nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
American National Standards Institute

The American National Standards Institute serves as the coordinator of the U.S. voluntary standards and conformity assessment system. It provides the means for the U.S. to influence global standardization activities and the development of international standards. ANSI is also the administrator of a pilot accreditation program for third-party bodies working to validate and verify GHG emission assertions for a broad spectrum of industries. 
== News ==
In July of 2008, ANSI signed a memorandum of understanding with the Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX) as part of a continuing effort to enhance its accreditation program for GHG verification bodies. Through the memorandum, the two parties pledged to cooperate in the creation of an accreditation program for GHG verification bodies concerning CCX emissions offset and commercial forestry projects.
 
== History ==
ANSI was founded on Oct. 19, 1918. It was originally established as the American Engineering Standards Committee (AESC).
ANSI adopted its present name in 1969. Throughout various reorganizations and name changes, ANSI continued to coordinate national and international standards activities and to approve voluntary national standards, now known as American National Standards. Domestic programs were constantly expanded and modified to meet the changing needs of industry, government and other sectors.
ANSI is the official U.S. representative to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and, via the U.S. National Committee, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). ANSI is also a member of the International Accreditation Forum (IAF). 
Regionally, ANSI is the U.S. member of the Pacific Area Standards Congress (PASC) and the Pan-American Standards Commission (COPANT). ANSI is also a member of the Pacific Accreditation Cooperation (PAC) and via the ANSI-ASQ National Accreditation Board (ANAB), a member of the Inter-American Accreditation Cooperation (IAAC).
== Products and Services ==
== Membership ==
Members of ANSI include trade associations, labor unions, professional societies, standards developing organizations, private industry, academe, and government.
== Key People ==
*Chairman of the Board, Robert W. Noth, Deere & Company
*Vice Chairman, Laura E. Hitchcock, Boeing Company
== References ==
Category:Industry Economic Organizations
Category:Environmental Markets
American Securitization Forum

The American Securitization Forum (ASF) is a a broadly-based professional forum through which participants in the U.S. securitization market can advocate their common interests on important legal, regulatory, and market practice issues.The ASF membership encompasses all aspects of the securitization industry, including issuers, investors, financial intermediaries, rating agencies, legal and accounting firms, trustees, servicers, guarantors, and all other market participants.
== History ==
On January 14, 2010 ASF announced that it was parting administrative ways with the global trade body, the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (SIFMA). The organization hoped that by splitting from SIFMA, it would help the organization to develop its role as a central player in the US securitization markets.
A statement issued by ASF's board said: "The Forum will now function as a completely independent organization exclusively focused on serving its members and all facets of the securitization markets, as well as the critically important task of restarting the vital flow of credit to American consumers and businesses"
== Products and Services ==
ASF advocates the securitization industry’s interests in various market practice, legal, accounting, tax, regulatory, legislative and policy issues, and it works towards building consensus, coordinating advocacy efforts, and informing and educating the securitization community and related constituencies on issues of broad importance to the industry.
== Key People ==
*Tom Deutsch, Executive Director
== References ==
Category:American Securitization Forum
American Soybean Association

The American Soybean Association (ASA) is a non-profit organization that represents the interests of U.S. soybean producers through policy advocacy and international market development. The Association's efforts are guided by a commitment to produce food, feed and energy in an environmentally sustainable manner. 
ASA is represented on the CFTC's Subcommittee on Convergence in Agricultural Commodity Markets by Steve Wellman. 
== History ==
Founded in 1920, the ASA was incorporated in February 1946. World headquarters were established in St. Louis, Missouri in 1978. 
== Products and Services ==
== Membership ==
ASA membership includes approximately 22,000 U.S. soybean producers. There also are 25 state affiliates. 
== Key People ==
*Brad Doyle, President
*Daryl Cates, Vice President
*Kevin Scott, Chairman
== References ==
Category:American Soybean Association
Americas Trading Group

Americas Trading Group is a Rio de Janeiro-based platform for electronic order execution serving markets in Brazil, USA, Mexico, Chile, Colombia, Peru and Argentina. ATG consolidates and manages connections between brokers, end customers and stock exchanges in Latin America.
== History ==
In November 2012, NYSE partnered with ATG to provide access to exchanges in Latin America. ATG and NYSE Euronext announced their plans to create a stock exchange in Brazil, Americas Trading System Brasil. 
In September 2013, ATG announced a partnership with Risk Office to create a new clearinghouse in Brazil. The joint venture intends to provide a full range of clearing and settlement services for transactions in Brazilian capital market. 
== Products and Services ==
ATG offers buy-and sell-side support for electronic trading, including low-latency connectivity, pre-trade risk management, execution, market data services and co-location. ATG's systems were developed by NYSE Technologies, the data and infrastructure services division of Intercontinental Exchange Group Inc.'s NYSE Euronext subsidiary.
ATG connects customers to global exchanges via DMA2, and also supplies products, services and solutions through ATG’s electronic trading platform .
== Membership ==
== Key People ==
*Fernando Martin Cohen, CEO
*Arthur Pinheiro Machado, Chief Operating Officer
*Francisco A. Gurgel Valente, Chief Business and Product Development Officer
== References ==
Americas Trading System Brasil

The Americas Trading System Brasil (ATS Brasil) is a stock trading platform that plans to launch in 2014, with the goal of becoming the first competitor to Brazil's only stock-exchange operator, BM&FBovespa. ATS Brasil is 80-percent owned by Americas Trading Group (ATG), a Rio de Janeiro-based trading systems operator. Intercontinental Exchange Group Inc.'s NYSE Euronext subsidiary owns the other 20 percent of the venture and provides the technology.
 
ATS Brasil will use NYSE Technologies’ Universal Trading Platform, and will operate initially as a so-called organized over-the-counter market. ATS Brasil applied for authorization from Brazil's Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM) in June of 2012 and is awaiting approval of the Central Bank of Brazil.
It's anticipated the venture that may boost trading volumes in Latin America's biggest equity market by 15 percent within its first year of operation. 
== History ==
ATG and NYSE Euronext announced plans to launch ATS Brasil in November of 2012. 
In September of 2013, ATS Brazil announced a joint venture with Risk Office, a risk consulting and assessment company in Brazil, to create a clearinghouse for the Brazilian capital markets. The clearinghouse will be governed and operated separately from ATS Brasil itself, and it will be based in Rio de Janeiro.
In a February 2014 interview, ATS Brasil CEO Alan Gandelman said that the launch of ATS and other alternative platforms have been hindered by the refusal of BM&FBovespa to act as central counterparty clearer to other entities. Gandelman said ATS is building its own clearing unit, and expects approval by the Banco Central do Brasil by the third quarter of 2014. If approved, ATS Brasil will launch in early 2015. 
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
* Alan Gandelman, CEO
== References ==
Category:Trading Platform
Category:NYSE Euronext
Category:ATS Brasil
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Amherst Holdings LLC

Amherst Holdings is a holding company for financial firms focused on serving institutional investors in the markets for mortgage-related assets. Amherst Holdings emphasizes an analytical approach to these markets that focuses on the credit and performance characteristics of mortgage assets. It owns the subsidiaries Amherst Derivatives (a liquidity provider and intermediary in the mortgage-related interest rate and credit derivatives markets) and Amherst Securities (a broker-dealer specializing in residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS)). 
The 15-year-old firm has been a player in the mortgage market for a long time, but has more recently been attempting to compete with banks weakened by the 2007-? credit crisis. It hired bankers, traders and analysts who left banks such as Bear Stearns and UBS, while also raising capital to expanding its trading activities. 
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
== References ==
Amherst Securities Group LP

Amherst Securities Group LP is a dealer and market maker in mortgage-backed securities (MBS), agency securities and select fixed-income investments.
Amherst is a registered broker-dealer with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC). Amherst is also an approved underwriter for Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Home Loan Bank System.
In March of 2009, Amherst analysts wrote in a report that banks and insurers are unlikely to sell many mortgage securities as a result of U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner’s plan to bolster bids for the bonds to revive lending, in part because of a likely accounting change.
 
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
== References ==
Category:Broker Dealers
Amir Zaidi

__NOTOC__ 
Amir Zaidi is global head of compliance at TP ICAP, an inter-dealer broker. He was named to the post in September 2019, and is responsible for 73 compliance professionals across 14 offices at the firm. 
Before joining TP ICAP, he served as the head of the Division of Market Oversight at the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). He was appointed to that role in January of 2017. 
Zaidi had been with the CFTC since 2010, serving in various roles for commissioners and in the division of market oversight (DMO). He was the legal counsel and policy advisor for the Office of Commissioner Giancarlo since August 2014 and was the commissioner’s point person on market structure issues, including automated trading and swap execution facilities (SEFs).
He advised then Acting Chairman J. Christopher Giancarlo additionally on cross-border harmonization, swap dealer capital and margin rules, cybersecurity, data reporting, and end-user issues. Zaidi was previously chief counsel and policy advisor to former CFTC Commissioner Scott D. O’Malia and special counsel in the DMO, where he served as team leader for the development and implementation of SEF rules.
Zaidi was responsible for the implementation of a number of policies related to cryptocurrency trading. While working under Commissioner Giancarlo, he set policy on bitcoin futures trading, as well as redrafting the CFTC's rules for OTC swaps markets.
== Background ==
Before joining the CFTC in 2010, Zaidi was an associate in the corporate and securities group at Arnold and Porter LLP. He also held various financial analyst roles at Goldman Sachs and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York prior to attending law school. 
== Education ==
Zaidi received his Juris Doctorate, cum laude, from the University of Maryland School of Law and a Bachelor of Science in business administration, summa cum laude, from Boston University School of Business.
== References ==	
Category:Arnold & Porter - Former Employees
Category:Goldman Sachs - Former Employees
Category:Federal Reserve Bank - Former Employees
Category:CFTC - Former Employees
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Amit Muni

__NOTOC__
Amit Muni is the principal accounting officer of International Securities Exchange (ISE) and ISE Holdings.
== Background ==
He joined ISE in July 2003 from Instinet Group Inc., where he was vice president in their finance division. While at Instinet, Muni served on a team primarily responsible for their initial public offering. Prior he was a manager in the capital markets practice of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP where he provided audit and business advisory services to broker-dealers. Muni also served in the accounting and internal audit departments of the National Securities Clearing Corp. 
== Education ==
Muni is a certified public accountant (CPA) and a graduate of Pace University.
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:International Securities Exchange
Amma Boateng

__NOTOC__ 
Amma Boateng is currently managing director, head of U.S. Intermediary Distribution with The Vanguard Group, a role she assumed in January 2024. From 2020 until 2024, Boateng served as managing director of Vanguard’s Financial Advisor Services Division, which provides investments, services, education, and research to more than 1,000 financial advisory firms representing nearly $3 trillion in assets. 
== Background ==
Boateng joined Vanguard in 2004 as a financial administrator. During her tenure, she headed the channel in Financial Advisor Services that supports wire houses and independent and regional broker-dealers. She served in the company's Investment Management Group, its Corporate Strategy department and its Finance and Personal Investor divisions.
== Education ==
Boateng earned an AB in English and economics from Dartmouth College and an MBA from the Stanford Graduate School of Business.
== References ==
Amman Stock Exchange

__NOTOC__
Jordan's Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) is one of the Middle East's mid-sized securities exchanges with a total market capitalization of about US$31.5 billion, less than half that of number three-ranked Qatar Exchange. Once one of the region's fastest-growing small exchanges, growth has slowed as non-Jordanian Arab investors lost enthusiasm for Jordan's stock market from 2007 to 2009.
The ASE is a member exchange of the World Federation of Exchanges.
== Background ==
The Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) was established early 1999 as a private, independent institution governed by a seven-member board of directors with membership consisting of Jordan's 70-odd brokerages. The ASE was first admitted to the World Federation of Exchanges (WFE) as an affiliate member in 2004, the same year that the base values of the ASE's weighted and unweighted price index was changed from 100 to 1,000.
From 2002 until 2007, the year before the global financial collapse, the ASE grew quickly from a market capitalization of 5 billion Jordanian dinars to 29.2 billion Jordanian dinars over the 5-year period. But since 2007 the ASE's growth has slowed as the global investment downturn has taken hold. Market cap peaked at around 29 billion Jordanian dinars in 2007 but two years later had dropped to 22.5 billion Jordanian dinars while the ASE index fell from 7519 to 5520 over the same period. Listings continued to grow, however, rising from 245 corporations in 2007 to 272 last year. 
Early signs in 2010 indicate that foreign investment on the ASE was continuing its recent decline. In January 2010 the total value of shares bought by non-Jordanians on the exchange fell by $25 million compared to the $7.1 million increase in January 2009. For the whole of 2009, net foreign investment on the ASE fell by $5.4 million whereas 2008 saw a net increase of $440 million. Most foreign investment on the ASE originates from other Arab countries in the Middle East region. 
In 2009 the ASE upgraded its NSC V900 electronic trading service and also a more interactive Web site. Nonetheless, trading volume on the ASE dropped by more than half in 2009 although share turnover held firm, while the ASE index fell by 8.1 percent. Last year was also bad news for the ASE's largest company by market capitalization, Arab Bank Group, whose pre-tax profit plunged 31% to $783 million due largely to non-peforming loans. Arab Bank's ASE share price dropped from 13 Jordanian dinars on Feb. 11, 2008 to 11.3 on the same date in 2009.
== Key people ==
Jalil Tarif has held the position of chief executive officer of the ASE since its creation in 1999 and prior to that spent six years as deputy director general of the ASE's predecessor, the Amman Financial Market (AFM). He also chairs the global NSC-UNIX users group and the technical committee of the Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges (FEAS). 
== References ==
Category:Exchanges
Category:Stock Exchanges
Category:European Exchanges
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Category:World Federation of Exchange Member
Ammar Al-Joundi

__NOTOC__ 
Ammar Al-Joundi is senior vice-president of finance, as well as chief financial officer for Agnico-Eagle Mines Ltd. He was appointed to the position in 2010.
== Background ==
Prior to joining Agnico-Eagle Mines, Al-Joundi spent 11 years at Barrick Gold Corp. in various senior financial roles including: senior vice-president of finance, senior vice-president of business strategy and capital allocation, and two years as executive director and CFO of Barrick South America.
Prior to that, Al-Joundi spent 8 years as an investment banker with Citibank Canada.
== Education ==
Al-Joundi is a graduate of the Ivey Business School (M.B.A.) at the University of Western Ontario, and has his undergraduate degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Toronto.
== References ==	
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Agnico-Eagle Mines
Amsterdam Stock Exchange

The Amsterdam Stock Exchange opened in 1611 and is regarded as the world’s first organized stock market. The market formalized what had previously been a relatively informal trade in shares in the Dutch East India Company, which was seeking funds to continue its exploration and exploitation in the Far East.
In 1978, the Amsterdam Stock Exchange Association launched the European Options Exchange, the first options exchange in Europe and the second in the world. The Amsterdam Stock Exchange Association and the European Options Exchange merged in 1997, after the stock exchange abandoned its membership structure. 
The Amsterdam Stock Exchange merged with the Brussels Stock Exchange and the Paris Stock Exchange in 2000 to form Euronext. Today it is known as Euronext Amsterdam as part of the NYSE Euronext group.
== Photos ==
*Moveable 360-degree-camera views of our Amsterdam trading floor – ANP
John Lothian Rings the closing bell
== References ==
Category:Exchanges
Category:Stock Exchanges
Category:European Exchanges
Amy Clack

__NOTOC__ 
Amy Clack currently serves as chief administrative officer for Tradeweb Markets, where she oversees operations, business integration, risk and corporate services. She also is a member of the firm's executive committee.
== Background == 
Before joining Tradeweb in 2024, Clack spent a year as head of strategy and innovation with the corporate and investment bank at Wells Fargo. Before Wells Fargo, she spent 25 years at Credit Suisse in a range of global management roles, including head of business development, chief operating officer and head of strategy. She supported the business' strategic plans across functions including risk, operations, human capital, technology and innovation, marketing and sustainability. 
Clack began her career in 1996 as a communications and business analyst with UBS.
== Education ==
Clack earned her BA in English from the University of Delaware in 1991 and MA in performing arts administration from New York University in 1994.
== References ==	
Category:Credit Suisse - Former Employees
Amy Farnstrom

__NOTOC__ 
Amy Farnstrom is a senior vice president of business technology and head of product strategy for the U.S. options business at NYSE Euronext. She is responsible for technology initiatives and the San Francisco trading floor. She reports to Steven Crutchfield. 
She took on this role in September 2012 following a management shakeup at the firm that saw Steve Crutchfield take over as the sole head of NYSE Euronext's U.S. option exchanges and the departure of her fellow Co-CEO Paul Finnegan. Finnegan and Farnstrom had shared the CEO role since December of 2010 following former NYSE Arca CEO Ed Boyle's departure.
In addition to her responsibilities at NYSE Arca, Farnstrom is an instructor at The Options Industry Council. 
== Background ==
Farnstrom has been with NYSE Euronext since 2005 and has over 19 years experience in the options industry. While at NYSE Euronext, Farnstrom helped build the new NYSE Arca and NYSE Amex Options trading systems. 
Prior to the merger, she was also the director of client services for the Pacific Exchange. 
Farnstrom was also an options market maker at the Pacific Exchange, Oppenheimer and SLK Hull Derivatives. 
== Education ==
Farnstrom graduated from Hastings College in Hastings, NE with a degree in English. 
== References ==	
Category: Bios - Executives
Category:NYSE Euronext
Category:NYSE Arca
Category:Options
Amy McCormick

__NOTOC__ 
Amy McCormick is first vice president, financial risk management, at OCC. She was appointed to that newly created position on June 28, 2017, and reports to Dale Michaels, executive vice president, financial risk management. McCormick was previously managing director of compliance for the National Futures Association. 
== Background ==
McCormick joined the NFA in 2015. Her responsibilities include overseeing examinations, investigations, and risk management teams. Among other responsibilities, these teams work with members to assist them in understanding NFA's rules regarding Information Systems Security Programs and ensure that members are complying with those rules. Before joining NFA, McCormick spent 12 years working for the CME Group. As executive director of risk management, her role included managing market risk, as well as leading the implementation of new risk management systems. McCormick's position also entailed leading reviews of clearing firms to assess their risk management, financial, and operational procedures.
Before the NFA, McCormick served as an executive director at CME Group in risk management from 2012 to 2015, where she led an initiative on real-time risk management. She joined CME Group in 2003 and held a series of roles there with increasing responsibilities in risk management. McCormick also worked from 2002 to 2003 as a treasury analyst for Sears, Roebuck, and Co., and from 1997 to 2000 as a consultant for Tetra Tech EM, Inc. She began her career in 1995 as a research analyst for the U.S. Department of Energy.
== Education ==
McCormick has a B.S. from the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, an M.S. from Vanderbilt University, and an M.B.A. from the Booth School of Business at the University of Chicago.
== References ==