nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Witherite

== Description ==
A naturally occurring mineral composed of barium carbonate. Witherite was named for william Withering an 18th century English naturalist. It is usually found in hydrothermal veins associated with barite. Witherite is mined in Germany, England (Hexham, Northumberland, Cumberland, Durham), Scotland, Canada (Ontario) and the U.S. (Illinois, California, Arizona). Witherite is used in case-hardening steel and in refining sugar. It is also used as a pigment in the manufacture of paints, glazes, and synthetic marble.
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Witherite, PMA.TIF~FTIR (PMA)|witheriteRS.jpg~Raman]]]
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
barium carbonate; Pigment White 10; CI 77099
== Risks ==
* Toxic by ingestion. 
* Skin contact may cause irritation.
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Soluble in acids. Insoluble in water. 
* Orthorhombic crystals, usually short and prismatic. 
* Cleavage is good in one direction. 
* Fracture = subconchoidal. 
* Luster = veitreous to resinous. 
* Streak = white. 
* Flat tablets that are colorless under plane-polarized light; high brefringence with complete extinction; interference colors are often seen. 
* Fluoresces a light blue color in both long- and short-wave UV and is phosphorescent under short-wave UV light
Mohs Hardness 	3.0 - 3.5
Density 	4.3 g/ml
Refractive Index	1.529-1.677
== Comparisons ==
==Resources and Citations==
* Mineralogy Database: Witherite
* Nicholas Eastaugh, Valentine Walsh, Tracey Chaplin, Ruth Siddall, Pigment Compendium, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 2004 Comment: Vol. 2, page 267. Refractive index: alpha=1.529, beta=1.676, gamma=1.677. Microscopically similar to aragontie
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 84
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "witherite" Encyclopædia Britannica [Accessed December 4, 2001
* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witherite (Accessed Sept. 20, 2005)
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
Category:Materials database
Woad

== Description ==
A natural dark blue dye obtained from the biennial Isatis tinctoria plants. Woad was cultivated since early times as a textile dye in England, France, Greece, Italy, Egypt, and China. In western Europe, woad was the only blue dye used until the introduction of indigo in the early 17th century. For production, the plant leaves were cut, dried and rolled into balls (woad balls) to age for about one month. Then the balls were crushed to a fine powder, sprinkled with water and piled in heaps for fermentation. The blue color deepened with the age of the plant ranging from a light blue in young leaves to a dark bluish black in fully ripe leaves. The colorant in woad is chemically similar to indigo.
* See also [Uemera Dye Archive (Taisei)] 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
dyer's woad (Isatis tinctoria); Waid (Deut.); Färberwaid (Deut.); Deutscher Indigo (Deut.); guède (Fr.); glasto (Esp.); guado (It.); issatis bafiki (Gr.); wede (Ned.); índigo (Port.); glastum; weit; waisdo; wod; anthrax; pastel; English indigo; blue balls; woad balls
== Resources and Citations ==
* H.Schweppe, "Indigo and Woad", Artists Pigments, Volume 3, E. West FitzHugh (ed.), Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1997
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* R.J. Adrosko, Natural Dyes in the United States, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, 1968
* R.D. Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982
* R. Newman, E. Farrell, 'House Paint Pigments', Paint in America , R. Moss ed., Preservation Press, New York City, 1994
* Thomas B. Brill, Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities, Plenum Press, New York City, 1980
* F. Crace-Calvert, Dyeing and Calico Printing, Palmer & Howe, London, 1876
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p.284
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Wolbers Gel

== Description ==
[Fine Chemicals for Conservation] A brand name for a mixture of Carbopol® 954 (carboxypolymethylene) and Ethomeen® C/25 (polyoxyethylene (15) cocoamine). Wolbers Gel is used to soften soluble nylon.
== Resources and Citations ==
* Ceramics and Glass Conservation Section, List of Workshop Materials, The British Museum, London
Category:Materials database
Wolf

== Description ==
Any of several dog-like, carnivorous mammals of the genus Canis, such as Canis lupus. Wolves, though native to all parts of the Northern Hemisphere, are now primarily found in North America and Russia. Their soft, dense, long fur has been used for capes and trimming coat (collars and cuffs). Brushes made from wolf hair, or yellow coyote, have been used in Russian artist brushes. These fibers made be from wolverines.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
gray wolf (Canis lupus); grey wolf (Br.); timber wolf (Canis lupus); red wolf (Canis rufus); wolf hair; yellow coyote; wolverine; ulv (Dan., Ned., Nor., Sven.); Wolf (Deut.); lobo (Esp.); loup (Fr.); lupo (It.); gråulv (Nor.); wilk (Pol.); lobo cinzento (Port.); varg (Sven.)
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Guard hair = long, silky 
* Colors: light gray; brown, reddish, off-white, blue-gray, black
==Resources and Citations==
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "wolf." Accessed 15 Dec. 2004 .
* Edward Reich, Carlton J. Siegler, Consumer Goods: How to Know and Use Them, American Book Company, New York City, 1937
* Zora Sweet Pinney, 'A Handle on the Terms used for Artists' Brushes', unpublished glossary, 1999
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf (Accessed Nov. 29, 2005)
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
Category:Materials database
Wolframite

== Description ==
A metallic ore containing both iron tungstate and manganese tungstate. Wolframite occurs as veins in granite rocks. It is found in England (Cornwall), Spain, Portugal, Germany, Myanmar (formerly Burma), the Malay Peninsula, Australia and the U.S. (Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, North Carolina). Similar tungstate minerals are hübnerite (manganese tungstate) and ferberite (iron tungstate). All three of these ores are used as a source of tungsten.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
hübnerite; huebnerite; ferberite; Wolframit (Deut.); wolframita (Port.)
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|wolframiteRS.jpg~Raman]]]
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Crystals = prismatic:short, striated, and flattened. 
* Fracture = uneven. 
* Streak = gray or black. 
* Luster = metallic to submetallic. 
* Cleavage = perfect (lengthwise)
Mohs Hardness	4.0-4.5
Density 	7.12-7.51 g/ml
==Resources and Citations==
* Mineralogy Database: Wolframite
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "wolframite" [Accessed December 4, 2001]. : Mohs = 5-5.5
* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979 Comment: Mohs 4-4.5
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolframite (Accessed Sept. 20, 2005) Mohs = 4-4.5
Category:Materials database
Wollastonite

== Description ==
A fibrous white mineral composed of calcium metasilicate. Wollastonite was named for the English mineralogist William Wollaston in the early 1800s. The mineral is formed by the metamorphosis of siliceous limestones at high temperatures (>600 C). Major sources of wollastonite occur in Romania (Ciclova Romîna), Finland (Pargas), Mexico, the U.S. (Utah, Michigan, California, New York) and Italy (the lavas of Monte Somma and Vesuvius). Wollastonite is used in ceramics, floor tiles, insulators, paints, plastics, and cements. It has also been used as a bubble-free white opacifier in glazes. Wollastonite can form as a decomposition product during glass devitrification.
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|wollastoniteRS.jpg~Raman]]]
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
tabular spar; calcium silicate
== Risks ==
* Inhalation and contact may cause skin, eye and lung irritation.
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Triclinic system with tabular crystals, fibers or masses. 
* Perfect cleavage in two directions. 
* Fluorescent. May be white, gray, yellow, red or brown. 
* Fracture = uneven or splintery. 
* Luster = vitreous to silky. 
* Streak = white
Composition 	CaSiO3
Mohs Hardness 	4.5 - 5.5
Density 	2.8-3.1 g/ml
Refractive Index	1.62 - 1.65
==Resources and Citations==
* Mineralogy Database: Wollastonite
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 133
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* Robert Fournier, Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery, Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "wollastonite." accessed 9 Dec. 2004 . Mohs = 4.5-5
* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wollastonite (Accessed Sept. 20, 2005) Mohs = 5-5.5
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Wongsky

== Description ==
A bright yellow natural dyestuff obtained from the red berry-like fruit of the Gardenia grandiflora that is native to China. Wongsky has been used to dye silk a bright yellow color. The primary colorants in wongsky are crocetin and crocin. Crocetin is a substantive dye that is also found in saffron.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
wongshy; Chinese yellow pods; Chinese yellow berries; Natural Yellow 6; hoang-tchy; crocin; crocetin; Gardenia grandiflora
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Crocetin is soluble in water, ethanol, alkali solutions. 
* Crocetin forms a blue solution in concentrated sulfuric acid.
== Resources and Citations ==
* Helmut Schweppe, Schweppe color collection index and information book
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Gardenia." (Accessed 7 Apr. 2005).
* F. Crace-Calvert, Dyeing and Calico Printing, Palmer & Howe, London, 1876
* Colour Index International online at www.colour-index.org
* Judith Hofenk-de Graaff, Natural Dyestuffs: Origin, Chemical Constitution, Identification, Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science, Amsterdam, 1969
Category:Materials database
WoodEpox

== Description ==
[Abatron, Kenosha WI] A structural adhesive putty composed 2-part epoxy filled with microballoons. WoodEpox® is a high-strength, no-shrink, lightweight, light-colored compound that can be used in any thickness to fill, replace, and repair wood and other materials. It can be painted, stained, sanded and worked like wood. WoodEpox® can be used for structures, floors, windowsills and frames, moldings, moldings, furniture and sculpture. In addition to wood, the product bonds well to ceramics, concrete, metal and glass. The working time is about 20 minutes. According to the manufacturer, WoodEpox® is 100% epoxy and contains no VOCs or water. A companion product, LiquidWood®, may be used for deeper penetration or as a priming layer. WoodEpox® is a permanent treatment for wood and cannot be safely removed.
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Woodepox A FTIR.JPG~WoodEpox A FTIR|Woodepox B FTIR.JPG~WoodEpox B FTIR|Woodepox mix FTIR.JPG~WoodEpox mix FTIR]]]
== Risks ==
* WoodEpoxA is composed of a proprietary diglycidyl ether resin mixture with microballoons. The epoxy base material is a white thixotropic paste that is considered a minor skin irritant with low oral toxicity.
* WoodEpoxB is composed of a proprietary mixture of amines mixed with microballoons. The curing agent is a tan thixotropic paste with a light ammonia odor. Contact may cause extreme eye irritation and minor skin irritation, including contact dermatitis. 
* Abatron WoodEpoxA and WoodEpoxB: [file:///C:/Users/mderr/Downloads/WoodEpox-SDS-3%20(1).pdf SDS]
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
WoodEpox® consists of 2 components: resin paste (A) and hardener paste (B). A well-blended mixture of equal proportions A and B will harden in 1-2 hours to form a lightweight, non-shrinking product that is resistant to chemical, water, heat, and weather.
Product 	WoodEpox® mixture
Form 	100% solids, 1:1 mixture
Tensile Strength 	17.5 Mpa
Compressive Strength	37.9 Mpa
Hardness Shore D 	53-55
Elongation 	4%
==Resources and Citations==
* Abatron : WoodEpox
Category:Materials database
Wood Nettle Hammer Stem, Peel Fiber

Source: Comparative Plant Fiber Collection
WN-001-10-26-09-BF-400X-PM-1-9 	
{| Class="wikitable" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
Source 	bast
Accession Number 	6/23/91 AE.15.4.2-29.2.1-1.8/1/91 (O) 359 #1
Title 	Wood nettle hammer stem and peel fiber
Processing treatment 	hammer and peel
Image Identification information	WN-001-10-26-09-BF-400X-PM-1-9
Image capture 	digital
Date of image capture 	10/26/09
Microscopist 	L. Crawford
Microscope 	Zeiss Axioplan
Microscopic technique 	Brightfield
Fiber size 	wide fiber diameter
Transverse markings 	transverse marks apparent
Cambium 	cambium apparent
WN-002-10-26-09-DF-400X-PM-1-9 	
{| Class="wikitable" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
Source 	bast
Accession Number 	6/23/91 AE.15.4.2-29.2.1-1.8/1/91 (O) 359 #1
Title 	Wood nettle hammer stem and peel fiber
Processing treatment 	hammer and peel
Image Identification information	WN-002-10-26-09-DF-400X-PM-1-9
Image capture 	digital
Date of image capture 	10/26/09
Microscopist 	L. Crawford
Microscope 	Zeiss Axioplan
Microscopic technique 	Darkfield
Fiber size 	wide fiber diameter
Transverse markings 	transverse marks apparent
WN-003-10-26-09-POL-400X-MM-1-9	
{| Class="wikitable" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
Source 	bast
Accession Number 	6/23/91 AE.15.4.2-29.2.1-1.8/1/91 (O) 359 #1
Title 	Wood nettle hammer stem and peel fiber
Processing treatment 	hammer and peel
Image Identification information	WN-003-10-26-09-POL-400X-MM-1-9
Image capture 	digital
Date of image capture 	10/26/09
Microscopist 	L. Crawford
Microscope 	Zeiss Axioplan
Microscopic technique 	Polarized light, fiber at maximum brightness
Fiber size 	wide fiber diameter
Transverse markings 	transverse marks apparent
WN-004-10-26-09-DIC-400X-PM-1-9	
{| Class="wikitable" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
Source 	bast
Accession Number 	6/23/91 AE.15.4.2-29.2.1-1.8/1/91 (O) 359 #1
Title 	Wood nettle hammer stem and peel fiber
Processing treatment 	hammer and peel
Image Identification information	WN-004-10-26-09-DIC-400X-PM-1-9
Image capture 	digital
Date of image capture 	10/26/09
Microscopist 	L. Crawford
Microscope 	Zeiss Axioplan
Microscopic technique 	Differential interference contrast
Fiber size 	wide fiber diameter
Longitudinal markings 	longitudinal marks apparent
Transverse markings 	transverse marks apparent
Category:FRIL
Category: FRIL: Wood Nettle
Category: FRIL: Plant Fibers
Wood filler

== Description ==
A premixed putty used to fill cracks and defects in wood and book boards. Wood fillers are typically composed of finely ground wood flour in a cellulose nitrate binder. They cure to a hard surface that can be sanded, sawed or drilled. Examples of commercial wood fillers are: DAP® Wood Dough, F:IX Wood Patch, and Plastic Wood. Other binders that have been mentioned for wood fillers are carpenter's glue and wheat paste.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
wood paste; Wood Dough [DAP]; Wood Patch [F:IX]; Plastic Wood
==Resources and Citations==
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
* DAP Website: www.dap.cam
Category:Materials database
Wood flour

== Description ==
A fine sawdust that is used as a filler (Bucher 1996).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
sciure (Fr.)
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 877
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
Category:Materials database
Wood preservative

== Description ==
A chemical treatment added to cut wood products to minimize insect and fungal infestations. Wood preservatives are typically applied by spraying, brushing, immersion or pressure treatments. Some of these biocide materials may be toxic to humans. Examples are tar oils (creosote, anthracene oil, chlorinated naphthalenes), copper naphthenate, zinc naphthenate, borates, sodium fluoride, copper chromated arsenate, and formerly, mercuric chloride.
Category:Materials database
Wood pulp

== Description ==
An aqueous mass of wood fibers used for making paper. Wood pulp is produced by either physical grinding (mechanical wood pulp) or by chemical digestion (chemical wood pulp).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
wood-pulp
== Additional Images ==
File:100_Chem. softwood_conif_pol adj.jpg|thumb|Chemical hardwood (non-coniferous)
File:99_Chem. softwood_conif_pol adj.jpg|Chemical softwood (coniferous)
File:98_Mechanical softwood_200X_pol adj.jpg|Mechanical softwood
File:SWBS puget 10x label.jpg|Softwood sulfite paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
File:SUBK 10x2 label.jpg|Softwood kraft paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
File:SWGW 40x label.jpg|Softwood groundwood paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
File:Redoak vessels 10x.jpg|Red oak paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
Sycamore 40x.jpg|American sycamore paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
Redgum 10x.jpg|Red gum paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
==Resources and Citations==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Papermaking." Accessed 15 July 2004.
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 579
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Wood stain

== Description ==
A solution or dispersion that changes the color of a wood surface. Wood stains have transparent or semi-transparent formulas that penetrate the surface allowing the natural grain and texture to remain visible. Early stains were water-based or oil-based. Synthetic resin and latex-based stains appeared on the market after 1940. Wood stains typically fall into one of the following categories: 
1. Chemical reactions: ammonia turns mahogany a rich red; caustic soda can gray or lighten woods such as pine, elm, or oak; potassium dichromate can produce a dark orange color.
2. Organic dyes: turmeric (yellow), ferrotannin (blue-black), alkanet (red), rhodamine (fluorescent red), creosote (black). 
3. Pigment dispersions: iron oxide (red), burnt sienna (mahogany color), vandyke brown (walnut color)
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
wood bleach
==Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
* Tom Rowland, Noel Riley, A-Z Guide to Cleaning, Conserving and Repairing Antiques, Constable and Co., Ltd., London, 1981
Category:Materials database
Wood tar

== Description ==
A thick, black resinous product obtained from the destructive distillation of pine or other resinous woods. Wood tar was used as a source for alcohol and turpentine prior to WWI. It has also been used as a preservative and insect repellent.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
wood-tar; goudron de bois (Fr.); vegetable tar; pine tar
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 801
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Wood turpentine

== Description ==
An industrial solvent produced by the steam distillation of ground up pine logs and stumps. Wood turpentine has a strong odor. It primarily contains pinene along with diipentene, limonene and terpinene. Wood turpentine is commercially used as a solvent paint solvent and thinner as well as a raw material in the production of synthetic resins, insecticides, oil additives, pine oil and camphor. Wood turpentine is not sold for artists use since it is not as pure as gum spirits of turpentine and may contain oily residues.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Swedish turpentine; Finnish turpentine; Polish turpentine; Russian turpentine; steam distilled wood turpentine; wood spirits of turpentine
Category:Materials database
Woodblock

== Description ==
A single piece of wood. Woodblocks were carved into sculptures and engraved to produce printing plates and movable printing type.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
wood block; wood-block; woodcut
== Additional Images ==
File:36.624-SC27496.jpg|WoodblockMFA# 36.624
File:50.2879-C44466CR-d1.jpg|Woodblock printMFA# 50.2879
File:RES 54.5-CON13491.jpg|Lining paper
File:09.72-E8980CR-d1.jpg|Single woodblock figureMFA# 09.72
==Resources and Citations==
* Luis Nadeau, Encyclopedia of Printing, Photographic, and Photomechanical Processes, Atelier, New Brunswick, 1997
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodblock (Accessed Nov. 29, 2005)
Category:Materials database
Woodcut

== Description ==
A relief printing technique for printmaking in which knives and other tools are used to carve a design into the surface of a wooden block. The parts of the image meant to be printed are left level with the surface of the block. For printing, ink is rolled onto the surface, then transferred to paper or fabric by either rubbing (print laying above the inked surface of the block) or stamping (print laying below the inked surface of the block). For woodcuts, the block is cut along the wood grain (unlike wood engraving, where the block is cut in the end-grain). 
== Images ==
File:57.356-SC43870.jpg|Two color woodcutMFA# 57.356
File:61.1243-SC27650.jpg|Modern woodcutMFA# 61.1243
File:57.83-SC73109.jpg|Boxwood woodcutMFA#57.83
File:57.83.det.jpg|Boxwood woodcut detailMFA#57.83
File:SC31407.jpg|thumb|Chiaroscuro woodcutMFA# 1985.806
File:1985.806.det.jpg|Chiaroscuro woodcut detailMFA#1985.806
==Resources and Citations==
* MetMuseum: Woodcut
* Wikipedia: Woodcut
Category:Materials database