Germacrone

==Nom de la substance==
Germacrone
==Famille moléculaire==
* Cétone sesquiterpénique
==Source végétale==
* Huile essentielle de lédon des marais et de lédon du Groenland 
* Huile essentielle de Geranium macrorrhizum
* Huile essentielle de myrte des marais
* Huile essentielle de curcuma
==Propriétés==
* Propriétés anticancéreuses, inducteur de l'arrêt du cycle cellulaire et de l'apoptose dans divers cancers (du sein Zhong Z, Chen X, Tan W, Xu Z, Zhou K, Wu T, Cui L, Wang Y. Germacrone inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cell lines by inducing cell cycle arrest and promoting apoptosis. Eur J Pharmacol. 2011 Sep 30;667(1-3):50-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.03.041. PMID 21497161, Kong Q, Ma Y, Yu J, Chen X. Predicted molecular targets and pathways for germacrone, curdione, and furanodiene in the treatment of breast cancer using a bioinformatics approach. Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 14;7(1):15543. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-15812-9. PMID 29138518; PMCID: PMC5686110., du cerveau, du foie Liu Y, Wang W, Fang B, Ma F, Zheng Q, Deng P, Zhao S, Chen M, Yang G, He G. Anti-tumor effect of germacrone on human hepatoma cell lines through inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest and promoting apoptosis. Eur J Pharmacol. 2013 Jan 5;698(1-3):95-102. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.10.013. PMID 23117090, de la peau, de la prostate Yu Z, Xu J, Shao M, Zou J. Germacrone Induces Apoptosis as Well as Protective Autophagy in Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancer Manag Res. 2020 May 27;12:4009-4016. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S250522. eCollection 2020. PMID 32547235, de l'estomac Wu L, Wang L, Tian X, Zhang J, Feng H. Germacrone exerts anti-cancer effects on gastric cancer through induction of cell cycle arrest and promotion of apoptosis. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020 Jan 23;20(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s12906-019-2810-3. PMID 32020876, de l'œsophage, l'ostéosarcome Li E, Gao Y, Mou L, Zhang Z. Anticancer activity of Germacrone terpenoid in human osteosarcoma cells is mediated via autophagy induction, cell cycle disruption, downregulating the cell cycle regulatory protein expressions and cell migration inhibition. Acta Biochim Pol. 2022 Apr 25;69(2):305-308. doi: 10.18388/abp.2020_5712. PMID 35468267) via la modulation de différentes molécules de signalisation cellulaire Riaz A, Rasul A, Kanwal N, Hussain G, Shah MA, Sarfraz I, Ishfaq R, Batool R, Rukhsar F, Adem Ş. Germacrone: A Potent Secondary Metabolite with Therapeutic Potential in Metabolic Diseases, Cancer and Viral Infections. Curr Drug Metab. 2020;21(14):1079-1090. doi: 10.2174/1389200221999200728144801. PMID 32723267., Ahmed Hamdi OA, Syed Abdul Rahman SN, Awang K, Abdul Wahab N, Looi CY, Thomas NF, Abd Malek SN. Cytotoxic constituents from the rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria. ScientificWorldJournal. 2014;2014:321943. doi: 10.1155/2014/321943. PMID 25126594, Aggarwal BB, Yuan W, Li S, Gupta SC. Curcumin-free turmeric exhibits anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities: Identification of novel components of turmeric. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2013 Sep;57(9):1529-42. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201200838. PMID 23847105
* Inverse la résistance de cellules de cancer du sein à l'adriamycine Xie XH, Zhao H, Hu YY, Gu XD. Germacrone, the main component of Rhizoma Curcuma, has been shown to possess antitumor, anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Germacrone reverses Adriamycin resistance through cell apoptosis in multidrug-resistant breast cancer cells. Exp Ther Med. 2014 Nov;8(5):1611-1615. PMID 25289068, inverse la résistance à l'adriamycine dans les cellules de leucémie myéloïde chronique humaine K562/ADM en supprimant l'expression du gène MDR1/glycoprotéine P Pan J, Miao D, Chen L. Germacrone reverses adriamycin resistance in human chronic myelogenous leukemia K562/ADM cells by suppressing MDR1 gene/P-glycoprotein expression. Chem Biol Interact. 2018 May 25;288:32-37. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.04.012. PMID 29655913.
* Défense chimique de la plante vis-à-vis des herbivores Reichardt PB, Bryant JP, Anderson BJ, Phillips D, Clausen TP, Meyer M, Frisby K. Germacrone defends labrador tea from browsing by snowshoe hares. Journal of Chemical Ecology, Volume 16, Number 6 / juin 1990 
* Température de fusion supérieure à 50 °C
==Effet thérapeutique==
==Effets indésirables==
* Potentielle hépatotoxicité, interaction avec les cytochromes CYP2B6 et CYP3A4 Pimkaew P, Küblbeck J, Petsalo A, Jukka J, Suksamrarn A, Juvonen R, Auriola S, Piyachaturawat P, Honkakoski P. Interactions of sesquiterpenes zederone and germacrone with the human cytochrome P450 system. Toxicol In Vitro. 2013 Sep;27(6):2005-12. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.07.004. PMID 23850985
==Bibliographie==
* Popovici J, Bertrand C, Bagnarol E, Fernandez MP, Comte G. Chemical composition of essential oil and headspace-solid microextracts from fruits of Myrica gale L. and antifungal activity. Nat Prod Res. 2008;22(12):1024-32. PMID 18780242
Catégorie:principes actifs