nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Ostrich

== Description ==
A flightless African bird, Struthio camelus, that is raised for its feathers and skin. Ostrich feathers grow up to 2 feet in length and are used for decorations on hats and for dusting brushes. Male ostrich feathers are black while the feathers from female birds are a soft gray or white. Ostrich leather was once popular for handbags. Extraction of the quills produced a pockmark texture that resembled small rosettes. Ostrich egg shells were used for small disk beads and pendants in ancient Egypt.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Struthio camelus; ostrich feather; ostrich leather; ostrich shells; strudsen (Dan.); afrikanische Strauß (Deut.); avestruz (Esp., Port.); autruche (Fr.); struzzo (It.); struisvogel (Ned.); struœ (Pol.); struts (Sven.)
==Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Skin has quill holes appearing as tiny rosettes.
== Additional Images ==
File:52.1265-SC120631.jpg|Woman's headdressMFA# 52.1265
File:ostrichwp2.jpg|Ostrich Struthio camelus
== Resources and Citations ==
* A.Lucas, J.R.Harris, Ancient Egyptian Materials and Industries, Edward Arnold Publishers Ltd., London, 4th edition, 1962
* Edward Reich, Carlton J. Siegler, Consumer Goods: How to Know and Use Them, American Book Company, New York City, 1937
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrich (Accessed Nov. 9, 2005)
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 315
* Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Otter

== Description ==
1) Small aquatic mammals of the family Mustelidae. Otters have very dense, soft underfur covered by long guard hairs. Otters are native to several areas around the globe where they live in both fresh water (river otter) and marine (sea otter) environments. Once widely hunted and trapped to near extinction, otters are now protected by the 1911 Fur Seal Treaty. 
2) See annatto.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Otter (Deut.); nutria (Esp.); loutre (Fr.); lutrinae (It.); lontra (It., Port.); otters (Ned.);
== Additional Images ==
File:Brazilian Giant Otter.jpg|Brazilian Giant Otter
File:River Otter.jpg|River Otter
File:Sea Otter.jpg|Sea Otter
File:otterlarge.jpg|Otter
== Resources and Citations ==
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "otter." (Accessed 14 Sept. 2005).
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otter (Accessed Sept. 14, 2005)
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Ouboku (Old fustic) - center (117 C)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_05-29-2009_117.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 117
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 2nd shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| center (117 C)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| dark brown
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 黄木 : Ouboku
|-	
! scope="row"|Dye (English common name)
| Old fustic
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| unspecified
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| iron
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| There is a similar plant called Young Fustic; which is shorter than Ouboku and does not grow tall.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ouboku (Old fustic) - center (4 C)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_03-26-2009_004.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 4
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 1st shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| center (4 C)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| brown
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 黄木: Ōboku
|-	
! scope="row"|Dye (English common name)
| Old fustic
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| heartwood (?) /dried (?)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| iron; ash water
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| By repeating the procedure of dyeing and mordanting, the resultant color can be deeper.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ouboku (Old fustic) - left (115 L)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_05-29-2009_115.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 115
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 2nd shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| left (115 L)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| pale cream
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 黄木 : Ouboku
|-	
! scope="row"|Dye (English common name)
| Old fustic
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| unspecified
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| ash water
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| The name of this plant is either Ouboku (Gold Holy_ or Old fustic. The color would be affected by ash water but hardly by acid. Old fustic tree grows tall, suggesting that it might be what was called Kro-tree () in the ancient China. The left sample was firstly soaked into the dye bath, followed by ash water.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ouboku (Old fustic) - left (5 L)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_03-26-2009_005.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 5
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 1st shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| left (5 L)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| brown (slightly greenish)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 黄木: Ōboku
|-	
! scope="row"|Dye (English common name)
| Old fustic
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| heatwood (?) /dried (?)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| iron
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| (Chlorophora tinctoria)
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ouboku (Old fustic) - right (115 R)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_05-29-2009_115.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 115
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 2nd shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| right (115 R)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| golden yellow
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 黄木 : Ouboku
|-	
! scope="row"|Dye (English common name)
| Old fustic
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| unspecified
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| The name of this plant is either Ouboku (Gold Holy_ or Old fustic. The color would be affected by ash water but hardly by acid. Old fustic tree grows tall, suggesting that it might be what was called Kro-tree () in the ancient China.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ouboku (Old fustic) - right (5 R)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_03-26-2009_005.jpg~Normal]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 5
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 1st shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| right (5 R)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| brown (slightly reddish)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 黄木: Ōboku
|-	
! scope="row"|Dye (English common name)
| Old fustic
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| heatwood (?) /dried (?)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| iron; ash water
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| (Chlorophora tinctoria)
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ouren (Goldthread) - left (296 L)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_09-10-2009_296.jpg~Normal|Uemura_09-10-2009_296_UV.jpg~UV]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 296
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 4th shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| left (296 L)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| yellow
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 黄蓮 : Ouren
|-	
! scope="row"|Dye (English common name)
| Goldthread
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (botanical name)
| Coptis japonica (Thunb.) Makino var. anemonifolia (Siebold et Zucc.) H.Ohba
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| root / dried (?)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| aluminum oxide
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| The dyeing technique was recorded in the Buyakuryo (), the 8th century AD, Japan. In the list compiled by the Ministry of Forestry, it was recorded that the root and stem of this plant were used as a yellow dye in Thoku, Chugoku and Shikoku regions in Japan.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ouren (Goldthread) - left (297 L)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_09-10-2009_297.jpg~Normal|Uemura_09-10-2009_297_UV.jpg~UV]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 297
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 4th shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| left (297 L)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| yellow (slightly blue tone)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 黄蓮 : Ouren
|-	
! scope="row"|Dye (English common name)
| Goldthread
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (botanical name)
| Coptis japonica (Thunb.) Makino var. anemonifolia (Siebold et Zucc.) H.Ohba
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| root / dried (?)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| copper
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| The resultant color was less red but more blue than any other ones treated with different kinds of mordant.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ouren (Goldthread) - right (296 R)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_09-10-2009_296.jpg~Normal|Uemura_09-10-2009_296_UV.jpg~UV]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 296
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 4th shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| right (296 R)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| yellow
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 黄蓮 : Ouren
|-	
! scope="row"|Dye (English common name)
| Goldthread
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (botanical name)
| Coptis japonica (Thunb.) Makino var. anemonifolia (Siebold et Zucc.) H.Ohba
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| root / dried (?)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's notes
| The dyeing technique was recorded in the Buyakuryo (), the 8th century AD, Japan. In the list compiled by the Ministry of Forestry, it was recorded that the root and stem of this plant were used as a yellow dye in Thoku, Chugoku and Shikoku regions in Japan.
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ouren (Goldthread) - right (297 R)

[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Uemura_09-10-2009_297.jpg~Normal|Uemura_09-10-2009_297_UV.jpg~UV]]]{| class="wikitable"
|-	
! scope="row"|Museum number
| 297
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura number / title
| ; "Haze-some 25"
|-	
! scope="row"|Folder location
| 4th shelf
|-	
! scope="row"|Sample location
| right (297 R)
|-	
! scope="row"|Fiber type
| silk
|-	
! scope="row"|Color
| yellow
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (Japanese common name)
| 黄蓮 : Ouren
|-	
! scope="row"|Dye (English common name)
| Goldthread
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff (botanical name)
| Coptis japonica (Thunb.) Makino var. anemonifolia (Siebold et Zucc.) H.Ohba
|-	
! scope="row"|Plant part
| root / dried (?)
|-	
! scope="row"|Dyestuff extraction
| boiled in water
|-	
! scope="row"|Auxiliary agent in dye bath
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Mordant
| chromium
|-	
! scope="row"|Other auxiliary agent
| -
|-	
! scope="row"|Uemura's date
| Kyoto
|}
Category:Uemura dye archive
Ouricury wax

== Description ==
A vegetable wax obtained from the leaves of the palm tree, Cocos coronapa, found in northeastern Brazil. Ouricury wax is very similar to carnauba, except that it has a greenish brown color that is difficult to bleach. Ouricury wax contains about 6% triterpenes. It is used as an inexpensive substitute for carnauba and is blended with carnauba to increase gloss.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Cocos coronapa; urucury
== Risks ==
* Combustible.
== Physical and CHemical Properties ==
* Acid number = 3.4-21.1
* Iodine value = 6.9-7.8
* Saponification value = 61.8-85.8
* Melting Point = 79-94 C
* Density = 0.970-1.053 g/ml
== Comparisons ==
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 148; melting point = 85C, acid number = 10.6, iodine value = 16.9, saponification value = 78.8
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* John S. Mills, Raymond White, The Organic Chemistry of Museum Objects, Butterworth Heineman, London, 2nd ed., 1994
* CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: melting point=79.0-93.8, density=1.053, iodine value=6.9-7.8, acid value=3.4-21.1, saponification value=61.8-85.8
Category:Materials database
Overglaze

== Description ==
A ceramic glaze, often translucent, added on top of a previously glazed piece. The overglaze is fired at a lower temperature.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
O/G; on-glaze
==Resources and Citations==
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: -"pottery." Accessed 4 Feb. 2005
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Owl

== Description ==
Any of several night-hunting birds of the order Strigiformes that are found on every continent except Antarctica. Owls primarily feed on small mammals and fish.
==Resources and Citations==
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "owl." Accessed 2 Jan. 2005 .
* Wikipedia at http://www.wikipedia.com/owl
Category:Materials database
Ox hair

== Description ==
The long, thin, stiff hairs from the ears of ruminating mammals, such as oxen or cattle (Bos taurus). Ox ear hair is used in large artist brushes because it is firmer and less floppy than red sable. These less expensive brushes are used for architecture rendering and watercolor painting. The brushes are strong and springy but will not come to a point because of the hair's cylindrical shape.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
ox ear hair
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Available in two colors: tan or dark brown
== Resources and Citations ==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 387
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Zora Sweet Pinney, 'A Handle on the Terms used for Artists' Brushes', unpublished glossary, 1999
Category:Materials database
Oxblood glaze

== Description ==
A blood red glaze used primarily on porcelain that was developed in China during the K'ang-hsi period (1705-1712). Oxblood glaze contains copper oxide which turns red when fired in a reducing atmosphere. The glaze sometimes contains turquoise streaks. The glaze was popularly imitated in Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
ox-blood; sang-de-boeuf (Fr.); sang de boeuf; ch'ui hung (Chin.); lang yao hong; blown red; rouge flambé
==Resources and Citations==
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "pottery." Accessed 4 Feb. 2005 .
* Chinese Porcelain Glossary by Jan-Erik Nilsson, Gothenburg, Sweden 2004: http://www.gotheborg.com/glossary/glossaryindex.htm
* Dictionary of Conservation Terms, European Union, 2003
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Oxford Dendrochronology Laboratory

"The Oxford Dendrochronology Laboratory is an independent tree-ring dating lab with close links for training with the Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, Oxford University, as well as the Ancient Monuments Laboratory, English Heritage. In 1986 work initially concentrated in the City and County of Oxford, but now covers most of Southern England, West Midlands, and Wales. There have also been incursions into France and a respectable group of buildings dated in America." (extracted from website)
Web Address 	http://www.dendrochronology.com/
Postal Address	Oxford Dendrochronology Laboratory
Mill Farm
Mapledurham
Oxfordshire
RG4 7TX
United Kingdom
Phone 	01189 724074
Fax 	01189 724404
Contact 	daniel.miles@rlaha.ox.ac.uk
Searchable 	Yes
== Comments ==
Results from laboratory studies are available online along with copies of numerous articles published by the researchers.Category:Directory
Oxford clay

== Description ==
A yellow to brown clay that contains carbonaceous material that burns during firing. Oxford clay has been used as a raw material for English brick, such as Peterborough Flettons (Fournier 1992).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Peterborough Flettons
==Resources and Citations==
* Robert Fournier, Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery, Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992
Category:Materials database
Oxford ocher

== Description ==
A fine grade of yellow ocher obtained from the Shotover Hills near Oxford, England. Oxford ocher was introduced in the 19th century and mined until the mid 20th century (Harley 1982).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Oxford ochre; English ocher; stone ocher; stone ochre; stone yellow
==Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* R.D. Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982
Category:Materials database
Oxgall

== Description ==
A semitransparent liquid obtained from the gall bladders of cattle. Oxgall, or ox bile, contains sodium choleate salts (taurochloate and glycochloate) with some cholesterol, lecithin, and other natural products. Oxgall is dried and powdered, then mixed with water or ethanol for use. It is an effective natural wetting agent that is used with watercolor paints to facilitate flow. Oxgall has also been used in marbling, engraving, lithography, and textile dyeing. It has been used as a plasticizer in glue-paste mixtures (Ackroyd, 1996).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
ox gall ; ox-gall (Br.); ox bile; sodium choleate; Bi-ketolan; Bilein; Bilicholan; Cholatol; Crescefel; desicol; Doxychol; Glycotauro; Panoxolin; Plebilin
==Risks==
* LobaChemie: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
Soluble in water, ethanol.
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971
* Reed Kay, The Painter's Guide To Studio Methods and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1983
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* George Savage, Art and Antique Restorer's Handbook, Rockliff Publishing Corp, London, 1954
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Oxidation

== Description ==
1) A reaction in which a material combines chemically with oxygen to form an oxide. In an oxidation reaction where electrons are transferred, the oxidized material loses electrons. Oxidation is a degradation process that is usually irreversible. One example of oxidation is when metallic silver on the surface of a photograph reacts with oxygen and becomes invisible, thus degrading the image quality. 
2) The deposit formed on the surface of a metal or plastic due to an oxidation reaction.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
oxidize; oxidise (Br.); autoxidation
==Resources and Citations==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Pam Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype Press, London, 2002
* IPI: Photograph Activity Test
* Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Oxide

== Description ==
Any binary compound containing oxygen. Most metals form oxides, such as silver oxide, lead oxide, etc. Generally, the term oxide has also been used for surface corrosion and for ceramic colorants, regardless of their composition (Mayer 1969)
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
Category:Materials database
Oxidizing bleach

== Description ==
Oxidizing bleaches react with some stains and discolorations to forms a soluble product that can be washed away. Chlorine, in the form of calcium hypochlorite or sodium hypochlorite, is the most commonly known oxidizing bleach. Less reactive oxidizing bleaches, such as hydrogen peroxide, and sodium perborate, are sometimes preferred.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
hydrogen peroxide; calcium hypochlorite; sodium hypochlorite; chloramine-T; chloramine-B; chlorine dioxide; potassium permanganate
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* M.Hey, "Paper Bleaching: Its Simple Chemistry and Working Procedure: The Paper Conservator 2:10-23, 1977.
Category:Materials database