nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Pigeon chess

__NOTOC__"Pigeon chess" or "like playing chess with a pigeon" is a figure of speech originating from a comment made in March 2005 on Amazon by Scott D. Weitzenhoffer regarding Eugenie Scott's book Evolution vs. Creationism: An introduction:
As such "debating techniques" are not limited to creationists, the phrase has entered the general Internet lexicon,Obligatory Urban Dictionary entry for 'pigeon chess' together with the source quotation, which is sometimes cited as an anonymous "Internet law". The reference to creationists is usually replaced with whatever group the user is arguing with.
Even the Bible advises against this sort of thing, in : "If a wise man contendeth with a foolish man, whether he rage or laugh, there is no rest."
Andrew Schlafly was similarly described for his contributions to Usenet talk.origins in 2002:Richard Carnes on talk.origins, March 15, 2002 "I tried it for a while, but arguing with Andy is like playing chess with a small child who doesn't know the rules."
The 2007 cartoon "King me!" by Rudis Muiznieks uses a similar joke:
==See also==
*Not even wrong
*Fractal wrongness
*Dunning-Kruger effect
*Monkey typewriter theory — with enough pigeons and chess boards, we could find a grand master
==External links==
*Playing Chess With Pigeons - talk.origins veteran Troy Britain's blog
==Notes==
==References==
Category:Creationism
Category:Skepticism
Category:Neologisms
Pink-baiting

Pink-baiting is the linking of everything bad to homosexuals and homosexuality. The concept has its roots in the Religious Right, and shares the same xenophobia as linking everything bad to liberals, Islam, Jews,http://www.realjewnews.com/?p=808 atheists, ☭communists☭, etc. Scott Lively is a particularly odious proponent of it, but many other people and organizations have also found the fun in blaming homosexuals for everything. For example, did you know that according to whale.to, JFK was murdered for being straight?http://www.whale.to/b/homo_international.html
==Methods and tactics==
Commonly found with most religious fundamentalists is a rather stubborn, if arbitrary, interpretation of ancient religious laws. One of those laws relates to homosexuals and their evils. However, citing religious resources may not work when arguing with secular authorities, so they often resort to other means:
*Create historical works, on homosexuality, and evils, and start drawing parallels.The Pink Swastika, Lively, Scott. ISBN 978-0-9647609-0-5.
*Cite those works, and don't forget to pump up the image of the creator. (e.g.: Scott Lively, PhD Dr. MD. Archbishop, Lord Mayor, MP, PM, Adm).
*Cite other works; don't worry if it's outdated, proven false, or retracted.DSM I-III is commonly cited.
*If refuted, call on the homosexual agenda.
*Get your fellow evangelical people near you and repeat above steps for maximum profit conversions.
==People and organizations==
Notable people and organizations that feel the need to just ask questions include:
*The entire Westboro Baptist Church
*Traditional Values Coalition
*Scott Lively
==See also==
*Homosexual agenda
*Gaysdidit
*Red-baiting
*Hurricane Sandy
*List of actions prohibited by the Bible
==External links==
*
*
==References==
Category:Homophobia
Category:Fallacious arguments
Category:Informal fallacies
Category:Scapegoating
Pink Stinks

Pink Stinks is an non-profit organisation started by Abi and Emma Moore, advocating the ending of stereotyping in toys, clothes, media and games marketed to girls. Its slogan, "There's more than one way to be a girl" speaks to the ways in which commodities marketed to girls reinforce the idea that they should be pretty, passive and obsessed with shopping, fashion and make-up. Pink Stinks argues that the universality of pink as a girl's colour discourages the development of diverse notions of what it means to be a girl.Pink Stinks - About Us.
==Pink as a girl's colour==
The history of pink as a gender stereotypical girl's colour is quite an interesting one. Despite the current consensus being "pink for girls, blue for boys", boys traditionally wore pink in Europe, and the "pinkification" of girls has been a recent phenomenon.The power of pink. The Guardian. 12 December 2009.
Right up until 1927, when Princess Astrid of Belgium decorated her baby's room pink, only to find (shock horror!) that she had actually given birth to a girl, and that she should have decorated her baby's room blue.Although that doesn't really matter, as "boys" were originally called "knave girls", and girls called "gay girls" (not to be confused with modern lesbians) – "boy" historically was a term designated for waiters, like garçon. From QI And in 1921, the Women's Institute for Domestic Science in Pennsylvania endorsed pink for boys, blue for girls.When Blue Meant Yellow. pp. 20 -21, quoted here Part of the reason that blue was associated with girls may have been due to the Virgin Mary being seen traditionally in blue, but there are a variety of theories as to why historically, blue has been considered a girl's colour, and pink a boy's colour.Colormatters - Pink
One common stereotype for gay men is that they are all effeminate. This has been offered as a reason as to why gay men were given a to wear in the Holocaust. Although nobody knows why the switchover occurred, it does appear to have been after the Second World War.
== Campaign against ELC ==
In Christmas 2009, Abi and Emma Moore "denounce[ed] the oceans of pink on show at the Early Learning Centre", to a mixed reception. This led the Pink Stinks campaign to catapult into popularity. As The Grauniad put it: "...all hell broke loose. PinkStinks has since featured in hundreds of television and newspaper reports, in 22 countries around the world, from Argentina to South Africa – and not always in a good way. In Britain, one paper derided the Moore sisters as "dour and humourless feminists". Another was considerably ruder. Sky News had presenter Nina Myskow dress entirely in pink to interview them and even the BBC World Service, says Abi, wanted to put them up against Zandra Rhodes."
==External Links==
* Pink Stinks' website.
* The power of pink. The Guardian
==References==
Category:GenderCategory:Stereotypes Category:Feminism
Pioneer Little Europe

Pioneer Little Europe is a movement that aims to establish whites-only communities (hence "Little Europe", whatever that means) due to fears that the white race will otherwise become extinct. Online, they have a penchant for stealing photos of women in medieval-inspired clothing to tell us what an ideal white woman looks like. The standard fare of Cultural Marxism, with its homophobia and pining for the good old days also applies. But they are totally not Nazis, they just care about white survival and think the Holocaust didn't happen.
 
==History==
The movement was started in 2008 and gathered in Kalispell, Montana to try to make it a Little Europe.How White Supremacists Are Trying to Make an American Town a Model for Right-Wing Extremism by David Holthouse (November 22, 2011) AlterNet In 2012, Craig Cobb, a white nationalist, moved to Leith, North Dakota and attempted to turn it into such a community.More white supremacists move to Leith by Lauren Donovan (October 24, 2013) Bismarck Tribune Cobb has been buying cheap properties throughout the Midwest, including Nebraska, Kansas and North Dakota in an attempt to create a Little Europe as a fait accompli.Neo-Nazi bought church with plans to name it after Trump. A fire destroyed it by Derek Hawkins (March 24 at 4:14 AM) The Washington Post. These land purchases, once discovered, have often been met with outrage by the local citizenry. In 2017, a church that Cobb purchased in Nome, North Dakota, and planned to rename "the “President Donald J. Trump Creativity Church of Rome" went up in flames under mysterious circumstances, rather than simply going down in flames as a foolish idea.
==See also==
*Creativity Movement — Cobb's apparent racist religion
 
==External links==
*Official website
==References==
Category:Alt-right
Category:Racism
Category:Fascism
Category:Homophobia
Category:Internet kooks
Category:Islamophobia
Category:Conspiracy theorists
Category:Neo-Nazism
Category:Holocaust denial
Category:Transphobia
Category:Propaganda
Category:Hate groups
Category:Scams
Category:Webshites
Category:Internet hate sites
Piri Reis map

The Piri Reis map is the surviving fragment of a compiled from previous sources by the Ottoman cartographer .
Only about a third of the original map still exists. It shows relatively accurately parts of the coasts of Europe, north Africa, Brazil, the Azores, the Canary Islands and Japan. North and South America are not accurately depicted, with some substantial errors. Significantly, an error in the depiction of South America has been interpreted by some to be a depiction of the coast of Antarctica, without the current icecap.
Thus, various cranks have seized on this purported "fact" to prop up their pet ideas:
*For Charles Hapgood, that is evidence of an ancient global sea-faring civilization
*For Erich von Däniken, that is evidence of knowledge obtained from ancient astronauts 
*For Gavin Menzies, that is evidence of far-reaching Chinese voyages
*Etc, etc.
The more likely explanation is that this is meant to represent , a hypothetical continent in the southern hemisphere invented in the 15th century (before Europeans had fully mapped out the Southern hemisphere), based on nothing more than the assumption that the Southern hemisphere would have just as much land as the Northern one.
==External links==
*
*http://www.sacred-texts.com/piri/
*www.bibliotecapleyades.net in Spanish
* Piri Reis Map by Steven Dutch
category:Pseudohistory
Category:Ancient aliens
Placodermi

The Placoderms ("plate skin") are a class of extinct jawed vertebrates which are - by those few laypeople who've heard of them - dismissed as being a bunch of sluggish has-beens which were somehow easily outcompeted by primitive sharks and primitive bony fish. That is, except when people talk about the "first vertebrate superpredator," the bus-sized Dunkleosteus, which is popularly imagined as being akin to a swimming dumptruck of death that munched on primitive sharks like fishy carrot sticks. They are also known as "Panzer fish" in most German-speaking countries, but only a very few had body patterns that included the Iron Cross.
==Evolution and fossil record==
The placoderms first arose in marine environments sometime during the Silurian period, but left very few fossils from that time. As was mentioned above, the ancestors of the first placoderms are thought to be an armored jawless fish related to the Osteostracans and the Galeaspids. Only two Silurian placoderms have been named, one being the mysterious "Wangolepis," which is known from a few fossil fragments, and the early antiarch, Silurolepis platydorsalis, from the Ludlow epoch of Yunnan, China. Although Silurolepis is the only officially/formally described Silurian placoderm, what little evidence we have is still enough to demonstrate that, by the start of the late Silurian, the placoderms had already begun diversifying into most of the known orders, including antiarchs and the arthrodires.
Come the start of the Devonian, the placoderms were, more or less, in all known marine environments, and would go on to colonize many freshwater environments by the Middle Devonian. The placoderms' domination of virtually all aquatic environments would last until the very end of the Devonian. Insultingly, human authors of "popular" books on prehistoric life tend to ignore, gloss over, or dismiss this fact in favor of focusing on the evolution of tetrapods. This is akin to writing a book on the modern history of Nevada, and devoting only a three-sentence paragraph about the influence of the gambling industry on the shaping of Las Vegas.
Category:Evolution
Category:Transitional fossils
Category:Fish
Plaid Cymru

Plaid Cymru (pronounced [plaɪd ˈkəmri], meaning the Party of Wales), also commonly referred to as Plaid for shortWhile "Plaid" means "party" in Welsh, the term is slightly old fashioned. Other parties are available. is a left-wing political party in the United Kingdom which also advocates an independent Wales, and campaigns vigorously for the Welsh language. Their current symbol is a Welsh poppy, although the logo looks curiously similar to the daffodil which is more commonly associated with Wales as a national symbol.
Plaid Cymru probably does not contain any druids, nor does its annual conference coincide with an Eisteddfod. Out of forty Welsh seats in Parliament, Plaid Cymru currently holds an amazing four. However, despite their lack of success in the English dominated British parliament, they have been relatively successful in the Welsh Assembly, forming a coalition government in Third Welsh Assembly (2007–11) with the Labour Party.
They are not to be confused with 1980s nationalist group (pronounced May-beon Glin-doore), who used to burn down English people's holiday homes in protest not only to the way this affected the price of neighbourhood houses - primarily because the houses were empty save for two nights a year, which was considered extremely disrespectful to Welsh locals - but also the way the English treated the country at the time. To this day, the group have not been caught. The police actually arrested well-known nationalist celebrities who had nothing to do with the group.25 years later... why have we still not caught the cottage burners? Daily Post, 9 December 2004.
Despite having 'plaid' in their name, most of them do not wear kilts.Welsh kilts, or cilts (sic), are a thing, but are not as common as their Irish, let alone Scottish, equivalents.
==See also==
* Gethin ap Gruffydd
* Mudiad Amddiffyn Cymru
* Scottish National Party
==External links==
*Official Website
==Notes==
==References==
category:United Kingdom
Category:British politics
Category:British political parties
Category:Social democratic political parties
Category:Nationalism in the UK
Planned Parenthood v. Casey

Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey (1992) is a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case concerning limitations on right to abortion under Roe v. Wade. While the Court upheld a women's right to abortion, it allowed the State further discretion in limiting that right. Every time this issue has come to the Supreme Court, the United States has sided with those who would make a woman's right to choose an illegal "right".
==History==
The case arose out of the Pennsylvania law Pennsylvania Abortion Control Act which enforced 5 new standards of restrictions upon women attempting to access their legal right to terminate a pregnancy, and questioned the legality of a State to be restricted by Roe v.Wade. Five primary issues of the Act were under scrutiny, above and beyond the question of the validity of Roe v.Wade:
#Informed consent: requiring doctors to explain the health risks of an abortion
#Spousal notification: requiring the spouse to be notified of a pending abortion
#Parental consent: requiring at least one parent or guardian provide consent before a minor can have an abortion (with a judicial remedy if necessary) 
#Requirement for a 24-hour waiting period before the procedure could be done
#Reporting requirements: imposed on the doctor of clinic undertaking the procedure (with privacy rights supposedly maintained)
Historically, this was the first time the Court took on any abortion issue since Roe v. Wade. On the bench, there were eight Republican "conservative" appointees and one Democratic "liberal" appointee. This would be the first time a woman (Sandra Day O'Connor) would be on the bench for this issue.
==Legal opinion==
The nine-member bench fell strangely on this case, each of the five major issues being decided differently by different justices.
* The Court upheld the basic rights outlined in Roe: O'Connor, Kennedy, Souter, Blackman, Stevens
* The Court denied Spousal Notification, saying it violated a woman's privacy: O'Connor, Kennedy, Souter, Blackman, Stevens
* The Court upheld Informed Consent: O'Connor, Kennedy, Souter, Rehnquist and Scalia
* The Court upheld the 24-hour waiting period: O'Connor, Kennedy, Souter, Rehnquist and Scalia
* The Court upheld the Parental Consent (as long as there was judicial remedy): O'Connor, Kennedy, Souter, Rehnquist and Scalia
* The Court upheld the Notification Requirements O'Connor, Kennedy, Souter, Rehnquist and Scalia
==Notes==
Category:Law
Category:Court cases
Category:Culture wars
Category:Feminism
Category:United States Supreme Court cases
Platypus

The platypusLatin derived from the Greek words πλατύς ("weird") and πους ("animal thing"). (or Ornithorhynchus anatinus, also known as "a semi-aquatic egg-laying mammal of action)This is because of the song from Phineas and Ferb, is an evolutionary screw-up and laughingstock of the animal kingdom. It is an incredibly dangerous semi-aquatic mammal indigenous to Australia. (wait, isn't that par for the course?) The ridiculous appearance of this egg-laying, venomous, duck-billed, beaver-tailed, otter-footed mammal baffled European naturalists when they first encountered it, with some — especially those only presented with platypus skins or preserved specimens — considering it an elaborate hoax.
The bill is an example of convergent evolution: if you're sucking bugs out of water-bottom mud, you'll want something about that shape, whether you're a duck or a platypus. Form follows function. Ironically, creationists often cite the platypus as "proof" against evolution, claiming that a creature this strange cannot possibly be a product of natural selection. Contrary to popular belief, the platypus is not a "living fossil" that represents a link between birds and mammals (that link never existed in the first place) as it does not retain the features of the primitive mammals it evolved from.http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/platypus.html
Though docile unless you try to skin it and sell its fur, the male platypus packs one more surprise: it has a spur on the hindfoot that delivers a venom capable of causing severe pain to humans.
The platypus is one of only four extant egg-laying mammals, all in the order of monotremes (Monotremata). The other three species are all echidnas in the genera Tachyglossus and Zaglossus (family Tachyglossidae);A Handbook of New Guinea's Marsupials and Monotremes by James Menzies (2011). University of Papua New Guinea Press, 2nd ed. ISBN 9980945125. the extant platypus is in the family Ornithorhynchidae. The platypus sports numerous avian and reptilian features (who also lay eggs) not present in any other modern mammal. Thus, it might be (in appearance, though certainly not in phylogeny) the crocoduck that Kirk Cameron has told us we should expect to see.
==Notes==
==References==
Category:Animals
Category:Australia
Category:Evolution
Plessy v. Ferguson

Plessy v. Ferguson was a case handed down in 1896 by the Supreme Court. Homer Plessy, a man who did not consider himself "African American" and certainly looked white, but qualified as "black" under "1-drop rules" (by the terminology of the time he was an "octoroon"), sued after being kicked out of a "whites only" car on a railroad. The legislation which caused this, the Separate Car Act of 1890, demanded that "equal but separate accommodations" be required to residents who were white and black.separate but equal After he agreed to sit there as a test case, and winning his suit at all levels, the Supreme Court handed Plessy a loss for himself and for the rights of Americans everywhere.
The holding of Plessy made clear that the equality guarantees of the newly passed Fourteenth Amendment were confined to rights of a civil and political nature. Social rights — such as equality in the public sphere — were not guaranteed. Specifically, Plessy held that the federal government, or state governments, may classify on the basis of race and perform social engineering activities designed to separate the races so long as they did not become inordinately oppressive. The majority of the Court did not define what would be inordinately oppressive.
Justice John Marshall Harlan filed a blistering dissent, arguing for a colorblind Constitution, and stating that he would have stricken down segregation over 50 years before the Court did in Brown v. Board of Education. He correctly predicted that the decision was going to be as infamous as Dred Scott v. Sandford.
==See also==
*Dred Scott v. Sandford, the other horrible historic United States Supreme Court decision
*Jim Crow laws
==Notes==
==References==
Category:Constitutional law
Category:Government incompetence
Category:Racism
Category:United States Supreme Court cases
Poisoning the well

Poisoning the well (also called the smear tactic) is a rhetorical technique and logical fallacy that uses the association of negative emotions to distract a subject from actual evidence in an argument.
Poisoning the well is an appeal to hate.
The usual method is to point out the unpleasant nature of the person making the opposing argument, in which case it is a special case of a personal attack or ad hominem. In general, "to poison the well" means to pre-provide any information that could produce a biased opinion of the reasoning, positive or negative.
It can be done subtly or quite blatantly. A subtle way of poisoning the well would be to use particular adjectives in introducing something that would influence people who are about to hear an argument. A good example would be introducing an argument that you disagree with by using the phrase 'Do you believe this rubbish?' The word 'rubbish' poisons the well.
In a more blatant display, someone can make an outright personal attack in an introduction. For example, asking people to remember that a person has been in prison before listening to their statements; the well is now "poisoned" because people are likely to distrust a person making an argument knowing that they're a convict, regardless of the reasoning that they put forward.
==See also==
* Appeal to emotion
* Appeal to shame
* Antisemitism — in the context of which the accusation of literal well-poisoning goes back millennia.
* Fear, uncertainty, and doubt
* Loaded language
* Shill gambit
===Want to read this in another language?===
==External links==
*
*Poisoning the Well, Fallacy Files
*Poisoning the Well, About.com
*Poisoning the Well, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
*Fallacy: Poisoning the Well, Nizkor Project
Category:Ad hominem
Category:Fallacious arguments