nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Coin Center

Coin Center is a non-profit research and advocacy organization for cryptocurrency, blockchain technology, and DeFi. It publishes policy research and academic papers about digital asset and DeFi technology, such as "The Case for Electronic Cash" by the organization's Executive Director, Jerry Brito. It also advocates for legislation that, in its words, "preserves the freedom to innovate using permissionless blockchain technologies." 
Coin Center's board of directors includes various entrepreneurs, tech experts, academics, and executives from the cryptocurrency space, as does its advisory board, which also includes legal experts such as Jason Weinstein, a partner at Steptoe & Johnson LLP. Its fellows include Elizabeth Stark, the chief executive officer and co-founder of the Lightning Network.
The cryptocurrency trading platform Kraken made a $1 million donation to Coin Center in 2018, offering to match donations to Coin Center up to $1 million. Coin Center was able to raise $3 million in 2018 because of this. Beginning in December 2020 and through early 2021, a number of high-profile figures and companies once again began donating to Coin Center. The organization began crowdsourcing donations online in December, later receiving boosts from digital asset trust fund manager Grayscale Investments, which announced a campaign to match donations to the non-profit up to $1 million through the end of February 2021, citing Kraken's donations in 2018. Later, Coin Center received a $1 million donation from Twitter founder Jack Dorsey - who publicly commended Coin Center's Executive Director Jerry Brito for the organization's "incredible work" - as well as Kraken.
== Key People ==
*Jerry Brito, Executive Director 
*Robin Weisman, Senior Policy Counsel 
*Peter Van Valkenburgh, Research Director 
*Antonie Hodge, Operations Director 
*Neeraj Agrawal, Communications Director
* Elizabeth Stark, Fellow
== References ==
Category: cryptocurrency
Category: CryptoMarketsWiki
Category: fintech
Coinbit

Coinbit launched as a cryptocurrency exchange on May 11, 2018, reportedly with 50 cryptocurrencies listed. 
Among the cryptocurrencies listed for trading on Coinbit is DEX. DEX is issued by Coinbit's Mining Exchange, "which puts top priority on sustainability and transparency, in order to recognize the problems of the current Mining Exchange." 
According to CoinMarketCap, at the end of October 2018 Coinbit was ranked fifth by the U.S. dollar value of its volume traded daily. CoinMarketCap reported that total volume included 20 cryptocurrencies actively traded against the Korean won.
In August 2020, the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency raided Coinbit's offices for allegedly inflating "99 percent" of its volumes using "ghost accounts." Trading and other operations were immediately halted. 
==References==
Category: exchange
Category: digital assets
Category: fiat
Category: cryptocurrency
Category: criminal activity
Category: CryptoMarketsWiki
Coinfirm

Coinfirm is a British regtech firm specializing in blockchain technology.
== Overview ==
Coinfirm's platform uses computer algorithms and data provided by big data firms to automate anti-money laundering, counterterrorism financing (AML/CTF), and other compliance tasks for fintech firms, especially those using blockchain or digital asset technology. The firm's mission statement says that it wants to help bring greater transparency to the blockchain space. Part of the way it accomplishes this is through the use of its own digital token, AMLT, which is used to rate good and bad actors in the global digital economy based on data provided by an open network of users, which is structured similarly to Messari's token-curated registry.
=== Partnership with Ripple ===
In June 2019, Ripple announced that the company had signed a deal with Coinfirm in order to provide AML information about its users. Among the information Coinfirm would provide was details about a quantity of XRP being traded had, at some point, been processed by a "mixer" - an online service designed to launder cryptocurrency by privately exchanging funds from multiple counterparties - or whether the cryptocurrency had come from a known theft or hacking attack. This would potentially make XRP compliant with AML guidelines of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF).
=== ReclaimCrypto ===
In October 2019, Coinfirm announced that they had begun a joint initiative with global investigations firm Kroll called ReclaimCrypto, to help victims of cryptocurrency-related hacking attacks or Ponzi schemes reclaim their stolen funds. According to Coinfirm's CEO Pawel Kuskowski, the initiative will charge clients success fees on a case-by-case basis.
== Key People ==
*Pawel Kuskowski - CEO 
*Pawel Aleksander - Co-Founder and CIO 
*Jakub Fijolek - Co-Founder and CTO 
*Grant Blaisdell - Co-Founder and CMO
== References ==
Category: Trading
Category: Distributed ledgers
Category: fintech
Category: regulation
Category: regtech
Category: cryptocurrency
Category: CryptoMarketsWiki
Coinifide

Coinifide is a start-up which started out planning to launch a P2P (peer-to-peer) decentralized cryptocurrency exchange and digital asset management platform but transitioned to an educational platform after learning that "very few people actually understood how to transact with cryptocurrencies or were knowledgeable about blockchain technology and its applications." 
 
Coinifide won second place in the Barchart STX18 Fintech competition held in Chicago on April 25, 2018. STX stands for start up exchange. 
== References ==
Category: fintech
Category: digital assets
Category: exchanges
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Coinigy

Founded in 2014, Coinigy started out as a cryptocurrency data service that provided real-time price charts, news and technical indicators for subscribers. In 2016, Coinigy raised $400,000 to enhance the platform's trading capabilities to what business development director Derek Urben termed the "2.0" version.
By the end of 2017 when bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies were heading toward their all time high prices, Coinigy provided an integrated data and trading service for cryptocurrency traders. Offering both desk top and mobile access, Coinigy had about 80,000 users on the platform at that time.
==References==
Category: CryptoMarketsWiki
Coinmint

Coinmint mines bitcoin and provides bitcoin and other cryptocurrency mining infrastructure and services to third parties at a disused aluminum smelting plant in Massena, New York. The massive facility provides not only structural and technical support for mining but also offers access to very cheap electrical power generated on the nearby St. Lawrence River. 
The Massena operation became popular after nearby Plattsburgh, where Coinmint still maintains a smaller data center, increasingly erected regulatory barriers to bitcoin miners who were attracted to the city's inexpensive power.
With 435 megawatts of electrical capacity, the company says that its Massena, New York, facility is the largest bitcoin mining operation in the world. It further claims that 90 percent of its energy use comes from renewable sources, hydroelectric power from nearby dams on the St. Lawrence River, 
In the run-up to the May 2020 bitcoin halving, the company's former CTO and president, Prieur Leary, sued to dissolve the company. Leary had co-founded Coinmint with his childhood friend, Ashton Soniat in 2016. According to Leary's suit, Soniat had unilaterally chosen to move the company's headquarters to San Juan, Puerto Rico, and had otherwise ignored Leary in decision making. According to an interview Leary gave to CoinDesk, he wanted the company to bring in outside investors to help fund the expansion.
== Key People ==
* Ashton Soniat, CEO and Co-Founder 
* Norbert Guiol, COO
* Michael Maloney, CFO
* Prieur Leary, Co-Founder
== References ==
Category: CryptoMarketsWiki
Colagrossi Futures

The firm specializes in futures clearing and execution solutions in the commodity futures space.
In June of 2010, Penson Worldwide, Inc. announced that its futures clearing subsidiary, Penson GHCO, had established a 24-hour, global execution desk for assisting managed futures executions, including bulk order placement and allocations. Penson said that through a business relationship, Colagrossi Futures would make immediate use of the desk.
 
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
== References ==
Category:Futures Brokers
Category:Futures
Category:Brokers
Colin Ashburn

__NOTOC__ 
Colin Ashburn is a Chicago-based technology executive who is a solutions developer for Avanade. 
He previously served as a technology and video intern for John Lothian News and John Lothian Productions, both divisions of John J. Lothian & Company, Inc. He has been in the information technology sector for over five years, and is certified as a CompTIA A+ Computer Technician.
== Background ==
Ashburn has worked as an IT intern at Lyons Township High School for several years, and also spent four years as a technology volunteer at the La Grange Public Library.
He has also produced and uploaded numerous music videos to his YouTube channel.
== Education ==
Ashburn graduated from Purdue University with a Bachelor of Science (BS) in computer science.
== References ==	
Category:John Lothian News
Category:John J. Lothian & Company, Inc.
Category:John Lothian Productions
Colin Griffith

Colin Griffith is a director of the Dubai Gold & Commodities Exchange (DGCX), and was formerly chairman and CEO of the organization after joining its parent - the Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC) - where he remains an executive director.
Griffith has more than 35 years of experience in the precious metals sector, starting in 1970 as a trader for HP Thompson on the London Metal Exchange, and holding positions at Mocatta, Credit Suisse and Standard Bank.
He joined the DMCC in 2003 as director for gold, and was appointed as chairman of the DGCX in January 2005, before relinquishing that role and becoming acting CEO in mid-2007. Malcom Wall Morris was appointed CEO in November of 2007.
== References ==
category:Exchange CEOs
category:Dubai
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:DGCX
Category:DGCX
Colin Heffron

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Colin Heffron is the president and CEO of inter-dealer broker GFI Group Inc. He is responsible for all of GFI Group's brokerage, data and analytics businesses.
Heffron has been president of GFI since 2004. On February 14, 2013 he was named the successor to company founder and long-standing CEO Mickey Gooch. After the transition, Gooch stayed on as executive chairman, where he will remain active in setting the strategic direction of the business.
 
== Background ==
Heffron joined GFI Group Inc. in their New York office in 1988 as a broker of foreign currency options. Later, he moved to London to assist in the establishment of GFI Group Inc.'s London office. From 1998 until February 2004, he was head of all operations in Europe and joint-head of Asian operations. In 2004, he returned to New York to assume the role of company president.
Heffron also co-chairs the Board of Directors of the Bob Woodruff Foundation, a charity devoted to injured American service members, veterans and their families.
== Education ==
Mr. Heffron holds a bachelor's degree in Government from St. Lawrence University in New York.
== Video ==
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== References ==
Category:GFI Group
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Colin Lambert

__NOTOC__
Colin Lambert is a Sydney, Australia-based journalist who is the 2021 co-founder and publisher of The Full FX.
Previously, he was the editor at P&L Services, Ltd., publisher of monthly FX magazine Profit & Loss, and host of numerous conferences covering the foreign exchange market, including Profit & Loss Forex Network Chicago, which is held in late September of each year. P&L closed in 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic.
== Background ==
After a 21-year career as a foreign exchange trader, during which time he worked for several institutions, including British Petroleum, Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, Generale Bank, British Commonwealth & Merchant Bank and County Natwest, 
Lambert switched his focus to journalism. From 1998-2001, he was senior currency analyst and head of CurrencyWatch, a foreign exchange news service.
In 2001, Lambert joined P&L, with the intention of growing the FX side of the business. He now works as editor of P&L's monthly magazine, Profit&Loss and its weekly Squawk Box newsletter, and acts as moderator and host at the company's conferences and workshops.
== John Lothian News Interviews ==
*Five Minutes with Colin Lambert, Editor, Profit & Loss - September 2012
== References ==	
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Category:Journalists
Category:BP - Former Employees
Category:Profit & Loss - Former Employees
Category:Profit & Loss Magazine
Collar Rule

The Collar Rule, under NYSE Rule 80A, requires that if the DJIA moves up or down two percent from the previous closing value, program trading orders to buy or sell the Standard & Poor’s 500 stocks as part of index arbitrage strategies must be entered with directions to have the orders executed in a manner that stabilizes share prices. The collar restrictions are lifted if the DJIA returns to or within one percent of its previous closing value.
The 2% collar rule threshold is set by the NYSE at a point level that is calculated at the beginning of each quarter. For example, on April 1, 2007, the average value for the DJIA for the preceding month (March 2007) was used to calculate a point level (rounded to the nearest 10 points). This resulted in the 2% collar rule threshold being set at 180 points.
== References ==
Category:NYSE Rules
Collateralized debt obligations

Collateralized Debt Obligations, also called CDOs, are complex financial tools that repackage individual loans into a product that can be sold on the secondary market. These packages consist of auto loans, credit card debt, or corporate debt. They are called collateralized because they have some type of collateral behind them.
Types of CDOs include asset-backed commercial paper, which consists of corporate debt, and mortgage-backed securities, which contain mortgages. 
CDOs allow banks and corporations to package and sell off their debt, freeing up capital to invest or lend. However, they shift loans away from the originators and onto other investors, allowing the originators to avoid having to collect on the loans. They are often so complicated that buyers can't be sure what is in the package they are buying. And since CDO managers can change the contents of a CDO after it’s sold, investors may not know how much subprime risk they face.
Synthetic CDOs are backed by credit default swaps rather than actual loans or bonds themselves.
Markets watchers were given a crash course in CDOs after headlines about Goldman, Sachs & Co. being sued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) hit the wires in 2010. On Apr. 16 of 2010, the SEC charged Goldman, Sachs & Co. and one of its vice presidents for defrauding investors by misstating and omitting key facts about a financial product tied to subprime mortgages as the U.S. housing market was beginning to falter.
In this case, the CDO transactions were a bet on the value of a bundle of mortgages that the investors didn’t own. 
ALSO SEE: Collateralized mortgage obligation
== References ==
Category: Definitions
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Collateralized mortgage obligation

A collateralized mortgage obligation is a type of mortgage-backed security that creates separate pools of pass-through rates for different classes of bondholders with varying maturities, called tranches. The repayments from the pool of pass-through securities are used to retire the bonds in the order specified by the bonds' prospectus.
How a simple CMO works: The investors in the CMO are divided up into three classes, called either class A, B or C investors. Each class differs in the order they receive principal payments, but receives interest payments as long as it is not completely paid off. Class A investors are paid out first with prepayments and repayments until they are paid off. Then class B investors are paid off, followed by class C investors. In this situation, class A investors bear most of the prepayment risk, while class C investors bear the least.
== References ==
Category:OTC Derivatives
Colleen Sullivan

__NOTOC__ 
Colleen Sullivan is an American entrepreneur, lawyer and fintech executive. She was hired by the hedge fund Brevan Howard in September 2021 to lead the firm's private and venture investments in crypto. She will also chair the investment committee of a new strategy focused on crypto technology.
== Background ==
Colleen Sullivan is a co-founder, partner and CEO of CMT Digital, which focuses on digital markets, assets, and ancillary technologies in the blockchain space. She started there in 2017. 
Sullivan is on the advisory board of Bloq. She is also the co-founder and managing member of Sullivan Wolf Kailus LLC, an alternative investments law firm in Chicago, and co-chair of the FinTEx Chicago Legal and Regulatory Committee.
She co-founded a company called iOptions Group, which advised individuals with employee stock options how to hedge them with listed options. Sullivan is the co-author of a USPTO-issued patent with respect to the iOptions hedging and monetization strategies.
She also served as a managing member of Rodriguez-Ayala Sullivan LLC, a boutique law firm providing legal services to investment management firms and specializing in hedge fund, private equity, and other alternative investment products.
She was also a solo practitioner after leaving Sidley Austin LLP in 2004.
==Education==
Sullivan received a bachelor of science in accounting from the University of St. Francis and a juris doctor from DePaul University College of Law.
== References ==	
Category:Lawyers
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Collin Peterson

__NOTOC__ 
Congressman Collin C. Peterson, a Democratic from Minnesota, is currently the ranking-member of the U.S. House Agriculture Committee. He represents Minnesota's seventh congressional district. He has been in the House of Representatives since 1990. He was previously chairman of the Ag Committee, but was replaced by Frank Lucas (R-OK) when the Republicans won the House in the 2010 election. 
== Background ==
Congressman Peterson was born on June 29, 1944, in Fargo, North Dakota. He grew up on a farm in Baker, Minnesota, and he currently lives in Detroit Lakes, Minnesota.
He was a member of the North Dakota Army National Guard from 1963 – 1969.
== Education ==
Moorhead State University, Moorhead, Minnesota, 1966.
Bachelor of Arts, Double major in Business Administration and Accounting, Minor in Political Science
== References ==
Categtory:Bios - Congressmen
Category:U.S. Government Officials
Colm Kelleher

__NOTOC__ 
Colm Kelleher is the chairman of UBS, elected to that role in April 2022. He is also a director of the Norfolk Southern Committee.
He previously worked at Morgan Stanley for 30 years, most recently as president, until he retired from the firm in 2019. While there, he oversaw both the Institutional Securities Business and Wealth Management. Before that, he was co-president and then president of Morgan Stanley Institutional Securities. 
During the global financial crisis from 2007 to 2009, he was the chief financial officer and co-head of corporate strategy at Morgan Stanley.
He is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants, serves on the board of Norfolk Southern Corporation and Americans for Oxford, and is also a member of Oxford Vice-Chancellor’s Circle, and the British Museum Advisory Board. He is also an Honorary Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford; a Freeman of the City of London and has received the keys to the City of Florence.
== Background ==
Between October 2007 and December 2009, Kelleher was the CFO and co-head of corporate strategy at Morgan Stanley and helped steer the firm through the financial crisis and manage its capital and liquidity during a period of market dislocation. He was head of global capital markets at the firm from February 2006 to October 2007. He joined Morgan Stanley in 1989 and was elected managing director in 1996. During his time at the firm, he worked in the US, Europe and Asia Pacific.
== Education ==
Kelleher graduated with an M.A. degree in History from Oxford University and qualified as a Chartered Accountant at Arthur Andersen & Co. 
== References ==
Colombia

The Colombia financial markets profile 2008-09 has recently been posted, the fourth in MarketsWiki's on-going series of frontier market profiles and background reports following Kenya, Hungary and Vietnam. Our entry on Colombia features an overview of the impact of global commodity prices - especially crude oil - on one of South America's more advanced economies. It will also include a brief survey of Colombia's stock market and interest rates looking ahead to the second quarter of 2009 and beyond.
Category:Columbia
Colombian peso

__NOTOC__
The Colombian peso is the official currency of the South American nation of Colombia and is issued and managed by the Central Bank of Colombia. The Colombian peso, like other frontier market currencies, has been weakened against larger curencies by the 2008-2009 financial crisis and has been particularly badly affected by the Venezuelan economy's decline.
== Background ==
The Colombian peso was first introduced as the official currency of Colombia in 1837 at a value of eight reales to the peso, and ten years later was decimalized to 10 reales (later decimos). In 1872 the present system of valuing the peso at 100 centavos was first adopted. The Colombian peso is currently issued in banknote denominations of 1,000 (see above) 2,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000 and 50,000.
After several recent years of appreciation the Colombian peso suffered a significant fall in September 2008 following the global credit crisis, forcing the Central Bank of Colombia (CBC) to take special action. The central bank in early October removed rules that had previously forced 40% of some overseas trade borrowing in Colombia to be held for six months by the CBC, one day after similar restrictions on fixed income assets were lifted. The CBC feared a further flight of foreign capital would depreciate the Colobian peso even more.
== Andean contagion ==
The Colombian economy's close trade ties to neighboring Venezuela, whose economy is heavily exposed to the crude oil market, has also exerted downward pressure on the Colombian peso over the past half-year. Venezuelan growth halted in 2008 following the credit crisis after years of rapid expansion, sending its demand for exports from Colombia plummeting. Colombia sends around 17% of all its exports to Venezuela, with which it shares a long and mountainous border, and the latter relies on oil for 90% of its total exports.
== Latest news ==
The Colombian peso in 2009 has so far continued its steady decline of 2008 - when it lost around 30% of its value - and shed a further 12% of its value over the first quarter of 2009, following a quarter of slight contraction in the Colombian economy. The Colombian peso is also being battered by bad market news in the U.S., it largest ally. The peso's weakness looks set to continue through 2009 as Colombia's badly-hit economy continues to struggle, a prominent economist said recently. Declines in Colombia's export markets, especially regional ones, have left Colombia and its currency relatively worse off than fellow latin American markets, Prof. Nourel Roubini told Bloomberg on April 8, 2009.
== References ==
Category:Currencies
Category:Columbia
ComDer, Contraparte Central S.A

ComDer Contraparte Central S.A. is a Primary Member of CCP Global, the global association of Central Counterparties (CCP), which represents 42 members who operate more than 60 individual CCPs across EMEA, the Americas and the Asia-Pacific region. 
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
*Felipe Ledermann Bernal, General Manager
*Juan Carlos Lopez Aguirre, Operations Manager
*Pablo Rodruiguez Elorza, Risk Manager
*Gloria Carreno Toro, Project And Technology Manager 
== References ==
Category:CCP Global Primary Members