nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Agora-X, LLC

Agora-X, LLC was a wholly owned subsidiary of INTL FCStone Inc. that launched in 2008 and was then bought by Nasdaq OMX. It was an institutional electronic communications network (ECN) for over-the-counter commodity contract trading. Their platform was designed to enable institutional participants to anonymously obtain best prices in a more liquid/transparent marketplace. The company went out of business in 2010.
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
== News ==
*Agora-X, LLC on Dec. 16, 2008, announced that NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc. completed its equity investment following launch of the new Agora-X electronic communications network for institutional trading in over-the-counter (OTC) commodity contract. The transaction gave NASDAQ OMX a 20 percent equity interest in Agora-X.
== References ==
Category:Electronic Match Engines
Category:ECNs
AgriCharts

AgriCharts, is a division of Barchart.com that provides real-time data, Web site and mobile services to the agricultural industry.
== History ==
*In November of 2008, AgriCharts announced an integration initiative with Farms Technology, LLC, a major player in the industry for online grain marketing and electronic marketplaces for farmers and grain buyers. Through their relationship, grain elevators, co-ops, ethanol plants and other grain buyers which use Farms Technology’s online grain trading system, the Dynamic Pricing Platform (DPP), can seamlessly integrate into AgriCharts’ systems for real-time quotes, Web site management and mobile services. This initiative provides a comprehensive grain marketing solution as buyers using DPP benefit from the integrated systems and the ability to automatically feed basis data into AgriCharts’ Web site management and mobile distribution systems, as well as real-time pricing services. 
*In July of 2008, AgriCharts announced it had launched AgriCharts Mobile, an agricultural markets, news and weather mobile Web site. 
*In January 2015 AgriCharts announced the launch of AgriCharts OnDemand (www.agricharts.com/ondemand), a cloud-based service developed for accessing and delivering commodity market data and information using web services APIs. 
== Key People ==
== Products and Services ==
*Web site hosting and management
*Market data and information
*Web content
*Real-time quotes for agricultural industry firms and websites operated
by local cash markets, grain elevators, co-ops and other
agribusinesses. 
== References ==
Agricultural Bank of China

Agricultural Bank of China is a major Chinese bank that has more customers than the entire U.S. population. 
In early July of 2010, Agricultural Bank of China priced its Shanghai initial public offering at 2.68 yuan (40 cents) per share, the top of an indicated range, which - combined with its Hong Kong offering and its greenshoe option - was set to be the largest IPO ever.
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
== References ==
Category:Banks
Agricultural Commodity

An agricultural commodity is a vital component of global financial markets, encompassing a wide array of natural resources that are derived from living organisms and used for various human purposes. The definition of agricultural commodities is comprehensive and includes various categories as outlined in Commodity Futures Trading Commission regulation 1.3(zz). 
==Categories of Agricultural Commodities==
Enumerated Commodities: The first category of agricultural commodities includes those specifically listed in section 1a of the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA). These enumerated commodities are fundamental to agricultural trading and include staples like wheat, cotton, corn, the soybean complex, livestock, and more. These commodities have well-established markets and serve as essential components of the global food and agricultural supply chain.
General Operational Definition: This broader category covers all other commodities derived from living organisms, including plant, animal, and aquatic life. These commodities are generally fungible within their respective classes, meaning they can be exchanged or substituted easily due to their similar characteristics. They are primarily used for human food, shelter, animal feed, or natural fiber production. Examples of commodities falling under this category include coffee, cocoa, timber, and fish.
Catch-All Category: The third category encompasses agricultural commodities that are generally recognized as being agricultural in nature but may not fit precisely within the general operational definition. Examples include tobacco, products of horticulture (such as fruits and vegetables), and any other commodities consumed by animals or humans. The Commodities Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) has the authority to designate additional commodities under this category through rulemaking processes.
Commodity-Based Indexes: The final category pertains to commodity-based indexes primarily composed of underlying agricultural commodities. These indexes, widely used by investors and traders, track the performance of various agricultural commodities. Examples include commodity price indexes and agricultural commodity exchange-traded funds (ETFs).
== References ==
Category:Agriculture
Category:Commodities
Agricultural Commodity Exchange for Africa

The Agricultural Commodity Exchange for Africa is an Internet based regional agricultural commodity exchange operating in the spot and forward markets. ACE was founded with the help of The U.S. Agency for International Development. 
It is intended to give small- scale farmers leverage in negotiating for their crops by providing farmers with reliable market information, both pre- and post-harvest, which improves competition and communications, and ensures higher prices for higher quality.
ACE also has helped improve access to local, regional and international markets for farmers, offering full transparency, enforceable contracts, an arbitration facility and more efficient and cost effective markets.
== Products and Services ==
Groundnuts, whole cotton seed, hominy chop, cotton seed meal, maize bran, sugar beans, soya beans and jatropha seed
== Key People ==
Ian Goggin, CEO
== References ==
Category:Exchanges
Category:African Exchanges
Category:Commodity Exchanges
Agricultural Futures Exchange of Thailand

The Agricultural Futures Exchange of Thailand (AFET) is the exclusive agricultural futures exchange in Thailand. It is regulated by the Agricultural Futures Trading Commission, which was established under the provisions of the Agricultural Futures Trading Act B.E. 2542 enacted in 1999. It is funded by the government of Thailand.
Trading at the AFET is via an electronic system provided by Patsystems and is a continuous process. The AFET introduced the Internet trading “AFET DIRECT” in August last year. AFET Direct offers simulated trading for new traders.
AFET has two classes of members, "brokers" and "traders". Both members types, brokers and traders have direct access to the market. Traders can trade only for their own accounts. Brokers represent the public in the market, but can also trade for their own accounts. The limited membership policy is applied for brokers only. And the limited number of brokers is currently twenty. The trader-type membership is always open.
The AFET has an an in-house clearing house unit to ensure the financial integrity of each trade. The AFET's clearing house is divided into 3 divisions which are the clearing division (clearing transactions between AFET and broker members), risk management division, and delivery division.
== Memorandum of Understanding ==
The AFETS has signed MOUs with the Dalian Commodity Exchange, the Tokyo Commodity Exchange, Bursa Malaysia Derivatives and the Multi Commodity Exchange of India.
== History ==
The first Board of Directors of the Agricultural Futures Exchange of Thailand was appointed on September 20, 2001. Chana Rungsaeng was elected by the board as the Chairman and they appointed Mr. Jalthong Patamapongs the President. Ms. Napaporn Kurupasutachai served served as president from 2004 to 2007, but resigned with one year left on her contract for health reasons.
== Products and Services ==
The AFET trades rubber, rice and tapioca. It launched its first futures trading with the natural rubber, ribbed smoked sheet no.3 (RSS3) on May 28, 2004. Next, white rice 5% brokens was also listed on August 26, 2004 and tapioca starch premium grade on March 25, 2005.
As of February 21, 2008, rubber was the leading AFET contract with 1311 contracts of open interest. The exchange volume record is 1441 total contracts traded on October 29, 2007. The exchange open interest record was set at 4294 contracts on January 13, 2006.
* AFET White Rice 5%
* AFET Ribbed Smoked Rubber Sheet #3
* AFET Tapioca Chip
* AFET Tapioca Starch Premium Grade
== Key People ==
*Sanit Vorapanya, Chairman
*Dr. Nitus Patayotin, President
==Approved Brokers ==
*JSP. Futures Co., Ltd. (JSP)
*Thai Agriculture Association Co., Ltd. (TAA)
*Future Agri Trade Co., Ltd. (FAT)
*Agrow Enterprise Co., Ltd. (AGE)
*A.N.T. (Thailand) Co., Ltd. (ANT)
*Hong Ta Futures Co., Ltd. (HOT)
*Pattana Agro Futures Co., Ltd. (PAF)
*Agro Wealth Co., Ltd. (AGR)
*DS Futures Co., Ltd. (DSF)
== External Links ==
*www.afetdirect.com
*www.aftc.or.th/about_en.php
== References ==
Category: Exchanges
Ahmad Sharaf

__NOTOC__ 
Ahmad Sharaf is the chairman of the Dubai Mercantile Exchange and senior leader at Dubai Holding. He is also the head of the Transition Management Office. He is responsible for driving the overall strategy and direction of the corporate change management process and works directly with the Group CEO, Ahmad Bin Byat. Sharaf is also chairman of the board for University Hospital and serves as a member of the audit committee of Dubai Holding.
He is also a member of the board of the Emirates National Oil Company (ENOC), a member of the ENOC Audit Committee, and vice chairman of Dragon Oil. Sharaf serves as a member of the Board of Visitors and a group member of the Global Partnerships Committee of the Fuqua School of Business, Duke University.
== Background ==
Before his appointment at Dubai Holding, Sharaf held leadership positions in Tatweer, which he joined in 2005. During his time there, he was responsible for the energy, healthcare, food and beverage and real estate portfolios within the company. 
Before joining Tatweer, Sharaf held senior management positions with international and state energy companies in the United States and the Middle East. A petroleum engineer by training, he began his career with Conoco Inc. and after the creation of ConocoPhillips in 2002, he was appointed general manager and director, Business Development, Middle East. 
== Education ==
Sharaf earned a B.Sc and M.Sc in Petroleum Engineering from the Colorado School of Mines and an MBA from Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business.
== References ==
Ahmass L. Fakahany

__NOTOC__ 
Ahmass L. Fakahany is a long-time executive in the financial industry. He retired from a role as co-president and chief operating officer of Merrill Lynch in February of 2008.
== Background ==
Fakahany joined Merrill Lynch in 1987 and served in a variety of senior roles. In 1999 he began as a senior vice president and finance director for Merrill Lynch and Co.His final position was as co-president and chief operating officer of Merrill Lynch.
== Education ==
He has an MBA from Columbia University Graduate School of Business and a Bachelor of Science degree, summa cum laude, from Boston University School of Management.
== References ==	
Category:Bios - Executives
Ahmed Bin Sulayem

Ahmed Bin Sulayem is the chairman of the Dubai Gold & Commodities Exchange. He was named to the position on Oct. 31, 2007 after having served on the board since the inception of the DGCX.
== Background ==
Sulayem is also executive chairman of the Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC).
== Education ==
== References ==	
Category:Exchange Chairmen
Category:DGCX
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Bios - Board Members
Category:DGCX
Category:Dubai
Ahmed Heikal

__NOTOC__ 
Ahmed Heikal is product manager at Vela, responsible for the Execution suite of products and services, including Vela's DMA platform.
== Background ==
Heikal has a background in electronic trading, front and middle office operations and post-trade solutions in multiple asset classes. 
Before joining Vela, he was product owner of core trading apps at GAIN Capital Group. During his tenure at GAIN, he held various roles including back office analyst, QA & business analyst, and FX support supervisor.
== Education ==
He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Finance from Kean University.
== References ==
Ahmed Saad

__NOTOC__
Ahmed Saad was appointed chairman of the Egyptian Capital Market Authority in June 2007.
== Background ==
Saad is also a board member of the Central Bank of Egypt and is a member of the Trustee Council of the General Authority of Investment, the Institute of Directors and the Egyptian Money Laundering Combating Unit. Previous positions include chief financial consultant at Egyptian investment bank Naeem Holding and adviser to the former chairmen of the Capital Market Authority and the Cairo & Alexandria Stock Exchanges. 
Saad has served on several other committees, including the Egyptian Insurance Supervisory Authority, Mortgage Guarantee & Subsidy Fund, Investor Protection Fund, Settlement Guarantee Fund, the Egyptian Company for Financial Leasing and Roots Stock Brokerage Company. 
== Education ==
He is a professor of finance at Cairo University.
== References ==	
category:Regulators
AirCarbon

Singapore-based AirCarbon Exchange (ACX) is a global carbon exchange that uses distributed ledger technology on a traditional trading architecture. Using blockchain architecture, it securitizes carbon credits into fungible and tradable securities with transparent pricing and real time settlement.
Carbon credits held by the exchange are held in a trust. For every credit deposited into the trust, a corresponding one ton Token resides on the exchange. Owners of Tokens can request physical delivery of the underlying carbon credits.
The exchange, which is targeted at companies and accredited investors, has more than 120 active firms with more than 200 others in various stages of joining, according to its CEO, Thomas McMahon.
== History ==
Targeted at companies and accredited investors, the exchange has more than 120 active firms with more than 200 others in various stages of joining, McMahon said.
Since its launch, it has seen more than 10 million carbon credits transacted, with about 1 million swapped over the last two months, McMahon said. He expects trading volume to triple by year end as listed firms across Singapore, Hong Kong and Japan comply with new climate-reporting requirements.
In May 2022 ACX said it had teamed up with Deutsche Boerse to launch futures trading for carbon offsets some time in 2022. The futures contracts are intended to meet growing demand from companies to hedge their risks from greenhouse gas emissions, and they would be created by Deutsche Boerse using carbon credits sourced by AirCarbon. The contracts would be traded on the European Energy Exchange.
== Products and Services ==
Tokens:
* AirCarbon CORSIA Eligible Tokens (CET)
* AirCarbon Global Nature Token (GNT)
* AirCarbon Global Nature+ Token (GNT+)
* AirCarbon Sustainable Development Token (SDT)
* AirCarbon Renewable Energy Token (RET)
* AirCarbon Household Offset Token (HOT)
== Key People ==
* Thomas McMahon, CEO and Founder 
== References ==
AirSwap (AST)

AirSwap is the name for the AirSwap decentralized exchange as well as the name of the membership token for the AirSwap decentralized exchange built on the Ethereum blockchain. According to a May 2017 whitepaper written by AirSwap's founders, Michael Oved and Don Mosites, the "swap" protocol provides a means for parties to signal to others their intent to trade tokens on a peer-to-peer basis. Once parties are connected, potential counterparties communicate price and order information and then execute an Ethereum smart contract to fill orders on the Ethereum blockchain. AirSwap launched its token trader on February 1, 2018. 
==References==
Category:Ethereum
Category:Blockchain
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
AirTM

AirTM is a financial services company based in Mexico City, Mexico. It is a self-described "peer to peer marketplace" used to exchange fiat currency and digital assets, including cryptocurrency, with users across the globe.
== Products and Services ==
AirTM is an online payment platform that enables the conversion of fiat currency to digital assets. A user's AirTM account is designed to work like a checking account, to an extent; users can deposit and withdraw local currency to and from their AirTM account. The company has cashiers located around the world who facilitate transactions involving local fiat currency in exchange for a fee. Cashiers earn commission for completing each transaction.
AirTM facilitates money transfers from existing digital payment networks including PayPal, Apple Pay, Venmo, Payeer, Advcash, Payoneer, MPesa, and Skrill, among others; it also allows the deposit and withdrawal of money for gift cards for services like Amazon, Airbnb, Google Play, iTunes, Xbox Live, Steam, Netflix, and Starbucks, among others. AirTM also lets its users deposit and withdraw cryptocurrency, specifically bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, Ether, XRP, Litecoin, Zcash, Monero, Dogecoin, and Tether.
== Venezuelan Crisis ==
AirTM launched AirdropVenezuela.org in November 2018, a global campaign to assist refugees of Venezuela, whose official currencies - the sovereign bolivar and Petro - experienced poor adoption and hyperinflation in 2018. The goal was to raise funds in cryptocurrency for over 100,000 Venezuelans to help them buy food, medicine, and other necessities.
On February 26, AirTM livestreamed an event with Cryptograffiti, a reclusive crypto-focused artist, as part of the fundraiser. It was partnered with Cripto Conserje, a crypto merchant services provider. The goal was to raise $10,000 worth of bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. Cryptograffiti allegedly created a large mural of Nicolás Maduro, president of Venezuela, painted on 1,000 paper bolivars in Cucuta, Colombia, about 500 yards from the Simon Bolivar Bridge. For every donation made during the livestream, a Venezuelan citizen at the event physically removed a bolivar from the mural. Two pieces of the mural were saved from the event: one to be auctioned off, the other to be given to a donor drawn at random. Half the funds raised would be given to the 100,000+ Venezuelan refugees, while the other half would contribute towards rebuilding facilities at Fundación Renacer, a non-profit organization that provides daycare services to families displaced by the Venezuelan crisis.
== Key People ==
*Ruben Galindo - Co-Founder, CEO 
*Antonio Garcia - Co-Founder, President 
*Tim Parsa - Co-Founder, CCO 
*Jorge Ruiz - Co-Founder, CTO 
*Josh Kliot - Co-Founder, Product
==References==
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Air Resources Board

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) is a department of the California Environmental Protection Agency, with a focus on promotion and protection of public health, welfare and ecological resources by reducing air pollution.
The AB32 Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 holds the ARB responsible for monitoring and reducing GHG emissions to 2000 levels by 2010 or 11% below business as usual, to 1990 levels by 2020 or 25% below business as usual, and 80% below 1990 levels by 2050. 
== References ==
Airdrop

An airdrop is a marketing strategy used in the cryptocurrency industry that involves distributing free tokens or coins to numerous wallet addresses. This practice is often associated with the launch of a new cryptocurrency, decentralized finance (DeFi) protocol, or blockchain project.
It is a term for a large-scale distribution of free cryptocurrency tokens into a digital community. In an airdrop, a cryptocurrency business deposits tokens into the wallets that it has access to. Often the purpose of the airdrop is lead generation, whereby cryptocurrency traders have to reveal their wallet addresses and sometimes their identities to the airdropping business in order to allow the transaction. 
In February 2014, an Icelandic resident issued a cryptocurrency called the auroracoin, which the issuer wanted to deposit into accounts for each citizen of Iceland to use as an alternative to the national fiat currency. This was the first widely reported airdrop. As a monetary initiative the auroracoin quickly failed. Four and a half years later, in November 2018, CoinMarketCap reported auroracoin as the 269th most actively traded cryptocurrency with $22,374,321 traded over the most recent month. Auroracoin was the 45th largest cryptocurrency in the world at the time with a market capitalization of $181,491,251. 
An airdrop can provide a number of benefits to the creators of a cryptocurrency, including promotion and increasing the price of the token. Some argue it's also a way of getting around the SEC's ruling that ICOs are securities; if digital assets are given away for free, they can't technically be considered securities. Though the creators of the token don't make money by giving them away for free, the token still gets propagated, leading to large numbers of people adopting it for trade. Airdrops can also come in the form of forks.
Promoting both itself as well as a cryptocurrency, Blockchain.com announced on November 6, 2018 that it would airdrop $125 million worth of Stellar (XLM) over a six month period by depositing about $25 worth of XLM into each new Blockchain customer's wallet and otherwise distributing any remaining XLM to current customers. The airdrop started on November 11, 2018. The price of XLM rose about 10 percent after the announcement and maintained the price gain for at least the 24 hours after the airdrop began. Blockchain.com said in an official blog post that it was the largest airdrop ever. 
== References ==
Category:Definitions
Category:Cryptocurrency
Category:Fintech
Category:Digital Assets
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Category:Slang Investing Terms