nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Ocher

== Description ==
Any of several naturally occurring earth pigments containing clay and iron oxide. Ochers range in color from pale yellow to orange to deep red. The yellow and brown colors are produced from hydrated iron oxide and the reds from anhydrous iron oxide. Yellow ocher can also be calcined at 550-600 C to form red ocher. Depending on their originating location, ochers can contain small amounts of sand, chalk, gypsum, barite, and silicates that produce variations in color and tinting strength. All ochers, however, are very durable, inert, and lightfast. They have been used since ancient times as permanent pigments in all types of paint media. They are also used as colorants in ceramic slips and glazes. Ocher is often added as a reducing agent in luster glazes.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
haematite; limonite; ochre (Br.); ocre (Fr., Port.); Examples include: golden ochre; English ocher; Roman ochre; sienna; oro de ocre; Oxford ochre; terra di pozzuoli; terra rosa; red chalk; bole; red iron ore; iron oxide red; bolus; sinopia; rubica; ruddle; Venetian red; Indian red; light red
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Density 	2.9-4.0 g/ml
Refractive Index	2.05-2.31; 2.08-2.40
== Resources and Citations ==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966 Comment: density = 2.9-4.0 and ref. index = [2.0-isolated particles] 2.05-2.31; 2.08-2.40; )
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 557
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* R.D. Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: density=3.5
Category:Materials database
Oconee granite

== Description ==
A coarse grain, buff-colored granite with gray and black markings. Named for a nearby river, Oconee granite is quarried in Green County Georgia. Examples of buildings constructed with Oconee granite include the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles, the Department of Treasury in Washington DC, and Chanel Headquarters in New York.
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Water absorption by weight = 0.25-0.3%
== Additional Images ==
File:Chanel - Close up straight.jpg|Chanel Headquarters, New York, NY
File:Dsc00176.jpg|Oconee granite
File:DSC00179.jpg|Oconee granite
==Resources and Citations==
* Website: www.findstone.com/daniel3.htm ; water absorption 0.24-0.3% by weight
* National Building Granite Quarries Association at http://www.nbgqa.com/color.htm
Category:Materials database
Ocoté pine

== Description ==
The Central American name for a slash pine, Pinus caribea. The slash pine is an important source of turpentine and rosin. It is also used for paper pulp. The slash pine has coarse-grain, resinous wood. It is sometimes used for lumber and millwork.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Pinus caribea; ocote pine; slash pine; Cuban pine; swamp pine; Caribbean pine; southern yellow pine
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 613
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
Category:Materials database
Odd beetle

== Description ==
A yellowish-white beetle, Thylodrias contractus. The odd beetle larvae eat natural fibers such as silk, wool, and cotton. The adult insects are about 2 to 3 millimeters long and can live up to 50 days. They lay eggs that hatch in 2 to 4 days. The larvae have a c-shaped brown body and grow in length to 3 mm. The larval stage lasts 242 to 338 days.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Thylodrias contractus
==Resources and Citations==
* MuseumPests.net: Odd Beetle
* Rosalie Rosso King, Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985
* Lynda A. Zycherman, J.Richard Schrock, A Guide to Museum Pest Control, FAIC and Association of Systematics Collections, Washington DC, 1988
Category:Materials database
Oddy test

== Description ==
A low cost, non-specific test used to detect potentially hazardous gases emitted in a closed environment. The Oddy test was first suggested by Andrew Oddy, British Museum, in 1973. It involves placing clean metal coupons in a sealed container with the test material (wood, paint, adhesive, cloth, etc.). Optimal experimental conditions usually include exposing 2 grams of test material to at least two or three metals (lead, silver and copper) in a sealed glass flask for 4 weeks (28 days) at 60 degrees Celsius. The flask should also contain a cotton ball soaked with 2 ml deionized water as a source of humidity (Green and Thickett 1995). Following the test, the coupons are visually inspected for corrosion and tarnishing.
For consolidated results of some Oddy tests, please see: AIC Wiki: Oddy test
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Oddy-Test (Deut.); test d'Oddy (Fr.); accelerated corrosion test
==Resources and Citations==
* L.R.Green, D.Thickett, "Testing Materials for Use in the Storage and Display of Antiquities. A Revised Methodology" Studies in Conservation, 40(3), 1995, p.145-152. 
* W.A.Oddy, "An unsuspected danger in display", Museum Journal 73, 1973, p.27-28.
* British Museum Oddy Test Database at http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/publications/research_publications_series/2004/selection_of_materials.aspx
* Pam Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype Press, London, 2002.
Category:Materials database
Odorant

== Description ==
A strong smelling substance that is added to another material. Some odorants are used to obscur an offensive odor. For example, essential oil odorants are sometimes added to watercolor paints that have a fish glue binder. Other times odorants are added to a material to provide a warning of its presence. For example mercaptan derivatives are added to natural gas so that leaks can be quickly detected. Examples of essential oils used as odorants are lemon oil, cedar oil, and clove oil.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
oloroso (Esp.)
==Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Offgas

== Description ==
The evolution of gases from a solid material. The gases may be due to the volatilization of solvents, plasticizers, or small organic compounds inherent in the solid. For example, oak will slowly emit organic acids as it ages, while some plywoods offgas formaldehyde. Other gases may be produced as a paint dries, an adhesive cures, or a material degrades. 
See also outgas.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
off-gas; offgassing
Category:Materials database
Offset ink

== Description ==
An ink used in an indirect image printing process called offset lithography. Developed about 1870, this double printing process first transfers the image from a metal plate to a rubber roller, then from the roller to the final paper print. Offset inks are generally thinner and dry faster than lithograph inks. Colored inks are often used for offset lithography. Offset prints may be mass produced.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
litho offset ink; offset litho; offset printing; photo-litho
==Resources and Citations==
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "printmaking" [Accessed May 5, 2004].
* Luis Nadeau, Encyclopedia of Printing, Photographic, and Photomechanical Processes, Atelier, New Brunswick, 1997
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Ogelsby Blue granite

== Description ==
A fine-grain, azure blue color biotite granite quarried in Georgia (Bucher 1996). Ogelsby blue granite polishes to a high gloss.
==Resources and Citations==
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Frank A. Lent, Trade names and Descriptions of Marbles, Limestones, Sandstones, Granites and Other Building Stones Quarried in the United States Canada and other Countries., Stone Publishing Co, New York, 1925
Category:Materials database
Ogon/Koganeyanagi (Chinese skullcap) - center (161 C)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_06-18-2009_161.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 161
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 2nd shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| center (161 C)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| dark brown
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 黄芩 : Ogon / Koganeyanagi
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (English common name)
| Chinese skullcap
|-
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (botanical name)
| Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| root /dried (?)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| iron
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ogon/Koganeyanagi (Chinese skullcap) - left (160 L)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_06-18-2009_160.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 160
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 2nd shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| left (160 L)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| yellow brown
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 黄芩 : Ogon / Koganeyanagi
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (English common name)
| Chinese skullcap
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (botanical name)
| Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| root /dried (?)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| lime
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| is read as Koganeyanagi in Japanese. This dyeing technique is what is called "Gagina-some" in the Ryku islands.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ogon/Koganeyanagi (Chinese skullcap) - right (160 R)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_06-18-2009_160.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 160
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 2nd shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| right (160 R)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| yellow
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 黄芩 : Ogon / Koganeyanagi
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (English common name)
| Chinese skullcap
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (botanical name)
| Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| root /dried (?)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| alum
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| is read as Koganeyanagi in Japanese. This dyeing technique is what is called "Gagina-some" in the Ryku islands.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ohbako - left (372 L)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_10-08-2009_372.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 372
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 5th shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| left (372 L)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| pale cream
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 車前草 : Ohbako
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (botanical name)
| Plantago asiatica L.
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| leaf, stem, root / unspecified
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water (?)
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| alum
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| The resultant color was unsatisfactory. According to Mr. Shoichi Gotoh (), the plant from England would produce yellow on cotton fabrics when mordanted with alum.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ohketade - left (321 L)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_09-10-2009_321.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 321
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 4th shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| left (321 L)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| beige
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 大毛蓼 : Ohketade
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (botanical name)
| Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach (Polygonum orientale L.)
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| root / dried (?)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| iron
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| Another name of this plant is Bebikusa ( / ). Its dyeing property is poor. Since ancient time, to explain about Itadori (Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr. var. japonica (Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold et Zucc.)), often the name of this plant was used because of its similar appearance.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ohketade - right (321 R)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_09-10-2009_321.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 321
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 4th shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| right (321 R)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| pale gray
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 大毛蓼 : Ohketade
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (botanical name)
| Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach (Polygonum orientale L.)
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| root / dried (?)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| lime water
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| Another name of this plant is Bebikusa ( / ). Its dyeing property is poor. Since ancient time, to explain about Itadori (Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr. var. japonica (Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold et Zucc.)), often the name of this plant was used because of its similar appearance.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Oil

== Description ==
A general name for a wide variety of viscous liquids that are obtained from mineral, vegetable, animal and synthetic substances. In general, oils are slippery, combustible liquids that are immiscible in water. In the 1800s, oil were classified as either volatile or fixed. Currently oils are further subdivided by function and type. One classification scheme is as follows (with examples): 
* Mineral - aliphatic (mineral oil) or aromatic (crude oil) 
* Vegetable - drying (linseed), semidrying (soybean) or nondrying (castor) 
* Animal - fats (lard), liquid (fish oil) 
* Essential - odorous oils from plants (turpentine, clove, lemon, camphor) 
* Edible - plant oil used in food products (olive, soybean, corn)
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
aceite (Esp.); huile (Fr.); olio (It.)
==Physical and ChemicalProperties ==
* Many oils are soluble in ethanol and insoluble in water. 
* Drying oils often have a bright yellow autofluorescence that decreases with age 
* Non-fluorescent detection agents for oil: Sudan Black B 
* Fluorescent detection agents for oil: Rhodamine B; dichlorofluorescein
==Resources and Citations==
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
Category:Materials database
Oil color

== Description ==
A paint made by grinding pigments with a drying oil such as linseed oil. Commercial paints called Oil Colors usually have a high concentration of pigment that forms a smooth, buttery consistency and are used as tinting media. These paints may include additional ingredients, such as a stabilizer or plasticizer.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
oil paint; oil colour; oil colors
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
* Thins with turpentine
== Comparisons ==
Category:Materials database
Oil crayon

== Description ==
A soft pigmented, wax/oil-based drawing stick. Oil crayons are made with nondrying oil and pigment or dye dispersed in a wax (such as paraffin or microcrystalline) base. The oil softens the stick such that is works with almost any kind of paper or canvas. Oil pastels produce a soft, nondrying film that can be blended easily. There are various other additives that are included in the core to give each pencil a unique color, texture, and many other characteristics.
==Synonyms and Related Terms==
oil pastel, paint stick
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Soluble in most petroleum and chlorinated hydrocarbons.
==Resources and Citations==
* M.Holben Ellis, M.Brigitte Yeh, "Categories of Wax-based Drawing Media" WAAC Newsletter, Vol 19(3), 1997. 
* M.H.Ellis, "Oil Pastel", in Media and Techniques of Works of Art on Paper, New York University Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York, 1999.
Category:Materials database
Oil gilding

== Description ==
A gilding process in which gold leaf is applied over a thin layer of a drying oil. The drying oil may be composed of linseed oil, an oil-resin, an oil-wax or urushiol. Oil gilding was used for small areas of paintings and for lacquer ware.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
dorado al mixtión; dorado a la sisa (Esp.)
Category:Materials database
Oil paint

== Description ==
A slow-drying paint made by grinding pigments with a drying oil, such as linseed oil, primarily used to create a work of art.. Because it is slow- drying, the paint may easily be modified or blended after application. Oil paints are thinned with turpentine or white spirit, and varnish may be added to increase the glossiness of the dried oil paint film. 
Oil paints were first used in Asia as early as the 7th century AD and can be seen in examples of Buddhist paintings in Afghanistan. Oil-based paints made their way to Europe by the 12th century and were used for simple decoration, but oil painting did not begin to be adopted as an artistic medium there until the early 15th century. Common modern applications of oil paint are in finishing and protection of wood in buildings and exposed metal structures such as ships and bridges (Wikipedia, 2002). 
After 1940, many oil paints contained alkyd binders to provide faster drying times.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
oil color; oil paints; oil stain; peinture à l'huile (Fr.); pintura al óleo (Esp.); tinta de óleo (Port.)
== Comparisons ==
==Resources and Citations==
* Wikipedia: Oil paint Accessed Sept. 2022
* ASTM, "Standard Terminology Relating to Paint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related Products", Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Section 6, Paints, Related Coatings and Aromatics, ASTM, D16, 7-Jan, Jul-96
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Oil pastel

== Description ==
A soft pigmented, wax/oil-based drawing stick. Oil pastels contain a pigment or dye dispersed in a wax (such as paraffin or microcrystalline) base that is softened with a nondrying oil such as coconut oil or mineral oil. They may also contain tallow, stearic acid, and glycerol as well as fillers such as calcium carbonate. Oil pastels produce a soft, nondrying film that can be blended easily. They were first introduced as children's crayons in Japan in 1925.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
pastel crayon; oil crayon; Cray-Pas® [Sakura]; craypas (sp); Sketchos [Prang]
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Soluble in most petroleum and chlorinated hydrocarbons.
== Risks ==
Halos may form when used on absorbent material. Bloom may form on surface. Some colors are not lightfast.
== Additional Images ==
File:Cray_pas_oil_pastel_det.jpg|Cray-Pas Expressionist oil pastels
File:oil pastel2.jpg|Oil pastel
==Resources and Citations==
* M.Holben Ellis, M.Brigitte Yeh, "Categories of Wax-based Drawing Media" WAAC Newsletter, Vol 19(3), 1997. 
* M.H.Ellis, "Oil Pastel", in Media and Techniques of Works of Art on Paper, New York University Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York, 1999.
Category:Materials database
Oil stain

== Description ==
A semitransparent oil paint that does not contain opaque pigments. Oil stain is used to protect and color wood.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
teinture à l'huile (Fr.); tinte al aceite (Esp.); pittura all'olio (It)
==Resources and Citations==
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Oil tanned leather

== Description ==
An old tannage method in which an oxidizable oil or fat is rubbed into an animal skin. Raw cod liver oil, animal fats and egg yolks have been used. The oil or fat undergoes an exothermic oxidation reaction in which it combines with the skin fibers. chamois leather is tanned with cod liver oils. Eskimos used a paste made from brains, liver, and hot water to tan leather.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
oil tannage; pele curtida a óleo (Port.); cuero curtido al aceite (Esp.); pele curtida a oleo (Port.)
==Resources and Citations==
* H.Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986.
Category:Materials database
Oil varnish

== Description ==
Any protective coating that contains a drying oil, such as tung oil or linseed oil. Some early resin-oil varnish recipes in the 12th century contained a resin, such as sandarac, amber, or copal, dissolved in a boiled linseed oil. Oil varnishes dry by polymerization producing a tough, insoluble film. They have a dark initial color that darkens more with age. When used on oil paintings, they may cause cracking and wrinkling of the paint layers. Long-oil varnishes, such as spar varnish, have a high proportion of drying oil. Short-oil varnishes have a lower proportion.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
vernis à l'huile (Fr.); barniz al aceite (Esp.); vernice cotta (It); 
Examples include: cooked oil varnish; hard oil varnish; linseed oil varnish; oil resin varnish;
==Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Paint in America, Robert Moss (ed.), John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1994 Comment: Ian Bristow "House Painting in Britain"
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database