nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
2020 Indonesia President's Cup

The 2020 Indonesia President's Cup () was the fourth edition of Indonesia President's Cup, held by the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI) as a pre-season tournament for the 2019 Liga 1. The tournament started on 4 Mei and finished on 30 October 2019.
Arema were the defending champions, but they were eliminated in the quarter-finals by
== Teams ==
The following 20 teams (18 from Liga 1 and two from Liga 2) participated for the tournament.
Team 	Appearance	Lastappearance	Previous bestperformance 	2018 seasonleague ranking	
Arema 	5th 	2019 	Winners (2017, 2019) 	6th in Liga 1 	
Bali United 	5th 	2019 	Runners-up (2018) 	1st in Liga 1 	
Barito Putera 	4th 	2019 	Group stage (2017, 2018, 2019)	9th in Liga 1 	
Bhayangkara 	5th 	2019 	Quarter-finals (2015, 2017) 	3rd in Liga 1 	
Borneo 	5th 	2019 	Runners-up (2017) 	3rd in Liga 1 	
Madura United 	5th 	2019 	Semi-finals (2019) 	6th in Liga 1 	
Persebaya 	3rd 	2019 	Runners-up (2019) 	5th in Liga 1 	
Persela 	5th 	2019 	Quarter-finals (2019) 	13th in Liga 1 	
Perseru 	4th 	2019 	Group stage (2017, 2018 2019) 	16th in Liga 1 	
Persib 	5th 	2018 	Winners (2015) 	4th in Liga 1 	
Persija 	5th 	2018 	Winners (2018) 	1st in Liga 1 	
Persik 	1st 	Debut 	Debut 	1st in Liga 2 	
Persipura 	3rd 	2019 	Group stage (2017, 2019) 	2nd in Liga 1 	
Persiraja 	1st 	Debut 	Debut 	data-sort-value="3" 	3rd in Liga 2
Persita 	3rd 	2019 	Group stage (2015, 2019) 	2nd in Liga 2 	
PSIS 	3rd 	2019 	Group stage (2018, 2019) 	10th in Liga 1 	
PSM 	4th 	2019 	Quarter-finals (2015) 	2nd in Liga 1 	
PSS 	3rd 	2019 	Group stage (2017, 2019) 	8th in Liga 1 	
Sriwijaya 	5th 	2018 	Third place (2018) 	4th in Liga 2 	
TIRA-Persikabo	4th 	2019 	Quarter-finals (2019) 	13th in Liga 1
2020 Russia-Saudi Arabia oil price war

= Russia-Saudi Arabia oil price war =
On 8 March 2020, Saudi Arabia initiated a price war with Russia, triggering a major fall in the price of oil, with US oil prices crashing 34%, crude oil crashing 26%, and brent oil falling by 24%. The price war was triggered by a breakup in dialogue between the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and Russia over proposed oil production cuts in the midst of the 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak. Oil prices had already fallen 30% since the start of the year due to a drop in demand. The fall in prices was one of the causes of the global stock market crash on 9 March 2020, colloquially known as Black Monday.
== Background ==
As a result of the 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, factory output and transportation demand fell, bringing overall demand for oil down as well, and causing oil prices to fall. On 15 February 2020, the International Energy Agency announced that demand growth would fall to the lowest rate since 2011, with growth falling by 325,000 barrels per day to 825,000 barrels per day, and a contraction in consumption by 435,000 barrels per day. Although demand for oil was falling globally, a drop in demand in China's markets, the largest since 2008, triggered an OPEC summit in Vienna on 5 March 2020. At the summit, it was agreed to cut oil production by 1.5 million barrels per day through the second quarter of the year, with the group expected to review the policy on 9 June during their next meeting. On Friday 6 March 2020, Russia rejected the proposal, with oil prices falling 10% after the announcement.
On 8 March 2020, Saudi Arabia announced unexpected price discounts of $6 to $8 per barrel to customers in Europe, Asia, and the United States. The announcement triggered a free fall in oil prices that day, with brent crude falling by 30%, the largest drop since the Gulf War.
== Effect on stock markets ==
On Monday, 9 March 2020, stock markets globally experienced major point drops due to a combination of panic over the 2019-20 coroanvirus outbreak and the price war between Saudi Arabia and Russia. The Dow Jones fell over 7%, or 2,000 points, the largest point drop in its history. Other stock markets were similarly affected, with the S&P 500 contracting by 7.6% and the NASDAQ Composite contracting by 7.2%. The drops triggered circuit breakers designed to prevent stock market crashes, leading to 15-minute pauses in trading.
== See also ==
* Black Monday (2020)
* Russia–Saudi Arabia relations
== References ==
2020 United States presidential election

The United States presidential election of 2020, scheduled for Tuesday, November 8, 2016, will be the 59th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. Voters will select presidential electors who in turn will elect a new president and vice president through the electoral college. 
==Background==
Organizers of the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact predict it will be in effect by the 2020 United States presidential election. The compact is an agreement among several U.S. states plus the District of Columbia to allocate their presidential electors to the winner of the national popular vote under certain conditions, with the intent of addressing shortcomings in the current Electoral College system.
==Democratic Party==
==Republican Party==
United States Senator Tom Cotton has been mentioned as a potential candidate for president in 2020. In 2015, legislation was introduced in Cotton's home state of Arkansas to permit officeholders to simultaneously seek multiple federal offices. Under current Arkansas law, Cotton would not be able to simultaneously run for president and for his seat in the U.S. Senate in 2020. According to the sponsor of the legislation, state senator Bart Hester, the proposal was introduced specifically to allow Cotton to seek the presidency. 
==Third Party, Independent, and Uncommitted Candidates==
During the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards, musician Kanye West announced his candidacy for President of the United States, without specifying a potential party affiliation. Following West's announcement, a Super PAC, "Ready for Kanye," was registered with the Federal Elections Commission. The group's registrant, Eugene Craig III, is chair of the Young Minority Republicans Fund.
==Predictions and opinion polling==
In August 2014 Chris Cillizza predicted the Democratic candidate in the 2020 election will win election, or reelection, based on an analysis of historic voting patterns.
==References==
7digital

7digital is a privately-held digital media delivery company based in the United Kingdom, offering downloadable music, video and movies to customers primarially within major European markets. They also provide branded digital solutions for their clients, including traditional media companies such as ITV & Channel Five, brands such as Pringles and Miller, and social networking sites Last.FM & Bebo. The company is also notable for it’s involvement with War Child, for whom they provide the technology behind Warchild Music.
==Corporate History==
The company was founded in January 2004 by Ben Drury and James Kane, who currently serve as Managing Director and Chief Technology Officer respectively. The company is financially backed by Balderton Capital, the European arm of venture capital firm Benchmark Capital who also provided initial financing for eBay.
On January 28, 2008 the company announced that it had agreed terms on a £4.25 million ($8.5 million) investment from various groups, including Sutton Place Managers and Balderton Capital. The investment will be used to launch www.7digital.com in more European countries and the United States along with expanding the sites offerings to include downloadable video & computer games.
==Services==
===7digital.com===
7digital.com is an online digital music store, one of the UK's first when launched in 2004. Consumers can purchase music, audiobooks, comedy shows and videos (including documentaries, independent films and music videos). As of January 2008 more than 3.5 million tracks are available, the majority without DRM restrictions.
The site has secured exclusive deals with major artists. Examples include:
* August 2007 - Became the first digital retailer to offer 24 albums by The Rolling Stones, spanning the period 1971-2005 without DRM restrictions.
* September 2007 - Became the first digital retailer to offer Pink Floyds entire back catalogue without DRM restrictions.
* September 2007 - Became the first digital retailer to offer Radioheads entire back catalogue. The band only wanted to offer complete albums and therefore tracks cannot be downloaded individually..
====Regional Versions====
7digital has launched regional versions of 7digital.com in Germany, Ireland, France & Spain, and intends to continue expanding into other European countries and the United States
===indiestore===
Launched in early 2006, indiestore lets unsigned artists and independent labels create their own digital music download store for free. There is also an enhanced paid version, allowing for more tracks, greater revenue sharing and other features. indiestore reports sales through these sites to chart compiling organisations in over 20 countries. In the United Kingdom this led to the first single by an unsigned artist (Koopa) appearing in the Top 40 through download sales alone. More than 95% percent of the singles chart eligible sales were made via indiestore or 7digital.com 
==References==
8chan

*8-chan aka Hachi-chan, the titular character (voiced by Hisako Kyōda) of 1981 anime series Robot 8-chan (aka Robotto Hachi-chan aka Dear Robot 8) which was the very first of the Toei Fushigi Comedy Series.10 July 2009 video of opening
*8chan.co the site of ∞chan (aka infinitechan) an imageboard created in 2013 as a spinoff of 4chan by Fredrick Brennan(aka "HotWheels") which was a focus of the media in the Gamergate controversy of 2014 relating to conflicts with Brianna WuHuffPost Live #GamerGate Editon (Guest: Brianna Wu, HotWheels, Erik Kain) released 14 October 2014
9

The nine is a logarithmic unit of availability of a system, defined as the negative of the base 10 logarithm of the unavailability.
For example, a system available 99 percent of the time has 0.01 (1 percent) unavailability, or -log10(0.01) = 2 nines.
Many computer and communications facilities strive toward five nines (99.999 percent) availability, which implies a total downtime of no longer than five minutes per year.
ACB

ACB is a three-letter abbreviation with multiple meanings, as described below:
* Adjusted Cost Base, an income tax term.
* As Cities Burn, Post-Hardcore band from Baton Rouge, LA.
* American Council of the Blind
* Asociación de Clubs de Baloncesto, the top professional basketball league in Spain.
* Acton Bridge railway station (National Rail code ACB)
* The Alameda Civic Ballet, a ballet comapny in Alameda, California, USA.
* Australian Cricket Board, the board of control for Cricket in Australia
* Air Circuit Breaker
AIMP

AIMP (Artem Izmailov Media Player) is a freeware Audio player for Windows written by Russian developer Artem Izmailov and now developed by the AIMP development team. AIMP FAQs. Retrieved September 24, 2011. AIMP was designed to be a lightweight and responsive audio player. AIMP had been based on the BASS audio library but since beta version 3.00 has its own audio engine.
== History ==
=== Version 1.5x-1.7x ===
Artem Izmailov released the first version of AIMP as the name of AIMP Classic on August 8, 2006.
 
=== Version 2.0x - 2.1x ===
=== Version 2.5x ===
=== Version 2.6x ===
=== Version 3.xx ===
*Own audio engine 
*Revamped music library
*Full support for ReplayGain
*Full support for translucent texture covers
== Features ==
*Supported audio formats
: .CDA, .AAC, .AC3, .APE, .DTS, .FLAC, .IT, .MIDI, .MO3, .MOD, .M4A, .M4B, .MP1, .MP2, .MP3, .MPC, .MTM, .OFR, .OGG, .RMI, .S3M, .SPX, .TAK, .TTA, .UMX, .WAV, .WMA, .WV, .XM
*Output support
:DirectSound / ASIO / WASAPI
*18-band equalizer and built-in sound effects
:Reverb, Flanger, Chorus, Pitch, Tempo, Echo, Speed, Bass, Enhancer, Voice Remover
*32-bit audio processing 
*Support for multiple playlists
:While one plays, you work with another
*Great functionality and user-friendly interface
*Creating bookmarks and playback queue
*CUE Sheets support
*Support for plugins
*LastFM Scrobbler
*Multiuser mode support
*Multilanguage interface
*Hotkeys
:Configure local and global hotkeys as you wish!
*File search
:Search for files on all open playlists
*Flexible program options
*Tag editor
*Audio library
:A music file organizer, 
*Internet radio
:Listen to and capture Internet radio to OGG / WAV / MP3 / AAC / AAC+ formats
*Online radio browser
: Icecast or custom radio stations.
*Alarm clock
*Auto shutdown 
:You can sleep while listening to your favorite music after setting the timer to shutdown the computer at given time.
== See also ==
* foobar2000
*Winamp
== References ==
== External links ==
* 
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AKS primality test

This article is under development by Optim.
Suggested titles: AKS primality test, AKS Primality Test, AKS algorithm, AKS, Agarwal Kayal Saxena algorithm, Agarwal Kayal Saxena primality test, Agarwal Kayal Saxena, Cyclotomic AKS test
----
The Agarwal Kayal Saxena algorithm, also called AKS algorithm, is a deterministic primality-proving algorithm discovered by three Indian scientists in August 2002. It determines whether a number is prime or composite and runs in polynomial time.
AKS has a key difference with all previous general primality-proving algorithms: It does not require any unproven hypothesis (such as RH) to be true in order to have provable polynomial time on all inputs.
==See also==
* Prime numbers
* Mathematics
==External links==
* Information from MathWorld.wolfram.com
* Primes in P, PDF
AMD64

AMD's x86-64 CPU architecture is their entry into the 64-bit microprocessor market. It represents a break with AMD's past behavior of following Intel's standards, but follows Intel's earlier behavior of extending the a single architecture, first from the 8-bit 8088 to the 16-bit 8086, then from 16-bits to the 32-bit 80386 and beyond, without ever removing backwards compatibility. The x86-64 architecture extends the 32-bit x86 architecture by adding 64-bit registers, with a full 32-bit and 16-bit compatibility modes for earlier software. 
This is in sharp distinction to Intel's competing Itanium architecture, which makes a complete break from Intel's x86 architecture.
There are now pre-release versions of both Linux and the Microsoft Windows operating systems available for x86-84, together with early test silicon.
ARM architecture

The Acorn RISC Machine (or ARM) is a RISC CPU design that is widely used in a number of low-power applications. In general it is considered to be a very "pure" RISC implementation, which tends to keep it small and inexpensive.
The ARM was started as a project at Acorn Ltd. after being refused access to the upcoming Intel 80286. The result was a RISC CPU of tiny size, the first production ARM2 had only 30,000 transistors (compare with the 68000's 68000).
The ARM processors consume very little power for what they can do. Architecturally, the instruction set is interesting because every instruction can be made conditional. This cuts down significantly on the space available for, for example, displacements in memory access instructions, but on the other hand it does make it possible to avoid branch instructions when generating code for small if statements. The standard example of this is Euclid's GCD algorithm:
 int
 gcd(int i, int j)
 {
 while (i != j) {
 if (i > j)
 i -= j;
 else
 j -= i;
 }
 return i;
 } 
Expressed in ARM assembly, the loop, with a little rotation, might look something like
 b test
 loop subgt Ri,Ri,Rj
 suble Rj,Rj,Ri
 test cmp Ri,Rj
 bne loop
which avoids the branches around the then and else clause that one would typically have to emit.
Another unique feature of the instruction set is the ability to fold shifts and rotates into the "data processing" (arithmetic, logical, and register-register move) instructions, so that, for example, the C statement "a += (j << 2);" could be rendered as a single instruction on the ARM, register allocation permitting. The ARM processor also has some features rarely seen on other architectures that are considered RISC, such as PC-relative addressing (indeed, on the ARM the PC is one of its 16 registers) and pre- and post-increment addressing modes.
Perhaps in part because of the conditional execution facility using up four bits of every instruction, recent ARM processors have a 16-bit instruction mode, called THUMB. This is intended to allow smaller code where possible.
Another item of note is that the ARM has been around for a while, with the instruction set increasing somewhat over time. Some ARM processors, for example, have no instruction to load a two-byte quantity, so that, strictly speaking, for them it's not possible to generate code that would behave the way one would expect for C objects of type "volatile short".
A Wild Hare

A Wild Hare is an animated short film directed by Tex Avery and released in 1940. Part of the Merrie Melodies series of cartoons, it is a key film in the development of the characters of Bugs Bunny and Elmer Fudd.
Various directors at the Warner Bros. cartoon studio had been experimenting with cartoons focussed on a hunter pursuing a rabbit since 1938, with varied approaches to the characters of both rabbit and hunter. (For more on the early development of the character, see Bugs Bunny). A Wild Hare is noteworthy as the first appearance of a rabbit that is a clearly recognisable as Bugs Bunny, as well as for settling on the classic voice and appearance of the hunter, Elmer Fudd. The design and character of Bugs Bunny would continue to be refined over the subsequent years, but the general appearance, voice, and personality of the character was established in this cartoon. The opening lines of both characters - "Be vewy, vewy quiet, I'm hunting wabbits" for Elmer, and "Eh, What's up Doc?" for Bugs - would become catchphrases throughout their subsequent films.
The basic plot of A Wild Hare, which centers on Elmer Fudd's hopeless pursuit of the much smarter Bugs, would serve as a template for many subsequent cartoons. In addition, many of the specific gags and plot devices in this cartoon became part of the template for later Bugs / Elmer confrontations, with subsequent shorts repeating them or varying them for comic effect. Examples include Elmer failing to recognise Bugs as a rabbit, Bugs kissing Elmer, and Bugs feigning death.
Rich Hawkins is credited with the story, Virgil Ross with the animation, Mel Blanc with the voice characterisations (although Arthur Q. Bryan voiced Elmer Fudd), and Carl Stalling with the musical score.
The short was nominated for an Academy AwardLink title for Best Short Subject (Cartoon) in 1940.
A Wizard of Earthsea

A Wizard of Earthsea is the first of a series of books written by Ursula K. Le Guin and set in her mythological fantasy archipelago of Earthsea. 
Plot Synopsis
In the novel, a young man, Sparrowhawk, comes of age on his home island of Gont. He is given his true, secret name (Ged) and also learns that he has the inborn aptitude to practice magic. 
Sparrowhawk travels to the school of wizardry on Roke Island, masters his craft easily, and, in his hubris, summons a spirit of darkness that scars him and leaves him for dead. 
After a painful and slow recovery, Sparrowhawk resolves to track down the foe he has released and destroy or banish it. The last part of the book details his quest and its outcome.
Analysis
Written as a coming of age story, the book was written with an eye for a young adult audience (and won The Boston Globe-Hornbook Award for juvenile fiction in 1968).
Being a story about a young wizard at a school of magic, the book is interesting as a precursor to the Harry Potter books. However, A Wizard of Earthsea is serious high fantasy, not the tongue-in-cheek, punning low fantasy of Harry Potter.
Aasimar

An aasimar is a creature in the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game. Aasimar are "planetouched"; that is, they are mortal creatures that have in their blood some otherworldly characteristics. Aasimar are descended from devas, angels and other creatures of pure good alignment; although their celestial ancestor may be many generations removed, their presence still lingers. In the Planescape campaign setting, aasimar are a race available to player characters, though they are often viewed with contempt or fear by creatures not of good alignment. The evil-alignment-derived counterparts to aasimar are called tieflings.
Achievement (video gaming)

An achievement in video gaming parlance, also sometimes known as a trophy or challenge, is a meta-goal defined outside of a game's parameters. Unlike the systems of quests or levels that usually define the goals of a computer or video game and have a direct effect on further gameplay in the form of unlocking other quests or special features, the management of achievements usually takes place outside the confines of the gaming concept.
===Purpose and motivation===
Achievements are included within games to extend the title's longevity and provide players with the impetus to achieve more than simply complete the game and find all of its secrets. They are effectively arbitrary challenges laid out by the developer to be met by the player. These achievements may coincide with the inherent goals of the game itself, such as completing a level, with secondary goals such as finding secret power-ups or levels, or may also be independent of the game's primary or secondary goals, such as playing a certain number of times, viewing a video, beating a certain number of online opponents or completing a level in a certain amount of time.
Unlike secrets, which traditionally provided some kind of direct benefit to the player in the form of easier gameplay (such as the warp pipe in Super Mario Bros.) or additional gameplay features (such as hidden weapons or levels in first-person shooters like Doom), the narrative-independent nature of achievements allows them to be fulfilled without needing to provide the player with any benefit or additional feature. The motivation for the player to gain achievements lies in maximising their own general cross-title score (known as Gamerscore on XBox Live and Trophy Level on PSN) and obtaining recognition for their performance due to the publication of their achievement/trophy profiles.
===Implementations===
Although individual games on various platforms had implemented systems of achievements, the original implementation of the achievements system as popularized is widely considered to be Microsoft's XBox 360 Gamerscore system, introduced in 2005. Microsoft extended Gamerscore support to the Games for Windows scheme in 2007 by including support for achievements in Halo 2. In 2008, Sony Computer Entertainment and Valve Software followed suit by offering PSN trophies for the PlayStation 3 and Steam Achievements for the PC respectively. To date, Nintendo has not developed any kind of achievements system for the Wii or Nintendo DS. There is also no trophy support for the PlayStation Portable, even though the device does have PSN connection capability.
A number of mainly Windows-based games, such as TAGAP: The Apocalyptic Game About Penguins and World of Warcraft implement their own system of achievements, which may or may not be publicized on the internet.
===See also===
* XBox Live
* PlayStation Network
* Steam
Adnkronos

Adnkronos is an important press agencies in Italy.
Founded in 1963 with the merging of Kronos (born in 1951) and of Agenzia Di Notizie (born in 1959), nowadays is owned by Giuseppe Marra Communications.
In 2003 launch its International office, with news in Arabic and English.
Publish also the italian edition of World Almanac called “Il libro dei fatti”.
== External links ==
* http://www.adnkronos.com/AKI/English/ 
* http://www.adnkronos.com/AKI/Italiano/ 
* http://www.adnkronos.com/AKI/Arabic/ 
Category:1963 establishments
Category:News agencies based in Italy
Category:Italian media
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