nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Tonga

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonga
https://www.google.com/maps/place/Tonga
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http://www.theguardian.com/world/tonga
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http://www.lonelyplanet.com/tonga
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Tonga, a Polynesian kingdom of more than 170 islands, many uninhabited, most lined in white beaches and coral reefs and covered with tropical rainforest
INDC
Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) -- 2015 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intended_Nationally_Determined_Contributions
 Tonga's INDC plan - http://www4.unfccc.int/submissions/INDC/Published%20Documents/Tonga/1/Tonga%20INDC.pdf
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Tonga_on_the_globe_%28Polynesia_centered%29.svg/800px-Tonga_on_the_globe_%28Polynesia_centered%29.svg.png
Category:Tonga
Category:Oceania
Category:Location
Category:Countries
Category:Agricultural Economics
Category:Ecological Economics
Category:Economic Development
Category:Human Rights
Category:INDC
Toronto, Ontario 3Rs Working Group

Type: Policy
Status: Adopted in July 2007
Source File: http://www.toronto.ca/garbage/3rwg/index.htm
Description:
In July 2007, Toronto City Council approved the creation of a 3Rs Working Group (3RWG) to provide input and advice to staff and the Public Works and Infrastructure Committee on the design and implementation of policies and practices to help achieve the goal of 70% diversion from landfill. The group has a mandate to explore ways and means of effectively implementing the 3Rs initiatives and achieving the overall waste reduction and diversion targets described in the Getting to 70% staff report.	 	
These initiatives include: source reduction; reuse, disassembly and recycling of durable goods; improved recycling capacity; next generation green bins; new materials for recycling; green bin organics in apartment/condos; on-floor recycling containers for apartment residents; townhouse collection; education, outreach and enforcement of diversion by-law; volume-based solid waste rate structure; and emerging source separation techniques.
The 3RWG came into effect on January 1, 2008 and held its first meeting on January 10th. The initial membership is comprised of former members of the Community Environmental Assessment Team and recruitment of additional new members is to be completed by May 2008. The 3Rs Working Group will include a total of fifteen members.
Category:Canada
Category:City Governments
Category:Ontario
Category:Policies
Category:Recycling
Category:Toronto
Toronto, Ontario Abolish Nuclear Weapons Day

Type: Resolution
Status: Declared on 3/17/07
Source File: http://www.toronto.ca/proclamations/2007/pdf/proclamation_abolishnuclear2007.pdf
Text: 
WHEREAS the number of nations possessing or developing nuclear weapons continues
to increase, thereby increasing the proliferation of dangerous nuclear weapons.
On May 7, 1982, Toronto City Council voted to hold a referendum on worldwide nuclear
disarmament in the November 8, 1982 municipal election and, seventy-eight percent of
Torontonians who cast ballots voted “yes” to disarmament by all nations with the
ultimate goal of a world free from nuclear weapons.
The results of the 1982 municipal referendum were forwarded by Toronto City Council
to the Federal Government, calling on it to urge the United Nations to conduct a global
referendum on nuclear disarmament.
This year marks the 25th anniversary of the founding of Mayors for Peace, an Inter-City
Solidarity Program proposed by the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and adopted by
Toronto City Council.
On January 24, 1983 Toronto City Council designated Toronto a Nuclear Weapons Free
Zone.
NOW THEREFORE, I, Mayor David Miller, on behalf of Toronto City Council, do hereby
proclaim March 17, 2007 as “Abolish Nuclear Weapons Day” to celebrate the 25th
anniversary of Toronto as a nuclear weapons free zone and a city of peace.
Category:Canada
Category:City Governments
Category:Nuclear Free
Category:Ontario
Category:Resolutions
Category:Toronto
Toronto, Ontario Action Plan for Affordable Housing

Type: Policy
Status: Adopted on 2/1/06
Source File: Click here
Description:
Council approves Toronto Action Plan for Affordable Housing calling for 1,000 new rental homes
Today, Toronto City Council approved key recommendations in a report calling for 1,000 new affordable rental homes in Toronto in 2006.
“Council has approved a road map to achieve our 2006 target of 1,000 affordable rental homes together with our federal, provincial and community partners,” said Mayor David Miller. “Affordable housing is a key priority for Toronto and is essential in meeting the social and economic needs of our city.”
“The City is open for business and ready to work with all housing stakeholders interested in making affordable housing happen in Toronto,” said Councillor Giorgio Mammoliti, Chair of the Affordable Housing Committee.
The Action Plan was requested by Toronto City Council at their meeting of October 2005. The Plan was developed based on the results of a focused consultation with housing stakeholders in December 2005, ongoing discussions with federal and provincial officials, and learning from the City’s experience in delivering affordable housing since 2000. Key elements of the Action Plan include:
* adopting a comprehensive set of criteria to guide the selection of proposals by Council later this year
* setting aside specific allocations under the Affordable Housing Program of a minimum of 400 units for non-profit, co-operative and private proponents, 200 units for potential development on City owned sites, and 200 units for Toronto Community Housing initiatives
* allocating the City site at 60 Richmond Street East to Toronto Community Housing for Regent Park revitalization off-site housing
* targeting affordable housing proposals that would provide low rents aimed at serving families and individuals on the City’s social housing waiting list
* adopting a local initiatives strategy aimed at locating affordable housing in all wards of the city.
Funding for the Plan includes $56 million from the federal/provincial Affordable Housing Program, $7 million from the federal Supporting Communities Partnership Initiative, $8.9 million from the City’s Capital Revolving Fund and Mayor’s Fund, and implementation on a development by development basis of other existing City of Toronto policies.
Category:Affordable Housing
Category:Canada
Category:City Governments
Category:Ontario
Category:Policies
Category:Toronto
Toronto, Ontario Action Plan for the Elimination of Racism and Discrimination

Type: Policy
Status: Adopted
Source File: http://www.toronto.ca/diversity/plan.htm
Description:
Toronto has become one of the most diverse cities in the world and has gained an international reputation for the success of its diversity. The City has an inclusive vision of society, which is equitable and built on the strength of its diversity.
Through the leadership of Toronto City Council, the City has adopted and implemented policies and programs on Non-discrimination, Human Rights, Elimination of Hate, Access and Equity Grants, Employment Equity and Action Plan on Community Access and Equity. These policies and programs are in place to remove barriers, promote equitable participation of all residents and build an inclusive society.
The City recognizes that notwithstanding the above initiatives, intensifying social and economic disparities impact disproportionately on diverse individuals and communities. It must work proactively to improve access and equity, be more inclusive and continue to challenge racism and discrimination.
Through this Plan of Action for the Elimination of Racism and Discrimination, the City:
* reaffirms "Diversity Our Strength", embraces opportunities to build an inclusive society, serves as a model of diversity, and celebrates the cultural, economic and social successes of our diverse communities;
* affirms its commitment to removing the barriers of racism and discrimination that exclude and disadvantage individuals and communities from participating equitably in all spheres of life in Toronto;
* acknowledges that multiple factors, such as race, gender, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, place of origin compound the discrimination of individuals and communities;
* ensures that non-discrimination, anti-racism, accessibility and equity policies and programs are integrated in the operation of the municipality;
* strengthens advocacy and partnership with communities, public and private sectors and other orders of government; and
* demonstrates accountability to all residents in striving to achieve the goal of a diverse, equitable and inclusive society.
Category:Canada
Category:City Governments
Category:Civil Rights
Category:Ontario
Category:Policies
Category:Toronto
Toronto, Ontario Atmospheric Fund (TAF)

Type: Program
Status: Established in 1991
Source File: http://www.toronto.ca/taf/index.htm
Description:
Toronto City Council established the Toronto Atmospheric Fund (TAF) in 1991 to finance Toronto-based initiatives that combat global climate change and improve air quality.
TAF provides grants and loans and undertakes special projects to advance its mandate. Working with all sectors of the community, and with city departments and agencies, TAF leverages its resources to develop innovative local actions that lead to significant emission reduction results.
On an annual basis, TAF has approximately $1.2 million available for grants and special projects. Up to $8 million in financing is currently available for mandate-related loans.
Grants
On November 26, 2008, the TAF Board of Directors approved funding for new grants based on the applications received October 10, 2008. Complete list of these projects.
TAF's mandate is to:
* support and encourage local reductions of air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions;
* stimulate best practices in energy conservation and efficiency;
* contribute to public understanding of global climate change and its implications for the urban environment;
* support or initiate research and technology development that will contribute to effective local emissions reduction strategies; and
* develop partnerships with non-governmental organizations, other levels of government, businesses and academic institutions
TAF's endowment supports local emissions reduction projects - at no expense to the taxpayer. Meanwhile, projects financed by TAF loans have saved the City $17.5 million — over $2.7 million annually — in cumulative energy and maintenance costs.
What does TAF support?
The Toronto Atmospheric Fund, through grants and loans, supports projects that address its mandate. Eligible grant applicants include City of Toronto agencies and divisions, non-profit organizations, registered charities, public institutions and schools.
TAF's current granting priorities fit under the following strategic program areas:
* FleetWise - accelerating hybrid & electric vehicle solutions
* LightSavers - advancing low-carbon lighting
* TowerWise - improving energy efficiency in high-rise homes
* SolarCity - building local solar generation capacity
Category:Canada
Category:City Governments
Category:Green Funds
Category:Ontario
Category:Programs
Category:Toronto
Toronto, Ontario Bike Plan "Shifting Gears"

Type: Policy
Status: Adopted
Source File: http://www.toronto.ca/cycling/bikeplan/pdf/bike_plan_full.pdf
Introduction:
(Note: The entire plan is a 20.9 MB pdf. )
Encouraging more people in Toronto to cycle
more often, especially for utilitarian reasons,
will improve the health and the liveability of our
City. The Toronto Bike Plan (TBP) has been
prepared in response to this general principle. It
will guide the City in the development and
implementation of new programs and facilities
to encourage people to cycle, and to reduce their
dependence on the automobile. It is a Plan
based on extensive public and staff consultation,
and is designed to be flexible so it can evolve
over time as it is implemented.
The Toronto Bike Plan is envisioned as a tenyear
initiative. It will complement other
planning efforts in the City, including the review
of the City’s Official Plan and the
redevelopment of Toronto’s waterfront.
The TBP establishes a vision for cycling. It sets
out integrated principles, objectives and
recommendations regarding safety, education
and promotional programs as well as cycling
related infrastructure, including a comprehensive
bikeway network.
Table of Contents
:Executive Summary (PDF 1.3 Mb)
:Chapter 1 - Introduction (PDF 462 Kb)
:Chapter 2 - Cycling in Toronto (PDF 4 Mb)
:Chapter 3 - Plan Overview (PDF 747 Kb)
:Chapter 4 - Bicycle Friendly Streets (PDF 1.1 Mb)
:Chapter 5 - Bikeway Network (PDF 4.5 Mb)
:Chapter 6 - Safety & Education (PDF 1.5 Mb)
:Chapter 7 - Promotion (PDF 1.2 Mb)
:Chapter 8 - Cycling & Transit (PDF 1.1 Mb)
:Chapter 9 - Bicycle Parking (PDF 908 Kb)
:Chapter 10 - Implementation & Evaluation (PDF 1.1 Mb)
:Appendix A - Bikeway Networks (PDF 211 Kb)
:Appendix B Public & Staff Consultation Process (PDF 469 Kb)
:Appendix C - Summary of Unit Cost Assumptions (PDF 431 Kb)
:Staff Report (PDF 220 Kb)
Category:Canada
Category:City Governments
Category:Foot-Powered Transportation
Category:Ontario
Category:Policies
Category:Toronto
Toronto, Ontario Children's Garden Program

Type: Program
Status: Established in 1998
Source File: http://www.toronto.ca/parks/programs/gardening.htm
Description:
The City's Children's Garden Program:
The Children’s Garden Program provides children, youth and families with an opportunity to participate in hands-on organic gardening activities like planting, maintenance, composting and more!
We have two garden locations: High Park and the Waterfront. School programs are currently offered at the High Park Children’s Garden, which is wheelchair accessible.
School Programs
The City of Toronto invites school groups to visit the garden and participate in hands-on gardening activities.
Programs are suitable for K-8 and last approximately 2 hours. We also offer customized programming for children with special needs.
The Children's Garden Program is available from mid-May to the end of June and from mid-September to early October. Registration is done on a first come first served basis so don't forget to register early! The program cost is $5/child.
Possible Activities Include:
* Planting and Harvesting
* Soil Investigation
* Plant Identification
* Scavenger Hunts
* Composting
* Bug Hunts
* Garden Crafts
* Drama and Music
All programs are hands-on, interactive, and reflect Ontario Ministry of Education Curriculum.
Summer Events, Eco Camp and Family Drop-in Programs
The Children's Garden and Exploring Toronto Programs will be hosting a number of drop-in programs and community events, as well as our Eco Camp this summer. Join us for hands-on gardening and nature exploration activities, nature crafts, garden harvest cooking, nature tours, eco-games and live performances.
Check out the background info tab to learn more
Category:Canada
Category:City Governments
Category:Community Gardens
Category:Ontario
Category:Programs
Category:Toronto
Toronto, Ontario Clean Roads to Clean Air Program

Type: Program
Status: Launched in 2003
Source File: http://www.toronto.ca/transportation/environment/index.htm#clean
Description:
Clean Roads to Clean Air Program
In 2003, the Clean Roads to Clean Air Program (CRCA) was initiated by Transportation Services’ Operational Planning and Policy Unit and Toronto Environment Office’ Air Quality Improvements Branch and through a number of air quality studies and tests, a standard process, along with efficiency criteria, were developed and used to evaluate various street sweeper technologies. Specifically, the technologies were evaluated on their efficiency in removing fine particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5 – both considered toxic substances under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act) from roads, the concentration levels of fine particulate matter entrained into the air while sweeping, and their ability to operate year-round effectively, including during winter periods, and under various sweeping conditions typically encountered in Toronto.
The CRCA Program defined a process that made it possible to obtain quantitative results of a street sweeper’s operational and PM efficiency and provided the justification for the City to proceed with the acquisition of 25 new regenerative-air street sweepers. These new sweepers are capable of removing a significant amount of fine particulate matter from the City of Toronto’s paved roads year-round.
Testing protocols were developed, along with efficiency criteria to evaluate the operational and particulate matter removal efficiency of various street sweeper technologies. The evaluation process has provided a framework for continuous development of new operational practices and procedures, ensuring that the City’s street sweeping service is delivered in a safe, environmentally sustainable, efficient and effective manner.
The new sweepers will contribute to a reduction in airborne fine particulate matter, at street level, by at least 21%. Fine particulate matter is one of the two most significant “criteria air contaminants” in Toronto. An improvement in air quality will be beneficial to the general health of City’s residents, workers and visitors, and will significantly reduce the number of cases of acute and chronic exposure to fine particulates. An additional benefit in removing toxic loads from the streets is that most of the particulate matter that was washed down into catch-basins and the storm sewer system will be significantly reduced. This will result in improved stormwater quality and a reduction in the cost of stormwater treatment. Furthermore, the replacement of the less efficient and ageing fleet of mechanical street sweepers with new regenerative-air types will reduce maintenance costs and improve the level of street sweeping service across the City.
A number of divisions were consulted throughout the process including: Fleet Services, Public Health Services, Legal Services, Toronto Water and the Purchasing and Material Management Division.
Category:Canada
Category:Air Pollution
Category:City Governments
Category:Ontario
Category:Programs
Category:Toronto
Toronto, Ontario Climate Change Adaptation Strategy

Type: Policy
Status: Adopted in July 2008
Source File: http://www.toronto.ca/teo/adaptation.htm
Description:
Work is underway to develop a strategy to prepare Toronto for the long-lasting changes in weather patterns that are caused by climate change.
"While mitigation remains on the forefront of our climate change agenda, it's clear that we must take action now to adapt to the realities of climate change that we see today, and the realities we will see with greater intensity in the future.
National governments are falling behind in taking action on this important issue so it's up to cities to act and that's what Toronto is committed to doing."
Mayor David Miller
Ahead of the Storm: Preparing Toronto for Climate Change outlines a series of actions to improve Toronto’s resilience to climate change including:
* A series of short-term actions beginning in 2008 that will help prevent and/or minimize the impacts of climate change in Toronto
* a series of actions that will guide the City’s development of a comprehensive, long-term strategy to adapt to climate change.
Ahead of the Storm was unanimously endorsed by City Council in July, 2008.
Local Climate Changes
In 2007, City staff invited a panel of Canadian climate change experts to speak at a special meeting of the Parks & Environment Committee, and work with staff to lay the groundwork for the City’s Climate Change Adaptation strategy.
The experts agree that Toronto will experience more frequent and severe weather as a result of climate changes and that these changes will include higher temperatures, extreme heat, heavy rainfalls, drought and the introduction of new and invasive species.
Learn more about the special meeting with local climate change experts.
Adaptive Actions
Examples of actions that will make our infrastructure and buildings more resilient to climate change and improve the city's overall sustainability include:
* planting more trees to increase shade and clean and cool the air
* using rain barrels to capture rainwater for reuse
* using permeable surfaces (rather than asphalt for example) to reduce runoff from heavy rainfalls
* landscaping with drought-resistant plants and
* using cool/reflective materials on the roofs of homes and buildings to reduce urban heat.
Background
Change is in the Air: Toronto's Climate Change, Clean Air and Sustainable Energy Action Plan, which was unanimously endorsed by Council in July 2007, set in motion Toronto's bold and ambitious climate change agenda. The plan includes more than 100 actions to reduce the greenhouse gas and smog-causing emissions which contribute to climate change. It also recommended the development of a comprehensive strategy to adapt to the long-term changes in our weather patterns that are already underway.
Category:Canada
Category:City Governments
Category:Climate Policy
Category:Ontario
Category:Policies
Category:Toronto
Toronto, Ontario Commercial Washer Rebate Program

Type: Program
Status: Ongoing
Source File: http://www.toronto.ca/watereff/business_washer/index.htm
Description:		
Receive up to $125
The City of Toronto offers property owners and managers up to $125 cash back for each new high-efficiency (HE) commercial washer that is purchased or leased. Compared to conventional top-loading commercial washers, a new HE (front-loading) commercial washer can lower the cost of your annual water and energy bills by at least $860 per washing machine*.
* City of Toronto’s Multi-unit clothes washer study, 1999
Cash incentive amounts 	
Leased washers
Property owners receive $100 cash back for each new HE commercial washer that has been leased and installed in your facility. The route operators with whom you have a valid lease agreement may be eligible to receive $25 per leased washer.
Purchased washers
Receive $125 cash back for the purchase and installation of each new HE commercial washer in your facility.
Who is eligible?
* Owners of multi-unit residential properties
* Public and private institutions with common-area laundries
* Coin laundry stores
* Businesses with on-premise washing machines (i.e. beauty salons, health clubs)
* Route operators with valid lease agreements with participating facilities
Participating facilities must have a City of Toronto water account and a water meter.
Eligible washers
All high-efficiency (HE) front-loading commercial washers are eligible for the cash back offer. Front-loading washers utilize a horizontal-axis design that saves water and energy.
Category:Canada
Category:City Governments
Category:Energy Policy
Category:Ontario
Category:Programs
Category:Toronto