People-Process-Data-Technology Framework

== Acronym ==
2PDT
== Alternate name(s) ==
People-Process-Data-Technology
== Main dependent construct(s)/factor(s) ==
System Development
== Main independent construct(s)/factor(s) ==
People Paradigm
Process Paradigm
Data Paradigm
Technology Paradigm
== Concise description of theory ==
People-Process-Data-Technology (2PDT) is a system development framework that aims to understand the factors required for effective system development. It was initially proposed by Monshizada et al. (2021) and examined in the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. It has since been available for use.
Justified by its agility, rigour, dynamicity, and completeness, the 2PDT provides an effective framework that supports and improves development of systems. The agility comes from the expectation that the 2PDT can be easily integrated into existing organisational settings for developing systems. The rigour is provided by following an accepted research design. Dynamicity is provided with continuous improvement being an important part of the framework to make it inherently adaptable to cope with change and progress made in the system development domain. Finally, the completeness comes from bringing together a combination of existing theory and data collected from case studies to conceptualise the framework.
== Diagram/schematic of theory ==
== Originating author(s) ==
Monshizada S., Sarbazhosseini H. & Mohammadian M.
== Seminal article(s) ==
Monshizada, S, Sarbazhosseini, H & Mohammadian, M 2021, 'Conceptualising Management of Artificial Intelligence in Terms of People, Process, Data and Technology', paper presented to Australasian Conference on Information Systems Proceedings, Sydney, Australia, 6-10 December.
Monshizada, S., Sarbazhosseini, H., & Mohammadian, M. 2023. 'Development of Artificial Intelligence Systems in terms of People-Process-Data-Technology (2PDT)', Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems, vol. 15: no. 4.
Monshizada, S, Sarbazhosseini, H & Mohammadian, M 2023, 'Conceptualising Artificial Intelligence System Development in terms of People-Process-Data-Technology (2PDT): Results from Government Case Studies', paper presented to Australasian Conference on Information Systems Proceedings, Wellington, New Zealand, 5-8 December.
Monshizada, S, Sarbazhosseini, H & Mohammadian, M 2024, 'Artificial Intelligence System Development: Common Enabling Themes from Case Studies', paper presented to Australasian Conference on Information Systems Proceedings, Canberra, Australia, 4-6 December (in press). 
== Originating area ==
Information Systems
== Level of analysis ==
Organisations
== Links from this theory to other theories ==
System development lifecycle (SDLC) (Mantei & Teorey 1989; Valacich, George & Hoffer 2004; Zhang, P et al. 2005)
IS Design Science Framework (Hevner et al. 2004)
== IS articles that use the theory ==
Zetterberg, A. and Pettersson Palestro, S., 2024. The way forward, humans and AI together?: Investigating the use of AI as an enabler in digital transformation initiatives.
Fukas, P. and Thomas, O., 2023. Developing a Reference Model for Artificial Intelligence Management. In ECIS.
== References ==
Monshizada, S, Sarbazhosseini, H & Mohammadian, M 2021, 'Conceptualising Management of Artificial Intelligence in Terms of People, Process, Data and Technology', paper presented to Australasian Conference on Information Systems Proceedings, Sydney, Australia, 6-10 December.
== Contributor(s) ==
Sahber Monshizada - University of Canberra, Australia
Hamed Sarbazhosseini - University of Canberra, Australia
Masoud Mohammadian - University of Canberra, Australia
Date last updated
8 December, 2024
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