nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Ether

*Ether (chemistry): A functional group in organic chemistry, often used as a part anesthetic and often very volatile and flammible.
*Luminiferous aether: Also known as the aether or ether. Originally theorised as the material that composed the universe. The existence of the luminiferous aether was disproved by the Michelson-Morley experiment in 1887.
*Ether (classical element): Originating with Aristotle, aether was "quintessence" or "essence" and was a pure, fifth heavenly element which the gods breathed.
*Aether (mythology): The personification (i.e., an "elemental god") of the upper sky, space and heaven. The aether of 19th century physics and the classical element is named after this god.
*Ethereum, a type of cryptocurrency
*Ethernet, a medium-access protocol sublayer named after the luminiferous aether.
Ether (chemistry)

In chemistry, ether is a set of organic compounds containing an oxygen atom surrounded by 2 hydrocarbon chains (alkyl) or aromatic rings (aryl).
==Ether==
A common ether is diethyl ether (CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3), which is commonly known as, well, ether. It was used as an anesthetic in the past, and can be used for solvent abuse, as depicted for example in one of the scenes from Hunter S. Thompson's Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, and its movie adaptation. It can be used as a solvent in the manufacture of freebase cocaine. Its high volatility makes it a great solvent for synthetic chemistry as it can be removed with very little effort. However, this volatility does mean that bottles of it can be ignited from a considerable distance, generating a fireball that can easily fill a room.See kids, chemistry is FUN!! You can, in fact, see the haze above the bottle as it just vaporizes at room temperature. Also, it has a nasty tendency to react with oxygen from the atmosphere to form ether peroxides, which are highly sensitive explosives.
==Urban legend==
Chemical ether sometimes appears in an urban legend about "perfume sellers".About.com; Urban Legends - Perfume Scam In the legend, a perfume seller offers a strip, supposedly soaked in perfume as is usually the standard practice for testing such a thing. On smelling it, the victim is knocked unconscious and robbed or raped or possibly worse. Although sometimes the chemical is replaced with chloroform (another well-known anesthetic from days of yore), the events as described are impossible. These substances are certainly not strong enough to render someone unconscious this quickly and with this small an amount; indeed, if they were, the person offering the perfume strip would be wearing heavy gloves and gas-mask to protect themselves.
Movies have tended to show that the human body can be rendered unconscious easily; a quick punch to the face or pistol-whip to the back has people out for hours. But as anyone who has ever banged their head or fallen down can attest to, it takes quite a bit of force, often repeated hits, to knock you outKids, do NOT try this at home.. Similarly, chloroform and ether need to be used in relatively large quantities, and held near to or over the mouth for a much longer time than is ever portrayed in the movies in order to have an effect.Snopes.com - Snatch & Sniff
==Notes==
==References==
Category:Chemicals
Category:Myths and legends
Ethical Culture movement

The Ethical Culture movement is a non-theistic movement which seeks to promote ethics independently of theology or woo. In the 18th Century the Conway Hall Ethical Society was established, making it the oldest such existing establishment in the world. It was founded by Felix Adler, an American former rabbi-in-training in the 19th century who offered only one sermon before realizing that his synagogue wouldn't take too kindly to all that "atheist" talk.
Modeled somewhat after traditional independent church/synagogue structures with leaders, the Ethical Culture movement had an upshoot in growth for a few decades from the 1880s to 1920s, with Ethical Societies being established in North America and Europe. It declined in popularity soon afterward, but the British movement was the incubator of what became known as the British Humanist Association. Ethical Societies still continue to persist to this day, with many being concentrated in New York; the current federation of Ethical Societies in the United States is known as the American Ethical Union, which was a founding organization of the International Humanist and Ethical Union.
==Specifics==
The Ethical Culture movement does not explicitly refer to itself as an "atheist" or even "humanist" movement, and it only concentrates on theology-agnostic ethics, or divorcing the theistic association between being a theist and being a good person. In this way, the Ethical Culture movement is very often compared with the UUs in not caring about your beliefs or lack thereof.
Nevertheless, numerous members identify as atheists, agnostics or humanists, and individuals such as Sam Harris have spoken at Ethical Society events.Sam Harris: lecture on religious faith - Part 01
==See also==
*Society for Humanistic Judaism, founded in the 1960s by Rabbi Sherwin Wine
==External links==
*American Ethical Union
==References==
__NOTOC__
Category:Atheist groups
Ethical altruism

Ethical altruism is the philosophical doctrine of living for others rather than for oneself. In its most extreme form, altruism calls for self-destruction for the sake of others, but most altruists adhere to Auguste Comte's moderate beliefs. Ethical altruism is more extreme than "normal" or layman's altruism because it does not value the self except as a way of helping others. In common language, altruism is simply any act that helps others out of generosity rather than for one's own interests.
==Sensible ethical altruism==
People who take ethical altruism to the extreme risk self-destruction. If you push yourself to the extremes trying to do the maximum amount of good, then you're likely to become physically and/or emotionally exhausted, and then you won't be able to do much good for anyone. As the saying goes, "you can't pour from an empty cup."Self Care 101: You Can’t Pour From an Empty Cup - Psychology Today
A rational ethical altruist will need to meet their own basic needs before helping others if they want to be effective. This means taking ensuring that they get adequate sleep, nutrition, relaxation, and social interaction. Once all needs are met, remaining time can be spent helping others (Bonus points if you can find a way to help others that meets your physical or emotional needs in the process, like an ethical perpetual motion machine). An efficient altruist should also stay mindful of their needs so they can take breaks as necessary and avoid burnout.Positive and Anti-Negative Action and Activist Burnout - Autistic Dreams
An efficient altruist should also consider using their strengths to do maximum good. For example, if you're an excellent writer with no carpentry experience, then your skills would probably be better put to use writing on wikis than building potentially unsafe houses.
==Criticism==
Altruism is criticized a lot for its serious subjectivity: in a society where one values oneself only as a means for other people, who in turn value themselves as means for other people, then nobody will appreciate the help they get and nobody will "receive" the benefits of an exclusively altruistic society. Altruism is also criticized by people who feel the opposite: that one ought to live exclusively for oneself. Most people are neither egoists nor altruists simply because neither philosophy is very practical.
==See also==
*Auguste Comte
*Consequentialism
*Effective altruism
*Ethical egoism
==References==
Category:Consequentialism
Category:Morality
Category:Philosophy
Ethiopian Zion Coptic Church

The Ethiopian Zion Coptic Church is a slight complete misnomer. It is not Ethiopian, it is not Coptic (which is a native Egyptian form of Christianity that split off from Rome before the Eastern Orthodox Church did), it has nothing to do with Zion, and probably isn't a church. Instead it is a "Christian" spin-off of the Rastafari movement. Founded in Florida in 1975 by Thomas Reiley (aka Brother Louv) the church presented the idea that the eucharist wasn't wafer and wine, but was instead marijuana. This meant that they "needed" to import pounds of high grade cannabis from Jamaica, which the Feds intercepted. They have since sought the same protection that some Native Americans have, which allows them to use Peyote in religious rituals. 
==External links==
*Their home page
*Why Jesus wants you to get high
Category:Cults
Category:Drugs
Category:Florida
Ethnocentrism

Ethnocentrism is the act of making judgements about other ethnic groups based solely upon the social mores and practices of one's own ethnic group. People with an ethnocentric worldview tend to believe in the superiority of their own race and the inferiority of other races. 
Ethnocentric people also tend to be bigots and xenophobes. Not to mention ignorant.
==Biblical ethnocentrism==
Expressions of ethnocentrism in the Bible – in particular the Old Testament – are extremely prevalent. While Judaism teaches that the Jewish status as being a "chosen people" and the like does not preclude the fact that God may (and does) have relationships with other peoples, the perceived claims of some sort of superiority are often seized upon by antisemites in order to make a distinction between the Old and New Testaments, notwithstanding. A choice selection are as follows:
*Israelites are a "chosen people" by God above all the other peoples of the world.
*Israelites boast of genocide against whole peoples and kingdoms.; ; 
*Israelites are commanded to murder all the people of the lands where they intend to live and to kill all the people of foreign nations that do not submit themselves in slavery.
*Israelites are forbidden to make slaves of their own people, but are encouraged to enslave non-Israelites whom they may pass down as slaves to their descendants forever.
*Israelites are forbidden to intermarry or "mix their seed" with other peoples.; 
==See also==
*Afrocentrism
*Americentrism
*Ethnocracy
*Eurocentrism
*Nationalism
*Racism
*Racialism
==References==
Category:Sociology
Category:Culture
Category:Discrimination
Eugene K. Balon

Eugene Kornel Balon was a Canadian ichthyologist and writer.
==Biography==
He graduated from school in Poland and later worked as a researcher in the Slovak Academy of Sciences in Bratislava. He later settled in Ontario, Canada. He became a recognized expert in the fauna and ecosystem of Africa. He was a leading expert in ichthyology at the Institute of Ichthyology and Department of Zoology at the University of Canada, Guelph.Biography for Eugene Balon 
Two fish are named after him, the European Gymnocephalus balloons and the African Tilapia balloons.
==Evolution==
Balon after studying ichthyology became a critic of the neo-Darwinian view of evolution. He was known for his publications advocating non-Darwinian mechanisms of evolution such as ‘Saltatory ontogeny’ and ‘epigenesis’ which he proposed to explain how variations in ontogeny and novelties in evolution are created. These theories are saltational and Balon was a critic of gradualism in evolution. 
He also lectured on evolutionary developmental biology in Austria at the Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research.Environment, Development, and Evolution Some of his saltational views on evolution appear in the book Environment, Development, and Evolution: Toward a Synthesis with other scientists such as Brian Keith Hall, Roy D. Pearson and Gerd B. Müller (2004).
His paper Evolution by Epigenesis: Farewell to Darwinism, Neo- and Otherwise was published in the controversial journal “Rivista di Biologia,” in which he claims that Darwinians are suppressing the evidence for epigenesis and are refusing to teach it. His views on evolution have been criticised by some scientists. Balon is a signatory to A Scientific Dissent from Darwinism. 
Creationists sometimes quote mine Balon; however he is not anti-evolution and creationists have misunderstood his publications. Balon has rejected creationism.
==Selected publications==
Balon has over 80 scientific publications on ichthyology, below are only his controversial publications on evolution theory:
*Balon, EK, 1979. The theory of saltation and its application in the ontogeny of fishes: steps and thresholds. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 1979, Volume 4, Number 2, Pages 97-101. Online
*Balon, EK, 2001. Saltatory Ontogeny and the Life-History Model: Neglected Processes and Patterns of Evolution. Journal of Bioeconomics, 2001, Volume 3, Number 1, Pages 1-26. Online
*Balon, EK, 2002. Epigenetic Processes, when Natura Non Facit Saltum Becomes a Myth, and Alternative Ontogenies a Mechanism of Evolution Environmental Biology of Fishes. Volume 65, Number 1, Pages 1-35. Online
*Balon, EK, 2004. Evolution by epigenesis: Farewell to Darwinism, Neo-and Otherwise. Rivista di Biologia / Biology Forum 97: 269-312. Online
==References== 
Category:Authors
Category:Evolution
Category:Canadians
Eugene Koonin

Eugene V. Koonin is a Senior Investigator at the National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. He is a recognised expert in the field of evolutionary and computational biology.Eugene V. Koonin
==Biography==
Koonin gained a Master of Science in 1978 and a PhD in 1983 in Molecular Biology from the Department of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.Eugene Koonin at the National Center for Biotechnology Information 
==Evolution==
He is the author of the controversial book The Logic of Chance: The Nature and Origin of Biological Evolution (2011).Book Review According to Koonin, recent research in genome evolution and systems biology has replaced many tenets of the neo-Darwinian synthesis. He calls for a post-evolutionary synthesis which incorporates this new data.Systems biology and the prospect of a Post-modern Evolutionary Synthesis He has written that the new synthesis will be characterized by the pluralism of many processes and patterns in evolution that defies any straightforward generalization.The Origin at 150: is a new evolutionary synthesis in sight? 
In his paper titled Is evolution Darwinian or/and Lamarckian? he wrote that "Darwinian and Lamarckian modalities of evolution appear to be important, and reflect different aspects of the interaction between populations and the environment."Is evolution Darwinian or/and Lamarckian?
==See also==
*James A. Shapiro
==External links==
*Koonin's Group Publications
==References==
Category:Authors
Category:Biologists
Category:Living people
Eugene Windchy

Eugene G. Windchy is an American creationist (or at least, anti-evolution) author, notable mostly for his 2009 book, The End of Darwinism: And How a Flawed and Disastrous Theory Was Stolen and Sold. It was approvingly quoted by Pat Buchanan in an opinion pieceMaking a Monkey Out of Darwin that drew the attention of various anti-creationists, including PZ Myers, who called Windchy a "creationist crank" in his reaction to Buchanan's piece.Old Fossil Takes On Darwin
==Other deeds==
According to the biography provided on his publisher's website, in the 1960s Windchy was Assistant Science Adviser for the U.S. Information Agency. He left that job to "investigate" the (a naval confrontation which was the justification for an escalation of US involvement in the Vietnam War).Eugene G. Windchy Biography The result of his investigation was his 1971 book, Tonkin Gulf.
==See also==
*Richard William Nelson
==References==
Category:Authors
Category:Living people
Euro

A subset of member nations uses the European Union's own currency unit, the euro (Greek ευρώ, Cyrillic евро) (sign: €, code: EUR), hence they are called the eurozone. Originally starting with 11 or 12 members (depending on how Greece, which joined shortly before the implementation of physical currency, is counted), the eurozone has since expanded to twenty countries, with Croatia being the most recent to join in 2023. The euro is also used by some non-EU members, but they are not part of the eurozone and are not represented in the European Central Bank and the Eurogroup. These include the small nations of Andorra, Monaco, San Marino, and the Vatican, all of which have an agreement with the EU to use Euros as their currency since their old currencies either were or were pegged to currencies that were rendered obsolete by the switch to Euros. Additionally, Montenegro and Kosovo have adopted the Euro unilaterally since they don't have an alternate currency, but doing this is discouraged by the EU. It's one of the most traded currencies in the world, second only to the United States dollar. The economic performance of the eurozone has been dire, with its rate of unemployment actually soaring for years after the 2007-8 global financial crisis while the US and UK were slowly climbing out of recession and creating jobs, and even Europe's supposed economic powerhouse, Germany, performing pretty unimpressively. Don't even ask about Greece, the eurozone's internal debt colony. Some have claimed that this somehow counts as evidence against the eurozone's animating economic philosophy of so-called "fiscal responsibility", which is so fundamental to the eurozone that it has actually been enshrined in treaty.
According to Eurosceptic conspiracy thinkers, a crisis à la the European sovereign debt crisis was not only anticipated but actually secretly welcomed by European policymakers to allow them to push for a European fiscal union that was and remains unpopular with basically all the national electorates of the EU member states. If one pauses to think this scenario through, this would mean risking a major macro-economic meltdown on a scale not seen since the 1930s in order to get a shot at a fiscal union which might, even if it went through, end up as a union of wrecked economies, i.e. like using a nuclear bomb to remove a wasp's nest from your garage, a rather unlikely prospect.
==Notes==
==References==
Category:Currency
Category:Economics
Category:European Union
European Knights Project

European Knights Project (EKP) is a rather quirky white nationalist and far-right organization and website that attempts to disguise its racism, anti-Semitism, Islamophobia and homophobia by slogans and online-banners such as "hate free-zone", "we are not a white supremacist site" and "combating racism". Supposedly they are all just friendly "pro-Westerners". Who exactly they think is going to be fooled by this is unclear.
==Website content==
The EKP's spokesperson and primary online article writer is former United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP) prospective member of British Parliament, Dilip Sengupta AKA Jack Sen. Sengupta, who was suspended by UKIP for "anti-Semitism" and "broaching the subject of white genocide in South Africa prior to the general election", describes himself as a civic nationalist, in spite of the fact he calls for a moratorium on mass immigration into Britain and Western Europe, and describes himself as a "racial realist". 
Another of the EKP's main writers is a conspiracy theorist crank called John De Nugent who calls himself a "white civil rights activist" (yes, nothing suspicious about that...). Nugent denies the holocaust happened calling it a "holohoax" and "mega-fraud", and also argues "the Charlie Hebdo massacre was an operation perpetrated by Israel".https://archive.today/rcmAjhttps://archive.today/qaLW0
Other articles on the website criticize Islam, multiculturalism, and so on, as well as more Holocaust denial, typical of the far-right.
==I'm not racist but...==
The EKP appears to have adopted the I'm not racist but... mantra in desperation to attract more support, and in fact has gone overboard with this, despite the fact you don't have to look far to see:
* The EKP support the Missouri Ku Klux Klan on their website.https://archive.today/Pga9Q Yes, nothing racist about that.
* Their Daily Motion page also hosts pro-Nazi videos.https://archive.today/2v3ev Again, nothing racist here. Move along.
* The European Knights Project again identifies openly as "racial realist", but of course is in no way racist.
==Sources==
Category:Antisemitism
Category:Internet hate sites
Category:Racism
Eva Carrière

Eva Carrière (born Marthe Beraud) also known as Eva C was a 19th-century French spiritualist medium.
==Fraud==
Gustav Geley investigated the mediumship of Carrière and concluded she was genuine, but after his death photographs were discovered which showed fraud. Wires could be seen running from Carrière's head supporting fake ectoplasm.J. Gordon Melton The Encyclopedia of Religious Phenomena Visible Ink Press, 2007 ISBN 1578592097 Baron Schrenck-Notzing also investigated Carrière and believed the ectoplasm she produced was genuine.Policing Epistemic Deviance: Albert von Schrenck-Notzing and Albert Moll The Schrenck-Notzing experiments were bogus as scientific controls were scarce and there was evidence that Eva was freeing her hands.Peter H. Aykroyd, Angela Narth A History of Ghosts: The True Story of Séances, Mediums, Ghosts, and Ghostbusters Rodale Books, 2009, p. 62 ISBN 1605298751
Carrière claimed to materialise a spirit known as "Bien Boa". However, a man called Areski admitted in a 1906 newspaper article that the entire thing was a hoax and that he had dressed up as Boa. Carrière had used cut out face clippings from the French magazine Le Miroir as her ectoplasm faces.
Ruth Brandon in her book The Spiritualists (1983) documented the fraud of Carrière throughout her career.Ruth Brandon. The Spiritualists. New York: Alfred E. Knopf, Print. 1983.
==Sexual activities==
Eva has been described as "perverse and neurotic".Spirit Summonings Time-Life Books, 1989, p. 64 She was well known for running around the séance room naked indulging in sexual activities with her audience. According to Kalush and Sloman (2006), "[Juliette] Bisson would, during the course of the pre-séance examaination, introduce her finger into Eva's vagina to ensure no "ectoplasm" had been loaded there beforehand to fool the investigators. The whole procedure was so enjoyable for Eva that she often stripped nude at the end of a séance and demanded another full-on gynecological exam."William Kalush, Larry Ratso Sloman The Secret Life of Houdini: The Making of America's First Superhero 2006, p. 419
==Some of her hijinks==
File:Eva C medium 2.png|With an "ectoplasm"
File:Eva C medium 1.png|Eating a frog With a different "ectoplasm"
File:Eva C fake ectoplasm made from newspaper.gif|With newspaper "ectoplasm"
File:Ektoplasma.gif|With a third "ectoplasm"
File:Medium-Eva-Carriere-1912.jpg|With a fourth "ectoplasm" and an alleged luminous film failure
File:Bien Boa fake spirit.gif|"Bien Boa"
==References== 
 
Category:France
Category:Paranormal
Category:Psychics