Blackjack card counting systems

Blackjack, or Twenty-one, is the most popular casino game. With the development of the personal computer, players, including mathematically skilled individuals who had used brute force methods to develop systems to win at the game, found that computer-developed systems provided a distinct advantage. 
In the 1960's, blackjack became the most popular of casino games after computer-based systems were developed which gave an edge to the player. Various mathematicians and gamblers including Edward Thorp and Les Golden have refined these systems.Golden, Les (2010). “Countering the Casino Countering of Counters: The Golden Diagram to the Rescue,” Bluff Europe, June, p. 84-85Golden, Les (2011). “Trust Me: An Undetectable Winning System For Blackjack! ,” Bluff Europe, March, p. 94-95Golden, Leslie M. (2011). “An Analysis of the Disadvantage to Players of Multiple Decks in the Game of 21.” The Mathematical Scientist, 32, 2, p. 57-69http://www.appliedprobability.org/content.aspx?Group=tms&Page=tmsabstractsGolden, Les (2011). “Stepping Out With My Baby: The Stepwise Betting Strategy,” Bluff Europe, April, p. 92-93
There are tables that summarize the most popular and most powerful systems. References are provided to the developers of the systems and the most authoritative websites which discuss their attributes.
The numbers in the tables are the values assigned to the given card. In blackjack, 10s, Jacks, Queens, and Kings are all considered "10-value" cards. The total "count" of a hand is the arithmetic sum of the values assigned to the cards being held in the hand.
==References==
==External links==
* Home Page
* An Interview With Les Golden
* N.E.A.R.
* U.C. Jazz
* KALX Radio 90.7 FM
* Illinois Authors Listing
* World Catalog Listing
* Collected Writings
* Library Thing Listing
* Authors Den Listing 
* Theiapolis listing as actor
* Cartoonist listing at Comiclopedia
* CreativeHotList
==Categories==
Category:Academia
Category:Actors
Category:Theatre
Category:American academics
Category:American actor-politicians
Category:American environmentalists
Category:American essayists
Category:Comics characters
Category:Betting systems
Category:Research
Category:Film theorists
Category:American film actors
Category:American stand-up comedians
Category:American male singers
Category:Gambling 
Category:Gambling games 
Category:Gambling terminology
Category:American comedians
Category:American musicians
Category:American non-fiction writers
Category:American sports announcers
Category:College basketball announcers
Category:American writers
Category:Politics
Category:Political slogans
Category:Probability theory
Category:Jewish actors
Category:Jewish comedians
Category:Jewish writers
Category:Jewish environmentalists
Category:Jewish writers
Category:Jewish animal welfare advocates
Category:Jewish academics
Category:Jewish cartoonists
Category:Jewish politicians
Category:Jewish musicians
Category:Jewish gambling writers
Category:Jewish playwrights
Category:Jewish bandleaders
Category:Jewish astronomers
Category:Notable residents of Oak Park Illinois
Category:Notable residents of Illinois
Category:Gambling writers
Category:Acting
Category:Activism
Category:American astronomers
Category:American columnists
Category:American computer programmers
Category:American entertainers
Category:American film actors
Category:American jazz trumpeters
Category:American people of Jewish descent
Category:American people of Polish-Jewish descent
Category:American political writers
Category:American scientists
Category:American screenwriters
Category:American stage actors
Category:American voice actors
Category:Animal Welfare
Category:Astronomy
Category:Authors
Category:Blackjack
Category:Celebrities
Category:Celebrity Interviews
Category:Jewish American writers
Category:Jewish scientists
Category:Illinois Republicans
Category:Illinois politicians
Category:Scientists from Illinois
Category:Cornell University alumni
Category:Astrophysicists
Category:University of California Berkeley alumni
Category:Film production companies of the United States
Category:Card games