Climate Change Summit Paris

Read the Original Paris Agreement on Climate Change
* https://bit.ly/48XprsU
Interactive Version of the First Nation-by-Nation Climate Plans Agreement
Via CarbonBrief (2015)
On 12 December 2015, after 21 years of negotiations, the United Nations delivered a universal, legally binding climate change agreement.
The 32-page document sets out how countries should reduce their emissions, adapt to climate impacts and finance the low-carbon economy over the coming decades.
Over the course of 2015, the text was shortened and simplified — but it was only in Paris that countries got down to the business of haggling over the most controversial elements of the text and deciding on the precise wording of the deal.
This interactive graphic outlines and explains all the fundamental components of the Paris deal.
Among other issues, the graphic covers mitigation, adaptation, loss and damage, finance and transparency. It looks at the elements of the so-called “ambition mechanism”, the inclusion of a 1.5C aspirational target, the long-term goal, and more...
🌎
2023
GreenPolicy360: Climate Plans Enforcement Initiative
Methods to Enforce Climate Plan Pledges
Pressuring Nations to Step Up, Cooperate, and Act Now
Committee on Earth Observation Satellites
Environmental Laws, Regulations, Rules... Lawsuits & Legal Actions
🌎
2022
Global Climate Summits in Paris (2015), Glasgow (2021) and Sharm El-Sheikh (2022): Now the National Promises and Pledges Made in the UN Conferences Agreements Need To Be 'Reality Checked' 
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Glasgow_Climate_Summit_-_Pledges,_Promises,_Declarations_-_What%27s_Next_Up
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Climate_Plans_Enforcement_-_Resources
U.S. Re-enters Paris Climate Agreement and Re-starts International Climate Cooperation -- 2021
🌎
2021
* https://news.climate.columbia.edu/2021/02/04/u-s-rejoins-paris-agreement/
* https://blog.nationalgeographic.org/2021/02/19/the-u-s-officially-re-enters-the-paris-climate-agreement/
* https://www.npr.org/2021/02/19/969387323/u-s-officially-rejoins-paris-agreement-on-climate-change
* https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement/nationally-determined-contributions-ndcs/nationally-determined-contributions-ndcs
* https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement/the-paris-agreement
As the U.S. Abandons International Cooperation -- 2020
Mandy Gunasekara Pushes to Leave the International Climate Agreement: She is Rewarded by Returning to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as Chief of Staff
2020 NDC Tracker - International Climate Commitments
The data, the hard facts and based on the consensus science -- Nations are aiming to limit global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius but even if all nations achieve the targets set for themselves at the 2015 Paris Agreement (nationally determined climate goals), our global temperatures are on track to rise by 2.7 degrees Celsius by the end of the century. 
 
* https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/carbon-clock/
 
 
::::
 
○ 
Climate Change Performance Index
Published annually since 2005, the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) is an independent monitoring tool for tracking countries’ climate protection performance. It aims to enhance transparency in international climate politics and enables
comparison of climate protection efforts and progress made by individual countries.
The implementation phase of the Paris Agreement enters a crucial phase in 2020, where countries are due to submit their updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). In light of this, the CCPI aims to inform the process of raising climate ambition. As a long-standing and reliable tool for identifying leaders and laggards in climate protection, the CCPI can be a powerful instrument to hold governments accountable for their responsibility to act on the climate crisis – and of stimulating a race to the top in climate action.
News on the #ClimateCrisis: States / Regions Plan and Act
Report via The Climate Group
On the Brink'''
"We are on perilous ground"
* https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/11/1052171
* https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019
The annual Emissions Gap Report, which compares where greenhouse gas emissions are heading, versus where they need to be, shows that emissions need to fall by 7.6 per cent each year over the next decade, if the world is to get back on track towards the goal of limiting temperature rises to close to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
Only 2 countries are meeting their climate pledges
* https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/only-2-countries-are-meeting-their-climate-pledges-heres-how-the-10-worst-could-improve
Update (2018):
We collectively face the effects of climate change, as it reaches beyond economies, borders, cultures, and languages. In 2017, air pollution was a cause of almost 5 million deaths worldwide while 62 million people in 2018 were affected by natural hazards, with 2 million needing to move elsewhere due to climate events. A transition to a green and low-carbon economy is not a niche nor is it a "nice to have" for the happy few. It is crucial for our own survival. -- "A Call for Action": Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System (NGFS) 
:::Intended Nationally Determined Contributions
:::Climate Change Laws Around the World (2017)
:::Trends in Climate Change Legislation
:::Global Climate Agreement Tracker
:::::http://cait.wri.org/indc/#/map
:::Click on the Map for the Latest Country-by-Country News
 link=https://twitter.com/UNFCCC/status/910376712030052357
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Climate Change Litigation Databases: Global Action
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 
International Climate Agreement, Paris: How it came together & next steps
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Intended_Nationally_Determined_Contributions
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Climate_Change_-_Global_Warming_Keyword-Terms
December 12, 2015: Agreement Reached
Ban Ki-moon, the United Nations secretary general: the talks were the most complicated and difficult negotiations I'd ever been involved in.
“I have been attending many difficult multilateral negotiations, but by any standard, this negotiation is most complicated, most difficult, but most important for humanity.”
○
As Executive Secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (@UNFCCC), Christiana Figueres brought it all together... made it go
○
As president of the climate summit, Laurent Fabius was responsible for translating 195 nations worth of desires, disputes, and compromises into a document... Laurent Fabius, Non-stop Climate Negotiator
○
The announcement of the Paris Agreement
Historic Agreement on Climate Change 
The Paris Agreement 
Conference of the Parties: ADOPTION OF THE PARIS AGREEMENT
Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs)
Submitted plans -- http://www4.unfccc.int/submissions/INDC/Submission%20Pages/submissions.aspx
INDC portal -- http://unfccc.int/focus/indc_portal/items/8766.php
As the Paris Conference draws to a closing vote .....
Report from Rebecca Solnit, Dec 12, 2015
More @ http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Climate_News
Negotiators from governments around the world continue to work to iron out their differences in draft agreement text / Dec 10
Tougher 1.5C warming ambition makes it into 'clean' text. The new text says:
:Hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5C, recognizing that this would significantly reduce risks and impacts of climate change.
Four of the most controversial issues at the Paris climate talks
Action beyond Paris, Remarks by John Kerry / Dec 9
Circulated draft agreement / Dec 8 
Draft Agreement / Limited Distribution / Dec 5
On Saturday a working draft of the climate change accord was presented to working groups and the French foreign minister, Laurent Fabius, who is serving as the president of the conference...
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Environmental protection
Environmental movement
Rebecca Solnit: The climate conference is tens of thousands of people from civil society, government, and industry gathered in what I’ve come to think of as the End-of-the-World’s Fair, a vast, secured suburban cluster of convention buildings with exhibits, displays, meeting rooms, conferences, and cafes. The meetings are essentially editorial meetings; the editors are the 195 nations’ negotiating teams. The text is a document proposing how we manage the fate of the world. There are line-by-line fights, battles over the terms, which result in terms being placed in brackets and in brackets inside brackets.
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Reports from the Paris Conference
B -- http://www.bbc.com/news/live/science-environment-34922775
B -- http://www.businessgreen.com/bg/news/2436912/paris-climate-summit-day-one-live-blog
C -- http://www.carbonbrief.org/interactive-the-negotiating-alliances-at-the-paris-climate-conference --- http://www.carbonbrief.org/paris-2015-tracking-country-climate-pledges
C -- http://carbon-pulse.com/12636/
C -- https://twitter.com/ciel_tweets (Legal perspectives)
C -- http://www.climatechangenews.com/2015/11/30/cop21-live-world-leaders-pledge-climate-action/
C -- https://twitter.com/cop21 (Official)
F -- http://blogs.ft.com/the-world/liveblogs/2015-11-30/
G -- http://www.theguardian.com/environment/blog/live/2015/nov/30/paris-climate-summit-world-leaders-meet-for-opening-day-live
G -- https://twitter.com/grist
L -- http://www.latimes.com/world/europe/la-pol-ca-climate-change-talks-updates-day-3-htmlstory.html
N -- http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=11556208 (Associated Press, eg, over-the-wires MSM)
N -- http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/cp/climate/2015-paris-climate-talks/type/daily-highlights
:http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/cp/climate/2015-paris-climate-talks/leonardo-dicaprio-michael-bloomberg-climate-mayors 
:(NYT Q & A / Change Visualized / From the Archives / Diplomacy / Expert Takes / Overheard in Paris / Summit Scenes)
O -- http://priceofoil.org/2015/12/03/new-cop21-analysis-start-funding-climate-action-stop-funding-climate-chaos/
P -- http://www.politico.eu/article/cop21-paris-climate-summit-liveblog/
R -- http://live.reuters.com/Event/Conference_of_Parties_-_COP21
R -- https://www.reddit.com/r/COP21/ --- https://www.reddit.com/r/environment/
:2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference / Links and discussion regarding COP21 in Paris in December 2015
S -- http://harpers.org/archive/2015/12/power-in-paris/ (Solnit via Harpers)
T -- http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/earth/paris-climate-change-conference/12024206/Paris-climate-change-conference-LIVE-world-leaders-meet-for-UN-talks.html
U -- http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/blog/2015/11/cop21-liveblog/
W -- http://www.wri.org/events/2015/11/cop21-live-blog-heads-state-speeches
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Power
How far can solar energy go?
 
David Attenborough: 
If we could catch one five-thousandth part of the energy that the Sun sprays onto the Moon, onto this globe every day, we would supply all the energy requirements of humanity. So how inefficient are we that we can't get that much?"
Attenborough is one of the public faces at the global climate summit of an initiative dubbed the Global Apollo Programme, which seeks to make renewable energy cheaper than coal within 10 years.
The goal would be achieved by convincing governments to invest US$15 billion (€14.2 billion) a year in research and development - a patch, the programme says, on the US$100 billion spent annually on defense-related R&D.
The resulting knowledge and technology should be made freely available to all. The incentive? "Only saving the world," said Attenborough. 
Making renewables cheaper than energy from coal, oil and gas was the only answer, added Attenborough. "Then the nations of the world, developed or undeveloped, would choose to use that rather than carbon-derived fuel so that the coal and oil which has caused so much trouble now will stay in the ground where it's out of trouble."
Apollo Program Report
The Big Picture -- Environmental Security
"Mission Innovation/Breakthrough Energy Coalition"
http://mission-innovation.net/
http://mission-innovation.net/statement/
http://www.breakthroughenergycoalition.com/en/index.html
Via the Washington Post -- Bill Gates on climate change: 'We need to move faster than the energy sector ever has.' 
:"GatesNotes: On Energy and Climate Change"
The first goal of the Mission Innovation green initiative is to double the R&D (research and development) budget allocated for the renewable energy sector over the next five years.
The second goal represents a coalition of 28 leading private investors from all over the world (including here both Democrats and Republicans from the U.S.), that are committed to invest unprecedented resources needed to bring the clean technologies to the market.
* https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2015/11/29/announcing-mission-innovation
More on Energy Innvovation / Renewables - Energy - Batteries and Grid-Scale Storage
http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Energy_Storage_-_Batteries_and_Grid 
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
==GreenPolicy - Background Briefings for the Paris Climate Summit==
* http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Climate_News
* http://strategicdemands.com/thin-blue-as-the-paris-climate-summit-convenes/
* https://plus.google.com/collection/8cybJB
* http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Look_at_how_thin_our_atmosphere_is
* http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:ThinBlueLayer
A Brief History of Carbon Emissions So Far
:The more we talk about climate change the worse CO2 gets
 link=https://youtu.be/VJXlltarSSw 
○
♦ NASA/JPL News: As Earth Warms, NASA Targets 'Other Half' of Carbon, Climate Equation
♦ Climate Conference - December in Paris 2015 
♦ UN Framework Convention on Climate Change / UNFCCC 
♦ Climate Change... Pulse of the Planet 
♦ No Plan B, No Planet B 
♦ https://www.pinterest.com/stratdem/environmental-security
♦ http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Environmental_Security
♦ http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Earth_Observations
♦ http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/OCO-2
♦ http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Earth_Science_Research_from_Space
♦ http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Environmental_full-cost_accounting
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
GreenPolicy360 Siterunner: (Connecting the 'dots')
December 1968 "Earthrise" led to April 1970 "Earth Day" which led the first National Climate Act in 1978 which led to the first "Earth Summit" in 1992 which began international climate conferences that brought the nations of the world the 2015 Climate Change agreement in Paris with ~200 "Intended National Climate Contributions" (National Climate Plans)
Looking back: the First Earth Summit and Climate Conference
: June 1992, Rio de Janeiro
Earth Summit (First Global Climate Conference)
 
 
:
  
🌎‎ 
'Earthrise' (December 1968) and 'Earth Day' (April 1970)
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:Apollo.jpg
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Earth_Day
🌎‎
Beginnings of the Modern Environmental Movement 
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/mw/images/1969_beginnings_of_the_modern_environmental_movement.pdf
SJS / GreenPolicy360 Siterunner: It was a mind-changing year. Beginning with the historic 1968 "Earthrise" photo taken as Apollo 8 astronauts circled the moon in preparation for 1969's Apollo 11 and humankind's first step on the Moon...
* https://greenpolicy360.net/w/Apollo_8
Apollo 11, July 1969
 
🌎
Peace "Teach-ins" Inspire a First "Earth Day"Teach-In
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Earth_Day
On the 50th Anniversary
Memories on the Road to the First Earth Day 
By Steve Schmidt 
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Earth_Day_Memories_on_the_50th_Anniversary
🌎
Green Politics 360
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Green_Politics
Planet Earth Perspective
:GreenPolicy360 pages for Planet Citizens to explore
:* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Planet_Earth_Perspective
 "Thin Blue"
:Our PlanetCitizen mission -- Greening Our Blue Planet
:To protect & preserve Earth's thin layer of life-enabling atmosphere
 
NASA - Astronaut Reid Wiseman 
* https://www.thephoblographer.com/2014/09/10/nasa-astronaut-reid-wiseman-best-space-photographer-time/
* https://greenpolicy360.net/images/Reid_Wiseman_thinbluelayer_m.jpg
* https://pbs.twimg.com/media/BuDZa8ZCEAAJzmd.jpg:large
Category:Atmospheric Science
Category:Bioneers
Category:Biosphere
Category:Citizen Science
Category:Climate Change
Category:Climate Policy
Category:Democratization of Space
Category:Divestment from Fossil Fuels
Category:Ecology Studies
Category:Eco-nomics
Category:Education
Category:EOS eco Operating System
Category:Earth360
Category:EarthPOV
Category:Earth Observations
Category:Earth Science
Category:Environmental Laws
Category:Environmental Protection
Category:Environmental Security
Category:Environmental Security, National Security
Category:Global Security
Category:Global Warming
Category:Green Energy Initiatives
Category:INDC
Category:NASA
Category:Natural Resources
Category:Networking
Category:New Definitions of National Security
Category:New Space
Category:Ocean Science
Category:Planet Citizen
Category:Planet Scientist
Category:Planet Citizens, Planet Scientists
Category:Renewable Energy
Category:Resilience
Category:Sea-Level Rise & Mitigation
Category:Solar Energy
Category:Strategic Demands
Category:ThinBlueLayer
Category:Threat Multiplier
Category:United Nations
Category:Whole Earth