nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Fixnetix

Fixnetix is a provider of low latency market data and trading connectivity services.
== History ==
In August of 2009, Fixnetix and RTS Realtime Systems Group announced that had formed a partnership to provide low latency trading solutions for the high-frequency trading community accessing European equity and derivatives markets. 
In June of 2009, Fixnetix announced it had expanded its operations to Equinix International Business Exchange (IBX) data centers in the New York and Chicago areas in order to offer low latency U.S. data and market access for European firms looking to trade in the U.S. 
In June of 2009, Fixnetix announced it would do co-location hosting for users of BATS Europe's high performance pan-European Multilateral Trading Facility (MTF). 
== Products and Services ==
Fixnetix delivers data in multiple formats.
The firm's EBBO feed solution was selected as one of the most innovative products of the last 12 months by finextra. 
== Key People ==
*Chairman & CEO, Hugh Hughes
*COO, Paul Ellis
*Director of Business Development, Alasdair Moore
== References ==
Flash trades

Flash trading is a practice in which some equity exchanges hold orders to buy and sell shares for a split second before making that information public (available to other exchanges). The exchanges' customers can view these prices ahead of other traders for a fee. High-speed computer software can take advantage of that brief period between when an order is placed and when it's executed to allow those members to potentially get better prices and profits by slipping in and making the trade themselves.
Offered by Nasdaq OMX Group, BATS, Direct Edge and CBOE Stock Exchange, flash trades are designed to enable those market centers to execute orders within their markets when another market is quoting the industry's best price. In flash orders offered by Nasdaq and BATS, information about the marketable order is displayed in the exchanges' proprietary data feeds to generate orders that will meet or beat the industry's best price. Direct Edge sends order information to a group of "enhanced liquidity providers" to generate order responses.
Flash trading was put under scrutiny in July of 2009, when U.S. Senator Charles Schumer proposed to the Securities and Exchange Commission to ban flash orders because of the unfair advantage they allegedly create for hedge funds and Wall Street firms who use computer-driven trading strategies. Schumer said that if the SEC did not institute a ban, he would introduce legislation to do so. 
Shortly after that, on August 6, 2009, Nasdaq OMX and BATS said they would voluntarily end flash orders on their marketplaces. 
Direct Edge’s Enhanced Liquidity Program (ELP), Nasdaq’s flash order program, and BATS Exchange’s Bolt Option Liquidity program, allow certain members to receive information about orders before the public. According to Senator Schumer, they allow those members to use rapid trading programs to trade ahead of those orders and profit from advanced knowledge of buying and selling activity.
== References ==
Category:Trading
Fleur Binyon

__NOTOC__ 
Fleur Binyon is corporate communications manager at CME Group. She joined the company in that role in June of 2011.
== Background ==
Before joining CME Group, Binyon was senior account manager at Tavistock Communications, from November 2008 to June 2011. She was previously account executive and account manager at Astrolabe Communications in London, and before that she was marketing assistant at Structure Tone. 
== Education ==
== References ==
Float

In equities, "Float" refers to the number of shares available for trading without restriction and stands in contrast to the total number of "authorized shares," which could include uncirculated shares, such as those held in reserve in a corporation's treasury, to ward off takeovers or those authorized for executive compensation. 
In currency markets, the term "floating currency" or "fiat currency" is used to describe currencies that are not backed with hard assets, such as gold or silver and therefore are valued relative to other currencies. 
"Dirty float" or "managed float" refers to currencies that are managed by their respective central banks such that the value remains in a prescribed range, typically affected through active buying and selling in the interbank markets. 
== References ==
Category:Stocks
Category:Bonds
Category:Securities
Floor Members Outreach Program

Floor Members Outreach Program, Inc. (FMOP) is a 501(c)(3) charitable organization that assists individuals who are suffering from addiction or mental health problems, or are coping with major life changes.
== History ==
Founded by four floor brokers in 1987, the original focus of the program was to help floor members and their employees who suffered from alcoholism. Over time, the focus has been broadened to encompass wider needs.
== Key People ==
== References ==
Category:Charitable Organizations
Floor broker

A floor broker (also called a pit broker) is a member of an exchange who as an individual purchases or sells commodity futures, options or listed securities on a contract market or securities exchange for any other person from the trading floor (or the pits) of an exchange.
== Futures ==
A floor broker for U.S. futures trading must register with the National Futures Association. However, in U.S. futures a registered floor broker need not also register as a floor trader in order to engage in activity as a floor trader. 
Floor brokers receive orders by paper order, by hand signals, over a computer or by phone.
== Securities ==
== References ==
Category:Jobs in Futures
Category:Jobs in Securities
Floor trader

Also see: open outcry
A floor trader is an individual who is a member of an exchange and who purchases or sells any commodity futures or options contracts on any contract market for such individual's own account from the exchange trading floor. The trading floor of an exchange provides a physical location for market transactions. Floor traders once dominated the exchanges, but with the advent of computerized trading they are becoming increasingly scarce, replaced by automated trading systems that match buyers and sellers without the need for intermediaries.
Category:Open Outcry
Florencia Panizza

__NOTOC__ 
Florencia Panizza is head of marketing and communications at MarketAxess.
== Background ==
Before joining MarketAxess in March 2011, Panizza was vice president of communications and marketing at BGC Partners and Cantor Fitzgerald. She has more than a decade of experience in corporate communications and marketing within the global financial services and related technologies sector, in both London and New York, and in advising business across Europe, Asia and the Americas.
== Education ==
Panizza graduated from the University in Cambridge in 1999.
== References ==	
Category:Marketing Professionals
Category:Corporate Communications Professionals
Category:BGC Partners - Former Employees
Category:Cantor Fitzgerald - Former Employees
Florentin Bosse

__NOTOC__ 
Florentin Bosse is the chief technology officer of Swapstream, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the CME Group based in London. Previously, Bosse was head of fixed income IT and front office systems at Commerzbank for four years.
== Background ==
Bosse served in a director's capacity as group leader and program manager at Deutsche Bank. He has also worked in IT at DG Bank Frankfurt, Citibank, and Bank of New York.
== Education ==
Bosse earned a MSc in computer engineering from the University of Bucharest and New York University.
== References ==
Category:CME Group
Category:Swapstream
Florian Seifferer

__NOTOC__ 
Florian Seifferer is the chief strategy officer at IEX Group, a role he assumed in March of 2024. He is responsible for focusing on new market opportunities and forging partnerships aimed at long-term growth and profitability for the Group and IEX's digital asset initiatives. 
== Background ==
Before Seifferer joined IEX in 2022, he spent a decade at Deutsche Börse, both in NYC and Frankfurt, where from 2018 to 2022, he served as COO for the Americas at the German exchange’s 360 Trading Networks, Inc. (360T), a global marketplace. He played a key role in scaling the company's business and strategic initiatives in the Americas. He was responsible for global product and business development for Deutsche Börse’s electronic repo market, collateral management, and securities lending solutions.
== Education ==
Seifferer earned a Master of Science in finance from the Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, and his undergraduate degree in international economics and development the University of Bayreuth.
== References ==	
Category:Deutsche Börse - Former Employees
Floyd Converse

__NOTOC__ 
Floyd Converse is head of sales and marketing in the U.S. for SwapClear, a global clearing service for over-the-counter (OTC) interest rate swaps run by LCH.Clearnet Ltd.
== Background ==
Previously, he was a managing director at Bank of America Merrill Lynch. He has over 20 years experience in OTC derivatives and has held senior sales and marketing roles with other major banks including Goldman Sachs and JP Morgan.
== John Lothian News Interview ==
Floyd M. Converse spoke with John Lothian News (JLN) editor-in-chief Jim Kharouf about FCM regulation and changes to the SEF landscape for MarketsReformWiki. Converse also explains what we can expect from global regulation affecting the OTC interest rate swap market and what firms should do to prepare. Published August 4, 2011.
== References ==	
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:LCH.Clearnet
Floyd Mayweather Jr.

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Floyd Mayweather is an American professional boxer. In the cryptocurrency world, he is known for his paid promotion of ICOs for Centra and STOX via social media.
== Background ==
A month before taking on Conor McGregor in a highly publicized world championship boxing match in late August 2017, Floyd Mayweather Jr., the lightweight champion, took time from his workouts to notify his 17 million Instagram followers on July 27 that he was supporting the ICO for STOX, a prediction market. The STOX ICO, which ended on August 8, 2017, succeeded in raising $33 million.
=== SEC enforcement action ===
Mayweather went on to endorse Centra Tech's ICO in September 2017. It raised $32 million. On April 3, 2018 the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) charged Centra Tech's founders with fraudulent activities in connection with the ICO in addition to violating securities law by offering unregistered securities in the form of tokens. All three founders of Centra Tech plead guilty.
In late November 2018, the SEC fined Mayweather, along with celebrity music producer DJ Khaled, $300,000 for failing to disclose that he had been paid for his endorsement by Centra Tech. Mayweather's fine included penalties for promoting two additional ICOs.
==References==
Category:celebrities
Category:regulation
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Fnality

Fnality International provides a digital cash system that uses blockchain technology to settle financial transactions. It was founded to create a network of decentralized Financial Market Infrastructures (dFMIs) to provide payment through blockchain in wholesale banking markets.
It is backed by a consortium of financial institutions including many of the globally systemically important banks (GSIBs) who sponsored the "USC Project" (Utility Settlement Coin). The founding shareholders of Fnality are: Banco Santander, Bank of New York Mellon, Barclays, CIBC, Commerzbank, Credit Suisse, ING, KBC Group, Lloyds Banking Group, MUFG Group, Nasdaq, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, State Street Bank & Trust, and UBS. Clearmatics is the technology partner to Fnality.
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
*Rhomaios Ram - CEO
*Olaf Ransome - CCO
*James Coltman - CFO
*Jim Turley - Chairman
== References ==
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Fnality International

Fnality International provides a digital cash system that uses blockchain technology to settle financial transactions. It was founded to create a network of decentralized Financial Market Infrastructures (dFMIs) to provide payment through blockchain in wholesale banking markets.
It is backed by a consortium of financial institutions including many of the globally systemically important banks (GSIBs) who sponsored the "USC Project" (Utility Settlement Coin). The founding shareholders of Fnality are: Banco Santander, Bank of New York Mellon, Barclays, CIBC, Commerzbank, Credit Suisse, ING, KBC Group, Lloyds Banking Group, MUFG Group, Nasdaq, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, State Street Bank & Trust, and UBS. Clearmatics is the technology partner to Fnality.
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
*Rhomaios Ram - CEO
*Olaf Ransome - CCO
*James Coltman - CFO
*Jim Turley - Chairman
== References ==
Foley & Lardner, LLP

Foley & Lardner LLP is an international law firm headquartered in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, with offices across the United States and international locations. The firm's Chicago office is one of its largest, with over 140 lawyers and legal professionals providing comprehensive legal services to clients in various industries, both locally and globally.
==Chicago Office== 
Located on the city's Riverwalk, Foley's Chicago office is particularly known for its practices in several key areas:
=== Broker-Dealer and Commodities Futures ===
The office has a strong practice in broker-dealer and commodities futures law, advising clients in this specialized industry.
=== Manufacturing and Supply Chain ===
Foley's Chicago attorneys assist manufacturing companies and their supply chain partners with legal matters related to their operations.
=== Bankruptcy and Business Reorganizations ===
The office has a dedicated practice focused on bankruptcy and business reorganization matters, guiding clients through complex restructuring processes.
=== Intellectual Property ===
The firm's intellectual property attorneys in Chicago help clients protect their innovations and brands through various IP services, including patent prosecution, litigation, and counseling.
=== Project Finance ===
Foley's Chicago office provides legal counsel to clients involved in project finance transactions, particularly in the energy and infrastructure sectors.
=== Real Estate ===
The firm's real estate practice in Chicago handles a wide range of real estate matters, including acquisitions, dispositions, financing, and development projects.
In addition to these core practice areas, Foley's Chicago attorneys offer experienced counsel in various other areas, including business law, health care, litigation, regulatory affairs, tax and estate planning, telecommunications, information technology, outsourcing, product distribution, and corporate compliance.
=== Community Involvement ===
Beyond their legal practice, Foley's Chicago attorneys and legal professionals are actively involved in the local community. They provide pro bono services and support to various organizations that promote the greater good, including the Boys & Girls Clubs of Chicago, The Field Museum, The Greater Chicago Food Depository, Chicago Public Schools, and Cristo Rey Jesuit High School.
== References ==
Category:Lawyers
Category:Law Firms
Forbes

Forbes is a U.S. publishing and media company. Its flagship publication is the biweekly Forbes magazine which covers U.S. and global business. The North American edition of Forbes has a circulation of just under one million and Forbes also publishes several local-language editions abroad. The magazine is best known for its signature annual list of America's wealthiest individuals.
== Background ==
 
Forbes was founded in 1917 by B.C. Forbes, then a respected Hearst newspaper columnist. The magazine has since become one of the world's premier business and finance publications with a readership of 900,000 in North America and 1.4 million around the world. The average age of Forbes' (overwhelmingly male) readers is 43 and their average annual income is just over $88,000. 
==Stiff Competition==
Forbes' circulation revenue for 2007 totalled $58.18 million (41st of all U.S. publications), marginally less than main competitors BusinessWeek ($62.07 million, 36th) and Barron's ($58.44 million, 40th). The North American edition of The Economist topped the competitors' list with $102.64 million, 19th overall.
Forbes' main competitors in the weekly/biweekly business business and finance market are:
* BusinessWeek
* Barron's
* Fortune
* Money
* Kiplinger's
* The Economist
==The Lists==
Compiling lists on everything from America's Unhealthiest Commutes, to the World's Most Expensive Private Islands, has become a Forbes hallmark over recent years. Best known of its lists is the eagerly-awaited annual Forbes 400 Richest Americans, but the lists also include America's 400 Best Big Companies, World's 2,000 Largest Companies and Asia's Fabulous 50 Companies. It also ranks America's most sinful cities, categorized by each of the seven deadly sins.
==Latest News==
The magazine recently lost the creator and writer of popular humorous blogsite "Fake Steve Jobs" (FSJ), Forbes editor Dan Lyons. Lyons jumped ship to Newsweek where he will develop new blogs and sites. Consequently, Forbes' FSJ blog has recently featured some "guest bloggers" including a "Fake Jerry Yang" blog that brooded over bad smells emanating from elderly shareholder Carl Icahn.
==Key People==
 Forbes magazine editor-in-chief Steve Forbes is also president and CEO of parent company Forbes and one of America's most influential people. During the 1990s he ran for the Repubican nomination for President twice (1996 and 2000) and was chairman of conservative political groups Americans for Hope, Growth and Opportunity and Empower America. Forbes succeeded his legendary father, Malcolm Forbes, at the helm of Forbes in 1990 and in 1999 authored the book "A New Birth of Freedom" (Regnery, 1999) to promote his ideas. Under President Ronald Reagan, Steve Forbes oversaw the operations of Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty and served as chairman of the Board of International Broadcasting (BIB) from 1985 until 1993. Forbes currently writes editorials for the magazine under the heading "Fact and Comment" and is a four-time winner of the unevenly-rated Crystal Owl Award for economic predictions.
== References ==
Force Majeure

Force Majeure is a provision in a contract that frees both parties from obligation due to unforeseeable circumstances that causes one or both parties from performing. Force majeure are often called "acts of god" and examples include both natural and man-made events like a declaration of war, or a disease epidemic, a hurricane, or earthquake. Fires, floods, and labor disputes can also be the cause of a force majeure..
Force majeure is French for "Superior Force." Force majeure originated in the civil laws of France as part of the Napoleonic Code and have become parts of common law in countries around the world, from the United States to Signapore.
There are four key elements to consider for force majeure to apply. The first is the event needs to be highly unusual. The second is it needs to be materially impactful. Third, the event needs to be reasonably unforeseeable. And lastly, the impaired party must have made attempts at a "work-around" to reduce the impact.
The specific language of a contract around the issue of force majeure is very important. What is considered a force majeure will rely on the specific contract, applicable law and other relevant facts.
== References ==
Category:Legal Terms
Category:Definitions
Forefront Communications

Forefront Communications is a New York-based communications, marketing and publc relations firm founded by Mark Dowd and Eric Soderberg.
Forefront focuses on institutional fintech and capital markets firms of all sizes.
== History ==
Forefront Communications was founded in 2016 and has a staff of 15, with nearly 30 clients in the United States and abroad. Clients include DASH Financial Technologies, the SIP Operating Committee, the Security Traders Administration (STA), Luminex, Itiviti, MayStreet and Tourmaline Partners.
== Products and Services ==
Forefront provides clients with a range of PR, digital marketing and content writing services, including: messaging and positioning strategy, media and presentation training, client and employee communications, thought leadership content, website design, influencer engagement, social media and SEO.
== Awards and Recognition ==
In July 2018, Forefront was recognized by the Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) at the annual Bronze Anvil Awards for its work with Thasos Group, a geolocation data firm.
In December 2019, Forefront was one of six firms named to Observer’s Financial PR Honor Roll, spotlighting the most influential firms serving the financial services industry. The New York-based publication noted that “the agency punches way above its weight,” helping it build an impressive roster of clients in just three years.
In March 2021, Forefront was named one of Insider’s Top 18 boutique PR firms in a list encompassing all industries across the United States.
== Key People ==
*Mark Dowd - Managing Partner
*Eric Soderberg - Managing Partner
*Rafi Reguer - Senior Account Executive
*Sam Belden - Vice President
*Alexandra Benavides - Account Executive 
*Jed Hamilton - Executive Vice President
*Jane Hilger - Account Executive
*CJ Lengua - Senior Vice President
*Lindsey Patterson - Senior Account Executive
*Amanda Perrucci - Vice President
*Thomas Rafael - Head of Creative
*Sam Raffalli - Account Executive 
*Rafi Reguer - Senior Consultant
*Vistoria DiSilva - Senior Account Executive
== References ==
Category:Communications Firms
Foreign Exchange Professionals Association (FXPA)

The Foreign Exchange Professionals Association (FXPA) is a trade group launched by the FX industry in 2014. Its constituency represents a number of FX participants from all over the industry. FXPA aims to work with US and international regulators and policymakers to educate the public and the media about, and to advocate for, the foreign exchange markets.
Its stated goal is to advance a sound, liquid, transparent and competitive global currency market.
The FX market is estimated at approximately $5.3 trillion-a-day.
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Membership ==
FXPA membership includes a number of institutions from all segments of the industry: buy-side, exchanges, clearing houses, trading platforms, MTFs, and technology companies. The 10 initial founding members are the Bank of New York Mellon, CalPERS, Campbell & Company, Citadel, CME Group, GFI Group, LCH.Clearnet, LMAX Exchange, Traiana and Virtu Financial.
In December of 2014 FXPA added five more institutional members: Bloomberg Tradebook Services, Cürex, FastMatch, Nasdaq and Singapore Exchange (SGX). Those five members have joined FXPA’s founders’ council and become members of the initial board of directors.
== Key People ==
Executive Committee:
* Susan Dauber, Head of Legal & Regulatory, Euronext FX, and Chairperson of Euronext Markets Singapore, is Chair. 
* Chip Lowry, Senior Managing Director at State Street, is Vice Chair.
* Paul Houston, Global Head of FX at CME Group, is Treasurer.
* Lauren Rosborough Watt, Investment Manager at CalPERS, is Secretary.
Founding Board Members:
*Chris Concannon, President & COO, Virtu Financial
*Patrick Bartle, Global Head of FX Strategy, LMAX Exchange
*Mark Sandomeno, Manager, GFI Emerging Markets, GFI Group
*Gavin Wells, Global Head of CDSClear & ForexClear, LCH.Clearnet
== References ==