Met Box Visualization System

Design a remote visualization system needed in a hot-cell with a high radiation dose level to enable real time remote monitoring of microscopy equipment. The equipment inside is only accessible via robotic manipulators operated outside of the hot-cell and thus the system must be design to this parameter.
=Problem Definition=
Idaho National Laboratories has a hot cell like environment known as a Met Box. This Met Box has only one clear view into it, through the front window. Operators work microscopes and hardness tester from either side of the box without any view of their machinery. The operators need to have a way to determine the motions of their machinery in the Met Box without having to move from their stations.
==Background==
The Idaho National Laboratory is a government facility and is the nation’s leading center for nuclear energy research and development This research is extremely important and valuable for a variety of people, institutions, and for the advancement in the nuclear field. 
Our project sponsored by the Material Fuels Complex facility at the INL is to create a remote visualization system needed in a hot cell to enable real-time remote monitoring of several microscopes and a microhardness tester. The current visualialization system, is composed of two parts. The first being a window in which the operator setting the samples on the microscopes and microhardness tester. The operator does not have a view over the top of the two devices to view the outputs. The second part of the current system, is a workstation located around the corner of the hot cell from the window where readouts from the microscopes and microhardness tester are displayed. This current system lends itself to miscommunication when testing.
==Deliverables==
Our system will enable both the operator and the workstation user to have direct line of sight over the top of the microscopes and microhardness tester. These improvements will allow the MFC facility to more efficiently and properly characterize materials used everyday in the nuclear industry, which will inturn advance research and development overall.
==Specifications==
The design of the met box visualization system must meet the following requirements:
* System must be introduced to the Met Box in some form through a 20 inch porthole in the top of the Met Box. 
* System is to be handled and constructed by two manipulators that are operated from outside the box. 
* Manipulators have a maximum weight restraint of 10 pounds, with a recommended actual usage restraint of 6-5.
* Electrical ports are located in the back left corner of the box, and as such any necessary wires must exit from this port. 
* The maximum manipulator clamp extension is 10 ¼ inches.
* The system must be able to withstand radiation dose levels within the met box.
* The system needs to last 2200 hours with a maximum usage of 110V of electricity.
* The visualization System must be able to acquire multiple views of the different equipment.
=Project Learning=
==Shielding Materials==
===Half Value Layer===
When considering the type of shileding material that we needed to use in the design of the visualization project we needed to consider the half-value layer(HVL) of the given material. The half-value layer is the thickness of material requried to reduce the intensity of radiation by half. To do so the equation below was used.
* I = incident energy
* Io = transmitted eneryg
* μ = mass attenuation constant 
* x = thickness
When (I) divided by (Io) is equal to 0.5, x will be the half value layer. An HVL calculator was created to determine the HVL of materials from the specific Gamma radiation found within the Met Box.
===Materials===
For the basic outer shielding three separate materials were considered: stainless steel, lead and tungsten. There half value layers and prices are shown below.
* Stainless Steel
** HVL: 2.16cm
** Price: $0.30/lb
* Lead
** HVL: 1.25cm
** Price: $0.87/lb
*Tungsten
** HVL: 0.85cm
** Price: $22.07/lb
For the outer shielding stainless steel was the material chosen. The resistance may be the lowest of the three, but it is not likely that resistance will need to be that high. As such, the cheapest option of stainless steel was chosen.
For the lens a material known as Clear View Radiation Shielding will be in use. The material itself was recommended by Idaho National Laboratories and is made by the company radium. It is and extremely light, non-toxic polycarbonate material that contains a liquid solution inside. The the density of the overall material is 2.23 g/cc and the HVL is approximately 1.5in. The material typically comes in a housing of 816 Stainless Steel, but can be given an additional perimeter of polycarbonate to keep it contained. 
Finally there is a type of radiation produced by the reaction of gamma rays and the outer shielding metals called bremsstrahlung radiation. This requires that metal shielding used in the product to be accompanied with a secondary layer of a less dense material, namely plastic. One such material that could be used is a material known as Densetec. It is a high density polyethylene that is 5% boron that is easy to machine. This material would compose an inner layer for the shielding that the visualization system requires. 
COLUMN1	COLUMN2
180px 	ClearView Panel
180px 	Densetec
==Cameras==
The criteria I have been using to look for cameras comes from our requirements include a camera that can zoom, and ideally has the capability to adjust the angle to view. All of the cameras have the ability to zoom, however, some do no have the capability to adjust the angle. We could potentially correct this by manually adjusting the angle with the manipulator, or include and additional system that does this independently. I have includes links to the different cameras below. 
Cameras Researched
* [ RT-200 ] : This camera has the ability to zoom to our specifications and can adjust the angle of view.
* [ R941 Compact Nuclear Zoom Camera ] : This camera is one that cannot adjust the angle, but does have the capability to zoom. This is a small rad camera, so shielding would most likely not be needed. The only issue is that it might be very expensive.
==Tripods & Mounting Equipment==
Three design concepts were initially developed for the project.
* Octopus Legged Tripod
* Preadjusted Tripod
* Electromagnet wall mount
I learned that the max height for a Octopus tripod sold today is around 14 inches. Our design needs to have a height of at least 24 inches to view the microscope or hardness tester. So this design will not work.
Preadjusted tripods should work for the height requirement of 24 inches. However this design does not meet the spatial requirement for transferring objects into the Met Box. Could potentially modify one to fit the spatial requirements.
There are a wide range of electromagnets that could handle the load of the system. Information from INL proved that the sides of cell were magnet. But the system’s electronics would likely fail due to radiation, so this concept is not sufficient. 
=Designs=
For the design review we presented three different designs:
===Design 1===
* The camera and shielding are separate pieces to the rest of the system
* Includes four or more permanent posts in which the shielding and camera attachment can be stuck to with a simple slide connection system
* Multiple angles are achieved using a gyro that is attached to the camera and shielding part, and these angles are achieved mechanically with the manipulators.
* Each of the mounts include two Neodymium magenets that can be shut off at any time using manipulators.
* Wiring and weight must be taken into account when designing the system
===Design 2===
* Movable system that all comes as a single piece, camera, chielding and mount all as one.
* Mount is made of 3D printed material, making it cheap and easy to replace.
* The entire system can be completely moved at any time making it easy to achieve many customize able angles.
* System is attached to the wall using several Neodymium magnets that can be shut off at any time.
* Weight is a serious concern due to the system being all one piece.
===Design 3===
* The mount includes a modified off shelf tripod purchased from amazon that sets at a price of $25.
* Due to the tripod being positioned on the ground, wiring does not impact the design very much.
* Angles can easily be achieved due to a handle that comes with the tripod itself.
* The shielding and tripod come as two separate pieces that are put together using a simple pin system.
* Height could be an issue as the tripod height is limited to 2ft.
=Final Design=
Our final design includes three separate designs: Arm, Post and Camera/Shielding. The Arm and Post come in one piece of approximately 2.75 lbs and the Camera/Shielding comes in one piece of about 6.61 lbs as well.
===Arm===
The arm piece includes two specific ball joints. The ball joints are both of British G 1/2" threads and have a female and male side to them. In the design, both female sides of the ball joints will be screwed into a brass bar of the same threads. The male end closer to the post will simply be screwed into a tapped region on the given post. The ball joint closer to the camera will be put into a converter, which itself converts the unconventional G1/2" threads to the universal 1/2" threads. From the converter a piece will be included that allows for the screw included with the basket.
===Post===
The post piece is made out of a layer of 1/4" stainless steel, that will be manufactured from a bigger sheet to make the shielding as well. On this post piece will be two magnets, inserted through cut holes and then screwed into place. The magnets have the ability to be switched off using a switch, and are neodymium magnets that are capable of withstanding a load of 50lbs. On top of the magnet pieces is a little lever meant to improve usability of the magnets themselves. The section meant for connecting to the arm piece will be tapped and threaded for placement. The end of the post will be bent into the wall in order to keep stability of the post. Finally at the bottom a hydraulic strut will be attached that is used to help carry the load of the camera.
===Camera/Shielding===
The camera used is a Marshall CV350-10XB that weighs 375g. The camera will wrapped with low density aluminum foil in order to prevent bremsstrahlung radiation from damaging the camera. Surrounding the camera is 6 1/4" stainless steel plates that are meant to reduce incoming radiation by 20% and are bolted together. In front of the camera there is a 2.5" * 2.5" * 2.5" block of ClearView radiation shielding. The shielding is meant to reduce incoming radiation by 80%, which is integral to protect the optical electronic pieces of the camera. This ClearView piece will press-fitted into the shielding so that it remains stationary. The camera has external wiring of USB2 for regular use and HDMI or 3G/HD-SD for the zoom ability. The camera itself has the ability to gain 10X optical zoom if necessary. The back electronics will be wrapped with aluminum foil to an extent where they remain safe enough from radiation will facing away from it most of the time. A tab is included on the top shielding piece to give easy maneuverability for manipulators. Total weight of all components is 6.61 lbs. 
===Basket===
The Camera/Shielding piece is to be carried by a 14 gauge 5052 Aluminum baskets. This allows the camera/shielding piece to be completely removed from the rest of the system, as it is no loner attached by screw or latch it is simply placed. Aluminum basket will be tapped to allow for both the arm piece and the hydraulic strut to be screwed in. Tabs are created to allow for this tapping process. Also an additional tab is added on the outer side of the system to allow the manipulators to more easily move the camera.
=Product=
===Validation===
The system was created with acrylic stand-in for the ClearView Panel. 
* Optical functions work correctly and are able to achieve 10X zoom.
* Comes in two pieces: 9.36 pounds total. Camera/Shielding is a total of 6.61 lbs, and the rest weighs a total of 2.75 lbs.
* 19% radiation reduction from Stainless Steel.
* 68% radiation reduction from ClearView Panel. Total Radiation toward Front is 24 krad over 6 months.
* Camera provides clear image through radiation protection medium to a separate monitor.
===Testing===
Testing did occur to prove the validation of the Met Box System. Electronic testing was provided to find how the camera could operate. The provided camera comes with its own software and is able to be used on any monitor through an HDMI port. with a separate or wired controller one can also operate the zoom function of the camera. 
Weight testing proved to be the most challenging. Initial designs only included the arm piece with the ball joints. This proved detrimental as the arm piece could not even handle the moment of its own weight. As such the hydraulic strut was included. Other testing showed that the implementation of the hydraulic strut could have been better. While the system does hold itself, the camera leans frontward. This is due to the hydraulic strut being attached on a tab to the side of the basket rather than under the basket where the center of gravity would be.
Magnets also do not seem to hold efficiently enough and are suspect to sliding. The 6o lb strength of the magnets is simply not enough for the moment created by the system. Using one or two more magnets might suffice for the system.
=Team Members=
 	David Severud 
Major:Mechanical Engineering
Hometown: Poulsbo, WA 
Graduation Date: May 2019 
Future Goals:'Find a job in industry.'
Email: seve6895@vandal.uidaho.edu
 	Nick Sentieri
Major: Mechanical Engineering
Hometown:'Idaho Falls, ID' 
Graduation Date:'May 2019' 
Future Goals:'Eventually returning to Italy to work as an engineer.'
Email:'sent5264@vandals.uidaho.edu'
thumb|left	Jack Armstrong
Major:Materials Science & Engineering
Hometown: Bend, OR 
Graduation Date: May 2019 
Future Goals: Work in industry with nuclear materials.
Email: arms6548@vandals.uidaho.edu
=Additional Documentation=
Project Schedule
Meeting Minutes
Manufacturing Plan
Presentations
Poster