nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Carat

== Description ==
1) A unit of weight for gemstones. One carat is 200 milligrams. Carat was used in the middle ages by alchemists.
2) (usually spelled karat) A unit of measure for the purity of gold. Pure gold is 24 karat or 1000 fine. A gold alloy that contains 75% gold is 18 karat or 750 fine.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
karat; Karat (Deut.); carat (Fr.); fine
==Resources and Citations==
* David C. Scott, Metallography and Microstructure of Ancient and Historic Metals, The Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles, 1991
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
Category:Materials database
Carbamate

== Description ==
A class of compounds derived from carbamic acid that are used as insecticides. Carbamates work as cholinesterase inhibitors. They are also used in the synthesis of polyurethane plastics.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
bendiocarb; carbaryl; propoxur; carbofuran; Furadan
== Risks ==
* Suspected carcinogen.
* Thermofisher: Methyl carbamate SDS
==Resources and Citations==
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 837
* Lynda A. Zycherman, J.Richard Schrock, A Guide to Museum Pest Control, FAIC and Association of Systematics Collections, Washington DC, 1988
* J. Dawson, CCI Technical Bulletin, 'Solving Museum Insect Problems: Chemical Control' , Canadian Conservation Institute, Ottawa, No. 15
Category:Materials database
Carbaryl

== Description ==
A carbamate compound used as a general purpose insecticide. Carbaryl was introduced by Union Carbide in 1958 in the U.S. and was commonly sold under the name Sevin (trademarked by Bayer), It is a contact insecticide that works as a reverse cholinesterase inhibitor. It is stable to light and heat and may provide residual effectiveness for up to 4 months. Product information indicates the formulation contain solvents that may stain some materials such as rugs, drapes, and fabrics. The use of carbaryl is restricted in the U.S. The Sevin trademark has since been acquired by GardenTech, which has eliminated carbaryl from most Sevin formulations.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
1-naphthyl methylcarbamate; 
Commercial products: Sevin [Union Carbide]; Arylam; Carylderm; Clinicide; Derbac; Dicarbam; Ravyon; Seffein; Demon WP
== Risks ==
* Toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin contact. LD50 = 850 mg/kg (rats) 
* Combustible. Flash point = 203 C 
* Carcinogen, teratogen and suspected mutagen. 
* Noncorrosive. 
* Loveland Products: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Soluble in dimethyl formamide, acetone, cyclohexanone. Insoluble in water.
Composition 	C10H7OOCNHCH3
CAS 	63-25-2
Melting Point 	142 C
Density 	1.232 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 201.2
==Resources and Citations==
* Lynda A. Zycherman, J.Richard Schrock, A Guide to Museum Pest Control, FAIC and Association of Systematics Collections, Washington DC, 1988
* G.Caneva, M.P.Nugari, O.Salvadori, Biology in the Conservation of Works of Art, ICCROM, Rome, 1991
* J. Dawson, CCI Technical Bulletin, 'Solving Museum Insect Problems: Chemical Control' , Canadian Conservation Institute, Ottawa, No. 15
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry #1831
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbaryl (Accessed Mar. 20, 2006)
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Carbitol

== Description ==
[Union Carbide, subsidiary of Dow Chemical] A brand name for a series of solvents composed of ethers of diethylene glycol. Carbitol solvents are miscible with most organic solvents as well as with water. They have been used in paint thinner formulations as well as solvents for varnishes, enamels, inks, dyestuffs, and wood stains.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol; diethylene glycol monoethyl ether; Cellosolve
== Risks ==
* Toxic by ingestion. 
* May cause skin irritation.
* Comet Chemical: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Miscible with acetone, benzene, chloroform, ethanol, ether, water.
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 303
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1847
Category:Materials database
Carbohydrate

== Description ==
Any compound that contains sugar as a structural unit. Carbohydrates include monosaccharides (fructose, glucose), disaccharides (sucrose, maltose, lactose) and polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, gum, agar, carrageenan). They are manufactured by plants and provide the major source of energy for animals and people. Simple carbohydrates, such as sugars, are water-soluble with a sweet taste. Starches and gums are composed of repeating saccharide groups. They swell in water to form a gel and can be hydrolyzed to obtain their sugar constituents. Cellulose is insoluble in water and organic solvents. Carbohydrates are used as paint binders, varnishes, adhesives, and sizing agents.
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p.137
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Richard C. Wolbers, Nanette T. Sterman, Chris Stavroudis, Notes for Workshop on New Methods in the Cleaning of Paintings, J.Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 1990
* John S. Mills, Raymond White, The Organic Chemistry of Museum Objects, Butterworth Heineman, London, 2nd ed., 1994
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Carbolic acid

== Description ==
An old, but legalized, name for phenol. Carbolic acid is a poisonous white crystalline compound that has been used in dilute solutions as a disinfectant and antiseptic. Its composition is C6H5OH.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
phenol
== Risks ==
* Toxic
* ThermoFisher: SDS
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 596
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Carbon

== Description ==
A nonmetallic element that is contained in all organic molecules. Carbon has an abundance in the earth's crust of 0.027% where it occurs as Diamonds, graphite, coal and as inorganic carbonates. Diamond is a valuable gemstone and is one of the hardest substance known. Graphite, although also composed of carbon, is a very soft, greasy substance. It is used in pencils, inks and as a lubricant. Carbon black is a principal black pigment. It is obtained by burning many different types of organic materials, such as Acetylene, Wood, Fruit pits, Vine stalks, Bone, Ivory, Gas, Cork, Resins, or Oils. Carbon is used in industry to manufacture fibers, make electrodes and as a sorbent and fill material. Carbon fibers are insoluble and can withstand high temperatures. Carbon arc electrodes can produce a light spectrum similar to sunlight.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
C; Koolstof (Ned.); carbone (Fr.); Kohlenstoff (Deut.); carbonio (It.); Carbono (Port.); carbono (Esp.); Kol (Sven.)
== Risks ==
Nontoxic.
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Composition 	C (atomic no. 6)
CAS 	7440-44-0
Melting Point 	~3550 C
Density 	1.8-3.5 g/ml
Molecular Weight	atomic wt = 12.0107
Boiling Point 	4825 C
==Resources and Citations==
* Web Elements: Website
* J.Winter, "The Characterization of Pigments Based on Carbon" Studies in Conservation, 28:49-66, 1983.
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p.139
* Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1855
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon (Accessed Jan. 6, 2006)
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Carbon arc

== Description ==
Solid carbon filaments or rods produce light and heat when an electrical arc is passed between them. Carbon arc lamps require low-currents, but produce of brilliant, high intensity glow. They can simulate the spectrum of sunlight including the ultraviolet and infrared regions. Carbon arc lamps have been used for motion picture projectors. They are also used to produce intense heat for the cutting and welding of metals.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
carbon-arc (Br.); Lichtbogen (Deut.)
== Risks ==
* Carbon arc fumes are toxic. They emit nitrogen oxides, ozone, carbon monoxide and vapors from rare earth metals. 
* The ultraviolet light can damage eyes.
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 141
* ASTM, Standard Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Section 14, General Methods and Instrumentation, ASTM, G113, 1371-1373, Sep-94
* Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Carbon copy paper

== Description ==
Unglazed, white paper that is placed adjacent to carbon paper to readily accept any transferred marks. 
See carbon paper.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
copy paper; manifold paper; transfer paper
==Resources and Citations==
* E.J.LaBarre, Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Paper-making, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 1969
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* J.Gordon Cook, Handbook of Textile Fibres:II Man-made Fibres, Merrow Publishing Co. , Durham, England
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Carbon dioxide

== Description ==
A colorless, odorless gas. Carbon dioxide is naturally produced as a byproduct of respiration, combustion, and decomposition. It has an abundance of 0.027-0.036% in earth's atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is used to make carbonated beverages, aerosol propellants, and fire extinguishers. In museums, it has also been used to create inert, oxygen-free environments to minimize oxidative degradation and to asphyxite insects. Solid carbon dioxide, dry ice, is used for refrigeration and special effects. Liquid carbon dioxide, compressed at high pressures (see supercritical fluid), has been used as a solvent to remove DDT from artifacts (Kang et al. 2004).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
carbonic anhydride; fixed gas; carbonic acid gas; dry ice (solid); anhydride carbonique (Fr.); carbondioxid (Dan.); Kohlenstoffdioxid (Deut.); dióxido de carbono (Esp., Port.); dioxyde de carbone (Fr.); anidride carbonica (It.); kooldioxide (Ned.); koolstofdioxide (Ned.); karbondioksid (Nor.); dwutlenek wêgla (Pol.); anidrido carbónico (Port.); koldioxid (Sven.)
== Risks ==
* Asphyxiating in concentrations over 10%. 
* Noncombustible. 
* Airgas: SDS
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Soluble in water forming carbonic acid. pKa = 6.35 and 10.33
Composition 	CO2
CAS 	124-38-9
Melting Point 	-78.5 C
Density 	1.98 kg/m3 (gas)
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 44.0
Refractive Index	1.195 (liquid)
Boiling Point 	-65 C
== Resources and Citations ==
* Sung Mo Kang, Achim Unger, J.J. Morrell, 'The Effect of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Color Retention and Pesticide Reduction of Wooden Artifacts' JAIC 43(2) 151-160, 2004.
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 144
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1857
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide (Accessed Dec. 9, 2005)
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
* CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: ref. index=1.195 (liquid)
Category:Materials database
Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher

== Description ==
A fire extinguishing system that uses noncombustible carbon dioxide to cover the flammable components; this displaces oxygen and smothers the flames. A carbon dioxide compressed air system is a nonaqueous fire extinguishing system used in museum storage rooms and electrical areas because it can stop the fire without the use of water. However, the gas is asphixiating to humans and may leave smoldering areas that can re-ignite when the room is vented. The carbon dioxide hand-carried extinguishers use a foam (snow) or liquid CO2 . The carbon dioxide is heavier than air and is very useful for fighting fires in low places. These extinguishers are used for fires that involve flammable liquids, oils, grease, or electrical equipment.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
CO2 fire extinguisher; CO2-Feuerlöschanlage (Deut.); extincteur à neige carbonique (Fr.); extintor de CO2 (Port.)
== Risks ==
* Noncombustible.
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
Category:Materials database
Carbon disulfide

== Description ==
A clear, colorless liquid with a strong, disagreeable odor. Carbon disulfide was discovered in 1796. It was once used as a fumigant for houses, wood objects, and books. However, it is no longer recommended because it can soften paints, varnishes, plastics, and rubbers as well as tarnish metals. It is also highly toxic to humans.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
carbon sulfide; carbon bisulfide; carbon sulphide (Br.); carbon disulphide (Br.); carbon bisulphide (Br.)
== Risks ==
* Toxic by inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption. 
* Flammable. Dangerous fire and explosion risk. Flash point = -30C (-22F) 
* Can be stored in iron, aluminum, glass, porcelain, Teflon. 
* Airgas: SDS
* EPA lists carbon dioxide as hazardous waste due to its toxicity and ignitability; concentrations over 10% must be disposed of appropriately
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
* Soluble in ethanol, benzene, ether, chloroform, oils. 
* Slightly soluble in water. 
* Burns with blue flame.
Composition 	CS2
CAS 	75-15-0
Melting Point 	-111.6 C
Density 	1.2632 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol.wt. = 76.1
Refractive Index	1.628
Boiling Point 	46.3-46.5 C
== Resources and Citations ==
* L. Goldberg, A History Of Pest Control Measures In The Anthropology Collections, National Museum Of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, JAIC (35):23-43, 1996
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966 Comment: Flash point = -20C
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 743
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Stephen R. Edwards, Bruce M. Bell, Mary Elizabeth King, Pest Control in Museums: a Status Report 1980, Association of Sytematics Collections, Washington DC, 1980
* Lynda A. Zycherman, J.Richard Schrock, A Guide to Museum Pest Control, FAIC and Association of Systematics Collections, Washington DC, 1988
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979 Comment: flash point = -30C (-22F)
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: ref. index=1.628
Category:Materials database
Carbon ink

== Description ==
A black ink containing powdered carbon pigment. Carbon ink usually contains lampblack in a dilute aqueous solution of gum or glue. Carbon inks were used in China as early as the 3rd millennium BCE (Kuhn 1986). They were also used Egyptian papyrus and medieval manuscripts (Roberts and Etherington 1982). Carbon black inks were replaced with iron gall inks in the 12th century.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
carbon black ink; Chinese ink; Indian ink; black wash
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Soluble in water.
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 410
* Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* Book and Paper Group, Paper Conservation Catalog, AIC, 1984, 1989
* A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms, Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Carbon monoxide

== Description ==
An odorless, colorless, tasteless, and highly poisonous gas. Carbon monoxide is produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon containing materials. It is used in organic synthesis and metallurgy.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
carbon oxide; carbonic oxide; monoxyde de carbone (Fr.)
== Risks ==
* Very toxic by inhalation. Good ventilation should always be used with furnaces, kilns, stoves, gas engines and space heaters. 
* Very flammable. Forms explosive mixture when mixed with air. 
* Airgas: SEDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Soluble in ethanol and some organic solvents. Slightly soluble in water. 
* Burns with a light blue flame.
Composition 	CO
CAS 	630-08-0
Melting Point 	-205.0 C
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 28.0
Boiling Point 	-191.5
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 144
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1861
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Carbon paper

== Description ==
A thin paper coated on one side with a dense pigment in a waxy binder. First patented about 1810, carbon paper is used to make duplicates. The carbon black, or lampblack, pigment was held in place with a wax or oil-soluble binder. Carbon paper is placed between two blank sheets of paper with the pigment facing the lower page. Mechanical marks made with a pen, pencil, or typewriter, on the top page will be replicated on the bottom page with pigment from the carbon paper. Unglazed paper, called carbon copy paper, was often used for the bottom, or copy, page for better acceptance of the transfer.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
carbonizing paper; carbon tissue; papier carbone (Fr.); papier carboné (Fr.); transfer paper; graphite paper
== Resources and Citations ==
* Boise Cascade Paper Group, The Paper Handbook, Boise Cascade, Portland OR, 1989
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* The Dictionary of Paper, American Paper Institute, New York, Fourth Edition, 1980
* E.J.LaBarre, Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Paper-making, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 1969
* Edward Reich, Carlton J. Siegler, Consumer Goods: How to Know and Use Them, American Book Company, New York City, 1937
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 145
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database