William Henry Breton

William Henry Breton was a lieutenant in the Royal Navy who wrote the books Excursions in New South Wales, Western Australia and Van Dieman's Land, during the years 1830, 1831,1832 and 1833, first published in 1833 and Scandinavian Sketches, or, A Tour in Norway, published in 1835. The books resulted from private visits to Australia, or New Holland as it was then known, in 1829-30 and 1832-33 and to Norway, Sweden and Russia in 1834.
==Royal Navy Service==
William Henry Breton entered the Navy 7 Jan. 1812; passed his [Lieutenant's] examination in 1818; and obtained his commission 10 March, 1827. He has since been on half-pay, is the entry in the 1849 edition of A Naval Biographical Dictionary A Naval Biographical Dictionary by Richard O'Byrne. In 1864 as a Lieutenant on the Reserved List he was allowed to assume the rank of Retired Commander.https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/22898/page/4655 It is also known he served on the following shipshttps://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C9727715
HM Ship 	Entry 	Rank 	Discharge
Vengeur 	6/05/1818 	Volunteer 	20/08/1818
Salisbury 	21/08/1818	Master's Mate	4/12/1819
Impregnable 	6/04/1820 	Midshipman 	8/08/1821
Windsor Castle	9/08/1821 	Midshipman 	24/10/1821
Salisbury 	30/10/1821	Midshipman 	26/03/1823
Maidstone 	4/02/1826 	??? Mate 	2/02/1827
Maidstone 	3/02/1827 	Lieutenant 	20/02/1827
==New Holland== 
Breton arrived in Fremantle in October 1829https://archive.org/details/excursionsinnew00bretgoog/page/17/mode/2up, probably (the passenger list has been lost.https://membership.wags.org.au/1829-ships/104-lotus) on the Lotus (1826 ship), and stayed for about a month exploring the surrounding country before continuing on to Sydney on the Lotus arriving on 4 December 1829 The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842) Sat 5 Dec 1829. This appears to be the only time he visited Western Australia.
He is in NSW for 6 months before traveling to Hobart The Tasmanian (Hobart Town, Tas. : 1827 - 1839) Fri 2 Jul 1830, arriving 30 June 1830. A fellow passenger is Captain D'Arcy Wentworth Jr. of the 63rd Regiment who is stationed at Bothwell, Tasmania where he is also Police Magistrate. On 20 November 1830 Breton returned to England Launceston Advertiser (Tas. : 1829 - 1846) Mon 29 Nov 1830 ending his first visit to Australia.
 
On his second visit he stayed for about five and a half months arriving in Sydney on 25 August 1832 on the ship Brothers - a fellow passenger being Captain Phillip Parker KingThe Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842) Mon 27 Aug 1832. He later travelled to Hobart. In the book he writes when in the colony [ie Van Diemen's Land] in November 1832, however a shipping report shows W. Breton, Esq arriving in Hobart from Sydney on 12 December 1832 The Hobart Town Courier (Tas. : 1827 - 1839) Fri 14 Dec 1832. It is also likely he attended on 3 November 1832, at Parramatta, the marriage of his brother, at the time a Major in the 4th Regiment of Foot, to Eliza Maria Blaxland The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842) Sat 10 Nov 1832, the daughter of John Blaxland (explorer). 
On 24 January 1833 he returned to Sydney from HobartThe Sydney Monitor (NSW : 1828 - 1838) Sat 26 Jan 1833 and on 11 February 1833 sailed on the ship Brothers for London.
==Family Life==
William Breton Breton was born on 7 January 1799 in Clapham Surrey. His parents were Peter, an assistant judge/magistrate in Jamaica and Lucy (nee Goldwin) Breton. Peter died in 1803 and Lucy in 1820. He had 10 siblings. One, his twin brother Henry William Breton would later join the army and cross paths with William in Australia. William, his mother and siblings were beneficiaries in will of his uncle Thomas Goldwin, a former sugar plantation owner in Jamaica, who died in 1809.
In 1844 he married Elizabeth Anne D'Arch Launceston, Tasmania Launceston Examiner (Tas. : 1842 - 1899) Sat 16 Mar 1844. It was a double wedding with Elizabeth's sister Mary marrying Thomas Craufurd. Elizabeth was born in Paddington, Essex on 18 May 1820. After the death of her father, Elizabeth with her mother and sisters Mary, Sarah and Sophia had come to Van Diemans land in 1837The Cornwall Chronicle (Launceston, Tas. : 1835 - 1880) Sat 30 Sep 1837 to stay with her brother Henry D'Arch, a Magistrate and Collector of Customs in Launceston.
In 1849 William and Elizabeth returned to London and a daughter, Adela Breton was born there that year. A son Harry D'Arch Breton was born in Bath in 1851. In 1852 he purchased a four storey Georgian townhouse in Camden Crescent Bath. 
He travelled again to Van Dieman's land for about 10 weeks in 1854, possibly to finalise his business interests in the colony and collect property . He sold his house in Richmond, now known as the Old Rectoryhttps://www.ourtasmania.com.au/hobart/richmond.html at this time.
He died in 1887 at his Bath residence at the age of 88. His wife predeceased him in 1874. Adela was the sole beneficiary of his estate valued at £45,587.
A photograph of William with his wife, daughter and brother Henry is online at the Bristol Museumhttps://artuk.org/discover/stories/digitisation-of-the-adela-breton-collection-at-bristol-museum-art-gallery.
Category:Military ranks of the Royal Navy