nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Charles Farra

__NOTOC__ 
Charles Farra is a director of international sales for CME Group. He is responsible for leading international sales efforts across all CME Group asset classes to drive volume growth and expand the CME's global client base. 
== Background ==
Before joining the company in 2002, Farra gained 22 years of brokerage and proprietary trading firm experience, focusing on institutional customers in the Asian region and proprietary trading operations in the U.S. He worked for Cargill from 1981 to 1998.
== Education ==
He earned a bachelor's degree in marketing from Indiana University and an MBA in finance from DePaul University. 
== References ==	
Category:CME Group
Category:Cargill - Former Employees
Charles Gerstenberg

__NOTOC__ 
Charles Gerstenberg was a Chicago-based grain commission merchant and a founding member of the Chicago Board of Trade.
== Background ==
Gerstenberg founded Gerstenberg & Company, a commercial grain company, in 1856 in Chicago. His sons Adolph and Erich later worked for the company. Gerstenberg & Company was sometimes referred to as "The House of Gerstenberg."
In book about the history of the CBOT, Gerstenberg is referred to as Carl Gerstenberg.
== References ==
Category:CBOT Founding Members
Charles Gregson

__NOTOC__ 
Charles Gregson is non-executive chairman of NEX Group, formerly ICAP plc. He was appointed in 2001. 
In July of 2017, after pressure from shareholders, Gregson agreed to reimburse NEX Group for the 25,000 pounds ($28,500) that it donated to five members of parliament contesting seats against Liberal Democrats in the previous month's U.K. election. 
== Background ==
Between 1978 and 1998, Gregson was responsible for the Garban businesses that demerged from United Business Media plc in 1998 and then merged with Intercapital in 1999 to form ICAP. He was previously chief executive of PR Newswire Association Inc and served on the boards of United Business Media plc, Provident Financial plc, MAI plc and International Personal Finance plc. 
He is also the non-executive chairman of CPP Group Plc and is a non-executive director of Caledonia Investments plc.
== Education ==
Gregson holds an MA in History and Law from Trinity Hall, Cambridge University. 
== References ==
Charles I. Plosser

Charles I. Plosser became the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia's tenth president and chief executive officer on Aug. 1, 2006. 
Plosser has lectured to academic and business audiences worldwide on topics ranging from management education to economic and public policy issues. The author of numerous academic articles and a participant in scores of professional seminars and conferences, Plosser has also served as co-editor or associate editor of three prestigious journals of economics. His research and teaching interests include topics on monetary and fiscal policy, long-term economic growth, and banking and financial markets, and his articles have appeared in numerous leading economic journals.
His research and teaching interests include topics on monetary and fiscal policy, long-term economic growth, and banking and financial markets, and his articles have appeared in numerous leading economic journals.
== Background ==
Before coming to Philadelphia, Plosser was the John M. Olin Distinguished Professor of Economics and Public Policy and director of the Bradley Policy Research Center at the William E. Simon Graduate School of Business Administration, where he also served as dean from 1993 to 2003. He was also a professor of economics in the department of economics at the University of Rochester, a senior research associate at the Rochester Center for Economic Research in the university's College of Arts and Science, and a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He has also been a visiting scholar at the Bank of England and the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
Plosser has served as a consultant to numerous corporations, including Chase Manhattan Bank, Eastman Kodak Company, and The Wyatt Company, on topics ranging from strategic planning and forecasting to portfolio and pension fund management, capital budgeting, and financial analysis. He has served as an advisory board member of the Rochester New Enterprise Forum, the Metropolitan Advisory Board of Chase Manhattan Bank, and the University Technology Seed Fund, LLC.
Plosser served as chairman of the board of directors of the Consortium for Graduate Study in Management from 1995 to 1997. From 1996 to 2000, he served on the board of directors of ViaHealth, Inc., where he also served as secretary, member of the executive committee, and chair of the governance committee.
== Education ==
Plosser earned Ph.D. and MBA degrees from the University of Chicago, and a bachelor of engineering degree (cum laude with honors) from Vanderbilt University.
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia
Category:Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia
Category:Federal Reserve System
Charles Jones

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Professor Jones is the Robert W. Lear Professor of Finance and Economics, Finance and Economics Division at the Columbia Business School of Columbia University. 
Jones' research focuses broadly on transaction costs, frictions, and market liquidity. He is noted for his research on short sales, and has recently published articles in finance and economics journals on short selling, minimum price increments in the stock markets, and transaction costs. 
He is studying the evolution of transaction costs over the past 100 years, restrictions on short sales imposed in the 1930's, and why venture capital valuations are so low. In 2000, he was awarded the Singhvi Prize for scholarship in the classroom. 
== Background ==
== Education ==
Jones received a S.B. in Finance from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Ph.D. in Mathematics from the University of Michigan School of Business Administration.
== References ==
Category:Educators
Charles L. Evans

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Charles L. Evans is the ninth president and chief executive officer of the Seventh District Federal Reserve Bank, at Chicago. He took office on Sept. 1, 2007. In 2009, he joined the Federal Open Market Committee as a voting member.
In April 2022 the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago announced that Evans would retire in early 2023 and that the Chicago Fed’s board of directors had formed a search committee and to find his successor.
In 2012, he served as an alternate voting member of the FOMC.
== Background ==
Evans was previously director of research and a senior vice-president at the Chicago Fed and supervised its Consumer and Community Affairs unit and its public affairs department. He has also taught at the University of Chicago and the University of Michigan.
In August 2011, Evans publicly supported an increase in U.S. monetary stimulus.
== Evans Rule ==
On Dec. 12, 2012 the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) put into play what many called the "Evans Rule."
Evans had put forth a proposal that the Fed should promise not to tighten until the economy hit key economic thresholds.
Upon conclusion of the December 2012 FOMC meeting, rather than the Fed promising to keep rates low until an arbitrary date, the promise was to keep rates low until the U.S. economy hit either a 6.5 percent unemployment or 2.5 percent inflation rate.
In particular, the FOMC said in its statement that it had decided to "keep the target range for the federal funds rate at 0 to 1/4 percent and currently anticipates that this exceptionally low range for the federal funds rate will be appropriate at least as long as the unemployment rate remains above 6-1/2 percent, inflation between one and two years ahead is projected to be no more than a half percentage point above the Committee’s 2 percent longer-run goal, and longer-term inflation expectations continue to be well anchored. The Committee views these thresholds as consistent with its earlier date-based guidance."
== Education ==
*Ph. D., Economics, Carnegie-Mellon University
*B.S., Economics, University of Virginia
== Resources ==
* Papers Written By Charles L. Evans
== References ==
Category:Chicago Federal Reserve
Category:Federal Reserve
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Charles Marston

__NOTOC__ 
Charles Marston is a co-founder of Calypso Technology, where he serves as chairman and CEO of the firm.
== Background ==
Marston co-founded Calypso in 1997 with Kishore Bopardikar.
Marston worked at Infinity Financial Technology before founding Calypso. His roles at Infinity included president and chairman. He also worked at Bank of America in the trading and capital markets area. 
== Education ==
Marston has a Ph.D. in Economics from University of California at Berkeley.
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Calypso
Category:Calypso
Category:CEOs
Charles Mosley

__NOTOC__ 
Charles Mosley was vice president and head trader of Sentinel Management Group, a cash management firm offering services to futures commission merchants, funds and individual investors that went bankrupt and collapsed in 2007. Sentinel Management is currently under investigation by the CFTC and NFA.
In June 2012, Mosley and Sentinel CEO Eric Bloom were indicted on 20 counts of fraud in connection with the Sentinel bankruptcy. According to the complaint, between 2003 and 2007, Mosley and Bloom falsely represented the risks associated with Sentinel's investment strategy and its securities holdings. The suit alleges that the two used customer collateral to purchase high-risk securities such as collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) and other illiquid assets. 
In October 2013, Mosley pleaded guilty on two counts of investment adviser fraud in exchange for an agreement to cooperate with prosecutors in their case against Bloom.
== Background ==
== Education ==
== References ==
Charles P. Nastro

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Charles Paul Nastro is an attorney and former financial services executive who was a managing director of Lehman Brothers. Before Lehman, Nastro was with Shearson Lehman Brothers Inc.
In 2005, Nastro was inducted into the Futures Industry Association's Futures Hall of Fame, which was established in 2005 to commemorate outstanding contributions to the global futures and options community.
== Background ==
Nastro was the co-head of the futures division at Lehman Brothers for many years and chairman of the board of directors of National Futures Association from 1998-2004. He served on the FIA board and was also was one of the early presidents of the FIA Law & Compliance Division and has been involved in numerous FIA projects.{ 
Nastro served on several exchange boards of directors in both New York and Chicago, including as chairman of the board of the Coffee, Sugar and Cocoa Exchange. He also served on the board of directors and executive committee of the New York Cotton Exchange. He served as the first chairman of the the Commodity Futures Clearing Corp of New York ("CFCCNY"). He served on the board of the Chicago Board of Trade from 1997 to 1999 as a "non-resident" directors and was quoted in an article in The Washington Post about the independence of exchange directors as saying he could not "recall a single vote in which he was in the majority."
He was a member of the American Bar Association and the Association of Bar of City of New York. 
He served on the Managed Futures Association board directors in 1992.
== Education ==
Nastro holds a Bachelor of Arts from Fordham University and a Bachelor of Laws from University Virginia.
== Registration ==
*
== References ==	
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Futures Hall of Fame Members
Category:FIA - Former Board Members
Category:Former Exchange Chairmen
Category:CBOT - Former Board Members
Category:CSC - Former Board Members
Category:NFA - Former Board Members
Category:NFA - Former Board Chairman
Charles Ponzi

__NOTOC__ 
Charles Ponzi duped thousands of New England residents into investing in a postage stamp speculation scheme in the 1920s. He thought he could take advantage of differences between U.S. and foreign currencies used to buy and sell international mail coupons. 
Ponzi, who is said to have sailed from Italy to America in 1903 when he was in his early 20s, told investors that he could provide a 40 percent return in just 90 days compared with 5 percent for bank savings accounts. Ponzi was deluged with funds from investors, taking in $1 million during one three-hour period. Though a few early investors were paid off to make the scheme look legitimate, an investigation found that Ponzi had only purchased about $30 worth of the international mail coupons.
The scheme wasn't the first time Ponzi tried to bilk unsuspecting individuals, however. In 1909, Ponzi was convicted of forgery in events surrounding the collapse of the Montreal banking firm of Zrossi & Co., of which he was a member. For this crime he was sentenced to a three-year term in the St. Vincent De Paul Penitentiary in Montreal.
To this day, the term "Ponzi scheme" is used to describe a scam where money from new investors is used to pay off earlier investors until the whole scheme collapses.
 
== Background ==
== Education ==
== References ==
Charles Prince

__NOTOC__ 
Charles Prince is a former CEO and chairman of Citigroup. He took over in 2003 as CEO, succeeding Sandy Weill, and served as chairman from 2006 to 2007. 
Previously he served as chairman and CEO of Citigroup's Global Corporate and Investment Bank from 2002 to 2003, chief operating officer from 2001 to 2002, and chief administrative officer from 2000 to 2001. 
== Background ==
Prince began his career as an attorney at U.S. Steel Corporation in 1975, and in 1979 joined Commercial Credit Company (a predecessor company to Citigroup) where he held various management positions until 1995, when he was named executive vice president. He is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and The Business Council. He is also on the Board of Trustees of The Julliard School and The Weill Cornell Medical College.
== Education ==
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Citigroup
Charles R. Schwab

__NOTOC__ 
Charles R. Schwab is the founder and chairman of The Charles Schwab Corporation. He launched the company in 1971 as a traditional brokerage company and in 1974 pioneered the discount brokerage business. He was also the CEO for many years, but stepped down from that post in 2008, and currently owns about a 13% stake in the company.
Schwab is also chairman of the Charles and Helen Schwab Foundation, a private foundation that makes grants to nonprofit organizations selected by the foundation's board and executive staff.
== Background ==
Schwab started out in the investment newsletter industry in 1963 with a publication called Investment Indicator. He launched his discount brokerage firm in 1975, after the Securities and Exchange Commission abolished fixed brokerage commissions, enabling companies such as Schwab to offer stock trades at much lower commission prices than competitors such as Merrill Lynch. This made stock trading affordable for smaller investors. He started the firm with $100,000 borrowed from an uncle.
In 1983, Bank of America bought the company for $55 million, but Schwab bought it back in July 1987 and then took the company public for $280 million.
Schwab battled with dyslexia as a child, at a time when not much was known about it. He only found a name for his condition much later, when his son was diagnosed with it. He and his wife started the Schwab Foundation for Learning to help parents and teachers of children with learning difficulties including dyslexia, attention deficit disorder, and others.
== Education ==
== References ==
Charles Randell

__NOTOC__ 
Charles David Randell CBE (born June 1958) is a British lawyer and financial regulator who served as the chairman of the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and the Payment Systems Regulator (PSR) from April 2018 to October 2021.
== Career ==
Randell began his legal career at Slaughter and May in 1980, becoming a partner in 1989. He specialized in corporate finance law and worked on financial stability and bank restructuring assignments. During his time at the firm, Randell advised HM Treasury on several high-profile cases during the 2008 financial crisis, including the resolutions of Northern Rock, Bradford & Bingley, and the Icelandic banks, as well as the government's investments in RBS and Lloyds/HBOS.
From 2014 to 2016, Randell was a non-executive director and chair of the Audit and Risk Committee for the Department of Energy and Climate Change. From 2014 to 2017, he undertook consulting work related to legal risk management outside the financial services sector.
After leaving Slaughter and May in 2013, Randell held various positions in financial regulation and governance:
* External member of the Prudential Regulation Committee at the Bank of England (2013-2018)
* Non-Executive Director and Chair of Audit and Risk Committee at the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
* Chairman of the Financial Conduct Authority (April 2018 - October 2021)
* Chairman of the Payment Systems Regulator (April 2018 - October 2021)
=== FCA Chairmanship ===
Randell was appointed as chairman of the FCA and PSR in April 2018 for a five-year term. During his tenure, he supported the transformation of the FCA into a data-led regulator, advocating for the use of new data and digital capabilities to enhance regulatory efficiency and effectiveness.
In October 2021, Randell unexpectedly resigned from his position as FCA chairman, cutting short his five-year term. His resignation came during a period of challenges for the regulator, including issues with staff morale and criticism over its handling of several financial scandals. He was succeeded by Richard Lloyd who became interim chair.{{cite web|url=https://www.fnlondon.com/articles/fca-chair-charles-randell-resigns-20211015|name=FCA chair Charles Randell resigns in shock move amid staff morale crisis|org=Financial News|date=July 18, 2024}]
=== Honors and Current Work ===
Randell was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2016 New Year Honours for services to Financial Stability and Climate Change Policy.
Following his departure from the FCA, Randell has worked as a Visiting Fellow in financial services regulation at Queen Mary University of London. He has also been active in advocating for increased efforts to address financial exclusion in the UK. 
== Education ==
Randell received his MA from Trinity College, Oxford and completed his Solicitors' Final Examination at the College.
== References ==	
Category:Lawyers
Category:UK FCA - Former Employees
Category:Former Regulators
Charles Randolph

__NOTOC__ 
Charles Randolph was a Chicago businessman who was the president of the Chicago Board of Trade in 1865.
== Background ==
Randolph also served as secretary of the CBOT from 1869 to 1184. He was succeeded as secretary by George Stone.
== Education ==
== References ==	
Category:Deceased
Category:Former CBOT Officials
Category:Presidents of the Chicago Board of Trade
Category:Former Exchange Presidents
Charles Scharf

__NOTOC__ 
Charlie Scharf was named CEO and president of Wells Fargo in September 2019, and will start the post on October 21, 2019. 
Prior to joining Wells Fargo, he served as CEO of BNY Mellon from 2017 to 2019. 
== Background ==
Before joining Wells Fargo and BNY Mellon, he served as chief executive officer of Visa Inc. starting on Nov. 1, 2012, succeeding Joseph W. Saunders. Scharf held the job for four years. Scharf was previously the head of retail banking at JPMorgan Chase. 
Scharf served on Visa's board from 2007 to January 2011. He was a longstanding associate of JPMorgan’s chief executive Jamie Dimon, having followed Dimon from Citigroup to Bank One, until Bank One's merger with JPMorgan Chase in 2004.
After 13 years at Citi and its affiliated companies - Travelers Group, Salomon Smith Barney and Primerica - Scharf was appointed chief financial officer of Bank One in 2000.
== Education ==
Scharf holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from Johns Hopkins University and an MBA degree from New York University. He is currently on the Board of Trustees for Johns Hopkins University. 
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Category:Visa Inc.
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.

Charles Schwab & Co., Inc., is a registered broker-dealer subsidiary of The Charles Schwab Corporation. It is a member of SIPC. 
Charles Schwab Bank and Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. are separate but affiliated companies and subsidiaries of The Charles Schwab Corporation. Charles Schwab Bank is a licensed mortgage broker and not a securities broker-dealer or investment advisor. Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. is not a mortgage broker or lender. 
== History ==
The Charles Schwab Corporation was named to the lists of Top Workplaces in Chicago and Austin in The Chicago Tribune and The Austin American-Statesman. The "Top Workplaces" program is conducted by WorkplaceDynamics, an independent research firm in partnership with local publications across the U.S. Companies in the two cities qualified for recognition based on employee feedback through a survey.
In August 2011 the firm sued 11 major banks claiming they conspired to manipulate the London Interbank Offered Rate (Libor), a borrowing benchmark used to set interest rates. Schwab brought two lawsuits against the banks alleging a conspiracy in which the banks artificially deflated the numbers used to calculate the benchmark, throwing off interest rates for securities based on the Libor and depriving investors of returns they should have earned.
Charles Schwab & Co introduced a credit card, the Invest First Visa, in late 2008. It offered 2 percent cash back on all purchases and no annual fee, but customers were required to open a Schwab brokerage account to collect the rebates if they did not already have one. The card was not profitable, however, and Schwab ceased issuing it in 2010. 
== TD Ameritrade acquisition ==
Charles Schwab Corporation acquired TD Ameritrade Holding Corp., a publicly-traded company, in a deal that closed on October 6, 2020. The deal was valued at $26 billion. Toronto Dominion Bank, which owned 43% of TD Ameritrade at the time of the announcement, received shares in the combined company. Like Schwab, TD Ameritrade provides brokerage and technology services in securities, futures, options and FX to retail investors, traders and independent registered investment advisors. 
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
*Charles Schwab, Chairman
*Walter Bettinger, CEO
== References ==
Charles Taylor

__NOTOC__ 
Charles Taylor is deputy comptroller for capital and regulatory policy at the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC). 
Taylor is also the chair of the standards implementation group for the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. He was named to the position in October of 2012. He is also deputy comptroller for regulatory policy for the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. 
== Background ==
Prior to joining the OCC, Taylor served as director of the Financial Reform Project at the Pew Charitable Trusts.
From 2002 to 2008, Taylor was director, operational risk at the Risk Management Association and a member of the association’s leadership team. Before 2002, he was managing director strategy development at the Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation in New York and immediately prior to that, head of the global risk management practice at Andersen Consulting. As Executive Director of the Group of Thirty in the first half of the 1990s, he authored several studies, spoke widely, and advised government and industry on issues of public policy and private practice in financial services.
Taylor started his career at the World Bank in 1973.
 
== Education ==
He has degrees from Oxford and Cambridge in economics and mathematics and from the University of Pennsylvania in business. He is a Fellow at the Financial Institutions Center at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Basel Committee on Banking Supervision