nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Argo Blockchain PLC

Argo Blockchain is a cryptocurrency mining firm based out of London.
== Overview ==
Argo Blockchain was founded in 2017 by Mike Edwards, an executive with experience building tech startups, some of which sold to large companies like Google and Twitter. 
Argo is publicly-listed on the London Stock Exchange. Its August 2019 initial public offering raised $32.5 million after a pre-tax loss of $5 million in 2018. 
The company announced in August 2019 that it aims to become "the world's largest publicly-listed crypto miner by 2020." In early January 2020, Argo announced it was installing 3,616 more of Bitmain's Antminer machines in addition to the machines the company already possessed, increasing its cryptocurrency mining capacity by 75 percent. Its CEO Peter Wall said the company plans to install an additional 6,384 machines by the end of Q1 of 2020, which would increase its initial mining capacity by 204 percent. 
In February 2021, Argo said that it had signed an agreement with Toronto-based ePIC Blockchain to buy $8 million of application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) bitcoin mining equipment for delivery in the fourth quarter of the year. The contract gives Argo first rights to ePIC's production throughout the rest of 2021 and 2022. Earlier in the month, the company signed a Letter of Intention to purchase 320 acres of land in west Texas where it could build a 200 MW data center for bitcoin mining.
 
== Key People ==
*Mike Edwards, Founder, Executive Chairman 
*Peter Wall, CEO 
*Perry Hothi, CTO 
*Sebastien Chalus, VP Operations
== References ==
Category:bitcoin
Category:cryptocurrency
Category:mining
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Argus Crude Futures

Argus Crude Futures is crude oil futures contract based on the Argus Sour Crude Index. Both Intercontinental Exchange Inc. (ICE) and CME Group Inc. (CME) announced in late 2009 that they would launch Argus Crude Futures.
For contract specifications, see:
*CME Group Argus Crude Oil
*ICE Argus Crude Oil
== References ==
Argus Sour Crude Index

The Argus Sour Crude Index (ASCI) is an index published by Argus Media. The index was adopted by Saudi Aramco in October of 2009 to set prices for oil sold by Aramco in the U.S., in place of the West Texas Intermediate benchmark contract offered by the CME Group’s New York Mercantile Exchange. 
The oil tracked in the Argus index is delivered at the Gulf Coast, whereas the delivery point for NYMEX underlying oil is Cushing, Oklahoma. 
In response, CME Group announced the launch of trading and clearing services for cash-settled trade-month swap futures on the Argus Sour Crude Index, to begin on November 23, 2009. 
== References ==
Category:Argus Media
Category:Indexes
Ari Studnitzer

__NOTOC__ 
Ari Studnitzer is director of software engineering for CME Group. He is responsible for leading the development of CME Group order routing systems. 
== Background ==
Before joining the company in 2002, Studnitzer held software development and project management roles at Deloitte Consulting. 
== Education ==
He earned a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and an MBA in finance and strategy from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business.
== References ==	
Category:CME Group
Category:University of Chicago
Arianne Adams

__NOTOC__ 
Arianne Adams (formerly Arianne Criqui) is an exchange and financial services executive who became chief strategy officer at Webull Financial in December of 2023. She was previously senior vice president, head of options and business development at Cboe Global Markets. She was named to that post in December 2018. She left Cboe in October 2023 in a shakeup of senior management at the exchange following the resignation of Ed Tilly as CEO.
== Background ==
Before joining Cboe, Adams was vice president, head of electronic options sales distribution on the equity derivatives sales team at Goldman Sachs. 
Before that, she held executive sales positions at Capstone Investment Advisors and Merrill Lynch.
== Education ==
Adams earned a Bachelor of Science degree in finance from Penn State University in 1999.
== Video Interviews ==
== References ==	
Category:Goldman Sachs - Former Employees
Category:Capstone Investment Advisors - Former Employees
Category:Merrill Lynch - Former Employees
Category:CBOE - Former Employees
Aric Forsythe

__NOTOC__ 
Aric Forsythe is the head of Product Development for tradeMONSTER Group where he leads the design, information architecture, and innovation for tradeMONSTER’s desktop trading and mobile applications. Forsythe has been with tradeMONSTER since their start in 2006 and oversees the products from the functionality to the design.
== Background ==
Forsythe began his career in 1991 in Chicago at Saliba Companies helping educate traders in Chicago and Europe. After three years there, he began working as a trader for the new Kessler Asher International in London, making markets in Gilt Options and managing risk for other traders.
 
In 2000, Forsythe joined thinkorswim also from their start, where he helped innovate and design the retail trading platform and administrative platform for their retail flagship business from the ground up. Subsequently, he headed up the development and managed the institutional trading platform called “Liquid,” more recently known as “thinkpipes,” which provided a complete trading solution for professionals and institutions. 
== Education ==
Forsythe has a BS in Management Information Systems and a BS in Finance from Florida State University. He also has an MA in Psychology and Counseling from Argosy University Chicago.
== References ==
Aritas Securities

Aritas Securities, formerly Pipeline Trading Systems LLC, was an Alternative Trading System (ATS), aka a dark pool, that enables institutions and brokerage firms to trade blocks of NYSE listed companies, NASDAQ stocks, ADRs and Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs)
Aritas maintains a hidden book of large, executable limit orders with strict price time priority. The company facilitates interaction between traders, enabling all real buyers and sellers to find each other anonymously and get trades done while minimizing gaming. 
The company rebranded as Aritas in January of 2012.
On May 10, 2012, Aritas/Pipeline announced it had stopped accepting orders and was selling its key technology assets, and that its executive chairman, Jay Biancamano, would be leaving to join software vendor Portware. Portware agreed to buy Aritas's key technology assets. 
== History ==
Pipeline was founded by Fred Federspiel, a neurophysicist who previously worked at the Los Alamos National Lab in New Mexico, and Alfred Berkeley, a former president and vice chairman of The Nasdaq Stock Market. Pipeline sought to differentiate itself from other block trading venues by setting minimum order size limits of 10,000, 25,000 and 100,000 shares, depending on the stock, to prevent predators from risking a small amount of capital on small orders to sniff out large institutional orders.
On Oct. 24, 2011, the SEC announced that Pipeline Trading Systems would pay a $1.2 million penalty to settle charges that the broker and two of its top executives failed to disclose to customers that the majority of orders sent to the firm's dark pool were filled by a wholly owned trading affiliate rather than by matching them against other customer orders, as advertised. Neither Pipeline nor its executives admitted or denied wrongdoing in the settlement. The matter was the SEC's first enforcement action involving a dark pool.
Pipeline's chairman, Alfred Berkeley III, and its chief executive Fred Federspiel stepped down from the company and a new chairman, Jay Biancamano, was appointed. 
On November 18, 2011, Pipeline Financial Group said it would divest the trading subsidiary, Milstream Securities LLC, that regulators said secretly took advantage of Pipeline clients' information. Pipeline said it was reviewing its options, including the possibility of selling the subsidiary.
On November 30, 2011, Pipeline said it had discontinued its options business. 
== Products and Services ==
*Pipeline PowerPlay
*Algorithm Switching Engine
*Contra Targeting
== Key People ==
== References ==
Category:Dark Pools
Category:Aritas Securities
Category:Alternative Trading Systems
Armajaro Holdings

Armajaro Holdings is a hedge fund that is focused on soft commodities such as cocoa and coffee. 
== History ==
Armajaro Holdings made headlines in July 2010 when co-founder, Anthony Ward took delivery on 241,000 tons of cocoa beans from NYSE Liffe, the largest delivery at the exchange in 14 years. The hedge fund owns seven percent of the annual global production and can manufacture 5.3 billion quarter pound chocolate bars. 
== Products and Services ==
Armajaro Holdings is focused on soft commodities such as coffee, cocoa and sugar origination and distribution. They are also involved with commodity fund investment management and structured products. 
== Key People ==
*Martin Lambert, non-executive chairman
*Anthony Ward, co-founder
*Richard Cower, co-founder
*Harry Morley, finance director
*Paul Lammers, non-executive director
== References ==
Category:Hedge Funds
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Arman Falsafi

Arman Falsafi is a former managing director of the CME Group. She had served as the CME's managing director of Europe and Middle
East and Africa. She was recalled to the U.S. following a four-year term serving in London.
== Background ==
Falsafi joined CME in 1999 as senior director of technology strategy and later served as managing director of global electronic trading and data.
In 2001, the CME promoted Falsafi to managing director, where she was responsible for CME's GLOBEX electronic trading business, information products and international offices.
Prior to joining the CME, Falsafi served as director of systems integration for MCI Systemhouse's capital markets and trading practice from 1994-99, and held systems and software engineering positions at Swiss Bank Corporation/O'Connor & Associates from 1990-94, both in Chicago.
== Education ==
Falsafi earned a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the University of Connecticut in 1987, a master's degree in computer systems engineering from Northeastern University in 1990 and an MBA in finance from the University of Chicago in 1997.
== References ==
Category:CME Group
Category:CME Group
Category:University of Chicago
Arminio Fraga

__NOTOC__ 
Arminio Fraga is a Brazilian economist.
== Background ==
Fraga serves as CIO of Gávea Investimentos, a Rio de Janeiro-based investment company he founded in August 2003. In October 2010, Gávea sold a majority interest in its capital to J.P. Morgan Asset Management, but remains independently run. 
Fraga served as chairman of the BM&FBOVESPA‏‎ board of directors from April 2009 to April 2013. 
He was the president of the Central Bank of Brazil from 1999 to 2002. 
From 1993 until 1999, Fraga was managing director of Soros Fund Management. He is also a member of the influential Washington based advisory body, the Group of Thirty.
== Education ==
Mr. Fraga has Ph.D. in Economics from Princeton University and a BA/MA in Economics from the Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro.
== References ==
Category:BM&FBOVESPA‏‎
Category:Central Bank of Brazil
Category:Economists
Arnab Sen

__NOTOC__ 
Arnab Sen is the co-founder and CEO of GFO-X (Global Futures and Options), founded in 2020. He has twenty years of investment and asset management experience.
== Background ==
Sen started his career at UBS and went on to found Harbour Capital, a fully licensed and regulated multi-strategy investment firm in Hong Kong. His previous roles include portfolio manager at Tiger cub, Nezu Asia and the investment management firm HSZ Group.
== Education ==
He has an economics degree from Cambridge University.
== References ==	
Category:CEOs
Arnaud Vagner

__NOTOC__ 
Arnaud Vagner is an analyst and researcher for Iceberg Research. 
Vagner is known for his analysis of his former employer Noble Group, once one of the world's largest commodity trading houses, according to Bloomberg. There, he served as a senior credit analyst. Vagner left and began writing a series of anonymous reports about Noble, which almost collapsed and was forced to restructure in August 2018.
Vagner's reports, heavily disputed by Noble, played a role in the firm's downward spiral. 
== Background ==
Before working with Iceberg Research, Vagner worked as a senior credit analyst at Noble in Hong Kong starting in 2011. He was fired by Noble in 2013.
In 2015, he began writing reports about the company, exposing flawed calculations about Noble's profit forecasts on the long-term contracts it held in commodities. He estimated those positions were overvalued by $3.8 billion. Following that, the firm wrote down massive losses that far exceeded Iceberg's estimates. Noble, once valued at $11.7 billion in 2011, had a market cap of just $115 million by August 2018. 
Noble has sued Vagner in Hong Kong, claiming that Vagner's reports were aimed at harming the firm. Noble was seeking unspecified damages, interest and costs as well as restraining Vagner and Iceberg from publishing further reports about the company. Iceberg countered that its research was based on public information provided by Noble.
== Education ==
== References ==	
Category:Noble
Arshad Khan

__NOTOC__ 
Arshad Khan is managing director and CEO of Bahrain Financial Exchange and the BFX Clearing and Depository Corporation (BCDC).
Khan is responsible for the strategic direction of the exchange. Prior to taking the post, he served as head of communications with the Financial Technologies Group. He was also responsible for setting up the Dubai Gold and Commodities Exchange in the UAE and led the company's Financial Technologies Middle East (FTME) operations. 
== Background ==
Khan is a former head of the communications department for Financial Technologies Group.
== Resources ==
*Arshad Khan LinkedIn Page
== Education ==
Category:Bios - Executives
== References ==
Art Cashin

__NOTOC__ 
Arthur D. Cashin Jr. (1941-2024) was an American financial analyst and stockbroker who served as the director of floor operations for UBS Financial Services at the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). Known for his market insights, storytelling prowess, and daily commentary, Cashin was a prominent figure on Wall Street for more than six decades.
== Background ==
Cashin was born in 1941 in Jersey City, New Jersey, where his parents were superintendents of an apartment building, providing him with a humble background that shaped his future career and persona on Wall Street.
== Career ==
Cashin's career on Wall Street began in 1959 at Thomson McKinnon, where he started as an assistant clerk at the age of 17 and still in high school. He was obliged to join the workforce when his father died unexpectedly that year. In 1964, at just 23 years old, he became one of the youngest traders to have a seat at the NYSE and a partner at P.R. Herzig & Co.
In 1980, Cashin joined PaineWebber, managing their floor operations. He continued in this role after UBS acquired PaineWebber in 2000, becoming UBS Financial Services' director of floor operations at the NYSE.
File:ArtCashin-NYSE-UBS.jpg|Photo courtesy of the New York Stock Exchange
File:ArtCashin-NYSEFloor-CloseUp.jpg|Photo courtesy of the New York Stock Exchange
File:CashinComments.png|link=|Cashin Comments Courtesy of UBS
Cashin was renowned for his daily newsletter, "Cashin's Comments," which reached over 100,000 readers daily and tied historical events to market dynamics. He was also a regular presence on CNBC for over 25 years, providing market analysis and commentary. 
Following the September 11, 2001 attacks, Cashin chaired the NYSE "Fallen Heroes Fund," which provided financial support to the families of first responders who lost their lives. He was also the founder of the Exchange Christmas Dinner Fund, which by 2006 was feeding over 185,000 people annually.
Cashin was known for his unique persona on the trading floor, including his rumpled suits, outdated ties, and refusal to use modern conveniences like credit cards or computers. He was a link to NYSE traditions, leading the singing of "Wait 'Till the Sun Shines, Nellie" every Christmas Eve and New Year's Eve. 
Arthur D. Cashin Jr. passed away on December 2, 2024, at the age of 83, leaving behind a legacy as one of Wall Street's most respected and beloved figures.
== Education ==
Cashin attended Xavier High School in New York City on a full scholarship, with the parish pastor paying for his uniform. He graduated in 1959, and his senior yearbook entry simply stated "working" where other students' college plans were listed.
== References ==	
Category:NYSE
Category:Traders
Category:Financial Analysts
Category:UBS
Category:Thomson McKinnon - Former Employee
Category:P.R. Herzig & Co. - Former Employee
Category:PaineWebber - Former Employee
Art Margulis

__NOTOC__ 
Art Margulis is a Chicago-based principal trading executive who is the owner and founder of Cognitive Capital, a firm that focuses on U.S. and international equities markets.
== Background ==
Prior to founding Cognitive, Margulis was a managing director of Goldman Sachs. He joined Goldman from Hull Trading in 1999, when Hull was acquired by Goldman. Margulis was a principal at Hull Trading and served as its president.
== Education ==
Margulis has a bachelors degree from Princeton University and a masters of business administration from The University of Chicago Booth School of Business.
== References ==	
Category:Hull Trading - Former Employees
Category:Goldman Sachs - Former Employees
Category:Principal Trading Executives
Arthur Andersen

Arthur Andersen LLP, a Chicago-based company, was one of the "big five" accounting firms until it was prosecuted and convicted of obstruction of justice for destroying documents for its client Enron Corp . The U.S. Supreme Court later overturned the conviction, but Andersen did not return as an accounting firm. The company's consultancy arm, Andersen Consulting, broke off and later renamed itself Accenture, remaining a profitable enterprise. 
== History ==
Arthur Andersen was Enron's accountant before the energy-trading company collapsed in 2001. In June 2002, a federal jury in Houston convicted the accounting firm of obstruction of justice for destroying Enron-related documents after being notified of a federal investigation into accounting irregularities and fraud inside the energy company. 
David B. Duncan, lead partner on the Enron account, was fired for shredding the documents. He pleaded guilty to obstruction of justice and cooperated with the prosecution of his former employer. Arthur Andersen was fined $500,000 and put on probation for five years. 
Arthur Andersen appealed and the Supreme Court unanimously overturned the conviction, ruling that the trial judge erred by giving the jury instructions that did not specify that prosecutors had to prove Arthur Andersen knew it was breaking the law. The Justice Department did not retry the case. 
Duncan was later allowed to withdraw his guilty plea and his conviction was also overturned.
.
== Products and Services ==
Corporate accounting services
== Key People ==
David Duncan
== References ==
Arthur B. Laffer

__NOTOC__ 
Arthur Laffer is often called 'The Father of Supply-Side Economics' because of his influence in triggering a worldwide tax-cutting movement in the 1980s, as a member of President Ronald Reagan's Economic Policy Advisory Board. He was also a member of the Executive Committee of the Reagan/Bush Finance Committee in 1984 and was a founding member of the Reagan Executive Advisory Committee for the presidential race of 1980.
He was recognized by Time Magazine in its March 29, 1999, cover story, "The Century's Greatest Minds" for inventing the Laffer Curve, which Time called one of "a few of the advances that powered this extraordinary century". He was listed in "A Dozen Who Shaped the '80s," in the Los Angeles Times on Jan. 1, 1990, and in "A Gallery of the Greatest People Who Influenced Our Daily Business," in the Wall Street Journal on June 23, 1989.
 Laffer was awarded two Graham and Dodd Awards from the Financial Analyst Federation for outstanding feature articles published in the Financial Analysts Journal; the Distinguished Service Award by the National Association of Investment Clubs; the Adam Smith Award for his insights and contributions to the Wealth of Nations; and the Daniel Webster Award for public speaking by the International Platform Association. 
== Background ==
 Laffer was formerly the Distinguished University Professor at Pepperdine University and a member of the Pepperdine Board of Directors. He was also the Charles B. Thornton Professor of Business Economics at the University of Southern California from 1976 to 1984. He was an Associate Professor of Business Economics at the University of Chicago from 1970 to 1976 and a member of the Chicago faculty from 1967 through 1976.
From 1972 to 1977, he was a consultant to Secretary of the Treasury William Simon, Secretary of Defense Don Rumsfeld and Secretary of the Treasury George Shultz. He was the first to hold the title of Chief Economist at the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under Mr. Shultz from October 1970 to July 1972.
== Education ==
Laffer received a B.A. in economics from Yale University in 1963. He received a MBA and a Ph.D. in economics from Stanford University in 1965 and 1971 respectively.
== References ==
Category:Economists
Category:University of Chicago
Arthur Bell Certified Public Accountants

Arthur Bell Certified Public Accountants is a mid-sized CPA that provides audit, tax, accounting and consulting services to the managed futures, hedge fund and securities industry. 
== History ==
The firm was established in 1974. Bell, the managing member, is supported by nine additional members, six directors and over 80 professional staff.
== Products and Services ==
The firm's accounting and auditing services include:
*Auditing, reviewing and compiling financial statements for hedge funds, venture capital funds, private equity funds, commodity pools and other investment entities. 
*Assisting in the preparation of Forms 10-K, 10-Q, S-1, 8-K and other filings required by the SEC. 
*Auditing, reviewing and compiling financial statements for investment advisors, broker dealers, commodity trading advisors, affiliated entities and other corporate entities. 
*Examining and reviewing historical performance records in accordance with Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS) and Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) standards. 
*Examining and reviewing internal controls of service organizations pursuant to Statement on Auditing Standards No. 70, Service Organizations. 
*Examining hypothetical performance records for inclusion in initial offering documents. 
*Calculating rates of return and preparing performance records. 
*Maintaining investor profit and fee allocation schedules, investor capital balances and preparing investor account statements. 
*Assisting with bookkeeping, accounting and record keeping requirements. 
*Providing agreed-upon procedures applicable to various aspects of accounting and performance reporting by funds and advisors. 
== Key People ==
*Arthur F. Bell, Jr. founder, managing member
*Kevin Shaffer, chief operating officer
*Michelle Childers, director of human resources
*William Coleman director of information technology
*Tina Lewandowski, director of marketing
*Debby Hallett, director, performance analysis
== References ==
Category:Arthur Bell Certified Public Accountants