Herbert Glejser

Herbert Glejser, born 2 January 1938, is a Belgian economist and econometrician known for the Glejser test, a statistics test for heteroskedasticity he developed in 1969. 
As a University Professor, he taught in Belgium, in the United States and in Israel. 
Editor, he founded the European Economic Review in 1969 with Jean Waelbroeck. 
Also a poetry author, his collection of poems La rencontre à l'aube (The Meeting at Dawn) was published in 1954..
==Biography==
===Early life===
Herbert Glejser was born on in Vienna, Austria, from a Jewish family. The Anschluss on forced his parents to flee from Austria and seek refuge in Belgium. The Glejser family has obtained Belgian citizenship in 1955.
After his high school studies in Athénée royal de Bruxelles, Herbert Glejser started University at the age of 16, at the Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) in the Social, Political and Economical Sciences Departement. Simultaneously, he enrolled in a degree in Business Engineering at the École de Commerce Solvay (now Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management). In 1958, aged 20, he received his BA in Commercial Engineering and in March 1963, then 25, completed his PhD in Economics. 
In 1954, aged 16, his poetry collection, La rencontre à l'aube. Poèmes de mes 9 à 16 ans, was published.
===Academic life===
In 1959, aged 21, Herbert Glejser was hired as Secretary and Research fellow at the Department in Applied Economics of ULB (DULBEA), the research centre of the Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management and the Université libre de Bruxelles.
Assistant Professor at the ULB from 1963, Herbert Glejser became a full Professor in Economics in 1969, aged 31.
His interest focused in applied statistics and macroeconomics and, in 1981, he became one of the few Belgian economists to support the devaluation of the Belgian franc, despite the views of the National Bank of Belgium.Paul Hatry, sénateur, Annales du Sénat de Belgique, Séance du 2 mars 1982, https://www.senate.be/handann/S0016/S00163862/S00163862.pdf Glejser deemed this measure inevitable to save "this impossible monster the Belgian economy had become". The Belgian franc has later been devalued, in February 1982.
In Belgium, from 1969, Herbert Glejser has taught in Brussels universities (ULB and VUB) and from 1974 at the Facultés universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, in Namur. Abroad, he has been visiting Professor in the United States, notably at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1970 and 1974, at University of California, Berkeley in 1970, at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) in 1991; in Israel at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1980-1981; in Germany at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and in Brazil at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, in 1996.
Council Member and Emeritus fellow of the European Economic Association from 1986 to 1990, Glejser has been a Consultant for the European Economic Community from 1993.
===Honors and award===
Herbert Glejser received the Fulbright Program scholarship in 1974, a visiting scholar grant in Harvard University for his project research on "Econometric analysis of American capital abroad".https://fulbrightscholars.org/grantee/herbert-glejser He has been was awarded a Professor Chair from the Francqui Foundation in 1982-1983, and won the Pommerehne Prize from the Association for Cultural Economics International (ACEI) in 2002 for his article Efficiency and inefficiency in the ranking in competitions: The case of the Queen Elisabeth Music Contest, co-written with economist Bruno Heyndels.
===Glejser test===
Herbert Glejser published A New Test for Heteroskedasticity in March 1969 in the Journal of the American Statistical AssociationGlejser, Herbert (1969), A New Test for Heteroskedasticity, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 64:325, 316-323, DOI: 10.1080/01621459.1969.10500976 where he develops a new test for heteroskedasticity, derived from the Park test that had been published by Rolla Edward Park in Econometrica in 1966Park, R. E. (1966). "Estimation with Heteroscedastic Error Terms". Econometrica. 34 (4): 888. JSTOR 1910108
Glejser measures his test against the Goldfeld–Quandt test (1965): "[T]he new test seems to compare favourably, except perhaps in the case of large samples."
In 1996, Leslie George Godfrey has shown that the Glejser test for heteroskedasticity was valid only under conditional symmetry, and suggested some modifications. Improvements to the Glejser test have later been developed by Kyung So ImIm, Kyung So, (2000), Robustifying Glejser test of heteroskedasticity, Journal of Econometrics, 97, issue 1, 179-188 and by José António Machado and João Santos SilvaMachado, José António and Santos Silva, João, (2000), Glejser's test revisited, Journal of Econometrics, 97, issue 1, 189-202. In 2020, a comparative study on the efficacy of nine popularly used tests for heteroskedasticity has shown Glejser test to provide the highest performance in case of exponential and linear exponential heteroskedastic structures.
In 2020, the Glejser test was used to test the Dunning-Kruger hypothesis.
===European Economic Review===
In 1969, Herbert Glejser and Jean Waelbroeck founded and became first editors of the European Economic Review (EER).
They remained sole editors from 1969 to 1986, while EER publishers changed from the International Association of Applied Economics (ASEPELT) to North-Holland, then Elsevier. Over this period of time, over 10'000 article pages were selected by ca. 2'000 peer reviewers. In 1986, Glejser and Waelbroeck were joined by Peter Neary and Agnar Sandmo as associated editors.
Jean Waelbroeck remained co-Editor-in-chief until 1991, Herbert Glejser for 25 years, until 1993. 
===See also===
*Glejser test
*European Economic Review
===Publications===
* 2012 The United States Is Edging towards a Comparative Advantage in Services(en) Glejser, Herbert, (2012), The United States Is Edging towards a Comparative Advantage in Services, CESifo Forum, 13 (2), 66-68, Munich, Germany
* 2002 The support of the euro in the fifteen EU countries - politics and economics(en) Glejser, Herbert, (2002), The support of the euro in the fifteen EU countries - politics and economics, CESifo Forum, 3 (1), 60-62, Munich, Germany
* 2000 Decreasing Returns to Scale for the Small Country due to Scarcity or Indivisibility - A Test on Sport(en) Glejser, Herbert, (2000), Decreasing Returns to Scale for the Small Country due to Scarcity or Indivisibility - A Test on Sport, No 294, CESifo Working Paper Series, Munich, Germany
* 1995 Estimativas dos efeitos no comércio da entrada de Portugal e Espanha na União Européia(pt) Glejser, Herbert, and Moro, Sueli, (1995), Estimativas dos efeitos no comércio da entrada de Portugal e Espanha na União Européia, Nova Economia, 5, issue 2, p. 119-136, Brasil
* 1982 Du nouveau franc au renouveau économique: ébauche d'un programme(fr) Glejser, Herbert and Waelbroeck, Jean, (1982), Du nouveau franc au renouveau économique: ébauche d'un programme, Brussels Economic Review, 94, issue , p. 163-185
*1976 Quantitative studies of international economic relations
* 1971 Higher inflation rates and international imbalances(en) Glejser, H., and Halberthal, I., (1971), Higher inflation rates and international imbalances, Brussels Economic Review, 50, 205-208
* 1969-1993 European Economic Review (Editor and author)
* 1968 An explanation of differences in trade-product ratios among countries(en) Glejser, Herbert, (1968), An explanation of differences in trade-product ratios among countries, Brussels Economic Review, 37, 47-58
* 1966 Controllo economico, gratuità e benessere(it) Glejser, Herbert, (1966), Controllo economico, gratuità e benessere, Rivista internazionale di scienze economiche e commerciali, 13, 1162-1170
* 1965 Inflation, productivity, and relative prices - A statistical study(en) Glejser, Herbert, (1965), Inflation, productivity, and relative prices - A statistical study, Harvard University Press, The review of economics and statistics, 1965, Vol.47 (1), 76-80 
* 1959 Croissances industrielles comparées de l'Union Soviétique et des États-Unis(fr) Glejser, Herbert, (1959), Croissances industrielles comparées de l'Union Soviétique et des États-Unis, Brussels Economic Review, 3, 379-408
* 1954 La rencontre à l'aube, Poèmes de mes 9 à 16 ans
Category:1938 births	
Category:People from Vienna
Category:Belgian people
Category:Economists
Category:Econometricians