nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Apex Communications

Apex Communications is a London-based lobbying firm and part of the Euro RSCG global network. It is chaired by former senior UK civil servant Sir Robin Young.
==Background==
Apex Communications is a member of the Association of Professional Political Consultants (APPC).
==People==
*Sir Robin Young Chairman
*Ed Owen Director
*Pete Bowyer Director
*Michael Wade Director
*James Drewer Director
*Abigail Melville Consultant
*Branimira Radoslavova Consultant
*Carlo Gibbs Consultant
*Katherine Garrett Junior Consultant
*Clare Hilley Junior Consultant
*James Knight Junior Consultant
*Peter Cannon Researcher
*Noita Sadler Researcher
==Clients==
===2010APPC,"APPC Register Entry for 1 March 2010 to 31 May 2010", acccessed 27.08.10===
A4e | Anchor Trust | British Beer and Pub Association | Clasado | Exploring Islam Foundation | Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority (exclusively media relations advice) | Islamic Foundation | Johnson & Johnson | Kingdom of Bahrain | Muslim Aid | Radical Middle Way | Stanleybet International
===Past clientsApex Communications, "Our Clients", accessed 27.08.10===
The London Paper | HBOS | Competition Commission | Omega | Dr Foster Intelligence | Alliance & Leicester | Lokahi | EMI | Freemans & Grattan | The Human Givens Foundation | Awakening Entertainment | The Campaign for Fair and Local Housing Finance | LTA Tennis Nation | RDS | Stanley Casinos | The Publishers Association | British Council | McKesson | Juniper | Channel 4 | MISYS | Cumbria County Council | Cheshire County Council | Teradata | United Technologies | North West Leicestershire District Council | ReBlackpool | Cadbury | Montagu | The Nuffield Foundation | London Thames Gateway | Connectivity | Sport England | Bimuno | Lord Carter's Review of Legal Aid Procurement | Precise Media
==Contact, Resources, Notes== 
===Contact===
Address: Euro RSCG Apex Communications
Cupola House
15 Alfred Place
London WC1E 7EB
Website: http://www.apexcommunications.com
===Resources===
*Euro RSCG Apex Communications, APPC Register Entry for 1 March 2010 to 31 May 2010
===Notes===
Category:Lobbying firms
Back to Lobbying Portal
ApotheCom Associates, LLC

ApotheCom Associates, LLC is a medical communications agency servicing the research-based pharmaceutical, biotechnology, medical and surgical industries. It provides communication planning and implementation services in support of the commercialisation of new pharmaceutical products including publication planning, medical writing, medical education, meeting planning and logistics, multimedia and Internet services and professional training. It is a subsidiary of Huntsworth Health with offices in Europe and the East and West Coast of the United States.
==People==
==Contact==
:Website: http://www.apothecomhh.com/
==Notes==
Category:Public relations firms
Category: Pharma
Category:Biotech Industry
Category:Pharmaceutical Industry
Appleby

Appleby is a law firm practicing in offshore jurisdictions. It has been labeled a member of the "Offshore Magic Circle". 
"With an unparalleled presence in the key offshore jurisdictions of Bermuda, the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, Guernsey, Isle of Man, Jersey, Mauritius and the Seychelles, the group offers advice on offshore law. We also have offices in the international financial centres of London, Hong Kong, Zurich and Bahrain."Appelby website, accessed March 2011
==Affiliations==
Lobbying groups that Appleby is affiliated to include:
*International Financial Centres Forum
*Cayman Finance
In 2011 it won The Society of Trust and Estate Practitioners (STEP) award for International Legal Team of the Year. STEP Private Client Awards: Winners for 2011/12, acc 26 Sept 2011 
==People==
* Peter Bubenzer - group Managing Partner
* Jeremy Walton, partner (Cayman)
===London===
*Warren Cabral - Managing Partner of the London office and a partner in the Corporate and Commercial department
*David Clark (lawyer) - Partner
*Jeanne Bartlett - Partner in Appleby's Corporate & Commercial group
==Contact==
London office:
2nd Floor
2 Royal Exchange Buildings
London
EC3V 3LF
==References==
Category: Financial sector lobbyingCategory:Tax avoidance
Appointments Commission

The Appointments Commission is the independent organisation which works on behalf of the UK Secretary of State for Health for appointing chairs and non-executive directors to certain NHS organisations and members to the Department of Health.
==About==
It appoints chairs and non-executive directors to these NHS organisations:
* Strategic Health Authorities 
* Primary Care Trusts 
* Ambulance Trusts 
* Mental Health Trusts 
* Hospital Trusts 
* Department of Health Arms Length Bodies 
The commission also recruits members to Department of Health Advisory Bodies and provide non-executive recruitment services for Foundation Trusts and to the boards of public bodies across central Government. The Appointments Commission: 'ensure[s] that the public appointment process is open, fair and impartial and that appointments are based solely on merit.'Appointments Commission. About Us. Accessed 2 October 2009.
==History==
The Commission was established in 2001. It is governed by a board of directors which is directly accountable to the Department of Health.
==People==
Board Members
* Chair Anne Watts CBE 
* Non-Executive David Cain 
* Non-Executive Betty Thayer 
* Non-Executive Jill Robertson 
* Non-Executive Margaret Scott 
* Chief Executive Andrea Sutcliffe 
* Deputy Chief Executive / Director of Appointments Janice Scanlan 
* Director of Training & Events Chris Dye 
* Head of Finance Lynn Shadford 
==Contact==
:Address:
:Appointments Commission
:Blenheim House
:Duncombe Street
:Leeds
:LS1 4PL
:Phone:
:0113 394 2950
:Email:
:info@appointments.org.uk 
:Website:
:http://www.appointments.org.uk/
==Notes==
Category: Big Pharma
Category: Pharma
Apurv Bagri

Apurv Bagri is the Managing Director of the Metdist Ltd. group of mining companies. He is the son of Raj Bagri, former Chairman of the London Metal Exchange, who renounced his House of Lords Peerage in order to secure his non-dom tax status.
==Affiliations==
Novariant Board Member'Novariant Board', Novariant homepage, accessed 24 November 2011 | 
British Invisibles South Asia Committee | 
International Wrought Copper Council Vice Chairman | 
Crown Estate Paving Commission Commissioner, Executive Committee member | 
Asia House Executive Committee member | 
London Business School Member of the Governing Body and Chair of the Asia Pacific Board | 
City University Member of governing council'City University Council Members', City University homepage, accessed 24 November 2011 | 
Dubai Financial Services Authority | 
The Royal Parks Chairman | 
The Royal Parks Foundation Trustee | 
The Insurance Exchange Former Chairman and current board member
==Notes==
Bagri, Apurv
Bagri, Apurv
Bagri, Apurv
Bagri, Apurv
Bagri, Apurv
Bagri, Apurv
Bagri, Apurv
Aquafina

Aquafina claims that its bottled water is the “The taste of purity”, that it makes for a “happy body” and that it is “so pure we promise nothing.”Aquafina, Aquafina, accessed 2 December 2008.Tony Clarke (2005) 'Inside the Bottle: An Expose of the Bottled Water Industry’, Ottawa: The Polaris Institute, p.50.
After much pressure Pepsi Cola announced on July 25 2008 that the labels of Aquafina will be changed to make it clear that Aquafina is simply tap water.CNNMoney.com, Pepsi says Aquafina is tap water, accessed 2 December 2008. Aquafina is taken from municipal water distribution systems and purified. The tap water is run through what Pepsi Co refers to as their “HydRO-7 Purification” treatment. Aquafina suggests, “What could be more perfect than the taste of water? Only one thing, the taste of water after it as gone through out state-of-the-art, seven-step purification process”. Tony Clarke notes, “‘Hyd’ stands for water, RO for reverse osmosis and 7 for the seven steps used to process tap water.”Tony Clarke (2005) 'Inside the Bottle: An Expose of the Bottled Water Industry’, Ottawa: The Polaris Institute, p.40.
The Pepsi Bottling Group (PBG) owns the production and distribution rights to Aquafina - one of the world’s leading bottled water brands. Non-carbonated beverages is the fastest growing category of PBG’s business, and within this category, bottled water, including the Aquafina brand, is its leading beverage.Pepsi Bottling Group,PBG 2007 Annual Report, accessed 2 December 2008. In 2003, Aquafina generated $8.1 billion, or 30 percent of PepsiCo’s $27 billion annual revenues.Tony Clarke (2005) 'Inside the Bottle: An Expose of the Bottled Water Industry’, Ottawa: The Polaris Institute, p.18.
Pepsi Bottling Group (PBG) is the world’s largest manufacturer, seller and distributor of PepsiCola beverages. PBG was incorporated in 1999 as a subsidiary of PepsiCo Inc.Pepsi Bottling Group, PBG 2007 Annual Report, accessed 2 December 2008. PBG has approximately 70,000 employees and annual sales of nearly $14 billion. PBG’s 2008 gross profit was $6.2 billionPepsi Bottling Group, PBG 2007 Annual Report, accessed 2 December 2008. Operations are based in the US, Canada, Mexico, Russia, Spain, Turkey and Greece.Pepsi Bottling Group, Financial Press Releases: The Pepsi Bottling Group Reports Third Quarter 2008 Results, accessed 2 December 2008. PBG reported third quarter 2008 revenue of $3.8 billion – a 2 percent increase over 2007. 
==References==
Category:Water: Industry
Category: Water
Ara Darzi

Ara Darzi, Lord Darzi of Denham was Under-Secretary of State (Lords) at the Department of Health from 2007-2009. He was charged with leading a Review to determine the course of the NHS over the decade ahead. In November 2010 he was appointed as a Business Ambassador for the UK by Prime Minister David Cameron.
Dazri is a Labour life peer in the House of Lords, joining in July 2007.
In 2009 Darzi was ranked by the Health Service Journal as the second most powerful person in healthcare. Health Service Journal Top 100, accessed 10 April 2015.
==Revolving door==
In May 2010 Lord Darzi became a member of the Healthy Imagination Advisory Group of GE Healthcare, the medical technology unit of General Electric.ACOBA, Appointments taken up my former ministers, accessed Dec 2010 The role was approved by ACOBA, who saw "no reason why he should not take up the appointment forthwith, on the basis that he would not draw on any privileged information which was available to him as a Minister, subject to the condition that, for 12 months after leaving office, he should not become personally involved in lobbying Government on behalf of his new employer." Twelfth Report 2010-2011 Advisory Committee on Business Appointments, accessed 3 December 2014 
ACOBA saw "no reason why he should not take up the [following] appointment[s] forthwith":
*Member Advisory and Search Committee, Khalifa University of Science, August 2010
*Adviser on healthcare reform, Government of Kuwait, August 2010
*Health and scientific adviser, Government of Qatar, January 2011
==Affiliations==
 Lord Darzi of Denham Parliament.UK, accessed 14 January 2015 
*Director, Ara Darzi Ltd (health) 
*Paul Hamlyn Chair, Academic Health Science Centre, Imperial College, London
*Chair, Scientific Committee, Qatar Robotic Surgery Centre
*Member, ‘healthymagination’ Advisory Board, GE Healthcare Board (General Electric)
*Member, Supreme Council of Health, Qatar
*Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
*Member, International Advisory Board, Ministry of Health, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
*Member, Singapore Biomedical Sciences Review Panel
*Member, Biomedical Sciences International Advisory Council (BMS IAC), Singapore
*Member, Advisory Board, Qatar Foundation
==Resources==
See: The Corporate Capture of the NHS
*Tamasin Cave, The privatising cabal at the heart of our NHS Spinwatch, 1 April 2015.
==References==
Darzi, Ara
Darzi, Ara
Darzi, Ara
Darzi, Ara
Darzi, Ara
Arab Learning Initiative

Arab Learning Initiative describes itself as a non profit 'venture philanthropy' organisation.
==People==
===Board of Trustees===
Arab Learning Initiative currently has three trustees: Tarek Ben Halim, Laila Iskander and Julia Middleton. Below is a brief about each one of them.
*Tarek M. Ben Halim is Trustee and founder of ALI. Between 1980 and 2003 Mr. Ben Halim worked at Goldman Sachs; JP Morgan and Credit Suisse First Boston. Currently Mr. Ben Halim is a non-Executive Director of the MAF Group in Dubai, an Advisor to BP and Goldman Sachs. He is a Trustee of Common Purpose International. Mr. Ben Halim received an MBA from Harvard University and a BSc from Warwick University.
*Julia Middleton is Trustee of ALI and the Founder and Chief Executive of Common Purpose; an organisation which aims to improve the way society works by increasing the number of informed individuals who are actively involved in shaping the future of the area in which they live and work. Besides operating in the UK, Common Purpose international has expanded to work in Sweden, Germany, Ireland, The Netherlands and South Africa and is currently developing programmes in India. She is trustee of the Impetus Trust.
*Laila Iskandar is Trustee of ALI and Managing Director of Community and Institutional Development, a company providing services such as consulting, training and research to non-governmental, governmental and business organisations. She is founder and member of several organisations in Egypt, and is especially renowned for her work to empower and improve the livelihoods of women in the garbage collectors' community in Cairo.
Aras Habib

Aras Karim Habib is INC's intelligence chief who fled Iraq before being served a warrant for passing classified US documents to Iran. He has long been suspected of spying for Iran. According to Vincent Cannistraro, Habib was the person who supplied the German intelligence with Curveball, the con-man on whose false testimony the Bush administration based its case about Iraq's non-existent mobile biological weapons labs.Jane Mayer, The Manipulator, New Yorker, 7 June 2004
Saddam Hussein's regime allegedly ordered Omar Ismael to get close to him in 2000. Habib claimed to have been told that Hussein offered 40 million dinars for his death.Torturer lays bare Saddam's death machine, by Marie Colvin, Sunday Times, 14 January 2001.
Intelligence Newsletter describes his background as follows:
::Son of the former secretary -general of the Democratic Party of Kurdistan, he studied in Baghdad before espousing fundamentalist Shi'ite ideas shortly after Khomenei came to power in Tehran. Due to his religious activism, Karim was forced to leave the country and take refuge in Iran, where he joined the Psadarans' Ramadan Force unit. It carried out numerous operations inside Iraq. When Kurdish zone was created in the early 1990s he joined Massud Barzani's Democratic Party of Kurdistan. He enrolled in its intelligence service headed by Karim Sanjani, to later establish ties with the CIA and the Turkish secret service MIT.Aras Karim (Iraq), Intelligence Newsletter, 22 February 2001.
==References==
Habib, Aras
Archbishop of Canterbury

The Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior Bishop in the Church of England and the president of the Anglican Communion.Roles and priorities, Archbishop of Canterbury, accessed 23 March 2013. The Archbishop holds a seat in the House of Lords as one of the Lords Spiritual.Society & Community, Archbishop of Canterbury, accessed 23 March 2013.
==Recent Archbishops of Canterbury==
*Randall Thomas Davidson 1903-1928
*William Cosmo Gordon Lang 1928-1942
*William Temple 1942-1945
*Geoffrey Francis Fisher 1945-1961
*Arthur Michael Ramsey 1961-1974
*Donald Coggan 1974-1980
*Robert Runcie 1980-1991
*George Carey 1991-2002
*Rowan Williams 2002-2012
*Justin Welby 2013-The Archbishops from Augustine to Welby, Archbishop of Canterbury, accessed 23 March 2013.
==Notes==
Category:Christian ChurchCategory:Anglican ClergyCategory:House of Lords
Archibald Hamilton

Archibald Hamilton (Lord Hamilton of Epsom) is a life peer in the House of Lords. He became a Conservative Party member of the Lords in June 2005. Lord Hamilton of Epsom www.parliament.uk, accessed 5 December 2014 
==Declared interests==
===Gifts, benefits and hospitality===
As vice patron of the Defence Forum attends dinners at the Houses of Parliament sponsored by the Defence Forum and paid for by defence industry sponsors 
===Directorships===
*Non-executive director, Jupiter Dividend and Growth Trust PLC (investment trust)
*Director, IREF Global Holdings (Bermuda) Ltd (property fund)
*Director, MSB Ltd (management consultancy)
*Director, IREF Australian Holdings (Bermuda) Ltd (property fund)
*Director, AREF Holdings (Bermuda) Ltd (property fund)
*Director, Sovereign Business Jets (subsidiary of AYR Group Ltd)
When asked by the Wall Street Journal about his interests, Hamilton explained, "I am a director of Jupiter Dividend and Growth, which is a split level investment trust. JDGT is managed by Jupiter Asset Management, who provide financial services. I am not a director of JAM and therefore not in the business of providing financial services". Despite this, in its corporate filings, JDGT classifies itself under the rubric of "financial activities." House of Lords Wall Street Journal, accessed 19 December 2014 
==Notes==
Hamilton, Archibald Hamilton, ArchibaldHamilton, ArchibaldHamilton, Archibald
Archie Robertson

Archie Robertsonwas the director of operations at the Environment Agency and CEO of the Highways Agency.
Since then he has held roles at Capita Symonds, ASI Solutions Ltd, David MacBayne Transport and Ferry Group and Acumen7.
==Career==
Robertson was appointed director of operations at the Environment Agency, from its inception in 1996 to 2003, where he was responsible for major infrastructure including the Thames Barrier and building new flood defences throughout England and Wales. Capita Symonds appoints Archie Robertson Capita Symonds, 4 June 2009, accessed 2 December 2014 
Between 2003 and 2008 was CEO of the Highways Agency, he introduced the Traffic Officer Service to England's motorways in 2004 and the use of the motorway hard shoulder to cut congestion. Former Highways Agency chief joins acumen7 Acumen7, accessed 2 December 2014 
In 2009 he was appointed non-executive director of Capita Symonds Ltd and ASI Solutions Ltd. Eleventh Report 2009-2010 Advisory Committee on Business Appointments, accessed 2 December 2014 
In 2010 he joined consultancy Acumen7 and was chief executive of David MacBayne Transport and Ferry Group until 2012. Archie Robertson OBE joins CGMA Board New Covent Garden, 29 July 2013, accessed 2 December 2014 
==Revolving door==
*Non-executive director, Capita Symonds Ltd, June 2009. Given "unconditional approval" by ACOBA to take up the role.
*Non-executive director, ASI Solutions Ltd, September 2009. Given "unconditional approval" by ACOBA to take up the role.
==Notes==
Robertson, ArchieRobertson, Archie
Archy Kirkwood

Archy Kirkwood (Lord Kirkwood of Kirkhope) is a former Liberal Democrats member of parliament for Roxburgh, Berwickshire and Selkirk from 1983 until 2005 Archy Kirkwood Liberal Democrats, accessed 19 December 2014 , when he was made a peer in the House of Lords, joining on the 10 June.
==Parliament==
Kirkwood held the seat of Roxburgh, Berwickshire and Selkirk, a Liberal Democrats stronghold, for twenty-two years before his retirement consistently polling over 45% of the vote. Berwickshire, Roxburgh and Selkirk constituency Guardian, accessed 19 December 2014 
During his time in parliament he was the Liberal Democrat Chief Whip from 1992 to 1997. Lord Kirkwood of Kirkhop Parliament.UK, accessed 19 December 2014 
==Interests==
*Member, Advisory Board, GovNet Communications (publisher and event organiser)
*Member, Lloyd's Enforcement Board Tribunal Panel (Lloyd's of London)
*Chair, Board of Trustees, General Medical Council Pension Scheme
*Chair of General Pharmaceutical Council's ad hoc Advisory Committee on Fitness to Practise
*Work with Global Partners and Associated Ltd in respect of their Foreign and Commonwealth Office contract to provide mentoring and training for parliamentarians and their staff in emerging democracies
==Contact==
:Email: kirkwooda@parliament.uk
==Notes==
Kirkwood, ArchyKirkwood, ArchyKirkwood, ArchyKirkwood, Archy
Ardeshir Naghshineh

Ardeshir Naghshineh is the founder of Norwich based property company Targetfollow Group.
==Career==
Naghshineh originally trained as a civil engineer in London and worked on projects such as the Thames Barrier.
In 1992 he started property company. Targetfollow Group. It now has a portfolio valued at over £1billion, containing over sixty investments in office, industrial and retail buildings. Ardeshir Naghshineh Crazy Billionaire, accessed 20 February 2015 
===Administration===
In 2010 Targetfollow faced administration for an unpaid loan of £230million. However, Naghshineh appealed to local MPs and candidates, including Richard Bacon, Norman Lamb, Chloe Smith and Simon Wright to help negotiate more time from Lloyds Banking Group. Laura Chesters Norfolk MPs step in to bring Targetfollow back from the brink Property Week, 23 July 2010, accessed 20 February 2015 
==Political Donations==
Recorded by the Electoral Commission:
Date
Name of donor
Amount
Donated to
Subsidiary (parties only)
20/06/2007
Ardeshir Naghshineh
£25,000.00
Conservative Middle East Council
25/01/2008
Ardeshir Naghshineh
£100,000.00
Conservative Middle East Council
10/04/2008
Ardeshir Naghshineh
£9,000.00
Conservative Middle East Council
28/08/2011
Ardeshir Naghshineh
£10,000.00
Liberal Democrats
North Norfolk & Great Yarmouth
21/09/2013
Ardeshir Naghshineh
£4,950.00
Liberal Democrats
North Norfolk & Great Yarmouth
 Electoral Commission, Donation Search, accessed 20 February 2015 
==Notes==
Naghshineh, Ardeshir
Arfan Khan

|300px|thumb|right|Arfan Khan, Source: People Check
Arfan Khan is a barrister at LAMB Chambers in London, and was previously at 4-5 Gray's Inn Square chambers until March 2016. Arfan Khan, 4-5 Grays inn square, accessed 27 April 2015 
==Representing counterjihad activists==
In February 2015 the British court of appeal upheld a ban by UK home secretary Theresa May preventing Pamela Geller and another anti-Islam colleague Robert Spencer from entering the country in June 2013. The two had challenged this ruling in June 2014, represented by barrister Arfan Khan. Court of Appeal grants permission to appeal in the free speech appeal of Pamela Geller and Robert Spencer, 4 June 2014, accessed 10 February 2015 
In 2010 Khan acted as counsel to anti-Muslim Dutch politician Geert Wilders in his appeal against the British Home Office's refusal to allow Wilders to enter the UK.
==Cases==
*Patten LJ, Tomlinson LJ and Floyd LJ in Geller & Anor, R (on the application of) v The Secretary of State for the Home Department [2015] EWCA Civ 45, [2015] All ER (D) 54.
==Notes==
Khan, ArfanKhan, Arfan
Ari Soffer

Ari Soffer has worked for the JNF UK in communications and marketing since August 2012.Ari Sofer profile, LinkedIn, accessed 8 February 2013 In 2012 he was also director of the British Israel Coalition along with Sam Westrop.Ari Soffer profile, Times of Israel, accessed 8 February 2013
He is also a trustee of a registered charity (number 1143578) called British Friends of the Land of Israel.British Friends of the Land of Israel - Trustees, Charity Commission, accessed 8 February 2013
===Contact===
*LinkedIn Ari Soffer - Archived 9 December 2020.
==Notes==
Category:Israel Lobby
Arie Arazi

Arie Arazi is the Israeli ambassador to the Czech RepublicDemocracy and Security Conference, List of Participants, Accessed 25-February-2009. He is also head of Mashav and in 2005 attended a conference in Israel on Migration and Gender Issues within the Millennium Development GoalsMigration and Gender Issues within the Millennium Development Goal, Conference Details, Accessed 28-February-2009. 
==Affiliations==
Democracy and Security International Conference, Attendee Democracy and Security Conference, List of Participants, Accessed 25-February-2009. | Mashav
==Notes==
 
Arazi, Arie|Arazi, Arie