1957–58 NHL season

The 1957–58 NHL season was the 41st season of the National Hockey League. The Montreal Canadiens won the Stanley Cup for the third consecutive season, defeating the Boston Bruins four games to two in the best-of-seven final series.
==League business==
It was announced in September that Senator Hartland Molson had purchased 60% stock from the Canadian Arena Company and the Montreal Canadiens from Senator Donat Raymond.
===Organization of Players' Association===
Doug Harvey and Ted Lindsay led the drive to form (on February 11, 1957) the National Hockey League Players' Association (NHLPA), a workers' labour association, and sued the NHL over the issue of player pensions, salaries during training camp, meal allowances, remuneration for exhibition games and a no trade clause after six years service.Ross, J. Andrew, Trust and Antitrust: The Failure of the First National Hockey League Players’ Association, 1957–1958 (The Journal of) Business and Economic History On-line, Vol.8, 2010, pp.4-5 Lindsay lost his captaincy of the Detroit Red Wings and was traded to Chicago, on July 23, 1957, in an effort to intimidate the players.
After the NHL declined to negotiate with the players over benefits and would not open the books on the pension plan, the player's association filed an anti-trust lawsuit on October 10, 1957. The lawsuit alleged the monopolization of the professional hockey industry since 1926, in violation of the Sherman and Clayton Anti-Trust Acts.Ross, J. Andrew, Trust and Antitrust: The Failure of the First National Hockey League Players’ Association, 1957–1958 (The Journal of) Business and Economic History On-line, Vol.8, 2010, p.7 Furthermore, On November 6, 1957 the Toronto Maple Leafs players voted unanimously to certify the union.
The NHL started to fight back. First, they traded Lindsay to Chicago to separate him from the Red Wings, the American team the NHLPA had targeted for a certification vote. Next, Jack Adams spread false stories in the press alleging various slanders had been made by Lindsay against the Red Wings players, and produced a fake contract to the press showing an over-inflated salary for Lindsay, greater than Hart Trophy MVP, teammate and friend Gordie Howe. The ruse worked and the Red Wings players decided to dis-associate themselves from the NHLPA on November 13, 1957.Cruise, pp. 78–112.
Part of the problem of organizing the players was confusion about the type of association they were forming. The NHLPA had applied, in Canada, to the Ontario Labour Relations Board for certification, but the ORLB had no experience with workers like hockey players.Ross, J. Andrew, Trust and Antitrust: The Failure of the First National Hockey League Players’ Association, 1957–1958 (The Journal of) Business and Economic History On-line, Vol.8, 2010, p.8 NHLPA members negotiated individual contracts and wanted to continue to bargain this way. The matter of the NHLPA being an actual union, where the members were bound together and fought for collective agreements, was unclear. The NHLPA legal counsel, Milton Mound, addressed this, saying that the players would negotiate on matters common to all players (pensions, allowances) but retained the right to individual contracts.Ross, J. Andrew, Trust and Antitrust: The Failure of the First National Hockey League Players’ Association, 1957–1958 (The Journal of) Business and Economic History On-line, Vol.8, 2010, p.9 The League, and especially Conn Smythe, argued that players were forming a "trade union" and were no better than "commies" and would lose things like individual bonuses.Ross, J. Andrew, Trust and Antitrust: The Failure of the First National Hockey League Players’ Association, 1957–1958 (The Journal of) Business and Economic History On-line, Vol.8, 2010, p.5 & 8 He believed that hockey players were in the business of being "independent contractors" and had no right or reason for a collective organization.Ross, J. Andrew, Trust and Antitrust: The Failure of the First National Hockey League Players’ Association, 1957–1958 (The Journal of) Business and Economic History On-line, Vol.8, 2010, p.10
The confusion worried both employer and employee. The situation was exacerbated by the certification process. The OLRB was taking time, and no one knew how this transnational association would work, or how it would be recognized by the US National Labor Relations Board.Ross, J. Andrew, Trust and Antitrust: The Failure of the First National Hockey League Players’ Association, 1957–1958 (The Journal of) Business and Economic History On-line, Vol.8, 2010, p.6 In fact, the NLRB asked the NHLPA to withdraw its unfair labor practices charge on November 20, 1957, arguing it did not have jurisdiction. This was followed by the Montreal Canadiens players rejection of the association in early January, 1958.Ross, J. Andrew, Trust and Antitrust: The Failure of the First National Hockey League Players’ Association, 1957–1958 (The Journal of) Business and Economic History On-line, Vol.8, 2010, pp,10-11 
The OLRB resumed meeting on January 7, but both the League and the players were concerned. The NHL was convinced that the ORLB was not going to dismiss the application, regardless of how they ruled on the union versus association issue, and the players were worried (given the setbacks in Detroit and Montreal) that they didn't have grounds to actually form an association (especially since they didn't want to be a traditional "union.")Ross, J. Andrew, Trust and Antitrust: The Failure of the First National Hockey League Players’ Association, 1957–1958 (The Journal of) Business and Economic History On-line, Vol.8, 2010, p.11
The players and owners both felt pressure to conclude something, so they gathered, without lawyers, for a 13 hour meeting in the boardroom of the Biltmore Hotel in Palm Beach, just after the regular NHL winter meetings.Ross, J. Andrew, Trust and Antitrust: The Failure of the First National Hockey League Players’ Association, 1957–1958 (The Journal of) Business and Economic History On-line, Vol.8, 2010, p.12 In an out-of-court settlement on February 5, 1958, the NHL promised:Coleman, pp. 334–335.
* a $7000 minimum wage (which was, in actuality, the unofficial League norm,)
* an increase in pension benefits,
* increased hospitalization benefits,
* a limit on the number of exhibition games,
* the player shall be the sole judge of his physical fitness to play after injury.
Ross concludes:
In the end, the players had little to show for their rebellion. A few cosmetic changes were made, but even the communication problem did not seem to have been solved. Over the ensuing seasons the Owner-Player Council did not even meet regularly, and paternalism prevailed. It was not until 1967 that the idea of a union once again gained currency, again in an era of general revived interest across all the major league sports.
The fundamental question at the root of the NHLPA failure was whether players really were laborers who could form a trade union. Seemingly caught in a space both commercial and non-commercial, players felt uneasy locating themselves wholly within either. This in itself reflected the success of the owners in using cultural formations to restrain their labor force. Led by Conn Smythe, the league appealed to cultural bonds of loyalty and tradition as justifications for retaining the existing economic structure of labor-management relations, long after other industries had been forced by the state to move toward formal, union-led collective bargaining arrangements.Ross, J. Andrew, Trust and Antitrust: The Failure of the First National Hockey League Players’ Association, 1957–1958 (The Journal of) Business and Economic History On-line, Vol.8, 2010, pp,13-14 
==Regular season==
This season saw the Montreal Canadiens regain first place overall, while the previous season's leader, the Detroit Red Wings, slipped to third. Montreal's Maurice "Rocket" Richard became the first NHL player to score 500 career goals, Jacques Plante won his third straight Vezina Trophy, and Doug Harvey his fourth straight Norris Trophy.
Glenn Hall, after two playoff years in which the Wings were eliminated, was traded along with Ted Lindsay to the sad-sack Chicago Black Hawks and Terry Sawchuk was brought back to Detroit in a very bad deal that saw Larry Hillman and Johnny Bucyk go to Boston. Chicago almost made the playoffs, and Hall's great goaltending, including 7 shutouts, one of which was in his debut with the Hawks, made him a contender for the Hart Memorial Trophy.
On October 19th, 1957, Rocket Richard did what no other player had ever done before as yet. In a 3-1 win over Chicago, he scored his 500th career goal on Glenn Hall. He immediately dedicated it to his old coach Dick Irvin. Irvin had died on May 15, 1957 after a long bout with bone cancer.
When Marcel Paille was brought up to the Rangers from Providence of the AHL for the ailing Gump Worsley, he sparkled, and Worsley was sent down to Providence. Then Paille went sour and the Gumper was recalled. Worsley got hot and the Rangers started winning. Worsley had his finest campaign up to this point with a 2.32 goals-against average and 4 shutouts and the Rangers finished second — their highest finish since 1941-42.
Two contenders for the Calder Memorial Trophy, Chicago's Bobby Hull and the Toronto Maple Leafs' Frank Mahovlich, battled all season for rookie honours. Mahovlich prevailed and won the trophy, although the Maple Leafs finished last in the NHL.
This season also saw the first black man play in the league. Willie O'Ree suited up with the Boston Bruins on January 18, 1958 in a game against the Canadiens in Montreal. 
===Final standings===
Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes
National Hockey League	GP	W 	L 	T 	Pts	GF 	GA 	PIM
Montreal Canadiens 	70	43	17	10	96 	250	158	945
New York Rangers 	70	32	25	13	77 	195	188	781
Detroit Red Wings 	70	29	29	12	70 	176	207	758
Boston Bruins 	70	27	28	15	69 	199	194	849
Chicago Black Hawks 	70	24	39	7 	55 	163	202	906
Toronto Maple Leafs 	70	21	38	11	53 	192	226	861
==Playoffs==
The first-place Montreal Canadiens swept the third-place Detroit Red Wings to qualify for the final. In the other semi-final, the fourth-place Boston Bruins upset the second-place New York Rangers in six games to qualify for the final.
===Playoff bracket===
===Semifinals===
====(1) Montreal Canadiens vs. (3) Detroit Red Wings====
 
====(2) New York Rangers vs. (4) Boston Bruins====
 
===Finals===
The Canadiens, making their eighth consecutive appearance in the Stanley Cup final, defeated the Bruins in six games. It was the Canadiens' third consecutive Stanley Cup triumph.
 
==Awards==
*Prince of Wales Trophy: 	Montreal Canadiens
*Art Ross Memorial Trophy: 	Dickie Moore, Montreal Canadiens
*Calder Memorial Trophy: 	Frank Mahovlich, Toronto Maple Leafs
*Hart Memorial Trophy: 	Gordie Howe, Detroit Red Wings
*James Norris Memorial Trophy: 	Doug Harvey, Montreal Canadiens
*Lady Byng Memorial Trophy: 	Camille Henry, New York Rangers
*Vezina Trophy: 	Jacques Plante, Montreal Canadiens
===First Half All-Star teams===
First Team 	  Position  	Second Team
Glenn Hall, Chicago Blackhawks 	G 	Jacques Plante, Montreal Canadiens
Doug Harvey, Montreal Canadiens 	D 	Bill Gadsby, New York Rangers
Fern Flaman, Boston Bruins 	D 	Marcel Pronovost, Detroit Red Wings
Henri Richard, Montreal Canadiens	C 	Jean Beliveau, Montreal Canadiens
Gordie Howe, Detroit Red Wings 	RW 	Maurice Richard, Montreal Canadiens
Dickie Moore, Montreal Canadiens 	LW 	Fleming Mackell, Boston Bruins
===All-Star teams===
First team 	  Position  	Second team
Glenn Hall, Chicago Black Hawks 	G 	Jacques Plante, Montreal Canadiens
Doug Harvey, Montreal Canadiens 	D 	Fern Flaman, Boston Bruins
Bill Gadsby, New York Rangers 	D 	Marcel Pronovost, Detroit Red Wings
Henri Richard, Montreal Canadiens	C 	Jean Beliveau, Montreal Canadiens
Gordie Howe, Detroit Red Wings 	RW 	Andy Bathgate, New York Rangers
Dickie Moore, Montreal Canadiens 	LW 	Camille Henry, New York Rangers
==Player statistics==
===Scoring leaders===
Note: GP = Games played, G = Goals, A = Assists, PTS = Points, PIM = Penalties in minutes
Player 	Team 	GP	G 	A 	Pts	PIM
Dickie Moore 	Montreal Canadiens 	70	36	48	84 	65
Henri Richard 	Montreal Canadiens 	67	28	52	80 	56
Andy Bathgate 	New York Rangers 	65	30	48	78 	42
Gordie Howe 	Detroit Red Wings 	64	33	44	77 	40
Bronco Horvath 	Boston Bruins 	67	30	36	66 	71
Ed Litzenberger	Chicago Black Hawks	70	32	30	62 	63
Fleming Mackell	Boston Bruins 	70	20	40	60 	72
Jean Beliveau 	Montreal Canadiens 	55	27	32	59 	93
Alex Delvecchio	Detroit Red Wings 	70	21	38	59 	22
Don McKenney 	Boston Bruins 	70	28	30	58 	22
===Leading goaltenders===
Note: GP = Games played; Min – Minutes Played; GA = Goals Against; GAA = Goals Against Average; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; SO = Shutouts
Player 	Team 	GP	MIN 	GA 	GAA 	W 	L 	T 	SO
Jacques Plante	Montreal Canadiens 	57	3386	119	2.11	34	14	8 	9
Lorne Worsley 	New York Rangers 	37	2220	86 	2.32	21	10	6 	4
Don Simmons 	Boston Bruins 	39	2288	92 	2.41	15	14	9 	5
Harry Lumley 	Boston Bruins 	24	1500	71 	2.84	11	10	3 	3
Glenn Hall 	Chicago Black Hawks	70	4200	200	2.86	24	39	7 	7
Terry Sawchuk 	Detroit Red Wings 	70	4200	205	2.94	29	29	12	3
Marcel Paille 	New York Rangers 	33	1980	102	3.09	11	15	7 	1
Ed Chadwick 	Toronto Maple Leafs	70	4200	223	3.19	21	38	11	4
==Team Photos==
57-58BosBru.jpg|Boston Bruins
57-58ChiBH.jpg|Chicago Black Hawks
57-58DetRW.jpg|Detroit Red Wings
57-58MtlCdn.jpg|Montreal Canadiens
57-58NYR.jpg|New York Rangers
57-58TorML.jpg|Toronto Maple Leafs
==References==
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;Notes
==External links==
*Hockey Database
*NHL.com
Category:1957 in ice hockey
Category:1958 in ice hockey