Ubuntu

Ubuntu is a distribution of Linux created in 2004 by Canonical Ltd. Unlike many other Linux distributions, Ubuntu is designed for use as a desktop OS and currently owns the third largest market share on operating systems.
Early versions of Ubuntu were derived closely from Debian, from the design of their server infrastructure to the tools used by the operating system. Over time however, Canonical invested in additional tools to differentiate its offering from Debian, such as Snappy, Unity, and AppArmor.
==Versioning==
Ubuntu uses a date-based version scheme, where the major version is the year of release and the minor version is the month padded by a zero if necessary, e.g. Ubuntu 10.04 is the April 2010 release. Each version also has a codename consisting of an adjective and animal name both starting with the same letter, which since Ubuntu 5.10 follows alphabetical order.
Two Ubuntu versions are released each year, one in each half of the year (usually in April and October). The first release in even years is a Long Term Support release ("LTS") supported for five years, but Canonical offers the Ubuntu Pro service to provide additional coverage for ten years. Ubuntu Pro is a commercial service available for personal use on up to five machines for free, but requires registration to use. Other releases are referred to as Interim releases, and are only supported for nine months, after which it is recommended to upgrade to a newer version.
==Flavors==
The standard Ubuntu desktop uses GNOME; however, there are alternative variants called flavors, which are based predominantly around alternative desktop environments and use cases. Unlike other derivatives, flavors are officially recognized by Canonical and typically only use Ubuntu stock repositories.UbuntuFlavors, Ubuntu Wiki. 
Name 	First	Last 	Notes
Kubuntu 	5.04 	 	Uses KDE Plasma and KDE Frameworks
Edubuntu 	5.10 	 	For use in education. Originally discontinued after 14.04, then revived for 23.04.
Xubuntu 	6.06 	 	Uses the Xfce desktop environment
Ubuntu Studio 	7.10 	 	For use in multimedia production
Gobuntu 	7.10 	8.04 	Strictly uses free software only; made obsolete by a setup option with the same effect in regular Ubuntu
Mythbuntu 	7.10 	16.04	Ubuntu with the MythTV media center
Kubuntu Netbook Remix	9.10 	10.10	Kubuntu optimized for netbooks
Kubuntu Mobile 	11.04	11.10	Kubuntu with the KDE mobile environment
Lubuntu 	11.10	 	Uses the LXQt desktop (LXDE until 18.10)
Ubuntu Kylin 	13.04	 	Designed for the Chinese market
Ubuntu GNOME 	13.04	17.04	Used the GNOME desktop; discontinued when Ubuntu discontinued Unity
Ubuntu MATE 	15.04	 	Uses the MATE desktop, which itself is based on GNOME 2
Ubuntu Budgie 	17.04	 	Uses the Budgie desktop
Ubuntu Unity 	22.10	 	Uses the Unity desktop
Ubuntu Cinnamon 	23.04	 	Uses the Cinnamon desktop
==Timeline==
Name	Codename 	Release date 	Support end date	ESM end date 	Initial kernel version
 	Warty Warthog 	20 October 2004	30 April 2006 	 	2.6.8
 	Hoary Hedgehog 	8 April 2005 	31 October 2006 	 	2.6.10
 	Breezy Badger 	13 October 2005	13 April 2007 	 	2.6.12
 	Dapper Drake 	1 June 2006 	1 June 2011 	 	2.6.15
 	Edgy Eft 	26 October 2006	25 April 2008 	 	2.6.17
 	Feisty Fawn 	19 April 2007 	19 October 2008 	 	2.6.20
 	Gutsy Gibbon 	18 October 2007	18 April 2009 	 	2.6.22
 	Hardy Heron 	24 April 2008 	9 May 2013 	 	2.6.24
 	Intrepid Ibex 	30 October 2008	30 April 2010 	 	2.6.27
 	Jaunty Jackalope 	23 April 2009 	23 October 2010 	 	2.6.28
 	Karmic Koala 	29 October 2009	30 April 2011 	 	2.6.31
 	Lucid Lynx 	29 April 2010 	30 April 2015 	 	2.6.32
 	Maverick Meerkat 	10 October 2010	10 April 2012 	 	2.6.35
 	Natty Narwhal 	28 April 2011 	28 October 2012 	 	2.6.38
 	Oneiric Ocelot 	13 October 2011	9 May 2013 	 	3.0
 	Precise Pangolin 	26 April 2012 	28 April 2017 	26 April 2019	3.2
 	Quantal Quetzal 	18 October 2012	16 May 2014 	 	3.5
 	Raring Ringtail 	25 April 2013 	27 January 2014 	 	3.8
 	Saucy Salamander 	17 October 2013	17 July 2014 	 	3.11
 	Trusty Tahr 	17 April 2014 	30 April 2019 	25 April 2024	3.13
 	Utopic Unicorn 	23 October 2014	23 July 2015 	 	3.16
 	Vivid Vervet 	23 April 2015 	4 February 2016 	 	3.19
 	Wily Werewolf 	22 October 2015	28 July 2016 	 	4.2
 	Xenial Xerus 	21 April 2016 	30 April 2021 	23 April 2026	4.4
 	Yakkety Yak 	20 October 2016	20 July 2017 	 	4.8
 	Zesty Zapus 	13 April 2017 	13 January 2018 	 	4.10
 	Artful Aardvark 	19 October 2017	19 July 2018 	 	4.13
 	Bionic Beaver 	26 April 2018 	26 April 2023 	26 April 2028	4.15
 	Cosmic Cuttlefish	18 October 2018	18 July 2019 	 	4.18
 	Disco Dingo 	18 April 2019 	23 January 2020 	 	5.0
 	Eoan Ermine 	17 October 2019	17 July 2020 	 	5.3
 	Focal Fossa 	23 April 2020 	23 April 2025 	23 April 2030	5.4
 	Groovy Gorilla 	22 October 2020	22 July 2021 	 	5.8
 	Hirsute Hippo 	22 April 2021 	20 January 2022 	 	5.11
 	Impish Indri 	14 October 2021	14 July 2022 	 	5.13
 	Jammy Jellyfish 	21 April 2022 	21 April 2027 	21 April 2032	5.15 or 5.17
 	Kinetic Kudu 	20 October 2022	20 July 2023 	 	5.19
 	Lunar Lobster 	20 April 2023 	25 January 2024 	 	6.2
 	Mantic Minotaur 	12 October 2023	11 July 2024 	 	6.5
 	Noble Numbat 	25 April 2024 	31 May 2029 	25 April 2034	6.8
 	Oracular Oriole 	10 October 2024	17 July 2025 	 	6.11
 	Plucky Puffin 	17 April 2025 	13 April 2027 	 	6.13
 	 	 	 	 	
==References==
==Notes==
Category:Linux
Category:Operating systems