System for Next-Gen Wireless Devices

== Problem Definition ==
=== Background ===
 With the widespread of wireless communication devices, there is an ever-growing demand for portable, low-cost, and easy to use devices that are capable of evaluating the electromagnetics performance of antennas or wireless devices/systems. Conventional measurement systems are very accurate but, in meantime, they are also bulky and expensive. This limits their use in field measurements, in classrooms, as well as in everyday life. 
=== Deliverables ===
 
 1: Design a simple system to test antenna.
 2: Ensure the portability.
 3: Ensure enough frequency.
=== Specifications ===
 Design an antenna characterization system for next-generation wireless devices to visualize the properties of an antenna system in an easy way and provide educational material to explain these properties to non-specialists.
 The device should test and show the impedance, total efficiency of antennas real time. At the same time, it should be portable and low-cost. 
 We decide that the impedance and total efficiency to be our major measurement, if got more time, we may measure parameters as well. For the first three months, our major task is to assemble the prototype then test and improve it.
== Design Considerations ==
=== Theory ===
	The Diagram above illustrates how we will generate a signal with an antenna with known values, as seen on the left, and use our raspberry pi to measure and acquire the data from our unknown antenna for characterization. Characterization can either take place on the receiving raspberry pi itself or the computer can characterize the antenna. The computers main purpose is for visualization of our data.
=== Current design ===
 frameless|center|650px| Current design
== Project Learning ==
350px|	The Raspberry Pi provides the functionality to create and measure waveforms. There are open source projects that can be found on the web for this functionality. 
 There is a potential to incorporate various antennas for us to measure
 The Raspberry Pi also makes it easier to communicate with a computer, which we may need to use to process/visualize the data we collect
We are now in the design phase involving the raspberry pi. We will begin work on bypassing the Raspberry Pi’s antenna for our own, and creating a matlab program to take inputs for given measurements and output characterized visuals of our antenna using Frii’s Equation.
 	The Digilent Explorer board did not meet requirements of our system. The board used could only generate a 4MHz signal, meaning if we wanted to design a useable half-wavelength antenna we would need at least 38 meters of material. The oscilloscope is also only capable of measuring a signal up to 100MHz, because of this the Explorer board is not suitable for our goal.
Provides built-in analog waveform generator and oscilloscope
We could use the oscilloscope to compare our generated analog waveform to what we would be measuring on the antenna.
This would allow us to characterize:Impedance,Efficiency,Bandwidth,Gain
 	MCP3008 devices are successive approximation 10-bit Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converters with on-board sample and hold circuitry. The MCP3008 is programmable to provide four pseudo-differential input pairs or eight single-ended inputs. Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) and Integral Nonlinearity (INL) are specified at u00b11 LSB. Communication with the devices is accomplished using a simple serial interface compatible with the SPI protocol. The devices are capable of conversion rates of up to 200 ksps. The MCP3008 devices operate over a broad voltage range (2.7V - 5.5V). Low-current design permits operation with typical standby currents of only 5 nA and typical active currents of 320 u03bcA
 	VNC is a graphical desktop-sharing system that uses the Remote Frame Buffer protocol (RFB) to remotely control another computer. We could use it to remote control the raspberry pi.
== Final Design ==
=== Simulation Signal Test ===
500px|	This is the figure of testing simulation signal. We use the explore board to simulate an analog signal with 100mV and 100mHz. Then we plot the digital signal of it with raspberry pi. The T in the figure is the time of one period in signal. We could use it to check the frequency and circuit.
=== Experimental Progress ===
500px|	This is a very high demand for our system, so for testing purposes we are switching out the 2.4GHz antenna for a low frequency ferrite loop antenna.
=== Total System Connection ===
 thumb|650px|center| the system of doing simulation signal test
 thumb|650px|center| the system of testing loop antenna
=== Data analysis ===
 frameless|center|1000px| Data analysis
=== Future plan ===
 
 In the future we will use the data we have to solve for gain, power and distance.
 Then, We will also focus on the further analysis with additional hardware. If possible, we could also get a basic polar plot of antenna in dB linear scale. 
 After all of this, we will try this system on a high frequency antenna and cancel the analysis we don not need.
== Validation ==
Task Name 	Start Date	End Date 	Duration	Status 	Assigned To Comments
System for Next-Gen Wireless Devices 	09/11/2018	04/26/2019	164d 	Completed	N/A
confirm the project content and meeting with client and instructor 	09/11/2018	09/12/2018	2d 	Completed	N/A
Prepare for the project 	09/13/2018	09/19/2018	5d 	Completed	N/A
Make sure the equipment with client 	09/20/2018	09/24/2018	3d 	Completed	N/A
Change the equipment to raspberry pi 	09/25/2018	11/05/2018	42d 	Completed	N/A
Delivery Window for Raspberry Pi 	10/01/2018	10/15/2018	11d 	Completed	N/A
Design bypass of raspberry pi antenna for external antennas 	10/01/2018	10/15/2018	11d 	Completed	N/A
Raspberry Pi readings to external code / Friis Equation development	10/01/2018	04/12/2019	132d 	Completed	N/A
Find ADC first and test the circuit 	10/16/2018	11/27/2018	31d 	Completed	N/A
Buy ADC: MCP3008 and bread board 	10/16/2018	10/31/2018	12d 	Completed	N/A
Connect the Raspberry pi and the ADC to get some data 	11/01/2018	11/05/2018	3d 	Completed	N/A
Improve the circuit 	11/07/2018	04/02/2019	146d 	Completed	N/A
Solder the wires to the SMA connector 	01/10/2019	01/10/2019	1d 	Completed	N/A
Find the code and the software of Raspberry to plot the diagram 	01/11/2019	01/18/2019	6d 	Completed	N/A
Install the software of the Real-time data dynamic graph 	01/19/2019	02/01/2019	11d 	Completed	N/A
Figure out the problem of the dynamic 	02/01/2019	03/08/2019	36d 	Completed	N/A
Input signal and output the virtual dynamic graph 	02/08/2019	02/14/2019	5d 	Completed	N/A
Figure out the noise of the dynamic graph 	02/26/2019	03/08/2019	10d 	Completed	N/A
Spring break 	03/11/2019	03/15/2019	5d 	N/A 	N/A
Find the problem that ADC is too slow to catch the antenna signal 	03/19/2019	03/19/2019	1d 	Completed	N/A
Decide to perform Plan B 	03/19/2019	03/20/2019	2d 	Completed	N/A
Make a DIY antenna 	03/21/2019	03/26/2019	4d 	Completed	N/A
Test the antenna and find 100 turns is the best choice 	03/26/2019	04/02/2019	6d 	Completed	N/A
Solve the code of plotting curve 	04/02/2019	04/12/2019	9d 	Completed	N/A
Test the whole system with the new antenna and code 	04/15/2019	04/23/2019	7d 	Completed	N/A
EXPO DAY 	04/26/2019	04/26/2019	1d 	Completed	N/A
== Team Information ==
 		Biography	Discipline	
Thomas Parks		
Thomas is a fifth year Electrical Engineering student, from Boise,
focusing on electromagnetics and communications systems. 
When not busy with schoolwork he serves as president of 
the University of Idaho's Quidditch Club.	Hometown: Boise,ID
Graduation Date: May 2019 
Future Goals: 
Email: park2887@vandals.uidaho.edu	Electrical Engineering.
Zhangshu Han		
My name is Shuhan Zhang. I am a student major in Electrical Engineering. I am from China.	Hometown: Suzhou,CN
Graduation Date: May 2019 
Future Goals: 
Email: zhan4190@vandals.uidaho.edu	Electrical Engineering
Zouning Dai 		
Zouning Dai is a transfer and senior student, from China, 
he is interested in power system.	Hometown: Suzhou,CN
Graduation Date: May 2019 
Future Goals: 
Email: dai2290@vandals.uidaho.edu	Electrical Engineering
Hui Xie 		
Hui Xie is a senior in Electrical engineering looking at graduate in May
2019 from the University of Idaho. His hobby is basketball and computer
game. The most favorite of the project has been learned the code for
raspberry pi and wire connected. After graduating he plans on going
to study Master's degree.	Hometown: Wuxi,CN
Graduation Date: May 2019 
Future Goals: 
Email: xie2909@vandals.uidaho.edu	Electrical Engineering
=Additional Documentation=
Project Schedule
 Project Schedule
 Project Portfolio Links:
* System Diagrams
* Project Learning
* Manufacturing
* Balance Sheet
* Design goal
* 9.6-10.4Specifications and Constraints
* 9.6-10.4Meeting Minutes
* Experimental Design
* Analysis of Alternatives
Client Interview
File: Client-interview-transcript.pdf