nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
UNX LLC

UNX LLC is an independent trading technology firm and agency broker that provides advanced electronic trading technology solutions to a diverse client base which includes traditional asset managers, pension funds, hedge funds and sell side execution desks. UNX has offices in Burbank, California, and New York, New York.http://web.unx.com/locations.asp
In November of 2009, UNX announced that the firm had secured funding from Goldman Sachs and Vernon & Park Capital, L.P.. The funding would go toward developing an open technology platform and Catalyst Portal, an execution management system (EMS). 
In May of 2010, UNX announced the firm had secured strategic investments from Broadhaven Capital Partners and the Matthew Pritzker Company to expand its multi-asset class trading offerings into the global capital markets. 
== History ==
UNX was incorporated in 1999 as a provider of direct market access trading systems to an institutional client base. In 2000, the company launched Basket Trading Center, a web-based single-stock and portfolio trading platform for North American securities. That year, UNX also launched its smart routing and tactical order routing engine. In 2002, UNX acquired Embarcadero Securities and launched the Metabook Execution Management System. In 2009, UNX introduced the broker-neutral Catalyst platform and began the process of integrating trading algorithms of major broker-dealers into the UNX Marketplace. 
 
Throughout 2010, UNX integrated equity algorithms and electronic trading services from Girard Securities, Goldman Sachs Electronic Trading, Mizuho Securities, Rosenblatt Securities and UBS Investment Bank into its trading connectivity network available through the Catalyst Portal. In 2010, UNX further expanded its broker network to include international equities trading. In 2011, UNX tied up with Titan Trading Analytics to provide behavioral research and trading strategies through the Catalyst Portal.
In of June 2011, Trading Technologies (TT) and UNX entered into a partnership through which UNX became the first third-party provider to offer a service on the NYSE Technologies Community Platform’s cloud infrastructure. Through its Community Platform, NYSE Technologies will distribute UNX’s broker-neutral, open-technology front-end, Catalyst to deliver data and services from the NYSE Technologies’ product portfolio to financial services firms. Services offered from inside the cloud and delivered through Catalyst would include global market data, trade analytics, order and execution information tools, indications of interest, advertised trades, and other data services, including trade and quote data, market imbalances and regulatory alerts.
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
*Thomas Kim, CEO
*Ruth Colagiuri, Managing Director - Product Management and Client Services
*Kip Putnam, Managing Director - Corporate and Operational Strategy
== References ==
Category:Brokers
Category:Agency Brokers
UN Environment Programme Finance Initiative

The UN Environment Programme Finance Initiative (UNEP FI) is the UN-convened network of banks, insurers and investors accelerating sustainable development. Catalyzing action across the financial system to support the transition to more sustainable and inclusive economies worldwide. UNEP FI established the world’s sustainability frameworks that help the finance industry address global environmental, social and governance (ESG) challenges.
Convened by a Geneva, Switzerland-based secretariat, more than 500 banks and insurers with assets exceeding US $170 trillion work together to facilitate the implementation of UNEP FI’s Principles for Responsible Banking and Principles for Sustainable Insurance, as well as three UN-convened net-zero alliances. Financial institutions work with UNEP FI on a voluntary basis and we help them to apply the industry frameworks and develop practical guidance and tools to position their businesses for the transition to a sustainable and inclusive economy.
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== History ==
== Products and Services ==
== Membership ==
== Key People ==
== References ==
UN SSE Derivatives Network

As a follow up to the paper, How derivative exchanges can promote sustainable development, the UN Sustainable Stock Exchange Initiative launched its Derivatives Network in October 2021, inviting derivatives exchanges to join the SSE as partners. 
== Products and Services ==
The SSE announced a new derivatives exchange database on September 26, 2022. The database launched with information about 12 exchanges. Information in the database can be searched along six measures to determine whether the derivatives exchange:
* Is a SSE derivative network member
* Has an annual sustainability report
* Requires sustainability reporting 
* Has written guidance on ESG reporting
* Offers sustainability aligned products
* Offers sustainability related training 
== History ==
== Membership ==
The new derivatives network and its founders were announced in October 2021 as part of the UNCTAD World Investment Forum. 
The initial founding members were: 
* Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) (Australia)
* Borsa Istanbul (Turkey)
* Bursa Malaysia (Malaysia)
* CBOE Global Markets (United States)
* CME Group (United States)
* Deutsche Börse AG / Eurex (Germany)
* Matba Rofex (Argentina)
* MexDer (BMV Group) (Mexico)
* NZX Limited (New Zealand)
* Singapore Exchange (Singapore)
* The Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) (United States)
* TMX Group /Montreal Exchange (Canada)
The Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) joined the UN SSE Derivatives Network in late 2021. The Mongolian Agricultural Commodity Exchange (MCE) joined in 2022. 
== Key People ==
== References ==
USAA Real Estate Company

USAA Real Estate Company is the real estate arm of the U.S. Automobile Association, founded in 1982.
The company provides co-investment management services to U.S. pension funds, foreign and domestic institutional investors.
==History==
USAA is a co-investor in the CBOT Building in Chicago.
== Key People ==
*Len O'Donnell, President & CEO
*Jim Hime, CFO
*Pat Irwin, CAO
== References ==
Category:Real Estate Companies
Category:CBOT Building
USD Coin (USDC)

USD Coin (USDC) is a U.S. dollar-pegged stablecoin created by the Centre Consortium, which is a joint venture between Circle and Coinbase. It was launched by Circle on September 26, 2018.
== History ==
Coinbase joined Circle in October 2018 to set ground rules for the development of fiat-based stablecoins.
According to CoinMarketCap, a cryptocurrency data reporting service, in mid January 2019 the USD Coin, with more than 381 million coins in circulation, was the 19th largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization. By mid-May 2019, the market capitalization of USDC had fallen to about $347 million, making it the 29th largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization. 
On January 17, 2019, the Centre Consortium published an attestation provided by the independent accounting firm Grant Thornton to Circle that there were $251,211,209 held by Circle in custody accounts against the total issuance of 251,211,148 USDC.
In late January 2019, Circle released a report that over 100 crypto-focused businesses, including exchanges, wallets, platforms, apps, and service providers had adopted USDC.
Coinbase announced that as of May 14, 2019, USDC was available for trading in 85 countries.
Issuance of USDC reportedly grew at the rate of more than $10 million/10 USDC million per day during the first 20 days of March 2020 against the backdrop of turbulent global equity markets and volatile bitcoin, ether and other cryptocurrency prices. 
According to CoinMarketCap, there were 641,840,125 USDC in circulation on March 20, 2020, making USD Coin the 19th largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization. On the heels of the 2020 boom in DeFi transactions as well as the run-up of cryptocurrency values across the board, USDC issuance reached 6.7 billion on February 10, 2021 according to online data reporting service CoinGecko.
== DeFi ==
In 2020, USDC became the biggest stablecoin by total daily value locked (value of stablecoins in USD locked in as collateral per day) on DeFi platforms like Uniswap, according to data from Flipside Crypto. 
== References ==
Category:cryptocurrency
Category:stablecoin
Category:DeFi
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
USFE Binary Options

The US Futures Exchange has delayed plans to offer binary event contracts based on price movements in five asset classes - gold, silver, oil, gasoline and the euro/US dollar exchange rate - but is continuing to develop its event-driven complex.
== Background ==
The USFE conceived a suite of binary options to tap the growing demand from retail investors for event-driven products offering speculative plays ranging from movements in financial indexes and individual assets to the outcome of sporting and political contests.
The market had spawned a range of unregulated online entities, many of them focused on sports events, while others such as Dublin-based Intrade had expanded to include products based on financial indexes.
The USFE believed the uncertain regulatory and legal environment surrounding such products, particularly in the US, offered the opportunity for products traded and cleared on a regulated US derivatives exchange.
The exchange had toyed with “consumer-friendly” products on events such as the outcome of American Idol – the popular US television talent contest Remarks by Ira Polk, USFE board member, at FIA Expo, November 2006, but focused on event with an underlying “economic consequence”.
== Products ==
The USFE launched its first product on April 20 2007 with two binary options contracts based on the outcome of the three-way contest for control of the Chicago Board of Trade between the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and the Intercontinental Exchange. (CBOT shareholders voted in favor of a merger with the CME on July 9, 2007).
Binary options in five single-asset classes were due to be launched on October 15, 2007 covering gold, silver, oil, gasoline and the euro/US dollar exchange rate. However, the products are being reconfigured, with no current launch date.
The framework envisaged a contract open on Monday morning and close on Friday afternoon, with nine contracts offering strike prices at even intervals above and below the previous week’s close.
Contracts quoted between 0 and 100, representing the implied probability that the contract will finish the week in-the-money at 100 points. Final prices equal or below the strike price at the end of the week are out of the money at 0 points. Contracts are worth $10 per point, resulting in a potential settlement value of $1,000.
Trading hours: 22 hours from 6pm to 4pm Chicago time
== Specifications ==
Asset Reference price
Gold Comex
Silver Comex
Oil NYMEX WTI crude
Gasoline NYMEX gasoline
Euro/US Dollar Noon Fed buying rate
== References ==
USFE Morningstar Style Indexes

USFE Futures Exchange offers electronically traded futures contracts on nine cash-settled Morningstar Sytle Box indexes. Products target Large Growth, Large Core, Large Value, Mid Growth, Mid Core, Mid Value, Small Growth, Small Core, Small Value indexes.
== References ==
== External Links ==
*www.usfe.com
*www.morningstar.com
Cateogory:USFE Products
USFE SENSEX Index

U.S. Futures Exchange offers futures on the SENSEX Index, the leading Indian equity index. This product allows traders and investors outside of India to capitalize directly on India’s markets. The product was launched on April 4, 2008.
The Bombay Stock Exchange’s (BSE) SENSEX Index is composed of 30 major Indian stocks and regarded as the country’s premier stock market index.
USFE’s U.S. dollar-denominated BSE SENSEX futures contract will trade 23 hours per day and settle monthly to the corresponding value of BSE’s rupee-denominated futures contract. 
== External Links ==
*SENSEX Hedges and Trading Times (EST)
*SENSEX Hedges and Trading Times (CST)
*SENSEX Hedges and Trading Times (GMT)
*Fact sheet
== Contract Specifications ==
== References ==
Category:Indian Futures Products
US Futures & Options Company, Inc.

U.S. Futures & Options Company was a Chicago-based Introducing Broker and member firm of the Chicago Board of Trade owned by the late John H. (Bud) Frazier, Jr.
The firm was licensed in August of 1992 by the National Futures Association.
It had clearing arrangements with First Options of Chicago and Rand Financial.
The firm collapsed into bankruptcy in July of 1993 when several accounts of one broker went debit during the volatile agricultural markets associated with the floods of 1993 in the U.S. Midwest.
==Key People==
*John H. (Bud) Frazier, Jr.
John J. Lothian was an account executive with the firm.
== References ==
Category:Introducing Brokers
Category:Defunct Companies
US Patriot Act

The USA PATRIOT Act, enacted in 2001, is designed to detect, deter, and punish terrorists in the United States and abroad. The Act imposes anti-money laundering requirements on brokerage firms and financial institutions. By April 24, 2002, all brokerage firms were required to have new, comprehensive anti-money laundering programs. 
What is money laundering?
Money laundering is the process of disguising illegally obtained money so that the funds appear to come from legitimate sources or activities. Money laundering occurs in connection with a wide variety of crimes, including illegal arms sales, drug trafficking, robbery, fraud, racketeering, and terrorism. 
How big is the problem and why is it important?
The use of the U.S. financial system by criminals to facilitate terrorism or other crimes could taint U.S. financial markets. According to the U.S. State Department, one recent estimate puts the amount of worldwide money laundering activity at $1 trillion a year.
Category:Legislation
Category:Regulation
US Securities Markets Coalition

US Securities Markets Coalition operates as a nonprofit trade association representing the securities market industry in the United States. US Securities Markets Coalition acts as a communications network and lobbying group. It offers educational resources, research, political representation, conferences, and seminars.
It is a private company.
== History ==
The coalition's total lobbying expenditures in 2017 were $130,000. 
== Products and Services ==
== Membership ==
The members of the Coalition (together with OCC) are BATS Options, BOX Options Exchange, Chicago Board Options Exchange, NASDAQ Options Market, NASDAQ OMX PHLX, NYSE Arca, and NYSE Amex. All of these members are regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. OCC is also regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission and The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve. 
== Key People ==
== References ==
US Treasury futures

U.S. Treasury bond and note futures are widely used for managing risk on fixed-income securities. Holding fixed-income securities can be tantamount to speculating on the future direction of interest rates. 
Interest rate futures were pioneered by the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) in 1975 in response to a need for tools that could protect against sharp and frequent swings in the cost of money. The first of such products was U.S. Treasury bond futures, which were followed by futures on 10-year, 5-year, and 2-year U.S. Treasury notes.
 
The CME Group, which acquired the CBOT in July 2007, offers some of the most widely traded Treasury futures contracts. 
U.S. Treasury futures contracts traded include: 
*CME Group U.S. Treasury Bond
*CME Group Ultra U.S. Treasury Bond
*CME Group 2-Year U.S. Treasury notes
*CME Group 3-Year U.S. Treasury notes
*CME Group 5-Year U.S. Treasury notes
*CME Group 10-Year U.S. Treasury notes
*ELX 2-Year Treasury Notes
*ELX 5-Year Treasury Notes
*ELX 10-Year Treasury Notes
*ELX 30-Year Treasury Bonds
*NYSE Liffe US Treasury futures
== References ==
Category:Interest Rate Futures
Category:US Treasury Futures
UTXO

UTXO stands for "unspent transaction output." In it is a key feature of bitcoin and some other cryptocurrency designs. It is not used in Ether.
In a bitcoin transaction, there are one or more inputs that result in one or more outputs as bitcoins are transferred from one party to another. Once in a transaction recipient's wallet, the bitcoin is termed unspent transaction output and written to the UTXO database on the blockchain until such time as it is transferred to another wallet or, in other words, is "spent." The term reinforces the concept that a bitcoin cannot be spent twice as only UTXO can be in a wallet (i.e. contained in the UTXO database) and be transferred.
== References ==
UbiStor

UbiStor provides data protection and recovery to clients in the financial services space, as well as other industries. The company provides dedicated and shared (virtual) hosting as well as hardware and software.
== History ==
UbiStor Inc. was formed in September 2001 by a group of technology and service specialists with extensive experience in storage and network design, implementation, support, disaster recovery and regulatory compliance. Each member of the team was employed at a Fortune 500 company. 
The company was formed to address a need for managed offsite data backup and IT services for the small to medium sized business market.
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
* Dan Hill, CEO
== References ==
Category:Data Recovery Companies
Udesh Jha

__NOTOC__ 
Udesh Jha is chief risk officer at CME Clearing Europe. He was appointed to that position in September of 2015.
== Background ==
Jha was most recently an executive director at CME Clearing, working in the quantitative risk management team.
Before joining the CME Group, Jha was a senior manager in the treasury and analytics group of Capital One. He has also been an associate with Banc of America Securities and a client relationship manager with QRM. He was also a consultant with IBM.
== Education ==
== References ==	
Category:Clearing Professionals
Category:Banc of America Securities - Former Employees
Category:IBM - Former Employees
Category:Consultants
Uhlmann Grain

Uhlmann Grain Company was a prominent commodity and grain elevator company based in Chicago, Illinois. It played a significant role in the grain trading industry and was a clearing member firm of the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT). The company was founded in 1923 by Richard Uhlmann and his father after they left their previous grain business in Indiana.
== Founding and Early History ==
Richard Uhlmann, a veteran of World War I and a graduate of Cornell University, co-founded Uhlmann Grain Company in 1923. The company quickly established itself as a key player in the grain trading industry, known for its expertise in commodity trading and grain storage.
=== Leadership ===
Richard Uhlmann served as president of the CBOT in 1948, marking the 100th anniversary of the exchange. His leadership was characterized by a deep understanding of grain trading and industry practices. Uhlmann was highly regarded for his statistical acumen and was a frequently quoted source on both American and international grain markets.
In 1964, Uhlmann Grain was acquired by H. Hentz & Co., and Richard Uhlmann became a member of the H. Hentz executive committee. Richard's son, Frederick G. Uhlmann, also played a significant role in the company and the CBOT. Frederick served as chairman of the CBOT for two terms, in 1973 and 1974, during a pivotal time in the industry's history.
== Legal and Regulatory Challenges ==
The company and its representatives faced several legal and regulatory challenges over the years. In 1961, Frederick G. Uhlmann and other company representatives were involved in a case with the Commodity Exchange Authority. They were charged with making non-competitive transactions in wheat futures, which led to a 10-day denial of trading privileges for the respondents.
=== Notable Cases ===
Uhlmann Grain Company was involved in several notable legal cases, including a Supreme Court case in 1933, Dickson et al. v. Uhlmann Grain Co. This case revolved around the legality of grain futures transactions and the obligations of brokers and their customers.
== Contributions and Legacy ==
Richard Uhlmann established the Uhlmann awards in 1949 as a memorial to his father. The awards aimed to stimulate interest in grain trading and futures through an essay contest. One notable winner was John Schnitker, who later became the U.S. Under-Secretary of Agriculture.
The Uhlmann family continued to be influential in the grain trading industry for multiple generations. Richard Uhlmann's grandson also joined the family business, marking the fourth generation involved in Uhlmann Grain. Fred Uhlmann would be honored by the Futures Industry Association by induction into the FIA Hall of Fame.
Uhlmann Grain was the starting point for the careers of former CBOT Chairman Patrick Arbor and longtime CBOT clearing firm executive Henry S. Shatkin. Additionally, Michael Forrester, Sr. and Harold Lavender began their futures careers at Uhlmann Grain.
== References ==
Category:Former CBOT Member Firms
Category:Acquired Firms
Uhlmann Price Securities, LLC

Uhlmann Price Securities was founded in 1966 by Fred Uhlmann, a former chairman of the Chicago Board of Trade, as an independent, full-service boutique brokerage firm. Later, Tom Price, owner of the The Price Futures Group, Inc. and Price Asset Management, Inc., invested in the firm, which was renamed Uhlmann Price Securities. Uhlmann Price is registered as an independent FINRA member firm and as an introducing broker (IB) with the National Futures Association. The company has custody and clearing agreements with RBC Dain, MF Global and Merrill Lynch.
The firm, headquartered in Chicago, has office in the Chicago Board of Trade Building. 
== History ==
== Products and Services ==
Uhlmann Price offers securities and alternative investments, including managed futures. Uhlmann Price Securities has more than $600 million of retail and institutional client assets under management in both traditional and alternative investment strategies, with more than 50 registered institutional and private client professionals.
== Key People ==
*Fred Uhlmann
*Tom Price
*James Baer
*Alan Konn
== External links ==
*http://www.upsecurities.com/
*http://www.pricegroup.com/
*http://www.priceasset.com/
*http://www.priceholdingsinc.com/
== References ==
Category:Futures Brokers
Category:Introducing Brokers
Category:Securities Brokers
Category:Price Futures Group
Category:Price Holdings
Ulf Axman

__NOTOC__ 
Ulf Axman joined Exberry, an exchange technology provider, as chief commercial officer in September of 2023. 
He was previously a sales executive at LSEG Technology, which he joined in December of 2018. Earlier he was head of sales at Cinnober Financial Technology, a global provider of financial technology to exchanges and clearinghouse.
Axman joined Cinnober in May 2011 and was named head of sales in November 2012. He stepped down from the position in March 2018, remaining a senior advisor to the firm. 
== Background ==
Axman has been selling financial services software since 1998, when he joined OM Technology (now part of Nasdaq) as head of international sales for Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA). In 2001, he joined EFA Software, a clearing and settlement solutions provider that was then acquired by Toronto-based Basis100 and later by Computershare Market Technology, where he remained until 2006. He then spent time in sales and business development for OMX, NYSE Euronext and Chi-X before joining Cinnober in 2011.
 
Prior to 1998, he sold fire control systems for the Swedish defense industry.
== Education ==
Axman holds a masters in physics from the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. 
== References ==	
Category:Cinnober - Former Employees
Category:OM - Former Employees
Category:OMX - Former Employees
Category:NYSE Euronext - Former Employees
Category:Chi-X - Former Employees