nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Blood glue

== Description ==
A water-resistant glue used in the early 20th century. Dried blood was obtained from cattle or hog slaughter houses then sold as a water-soluble dark red powder. It contains serum, albumin, and globulin. The powder is dissolved in water, then activated by the addition of an alkali, such as slaked lime, ashes, and/or alum. This forms a dark color adhesive that dries to a water-resistant film. Blood glue has been used as plywood adhesive, as a paint for brickwork, and as an adhesive for filling joints between brick and building stones.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
cola de albúmina (Esp.); colle à l'albumine (Fr.); blood cement; blood albumen glue; blood albumin glue;
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Initially soluble in water (pH = 7.8).
== Risks ==
* Dried powder can develop a strong static charge. 
* Will produce dark, insoluble stains on cellulose.
==Resources and Citations==
* J.Hubbard, "Animal Glues" in Handbook of Adhesives, I.Skeist (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1977, p.172-180.
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "adhesive" [Accessed February 12, 2002]
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Bloodroot

== Description ==
A perennial wildflower (Sanguinaria canadensis) of the poppy family indigenous to shady woodlands in eastern and central North America. Each bloodroot stem produces a single white flower in early spring. The plants have a deep red color root that was an important orange dye for native Americans. It was used for dyeing cloths, as a war paint, and as a colorant for porcupine quills, tomahawks, rattles, and baskets. Unmordanted dyes give an orange color while aluminum and tin mordants produce a tan and chrome mordants give an dark orange-brown color. The primary colorants are alkaloids like isoquinoline protopine. Powdered bloodroot should be obtained from supply stores since gathering the plant is restricted in many areas because of its scarcity.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Sanguinaria canadensis; sanguinaria del Canadà (It.); red puccoon
==Resources and Citations==
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "puccoon" [Accessed March 5, 2002]. "bloodroot" [Accessed March 5, 2002
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 283
* Palmy Weigle, Ancient Dyes for Modern Weavers, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York, 1974
* John and Margaret Cannon, Dye Plants and Dyeing, Herbert Press, London, 1994
* Website: http://www1.umn.edu/ships/scimath/dyes2.htm#History
Category:Materials database
Bloodstone

== Description ==
A semiprecious stone composed of dark green chalcedony with flecks of red jasper or hematite that were thought to resemble drops of blood. Bloodstones, when submerged in water, give a reddish reflection. These stones are found in Asia, the Hebrides Islands of Scotland, Ethiopia, Egypt, India, and western Europe. Bloodstones were not commonly used in ancient times although occasional cylinder seals have been found (Odgen 1982). During the Middle Ages, bloodstones were used in sculptures to represent flagellation. Bloodstones have been used as gemstones in jewelry and ornamental pieces.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
heliotrope; chalcedony
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
* No visible crystals 
* Fracture = conchoidal, uneven, splintery 
* Luster = waxy to vitreous
* Streak = white 
* Fluorescence = generally inert
* Pleochroism = absent
Composition 	SiO2
Mohs Hardness 	6.5-7.0
Density 	2.59-2.61 g/ml
Refractive index	1.53 - 1.54
Birefringence 	0.004
== Comparisons ==
==Resources and Citations==
* Gem Identification Lab Manual, Gemological Institute of America, 2016.
* Jack Odgen, Jewellery of the Ancient World, Rizzoli International Publications Inc., New York City, 1982
* A.Lucas, J.R.Harris, Ancient Egyptian Materials and Industries, Edward Arnold Publishers Ltd., London, 4th edition, 1962 Comment: used from 2200-1200 BC in Egypt
* Wikipedia: Heliotrope (mineral) Accessed Dec 2022
* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "bloodstone." Accessed: 2 Dec. 2004.
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Bloom

== Description ==
A waxy, cloudy or powdery haze that appears on the surface of paint, varnish, leather, ink, metal,concrete, glaze, or plastic. For any material, the bloom may be due to the deposition of atmospheric pollutants such as ammonium sulfate. For individual materials the following explanations have been given:
* Varnish: trapped or condensed moisture often due to varnish application in humid conditions. Wax-based media may also produce blooms on varnish.
* Paint: exudation of organic salts formed by reactions of the oils components with pigments or driers (Ordonez and Twilley, 1998). 
* Plastic, rubber or ink: exudation of additives (plasticizers, lubricants, antistatic agents, waxes, etc.) or unreacted monomers.
* Leather: ellagic acid crystallization after tanning with some pyrogallol type vegetable tannins, such as myrobalan, valonia, and divi-divi.
* Metal: trace impurities that crystallize on the surface after casting.
* Photographic plate: dried residues from tap water.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
haze; efflorescence; chill; blush
== Resources and Citations ==
* E. Ordonez and J. Twilley, "Clarifying the Haze" Analytical Chemistry, 69,:416 (1997).
* Reed Kay, The Painter's Guide To Studio Methods and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1983
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986
* Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms, Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Bloom (metal)

== Description ==
A crude, spongy ingot of iron and rocky slag formed from the initial heating of ore to temperatures below the melting point of the metal. Bloom required extensive reheating then working to consolidate the bits of metal and remove excess slag.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
metal bloom; bloom (Fr.); wolf (Ned.)
==Resources and Citations==
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* David C. Scott, Metallography and Microstructure of Ancient and Historic Metals, The Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles, 1991
Category:Materials database
Blotting paper

== Description ==
An absorbent paper used to soak up excess liquids and moisture, especially ink on writing paper. The unsized paper is bulky and porous with very little strength. There is a wide variety of blotting paper available ranging from high grade rag papers to chemical and mechanical pulp papers. Most are acid-free with a neutral pH.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
blotter; drinking paper; absorbent paper, filter paper; paper towel; grey paper; papier buvard (Fr.)
== Applications ==
== Personal Risks ==
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
pH = 7-8
== Resources and Citations ==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 574
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
* The Dictionary of Paper, American Paper Institute, New York, Fourth Edition, 1980
* E.J.LaBarre, Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Paper-making, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 1969
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* Marjorie Shelley, The Care and Handling of Art Objects, The Metropolitan Museum, New York, 1987
* Silvie Turner, Which Paper?, Design Press, New York, 1991
* Edward Reich, Carlton J. Siegler, Consumer Goods: How to Know and Use Them, American Book Company, New York City, 1937
* Ceramics and Glass Conservation Section, List of Workshop Materials, The British Museum, London
* Conservation Support Systems, Catalog, 1997
Category:Materials database
Blowing agent

== Description ==
A substance used to produce gas, bubbles or structural holes in liquids, polymers, plastics, and metals. The purpose of blowing, or foaming, agents are to reduce a meterial's density while also increasing its thermal and acoustical insulation properties. Some blowing agents, such isocyanate, dinitroso compounds (dinitroso pentamethylene tetramine) and hydrazides (benzene sulfonyl hydrazide) generate nitrogen upon heating and are used to make thermoplastic and elastomeric foams from polyethylene, Silicone, epoxy, and vinyl resins. Additionally, they are used in fire extinguishers. Other types of foaming agents, such as bicarbonates, produce carbon dioxide. In Ethafoam, isobutene is used as a blowing agent along with glycerol monostearate as a permeation control agent (Williams 2019).
* Physical blowing agents: These include CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbon) HCFCs, hydrocarbons (pentane, isopentane, etc.) and liquid CO2. The bubble making process is endothermic and irreversible.
* Chemical blowing agents: Numerous gaseous products and byproducts formed by chemical reactions usually release exothermic heat in the process. These processes are also irreversible.
* Mechanically made foam: The introduction of bubbles through whisking or injection into pre-polymerized liquids usually results in the release of gas during solidification.
* Soluble fillers: Fillers, such as sodium chloride crystals may be washed out after solidification leaving small inter-connected holes.
* Hollow Spheres: Glass shells/spheres (Microballoons), epoxide shells, fly ash, vermiculite can be mixed in a liquid to form a network of voids in a solid.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
foaming agent; agent moussant (Fr.)
==Resources and Citations==
* Wikipedia: Blowing agent Accessed June 2023
* R. Scott Williams, ‘Plastic Storage Products’ In ‘Preventive Conservation: Collection Storage’ Lisa Elkin and Christopher A. Norris (eds.), Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections, New York. 2019.
* Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Blown glass

== Description ==
A type of glassware prepared by a skilled glassmaker. Blown glass is prepared by placing a molten glass ball on the end of a metal pipe then air is blown through the pipe into the glass to form a hollow, shaped vessel. Early glassblowing techniques were probably developed in Syria during the 1st century BC.
== Additional Images ==
File:2003.744-SC93567.jpg|Chihuly bowlMFA# 2003.744
File:blown glass pitcher.jpg|French pitcherMFA# 64.2006
File:Free blown glass.jpg|Free blown glass bowlMFA# 1979.191
File:Glass ball.jpg|Glass ballMFA# 1978.809
File:Persian bottle-B16954.jpg||Persian bottleMFA# 65.236
== Resources and Citations ==
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Glass." Accessed 19 May 2004.
* Edward Reich, Carlton J. Siegler, Consumer Goods: How to Know and Use Them, American Book Company, New York City, 1937
Category:Materials database
Blown oil

== Description ==
A thickened vegetable or animal oil that has been processed in a stream of air or oxygen. Blown oils are partially oxidized and thus thicker and faster drying. Common blown oils castor, linseed, rapeseed, whale, and fish oils. Blown oils are used in paints and varnishes, but are not suitable for artist's uses because they have poor durability and darken on exposure to light.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
huille soufflee (Fr.); aceite soplado (Esp.); oxidized oil; base oil; thickened oil; polymerized oil
==Resources and Citations==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 559
* Reed Kay, The Painter's Guide To Studio Methods and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1983
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Blue

== Description ==
One of the basic colours of the visible light spectrum. Blue corresponds to the wavelength range 450 - 500 nm.
See: Colour
== Synonyms and related terms ==
Blau (Deut.); azul (Esp., Port.); bleu (Fr.); mple (Gr.); blu (It.); blauw (Ned.); błękity (Pol.); blå (Dan., Sven.)
Category:Materials database
Blue Dogbane, Hammer Stem, Peel Fiber

Source: Comparative Plant Fiber Collection
BD-007-07-02-09-BF-400X-PM-1-9-overall fibers	
{| Class="wikitable" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
Source 	bast
Accession Number 	9/20/92 AE.127.29.1-4.2.1-1.9/21/92 (O) 709 #1
Title 	Blue dogbane, hammer stem, peel fiber
Processing treatment 	hammer and peel
Image Identification information	BD-007-07-02-09-BF-400X-PM-1-9-overall fibers
Image capture 	digital
Date of image capture 	07/02/09
Microscopist 	L. Crawford
Microscope 	Zeiss Axioplan
Microscopic technique 	Brightfield
Lumen type 	lumen not apparent, wide lumen diameter relative to fiber diameter
Lumen filling 	irregular lumen filling
Dislocations 	few dislocations
Fiber size 	medium fiber diameter
Transverse markings 	transverse marks apparent
Surface folds 	surface folds present
BD-008-07-02-09-POL-400X-PM-1-9-overall fibers	
{| Class="wikitable" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
Source 	bast
Accession Number 	9/20/92 AE.127.29.1-4.2.1-1.9/21/92 (O) 709 #1
Title 	Blue dogbane, hammer stem, peel fiber
Processing treatment 	hammer and peel
Image Identification information	BD-008-07-02-09-POL-400X-PM-1-9-overall fibers
Image capture 	digital
Date of image capture 	07/02/09
Microscopist 	L. Crawford
Microscope 	Zeiss Axioplan
Microscopic technique 	Polarized light, fiber at maximum brightness
Lumen type 	wide lumen diameter relative to fiber diameter
Lumen filling 	irregular lumen filling
Dislocations 	few dislocations
Fiber size 	medium fiber diameter
Transverse markings 	transverse marks apparent
Surface folds 	surface folds present
BD-009-07-02-09-DIC-400X-PM-1-9-overall fibers	
{| Class="wikitable" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
Source 	bast
Accession Number 	9/20/92 AE.127.29.1-4.2.1-1.9/21/92 (O) 709 #1
Title 	Blue dogbane, hammer stem, peel fiber
Processing treatment 	hammer and peel
Image Identification information	BD-009-07-02-09-DIC-400X-PM-1-9-overall fibers
Image capture 	digital
Date of image capture 	07/02/09
Microscopist 	L. Crawford
Microscope 	Zeiss Axioplan
Microscopic technique 	Differential interference contrast
Lumen type 	wide lumen diameter relative to fiber diameter
Lumen filling 	irregular lumen filling
Dislocations 	few dislocations
Fiber size 	medium fiber diameter
Transverse markings 	transverse marks apparent
Surface folds 	surface folds present
Category:FRIL
Category: FRIL: Blue Dogbane
Category: FRIL: Plant Fibers
Blue Wool Standard

== Description ==
[International Standards Organization] A standard developed to characterize lightfastness of materials. The Blue Wool Standard consists of a card that contains eight sections of blue-dyed wool cloth, each with a different lightfastness. The dyes fade at a known rate. Each section requires about twice as much light exposure as the preceding section in order to fade to the same degree. Section ISO 1 is the most fugitive and ISO 8 the most stable. In the absence of ultraviolet light, it takes approximately 400,000 lux hours to cause noticeable fading for the ISO 1 level and 900 million lux hours for the ISO 8 level (Michalski 1990).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Blue Wool Fade Card; ISO Standard R 105; British Standard BS 1006; fading card; norme ISO laine bleue (Fr.)
==Resources and Citations==
* S. Michalski, "Time's Effects on Paintings" in Shared Responsibilities. National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, 1990. p.39-53. 
* R.L.Feller, R.Johnston-Feller, "Use of the International Standards Organization's Blue Wool Standards for Exposure to Light" AIC Preprints of Papers presented at the 7th Annual Meeting, Toronto, Canada, 1979. 
* R. Feller, "Standards in the evaluation of thermoplastic resin" in ICOM committee for Conservation preprints, 5th Triennial meeting, Zagreb. Paris:ICOM, 1978.
* A. Derbiyshire J. Ashley-Smith "A Proposed Practical Lighting Policy for Works of Art on Paper at the V&A" ICOM preprint, Lyon, France, 1999. p.38-41.
* Conservation Support Systems, Catalog, 1997
Category:Materials database
Blue ash

== Description ==
1) Another name for Bremen blue. 
2) A variety of ash tree, Fraxinus quadrangulata, native to central North America. Blue ash produces a strong flexible wood used for furniture, tool handles, and sporting goods (baseball bats). Early settlers made a blue dye from the inner bark of the tree.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
2) Fraxinus quadrangulata
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
2) Fraxinus quadrangulata
* Medium tree growing to 20 m. 
* Bark=ashy gray to light brown with scale changing to deep, irregular fissures with age, twigs have four ridges producing a squarish shape. 
* Leaves= compound with 7-9 opposite, lanceolate, serrated leaflets. 
* Fruit=wide-winged samara with flat seed.
== Resources and Citations ==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 75
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Virginia Tech Dendrology website at www.fw.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/main.htm (Accessed Dec. 9, 2005)
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Ash (Accessed Dec. 9, 2005)
Category:Materials database
Blue bice

== Description ==
Blue bice is an unstandardized name generally used for synthetic copper carbonate, blue verditer. Blue bice, however, has also been used to refer to the pigment produced from grinding the copper carbonate mineral azurite. Blue bice was once used to refer to smalt.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
blue verditer; azul montaña (Esp.); bice blu (It.); Bremen blue; synthetic azurite; smalt
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|PIG436.jpg~XRD|f436sem.jpg~SEM|Blue verditer (MFA 436).PNG~FTIR|f436edsbw.jpg~EDS]]]
== Comparisons ==
==Resources and Citations==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* R.D. Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982
Category:Materials database
Blue black

== Description ==
An unstandardized name used for black pigments with a bluish cast. Blue black generally referred to ivory black, bone black, or vine black in the 17th and 18th centuries.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
blu nero (It.)
==Resources and Citations==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* R.D. Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982
Category:Materials database
Blue copperas

== Description ==
Common name for copper sulfate used prior to the 1800s when chemical compound names were standardized (Schur 1985).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
cupric sulfate; copper sulfate; blue vitriol
==Resources and Citations==
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
Category:Materials database
Blue fox

== Description ==
The dominant color variation of the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) found throughout the arctic region. The blue fox has thick grayish fur in the summer and blue-gray fur in the winter. Their guard hairs are fine. Fox pelts have been used for trim, capes, collars, and cuffs. 
See also white fox
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
arctic fox; artic fox (sp); polar fox; Alopex lagopus
== Resources and Citations ==
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "fox" [Accessed November 8, 2001]. 
* Edward Reich, Carlton J. Siegler, Consumer Goods: How to Know and Use Them, American Book Company, New York City, 1937
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctic_fox (Accessed Oct. 18, 2005)
Category:Materials database
Blue glass

== Description ==
Several colorants are used to make blue glass. Cobalt oxide produces a vivid blue glass. Cupric oxide produces a paler, sky blue color. when cupric oxide is mixed with lead, boron, or titanium, a brighter, greenish-blue hue is obtained. 
See also cobalt glass.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
vidrio azul (Esp.); vidro azul (Port.)
==Resources and Citations==
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "glassware" [Accessed May 5, 2004].
Category:Materials database
Blue green oxide

== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
blue-green oxide; Grünblauoxid (Deut.)
==Resources and Citations==
* Kurt Wehlte, The Materials and Techniques of Painting, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, 1975 Comment: p. 129
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database