Niall Ferguson

Niall Ferguson is Laurence A. Tisch Professor of History at Harvard University and William Ziegler Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School. He is also a Senior Research Fellow at Jesus College, Oxford University, and a Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University.Overview, Niall Ferguson, Faculty & Research, Harvard Business School, accessed 26 July 2010.
Ferguson is married to former Dutch MP and activist Ayaan Hirsi Ali.
==Early life==
Ferguson was born in Glasgow on 18 April 1964. He was educated at Glasgow Academy.PROFILE: Niall Ferguson, Sunday Times, 14 February 2010.
==Academic career==
Ferguson graduated from Magdalen College, Oxford with First Class Honours in 1985.Overview, Niall Ferguson, Faculty & Research, Harvard Business School, accessed 26 July 2010.
Subsequently, writes Robert S. Boynton, "Ferguson was accepted into the postgraduate program. He chose as his mentor the historian Norman Stone, who was a fellow-Scot, a Glasgow Academy alumnus, a much reviled Thatcherite, and-like one of Stone's heroes, A.J.P. Taylor, a media don."Robert S. Boynton, Thinking the Unthinkable: A profile of Niall Ferguson, New Yorker, 12 April 1999, archived at robertboynton.com. 
He spent two years as a Hanseatic Scholar in Hamburg and Berlin.Overview, Niall Ferguson, Faculty & Research, Harvard Business School, accessed 26 July 2010. Ferguson's supplemented his income by writing for the Daily Mail and the Daily Telegraph, while studying in the Warburg archives in Hamburg. This research provided the material for his first book, Paper and Iron, which argued that "the hyperinflation that destroyed Weimar's rich bourgeois culture could have been avoided by a combination of deflationary economic policies and authoritarian political measures".Robert S. Boynton, Thinking the Unthinkable: A profile of Niall Ferguson, New Yorker, 12 April 1999, archived at robetboynton.com. 
He took up a Research Fellowship at Christ’s College, Cambridge in 1989. He later moved to a Lectureship at PeterhouseOverview, Niall Ferguson, Faculty & Research, Harvard Business School, accessed 26 July 2010., where he was influenced by the conservative historian Maurice Cowling.Robert S. Boynton, Thinking the Unthinkable: A profile of Niall Ferguson, New Yorker, 12 April 1999, archived at robetboynton.com. 
He returned to Oxford in 1992 to become Fellow and Tutor in Modern History at Jesus College, a position he held until 2000, when he was appointed Professor of Political and Financial History at Oxford. Two years later he left for the United States to take up the Herzog Chair in Financial History at the Stern Business School, New York University. He moved to Harvard in 2004.Overview, Niall Ferguson, Faculty & Research, Harvard Business School, accessed 26 July 2010.
==Debate on the financial crisis==
In April 2009 Ferguson debated the financial crisis along with economist Paul Krugman and others at the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art.The Economic Crisis and How to Deal with It, PEN, 30 April 2009. The event proved to be the starting point for a literary spat. Krugman wrote on his New York Times blog that the event proved that "we’re living in a Dark Age of macroeconomics, in which hard-won knowledge has simply been forgotten."
::What’s the evidence? Niall Ferguson “explaining” that fiscal expansion will actually be contractionary, because it will drive up interest rates. At least that’s what I think he said; there were so many flourishes that it’s hard to tell. But in any case, this is really sad: John Hicks knew far more about this in 1937 than people who think they’re sophisticates know now.Paul Krugman, Liquidity preference, loanable funds, and Niall Ferguson (wonkish), The Conscience of a Liberal, nytimes.com, 2 May 2009. 
Ferguson claimed a month later in the Financial Times that a subsequent rise in bond yields "settled a rather public argument between me and the Princeton economist Paul Krugman."Niall Ferguson, History lesson for economists in thrall to Keynes, Financil Times, 29 May 2009.
In July 2010, Ferguson wrote:
::The federal debt burden [in the United States] rose only slightly – from 40 to 45 per cent of GDP – prior to the outbreak of the second world war. It was the war that saw the US (and all the other combatants) embark on fiscal expansions of the sort we have seen since 2007.Quoted in Brad Delong, Can't Anybody Here Play This Game? Fiscal Policy Edition, Grasping Reality with Both Hands, 19 July 2010.
Krugman retorted:
::If you were ignorant of basic facts about the Depression — or if you didn’t know that movements in a ratio can reflect changes in the denominator as well as the numerator — you might think that it’s possible to summarize fiscal policy by looking at the federal debt-GDP ratio...Paul Krugman, Depression Debt, The Conscience of a Liberal, nytimes.com, 20 July 2010.
==National Curriculum role==
At the 2010 Hay Festival, the new Education Secretary Michael Gove invited Ferguson to "spend more time in Britain to help us design a more exciting and engaging history curriculum?."Charlotte Higgins, Rightwing historian Niall Ferguson given school curriculum role, guardian.co.uk, 30 May 2010. Gove had praised Ferguson in 2006 article because he "he dared to approach the legacy of the British Empire with a balanced mind, accepting its manifold evils but also ready to acknowledge its progressive side."Michael Gove, There's only one Fergie in the history game, michaelgove.com, 14 June 2006.
==Israel advocacy==
In October 2015, Ferguson signed a letter in The Guardian along with more than 150 people drawn from the arts and politics. The letter launched Culture for Coexistence, an organisation that opposes the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement.Harriet Sherwood, 'Star authors call for Israeli-Palestinian dialogue rather than boycotts', The Guardian, 22 October 2015, accessed 23 October 2015
==Affiliations==
*Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs
*Harvard University
*Harvard Business School 
*Center for European Studies 
*Jesus College, Oxford University
*Hoover Institution
*Weatherhead Center for International Affairs
*Centre for Policy Studies
===Conferences===
*Bilderberg 2009 Vouliagmeni 
*Bilderberg 2010 Sitges
==Publications==
===Books===
*Paper and Iron: Hamburg Business and German Politics in the Era of Inflation, 1897–1927, Cambridge University Press, 1995.
*(editor) Virtual History: Alternatives and Counterfactuals, Macmillan, 1997.
*The World’s Banker: The History of the House of Rothschild, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1998.
*The Pity of War, Allen Lane/Penguin Press, 1998.
*The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000, Allen Lane/Penguin Press, 2001.
*Empire: How Britain Made the Modern World, Allen Lane/Penguin Press, 2003.
*Colossus: The Rise and Fall of the American Empire, London, Allen Lane/Penguin Press, 2004.
*The War of the World: History’s Age of Hatred, London, Allen Lane/Penguin Press, 2006.
*(with Oliver Wyman), The Evolution of Financial Services, London/New York: Oliver Wyman, 2007.
*The Ascent of Money: A Financial History of the World, New York: Penguin Press, 2008.Books, niallferguson.com, accessed 24 July 2010.
==External resources==
*Robert S. Boynton, Thinking the Unthinkable: A profile of Niall Ferguson, New Yorker, 12 April 1999, archived at robertboynton.com.
*Johann Hari, There can be no excuse for Empire, 12 June 2006.
*Johann Hari, The truth? Our empire killed millions, 17 June 2006.
*David Smith, Ferguson: The empire rebuilder, The Observer, 18 June 2006.
*Johann Hari, Niall Ferguson - the row continues, 23 June 2006. 
*PROFILE: Niall Ferguson, Sunday Times, 14 February 2010.
*Laurie Penny, Michael Gove and the imperialists New Statesman blogs, 1 June 2010.
*Bernard Porter, Militant Tendency, London Review of Books, 29 June 2010.
*Jessica Irvine, 'Pathetic' campaigns need a swing to the East, Sydney Morning Herald, 27 July 2010.
*Michael Lind, Niall Ferguson and the brain-dead American right, Salon, 24 May 2011.
==Notes==
Ferguson, NiallFerguson, NiallFerguson, Niall