nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Gretchen Lowe

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Gretchen Lowe is principal deputy director and chief counsel in the enforcement division of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, appointed to that position on June 23, 2014. She was previously acting director, until the appointment of Aitan Goelman as director. She was named acting director following the departure of David Meister in late 2013. Before that she was the enforcement division's chief counsel. 
== Background ==
During most of her tenure at the CFTC, Lowe served as an associate director. She led investigations and prosecutions of many of the CFTC’s most complex cases, including the CFTC’s actions against banks and interdealer brokers for manipulation and false reporting of global benchmark interest rates, including the LIBOR, and actions against energy companies for attempted manipulation and false reporting of natural gas price indices. 
== Education ==
Lowe received her undergraduate degree from the University of Rochester and her law degree from the University of Pennsylvania School of Law.
== References ==
Gross cracking margin

The Gross cracking margin protects refiners from unfavorable price movements between crude acquisition costs and wholesale prices for gasoline and heating oil. 
For example, one barrel of crude oil equals one half barrel of gas and one half barrel of heating oil. Investors can take advantage of the relationship between the futures contract price of crude oil and the futures contract price of gasoline and heating. 
== Recent News ==
In May of 2010, U.S. petroleum inventories saw oil and all petroleum-based fuels jump to 1.81 billion barrels, which was the highest level of stockpiles in 20 years. In turn, the margin to process oil into gasoline and heating oil tumbled 33 percent. The margin, which is based on the most actively traded oil contract, had dropped 63 percent from it's record $30.479 on May 17, 2007. The crack spread to refine three barrels of oil for July delivery into two gasoline and one of heating oil increased by 4.7 percent to $11.39 a barrel on the NYMEX. 
== References ==
Category: Definitions
Gross domestic product

The gross domestic product (GDP) is a way to measure the growth of a country's economy. GDP is defined as the total cost of all completed goods and services produced within the country across a specific period of time, typically a calendar year. It is sometimes calculated as the sum of profits added at every level of production (the intermediate stages) of all final goods and services produced within a country across a timeframe, and it is rarely given a money value.
== References ==
Gross margin

In futures markets, gross margin refers to the submission of customer margin to a derivatives clearing organization (DCO) in an amount equal to the sum of the initial margin amounts that "would be required by the for each individual customer within that account if each individual customer were a clearing member."
Under the traditional "net margin system," when calculating the amount of funds required by the DCO, a futures commission merchant (FCM) is allowed to offset the positions of each customer with those of its other customers and submit enough margin to cover the "netted" amount. 
For example, suppose an FCM's customers hold, in aggregate, long positions of 1000 contracts of certain commodity and specific delivery date, and short positions totaling 800 contracts, under a net margining system, the FCM would send to the DCO enough margin to cover 200 contracts.
Under a gross customer margin ("GCM")system, the FCM would be required to submit to the DCO enough margin to cover 1800 contracts.
== Gross Margin in the Restoring Customer Confidence Video Series ==
Regulatory Changes: A Pretty Picture For Gross Margining
The Dodd-Frank Act has addressed numerous risks in the financial markets. In this video, Ron Filler, a Professor at New York Law School, says one provision, called gross margining, could alleviate segregated customer account risk, starting in January 2013.
==CFTC Final Rules, DCO General Provisions and Core Principles, October 2011==
On October 18, 2011, the CFTC issued a final rulemaking on DCO provisions related to Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act. Among the risk management provisions (Reg. 39.13) is a move toward the collection of margin by DCOs on a gross basis, rather than a net basis.
The compliance date for the gross margin rule was initially set for November 8, 2012. In October 2012, however, the CFTC issued no-action relief until January 14, 2013 in order to "provide firms with more time to implement their CGM processes and to assess the impact on margin requirements." 
== References ==
Gryphon Strategies

Gryphon Strategies, formerly Gryphon Investigations, is a boutique investigative firm that specializes in complex investigations for corporate, financial and insurance clients.
== History ==
Gryphon Strategies was founded in 1989 by current CEO, Tom Willingham.
== Products and Services ==
Gryphon Strategies focuses on corporate investigations, due diligence, litigation support, and high liability, insurance fraud investigations. Gryphon's clients include law firms, corporations, financial institutions, and insurance companies.
== Key People ==
*Tom Willingham, Chief Executive Officer
*Jay Dawdy, President
*H. David Kotz, Managing Director; Former Inspector General of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
== References ==
Category:Due Diligence Firms
Guangzhou Futures Exchange (GFEX)

In April of 2021, China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) launched the Guangzhou Futures Exchange to develop products, systems, and technology to establish a futures market serving the real economy and green development. The exchange was part of a development plan for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau greater bay area released by China's state council in February of 2019, which committed to launch a carbon futures market as part of China’s efforts to meet its emission-reduction targets. The exchange serves as a part of China’s “One Belt, One Road” initiative.
GFEX is the fifth futures exchange in mainland China. 
== History ==
GFEX was launch in April of 2021.
In January of 2022, Deutsche Börse and Guangzhou Futures Exchange announced a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) in which both sides would jointly explore opportunities in green finance product and promote carbon market development. A major element of the partnership is the business cooperation between Deutsche Börse's European Energy Exchange EEX and GFEX.
The Guangzhou Futures Exchange launched lithium carbonate futures on July 21, 2023, offering participants an opportunity to hedge price volatility in the battery raw material. China consumed more than 80% of the world’s lithium carbonate in 2022, worth 243.6 billion yuan ($34.18 billion), according to CITIC Futures. GFEX was the fourth global commodities exchange to launch contracts tracking the price of lithium carbonate.
== Products and Services ==
* Lithium Carbonate Futures
== Key People ==
== References ==
GuavaTech, Inc.

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GuavaTech, Inc. is an IT business solutions company that provides a variety of customized network engineering, systems integration and telecommunication services. The firm puts an emphasis on serving the electronic trading industry, specifically proprietary trading firms, investment banks, hedge funds, broker/dealers and FCMs.
 
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
GuavaTech provides an ultra-low latency trading infrastructure that encompasses networks, colocation hosting services, exchange/ECN/liquidity pool access, and ISV facilitation. The company also provides management, support and monitoring throughout the U.S., Canada, Europe, and Asia.
GuavaTech is a NASDAQ connectivity provider.
Core Services:
 
*Exchange Access
*Broker Access
*Proximity Hosting
*Global & Metro Networks
*Design & Engineering
*Management & Support
*Data Analytics
*Precision Timing Services
*Hardware Procurement Services
*Trading Floor Services & Support
*Remote Hands
 
North American Data Center Colocation Areas:
 
*Chicago
*New York
*New Jersey
*Toronto & Markham
*Mexico City
Eurozone & UK Data Center Locations
*United Kingdom
*Germany
*Ireland
*Sweden
*Switzerland
Asia Pacific Data Center Locations
*Tokyo, Japan
*Singapore
*Hong Kong
*Australia
 
Inter-City Connections
 
*Chicago
*Aurora
*Frankfurt
*Hong Kong
*London
*New Jersey
*New York
*Singapore
*Tokyo
*Toronto
*Sydney
== Key People ==
*Chris Barczyk - Chief Technology Officer, Founder
*Michael Pappas - Vice President, Global Business Strategy
*Michael Beling - Business Development
*Ryan McNally - Business Development
== External Links ==
* CBSX Co-Location Facility - Equinix
* ISE Network Service Providers list
* NYSE Liffe ASPs
== References ==
Category:Technology Firms
Guillaume Roux-Chabert

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Guillaume Roux-Chabert is head of tech sales for the Singapore office of Interactive Brokers.
He was previously the head of e-commerce CS APAC listed derivatives for Deutsche Bank.
Previously, he was a managing director for Japan and Korea for Patsystems and he has also been an executive with Newedge.
== Background ==
Before joining Patsystems, Roux-Chabert was head of eSolutions business development at Newedge, where he managed the Asia-Pacific connectivity team.
From 2001 to 2005, Roux-Chabert was with SunGard Global Trading. 
== Education ==
== References ==	
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Patsystems - Former Employees
Category:Newedge - Former Employees
Guillermo Babatz Torres

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Guillermo Babatz Torres is chairman of the Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores (CNBV).
 
== Background ==
Prior to assuming the chairmanship of CNBV, Babatz served as director-general of the Federal Mortgage Society (SHF). Before joining SHF, he was director-general of Securities and Insurance Markets and director of Domestic Debt Management for the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit.
== Education ==
Babatz has a BA in Economics from the Autonomous Technological Institute of Mexico. He holds a Ph.D. in Economics from Harvard University.
== References ==
Category:Regulators
Category:Mexico
Guillermo Cano

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Guillermo Cano is an executive director with MSCI, Inc. He joined MSCI in 2016.
Previously, he was a senior product manager, investable products at Russell Investments, a U.S.-based global asset management and investment consulting group, and creator of the eponymous family of benchmark equity indexes. 
== Background ==
Cano joined Russell in 2003 and has held several positions including manager of global policy for Russell's Index Policy Group, and as a senior financial analyst in the corporate finance group, where he managed annual corporate financial planning and forecasting. 
Before joining Russell, Cano spent four years as a portfolio manager for a middle-market private equity group. At the start of his career, Cano worked as an analyst with JPMorgan Chase's capital markets group.
== Education ==
Cano holds a bachelor's degree from the University of Miami and an MBA from the University of Washington Foster School of Business.
==John Lothian News Interview, May 2014==
Index Evolution: Guillermo Cano Looks at the New Generation of Equity Indexes
Equity indexes have come a long way over the past few decades, says Guillermo Cano of Russell Indexes. While market cap-weighted indexes still capture the lion’s share of volume, new investment choices include such things as sector weighting, factor modeling and so-called “smart beta” which aims to blend active and passive investing.
== References ==	
Category:FTSE Russell - Former Employees
Category:Russell Investments - Former Employees
Category:JP Morgan - Former Employees
Guillermo Prieto

Guillermo Prieto served as executive president and chief executive officer of Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A. de C.V. from 2001 to 2009.
He was also chairman of the Mexican Derivatives Exchange (MexDer) in Mexico City, Mexico. 
== Background ==
== Education ==
== References ==	
Category:Exchange Chairmen
Category:Bios - Board Members
Guillermo Tagle

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Guillermo Tagle is CEO and partner at Chilean broker IM Trust. He was appointed in 2006, and also serves as chairman of the Capital Markets Advisory Board to the Chilean Finance Minister. He is a part-time professor of financial accounting at the Pontificia Universidad Catolica Business School.
== Background ==
Tagle was previously the head of equity research and then the head of equity capital markets at Grupo Santander from 1994 to 2000. He was promoted to become CEO of investment banking division Santander Investment, serving in this role until 2006. He was also a board member at AFP Bansander, which is now AFP Capital.
Tagle is a board member at Bolsa Electronica de Chile, Deposito Central de Valores, CTR Pharmaceuticals and InBest, a non-profit group that internationally promotes Chile's capital markets. He is a board member and the chairman of the business and finance committee at ICARE, a non-profit group that promotes Chile's economic and entrepreneurial development.
He was the director of the MBA program and the director of alumni affairs at the Pontificia Universidad Catolica Business School from 1981 to 1994.
== Education ==
*Commercial Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
*MBA, UCLA (1991)
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Guo Shuqing

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Guo Shuqing is acting governor of China's Shandong Province. He was appointed to the position on March 29, 2013, after being replace by Xiao Gang as Chairman of the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC). He was appointed as chairman and party secretary of the CSRC in October 2011. 
== Background ==
Guo served as chairman and party secretary of the China Construction Bank from March 2005 to October 2011.
== Education ==
Guo has a Ph.D in law.
== References ==
Category:Regulators
Category:China
Category:Futures Market in China
Gurbir Grewal

__NOTOC__ 
Gurbir S. Grewal is a partner in the Litigation & Arbitration Group of Milbank LLP. Grewal joined the firm in October of 2024, after leading the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)'s Enforcement Division for three years. 
Grewal was appointed head of the Commission's Enforcement Division effective July 26, 2021 by Chairman Gary Gensler. 
Gensler's first pick for the job, Alex Oh, had to resign days after being named because of a controversy involving a ruling in a case for one of her corporate clients. 
Grewal became known for advocating for bigger fines against violators of securities laws and taking a tough stance on cryptocurrency, which he portrayed as a new form of the same activity the SEC had regulated for decades. Under Grewal, the SEC brought more than 2,400 enforcement actions and imposed more than $20 billion in fines and disgorgement, according to the SEC. It also barred more than 340 people from Wall Street, and awarded more than $1 billion to whistleblowers.
He recommended more than 100 enforcement actions “addressing widespread noncompliance in the quickly growing crypto space, including against the operators of the largest crypto asset trading platforms in the world,” the SEC said.
== Background ==
Before joining the SEC, Grewal had been New Jersey's longest-serving attorney general, from 2018 to 2021. He served as a federal prosecutor in Brooklyn and New Jersey, and was the chief prosecutor for Bergen County. As a prosecutor, he oversaw several high-profile securities fraud cases, including a 2015 case in which a criminal gang hacked thousands of news releases in order to engage in insider trading.
Grewal also worked in private practice, but had not worked for a private law firm in more than a decade.
Grewal was the U.S.'s first Sikh state attorney general. He and his office overhauled the rules governing police use of force in New Jersey for the first time in a generation. They also joined several other states in filing dozens of lawsuits against former President Trump's administration on a range of issues.
He also oversaw New Jersey’s securities bureau, which during his tenure took action related to cryptocurrency offerings, subprime auto lending and predatory student loans.
== Education ==
Grewal earned a B.S.F.S from Georgetown University and his J.D. from William and Mary Law School.
== References ==	
Category:U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission - Former Employees
Gus Hadidi

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Gus Hadidi is strategic advisor, liquified natural gas (LNG) for the Abaxx Exchange. 
He also serves as managing director of energy storage project development with Rynland Energy.
== Background ==
Previously, Hadidi was vice president for energy private equity with Fortress Investment Group LLC. From 2009 until 2015 he was a liquified natural gas consultant to Poten & Partners. 
Hadidi began his career in 2007 as a chemical engineer with Impco Inc. 
== Education ==
Hadidi holds a Bachelors of Science from the University of Rhode Island and a Bachelor's degree in Engineering from the University of Massachusetts, Boston. He also earned a Masters in Energy and Economics, Chemical Engineering from Cornell University, where he was a research assistant.
== References ==	
Category:Bios
Category:Exchange Executives
Abaxx Exchange
Rynland Energy
Category:Fortress Investment Group - Former Employees
Guy Adami

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Guy Adami is vice chairman of tradeMONSTER. He joined the company in that role on Apr. 1, 2009. He is a professional investor, media analyst, and managing director of Drakon Capital. On September 22, 2010, FOX Sports Radio announced a new Saturday morning show called "Stox n Jocks" hosted by Adami and the Najarian brothers. The show debuted on Saturday, September 25.
== Background ==
Adami launched his career more than 20 years ago with Drexel Burnham Lambert, trading in the New York Mercantile Exchange energy and metal pits. A few years later, he was named head gold trader on the company's bullion desk. 
In 1996, Adami joined Goldman Sachs' commodities group, J. Aron, as vice president. While there, he worked for Gary Cohn and Lloyd Blankfein, Goldman's current chief executive. In 2000, Adami moved to Goldman's equities group, where he was soon asked to head up the trading side of the industrial and basic materials group.
In 2003, he left Goldman to become an executive director at CIBC World Markets and from there he became a member of CNBC's Fast Money ensemble with Jon Najarian and Pete Najarian.
He joined optionMONSTER, an affiliate of tradeMONSTER, in 2008.
He also acts as managing director for Drakon Capital, which went live in 2010 with it's products stockMONSTER and futuresMONSTER.
== Education ==
He is a graduate of Georgetown University.	
== References ==
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Category:Market Analysts
Category:Goldman Sachs - Former Employees
Category:J. Aron - Former Employees
Category:CIBC World Markets - Former Employees
Category:CNBC Television Personalities
Guy C. Dempsey, Jr.

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Guy C. Dempsey, Jr. is a retired partner in the futures and derivatives group of the financial services practice at Katten Muchin Rosenman LLP.
He focused on derivatives and structured products and on bank regulation. Specifically, he worked on over-the-counter derivatives across all asset classes and transaction types, as well as with the corporate governance, regulatory, collateral, compliance, insolvency and litigation issues associated with such products. He helped bank and non-bank clients analyze the details and impact of the Dodd-Frank Act.
== Background ==
Before joining Katten Muchin, Dempsey was co-head of the Derivatives Practice Group at Latham & Watkins LLP.
He has also served as a managing director at Barclays Capital, where he held a number of senior positions, including general counsel for the Americas. 
Dempsey started his career at the law firm of White & Case LLP.
He has also served as managing director and counsel at Bankers Trust Company.
Dempsey is a member of the derivatives committees of the American, New York State and New York City Bar Associations.
He has also been active in the documentation projects of the International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) since its formation.
Previously, Dempsey was a member of the Financial Markets Lawyers Group associated with the Foreign Exchange Committee of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
He is on the editorial board of the Journal of Derivatives and Hedge Funds. 
He was recently named as a recognized international market expert in finance by the P.R.I.M.E. Finance foundation.
Dempsey has served on the faculty of the Practicing Law Institute.
== Education ==
Dempsey holds a bachelor of arts from Yale University, graduating cum laude. His juris doctor degree is from New York University Law School. He is admitted to practice in New York.
== References ==	
Category:Lawyers
Category:Katten Muchin Rosenman LLP
Category:Bios - Legal
Category:Bankers Trust
Category:Bankers Trust - Former Employees
Category:Barclays Capital
Category:Barclays Capital - Former Employees
Category:ISDA
Guy Eden

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Guy Eden is head of product management at NeX Traiana. He was appointed to that position in July 2013.
== Background ==
He was previously head of product management at the London Stock Exchange, where he was responsible for product management, development and customer support for UnaVista, a commercial software service for trade date matching, regulatory reporting, and reconciliation. He joined the London Stock Exchange from Ipreo, an investment banking provider. Before joining Ipreo he spent much of his career at SunGard.
== Education ==
Guy has a BSc. (hons) in Mathematics and Physics from the University of Manchester, where he was awarded the Hamer Major Scholarship.
== References ==	
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Guy Melamed

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Guy Melamed is a London and Tel-Aviv-based financial technology executive who is the co-founder and CEO of Exberry.
He is also a venture partner in Finova Capital Ltd., an open-ended investment fund focused on ventures related to blockchain and other distributed ledger technologies.
== Background ==
Before his role at Exberry, Melamed served as the co-founder and CEO of Zeex, a fintech platform enabling users to shop with digital currencies, eliminating the complexities associated with fiat currency and associated fees.
Additionally, he held the position of chief product officer and head of strategic partnerships at GreenRoad, a company specializing in fleet driving solutions.
Melamed was also the co-founder, CEO, and product lead at Toontok, where the focus was on providing real-time digital identity animated messaging solutions, and served as the vice president of products at Ginger Software, a leader in Natural Language Processing (NLP).
Melamed's career includes roles as CEO and co-founder of i-Pap, co-founder and director of Eureka Film, and CEO of JVP.
== Education ==
Melamed earned a bachelor's degree in communications and media studies from the University of Amsterdam, followed by a masters degree in communication science, known as "doctorandus," from the same institution.
== Video ==
Melamed was interviewed by JLN Correspondent Julie Ros at the FIA 2023 IDX in London.
== References ==	
Category:Entrepreneurs
Category:Fintech Executives
Guy Rowcliffe

__NOTOC__ 
Guy Rowcliffe is global head of optimization services and leads the CME Group's full optimization portfolio, serving as head of its TriOptima and Reset businesses. He was named to the position in May 2019.
== Background ==
Prior to that, Rowcliffe served as head of Asia Pacific for NEX Group's post trade and optimization businesses starting in 2016. NEX Group was acquired by CME Group in 2018. He joined NEX when it was still part of ICAP, through the acquisition of Switchfix in 2008, which was later rebranded to RESET, an ICAP business.
He spent the first half of his career as a trader in the interest rate derivatives market at Chase Manhattan Bank and spent more than 25 years in the Asia region.
== Education ==
== References ==