nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Brad Cole

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Brad Cole is the founder of Cole Partners Asset Management, General Partner of the Tellus Natural Resources Funds. He heads the Investment Committee for Tellus, a multi-advisor fund focusing on opportunities and inefficiencies in the commodities arena. Before founding Cole Partners in 1998, Cole served as the vice president and director of sales and marketing for Sjo, Incorporated, a Chicago-based alternative investment manager. 
== Background ==
Cole's professional career spans more than 20 years in the derivatives industry and includes more than 10 years' experience developing and implementing marketing strategies for alternative investment managers.
== Education ==
University of Illinois
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Brad Giemza

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Brad Giemza is managing director and chief risk officer at R.J. O'Brien. He joined the firm in that role in October 2017.
== Background ==
Giemza has almost two decades of experience in financial services risk, clearing and technology management. Before joining RJO, he spent three years at Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (MUFG) Americas, Union Bank, serving most recently as managing director, head of investment banking and capital markets IT. 
Before MUFG he spent seven years at Newedge Group as senior director, most recently as global head of risk IT. He also held senior roles at the firm in clearing and straight-through processing. 
Early in his career, Giemza spent eight years at JPMorgan Chase, rising to vice president, technology program manager in 2004.
== Education ==
Giemza earned a bachelor of arts degree from the University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee and an MBA from DePaul University in Chicago.
== References ==	
Category:MUFG - Former Employees
Category:Newedge - Former Employees
Category:JP Morgan Chase - Former Employees
Brad Levy

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Brad Levy is the CEO of Symphony. He took over that role in June 2021. He was previously the company's president and chief commercial officer, appointed to that role in July of 2020. 
Levy was previously a managing director and global head of processing at the data and valuations firm Markit, and CEO of MarkitSERV, Markit's OTC trade processing subsidiary. He assumed the role in October 2013, when Markit appointed MarkitSERV CEO Jeff Gooch to chief financial officer of Markit. Levy also served on Markit's global management committee. In the CEO role, he oversaw the launch of the TradeServ cloud-based platform.
He was awarded the Markets Media Markets Choice Neil DeSena Market Advocate Award for his dedication to driving change as a global leader in financial services. In 2018, he was fourth on Institutional Investor’s Trading Technology 40.
He is a member of the CFTC Technology Advisory Committee.
== Background ==
Levy joined Markit as head of information distribution and strategy in January 2012, after an extensive career with Goldman Sachs, where he served most recently as managing director and global head of principal strategic investments. 
He spent 18 years at Goldman Sachs, beginning in 1994, and worked in public finance, municipal bond underwriting, and FICC eCommerce, before becoming a managing director in 2005. Earlier in his career, Levy was the chairman of CDS IndexCo LLC. Markit has owned CDS IndexCo and International Index Co. Ltd. since 2007.
He previously worked as an analyst in the public finance division at Lehman Brothers.
== Education ==
Levy holds a bachelor of science degree in general finance from State University of New York at Albany.
== References ==	
Category:Markit
Category:Goldman Sachs - Former Employees
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Brad Peterson

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Brad Peterson currently serves as executive vice president and chief technology and chief information officer (CTO/CIO) for Nasdaq. 
== Background ==
Before moving to Nasdaq in 2013, Peterson served as the CIO and executive vice president for Schwab Technology Services (STS). At STS, he was responsible for their technology innovation, development, infrastructure and operations. In addition to leading Schwab’s technology enterprise, Peterson also had responsibility for the Project Services and Offshore Services departments.
Peterson also served as CIO at eBay for five years. Before joining eBay he was the managing director and chief operating officer at Epoch Securities after its merger with Goldman Sachs in 2001. He has also held senior executive positions at companies including Epoch Partners, Pacific Bell Wireless and Pacific Telesis, which has since become part of AT&T.
==Awards==
During his time at Nasdaq, he has been named in the top 10 of Institutional Investor's trading technology 40 three times.
== Education ==
Peterson earned his Bachelor's degree in systems science and economics from UCLA and a Master's degree in management at MIT Sloan School of Management.
== References ==
Braden Janowski

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Braden Janowski is managing director and portfolio manager with UBS O'Connor. 
He has also been an entrepreneur and a provider of institutional and proprietary algorithmic and correlation trading systems. He founded and served as the CEO for TradeHelm, Inc. and Viridian S.A.
He is also the founder and former CEO of Greenline Financial Technologies, Inc. (GFT), which he sold to MarketAxess Holdings in early 2008.
Janowski's professional accomplishments include the implementation of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) FIX 4.2 Gateway process, management of the Greenline Financial Technologies, Inc., development of proprietary FIX software packages, and management of the architectural specification of next-generation trade matching technology.
In the summer of 2010, Janowski invested in 430 acres of Michigan corn fields, winning the auction with a $4-million bid.
== Background ==
Janowski began his career as a software engineer at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME). At the CME, he became a lead technologist in the design, implementation, testing, and deployment of the Globex trading system. In 2000, he left the CME to start Greenline Financial Technologies, a company he owned and operated in the capacity of CEO in until its sale to MarketAxess Holdings in 2008.
In addition to Janowski's technical expertise, he has extensive experience trading and making markets within multiple asset classes through the use of high-frequency proprietary trading technology.
== Education ==
*Computer Engineering, Oklahoma University
== References ==
Category:Tradehelm
Category:Viridian S.A.
Category:CME Group
Bradley G. Griffith

Bradley G. Griffith is the managing member of Specialists DPM, LLC, a market-making firm. 
== Background ==
Griffith has been a member of CBOE since 1980 and has owned a CBOE membership since 1982. He joined CBOE’s board of directors in 2005 and chaired and served on numerous committees at the exchange throughout his career. Griffith is the managing member of Specialists DPM, LLC, a CBOE Designated Primary Market Maker responsible for creating market liquidity by providing continuous quoting in more than 10,000 options series. He also is a principal in Edge Specialists, LLC, a provider of quoting software for options traders.
He is the co-founder of the Tiffani Kim Institute, the country’s first Medi-Spa. Additionally, he owns several real estate companies that operate and manage properties in Illinois, Indiana and Michigan.
== Education ==
Griffith received a bachelor’s degree in Business from Indiana University in 1978.
==Video==
*Security Traders Association, Boca Raton, FL, 2007
== References ==	
Category:Bios - Board Members
Category:CBOE
Category:CBOE - Former Board Members
Bradley I. Abelow

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Bradley I. Abelow is the president and chief operating officer of MF Global Holdings Ltd. He joined the company in September of 2010.
Abelow oversees the day-to-day execution of MF Global’s strategy and has direct responsibility overseeing risk, operations, client services, human resources, information technology, procurement and real estate activities for all MF Global entities in a dozen countries around the world. He serves as a member of the firm’s senior management team and the office of the CEO, reporting to Jon S. Corzine, MF Global’s chairman and chief executive officer.
Abelow serves as chairman of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Environmental Finance Advisory Board. He is also a trustee of The Century Foundation and Just Vision.
== Background ==
Prior to joining MF Global, Abelow was a founding partner of NewWorld Capital Group, a private equity firm investing in businesses active in environmental opportunities, such as alternative energy, energy efficiency, waste and water treatment, and environmental services.
Before co-founding NewWorld, he was chief of staff to Corzine during his tenure as governor of the state of New Jersey. Prior to that, Abelow served as treasurer of the state of New Jersey.
Abelow also previously was a partner and managing director of The Goldman Sachs Group, where he managed the firm’s operations division, which was responsible for the global processing and corporate services functions of the firm. Earlier, he was responsible for Goldman Sachs’ operations, technology, risk and finance functions in Asia, based in Hong Kong. He joined Goldman Sachs in 1989 in the investment banking division’s corporate finance department.
== Education ==
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Bradley Katsuyama

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Brad Katsuyama is the president and CEO of IEX Group, as well as a co-founder. He has more than 13 years of experience in the securities trading industry.
Institutional Investor named him as one of the 2014 Trading Technology 40. 
== Background ==
Before co-founding IEX in 2012, Katsuyama spent 12 years at RBC Capital Markets, most recently as global head of electronic sales and trading. In that role, he was responsible for multiple global teams including: electronic sales, electronic trading, algorithmic trading, market structure strategy, client implementation and product management. His prior management roles at RBC were head of U.S. cash equity trading, head of U.S. hedge fund coverage, and head of U.S. technology trading. 
He started out at RBC in 2001 as a program trader.
Katsuyama led the effort at RBC to improve their stock trading business. Using a team he hired from banks and high speed trading firms, he aimed to look at ways equities market structure was putting investors at a disadvantage.
The first issue his team addressed was traders having difficulty getting their trades executed at exchanges that were geographically closer to RBC. The team discovered traders at exchanges that were farther away had speed advantages that allowed them to cancel orders on one exchange and raise the price on other exchanges. This had the impact of raising the average price RBC customers paid for executing equity buy orders.
As a result of this discovery, the team created a trading program called Thor, which slowed down the speed that orders hit exchanges to synchronize them so that high speed traders could not take advantage of this information.
Katsuyama and his team were profiled in author Michael Lewis' book "Flash Boys: A Wall Street Revolt." The book was previewed on the U.S. television program 60 minutes, including several segments with Katsuyama.
On June 17, 2014, he testified before the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations about potential conflicts of interest in high frequency trading. Although in a previous television interview he had referred to the markets as "rigged," he stepped back somewhat from that assessment in the hearing, saying that although "...investors are systematically disadvantaged in the way that markets have been set up,” "the investment process is not broken." 
== Education ==
In 2001, Katsuyama earned a BBA in finance from Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario.
== References ==	
Category:RBC Capital Markets - Former Employees
Bradley Samuels

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Brad Samuels is the vice president of systems development at CBOE Holdings, Inc. He was appointed to this position as a part of CBOE's reorganization in February 2012.
== Background ==
Samuels was formerly the department head of client and exchange data development at the Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE) from October 2003 to February 2012. Before that, he was the director of object-oriented server development at CBOE for five years. From September 1995 to September 1998, Samuels was a senior engineer at CBOE, specializing in development and architecture for real-time trading systems and market data distribution systems, among other things. He is a recreational ice hockey player and has been with CBOE for more than 22 years.
== Education ==
*Aurora University (1984 – 1989)
== References ==	
Category:CBOE
Brady Commission

The Presidential Task Force on Market Mechanisms, also known as the Brady Commission, was set up to study the stock market decline of October 1987. He commission, formerly named the Presidential Task Force on Market Mechanisms was chaired by former U.S. Senator Nicholas Brady, who later served as Secretary of the Treasury in the cabinet of U.S. President George Herbert Walker Bush.
The Brady group recommended the Fed be given new regulatory authority over key intermarket issues such as circuit breakers, margins and clearing systems.
The Brady Commission produced a report in 60 days.
== References ==
Category:Market Studies
Brady Fletcher

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Brady Fletcher is the managing director of TSX Venture Exchange, the public venture market owned by TMX. He joined the company in that role on October 31, 2016. He is based in Vancouver. 
== Background ==
Fletcher has spent his career in Canada's venture market, with specialized experience working with small companies to develop financing, M&A and business development strategies. Most recently, he served as managing director of Sea to Sky Equities Inc., an independent advisory practice working with early stage companies. He was also the founder and CEO of Blackbook Technologies Inc., a start-up technology firm. He previously served as director of strategic relationship at Chrysalix Energy Venture Capital and held senior investment banking positions at Canaccord Genuity Corp.
== Education ==
Fletcher holds a B.Sc. in Computer Engineering from Queen's University.
== References ==
Brady W. Dougan

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Brady W. Dougan is the former chief executive officer of Credit Suisse Group and Credit Suisse. He also was a member of the executive boards of Credit Suisse Group and Credit Suisse.
== Background ==
Before assuming the role of CEO, Dougan served as CEO of the Credit Suisse Investment Bank. He also served as CEO of Credit Suisse Americas, where he oversaw Investment Banking, Private Banking and Asset Management in the region. Before joining the Credit Suisse First Boston in 1990, Dougan was part of the Derivatives Group at Bankers Trust Company.
== History ==
In December of 2010, Dougan announced that Credit Suisse would issue billions of dollars in contingent-capital bonds in 2011 to help the bank's financial strength ahead of new Swiss regulations. He called them "coco" bonds and aims to insure investors and regulators that there is adequate demand for the bank's debt. The banks bullish stand on cocos differs from their competitors at UBS who has said it would not consider issuing these instruments in the near future. 
== Education ==
Dougan received a B.A. in Economics in 1981 and an MBA in Finance in 1982 from the University of Chicago. 
== Registration Information ==
*
== References ==	
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Branch and bound

Branch and bound, or "BnB," is a cryptocurrency trading technique designed to reduce trading fees.
== The problem ==
Technically, a single, whole cryptocurrency (for example, one bitcoin) is not comprised of a single bundle of code. It is comprised of multiple "chunks" of data called "unspent transaction outputs" (UTXOs) - unused fragments of bitcoin left over from previous transactions.
Sometimes, a user may try to send an amount of bitcoin made up of a cluster of UTXOs that is so small, the value they are trying to send is exceeded by the fees required to carry out the transaction.
The term "dust" is used to describe UTXOs of bitcoin so small, they aren't worth spending - what's the point of using bitcoin to buy a pack fo gum that costs $1.50 if you need to spend an additional $3 in mining and transaction fees just to make the payment?
== How BnB works ==
BnB is an algorithm designed to avoid this problem. It does so by choosing the best combination of existing UXTOs from the sender's bitcoin wallet to see if there is a combination that rounds out to as close as possible to exactly the amount a user wishes to send.
==References==
Category: trading
Category: definitions
Category: cryptocurrency
Category: bitcoin
Brandon Becker

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On Feb. 20, 2009, Brandon Becker was appointed executive vice president and chief legal officer of TIAA-CREF, a national financial services organization with $363 billion in combined assets under management. He is responsible for leading the company's legal and compliance, government relations and internal audit functions.
== Background ==
Becker came to TIAA-CREF from the law firm of WilmerHale, where he was a partner in the firm's securities department and chair of its Broker-Dealer Compliance and Regulation Practice Group. Before joining WilmerHale in 1996, Becker completed an 18-year career at the Securities and Exchange Commission, where he held a series of successively senior positions before becoming director of the Division of Market Regulation and then special advisor to the chairman for international derivatives. 
== Education ==
Becker has a BS, summa cum laude from the University of Minnesota, a JD, magna cum laude, from the University of San Diego Law School, where he was articles editor of the San Diego Law Review, and an LLM from Columbia Law School.
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Bratislava Stock Exchange

The Bratislava Stock Exchange (BSSE) is the sole organizer of a regulated market of securities in the Slovak Republic. It was founded in 1991 in compliance with a decree of the Ministry of Finance of the Slovak Republic. Trading started on the BSSE in April of 1993.
 
== History ==
 
* The exchange launched online trading on June 6, 1994. 
* The official date of BSSE foundation and registration in the commercial registry is March 15, 1991.
* On Jan. 1 of 1995 the BSSE was granted admission to an inter-bank clearing system as the start of providing complex clearing and settlement of executed trades. 
* On March 13 of 2006, it was announced that Bratislava Bourse shareholders had approved the transfer of the Central Depository assets into the capital of the bourse. 
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
== Resources == 
* List of BSSE Members
== References ==
Category:Exchanges
Brazilian real

The real is the national currency of Brazil. The standard abbreviation is "BRL" and its symbol is "R$." The modern-day real was introduced on July 1, 1994, and is maintained by Brazil's central bank, the Banco Central do Brasil ("BCB"). 
==History==
The real was first introduced to the country by its Portuguese founders in the 16th century, and went through several iterations until 1942, when it was replaced by the cruzeiro ("Cr$). In 1993, the cruziero was replaced first by the cruzeiro-real and, in July 1994, with the modern-day real. The changes were enacted essentially to raise the nominal value of the nation's currency after decades of massive inflation: 
*On August 1, 1993, Cr$ 1,700,500 (one million, seven hundred thousand and five hundred "cruzeiros") came to be expressed as CR$ 1,700.50 (one thousand and seven hundred "cruzeiros reais" and fifty "centavos").
*On July 1, 1994, CR$ 11,000,000 (eleven million "cruzeiros reais") came to be expressed as R$ 4,000 (four thousand "reais").
==References==
Breakwater Capital

Breakwater Capital LLC was a large equity options participant. In 2006, Chicago-based Breakwater Capital and Chicago-based proprietary trading firm PEAK6 Investments, L.P. merged under the PEAK6 name. The merged entity has offices in Chicago; San Francisco; New York; Edison, N.J., and Avon, Colo.
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
Breakwater was founded by hedge fund manager Tom Rubio. Rubio continues to head up Breakwater Trading, a Chicago-based proprietary trading firm which started as a subsidiary of Breakwater Capital.
 
== References ==
Category:Acquired Companies
Category:Companies Based in Chicago
Brendan Bradley

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Brendan Bradley is a derivatives executive, a FinTech investor and entrepreneur and the chairman of Tokenovate, a UK-based financial services company. He joined the company in that role in April of 2023. 
In June of 2023, he also became a guest lecturer in FinTech Strategy at the University of East London.
He was also a co-founder of Seismic Foundry and served as the chairman of ipushpull, a data sharing and workflow automation platform. He was named to that post in April 2019.
Bradley is also non-executive chairman at Global Alternatives, an independent owner and operator of marketplace platforms.
== Background ==
Previously, Bradley was an executive board member and chief innovation officer at Eurex. He left in May of 2016 after nearly 10 years with the company and is credited with four direct investments in early stage firms at Eurex, including the seeding of Illuminate Financial, a specialist FinTech VC fund, and helping set up Deutsche Boerse's DB1 Corporate Venture Fund.
Prior to that role, he served as global head of product strategy at Eurex, responsible for all derivative product development and maintenance at the exchange. He is a non-executive director of GMEX and Digital Vega FX. Beginning in September 2015 he also served as chairman of Deutsche Boerse Asia Holdings, with oversight of Eurex Asia.
Before joining Eurex Bradley was an independent consultant within the derivatives markets. During that time, he undertook a number of tasks ranging from strategic business reviews to product and business development projects and market intelligence reports for exchanges, trading companies and software vendors.
Earlier, he was a full-time consultant to the product development group and to the board at Eurex and its forerunner Deutsche Terminbörse (DTB). Before that, he worked for LIFFE for eight years.
== Education ==
*City University London, MBA, Finance, 1993 – 1995
*St. Bonaventure's School, 1975 – 1982
== References ==	
Category:Eurex - Former Employees
Category:Eurex
Category:Eurex Senior Management
Category:LIFFE
Brendan R. Kalb

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Brendan R. Kalb is a New York based attorney who currently serves as the general counsel of ExodusPoint Capital Management LP
Formerly, he was a partner at Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP and before that the general counsel of AQR Capital Management, LLC, a global investment management firm. He joined AQR in 2004.
Kalb has been an executive vice president of various AQR Funds in fund complex since 2009 and secretary since 2008. 
He is a member of the board of advisors of the Institute for Law and Economics at the University of Pennsylvania Law School.
== Background ==
Kalb was a candidate for the board of directors of the National Futures Association in 2013, however he lost the election to the incumbent. In November of 2014, Kalb was again nominated for the NFA board in the CTA/CPO category.
== Education ==
Kalb holds a juris doctor degree.
== References ==	
Category:National Futures Association
Category:AQR - Former Employees
Category:Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP - Former Employees