nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Butyl acetate

== Description ==
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|butyl acetate.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
A colorless, sweet-smelling liquid. Butyl acetate has been used as a solvent for cellulose nitrate products such as celluloid, pyroxylin lacquers, and airplane wing dope. It is also used in the manufacture of photographic film, artificial leather, and safety glass. Because butyl acetate is not hygroscopic and evaporates slowly, it produces smooth shiny, transparent films.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
n-butyl acetate; acetic acid butyl ester
== Risks ==
* Narcotic in high concentrations. 
* Skin contact may cause irritation. 
* Flammable. 
* ThermoFisher: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Miscible with ethanol, ether and most hydrocarbon solvents.
Composition 	CH3COOCH2CH2CH2CH3
CAS 	123-86-4
Melting Point 	-75 C
Density 	0.8826 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 116.2
Refractive Index	1.2951
Boiling Point 	125-126 C
==Resources and Citations==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1597
Category:Materials database
Butyl alcohol

== Description ==
Colorless liquid solvent with an oily odor. Butyl alcohol, or butanol, is obtained from the fermentation of corn mash and was first produced commercially during the first World War. Of the four isomeric forms (n-butanol, isobutanol, t-butanol, sec-butanol), normal butanol is the most common. It is used as a solvent for paints, fats, waxes, oils and resins. Butanol is a stronger solvent than ethanol and can dissolve portions of oxidized oil films. It is also used in the manufacture of dyes, plastics, lacquers, rayon, and detergents.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
n-butyl alcohol, 1-butanol; butanol; butyric alcohol; propyl carbinol
== Risks ==
* Skin contact may cause irritation. 
* Inhalation may cause drowsiness or dizziness. 
* Combustible. Flash point = 11-19C (52-84F) 
* ThermoFisher: SDS
* EPA lists n-butanol as hazardous waste due to its ignitability; concentrations over 10% must be disposed of appropriately; note that isobutanol is also hazardous waste due to both ignitability as well as toxicity.
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Miscible with ethanol, ether, and most organic solvents. Insoluble in water. Not hygroscopic.
Composition 	CH3(CH2)2CH2OH
CAS 	71-36-3
Melting Point 	-90 C
Density 	0.810 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 74.1
Refractive Index	1.3993
Boiling Point 	117-118 C
== Comparisons ==
==Resources and Citations==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 23
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1513; ref. index=1.3993
* CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: ref. index=1.397
Category:Materials database
Butyl lactate

== Description ==
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|butyl lactate.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
A colorless, stable, low volatility liquid. Butyl lactate is used as a solvent for paints, lacquers, varnishes, oils, dyes, inks, and synthetic resins. It is usually blended with other solvents to slow evaporation and increase drying times. Butyl lactate has also been used as a solvent for polyvinyl acetate based paints. Toch used small amounts of butyl lactate mixed with turpentine for cleaning paintings (Toch 1931).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
n-butyl lactate
== Risks ==
* Combustible liquid and vapor. 
* Flash point = 71 C. 
* Toxic. 
* Contact causes irritation 
* Fisher Scientific: MSDS
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Miscible with most oils and organic solvents. Slightly soluble in water. Hydrolyzed with acids or alkalis.
Composition 	CH3CHOHCOOC4H9
CAS 	138-22-7
Melting Point 	-43 C
Density 	0.974-0.984 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 146.19
Refractive Index	1.4216
Boiling Point 	188 C
== Resources and Citations ==
* M. Toch, Paint, Paintings and Restoration, D.Van Nostrand, New York, 1931.
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* R. Mayer, The Artist's Handbook of Materials and Techniques, Viking Press, New York, 1981
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
Category:Materials database
Butyl methacrylate

== Description ==
A clear, colorless liquid used for the production of acrylic resins. As early as the 1930s, solutions of polyisobutyl methacrylate (then Lucite® 45, now Elvacite® 2045) and poly n-butyl methacrylate (then Lucite® 44, now Elvacite® 2044) were used as picture varnishes (Epley 1998). By the 1960s, the resins fell into disuse because tests indicated they can crosslink. In the mid 1980s, Golden Artist colors introduced Golden MSA varnishes a proprietary mixture of isobutyl and n-butyl methacrylate polymers in a mineral spirits/Stoddard solvent type mixture. Polybutyl methacrylate was also used to make Magna Plastic paints from 1949 to the mid-1970s. A similar formulation is now made and sold as MSA colors. 
See also polymethyl methacrylate.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
poly (n-butylmethacrylate); pnBMA; polibutilmetacrilato (Esp.); poli (n-butilmetacrilato) (Esp.); butyl-méhacrylate (Fr.); poli butil methacrilato (It.); polibutilmetacrilato (Port.); methacrylic acid; butyl ester 
Examples: Lucite® 44; Elvacite® 2044
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|butyl methacrylate.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
== Risks ==
* Combustible. 
* Flash point = 41 C 
* Moderate fire risk. 
* Lachrymator. 
* Toxic by ingestion. 
* Contact causes irritation. 
* Potential teratogen. 
* Crosslinks under strong fluorescent light exposure.
* Fisher Scientific: MSDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Insoluble in water.
* Tg = 22 C
Composition 	H3C:CCH3COOC4H9
CAS 	97-88-1
Melting Point 	-75 C
Density 	0.895 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 142.097
Refractive Index	1.4220
Boiling Point 	163-164 C
== Comparisons ==
== Resources and Citations ==
* B. Epley, "The History of Synthetic Resin Varnishes", AIC Painting Conservation Catalog: Varnishes and Surface Coatings, p.39, 1998.
* Paintings Specialty Group, Painting Conservation Catalog, Wendy Samet (ed.), AIC, Washington, DC, 1998
Category:Materials database
Butyl rubber

== Description ==
A common name for isobutylene-isoprene elastomer. Butyl rubber was originally the trademark [Standard Oil Co.] for a rubber developed in the 1930s. It was made by the polymerization of butylene and isoprene. Butyl rubbers are less permeable to air and gas than natural rubber. They are more resistant to sunlight and weathering but will dissolve in oils and hydrocarbon solvents. Butyl rubbers are used in tires, inner tubes, hoses, gaskets and diaphragms. They are also used for paper coating, waterproofing textiles and as adhesives.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
isobutylene-isoprene elastomer; caucho butilado (Esp.); caoutchouc butyle (Fr.); borracha butílica (Port.)
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Soluble in oils and hydrocarbon solvents.
Softening Point	Tg= -73C
Density 	0.92 g/ml
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 306
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Thomas C. Jester (ed.), Twentieth-Century Building Materials, McGraw-Hill Companies, Washington DC, 1995
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Butylated hydroxytoluene

== Description ==
A white, crystalline solid. Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is an antioxidant used in rubber and plastic. It can oxidize to form a dark yellow oily liquid which then migrates to the surface of its plastic or rubber.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
BHT; di-tert-butyl-para-cresol; 2,6-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol; Antrancine 8; Tenox BHT; Ionol CP; Vianol; Dalpac
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|butylated hydroxytoluene.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
== Risks ==
* Slightly toxic by inhalation, ingestion and contact. 
* Combustible. Flash point = 127C 
* Yellows severely with age. 
* May decompose to an oily film that migrates from plastics. 
* Fisher Scientific: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Soluble in toluene, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, Cellosolve® and most hydrocarbon solvents. Insoluble in water.
Composition 	[C(CH3)3]2CH3C6H2OH
CAS 	128-37-0
Melting Point 	70 C
Density 	1.048 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 220.34
Refractive Index	1.4859
Boiling Point 	265 C
==Resources and Citations==
* Thomas Gregory, The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Reinhold Publishing, New York, 3rd ed., 1942
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 274
* Pam Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype Press, London, 2002
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: 1521
Category:Materials database
Butyraldehyde

== Description ==
A colorless liquid with a pungent smell. Butyraldehyde is produced by oxidizing butanol. It is used as a plasticizer and solvent.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
butanal (IUPAC); butyl aldehyde; butaldehyde; butanaldehyde; butal; butyric aldehyde
== Risks ==
* Flammable. Flash point=-6.6C (20F)
* ThermoFisher: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Slightly soluble in water. Soluble in alcohol and ether.
Composition 	CH3CH2CH2CHO
CAS 	123-72-8
Density 	0.8048 g/ml
Refractive Index	1.378
Boiling Point 	75.7 C
==Resources and Citations==
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butanal (Accessed Mar. 15, 2006)
* CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980
Category:Materials database
Butyric acid

== Description ==
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|butyric acid.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
A colorless liquid with a rancid butter smell. Butyric acid occurs naturally in butter in concentration of about 5%. It is used in the manufacture of varnishes and the pretreatment of hides for tanning.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
butanoic acid; n-butyric acid; ethylacetic acid; propylformic acid
== Risks ==
* Combustible. Flash point = 69C. 
* Strongly irritating to skin and tissue. May cause burns. 
* Fisher Scientific: MSDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Miscible with water, ethanol, ether.
Composition 	CH3CH2CH2COOH
CAS 	107-92-6
Melting Point 	-7.9 C
Density 	0.959 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 88.11
Refractive Index	1.3981
Boiling Point 	163.5C
==Resources and Citations==
* Thomas Gregory, The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Reinhold Publishing, New York, 3rd ed., 1942
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 343
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1566; ref. index=1.3981
* CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: ref. index=1.396
Category:Materials database
C.P.

== Description ==
1) Abbreviation for cadmium pigments. See cadmium sulfide. 
2) Abbreviation for chemically pure. 
3) Abbreviation for cold-pressed. Some watercolor papers are cold-pressed.
==Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
C2RMF

= Centre de recherche et de restauration des musees de France (Centre of Research & Restoration of the Museums of France) =
The Centre of Research & Restoration of the Museums of France was created by the French Ministry of Culture on December 1998, by merging of two previous structures: the Laboratory of Research of the Museums of France (LRMF) & the Restoration Service of the Museums of France (SRMF). The missions of C2RMF consist in, in cooperation with the curators in charge of the various French Museums collections, the definition & the implementation of the politics of the Direction of the Museums of France in the fields of research, preventive conservation & restoration of the French Museums collections. C2RMF has a R&D activity relative to the methods of examination, characterisation & analysis of the cultural heritage artefacts & their componant materials, sets up & keeps a documentation on these artefacts & materials, on the restoration techniques, & carries out restoration campaigns. C2RMF employs rougly 150 people & is located in three places: the office & an underground laboratory under the Carrousel garden & restoration workshops in the Flore aisle of the Louvre Palace in Paris, & restoration workshops in the "Petites Ecuries" building in front of the Versailles Palace.
C2RMF participates in many research projects, bilateral or in the frame of European research programmes.
Web Address 	http://www.c2rmf.fr/
Postal Address 	Centre de recherche et de restauration des musees de France 
Palais du Louvre, Porte des Lions
14 quai François Mitterrand
75001 Paris - FRANCE
Phone 	+33 1 40 20 56 52
Fax 	+33 1 47 03 32 46
Contact 	sophie.lefevre@culture.gouv.fr
Information Online	Publishes journal (Techné)
Books / brochures / articles
Publications viewable online
Publication sold online
Related links
Publishes info sheets
Searchable 	No
Categories 	Research / Conservation / Training
Website Languages 	French
== Comments ==
journal (annual) = Techne = http://www.culture.fr/culture/editions/r-tekne.htm; archived indexes online back to 1996, back issues may be orderedCategory:Directory
Category:Directory: Research / training
CACG

= Chicago Area Conservation Group =
Web Address 	http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/cacg
Postal Address 	c/o Carol Turchan, President
Chicago Historical Society
Clark Street at North Ave.
Chicago, IL 60614-6099
Phone 	+1 312 642 5035
Fax 	+1 312 266 2077
Searchable 	No
Categories 	Membership organization
Website Languages	English
Category:Directory
Category:Directory: Membership organization
CAC / ACCR

= Canadian Association for Conservation of Cultural Property =
"The Canadian Association for Conservation of Cultural Property (CAC) is a non-profit organization with the main purpose of disseminating knowledge about the conservation of cultural property. Its membership is open to anyone interested in heritage and conservation. The general object of the Canadian Association for Conservation of Cultural Property is to further the dissemination of knowledge concerning the conservation of Canada's cultural property and heritage." (from website) (Formerly IIC-CG)
Web Address 	http://www.cac-accr.ca
Postal Address 	CAC / ACCR
c/o Canadian Museums Association
280 Metcalfe Street, Suite 400
Ottawa, Ontario K2P 1R7CANADA
Phone 	+1 613 231-3977
Fax 	+1 613 233 5438
Contact 	cac@museums.ca
Information Online	Courses / workshops
Publishes journal
Publications viewable online
Archived information
Job openings
Membership / staff directory
Related links
Searchable 	Yes
Categories 	Membership organization
Website Languages 	English
French
== Comments ==
Journal of the Canadian Association for Conservation (JCAC) publishes one issue annually; Abstracts online for Volume 26; Contents for back issues onlineCategory:Directory
Category:Directory: Membership organization
CAMEO

= Conservation and Art Materials Encyclopedia Online =
The Conservation and Art Materials Encyclopedia Online (CAMEO) is an Internet based data collection that compiles, defines, and disseminates technical information on the collections of terms, materials and techniques used in the fields of art conservation and historic preservation. CAMEO, formerly called the Conservation and Art Materials Dictionary (CAMD) was developed at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. It contains over 10,000 records of natural products and commercial materials (e.g.,pigments, minerals, binders, coatings, adhesives, fibers dyes, solvents, reagents, corrosion inhibitors, woods, pollutants, pest control agents, storage materials, etc.). Definitions, chemical and physical parameters, photographs, micrographs, spectra, and comparative charts are included. CAMEO supplies information and images in a concise format while allowing the flexibility for search and comparison of materials.
Web Address 	https://www.mfa.org/cameo
Postal Address 	CAMEO
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
Conservation and Collections Care Department
465 Huntington Avenue
Boston, MA 02115-5523 USA
Phone 	+1 617 369 3466
Fax 	+1 617 369 3702
Contact 	cameo@mfa.org
Information Online	Bibliographic citations
Technical information
Archived information
Related links
Searchable 	Yes
Categories 	Technical info
Website Languages 	English
Category:Directory
Category:Directory: Technical info
CAP

= Conservation Assessment Program =
"The Conservation Assessment Program (CAP) is a federally funded grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services that is administered by Heritage Preservation. CAP funds a general conservation survey of a museum's collections, environmental conditions and sites. A maximum of two assessors per institution are funded through CAP. Most museums are awarded an objects conservator to assess the museum's collections. CAP is a one-time grant awarded to eligible museums on a noncompetitive, first-come, first-served basis." (from website)
Web Address 	http://www.heritagepreservation.org/PROGRAMS/capover.htm
Postal Address 	Heritage Preservation 
1730 K Street, NW, Suite 566 
Washington, D.C. 20006USA Attn: CAP
Phone 	+1 202 634 1422
Fax 	+1 202 634 1435
Information Online	Publishes newsletter
Searchable 	No
Categories 	Grant / funding organization
Website Languages 	English
== Comments ==
Semiannual newsletter available as hard copyCategory:Directory
Category:Directory: Grant / funding organization
CAPC

= Canadian Association of Professional Conservators =
The Canadian Association of Professional Conservators (CAPC) is a non-profit association dedicated to the accreditation of professional conservators and the maintenance of high standards in conservation of art and cultural property in Canada. Founded in 1971, CAPC is open to conservators and conservation scientists through defined professional membership and is the professional body incorporated to accredit conservation professionals in Canada. (extracted from website)
Web Address 	http://www.capc-acrp.ca/
Postal Address 	CAPC
c/o Canadian Museums Association
280 Metcalf St., Suite 400
Ottawa, ON K2P 1R7
CANADA
Phone 	+1 613 567-0099
Fax 	+1 613 233-5438
Contact 	catherine_stewart@mcmichael.on.ca
Information Online	Publishes newsletter
Searchable 	No
Categories 	Membership organization
Website Languages 	English
French
== Comments ==
Contains related mirror links 
Membership directory available onlineCategory:Directory
Category:Directory: Membership organization
CAPHC / ACEPC

= Canadian Assocation of Professional Heritage Consultants =
The Canadian Assocation of Professional Heritage Consultants (CAPHC) "provides a directory of Canadian professional heritage consultants offering a wide array of services and skills focused in the field of heritage conservation and preservation in Canada. ... CAPHC was founded in 1987 to represent the interests of professional practitioners in many related fields of heritage conservation. The organization maintains the following objectives: to represent and further the professional interests of heritage consultants active in both public and private sectors; to establish and maintain principles and standards of practice for heritage consultants; to enhance awareness and appreciation of heritage resources, and the contribution of heritage consultants; and, to foster communication among private practitioners, public agencies, and the public at large in matters related to heritage conservation." (from website)
Web Address 	http://www.caphc.ca/index.asp
Postal Address 	CAPHC 
PO Box 1023, 
Station "F" 
Toronto, Ontario M4Y 2T7CANADA
Phone 	+1 416 515 7450
Contact 	heritage@caphc.ca
Information Online	Conferences / seminars
Publishes newsletter
Publications viewable online
Job openings
Membership / staff directory
Searchable 	Yes
Categories 	Membership organization
Website Languages 	English
French
== Comments ==
Newsletter (quarterly): FORUM (issues available online) 
COntains online job/bid listingsCategory:Directory
Category:Directory: Membership organization
CAT scan

== Description ==
Abbreviation for computerized axial tomography. A CAT scan is a specialized, nondestructive, x-ray examination that collects a sequence of cross sectional scans then uses a computer to generate a 2D or 3D dimensional image of the object. (see Tomography)
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
CT scanner; computerized axial tomography; tomographie (Fr.); tomodensimètrie (Fr.); Computer-Tomographie Untersuchung (Deut.)
Category:Materials database
CCAHA

= Conservation Center for Art and Historic Artifacts =
"The Conservation Center for Art and Historic Artifacts (CCAHA), established in 1977, is a non-profit conservation laboratory serving cultural, educational, and research institutions; government agencies; corporations; private organizations; and collectors throughout the United States. Located in Philadelphia, PA, CCAHA specializes in the treatment of art and historic artifacts on paper, rare books, photographs, and archival materials."(from website)
Web Address 	http://www.ccaha.org/
Postal Address 	Conservation Center for Art and Historic Artifacts 
264 South 23rd Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103USA
Phone 	+1 215 545 0613
Fax 	+1 215 735 9313
Contact 	ccaha@ccaha.org
Information Online	Technical information
Interships
Searchable 	No
Categories 	Research / training
Website Languages 	English
== Comments ==
Regional conservation center providing consultation and treatments to institutions and individuals in the mid-Atlantic region.Category:Directory
Category:Directory: Research / training