nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12)

==General information==
Class/mechanism: Vitamin B12, which is instrumental to normal cell growth, reproduction, hematopoiesis, and synthesis of nucleoprotein and myelin.Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) package insert Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) package insert (locally hosted backup)Nascobal manufacturer's websiteCyanocobalamin nasal (Nascobal) package insert Cyanocobalamin nasal (Nascobal) package insert (locally hosted backup)
Route: IM, PO, SC, nasal
Extravasation: n/a
For conciseness and simplicity, HemOnc.org currently will focus on treatment regimens and not list information such as: renal/hepatic dose adjustments, metabolism (including CYP450), excretion, monitoring parameters (although this will be considered for checklists), or manufacturer. Instead, for the most current information, please refer to your preferred pharmacopeias or the prescribing information.
==Patient drug information==
*Brief patient counseling information can be found at the bottom of page 2 of the Cyanocobalamin nasal (Nascobal) package insert
*Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) patient drug information (UpToDate)Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) patient drug information (UpToDate)
==Also known as==
*Generic names: cobalamin, vitamin B12, vitamin B-12
*Brand names: Berubigen, CaloMist, Cobavite, Ener-B, Nascobal, Twelve Resin-K
==References==
Category:Drugs
Category:Oral medications
Category:Intramuscular medications
Category:Nasal medications
Category:Subcutaneous medications
Category:Chemotherapy protective agents
Category:FDA approved in 1942
Cytarabine and daunorubicin liposomal (Vyxeos)

==Mechanism of action==
This drug is a liposomal formulation of Cytarabine (Ara-C) and Daunorubicin (Cerubidine) in a 5:1 molar ratio. Cytarabine and daunorubicin liposomal (Vyxeos) package insert Cytarabine and daunorubicin liposomal (Vyxeos) package insert (locally hosted backup)Vyxeos manufacturer's website
Route: IV
Extravasation: no information
==Disease for which it is established==
*Acute myeloid leukemia
==History of changes in FDA indication==
*2017-08-03: Granted FDA regular approval for the treatment of adults with newly-diagnosed therapy-related AML (t-AML) or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC), two types of AML having a poor prognosis. (Based on CLTR0310-301)
==History of changes in EMA indication==
*2018-08-23: Initial authorization
==Patient Information==
*Cytarabine and daunorubicin liposomal (Vyxeos) package insert
==Also known as==
*Code name: CPX-351
*Brand name: Vyxeos, Vyxeos liposomal
==References==
Category:Drugs
Category:Combination drugs
Category:Intravenous medications
Category:Liposomal chemotherapy
Category:Anthracyclines
Category:Antimetabolites
Category:Deoxycytidine analogs
Category:Topoisomerase II inhibitors
Category:Acute myeloid leukemia medications
Category:FDA approved in 2017
Category:EMA approved in 2018
Cytarabine liposomal (DepoCyt)

==General information==
Class/mechanism: Pyrimidine analog, mimics cytosine. Converted intracellularly into cytarabine-5-triphosphate (ara-CTP). Exact mechanism of action not known; believed to inhibit DNA polymerase, incorporate into DNA and RNA, and kill cells undergoing DNA synthesis (S-phase) and sometimes block cells from progressing from the G1 phase to the S-phase.Cytarabine liposomal (DepoCyt) package insert Cytarabine liposomal (DepoCyt) package insert (locally hosted backup)DepoCyt manufacturer's website
Route: IT
Extravasation: irritant
*"In-line filters must not be used when administering DepoCyt."
For conciseness and simplicity, HemOnc.org currently will focus on treatment regimens and not list information such as: renal/hepatic dose adjustments, metabolism (including CYP450), excretion, monitoring parameters (although this will be considered for checklists), or manufacturer. Instead, for the most current information, please refer to your preferred pharmacopeias or the prescribing information.
==Diseases for which it is used==
*CNS leukemia
*CNS lymphoma
==Patient drug information==
*Cytarabine liposomal (DepoCyt) package insert
*Cytarabine liposomal (DepoCyt) patient drug information (Chemocare)Cytarabine liposomal (DepoCyt) patient drug information (Chemocare)
*Cytarabine liposomal (DepoCyt) patient drug information (UpToDate)Cytarabine liposomal (DepoCyt) patient drug information (UpToDate)
==History of changes in FDA indication==
*1999-04-01: Initial accelerated approval for intrathecal treatment of lymphomatous meningitis. (Based on Glantz et al. 1999)
**2007-04-19: Converted to regular approval for intrathecal treatment of lymphomatous meningitis.
*2011-08-11 (oldest label available at Drugs @ FDA): indicated for the intrathecal treatment of lymphomatous meningitis.
==History of changes in EMA indication==
*2001-07-11: Initial authorization as DepoCyte
*2018-07-10: Withdrawn on request from the manufacturer, for commercial reasons
==Also known as==
*Generic name: Liposomal Ara-C
*Brand name: DepoCyt, DepoCyte
==References==
Category:Drugs
Category:Intrathecal medications
Category:Liposomal chemotherapy
Category:Deoxycytidine analogs
Category:Antimetabolites
Category:Irritant
Category:CNS leukemia medications
Category:CNS lymphoma medications
Category:FDA approved in 1999
Category:EMA approved in 2001
Category:EMA withdrawn in 2018
Cytomegalovirus Immune Globulin (Cytogam)

==General information==
Class/mechanism: Anti-CMV-specific antibodies, mainly IgG with trace amounts of IgA.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Human Immunoglobulin (Cytogam) package insert Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Human Immunoglobulin (Cytogam) package insert (locally hosted backup)Cytogam manufacturer's website
Route: IV
Extravasation: no information
For conciseness and simplicity, HemOnc.org currently will focus on treatment regimens and not list information such as: renal/hepatic dose adjustments, metabolism (including CYP450), excretion, monitoring parameters (although this will be considered for checklists), or manufacturer. Instead, for the most current information, please refer to your preferred pharmacopeias or the prescribing information.
==Patient drug information==
*Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Human Immunoglobulin (Cytogam) patient drug information (UpToDate)Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Human Immunoglobulin (Cytogam) patient drug information (UpToDate)
==Also known as==
*Brand names: Cytogam
==References==
Category:Intravenous medications
Category:Fractionated plasma products
Dabigatran (Pradaxa)

==General information==
Class/mechanism: Competitive direct thrombin inhibitor. Inhibition of thrombin, a serine protease, inhibits the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin in the coagulation cascade and subsequent development of thrombus. Dabigatran inhibits free thrombin, clot-bound thrombin, and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation.Dabigatran (Pradaxa) package insert Dabigatran (Pradaxa) package insert (locally hosted backup)Pradaxa manufacturer's website
Route: PO
Extravasation: n/a
For conciseness and simplicity, HemOnc.org currently will focus on treatment regimens and not list information such as: renal/hepatic dose adjustments, metabolism (including CYP450), excretion, monitoring parameters (although this will be considered for checklists), or manufacturer. Instead, for the most current information, please refer to your preferred pharmacopeias or the prescribing information. 
==Reversal information==
Idarucizumab (Praxbind) can rapidly and completely reverse the effects of dabigatran as measured by normalization of dilute thrombin time.
==Diseases for which it is used==
*Atrial fibrillation
*Venous thromboembolism
==Patient drug information==
*Dabigatran (Pradaxa) package insert 
*Dabigatran (Pradaxa) patient drug information (UpToDate)Dabigatran (Pradaxa) patient drug information (UpToDate)
==History of changes in EMA indication==
*2008-03-17: Initial authorization
==Also known as==
*Brand names: Pradax, Pradaxa, Prazaxa
==References==
Category:Drugs
Category:Oral medications
Category:Direct oral anticoagulants
Category:Direct thrombin inhibitors
Category:Venous thromboembolism medications
Category:EMA approved in 2008
Category:FDA approved in 2010
Dacarbazine (DTIC)

==General information==
Class/mechanism: Alkylator, purine analog, inhibits DNA synthesis; exact mechanism unclear. Converted to the active alkylating metabolite MTIC.Dacarbazine (DTIC) package insert Dacarbazine (DTIC) package insert (locally hosted backup)
Route: IV
Extravasation: irritant
For conciseness and simplicity, HemOnc.org currently will focus on treatment regimens and not list information such as: renal/hepatic dose adjustments, metabolism (including CYP450), excretion, monitoring parameters (although this will be considered for checklists), or manufacturer. Instead, for the most current information, please refer to your preferred pharmacopeias or the prescribing information. 
==Diseases for which it is established (work in progress)==
*Classical Hodgkin lymphoma
*Melanoma
**Uveal melanoma
==Diseases for which it is used==
*Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular lymphocyte-predominant
*Neuroblastoma
*Pheochromocytoma
*Soft tissue sarcoma
**Leiomyosarcoma
**Liposarcoma
==Patient drug information==
*Dacarbazine (DTIC) patient drug information (Chemocare)Dacarbazine (DTIC) patient drug information (Chemocare)
*Dacarbazine (DTIC) patient drug information (UpToDate)Dacarbazine (DTIC) patient drug information (UpToDate)
==History of changes in FDA indication==
*1975-05-27: Initial FDA approval
*Uncertain date: indicated in the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma. (No supporting studies are cited)
*Uncertain date: Indicated for Hodgkin's disease as a second-line therapy when used in combination with other effective agents. (No supporting studies are cited)
==History of changes in EMA indication==
*1978-02-01: EURD
==History of changes in PMDA indication==
*2013-03-25: New additional indication and a new dosage for the treatment of pheochromocytoma.
==Also known as==
*Generic names: dacarbazin, DTIC, imidazole carboxamide
*Brand names: Bazipar, Cedcozine, Dacarba, Dacarex, Dacin, Dacmed, Darbazine, Dazine, Decarb, Oncodac, Zydac
==References==
Category:Drugs
Category:Intravenous medications
Category:Irritant
Category:Alkylating agents
Category:Triazenes
Category:Human DNA synthesis inhibitors
Category:Antimetabolites
Category:Purine analogs
Category:Classical Hodgkin lymphoma medications
Category:Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular lymphocyte-predominant medications
Category:Leiomyosarcoma medications
Category:Liposarcoma medications
Category:Melanoma medications
Category:Neuroblastoma medications
Category:Pheochromocytoma medications
Category:Soft tissue sarcoma medications
Category:Uveal melanoma medications
Category:FDA approved in 1975
Category:EMA approved in 1978
Category:WHO Essential Cancer Medicine
Dacomitinib (Vizimpro)

==Mechanism of action==
From the NCI Drug Dictionary: An orally bioavailable, highly selective, second-generation small-molecule inhibitor of the pan-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of tyrosine kinases (ErbB family) with potential antineoplastic activity. Dacomitinib specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits human EGFR subtypes, resulting in inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in EGFR-expressing tumor cells.
==Diseases for which it is approved==
*EGFR+ NSCLC
==History of changes in FDA indication==
*2018-09-27: Initial approval for the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R substitution mutations. (Based on ARCHER 1050)
==History of changes in EMA indication==
*2019-04-02: Initial authorization
*Uncertain date: Vizimpro, as monotherapy, is indicated for the first-line treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations.
==History of changes in Health Canada indication==
*2019-02-26: Initial notice of compliance for the first-line treatment of adult patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with confirmed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R substitution mutations. 
*2022-06-09: Drug withdrawn
==History of changes in PMDA indication==
*2019-01-08: New approval for the treatment of inoperable or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR gene mutation.
== Patient Drug Information==
*Dacomitinib (Vizimpro) Package InsertDacomitinib (Vizimpro) Package Insert
==Also known as==
*Code name: PF-00299804
*Brand name: Vizimpro
==References==
Category:Drugs
Category:Oral medications
Category:Mutation-specific medications
Category:EGFR inhibitors
Category:Non-small cell lung cancer medications
Category:FDA approved in 2018
Category:EMA approved in 2019
Category:Health Canada approved in 2019
Category:PMDA approved in 2019
Dalpiciclib (SHR-6390)

==Mechanism of action==
From NCI Drug Dictionary: A cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, dalpiciclib selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6). This inhibits retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation early in the G1 phase, which prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation.
==Preliminary data==
===Breast cancer, ER-positive===
#DAWNA-1: Xu B, Zhang Q, Zhang P, Hu X, Li W, Tong Z, Sun T, Teng Y, Wu X, Ouyang Q, Yan X, Cheng J, Liu Q, Feng J, Wang X, Yin Y, Shi Y, Pan Y, Wang Y, Xie W, Yan M, Liu Y, Yan P, Wu F, Zhu X, Zou J; DAWNA-1 Study Consortium. Dalpiciclib or placebo plus fulvestrant in hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: a randomized, phase 3 trial. Nat Med. 2021 Nov;27(11):1904-1909. Epub 2021 Nov 4. link to original article PubMed NCT03927456
#DAWNA-2: Zhang P, Zhang Q, Tong Z, Sun T, Li W, Ouyang Q, Hu X, Cheng Y, Yan M, Pan Y, Teng Y, Yan X, Wang Y, Xie W, Zeng X, Wang X, Hu C, Geng C, Zhang H, Li W, Wu X, Zhong J, Xu J, Shi Y, Wei W, Bayaxi N, Zhu X, Xu B. Dalpiciclib plus letrozole or anastrozole versus placebo plus letrozole or anastrozole as first-line treatment in patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (DAWNA-2): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2023 Jun;24(6):646-657. Epub 2023 May 11. link to original article PubMed NCT03966898
==Also known as==
*Code name: SHR-6390
==References==
Category:Drugs
Category:Oral medications
Category:CDK4 inhibitors
Category:CDK6 inhibitors
Category:Breast cancer medications (investigational)
Category:Investigational drugs
Dalteparin (Fragmin)

==General information==
Class/mechanism: Low molecular weight heparin, binds to antithrombin III, accelerating its activity and inhibiting factor Xa and thrombin.Dalteparin (Fragmin) package insert Dalteparin (Fragmin) package insert (locally hosted backup)Fragmin manufacturer's website
Route: SC
Extravasation: n/a
For conciseness and simplicity, HemOnc.org currently will focus on treatment regimens and not list information such as: renal/hepatic dose adjustments, metabolism (including CYP450), excretion, monitoring parameters (although this will be considered for checklists), or manufacturer. Instead, for the most current information, please refer to your preferred pharmacopeias or the prescribing information.
==Patient drug information==
*Brief patient counseling information can be found in the Dalteparin (Fragmin) package insert
*Dalteparin (Fragmin) patient drug information (UpToDate)Dalteparin (Fragmin) patient drug information (UpToDate)
==History of changes in FDA indication==
*1994-12-22: Initial approval for the prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which may lead to pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients undergoing hip replacement surgery.
*Uncertain date: Subsequently approved for prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in abdominal surgery, hip replacement surgery or medical patients with severely restricted mobility during acute illness and extended treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) to reduce the recurrence in patients with cancer. In these patients, the FRAGMIN therapy begins with the initial VTE treatment and continues for six months.
*2019-05-16: Approved to reduce the recurrence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pediatric patients 1 month of age and older.
==Also known as==
*Brand names: Daltepan, Daltepin, Fluzepamin, Fragmin, Fragmine, Fragminject, Fresubaru, Hepachron, Hepagumin, Ligofragmin, Low Liquemin, Resolmin
==References==
Category:Drugs
Category:Subcutaneous medications
Category:Anticoagulants
Category:Heparins
Category:Low molecular weight heparins
Category:Venous thromboembolism medications
Category:FDA approved in 1994
Danaparoid (Orgaran)

==General information==
Class/mechanism: Low molecular weight heparin
==History of changes in FDA indication==
*2001-06-26: Initial approval
==Also known as==
*Brand name: Orgaran
Category:Drugs
Category:Subcutaneous medications
Category:Anticoagulants
Category:Heparins
Category:Low molecular weight heparins
Category:Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia medications (historic)
Category:Venous thromboembolism medications (historic)
Category:FDA approved in 2001
Category:Discontinued drugs
Danazol (Danocrine)

==Mechanism of action==
Synthetic steroid with multiple mechanisms of action.
==Diseases for which it is used==
*Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
*Myelofibrosis
==Diseases for which it was used==
*Breast cancer
==History of changes in FDA indication==
*1976-06-21: Initial FDA approval
==Also known as==
*Brand names: Danatrol, Danocrine, Danodiol, Danogen, Drane, Ladogal, Novaprin
Category:Drugs
Category:Oral medications
Category:Endocrine therapeutic
Category:Immune thrombocytopenia medications
Category:Myelofibrosis medications
Category:Breast cancer medications (historic)
Category:FDA approved in 1976
Danicopan (Voydeya)

==Mechanism of action==
Complement factor D inhibitor
==Diseases for which it is established==
*Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)
==History of changes in FDA indication==
*2024-03-29: Approved as an add-on therapy to ravulizumab or eculizumab for the treatment of extravascular hemolysis (EVH) in adults with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). (Based on ALPHA)
==Also known as==
*Code name: ALXN-2040
*Brand name: Voydeya
Category:Drugs
Category:Oral medications
Category:Complement factor D inhibitors
Category:Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria medications
Category:FDA approved in 2024
Dapsone (Aczone)

==General information==
Class/mechanism: Antibacterial, inhibits bacterial synthesis of dihydrofolic acid, via competition with para-aminobenzoate for the active site of dihydropteroate synthetase.
Route: PO
Extravasation: N/A
For conciseness and simplicity, HemOnc.org currently will focus on treatment regimens and not list information such as: renal/hepatic dose adjustments, metabolism (including CYP450), excretion, monitoring parameters (although this will be considered for checklists), or manufacturer. Instead, for the most current information, please refer to your preferred pharmacopeias or the prescribing information.
==Diseases for which it is used==
No known antineoplastic properties. Used as an alternative to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim DS) or Pentamidine (Nebupent) for PCP/PJP prophylaxis.
==Also known as==
*Brand name: Aczone
Category:Drugs
Category:Oral medications
Category:Antibacterials
Category:PCP prophylaxis
Category:FDA approved in 1979
Daratumumab and vorhyaluronidase (Darzquro)

==General information==
Class/mechanism: Anti-CD38 antibody, human monoclonal IgG1 kappa. Daratumumab binds to CD38 and causes apoptosis in CD38-expressing cells via Fc mediated cross-linking, complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and antibody dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). CD38 is present on the cell surface of multiple myeloma (MM), plasma leukemia, and natural killer (NK) cells.
==Diseases for which it is used==
*Light-chain (AL) amyloidosis
*Multiple myeloma
==History of changes in PMDA indication==
*2021-03-23: Newly indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
*2021-08-25: New indication and a new dosage for the treatment of systemic AL amyloidosis.
==Also known as==
*Generic name: daratumumab and vorhyaluronidase alfa
*Brand name: Darzquro
Category:Drugs
Category:Subcutaneous medications
Category:Anti-CD38 antibodies
Category:Light-chain (AL) amyloidosis medications
Category:Multiple myeloma medications
Category:PMDA approved in 2021
Category:Janssen Biotech product
Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp)

==General information==
Class/mechanism: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA), stimulates division and differentiation of erythroid precursors.Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) package insert Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) package insert (locally hosted backup)Aranesp manufacturer's websiteAs of 4/14/2017, use of this medication in patients with oncologic diagnoses no longer requires enrollment in the ESA APPRISE Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) Program
Route: SC, IV
Extravasation: no information
For conciseness and simplicity, HemOnc.org currently will focus on treatment regimens and not list information such as: renal/hepatic dose adjustments, metabolism (including CYP450), excretion, monitoring parameters (although this will be considered for checklists), or manufacturer. Instead, for the most current information, please refer to your preferred pharmacopeias or the prescribing information.
==Significant side effects==
#Bennett CL, Silver SM, Djulbegovic B, Samaras AT, Blau CA, Gleason KJ, Barnato SE, Elverman KM, Courtney DM, McKoy JM, Edwards BJ, Tigue CC, Raisch DW, Yarnold PR, Dorr DA, Kuzel TM, Tallman MS, Trifilio SM, West DP, Lai SY, Henke M. Venous thromboembolism and mortality associated with recombinant erythropoietin and darbepoetin administration for the treatment of cancer-associated anemia. JAMA. 2008 Feb 27;299(8):914-24. link to original article EuroPMC
==Diseases for which it is used==
*Myelodysplastic syndrome
==Patient drug information==
*Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) package insert
*Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) patient drug information (Chemocare)Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) patient drug information (Chemocare)
*Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) patient drug information (UpToDate)Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) patient drug information (UpToDate)
==History of changes in PMDA indication==
*2014-12-18: New additional indication and a new dosage for the treatment of anemia due to myelodysplastic syndrome.
==Also known as==
*Brand names: Actorise, Aranesp, Bionesp, Cresp, Darba, Darbecure, Darbecon, Darbenef, Darbelife, Darbetin, Darbilen, Darbosis, Darbitop, Darbotin, Darcert, Dargetin, Dargen, Darjet, Darbex, Derise, Juvobin, Kabidarba, Neph-Darb, Nesp, Nespo, Zynesp
==References==
Category:Drugs
Category:Subcutaneous medications
Category:Intravenous medications
Category:Hematopoietic growth factors
Category:Erythrocyte growth factors
Category:Myelodysplastic syndrome medications
Category:FDA approved in 2001