1st Maryland Cavalry (U)

== Regimental History and Service Record ==
 
 
 In Brief
Organized at Baltimore and Williamsport, Md., Pittsburgh, Pa., and Washington, D.C., August, 1861, to June, 1862. Companies "A," "B," "C," "D," "E" and "F" organized at Baltimore, Md. Company "G" organized at Pittsburgh, Pa., as Patterson's Union Cavalry April 5, 1861. Companies "H" and "I" organized in Washington and Allegheny Counties, Pa. Company "K" organized at Allegheny City, Pa., as Morehead's Cavalry Company August 19, 1861. Companies "L" and "M" organized at Washington, D.C., May, 1862. Companies "G." "H," "I" and "K" were attached to 1st Virginia Union Cavalry August, 1861, to January, 1862, when assigned to 1st Maryland Cavalry. Regiment attached to Dix's Command, Baltimore, Md., to March, 1862 (Cos. "A," "B," "C," "D," "E" and "F"). Department of West Virginia to March, 1862 (Cos. "G," "H," "I," "K"). (Co. "K" ordered to Washington, D.C., August 19, 1861. Attached to Landers' Command, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. Duty at Williamsport, Hancock and Cumberland, Md.) Hatch's Cavalry Brigade, Dept. of the Shenandoah, to June, 1862. Cavalry Brigade, 2nd Corps, Pope's Army of Virginia, to September, 1862. Cavalry Brigade, 11th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to February, 1863. Defenses Upper Potomac, 8th Army Corps, Middle Department, February, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1863. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, Cavalry Corps, to October, 1863. Provost Marshal General's Command, Army of the Potomac, to February, 1864. 3rd Separate Brigade, 8th Army Corps, Middle Dept., to June, 1864. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 10th Army Corps, Army of the James, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina, to October, 1864. 3rd Brigade, Cavalry Division, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina, to April, 1865. Cavalry, Dept. of Virginia, to August, 1865.
SERVICE.--
* September 3-4, 1862 - Skirmishes near Edward's Ferry, MarylandOriginally listed 1861 on unit profile, not known which is accurate
Action at Greenbrier, W. Va., October 3, 1861 (Co. "G"). Ball's Bluff, Va., October 21, 1861 (Detachment). Stone's Cross Roads, Ball's Bluff, Bath and Alpine Station, January 4, 1862 (Cos. "G," "H" and "I"). Hancock January 5-6 (Co. "K"). Bloomery Gap January 7 and February 14 (Co. "I"). Regiment at Baltimore, Md., until March, 1862. Operations in Shenandoah Valley March to June. Advance on Winchester March 7-15. Pursuit of Jackson up the Valley. Retreat to Williamsport, Md., May 24-26. 
* May 24, 1862 - Action at Middletown, Virginia
* Cos. "D," "F," "H," "K" and "L" arrive at Harper's Ferry, W. Va., May 25 
* May 25, 1862 - Battle of Winchester, Virginia (Companies A/B/C/G/I)
Charlestown May 28. Defense of Harper's Ferry May 28-30 (Cos. "D," "F," "H," "K" and "L"). Near Harper's Ferry June 9. Expedition to Madison Court House, Culpeper and Orange Court Houses July 12-17. Near Culpeper July 12. Rapidan Station July 13. Madison Court House August 8. Battle of Cedar Creek August 9. 
* August 16-September 2, 1862 - The Northern Virginia Campaign
** Fords of the Rappahannock August 21-23. 
** Fauquier, White Sulphur Springs, August 23-24. 
** August 28, 1862 - Engagement at Gainesville, Virginia 
** Groveton August 29. 
** Bull Run August 30. 
** Chantilly September 1. 
** Evacuation of Winchester September 2 (Cos. "H," "I"). 
* The Maryland Campaign (September 3-20, 1862)Not originally explicitly referenced on unit homepage
** September 6, 1862 - Skirmish at Frederick, Maryland 
** September 7, 1862 - Skirmish near Boonsboro, Maryland
** September 10, 1862 - Skirmish near Boonsboro, Maryland
** September 12-13, 1862 - Action at Maryland Heights, Maryland (Companies H and I)
Cut way through enemy's lines September 14 (Cos. "H" and "I"). Culpeper September 14. Sharpsburg September 15. Capture of Longstreet's trains (Cos. "H," "I"). Rapidan Station September 16. Duty in the Defenses of the Upper Potomac covering Washington, D.C., until December. Manassas, Va., October 23-24. 
* October 29, 1862 - Affair opposite Williamsport, Maryland
Reconnaissance from Bolivar Heights to Rippen, W. Va.. November 9 (2 Cos.). Reconnaissance to Winchester December 2-6 (Detachment). Battle of Fredericksburg December 12-15. Dumfries December 27. Duty in the defenses of the Upper Potomac until April, 1863; near Cumberland, Md., Grove Church, near Morrisville, January 26. 
* April 27-May 6, 1863 - The Chancellorsville Campaign
** Stoneman's Raid April 27-May 8. 
** May 3, 1863 - Skirmish near Ashland, Virginia
* Brandy Station, or Fleetwood, and Beverly Ford, June 9. 
* June 11-August 1, 1863 - The Gettysburg CampaignNot originally referenced on unit homepage
** June 17, 1863 - Action at Aldie, Virginia 
** Frederick, Md., June 21 (Detachment). 
** Upperville June 23. 
** Middleburg June 25. 
** Westminster June 30. B
** July 1-3, 1863 - Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
** Emmettsburg July 4-6. 
** Middletown July 5. 
** Leitersburg July 7. 
** Cavetown July 8. 
** July 10, 1863 - Skirmishes about Hagerstown, Maryland
** July 10, 1863 - Skirmish at Old Antietam Forge, Maryland
Shepherdstown July 14 and 16. Beverly Ford September 6. Advance from the Rappahannock to the Rapidan September 13-17. Culpeper Court House September 13. Rapidan Station September 13 and 15-16. Raccoon Ford September 15. White's Ford September 21. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Germania Ford and James City October 10. Near Warrenton October 11. White Sulphur Springs October 12-13. Bristoe Station October 14. Near Centreville and Brentsville October 14. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Grove Church, near Morrisville, November 26. Parker's Store November 29. Duty In Middle Department until June, 1864. Princeton May 6. Jeffersonville May 8. Wier Bottom Church, on Bermuda Hundred Front, Va., June 16-17. Richmond and Petersburg R. R. June 19. Deep Bottom July 21. New Market Heights July 27-28. Strawberry Plains, north of the James, August 14-18. Flusser's Mills August 14. Deep Run August 16-18. Siege of Petersburg August 25-September 27. Battle of Chaffin's Farm September 28-30. New Market Heights October 7. Darbytown Road October 13. Fair Oaks October 27-28. Smithfield December 7. Duty before Richmond to March, 1865. Scout to Long and Bottom's Bridge January 30, 1865. Expedition to Fearnsville and Smithfield February 11-15. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Dinwiddie Court House March 30-31. Five Forks April 1. Sutherland Station April 2. Burgess Mills April 3. Deep Creek April 4. Amelia Court House April 5. Sailor's Creek and Harper's Farm April 6. Farmville April 6-7. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. March to Danville April 23-29. Duty in the Department of Virginia until August. Mustered out August 8, 1865.
 
 
 1861
THE First Maryland Cavalry was organized at Baltimore and Williamsport, Maryland, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and Washington, D. C., from August, 1861, to June, 1862, to serve three years. On the expiration of its term of service, the original members, except veterans, were mustered out of service, and the organization, composed of veterans and recruits, retained in service until August 8, 1865, when it was mustered out of service in accordance with orders from the War Department.
Companies A, B, C, D and E were recruited in Baltimore City, Company F at Cockeysville and Baltimore City, Companies G and K at Pittsburg, Pa., Companies H and I in Washington and Allegany Counties, Companies L and M in Washington City, D. C.
The formation of this regiment by detachments at different points on different dates divided, for a time, the regiment and their sphere of usefulness.
 
 
 1862
Companies G, I and K rendered valuable service in Western Virginia, more especially during the raid by General (Stonewall) Jackson's Confederate Army from Winchester, through Berkeley Springs, to Hancock, Md., in January, 1862; and Russell's Company I particularly distinguished itself at Bloomery Gap, West Virginia, February 14, 1862.
Companies A, B, C, G and I of the 1st Maryland Cavalry, under Lieutenant-Colonel Wetschy, aided in covering the retreat from Winchester, Va., of General Banks' Division, that had been attacked by an overwhelming army of the enemy under the command of Generals Jackson and Ewell, May 24, 1862.
Companies D, F, H, K and L of the 1st Maryland Cavalry, under Major Deems, arrived at Harper's Ferry, Va., on the 25th day of May, 1862, in time to aid in repulsing any farther advance of the enemy in that direction. They were pushed forward on the 28th day of May, 1862, with the111th Pennsylvania Infantry and Cole's Maryland Cavalry and a section of Artillery, to Charlestown, Va., and there encountered the advancing column of Jackson's Army; a brisk skirmish ensued, in which the 1st Maryland Cavalry incurred serious loss.
The 1st Maryland Cavalry advanced up the Shenandoah Valley, Va., via Smithfield, to Winchester, with Banks' Division, in June, 1862, and thence into eastern Virginia, where it became a part of General Pope's Army.
In the campaign of General Pope's Army the 1st Maryland Cavalry were conspicuous, and rendered splendid service in the engagements that ensued, more especially at Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862; Centreville, August 28, 1862, and Bull Run, August 30, 1862.
Companies H and I, of the 1st Maryland Cavalry, who had remained in the Shenandoah Valley, became a part of the garrison at Harper's Ferry, Va., and rendered very gallant service at the time of its siege and capture by the enemy, September 15, 1862, when it was concluded to surrender the garrison; these two companies of the 1st Maryland Cavalry joined the cavalry column, who cut their way through the enemy's lines.
 
 
 1863
The 1st Maryland Cavalry formed a part of General Stoneman's cavalry column during his raid through the enemy's lines in Virginia, April and May, 1863. At the famous cavalry fight at Brandy Station, Va., June 9, 1863, the 1st Maryland Cavalry acted with distinguished gallantry. The regiment was an active participant in all of the cavalry fights that ensued and culminated at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3, 1863, when the Confederate Cavalry Division of General J. E. B. Stuart was signally defeated and driven back.
 
 
 1864
The 1st Maryland Cavalry continued with the Cavalry Corps of the Army of the Potomac until assigned for a short time to duty with the Army of the James. 
 
 
 1865
After General Sheridan's return from the Shenandoah Valley to the Army of the Potomac, the 1st Maryland Cavalry became a part of that famous cavalry corps, and they rendered signal service at the battle of Five Forks, April 1, 1865, and during the brilliant maneuvers by the cavalry corps that resulted in the surrender of Lee's Army at Appomattox Court House, Va., April 9, 1865.
 
 
 Engagements
The 1st Maryland Cavalry participated in the following skirmishes and battles, either in whole or in part, during the Civil War, viz.: 
* Balls Bluff, Va., January 4, 1862; 
* Stone's Cross Roads, Va., January 4, 1862; 
* Bath, Va., January 4, 1862; 
* Alpine Depot, Va., January 4, 1862; 
* Hancock, Md., January 5 and 6, 1862; 
* Bloomery Gap, Va., January 7, 1862; 
* Bloomery Gap, Va., February 14, 1862; 
* Middletown, Md., May 24, 1862; 
* Winchester, Va«, May 24, 1862; 
* Charlestown, Va., May 28, 1862; 
* Harper's Ferry, Va., June 9, 1862; 
* Rapidan Station, Va., July 13, 1862, 
* Madison Court House, Va., August 8, 1862; 
* Cedar Mountain, Va.? August 9, 1862; 
* Rappahannock Station, Va., August 22, 1862; 
* Freeman's Ford, Va., August 22, 1862; 
* White Sulphur Springs, Va., August 23, 1862: 
* Centreville, Va., August 28,1862; 
* Gainesville, Va., August 28, 1862; 
* Grovetown, Va., August 29, 1862; 
* Bull Run, Va., August 30, 1862; 
* Boonesboro, Md., September 7, 1862; 
* Maryland Heights, Md., September 13, 1862; 
* Sharpsburg, Md., September 15, 1862; 
* Manassas Junction, Va., October 23, 1862j 
* Fredericksburg, Va., December 13, 1862; 
* Dumfries, Va., December 27, 1862; 
* Stoneman's Raid, Va., April and May, 1863j 
* Brandy Station, Va., June 9, 1863; 
* Beverly Ford, Va., June 9, 1863; 
* Aldie, Va., June 19, 1863; 
* Middleburg, Va., June 23, 1863; 
* Upperville, Va., June 23, 1863; 
* Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3, 1863; 
* Middletown, Md., July 5, 1863; 
* Shepherdstown, Va., July 14,1863: 
* Culpepper, Va., September 14, 1863; 
* Rapidan Station, Va., September 16, 1863; 
* White Sulphur Springs, October 13, 1863; 
* Bristoe Station, October 14, 1863; 
* Mine Run, Va., November 26 to December 2, 1863; 
* Bermuda Hundred, Va., June 17, 1864;
* Richmond and Petersburg Railroad, Va., June 19, 1864; 
* Deep Bottom, Va., July 27, 1864; 
* Flussen's Mill, Va., August 14, 1864; 
* Deep Run, Va., August 16-18, 1864; 
* Siege of Petersburg, Va., August 25, September 27,1864; 
* Chaffin's Farm, Va., September 29, 1864; 
* Darbeytown Road, Va., October 13, 1864; 
* Fair Oaks, Va., October 27, 1864; 
* Smithfield, Va., December 7, 1864; 
* Five Forks, Va. (Dinwiddie County), April 1, 1865; 
* Hatcher's Run, Va., April 2, 1865; 
* Burgess Mill, Va., April 3, 1865; 
* Five Forks, Va. (Amelia Court House), April 4, 1865; 
* Sutherland Depot, Va., April 5, 1865; 
* Richmond & Danville Railroad, Va., April 5, 1865; 
* Farmville, Va., April 6, 1865; 
* Appomattox Court House, Va., April 9, 1865.
The death casualties in the 1st Maryland Cavalry were as follows: Killed in battle, three (3) commissioned officers and sixty-five (65) enlisted men—total, sixty-eight (68); died of wounds, disease, etc., three (3) commissioned officers and one hundred and thirty (130) enlisted men—total, one hundred and thirty-three (133), or an aggregate death list of two hundred and one (201).
 
 
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== Regimental Roster ==
 
 
 Field and Staff Officers
 
 
 Regimental Band
 
 
 Company A
 
 
 Company B
 
 
 Company C
 
 
 Company D
 
 
 Company E
 
 
 Company F
 
 
 Company G
 
 
 Company H
 
 
 Company I
 
 
 Company K
 
 
 Company L
 
 
 Company M
 
 
 Unassigned
 
 
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== Regiment Statistical Information ==
* Regiment lost during service 3 Officers and 65 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 3 Officers and 130 Enlisted men by disease. Total 201.
== Legacy ==
== Notes ==
== Sources == 
* (Pages 759, 760, 761, 762, 763, 827, 900, 905, 906, 907, 916, 919, 1228-1229)
* (Pages 701-747)
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