Oberliga

The Oberliga (English:Upper League) is currently the third tier of ice hockey in Germany. For the 2015-16 season, the Oberliga is split into two different divisions.
==Logos==
Oberliga East.png
Oberliga Nord.png
Oberliga Sud.png
Oberliga West.png
==History==
===1948-58===
The ice hockey Oberliga is the oldest continuously operating league in this sport in Germany. The league was formed in 1948, then as the highest level of play in the country. It started out with six teams who played a home-and-away season to determine the German champion. The founding members were:
* EV Füssen (became first champion of the league)
* Preußen Krefeld
* SC Riessersee
* VfL Bad Nauheim
* HC Augsburg
* Kölner EK
The league expanded to eight clubs for the second season and twelve in the third. From 1952 onwards the league operated with eight clubs again. The 1957–58 season was the last one for the league as the highest level of play in the country. It was decided to form the Eishockey Bundesliga. The best eight clubs from the Oberliga, which then operated with twelve clubs again, qualified for the new top division.
===1958-73===
The Oberliga remained in existence however, now as the second tier of German ice hockey. Starting out with eight clubs in the league again, it expanded to twelve in the coming seasons. The year 1966 saw the league split into a northern and a southern group. The two separate leagues were called Oberliga Süd and Oberliga Nord. The winners of the two divisions would determine the Oberliga champion in a home-and-away series.
The league reunited in a single division in 1970, now with a strength of 16 teams and direct promotion to the Bundesliga.
The 1972-73 season was the last one as a tier-two league. With the foundation of the 2nd Bundesliga, the Oberliga fell to tier three. While the league champion moved up to the Bundesliga and the teams placed two to nine gained entry to the new second division, only the bottom seven clubs remained in the league.
===1973-94===
The Oberliga was now again divided into a northern and a southern group. The top two teams out of the two divisions originally played out a promotion round to the 2nd Bundesliga which also served to determined the Oberliga champion. While the modus and number of teams in the league continued to fluctuat, the overall situation remained the same.
===1994-99===
The year 1994 saw major changes in the German league system. The Bundesliga and 2nd Bundesliga merged to form the new DEL, an independently run league consisting of 18 clubs in its foundation years. Those second division clubs that did not elect to join the DEL were integrated into the new 1st Liga, which had replaced the Oberliga and operated in a northern and a southern group. The best teams of each of the two divisions played out a DEB championship, similar to the old Oberliga championship.
The 1998-99 season was very much a transition season. The DEB had reintroduced a single-division, nationwide league, titled Bundesliga to compete with the DEL. The league below was now the 1st Liga, which was made up of those clubs from the 1st Liga not admitted to the new Bundesliga and 2nd Liga clubs. However, this situation existed for only one season.
===1999-present===
From 1999, the league returned to its traditional name Oberliga, with two regional groups, north and south. In turn, the league above it took the name 2nd Bundesliga. The DEL renamed itself DEL - Bundesliga.
Due to a lack of interest, the Oberliga Nord dissolved after the 2000-01 season. The three clubs from this region which were still interested in playing on Oberliga level joined the southern division.
The Oberliga Süd, largely made up of Bavarian clubs, continued to operate successfully in the coming season, usually including a couple of northern clubs, while the Oberliga Nord was not reestablished until 2007.
The ESBG, now operating the 2nd Bundesliga and Oberliga for the DEB decided to reform an Oberliga Nord in 2007. The two separate divisions of the league were however not completely independent of each other, like in the past. Teams from the same league would meet each other four times now, while clubs from different divisions would only meet twice in the regular season. At the end of this, a combined play-off round would determine the Oberliga champion.
In 2007-08, the Oberliga was split in a northern and a southern group for the first time since 2001. The northern group contains nine, the southern ten clubs. The four best-placed teams from each group enter a best-of-five play-off round to determine the Oberliga champion and the two promoted teams to the 2nd Bundesliga. The bottom four in each group enter a play-down round to determine the relegated teams.
In the 2008-09 season, the league played in a single division format before switching to four regional divisions with an Oberliga championship at the end from 2010 onwards.
==Champions==
===1949-58===
* From 1949 to 1958, the Oberliga champions were also the German champions.
Season 	Club
1948-49	EV Füssen
1949-50	SC Riessersee
1950-51	Preußen Krefeld
1951-52	Krefelder EV
1952-53	EV Füssen
1953-54	EV Füssen
1954-55	EV Füssen
1955-56	EV Füssen
1956-57	EV Füssen
1957-58	EV Füssen
===1959-73===
* From 1959, the league was the second tier of German ice hockey.
Season 	Club
1958-59	VfL Bad Nauheim
1959-60	TuS Eintracht Dortmund
1960-61	ESV Kaufbeuren
1961-62	EV Landshut
1962-63	EV Landshut
1963-64	TuS Eintracht Dortmund
1964-65	Preußen Krefeld
1965-66	Berliner Schlittschuhclub
* League played in a northern and southern division.
Season 	Oberliga Nord 	Oberliga Süd
1966-67	VfL Bad Nauheim 	Augsburger EV
1967-68	Eintracht Frankfurt	SC Riessersee
1968-69	Kölner EK 	ESV Kaufbeuren
1969-70	EC Deilinghofen 	EV Rosenheim
* Bold denotes Oberliga champion.
Season 	Club
1970-71	Preußen Krefeld
1971-72	Berliner Schlittschuhclub
1972-73	Kölner EC
===1973-94===
* From 1973, the Oberliga was now the third tier of German ice hockey.
Season 	Oberliga Nord 	Oberliga Süd
1973-74	EC Hannover 	EC Peiting
1974-75	Herner EV 	EHC 70 München
1975-76	Herner EV 	EHC 70 München
1976-77	EHC Essen 	ERC Freiburg
1977-78	RSC Bremerhaven 	EV Regensburg
1978-79	Herner EV 	Deggendorfer SC
1979-80	Hamburger SV 	VER Selb
1980-81	Hamburger SV 	Augsburger EV
1981-82	Eintracht Frankfurt	EC Peiting
1982-83	ESG Kassel 	SV Bayreuth
1983-84	EC Bad Nauheim 	VERE Selb
1984-85	SC Solingen 	EHC 80 Nürnberg
* In 1975, the TSV Straubing won the title, having come second in the regular season.
* For two seasons, the league was split into three divisions.
Season 	Oberliga Nord	Oberliga Mitte	Oberliga Süd
1985-86	Neusser SC 	EV Stuttgart 	EHC 80 Nürnberg
1986-87	EC Ratingen 	EV Stuttgart 	ERC Ingolstadt
Season 	Oberliga Nord 	Oberliga Süd
1987-88	Westfalen Dortmund 	ERC Sonthofen
1988-89	ECD Sauerland Iserlohn 	Augsburger EV
1989-90	Grefrather EV 	EV Ravensburg
1990-91	EC Bad Nauheim 	SC Memmingen
1991-92	ETC Timmendorfer Strand	TuS Geretsried
1992-93	Frankfurter ESC 	EV Landsberg
1993-94	ESC Wedemark 	Heilbronner EC
* In 1994, the EC Bad Tölz won the Oberliga championship, having finished third in the regular season.
* Bold denotes Oberliga champion.
===1994- present===
* The league was renamed and became the second tier of German ice hockey.
Season 	1st Liga Nord 	1st Liga Süd 	Championship
1994-95	ERC Westfalen Dortmund	SC Riessersee 	EHC Freiburg
1995-96	ESC Wedemark 	Heilbronner EC 	ESC Wedemark
1996-97	EHC Neuwied 	EC Bad Tölz 	EHC Neuwied
1997-98	EHC Neuwied 	Heilbronner EC 	EHC Neuwied
1998-99	REV Bremerhaven 	SC Bietigheim-Bissingen	REV Bremerhaven
* The league returned to its old names and became the third tier of the league system again.
Season 	Oberliga Nord	Oberliga Süd
1999–2000	EV Duisburg 	EHC Straubing
2000-01 	EHC Wolfsburg	EV Regensburg
* The Oberliga Nord folded and the southern division became the only German Oberliga.
Season 	Oberliga Süd
2001-02	EV Landshut
2002-03	1. EV Weiden
2003-04	REV Bremerhaven
2004-05	Dresdner Eislöwen
2005-06	EV Landsberg 2000
2006-07	Heilbronner Falken
* The league is split into two groups with a joint finals round.
Season 	Oberliga Nord 	Oberliga Süd 	Championship
2007-08	Dresdner Eislöwen	Tölzer Löwen 	Dresdner Eislöwen
2008-09	Hannover Indians 	ESV Kaufbeuren	not determined
* In the 2009-10 season, the league played in a single division format with eleven clubs:
Season 	Oberliga
2009–10	Starbulls Rosenheim
* From 2010-2015 the league was played in four regional divisions:
Season 	Oberliga North 	Oberliga East 	Oberliga West 	Oberliga South	Championship
2010–11	Rostocker EC Piranhas	Saale Bulls Halle 	EHC Dortmund 	Tölzer Löwen 	SC Riessersee
2011–12	Rostocker EC Piranhas	Saale Bulls Halle 	Rote Teufel Bad Nauheim	EC Peiting 	Tölzer Löwen
2012-13	Rostocker EC Piranhas	Saale Bulls Halle 	Kassel Huskies 	EC Peiting 	Rote Teufel Bad Nauheim
2013-14	Hannover Scorpions 	Ice Fighters Leipzig	Löwen Frankfurt 	VER Selb 	
2014-15	Hannover Scorpions 	Ice Fighters Leipzig	Füchse Duisburg 	EHC Freiburg 	EHC Freiburg
Starting in 2015-16, the league was divided into two regional divisions (North and South).
Season 	Oberliga Nord 	Oberliga Süd 	Championship
2015-16	Füchse Duisburg 	EV Regensburg	Tilburg Trappers
2016-17	Herner EV 2007 	Tölzer Löwen 	Tilburg Trappers
2017-18	Tilburg Trappers 	Deggendorf SC	Tilburg Trappers
2018-19	Tilburg Trappers 	EC Peiting 	EV Landshut
2019-20	Tilburg Trappers 	EV Regensburg	Not awarded
2020-21	Hannover Scorpions	VER Selb 	VER Selb
2021-22	MEC Halle 04 	1. EV Weiden 	EV Regensberg
2022-23	Hannover Scorpions	1. EV Weiden 	Starbulls Rosenheim
2023-24	Hannover Scorpions	1. EV Weiden 	1. EV Weiden
==See also==
* List of Oberliga seasons
* Deutsche Eishockey Liga, the DEL
* 2nd Bundesliga
* Bavarian ice hockey leagues
==External links==
* The Oberliga at Eishockey-Magazin
* The Oberliga at Hockeyweb.de
* Hockey Archives - International ice hockey website with tables and results (in French)
* Official website of the ESBG for the 2nd Bundesliga and Oberliga
Category:Ice hockey leagues