nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Ilbe

Ilbe Storehouse (일베 저장소) is a South Korean far-right and alt-right populist community website. They are known for their extreme abhorrence of liberal politicians.
The site is highly anti-feminism, anti-Jeolla province, anti-LGBT, extreme meritocracy, extreme pro-business & anti-labor, ableist, and anti-immigration. They are very negative about issues related to 'political correctness' and 'social justice'. They mainly support the United Future Party politically.
Ilbe's image in South Korea is also much worse than DCinside, even though it is much smaller, because its members engage in extreme right-wing political actions in real life, whereas DC members mostly stay online. One of the most disgusting such actions came in the wake of the when Ilbe members staged a "Gluttony Strike", eating pizza and fried chicken in front of the grieving parents who were staging a hunger strike in protest.http://askakorean.blogspot.com/2017/10/koreas-alt-right-and-how-to-fight-ones.html
Whereas South Korea's center-left liberal media have not yet reported DCinside as far-right, there are countless reports of Ilbe's far-right inclination.진중권 “일베, 무정부주의적 놀이, 극우 공격성으로 변질”. 경향신문‘일베’는 왜 약자를 괴롭힐까?. 한겨레신문 A conservative newspaper, "Dong-A Ilbo"(동아일보), also reported that ilbe is fascist.우리 안의 파시즘 간질이는 돌연변이 괴물. 동아일보
==See also==
* Netto-uyoku
* Alt-right
* Paleoconservatism
* Asian values
==Notes==
==References==
Category:Ableism
Category:Alt-right
Category:Antifeminism
Category:Anti-LGBT bigots
Category:Fascism
Category:Homophobia
Category:Internet hate sites
Category:Racism
Category:Sexism
Category:South Korean politics
Category:Transphobes
Category:Webshites
Illusory truth effect

The illusory truth effect (also known as the truth effect, the illusion-of-truth effect, the reiteration effect, the validity effect, and the frequency-validity relationship) is the tendency to believe information to be correct after repeated exposure to the claim in question. This is an illusion that appears due to unconscious cognition.
This phenomenon has been studied extensively, with the term first appearing in psychology literature from the late 1970s.Frequency and the Conference of Referential Validity by Lynn Hasher & David Goldstein (1977) Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 16:107-112. The illusion is now backed up by several psychology experiments.The Truth About the Truth: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Truth Effect by Alice Dechêne et al. (2009) Personality and Social Psychology Review 14(2):238-257. doi:10.1177/1088868309352251. The illusion is thought to be partly caused by the concept of by which familiar concepts are more easily processed, tricking the mind into thinking something is true without any real evidence of it being so.
Even if a repeated falsehood is discredited in someone's mind, they will tend to forget why it was discredited and believe it upon recall ("the sleeper effect").Cathrine Jansson-Boyd (June 24, 2024). "Repeated political soundbites can influence how people think – even if they disagree with the message". The Conversation. The Poynter Institute, a media literacy and fact-checking nonprofit, suggests one method for countering the illusory truth effect:
==See also==
*Argumentum ad nauseam
*Big lie
*Confabulation
*Confirmation bias
==External links==
*
*"Repetition increases belief in climate-skeptical claims, even for climate science endorsers", PLOS One
==References==
Category:Advertising
Category:Deceit
Category:Logic
Category:Propaganda
Imaginary friend

An imaginary friend is a child's companion with complex personalities and interactions with the child, although the child realises that the friend is a pretence. Most children discard these figments by adolescence.
==Adults' imaginary friends==
Many adults, however, have a different type of imaginary friend that they believe to be real. This friend is normally invested with supernatural powers, often to the level of omnipotence. This friend can have varying degrees of influence on the life of the adult. Most commonly the moral code of the person is dictated by the friend, either through fear of retribution or respect for alleged past deeds of the friend, or of course a combination of the two. Some take the amount of control the friend has in their life to the extreme, allowing it to control the whole of their life and even usurp their reason.
==Diagnosis==
The difference from schizophrenia appears to be getting away with it. Also, thorazine doesn't do much for it.
==See also==
*Delusion
*Faith
*God
*Multiplicity
*Spirit guide
*Tulpa
*Dolly Parton - "What A Friend We Have In Jesus"
*An excellent series of documentaries on the topic
==External Links==
*Drop Dead Fred on IMDb
*Jesus – The Imaginary Friend
==References==
Category:Psychology
Category:Religion
Imam Mahdi

The Imam Mahdi is just this guy, you know?
Specifically, he's a guy who will bring the return of the true Imamate in the doctrines of the Twelver sect of Shi'a Islam. Why the Imamate had to go away in the first place has never been explained, but, presumably, it just needed some time away to sort out its relationship with Allah.
The Imam Mahdi is in no way a messiah whatsoever.
But seriously, Imam Mahdi is the twelfth and last Imam according to the doctrines of the Isna Asheri or Twelver Shia (Isna Asher literally means twelve in Arabic). It goes that his father, Hasan Al-Askari, could not and did not have a son. While the Twelvers deny this claim, they also believe that Mahdi's mother did not show signs of pregnancy and that Mahdi disappeared immediately after he was born (you do the math). Mahdi only appeared once, when he was five years old, to do the prayer on his father's deathbed and then disappeared again for good; well, until he resurfaces and fills the world with justice and happiness (the Islamic version of happily ever after). Twelvers also believe that Mahdi will come back on a Friday which is the Muslim world's equivalent of Sunday. So, basically, he will come back on a weekend and ruin it once and for all for everybody.
Last but not least, Twelvers believe that Mahdi will come back accompanied by Jesus, and together they will kill all the non-believers before they make the world a peaceful place to live. So yeah, Jesus will be there too.
Category:Muslims
Immaculate conception

Immaculate Conception is the Roman Catholic version of the Virgin[sic] Mary's conception without original sin. It is nothing to do with the impregnation of said female by the "Holy Ghost".
The Immaculate Conception is considered a key tenet of Roman Catholicism, and explains why no element of Jesus' nature was stained by original sin. However, despite having a long tradition, it was frequently debated and argued over within the church until 1854 when pope Pius IX decided to put it down in writing (and it wasn't until Pius XII's encyclical of 1943 that Mary was declared to be free of all sin). The notion of Immaculate Conception was stated ex cathedra and is accordingly held to be unalterable and infallible; it is one of only two infallible Papal revelations for Catholics. To deny the Immaculate Conception is thus heretical. 
Duns Scotus famously argued for the Immaculate Conception on the grounds of potuit, decuit, ergo fecit — God could have done, it would have been good for God to do so, so God must have done it.
==References==
Category:Catholicism
Immune system boosting

Immune system boosting or boosts your immune system are common slogans on many alternative medicine products. Scientifically, this term is nonsensical even if they did tell you how and what would get boosted. There has yet to be any reputable study that shows you can supercharge your immune system. In marketing this is called puffery, a subjective statement that's so general and exaggerated it's nearly meaningless in any real terms.[www.bullshitguru.com/?tag=boost-your-immune-system Bullshit Guru Immune Boosting]Reddit references why these claims are bullshit and discussion Consumers generally see this as dishonest, even in areas that are known to be minefields like used car lots, while it's part of the bullshit that makes people pick up supplements to the tune of $37 billion annually just in the US.US Supplement Industry is a $37 billion Industry in the US
In fact the entire immune system is a complex group of elements that works very well when it's in balance and produces debilitating diseases when it is not.Harvard Review — How to Boost Your Immune System Unless you are deficient in the vitamins and minerals needed to produce these cells there's not a lot you can do to make it more efficient or shoot it into overdrive. There are things that science has found which will suppress your immune system:
*Chronic stress
*Smoking
*Lack of exercise
*Uncontrolled blood pressure
*Diet high in the stuff that tastes great but is unhealthy like bacon
*Drinking to excess
*Lack of sleep
*Old age
Generally the things needed to maintain a healthy lifestyle.
==Overactive immune system==
Overactive immune systems are at best a waste of resources. Unneeded immune cells activate a self destruct mechanism and get flushed from your system.
Overactive immune systems often overreact to outside pathogens or start attacking your body. Overactive immune reactions, at best, can cause allergies to food or the environment that can even be fatal. The immune system can start confusing your own body for an invader, which can cause:WebMD Autoimmune Diseases
*Rheumatoid arthritis
*Lupus
*Multiple sclerosis
*Inflammatory bowel disease
*Type 1 diabetes
*Guillain-Barré syndrome
*Psoriasis
*Graves' disease
*Hashimoto's thyroiditis
*Myasthenia gravis
*Vasculitis
*Chronic inflammation — a precursor to cancer
*Rheumatic fever
*Goodpasture's syndrome
*Celiac disease — you don't want to have to go gluten-free, do you?
*Giant-cell arteritis
*Sjögren's syndrome
This is an abridged list of the common ailments overactive immune systems can cause. These supplement manufacturers are touting a meaningless term to get consumers to buy a product that is a waste of money which if it actually worked as intended might possibly kill buyers in a horrible fashion. This might be one instance where supplements not working as intended is for the best.
==References==
Category:Alternative medicine
Impact factor

The impact factor is one way of measuring the amount of influence a journal has within the scientific community. It is primarily used by the indexing service provided by the Institute for Scientific Information, known as ISI Web of Knowledge (now part of Thompson Reuters).ISI Web of Knowledge 
==Calculating the IF==
The factor is calculated as the number of citations in a given year to the average article published within the previous two-year period. The impact factor of a particular journal would be calculated as follows:Thompson Reuters - Impact Factor
*A = the number of times articles published in and were cited by indexed journals during 
*B = the total number of "citable items" published in and . "Citable items" are usually articles, reviews, proceedings, or notes; not editorials or Letters-to-the-Editor.
* impact factor = \tfrac{A}{B}
Science and Nature are considered two of the most prestigious journals of all time. These have impact factors of 29.78 and 30.98 respectively. However, 90% of all the citations to Nature are to do with only a quarter of its published papers. Also, despite these being the "best" journals in the eyes of most researchers, they are not the top ranked according to impact factor, several journals dedicated to publishing reviews come above these two journals - and indeed, the highest ranked journals tend to specialise in publishing reviews as these types of articles tend to attract more citations than normal research papers.
The magnitude of the impact factor is also discipline specific, with certain areas of science attracting more attention. So while the highest ranking journal that specialises in agriculture has an IF of about 2.5, the highest in molecular biology is 33.4.Journals with the highest impact factor by category
==Criticisms==
While it is a good proxy for the quality of a scientific journal and shows a journal's ability to distribute important information and findings widely, the IF is not a be-all and end-all figure or a completely flawless method of analysis. The IF is open to manipulation, as was seen when the journal Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica published an editorial that cited all of its papers from 2006–2007; thus bumping its IF from 0.66 to 1.44 in a single step. This was primarily a protest against the use of the IF as a pure measure of a journal's quality. Similarly, Mohamed El Naschie's habit of citing his own papers in the rag Chaos, Solitons, and Fractals (of which he was the chief editor) caused that journal to have a higher impact factor than any other mathematics publication.
That many researchers and editors attach too much importance to the impact factor is something that is not denied by Thompson Reuters, and they advise caution in using it because of the number of phenomena that can lead to significant changes in a journal's IF regardless of quality.
==See also==
*Search engine optimization
==References==
 
Category:Science
Category:Statistics
Category:Research terms
Implicit bias

An implict bias (or implicit stereotype) refers to the stereotypes that people unconsciously have towards people of different groups, even though they may oppose these prejudices.https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/voices/implicit-bias-and-social-justicehttps://plato.stanford.edu/entries/implicit-bias/https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-40124781 People who have this bias may be completely unaware that they have it.http://kirwaninstitute.osu.edu/research/understanding-implicit-bias/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-to-think-about-implicit-bias/
==Testing==
There are numerous programs that are designed with the attempt to test (or even remove) implicit bias, such as the test by Project Implicit at Harvard University.https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/ These tests try to determine your subconscious biases about people from different religious, racial, and ethnic backgrounds.https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/mar/07/implicit-association-test There is no scientific consensus that these tests are meaningful.The world is relying on a flawed psychological test to fight racism by Olivia Goldhill (December 3, 2017) Quartz. For example, skeptic Michael Shermer, who writes:https://michaelshermer.com/2017/08/are-we-all-racists/
Although Shermer also says:
==External links==
*
*An introduction to understanding implicit bias
*Implicit bias from a social justice angle.
*Michael Shermer's article "Are We All Racists?'
*Scientific American's article "How To Think About Implicit Bias
==References==
Imprecision fallacy

An imprecision fallacy (also an error in sampling) occurs when evidence used is not representative of the group because it is imprecise in some way.
For example, in an apex fallacy, only the cream of the crop are considered when generalizing all members of a group; clearly, the top performers are not representative of the group at large, and thus cannot be generalized.
It is an informal fallacy.
==See also==
*Statistics#Sampling bias
==External links==
*Errors in Sampling, Bruce Thompson
 
Category:Informal fallacies
Income redistribution

Income redistribution, in its most basic form, is the taking of income from one person to be given to someone else. This could be anything from the complete confiscation of a person's income to give to someone less fortunate than them (seen in no current Western nation), to a tax on the vast majority in order to support a minority of completely disabled people.
==Modern welfare==
The modern welfare state is based, to some extent, on a modest amount of income redistribution. In the United States, the popular Social Security program operates as a modest income redistribution program, giving money from taxes to widows, retirees, and the disabled.
==Opposition==
When presented this way, most people have no issues with income redistribution. However, many conservatives and libertarians oppose any form of income redistribution as theft. One set of reasoning is that if one man takes money from you he is a thief, if a hundred men take money from you they are a crime family, and if ten thousand men take money from you they are a government. This is coupled with the belief that the morals of taking money do not change depending on the number of people doing the taking (from one thief to a ten thousand strong government). 
The other rationalisation of the opposition to income redistribution is that it is punishing people for being productive and earning money while rewarding those who are not productive. (With "productive" meaning "playing golf while some other people do all the actual work," presumably.)
==See also==
*Social contract
*Social democracy Socialism -- what opponents frequently call it
*Tax protester
==References==
Category:Economics
Category:Political terms
Category:Social justice
Independent Institute

The Independent Institute is a libertarian think tank which, according to its website, has offered the world "25 years of enlightening ideas" thus far. Its lighthouse logo is a reference to the debunking of the idea that lighthouses are public goods.The Lighthouse as a Private-Sector Collective Good, 1 October 2003, Fred E. Foldvary. The Institute is known for pushing various brands of crankery, including Robert B. Stinnett'sRobert B. Stinnett profile, Independent Institute work advancing the Pearl Harbor conspiracy theory and Thomas DiLorenzo'sThomas DiLorenzo profile, Independent Institute neo-Confederate rambling. Being a good libertarian think tank, the Institute also denies global warming, hawking books by noted deniers such as Patrick Michaels.Roy E. Cordato. Review of Climate Coup: Global Warming’s Invasion of Our Government and Our Lives. Independent Review, Spring 2002.
==See also==
*Cato Institute
*Competitive Enterprise Institute
*Heartland Institute
*Peter Thiel — their billionaire former research fellow"Peter A. Thiel". Independent Institute.
==References==
Category:Austrian school
Category:Think tanks
Category:Denialist organizations
Category:Global warming denialists
Category:Libertarianism
Category:Thielsphere
Indiana Pi Bill

The Indiana Pi Bill was a proposed Indiana law which would by legal fiat "square the circle" and in the process, legally redefine pi to a nice, clean 3.2, from the unending 3.1415926535897… more generally believed. It was introduced to the state legislature at the behest of Edwin J. Goodwin, a physician and avid pseudomathematician, who by 1897 believed he had resolved all three of the ancient unsolved compass and straightedge construction problems: trisecting the angle, doubling the cube, and squaring the circle (never mind that these were already all known to be impossible).
A loyal Hoosier,Resident of the state of Indiana he deigned to share his newfound knowledge with the state of Indiana (and only Indiana), and it was introduced to the Indiana House of Representatives as Bill for an act introducing a new mathematical truth and offered as a contribution to education to be used only by the State of Indiana free of cost by paying any royalties whatever on the same, provided it is accepted and adopted by the official action of the Legislature of 1897 as bill #246. The bill stated that previous values for pi had been found "wholly wanting and misleading". The full text really must be read to be believed.
The bill easily passed committee and was unanimously passed by the house. Representatives received it favorably, with one gushing that "The case is perfectly simple. If we pass this bill which establishes a new and correct value of pi, the author offers our state without cost the use of his discovery and its free publication in our school textbooks, while everyone else must pay him a royalty." Indiana pi
Fortunately for generations of future Indianans, C.A. Waldo, a professor of mathematics from Purdue University, was in town in order to procure the annual state funding for his university. He read the bill and talked sense into enough members of the Senate that the bill was never passed.
==Pseudobill==
A (mythical) Iowa bill supposedly tried to implement a 3.0 standard for pi.https://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/pseudosc/pibible.htm
==Other incidents==
A fake news story making the rounds in the early 2000s reported that Alabama had passed a bill setting the value of pi at 3. This usual controversy stems from the value of pi being 3 according to . It was originally posted to talk.origins as a parody of attempts to legislate creationism, but the fake tagline was lost somewhere along the way so it resembled a genuine news item.Snopes: Alabama pi bill
==References==
category:Pseudomathematics
Category:Law
Category:Numbers
Category:Government incompetence
Indiana Senate Bill 89

Indiana Senate Bill 89 was a creationist bill that managed to pass the Senate of Indiana in the second regular session of the 117th general assembly, although it did not pass the House. It was just one of a number of pro-creationism bills in American legislatures in 2012. If passed into law, it would have been effective July 1, 2012.
==Text==
The original bill would simply add a section to the relevant law:
This would attempt to legitimise Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District-style school board sanctioning of the teaching of creationism in public schools. However, this was amended on the 30th of January to read instead:
In other words, an 'equal time' bill of the kind declared unconstitutional in Edwards v. Aguillard, but with other religious myths included in the vain hope of avoiding the same fate. Additionally, the amendment shows that the bill's supporters misunderstand both evolution – which is not the same thing as the "origin of life" – and the word "theory."Indiana Creationism Bill Is Amended
==Analysis and criticism==
According to NCSE executive director Eugenie C. Scott "The obvious problem...is that the Indiana legislature can't authorize a school district to violate the Constitution."Creationist legislation in Indiana Even if this bill passed, the action that it allows could still be taken to court to be struck down as before.
An editorial in an Indiana newspaper bemoaned the General Assembly's habit of debating stupid bills,Creation science? noting a number of other weird pieces of legislation up for contention this year, including:
*"A bill to eliminate Indiana high school class basketball."
*"A bill that makes it legal to manufacture or possess a switchblade."
You can see what they mean.
==Progress==
Against constitutionality-based protests, the bill passed the Senate Committee on Education and Career Development on January 25, by a vote of 8-2.Indiana creationist bill passes committeeInd. Senate panel votes to let schools teach creationism As noted above, the bill was amended in the Senate on January 30. The amendment was proposed by Democratic State Senator Vi Simpson,Sen. Simpson's official website. in a deliberate attempt at sabotage.Vi Simpson: The Woman Who Punked The Radical Republicans in the Indiana State Senate and Their Creationist Bill Nevertheless, the bill successfully passed the SenateAction List: Senate Bill 0089 with the apparently oblivious support of its original authors.
The Speaker of the House, Republican was apparently reluctant to let the bill travel any further, and it was moved to the "rules committe," where it will almost certainly die.Creationist bill in Indiana shelved Otherwise, it has until March 5 to escape and be passed.
==See also==
*Academic Freedom Act
*Creationism
*Intelligent design
*Missouri House Bill 1227
*The Santorum Amendment
*Teach the controversy
==References==
Category:Intelligent design creationism