nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Voices For Evolution

Voices for Evolution is a publication from the National Center for Science Education that shows the true extent of the acceptance within science of evolution as not "a" but "the" way to understand biological diversity. It is a collection of statements from major scientific institutions, organizations and academies which all say, in effect, "Evolution is the right and proper way to go, so there." It also lists religious organizations which embrace evolution as "the" way of understanding life's presence. 
As of January 1, 2012, the collection is 216 pages worth of "in your face" statements useful when anyone claims "there is a controversy in science. Teach the controversy!!!"
It can be downloaded for free from NCSE's siteVoices for Evolution at NCSE, and should be part of the tool kit used by any teacher, student, parent, or taxpaying citizen to demand quality education in our schools.
==Summary and quotes==
===Part 1: Legal Background===
*Voices addresses the 10 significant court decisions regarding the "Evolution/Creationism" "controversy."
# Epperson v. Arkansas, 1968
# Segraves v. State of California, 1981
# McLean v. Arkansas BOE, 1982 (expanded discussion)
# Edwards v. Aguillard, 1987
# Webster v. New Lenox School District, 1990 (expanded discussion)
# Peloza v. Capistrano School District, 1994 (expanded discussion)
# Rodney LeVake v. Independent School District, 2000
# Selman et al. v. Cobb County, 2005
# Kitzmiller v. Dover, 2005. (expanded discussion)
===Part 2: Scientific Organizations===
This is the heart of the publication. Nearly 100 pages of statements from scientific organizations. 
*Includes the Amici Curiae brief for "Selman v. Cobb County," with 56 "Professional Scientific Organizations" as signatories.
:This brief is not only very detailed, it's easy to understand, and easy to use if you are trying to cite to why there is no controversy. 
* Includes a host of useful carefully-crafted single statements about the nature of Evolution and the importance of teaching it from groups such as the American Anthropological Association, the Federation for Experimental Biology, The Paleontological Society, the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, and others.
===Part 3: Religious Organizations===
Roughly 20 pages of statements from religious groups that believe evolution should be taught in our schools, including statements from: The United Methodist Church, the United Presbyterian Church, the Roman Catholic Church, and the Rabbinical Council of America. (Sadly, no Islamic group has been included yet.)
===Part 4: Educational Organizations===
Assuming you want to get your kid into college, these Universities not only teach evolution, they expect you to have a well-rounded science background before you even get there. Roughly 40 pages of University and Education Departments are quoted in this section.
===Part 5: Civil Liberties Organizations===
This contains writings from 11 organizations in 16 pages, summarizing why evolution is the correct, and scientific, thing to be taught, and highlighting the failures and dangers of teaching creationism or intelligent design in its place or alongside it.
==References==
Vox (website)

Vox is an American news and opinion website founded in April 2014 by former Washington Post columnist Ezra Klein, former Slate columnist Matthew Yglesias and vice president of growth and analytics Melissa Bell, based on the concept of explanatory journalism. In July 2014, Vox received 8.2 million unique visitors, and in August 2019 Vox's readership was estimated to be more than 33 million visitors. As of December 2024, the Vox youtube channel has over 12.4 million subscribers and over 3.6 billion views.
==Controversies==
In March 2014, before it had officially launched, Vox was criticized by conservative media commentators, including Erick Erickson, for a video it had published arguing the public debt "isn't a problem right now".
In June 2016, Vox suspended contributor Emmett Rensin for a series of tweets calling for anti-Trump riots, including one that said "If Trump comes to your town, start a riot."
In December 2018, Vox received criticism from fans of PewDiePie for an article written by Aja Romano which alleged that PewDiePie had ties to the alt-right and white supremacism, and even went as far as including Laci Green among a list of "alt-right identified figures" — which she was not too happy about.Laci Green on Twitter. Romano has said she had received harassment on Twitter, while many of the fans urged PewDiePie to sue Vox.
==Reception==
*Media Bias/Fact Check labels Vox with a left bias and "Mostly Factual" reporting.Vox - Media Bias/Fact Check
*AllSides rates Vox with a left bias.Vox Media Bias | AllSides
*ad fontes media rates Vox with a reliabilty score of 41.97 (out of 64, above 32 are good) and bias score of -8.75 (-42 to 42, negative scores being more left).Vox Bias and Reliability | ad fontes media
==External links==
*Vox
*Vox Media, parent company
*YouTube channel
==References==
Category:American media
Category:Journalism
Category:New York
Category:Websites 
Category:YouTube
Vulcan

Vulcan is a hypothetical planet that was thought to orbit the Sun in an orbit inner to Mercury before the 20th century, named after the Roman god equivalent to the Greek 
== Theory and observations ==
Claims about objects seen transiting in front of the Sun have existed since the invention of the telescope, back in the 17th century and reaching a maximum in the 19th century, even if most if not all of them are more than likely to have been just reports of the observations of sunspots if real at all.
Theories about an innermost planet to Mercury began circulating in such century, and were followed by observations that hoped to catch such planet when it passed in front of the Sun, given that seeing it after sunset or before dawn would be very difficult or outright impossible getting lost in the Sun's glare. All of them, of course, came empty or were impossible to replicate, suggesting that if such planet existed at all it would be very small and would orbit close to the Sun, as otherwise it would have been detected before -either transiting in front of the Sun or during a solar eclipse, as such closeness to the Sun means a lot of solar irradiation thus that it would have been quite bright, especially in the case of a large planet-.
== Enter Einstein==
Anomalies in Mercury's orbit that models of the latter failed to account for, causing astronomers to think the gravity of planet(s) orbiting closer to the Sun were responsible, were a mystery until 1915, when Einstein's Theory of Relativity showed they were caused by space-time being warped by the Sun, matching almost exactly the observations done in the previous century,Kurt Larson, Jan 2, 1860: The Discovery of Planet Vulcan, oddsalon.com with such prediction being confirmed during the solar eclipse of May 29, 1919 catapulting Einstein to fame and Vulcan's existence being no longer needed.
== Today ==	
Earth-based searches have been supplemented by observations from space using telescopes such as , to spacecraft that have boldly gone where no spacecraft has gone before positioned within Mercury's orbit, such as NASA's , that have not only failed to find such a planet, but also revealed that the space within Mercury's orbit is devoid of bodies of significant size, with a that would be there as an alternative to the existence of such planet having also failed to materialize, besides the occasional comet or 
 
Many other star systems contain planets ( ) within a radius equivalent to Mercury's orbit. Whether this is simply an observational bias (as such kind of planetary systems are easier to detect with our current technology), or the lack of them in our Solar System is actually a feature and not a bug is a mystery.
The name "Vulcan" being still today reserved for a planet that turned out not to exist is the reason why he is the only Olympian not to have an object in the solar system named after him.
== References ==
Category:Astronomy
Category:Planets
Category:Additional planets
Vulture fund

Vulture fund is the popular nickname for a type of profiteering aimed at impoverished countries.
==Circling the carcass==
Vulture fund investors set up a private equity fund for the sole purpose of literally robbing from the poor and giving to the rich. A typical modus operandi of vulture fund operators is as follows:
#A group of investors purchases the debt of an impoverished nation that is on the verge of monetary collapse.
#The investors then wait for the United States and/or other wealthy nations to send humanitarian (monetary) aid to that country.
#The investors then sue said impoverished nation in an effort to force that nation to hand over the humanitarian aid as payment.
==Examples==
On 8 April 2010, the United Kingdom became the first country to limit the amount that vulture funds can collect. Under the new law, vulture funds cannot collect payments that the World Bank deems unsustainable.Croft, Adrian. "New law limits claims by vulture funds", Reuters UK website, posted 8 April 2010, accessed 10 April 2010.
On September 9, 2014, the United Nations voted on a treaty for a new process to deal with bankruptcy of sovereign nations. The vote passed 124-11 in favor, with 41 abstentions. This resolution has been lauded as "historic" due to the UN finally taking measures to protect nations from predatory vulture funds.International "UN Votes for Process to Enact Bankruptcy Treaty and Stop Vulture Funds", 2014
==Participants in vulture funds==
*Apollo Global Management
*Paul Singer
==External links==
*"From New York to Liberia, Investigative Journalist Greg Palast Tracks Vulture Funds Preying on African Debt" Includes 46 minute video.
==Notes==
==References==
Category:Business
Category:Deceit
Category:Economics
Category:Financial fraud
Category:Imperialism
Category:Neologisms
Category:Scams
WALL-E

WALL-E (styled as WALL•E) is a 2008 American prophetic post-apocalyptic animated film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures. Featuring a tiny free-willed Waste Allocation Load Lifter – Earth ClassIt's supposed to sound like "Wally", Geddit? Geddit? tasked with cleaning an Earth ravaged by pollution, he falls in love with another robot and travels into space to ensure her survival. The movie was near-universally acclaimed,Rotten Tomatoes with the anthropomorphic romance compared to the silent films of yesteryear, and won everything including the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature.All those awards...
There were a handful of critics, however.
==The wingnut reaction==
Never ones to miss an opportunity to look like laughingstocks, American conservatives immediately went on a witchhunt over WALL-E's "political" message.Learning to throw the trash in the right place, not get morbidly obese from McDonald's and addicted to the Internet is too much, apparently. 
Angered by the portrayal of a consumer society gone wrong, sites from the National Review to RedState, to such luminaries as Glenn Beck and Jonah Goldberg, decried the film as having a "Marxist, Eco-Theological world view," "fascistic elements," "Bush Derangement Syndrome," "Malthusian fear-mongering," "leftist propaganda" and that "Goebbels [has] reached all the way to California."Conservative critics blast Wall•E, Christian Science Monitor Boycotts were called.
Noticing the potential Streisand effect developing, other right-leaning commentators declared their support for WALL-E and its commitment to family values.Another Brick in the ‘WALL-E’, The New York Times in bad pun mode Prepare your irony meters: one look at the Wikipedia pages of the production staff imply devout Christianity (at least one actor was a Republican supporter), and traces of Biblical influence are rampant. There was a reason his love interest was named EVE, for God's sake.
It is also worth noting that the conspiracy crowd went full-metal apeshit on theories over "the technocracy", humans are being dumbed down by machines, and similar fear mongering stories conspiracies. [What's the Difference?]
==Scientific reaction==
Scientific criticism was particularly focused on physics issues (sci-fi movie, duh),"Classic blunders" but identified examples where WALL-E's dystopia is already more reality than the fringe want it to be.Approaching “Wall-E” with Honda’s Uni-Cub personal mobility device, Scientific AmericanWALL-E at Discover Magazine
==External links==
*Is Wall-E Really About An Aging Gay Robot?, Cracked
*WALL-E on IMDb
*WALL-E on TV Tropes
==Notes==
==References==
Category:Science fiction
Category:Environmentalism
Category:Moral panics
WASP

The initialization "WASP" stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant. These are the people who have traditionally run the United States of America, as the descendants of the original British colonists. In many cases, it was also easily substituted for "the Establishment", a term often used for the East Coast Ivy League-educated elites who used to run foreign policy and both the State Department and the CIA. In recent years, the hold of the WASPs has diminished, much to the chagrin of some racists. 
While the term was originally used to talk about the elite position held by some WASPs, today it is a mildly derogatory one. It has connotations of boring people with no real culture, living plastic existences while forever chasing after something "real".See many early Kinks (and other sixties bands) songs. A synonym for this derogatory usage is "white bread".
==Political==
The term WASP has also come to be slang for usually right-leaning pundits or politicians who try to relate to the lower-middle class "common man", despite having grown up in a middle-to-upper class home. WASP pundits tend to be rich and present themselves as "self-made men", even if they actually don't have to do much difficult work since they are paid more for pushing an ideological line than they are for being talented, which isn't exactly intellectual heavy work. Prominent WASPs include:
*David Cameron and Boris Johnson
*Rush Limbaugh, the poster child for this. He was a college drop-out who came from a family of prominent lawyers (like they named a federal courthouse after his grandfather and it wasn't even particularly illegitimate prominent) and he got lucky enough to run into Roger Ailes, who set him up with a nice gig pushing a radical right point of view on the radio. 
*At Salem Radio Network, a good chunk of the hosts would qualify as this, such as Bill Bennett.
==References==
==Notes==
Category:Political terms
Category:Protestants
Category:Race
WEIRD

In psychology, WEIRD is an acronym for Western, educated, industrialized, rich, democratic — a capsule description of the undergraduates that the majority of psychological tests are done on. Mostly first-year psychology students. The term is intended to denote awareness that doing all your studies on this tiny group (approximately 10-15% of human population) may not in fact give results indicative of humanity in general, and that such claims may in fact be rubbish.
That this was a potential problem has been vaguely acknowledged (at least in departmental chit-chat, if not in any change in behaviour) ever since psychologists started just doing all their testing on their own undergraduates, but was really bludgeoned home by the 2010 meta-analysis "The weirdest people in the world?"Joseph Henrich, Steven J. Heine and Ara Norenzayan (2010). "The weirdest people in the world?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33, pp 61-83. doi:10.1017/S0140525X0999152X. by Joseph Henrich, Steven J. Heine and Ara Norenzayan, in which they trivially showed several claims of universal human behaviour to be nothing of the sort.
==Differences==
As the majority of WEIRD test subjects are college studentsPsychology Is WEIRD Slate and from Western developed nations,How normal is WEIRD? Patheos the results are skewed. Inclinations that could skew the results are: atypical environment, motor development, diet, cultural differences and the fact that adolescents are more likely to engage in risk-taking behavior.Why the teen brain is drawn to risk CNN
Japanese and North American students react profoundly differently to failure. Japanese students will study harder to avoid bad grades, while North American students are more likely to give up. In contrast, North American students studied harder when they believed they were going to get good grades, while Japanese students were more likely to study less long.YANSS 055 – Psychology’s long obsession with the WEIRDest people in the world You are not so smart
Results of famous studies such as the Dictator Game can be conflicting when the test subjects are not WEIRD. Foreigners who live in small-scale communities are less likely to transfer a generous amount of money, unlike WEIRD subjects.
==Criticism==
One anthropologist, Greg Downey, criticized that the acronym "WEIRD" is not sufficient to cover the bias towards Western subjects in research.We agree it’s WEIRD, but is it WEIRD enough? by Greg Downey He went on to elaborate that "democratic", "industrialized", "rich" are terms mainly suited for an understanding of Western inequality, and issues, concluding that the contrasts used in the paper – "small-scale" vs. "Western" – are too simplistic to describe the differences.
==External links==
*The weirdest people in the world? PDF
*We agree it’s WEIRD, but is it WEIRD enough?
==References==
WHO-IAEA conspiracy

The WHO-IAEA conspiracy is a conspiracy theory stating that the World Health Organization is subordinate to the International Atomic Energy Agency when it comes to publishing research about the health effects of radiation and nuclear technologies, or in other words, that IAEA has veto power over any "inconvenient" information coming from the WHO. This theory traces back to an actual agreement between the two agencies reached in 1959, which contains nothing of the sort. The theory is often used by the anti-nuclear movement to dismiss WHO reports on nuclear accidents such as Chernobyl, which show that the health effects of radioactive releases are generally minor and far less severe than impacts from the fear of radiation.
==Text of the WHO-IAEA agreement==
Below is the full text of the first article, which is the most relevant.http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Infcircs/Others/inf20.shtml#note_c
Anti-nuclear campaigners typically show the third clause without showing the second. The highlighted part of the second clause recognizes that the IAEA cannot order WHO to do anything that would hinder its mission. The WHO itself has also stated that it is not subordinate to the IAEA.WHO Statement: Interpretation of the World Health Organization's agreement with the International Atomic Energy Agency
==Promoters==
The theory has its dedicated promotion group, Independent WHO, operating mainly from France and composed primarily of French and Swiss anti-nuclear organizations. The group's "Our Demands" page includes outright quackery, mentioning "daily administration of apple pectin" as a way to increase the elimination of radionuclides from the body.Independent WHO: Our Demands This claim can be traced directly to the pseudoscientific and thoroughly discredited book Chernobyl: Consequences of the Catastrophe for People and the Environment.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20002057
The following anti-nuclear groups and people also endorse this conspiracy theory:
* Low Level Radiation Campaignhttp://www.llrc.org/health/subtopic/iaeawhoagreement.htm
* Nuclear Information and Resource Servicehttp://www.neis.org/literature/Brochures/World_Health_Organization_Collusion.pdf
* Nuclear Energy Information Service (Illinois anti-nuclear group)
* Helen Caldicotthttp://www.nuclearfreeplanet.org/blogs/who-and-why-they-should-not-be-in-bed-with-the-iaea.html
==See also==
*Radiation hormesis
==References==
Category:Conspiracy theories
Category:United Nations
Category:Radiophobia
WIGO

WIGO WorldTalk • Best of • ArchivesThe latest news of the world—or at least that which relates to what we do here.		WIGO BlogsTalk • Best of • Archives
RationalWiki's Blogosphere: all the interesting blog posts relating to RationalWiki's mission.
	WIGO CPTalk • Best of • Archives
The original WIGO: keep up to date with what little is going on at Andrew Schlafly's extremist blog Conservapedia.		WIGO ClogsTalk • Best of • Archives
RationalWiki's snarkilicious take on some of the more "WTF" or egregious blog entries out there.
	Saloon bar Talk • Archives
Not really a WIGO, but as a place for general chit-chat about virtually anything the bar contains discussion of plenty of things that were (or really should have been) WIGOed elsewhere.		WIGO Elections Talk • Archives
What is going on with the various elections and campaigns?
==Defunct==
Absolutely nothing is happening...
*…at ASK
*…in the Fourth Reich
*…in webcomics
Also the failed Wikipedia alternative, Citizendium is looking a little forgotten...
* NIGO CZ (Talk • Archives)
== Temporary WIGO pages ==
*What is going on with the coronavirus? (active March 2020 - March 2022)
 Category:Disambiguation pages
WWJD

WWJD is an acronym for Whom What would Jesus Do? It was used on bumper stickers in the 1990s by Christians, and has recently been reincarnated as a slogan on silicone bands, jewellery, and all sorts of trinkets.
==Using WWJD==
When confronting a difficult problem, it is useful to pause and think "What would Jesus do?" Some examples:
*A bully pushes you down. You get up. You want to hit him, but you think, "WWJD" and pause… just long enough for him to bitch-slap you in the mouth.
*You invade a large, fractious nation. No one seems to appreciate their "liberation". You get ready to nuke the whole place, but then you ask "WWJD?" (Or, What Would Colin Powell have done, but we already know that answer.) While you are thinking, resurgent Taliban and Al-Qaeda elements in that other country launch an offensive aimed at the already-decimated capital.
*The Vietnam War and the surrounding controversy is raging. You have a choice between being drafted to kill, or volunteering to kill. WWJD? He would join the Air National Guard and avoid taking lives by refusing to show up for work, or run to Canada.
WWJD was originally coined by 19th century Christian socialist who sympathized with poor people and worked on many projects for relieving poverty. For example, he inspired local people to help desperately poor former slaves who had settled nearby and established a kindergarten for African American children well ahead of his time. 
Today, though, no one ever seems to think Jesus would drop off a couple of club packs of cereal at the homeless shelter or sit down to a nice glass of wine and a shawarma with Maggie, though.
==Parodies==
The phrase "WWJD" has been parodied in many contexts. Examples include the following:
*A bumper sticker reading "Who would Jesus torture?" was seen in Seattle following the initial release of the Abu Ghraib torture photographs.
*In Minnesota, you could find bumper stickers, obviously made by those evil liberals, that say "What Would Do?"
*Cartoon fans have been known to ask "What would Do?"
*"What would Dogbert do?" from the comic strip Dilbert.
*"What would Leroy Jenkins do?" from "Laundry Files".
*"WW(;,;)D?"
*In the dystopian comic book series, whose premise is that (almost) all men have suddenly died, one woman asks "WWJD?" and, when ridiculed for pandering to outmoded male ideas, explains that she meant "What Would Do?"
* What would a pirate do?
==See also==
*What Would Jesus Eat?
*What Should I Do?
*What would Cthulhu Do?
*What would FSM Do?
*Goddidit — the past tense of WWJD
==External links==
*What Would Jesus Do? The Evil Bible lists any number of immoral things Jesus would do. 
*Who would Jesus shoot? Gun sights in the US military are inscribed with Bible verses.
*What Would Jesus Do? — Axis of Awesome A song about what Jesus would do.
*What Would Jesus Do? This shows how far removed the Republican Party are from what Jesus would do.
*What Would Jesus Do? LLC Buy your wristbands now so you can forever remember to do as Jesus would do.
==References==
Category:Christianity
Category:We're on a mission from God