nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
United Torah Judaism

United Torah Judaism , is a Haredi, religious conservative political alliance in Israel. The alliance, consisting of Agudat Yisrael and Degel HaTorah, was first formed in 1992, in order to maximize Ashkenazi Haredi representation in the Knesset. Despite the alliance splitting in 2004 over rabbinical differences, the parties reconciled in 2006, in order to prevent vote wasting. In April 2019, the party achieved its highest number of seats ever, receiving eight seats. It is part of the so called National camp.
Unlike similar religiously-oriented parties like Shas, The Jewish Home, Tkuma, and Noam, UTJ is non-Zionist. Unlike some other Haredim, the party is notable for its usage of technology and electronic communication.
== Structure and constituency ==
UTJ has always been a coalition of two individual parties, choosing to take advantage of Israeli election law in order to maximize the number of seats it can gain in the Knesset (and thus maximize its influence):
* The Agudat Yisrael ("Union of Israel") party that is guided by the followers of Hasidism in Israel, and also consisting of Ashkenazi Jews. The leading members of this party are the followers of the Ger, Vizhnitz, and Belz Hasidim.
* The Degel HaTorah ("Banner of the Torah") party that is guided by the rabbinic heads (usually the leading rosh yeshivas ("deans") of the Lithuanian yeshivas) of non-Hasidic Haredi Ashkenazi Jews.
The Agudat Yisrael faction takes its directions from the Hasidic rebbes of Ger (Rabbi Yaakov Aryeh Alter), Vizhnitz (Rabbi Yisroel Hager), and Belz (Rabbi Yissachar Dov Rokeach). Policy decisions are also weighed and decided by a Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah ("Council of Torah Sages"), a council of communal rabbis, made up of mostly senior and elderly rebbes.
Degel HaTorah's pre-eminent sages are Rabbi Chaim Kanievsky and Rabbi Gershon Edelstein, of Bnei Brak. Policy decisions are also weighed and decided by their own "Moetzes" (Council) of experienced communal rabbis, made up of mostly senior and elderly rosh yeshivas.
==Election results==
Election	Leader 	Votes 	% 	Seats	+/–	Government
1992 	Avraham Yosef Shapira	86,167 	3.29 (#7)	 	3 	
1996 	Meir Porush 	98,657 	3.23 (#8)	 	 	
1999 	Meir Porush 	125,741	3.80 (#9)	 	1 	
2003 	Yaakov Litzman 	135,087	4.29 (#8)	 	 	
2006 	Yaakov Litzman 	147,091	4.69 (#8)	 	1 	
2009 	Yaakov Litzman 	147,954	4.39 (#6)	 	1 	
2013 	Yaakov Litzman 	195,892	5.16 (#6)	 	2 	
2015 	Yaakov Litzman 	210,143	4.99 (#9)	 	1 	
Apr 2019	Yaakov Litzman 	249,049	5.78 (#4)	 	2 	
Sep 2019	Yaakov Litzman 	268,688	6.06 (#6)	 	1 	
2020 	Yaakov Litzman 	274,437	5.98 (#5)	 	 	
2021 	Moshe Gafni 	248,391	5.63 (#7)	 	 	
2022 	Yitzhak Goldknopf 	280,125	5.88 (#6)	 	 	
==Notes==
Uniting Britain Charitable Trust

(Charity number 1063484)
==People==
===Trustees Circa 2010===
*Dr Richard Stone | Rokhsana Fiaz appointed 30 June 2009 | Lakhbir Bhandal | Selina Ullah | Jeremy Crookhttps://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20100717055530/http://www.charitycommission.gov.uk/Showcharity/RegisterOfCharities/PrintReport.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=1063484&ReportType=COLOURhttps://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/03376712/officers
==See also==
*Maimonides Foundation
*Alif-Aleph Foundation
*Stone Ashdown Trust
==Notes==
Universal Exports Charity Foundation

Universal Exports Charity Foundation is a British charity registered in July 2010.Charity Framework UNIVERSAL EXPORTS CHARITY FOUNDATION, Charity Commission, accessed 18 October 2011.</ref> According to its entry in the Register of Charities, it operates in Gabon, Ghana, Liberia, the Republic of Congo and Sierra Leone.
==40 George Street connections==
According to the Daily Mail, the Foundation is linked to the security company G3 Good Governance:
::G3 also funds what it describes as a ‘charitable organisation’ – Universal Exports Charity Foundation, which is named after the company used as a cover for MI6 in the James Bond films.
::Universal Exports Charity Foundation is administered and run by Laura Tantum, who Sky News reported to be the daughter of Geoffrey Tantum, a former MI6 Middle East director.Tim Shipman and Christian Gysin, The intelligence experts who doubled profits under Dr Fox since he became minister, MailOnline, 15 October 2011.
==Charitable Objects==
The Foundation's charitable objects are as follows:
::TO PROMOTE ANY ONE OR MORE OF THE FOLLOWING CHARITABLE PURPOSES FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE PUBLIC IN SUCH WAYS AS THE TRUSTEES CONSIDER APPROPRIATE.
::1 THE ADVANCEMENT OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION AND RECONCILIATION PROVIDED THAT ALL ACTIVITIES SHALL BE BALANCED AND SHALL MAINTAIN OR ENHANCE THE CHARITY'S COMMITMENT TO REMAIN IMPARTIAL
::2 THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE PROTECTION OR IMPROVEMENT OF THE PHYSICAL AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
::3 THE ADVANCEMENT OF HEALTH THROUGH THE PREVENTION OF DISEASE AND THE PROMOTION OF DISEASE CONTROL
::4 THE ADVANCEMENT OF EDUCATION; AND
::5 THE RELIEF OF THOSE IN NEED BY REASON OF YOUTH, AGE, ILL-HEALTH, DISABILITY, FINANCIAL HARDSHIP OR OTHER DISADVANTAGE
==People==
===Trustees===
*Jeremy John Durham Ashdown
*Robyn Scott
*Andrew Wright
*Lady Deborah Peat
===Staff===
*Laura Tantum
==Notes==
Category:Charities
University of Birmingham

==PR and lobbying firms==
*Lodestone Communications Lodestone Communications Our clients, accessed 27 July 2015.
==Affiliations==
*Research TV
*Policy Commission on the future of nuclear energy chaired by former minister Philip Hunt from July 2011 Policy Commission on ‘Nuclear Power: What does the future hold?, Birmingham University website, undated, accessed 9 May 2011 
Category:Nuclear Spin
University of Buckingham Foundation

The University of Buckingham Foundation manage the finances of the University of Buckingham, the UK's only private university. The University of Buckingham Foundation took control of the university's endowment fund in 2003University of Buckingham, Financial statements for the year ended 31st December 2006, University of Buckingham, Accessed 05-September-2010.
==Affiliations==
University of Buckingham
==Notes==
University of Durham

==People==
*Professor Richard Davies, head of the Durham Energy Institute (DEI), partners include BP, Chevron and Shell and UK fracking company IGas. Davies previously spent seven years in the petroleum industry in Aberdeen, London and Houston with ExxonMobil, working on development and exploration projects. Has reportedly received over a million pounds in grants directly from oil and gas companies in recent years.
==Publications==
*"Oil and gas wells and their integrity: Implications for shale and unconventional resource exploitation", Marine and Petroleum Geology, 25 March 2014, ReFINE ( a review of global well integrity)
==Affiliations==
*Researching Fracking in Europe (ReFINE) - Professor Davies is head of its Executive Steering Committee.
==Contact==
:Website:
==Resources==
==Notes==
Category:FrackingCategory:Fracking:Academics
University of East Anglia

University of East Anglia celebrated its fiftieth birthday in 2013. History of the University University of East Anglia, accessed 10 November 2014 
The university is described as 'a research-intensive institution.' They are internationally renowned for research excellence, being 'placed in the world top 60 for research impact through citations of our research by the Times Higher Education world rankings for 2012'. Explore our Research University of East Anglia, accessed 10 Novemver 2014 
==Affiliations== 
The University of East Anglia is a donor to the Science Media Centre. SMC, Funding, accessed 29 September 2013. See also Science Media Centre - Funding | The University hosts residential seminars for the Young Leaders Programme run by the Active Change Foundation and funded by the Home Office and others as part of the Prevent policy.
==Notes==
Category: Science Media CentreCategory:Higher Education in the UK
University of Glasgow

==People==
===Staff===
Andrew Fulton, ex MI6 Station Chief and Scottish Tory Party chair | Richard Mansbach former CIA agentRevealed: university professor worked for CIA Sunday Herald, The, May 23, 2004 by Neil Mackay, Investigations Editor and Ruaridh Arrow |
===Graduates of Glasgow University===
Ewan Cameron, subsequently did work on mind control for the CIA | Raymond Robertson, Lobbyist and Tory politician |
==Resources==
*Andy Rowell, Emails reveal Glasgow University academics' close links to fracking industry, Spinwatch, 24 August 2016 
==Notes==
Category:Higher Education in the UKCategory:Fracking
University of Nottingham

130px|right|
==Fracking==
===Research on public opinion about fracking===
In August 2013 a report by experts Nottingham concluded that 'the British public is beginning to warm to the idea of shale gas'. 
The research team, led by Professor Sarah O'Hara, School of Geography, and Professor Mathew Humphrey, School of Politics and International Relations, carried out regular surveys over a 16-month period to look at people’s perceptions of shale gas.
:Their results show that despite warnings about earthquakes, water contamination, and increasing carbon emissions, the UK public increasingly approve of the exploitation of shale gas as an energy source. 
[...]
:This doesn’t mean shale gas is a wildly popular alternative to other forms of energy but opinion appears to be shifting. Warming to shale gas, University of Nottingham press release, acc 5 December 2013 
However by October 2013 further research by the University revealed that these gains in public support had reversed in the aftermath of the UK’s first significant protest against the use of hydraulic fracturing (or fracking) at Balcombe in Sussex.
While a majority still favoured allowing extraction, the figures had declined between July and September, from 58.3 per cent to 54.1 per cent of those polled. Shale gas loses support following Balcombe protests, University of Nottingham press release 2 October 2013, acc 5 December 2013 
===Presentation to the All Party Parliamentary Group on Unconventional Oil and Gas===
===Research funding===
The research was funded by The University of Nottingham and carried out in collaboration with Dr Rusi Jaspal, Division of Psychology, School of Applied Social Sciences, De Montfort University Leicester, Professor Brigitte Nerlich, School of Sociology and Social Policy and Ms Marianna Poberezhskaya, School of Politics and International Relations, The University of Nottingham. The surveys were carried on behalf of the research team by YouGov.
YouGov funded the first survey in March 2012.
==People==
Julius Gould | Rizwaan Sabir, former Postgraduate student | Colin Campbell - Vice Chancellor until 2008, Sarah O'Hara, Pro-Vice Chancellor, Charlotte Anscombe - Media Relations & Campaign Manager
==Resources==
*Teaching About Terrorism: University of Nottingham
*Colin Campbell, Privatise the universities and cast off their shackles, Sunday Times, 22-August-1999
*Richard Smith, A Tainted University: The Editor Of The Respected British Medical Journal Explains Why He Has Resigned His Chair At Nottingham, The Guardian, 21-May-2001
* Action on Smoking and Heatlh University funding & the tobacco industry
==Notes==
Category:Higher Education in the UKCategory:Fracking
University of Oxford

University of Oxford is a 'world-leading centre of learning, teaching and research and the oldest university in the English-speaking world.' About the University of Oxford University of Oxford, accessed 10 November 2014 
The University has over 22,000 students at Oxford, including 11,772 undergraduates. Facts and Figures University of Oxford, accessed 10 November 2014 
Oxford is said to spend over £5.67 million each year on outreach activities and in addition the University also spends around £7 million on bursaries. 
==Affiliations== 
The University of Oxford is a donor to the Science Media Centre. SMC, Funding, accessed 29 September 2013. See also Science Media Centre - Funding
==Contact==
*Address: University of Oxford, University Offices, Wellington Square, Oxford, OX1 2JD, United Kingdom
*Telephone: +44 1865 270000 
*Fax: +44 1865 270708
==Notes== 
Category:Science Media CentreCategory:Higher Education in the UK
University of St. Andrews

==Former academics and students==
Ralph Harris, (co-founder of the neoliberal think-tank the Institute of Economic Affairs) | Alan Peacock, (free market economist who founded the David Hume Institute) | Madsen Pirie (co-founder of the neoliberal think-tank the The Adam Smith Institute) | Paul Wilkinson, ('Terrorism expert' and co-founder of the Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence)
==Resources==
Terrorexpertise:University of St. Andrews
Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence
University of St Andrews Liberty Club
==Notes==
Category:Higher Education in the UK
University of the Arts

The University of the Arts is the new name for a variety of London colleges now amalgamated into one institution.
==Lobbyists at the University of the Arts==
Its Chancellor is New Labour uber-lobbyist and businessman Lord Dennis Stevenson. Julia Hobsbawm the new Labour PR operative is a visiting professor of Public Relations at the London College of Communication, one of the colleges in the University. Another visiting professor is Carole Tongue the former Labour MEP who works as a lobbyist at Sovereign Strategy Ltd.*Associate Director, Sovereign StrategySovereign Strategy, Carol Tongue, accessed 05 December 2010.
==PR contract==
The University retains Brunswick Arts, part of the Brunswick Group to do its PR. Brunswick is a firm which is connected to Dennis Stevenson, having taken over (in 2000) the consultancy SRU which Stevenson set up with Peter Wallis in the 1970s.
==Think tank==
The University has also set up a journalism think tank under the guidance of Julia Hobsbawm and John Lloyd. It is known as Polis and was created in 2006.
==Notes==
Category:Higher Education in the UK
Upper Park Road, Salford

==M7 4HL==
===4===
*4, Upper Park road, M7 4HL OYY Lubavitch Boys School
===20===
*Tashbar of Manchester Address 20 Upper Park Road, Salford, Lancashire, M7 4HL
==M7 4HY==
===11===
*Habonim Nursery - Location · Address: 11 Upper Park Road, Salford, Lancashire, M7 4HY
===13===
*Mechinoh School Address 13 Upper Park Road, Salford, Lancashire, M7 4HY
*Mechinoh L'yeshiva School 13 Upper Park Rd, Salford M7 4HY
==M7 4GZ==
===40===
*Shaarei Torah Ltd 40 Upper Park Rd, Salford M7 4GZ
==M7 4JA==
===64===
*Manchester Junior Girls' School Address: 64 Upper Park Road, Salford, Lancashire, M7 4JA
==Notes==
Uri David

==Tax Loophole==
In an article in 2002 on the subject of how 'Rich people are costing Britain millions in lost tax by not registering their houses in their own names', the Guardian reports that Uri David's Hampstead home is owned by a Jersey trust company.Evans, R & Hencke, D. (2002) 'Tax loopholes on homes benefit the rich and cost UK millions'. The Guardian 25th May 2002. Accessed 22nd May 2008. The article claims that through the exploitation of legal loopholes 'wealthy individuals... appear to be enjoying the country's choicest property virtually tax-free'. The article also mentions Margaret Thatcher, Mohamed Al Fayed, David Potter, Tony Tabatznik, Lakshmi Mittal, Christopher Ondaatje, Rupert Allason, Wafic Said, Prince Bandar and Isaac Kaye as others who are not the registered owners of their homes who may benefit from such a loophole.
David's home is registered to Speechly Birnam Trust Co, Jersey. He is reported to have UK nationality but is classed as non-domiciled of Israeli origin. It is estimated that his potential savings in inheritance tax and stamp duty is in the region of £560,000The Guardian 'Special Investigation: Tax loopholes on homes benefit the rich and cost UK millions: Choice homes, virtually tax free'. 25th May 2002..
==Suspected Laundering with links to Dictator Abacha of Nigeria==
In a 2002 report by the Guardian, David is reported to control engineering and property firms and is to have had a Swiss bank account with £42m which was 'frozen on suspicion that it may have been used by associates to launder fortune stolen by former dictator Gen Abacha of Nigeria'The Guardian 'Special Investigation: Tax loopholes on homes benefit the rich and cost UK millions: Choice homes, virtually tax free'. 25th May 2002.. 
==Donating to Labour==
In 2002, David is reported to have donated £18,000 to LabourThe Guardian 'Special Investigation: Tax loopholes on homes benefit the rich and cost UK millions: Choice homes, virtually tax free'. 25th May 2002.
==Affiliations==
*United Jewish Israel Appeal, member circa 2004UJIA The People, Retrieved from the Internet Archive of 14 February 2004, accessed 20 October 2011
==References==
Uri Orbach

Uri Orbach is the Minister for Senior Citizens' Affairs in the Israeli Government formed on 18 March 2013.Government 33, knesset.gov.il, accessed 18 March 2013.
==Articles==
*Jewish tolerance limited, ynetnews.com, 11 March 2008.
*Collaborating with the enemy, ynetnews.com, 25 July 2008.
==Notes==
Orbach, Uri
Uri Saguy

Uri Saguy was head of the Israeli Defence Force's Intelligence Branch, Aman, from March 1991 to 1995.NEW CHIEF FOR ISRAEL'S MILITARY INTELLIGENCE, Jane's Intelligence Review, 1 July 1995.
According to Jane's Intelligence Review: "General Saguy was intimately involved in formulating Israeli policy in the Middle East peace process by assessing Arab intentions and options."NEW CHIEF FOR ISRAEL'S MILITARY INTELLIGENCE, Jane's Intelligence Review, 1 July 1995.
==Notes==
Saguy, UriSaguy, Uri
Uri Yehuda Ariel

Uri Yehuda Ariel is the Housing Minister in the Israeli Government formed on 18 March 2013.Government 33, knesset.gov.il, accessed 18 March 2013.
==External resources==
*New housing minister rejects settlement freeze as ‘dreadful’ idea, The Times of Israel, 17 March 2013.
==Notes==
Ariel, Uri
Uriel Reichman

Uriel Reichman (born Tel Aviv, 4 July 1942 The Knesset Website, Knesset Member, Uriel Reichman, accessed 7 August 2009) is an Israeli professor of law and former politician. He founded the Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya, a private college with strong connections with the military and intelligence in Israel.
Reichman was born in Tel Aviv on July 4, 1942, to German Jews who had fled the Nazis. He served as a paratrooper in the early 1960s,. He studied law at Hebrew University, and got a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1975 and by 1985 was dean of the Law Faculty of Tel Aviv University.Haviv Rettig Gur, IDC founder and head Prof. Uriel Reichman says his center will prove to be Israel's panacea, Jerusalem Post, 11 June 2007.
Reichman was a founder of the Shinui party, and was chosen to head its presidium in May 2004. He left in late 2005 to join Ariel Sharon's Kadima party as its candidate for Education Minister. Lily Galili and Assaf Carmel,Shinui looking to founder Reichman and Yaakov Kedmi, Haaretz, 22 January 2006. He resigned from the Knesset in April 2006 after Sharon's successor Ehud Olmert gave the education portfolio to the Labor Party.Mazal Muelem, Reichman leaves Kadima and politics; 'Olmert broke promise Sharon made', Haaretz, 24 April 2006.
In 2008, Reichman told Haaretz:
::Nor do I think there is a problem of big capital and government here, only of government that is greedy for big capital. The Israeli owners of capital whom I know personally - Arison, Ofer, Wertheimer, Dankner, Teshuva, Strauss and others - are people who have the good of the country at heart. They contribute both by their initiatives and by their philanthropy. It is not right to incite against them.
::"What is of great concern to me, however, is that our governing system is not functioning. It is incapable of meeting the challenges of a modern state.Ari Shavit, 'A heavy cloud hangs over us all', Haaretz, 15 May 2008.
==Speeches==
*Address to Closing Session at the 2002 Herzliya conference, archived at the Internet Archive.
==Affiliations==
*Reut Institute, on the founding Steering Committee in 2004.Annual Report 2004, Reut Institute,28 May 2012 | World Zionist Organization rep on the board of the Jewish Agency for Israel
==External resources==
*Professor Uriel Reichman, International Institute for Counter-Terrorism, IDC Herzliya.
*Haviv Rettig Gur, IDC founder and head Prof. Uriel Reichman says his center will prove to be Israel's panacea, Jerusalem Post, 11 June 2007.
*Ari Shavit, 'A heavy cloud hangs over us all', Haaretz, 15 May 2008.
==Notes==
Reichman, UrielCategory:Members of the KnessetReichman, Uriel
Ursula Menke

Ursula Menke was appointed Commissioner of the Financial Consumer Agency of Canada (FCAC) in December 2007. She was most recently Deputy Chief Risk Officer at Public Works and Government Services Canada. Before joining PWGSC, she held a variety of public service positions, including Head of Coordination for Sponsorship Matters at the Privy Council Office, Deputy Commissioner of the Coast Guard, Secretary General of the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission, and Inspector General of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service. In the private sector, she was Vice-President, Counsel and Corporate Secretary at the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company from 1993 to 1998. She also ran a consulting company, Ursula Menke & Associates, from 1998 to 1999.CDIC, CDIC Board of Directors—Biographies, accessed 31 March 2009.
==Resources==
*CDIC, CDIC Board of Directors—Biographies, accessed 31 March 2009.
==Notes==
Menke, Ursula
Usha Prashar

Usha Kumari Prashar, Baroness Prashar (born 29 June 1948) is a cross bench member of the House of Lords. Since the 1970s, she has served as a director or chairman of a variety of public and private sector organisations. She was appointed as chairman of the Judicial Appointments Commission in October 2005.
Prashar was born in Kenya, and came to Yorkshire with her family in the 1960s. She was educated at Wakefield Girls' High School, becoming head girl in 1967. She read politics at the University of Leeds and undertook postgraduate studies in social administration at the University of Glasgow. 
Prashar was a director of the Runnymede Trust from 1976 to 1984, a fellow with the Policy Studies Institute from 1984 to 1986, and a director of the National Council of Voluntary Organisations from 1986 to 1991. She was executive chairman of the Parole Board of England and Wales from October 1997 to October 2000. Having been appointed a Civil Service Commissioner in 1990, she was First Civil Service Commissioner from August 2000 to 2005. She was chairman of the National Literacy Trust from 2001 to 2005. 
She was a non-executive director of Channel Four Television from 1992 to 1999, of Unite Group plc from 2001 to 2004, and became a non-executive director of ITV plc in February 2005. She became a governor of De Montfort University in 1996, and became its Chancellor in 2001. She became a trustee of the BBC World Service Trust in 2002, and is chairman of the Royal Commonwealth Society.
She was awarded a CBE in 1994 and made a Life Peer in 1999 as Baroness Prashar of Runnymede in the County of Surrey.
==Affiliations==
*Iraq Inquiry
==External links==
*Inaugural Judicial Appointments Commission Chair (GNN announcement, 6 October 2005)
*Appointment as non-executive director of ITV plc (8 February 2005)
*Announcement of her introduction at the House of Lords House of Lords minutes of proceedings, 26 July 1999
==Notes==
Prashar, UshaPrashar, UshaPrashar, Usha