nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
UltraBoard

==Description==
[United Industries] A line of laminated boards with a foam core used for digital image, photography and graphic arts.
Products: This could be a table with more info if desired.
* UltraBoard Aluminum: Polystyrene foam core with anodized aluminum face and polystyrene backer (Info sheet)
* UltraBoard Classic: Polystyrene foam core between polystyrene sheets (Info sheet). Available with unspecified adhesive on one side.
* UltraBoard Core: Polystyrene foam core with white clay coated paper surfaces (Info sheet). Available with unspecified adhesive on one side.
* UltraBoard Edge Band: Apparently any type board prepared with acrylic adhesive pre-coated on edges (Sales sheet)
* UltraBoard Lite: Polystyrene foam core between lightweight polystyrene sheets (Info sheet). Available with unspecified adhesive on one side.
* UltraBoard Mount: Polystyrene foam edged with polymer coated Kraft paper (Info sheet)
* UltraBoard Plus: Rigid foam with PVC facing boards (https://ultraboard.com/product/ultraboard-plus-foam-core-sheet/ Info sheet])
* UltraBoard Ultra White DP: Polystyrene foam coated with ultralight coated Kraft paper (Info sheet)
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
==Applications==
==Risks==
* UltraBoard Classic: SDS
* UltraBoard Lite: SDS
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
==Working Properties==
==Forms and Sizes==
== Resources and Citations ==
Category:Materials databaseCategory:MWGCategory: Board/Panel, PlasticCategory: Foams
Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene

== Description ==
A class of polyethylene resins which have molecular weights ranging from 1.5 to 3.0 million. Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, or UHMWPE, resins have high impact strength and abrasion resistance.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
UHMWPE; polietileno de alto peso molecular (Esp.);
==Resources and Citations==
* Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988
* Pam Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype Press, London, 2002
Category:Materials database
Ultramarine ash

== Description ==
The end-product of the refining process used to produce natural ultramarine blue pigment from lapis lazuli. Ultramarine ash contains small blue particles mixed with a large proportion of colorless materials, such as calcite and silicates. Ultramarine ash is a transparent blue-gray pigment that has been used for glazing.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
mineral blue; Sander's blue; Saunder's blue; bleu cendres; vein stone
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|PIG464.jpg~XRD|f464sem.jpg~SEM|f464edsbw.jpg~EDS|Slide7_F464.PNG~XRF]]]
== Risks ==
* No significant hazards.
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Discolors when exposed to weak acids or sulfur fumes.
==Resources and Citations==
* J. Plesters, "Ultramarine Blue, Natural and Artificial", Artists Pigments, Volume 2, A. Roy (ed.), Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1993.
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
Category:Materials database
Ultramarine red

== Description ==
A rosy violet pigment that is a color variation produced in the manufacture of synthetic ultramarine blue. Ultramarine violets and reds were developed in Germany about 1875. The pigments are produced by treating ultramarine blue with sal ammoniac or dry hydrochloric acid gas at high temperatures. The sodium reacts to form sodium chloride, which is then washed away. Ultramarine red is a stable pigment but it has poor tinting strength and is rarely used in artists' paints (Plesters, 1993).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Ultramarine red, 45.TIF~FTIR (MFA)|Ultramarine red (Forbes MFA 45) collodion slide, 532 nm copy.tif~Raman (MFA)]]]
ultramarine pink; ultramarine violet; Pigment Violet 15
== Risks ==
* No significant hazards. 
* Noncombustible.
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Discolors when exposed to weak acids or sulfur fumes. 
* Insoluble in water.
* Fine, transparent pink grains. 
* Isotropic.
* ASTM lightfastness=1 (excellent)
* Refractive Index = 1.56
==Resources and Citations==
* J. Plesters, "Ultramarine Blue, Natural and Artificial", Artists Pigments, Volume 2, A. Roy (ed.), Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1993.
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Reed Kay, The Painter's Guide To Studio Methods and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1983
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* The Dictionary of Art, Grove's Dictionaries Inc., New York, 1996 Comment: "Pigments"
Category:Materials database
Ultramarine violet

== Description ==
A rosy violet pigment that is a color variation produced in the manufacture of synthetic ultramarine blue. Ultramarine violets and reds were developed in Germany about 1875. The pigments are produced by treating ultramarine blue with sal ammoniac or dry hydrochloric acid gas at high temperatures. The sodium reacts to form sodium chloride, which is then washed away. Ultramarine violet is a stable pigment but it has poor tinting strength and is rarely used in artists' paints (Plesters, 1993).
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|MFA- Ultramarine pink.jpg~FTIR]]]
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Pigment Violet 15; mineral violet; violet outremer (Fr.); Ultramarinviolett (Deut.); violetto oltremare (It.); ultramarijn violet (Ned.); violeta de ultramarino (Port.); ultramarine red; ultramarine pink;
== Risks ==
* No significant hazards. 
* Noncombustible.
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Discolors when exposed to weak acids or sulfur fumes. 
* Insoluble in water. 
* Fine, transparent violet grains mixed with deep blue grains. 
* Isotropic.
* ASTM lightfastness=1 (excellent).
* Refractive Index = 1.56
==Resources and Citations==
* J. Plesters, "Ultramarine Blue, Natural and Artificial", Artists Pigments, Volume 2, A. Roy (ed.), Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1993.
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Reed Kay, The Painter's Guide To Studio Methods and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1983
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
* The Dictionary of Art, Grove's Dictionaries Inc., New York, 1996 Comment: "Pigments"
Category:Materials database
Ultrasonic alarm

== Description ==
A sensor device use to detect movement in a room. Ultrasonic alarms fill a room with a constant stream of low level ultrasonic vibrations. Any disruption in the vibration wave is picked up by the sensor, which in turn can send an alarm signal. Ultrasonic alarms typically generate a signal with an intensity of 10-11 W/cm2. This is about 1 order of magnitude lower than sounds that can be heard by the human ear and 11 orders of magnitude lower than the intensity of vibrations used for cleaning.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
alarme ultrasonore (Fr.);
Category:Materials database
Ultrasonic bonding

== Description ==
A bonding method using acoustic vibrations to create friction-induced heat. Low energy ultrasonic bonding generates enough heat to seal the end of polyester encapsulation envelopes. High intensity ultrasonic vibrations are used to weld metals by breaking up surface oxide films.
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971
* ASTM, Standard Terminology of Microscopy, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Section 14, General Methods and Instrumentation, ASTM, E175, 75-78, May 1982
* ASTM, Standard Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Section 14, General Methods and Instrumentation, ASTM, G113, 1371-1373, Sep-94
* Polymer Handbook, Sealants and Adhesives
* Theodore J. Reinhart, Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.1: Composites, ASM International, 1987
Category:Materials database
Ultrasonic cleaning

== Description ==
A cleaning method using ultrasonic vibrations to remove particles and grease. Ultrasonic cleaning is used on metal parts, fabrics and filters. Often the part to be clean is placed in an ultrasonic bath with solvents or soap solution. Cleaning devices typically use ultrasonic radiation with an intensity of 1-5 W/cm2.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
ultrasoneration
Category:Materials database
Ultrasonic testing

== Description ==
Ultrasonic testing (UT) is together with radiography one of the more used nondestructive testing method. This technique was first described in 1940 by the American physicist Floyd Firestone & patented in 1942 as a "Flaw detecting device and measuring instrument". Ultrasound frequencies ranging from 0.1-15 MHz and occasionally up to 50 MHz are transmitted into materials to detect generally by reflection (& in some case, by transmission) internal flaws or to characterize physical properties of materials. A common example is ultrasonic thickness measurement. Ultrasonic testing is often performed on steel and other metals and alloys, though it can also be used on concrete, stone, wood, albeit with less resolution. In the cultural heritage area, this technique, often as a complement to radiography permits to examine statues, archaeological artefacts, historical building structures, industrial heritage artefacts to detect defects like cracks, unbondings, delaminations, voids, porosities, slags, inclusions, as well as to estimate extent of inner corrosion, or to localize interfaces of two components.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
contrôle par ultrasons (Fr.); Ultraschallprüfung (Deut.)
==Resources and Citations==
* A.S. Buirks, R.E.Green & P. McIntire, Nondestructive Testing Handbook, 3rd edition: Vol 7, Ultrasonic Testing, ISBN: 978-1-57117-105-4, ASNT, Columbus OH (2007)
* Wikipedia at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasonic_testing
Category:Materials database
Ultrasound

== Description ==
Acoustic frequencies that occur outside the range of the human ear, i.e. above 20,000 Hz. Ultrasonic vibrations are made with small transducers that change electrical energy into resonating mechanical motion. A wide range of frequencies are used depending on the application. High intensity waves are used for cleaning, emulsification, friction welding, and sonar detection. Low-amplitude waves are used for security systems (burglar alarms, etc.) and material testing. Ultrasonic vibrations are used to nondestructively characterize physical properties of materials, such as porosity, water retention, and density and also to detect defects like cracks, unbondings, delaminations, voids, porosities, interfaces of two components in objects (generally metallic ones).
See Ultrasonic testing
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
ultrason (Fr.); Ultraschall (Deut.); ultrasonic; supersound; ultrasonography
==Resources and Citations==
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
* Website: www.hants.org.uk/museums/ofr/cmeth_t.html
Category:Materials database
Ultrasuede

== Description ==
[Toray Ultrasuede] A registered trademark for a synthetic imitation suede fabric. Ultrasuede® was developed in 1970 when Miyoshi Okamoto invented microfiber technology and Toyohiko Hikota created a process to make the non-woven fabric. Ultrasuede® is a composite material containing large and small polyester fibers in a non-fibrous polyurethane matrix. It is strong, durable and launders well using machine washing and low temperature drying.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
UltraSuede
==Resources and Citations==
* Toray Ultrasuede: Website
* Rosalie Rosso King, Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985
* Marjory L. Joseph, Introductory Textile Science, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Fort Worth, TX, 1986
Category:Materials databaseCategory:MWG[[Category:Cushioning]
Ultraviolet-cured adhesive

== Description ==
An adhesive that rapidly cures in situ using ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet-cured adhesives were first used in the early 1960s but became more prevalent in the 1980s as technology and equipment improved. These low-viscosity adhesives are composed of a monomer, a low-molecular-weight prepolymer and a photoinitiator. When exposed to UV radiation, the photoinitiators form free radicals that induce polymerization. Cure can be done at low temperatures and in visible but poorly accessible areas. Examples of UV-cured adhesives are some types of silicones, urethanes, and methacrylates. They are often used in the electronic, automotive, and medical fields.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
ultraviolet cured adhesives; UV cured adhesive; adhesivo que fragua con una radiación UV (Esp.)
==Resources and Citations==
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "adhesive" [Accessed February 12, 2002
* Irving Skeist, Handbook of Adhesives, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, 1977
Category:Materials database
Ultraviolet absorber

== Description ==
Any substance that absorbs ultraviolet energy. Ultraviolet (UV) absorbers are added to organic materials such as plastics, rubbers, and coatings, to decrease light induced degradation. Examples of UV absorbers are benzophenone, benzotriazoles, substituted acrylonitriles and phenol-nickel complexes (Lewis 1993). UV absorbers usually convert UV energy into heat.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
UV absorber; ultraviolet stabilizer
==Resources and Citations==
* R.de la Rie, "Polymer Stabilizers. A Survey with Reference to Possible Applications in the Conservation Field" Studies in Conservation, 33:9-22,1988.
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 66
* Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Ultraviolet induced fluorescence photography

== Description ==
A photographic technique based on visible fluorescence of an object induced by ultraviolet radiation. A glass filter used on the lens must absorb all ultraviolet radiation and permit only the visible radiation to pass. Ultraviolet induced visible fluorescence photography must take place in a darkened room, preferably with a black background. One must take care that many recent light-colored fabrics also fluoresce under UV. Any camera or lens may be used because only visible wavelengths are being recorded.
Ultraviolet induced fluorescence photography permits to make visible recent varnishes or restoration paint layers producing different photographic signatures from the original ones.
Classical uses concern examination of easel paintings, wooden or stone polychrome statues.
== Synonyms and related terms ==
photographie par fluorescence sous UV (Fr.)
==Resources and Citations==
* Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet_photography
* http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/glossary/ultraviolet-fluorescence/*/chooseLetter/U
Category:Materials database
Uma

== Description ==
A small, but strong, horse (Miyako uma) native to Miyako Island in Japan. Umas were used for for riding and carrying for centuries but the breed is now endangered and protected. Umas have soft hair that has been used since at least the Edo period for clothing, shoes, belts, and sanitary bands. The dense undebelly fur has a soft undercoat covered by long guard hairs.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Japanese horse (Miyako uma); Japanese pony
==Resources and Citations==
* Olympus Microscopy Resource Center at http://www.olympusmicro.com/galleries/polarizedlight/pages/japaneseponybellyhairsmall.html
* Website: www.mum.org/panhomja.htm
Category:Materials database
Umbelliferone

== Description ==
A fluorescent dye that occurs naturally in several plants such as carrot, coriander, and belladonna. Umbelliferone is used commercially in sunscreens and fluorescent dyes. It is also used as a fluorescence indicator for metal ions such as copper and calcium.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
7-hydroxycoumarin
==Risks==
* ThermoFisher: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Yellowish-white crystals. 
* Soluble in hot water, ethanol
* Absorbs strongly at 300, 305, 325 nm with blue fluorescence.
* Used as a pH indicator for 6.5-8.9 (pKa=7.7)
Composition 	C9H6O3
CAS 	93-35-6
Melting Point 	230 C
Molecular Weight	162.14
==Resources and Citations==
* Wikipedia,: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbelliferone (Accessed Mar. 1, 2006)
Category:Materials database
Umber

== Description ==
A natural, brown earth pigment containing iron hydroxide and manganese dioxide. The name umber was originally used for the deposits found near the Italian city of Umbria. High quality deposits were also found in Cyprus and were sold as Cyprus umber and Turkey umber. Unprocessed, or raw umber, is a pale yellowish brown. Burnt umber is made by roasting the raw earth to convert the iron hydroxides to iron oxides which produces a dark brown pigment with a reddish tone. Both pigments have good hiding power but burnt umber is more transparent than raw umber. Umber is a permanent pigment that is used with both oil and watercolor paints. It is also used in lithographic inks and wallpaper.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
raw umber; burnt umber; Cyprus umber; Turkey umber; Turkey brown; umbra; Umbra (Deut.); terre d'ombre (Fr.); sombra (Esp., Port.); chestnut brown; jacaranda brown, euchrome; Sicilian brown; Vandyke umber; Caledonian brown; Cappagh brown
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Density	3.2-3.6 g/ml
== Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* R.D. Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982
* Pigments Through the Ages - http://webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/overview/umbra.html
* Paint in America, Robert Moss (ed.), John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1994 Comment: M.Mosca, "Paint Decoration at Mount Vernon"
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 558
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Ume (Japanese plum) - bottom (37 B)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_04-09-2009_037.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 37
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 1st shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| bottom (37 B)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| dark brown
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 梅 : Ume
|-	
! scope="row"|Dye (English common name)
| Japanese plum
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (botanical name)
| Armeniaca mume (Siebold et Zucc.) de Vriese (Prunus mume Siebold et Zucc.)
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| heartwood /unspecified
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| lime water; iron
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| lime water
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyeing process
| Lime water was mixed into the dye bath.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| "". The color would not be different whether the iron mordant was mixed in the dye bath or prepared as a separate bath. By increasing the amount of lime water added, the resultant color became more purple black tone. The resultant colors were same when dyed with its bark.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ume (Japanese plum) - left (36 L)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_04-09-2009_036.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 36
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 1st shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| left (36 L)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| light yellowish brown
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 白花の梅 : Ume
|-	
! scope="row"|Dye (English common name)
| Japanese plum (white flower)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (botanical name)
| Armeniaca mume (Siebold et Zucc.) de Vriese (Prunus mume Siebold et Zucc.)
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| heartwood /unspecified
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| lime water (supernate)
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| lime water
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyeing process
| The mordant was directly added into the dye bath.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| The resultant color would be same when dyed with its bark, and those plum tree with red flower. Preparing the dye bath and mordant bath separately would still have the same result. Mordanting with lime water would shift the color towards yellow brown. In absence of the mordant, the dye compound(s) would not fix to fiber well, and only generate pale red.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ume (Japanese plum) - left (38 L)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_04-09-2009_038.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 38
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 1st shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| left (38 L)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| dark brown
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 梅 : Ume
|-	
! scope="row"|Dye (English common name)
| Japanese plum
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (botanical name)
| Armeniaca mume (Siebold et Zucc.) de Vriese (Prunus mume Siebold et Zucc.)
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| unspecified
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| lime; iron
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| lime
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| By using a larger quantity of lime, the color shifted toward more yellow tone. Resultant color would become black tone with iron mordant. The results would be similar when dyed with its bark. "".
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive