nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Benitoite

== Description ==
A deep blue, sapphire-like gemstone with fiery yellow flashes. Benitoite is composed of a barium-titanium silicate. These rare and valuable crystals were first found close to the San Benito River in California, but have since been found in Montana, Arkansas, Australia, and Japan. Benitoite stones were formerly cut and sold as sapphires.
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
* Hexagonal crystal system with tabular dipyramidal crystals 
* Fracture = conchoidal to uneven
* Luster = vitreous 
* Transparent to translucent 
* Streak = white 
* Fluorescence = blue stones fluoresce bright to chalky blue in SW; colorless stones fluoresce red under LW
* Pleochroism = strong, usually blue and colorless
Composition 	BaTi(SiO3)3
Mohs Hardness 	6.0 - 6.5
Density 	3.65 - 3.68 g/ml
Refractive Index	1.756-1.757, 1.802-1.804
Birefringence 	0.046
==Resources and Citations==
* Gem Identification Lab Manual, Gemological Institute of America, 2016.
* Thomas Gregory, The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Reinhold Publishing, New York, 3rd ed., 1942
* R.F.Symmes, T.T.Harding, Paul Taylor, Rocks, Fossils and Gems, DK Publishing, Inc., New York City, 1997
* Wikipedia: Benitoite Accessed Dec 2022
* Encyclopedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.co,m/topic/Britannica-Online Comment: "Mineral." Accessed 12 May 2004 .
Category:Materials database
Benzaldehyde

== Description ==
A colorless oil that smells like almonds. Benzaldehyde is primarily used in the organic synthesis of dyes. It is also used as a solvents for oils, natural resins, as well as some cellulose ethers, and cellulose esters. Benzaldehyde is found in some photographic chemicals.
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|benzaldehyde.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
benzoic aldehyde; artificial oil of almond; benzenecarbonal
== Hazards and Safety ==
* Skin contact may cause irritation and redness. 
* Highly toxic by ingestion. Combustible. 
* ThermoFisher: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==== Other Properties ==
Miscible with ethanol, ether, oils. Slightly soluble in water.
Composition 	C6H5CHO
CAS 	100-52-7
Melting Point 	-56.5 C
Density 	1.0415 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 106.1
Refractive Index	1.5440-1.5464
Boiling Point 	179 C
==Resources and Citations==
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1085
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Benzalkonium chloride

== Description ==
An odorless antiseptic compound widely used as a disinfectant in detergents. Benzalkonium chloride is active at low concentrations and has been used to kill bacteria, fungi, algae, and lichens. It does not kill spores. This type of quaternary ammonium compound has reduced effectiveness in solutions containing hard water, salts, or organic compounds.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
alkyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride; alkyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride; alkyldimethyl(phenylmethyl)quaternary ammonium chlorides; quaternary ammonium compounds; alkylbenzyldimethyl chloride; Zephiran chloride; Preventol R50, R80, R90 [Bayer]; Hyamine 3500 [Rohm & Haas]; Céquartyl [Rhone Poulenc]; Neo-desogen [Ciba Geigy]; Benirol; BTC; Zephirol
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|benzalkonium chloride.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
== Risks ==
* Corrosive. 
* Hygroscopic. 
* Contact causes skin irritation. 
* Toxic by ingestion and inhalation. LD50 = 240 mg/kg. 
* An overdose may cause shortness of breath, cyanosis, CNS depression, low blood pressure, coma. 
* Found to be a teratogen in animals. 
* Fisher Scientific: MSDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Soluble in sorbitol solutions, glycerol, ether, water
CAS 	8001-54-5
Density	0.98 g/ml
==Resources and Citations==
* The Merck Index, Susan Budavari (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Whitehouse Station, NJ, 12th Edition, 1996
* MSDS Sheet Comment: Fisher Scientific 8/20/2002
* G.Caneva, M.P.Nugari, O.Salvadori, Biology in the Conservation of Works of Art, ICCROM, Rome, 1991
Category:Materials database
Benzene

== Description ==
A clear, colorless, volatile aromatic solvent. Benzene was first isolated by Faraday in 1825. It is obtained from the destructive distillation of coal and oil. The industrial grade distillation fraction sold as benzol contains about 65% benzene, 33% toluene plus 2% other aromatic compounds. Benzene was formerly a commonly used solvent for waxes, resins, oils, rubber, and paint removers, but this was discontinued because of its toxicity. It is now used primarily for the manufacture of styrene polymers, aromatic chlorides, and some dyes.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
benzol; cyclohexatriene
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|benzene.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
== Risks ==
* Known carcinogen. Toxic in ingestion and inhalation. 
* Skin contact causes irritation and dissolves fat. 
* Flammable and explosive. Dangerous fire risk. Burns with a sooty flame. 
* ThermoFisher: MSDS
* EPA lists benzene as hazardous waste; concentrations over 10% must be disposed of appropriately
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Miscible with ethanol, ether, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, acetic acid, oils. Slightly soluble in water.
Composition 	C6H6
CAS 	71-43-2
Melting Point 	5.5 C
Density 	0.8787 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 78.1
Refractive Index	1.50110
Boiling Point 	80.1 C
== Comparisons ==
== Resources and Citations ==
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1094
* Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* Reed Kay, The Painter's Guide To Studio Methods and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1983
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
Category:Materials database
Benzidine dye

== Description ==
A group of azo dyes derived from 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine that have lightfast yellow and orange colors. Examples are Congo red and diarylide dye.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
benzidine yellow; colorante de bencidina (Esp.); coloranti a base di benzidina (It.); azo dye; diarylide dye; Congo red; benzidine orange
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|PO16 Dianisidine Orange.PNG~FTIR MagruderPO016(MFA)|PO016 sun out of stock orange 276-3016.TIF~FTIR SunPO016(MFA)]]]
== Comparisons ==
Pigment number	Manufacture	Pigment name 	Manufacture CI number	Comments
PO016 	Magruder 	dianisidine orange 	or1016-dc 	
PO016 	Sun 	out of stock orange	276-3016 	
== Risks ==
* Highly toxic. 
* Human carcinogen, often causing bladder cancer.
==Resources and Citations==
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Monona Rossol, The Artist's Complete Health and Safety Guide, Allworth Press, New York, 1994
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
Category:Materials database
Benzimidazolone dye

== Description ==
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|PO036 sun benzimidazalone orange 271-9136.TIF~FTIR PO036(MFA)|PO60 kremer23550.TIF~FTIR PO060(MFA)]]]
A group of disazo condensation dyes that contain the benzimidazolone functional group. Benzimidazolone colorants were patented by Hoechst in the U.S. in 1960. They provide a series of yellow, brown, red, and violet dyes that are very lightfast. Benzimidazolone colors also have excellent bleed resistant and good heat stability. They are used in printing inks, plastics, automotive coatings, wood stains as well as a few artists oil paints and watercolors.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
benzimidazolone (It.); naphthamide maroon [Daniel Smith]; carmine [Daniel Smith]
== Resources and Citations ==
* B. Berrie, S.Q. Lomax, 'Azo Pigments: Their History, Synthesis, Properties and Use in Artists' Materials', Studies in the History of Art , National Gallery of Art, Washington DC, No. 57, 1997
* Website: www. handprint.com
Category:Materials database
Benzine

== Description ==
An archaic and misleading name for a liquid petroleum distillate fraction. Benzine, not to be confused with benzene, is generally considered to be the petroleum distillate fraction collected from 90-150C. However, the name benzine and petroleum benzine has also been used for lighter distillate fractions. Because of the confusion of the name 'benzine' with the more toxic aromatic solvent 'benzene', an alternate name of ligroin is recommended by ASTM for this hydrocarbon fraction.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
benzin; petroleum benzine; ligroin; VM&P naphtha; petroleum spirits
Category:Materials database
Benzoar

== Description ==
Common name for antimony oxide prior to the 1800s when chemical compound names were standardized (Schur 1985).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
antimony oxide
==Resources and Citations==
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
Category:Materials database
Benzoate polyester

== Description ==
A polyester fiber made from polyethylene benzoate that has the feel of natural silk. Benzoate polyester is resistant to acids, alkalis, and organic solvent. It can be dyed with disperse or [azo%20dye|azo]] dyestuffs. Benzoate has good durability and wrinkle resistance.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Berlin yarn; German wool; Berlijnse wolwerk (Ned);poliéster de benzoato (Esp.);; benzoate fiber; A-Tell;
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Good resistance to acids, alkalis and organic solvents. 
* Tenacity = 4.0-5.3 g/denier 
* Elongation = 15-25% 
* Moisture regain = 0.4% 
* Cross section = trilobal
* Melting Point = 225 C
* Density = 1.34 g/ml
==Resources and Citations==
* Marjory L. Joseph, Introductory Textile Science, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Fort Worth, TX, 1986
* Fairchild's Dictionary of Textiles, Phyllis G.Tortora, Robert S. Merkel (eds.), Fairchild Publications, New York City, 7th edition, 1996
Category:Materials database
Benzoic acid

== Description ==
A white, crystalline powder obtained from benzoin resin or other balsams. Benzoic acid is used as a mordant in calico printing, as an antifungal agent and for organic synthetic. Small amounts of benzoic acid may evolve from degraded plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride (Tétreault 2017).
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|benzoic acid.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
acid of benzoin; carboxybenzene; benzenecarboxylic acid; phenyl carboxylic acid; phenylformic acid; dracylic acid
== Personal Risks ==
* Mildly irritating to skin and membranes. 
* Moderately toxic by ingestion. 
* Combustible. 
* Fisher Scientific: SDS
==Collection Risks==
* Can corrode copper and bronze
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Soluble in ethanol, ether, chloroform, benzene, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, turpentine. Slightly soluble in water.
Composition 	C6H5COOH
CAS 	65-85-0
Melting Point 	122.4 C
Density 	1.2659 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt.=122.1
Boiling Point 	249.2 C
== Resources and Citations ==
* Jean Tétreault, 'Products used in Preventive Conservation' Technical Bulletin #2, CCI, 2017. Link
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1122
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 777
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Benzoin

== Description ==
A white or yellowish crystalline powder derived from benzaldehyde. Benzoin is used in organic synthesis. 
Note: Pure benzoin is not the same as benzoin resin.
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|benzoin.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
bitter almond oil camphor; benzoylphenyl carbinol; 2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetophenone; phenylbenzoylcarbinol
== Risks ==
* Combustible. 
* Highly toxic. 
* Fisher Scientific: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Soluble in acetone, hot ethanol. Slightly soluble in water, ether.
Composition 	C6H5CH2OCOC6H5
CAS 	119-53-9
Melting Point 	137 C
Density 	1.310 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 212.2
Boiling Point 	344 C
==Resources and Citations==
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1124
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Benzoin resin

== Description ==
A dark, pleasant smelling oleoresin obtained from trees (primarily Styrax benzoin and Styrax officinalis) growing in Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Benzoin resin contains triterpenoids along with benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, vanillin, coniferyl benzoate, styrol, and styracin. It was used as early as the 16th century as a spirit varnish for paintings. Benzoin resin is also used as a plasticizer for varnishes and lacquers, a perfume, an antiseptic, and a deodorizer. Storax is also called benzoin resin. 
Note: Benzoin resin is not the same as the chemical benzoin.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Styrax benzoin; Styrax officinalis; gum benzoin; resina de benzoína (Esp.); benzoino (It); gum benjamin; Siam benzoin; Sumatra Benzoin; styrax benzoin; resin benzoin; storax 
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Gum Benzoin, Gettens 100.B02.TIF~FTIR(MFA)]]]
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Soluble in warm ethanol and carbon disulfide. Insoluble in water.
==Resources and Citations==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 777
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Paintings Specialty Group, Painting Conservation Catalog, Wendy Samet (ed.), AIC, Washington, DC, 1998
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 4608
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Benzol

== Description ==
An obsolete name for an aromatic solvent mixture primarily composed of benzene. The industrial grade distillation fraction contains about 65% benzene, 33% toluene plus 2% other aromatic compounds including pyridine and thiophene.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
benzene
== Risks ==
* Highly toxic. 
* Carcinogenic.
* ThermoFisher: SDS
==Resources and Citations==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 97
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
Category:Materials database
Benzol black

== Description ==
An intense bluish black carbon pigment. Benzol black is the residue obtained from burning benzene and other solvents.
==Resources and Citations==
* Thomas Gregory, The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Reinhold Publishing, New York, 3rd ed., 1942
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
Category:Materials database
Benzopurpurine

== Description ==
An early type of synthetic direct dye discovered by Duisberg in 1885.
==Resources and Citations==
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1132
* Website: www.straw.com/sig/dyehist
Category:Materials database
Benzotriazole

== Description ==
A light tan, crystalline powder that reacts with metals to form stable salts. Benzotriazole is used in industry as a fixing agent in photographic emulsions, as an antitarnish agent for copper and its alloys, and as a corrosion inhibitor in antifreezes and water coolant systems. In 1967, it was used to prevent corrosion on bronze works of art as an additive in an acrylic resin formulation called Incralac (Madsen 1967). More recently benzotriazole has also been used as a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor and as an additive in antitarnish cloths. Benzotriazole is also used as an antifoggant in photographic developers.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
1,2,3-benzotriazole; 1H-benzotriazole; BTA; aziminobenzene; benzene azimide; benzisotriazole; Cobratec 99; 1,2-aminozophenylene;
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|MFA- Benzotriazole.jpg~FTIR|benzotiazole.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
== Risks ==
* Moderately toxic by ingestion and inhalation. 
* Skin contact may cause irritation. 
* ThermoFisher: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Soluble in ethanol, benzene, chloroform, dimethylformamide, toluene. Slightly soluble in water. Stable in acids and alkalis.
Vapor pressure = 0.04 @ 20C
Composition 	C6H6NHN2
CAS 	95-14-7
Melting Point 	98-100 C
Density 	1.36 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt.=119.12
Boiling Point 	201-204 C
==Resources and Citations==
* H.B.Madsen "A Preliminary Note on the Use of BTA for Stabilizing Bronze Objects" Studies in Conservation 12: 163-167, 1967. 
* C.Sease, "Benzotriazole: A Review for Conservators" Studies in Conservation 23:76-85, 1978. 
* H.B.Madsen "Further Remarks on the Use of Benzotriazole for Stabilizing Bronze Objects" Studies in Conservation 16:120-122, 1971
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: Entry # 1140
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Marie Svoboda, Conservation Survey Index, unpublished, 1997
* Photographic chemicals: www.jetcity.com/~mrjones/chemdesc.htm
Category:Materials database
Benzoyl peroxide

== Description ==
A white, crystalline solid. Benzoyl peroxide is an organic peroxide that is primarily used as a catalyst for polymerization reactions, such as the curing of Bio-Plastic® polyester resin. Benzoyl peroxide is also used to bleach flour, fats, oils, and waxes.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
benzoperoxide; dibenzoyl peroxide; benzoyl superoxide; Acetoxyl; Acnegel; Benoxyl; Oxy-5; Panoxyl; Persa-gel; Theraderm
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|aaiBENZ_PER.jpg~FTIR|benzoyl peroxide.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
== Risks ==
Flammable and explosive above 105C. Highly toxic by inhalation. Slightly toxic by skin contact and toxic by eye contact. 
ThermoFisher: SDS
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Soluble in most organic solvents. Slightly soluble in ethanol, oils and water.
Composition 	(C6H5CO)2O2
CAS 	94-36-0
Melting Point 	103-105 C
Density 	1.3340 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 242.2
== Resources and Citations ==
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1159
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* Website: www.haz-map.com/alleric.htm
Category:Materials database
Benzyl acetate

== Description ==
A clear liquid that smells like pears. Benzyl acetate is used as a solvent for natural and synthetic resins, oils, lacquers, varnishes, printing inks, and paint removers.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
phenylmethyl acetate; acetic acid phenylmethyl ester; acetic acid benzyl ester; benzyl ethanoate
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|benzyl acetate.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
== Risks ==
* Toxic by inhalation. 
* Skin contact may cause irritation. 
* Combustible. Flash point = 102 C (215.6 F) 
* Fisher Scientific: MSDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Soluble in ethanol. Slightly soluble in water.
Composition 	C6H5CH2OOCCH3
CAS 	140-11-4
Melting Point 	-51 C
Density 	1.059-1.062 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 150.18
Refractive Index	1.5015-1.5035
Boiling Point 	213 C
==Resources and Citations==
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1158
Category:Materials database
Benzyl alcohol

== Description ==
A clear, colorless, liquid. Benzyl alcohol is used as a solvent for dyes, gelatin, casein, cellulose acetate, waxes, and shellac. It is also used for mounting microscope slides and as a reagent in the developing baths for color movie films. In conservation, benzyl alcohol has been added to gelled soaps as a wetting agent.
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|benzyl alcohol.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
alpha-hydroxytoluene; benzoyl alcohol; phenyl methanol; phenyl carbinol; benzenemethanol
== Risks ==
* Combustible. 
* Skin contact causes irritation. 
* ThermoFisher: SDS
* EPA lists benzyl alcohol as hazardous waste due to ignitability; concentrations over 10% must be disposed of appropriately
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Miscible with ethanol, ether, chloroform. Slightly soluble in water.
Composition 	C6H5CH2OH
CAS 	100-51-6
Melting Point 	-15.19 C
Density 	1.040-1.050 g/ml
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 108.1
Refractive Index	1.5385-1.5405
Boiling Point 	204.7 C
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 97
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983
* Richard C. Wolbers, Nanette T. Sterman, Chris Stavroudis, Notes for Workshop on New Methods in the Cleaning of Paintings, J.Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 1990
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
* Conservation Materials Ltd., Catalog
* Teri Hensick, contributed information, 1998
Category:Materials database