nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Des Browne

Des Browne (Lord Browne of Ladyton) is a former Labour Chief Secretary to the Treasury (May 2005 - May 2006), Secretary of State for Defence (May 2006 - Oct 2008), and Scottish Secretary (Jun 2007 - Oct 2008).Des Browne: Electoral history and profile, guardian.co.uk, accessed 28 May 2010.
Browne was awarded a peerage in the dissolution honours list on 28 May 2010.Peerages, honours and appointments, number10.gov.uk, 28 May 2010.
==Affiliations==
*Adviser to the Royal Bank of Scotland Geoffrey Levy, Tony's cronies and snouts in the trough: How one-time Labour bigwigs are raking it in thanks to the private sector, 10th June 2011, accessed 14 June 2011
*Member of International Advisory Board, Parker Green International, June 2010. ACOBA saw "no reason why he should not take up the appointment forthwith". Twelfth Report 2010-2011 Advisory Committee on Business Appointments, accessed 3 December 2014 
*Adviser, Institute for Government, September 2010.ACOBA saw "no reason why he should not take up the appointment forthwith". 
==Notes==
Browne, DesBrowne, Des Category:Revolving DoorBrowne, DesBrowne, Des Browne, Des
Des D'Souza

Des D'Souza was head of PR for Aventis CropScience (now owned by Bayer) - the company whose crops were most frequently used in the UK's GM farmscale trials and which as a result was often at the centre of public interest. However, getting information out of their Communications Manager, Des D'Souza could be a difficult task. 
Karly Graham who lived near to one such GM trial at Lyng in Norfolk kept a diary of all her frustrated attempts to get the information she had been promised by D'Souza about her local trial. After D'Souza claimed on Radio 4 that only a relatively small number of people had attended a public meeting about the trial that had been packed out, Ms Graham confronted D'Souza on Radio 4's Today programme (see Diary). 
The Reverend Paul Cawthorne also ran into problems getting information when he made enquiries about a GM forage maize trial in his area of Shropshire. Aventis denied that such a site existed. It was only after months of further investigation that Paul Cawthorne finally established that he was not being told the truth and there was an Aventis GM crop site in the area. When Rev Cawthorne enquired about another crop trial, Des D'Souza of Aventis personally assured him in a letter that there were no undisclosed trials involving the company's maize seed taking place anywhere in the county. This was a very deceptive answer as, strictly speaking, the seed in the Aventis crop trial counted as the property of Advanta. (for more on the secret trials) 
In late July 1999 John Ingham of the Daily Express contacted Aventis's Des D'Souza to ask about a leaked memo showing that Aventis was seeking a massive increase in the number and size of the GM farmscale trials. D'Souza told Ingham he had no comment to make on the contents of the memo. Shortly afterwards, however, the Government's ' GM Communicaions Unit' in the Cabinet Office at No. 10 phoned Ingham to offer to deal with the points he'd raised with D'Souza. The Express ran a front page story (OUTRAGE OVER GM SPIN TEAM , Daily Express, Friday July 23, 1999) on what had happened and in an editorial questioned the propriety of a Government, which is supposed to be regulating the biotech industry in the interests of the public, fielding questions on behalf of a biotech corporation at taxpayers' expense. 
For more on Aventis/Bayer PR see Paul Rylott and the Aventis Pants on Fire award.
==Notes==
D'Souza, DesD'Souza, Des
DesignWrite

DesignWrite is a medical communications company providing 'science-based educational programs', 'communication of trends in diagnosis and therapy' and 'creative prelaunch and market expansion programs'.DesignWrite. DesignWrite. Accessed 4 March 2010.
==Ghostwriting for Wyeth==
Internal corporate documents show how Wyeth and DesignWrite worked together to create articles promoting hormone therapy therapy (HRT) from 1997. One article appeared in the The American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology published by Elsevier as an “Editors’ Choice” feature in 2003 claiming there is '"no definitive evidence" that progestins cause breast cancer and added that hormone users had a better chance of surviving cancer.' Wilson, D. 12 December 2008. The New York Times. Drug Maker Said to Pay Ghostwriters for Journal Articles Accessed 6 March 2010. The drug company's HRT drug, Prempro, is a combination of estrogen and progestin.Wilson, D. 12 December 2008. The New York Times. Drug Maker Said to Pay Ghostwriters for Journal Articles Accessed 6 March 2010. The publication supporting Prempro was "authored" by Dr. John Eden, but documents show how Wyeth suggested Dr. Eden write the paper and wrote the outline and draft of the manuscript for him.Wilson, D. 12 December 2008. The New York Times. Drug Maker Said to Pay Ghostwriters for Journal Articles Accessed 6 March 2010.
==Contact==
:Address:
:175 Wall Street
:Princeton, NJ 08540 USA
:Tel - 609.924.1116 
:Fax - 609.924.6648
:Website: http://www.dwrite.com/
==Resources==
*See Ghostwriting and Excerpta Medica
==Notes==
Category:Public relations firms
Category: Pharma
Category:Biotech Industry
Category:Pharmaceutical Industry
Desmond Bowen

Desmond Bowen was the Director General Operational Policy in the Ministry of Defence (MOD) in 2001-2002 and subsequently deputy head of Overseas and Defence Secretariat in the Cabinet Office.Transcript of Desmond Bowen hearing, Iraq Inquiry, 7 December 2009. He was Policy Director of the MOD from 2004 to 2008.New witnesses named, Iraq Inquiry, 30 November 2009.
==Revolving Door==
In July 2009 he notified ACOBA he was planning on becoming an independent consultant, advising a range of public and private sector clients on defence strategy, evolving threats and related security policy matters, the role was approved "subject to the condition that, for 12 months from his last day of service, he should not become personally involved in lobbying UK Ministers or Crown servants, including Special Advisers, on behalf of any of his clients." Eleventh Report 2009-2010 Advisory Committee on Business Appointments, accessed 27 November 2014 
==External Resources==
*Transcript of Desmond Bowen hearing, Iraq Inquiry, 7 December 2009.
*Transcript of Sir Nigel Sheinwald, Sir John Sawers and Desmond Bowen hearing, Iraq Inquiry, 16 December 2009.
==Notes==
Bowen, DesmondBowen, DesmondBowen, Desmond
Desmond Conroy

Desmond Conroy was one of 29 people killed in the 1994 Mull of Kintyre Chinook crash. He was a senior RUC Special Branch officer based at police headquarters in Belfast.
Sally Weale and Owen Boycott, CHINOOK DISASTER: COUNTING THE COST OF THE SENIOR FIGURES IN BATTLE AGAINST TERRORISM, Guardian, 4 June 1994. According to Statewatch, he was the Regional Head of Special Branch for Belfast Region.Statewatch Bulletin, Vol 4, No 4, August 1994.
==Notes==
Conroy, DesmondConroy, DesmondConroy, Desmond
Desmond Swayne

right|thumb|Desmond Swayne 
Desmond Swayne has been the Conservative Party MP for New Forest West since 1997. In the 2015 general election Swayne retained his seat once again, gaining a majority of 20,604. Desmond Swayne Express, accessed 19 May 2015 
He was appointed a government whip in 2012 for the Conservative Party, Rt Hon. Mr Desmond Swayne, www.parliament.uk, accessed 26 August 2013. and was promoted to vice chamberlain of HM Household (senior whip) in October 2013.Ministerial appointments: 7 October 2013, Prime Minister's Office, 7 October 2013.
In July 2014, he was made a minister of state at the Department for International Development.Ministerial appointments: July 2014, Prime Minister's Office, 15 July 2014.
==Background== 
From 1980 to 1981 Swayne was a school teacher in Economics at Charterhouse, then at Wrekin College from 1982 to 1987. From 1988 to 1996, he was manager of risk management systems at the Royal Bank of Scotland. Desmond Swayne GOV.UK, accessed 10 October 2014 
==Education==
Swayne was educated at Drumley House Preparatory School at Mossblown in South Ayrshire and Bedford School. He studied Theology at St Marys College at the University of St Andrews. 
==Notes==
Swayne, DesmondSwayne, DesmondSwayne, DesmondSwayne, DesmondSwayne, Desmond
Detica

Detica is a business and technology consultancy, "specialising in helping clients collect, manage and exploit information to reveal actionable intelligence."What we do, Detica, accessed 7 July 2010.
Detica Ltd is wholly owned by BAE Systems (Holdings) limited which is part of BAE Systems plc.Who we are, Detica, accessed 7 July 2010.
==Expenses leak investigation==
The House of Commons paid £15,640 to Detica on 24 March 2010 for its work on an investigation into the leak of MPs expenses data by an un-named mole via former SAS officer John Wick. John Bercow closed down the investigation after succeeding Michael Martin as Speaker of the House, deciding it was not in the public interest.Paul Hutcheon, Public funds used to hunt mole, Herald, 7 July 2010.
==Notes==
Category:Security Industry
Detta O'Cathain

Detta O'Cathain, Baroness O'Cathain, OBE (born 2 February 1938, Laurel Hill, County Limerick) is an Irish-born British businesswoman and politician. She has been a director of many companies, including Midland Bank plc, Tesco plc, British Airways plc, BNP Paribas (UK) and Allders.
She was made a life peer as Baroness O'Cathain, of The Barbican in the City of London in 1991 and sits in the House of Lords on the Conservative benches.
==Views==
O'Cathain is known for her socially conservative views, in particular her efforts to retain the ban on same-sex couples from adopting, and has taken on a leadership role in the movement which stands up against gay rights after the death of Baroness Young. Kite, Melissa, "Lords join forces to wreck Blair's gay adoption Bill". The Times, 17 October 2002. (paywall) 
==Family Education Trust==
The Family Education Trust announced in 2004 it was 'delighted' to welcome Baroness as a sponsor. It gave her background as follows:
:A member of the House of Lords since 1991, Lady O’Cathain has fought fearlessly and tirelessly on behalf of the family and religious liberties.
:In 2002, she led the opposition in the Lords to gay adoption (Adoption and Children Act 2002) and defended ministers and other members of non-Anglican, religious organisations from criminal conviction in debates on the Gender Recognition Bill. (Anglican clergy already had an exemption.) :She supported the granting of broadcasting rights to religious organisations in the Communications Act 2003.
:In 2004, Lady O’Cathain campaigned on behalf of siblings and other close family members to be granted the same legal benefits which were exclusively available to single sex couples in the Civil Partnership Act 2004. New sponsor: Baroness O’Cathain, OBE, Bulletin No. 118 Winter 2004/5: Family Education Trust website, accessed March 2012
==Affiliations==
Christian Institute, patron | 
==Notes==
Category:House of Lords
Category:Conservative Party
Deutsche Vereinigung für Ost-West Beziehungen

The Deutsche Vereinigung für Ost-West Beziehungen, was a German organisation based in Pullach, close to BND headquarters. According to Brian Crozier, it took part in Franco-German colloques organised by Antoine Bonnemaison of the SDECE in the late 1950s.Brian Crozier, Free Agent: The Unseen War 1941-1991, Harper Collins, p.32.
==Notes==
Category:Germany
Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund

The Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (DGB) is the national umbrella organisation of the German trade union movement. It is a member of the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) and the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC).Work and Structure, DGB, accessed 2 October 2013.
==Member Unions==
*IG Bauen-Agrar-Umwelt
*IG Bergbau, Chemie, Energie
*Gewerkschaft Erziehung und Wissenschaft
*IG Metall
*Gewerkschaft Nahrung-Genuss-Gaststätten
*Gewerkschaft der Polizei
*EVG Eisenbahn- und Verkehrsgewerkschaft
*Vereinte DienstleistungsgewerkschaftMember Unions, DGB, accessed 2 October 2013.
==People==
===Chairs===
*Hans Boeckler 1949-1951
*Christian Fette 1951-52
*Walter Freitag 1952-56
*Willi Richter 1956-62
*Ludwig Rosenberg 1962-69
*Heinz Oskar Vetter 1969-82
*Ernst Breit 1982-90
*Heinz Werner Meyer 1990-94
*Dieter Schulte 1994-2002Frühere Vorsitzende des DGB, DGB, accessed 4 October 2013.
*Michael Sommer 2002-Michael Sommer, DGB, accessed 4 October 2013.
==Notes==
Category:GermanyCategory:Trade and Labour Unions
Development

Return to Globalisation:International Policy Network
IPN believe that promoting development is about more than throwing good money after bad. 
“In Development” (The Times, 13 January) demonstrates well that compassion towards the world’s poor cannot effectively be fulfilled through the vehicle of government-to-government foreign aid. Public opinion towards aid and development is shifting both among donors and recipients. For fifty years, proponents of ‘aid’ have argued that poor countries are poor because they lack the funds to invest in the infrastructure that would enable economic activity to take place, which in turn means that they are unable to attract investment. As a result, aid has failed to ‘fill the gap’. Instead, it has, over the past fifty years, largely been counterproductive: it has crowded out private sector investments, undermined democracy, and enabled despots to continue with oppressive policies, perpetuating poverty. ' Kendra Okonski, “New Approach Aid Development” 13th February 2010, accessed 08 November 2010
IPN found that for fifty years, proponents of ‘aid’ have argued that poor countries are poor because they lack the funds to invest in the infrastructure that would enable economic activity to take place, which in turn means that they are unable to attract investment.
At the UN's World Conference on Disaster Reduction the Sustainable Development Network stated that they believe that governments and international agencies must stop focussing on ways to stick plasters over gaping wounds and must commit instead to eliminating the underlying causes of vulnerability to disasters and other causes of premature deaths only through the institutions of a free society can poor people move from the vicious circle of
poverty and oppression, to a virtuous circle of empowerment and development.' UN, "UN CONF" 17th January 2005, acessed 10 November 2010
Overall, Fredrik Erixon from IPN in a publication titled Aid and development: Will it work this time, has found that aid has not promoted economic growth, nor has it led to improved policies in developing countries. Rather, there is much evidence supporting the view that aid largely has backed political regimes with little interest in growth and development. They believe there is a great danger that such aid will assist mostly in the corruption of governments that are already doing much harm to their citizens, promoting bad policies and undermining democracy and the rule of law. They see that it would be much more sensible to scale back the levels of aid considerably; provide aid only to governments that are already reforming and which agree to continued reforms; and make clear that aid will be available only for a strictly limited period.
' IPN, "", acessed 10 November 2010
==Notes==
Development, Concepts and Doctrine Centre

The MoD state: 'The Development, Concepts and Doctrine Centre (DCDC) is a Ministry of Defence think-tank, co-located with the Defence Academy at Shrivenham. The DCDC provides the intellectual bases that inform coherent decisions in Defence policy, capability development and operations, both now and into the future.'MoD DCDC, accessed 1 April 2010 The current name was adopted in April 2006.
:The Centre was established as a result of the 1998 Strategic Defence Review ... Originally called the Joint Doctrine and Concepts Centre (JDCC), the name was changed to DCDC in April 2006 when the Centre expanded to become the Defence authority for doctrinal, conceptual and futures work, taking on extra environmental staff to reflect the needs of the individual Services. It is headed by a two-star Serviceman and is a truly Joint establishment, with staff drawn from all three Armed Services and the Civil Service. Development Concepts And Doctrine Centre - What we do, accessed 2 May 2008 
==Key Publications==
These documents are official statements of MOD Doctrine which relate in part or in whole to information or media operations.
*Campaign Execution - Joint Doctrine Publication 3-00 - Outlines the place in military campaign strategy of "Influence Operations" - involving media operations and information operations
*Media Operations - Joint Doctrine Publication 3-45.1 - Provides guidance to staff involved in media operations in UK military operations
*Security and Stabilisation: The Military Contribution - Joint Doctrine Publication 3-40 - The MODs statement of counterinsurgency (COIN) doctrine, contains a chapter on "Influence Operations" based on the concept of Strategic communication
*Information Operations - Joint Warfare Publication 3-80 - A 2002 statement of Information Operations doctrine published by the Joint Doctrine and Concepts Centre (the previous incarnation of the DCDC)
==Related==
*COIN
===Supporting teams===
*Development and Experimentation | Joint Lessons Cell
==People==
Chris Butler (also a member of the Insurgency Research Group) | Director Air & Space, Air Cdre Paul Colley | Richard Iron | Major General Tony Milton, the first Director General Joint Doctrine and Concepts CentreRichard Cobbold My job: Director General Joint Doctrine and Concepts RUSI Journal April 1, 2000 | Rear Admiral Chris Parry CBE, Director General of DCDC |
==Resources, Contact, Notes==
===Resources===
*The Brit Ministry of Defense looks at world’s future - it’s grim. Fabius Maximus Blog28 November 2008.
*Predicting the future: new dawn for the Defence Development, Concepts and Doctrine Centre Wednesday 24 January 2007 13:31 Ministry Of Defence (National), News Distribtion Service News Release.
===Contact===
:Address:Shrivenham, SWINDON SN6 8RF
:Tel: +44 (0)1793 314347
:Fax: +44 (0)1793 314211
:Email: DCDC-CoordSO1@mod.uk
:Web site: http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/MicroSite/DCDC/
==Notes==
Category:Counterinsurgency
Devin Finn

Devin Finn is a student at Georgetown University.Georgetown University Devin M Finn Between 2006 and 2008 she was listed as the 'Coordinator, Special Projects' of the Young Professionals in Foreign Policy.YPFP About YPFP - Young Professionals in Foreign Policy, retrieved from the Internet archive of 23 November 2006, accessed 16 December 2009; YPFP About YPFP - Young Professionals in Foreign Policy, retrieved from the Internet archive of 28 June 2008, accessed 16 December 2009 The YPFP biographical note stated:
::Devin is a consultant for the International Budget Project, a budget research and advocacy NGO and the international arm of the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. As a freelance reporter, Devin is currently writing on immigration, politics and Latin America. For two years prior to her work at IBP, she served as the Reporter for and Assistant Editor of the Latin America Advisor newsletters, a series of daily and weekly publications of the Inter-American Dialogue, a Washington think tank focused on hemispheric affairs and policy. A 2004 graduate of Duke University, during college Devin traveled in Mexico and Central America doing development work, studied in Spain, and taught English as a second language. Last year Duke University published her senior political science thesis on state security responses to insurgency in Peru and Colombia as a working paper. She is looking forward to graduate school in Fall 2007 in migration policy or peace and conflict studies. YPFP About YPFP - Young Professionals in Foreign Policy, retrieved from the Internet archive of 23 November 2006, accessed 16 December 2009
==Affiliations==
*Young Professionals in Foreign Policy
==Publications==
*Finn, Devin. “Following the Shining Path of Peru to the Road Not Taken in Colombia” (October 2004), available from <http://www.duke.edu/web/las/Council/wpapers/workingpaperFinn.pdf>
==Notes==
Devin Scobie

Devin Scobie is a lobbyist who worked for GPC International in Edinburgh. From mid 2004 to at least the end of 2005, Scobie worked 'Director of Scotland' for the Eaga Partnership. In January 2007 it was announced that he had been appointed as the interim executive director of the Scottish Parliament Business Exchange. At that point he was described as Devin Scobie of Caledonia Consulting. 'Devin Intervention' Business Diary, Sunday Herald, 28 January 2007, p17. not available online. 
Scobie and his Caledonia Consulting colleague both sit on the Cross-Party Group in the Scottish Parliament on Scotch Whisky Scottish Parliament, Cross-Party Groups in the Scottish Parliament- Registration Form, no date given, accessed 5th October 2011 
==Career==
Scobie gave the following account of his career in a presentation in 2003:Devin Scobie, Presentation to the Scottish Further Education Unit The Scottish FE Conference, 12 December 2003. 
* Joined GPC in July 1999
* Former journalist and PR consultant (ten years)
* Former Edinburgh City Councillor and Parliamentary candidate
* Agent for Mike Pringle MSP (Lib Dem gain on 1 May)
* Clients include: Premier Prisons, Arriva Trains, Pfizer, Tesco, Alcan, Vodafone, 3
His other activities include standing as a Liberal Democrat candidate in Edinburgh East in the 1992 UK General Election gaining 3,432 votes (10.17%).Edinburgh East Liberal Democrats, ELECTIONS: General Election 1992, Edinburgh East accessed January 2007.
==Evil Lobbyist?==
In a Power Point presentation in December 2003, Scobie describes an alleged alternative view of him as :
:An evil lobbyist who… 
::* Lunches for Scotland
::* Tries to persuade, cajole and otherwise influence
::* Stays in the shadows
::* Lives in the Scottish Parliament
::* Preys on unsuspecting MSPs
::* Pretends we don’t exist
::* And makes lots of money from poor, down-trodden clients...Devin Scobie, Presentation to the Scottish Further Education Unit The Scottish FE Conference, 12 December 2003. 
===Further reading===
*Criticism over relaunched Holyrood business scheme By Paul Hutcheon
*Disgraced peer lands job with lobbying firm CONSULTANCY: NEW POST Sunday Herald, The, Aug 5, 2007 by Paul Hutcheon Scottish Political Editor
===References===
Scobie, Devin
Scobie, Devin
Scobie, Devlin
Scobie, Devin
Scobie, Devlin
Scobie, Devin
Devorah Chen

Devorah Chen is the Former Director, Department of Security Matters and Special Affairs, at the State Attorney's Office in the Israeli Ministry of Justice.Meeting of the International Taskforce on Terrorism, Democracy, and the Law, Israel Democracy Institute], 14 December 2011.
Chen represented the prosecution during the trial of Marwan Barghouti in 2002-03.Simon Foreman, The trial of Mr. Marwan Barghouti, Inter-Parliamentary Union, accessed 15 November 2013.
==Notes==
Chen, Devorah