Sharifate of Meccaball

Sharifate of Meccaball or rarely Emirate of Meccaball was an early Hashemite Arab nation.
==History==
===Pre- Ottoman Empireball===
Originally, the sharifs of Hejazball had generally avoided involvement in public life. This situation changed in the second half of the 10th century, with the rise of Qarmatiansball, a radical sect who broke off from mainstream Ismaili branch of Shi'ism. Qarmatiansball directed tribal raids towards Iraqball, Syriaball and much of the Arabian Peninsula, interrupting the flux of pilgrims to Meccaball. 
In 930, Qarmatiansball raiders attacked Meccaball, and stole the holy Black Stone from the Kaaba, gravely embarrassing the Abbasidball caliph in Baghdadball. Abu al-Misk Kafur, a vassal of Abbasidball as ruler of Ikhshididrawr in Egyptball, persuaded Qarmatiansball to end their raids and return the Black Stone to Meccaball in return for an annual tribute. As a measure to enhance the safety of the pilgrims he chose one of the sharifs of Hejazball, and installed him as Emir of Meccaball in about 964.
In 1012, the Emir of Meccaball Abu'l-Futuh al-Hasan declared himself caliph, but he was persuaded to give up his title in the same year. Under its first ruler, Sulayhidball, an Ismaili dynasty, conquered the whole of Yemenball in 1062, and proceeded northwards to occupy Hejazball. For a time, they appointed the Emirs of Mecca. As Sunni power began to revive after 1058, the Meccan Emirs maintained an ambiguous position between the Fatimidball and the Seljukball of Isfahanball. 
After Saladin overthrew Fatimidball in 1171, Ayyubidball aspired to establish their sovereignty over Meccaball. Their constant dynastic disputes, however, led to a period free of external interferences in Hejazball. By circa 1200, a sharif by the name of Qatadah ibn Idris seized power and was recognised as Emir by the Ayyubidball sultan. He became the first of a dynasty, the Banu Qatadah, that held the Emirate until it was abolished in 1925. 
 Mamlukball succeeded in taking over Hejazball, and made it a regular province of their empire after 1350. Jeddahball became a base of the Mamlukball for their operations in the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean, leading it to replace Yanbuball as the main maritime trade centre on Hejazball coast. By playing off members of the sharifian house against one another, the Mamlukball managed to achieve a high degree of control over Hejazball.
=== Ottomanball's era===
During Ottomanball's period the Emirate was not hereditary, and owed its succession to direct nomination by the Ottoman Porte. A dual system of government existed over Hejazball for much of this period. Ruling authority was shared between the Emir, a member of the ashraf or descendants of Muhammad, and the Ottoman wāli or governor. This system continued until the Arab Revolt of 1916. Apart from the Emirs of Meccaball, Ottomanball's administration in Hejazball was first at the hands of the Governor of Egyptball and then the Governors of Jeddahball. The Eyalet of Jeddahball was later transformed into the Hejaz Vilayetball, with a governor in Meccaball.
For much of the 19th century, the northernmost place of the Emirate was Al-'Ula, while the southern limit was usually Al Lith, and sometimes Al Qunfudhah; to the east, it never stretched further than the Khaybar oasis. Meccaball, Medinaball and Jeddahball were its largest cities. Some of the population of these cities consisted of non-Arab Muslims, including Bukharis, Javanese, Indians, Afghans, and Central Asians.
====Middle period of the Ottomanball's rule====
Hejazball was formerly under the Mamlukrawr until its defeat and take over by the Ottomans in 1517. In the same year, Sharif Barakat of Meccaball acknowledged Ottomanball's Sultan as Caliph. When the Sharifs accepted Ottomanball's sovereignty, the Sultan confirmed them in their position as rulers of Hejazball. Ottomanball's authority was only indirect, as the arrangement left real power with the Emir. The Sultan assumed the title of "Hâdimü'l-Haremeyni'ş-Şerifeyn", or Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques.
In 1630, a flood swept Meccaball, almost completely destroying the Kaaba. It had been restored by 1636. In 1680, about 100 people drowned in another flood in Mecca.
Initially, Ottomanball administered Hejazball under Eyalet of Egyptball. The Emirs were appointed by the Sultan taking into consideration the choice of the sharifs, as well as the opinions of the Wālis of Egyptball, Damascusball and Jeddahball (after it was established), as well as that of the qadi of Meccaball. The Emir of Meccaball was always from the Hashemite clan of Muhammad. This situation was ended in 1803, when fundamentalist Wahhabis deposed the ruling Emir of Meccaball, Ghalib ibn Musa'id.
==== Saudi invasion of Hejazball (1802 - 1806) ====
 Emirate of Diriyahball started to be a threat on Hejazball from the 1750s onwards. Subscribing to the reformist Salafi–Wahhabi creed of Sunnism, the religious establishment of the Saudis rose as a religious movement in Diriyahball in Najdball in 1744–1745. Their doctrine found few sympathisers in Hejazball, and the Mufti of Meccaball pronounced them heretics. 
They were able to take the two holy cities in 1801. In 1803, Wahhabis, led by Abdulaziz Al Saud, attacked Meccaball. Sharif Ghalib fled to Jeddahball, which was besieged shortly thereafter. Sharif Ghalib was sent back to Meccaball as a vassal of Emirate of Diriyahball.
==== Ottomanball's recapture of Hejazball (1811 - 1814)====
First Tusun Pasha from Eyalet of Egyptball led the army in 1811 and occupied Medinaball in 1812 and Meccaball in 1813. After his death Ibrahim Pasha, who had accompanied Muhammad Ali's personal visit to Hejazball in 1814, took over after lagging success with repeated Saudi resistance and managed to push the Wahhabis back into Najdball by 1818. 
Upon the news of the victory, Mahmud II appointed İbrahim Pasha governor of Jeddahball and Habeshball. He was the nominal ruler of Hejazball on behalf of Ottomanball from 1811 to 1840. The 1840 Convention of Londonball forced Muhammad Ali to pull out from Hejazball.
==== Viyalet of Hejazball====
After Hejazball was restored to Ottomanball, the provincial administration was restructured, and it was organised as the Vilayet of Hejazball. This led to the creation of two parallel political and administrative bodies: the Emirate and the Vilayet. After the Governor started to reside in Meccaball, the Vilayet in a way took the Emirate into its jurisdiction, leading to a situation of dual government.
The reform provided for the loss of the near-autonomy of the Emir, leading to a conflict between Emir and wāli that lasted for the rest of the 19th century. Even then, the Emir of Meccaball was not relegated to a position where he would be subordinate to the wāli. The Emirs of Meccaball continued to have a say in the administration of Hejazball alongside the governors. The two had an uneasy parallel coexistence: while ruling over the same geography, they divided authority in a complex way, leading to a continuous negotiation, conflict or cooperation between them.
As early as the 1880s, there was talk of British Empireball occupation of Hejazball with the support of the sharifs. British Empireball also challenged the Sultan's caliphate by claiming that they should appoint the Emir, as they ruled over four times as many Muslims as the Ottomans.
==Relationship==
===Friends===
* الدولة العثمانية الساميةكرة - The long you protect me, the more I like you. Thanks for protecting me from Al-Saudis and Al-Wahhabis.
** إيالة مصركرة - My best hero that helps me fight with the al-dumb Wahhabis.
* الخلافة العباسيةكرة - The al-establisher of me.
* الهاشميةكرة - The al-ancestor of me and other Al-Hashemites.
** المملكة العربية السوريةكرة - Peace to upon you, short-lived akhi.
** المملكة العراقيةكرة الهاشمية - It's ok, that Al-Bri'ishball is a evil.
** المملكة الأردنيةكرة الهاشمية - The modern and present Al-Hashemite brother. Countinue the Al-Hashemite dynasty, Akhi!
===Neutral===
* المملكة الحجازيةكرة الهاشمية - My al-succesor that killed my Al-Great islamic caliphate protector-friend. Why??? He's innocent. You also help the evil entente power.
===Enemies===
* الإمبراطورية البريطانيةكرة - The al-destroyer of my al-friend and guardian.
* الإمبراطورية الفرنسيةكرة - Same as British Empireball.
* إمارة الدرعية الكبرىكرة - First Al-Wahhabi invader that almost killed me.
* إمارة نجدكرة - I SAID GET OUT FROM THE HOLY CITY, DUMB AL-WAHHABI!!!
==Flag colors==
==How to draw==
Drawing him is not so easy with only two colors:
# Draw a ball.
# Fill inside with the Hashemite Red color.
# Use Umayyad White color and draw a star with seven corner and leave a circle inside it at the right of the flag.
# In that circle, draw a basmalah using the thuluth khat calligraphy.
# Then, draw a shahada in the middle of him just like the Saudi Arabiaball.
# Lastly, Draw a circle and the second verse of Al-Fatihah (Qur'an) with same khat calligraphy.
# Draw the eyes and you're finished.
==Trivia==
*Sharifate of Meccaball is the second longest-lived islamic countryball that existed in the world that lasts 949 years, Imamate of Omanball being the first that lasts 1210 years and Ottoman Empireball in the third that lasts 623 years.
*Being vassal of many great islamic powers, he also being vassal of the Two Seljukballs and the Timuridball in the short times.
==Gallery==
Banu Hashim .png
Category:Historical Countryballs
Category:Hashemites
Category:Asia
Category:Islam
Category:Arabic Speaking Countryball
Category:Saudi Arabiaball
Category:Middle East
Category:Star and Crescent
Category:Red White