nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Glenn Spencer

Glenn Spencer is a white supremacist known for his anti-immigration activism.
== Background ==
Glenn Spencer has become more savvy since his days associated with the KKK.Coddling ExtremistsLou Dobbs' Dubious Guest List His American Border Patrol, Ranch Rescue, the Minutemen Project, and Voices of Citizens Together (VCT) have been designated hate groups.Anti-Immigration Groups
Spencer bought a ranch a thousand feet from the Mexico/Arizona border and has tried to elevate himself above his friend and Grand Dragon, Tom Metzger, who started Klan Border Watch several years earlier in California. (Metzger, Hal Turner, and Sean Hannity were allegedly friends, too.) Out of these groups comes much of what is distributed in emails today.
== External links ==
* Border Disputes: Armed Vigilantes in Arizona (PDF) ADL
==References==
Category:Living people
Category:Racists
Category:Conspiracy theorists
Category:Immigration
Category:Xenophobes
Gliese 581c

Gliese 581c is an extrasolar planet (or exoplanet) orbiting the red dwarf star Gliese 581 at 20 light-years from Earth. It appears to be in the circumstellar habitable zone (or ecosphere, or "Goldilocks Zone"), a notional spherical shell of space surrounding stars where the surface temperatures of any planets present might maintain liquid water. Liquid water is considered vital for extraterrestrial life because of its role as the solvent needed for (known) biochemical reactions. As such, Gliese 581c is one of the first truly "Earthlike" planets discovered outside of the Solar System.
==The star it orbits==
Gliese 581 is a spectral class M3 red dwarf, with a metallicity (heavy element abundance) around half of our Sun's. Since its planetary system formed from the same gas-and-dust cloud as the star, we can assume the planets orbiting it have a similar abundance of heavy elements.
The star is at least 7 billion years old, which would be more than enough time for any (hypothetically) life-bearing planets orbiting it to have evolved complex life. It only took Earth some 4.6 billion years to evolve us humans.
==Gliese 581c compared to Earth ==
*Gliese 581c has a radius 50% larger than the Earth.
*Gliese 581c has 5 times the Earth's mass.
*Gliese 581c has a gravitation field about 2.2 times stronger than that of Earth.
*Gliese 581c is 14 times closer to its star than the Earth is to our Sun; its star's tidal effects are 850 times stronger than the Sun's are on Earth, so it's probably locked in synchronous rotation with the same side always facing its star.
*Gliese 581c has an estimated surface temperature between 0 and 40°C (32-104°F), with similar temperatures to several earthly climes. Not much snow, but habitable.
*Gliese 581c is one of three planets so far discovered in the Gliese 581 system, as opposed to the 8 planetsYes, 8. Pluto doesn't count anymore, remember? in our solar system.
*Based on geometrical formulae governing approximately spherical things (like planets), its average density is some 48 percent greater than Earth's.Mass of the planet is five times the mass of Earth, volume of the planet is 1.53 = 3.375 Earth volumes, giving average density 1.481-repeating times that of Earth. This presents an interesting problem considering that, from the star's composition noted above, one would expect the planet to contain a smaller proportion of metal than Earth, but the higher average density suggests that it (if it is solid) would contain quite a bit more metal and quite a bit less rock.
The planet was discovered by the team of Stephane Udry of the Geneva Observatory in Switzerland using the HARPS instrument on the European Southern Observatory 3.6 meter telescope in La Silla, Chile, and is the smallest extrasolar planet discovered to date. Udry's team employed the radial velocity technique, in which the size and mass of a planet are determined based on the small perturbations it induces in its parent star’s orbit via gravity.
==See also==
*Exobiology
==External links==
*Exoplanets.org
*New 'super-Earth' found in space BBC News
*New Planet Could Harbor Water and Life Science.com
==Notes==
category:Astronomy
Category:Planets
Globster

A Globster or Blob is a supposedly "unidentified" lump of rotting sea creature flesh and is often used as "proof" of all manner of things. It's the Cryptozoologic equivalent of a UFO: "I don't know what this mysterious unidentified thing is, therefore it is proof of sea serpents,Bousfield, Edward L. & Leblond Paul H. (2000). Cadborosaurus: Survivor from the Deep. Heritage House Publishing. giant octopuses, or cthulhu". After people who actually know what they're talking about take a look at these "globsters", they're invariably proven to be the carcasses of basking sharks or rotting mounds of rancid whale fat.Research online:A Whale of a Tale via Internet ArchiveThe Biological Bulletin: Microscopic, Biochemical, and Molecular Characteristics of the Chilean Blob and a Comparison With the Remains of Other Sea Monsters: Nothing but Whales
==External links==
*Globsters at The Cryptid Zoo
==References==
Gloria Thomas Sam

Gloria Thomas Sam was the baby daughter of Thomas and Manju Sam. She died of eczema, due to her parent's decision to rely on homeopathy rather than seek proper medical care for her.Casben, Liv. Parents jailed over baby's death. ABC News, 28 Sep 2009.
Gloria died aged nine months after spending more than half her life with eczema. The skin condition wore down her natural defenses and left her completely vulnerable when she developed an eye infection that killed her within days.Harriet, Alexander. Parents guilty of manslaughter over daughter's eczema death. The Sydney Morning Herald, 5 June, 2009.
Both of her parents were sentenced to ten years in prison; her father, who was himself a homeopath, received a heavier sentence as he was deemed to have a double duty of care. 
==See Also==
* Homeopathy
* Alternative medicine
==External Links==
*Video from C0nc0rdance on the case.
==References==
Category:Homeopathy
Category:Alternative medicine promoters
Gluon

A gluon is an elementary subatomic particle that has integral spin. It acts as the exchange particles for the strong force between quarks, analogous to the exchange of photons in the electromagnetic force between two charged particles.
==Creationism==
According to Jack Chick, gluons do not exist.See panels 27-29. "Big Daddy?". Chick Publications. Published in 2002. Retrieved 10 August 2016. In fact, no physicist has ever measured or observed them. They are a made up dream to keep naturalistically-minded sheeple unaware of the truth: that the reason why nucleons are held together is not the but .
==See also==
*Quantum mechanics
*boson
==References==
Category:Fundamental particles
Glycemic index

The glycemic index is a measure of how high the average eater's blood sugar rises after eating a particular food item. Many fad diets call for avoiding foods with a high glycemic index.
== How it's calculated ==
The glycemic index of a particular foodstuff is calculated by making test subjects eat an amount of the foodstuff that contains 50 grams of total carbohydrate. The subjects' blood glucose is then measured at regular intervals over the next two hours, and the glycemic index is derived from the size of the response curve.
Pure glucose is defined as having a glycemic index of exactly 100. Other food items are scaled in comparison to glucose; an item which resulted in half as high a blood sugar response as eating pure glucose, for example, would be assigned a glycemic index of 50.
== Problems with using the glycemic index ==
=== Variability ===
Different subjects can respond to the same food item differently. The same subject can respond to the same food item differently at different times of day. Slight variations in the makeup of a particular food item can cause marked differences in the measured glycemic index; one batch of potatoes can be measured to have a moderately high G.I., while another batch of the same variety of potatoes can be measured to have a very high G.I..
=== Portion size ===
The glycemic index isn't scaled for a reasonable portion size. As stated above, the subjects must eat an amount of the foodstuff that contains 50 grams of total carbohydrate. For table sugar, this is about 2 ounces; for carrots, this is a pound and a half, and nobody wants to eat a pound and a half of carrots except Bugs Bunny.http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/2326/is-the-glycemic-index-the-new-key-to-healthy-eating
This means that foods with a low carbohydrate concentration will, ironically, often have a high glycemic index. Carrots have a G.I. of 71, which is about the same as white bread. This can lead otherwise rational individuals to steer clear of foods that would have little to no impact on their blood sugar if eaten in a normal portion size.
A more sane quantity, called the glycemic load, is scaled for portion size. However, glycemic load data are more difficult to come by than glycemic index data, which is why you see so many more glycemic index fad diets than glycemic load fad diets.
=== It's for Type 2 diabetics ===
The glycemic index and glycemic load were designed to reduce the "glucose spiking" that can cause problems for people with Type 2 diabetes. They were not designed as weight loss tools, and the evidence linking low-GI or low-GL foods with successful dieting practices is spotty at best and nonexistent at worst.
== External links ==
* The University of Sydney's Glycemic Index database.
* Harvard medical school's list of 100 foods by G.I. and Glycemic Load
==References==
Category:Diet woo
Category:Food
Glynn Harrison

Glynn Harrison is an emeritus professor of psychiatry at Bristol University and a member of the Crown Nominations Commission. The latter position allows him to participate in choosing the shortlisted candidate for the next Archbishop of Canterbury. 
Harrison is a fundamentalist homophobe who believes that gay people "fall short of God’s purpose in creation" and can be cured of their unwanted same-sex attractions through religious psychotherapy. He says that “there is evidence that some people with unwanted same sex attractions can achieve significant change.”Archbishop panel member says gay people can ‘change’ sexual attraction (Most psychiatric and psychological professional bodies disagree.)
He is affiliated with the , a UK Christian fundamentalist group, and on whose website he has published three articles on the topic of treating same-sex attraction and "ex-gays".Glynn Harrison at Christian Medical Fellowship His views have been published on the blog.Glynn Harrison, Peter Tatchell and ‘Born Gay’, Anglican Mainstream
Harrison is affiliated with the , a UK ex-gay organization.Archbishop panel member believes gay people can 'change' sexual desire, The Guardian
==References==
Category:Christians
Category:Fundamentalists
Category:Homophobes
Category:Living people
God, guns and gays

The phrase God, guns and gays describes the focus on social issues as political priorities for a significant number of right wing voters in the United States. The term is also used by analysts who argue that in the voting booth, socially conservative concerns allegedly displace economic concerns, and that White working-class voters are moving to the right when their economic concerns are ignored.Thomas Frank's What's the Matter with Kansas is probably the best-known instance of this argument. Indirectly, the term refers to the Republican Party's perceived core voters: Christian fundamentalists, gun nuts, and homophobes.These often turn out to be the same people.
Support for religious policy, or opposition to secularising forces, opposition to gun control, and opposition to same-sex marriage or other LGBT civil rights concerns have formed useful "wedge issues" in the past, though this is no longer the case: since 2010, a growing majority of people polled have supported same-sex marriage.Attitudes on Same-Sex Marriage (May 14, 2019) Pew Research Center. The moral panic over same-sex marriage would seem to have been replaced by transphobia.The Republican Party Finds a New Group to Demonize by Adam Serwer (April 13, 2021) The Atlantic.
The phrase originated as part of Oklahoma Senator Jim Inhofe's 1994 campaign.Freshmen: What Happened to the Republican Revolution?. Linda Killian. 1999.
==References==
==Notes==
Category:Christianity
Category:Homophobia
Category:Gun control
Category:Political terms
Category:Transphobia
Category:United States politics
Godless Bitches

Godless Bitches is an American podcast sponsored by the Atheist Community of Austin that discusses issues related to feminism from a secular viewpoint. One of its aims is to increase the presence of female voices within the atheist and secular community. The podcast was created by Beth Presswood in 2011, and its contributors include Tracie Harris, Lynnea Glasser and Jen Peeples.Godless Bitches Homepage Tracie and Jen also appear as rotating co-hosts on The Atheist Experience.
The team was nominated for the Blag Hag "Most influential female atheist of 2011",Results for the Most Influential Female Atheist of 2011 by Jen McCreight (January 5, 2012) Blag Hag, Freethought Blogs and in 2013, they won Austin Chronicle's "Best Local Podcast" award'Godless Bitches' - Best Local Podcast, The Austin Chronicle That same year, the podcast team was also invited to speak at the yearly American Atheists convention.2013 National Convention (Archived March 15, 2017) American Atheists
While they are currently not producing episodes, some are still available at the iTunes store and on YouTube.
==See also==
*The Atheist Experience
*The Thinking Atheist
*RationalWiki:Podcasts
==External links==
*Apple Podcasts
*YouTube
==References==
Category:Podcasts
Category:Feminism
Category:Atheism
Gold standard (science)

Gold standard, or sometimes golden standard, refers to the best possible test, most commonly used in medicine to refer to a test for a condition or disease.MediLexicon (Medical Dictionary) - Gold Standard A gold standard medical test is not necessarily perfect, but one that is recognised as good enough so that all other tests can be compared to it.Claassen., J. A. H. R., British Medical Journal. 2005 May 14; 330(7500): 1121 This type of evidence is used to evaluate new methods of diagnosing disease as often the "gold standard" test may have the potential for complications, or is expensive or time consuming.
==Examples==
For example, the gold standard for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) is the , in which dye is injected into the bloodstream and X-rays are taken of the arteries in the lungs. Because this is an invasive test, other methods of diagnosing the disease are desirable. Computed tomography (CT) scanning is an increasingly common method used to diagnose PE. To know how accurate it is, it must be compared to a test that is known to be good. Angiography is presumed to be nearly 100% sensitive and specific, and then CT can be compared to it, and its accuracy calculated.
A gold standard test, if expensive or invasive, can also be used in conjunction with a less sensitive/specific test. Where positive results from the more routine test lead to the invasive one in order to weed out false positives. However, these must be carefully weighed against the number of false negatives the tests also produce.
A blood draw for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has controversially been used to screen for potential prostate cancer. Where high PSA levels in the test then trigger a more invasive, gold standard test: a biopsy. However, a study published in the New England Journal of MedicineAndriole et. al,N. Engl. J. Med. 2009 March 29; 360(1310-1319) concluded that PSA screening did not result in significantly lower prostate cancer mortality while potentially exposing healthy men to unnecessary post-PSA-test tests and treatment.
==See also==
*Sensitivity and specificity
==References==
Category:statistics
Golden hammer

A golden hammer is a cognitive bias that occurs when you propose the same, simple solution (or type of solution) to every problem.
==Alternate names==
*Baruch's Observation
*Maslow's hammer
*Kaplan's hammer
*Birmingham screwdriver
*Law of the hammer
*Law of the instrument
*Persimplex responsum
*"Cookie cutter solution" is the management speak version.
==Etymology==
The name comes from 1966 statement:
An earlier (yet less famous) quote comes from 1964 statement:
==Problem==
Essentially, not everything is a nail; no solution can fix every problem. There's always the possibility that we just haven't built a big enough hammer yet, though. 
==Examples==
*Every panacea
*Didit fallacy
*Some flavors of libertarians view free market economics this way.
*Conversely, many communists treat the prospect of a planned economy with the same overconfidence.
*Many neoconservatives view war as a "golden hammer".
*The item first from more often known from It can inflict serious damage, but some are defects that squeak on contact. Golden Hammers can break some challenges, though only limited times.
==See also==
*Argumentum ad nauseam
*Enoch's Hammer of the Luddites
*Hanlon's razor
*Occam's razor
*Silver bullet
*Thor, wielder of the hammer that protected humanity
===Want to read this in another language?===
==External links==
*"Golden Hammer", The Free Dictionary
*"Plurium interrogationum fallacy", The Autonomist
==References==
Category:Informal fallacies
ru:Ошибка золотого молота
Good Samaritan

The Good Samaritan was the subject of a parable told by Jesus of Nazareth, whose message was one of many of Jesus' variations on the theme "don't be a dick." He was a member of the Samaritans, an ethno-religious group in Israel and Palestine.
==Modern version==
Some of the subtleties of the story may be lost on the modern reader. In modern western terms, it might be framed thus:
In other words, the Samaritan part was as important to the story as the good part.
==The original story==
Here is the original story as told in Luke, in the King James Version of the Bible:
<bible book=Luke chapter=10 verse1=29 verse2=37/>
==The point of the story==
The story is in itself an interesting tale about helping those who are in trouble. The part of the parable that should stand out to the reader is, and hence the "retranslation", that important people from their society walked past the man who was injured, but it was a detested outsider that stopped to help him. In the Jewish tradition, the priests and the Levites were the two highest castes, and held a position in society above that of the injured man. It was, however, someone from outside Jewish society — the man from Samaria — that stopped to help him. This was done to show how far reaching the concept of neighbor was in Jesus' parable.
The whole conversation of Luke 10:25-37 deals with Jesus discussing with a lawyer what one should do to achieve eternal life. His response to this was to love everyone as you would yourself. The lawyer, being your typical nitpicking lawyer, argued over the definition of "everyone", and Jesus told the Parable of the Good Samaritan to illustrate how far the term "everyone" stretches and how one should go about loving them.
This doctrine, of how good deeds bring eternal life, runs contrary to the American (and not just there) Protestant view that eternal life is achieved only through accepting Jesus as your savior, preached by the likes of Jerry Falwell and Jack Chick, and that good deeds are inconsequential. The bit about not being a dick also tends to escape them.
==See also==
*RationalWiki:Annotated Bible
Category:New Testament
Category:Parody
Gordon Robertson

Gordon Robertson is the Chief Executive Officer of the Christian Broadcasting Network (CBN), a position he assumed on November 30, 2007. His father, Rev. Pat Robertson, owned CBN. Getting that job must have been very competitive, another illustration of the entrepreneurial, "pull yourself up by your own bootstraps" spirit that characterizes most figures on the Religious Right.
==God Wants You to Smoke Ditchweed==
Gordon, whose voice is creepily similar to that of Bill Clinton, is a frequent co-host on the 700 Club show. During a July 14, 2010 broadcast of that show, he answered a question by asserting that selectively breeding strains of marijuana with higher levels of THC was contrary to the will of God: "That's not what God intended." By implication, the Almighty must also disapprove of the following:
*Hybrid corn
*Selection of mates based upon their attractiveness
*Apples, strawberries, bananas and other fruit with very small wild versions
*Dog breeds that aren't wolves
*Roses
*Lettuce (unless it's really bitter)
*Broccoli
*Cauliflower
*Etc.
==See also==
*American Taliban
==External links==
*700Club bio
Category:Christians
Category:Televangelists
Category:Fundamentalists
Category: Living people
Gore's Law

Gore's Law states, as coined by Terence of blog "Long Ago And Not True Anyway" in March 2008:
Immediately after making the post, commenters proceeded to nitpick at Gore — thus proving his point.
==Why Gore's Law is relevant==
The problem with attacking Al Gore is that he has absolutely fuck all to do with the science of climate change, no matter his carbon footprint,He quickly acknowledged the criticism and lived up to it. So, you know, good for him. PMRC involvement, Manbearpig, etc. You really can't find a better instance of poisoning the well. He could live in a mud hut and walk everywhere and they'd call him a hypocrite because the aglets on his shoelaces were made of plastic, a petroleum product.
Common examples and the reasons they are fallacious include:
*Al Gore is a Democrat.
::Even if this were a problem, association fallacy. It's the equivalent of a leftie rejecting calls for alternative energy because T. Boone Pickens wants it too.
*Al Gore stands to profit from climate change mitigation. Conflict of interest!
::This old saw. If money drove the science, then the Koch brothers would make it rain all over the science world, and this debate would have ended a long time ago. Also, if you see Al Gore making money as a bad thing, this is an appeal to motive and an argument from adverse consequences.
*There are x number of errors made in Al Gore's films.
::Fallacy fallacy. Just because a sub-set of his arguments could be proven wrong doesn't mean that anthropogenic global warming isn't happening.In fact, "Warmists" like Potholer54 have been quite scathing with him on occasions. Gore is a politician with zero academic expertise in climatology;He shares this title with almost all of the most voracious climate deniers. all he did was put the scientific consensus into Hollywood format.
*If Al's claims were at all genuine, he would lower his standard of living. He doesn't practice what he preaches! 
::When you see wildly-exaggerated claims like Gore telling people to "turn off all the lights in your house", you know they got their "facts" from conservative talk radio. Go look up the list of tips from An Inconvenient Truth: it's simple stuff like "check your tire pressure" and "buy energy-efficient light bulbs". Furthermore, the argument is a fallacious tu quoque anyway.
In Laanta's words: 
Was An Inconvenient Truth Nobel-worthy? It's certainly debatable. While Gore was awarded for popularizing the issue to the general public, others believe he received too much credit because the data involved was never his in the first place."Al Gore Wins the Nobel Peace Prize for Framing", Sandwalk
==See also==
*Godwin's Law
==Notes==
==References==
Category:Climatology
Category:Denialism
Category:Informal fallacies
Category:Fallacious arguments
Category:Global warming
Category:Science