nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Cathode

== Description ==
The electrode by which current leaves the electrolytic device. The cathode is the site where reduction occurs; corrosion or oxidation occurs at the anode. In electrolysis, the cathode is negative and attracts cations. In a battery or voltaic cell, the transfer of charges of cations to the cathode makes it the positive terminal.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Kathode (Deut.); cathode (Fr.);
==Resources and Citations==
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971
* David C. Scott, Metallography and Microstructure of Ancient and Historic Metals, The Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles, 1991
Category:Materials database
Cathodoluminescence

== Description ==
A type of luminescence produced by a material when it is excited by a beam of electrons (e.g. cathode ray tube). Cathodoluminescence is the source of illumination in CRT screens for televisions and computer monitors. In geology, a cathodoluminescence microscope is used to examine internal structures of rock samples in order to study the history of the rock.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
elektronoluminescencja (Pol.); katodoluminescencja (Pol.);
==Resources and Citations==
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathodoluminescence (accessed Nov 2005)
Category:Materials database
Cationic detergent

== Description ==
A class of synthetic surfactants in which the active group has a positive charge in water. Cationic detergents are more strongly absorbed on fabrics that are anionic or nonionic surfactants. They are used as wetting agents, fabric softeners, bacteriostats and emulsifiers. Example of cationic detergents are quaternary ammonium compounds, benzalkonium chloride and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide. They will precipitate when mixed with an anionic detergent (soap).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
invert soap
== Resources and Citations ==
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* Rosalie Rosso King, Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985
Category:Materials database
Catlinite

== Description ==
A hardened red clay mainly found in Pipestone County, Minnesota. Catlinite was named for George Catlin, an American painter of western scenes (Bucher 1996). It is also called Indian pipestone, because Native Americans carve ceremonial pipes from this material.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Indian pipestone
==Resources and Citations==
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Catskill marble

== Description ==
The common name for a fossil-filled limestone quarried in the Catskill Mountains of New York (Lent 1925). Catskill Marble is a dark brown color with numerous shell patterns. The hard dense stone polishes well. It was primarily used in engineering works before the quarry ceased operations in the early 20th century.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Catskill limestone
==Resources and Citations==
* F.Lent, Trade names and Descriptions of Marbles, Limestones, Sandstones, Granites and Other Building Stones Quarried in the United States Canada and other Countries, Stone Publishing Co, New York, 1925.
Category:Materials database
Cattail fiber

== Description ==
Short, fluffy fibers obtained from the cylindrical flowers of cattail plants, Typha latifolia and Typha augustifolia. Cattails are found in wetlands and swampy areas throughout North America. The cattail fibers are used for filling pillows, upholstery, and life jackets. They provide sound and heat insulation as well as buoyancy. Cattail leaves were also used to make seats for rush-bottomed chairs.
* For cattail fiber identification, see http://cameo.mfa.org/wiki/Category:FRIL:_Narrow-Leaved_Cattail
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
typha; typhus; bulrush (Br.); bullrush (Br.); reedmace (old Br.); Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail, common bulrush); Typha augustifolia (Narrowleaf cattail, lesser bulrush); Typha minima (Dwarf bulrush); vezel van de kattenstaart of lisdodde (Typha latifolia) of paardenstaart (genus Equisetum) of doddegras (genus Phleum) of wilgenkatje (Ned);
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Fiber length = 25 mm (1 inch). Cross section = round.
== Resources and Citations ==
* G.Cook, Handbook of Textile Fibres:I. Natural Fibres, 5th edition, Merrow Publishing Co., Durham, England, 1984.
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 430
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Wikipedia: Typha. Accessed Oct. 30, 2004
Category:Materials database
Caustic potash

== Description ==
Common name for potassium hydroxide used prior to 1800s when chemical names were standardized (Schur 1985).
See potassium hydroxide.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
potassa; potassium hydrate; potassium hydroxide
==Resources and Citations==
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
* Meredith Montague, contributed information, 1998
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 737
Category:Materials database
Caustic soda

== Description ==
Common name for sodium hydroxide used prior to the 1800s when chemical compound names were standardized (Schur 1985). It was also called lye. 
See sodium hydroxide.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
lye; sodium hydroxide
== Resources and Citations ==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 737
* Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
* Tom Rowland, Noel Riley, A-Z Guide to Cleaning, Conserving and Repairing Antiques, Constable and Co., Ltd., London, 1981
Category:Materials database
Cedar of Lebanon

== Description ==
A large conical shaped evergreen, Cedrus libani, native to Asia Minor. Cedar of Lebanon is one of the few true cedar trees although many other aromatic evergreens are commonly called cedars. Cedars are characterized by having an strong smelling volatile oil whose odor persists after the wood is cut and dried. The soft, lightweight wood has a fine grain, two alternating colors and takes a beautiful polish. Cedar is durable and very resistant to insects and rotting. In ancient Egypt, cedar was used for sarcophagi, coffins, statuary and burial shrines (Gale et al 2000). Currently cedar is used for construction, cabinetry, interior trim, closets and chest. Other true cedar trees are Atlas cedar (C. atlantica), Cyprus cedar (C. brevifolia), and deodar (C. deodara).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Cedrus libani; cèdre du Liban (Fr.); Libanon-Zedar (Deut.); cedro del Libano (Esp., It.); cedro do Libano (Port.)
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Color: Alternating regions of reddish brown and light brown. High resin content, resin canals visible. Aromatic. Rings: distinct. Pores: absent. Grain: distinct. Rays: obscure. Soft, lightweight.
Density 	28 ppcf
Molecular Weight	specific gravity = 0.45
== Resources and Citations ==
* R.Gale, P.Gasson, N.Hepper, G.Killen, "Wood" in Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technology, P.Nicholson, I.Shaw (eds.), Cambridge University Press, 2000, p. 334-371.
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "cedar" [Accessed May 5, 2004].
* Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technologies, Paul Nicholson, Ian Shaw (eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000 Comment: R.Gale, P.Gasson, N.Hepper, G.Killen, "Wood"
* H.L.Edlin, What Wood is That?, Viking Press, New York, 1969
Category:Materials database
Cedar oil

== Description ==
An essential oil obtained from the leaves of cedar and cedar-like trees, such as Juniperus virginiana. Cedar oil has been used as a fragrance in soaps, watercolor paints, polishes, and cleaners. It was also added to a lanolin and beeswax mixture prepared as a leather dressing. Cedar oil has also been used as an insect repellent because its odor is repulsive to many species.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Juniperus virginiana; esencia de cedro (Esp.); olio di cedro (It); oil of cedar; cedarwood oil; oil of cedarwood
== Risks ==
* Toxic. 
* Inhalation or contact may cause irritation. 
* ThermoFisher: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Soluble in ethanol.
CAS 	8000-27-9
Density 	0.943-0.961 g/ml
Refractive Index	1.504
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 426
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Cedarized paper

== Description ==
Paper that has been treated with cedar oil. Cedarized paper was used as an insect and moth repellent. It was wrapped around furniture and small objects prior to storage.
==Resources and Citations==
* E.J.LaBarre, Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Paper-making, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 1969
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
Category:Materials database
Ceder green

== Description ==
An obsolete 16th and 17th century pigment that was probably composed of chrysocolla, a copper silicate (Harley 1982). It was used in watercolor paints.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
crisocolla (It.)
==Resources and Citations==
R.Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982.
Category:Materials database
Ceiba

== Description ==
A giant silk cotton tree, Ceiba pentandra, native to tropical regions of west Africa, southeast Asia, and cultivated in Central America. Ceiba wood is lightweight and not very strong. It does not hold screws well, but the logs have been used for many carved items including canoes and dugout boats. The tree is cultivated for its seeds which produce kapok fibers. 
See also kapok.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Ceiba pentandra; kapokier (Fr.); bois coton(Fr.); fromager (Fr.); sumaúma (Port.); silk cotton tree; kapok tree; Honduras cottonwood; Java cotton; java kapok
==Resources and Citations==
* F. H. Titmuss, Commercial Timbers of the World, The Technical Press Ltd., London, 1965 Comment: Ceiba pentandra
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 Comment: Ceiba pentandra
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "kapok" Kapok tree = Ceiba pentandra [Accessed May 5, 2004].
Category:Materials database
Celadon

== Description ==
A soft, gray-green, iron-containing ceramic glaze. Similar in color to celadonite, celadon glaze is prepared by firing iron oxide in a reducing oven. Celadon was developed during the Sung Dynasty and was valued for its resemblance to jade (Mayer 1969). 
See also green earth.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
celedone; celadón (Esp.); céladon (Fr., Port.); celadon (Ned.)
== Additional Images ==
File:image9_celadon.jpg|Tile with celadon color glaze
==Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Robert Fournier, Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery, Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Celadonite

== Description ==
A soft, gray-green, iron silicate mineral. Celadonite was first described in 1847 on Mr. Baldo near Verona, Italy. It is a mica type mineral that has been found as a pigment in some Chinese and Indian paintings. 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
green earth; celadonita (Esp.); Seladonit (Deut.), Celadonit (Deut.); céladonite (Fr.); seladonitis (Gr.); celadonite (It., Port.); terra verde (It.); groene aarde (Ned.)
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Composition 	K(Mg,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Al)[Si4O10](OH)2
Mohs Hardness 	2
Density 	2.5-2.7 g/ml
Refractive Index	1.62
== Additional Images ==
File:PIG376.jpg|XRD pattern of green earth
File:Celadonite, collodion slide (Forbes MFA 376), 532nm.TIF|Raman (MFA)
File:Celadonite.PNG|FTIR (MFA)
File:Slide2 celadonite.PNG|XRF
File:f376sem.jpg|SEM
File:f376edsbw.jpg|EDS
==Resources and Citations==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966 Comment: density 2.5-2.7 and ref.index.1.62
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celadonite (Accessed Sept. 2, 2005)mohs=2, spec. grav=3)
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Celandine

== Description ==
A yellow to orange dye obtained from the greater celandine, Chelidonium majus, plant. The celandine dye is extracted from the ground roots, stems, and leaves. It produces a yellow dye with good lightfastness using an aluminum mordant.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Chelidonium majus (greater celandine); swallowwort; tetterwort; fellonwort; wartweed; kill-wart; devil's milk; celidonia (It.)
==Resources and Citations==
* R.J. Adrosko, Natural Dyes in the United States, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, 1968
* R.D. Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
Category:Materials database
Celastic

== Description ==
[Atlas Orthopedic International, Inc.] A non-woven, polystyrene -impregnated fabric that becomes moldable when activated with solvent (Acetone or MEK). When Celastic® is dry, it forms a stiff, lightweight shell that is able to hold its shape at large scale. The versatile material is used by model makers, costume and stage designers, taxidermists, and float makers to produce and maintain shapes. Celastic® is also used by orthopedists and shoemakers for lightweight shoe and orthotic support. In museums, it has been used for reinforcing joins on fragmentary archaeological vessels and as shape supports for fabric.
The original Celastic material, trademarked in 1926, was impregnated with cellulose nitrate. It was used widely in the theatrical industry from the 1930s-80s for prop-making (Eric Hart). A reformulated version, sold since 2005, does not contain toxic materials. Alternatives developed in recent years include Varaform, Wonderflex (heat-activated thermoplastic), and Fosshape (heat-activated thermoplastic).
==Applications==
* Sculpting models and masks
* Toe box, toe puffs, heel counters
* Taxidermy
==Risks==
* CelasticWorld: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Celastic® is soluble in acetone and MEK
* Insoluble in water
==Working Properties==
* Can be cut to size with scissors
* Becomes moldable when immersed in solvent.
* Working time with acetone is less than MEK; acetone activated material has less tack during working period 
* The hard, rigid form may be drilled, sanded and painted.
==Forms and Sizes==
* Sheets (29" x 54") in thicknesses from 0.8-2.0 mm
* Rolls (54" x 120 feet) in thicknesses from 0.8-1.2 mm
* Rolls (54" x 95 feet) in thicknesses from 1.5-2.0 mm
==Resources and Citations==
* CelasticWorld website: celasticworld.com
* Atlas Orthopedic International, Inc.; parent company of Celasticworld; and tradename holder of Celastic®
* Bob Holkan, Atlas International, Submitted information, July 2024.
* Eric Hart, Prop Agenda: Celastic
* Chris White, Arizona State Museum, Submitted information, March 2008.
Category:Materials database
Celestial blue

== Description ==
A variety of Prussian blue often mixed with barium sulfate (Mayer 1969). It was also called Brunswick blue and daylight blue.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
daylight blue; Brunswick blue; blu celestiale (It.); azul celeste (Port.)
==Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* B. Berrie, S.Q. Lomax, 'Azo Pigments: Their History, Synthesis, Properties and Use in Artists' Materials', Studies in the History of Art , National Gallery of Art, Washington DC, No. 57, 1997
Category:Materials database
Celestite

== Description ==
A pale blue naturally occuring mineral composed of strontium sulfate. Celestite is found in sedimentary stone usually in conjunction with halite and dolomitic limestone. Specimens have been found in England (Bristol), Italy (Sicily), Mexico (Matehuala) and the U.S.(Ohio, California). Celestite is mined as a source of strontium. It is also used in the manufature of ceramics, glass, and fireworks.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
celestine; strontium sulfate
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|celestiteRS.jpg~Raman|Celestineitaly1.jpg~Raman]]]
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Orthorhombic system with tabular 
* Perfect cleavage in one direction; good in two directions. 
* Fracture = uneven. 
* Luster = vitreous to pearly. 
* Streak = white
* Mohs Hardness =crystals. 
* Sometimes fluorescent. 3.0 - 3.5
* Density = 3.9-4.0 g/ml
==Resources and Citations==
* Mineralogy Database: Celestine
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "celestite." Accessed 8 Dec. 2004.
* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestite (Accessed Sept 2, 2005)
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983
Category:Materials database
Celite

== Description ==
[Celite Corp., NY] A registered trademark for diatomaceous earth. Celite is used as a sorbent, paint additive, inert filler, and flatting agent.
==Resources and Citations==
* World Minerals: Website
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 267
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Reed Kay, The Painter's Guide To Studio Methods and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1983
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
Category:Materials database
Cellaire

==Description==
[SEE formerly Sealed Air] Polyethylene closed-cell foam packaging materials. Cell-Aire® is a lightweight product that provides protection and is an efficient replacement for bulkier, heavier packaging materials. The high-cling, low-slip material is made of recyclable, low-density polyethylene, thus helping to reduce solid waste.
Note: A second similar product exists with nearly the same name. CellAir Technology Manufacturing Corporation also sells polyethylene foam insulation. Their PE insulation is made from virgin polyethylene, not recycled materials in order to minimize potential for contamination.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Cell-Aire (Sealed Air, USA)); Celair (sp); CellAir (Technology Manufacturing Corporation, Phillipines); Protecta Foam (Protecta, Australia)
== Collection Risks ==
Links to Oddy Test results posted on AIC Wiki Materials Database Pages for individual materials below
° ]m/wiki/Oddy_Test_Results:_Case_Construction_Materials#cellair0001 Cellair (closed cell foam)] Tested in 1996
° Cellaire polyethylene foam cushioning material, Tested in 2006
==Resources and Citations==
* Sealed Air: Cell-Aire
* CellAir: Home
Category:Materials databaseCategory: MWGCategory: Foams
Cellit

== Description ==
A brand name for a cellulose acetate solution described in a series of German patents from 1901 to 1920. At one time, Cellit was used to make acetate silk, and acetate safety film and as a non-flammable replacement for Zapon-lack.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
cellulose acetate; acetylcellulose
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Soluble in acetone, acetic acid.
==Resources and Citations==
* E.J.LaBarre, Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Paper-making, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 1969
* Website: http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/321/7276/1591
Category:Materials database
Cellofas

== Description ==
[ICI] A registered trademark for a water-soluble polymer composed of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Cellofas is used as an adhesive and consolidant.
==Resources and Citations==
* R.Feller, M.Wilt, Evaluation of Cellulose Ethers for Conservation, in Research in Conservation Series, Getty Conservation Institute, 1990.
* Conservation termlist: www.hants.org.uk/museums (2000)
Category:Materials database
Celloidin

== Description ==
A former trademark for a pure cellulose nitrate solution used to embed tissues, prepare microscope slides and make photographic film emulsions. Celloidin was first used about 1880. It was sold as tough gelatinous tablets or chips that were dissolve in ethanol for use.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
celloidine; celuloide (Esp.);
== Risks ==
* Flammable.
* Loba Chem: : MSDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone.
Category:Materials database
Cellolyn

== Description ==
[Hercules Inc] A registered trademark for a series of low-melting hydroabietyl ester resins. Cellolyn® resins are used for lacquers, inks and adhesives. Cellolyn® 21 is a phthalate ester of hydroabietyl alcohol. It is added to BEVA as a tackifier.
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 27
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Marie Svoboda, Conservation Survey Index, unpublished, 1997
* Meredith Montague, contributed information, 1998
* External source or communication Comment: L. Nieuwenhuizen, "Synthetic fill materials for skin, leather and furs", JAIC 1998, Volume 37, Number 1(10), pp. 135-145.
* Website address 1 Comment: www.herc.com
Category:Materials database