nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Charles J. Arntzen

Arntzen is the founding Director of the Arizona Biomedical Institute (ABI)Appendix C at Arizona State University (ASU). The ABI forms a key means of achieving the ASU's goal of facilitating interactions with Arizona's biotechnology industrial base, and of dramatically expanding the ASU's external funding in areas like biotechnology. The ASU wants a particular focus on high-payoff areas that will help to expand economic development for the State's biotech sector.
Arntzen was previously the former President and CEO of the Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. 
Arntzen specialises in edible vaccines genetically engineered into food plants such as tomatoes, bananas and potatoes. 
Arntzen has bred potatoes that express Norwalk virus and E. coli antigens. Human test subjects have been fed the potatoes raw, because cooking might damage the antigen, even though cooking is normally considered necessary to render harmless the high levels of natural toxins that can occur in potatoes. 
It also remains unclear how much vaccine a person would need to eat to ensure protection and how often, nor is it known how to avoid overdosing, or what side effects such as allergies may arise. 
Like other plant biotechnologists, Arntzen has also found unexplained effects within plants he has genetically engineered. Newsweek International, January 28, 2002
In 1999 Arntzen attacked US company Frito Lay for bowing to consumer demands to make their snacks GM-free. Arntzen warned that consumers would boycott Frito Lay in punishment for denigrating GM 'crops that are helping make American agriculture more competitive on a global scale' (Top Producer magazine, December 1999). US farm exports have suffered multi-million dollar losses since the introduction of GM crops.
==Notes==
Arntzen, CharlesArntzen, CharlesArntzen, Charles
Charles Jacobs

Charles Jacobs co-founded CAMERA, the David Project, and the American Anti-Slavery Group, and is a member of Foundation for the Defense of Democracies.
==Affiliations==
*CAMERA – a pro-Israel media watchdog group
*Israel on Campus Coalition (ICC) – a project developed by: Hillel and Charles and Lynn Schusterman Family Foundation. The ICC has a single "affiliate member": the David Project.
*David Project – founder
*American Anti-Slavery Group – co-founder
*Foundation for the Defense of Democracies – member
*National Unity Coalition for Israel (NUCI) - spokesperson 
*Americans for Peace and Tolerance - founder
==Views==
:“The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) – biggest Jewish ‘defense’ organization — admits in private that the biggest danger to Jews since WWII comes from Muslim Jew-hatred, but because it fears offending its liberal donors and being charged with ‘Islamophobia,’ the organization remains essentially silent on the issue. In a study of ADL press releases from 1995 to 2011– a good if not perfect indicator of ADL priorities – we found that only 3 percent of ADL’s press releases focus on Islamic extremism and Arab anti-Semitism.” (For the full study, see www.charlesjacobs.org.) 
==External resources==
*Ned Goldstein, Save Darfur: Zionist Conspiracy?, World War 4 Report, October 2, 2006
*Scott Sherman, "The Mideast Comes to Columbia", The Nation, March 16, 2005.
Jacobs, Charles Jacobs, Charles
Charles Jenkins

From speaker profile:
:Charles Jenkins, Director of the Western Europe Country Analysis division of the Economist Intelligence Unit, is responsible for all EIU publications on 20 West Europe countries and on the EU. He is Editor of European Policy Analyst and Joint Editor of Through the Paper Curtain: Insiders and Outsiders in the new Europe, (Royal Institute of International Affairs, September 2003) and is Editor and contributor to: The Unification of Europe, the EU’s Forthcoming Enlargement, (Centre for Reform, published September 2000). Mr. Jenkins is author of various European League for Economic Cooperation publications: What Future for European Agriculture? 1989; Towards a new Social Contract, 1996, The Enlarged European Union—a Wider Role? 2001. He is also author of Paying for an Enlarged European Union, Federal Trust, March 1999.Profile for a talk at Canning House, 12 March 2008.
==Affiliations==
*Economist Intelligence Unit
*Royal Institute of International Affairs
==Contact, References and Resources==
===Contact===
===Resources===
===References===
Charles Jocelyn Hambro

Charles Jocelyn Hambro served as head of the Special Operations Executive for a period during the Second World War.Stephen Dorril, MI6: Inside the Covert World of her Majesty's Secret Intelligence Service, Touchstone, 2000, p.138.
==Connections==
*Charles Eric Hambro - father
==External Resources==
*NameBase HAMBRO CHARLES JOCELYN
==Notes==
Hambro, Charles JocelynHambro, Charles JocelynHambro, Charles JocelynHambro, Charles Jocelyn
Charles Jones

Dr. Charles Jones was originally a historian of direct foreign investment and the political responses it provoked. In the late 1970s he concentrated on contemporary international economic relations. 
More recently he has been working on civil-military relations in Latin America, the role of Christianity in the English School of International Relations, and representations of war and violence. He is a regular visitor to Argentina and Venezuela. Dr. Jones has worked extensively on the past and contemporary international economic relations of Latin America, especially the Southern Cone. His has also studied Romantic representations of organised violence in the Americas.
==Education==
Jones studied Moral Sciences and History at Clare College, Cambridge, before turning to a doctorate on Anglo-Argentine relations. 
==Career==
After many years teaching international political economy and developing postgraduate programmes at Warwick University, he moved to Cambridge in 1998, where he teaches international relations theory and Inter-American relations.
Jones was an Academic Advisor to the Cambridge Security Programme (CSP), Reader in the History of International Studies at the University of Cambridge and Director of the University of Cambridge Centre of Latin American Studies. As Director of the Centre of Latin American Studies he developed a research project on security in the Caribbean, centring on Cuba.
==Publications==
Recent publications include:
*E H Carr and International Relations, (1998)
*The Logic of Anarchy, an influential critique of neorealism, (Columbia UP 1993, with Barry Buzan and Richard Little)
*El Reino Lunido Y America (Madrid 1992)
*North-South Relations: a Brief History, (London 1983)
Charles Jones's next book explores the treatment of war in novels by Sir Walter Scott and his imitators in the Americas, including James Fennimore Cooper and Vicente Fidel Lopez. 'Dr. Charles Jones', Cambridge Security Programme website, accessed 30 April, 2009.
==Notes==
Category: Terrorism Industry
Charles K. and Patricia F. Ribakoff Charitable Trust

The Charles K. and Patricia F. Ribakoff Charitable Trust (EIN:04-6553859) is a 501 (c)(3) non profit foundation based in Massachusetts. 
==Grantees==
Organisations that receive funding from the trust include:
American Friends of Libi, American Jewish Join Distribution Committee, American Society for Technion Israel Institute, Combined Jewish Philanthropies of Greater Boston, the David Project, and the Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs.
==Notes==
Category:IsraelCategory:Foundations
Charles Kennedy

Charles Kennedy was the Liberal Democrats member of Parliament (MP) for Ross, Cromarty and Skye (1983-1997), Ross, Skye and Inverness West (1997-2005) and Ross, Skye and Lochaber (2005-2015) and the leader of the Lib Dems from 1999 to 2006.
Kennedy lost his seat in the 2015 general election to the Scottish National Party's Ian Blackford by 5,124 votes. BBC News Ross, Skye & Lochaber, accessed 15 May 2015.
On 2 June 2015 Kennedy passed away from a suspected heart attack. Nicholas Watt and Severin Carrell Charles Kennedy: UK political leaders join forces with heartfelt tributes Guardian, 2 June 2015, accessed 3 June 2015.
==Background==
The following is an excerpt from a question-and-answer session in which members of the public questioned Kennedy, published in The Independent (UK):
:Q: Is there life for you beyond politics? What are your plans for the future? 
:A: I'm relieved to say that there has always been, since I was first elected aged 23 back in 1983, life for me beyond politics. I subscribe to Denis Healey's view that politicians need a hinterland, and I'm fortunate to have several. Since ceasing to be leader I've rejoined The House Magazine (Westminster's weekly publication) as an associate editor. I've also been visiting Russia through the Westminster Foundation for Democracy, offering Lib Dem ideas to opposition parties there.Charles Kennedy: You Ask The Questions, The Independent, 31 July 2006, accessed 15 Dec 2009
==Affiliations==
*Westminster Foundation for Democracy
*The House Magazine
==Notes==
Kennedy, Charles
Kennedy, Charles Kennedy, Charles
Kennedy, Charles
Charles Kirwan-Taylor

Charles Kirwan-Taylor is head of corporate affairs and sustainability director at the UK's Gatwick Airport.
He is a former chief executive of UK-based hedge fund RAB Capital and a former partner at the corporate intelligence agency Hakluyt & Company.
==Career==
Kirwan-Taylor has much experience in the financial sector having started his career as Director of private banking company Kleinworth Benson, then becoming head of equity capital markets at BZW, before becoming head of European equity capital markets at Credit Suisse from 2001 to 2003 and chairman of UK corporate broking at Credit Suisse in 2005. Charles Kirwan-Taylor Bio Bloomberg Link, 17 March 2011, accessed 24 September 2014 
In 2006 Kirwan-Taylor co-founded his own hedge fund management company, Greyshrike Capital. David Prosser The Business On: Charles Kirwan-Taylor, Chief executive, RAB Capital The Independent, 18 September 2010, accessed 24 September 2014 
From 2008 to 2011 he was CEO of RAB Capital.
He then became a partner at Hakluyt & Company from 2012-2014.
He is now head of corporate affairs & sustainability director at Gatwick Airport. Charles Kirwan-Taylor Linkedin, undated, accessed 24 September 2014 
==Notes==
Kirwan-Taylor, Charles Kirwan-Taylor, CharlesKirwan-Taylor, Charles
Charles Leach

Charles Leach (Lord Leach of Fairford) was made a Conservative life peer in the House of Lords on the 6 June 2006.
==Interests==
*Jardine Matheson (diversified holding company with mainly Asian interests)
*Matheson & Co (London subsidiary of Jardine Matheson)
*Hongkong Land (Asian property; director's fees ceded to Jardine Matheson and not personally received by Lord Leach)
*Dairy Farm Group (Asian food retailing; director's fees ceded to Jardine Matheson and not personally received by Lord Leach)
*Jardine Lloyd Thompson (insurance broking; director's fees ceded to Jardine Matheson and not personally received by Lord Leach)
*Mandarin Oriental (hotels; director's fees ceded to Jardine Matheson and not personally received by Lord Leach)
*Jardine Strategic (diversified holding company; director's fees ceded to Jardine Matheson and not personally received by Lord Leach) Lord Leach of Fairford Parliament.UK, accessed 19 December 2014 
==Notes== 
Leach, CharlesLeach, CharlesLeach, CharlesLeach, Charles
Charles Leadbetter

Charles Leadbeater describes himself as an "authority on innovation and creativity" accessed 15 April 2008 He is currently; 
Senior Research Associate at the think tank Demos
Visiting senior fellow at the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts
Partner in Participle
He also advises a number of organisations on innovation including BBC, Vodafone, Microsoft, Ericsson, and Channel Four Television
He experience includes:
Senior Advisor to Tony Blair at the 10 Downing Street Policy Office
Special Advisor to the European Commission 
Advisor to the government of Shanghai
Advisor to the Department of Education for personalized approaches to learning
He also worked as a journalist for the Financial Times and the Independent as well as contributing to Marxism Today during the 80s
== Books ==
Living on Thin Air 
Up the Down Escalator
In Search of Work
== Background ==
In his book up the down escalator Charles Leadbeater argues that a major problem facing society is chronic pessimism. This he claims stops up from embracing the benefits of globalization and modern technology and that the negativity of the anti globalisers such as Naomi Klein are creating a self fulfilling prophesy. His solution to this is to embrace the changes of globalization. Creating a “personalised society” up the down escalator where every individual has control over the services they access. He ignores that not every body will have the same opportunities to access these services and that some of the problems of globalization will wish them away. 
The influence of his ideas is strong Tony Blair whose was advised by leadbeater and was defiantly an optimist took to calling people who disagreed with him about his public sector reforms pessimists. http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2002/oct/02/labourconference.labour8 accessed 15 April 2008,/ Leadbeater influence can also be seen in other Demos projects such as the Scotland 2020 project
== Notes ==
Charles Lewington

Charles Lewington is founder and MD of Hanover a leading PR consultancy. Formerly Press Secretary to John Major in the 1990s and Executive Editor of the Sunday Express Lewington founded the company in 1998. Hanover Website Our People accessed 24th September 2008 In September 2007 Hanover were recruited by Gerry and Kate McCann after former treasury special advisor Justine McGuinness became overwhelmed by press interest in the McCann's case. The McCanns had previously used Bell Pottinger's consultant Alex Woolfall and Sheree Dodd, a former spokeswoman for the Government to assist them in handling the media. On Hanover's involvement with the McCanns Lewington said "The McCanns have been treated extremely badly by the press, it's only right to help them out." David Quainton, PR Week 14-Sep-07, McCanns hire Hanover for PR in face of media onslaught accessed September 24th 2008 . However, two months later Hanover ended their work with the family which they said "‘reflects a decrease in international press interest’ following the six-month anniversary of Madeleine McCann’s disappearance" Hannah Marriott PR Week UK 21-Nov-07, Hanover calls time on McCanns accessed 24th September 2007 
Hanover held the public affairs brief for Diageo UK from 2007- July 2010. 
==Views==
Lewington on New Labour
:Alistair Campbell was a thug but it was his job. I think the problem for New Labour was that there was a culture of spin throughout the Party, which meant they were never good at managing expectations. For example, they gave the impression that they could solve the problems of the National Health Service overnight but life doesn’t work like that. BA2 THE MAGAZINE FOR ALUMNI AND FRIENDS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF BATH Profile: Charles Lewington OBE: A conservative amount of spin page 19, accessed 24th September 2008
==Career Time-line==
*1981 Reporter, The Bath Chronicle
*1988 News Editor, Western Daily Press
*1990 Political Correspondent, Daily Express
*1993 Political Editor, Sunday Express
*1994 Executive Editor, Sunday Express
*1995 Press Secretary to Prime Minister John Major
*1998 Founded Media Strategy
*2007 Media Strategy re-branded as Hanover
 BA2 THE MAGAZINE FOR ALUMNI AND FRIENDS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF BATH Profile: Charles Lewington OBE: A conservative amount of spin page 19, accessed 24th September 2008
==Lobbyists and MPs at the 2015 FT summer party==
In June 2015 key lobbying figures, Lewington, Tim Allan (MD of Portland) and John Lehal (founder and MD of Insight Consulting Group) attended the FT Summer Party bash at the Mondrian London Hotel. Also present were Labour MPs Andy Burnham, Chuka Umunna, Tristram Hunt, Emma Reynolds and Chris Bryant, peer Lord Mandelson, Conservative MP Sajid Javid and Mayor of London candidate Sol Campbell. David Singleton Labour MPs and lobbyists out in force at FT summer party Total Politics, 24 June 2015, accessed 24 June 2015.
==Resources==
See: Fracking lobbying firms
*Melissa Jones and Andy Rowell, Access all areas: Westminster's (vast) fracking lobby exposed, 29 April 2015.
==References==
Lewington, Charles Lewington, CharlesLewington, CharlesLewington, Charles Lewington, Charles Lewington, Charles
Charles Lyell

Charles Lyell, Lord Lyell, (27 March 1939 – 11 January 2017) was a Conservative member of the House of Lords.Lord Lyell, www.parliament.uk, accessed 10 March 2011. He died in January 2017.
==Northern Ireland==
Lyell served as an under-secretary of state in the Northern Ireland Office from 12 April 1984 to 25 July 1989. David Butler and Gareth Butler, Twentieth Century British Political Facts 1900-2000, Macmillan, 2000, p.41.
==Interests==
*Miles & Miles Ltd (chauffeur-driven cars)
* LLP Member of Lloyd's (aviation; marine; non-marine; motor)
Despite being an LLP member of Lloyd's, when asked about his interests by the Wall Street Journal Lyell said, “I’m not aware that I have major interests in a financial company". House of Lords Wall Street Journal, accessed 22 December 2014 
==Notes==
Lyell, CharlesLyell, CharlesLyell, CharlesLyell, CharlesLyell, CharlesLyell, CharlesLyell, CharlesLyell, CharlesLyell, Charles Lyell, Charles
Charles Manby

200px|thumb|right|Source: [http://www.civilsociety.co.uk/fundraising/news/content/15189/16_philanthropists_join_cruk_100m_fundraising_board/ Civil Society] 
Charles Manby is a partner at Goldman Sachs and was formerly Global chairman of technology, media, and telecommunications banking until 2012, when he retired the role. 'Goldman Sachs Manby retires', 12 January 2012, Bloomberg, accessed 29 June 2016
He is registered by The Electoral Commission as having donated to The In Campaign, the pro-EU group in the UK's EU referendum of June 2016. 
==Donations==
Donated £10,000 on 12 May 2016 to Britain Stronger in Europe, the pro-EU group that failed to secure a remain vote in the UK's EU referendum on 23 June 2016. Electoral Commission, the In Campaign donations, accessed 29 June 2016 
==Notes==
 
Manby, Charles Manby, CharlesCategory:Brexit ‘remain’ donor
Charles McCombie

An expert in radioactive waste management. His career has included Director of Science and Technology at Nagra (National Co-operation for the Disposal of Radioactive Wastes) in Switzerland; Technical Director, Pangea Resources Australia Pty Ltd; Vice-chairman, Board of Radioactive Waste Management of the National Academies of the USA; Chairman of the International Technical Advisory Committee (ITAC) of the Japanese Waste Management Organisation (NUMO); Executive Director of Arius (Association for Regional and International Underground Storage).
==Notes==
McCombie, Charles
McCombie, Charles
Charles McCullough

:Sir Charles McCullough was educated at Trinity Hall, Cambridge. He was called to the Bar in 1956 and took Silk in 1971. He served as a Judge of the High Court, Queen's Bench Division, from 1981 to 1998. In 1998, he was appointed a Surveillance Commissioner.
==Notes==
#10 Downing Street press notices > press notice archive > 2002 > Surveillance Commissioners, 21 March 2002.
Charles Miller Smith

==Background==
Charles Miller Smith joined the Board of Scottish Power as Deputy Chairman in August 1999 and was appointed as Chairman in April 2000.
Much of his career was with Unilever, where he spent more than 30 years holding a wide range of financial and general management positions in the U.K., the Netherlands and India., culminating in his appointment as Director of Finance, and of the Food Executive.
 
Mr. Smith was appointed chief executive-designate of Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) from 1994 to 1999 and Chairman of ICI from 1999 to 2001.
He was also an International Advisor to Goldman Sachs International from 2001 to 2005.
He was previously a non-executive director of Midland Bank plc. and HSBC Holdings plc as well.
Now, he is a Director of ICICI One Source plc, an Indian company, and is a member of the Defence Management Board of the Ministry of Defence.
He is Chairman of the Economics Committee of the Confederation of British Industry and a Companion of the Institute of Management. He is also a Senior European Advisor to Warburg Pincus International, LLC. 
==Restructuring the company==
Mr. Smith was involved with Simon Lowth and former chief executive Ian Russell in the decision to restructure Scottish Power in September of 2005. This meeting resulted in getting rid of two top executives - David Nish and Charles Berry. Along with these sackings, the human resources director, Mike Pittman, and the communications chief, Dominic Fry were dismissed as well. The explanation given referred to when Scottish Power announced the £5.1 billion sale of its giant US business PacifiCorp to the world-famous entrepreneur Warren Buffet. PacifiCorp was responsible for two-thirds of Scottish Power's valuation, which meant that the company would become much smaller when the deal went through. The idea of the restructuring was to slim down the group - stripping out the four directors in the process - preparing it for life as a smaller, independent, predominantly UK-based utility. However, it was not mentioned that the group's smaller size was what had attracted E.ON's attention or that the downsizing was threatening the independence of one of Scotland's biggest companies. To this day, the company has yet to publicly link the two events - despite the asking of questions in parliament. Later that same day, E.ON confirmed that it was considering its options regarding a possible takeover of Scottish Power. 
== Notes ==
# Photograph from Scottish Power Meet the Board, Charles Miller Smith, accessed 20 March 2007.
# Board Member History from Scottish Power Meet the Board, Charles Miller Smith, accessed 20 March 2007.
# Company information from Warburg Pincus People, Charles Miller Smith, accessed 17 April 2007.
# Company restructuring from The Scotsman "Battle to keep ScottishPower in Scotland" Top Stories, accessed 19 April 2007.
Charles Napier

Not to be confused with the paedophile and member of the Paedophile Information Exchange Charles Napier
Charles Napier is a UK based lobbyist.
==Background==
According to a biographical note in 2007:
:Charlie Napier joined The Policy Partnership following a successful career in overseas development and the charity sector. He worked for four years as an analyst in the research unit, and is now an Associate, working on public affairs issues for the company.
:On graduation from Edinburgh University, Charlie worked for development charities in Pakistan, Bosnia and the UK. Most recently he was the Appeal Director for a major fundraising appeal for London youth clubs, his work bringing him into contact with the political community.
:Charlie is active within his local Labour party, serving as a Councillor and as a school governor. He is also on the management committee of Fulham Palace and the Downside Settlement, a charity running youth clubs in south-east London. Biographcial note on Charles Napier from the Policy Partnership Website circa December 2005, archived on Zoominfo, accessed January 2007.
==Career==
*Associate Director Luther Pendragon
*Associate The Policy Partnership
*Associate Director Quintus Public Affairs Ltd
*Founder Kilmeston Communications Ltd
==Notes==
==Notes==
# biographcial note on Charles Napier from the Policy Partnership Website circa December 2005, archived on Zoominfo, accessed January 2007
Napier, Charles