nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
BEVA 371B

== Description ==
[Conservator's Products, Chatham NJ] A variation on the mixture of BEVA® 371. BEVA® 371B is composed of Elvax (500 g), Ketone Resin N (300 g), A-C copolymer (EVA), Cellolyn 21 (40 gl) and paraffin dissolved in 1000 g of toluene.
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Soluble in naphtha, toluene, acetone and ethanol.
* Melting Point = 50-55 C
==Resources and Citations==
* P.Reeves, "Some Techniques of Textile Conservation including the Use of a Vacuum Hot Table: Advances in Chemistry, Series No. 164, 181-188, 1977.
* Book and Paper Group, Paper Conservation Catalog, AIC, 1984, 1989
* Marie Svoboda, Conservation Survey Index, unpublished, 1997
* Meredith Montague, contributed information, 1998
Category:Materials database
BEVA D-8

== Description ==
[Conservator's Products, Chatham NJ] A registered trademark for a nonionic high viscosity adhesive. BEVA® D-8 is an aqueous emulsified mixture of ethylene vinyl acetate. It is used as a wet adhesive and as a hot-melt. BEVA D-8 dries to a clear, colorless film which is not soluble in water.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
BEVA D-8 (sp)
==Risks==
* Talas: MSDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Soluble in xylene, toluene after drying. 
* After prolonged aging, the dry film is also soluble in alcohol
* Appearance = white liquid with slight acetic odor
* Boiling point = 212F (100C)
* Density = 1.06-1.09 g/ml
* pH= 4-5
==Resources and Citations==
* Talas: Website
* Jane Down, Maureen MacDonald, Jean Te'treault, Scott Williams, Adhesive testing at the Canadian Conservation Institute-An evaluation of selected poly(vinyl acetate) and acrylic adhesives., Studies in Conservation, 41, 19-44, 1996
* Conservation Support Systems, Catalog, 1997
Category:Materials database
BEVA Gel

== Description ==
[Conservator's Products, Chatham NJ] A registered trademark for an aqueous dispersion of BEVA® 371. BEVA® Gel contains 25-50% water mixed with ethylene vinyl acetate and acrylic resin in a thixotropic gel. When partially dry, it is a strong contact adhesive often used for the cold lining of paintings. As a dry film, BEVA GEL can be used as a heat-seal adhesive. Spraying with solvent (water, toluene, xylene, iso-propyl alcohol, or ethanol) reverts the dried adhesive back to the gel for and makes it reusable as a contact adhesive.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
BEVA Gel (sp)
==Risks==
Talas: MSDS
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
* Soluble in water, isopropyl alcohol, toluene.
* Boiling point = 212F (100C)
* Density = 1.12 g/ml
* pH = 4-5
* Appearance = beige gel with slight acetic odor
==Resources and Citations==
* Talas: Website
Category:Materials database
BEVA Varnish

== Description ==
[Conservator's Products, Chatham NJ] A registered trademark for a series of transparent synthetic varnishes primarily of cyclohexanone resin. BEVA® varnishes are available in glossy, matte and UV stabilized formulations. The matte varnish contains wax as a matting agent. Both contain a UV absorber and stabilizer.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
BEVA Varnish (sp); BEVA® Matte Varnish; BEVA® Finishing Varnish
==Risks==
* Talas: MSDS BEVA Finishing Varnish
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Advertised as remaining soluble in naphtha and low aromatic solvents after normal exposure to light for 20-30 years.
* Boiling point= 140C
* Density = 0.9 g/ml
* Odor threshold = 2-5 ppm
* Appearance = slightly yellow, transparent liquid
==Resources and Citations==
* Conservator's Products: Matte Varnish and Finishing Varnish
* Conservation Support Systems, Catalog, 1997
* E. Rene de la Rie and Christopher McGlinchey, New Synthetic Resins for Picture Varnishes?, IIC Preprints to the Brussels Congress, pp. 168-173.1
* Robert L. Feller, Standards in the Evaluation of Thermoplastic Resins, Preprints of ICOM in Zabreg (1978), pp. 78/16/4.
Category:Materials database
BHA (formerly RAA and RILA)

= Bibliography of the History of Art =
Web Address 	http://www.rlg.org/cit-bha.html
Postal Address	Research Libraries Group1200 Villa StreetMountain View, CA 94041-1100 USA
Phone 	+1 800 537 7546 (toll free)
Fax 	+1 650 964 0943
Contact 	webmaster@notes.rlg.org
Searchable 	No
Category:Directory
BIAB

= British & Irish Archaeological Bibliography =
Web Address 	http://www.britarch.ac.uk/biab/
Postal Address 	British & Irish Archaeological Bibliographyc/o The British Academy, 10 Carlton House TerraceLondon SW1Y 5AH, England UK
Phone 	+44 (0)20 7969 5223/444
Fax 	+44 (0)20 7969 5300
Contact 	info@biab.ac.uk
Information Online	Bibliographic citations
Searchable 	Yes
Website Languages 	English
== Comments ==
BIAB database available until new service is launched in 2003: http://www.britarch.ac.uk/biab/biabdb.htmlCategory:Directory
BLFD

= Bayerisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege (Bavarian State Office for Historic Preservation)=
"Das Bayerische Landesamt ist die zentrale staatliche Fachbehörde fr Denkmalschutz und Denkmalpflege." "Aufgabe des Landesamtes ist es, die fachgerechte Erhaltung und Erforschung der Denkmler sicherzustellen. Das Landesamt beschafft, bewertet, bearbeitet und vermittelt alle hierzu notwendigen Informationen und setzt ffentliche Fördermittel ein." (from website)
English translation:
The Bavarian State Office is the central government authority for conservation and historic preservation. This is a public funded office whose task is to ensure the proper conservation of the monuments. It handles all aspects of their study and treatment.
Web Address 	http://www.blfd.bayern.de
Postal Address 	Herausgeber
Bayerisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege
Hofgraben 4
80539 München
Phone 	089/21 14-0
Fax 	089/21 14-300
Contact 	postelle@blfd.bayern.de
Searchable 	Yes
Categories 	General
Website Languages	German
== Comments ==
Landesstelle fr nichtstaatliche Museen: LinkCategory:Directory
Category:Directory: General
BL - CC

= British Library Collection Care =
The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. Its Collection Care Department is made up of the following areas: Collection Storage, Collection Security, Conservation, Preservation, Digital Preservation, Research and Training and Development. Major new projects include the newly opened British Library Centre for Conservation at St Pancras and the Storage building under construction at Boston Spa. The Centre for Conservation welcomes visitors for "behind the scenes" tours, to complement the permanent exhibition and the events programme. The British Library Centre for Conservation provides a world-class facility for all aspects of book conservation including education and training, as well as state-of-the art technical facilities for the nation's Sound Archive, enabling unrivalled standards of care for the Library's priceless collections. The Library is now able to offer much-needed training opportunities for conservation professionals as well as allowing the visiting public access through tours of the studios, demonstrations and lectures. (from website)
Web Address 	http://www.bl.uk/aboutus/stratpolprog/collectioncare/discovermore/conservetreat
Postal Address 	Collection Care
The British Library
96 Euston Road NW1 2DB London (United Kingdom)
Phone 	+44 (0)20 7412 7711
Fax 	+44 (0)020 7412 7777
Contact 	conservation@bl.uk
Information Online	Bibliographic citations
Publications viewable online
Archived information
Related links
Searchable 	Yes
Categories 	Research / training
Website Languages 	English
Category:Directory
Category:Directory: Research / training
BNF

= Bibliotheque Nationale de France - Centre technique/ French National Library - Technical centre =
Years after years, the Bibliotheque Nationale de France has developped techniques dedicated to his primary mission of book conservation. To the traditional curative conservation and bookbinding activities, new activities were added concerning preventive conservation, training of personal, digitisation and research. The BNF Technical Centre permits a true scientific approach due to development of analytical techniques, studies of material aging and alteration conditions. 
The Centre consists in two different sections:
1 - Microbiology & environment 
 
Mcrobiological analysis of contaminated books
Sanitary expertise of storage rooms, and also of gifts and bequests
Insects identification
Indoor climate monitoring
Ethylen oxide desinfection 
2 - Chemistry
 
Chemical analysis of the materials and their alteration products
Mechanical tests
Aging tests (light, temperature, relative humidity)
Web Address 	http://www.bnf.fr/fr/professionnels/conservation_a_la_bnf/i.conservation_bnf_laboratoire/s.conservation_bnf_laboratoire_presentation.html?first_Rub=nonwww.bnf.fr/
Postal Address 	14 avenue Gutemberg
77607 BUSSY SAINT-GEORGES CEDEX 03 France
Phone 	33(0)1 53 79 38 36
Contact 	stephane.bouvet@bnf.fr
Searchable 	no
Website Languages	French
Category:Directory
Category:Directory
BON pigment

== Description ==
A large class of azo-type pigments made by combining BON (3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid) with diazotized amines. BON pigments were first synthesized in 1887 and can be made in varying shades of red and violet. BON pigments have poor to good lightfastness and good bleed resistance. They are used in printing inks, plastics, exterior coatings and artists; watercolor paints. 
See also Lithol Rubine, Red lake C, and Permanent Red 2B.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
pigmento BON (It.); 
Examples include: Lithol Rubine; Permanent Red 2B; BON Lake Red; Yellow BON Maroon; Red Lake C; Clarion red; Pigment Scarlet
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|PO046 sun clarion red 212-7150.TIF~FTIR PO46(MFA)|PR048.1 sun barium 2b red 234-3755.TIF~FTIR PR48:1(MFA)|PR048.2 sun calcium 2b red 234-0077.TIF~FTIR PR48:2(MFA)|PR48-2 Red 2b blue b s (magruder rb1193-dc).TIF~FTIR PR48:2 b/s Magruder(MFA)|PR48-2 Red 2B yellow (magruder rb0106-dc).TIF~FTIR PR48:2 yellow Magruder(MFA)|PR048.3 sun strontium red 2b 234-3048.TIF~FTIR PR48:3(MFA)|PR048.4 sun manganese red 234-6485.TIF~FTIR PR48:4(MFA)|PR052.1 sun calcium bon red 218-0640.TIF~FTIR PR52 (MFA)|PR53-1 Red lake C (magruder ry1152-dc).TIF~FTIR PR53 (MFA)|PR57-1 lithol rubine (magruder lr1171-dc).TIF~FTIR PR57 (MFA)|PR060.1 sun pigment scarlet 225-2480.TIF~FTIR PR60 (MFA)]]]
== Comparisons ==
Pigment number	Manufacture	Pigment name 	Manufacture CI number	Comments
PO046 	Magruder 	Clar-All red 	rc1094-dc 	
PO046 	Sun 	clarion red 	212-7150 	
PR048:1 	Sun 	barium 2B red 	234-3755 	
PR048:2 	Sun 	calcium 2B red 	234-0077 	
PR048:2 	Magruder 	Red 2B blue b_s 	rb1193-dc 	
PR048:2 	Magruder 	Red 2B yellow 	rb0106-dc 	
PR048:2 	Sun 	calcium 2B red 	234-0077 	
PR048:3 	Sun 	strontium 2B red	234-3048 	
PR048:4 	Sun 	manganese 2B red	234-6485 	
PR052:1 	Magruder 	BON rubine red 	rl1298-dc 	
PR052:1 	Sun 	calcium bon red 	218-0640 	
PR053:1 	Magruder 	Red Lake C 	ry0422-dc 	
PR053:1 	Magruder 	Red Lake C 	ry1152-dc 	
PR053:1 	Sun 	Red Lake C 	215-5650 	
PR057:1 	Magruder 	lithol rubine 	lr1167-dc 	
PR057:1 	Magruder 	lithol rubine 	lr1171-dc 	
PR057:1 	Sun 	lithol rubine 	219-0707 	
PR060:1 	Sun 	pigment scarlet 	225-2480 	
==Resources and Citations==
* B. Berrie, S.Q. Lomax, 'Azo Pigments: Their History, Synthesis, Properties and Use in Artists' Materials', Studies in the History of Art , National Gallery of Art, Washington DC, No. 57, 1997
Category:Materials database
Babbitt metal

== Description ==
A tin alloy invented in 1839 by Isaac Babbitt for use in steam engines. Babbitt metal provides a low-friction surface for bearings made of cast iron or steel. Several compositions are currently called babbitt metals, such as:
- tin (89%) with small quantities of antimony (7%) and copper (4%)
- tin (9 %) with copper (10%)
- lead (85%) with antimony (15%), arsenic, and tin (5%)
- a mixed tin-lead alloy with antimony and copper.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
babbit metal; white metal
==Resources and Citations==
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: babbitt metal" [Accessed December 11, 2001
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babbitt_metal (Accessed Mar. 20, 2006)
Category:Materials database
Babul

== Description ==
Any of several acacia trees, such as Acacia arabica or Acacia nilotica, that produce gums, dyes, and tannins. Babul gum is similar to gum arabic. A dark brown juice pressed from the fruit of these trees contains about 12% tannins (gallic and tannic acids) and a dark red-brown water soluble dye. The tree bark is also a useful source of tannins and dyes.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Natural Brown 3:3 (bark); Natural Brown 3:4 (pods); babool; bablah; neb-neb; acacia (It.)
==Resources and Citations==
* Helmut Schweppe, Schweppe color collection index and information book Comment: Natural Brown 3:3 from bark and Natural Brown 3:4 from pods
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* F. Crace-Calvert, Dyeing and Calico Printing, Palmer & Howe, London, 1876
Category:Materials database
Babul gum

== Description ==
An obsolete name for gum%20arabic.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
babool; bablah; neb-neb
==Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* F. Crace-Calvert, Dyeing and Calico Printing, Palmer & Howe, London, 1876
Category:Materials database
Backing board

== Description ==
A thin, rigid board that can be made of plastic, foamboard, pressed board, or corrugated%20board. A backing board is placed in the back of frames to protect pictures, mirrors, and documents. Backing boards are also used for partitions in furniture. An often confused term, backboard, refers to the solid matboard used behind a matted work of art on paper.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
backboard
==Resources and Citations==
* The Dictionary of Paper, American Paper Institute, New York, Fourth Edition, 1980
* A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms, Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998
* AMOL reCollections Glossary - http://amol.org.au/recollections/7/b/htm - backboard
Category:Materials database
Backing paper

==Description==
Paper used as a support for another type of material such as foil, fabric, or adhesive. Backing papers may also be used to transfer a design.
== Sources Checked for Data in Record ==
* The Dictionary of Paper, American Paper Institute, New York, Fourth Edition, 1980
* E.J.LaBarre, Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Paper-making, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 1969
Category:Materials database
Bactericide

== Description ==
Any chemical or process that will kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. Other organisms, such as bacteriophages can act as bactericides. Some processes, such as irradiation, will also kill germs. Examples of some chemicals used as antiseptics are hexachlorophene; chlorophenol, and quaternary ammonium salts. 
See also disinfectant.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
germicide; antiseptic; disinfectant; antibiotic; biocide
== Resources and Citations ==
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Badger hair

== Description ==
Soft, silky fibers obtained from the guard hairs of several species of badger from the family Mustelidae, particulary the Eurasian badger (Mele meles). Badger hair is usually white on both ends with a dark band in the middle. High quality badger hairs are produced for artist brushes in China, Asia Minor, the Balkans, and Russia. Badger hairs are used for fan shaped blenders and bushy rounds that are often mounted in quill ferrules (Pinney 1999). Imitation badger hair brushes are made by dyeing less expensive fur fibers, such as ox ear hair. Badger fur has also been used for mats.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Eurasian badger (Mele meles); American badger (Taxidea taxus); brock; Dachs (Deut.); tejón (Esp.); blaireau (Fr.); dassen (Ned.); Borsuk (Pol.); texugo (Port.); grävling (Sven.)
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
* Striped black and white, stiff, conical hairs with belly near point and tapered to thin at butt end. 
* Lengths up to 4 inches (10 cm). 
* Density = 1.09-1.26 g/ml
== Additional Images ==
File:AmericanBadger.jpg|thumb|American Badger, Taxidea taxus
File:badgerhairlarge.jpg|thumb|Badger hair
== Resources and Citations ==
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "badger" [Accessed October 16, 2003].
* Edward Reich, Carlton J. Siegler, Consumer Goods: How to Know and Use Them, American Book Company, New York City, 1937
* F. Kidd, Brushmaking Materials, Bristish Brush Manufacturers, London, 1957
* Zora Sweet Pinney, 'A Handle on the Terms used for Artists' Brushes', unpublished glossary, 1999
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badger (Accessed Oct. 18, 2005)
Category:Materials database
Badigeon

== Description ==
A stiff, pasty mixture used to fill defects in wood and stone. Badigeon is traditionally made from plaster and chalk.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
badigeon (Fr.);
==Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Bagasse

== Description ==
Originally, the term bagasse was applied to any residual fibers from the processing of numerous plants and fruits such as olives, palm nuts, grapes, sisal, sugarcane, and sugar beets. Currently, the term bagasse only refers to the dry, fibrous residue left from the stalks of sugarcane, Saccharum officinarum, after the sugar has been extracted. Bagasse is composed of cellulose (50%), pentosan (25%) and lignin (25%). It is used in the production of paper%20pulp, fiberboards, insulation, acoustical%20tile, and animal feed.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
megass; bagazo (Esp.); Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane); sugar cane; sugar beets
== Risks ==
Dust is flammable. Inhalation of dust may cause pneumonitis or asthma.
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Paper fiber type: Non-woody/grass. Using transmitted light microscopy, fibers are flat and thick-walled with mostly blunt ends. They have the appearance of hardwood fibers. Parenchyma cells are very large, thin-walled and abundant. Heavily pitted long vessels are also present, but may be broken up by pulping. Separated spiral thickenings may be present. Appearance with Graff "C" stain: Dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: length, 1.7mm; width 20μm. Vessels can be up to 2.1mm long and 200μm in width. Common pulping method: mechanical or soda.
== Additional Images ==
File:03712.jpg|Bagasse fibers
File:bagasse_proc_det.jpg|Sugarcane bagasse
File:Bagasse 10x longvessels.jpg|Bagasse paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
File:Bagasse 40x.jpg|Bagasse paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
== Resources and Citations ==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Boise Cascade Paper Group, The Paper Handbook, Boise Cascade, Portland OR, 1989
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* The Dictionary of Paper, American Paper Institute, New York, Fourth Edition, 1980
* Marja-Sisko Ilvessalo-Pfäffli. Fiber Atlas: Identification of Papermaking Fibers (Springer Series in Wood Science). Springer, 1995. 
* E.J.LaBarre, Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Paper-making, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 1969
* Walter Rantanen. "Fiber ID Course." Integrated Paper Services. June 2013. Lecture.
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 970
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Encyclopedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Britannica-Online Comment: "bagasse" [Accessed September 19, 2001].
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Bait

== Description ==
A food or lure used to attract pests usually for the purpose of killing them. Many baits are combined with toxic formulations designed to be eaten by the target, such as Baygon cockroach bait and D-Con for rodents (Zycherman and Schrock 1988). The toxic compounds are often arsenic salts or Bordeaux mixture. Commercial interior baits are commonly used for ants, roaches, flies, and rodents. Specific pheromone lures are used for beetles and moths.
== Risks ==
Often toxic to other species. Once the bait becomes ineffective, it may serve as a food source.
== Resources and Citations ==
* L. Zycherman, J.R. Schrock, A Guide to Museum Pest Control, FAIC, Washington, DC, 1988.
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Lynda A. Zycherman, J.Richard Schrock, A Guide to Museum Pest Control, FAIC and Association of Systematics Collections, Washington DC, 1988
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Baize

== Description ==
A loosely woven cotton or woolen fabric with a napped, felt-like surface. Baize was originally made in Baza, Spain (Tortora and Merkel 1996). It is made from wool, cotton, synthetic fibers, or asbestos that is shrunk, then fluffed to the point that it is difficult to distinguish the weave. Baize is used for papermaking, conveyor belts, absorbent blankets, damping and roofing materials, box liners, and as a cover for the surfaces on game tables. It was also used in old homes to cover doors between a reception room and the kitchen area (Roland and Riley 1981). 
See felt.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
bayeta (Esp.); bay; bayes; baeta; bayette; balleta; valleta; vayeta; woven felt; imitation felt
== Risks ==
* Susceptible to moths.
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* Fairchild's Dictionary of Textiles, Phyllis G.Tortora, Robert S. Merkel (eds.), Fairchild Publications, New York City, 7th edition, 1996
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
* Tom Rowland, Noel Riley, A-Z Guide to Cleaning, Conserving and Repairing Antiques, Constable and Co., Ltd., London, 1981
* Meredith Montague, contributed information, 1998
Category:Materials database