nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Electric car

A battery or an electric vehicle An electric car is a vehicle that is powered by one or more electric motors that use energy stored in batteries to drive the vehicle. Comparing electric vehicles to internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, electric vehicles are quieter, emit no exhaust emissions, and emit less greenhouse gases overall than ICE vehicles. As of 2020, the total cost of ownership of contemporary electric vehicles is less expensive than the total cost of ownership of comparable ICE vehicles in the United States and the European Union, owing to reduced fuel and maintenance expenses. Several types of charging stations are available for use by electric vehicles, and these charging stations may be placed in both private residences and public places.
According to the International Energy Agency, 4.6 percent of all new cars sold in 2020 will be plug-in electric, and by the end of that year, there will be more than 10 million plug-in electric vehicles on the road across the globe. Only approximately 1 percent of the automobiles on the world's roads were completely electric or plug-in hybrid vehicles by the end of 2020, despite significant development in this sector. Tax breaks, subsidies, and other nonmonetary incentives have been created in a number of nations to encourage the use of plug-in electric cars. As a result, many nations have passed legislation to phase out the sale of fossil-fuel vehicles in order to decrease air pollution and curb climate change.
In early 2020, the Tesla Model 3 surpassed the Toyota Prius as the world's best-selling electric vehicle, and in June 2021, it became the first electric vehicle to reach one million worldwide sales. Models such as the Japanese Mitsubishi i-MiEV and the Nissan Leaf were among the first to gain broad acceptance.
Category:Electric cars
Category:Automotive technologies
Category:Battery electric vehicles
Electric heating

Electric heating is a technique in which electrical energy is directly transformed into heat energy with an efficiency of close to one hundred percent, using comparatively low-cost components. Heating an area, cooking food, heating water, and heating industrial operations are examples of common usage. An electric heater is a piece of electrical equipment that works by transforming the heat produced by an electric current into another form. Every electric heater has something called an electrical resistor that serves as the heating element. This resistor operates according to the Joule heating principle, which states that any electric current that flows through a resistor will cause that current's electrical energy to be converted into heat energy. The active element in the vast majority of contemporary electric heating systems is nichrome wire. The nichrome wire used in the heating element, which is pictured on the right, is held in place by ceramic insulators.
Because it solely utilises electric power for transferring pre-existing thermal energy from the environment, mostly air, a heat pump may reach an efficiency of roughly 300% for heating, which is equivalent to a performance coefficient of 3.0. The heat pump makes use of an electric motor to drive a refrigeration cycle, which in turn pulls heat energy from a source such as the ground or outside air (or the inside of a refrigerator), and then distributes that heat into the room that needs to be warmed (in case of a fridge, the kitchen). The use of indirect electric heating enables far more efficient use of electric energy than the use of direct electric heating, but it needs much more costly equipment in addition to plumbing. Some heating systems may be turned around and used for air conditioning, cooling the interior area while discharging even hotter air or water outside or into the ground. This allows for more efficient use of the heating system.
Category:Electric heating
Electric vehicle

In automotive terms, an electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that is powered by one or more electric motors. It may be powered by a collector system that draws energy from extravehicular sources, or it can be powered by a battery that operates independently (sometimes charged by solar panels, or by converting fuel to electricity using fuel cells or a generator). Road and rail vehicles, surface and underwater watercraft, electric aeroplanes, and electric spacecraft are examples of electric vehicles, although they are not the only ones.
Electric vehicles (EVs) initially appeared on the scene in the mid-19th century, when electricity was one of the most popular types of motor vehicle propulsion, bringing a degree of comfort and simplicity of operation that could not be attained by the gasoline-powered automobiles of the time. Internal combustion engines dominated the propulsion of automobiles and trucks for almost 100 years, although electric power remained prevalent in other vehicle types, such as railways and smaller vehicles of all sorts.
In the twenty-first century, electric vehicles (EVs) have seen a renaissance as a result of technology advancements, a greater emphasis on renewable energy, and the possibility to reduce the effect of transportation on climate change and other environmental challenges. Electric cars, according to Project Drawdown, are one of the 100 greatest modern alternatives for combating climate change.
Initially established in the late 2000s, especially in the United States and the European Union, government incentives to encourage the use of electric cars have resulted in a rising market for the vehicles in recent years. Increased public interest and knowledge, as well as structural incentives, such as those incorporated into the green recovery from the COVID-19 epidemic, are predicted to significantly grow the market for electric vehicles in the next years. A report published in 2021 by the International Energy Agency recommends that nations increase their efforts to fulfil climate targets, especially by implementing rules for large electric cars. Electric vehicle sales are expected to grow from a 2 percent worldwide share in 2016 to a 30 percent global market by 2030. A large portion of this growth is expected in markets such as North America, Europe, and China; a 2020 literature review concluded that growth in the use of electric 4-wheeled vehicles would seem economically improbable in developing economies, but that growth in the use of electric 2-wheeled vehicles is likely. There are more 2 and 3 wheel electric vehicles on the road than any other kind.
Category:Electric vehicles
Category:Sustainable transport
Electrical engineering

Electrical engineering is a branch of engineering that studies the design and use of equipment, devices, and systems that utilise electricity, electronics, and electromagnetic. It first became recognised as a distinct profession in the later part of the nineteenth century, after the commercialization of the electric telegraph, the telephone, and the production, distribution, and use of electrical electricity.
Electronics, photovoltaic cells, and optics and photonics are just a few of the fields that fall under the umbrella term "electrical engineering." Computer engineering, systems engineering, power engineering, telecommunications, radio-frequency engineering, signal processing, instrumentation, photovoltaic cells, and electronics are all included. In fact, many of these disciplines overlap with other engineering branches, covering a wide range of specialisations such as hardware engineering, power electronics, electromagnetics and waves, microwave engineering, nanotechnology, electrochemistry, renewable energies, mechatronics/control, and electrical materials science, to name a few.
Electrical engineers are usually required to have a bachelor's degree in either electrical engineering or electronic engineering. Engineers in practise may have professional qualification and be members of a professional association or an international standards organisation, among other things. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) are among the organisations that work in this area (formerly the IEE).
Electrical engineers operate in a broad variety of sectors, and the abilities needed to do so are as diverse. From circuit theory to project management skills, there is a wide variety of knowledge and abilities. Tools and equipment that an individual engineer may need are also varied, and may range from a basic voltage tester to very complex design and production software, depending on the situation.
Category:Electrical engineering
Category:Electronic engineering
Category:Computer engineering
Electromate Inc

Electromate Inc. is a company based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is engaged in the distribution of industrial automation products and systems. In addition, the company has been involved in engineering, design, and system integration within the domain of robotics and mechatronics.
==History==
Electromate Industrial Sales Ltd. was founded in 1986 by Warren Osak. Initially, the company's core activities were related to automation, motion control, robotics, and mechatronics.
In 2001, Electromate adopted the "Kaizen" principle (denoting continuous improvement) in its operations. Following this approach, the company attained the ISO9001:2015 registration and LEAN Process accreditation. Subsequently, it received its Great Place to Work workplace certificationGreat Place to Work Certification.
The company was rebranded as 'Electromate Inc.' in May 2020. In 2021, it was the recipient of the Canadian Business Excellence Award by Excellence CanadaCanadian Business Excellence Award, 2021.
==Applications==
Electromate provides solutions for various industries, including industrial automation, medical, life science, aerospace, and automotive. One notable event in the company's history was the selection of its products for a ventilator project in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemicBattling COVID-19: Electromate's Role.
==Operations==
Electromate primarily operates within the North American market but also serves international clients.
Category:Electronics companies
Category:Companies based in Ontario
Category:Companies of Canada
Category:Companies established in 1986
Electronic funds transfer

Using computer-based systems, money may be transferred from one bank account to another, either inside a single financial institution or across a network of financial institutions, all without the need for direct involvement by bank personnel.
According to the Electronic Fund Transfer Act of 1978 of the United States, it is "a funds transfer initiated through an electronic terminal, telephone, computer (including on-line banking), or magnetic tape for the purpose of ordering, instructing, or authorising a financial institution to debit or credit a consumer's account."
In various nations and payment systems, electronic funds transfer (EFT) transactions are referred to by a variety of distinct terms. The term "electronic checks" or "e-checks" may be used in the United States to refer to them, for example. "Bank transfer" and "bank payment" are often used in the United Kingdom, while in many other European nations, the word "giro transfer" is commonly used.
Category:Electronic funds transfer
Electronic music

Electronic music is music that is created through the use of electronic musical instruments, digital instruments, or circuitry-based music technology. The term encompasses both electronic and electromechanical music produced via various methods (electroacoustic music). In the early days of electronic music, pure electronic instruments were fully reliant on circuitry-based sound creation, for example, employing equipment such as an electronic oscillator, a theremin, or a synthesiser to generate sound. Stringed and hammered instruments, as well as electromechanical instruments, may include mechanical components such as strings and hammers as well as electric components such as magnetic pickups, power amplifiers, and loudspeakers. Telharmoniums, Hammond organs, electric pianos, and electric guitars are examples of electromechanical instruments.
Towards the end of the nineteenth century, the first electronic musical gadgets were created. A number of electrical instruments were developed and used for the first time in compositions throughout the decades of the 1920s and 1930s. Musicians were able to record sounds and then change them by changing the speed or direction of a magnetic audio tape by the 1940s, which resulted in the creation of electroacoustic tape music in Egypt and France during this period. Natural and industrial noises were combined to produce musique concrète, which first appeared in Paris in 1948 and was based on editing together recorded pieces of sound. German composers were the first to create music purely using electronic generators in 1953. From the 1950s through the 1970s, electronic music was produced in Japan and the United States, and Algorithmic composition using computers was presented for the first time in the same decade.
Category:Electronic music
Category:New media
Electronics

The discipline of electronics is a part of physics and electrical engineering that deals with the emission, behaviour, and consequences of electrons when they are used in conjunction with electrical equipment. Unlike classical electrical engineering, which only uses passive effects such as resistance, capacitance, and inductance to control electric current flow, electronics makes use of active devices to control electron flow through amplification and rectification. This distinguishes it from other branches of science such as physics.
The growth of contemporary society has been significantly impacted by electronic technology. Electronics was born in 1897 when the electron was discovered. This discovery, together with the creation of the vacuum tube, which was capable of amplifying and rectifying minuscule electrical impulses, heralded the beginning of the electronic era. When Ambrose Fleming and Lee De Forest discovered the diode and the triode respectively in the early 1900s, they revolutionised electrical signal detection by providing a non-mechanical device that could detect tiny electrical voltages such as radio signals from an antenna. Electronuclear technology advanced at a breakneck pace. And by the early 1920s, commercial radio broadcasting and communications were becoming more prevalent, and electronic amplifiers were being employed in a variety of applications as disparate as long distance telephone and the music recording business, among other things.
This was followed by many decades of development until the advent of solid-state electronics was achieved in 1947 with the invention of the first functional semiconductor transistor by William Shockley, Walter Houser Brattain, and John Bardeen. The vacuum tube was no longer the exclusive technique of regulating electron flow; other methods of control were available. Later, in 1959, the MOSFET (MOS transistor) was developed, and it was the first small transistor that could be miniaturised and mass-produced in large quantities. As a result, microelectronics and the Digital Revolution were able to take root and flourish. Electronic devices, such as integrated circuits with thousands or even millions of transistors on a single chip, are now widely utilised in computers, telecommunications, and signal processing.
Category:Electronics
Electronics industry

The segment of the economy that is responsible for the production of electronic gadgets is known as the electronics industry. It began in the 20th century and has grown to become one of the most important industries in the world. A wide variety of electronic devices are installed into fully automated or partially automated factories that are run by industry. These gadgets are used by modern civilization. MOS transistors and integrated circuits, the latter of which are created largely using photolithography and often mounted on printed circuit boards, are the primary components from which products are constructed and assembled.
A number of issues relating to electronic waste have arisen as a consequence of the growth of the sector, the use of dangerous chemicals, and the difficulty of recycling. In order to solve the problems, international regulations and environmental laws have been drafted.
The semiconductor industry sector is the primary engine that drives the whole electronics industry. As of 2018, the semiconductor industry sector has annual revenues of more than $481 billion. E-commerce produced more than $29 trillion in revenue in 2017, making it the most profitable industrial sector.
Category:Electronics industry
Category:20th-century introductions
Category:Industries (economics)
Element Isle

Element Isle is a jewellery design company based in the Isle of Man, known for its bespoke creations that have been gifted by the Isle of Man Government on behalf of the nation to the British Royal Family on two significant occasions. The company, founded by Claire and Scott Pearse, specialises in pieces inspired by the Isle of Man's natural beauty and cultural heritage.
==Notable Works==
Element Isle's work includes the Infinity Brooch, gifted to Queen Elizabeth II for her Platinum Jubilee, and two silver falcons for King Charles III's coronation. These pieces reflect traditional Manx symbols and craftsmanship.
===Infinity Brooch===
The Jewels of Elizabeth II#Infinity Isle of Man Brooch|Isle of Man Infinity Brooch, designed for
the Platinum Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II's, symbolises the Isle of Man's connection to the crown, where the reigning British monarch is recognised as the Lord of Mann. The brooch, an abstract representation of the shape of the Isle of Man was made in white gold, featuring four stones representing the main towns on the island.
A run of twenty replicas brooches, made from sterling silver, featuring the limited edition Platinum Jubilee hallmark raised thousands of pounds for local Isle of Man charities
===Silver Falcons for King Charles III===
For King Charles III's coronation, Element Isle created two silver falcons adorning an Elm Bowl in collaboration with local woodturner Graham Hall, continuing the Isle of Man's tradition of gifting falcons to the Lord of Mann on the event of their coronation. The project used recycled silver and wood from a fallen elm tree, a nod to the "King's passion for sustainability".
Category:Jewellery designers
Category:Companies of the Isle of Man
Elen Smile

Olena Valeriivna Polishchuk, known professionally as Elen Smile, is a Ukrainian singer, songwriter. She is the winner of the Kyiv talent competition "Music Visual Awards" (Grand Prix), a participant in "Ukraine's Got Talent" (10th season), and has taken part in various television projects. 
==Biography==
Smile was born in Vinnytsia, Ukraine. Early in her career, she performed in local karaoke bars.
==Career==
===2021–2024===
In 2021, Smile wrote and performed a song titled "Ukraine-Kokain," which earned her victory at the Kyiv talent competition Music Visual Awards. The song won the Grand Prix, marking a significant milestone in her career.
That same year, Smile participated in the 10th season of the TV show Ukraine's Got Talent on the STB channel. Her performance of the song "Ukraine-Kokain" sparked controversy with judge Serhiy Prytula.
In addition to her music career, Elen Smile participated in various television and YouTube projects, such as "Useful Program" (Inter, 2021) and others. On the show "Goddess of Shopping" (TET, 2021), she outperformed her competitors and brought the title to Vinnytsia.
She has also appeared in various music videos, including Oleh Kenzov's **"Ой, как хорошо"** (2021) and others.
In 2023, she released a patriotic music video for the song "Вірю у майбутнє" ("I Believe in the Future"). She continues to actively pursue her creative work to this day, having emigrated to the USA.
==Discography==
===Singles===
* 2024 - Dubai
* 2024 - Runaway
* 2023 — Віра у майбутнє (Anton FreeON Remix)
* 2023 — Віра у майбутнє (Yaroslav Tretiak Remix)
* 2021 — Віра у майбутнє
* 2021 — Сестра
===Music Videos===
* 2024 - Dubai
* 2024 - Runaway
* 2023 — Віра у майбутнє (Anton FreeON Remix)
* 2023 — Віра у майбутнє (Yaroslav Tretiak Remix)
* 2021 — Віра у майбутнє
* 2021 - Сестра
* 2021 — Україна-кокаїна
Category:1988 births
Category:People from Vinnytsia
Category:Ukrainian singers
Category:Songwriters
Category:Ukrainian people
Elena Caceres

Elena Caceres is a Associate Professor in the Theory Group at the University of Texas at Austin. She is known for her research in gauge/gravity duality, supergravity solutions and holography. Currently, she is interested in the relationship between quantum information theory, gravity, and spacetime.
==Education and Career==
Originally from Peru, Caceres earned a B.S. in Physics from the Universidad Católica del Perú in 1989. She then went on to earn her Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Texas at Austin in 1996. Caceres completed a postdoctoral fellowship in physics at University of California at Los Angeles (1996-1999) and a subsequent fellowship in high energy at the International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) in Trieste, Italy. In 2002, she was a visiting scientist at Brown University with their physics department. For the next two years, Caceres completed research at CINVESTAV in Mexico City, Mexico. From 2005 to 2011, she was a Facultad de Ciencias at Universidad de Colima, Mexico. In 2011, she was hired as an Adjunct Professor at the University of Texas at Austin and was promoted to Associate Professor.
Within the University of Texas at Austin, her research group is part of the Theory Group within the Weinberg Institute. She is an active member of Siembra-HoLAGrav, a Latin American network of holography and gravity. She is active in outreach at the University of Texas at Austin, as the faculty sponsor for Gender Minority in Physics. 
==Personal life==
She is originally from Peru. She thinks entanglement is a beautiful word. Every month she used to dye her hair a different color.
Category:University of Texas alumni
Category:University of California, Los Angeles alumni
Category:Professors