nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Maurice Hilleman

Maurice Ralph Hilleman was an American virologist and microbiologist credited with helping develop over 40 vaccines, many of which are still in use today. Some of the diseases for which he helped discover a vaccine included measles, mumps, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, meningitis, pneumonia, chickenpox, Haemophilus influenzae bacteria, and rubella.Newman, L. (2005). Maurice Hilleman. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 330(7498), 1028.Escobar, Natalie. "You Should Thank Maurice Hilleman for Helping You Live Past the Age of 10". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 6 January 2020. Hilleman received a Ph.D. in microbiology from the University of Chicago in 1944. As a researcher at E.R. Squibb & Sons, he developed his first vaccine, which was used to protect U.S. troops in World War II from the "Japanese" B encephalitis virus. He was chief of respiratory diseases (1949–57) at Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, D.C., where he began research on the influenza virus. In 1957 he joined what became Merck & Co., Inc. Following his retirement (1984) Hilleman was an adviser to public health organizations, notably the World Health Organization."Maurice Ralph Hilleman | American microbiologist". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 6 January 2020."Heroes of Progress, Pt. 11: Maurice Hilleman". Human Progress. Retrieved 6 January 2020. Taken all together, Hilleman's innovativeness is believed to have saved tens of millions of children's lives, particularly in the developing world. Unfortunately, he probably isn't as famous as he deserves to be."Nader, Ralph. "Scientists or Celebrities?". CounterPunch.org. 16 April 2005. Retrieved 6 January 2020. 
==Further reading==
Vaccinated: One Man's Quest to Defeat the World's Deadliest Disease
==See also==
*Vaccines
*John Enders
*Jonas Salk
==References==
Category:Biologists
Category:Medicine
Category:Scientists
Max Baucus

Max Baucus is a former senator from Montana, who is a member of the Democratic Party. His largest campaign contributors are health insurance companies, which brings into question the motivations behind his opposition to health care reform.Open Secrets He was so desperate to get laid that he nominated his fuck-buddy girlfriend to be the U.S. attorney for Montana.Huffington Post He resigned his seat in March 2014 to become the U.S. ambassador to China.
Baucus also served on the Senate Finance Committee, which is responsible for, among other things, the US tax code; another area in which he saw an opportunity to cozy up to corporate interests.Tim Carney: Sen. Max Baucus, master of revolving door, heads for the exit, Washington Examiner, April 24, 2013, 12:00 AM In general, Baucus’s staff was something of a lobbyist factory with former staffers prevalent among various K Street outfits after leaving Baucus’s service.Blumenthal, Paul, The Max Baucus Health Care Lobbyist Complex, Sunlight Foundation, JUN 22, 2009 5:18 PM Thus, by 2013, at least 28 former Baucus staffers had become lobbyists.Lipton, Eric, Tax Lobby Builds Ties to Chairman of Finance Panel, New York Times, April 6, 2013
==References==
Category:Former United States Senators
Category:Former United States Representatives
Category:Living people
Max Hermansen

Max Hermansen (born May 30, 1960) is a Norwegian Islamophobe and racist. He entered the public spotlight in Norway in 2015 as the self-appointed spokesman of a Norwegian branch of the German Eurabia-peddling PEGIDA is an abbreviation of the German Patriotische Europäer gegen die Islamisierung des Abendlandes, which translates as "Patriotic Europeans Against the Islamization of the Westor Occident", and invokes the of organization (itself largely inspired by the English Defence League). Inspired by other Norwegian Islamophobes such as Fjordman and Anders Behring Breivik, he initiated a one-man demonstration against the presence of Muslims in Norway. In January 2015, he was fired from his job as a teacher over his racist views towards his Muslim pupils, and his employer stated that his views are "too extreme to be acceptable for us."Pegida-Hermansen får sparken fra lærerjobb, DagbladetPegida-Hermansen droppet fra lærerjobb ("Pegida-Hermansen fired from teaching job"), VG
==References==
Category:Living people
 Category:Nationalism in Norway
Category:Racists
Maximillien de Lafayette

Maximillien de Lafayette is an alleged "UFO researcher" and ancient astronauts advocate who has appeared on UFO Hunters and Ancient Aliens. According to a woman who claims to be his former girlfriend, he was actually a scam artist who re-published text and photos gathered from around the Internet as books.
Prior to striking Ancient Aliens gold, Lafayette had published weighty tomes with such scholarly titles as Horrible People, Stars, Times, and Scandals and Hollywood Earth Shattering Scandals. The Infamous, Villains, Nymphomaniacs and Shady Characters in Motion Pictures. He even managed to combine ancient astronauts and self help in what must have been a blockbuster title: THE BOOK OF RAMADOSH. 7,000 Year Old Anunnaki Ulema Techniques To Live Longer, Happier, Healthier, Wealthier (because what our alien overlords really wants is for you to give Lafayette all your money).From archived version of Lafayette's website on the WayBack Machine. Also, one cannot help but notice that Lafayette's jumbled and "elongated" titles look a lot like those found at a particularly infamous .
For the revolutionary see here.
==References==
Category:Conspiracy theorists
Category:Living people
McWorld

"McWorld" is a term coined by Benjamin Barber to describe what he sees as the result of the ongoing McDonaldization of the international order. 
In McWorld, jobs are shifted from one country to another until the workforce which accepts the lowest compensation for their labor is found. Corner "Mom & Pop" grocery stores and restaurants disappear as they are replaced by cookie-cutter identical outlets of Safeway, Wal-Mart, Best Buy, Barnes & Noble, Starbucks, fast food franchises and "family dining" restaurants like Olive Garden and Applebee's. Family farms disappear to be replaced by endless tracts of clone McMansions where every morning and afternoon four lanes of commuters try to squeeze down two-lane country roads to and from work 70 miles away, driving alone in identical SUVs burning $5 a gallon gasoline pumped from one of two different choices (Exxon-Mobil-Shell or Texachevron-76) into 25 gallon tanks. 
On McWorld radio, market researchers conduct surveys to determine which songs do the least to "harsh the workplace mellow" and these songs are put into endless rotation on stations across the FM dial, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Clear Channel. In the 16-screen megaplexes, mindless computer-generated Hollywood crap is shown with the ethic of "get the kids in, show them The Clone Wars, and get them out", and everything that makes every corner of the world unique and wonderful is choked off, bought out, and co-opted by the gray forces of standardization as our culture, our religion, our politics, and every facet of our lives becomes conformed to the principles of the corporate franchise model.
This is, in essence, the ultimate nightmare of anti-globalization activists. It is frequently used as a setting of cyberpunk literature.
==External links==
*Jihad vs. McWorld.
*One person's thoughts on the solution.
Category:Economics
Category:Culture
MeMe Roth

Meredith "MeMe" Roth is an American activist and professional troll who is the founder of the anti-obesity "organization" the National Action Against Obesity, which would be considered the Autism Speaks of the health movement if it wasn't composed of only her. She was once referred to as a "bold purveyor of uncomfortable truths" by a writer for The GuardianThe woman who hates fat, The Guardian in a piece that ended up being against some of her crazy ideals, leading to her issuing "a formal complaint including a request for retraction and formal apology".Comments for Meme Roth: Rock Bottom, The Feeding Doctor
While Roth is slightly less nutty than Vani Hari, she is best known for not even bothering to hide her nutty statements, wrapping up fat-shaming and food woo into a "well-meaning" package.
== Her campaigns ==
In 2007, she complained on Fox News (of all channels) about American Idol contestant Jordin Sparks, claiming that she was a bad role model to little girls because she was overweight.MeMe Roth Is Hungry (For The Spotlight), Center for Consumer Freedom When people went to criticize her for her obvious fat-shaming, she replied saying she "100%" stood by her statements and then proceeded to appropriate legitimate reasons for fighting against obesity to shoo away people from criticizing her statement.
In 2008, she attacked the Girl Scouts for their tradition of fundraising by selling cookies, calling for a boycott of Girl Scout cookies demanding that "all civic organizations must cease" raising money by selling scout cookies.Consumer Group: Cookie-Boycotter MeMe Roth Should Mind Her Own Business, Center for Consumer Freedom Most longtime Girl Scout leaders were quick to call shenanigans on her idea.
When a blogger called her out for her behavior, she replied by claiming the astroturf organizations run by the food/bev industry were after her,Comments for Meme Roth: Rock Bottom, The Feeding Doctor which was technically true, if only they weren't running on a stopped clock.
==See also==
* Food Babe
==References==
Category:Living people
Category:Food woo promoters
Category:Trolls
Med Israel For Fred

Med Israel For Fred (Norwegian for "With Israel for Peace"; also known as MIFF) is a Norwegian organization founded in 1978, and which expanded to Denmark in 2018.Danish Med Israel For Fred website, accessed June 18th, 2019. It almost exclusively consists of conservative and fundamentalist Christians inspired by American evangelicalism, whose stated mission is to uncritically support the Israeli right-wing/far-right. The organization has various ties to the Islamophobic and Counter-jihad movement in Norway. The organization has published a Norwegian translation of the thoroughly discredited historical revisionist book From Time Immemorial by Joan Peters.Source book. Or, if you like, here's the blurb translated into English.
As of June 2019, MIFF Norway had approximately 11,000 members, and MIFF Denmark, 400.https://web.archive.org/web/20190704050417/https://www.miff.no/medisraelforfred/2019/06/18runde-tall-for-miff-i-norge-og-danmark.htm
==People affiliated with MIFF==
*Mona Levin
*Conrad Myrland, nutcase-in-chief (and 1998 European junior juggling champion)
*Peter SwedenTwitter post mentioning his membership in MIFF
==External links==
*Med Israel For Fred webshite
*Med Israel For Fred YouTube page
*Med Israel For Fred Facebook page
*Med Israel For Fred Instagram page
*Med Israel For Fred Twitter account
*MIFF Denmark Facebook page
*MIFF Denmark Twitter account
*MIFF Denmark website
*MIFF's change.org petition alleging AirBnB discriminates against Jews
*Blog entry in English mentioning MIFF from A Swede Speaks, a blog by a far-right Swedish-born Norwegian resident
==References==
Category:Fundamentalism
Category:Islamophobia
Category:Norway
Category:Misnomers
Category:Webshites
Media racism

Media racism refers to the use of traditional and modern media channels (such as Twitter, Facebook etc.) to portray a certain demographic of a community in a negative light by inciting fear and preconceptions based on their beliefs, culture and approach to life. Some characteristics of media racism include these real-life scenarios: 
#During an interview that Fox News conducted with a well-known religious historian by the name of Reza Aslan who happens to be a Muslim, the news anchor, Lauren Greenhttp://video.foxnews.com/v/2568059649001/zealot-author-reza-aslan-responds-to-critics/?#sp=show-clips, continuously failed to recognize his academic contributions to the field and revealed that the story was about just another Muslim preaching about Jesus and Christianity. 
#During the takeover of federal buildings at the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge in Oregon by a white militia, the Associated Press categorized the event as a peaceful protesthttp://bigstory.ap.org/article/b842fb7622034b0881eb32ee5ec88106/peaceful-protest-followed-oregon-wildlife-refuge-action of people exercising their constitutional rights, rather than portraying the takeover as a form of domestic terrorism carried out by extremists as would have been the case had the group been Muslim or otherwise. 
Since the attacks of 9/11, the media channels, particularly right-wing ones, have played a significant role in shifting the social thinking of the average American towards Islamic Extremism. The constant images of instability, violence and danger from various parts of Middle East have contributed negatively to the public’s perceptions about Islam and Muslims in the American society and abroad.Sharma, Divya. (2008). “Why do they Hate U.S? Exploring the Role of Media in Cultural Communication”. The Journal of the Institute of Justice & International Studies 8, p. 246.
Daily Mail 2009 08 28.jpg|A real Daily Mail front page. Did you know that blacks have 18 more kids than middle-class white people and also Kate Moss has even more shoes?
Express_frontpage_230909.jpg|"Keep out, Britain is full up!" says the self-proclaimed "World's Greatest Newspaper."
==References==
Category:Islamophobia
Category:Media
Category:Racism
Media was wrong before

The media was wrong before is the fallacious idea that if an information source is occasionally incorrect, then it is wholly untrustworthy and none of it should be taken as truth. This is not logically valid because it is possible for information sources to make a stupid mistake and still generally be correct. The only way to prove that a source is not trustworthy is to show an overwhelming pattern of mistakes. In short: 
The idea is closely related to the idea that right and wrong are relative. It is a sister fallacy to science was wrong before.
==Logical flaws==
The "media was wrong before" idea takes the form:
When P2 is explicitly stated, it should be obvious that this idea is wrong.
==Bayesian truth==
No information source has ever been perfect. However, it should be obvious that some sources are better than others. For example, you probably have some family or friends or co-workers whom you trust more than others. But it's ridiculous to put all of these sources into the same box of things that are "flawed and totally worthless". As Isaac Asimov put it:
In other words: Yes, information sources are flawed. But you shouldn't throw up your hands and deny all truth. Instead, accept that truth is a gradient and choose sources that get things correct more often or that are more likely to be correct. The better your sources are, the more likely you are to be correct.
==Hanlon's razor==
Most mistakes are probably not made maliciously. For example, CNN and other major American news networks probably didn't popularize the Bush Administration's WMD story because they wanted war; instead, it's more likely that they (like Congress) were lied to. As such, major American news networks shouldn't be seen as perfect, but instead as flawed truth-seekers. With some exceptions, of course.
==See also==
*Inverse stopped clock
*Science was wrong before
*Stopped clock
*Wronger than wrong
*Nirvana fallacy
Category:Informal fallacies
Category:Clichéed sayings
Median lethal dose

A median lethal dose (sometimes written as LD50) is a medical term for the dose of a chemical that has a 50% chance of killing you, typically a measurement of oral dose per kilogram of mass (for example, 50g/kg). It is used as a measurement to help determine safe doses of potentially harmful chemicals or drugs. It is related to the expression "The dose makes the poison", where the dose would kill half the population. For inhalation or injection routes, the LC50 is used to represent the median lethal concentration in a population. Sometimes, a comparable measure is known and reported called the LDLo or LCLo: the lowest known dose or concentration that caused a death (in humans, usually from accident or suicide). For ethical reasons, the median lethal dose is rarely known for humans. 
==Examples==
For a simple example, MSG requires about 16.6g/kg given orally to have an LD50 in a rat. So if you had 100 rats at a mass of half a kg (0.5kg) living in the same conditions and fed all of them 8.3g of MSG, 50 would die from MSG poisoning.
On the flip side, stuff like Vitamin C has an even lower value, being 11.9g/kg. Some chemicals are hard to quantify, such as drinking massive amounts of water is very difficult as your body tries really hard to remove it from your body (it is assumed to be more than 90ml/kg).Material Safety Data Sheet Water
==Sources==
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)What is RTECS? is regarded as the most authoritative source for minimum values of LD50, LC50, LDLo, and LCLo. Access to RTECS is by paid license, but other sources for these toxicity values can often be found, e.g., Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).
==See also==
* Toxin
==References==
Category:Chemistry
Category:Medicine
Category:Toxins
Medical Veritas

Medical Veritas was an extremely sleazy anti-vaccine journal published from 2004 to 2008. Their editorial board included none other than Andrew Wakefield, as well as such luminaries as Boyd Haley (a chemist), Harold Buttram (an MD who claimed that vaccination would result in animal-human hybridization),The antivaccine lie that just won’t die: The claim that shaken baby syndrome is really due to “vaccine injury” by David Gorski (October 8, 2012) Science-Based Medicine. and Viera Scheibner (a geologist). Their articles tended to rest on the laughable premise that Big Pharma's vaccines are all dangerous, and there exists a conspiracy to keep them out because of all the money involved in selling them. They are heavily endorsed by Whale.to,Medical Veritas: The Journal of Medical Truth Whale.to. Caution: Scopie's Law and frequently cite articles in JPANDS. They actually offered to republish Wakefield's original, now-discredited 1998 study, and, like JPANDS, are listed by Quackwatch as a "questionable organization.Questionable Organizations: An Overview by Stephen Barrett (February 6, 2020) Quackwatch.
==External links==
*Their website
*LBRB on Wakefield
*Medical Veritas: The Journal for Quacks
==References==
Category:Pseudojournals
Medicine

Medicine is a broad term that covers the scientific fields of human and animal health and the study and treatment of diseases. The word is also used to refer to the drugs used to treat a disease or ailment.
==Origins of medicine==
The medical knowledge that we have today is the result of thousands of years of study of the way humans and animals work; study that was often opposed by those in charge, meaning the religious authorities for most of recent human history. Many people over the years went against established religious laws and taboos to take the mystery out of the causes of disease and physical ailments.
The removal of this mystery was seldom welcomed by the religions of the time, yet few religious people today would forego medical treatment, in spite of, in most cases, a professed belief that it is faith that heals, not the medicine or treatment. Medicine is a key application of the knowledge gained from all of chemistry and biology.
==Alternative medicine==
Alternative medicine is any medicine that lies outside of normal medicine: herbs, complementary therapies, complete and utter crankery and woo and wishful thinking. For the most part, alternative medicine has no greater effect than a placebo or making people feel better because they've done something rebellious and alternative. You know what they call "alternative medicine" that's proven to work? "Medicine."
==Veterinary medicine==
Veterinary medicine is a branch of medicine that focuses on animals. Veterinary medical training is more difficult than human medicine given the great diversity of patients. Like human medicine, veterinary medicine has people who peddle woo and quackery. Veterinary medicine is divided into branches — general veterinary medicine, small animal care, veterinary dentistry, veterinary surgery and animal pathology. However, there is also a "veterinary chiropractor" branch that practices chiropractic medicine on animals. Like chiropractic treatments on humans, there are very similar dangers. A person who practices veterinary medicine is called a DVM or Doctor of Veterinary Medicine.
==See also==
*Universal health care
*Health freedom
==External links==
*Science-Based Medicine.org
*American Medical Association
Mediterranean diet

The Italian paradox is the idea that Italians live long, healthy lives despite eating lots of carbohydrate-rich food (sometimes referred to more generally as the Mediterranean diet, so as to include other olive-rich countries such as Greece or Cyprus). In practice, on a daily basis one must eat several large meals consisting of bread, pasta and meatballs, but as long as you use olive oil instead of butter and drink lots of red wine, and take afternoon naps, you'll live long enough to become a mafia don. Mediterranean herbs instead of salt are used to season most dishes.
Of course, the peddlers of this diet would ignore the fact that the number one killer of Italians is heart disease due to high cholesterol levels, which makes belief in the efficacy of this diet the true paradox.http://www.theflorentine.net/articles/article-view.asp?issuetocId=513
There are parallels to the French paradox, likely because they both refer to European countries with large wine production. The differences in traditional French and Italian cuisines, even taking into account the variety that occurs between different regions of the countries, however, show that those parallels hold very little water.Saying all French cuisines or all Italian cuisines are alike would be akin to saying all American barbecue sauces are the same, or that there's no difference between pizzas that come from Chicago, New York City or California.
Odds of this diet helping you? About 1 in 61.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23432189 One thing the French and Italians do have in common is that they tend to walk (and generally exercise) more than Americans, so a more reliable way to get health benefits using them as an example would be to get out more.
==Notes==
==References==
Category: Diet woo
Category:Paradoxes