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A Short History Of Clay Pipes

A Short History of Clay Pipes, by Heather Coleman
Pipes of clay were first smoked in England after the introduction of tobacco from Virginia in the late 16th Century. Devon born sea captain, Sir Walter Raleigh, who founded colonies in the New World, was one of the first to promote this novel habit, although religious leaders did not approve and persecuted people for it. In the native Indian tribes of what we now call America, smoking had already been an important ritual that had been practiced for many centuries before.
At first only the rich could afford tobacco, being an expensive luxury, although farmers soon began to cultivate fields of it here in England. However, King James 1st was not favorable and had crops destroyed. This proved to be unpopular with the people and so tobacco was then imported with tax applied. In other parts of Europe people were put to death for smoking, and yet during times of plague men, women and children were forced to smoke as it was thought to be a cure.
The habit spread quickly across the country and by the mid 17th Century the manufacture of clay pipes was a well established trade. By 1680-1700, when the industry reached a peak, almost every town and city in England had pipe makers. Millions were being produced not only for local use but also for export. The size of the pipe bowl was increased over the decades to keep up with fashion and to allow more tobacco to be consumed. Long pipes allowed a cooler smoke, but also broke more easily and so they were often thrown away on the spot after use.
Around 1720 a huge industrial decline took place due to conflict within Europe and America. Snuff taking in the upper classes became popular and smoking was discouraged because of health risks. Clay pipes came back into fashion again in the 19th Century along with industrial revival and population growth. By then Dutch, French and German designers as well as English were competing for attention in a huge world market where production was also elevated to a grand form of art. Almost every aspect of everyday life was celebrated on a clay pipe including: plants, animals, birds, Coats of Arms, Royal events, names of Inns, Masonic 
symbolism, sporting events, advertising, heads of celebrities and even characters from mythology.
The beginning of the 20th Century was still a prosperous period; however, by the 1930’s clay pipes were in low demand once again due to changes in society, competition from the cigarette and World Wars. The humble clay that had once been so commonplace had come another full circle and, in our modern times, has been returned back to a novelty status enjoyed on occasions by collectors, nostalgic smokers and re-enactors of times past.
A very brief Bio of Jim Lilley – Peterson Pipe Collector

As a very brief introduction to you the reader of these Pipe Chronicles, my name is Jim Lilley. I am a retired Gentleman of Celtic origin, currently residing in Scotland,United Kingdom.
I am both a smoker and collector of the Peterson brand of Pipes. To say I am driven by my obsession for Peterson pipes would be an understatement. Particularly with reference to it's origins and it's history. It was the lack of any real historical literary references that encouraged me to start developing these 'Peterson Pipe Chronicles' for Pipedia. This work ,of which I am extremely proud, is not yet finished ,as I see it is a constant 'work in progress'. 
I would encourage those who may not have read it, to do so. Particularly if you are new to the world of Peterson. I would like to think of this humble work as a guide, to particularly new smokers and those who may be considering collecting them. 
Following years of smoking and collecting a variety of well known mainstream and artisan pipe brands. I decided to concentrate solely on collecting the Peterson brand.
I just naturally, and comfortably migrated to them. Like me they were of Celtic origin. My ancestors having drifted over from Ireland to Scotland in the early 1800's.
I found them to have an affinity with my expectation for quality and value, in their honest simplicity and reasonable pricing. Equally they are not gaudy or pretentious, handsomely classic in appearance and most of all, they smoke well.
My initial Peterson 'apprenticeship' was forged in acquiring a smooth 314 system and a 'Baskerville' Sherlock Holmes. My positive learning experience with both of these led to acquiring various others.
In time 'I reviewed the situation' ,so to speak and took the decision to apply a more systematic approach to my burgeoning collection of random Peterson pipes.
I now channel my energies into maintaining, several mini Peterson sub collections to help maintain order from the chaos. I find this necessary, given the huge selection of series that Peterson have and are still producing. 
My main collection of around 300- 400 Peterson pipes, now consists of the following sub groupings. including Patents, pre-Republics,Sherlock Holmes, Mark Twain's, Darwin's, Peterson London made pipes,'Star' and 'Red' Standard Systems, Year pipes, Anniversary, Commemorative and modern higher grade pipes.
I am now most definitely a serious collector of the brand and distinguish between my considerable number of dedicated smoking rotation pipes and those which are purely collectables and remain un-smoked and in pristine Museum condition.
I hope this brief insight gives you a taste what contributed to my current Peterson affliction and that you enjoyed the 'crack' and blarney from an old Scot's Pete Nut! 
“Ye're a long time deid” (Old Scots)– Enjoy life while it lasts.
Aalbørg

The Aalbørg by Erik Nørding actually bears the full title "Aalbørg Tinder Box Freehand by Erik Nørding", and is made for the Tinder Box. The pipes are stamped "Tinder Box Freehand" along with the Nørding name, and are available in smooth or rustic finishes and several freehand shapes. These pipes are only available in select Tinder Box locations. The retail price of pipes in this line is currently $89.95.
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Category: Pipe makers by nationality
Category: Denmark
Abbey Pipes

Abbey Pipes
(Address: 1 Darnton Gardens, Ashton-Under-Lyne, Lancashire OL6 6SG) was one of the few small but fine English pipe brands with a long family tradition that managed to survive all the breakdowns, the furious mergers and fusions and the hasty take-overs of the 1970's and early 1980's that extinguished practically everything what was esteemed as "the great English pipe" before.
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Abbey Pipes continued to make mainly classical pipe shapes and - in smaller quantity - very nice freehands with impeccable craftsmanship. In their own words: "We are a small family business situated in the foothills of the Pennines with many years experience of pipe making and woodcraft. Individualy hand crafted in the U.K. Each pipe made with minimum use of machinery and maximum use of care and attention."
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The firm found a sudden end in 2005 or 2006.
We'd surely appreciate more detailed informations on Abbey Pipes!
Category: Pipe makers by nationalityCategory: Great Britain
Abbott

This was reported as a brand of Andersen & Abbot, but it looks like it could be an early Sasieni second. The MADE IN ENGLAND stamp is certainly consistent with Sasieni. And it seems odd that a company with Abbot (one t) would have a pipe brand with Abbott (two ts). 
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Category: Pipe makers by nationality
Category: Great Britain
Abdulla

Abdulla is a brand of Abdulla & Co Ltd.
[[file:abdulla-CigaretteAd.jpg|thumb|Packet of cigarettes, courtesy, Sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk via Rebornpipes.com]].The following information was sloothed out by Steve Laug and presented on Reborn Pipes
The company seems to have existed from 1917-1927 when it was purchased by Godfrey Phillips which kept the company name.
Abdulla & Company, Ltd. — The company was founded in London, England, in 1902. They were most famous for their eponymous cigarette brand, which they made in various blends (Egyptian, Virginian, and Turkish). In 1917, Abdulla moved their headquarters to 173 New Bond Street in Mayfair (formerly the location of the Fabergé shop, and currently home to Chanel), and opened a branch in the Netherlands in 1923.
Around 1927, Abdulla & Company was purchased by a larger competitor, Godfrey Phillips, which kept the company name and brands going. In 1968, Godfrey Phillips U.K. was purchased by Philip Morris International.
The UK National Archives states that the brand was known as Cigarette Specialists and was at 173 New Bond Street in London, England, as follows:
 Abdulla & Co. Ltd. (cigarette-specialists; 173, New Bond St., London, W.1).
 Reference: PA/101/12/680
 Title: Abdulla & Co. Ltd. (cigarette-specialists; 173, New Bond St., London, W.1).
 Date: 28th June, 1929
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*Note: Photos appearing in this article may be copywritten, and are not properly cited. If you are the originator or copyright holder please contact me via E-mail at sethile.pipes@gmail.com. So we can give you credit, or remove them at your request.
Category:Pipe makers by nationality
Category:Great Britain
Abe Herbaugh

Though born in Newport News, VA, rising American pipemaker Abe Herbaugh has called West "By God!" Virginia his home for most all of his life. In an artisanal world where the word ‘young' tends to get applied to any carver under the age of 40, Mr. Herbaugh is young (28 as of this writing), and it must be said a certain youthful enthusiasm and vitality does shine within his work. His decade-long vocation as an electric guitar builder and skilled repair expert of the same, has inculcated within Abe the necessary woodworking/ machining skills and an acute eye for the smallest of details. Even his avocation, that of a long distance hiker, has imbued Abe with both an unwavering determination as well as a ‘never settle' mindset, which is already serving him admirably as a pipe artisan.
Abe's early memories of rich pipe tobacco in the air, and the way a relative of his looked when he smoked it, kindled a desire within the youth to become a pipe smoker himself, in turn leading eventually to thoughts of trying his hand at the craft of creating them (no doubt given a boost when he purchased and beheld his first premium pipe from Rad Davis). He soon began to make his own pipes. His first pipe was carved from a random block, utilized a pre-cut stem and was (in his words) "an unmitigated disaster". For his subsequent work, he used his father's fiddle workshop. Today Abe primarily crafts his pipes from Mimmo briar ("I have tried a few others, but I always wind up coming back to Mimmo"), hand-shapes his stems from ebonite, and drills his draft holes to 5/32". While his learning of the craft has been overwhelmingly autodidactic, Premal Chheda, having picked up one of Abe's pipes as an estate, thought that Abe had talent, and invited Herbaugh over for a few days to show him some of the tricks of the trade - an encounter which Abe says helped his progress immensely. We're quite excited about Abe Herbaugh's pipes. and predict naught but blue skies for this fine young artisan. Courtesy, Smokingpipes.com
You might also like to listen to Brian Levine's interview with Abe on the PipesMagazine.com Radio Show
Contact Information:
 Abe Herbaugh
 P.O. Box 290
 Augusta, WV. 26704
 Email: abe@herbaughpipes.com
 Website: http://herbaughpipes.com/
Category: Pipe makers by nationality
Category: United States
Abi Pipes

The maker of Abi pipes, Abdul Muttalib Md Sidik started in 2014, first as a hobby, but went full time in 2015 when he decided to quit his job and make pipemaking his full time career. 
As of this writing (Jan 2019) he has made 543 pipes, which have found their way to the USA, Sweden, Thailand, and Singapore markets.
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Contact information:
 Abi Pipes Facebook: Abi Pipes & Knives 
 Personal Facebook: Abdul Muttalib Md Sidik 
 Instagram: Abi Pipes & Knives 
 
Category:Pipe makers by nationality
Category:Malaysia
Academy

Academy was one of many brands owned by the Oppenheimer Pipe group, apparently made in France, likely by Marechal Ruchon & Cie. as evidenced in the following catalog page from a Circa 1950s Oppenheimer Pipes Catalog.
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Category: Pipe makers by nationality
Category: France
Adam Davidson

Adam Davidson found his way into pipe making with something of a butterfly effect. As a child, Adam's mother would watch classic black and white films (which often featured pipes) and he was drawn to them in the many antique stores he was dragged to (and now enjoys). There was just something lovely about pipes that never faded. In a chance encounter with a delivery truck, Adam was able to get his package of pipe tobaccos and nasal snuff while on the way to meet with his academic advisor, John Crosby. While scheduling classes, he and John talked about pipes (which got John back into smoking pipes) and later making them.
A year later, after graduating with an Industrial Design degree from Purdue University, he and John attended the Chicago pipe show. John mentioned that Todd Johnson was looking for someone to help him with the Medici line of pipes in South Carolina, so Adam sent a portfolio to Todd and interviewed with Sykes at smokingpipes. Packing all that he owned in a pickup truck purchased for $1, Adam moved from his little town of Monticello, Indiana (5,000 people) to Myrtle Beach, South Carolina to refurbish pipes for smokingpipes and learn about making pipes from Todd. Soon after, Adam began working on his own line of completely hand-made pipes.
Adam now makes about 75 pipes a year in smooth and sandblasted finishes from selected blocks. The stems are all hand-cut from German ebonite rod with turned and polished tenons, though he does occasionally use vintage Bakelite. His shape inspirations come from early English styles, retro Danish, plus modern combinations with innovative designs and textures (such as sandblasted bamboo). Bamboo is one of his favorite materials to work with, and accents can include silver, boxwood, bacote, black palm, horn, and ivory. Courtesy, Smokingpipes.com
Adam's pipes are extremely artistic and imaginative, and from the beginning, many collectors took note of his artistry. However, Adam's pipes are not just extraordinarily beautiful, they smoke wonderfully too. He is extremely concerned that every pipe be engineered properly. His smooth pipes are exquisite, and his blasting is quite European in style, and in the amount of wood removed. He sources his briar from Mimmo Romeo, exclusively uses the finest German Vulcanite for his hand-cut stems, and his buttons are renowned for their comfort. Davidson tries to exhibit his pipes at the Chicago and Richmond shows each year, along with occasional visits to other pipe shows.
Contact Information:
 See the Adam Davidson Design website
Category: Pipe makers by nationality
Category: United States
Adam pipes

Hand made pipes.
== Gallery ==
Morta_Billiard1_1_14.jpg|Morta Billiard
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== Contact Information ==
 Adam Schorcht
 Kubelikova 5
 Praha 130 00
 Czech Republic
 
 e-mail: mailto:hello@adampipes.com
 Website: http://www.adampipes.com/ (dead link)
Category: Pipe makers by nationality
Category: Czech Republic
Adler

The following submission is courtesy of Racine & Laramie Tobacconist
In the history of Hungarian pipe-carving the town of Óbuda had importance. After the Edict of Tolerance of Joseph II in 1791 many Jewish craftsmen began to resettle to Óbuda. But the local craftsmen, protecting their guilds, refused to allow the Jews within the town between the closing and opening of the gates. Beyond the walls was part of the property of the Zichy family, and the Jews were allowed to settle outside the walls. In the 1848 census, at Óbuda there were eleven Jewish pipemakers and carvers, two pipe copperers and a number of pipe merchants. 
Alder Fülöp had been living in Óbuda by 1795. His family, around 1797, bought a house on Deák Ferenc Street in Pest. The gold-smith’s guild for Buda and Pest would not accept him as a member until 1820-33, so he continued to use the hallmark of Óbuda with his personal seal for his gold and silver work. The family appears also to include wood carvers and artists.
From the 1830’s Fülöp worked with his son Józef who took over the shop in 1848. To increase the salability of his pipes the Adlers quickly incorporated literary events into their pipe carving. With a whole legion of pipe-carvers working for the workshop the aging Adler and his son Józef served the Hungarian customer’s dream of national freedom wreathed in tobacco smoke. 
In the 1860’s Adler pipes with a shell foot were most sought after, and the Adler workshop made the balled ornamentation fashionable. In the last third of the century Adler Henrik was in charge of the workshop. They made and sold the majority of meerschaums in Budapest at the end of the century. The Adler workshop was awarded the grand-prix for their entire output in the goldsmith category at the Millennium National Exhibition of 1896. The aristocracy and politicians regularly visited the small shop on Deák Ferenc Street at the end of the century. The workshop’s golden Age lasted until the First World War. In 1910 the Adler company was managed by Richard Schmidt who continued to produce meerschaums under the Adler name until his death in 1936.
The Adler workshop supplied Hungary’s most discerning smokers with quality meerschaum pipes for 150 years.
Reference: Ferenc Levardy, Our Pipe-Smoking Forebears, 1994, Druckhaus Oberpfalz, Germany
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Category:Pipe makers by nationalityCategory:Hungary
Admiral

Anglo-American brand by E. Deguingand & Son and L&H Stern. 
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Category:Pipe makers by nationality
Category:United States
African Blackwood or Mpingo

Excerpt from Ebenhart's Website by Ebenhart Botha:
African Blackwood/Mpingo (Dalbergia melanoxylon) is an almost pitch black wood with a bright yellow outer layer, and has the highest density of all woods. This makes it extremely hard and durable, but also quite tricky to work with.
When a Briar pipe is smoked constantly, it becomes cloggy very quickly, and a foul taste appears shortly after lighting. This is not the case with Dalbergia for it is too hard and dense for that. A decently designed oil chamber takes care of that, and with the added help of a filtering system, a dry smoke is a certainty.
This wood will outlast Briar with at least three times the lifespan. It is however a rare and expensive wood, for a solid piece to make a pipe out of is rare.
Ailarov

Sergey Ailarov is one of the most prominent and successful pipe makers in Russia nowadays. Sergey was born in 1973 in Vladikavkaz, Russia. Fond of art since youth, he studied to become a jazz guitar player and composer. At the age of 25, he decided to leave his home in the beautiful Caucasus Mountains and moved to Moscow to pursue new opportunities in the art of photography for which he also held a great passion.
For his 30th birthday Sergey received a pipe. He was fascinated by the art of pipe smoking and started to collect pipes. The collection needs to grow, and as the times were hard Sergey finds the solution: he takes a whole block and carves a pipe by himself. This was the beginning of his new profession.
Being fond of pipe smoking, Sergey transforms all of his art experience into what he believes is a very functional and beautiful form of art, pipe making. Balance, quality of grain, and practical technology are the key features of his work. For Sergey, producing pipes is an opportunity to express his artistry in a form that can be enjoyed by all of the senses. He starts the pipe making process by sketching the shape over and over again until he has the perfect copy imbedded in his mind. Having a clear image of the shape, he starts to cut the briar into his creation.
The tradition of pipe making and pipe smoking in Russia is newborn, but the number of admirers increases daily. “Classical Shapes vs. Freehand” is one of the most popular topics for discussion in the Russian pipe smokers’ internet forums. Sergey has his own opinion on expediency of this heated debate:
“If we talk about pipe making in the context of art and creative work, then any hand-crafted pipe, as opposed to the one produced by machine, is the embodiment of a pipe maker’s individual aesthetics and of his beauty perception. The debates would have reason if the terms “classical” and “freehand” meant two different working processes. However, it is not the case, as when a pipe maker starts to work on a new pipe, he just follows the voice of his heart, and it does not really matter which shape, a “classic” or a “freehand”, comes out in the end. As to the masters’ talent – it reveals no matter which kind of a pipe is produced. The freehand shape usually requires a more laborious work, but still, any billiard calls for as many of master’s intellectual and emotional forces as any freehand pipe does.”
In each pipe Sergey completes, he imparts a reflection of himself, and he strives to continuously improve as a pipe maker and a person.
== Gallery ==
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Courtesy of Smoker's Haven
Category: Pipe makers by nationality
Category: Russia
Aimé Besson

Aimé Besson began his own pipe workshop in Saint-Claude, France in 1878. He specialized in figural pipes reproducing sculptures, and worked in briar. His pipes were sold by his son George Besson, who moved to Paris in 1904 to sell them and eventually counted some of the world's finest tobacconists among his clients while becoming a figure of great renown in the art world as a critic and collector as well. His collection was exhibited in the Louvre itself in 1964 and 1965. George Besson died in 1971, leaving his art collection to the French government. 
Category: Pipe makers by nationality
Category: France
Air-o-Dry

The Air-o-Dry pipe that follows was made by Comoy's according to the stamp. The patent for the unusual stinger system shows it was invented by Marcel C.H. Jacquemin, as "Annexed" in Montreal, June 27th, 1933.https://patents.google.com/patent/IE12865L
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== References ==
Category:Pipe makers by nationality
Category:Great Britain
Category:Comoy's
Category:Patent