nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Oxime silicone

== Description ==
One type of room temperature vulcanization (RTV) silicones. An oxime-type silicone uses a neutral chemical, such as an oxime, to initiate the curing mechanism in combination with water (from the atmosphere). The oxime silicone cures much slower than an acid-based (acetoxy) silicone, but only releases a methyl ethyl ketoxime as a by-product of the curing process (instead of acetic acid). Once cured, the oxime silicone is non-corrosive and has excellent oil and temperature resistant properties. It can adhere to concrete and is non-corrosive for most metals.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Neutral-cure Silicone; neutral cure silicone; 
Examples: Surebon SB-170; ASI 335 Neutral Cure Silicone.
== Applications ==
* Adhesive, sealant
* Often used for electronics
== Personal Risks ==
* Acute toxicity upon ingestion, eye contact or inhalation. 
* Skin contact may cause some skin irritation or facilitate an allergic dermal reaction
* Adaseal: SDS
== Working Properties ==
Generally available in one part system with applicator
RTV Silicone adhesives and sealants have many advantageous properties; their only real limitations are that they cannot be painted over with water base paint, and the fact that water vapor passes relatively easily through cured silicone rubber. Other than that, these adhesives are incredibly flexible (depending on the temperature), and have a wide operating temperature range. They are resistant to harsh weather conditions, humidity, and mold and mildew, and also carry excellent electrical properties. RTV Silicones have a 40-year life span and a high degree of elongation; they are easy to dispense, even in cold temperatures, and are VOC compliant, with excellent UV and thermal stability properties.
== Resources and Citations ==
* Contributions: Kate Wight Tyler, AIC Plastics Panel, 2020.
* Glue Gun Website:RTV Silicones
Category:Materials database
Oxirane

== Description ==
Common name used for ethylene oxide. Oxirane also refers to the general COC triangular configuration of atoms of an oxygen atom bonded to two adjoining and bonded carbon atoms (Brady 1971). Oxirane compounds are used to make epoxy resins.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
ethylene oxide
== Risks ==
* Extremely flammable gas at room temperature that is heavier than air. 
* Contact with aqueous solutions causes burns. 
* Toxic by ingestion and inhalation. 
* Liquid may cause frostbite. 
* SynQuest: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Composition 	C2H4O
CAS 	75-21-8
Melting Point 	-111 C
Density 	0.9 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 44.1
Boiling Point 	11 C
==Resources and Citations==
G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, 10th edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1971.
Category:Materials database
Oxycellulose

== Description ==
A degradation product due to the oxidation of cellulose. Oxycellulose can be formed by natural oxidation or by bleaching processes.
==Resources and Citations==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
Category:Materials database
Oxychloride cement

== Description ==
A hard durable cement. Oxychloride cement is made from a mixture of magnesium chloride and magnesium oxide in water. Extenders such as sawdust, sand, stone, or chalk may be added. Oxychloride cement was patented by M. Sorel, a French chemist in the 1870s. It is called a hydraulic cement because it will harden even when it is under water.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
oxychloric cement (AAT); magnesium oxychloride cement; Sorel cement; hydraulic cement; magnesia cement
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 173
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Thomas C. Jester (ed.), Twentieth-Century Building Materials, McGraw-Hill Companies, Washington DC, 1995
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 Comment: oxychloric cement
Category:Materials database
Oxydol

== Description ==
[FMCG Global brands (2021)] A trademark for a water-soluble powdered soap. Oxydol® was first sold in 1927 by Proctor & Gamble. It was advertised as a cleaner for clothes, dishes, upholstery, rugs, linoleum, woodwork, and painted walls. The rights to the Oxydol® product were sold to Redox in 2000. In 2021, FMCG Global Brands Limited, acquired the Oxydol brand for the United Kingdom
==Resources and Citations==
* Wikipedia: Oxydol August 2022
* FindArticle Website: Redox article
* Website: http://www.pg.com.eg/history2.cfm (accesses 2/16/04)
Category:Materials database
Oxyfume

== Description ==
[Union Carbide] A brand name for gaseous mixture of ethylene oxide diluted with carbon dioxide or dichlorodifluoromethane. Oxyfume is a colorless, gas with an ether-like odor. It is used for sterilizing medical instruments and formerly for fumigating insects and pests.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Oxyfume 12 (88% Freon 12% ETO)
Category:Materials database
Oxygen

== Description ==
A nonmetallic gaseous element. Oxygen is the most abundant element on earth; it makes up 46.6% of the earth's crust and 20.95% of the earth's atmosphere where it exists primarily as a diatomic gas, O2. Oxygen was first recognized as an element by Joseph Priestly in 1774. It liquefies at -133C (at a pressure of 59 atmospheres). Liquid oxygen is used in medicine and diving as a breathing aid. It is also use for acetylene and oxyhydrogen torches to weld and cut metals. Oxygen and oxidizing agents can corrode metals. Some metals, such as aluminum, form an initial protective oxide layer that inhibits further reactions, while other metals, such as iron, are continually reactive.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
O; O2; dephlogisticated air; empyreal air; vital air; pure air; Zuurstof (Ned.); oxygène (Fr.); Sauerstoff (Deut.); ossigeno (It.); Oxigênio (Port.); oxi´geno (Esp.); Syre (Sven.)
== Risks ==
* Supports combustion. Electric sparks can cause an explosion in oxygen enriched air. 
* Airgas: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Composition 	O (atomic no. 8)
CAS 	7782-44-7
Melting Point 	-218.4 C
Molecular Weight	atomic wt = 15.9994
Boiling Point 	-182.96 C
== Resources and Citations ==
* Web Elements: Website
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 566
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 7098
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
Category:Materials database
Oxygen barrier film

== Description==
\
Film Type 	OTR @ 73°F (23°C), 0% RH 	OTR @ 73°F (23°C), 0% RH
Film Type 	(cc/100 in2/24 hr) 	(cc/m2/24 hr)
The following OTRs are bulk material properties displayed at 1 mil. You may divide by the gauge (in mil) in order to approximate OTR at a different thickness. 	The following OTRs are bulk material properties displayed at 1 mil. You may divide by the gauge (in mil) in order to approximate OTR at a different thickness. 	The following OTRs are bulk material properties displayed at 1 mil. You may divide by the gauge (in mil) in order to approximate OTR at a different thickness.
EVOH* (ethylene vinyl alcohol) 	.005 -.12 	.08 - .19
Biax Nylon-6 	1.2 - 2.5 	18.6 - 39
OPET (oriented polyester) 	2 - 6 	31 - 93
OPP 	100 - 160 	1550 - 2500
Cast PP 	150 - 200 	2300 - 3100
HDPE (high density polyethylene) 	150 - 200 	2300 - 3100
OPS (oriented polystyrene) 	280 - 400 	4350 -6200
LDPE (low density polyethylene) 	450 - 500 	7000 - 8500
The following OTRs are enhanced by coating or metallizing. Therefore, these are not bulk film properties, and total film thickness has little impact on the OTR value.	The following OTRs are enhanced by coating or metallizing. Therefore, these are not bulk film properties, and total film thickness has little impact on the OTR value.	The following OTRs are enhanced by coating or metallizing. Therefore, these are not bulk film properties, and total film thickness has little impact on the OTR value.
Metallized OPET 	.01 - .11 	.16 - 1.7
PVOH-coated OPP (AOH) 	.02 	.31
Metallized biax Nylon-6 	.05 	.78
PVdC-coated OPET 	.30 - .50 	4.7 - 7.8
High Barrier PVdC-coated OPP 	.30 - .60 	4.7 - 9.3
PVdC-coated biax Nylon-6 	.35 - .50 	4.7 - 7.8
Metallized OPP 	1.2 - 10 	19 - 160
Sealable PVdC-coated OPP 	1.5 - 3.5 	23 - 54
Oxygen scavenger

== Description ==
A system or substance, such as a metal hydride or fine particle iron, that actively removes oxygen from the atmosphere by adsorption, absorption, or chemical reaction. Oxygen scavengers are used to produce anoxic environments that can minimize oxidation or kill insects. The most common type of oxygen scavenger is iron powder mixed with sodium chloride. Moisture activates the iron to oxidize, thus forming iron oxide resulting in a decrease in oxygen levels. Usually the rection requires RH of 65% but at low humidity, sodium chloride can initiate the oxidation reaction. Iron powder can reduceoxygen levels to below 0.01% in an air-tight container.
Other types of oxygen scavengers include: ferrous carbonate, tetrahydrofuran; ascorbic acid, hydrazine, and oxygen adsorbent polymers. 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Oxygen absorber
Brand names: Ageless®; RP-K; RP-A; VELOXY®
==Resources and Citations==
* Wikipedia: Oxygen scavenger Accessed July 2023
* A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms, Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998
* Website: www.cwaller.de/oxygen.htm
* AMOL reCollections Glossary -http://amol.org.au/recollections/7/o/htm
Category:Materials database
Oyster shell

== Description ==
Shells from any marine mollusk of the family Ostreidae. Edible mollusks, such as the Ostrea virginica, found in the Gulf of Mexico and the Chesapeake Bay, account for most of the shells currently produced. Some mollusk shells, such as abalone, Pearl oyster and mussel, have a hard iridescent inner layer. The iridescence is caused by the interference of light waves reflected between the thin overlapping layers. Pearl white, a white, calcium carbonate pigment is made by either crushing pearls or oyster shells. Oyster shells are also crushed then calcined to produce a high grade of commercial lime.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
coquille d'huitre (Fr.); écaille d'huitre (Fr.); concha de ostra (Port.); pearl white; oyster shell white
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Aragonite 2.TIF~FTIR (MFA)|Aragonite (HU Min. Museum 116189), 50X, 785 nm copy.tif~Raman (MFA)|aragonite.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
== Risks ==
* No significant hazards. 
* ThermoFisher: SDS
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
* Reacts with acids to evolve carbon dioxide. 
* Aragonite is harder and denser than calcite 
* Fracture = uneven to splinter
* Luster = greasy or pearly 
* Streak = white 
* Fluorescence = variable
* Birefringence = strong (0.155) showing interference colors
* Straight extinction
Mohs Hardness 	3.5 - 4.0
Density 	2.93-2.95 g/ml
Refractive Index	1.530 - 1.686
== Resources and Citations ==
* Gem Identification Lab Manual, Gemological Institute of America, 2016.
* Wikipedia: Seashell Accessed Dec 2022.
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* R.D. Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 132
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Ozocerite

== Description ==
A natural, waxy mixture of paraffinic hydrocarbons. Ozocerite occurs in rocks found in Utah, Galicia, Australia, and in Romania near the Caspian Sea. The light yellow to dark brown mineral wax is used as a substitute for beeswax and carnauba wax in polishes, candles, printing inks, crayons, sealing waxes, phonograph records, and insulation. It is also used for leather polish, lithographic and printing inks, carbon paper, floor polishes, waxed paper, and textile sizing. When purified by boiling and alkali treatments, ozocerite is called ceresin wax.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
ozoquerita (Esp.); ozocérite (Fr.); ozocerite (It); ozokerite; fossil wax; earth wax
== Risks ==
* Combustible.
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
* Soluble in petroleum solvents, benzene, turpentine, carbon disulfide. 
* Slightly soluble in ethanol. Insoluble in water. 
* Acid value= 0
* Iodine value=0
* Saponification value = 0
* Melting Point = 55-110 (raw); 74.4-75.0 (refined)
* Density = 0.85-0.95
== Resources and Citations ==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 567; melting point 55-100, specific gravity = 0.85-0.95
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966 Comment: ozokerite
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozocerite (Accessed Feb. 10, 2006)
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: (refined) melting point = 74.4-75.0, density=0.907-0.920, acid value= 0; iodine value=0, saponification value = 0
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: Ozokerite." . Accessed 14 Apr. 2004. Melting point 58-100 C 
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 Comment: ozokerite
Category:Materials database
Ozone

== Description ==
A, pungent, reactive gas that exists as an allotropic form of oxygen containing three atoms. Ozone is produced when an electric spark, lightening, or ultraviolet light is passed through air or oxygen. It is found in the lower atmosphere in minute quantities especially after a thunderstorm. In the upper atmosphere, it absorbs ultraviolet rays, preventing them from reaching the surface of the earth. Ozone is a powerful oxidizing agent. It is used for bleaching waxes, textiles, oils as well as for sterilization and disinfection. Ozone readily oxidizes organic materials such as rubber, cellulosics, and proteins along with some inorganic materials such as marble, limestone, and frescos. Potential sources of ozone in indoor environments are old style electrostatic copy machines, electrostatic precipitator type air filtration units, and arc welders.
* See Pollutant record for a comparison table of aerosols and collection risks.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
triatomic oxygen
== Personal Risks ==
* Pure ozone is very toxic and corrosive. 
* Ozone Solutions: SDS
==Collection Risks==
* Rubber, cellulose and protein embrittlement
* Dye, ink and pigment discoloration
* Photograph and book deterioration
* Readily converts acetaldehyde and formaldehyde to acetic acid and formic acid, respectively
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Composition 	O3
CAS 	10028-15-6
Melting Point 	-193 C
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 48.0
Boiling Point 	-112 C
== Resources and Citations ==
* Wikipedia: Ozone Accessed July 2023
* P.Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype, London, 2002.
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 566
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 7116
* Marjorie Shelley, The Care and Handling of Art Objects, The Metropolitan Museum, New York, 1987
* Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
Category:Materials databaseCategory: MWGCategory: Climate/Environment
Ozone paper

== Description ==
An indicator paper for the detection of ozone. Ozone paper is impregnated with potassium iodide and starch (LaBarre 1969). It will turn blue on exposure to ozone. Alternate detection solutions are composed of thallous hydroxide, which turns brown, or indigo, which lightens.
==Resources and Citations==
* E.J.LaBarre, Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Paper-making, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 1969.
Category:Materials database
P.I.R.A. test

== Description ==
An abbreviation for the Printing Industries Research Association test used to evaluate the condition of vegetable tanned leathers. The P.I.R.A. test examines the extent of deterioration caused over a seven day period by the exposure of a leather specimen to sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Leather that becomes black and gelatinized is deemed unsatisfactory for use.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Printing Industries Research Association test; PIRA test
==Resources and Citations==
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
Category:Materials database
PACCIN

= Packing, Art Handling, and Crating Information Network =
Founded in 1989, PACIN (Packing, Art Handling, and Crating Information Network) is dedicated to expanding the network of information and resources available to the museum and art handling communities with the goal of improving art handling professionalism. Areas of focus include packing, crating, shipping, rigging, storage, installation, mount making, exhibition fabrication, technical and material updates, educational and training opportunities, and job descriptions and responsibilities. PACIN is a non-profit, all volunteer group that was granted the status of Professional Interest Committee by the American Association of Museums (AAM) in 1997. (extracted from website)
The name of the organization was changed to PACCIN (Packing, Art Handling and Collection Care Insformation Network) in 2008.
Web Address 	www.paccin.org
Postal Address 	Current addresses, phone numbers, and email links for the PACIN steering committee are on website
Contact 	paccin@paccin.org
Information Online	Technical information
Courses / workshops
Books / brochures / articles
Publications viewable online
List serve
Archived information
Job openings
Membership / staff directory
Searchable 	No
Categories 	Technical info
Membership organization
Website Languages 	English
Category:Directory
Category:Directory: Technical info
Category:Directory: Membership organization
PACIN

= Packing, Art Handling, and Crating Information Network =
Founded in 1989, PACIN (Packing, Art Handling, and Crating Information Network) is dedicated to expanding the network of information and resources available to the museum and art handling communities with the goal of improving art handling professionalism. Areas of focus include packing, crating, shipping, rigging, storage, installation, mount making, exhibition fabrication, technical and material updates, educational and training opportunities, and job descriptions and responsibilities. PACIN is a non-profit, all volunteer group that was granted the status of Professional Interest Committee by the American Association of Museums (AAM) in 1997. (extracted from website)
The name of the organization was changed to PACCIN (Packing, Art Handling and Collection Care Insformation Network) in xxx.
Web Address 	www.paccin.org
Postal Address 	Current addresses, phone numbers, and email links for the PACIN steering committee are on website
Contact 	paccin@paccin.org
Information Online	Technical information
Courses / workshops
Books / brochures / articles
Publications viewable online
List serve
Archived information
Job openings
Membership / staff directory
Searchable 	No
Categories 	Technical info
Membership organization
Website Languages 	English
Category:Directory
Category:Directory: Technical info
Category:Directory: Membership organization
PADI

= Preserving Access to Digital Information =
"The National Library of Australia's Preserving Access to Digital Information (PADI) initiative aims to provide mechanisms that will help to ensure that information in digital form is managed with appropriate consideration for preservation and future access. Its objectives are: to facilitate the development of strategies and guidelines for the preservation of access to digital information; to develop and maintain a web site for information and promotion purposes; to actively identify and promote relevant activities; and to provide a forum for cross-sectoral cooperation on activities promoting the preservation of access to digital information. " (from website)
Web Address 	http://www.nla.gov.au/padi/index.html
Postal Address 	PADI Coordinator 
Preservation Services 
National Library of Australia 
Canberra ACT 2600 
AUSTRALIA
Phone 	+61 2 6262 1642
Fax 	+61 2 6262 1703
Contact 	padi@nla.gov.au
Information Online	Books / brochures / articles
Publications viewable online
List serve
Archived information
Related links
Searchable 	Yes
Categories 	General
Website Languages 	English
== Comments ==
discussion list = padiforum-lCategory:Directory
Category:Directory: General
PC4 Flax Paper

== Description ==
[Center for the Book, University of Iowa] A brand name for a thick, tough paper sheet handmade from raw flax. PC4 flax paper is cooked in lime without fermentation to provide maximum strength. The long fibers provide good tear resistance and high fold endurance. The paper was specifically designed for paper case bindings. Production of PC4 flax paper was discontinued in 2016
==Synonyms and Related Materials ==
See also Cavepaper and Twinrocker
== Forms/Sizes ==
Colors available in Natural, Yellow, Terracotta, Green, Blue, and Black.
Regular weight paper is .018 – .022 inch thick for paper case.
==Resources and Citations==
* Center for the Book, University of Iowa: website
Category:Materials database
PEC-12

== Description ==
[Photographic Solutions Inc., MA] A registered trademark for a photographic emulsion cleaner based on a hydrocarbon solvent formulation. PEC-12® was introduced commercially in 1983. The solvent mixture is designed to remove non-water based stains (fingerprints, grease, ink, adhesives, wax) from photographic emulsions.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
PEC 12 photo and slide cleaner
== Risks ==
* Flammable. Flash point = 24C (75F). 
* Use with adequate ventilation. 
* Manufacturer warning: Unhardened or inherently soft emulsions such as inkjet or dye-sub prints, chromogenic films, dye transfer matrix film, albumen, glass plate emulsion, and Polachrome instant slide film should NOT be cleaned with PEC-12 
* Photographic Solutions: SDS
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
* Hygroscopic.
* Melting Point = -77.4 C
* Density = 0.824 g/ml
* Boiling Point = 73.8 C
==Resources and Citations==
* Photographic Solutions: Webinfo
Category:Materials database