nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
AsiaNext

AsiaNext is an institutional global exchange for digital assets, co-founded by SBI Digital Asset Holdings Co., Ltd. (SBI DAH) and SIX Group AG (SIX). The platform is headquartered in Singapore and specializes in the tokenization and trading of a wide array of securities and non-bankable assets. Its services include listing, trading, clearing, settlement, and custody.
== History ==
AsiaNext was established in 2021 in response to the growing demand among institutions for a secure and regulatory-compliant venue to trade digital assets. Its operations and business activities fall under the regulatory oversight of the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), adhering to strict standards of corporate governance and internal controls.
== Products and Services ==
=== Features and Capabilities ===
The platform is designed to accommodate low latency and high-frequency trading, operating 24/7 to meet the requirements of institutional-grade trading. In 2023, AsiaNext received its Capital Markets Services (CMS) license and Regulated Market Operator (RMO) license from MAS, enabling it to expand its offerings in the digital asset space.
=== Regulatory Compliance ===
AsiaNext operates in compliance with the regulations set forth by the Monetary Authority of Singapore. The platform's adherence to rigorous regulatory standards aims to ensure a safe and transparent trading environment for institutional participants.
===Affiliations===
AsiaNext is a member of the Alternative Investments Management Association (AIMA), a global association with over 2,100 corporate members across more than 60 countries. The exchange is also a member of the Futures Industry Association.
Hidden Road and AsiaNext announced a partnership, which will allow Hidden Road to use its capabilities in prime brokerage, execution and financing solutions to mitigate counterparty credit risks for clients.
On 17 August 2023, Colt Technology Services, a digital infrastructure company based in London, UK, announced its partnership with AsiaNext. This collaboration aims to enhance AsiaNext's trading infrastructure for digital securities and crypto derivatives by utilizing Colt's advanced digital infrastructure solutions, including Multicast Market Data in the Cloud and PrizmNet. This partnership marks the first instance of AsiaNext integrating Colt's solutions to offer secure, high-performance trading capabilities, effectively bridging the gap between traditional finance and the trading of secure digital assets.
=== Expansion Plans ===
Following the acquisition of necessary licenses from MAS, AsiaNext plans to enhance and broaden its range of services in the digital asset market.
== Key People ==
*Chong Kok Kee, Chief Executive Officer
*Neil Thomas, Chief Commercial Officer
*Yuen Keng Yin, Chief Technology Officer
*Chua Kah Hau, Chief Compliance Officer
==Video==
== References ==
Category:Digital Asset Exchanges
Category:Digital Asset Clearing
Category:Digital Asset Listing
Asia Pacific Exchange (APEX)

The Asia Pacific Exchange (APEX), Singapore's third derivatives exchange, began trading on May 25, 2018 with the launch of palm olein futures. The mainly China-backed exchange also offers contracts in crude, palm oil, USD/RMB and fuel oil.
APEX's major shareholders include the Chinese conglomerate CEFC China Energy, which holds a 20 percent stake, Chinese futures commission merchant Hong Kong Xinhu Investment Co. and Shanghai Chaos Investment. APEX CEO Eugen Zhu is also an investor.
APEX’s product plans include futures and options contracts in both commodity and financial derivatives products, on agriculture, energy, petrochemicals, metals, foreign exchange, interest rates, bonds and stock indexes. It is committed to supporting the “One Belt One Road” initiative focusing on connectivity and cooperation between Eurasian countries.
The exchange was ranked 43rd by volume globally with 4.08 million contracts traded in 2021, according to the Futures Industry Association's Annual Volume Survey.
== Products ==
APEX's palm olein futures are U.S. dollar-denominated and physically settled on a Free on Board (FOB) basis at Pasir Gudang and Port Klang in Malaysia, while in Indonesia, they are for delivery at Belawan and Dumai ports. China is the world's No.2 buyer of palm oil, with the commodity making up about 70 percent of its edible oil imports.
== Contract Volume ==
{| cellpadding="5" cellspacing="1" style="background:#FFFFFF;"
|- align="left" style="background:#CCCCCC;"
| Year
|Total Annual Volume
|Percent Change
|- align="left" style="background:#EEEEEE;"
|2021
|4,081,240
|(-) 53.74
|- align="left" style="background:#EEEEEE;"
|2020
|8.823,345
|(-) 31.27
|- align="left" style="background:#EEEEEE;"
|2019
|12,837,384
|50.62
|- align="left" style="background:#EEEEEE;"
|2018
|8,523,228 
|-%
== Key People ==
*Eugene Zhu, Chief Executive Officer
*Lim Hwee Hua Chairman
== References ==
Category:Exchanges
Asia Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association

The Asia Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (ASIFMA) is a broadly based professional advocacy organization that seeks to promote the growth and development of Asia’s debt capital markets and their orderly integration into the global financial system. ASIFMA works to develop more open domestic capital markets, more standardized market practices and a more stable and transparent regulatory environment will help mobilize and redirect the region’s considerable financial savings to support Asia’s continued economic growth and development. ASIFMA is the Asian regional member of the Global Financial Markets Association (GFMA).
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
ASIFMA seeks to enhance the size, liquidity, integrity, and transparency of local and regional over-the-counter (OTC) markets in fixed income securities and other financial instruments.
== Key People ==
Nicholas de Boursac, CEO and Managing Director
== References ==
Category:Industry Associations
Asian and Oceanian Stock Exchanges Federation

The Asian and Oceanian Stock Exchanges Federation (AOSEF) was formed as an official international federation of stock exchanges in 1990.Its purpose is to facilitate the exchange of information and to promote mutual assistance among its members while developing the securities markets in the region.
== History ==
== Membership ==
*Australian Securities Exchange
*Bombay Stock Exchange Limited
*Hong Kong Exchange
*Indonesia Stock Exchange
*Jasdaq Securities Exchange 
*Korea Exchange
*Bursa Malaysia
*National Stock Exchange of India Limited
*New Zealand Exchange
*Osaka Securities Exchange
*Philippine Stock Exchange Inc.
*Shanghai Stock Exchange
*Shenzhen Stock Exchange
*Singapore Exchange
*Taiwan Stock Exchange
*Stock Exchange of Thailand
*Tokyo Stock Exchange Group
== Leadership ==
*Secretary General, Toshitsugu Shimuzu
== References ==
category:Industry Associations
Asma Awass

__NOTOC__ 
Asma Awass is a finance student at the University of Illinois at Chicago. She served as a content intern for John Lothian News in 2023 and 2024 as the host of the Options Discovery video series. She replaced Alex Teng as host of Options Discovery after Teng graduated from UIC.
Awass is also an intern for the Business Services Collective and a market assistant for Experimental Station. 
== Background ==
At UIC, Awass is a member of the finance club and the boxing club. 
== Education ==
In the fall of 2023, Awass began her junior year at UIC. Her skills include a professional presence, improvisation, presentation skills, public speaking, Microsoft Excel, analytical skills, communication, creative problem solving, Microsoft Word and Microsoft PowerPoint.
== References ==	
Category:Interns
Assent

Assent LLC, a subsidiary of SunGard Data Systems is a proprietary trading firm focused on equities trading and technology. They provide direct market access and customized trading systems to day traders, trading groups, institutions and hedge funds. 
== History ==
Assent LLC was formerly known as Prescient Securities, LLC.
== Products and Services ==
The firm provides proprietary trading services for automated, remote and institutional traders. Their services also include trader support, order desk, networking, risk management, clearing, system requirements and configuration. 
They also design, develop and provides electronic trading systems including:
*ANVIL Trading Software - an order execution and management platform 
*ANVIL Simulator - an application that provides software testing and evaluation services
*Financial Information eXchange (FIX) Protocol - electronic communication trade-related messaging tools
== Key People ==
*John Allen, CEO
== References ==
Category:Assent
Category:SunGard
Assent ATS

Assent ATS is an alternative trading system provided by SunGard through its Assent broker-dealer division. Assent ATS is a dark pool that combines retail, institutional and high-frequency order flow from SunGard's Brass order management system users, as well as its Assent and GL Trade brokerage customers.
The ATS integrates into the Brass OMS in order to ease access for OMS users and ultimately help reduce transaction costs.
Assent ATS plans to support three core trading strategies, according to Chris Lees, vice president of SunGard's Assent Liquidity Services. The first lets brokers enter an order into the pool and wait for executions from liquidity passing through the ATS. In the second, an order is designed to execute in other dark venues. SunGard plans to manage these orders by splitting them between its own pool and routing them to other dark pools.
== References ==
Category:Assent
Category:Alternative Trading Systems
Category:SunGard
Asset allocation

Asset allocation refers to the proportions of their portfolios that investors or asset managers place in the main asset classes of equities, debt, property, cash and others. Allocation decisions are based on a variety of individual investor characteristics like risk tolerance but is also strongly influenced by the prevailing investment-market conditions. 
== Dividing up ==
Asset allocation is an important influence on portfolio returns because different asset-class returns have historically moved up and down at different rates and times to each other. Spreading the portfolio across asset classes therefore reduces the risk of major losses if one class, such as stocks, suddenly falls precipitously. Conservative investors usually prefer a balanced asset allocation like a 40% stocks, 40% bonds (usually Treasury bonds or Treasury notes) and 20% cash while the more risk-tolerant might prefer to to allocate more than half to stocks. Asset allocation can change over the portfolio's time horizon as conditions for different asset classes alter but needs to be rebalanced by returning to the original allocation if it becomes too weighted on one class. 
Some analysts believe that asset allocation is a more important determinant of overall portfolio returns than the individual investment decisions within each class.Consequently, large investment pools of institutional investors such as pension funds or endowments often hire asset managers like BlackRock and Piper Jaffray to determine their fund's broader allocation strategy. Asset managers working on behalf of institutional pools are also called investment managers or money managers.
== Latest news == 
The recent sharp decline in global stock markets have led many investors and managers to reconsider the wisdom of keeping their portfolio overweight (more than 50%) equities in light of recent studies showing that a 50/50 balance of equities to debt yields only slightly below and 80/20 allocation (640% compared to 684% over 21 years) with less volatility. However, some commentators have pointed out that timing is key, since between August and October 2008 stocks fell 25% while bonds dropped just 1%. This effect can reduced somewhat by investing in stocks that pay good dividends and so behave more like debt than equities, while the more aggressive can invest a reduced stock portfolio on higher-risk, higher-return equities.
== References ==
Asset class

An asset class is a group of securities or other instruments that share similar characteristics, behave similarly in the marketplace, and are subject to the same regulations. Some of the asset classes most widely used by investors are equities (stocks), fixed-income (bonds), money market instruments, commodities and real estate. 
Asset allocation strategy in a portfolio usually includes efforts to maintain a balance between the various classes. Spreading investment selections across several asset classes is known as diversification, and is used to help increase total return.
Each asset class is expected to reflect different risk and return investment characteristics, and will perform differently in any given market environment.
The asset classes used the most in personal financial planning are equities and fixed incomes, but other asset classes used for investing include commodities, real estate, antiques, and collectibles. 
Asset classes should not be confused with asset class categories. "Large-cap stocks" or "short-term bonds" are not asset classes; they are asset class categories, used for portfolio diversification. Fixed incomes can be divided between bonds, preferred stocks, CDs, etc. Bonds can be subclassified by corporate or municipal, by maturity (long, intermediate, short), by bond rating (investment grade or junk bond), etc. 
 
== References ==
Category:Trading Terms
Category:Definitions
Asset manager

Asset managers, sometimes called investment managers or money managers, make broad investment decisions like asset allocation to achieve the investment goals of pooled funds. Unlike fund managers, who can also manage private individual capital, asset managers tend to specialize in collective investments.
== Buy-side voice ==
The Asset Management Group (AMG) of industry body the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (SIFMA) calls itself "the voice for the buy side within the securities industry and the broader financial markets" and works with SIFMA's broker-dealers "to resolve commmon concerns." The AMG also advocates for the industry's buy side with Congress and regulators. The AMG recently elected SIFMA board member and PIMCO managing director and COO Richard M. Weill as its new chairman.
== Latest news ==
The fortunes of asset managers are closely tied to the capital markets, as an equities rally in August 2008 illustrated. As broad stock markets improved and commodities sagged, shares of U.S. firms specializing in asset management like Piper Jaffray and Legg Mason each rose more than five percent in one day (August 11), while rivals BlackRock, Jefferies & Co. and Ameriprise Financial also jumped noticeably the same day.
== References ==
Category:Investments
Category:Asset Managers
Associated Person

An Associated Person is an individual who solicits orders, customers or customer funds (or who supervises individuals engaged in these activities) on behalf of an Futures Commission Merchant, Introducing Broker, Commodity Trading Advisor or Commodity Pool Operator. An AP is, in effect, anyone who is a salesperson or who supervises salespersons for any of these categories of individuals or firms. The registration requirements apply to any person in the supervisory chain-of-command and not only to persons who directly supervise the solicitations of orders, customers or funds. 
NFA Registration is generally required unless: 
*The individual is already registered as an FCM, IB or Floor Broker, or 
*The individual is already registered as a CPO if you are to be associated with a CPO, or 
*The individual is already registered as a CTA if you are to be associated with a CTA, or 
*The individual is already registered with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) as a registered representative and limits futures activity to the solicitation of participations in a commodity pool, or 
In certain instances where a firm's commodity interest activity accounts for no more than 10 percent of its annual revenue, the Chief Operating Officer, General Partner or other principal in the supervisory chain-of-command may be eligible for exemption from AP registration.
Registration requirements apply to any person in the supervisory chain-of-command and not only to persons who directly supervise the solicitations of orders, customers or funds.
==Resources==
*Associated Person Handbook, written by Melinda H. Schramm
==References==
Category:Definitions
Associated Press

The Associated Press is a not-for-profit cooperative owned by its 1,500 U.S. daily newspaper members. They elect a board of directors that directs the cooperative.
On any given day, more than half the world's population sees news from AP. AP serves 1,700 newspapers and 5,000 radio and television outlets in the United States as well as newspaper, radio and television subscribers internationally.
Over the past decade, AP has also sold a selection of its text, photo, audio and video reports to commercial online operations, both closed-end desktops (the Information Services business) and open Web sites (the Digital business). From the beginning, the objective has been to extract supplemental revenue from commercial markets to subsidize more newsgathering and other services for members. This policy has been regularly reviewed and reaffirmed by AP’s Board, mostly recently in 2005.
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Membership ==
== Key People ==
== References ==
Association Francaise des Marches Financiers

Association Française des Marchés Financiers (AMAFI) is a professional association that specializes in financial market activities. The goal of the associations is to help promote and develop financial market activities in France. Its membership comprises more than 120 investment service providers. Most are investment firms, but some are credit institutions authorized to provide investment services. It was formerly called The French Association of Investment Firms - AFEI. 
In all, the group represents nearly 10,000 professionals engaged in high value-added activities.
The median age of members of the group is 33 years. About 67 percent of the members are women.
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Membership ==
== Key People ==
== References ==
Category:Industry Associations
Association for Digital Asset Markets (ADAM)

The Association for Digital Asset Markets (ADAM) is an association for firms involved in digital asset trading. Its formation was announced in late November of 2018 at CoinDesk's Invest NY event. It was started by several major financial services and fintech firms, including Galaxy Digital, Hudson River Trading, and Paxos. It was one of the first such self-regulatory organizations for digital assets in the United States. 
== Overview ==
The creators of ADAM said they began the organization to improve the infrastructure of the digital asset markets. Its objectives are to protect digital assets market participants from fraud and market manipulation, provide clear rules and standards for digital asset trading, encourage professionalism and good conduct, and increase transparency. 
ADAM is organized as a private 501(c)6 not-for-profit organization run by a board of directors elected by its members. Its members include: BitGo, BitOoda, BTIG, Cumberland, Galaxy Digital, Genesis Global Trading, GSR, Hudson River Trading, Paxos, Symbiont, and XBTO. There are also four associate members: Anchorage, BlockFi, CMT Digital, and Tagomi. 
The board is responsible for the general governance of the organization, including the formation of committees to serve various functions as designated by the board of directors. 
On October 28, 2020, ADAM announced that it had appointed Michelle Bond, a financial services industry attorney, as CEO.
== ADAM Code == 
The ADAM Code was published on November 12, 2019 in conjunction with CoinDesk's Invest NY conference in New York City. The document addresses in separate sections the following eight topics: compliance and risk management, market ethics, conflicts of interest, transparency and fairness, market integrity, custody, information security and business continuity, and anti-money laundering. Members of the association are expected annually to sign a statement committing to conduct their cryptocurrency business consistent with the Code. 
== References ==
Category: digital assets
Category: cryptocurrency
Category: trading
Category: regulation
Category: CryptoMarketsWiki
Association of Financial and Commodity Traders

__NOTOC__
The Association of Financial and Commodity Traders (AFACT) was established in July of 2009 by members of the Singapore Exchange. It represents the interests of the professional derivatives traders with an SGX membership. Through industry partnerships and joint collaboration with other market participants, AFACT aims to improve the knowledge and understanding of the financial industry. 
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Membership ==
== Key People ==
Ng Tee How, President; 
Leonard Kok Fook Hong, Vice President
== References ==
Association of Futures Markets

The Association of Futures Markets (AFM) was established in 1997 with 10 members drawn mainly from emerging markets, and promotes the establishment and organization of new derivative and related markets through co-operation between members and conferences. 
The idea of creating a joint platform for emerging commodity markets originally came from the South African Futures Exchange in 1996 when they invited a handful of exchanges to trade ideas and experience. The next year it was Budapest where on a similar meeting the exchanges decided that they should give a structure to the meetings and become an association. In 1998, the same exchanges met in Buenos Aires where the host was the Buenos Aires Futures Exchange and by this time the association was in place legally.
== Membership ==
*List of Full Members
*List of Associate Members
== Key People ==
*Pat Kenny - Chairman of the Board
== References ==
Category:Industry Associations
Category:Association of Futures Markets