nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Corn oil

== Description ==
Pale yellow semidrying oil obtained as a byproduct of milling corn (Zea mays). Corn oil contains the following fatty acids: linoleic (34-62%), oleic (19-49%), palmitic (8-12%), stearic (2.5-4.5%), hexadecanoic (0.2-1.6%), and myristic (0.1-1.7%). Corn oil is used for food, soap, lubricants, leather dressing, and in some enamel paints.
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Corn oil reference.TIF~FTIR(MFA)]]]
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Zea mays; maize oil; aceite de maiz (Esp.); huile de maïs (Fr.) 
Examples include: Maydol; Mazola 
== Risks ==
* Combustible. Flash point = 238 C (460 F). 
* Nontoxic. 
* Fisher Scientific: MSDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Soluble in ether, chloroform, amyl acetate, benzene, carbon disulfide. Slightly soluble in ethanol. Insoluble in water. 
* Acid value = 2-8. 
* Saponification value = 187-196. 
* Iodine value = 109-133.
CAS 	8001-30-7
Melting Point 	-18 to -10 C
Density 	0.914-0.921 g/ml
Refractive Index	1.470-1.471
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 241
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 2597; source of values on description page
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "corn oil." Accessed 7 Apr. 2005.
* CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: melting pt=-20C, density=0.922, ref. index=1.4734, iodine value=122.6, saponification value=192.0
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Corn syrup

== Description ==
A viscous, sweet liquid obtain from the hydrolysis of cornstarch. Corn syrup is commercially used as an inexpensive sweetener in baked goods, jams, jellies, candies, juices, and soft drinks. Corn syrup has been used as a plasticizer in glues and starch pastes. It is less expensive than glycerol and it does not crystallize with age like honey.
== Risks ==
Corn syrup can attract insects and is susceptible to biological growth.
Category:Materials database
Cornflower blue

== Description ==
A fugitive organic blue colorant obtained from cornflower petals (Centaurea dyanus). Cornflower blue was used in some 18th century watercolor paintings.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Centaurea dyanus; Boyle's blue; cyan blue; blu fiordaliso (It.); ambreta, ciano (Port.)
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Not lightfast
==Resources and Citations==
* R.D. Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Cornstarch

== Description ==
White amorphous polysaccharide granules that compose about 70% of a corn kernel. Cornstarch is separated from the gluten and fibrous particles by sieving, wet grinding, then wash flotation. It is composed of 28% amylose and 75% amylopectin. When heated with water, cornstarch forms a medium viscosity solution that does not change with heating time. It thickens substantially on cooling to form an opaque gel. Cornstarch is the predominant starch used in North America as a thickener and filler in foods. It is used as an absorbent powder in baby powders and on the interior of some powdered latex gloves. Cornstarch is also used as an adhesive, a sizing agent, and a filler in waxes and plastics.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
corn starch; cornflour; maïzena (Ned.);
== Risks ==
* Susceptible to biodeterioration. 
* Dried films become brittle with age.
* Fisher Scientific: 
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
* Rectangular, slightly concave particles. Granule size = 5 - 26 micrometers. 
* Gelatinization temperature = 62 - 72C. 
* Reacts with a iodine/potassium iodide solution to give a positive purple color
== Resources and Citations ==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 766
* Reed Kay, The Painter's Guide To Studio Methods and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1983
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Rosalie Rosso King, Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985
* Book and Paper Group, Paper Conservation Catalog, AIC, 1984, 1989
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "cereal processing" [Accessed April 8, 2002]
* Irving Skeist, Handbook of Adhesives, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, 1977
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornstarch (Accessed Mar. 1, 2006)
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Cornwall stone

== Description ==
A fine-grain stone produced from the decomposition of feldspathic granite native to England and Wales. Cornwall stone is very similar to petuntse. It contains quartz, mica, and fluorite and the powdered stone is considered an important addition to kaoli for the production of porcelain. It is also used in glazes.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Cornish stone; Cornwall clay
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 316
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
Category:Materials database
Coroplast

== Description ==
[PEL] A brand name for a rigid corrugated plastic board sandwiched between two sheets of thin plastic. Coroplast® is composed of a high-impact copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene. The moisture repellent sheets are light, strong, and acid-free. Coroplast® boards are used for enclosures, frames, backing, and supports. Chemically, the sheet is inert, with a NIL pH factor. At regular temperatures most oils, solvents and water have no effect, allowing it to perform under adverse weather conditions or as a product component exposed to harsh chemicals. All Coroplast® twin-wall profile sheets can be modified with additives, including UV protection, anti-static, flame retardant and color.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Silmilar products: Polyflute
== Applications ==
* Enclosures and frames
* Storage boxes and trays
* Backing, lining and support
== Personal Risks == 
Coroplast® is combustible and may release harmful toxins at temperatures of 600 degrees F. 
See Coroplast® health and safety sheet []
== Collection Risks ==
Some products may contain additive and coatings. 
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Sheets that are 4 mm thick will not burst on Mullen tester. May degrade in sunlight.
Melting Point	162.2
Density 	90 g/cc
== Working Properties ==
Coroplast® may be cut or scored with a utility knife and bent with heat. It also may accumulate a static charge.
== Forms/Sizes ==
Available in a variety of thicknesses ranging from 2-6 mm.
== Resources and Citations ==
* Preservation Equipment: Website
* Rachael Perkins Arenstein, Lisa Goldberg, and Eugenie Milroy, ‘Support and Rehousing for Collection Storage’ In ‘Preventive Conservation: Collection Storage’ Lisa Elkin and Christopher A. Norris (eds.), Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections, New York. 2019. 
* National Park System, Conserv O Gram, Number 8/2, 'Safe Plastic & Fabrics for Display & Storage': Link
* Pam Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype Press, London, 2002
* A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms, Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998
* Website address: www.preservationequipment.com/367.html
* Preserv'Art at http://preservart.ccq.mcc.gouv.qc.ca/ProduitFiche.aspx?NoProduit=P0030
Category:Materials databaseCategory:MWGCategory: Board/Panel, PlasticCategory:Board/Panel, Corrugated
Correction white

== Description ==
A quick drying white liquid. Correction white is used to quickly cover drawn, written or types ink lines. It has high hiding power and dries quickly.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
White-Out; Wite-Out
==Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
Category:Materials database
Correx

== Description ==
[Coropak] A brand name for a series of extruded corrugated plastic sheet products made from propylene ethylene copolymer. Correx sheets have been marketed since 1972. The stable, lightweight, and recyclable sheets are available in various dimensions ranging in thicknesses of 1 - 8 mm. Normally, Correx is made without an additives. Special batches can be requested with additives, such as flame retardants, anti-static agents, or vapor phase corrosion inhibitors.
== Risks ==
Flammable
==Resources and Citations==
* Coropak: Correx
* CoOL DistList 5 Feb 2002
Category:Materials databaseCategory: MWG[[Category: Board/Panel, Corrugated][[Category: Board/Panel, Plastic]
Corrosion

== Description ==
The electrochemical degradation of a material, usually a metal, due to reactions with its environment or applied reagents. Corrosion may affect the color, texture, or form of the object. Corrosion is accelerated by the presence of acids, bases, halogen salts, as well as oxygen and moisture. Contact of two metals of differing electrochemical potentials can result in galvanic corrosion. Copper, nickel, chromium, and zinc are some of the more corrosion resistant metals and are often used as protective coatings for other metals. 
Examples are corrosion are: 
* Iron reacts with water and oxygen to form rust. 
* Aluminum quickly oxidizes to form a protective oxide layer. 
* Glass dissolves in alkaline solutions. 
* Concrete is softened by sulfate solutions. 
* Copper produces a stable patina in moist air.
Materials that minimize corrosion include:
* Corrosion inhibitor: a liquid or solid corrosion resistant layer coated onto the susceptible surface (painting, plating, anodizing, etc.)
* Vapor phase corrosion inhibitor: a gas that provides a corrosion resistant layer on the susceptible surface
* Scavenger: a sorbent that removes pollutants and/or moisture and oxygen from the air
* Desiccant: a hygroscopic sorbent that removes moisture from the air
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
patina; oxidation; tarnish; rust; degradation; corrosive material; zinc pest; pitting; fouling; black spots
== Additional Images ==
File:Bronze.Disease.ovr.jpg|Bronze disease
File:Bronze.Disease.Det.jpg|Bronze disease
File:Black.Spots.jpg|Corrosion
==Resources and Citations==
* J.Waite, "Architectural Metals: Their Deterioration and Stabilization" in Preservation and Conservation: Principles and Practice, S.Timmons (ed.), Preservation Press, Washington DC, 1976, p. 213.
* Wikipedia: Corrosion Accessed July 2023
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 290
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Corrosion Classification Coupon

== Description ==
[Purafil, Inc.] A brand name for commercially available metal coupons used to detect potential corrosive atmospheric pollutants. The coupons are available in silver, copper and or gold. Corrosive gases, such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxide, organic acids and chlorine compounds, may be detected. The coupons are placed in the testing area for a 30 day exposure then returned to the Purafil laboratory for analysis of the type and thickness of corrosion film. Copper coupons are generally used in industrial environments with high levels of pollutants. The silver coupons are more sensitive to low level sulfur pollutants. 
See also OnGuard Atmospheric Corrosion Monitor.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
CCC; coupon indicateur de corrosion (Fr.)
==Resources and Citations==
* Product Information Comment: manufacturer's literature
* Pam Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype Press, London, 2002
Category:Materials database
Corrosion Intercept

== Description ==
[Intercept Technology, Inc.] A registered trademark for a series of products made from a patented plastic barrier film. Corrosion Intercept® was developed by Lucent Technology/Bell Labs, who then licensed the patent to Intercept Technology in 1983 for development and marketing. Corrosion Intercept® film contains highly reactive copper particles in an inert plastic (e.g. polyethylene) matrix. This forms a reactive barrier for corrosive and oxidative gases. According to their website, Corrosion Intercept® (CI) has the more recognizable Copper color, but it is designed for lighter corrosion duties than Static Intercept®. CI is the preferred choice for museum, archival, and consumer applications for protection of silver, copper, brass, bronze, iron, and steel in addition to CDs, photographic prints, film, books, and works of art.
== Applications ==
== Personal Risk ==
* CI is volatile free, safe, clean protection.
* Corrosion Intercept: [Safety Data Sheet]
== Environmental Risk ==
* Corrosion Intercept uses a #4 recyclable, reusable resulting in a low carbon footprint
==Working Properties== 
* Expected Corrosion Protection Term: 3-7 Years; multiple years of protection based on material style, gauge, and aggressive environment level exposure
* Needs to be replaced when metallic particles turn black
== Forms/Sizes ==
* Corrosion Intercept® is available as open top pouches, zip-close bags, and coin storage cases. It is also available in films, sheets and larger sizes.
==Resources and Citations==
* Intercept Technologies: Website
* Rachael Perkins Arenstein, Lisa Goldberg, and Eugenie Milroy, ‘Support and Rehousing for Collection Storage’ In ‘Preventive Conservation: Collection Storage’ Lisa Elkin and Christopher A. Norris (eds.), Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections, New York. 2019. 
* Seco Industries: http://www.seco-ind.com/Packaging_CorrosionIntercept.htm
* University Products: http://www.archivalsuppliers.com
Category:Materials database
Corrosion resistance

== Description ==
The ability of a metal to resist chemical changes due to oxidation. Corrosion resistance can be increased by coating the metal surface with oil, wax, paint, oxide layers, passive films, a more noble metal (plating), anti-corrosion treatments, or by controlling its exposure environment. 
Some materials that can be used to inhibit corrosion include:
* Vapor phase corrosion inhibitor: provides a corrosion resistant layer on the surface
* Scavenger: removes pollutants and/or moisture and oxygen from the airs
* Desiccant: removes moisture from the air
Some anticorrosion treatments include:
For corrosion resistance on metals	Process 	Substrates 	Advantages 	Disadvantages
Anodizing 	Formation of protective oxide layer; immersion in electrolytic solution 	Non-ferrous metals, primarily aluminum 	Long-lasting, chemically stable,, non-toxic, no dangerous by-products 	Unsuitable for ferrous metals; limited options for colors
Galvanizing 	Immersion of metal in molten zinc bath to produce protective zinc carbonate layer 	Steel, bolts and nuts, air ducts, trash cans 	Highly stable, adheres tightly; zinc coating actively covers scratches, cuts and dents after they occur 	Expensive for large items; color is dull gray
Electroplating (electrodeposition)	Deposition of a thin layer of one metal on the surface of another; both metal are placed in electrolytic solution	Copper, nickel, gold, silver, chrome, zinc tin, jewelry, ornaments;	Excellent corrosion resistance; often increases in mechanical properties, can produce aesthetic appearance	Expensive; produces non-uniform coating thicknesses; potentially toxic; solutions contain environmentally harmful chemicals
Powder Coating 	An electrostatic process to adhere powder-based substance onto a charged metal surface followed by heat curing. 	Metals, household appliances, automobile parts 	Coatings are durable with many color options; no solvents are used thus no VOCs emissions 	Requires spray booths and ovens, difficult to achieve thin coatings
Paint Coating 	Application of liquid paint; some types of polymers require mixing prior to application 	Almost anything 	Readily accessible; cost effective; wide variety of options 	Some paints contain toxic elements and/or VOCs.; durability is lower than other coatings
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Korrosionbestândigkeit (Deut.); résistance à la corrosion (Fr.); corrosion inhibitor
==Resources and Citations==
* Corrosionpedia: Coatinghttps://chansmachining.com/types-of-industrial-coating/ Accessed October 2024
* Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988
* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrosion_inhibitor Corrosion inhibitor) Accessed July 2023
Category:Materials database
Corrosive sublimate

== Description ==
An old name for mercuric chloride. Corrosive sublimate is a highly toxic chemical that was used for years as a wood preservative, rat poison, insecticide, and fungicide. 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
mercuric chloride; bichloride of mercury
== Risks ==
* Violent poison, can be fatal in minutes with ingestion of 0.5 grams. 
* Toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. Egg white is used as an antidote.
==Resources and Citations==
* L. Goldberg, A History Of Pest Control Measures In The Anthropology Collections, National Museum Of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, JAIC (35):23-43, 1996
* R. Mayer, The Artist's Handbook of Materials and Techniques, Viking Press, New York, 1981
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* George Savage, Art and Antique Restorer's Handbook, Rockliff Publishing Corp, London, 1954
Category:Materials database
Corrugated board

== Description ==
A board that is folded or shaped with parallel alternative ridges and grooves. Corrugated or pleated paper was patented in 1856 and in 1871 a patent was issued for corrugated cardboard. By 1874, a machine was patented to make cellulosic corrugated board with liner sheets on each side. The alternating ridges increase the strength, and thickness of a material without increasing its weight. It is used for packaging and cushioning. Types of paper-based corrugated boards, such as blueboard or Archival corrugated board, are often used in museums. More recently corrugated plastic sheets have also found multiple uses in museums. 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
* Cellulosic: blueboard; corrugated paper; pleated paper; corrugated brown; cardboard
* Plastic: fluted plastic sheet; polyflute; Coroplast, Cor-X, Correx, Hexlite, Hi-Core,Tycore, Corrulite, Corulite, and Diversi-Plast.
==Resources and Citations==
* Jean Tétreault, 'Products Used in Preventive Conservation – Technical Bulletin 32' CCI website
* Boise Cascade Paper Group, The Paper Handbook, Boise Cascade, Portland OR, 1989
* The Dictionary of Paper, American Paper Institute, New York, Fourth Edition, 1980
* E.J.LaBarre, Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Paper-making, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 1969 Comment: 1890 patented by G.M.Smith
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrugated_board - gives the following patent dates: corrugated paper=1856 (England); corrugated cardboard=1871 (Albert Jones, U.S.); corrugated cardboard box=1890 (Robert Gair, U.S.)
* Book and Paper Group, Paper Conservation Catalog, AIC, 1984, 1989
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials databaseCategory:MWGCategory:Board/Panel, CompositeCategory: Board/Panel, Corrugated
Corrugated glass

== Description ==
A glass sheet shaped with parallel grooves and ridges. Corrugated glass is manufactured by pressing hot glass into a mold (Bucher 1996). 
See also prism glass.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
vidro canelado (Port.)
==Resources and Citations==
* W. Bucher, Dictionary of Building Preservation, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1996.
Category:Materials database
Corrugated metal

== Description ==
A thin, strong structural metal shaped with parallel grooves and ridges. Corrugated metal is often galvanized for weather resistance. It is used for siding, decking, and roofing.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
métal ondulé (Fr.); chapa ondulada (Port.); corrugated iron; corrugated steel; corrugated plate; corrugated sheet;
==Resources and Citations==
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
Category:Materials database
Cortex

== Description ==
An intermediate region in a plant or organism that lies just inside the cuticle or epidermis layer, but outside the vascular tissue. The cortex is a storage area that contains pigment granules, resins, latex, essential oils, tannins, chloroplasts and starch. In a cross section, the cortex usually appears as a continuous structure. Its thin fibrillar cells can sometimes be seen in the lengthwise microscopic examination of a fiber or hair.
Category:Materials database
Cosmoloid

== Description ==
A brand name for series of microcrystalline wax formulations. Cosmoloid waxes have been used for lining paintings and coating metal sculptures. H80 H84
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
cera microcristalina Cosmoloid (Esp.); cosmolloid (It)
==Resources and Citations==
* Conservation termlist: www.hants.org.uk/museums 
* Teri Hensick, contributed information, 1998
Category:Materials database
Cotton canvas

== Collection Risks ==
Links to Oddy Test results posted on AIC Wiki Materials Database Pages for individual materials below
° John Ranger Canvas Tested in 2016
° Testfabrics, Inc. Cotton Duck 464U Tested in 2013
° Daguerre Coated Canvas 400 Tested in 2014
° Goya Coated Canvas 340 Tested in 2014
° Monet Coated Canvas 410 Tested in 2014
Category:Materials databaseCategory:MWG
Cotton count

== Description ==
A numbering system that indicates the weight of a cotton yarn. The base count of cotton is 840 yard to the pound. Thus, a No. 10 cotton has 10 times the base count or 8400 yards to the pounds. A No. 80 sewing thread has 76200 yards to the pound. With this system, a higher yarn number indicates a finer grade of yarn.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
yarn number; garennummer (Ned);
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971
* Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
Category:Materials database
Cotton flower

== Description ==
A natural yellow dye obtained from the flowers of cotton plants of the Gossypium species. Cotton flowers are used fresh or dried. On wool, cotton flowers give a brassy color when mordanted with chrome. On cotton, the flowers give a dull yellow color using an alum mordant. The dye has good color fastness.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Gossypium;flor del algodón (Esp.); fiore di cotone (It.); flor de algodão (Port.)
Category:Materials database