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TSG-Staggered Running Stitch

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== STAGGERED RUNNING STITCH ==
===Other names===
Walls of Troy Stitch
===Directions===
Work from right to left and hold the needle perpendicular to the textile. Bring needle out to the front side at l. Move to the left and insert needle through fabric to the reverse side at 2. Move to the left and up or down to execute next stitch.
===Comments===
This stitch is used to avoid sewing over the same weak warp or weft yarns. It is also used when the Stab Stitch or the Running Stitch would be too noticeable, such as on a flat, smooth or tightly woven fabric. It is not appropriate for use when the two fabrics would react differently to gravity or humidity.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Attaching Lining, Dust Covers and Backings
 
Mounting
 
Securing a Damaged Area to a Support Fabric
===See also===
Running stitch
Stab stitch
TSG-Tapestry Strap Stitch

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== TAPESTRY STRAP STITCH ==
===Other names===
Running Hem Stitch
===Directions===
Work from the reverse side of the textile.	Anchor thread in the strap.	Insert the needle between warp yarns of the tapestry and bring out to the tapestry front side at 1. Cross over one warp and insert needle to the tapestry reverse side at 2. The next stitch is done only in the strap (fabric) . Insert needle through the strap to the reverse side at 3. Bring needle out to the front side of the strap at 4. Continue alternating stitches between tapestry and the strap .
===Comments===
This stitch is used when attaching fabric straps, etc. to a tapestry in the vertical direction. Use a continuous thread, adding additional thread with a weaver's knot, if necessary. Stitches should run in a straight line to facilitate a straight hanging of the piece.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Attaching Lining, Dust Covers and Backings
 
Hemming
TSG:Back Stitch

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== BACK STITCH ==
===Directions===
Work from right to left. Bring needle out to the front side at 1. Move slightly to the right and insert needle through fabric to the reverse side at 2. To continue, bring needle out to the front side, one stitch length to the left at 3. Move back to 1 and insert needle through fabric to the reverse side. Repeat.
===Comments===
This technique forms stitches which touch each other. A series of back stitches resembles straight machine stitching on the front side. Stitches on the reverse side overlap and are twice the length of those on the front.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Creating Seams
 
Joining Fabric
Mounting
Reinforcing Holes and Tears
Stabilizing Seams
===See also===
Half Back Stitch
Running/Back Stitch
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Basic Couching Stitch

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== BASIC COUCHING STITCH ==
===Other names===
Simple Couching Stitch
===Directions===
Place loose yarn of the artifact into its proper position. Bring needle with a new thread out to the front at one side of the loose yarn at 1. Lay new thread across (perpendicular to) the loose yarn. On opposite side of the loose yarn at 2, insert needle through fabric to the reverse side. Repeat. Vary placement of the perpendicular stitches when more than one yarn is being couched .
===Comments===
This stitch is used to secure a warp, weft, or supplementary yarn that has become detached from its original ground.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Reinforcing Holes and Tears
 
Reinforcing Weak Areas
Securing a Damaged Area to a Support Fabric
Securing Loose Threads to a Ground Fabric
===See also===
Laid and Couched Stitch 
Self-Couching Stitch 
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Basting Stitch

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== BASTING STITCH ==
===Other names===
Regular Basting Stitch
Tacking Stitch
===Directions===
Work from right to left. Insert needle through fabric to the reverse side at 1 and bring out to the front side at 2, at least 1/2 inch to the left. Repeat.
===Comments===
This temporary stitch is used to hold two or more layers of fabric together.	It is worked the same as the Running Stitch, except that the stitches are longer.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Securing a Damaged Area to a Support Fabric
 
Temporary Stitch
===See also===
Diagonal Basting Stitch 
Running Stitch 
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Blanket Stitch

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== BLANKET STITCH ==
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===Other names===
Buttonhole Stitch
Loop Stitch
===Directions===
Work from left to right. Bring needle out to the front side near the textile edge at l. Move slightly to the right and insert needle through fabric to the reverse side at 2. Bring needle down to the edge at 3. Before pulling needle through, carry thread from the previous stitch under point of needle. Repeat.
===Comments===
This stitch is commonly used on edges.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Closing Slits
 
Finishing and Stabilizing Warp Ends
 
Reinforcing Selvedges
===See also===
Reverse Blanket Stitch 
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Blind Stitch

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== BLIND STITCH ==
===Other names===
::Invisible Stitch 
::Tunnel Stitch
===Directions===
Work from right to left. This stitch is executed between two layers of fabric. Roll back the edge of one layer of fabric. Insert needle into this fabric at 1, catch a few threads and bring out at 2. Move needle slightly to the left and insert in the second layer of fabric at 3. Catch a few threads and bring needle out at 4. Continue to alternate the stitches between layers of fabric. Do not pull thread taut.
===Comments===
These stitches give the appearance of the Running Stitch on the reverse sides of the fabric layers.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Attaching Lining, Dust Covers and Backings
 
Hemming
 
Joining Fabric
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Buttonhole Stitch

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== BUTTONHOLE STITCH ==
===Other names===
Handworked Buttonhole Stitch
===Directions===
Work from right to left.	Bring needle out to the front side near the textile edge at 1. Loop thread to left, then down to right.	Insert needle from the reverse side at 2, keeping looped thread under both point and eye of needle. Pull needle through and place the purl (knot) on the top edge.	Repeat.
===Comments===
This stitch is sewn on a textile edge. It can be used as a covering for the slit of a buttonhole when stitches are spaced very closely together.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Closing Slits
 
Finishing and Stabilizing Edges
 
Finishing and Stabilizing Warp Ends
 
Reinforcing Selvedges
===See also===
Blanket Stitch
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Chain Stitch

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== CHAIN STITCH==
===Directions===
Work from right to left. Bring needle out to the front side at 1. Loop thread up to the left and around. Insert needle in at 1 and out of fabric over looped thread at 2. Pull needle through to form looped stitch. 2 becomes 1 for next stitch. Keep the thread loose.
===Comments===
This stitch forms a series of interlinked loops of thread on the front side.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Finishing and Stabilizing Warp Ends
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Channeling

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== CHANNELING ==
===Directions===
At approximately 1/2 inch to one inch before the weak area of the textile, insert a threaded needle in the space between the warp and the wefts that encase the warp, leaving a thread tail. Draw the needle through this space to the area of repair. If this technique is used for rewarping, carry the thread to the other side of the damaged area and channel through the other part of the same warp.
===Comments===
The channel is the space between a warp and the wefts. Channeling is a technique for securing the ends of repair thread in tightly woven textiles. It is also used to anchor a thread or yarn used as a replacement warp, or to add an additional warp in a textile.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Rewarping
 
Securing Thread
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Cross Stitch/Over an Edge

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== CROSS STITCH/OVER AN EDGE ==
===Directions===
Work from right to left. Bring needle out to the front side at 1. Move thread to the left and to the textile edge at 2. Wrap thread over the edge and insert needle from the reverse side to the front side at 3. Work across the entire area. To make crosses, repeat the stitch in the opposite direction.
===Comments===
Even tension control of the thread is needed when worked over an edge.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Finishing and Stabilizing Edges
 
Finishing and Stabilizing Warp Ends
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Darning Stitch

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== DARNING STITCH ==
===Other names===
Weaving Stitch
===Directions===
Begin and end rows of stitching in a stable area of the textile. Warp: Work from right to left. Bring needle out to the front side at 1. Insert needle through fabric to the reverse side at 2 (directly below). Bring needle out to the front side at 3. Insert needle through fabric to the reverse side at 4 (directly above), and repeat for as many yarns as needed . Keep warp yarns loose to accommodate the new wefts. Weft: Work from left to right, starting at the upper left corner. Bring needle out to the front side at A, and weave across the warps, going over and under alternate lengthwise yarns. Insert needle through fabric to the reverse side at B. Bring needle out to the front side at C and make the next crosswise run, putting the thread over and under opposite yarns from the previous row. Continue until the area is covered. Vary the point where rows begin and end .
===Comments===
This is used to fill in missing yarns. The fabric surrounding the hole must be strong to support the reweaving, or it will cause more damage.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Reinforcing Holes and Tears
 
===See also===
Invisible Darning Stitch 
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Diagonal Basting Stitch

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== DIAGONAL BASTING STITCH ==
===Other names===
Crosswise Basting Stitch
Half Cross Stitch
Tailor Basting Stitch
Tent Stitch
===Directions===
Work from right to left. Insert needle through fabric to the reverse side at 1 and bring out to the front side at 2, so the stitch formed on the reverse side is parallel to either the warp or the weft of the fabric. Insert needle through fabric to the reverse side at 3, to the left of and even with the point where the needle was first inserted, forming a stitch on the top side diagonal to the warp and the weft. Bring needle out to the front side at 4 to begin next stitch. Repeat.
===Comments===
This large stitch is used to control layers of fabric within the area being conserved .
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Securing a Damaged Area to a Support Fabric
 
Temporary Stitch
===See also===
Basting Stitch 
Overcast Stitch 
Oversewing Stitch 
Tacking Stitch 
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Diagonal Stitch/Knot over Previous Stitch

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== DIAGONAL STITCH/KNOT OVER PREVIOUS STITCH ==
===Directions===
Work from right to left on reverse side of the textile. Modify a Diagonal Basting Stitch by having the thread on the front side of the textile go over the warp yarns. Keeping the needle perpendicular to the fabric, stab straight through the Velcro, lining, and textile but avoid piercing the textile yarns. When needed, insert the needle through previous stitch, form a knot on the needle and pull towards you to tighten. Move the needle to the left and insert to begin the next Diagonal Stitch. Knot: Holding thread taut with the left hand, wrap thread around the needle once or twice. Keeping fingers over the wrapped thread, pull the needle through.
===Comments===
The knot is used occasionally with a series of Diagonal Stitches. It is used when the warps run in the same direction as the row of Diagonal Stitches. Although knots are rarely used in textile conservation, they are often used when securing Velcro to heavy textiles. It is reasoned that if a stitch were to break, a large portion of the stitches could be pulled out by the weight of the textile. Knots are added to guard against this happening.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Securing Velcro Heading to Reverse, Top Edge of Heavy Textiles
 
===See also===
Diagonal Basting Stitch
Diagonal Stitch/Modified French Knot
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Diagonal Stitch/Modified French Knot

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== DIAGONAL STITCH/MODIFIED FRENCH KNOT ==
===Directions===
Work from right to left on reverse side of the textile. Modify a Diagonal Basting Stitch by having the thread on the front side of the textile go over the warp yarns. Keeping the needle perpendicular to the fabric, stab straight through the Velcro, lining, and textile, but avoid piercing the textile yarns. When needed, secure thread with a Modified French Knot before re-entering the textile. Modified French Knot: Holding thread taut with the left hand, wrap thread around the needle once or twice. Keeping fingers over the wrapped thread, insert the needle into the textile and pull through. (Unlike a true French Knot, this stitch does not begin and end in the same location.)
===Comments===
The Modified French Knot is used occasionally with a series of Diagonal Stitches. It is used when warps run in the same direction as the row of Diagonal Stitches. Although knots are rarely used in textile conservation, they are often used when securing Velcro to heavy textiles. It is reasoned that if a stitch were to break, a large portion of the stitches could be pulled out by the weight of the textile. Knots are added to guard against this happening.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Securing Velcro Heading to Reverse, Top Edge of Heavy Textiles
 
===See also===
Diagonal Basting Stitch
Diagonal Stitch/Knot over Previous Stitch
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Figure 8 Stitch

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== FIGURE 8 STITCH ==
===Other names===
Antique Stitch
Pine Tree Stitch
===Directions===
Bring needle out to the front side at 1. Insert needle through the fabric slit and bring out to the front side from the reverse side at 2, which is on the opposite edge of the slit and slightly above 1. Thread must appear to lie perpendicular to the slit. Go in the opposite direction for the next stitch sequence.	Repeat. The threads will cross each other in the repaired slit.
===Comments===
This stitch is very similar to the Lacing Stitch, except Figure 8 Stitches are sewn more closely together, resulting in straight stitches on the front.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Closing Slits
 
Joining Fabric
 
===See also===
Lacing Stitch 
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Half Back Stitch

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== HALF BACK STITCH ==
===Other names===
Uneven Back Stitch
===Directions===
Work from right to left. Bring needle out to the front side at 1. Move needle desired stitch length to the right and insert through fabric to the reverse side at 2. Move needle twice the stitch length to the left and bring out to the front side at 3. Move needle one stitch length to the right at 4 and insert needle through fabric to the reverse side. Repeat.
===Comments===
This stitch is worked in a similar manner to the Back Stitch, but with spaces left between stitches on the front side.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Creating Seams
 
Mounting
Securing a Damaged Area to a Support Fabric
Stabilizing Seams
===See also===
Back Stitch
Running/Back Stitch
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Hemming Stitch

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== HEMMING STITCH ==
===Other names===
Hem Stitch
Vertical Hemming Stitch
===Directions===
Work from right to left. Bring needle out to the front side through the top fabric layer at 1. Move needle directly below and insert in the bottom layer of fabric at 2. Catch a few threads and bring needle out to the front side at 3. Move slightly to the left and into the top fabric. Bring needle from the reverse side to the front side at 4 to begin the next stitch. Repeat.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Attaching Lining, Dust Covers and Backings
 
Hemming
 
Joining Fabric
Mounting
===See also===
Slip Stitch
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Herringbone Stitch

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== HERRINGBONE STITCH==
===Other names===
Barred Witch Stitch
Cat Stitch
Catch Stitch
Crossed Backstitch
===Directions===
Work from left to right. Bring needle out to the front side at 1. Take a slanting stitch to the top right , insert needle through fabric to the reverse side at 2. Move needle a short distance to the left and bring out to the front side at 3. Move needle down to the right and insert needle through fabric to the reverse side at 4 to complete stitch. Repeat.
===Comments===
This stitch is sometimes worked from the front side of the textile with the long segments on the reverse side.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Hemming
 
Mounting
 
Securing a Damaged Area to a Support Fabric
===See also===
Herringbone Stitch/Knot over Previous Stitch 
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Herringbone Stitch/Knot over Previous Stitch

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== HERRINGBONE STITCH/KNOT OVER PREVIOUS STITCH==
===Directions===
Work from right to left on reverse side of the textile. Modify a Herringbone Stitch by opening the stitches so the threads do not cross one another. The short segment of the stitch should cross over the warp and run vertical instead of horizontal. Keeping the needle perpendicular to the fabric, stab straight through the Velcro, lining, and textile, but avoid piercing the textile yarns.
When needed, insert the needle through the previous stitch. Form a knot on the needle, pull towards you to tighten, and slip knot onto thread. Move needle to the left to begin the next Herringbone Stitch. Knot: Holding thread taut with the left hand, wrap thread around the needle once or twice. Keeping fingers over the wrapped thread, pull the needle through.
===Comments===
The knot is used occasionally with a series of Herringbone Stitches . It is used when warps run in the same direction as the row of Herringbone Stitches. Although knots are rarely used in textile conservation, they are often used when securing Velcro to heavy textiles. It is reasoned that if a stitch were to break, a large portion of the stitches could be pulled out by the weight of the textile. Knots are added to guard against this happening.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Securing Velcro Heading to Reverse, Top Edge of Heavy Textiles
===See also===
Herringbone Stitch 
Diagonal Stitch/Knot over Previous Stitch 
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Invisible Darning Stitch

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== INVISIBLE DARNING STITCH ==
===Directions===
Bring needle out to the front side at 1. Make rows of tiny Running Stitches, back and forth, keeping the stitches parallel with the grain of the fabric. Submerge the stitches in the thickness of the textile and keep the thread loose. Vary the point where rows begin and end.
===Comments===
This is a technique for securing loose threads around a tear and for closing a tear. A fine thread is desirable when executing this stitch.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Closing Slits
 
Reinforcing Tears
 
Securing a Damaged Area to a Support Fabric
===See also===
Running Stitch
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.
TSG:Lacing Stitch

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== LACING STITCH ==
===Other names===
Antique Stitch
Ball Stitch
Baseball Stitch
===Directions===
Bring needle out to the front side at 1. Insert needle through the fabric slit at a diagonal and bring out to the front side from the reverse side at 2, on the opposite side of the slit and above 1. Go in opposite direction for the next stitch sequence. Repeat. The threads will cross each other in the repaired slit.
===Comments===
This stitch is very similar to the Figure 8 Stitch, except that Lacing Stitches are spaced farther apart, resulting in slanted stitches on the front.
===Possible uses for this stitch===
Closing Slits
 
Joining Fabric
 
===See also===
Figure 8 Stitch
Copyright: . The Textile Wiki pages are a publication of the Textile Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works.