nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Ulf Bacher

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Ulf Bacher is the head of sales at Sernova Financial and is based in Frankfurt. Before joining Sernova, he held numerous senior positions in the financing and collateral management industry, both as principal and agent, including co-head of agency cash management at Société Générale
 
== Background ==
Before joining SocGen, Bacher worked for independent wealth management and advisory company Zan Partners. Bacher joined ZAN Partners Ltd., London in November 2008 as principal and head of triparty repo services. 
Before joining ZAN Partners, he was the global head of financing and securities management for Dresdner Bank. During his tenor, he was responsible for the management of the banks short-term and collateralized trading across multiple asset classes including securities lending, short-dated derivatives, repos / reverse repos, CP/CD and unsecured cash.
Bacher started his career in Frankfurt at Bankers Trust in 1989 as a bond trader. From 1993 until early 2000, he spent seven years at Goldman Sachs International in London where he was in charge of the European Repo desk.
== Education ==
Bacher studied Business Administration at the University of Mannheim, Germany.
== References ==
Category:Newedge Group
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Newedge
Ulf Carlsson

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Ulf Carlsson is general manager in North Asia and Japan for Nasdaq (previously Nasdaq OMX). He joined the company in 1996 as a general manager and has been based in Hong Kong since 2003. He's also chairman of Nasdaq OMX Japan Ltd. and director of the board of Nasdaq OMX Hong Kong and Nasdaq OMX Singapore.
 
== Background ==
== Education ==
Carlsson attended the University of Lund, Sweden from 1984 to 1990. He has a B.S. in computer science from the educational institution.
== Resources ==
*LinkedIn Profile
* Carlsson's 2008 Presentation On Changing Market Trends In The Exchange Industry
== References ==	
Category:Bios - Executives
Umar Swift

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Umar Swift is a Kuala Lumpur-based exchange executive who serves as the CEO of Bursa Malaysia.
He succeed Datuk Seri Tajuddin Atan as the CEO of the exchange.
== Background ==
Before joining Bursa Malaysia as CEO, Umar was the group CEO and group managing director of MAA Group Bhd.
He is a chartered accountant and has over 22 years of experience in the areas of banking and financial services. He started his career with Price Waterhouse as a Chartered Accountant in January 1986.
Later, he moved to Bank of Singapore (Australia) Limited. where he worked in corporate finance.
== Education ==
He holds a bachelor of economics degree from Monash University, Clayton, Australia. He is an Associate of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Australia, a member of CPA Australia, a Fellow of the Taxation Institute of Australia, as well as a Fellow of the Financial Services Institute of Australasia in Australia. He is also a Chartered Accountant with the Malaysian Institute of Accountants and a Registered Financial Planner.
== References ==	
Category:Exchange CEOs
UnaVista

UnaVista is the London Stock Exchange Group global hosted technology platform for matching, reconciliation and regulatory reporting. UnaVista offers a ranges of business solutions through one interface designed to help firms become more efficient and reduce operational and regulatory risk. UnaVista is a ESMA-approved trade repository for reporting requirements under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR).
== History ==
On July 15, 2008, the LSE announced the launch of the UnaVista Broker Matching Utility (BMU), a new service for the central matching of post-trade data across prime brokers, executing brokers and hedge funds.
In August 2011, LSEG entered into an agreement to acquire Transaction Reporting Service (TRS), the reporting mechanism of the FSA and migrated TRS clients onto the UnaVista platform.
In November 2013, UnaVista received approval from ESMA to operate a trade repository for EMIR reporting.
In December 2013, UnaVista partnered with NetOTC a derivatives trade monotoring and matching platform.
In July of 2014, UnaVista and Wipro Ltd entered into a strategic partnership to provide a hosted reconciliation service for the financial services industry.
In Nov of 2014, UnaVista won "Best Technology Solutions Provider - EMIR and Regulatory Reporting" at the Compliance Register Awards.
In December 2014, UnaVista was chosen "European Trade Repository of the Year" at the FOW International Awards show.
In November of 2015, UnaVista earned honors at the 12th annual Compliance Register Platinum Awards in three categories: Most Innovative Technology Solution Provider; Best Solution Provider - EMIR and Regulatory Reporting; and Best Customer Support Team.
In June of 2016, UnaVista was named "Best Regulatory Reporting Platform or Service" at the OpRisk Awards.
== Post Trade Products and Services ==
*Risk and Controls – Flexible reconciliation toolkit with advanced data analytics, trade confirmation and affirmation services 
*Regulation – Award winning regulatory reporting platform for over 4000 clients reporting in excess of 4 billion transaction per year; solutions include MiFID, EMIR, Shareholder Disclosures and global derivatives trade reporting 
*Data and Analytics – UnaVista is an authorized Pre-LOU to allocate LEIs, which also hosts SEDOL Masterfile, corporate actions, historical trading data and analytics 
== Key People ==
*Mark Husler, CEO 
== References ==
Underwriter

Underwriters of listed securities are financial-service companies that create markets in new issues and collect fees from issuers, while insurance underwriters determine coverage risk of applicants. The securities underwriting sector has undergone massive consolidation in 2008 following the global credit crisis and its aftermath.
== Further Under? ==
Securities underwriting has, until recently, been considered a profitable and lucrative part of the investment banking industry but has declined along with its main former protagonists like Bear Stearns, Lehman Brothers and Merrill Lynch. These underwriters profit by both charging the issuers an underwriting fee and by buying the securities from the issuers and then selling them on to investors, presumably at a profit. Insurance underwriting is a more prosaic profession that determines the risks an premiums of writing individual insurance policies. Technology has greatly increased insurance underwriters' productivity but has also reduced employment in the sector.
== Latest News ==
In Q3 2008 JPMorgan Chase & Co. took over from Citigroup as the world's biggest securities underwriter after the latter's 8-year run at the top of a declining market. JPMorgan, which acquired defunct Bear Stearns and its large underwriting book, underwrote $80.4 billion in new issues in Q3 and gained a 10% share of a market that shrank 43% year-on-year. Merrill Lynch, now part of Bank of America, ranked second behind JPMorgan in reported underwriting fees for the quarter.
== References ==
Category:Securities
Category:Brokerage Firms
Unetich Trading LLC

Unetich Trading LLC (UT LLC) was a Chicago-based proprietary trading firm that specialized in interest rate futures at the CME Group from 2004-2009.
 
== History ==
UT LLC was founded in 2004 by Michael Unetich, a high-volume futures trader who formerly worked for DRW. Unetich Trading traded multiple CME products, majority of which were Eurodollar futures. The firm was an early developer of automated market making in Eurodollar futures and was an original member in the CME Eurodollar pack and bundle market-making program. 
In 2009, Unetich Trading spun out their in-house software system as a futures ISV named TickIt Trading Systems. TickIt connected to the CME Group and was acquired by Trading Technologies on June 8, 2010.
== Key People ==
*President, Michael Unetich
== References ==
Category:Proprietary Trading Firms
Uniswap

Uniswap is a decentralized trading platform (or exchange ("DEX") for ERC-20 tokens. As a DEX, Uniswap does not have the central limit order book that is a common feature in cryptocurrency trading platforms and electronic futures and stock exchanges. It's the largest decentralized exchange by total value locked (TVL), with over $3.9 billion committed to the platform as of December 2023. 
Uniswap was created in 2018 by Hayden Adams, then 24. 
According to Ethereum development company ConsenSys, with 1,625 DEX superusers - users who trade on DEXs more than 100 times per month, Uniswap dominated the superuser space in the second quarter of 2020.
Uniswap dominated trading volume with a 41 percent marketshare among DEXs in July 2020, when DEX trading volume grew 170 percent.
On September 16, 2020, Uniswap launched the UNI governance token, minting 1 billion coins to be publicly released over the next four years. Uniswap announced it on its blog, saying that 60 percent of all coins would be distributed to users, while 21.51 percent would be reserved for team members and future employees, 17.8 percent would be reserved for investors, and 0.69 percent would be reserved for advisors. The blog post said UNI "officially enshrines Uniswap as publicly-owned and self-sustainable infrastructure while continuing to carefully protect its indestructible and autonomous qualities." It also said that Uniswap would launch an initial liquidity mining program September 18, 2020 at 12:00 AM UTC.
According to Dune Analytics, a DEX market analytics company, in January 2021 the total trading volume on DEXs reached an all-time high over $50 billion in digital assets traded. Uniswap accounted for 48.8 percent of total transactions. 
== Uniswap Version 3 ==
On May 5, 2021 Uniswap launched its Version 3. The details of the upgrade were first announced in March. 
According to Uniswap's blog posts, the upgrades improve the platform's scaling to meet the growth of its user base and lowers the number of fees from Ethereum (or "gas fees") effectively to zero, or as close as possible. Uniswap V3 also changes Uniswap's pricing model: V3 offers liquidity providers (LPs) 3 fee tiers: 0.05 percent, 0.30 percent, and 1.00 percent. These tiers were designed to make it easier for LPs to profit from more volatile digital assets as well as assets that are more thinly-traded than average. The upgrade also makes the digital tokens that LPs receive less fungible and ends the practice of re-investing funds acquired by fees into Uniswap's liquidity pools. Uniswap has reserved $2 billion to use as grants for developers.
=== Concentrated liquidity ===
Version 3 includes a new feature on the platform, "concentrated liquidity," which lets LPs set minimums and maximums on how much of their holdings are added or removed from any given liquidity pool, giving LPs more control over the price ranges in which their deposits are used. According to Uniswap's announcement, this makes the protocol more capital-efficient.
== References ==
Category: cryptocurrency
Category: decentralized exchanges
Category: fintech
Category: mining
Category: defi
Category: CryptoMarketsWiki
Unisystems S.A.

Unisystems is a company in the field of IT Solutions providing Systems Integration Solutions covering both Software and Hardware systems. Unisystems is known in the Greek market for the development and modification of applications, the compilation of databases, the provision of specialized IT services to a range of corporate clients. Unisystems S.A.’s main business is to provide Total Information Systems to large-scale clients, whether they be corporations or public organizations. Corporate sales for the entire country are directed from the Athens Headquarters and from the Thessalonica Offices.
== History ==
Unisystems was founded in 1964 by Constantine A. Doxiadis under the name Doxiadis Electronic Researchers Research and Computing Centre Limited
 
== Products and Services ==
Unisystems S.A. is a distribution partner of RTS Realtime Systems Group.
== Key People ==
*CEO: George K. Deligiannis
*Manager of Finance and Administration: Apostolos D. Lafogiannis
*Manager of S/W Development and Technical Support – Consulting Services: Dimitrios N. Kisemlis
*Manager of Customer Support Services: Pericles L. Nicolaidi
== References ==
Unit investment trusts

Unit investment trusts (UITs) are one of three types of investment company, with the other two being closed-end funds and mutual funds.
A UIT typically issues redeemable securities, which means that the UIT will buy back an investor's units at the investor's request, and at their approximate net asset value (NAV). The UIT normally will make a one-time public offering of only a fixed number of units. It will have a termination date, and does not actively trade its investment portfolio. Furthermore, a UIT doesn't have a board of directors, corporate officers, or investment adviser to give advice during the life of the trust.
Some exchange-traded funds (ETFs) are structured as UITs. Under Securities and Exchange Commission rules, shares of ETFs are only redeemable in very large blocks (sometimes around 50,000 shares) and are traded on a secondary market.
==References==
Category:Investments
United Nations Clean Development Mechanism

The United Nations Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one of several "flexibility mechanisms" authorized in the December 1997 Kyoto Protocol to the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.The CDM began its operation in December 2003. It allows developed countries to invest indirectly in emmissions of greenhouse gases in developing countries by buying tradable Certified Emission Reductions. Since its inception, the CDM has generated many carbon credits.
CDM projects generally operate on a profit basis. Projects must be based on an approved methodology, that is, a means of reducing emissions of greenhouse gases and a means of monitoring and confirming such reductions. There are currently more than 860 registered CDM projects in 49 developing countries, and about another 2000 projects in the project registration pipeline.
The Kyoto Protocol specified legally binding commitments by most industrialized countries to reduce their collective emissions of greenshouse gases by at least 5& compared to 1990 levels by the period 2008 to 2012. With the goal of reaching these targets at the lowest possible cost for countries that committed to reductions, the Protocol created two flexibility mechanisms, emissions trading of greenhouse gases and CDM. The CDM is also intended to be an opportunity for developing countries that did not accept binding emissions reductions at Kyoto to be involved in mitigation of greenhouse gases.
The CDM was created as a successor to Joint Implementation, a bilateral agreement between two entities to complete a greenhouse gases mitigation project. 
== CDM Passed One Hundred Millionth Certified Emission Reduction Milestone ==
On Dec. 18, 2007 the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change announced the one hundred millionth Certified Emission Reductions (CER) credit had been issued under the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism. The CDM is expected to generate more than 2.6 billion CERs by the time the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol ends in 2012, each equivalent to one tonne of carbon dioxide. 
== References ==
Category:Definitions
Category:Environmental Markets
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) promotes the integration of developing countries into the world economy. UNCTAD's aim is to help shape current policy debates and thinking on development, with a particular focus on ensuring that domestic policies and international action are mutually supportive in bringing about sustainable development. 
The organization functions as a forum for intergovernmental deliberations, supported by discussions with experts and exchanges of experience, aimed at consensus building; it undertakes research, policy analysis and data collection for the debates of government representatives and experts; and it provides technical assistance tailored to the specific requirements of developing countries. It pays special attention to the needs of the least developed countries and of economies in transition. When appropriate, UNCTAD cooperates with other organizations and donor countries in the delivery of technical assistance. 
The Secretary-General of UNCTAD is Dr. Supachai Panitchpakdi (Thailand), who took office on 1 September 2005.
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
UNCTAD's main activities include:
* Commodity diversification and development
* Analysis and capacity building in competition and consumer protection laws and policies in developing countries
* Assisting developing countries in trade negotiations and commercial diplomacy
* Trade Analysis and Information System 
* Assessing the impact of environmental requirements and relevant multilateral agreements
== Membership ==
== Key People ==
Dr. Supachai Panitchpakdi, Secretary-General
== References ==
Category:United Nations
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) set an overall framework for intergovernmental efforts to tackle the challenge posed by climate change. The Convention entered into force on March 21, 1994.
It recognizes that the climate system is a shared resource whose stability can be impacted by industrial and other emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. The Convention enjoys near universal membership, with 192 countries having ratified.
Under the Convention, governments gather and share information on greenhouse gas emissions, national policies and best practices; launch national strategies for addressing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to expected impacts, including the provision of financial and technological support to developing countries; and cooperate in preparing for adaptation to the impacts of climate change. 
Not long ago, a number of nations approved an addition to the treaty: the Kyoto Protocol, which has more powerful (and legally binding) measures. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted at the third Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC in Kyoto, Japan, on Dec. 11, 1997.
It became a legally binding treaty - called the Kyoto Treaty - on Feb. 16, 2005.
 
== References ==
Category:Industry Economic Organizations
Category:Environmental Markets
United States Commodity Funds, LLC

United States Commodity Funds LLC is a manager of exchange traded securities that are designed to track the movements in the prices of different commodity futures. The firm is registered with the CFTC as a commodity pool operator and has approximately $7.4 billion in assets under management as of December 31, 2009. 
== History ==
USCF was founded in 2995 by Nicholas Gerber.
In November 2010 - United States Commodity Funds, LLC filed with the SEC for a United States Agriculture Index Fund.
== Products and Services ==
=== Crypto ETF ===
In May 2019, Crescent Crypto Asset Management filed a prospectus for a crypto-based ETF with the SEC. This was done through Crescent Crypto Index Services LLC, a subsidiary of Crescent Crypto.
The fund would be sponsored by United States Commodity Funds, LLC. Because of this, the fund was dubbed the USCF Crescent Crypto Index Fund (XBET). According to the prospectus, if approved by the SEC, XBET will be tradeable by accredited investors who place trade order through their preferred brokers. This may incur fees such as brokerage commissions and similar trading fees. XBET will trade during the normal hours and at bid and ask prices "like other publicly traded securities."
== Key People ==
== References ==
Category:Commodities
Category:Funds
Universal Commodities Exchange

Universal Commodities Exchange (UCX) is an Indian-based commodities exchange, launched in April 2013 by Ketan Sheth. It is the sixth commodities exchange to be established in India and competes with larger domestic markets such as National Commodity & Derivatives Exchange and the Multi Commodity Exchange. 
The exchange offers trading in several commodities including: gold, silver, crude oil, chana, RSS4 rubber, mustard, soybeans, refined soy oil, guargum, guarseed and turmeric.
== Background ==
The exchange was created by Sheth, who established himself in the India financial markets with his own software firm called IT People. Sheth is also managing director of Commex Technology, which holds a 43 percent stake in the exchange, with a goal to reduce its stake over time to 26 percent.
UCX is also supported by IDBI Bank which holds a 15 percent stake, Nabard, 16 percent, Iffco, 15 percent and Rural Electrification Corporation, 16 percent.
== Products and Services ==
The exchange is focused on commodities including: metals, energy and agricultural futures.
== Key People ==
Ketan Sheth, chairman 
Praveen Pillai, CEO
Anjan Choudhury, CIO
== References ==
Exchange 
Commodities
Universal Commodity Exchange Ltd.

Universal Commodity Exchange Ltd. is a planned commodity derivatives exchange based in Mumbai. It's expected to launch operations by the end of 2012.
The exchange's founder, Ketan Sheth, was quoted in a media report in September of 2012 as saying that the exchange had obtained approval from the consumer affairs ministry, which oversees commodity futures trade.
== History ==
Universal Commodity Exchange Ltd. would be India’s sixth nationwide commodity futures trading platform. The other five commodity futures platforms in existence as of September of 2012 were: The Multi Commodity Exchange (MCX), National Commodity & Derivatives Exchange (NCDEX), National Multi Commodity Exchange (NMCE), Ace Derivatives and Commodity Exchange (ACE) and Indian Commodity Exchange (ICEX).
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
*Ketan Sheth, Founder
== References ==
Category:Exchanges
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
University of Chicago Booth School of Business

The University of Chicago Booth School of Business is the second-oldest business school in the U.S. and one of the world's most prestigious. It has so far produced six Nobel Prize winners from a global alumni of 42,000. 
The graduate school is accredited by AACSB International. The school was originally called University of Chicago Graduate School of Business (UCGSB), however, it was renamed after David Booth (GSB’71) and his family made the largest donation in the university’s history and the largest gift to any business school in the world. The combination of an up-front payment, the income stream, and the equity interest provided by the Booth gift was valued at $300 million.
The school was ranked 11th out of 100 business schools in 2009 by the Financial Times.
 
== Brief History ==
The UCGSB was founded in 1898 and as of 2004 had 174 faculty members teaching 1,100 full-time and 1,400 part-time students. UCGSB consistently ranks in the 10 schools for full-time, executive and part-time and executive MBA programs. In 1922 it became the first school to offer a doctoral program in business and in 1982 was the first to hire a Nobel laureate - George Stigler - to its faculty.
In 2007 the school received one of the largest cash gifts in its history when 1950 alumnus and former chief executive of ConAgra Foods Charles M. Harper purchased naming rights to a new $125 million UCGSB building in Chicago's Hyde Park neighborhood. The amount of Harper's gift was not disclosed.
== Programs Offered ==
* Full-time MBA
* Part-time MBA
* Executive MBA
* PhD in Business
As of late 2007, total direct costs (tuition and required fees) of the entire MBA program were
$ 97,165 for a resident, $ 97,165 for a nonresident. The program length was 21 months. 
Stats for full-time students in the entering class of 2008-2009 had the following stats: 
Female: 35 Percent 
International: 35 Percent 
Married: 22 Percent
Total graduate business school enrollment: 3291 
Full-time MBA: 1144 
Part-time MBA: 1589 
Executive MBA: 558 
PhD program: 115 
== Key People ==
*Dean Edward A. Snyder, previously Dean at the Darden Graduate School of Business Administration at the University of Virginia, was appointed in September 2001 to succeed Robert S. Hamada. Snyder received a PhD in economics from the University of Chicago in 1984.
== References ==
Category:Educational Programs
Category:University of Chicago