts, or the demonstration of an art form. The term "visual artist" is often used in both ordinary speech and scholarly discourse to refer to someone who works exclusively in the visual arts. However, the word is also often used in the entertainment industry, particularly in a commercial context, to refer to musicians and other performers who work in the entertainment industry (although less often for actors). "Artiste" (French meaning artist) is a variation of the word "artist" that is sometimes used in this context, although it is becoming less common. The word "artist" may be used to characterise authors, although it is less frequent and is usually limited to certain settings, such as those found in literary criticism.
Category:Aesthetics
Category:Artists
Artist Devassia Devagiri

Devassia Devagiri (born November 28, 1961) is an Indian artist known for his contributions to relief art, teaching, and his extensive career in the field of artistry. He resides in Devagiri, Kozhikode, India.
==Biography==
Devassia Devagiri was born on November 28, 1961, in Devagiri, Kozhikode. He pursued his education in drawing and painting at Universal Arts Kozhikode, obtaining a KGCE in the same field.Devassia is married to Gladys Devassia and they have two sons, Roney Devassia and Renny Devassia. He is a devout Christian and is proficient in English and Malayalam.
==Career==
Devassia Devagiri was born on November 28, 1961, in Devagiri, Kozhikode. He pursued his education in drawing and painting at Universal Arts Kozhikode, obtaining a KGCE in the same field. Devassia is married to Gladys Devassia and they have two sons, Roney Devassia and Renny Devassia. He is a devout Christian and is proficient in English and Malayalam.
==Achievements and Awards==
Devassia Devagiri has received several awards and recognitions for his contributions to the field of art:
# Arabian Book of World Records (2018): Awarded for creating the largest pen portrait canvas in the world, featuring 1007 portraits of well-known personalities.
# Camel International Award (2022): Recognized for his achievements in the field of art.
# Gandhi Smriti Award by GreenCare Mission (2018): Presented for his contributions to the arts and community service.
# APJ Abdul Kalam Memorial Karma Shreshta Award (2020): Given in recognition of his exemplary service and achievements.
# Mangalam Golden Jubilee Award: Conferred for his significant contributions to the field of art.
# Jayan Foundation Award (2018): Recognized for his outstanding contributions to the arts.
Devassia Devagiri has participated in exhibitions at Lalitha Kala Academy Kozhikode on two occasions, where his work garnered attention and appreciation from critics and art enthusiasts.
==Legacy==
Devassia Devagiri's influence as an artist and teacher has made a notable impact on the field of art. His dedication, talent, and passion for his craft continue to inspire aspiring artists and enthusiasts.
Category:1961 births
Category:Indian people
Category:Artists
Artist Republik

Artist Republik is a social networking-based digital management tool for the music business targeted toward independent musicians.
Artist Republik was founded by Nick Cianfaglione while he was a student at Bryant University. The site launched a public beta version on January 10, 2020 and within two weeks of launching, Artist Republik had 11,000 users on its waiting list and 17,000 users within six months. A full release of the platform was planned for the March 2020 SXSW.
In July 2020, Artist Republik announced that it had raised $540,000 in investment capital that would go toward expanding its development team and expanding its user base. The funding allowed the company to bring some of their existing employees on full-time. The startup intends to raise a Series A round in spring 2021 in order to establish a physical headquarters.
Rapper Hopsin joined Artist Republik's advisory board in September 2020.
Artist Republik targets the "music middle class," giving independent artists tools, resources, and connections to manage, market, and book themselves. The platform is free for artists to join with services offered on a pay-per-use basis. Over 1000 products and services are available in the marketplace. Offered services include ticketing sales hosting, show booking, merchandising, contract negotiations, IP protections, fanbase development, and music distribution. Artist Republik keeps costs down by automating its services.
Artist Republik also positions itself as a music discovery tool where artists are given a score based on the level of engagement they receive from their fanbase on social media.
Category:Digital marketing companies
Category:Music companies by country
Category:Social media companies
Artistic director

An artistic director is a member of the management team of an arts organisation, notably a theatre or dance company, who is responsible for the creative direction of the institution. In most cases, they are a producer and director, but not in the sense of a mogul, since the organisation is often a non-profit organisation. When it comes to theatre, the artistic director is the person in charge of the entire creative direction of the company, which includes decisions on productions, directing choices, and the overall aesthetic vision. It is possible that the creative director of a smaller theatre is both its founder and the principal director of the plays presented by the theatre. The creative director of a bigger non-profit theatre (commonly referred to as regional theatres in Canada and the United States) may be appointed by the board of directors of the organisation.
When it comes to performing arts companies, the artistic director is comparable to the musical director of an orchestra in that they are the key person responsible for arranging their season. In addition to selecting the content to be presented in a season, the artistic director is responsible for the employment of creative/production professionals (such as directors) and performing other theatre administration duties as needed. He or she may also get the opportunity to direct projects for the organisation. Creative directors collaborate closely with the general manager of the theatre and contribute to the artistic appraisal of projects and shows that are included in promotional, fundraising, and publicity materials. They are also responsible for overseeing the artistic direction of the theatre. When it comes to mounting shows at the theatre, an artistic director may also serve as a resource for the directors who are working on them, and can provide assistance, advise, and/or creative input as needed. In the event that the director is unable to finish his or her responsibilities, the artistic director is normally prepared to take over the production. Theatre companies typically consider their artistic directors to be their creative ambassadors, and they are frequently compelled to talk about their productions to the press on their behalf. In the United States, creative directors are often charged with the responsibility of fundraising.
In certain ensemble companies, the artistic director is in charge of hiring actors to serve as a talent pool for the company's shows, which is under the purview of the creative director. This group might comprise performers and artists from a variety of different fields. The artistic director serves as the group's head, with the goal of creating and/or bringing to life a variety of new and old pieces of work.
Category:Artistic directors
Category:Directors
Category:Entertainment occupations
Category:Theatrical occupations
Category:Theatrical management
Artur Asatryan

Artur Asatryan (Also Known as Don Pipo in the media), is a politician and alleged Armenian mafiosi., mainly operating in Armenia, Russia and Italy. He is the founder and leader of The Liberation Movement of the Armenian Crusaders. 
In 2013 Artur Asatryan (Don Pipo) was set on the international wanted list by Italian Authorities, due to an alleged connection to the murder of crime boss Aslan Usoyan
Category:Armenian people
Category:Politicians
Category:Living people
Arturs Balklavs

Arturs Balklavs-Grīnhofs (until 1993, Balklavs, 2 January 1933 – 13 April 2005) was a Latvian radio astronomer, outstanding science popularizer, Professor of Radio Astronomy (elected in 1993), Corresponding Member of the [Latvian Academy of Sciences (LAS, elected in 1994), second director (1969-1997) of the LAS Radioastrophysical Observatory and first director (1997-2005) of the Institute of Astronomy, University of Latvia, second Editor-in-Chief (1969-2005) of the popular science quarterly Zvaigžņotā Debess (ZvD, The Starry Sky), the last issue Zvaigžņotā Debess: 60. gadskārta. In 2017, the asteroid 457743 Balklavs is named in his honour.
== References ==
==External links==
* Arturs BALKLAVS-GRINHOFS
* Arturs E. Balklavs-Grinhofs | IAU - International Astronomical union
* Recent Advances in Solar Physics at Virac: Analysis of Solar Active Regions in Microwaves
* Radio Astronomy – National Radio Astronomy Observatory
Category:1933 births
Category:2005 deaths
Category:Latvian astronomers
Category:Radio astronomers
Category:Latvian people
Category:Radio astronomy
Category:Academicians of the Latvian Academy of Sciences
Aru Kheri (Pachpahar, Jhalawar)

Aru Kheri is a small village of 234 hectares in Pachpahar Tehsil in Jhalawar district in the State of Rajasthan, India. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is elected representative of the village by the local elections. Aru Kheri depends on Bhawani Mandi, the nearest town for all major economic activities. The village has government-provided water facilities that include Two taps, One Well supply, Two tanks, Two tubewells, and One handpump. The villagers also acquire water from some of the natural water sources - Two rivers, Two canals and Two springs. Aru Kheri is also surrounded by Two lakes. The population of the village depends on the source of drinking water during summer on Handpump. Aru Kheri's pin code is 326512, and village code is 04091300. The area of Aru Kheri is segregated as 76.24 hectares irrigated area, 72.99 hectares unirrigated, the 66.74 hectare area under culturable waste (including gauchar and groves), and remaining 18.14 hectare area not available for cultivation.
Aru Kheri has One public telephone. Aru Kheri has Two banks and Two credit societies for the regulation of economic activity. The village is also equipped with Two recreational centers.
The village has an uninterrupted 24 hours electric supply from a power grid.
== Demographics ==
Aru Kheri is a census village in the district of Jhalawar, Rajasthan. The village has a total population of 349 and has total administration over 64 houses which are connected to supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage.
* Aru Kheri has 51 children, 27 boys and 24 girls.
* Scheduled caste counts for 131 (37.54%) males constitute 67 (19.20%) of the population and females 64 (18.34%).
== Medical facility ==
* Aru Kheri has 3 hospitals in nearby town.
==Educational institutions==
As per the census 2011 report, 166 people are literate in Aru Kheri out of which 112 are males and 54 are females.
Aru Kheri has the following educational facilities:
* 1 Education facility
* 1 Primary school
* 3 Colleges in the nearby range
== Employment ==
According to a census 2011 report, 214 people of the total population are employed. The workforce is 100 male, 114 female with 180 (84.11%) of all workers being employed full-time, this includes 95 males and 85 females. 74 males and 37 females are considered as the main cultivators with the help of 9 male and 47 female agricultural labor. 34 people are reported to work for a marginal period of time in the year.
They depend on the agricultural markets (Mandi) of the nearby towns of Bhawani Mandi and Jhalawar to sell ghee and make their living.
== References ==
== External link ==
* Official website
Category:Villages in Pachpahar Tehsil
Category:Villages in Jhalawar District
Category:Villages in Rajasthan
Category:Villages in India