nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Confirmation.com

Confirmation.com is a web-based audit confirmation service. It is a Preferred Provider for the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) and is endorsed by the American Bankers Association (ABA). It provides accounts payable and accounts receivable confirmations, and more than 30 types of bank confirmations. 
Confirmation.com helped to expose the multi-year $215 million fraud perpetrated by Russell Wasendorf Sr., the owner of PFGBest and Peregrine Financial Group. PFGBest received a regulatory mandate to use the confirmation service rather than rely on paper confirmations, and 24 hours later the fraud was discovered. 
== John Lothian News Interviews ==
Confirmations: Plugging Into Electronic Confirmations
Capital Confirmation, which runs Confirmation.com, is credited with helping to unveil the massive $215 million fraud at Peregrine Financial Group (PFG) in July 2012. The web-based audit confirmation service was hired by the National Futures Association (NFA) last year and applied its technology to PFG. After forcing PFG to use the electronic confirmation service, rather than use the traditional paper-based auditing system, PFG’s fraud was discovered by the NFA.
Brian Fox, founder and chief marketing officer of Capital Confirmation, explains how this straightforward technology of providing a third party confirmation service, can help protect customer funds and restore customer faith in the audit system used in the futures industry. Published Feb. 19, 2013.
Brian Fox of Confirmation.com Talks About Exposing & Preventing Brokerage Fraud
Brian Fox, founder and chief marketing officer of Confirmation.com, found his firm in the midst of one of the largest frauds in futures history several months ago. Hired by the National Futures Association to electronically confirm customer account balances that futures brokers report with the actual balances held at their banks, Confirmation.com helped expose the PFGBest fraud. Brian Fox spoke with John Lothian News editor-in-chief Jim Kharouf about the case, how the confirmation system works and just how far electronic confirmations in the futures brokerage space can go to prevent fraud. Published September 28, 2012. 
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
*Chris Schellhorn, CEO
*Brian Fox, founder and chief marketing officer
== References ==
Category:Confirmation.com
Category:Auditors
Conflux

Conflux is a blockchain protocol that uses the proof of work model. It is being developed by the Conflux Foundation, a nonprofit dedicated to the development of the conflux protocol.
== Overview ==
Conflux is planned to eventually serve as a dApp platform designed to function similarly to bitcoin and Ethereum, but with a few differences. First of all, although Conflux uses bitcoin's proof of work consensus algorithm, according to Dr. Fan Long, the Conflux blockchain is designed to allow multiple blocks to be made concurrently, while organizing them in such a way that the multiple blocks do not create forks in the blockchain. By building it this way, the Conflux Foundation hopes to develop a more scalable blockchain. Second, in addition to designing Conflux to be a totally decentralized platform, the team developing Conflux also plans to include the ability to create smart contracts on the platform, like Ethereum.
== Background ==
Conflux is being developed by a team of computer scientists that includes Turing Award winner Dr. Andrew Chi-Chih Yao, University of Toronto assistant professor Fan Long, and Ming Wu, former senior researcher of Microsoft Research Asia. The protocol is based off of an academic paper published in May 2018 by several people, including Conflux co-founders Dr. Andrew Yao and Dr. Fan Long. The Conflux Foundation has raised $35 million from venture capital firms like Sequoia China and Baidu Ventures, as well as the cryptocurrency exchange Huobi and other companies.
== Key People ==
*Dr. Andrew Chi-Chih Yao - Co-Founder, Chief Scientist 
*Dr. Fan Long - Co-Founder 
*Ming Wu - Co-Founder, CTO
*Matt Chow - Co-Founder
*Wei Xu - Co-Founder
*YuanJie Zhang - Co-Founder
== References ==
Category: cryptocurrency
Category: blockchain
Category: regulation
Category: trading
Category: CryptoMarketsWiki
Congressional Budget Office

The Congressional Budget Office assists the House and Senate Budget Committees, and Congress more generally, by preparing reports and analysis. CBO currently employs about 230 people, and is composed primarily of economists and public policy analysts. About 70% of its professional staff hold advanced degrees in economics or public policy.
Under the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, the annual Congressional budget process begins with adopting a concurrent resolution on the budget that sets forth total levels of spending and revenues, and broad spending priorities, for several fiscal years. As a concurrent resolution, it is approved by the House and Senate but does not become law. No funds are spent or revenues raised under the budget resolution. It serves as an enforceable blueprint for Congressional action on spending and revenue legislation.
In late January of each year, CBO reports on the economic and budget outlook, including estimates of spending and revenue levels for the next 10 years under current law.
== History ==
CBO was founded on July 12, 1974, with the enactment of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act. The agency began operating on Feb. 24, 1975, with the appointment of Alice M. Rivlin as the first director.
Doug Elmendorf is CBO’s current director. He was appointed on January 22, 2009, to complete the previous four-year term of office and later reappointed to serve through January 3, 2015. He succeeded Peter Orszag. 
== Resources ==
CBO provides up-to-date data on current budget and economic projections and information on the status of discretionary appropriations on its web site: Congressional Budget Officel
==References==
Category:U.S. Government
Congressional Budget Office Panel of Economic Advisors

Composed of previous directors of the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) and eminent economists who serve two-year terms, the Congressional Budget Office Panel of Economic Advisors meets twice a year and reviews and comments on CBO's preliminary forecasts of the economy. It also provides advice to further the reliability, professional quality, and transparency of the CBO's work. The agency also has a panel of health advisers. 
== References ==
Category:U.S. Congress
Connamara Technologies

Connamara Technologies is the company behind EP3, the advanced exchange platform and order matching engine conceived and incubated at Connamara Systems. The company provides EP3 implementation and support services to its clients.
== History ==
Connamara Technologies was born from Connamara Systems and is a separate company designed to sell the EP3 Matching Engine. 
The company's co-founder, Jim Downs, began his career in capital markets as an independent options market-maker on the Chicago Board Options Exchange and a futures trader on the Chicago Board of Trade.
== Services ==
Connamara Technologies offers customization and 24/7 support services to its clients.
== References ==
Connecticut Hedge Fund Association

The Connecticut Hedge Fund Association (CTHFA) is a not for profit educational association for Connecticut’s growing absolute return investment management industry.
Connecticut is home to many of the world's largest hedge fund and alternative investment management firms. In a recent Institutional Investor survey, Connecticut was listed as the home of 17 of the world's top 100 hedge funds. Connecticut also has about 1/3 of the global hedge fund assets under management.
CTHFA's primary mission is to promote better understanding between hedge fund managers and institutional investors; its board is made up of representatives from the major constituency groups within those categories.
== History ==
CTHFA came out of a networking group of Connecticut based alumni from one of the most well-known investment banks. 
== Products and Services ==
== Membership ==
The CTHFA represents over 150 member firms. Its membership is open to all stakeholders in the alternative investment business.
== Key People ==
== References ==
Category:Industry Associations
Category:Hedge Funds
Category:Alternative Investments
Connectivity

Connectivity refers to the ability to make, maintain and transport packets of data between two points. Consistent and reliable connectivity is essential in an electronic trading environment. 
In general, a trading system's effectiveness is defined by its connectivity and its latency, or the time delay of data transmission between two points. Latency and connectivity have become increasingly important in a high-frequency trading environment. 
Exchanges offer two types of connectivity:
*Indirect connectivity in which a customer's broker, futures commission merchant (FCM), clearing firm sends trades to the exchange platform. 
*Direct connectivity means that the customer has a line directly to the exchange platform. 
 
== References ==
Category:Definitions
Conrad Leslie

__NOTOC__ 
The late R. Conrad Leslie was a well-known and highly regarded financial and agri-business professional for over 50 years. He spent the last decade of his career at ADM Investor Services. For many years he wrote a popular pre-market opening letter sharing his insights on the markets. 
He died on December 25th, 2018 at the age of 95. 
== Background ==
Leslie was a member of the Chicago Board of Trade for over 40 years. He was affiliated with five NYSE member firms. He was internationally recognized in the agri-business world and his monthly crop estimate report of American corn, soy beans and wheat production during the growing season was greatly anticipated in the business community. 
He provided assistance to the Nixon White House with Russian wheat sales, and his numerous writings and calls on Congress helped pass the 1975 bill that allowed Americans to own gold.
He also wrote three books, including Conrad Leslie's Guide for Successful Speculation, Stocks, Commodities, Gold.
Originally from Xenia, Ohio, Leslie served as a B-24 pilot in the European theater during WWII. He flew 35 missions and was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross and Air Medal with Three Clusters.
== Education ==
He graduated from Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, where he was a member of the Beta Theta Pi fraternity.
== References ==
Conrad Voldstad

__NOTOC__ 
Conrad Voldstad is a special advisor to the board for the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. (ISDA). He was named to the position effective Jan. 1, 2012.
== Background ==
Conrad Voldstad was appointed chief executive of the International Swaps and Derivatives Association in November of 2009. He succeeded Robert Pickel in the office. He served in that position until the end of 2011.
Volstad was previously a hedge fund manager at Merrill Lynch.
Voldstad has been in the derivatives industry since the early 1980s, when he executed his first interest-rate swap (in 1983). He was the first head of the derivatives group at J.P. Morgan in 1984 and then held several positions at Merrill Lynch, including founding Merrill Lynch Derivative Products, an entity that developed credit derivative products. 
He was also part of the team that helped unwind more than $1 trillion worth of Long Term Capital Management's derivatives contracts after the fixed income hedge fund blew up in 1998.
== Education ==
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:ISDA
Consolidated Edison Co

Consolidated Edison, Inc. is one of the largest investor-owned energy companies in the United States. The company provides a wide range of energy-related products and services to its customers through the following subsidiaries: Consolidated Edison Company of New York, Inc., a regulated utility providing electric, gas, and steam service in New York City and Westchester County, New York; Orange and Rockland Utilities, Inc., a regulated utility serving customers in a 1,350-square-mile (3,500 km²) area in southeastern New York and adjacent sections of northern New Jersey and northeastern Pennsylvania; Con Edison Solutions, a retail energy supply and services company; Con Edison Energy, a wholesale energy supply company; and Con Edison Development, a company that owns and operates generating plants and participates in other infrastructure projects .
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
== References ==
Category:Energy Companies
Consolidated Tape Association

The Consolidated Tape Association (CTA) is the policy making and administrative body that oversees the collection, processing and distribution of exchange-listed market data. It is made up of a voting member from each of the following market centers: American Stock Exchange, Boston Stock Exchange, Chicago Stock Exchange, National Stock Exchange, New York Stock Exchange, NYSE Arca, Philadelphia Stock Exchange, Chicago Board Options Exchange and the National Association of Securities Dealers. 
The association developed the consolidated tape under a formal "CTA Plan" filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). CTA is an independent, industry-wide organization. 
The CTA/CQ Plans are administered by the participant exchanges, which determine policy matters and oversee system operations. The CTA/CQ Plans are filed with and approved by the Securities and Exchange Commission in accordance with Section 11A of the federal securities laws.
The Consolidated Tape consists of two networks: Tape A/Network A contains market data from New York Stock Exchange-listed securities from all market centers trading such securities; Tape B/Network B contains market data from all other exchange-listed securities including securities listed on the American Stock Exchange, NYSE Arca, and regional stock exchanges. Such data include trading activity from all market centers trading such securities.
== References ==
Category:Data
Consolidation

Consolidation has two meanings in the financial world. 
1. The merger or union of two or more separate companies or other entities.
2. In technical analysis, the movement of an asset's price within a defined pattern or barrier of trading levels. Consolidation is generally regarded as a period of indecision, which ends when the price of the asset breaks beyond the restrictive barriers. Periods of consolidation can be found in charts covering any time interval (i.e. hours, days, etc.), and these periods can last for minutes, days, months or even years. Lengthy periods of consolidation are often known as a base.
== References ==
Category:Shares
Category:Stocks
Constance Hunter

__NOTOC__ 
Constance Hunter is chief economist in the alternative investment division of KPMG, a multinational audit, tax and advisory firm. She was named to the position in June 2013. In this role, she is responsible for economic forecasting, planning and strategy, and client relationship development. 
 
== Background ==
Hunter joined KPMG from AXA Investment Managers, where she served as deputy chief investment officer of fixed income. Before AXA, she held chief economist roles at Aladdin Capital Management LLC, and Galtere Ltd.
She sits on the board of the National Association of Business Economics.
==John Lothian News Interview==
KPMG’s Constance Hunter Says the Fed is True to Its Word on QE
When Constance Hunter looks at the Federal Reserve Bank and US economy, she sees some positive and negatives like all economists do. She also says the Fed didn’t fool markets when it didn’t change its quantitative easing in September. Actually, she argues that the Fed was doing just what they said they would do. Hunter, who joined audit, tax and advisory firm KPMG as its chief economist, Alternative Investments in June, says that the markets misread Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke’s comments about tapering its quantitative easing program in September. In an interview with John Lothian News editor-in-chief Jim Kharouf, Hunter says the Fed has been quite direct with the bond market about its strategy, direction and potential moves over the past several months. That may strike some in the market as odd, because many in the bond market were surprised to see the Fed hold its line again in September on QE, and maintain the policy again. Here’s Hunter’s view on where the Fed is coming from on the issue of QE.
== Education ==
Hunter received a Bachelor of Arts from New York University and a Masters of International Affairs from Columbia University.
== References ==
Constellation Energy

Constellation Energy supplies electricity to large commercial and industrial customers as a wholesale power seller. Constellation Energy also manages fuels and energy services on behalf of energy intensive industries and utilities. It owns 78 generating units located throughout the United States, totaling approximately 8,700 megawatts of generating capacity. The company delivers electricity and natural gas through the Baltimore Gas and Electric Company (BGE), its regulated utility in Central Maryland.
== History ==
Constellation Energy was founded in 1816 as Baltimore Gas and Electric. In 2012 Constellation Energy merged with Exelon. 
== Products and Services ==
===Electricity===
*Fixed Price and Index Price
*MVPe
*Information to Implementation
*Flexible Index Solutions
*VirtuWatt®
===Natural Gas===
*Managed Portfolio Services
*Minimize Volatile Pricing (MVP)
*Managed Procurement Program
*Natural Gas Choice Program
===Sustainable Solutions===
*On-Site Solar Generation
*Renewable Energy Certificates
===Market Load Response===
*Capacity / Demand Response Programs
*Ancillary Services
*Economic Programs
===Constellation Load Response===
*Constellation Peak Response
*Constellation Price Response
*Constellation Rate Response
== Key People ==
*Joseph Nigro, CEO
*Paul R. Bonney, Senior Vice President
*David Ellsworth, COO
== References ==
Consumer Price Index

The U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the increase in price for a range of goods and services across the country and is the most commonly-quoted measure of the U.S. inflation rate.
==Measurement==
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) compiles the CPI by recording price changes in 87 urban areas and 23,000 retail and services establishments across the U.S. and quotes the index in both annual and monthly figures.The BLS separates the CPI into All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), covering 87 percent of the population, and Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), covering 32 percent. 
==Trading==
The introduction of inflation-indexed Treasury bonds (TIPS) by the U.S. Federal Reserve in 1997 created a market for hedging inflation risk and led to the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) launching futures contracts on the CPI. The contract is structured to resemble 3-month Eurodollar futures and priced based on the IMM Index.
The cash-settled contract's trade unit is valued at $2,500 times the Reference CPI Futures Index with a tick size of $12.50. and lists quarterly in March, June, September and December. They can be traded by, among others, TIPS holders hedging short-term inflation risk and Eurodollar futures holders hedging longer-term risk. 
== History ==
The 2007 U.S. CPI was 4.1 percent for the whole year compared to the seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR) for the first three months of 2008 of 3.1 percent. In 2010, the CPI increased 1.2 percent before seasonal adjustment. 
In November 2010, it was reported that the CPI rose by only .6 per cent from a year ago. This number excluded volatile food and energy prices. It was the lowest rate of inflation since the series began in 1957. 
== References ==
Category:Indexes
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Contango

Contango is a futures market term that describes a normal market condition of expected rising prices in succeeding months. In a market that is in contango, prices are progressively higher for each listed futures month of a contract. Contango is the opposite of backwardation. 
In theory contango market conditions represent an increase in price from today's spot price plus the potential arbitrageur's cost of storage and the time-value of money.
== Other Meanings and Etymology ==
Originally, contango was defined as a fee paid by a stock buyer to the seller in order to postpone the delivery of the stock to a future date. The etymology of the word is not clear, but is assumed to be a corruption or mis-pronunciation of the word "continue".
== Also See ==
Futures glossary
== References ==
Category:Definitions
Category:Market Terms
Contango Markets Ltd.

__NOTOC__
Contango Markets is a specialist derivatives consultancy founded in 1999 by Clive Furness. The company provides clients in the global derivatives marketplace with the knowledge to enter areas of the derivatives markets that they are not currently in or wish to expand into. Clients include exchanges, technology companies, banks, trading associations, corporations and brokers. 
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
In March of 2013, Contango Markets announced it was launching a new unit, 'Contango Operations', to help address many pre- and post-trade issues affecting market participants as a result of regulatory changes in the financial markets. 
== Key People ==
*Clive Furness, Managing Director
*David Setters, Senior Associate and Head of Business Development
== References ==
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Context Analytics

Context Analytics Inc. (formerly Social Market Analytics, Inc.) is a Chicago-based market analytics company that analyzes Twitter data for trading sentiment. The firm, founded in 2012 by Joe Gits, Jeff Blaschak and Kurt Myers, offers social media "quantification and analysis" for both individual and institutional investors such as banks, hedge funds and brokerages.
== History ==
In 2014, SMA entered a partnership with StockTwits to provide active day traders with producing signals based on the announced intentions of highly active traders in the StockTwits community.
Also in 2014, the start-up raised over $750,000 to continue building out its platform.
In August of 2016, Chicago Board Options Exchange launched the CBOE-SMA Large Cap Index (SMLC Index), the first of a series of sentiment-based strategy benchmark indexes that measure short-term market momentum based on Social Market Analytics’ social media metrics. The two companies had entered into an exclusive licensing agreement for the indexes in June of 2016. The SMLC Index is designed to track the performance of a hypothetical strategy that on a daily basis buys an equally weighted portfolio of 25 stocks with high SMA S-Scores. S-Scores, extracted from Twitter traffic by SMA algorithms, reflect investors’ sentiment about stocks.
== Products and Services ==
Social Market Analytics produces a family of metrics, called S-Factors, designed to capture the signature of financial market sentiment. SMA applies these metrics to data captured from social media sources to estimate sentiment for indices, sectors, and individual securities.
== Key People ==
*Joe Gits, CEO and co-founder
*Jeff Blaschak, CDO and co-founder
*Kurt Myers, CTO and co-founder
*Kevin Close, director of business development
*Kim Gits, CFO
== References ==