Regimental Losses in the American Civil War, 1861-1865

Regimental Losses in the American Civil War 
* A treatise on the extent and nature of the mortuary losses in the Union regiments, with full and exhaustive statistics compiled from the official records on file in the state military bureaus and at Washington
* William Freeman Fox
* By William F. Fox, Lt. Col., U.S. V.
* President Of The Society Of The Twelfth Army Corps; Late President Of The 10th N.Y. Veteran Volunteers' Association; And Member Of The New York Historical Society.
* Albany, N.Y., Albany Publishing Company, 1889
* COPYRIGHT BY WILLIAM F. FOX 1889
* RANDOW PRINTING COMPANY, ALBANY, N.Y.
== Introduction ==
There has been a dearth of official information regarding a certain class of regimental statistics which are essential to the history of the war, and are of interest, not only to the surviving participants, but to all who are interested in the story. Regimental affairs are of more importance to the average soldier than Corps or Army matters; and, so, an effort has been made to supply within these pages certain facts regarding regimental losses which are outside the province of the Government publications. 
It is with pleasure that acknowledgment is made of courtesies extended by the Adjutant-Generals of the various State Military Bureaus, and the Adjutant-General's office at Washington. Without their kindly assistance the work could not have been completed. 
No statistics are given here that are not warranted by the official records. The work represents the patient and conscientious labor of years. Days, and often weeks, have been spent on the figures of each regiment. It is hoped that before disputing any essential fact, a like careful examination of the records will be made. Having done that, if any fail to reconcile facts and statements, they will confer a favor by addressing a communication on the matter, so that an opportunity may be afforded to explain the seeming discrepancy, or, if an error, to correct it in a subsequent edition.
THE AUTHOR. 
ALBANY, N.Y., May 1, 1888. 
* Introduction and Title Pages
== Chapter 1 ==
THE CASUALTIES OF WAR — MAXIMUM OF KILLED IN UNION REGIMENTS — MAXIMUM OF PERCENTAGES
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* The source pages of this chapter can be found HERE
WARS and battles are considered great in proportion to the loss of life resulting from them. Bloodless battles excite no interest. A campaign of manoeuvres is accorded but a small place in history. There have been battles as decisive as Waterloo and Gettysburg, but they cost few lives and never became historic. Great as were the results, Waterloo and Gettysburg would receive but little mention were it not for the terrible cost at which the results were obtained.
Still, it is difficult to comprehend fully what is implied by the figures which represent the loss of life in a great battle or a war. As the numbers become great, they convey no different idea, whether they be doubled or trebled. It is only when the losses are considered in detail— by regiments, for instance— that they can be definitely understood. The regiment is the unit of organization. It is to the army what a family is to the city. It has a well known limit of size, and its losses are intelligible; just as a loss in a family can be understood, while the greater figures of the city's mortuary statistics leave no impression on the mind.
The history of a battle or a war should always be studied in connection with the figures which show the losses. By overlooking them an indefinite, and often erroneous, idea is obtained. By neglecting them, many historians fail to develop the important points of the contest. They use the same rhetorical description for different attacks, whether the pressure was strong or weak; the loss, great or small; the fight, bloody or harmless.
To properly understand the relative importance of the various movements on a battle field, the student must know the loss of life at the different points of the line. He will then see where the points of contact really were; where the pressure was greatest; where the scenes of valor and heroism occurred. There is no better way of doing this than by noting the place in the line held by the various regiments and ascertaining the loss of life in each.
There were over two thousand regiments in the Union Armies. On some of these the brunt of battle fell much heavier than on others. While some were exempted from the dangers of active service, others were continually at the front. While some were seldom called upon to face the enemy's fire, others were repeatedly ordered into the thickest of the fight. While in some regiments the number of killed was small, in others the Roll of Honor was unequaled in the records of modern wars. Who were these men who fought so well in defense of their flag? What were the names and numbers of their regiments? What were the losses in these regiments? What limit is there to the tell of blood exacted from a regimental thousand during a long and bloody war?
The one regiment, in all the Union Armies, which sustained the greatest loss in battle, during the American Civil War, was the Fifth New Hampshire Infantry.This statement does not include the Heavy Artillery, which, owing to their larger form of organization, will be considered separately from the ordinary regiments of the line. It lost 295 men, killed or mortally wounded in action, during its four years of service, from 1861 to 1865. It served in the First Division, Second Corps. This division was commanded, successively, by Generals Richardson, Hancock, Caldwell, Barlow, and Miles; and any regiment that followed the fortunes of these men was sure to find plenty of bloody work cut out for it. The losses of the Fifth New Hampshire occurred entirely in aggressive, hard, stand-up fighting; none of it happened in routs or through blunders. Its loss includes eighteen officers killed, a number far in excess of the usual proportion, and indicates that the men were bravely led. Its percentage of killed is also very large, especially as based on the original enrollment. The exact percentage of the total enrollment cannot be definitely ascertained, as the rolls were loaded down in 1864 with the names of a large number of conscripts and bounty men who never joined the regiment.
The second highest in the list of infantry regiments having the greatest number killed in battle, is the Eighty-third Pennsylvania, which lost 282 officers and men who died while fighting for the Union. This was a Fifth Corps regiment, serving in Morell's— afterwards Griffin's— First Division. Two of its Colonels were killed, and a third was badly wounded and crippled for life. It was a splendid regiment, well officered and well drilled. It suffered a severe loss in killed, by percentage, as well as in numbers.
The next regiment on the list is the Seventh Wisconsin Infantry, of the famous Iron Brigade, Wadsworth's (First) Division, First Corps. This gallant regiment stands high in the list, because of its many battles and the persistency with which it would hold its ground in the face of the deadliest musketry. By glancing at the table of percentages, it will be seen that the Seventh occupies an honorable place in that list also.
Next, among the regiments sustaining the greatest loss in action, stands the Fifth Michigan, of the Third Corps, in which 263 were killed; and next, comes the Twentieth Massachusetts, of the Second Corps, with a credit of 260 killed in battle.
The following table will show clearly the relative position of the leading infantry regiments in point of numerical loss. It embraces every infantry regiment in the Union Armies which lost over 200 men, killed or mortally wounded in action, during the war. In all, there are forty-five:
KILLED OR DIED OF WOUNDS - UNION INFANTRY REGIMENTS
Regiment 	Division 	Corps 	Officers	Men	Total
5th New Hampshire Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	18 	277	295
83rd Pennsylvania Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	11 	271	282
7th Wisconsin Infantry 	Wadsworth's 	First 	10 	271	281
5th Michigan Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	16 	247	263
20th Massachusetts Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	17 	243	260
69th New York Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	13 	246	259
28th Massachusetts Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	15 	235	250
16th Michigan Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	12 	235	247
105th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	14 	231	245
6th Wisconsin Infantry 	Wadsworth's 	First 	15 	229	244
15th Massachusetts Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	14 	227	241
15th New Jersey Infantry 	Wright's 	Sixth 	8 	230	240
2nd Wisconsin Infantry 	Wadsworth's 	First 	10 	228	238
40th New York Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	9 	229	238
61st Pennsylvania Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	19 	218	237
(II) 11th Pennsylvania Infantry	Robinson's 	First 	12 	224	236
48th New York Infantry 	Terry's 	Tenth 	18 	218	236
45th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Potter's 	Ninth 	13 	214	227
121st New York Infantry 	Wright's 	Sixth 	13 	213	226
27th Michigan Infantry 	Willcox's 	Ninth 	10 	215	225
2nd Michigan Infantry 	Willcox's 	Ninth 	11 	214	225
100th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Stevenson's 	Ninth 	16 	208	224
8th Michigan Infantry 	Willcox's 	Ninth 	11 	212	223
2nd Vermont Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	6 	215	221
111th New York Infantry 	Hays's(Alex.) 	Second 	8 	212	220
18th United States Infantry 	Johnson's 	Fourteenth	9 	209	218
(II) 9th Illinois Infantry 	Dodge's 	Sixteenth 	5 	211	216
22nd Massachusetts Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	9 	207	216
5th Vermont Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	11 	202	213
148th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	12 	198	210
9th Massachusetts Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	15 	194	209
81st Pennsylvania Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	18 	190	208
7th Michigan Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	11 	197	208
55th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Ames's 	Tenth 	7 	201	208
17th Maine Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	12 	195	207
3rd Vermont Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	5 	201	206
145th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	18 	187	205
14th Connecticut Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	17 	188	205
36th Illinois Infantry 	Sheridan's 	Fourth 	11 	193	204
6th Vermont Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	12 	191	203
49th Ohio Infantry 	Wood's (Thos. J.)	Fourth 	14 	188	202
51st New York Infantry 	Potter's 	Ninth 	9 	193	202
20th Indiana Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	14 	187	201
57th Massachusetts Infantry 	Stevenson's 	Ninth 	10 	191	201
53rd Pennsylvania Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	5 	195	200
It may be of interest to state here that on the records of the War Department some of these regiments are not credited with quite so many men killed; and, that if a tabulation were to be made from the official figures at Washington, the relative positions of some of these regiments would have to be slightly changed. In the first five regiments the Seventh Wisconsin would head the list, and the Fifth New Hampshire would stand third instead of first; while the Eighty-third Pennsylvania, the Fifth Michigan and the Twentieth Massachusetts would still hold, respectively, the second, fourth and fifth places, as before. The records of the War Department show as follows:
War Department Rolls 	War Department Rolls	War Department Rolls
7th Wisconsin Infantry 	280 	killed or died of wounds.
83rd Pennsylvania Infantry 	278 	killed or died of wounds.
5th New Hampshire Infantry 	277 	killed or died of wounds.
5th Michigan Infantry 	262 	killed or died of wounds.
20th Massachusetts Infantry	257 	killed or died of wounds.
This difference arises from the fact that in each regiment there were men borne on the muster-out rolls as "missing in action," whose fate had not been determined at the close of the war, at which time these rolls were made out. But, since then, many of the States have made strenuous efforts to ascertain the fate of these men. New Hampshire, for instance, published a supplement to its printed muster-out rolls, in which it accounts definitely for most of its missing, the State Adjutant-General having obtained, from various sources, satisfactory evidence that these men were killed. But the War Department declines — and very properly — to account for missing men as killed until they receive official information to that effect. The official channels, through which such information must come, are the original records of the muster-out rolls; the final statements, as they are technically termed; and the affidavits which may accompany a pension claim.
Now, the State of New Hampshire, and other States as well, have ascertained definitely that many of their missing men were killed, and have revised their records accordingly;New Hampshire: Adjutant-General's Report, 1866: Vol 1. but, if these missing men have no heirs to prosecute their claims at the Pension Office, the records at Washington will remain unchanged, and the men will still be recorded there, not among the killed, but as missing. The mortuary statistics in these pages are compiled largely from State records; hence, the figures in many cases will exceed those of the War Office. The variation, however, is not important enough to warrant this digression were it not for the honest endeavor to arrive at exactness, and to forestall any possible misunderstanding or controversy.
In treating here of the matter of losses in battle, or otherwise, each regiment will be considered by itself. Hence, it is important that the student before going further should understand thoroughly the size and formation of a regiment, in order to comprehend the extent and nature of the loss. Otherwise, the figures would have little or no meaning.
The infantry regiments, which formed the bulk of the army, had a maximum of organization beyond which recruiting was not allowed. There was, also, a minimum of strength which must be obtained before a regiment could be accepted. An infantry command consisted of ten companies of foot, and the Field and Staff: the latter were mounted, and consisted of the Colonel and such officers as were not attached to the company formations. The maximum formation was as follows; 
Maximum Regiment/Company Formations	Maximum Regiment/Company Formations
Field and Staff 	Company Formation
1 Colonel 	1 Captain
1 Lieutenant Colonel 	1 First Lieutenant
1 Major 	1 Second Lieutenant
1 Adjutant 	1 First Sergeant
1 Quartermaster 	4 Sergeants
1 Surgeon (Rank of Major) 	8 Corporals
2 Asst. Surgeons 	2 Musicians
1 Chaplain 	1 Wagoner
1 Sergeant-Major 	82 Privates
1 Quartermaster's Sergeant 	.................
1 Commissary-Sergeant 	.................
1 Hospital Steward 	.................
2 Principal Musicians 	.................
15 	101
Ten companies, 101 each 	1010
Field and Staff 	15
Total 	1025
In the minimum organization the formation, and number of officers, was the same; but the number of privates was placed at 64, making the total of the minimum, 845. The newly recruited regiments, accordingly, ranged in numbers from 845 to 1025. The most of them left their rendezvous with full ranks, especially those which were raised under the second call for troops, in 186~. As their numbers became reduced by disease and wounds, fresh recruits were added, so that the total enrollment of a regiment was often increased several hundred before its term of service expired. Nominally, an infantry regiment consisted of one thousand men, less the depletion incidental to its service, the actual number of effectives being far below the nominal one.
In addition to the infantry, there were 32 regiments of heavy artillery in the volunteer service. It would be unnecessary to mention these were it not that the heaviest loss in battle, of any regimental organization, occurred in two of these regiments, each of which lost more men killed than the Fifth New Hampshire. But, owing to their larger organization and different formation. they must be considered secondly, and in a class by themselves. A regiment of heavy artillery contained 1800 men, divided into 12 companies of 150; attached to each company were five line officers — a captain and four lieutenants. The regiment was divided into three battalions of four companies, with each battalion under the command of a Major. There was but one Colonel and one Lt. Colonel, as in infantry. These troops performed garrison duty, serving mostly within the fortifications around Washington, or in the coast defences where heavy ordnance was used. In the spring of 1864, most of the heavy artillery regiments within the defences of Washington were ordered to the front, where they served as infantry, and took an active part in the campaign.
The heaviest loss in this arm of the service — and, also, in any regiment of the army — occurred in the First Maine Heavy Artillery, of Birney's Division, Second Corps. During its term of service it lost 23 officers and 400 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded in battle. This regiment is remarkable, also, for its large percentage of loss; for the large number of officers killed; and, for having sustained in a certain engagement the greatest loss of any regiment in any one battle. The First Maine H.A. did not take the field until May, 1864, having served the two previous years in the fortifications of Washington. Its fighting and all its losses occurred within a period of ten months.
The next greatest loss in the heavy artillery is found in the Eighth New York, of Gibbon's Division, Second Corps, in which regiment 19 officers and 342 enlisted men were killed or died of wounds during their three years' term of service. Like the First Maine, it did not go to the front nor see any fighting until the last year of its service, all its losses occurring during the last ten months of the war.
The following list embraces all the heavy artillery regiments in which the number of killed, or died of wounds, exceeded two hundred:
KILLED OR DIED OF WOUNDS - UNION HEAVY ARTILLERY REGIMENTS
Regiment 	Division 	Corps 	Officers	Men	Total
1st Maine Heavy Artillery 	Birney's 	Second	23 	00 	423
8th New York Heavy Artillery 	Gibbon's 	Second	19 	342	361
7th New York Heavy Artillery 	Barlow's 	Second	14 	277	291
2nd Connecticut Heavy Artillery 	Wright's 	Sixth 	12 	242	254
1st Massachusetts Heavy Artillery	Birney's 	Second	9 	232	241
2nd Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery 	Ferrero's 	Ninth 	5 	228	233
14th New York Heavy Artillery 	Ferrero's 	Ninth 	6 	220	226
2nd New York Heavy Artillery 	Barlow's 	Second	10 	204	214
9th New York Heavy Artillery 	Ricketts's	Sixth 	6 	198	204
The Second Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery carried, from first to last, over 5000 names on its rolls. In fact, it comprised two regiments — one in the Ninth, and one in the Eighteenth Corps. In the spring of 1864, the regiment, 1800 strong, joined the Second Division of the Eighteenth Corps, at Cold Harbor. The surplus men had been previously formed into a "provisional" regiment with the same designation, and assigned to the Ninth Corps. The most of the losses occurred in this provisional command.
A cavalry regiment numbered 1200 men, nominally, and was divided into twelve companies of one hundred each. They did not suffer such severe losses in particular engagements as did the infantry, but their losses were divided among a great many more battles. The cavalry went into action very much oftener than infantry. Although mounted and armed with sabres, much of their fighting was done dismounted, and with carbines. The mounted regiments which lost the most men, killed or fatally wounded in action, were the following:
KILLED OR DIED OF WOUNDS - UNION CAVALRY REGIMENTS
Regiment 	Division 	Corps 	Officers	Men	Total
1st Maine Cavalry 	Gregg's 	Cavalry, A.P.	15 	159	174
1st Michigan Cavalry 	Kilpatrick's	Cavalry, A.P.	14 	150	164
5th Michigan Cavalry 	Kilpatrick's	Cavalry, A.P.	6 	135	141
6th Michigan Cavalry 	Kilpatrick's	Cavalry, A.P.	7 	128	135
1st Vermont Cavalry 	Kilpatrick's	Cavalry, A.P.	10 	124	134
1st New York Dragoons 	Torbert's 	Cavalry, A.P.	4 	126	130
1st New Jersey Cavalry 	Gregg's 	Cavalry, A.P.	12 	116	128
2nd New York Cavalry 	Wilson's 	Cavalry, A.P.	9 	112	121
11th Pennsylvania Cavalry	Kautz's 	Cavalry, A.P.	11 	108	119
The light artillery was composed of batteries with a maximum strength of 150 men and six guns. Before the war closed many of them were reorganized as four-gun batteries. In some cases there were regimental organizations comprising 12 batteries, but most of the troops in this arm of the service were independent commands; even where there was a regimental organization, each battery acted separately and independently of the others. In the volunteer service the leading batteries, in point of loss in battle, were as follows:
KILLED OR DIED OF WOUNDS - UNION LIGHT ARTILLERY REGIMENTS
Synonym 	Battery 	Corps 	Officers	Men	Total
"Cooper's" 	1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery / Battery B 	First 	2 	19 	21
"Sands'" 	11th Ohio (Independent) Light Artillery Battery 	Seventeenth 	-- 	20 	20
"Phillips'" 	5th Massachusetts Light Artillery Battery 	Fifth 	1 	18 	19
"Weeden's" 	1st Rhode Island Light Artillery / Battery C 	Fifth 	-- 	19 	19
"Cowan's" 	1st New York (Independent) Light Artillery Battery	Sixth 	2 	16 	18
"Stevens'" 	5th Maine Light Artillery Battery ("Battery E") 	First 	2 	16 	18
"Ricketts'" 	1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery / Battery F 	First 	1 	17 	18
"Easton's" 	1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery / Battery A 	First 	1 	16 	17
"Kern's" 	1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery / Battery G 	First 	1 	16 	17
"Randolph's"	1st Rhode Island Light Artillery / Battery E 	Third 	-- 	17 	17
"Pettit's" 	1st New York Light Artillery / Battery B 	Second 	-- 	16 	16
"Bigelow's" 	9th Massachusetts Light Artillery Battery 	Reserve Art'y	2 	13 	15
"Bradbury's"	1st Maine Light Artillery Battery ("Battery A") 	Nineteenth 	2 	13 	15
"Wood's" 	1st Illinois Light Artillery / Battery A 	Fifteenth 	-- 	15 	15
The loss in the Eleventh Ohio Battery occurred almost entirely in one action, 19 of its men having been killed or mortally wounded at Iuka in a charge on the battery. In the other batteries, however, the losses represent a long series of battles in which they rendered effective service, and participated with honor to themselves and the arm of the service to which they belonged.
Among the light batteries of the Regular Army, equally heavy losses occurred in the following famous commands:
KILLED OR DIED OF WOUNDS - UNION REGULAR LIGHT ARTILLERY COMMANDS
Unit 	Synonyms
4th United States Artillery / Battery B	"Gibbon's" / "Stewart's"
4th United States Artillery / Battery K	"DeRussey's" / "Seeley's"
1st United States Artillery / Battery I	"Ricketts'" / "Kirby's" / "Woodruff's"
5th United States Artillery / Battery D	"Griffin's"	" "Hazlitt's"
5th United States Artillery / Battery C	"Seymour's" / "Ransom's" / "Weir's"
5th United States Artillery / Battery H	"Gunther's"	" "Burnham's."
4th United States Artillery / Battery A and 
Battery C	"Hazzard's" / "Cushing's" / "Thomas'"
The foregoing pages show accurately the limit of loss in the various regimental organizations in the civil war. The figures will probably fall below the prevalent idea as to the number killed in certain regiments; but these figures are the only ones that the muster-out rolls will warrant, and no others can be accepted. True, there are many errors in the rolls, but they have been thoroughly revised and corrected.
There have been too many careless, extravagant statements made regarding losses in action. Officers have claimed losses for their regiments, which are sadly at variance with the records which they certified as correct at the close of the war— muster-out rolls which they made out themselves, and on which they accounted for each man in their command. If any veteran is surprised at the figures given here and feels disposed to question their accuracy, let him first carefully examine the muster-out rolls of his regiment. It will not be necessary to exaggerate the result. To the thoughtful, the truth will be sensational enough: the correct figures are amply heroic, and are unsurpassed in the annals of war.
The number of men killed in a regiment during its term of service has thus far been considered only in respect to the maximum of loss, and the result is of value only so far as it defines the limit of casualties to which regiments of this size are exposed. But, though similar in formation, the regiments varied in numbers according to the recruits or transferred men received. Some regiments received large numbers of recruits to make good their losses, while other commands went through the war with constantly lessening ranks and carried only the original thousand, or less, upon their rolls. Some regiments which reenlisted at the end of their three years' term received large accessions from other commands which, returning home, left detachments in the field composed of recruits with unexpired terms, or reenlisted men. Distinction must be made, in the matter of losses in action, between the regiments whose ranks were always kept full, and the ones which received no fresh material.
In short, the proper way to judge of the relative losses of regiments during their term of service is to accompany the statement of the losses with the figures of the total enrollment, and compare the percentages as well as the losses. The regiments in the following list Call fairly claim the honor of having encountered the hardest fighting in the war. They may not have done the most effective fighting, nor the best fighting; but they evidently stood where the danger was thickest, and were the ones which faced the hottest musketry. They were all well-known, reliable commands, and served with unblemished records. The maximum of loss is reached in this table:
KILLED OR DIED OF WOUNDS - MAXIMUM PERCENTAGE OF ENROLLMENT
Regiment 	Division (*)	Corps 	Enrolled	Killed	Percentage
2nd Wisconsin Infantry 	Wadsworth's 	First 	1203 	238 	19.7
1st Maine Heavy Artillery 	Birney's 	Second 	2202 	423 	19.2
57th Massachusetts Infantry 	Stevenson's 	Ninth 	1052 	201 	19.1
140th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1132 	198 	17.4
26th Wisconsin Infantry 	Schurz's 	Eleventh	1089 	188 	17.2
7th Wisconsin Infantry 	Wadsworth's 	First 	1630 	281 	17.2
69th New York Infantry 	Hancock's 	Second 	1513 	259 	17.1
11th Pennsylvania (Reserve) Infantry 	Crawford's 	Fifth 	1179 	196 	16.6
142nd Pennsylvania Infantry 	Doubleday's 	First 	935 	155 	16.5
141st Pennsylvania Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	1037 	167 	16.l
19th Indiana Infantry 	Wadsworth's 	First 	1246 	199 	15.9
121st New York Infantry 	Wright's 	Sixth 	1426 	226 	15.8
7th Michigan Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1315 	208 	15.8
148th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1339 	210 	15.6
83rd Pennsylvania Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	1808 	282 	15.5
22nd Massachusetts Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	1393 	216 	15.5
36th Wisconsin Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1014 	157 	15.4
27th Indiana Infantry 	Williams's 	Twelfth 	1101 	169 	15.3
5th Kentucky Infantry (U) 	T.J. Wood's 	Fourth 	1020 	157 	15.3
27th Michigan Infantry 	Willcox's 	Ninth 	1485 	225 	15.1
(II) 79th United States (Colored) Infantry	Thayer's 	Seventh 	1249 	188 	15.0
17th Maine Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	1371 	207 	15.0
1st Minnesota Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1242 	187 	15.0
(*) Most regiments served under more than one division commander, and some of them in more than one corps. For lack of space, mention is made here only of the division which will best assist the reader in identifying the regiment and its campaigns. 
The loss in the Second Wisconsin indicates the extreme limit of danger to which human life is exposed in a war similar in duration and activity to the American Civil War. It shows the chances which a man takes when he enlists. The figures, however, are the result of the weapons and mode of fighting of twenty years ago. Since then, muzzle-loading rifles have been dispensed with. Still, in the Franco-Prussian war, in which the troops were armed with breech-loaders, there was no increase in the percentage of casualties. In fact, the old muzzle-loaders were capable of delivering a hotter fire than any body of troops could withstand. At Marye's Heights and Cemetery Ridge, the bravest of assaulting columns recoiled from their fire; breech-loaders could have done no more. There was a limit of punishment beyond which endurance would not go, and the old Springfield rifle was capable of inflicting it.
But the figures of the Second Wisconsin, and of the other regiments as well, fail to show the full percentage of loss: the actual percentage was much larger. The figures given are based upon the total enrollment of the regiment, and necessarily include the non-combatants — the musicians, teamsters, company cooks, officers' servants, Surgeon's assistants, and Quartermaster's men; also, the sick, the detailed men, and absentees of all kinds. If the percentage were based on the number of men who were accustomed to follow the colors into action, the figures would be still more startling. But there is no place to draw a dividing line, and so the total enrollment must be taken. As all regiments were pretty much alike in respect to the number of non-combatants, it shows fairly their relative positions in point of loss.
These figures, let it be remembered, include only the killed and mortally wounded. To understand their full significance, one must bear in mind the additional loss of wounded men who survived their injuries— many of them surviving only to drag their marred and crippled lives along a lower plane of existence. In the Second Wisconsin nearly 900 men were killed or wounded, leaving but few unharmed of those who carried arms.
In stating the total enrollment of a regiment, the statistician is often in doubt as to what figures may be fairly used. In the Second Wisconsin there were two companies K. The first one remained with the regiment but a few weeks and was then permanently detached. Its place was taken by another company which was recruited in October, 1861. It would, manifestly, be unfair to include both companies in the enrollment, and so the first was not counted. Yet, the first company K was with the regiment in the battle of First Bull Run, and lost in that action one man killed and two missing. As this loss is included in the figures given for the Second Wisconsin, absolute accuracy would demand their subtraction before calculating the percentage. The regiment would, however, still remain at the head of the list in the table of percentages.
In the case of the First Maine Heavy Artillery a careful discrimination was also necessary. The enrollment given here includes the original regiment, together with all recruits received prior to the close of the war. But, in June, 1865 — two mouths after the war had closed — the regiment received a large accession from the Seventeenth and Nineteenth Maine Infantry. These latter commands had been mustered out, upon which the recruits with unexpired terms of service were transferred to the First Maine Heavy Artillery. These men — transferred after the war had ended — are not included in the enrollment, as they formed no part of the body under consideration in the matter of percentage of loss. Their number had already entered into the calculation of the regiments in which they had previously served. A careful examination of the rolls of the First Maine Heavy Artillery, name by name, shows that 2202 men only were enrolled prior to the surrender at Appomattox.
A similar case is found in the Fifty-seventh Massachusetts, which carried 1052 names, officers and enlisted men, on its rolls up to the close of the war. On the 9th of August, 1865-four months after the fighting had ceased— its rolls were increased by a transfer of the <fx_10>Fifty-ninth Massachusetts, which was consolidated with it. The names thus added were not included in the enrollment under consideration.
In the following table will be found every regiment in which the loss in killed and died of wounds exceeded ten per cent. of the total enrollment:
KILLED OR DIED OF WOUNDS - ENTIRE SERVICE OF REGIMENT
Regiment 	Division (*)	Corps 	Enrolled	Killed	Percentage
2nd Connecticut Heavy Artillery 	Wright's 	Sixth 	2506 	254 	10.1
7th Connecticut Infantry 	Terry's 	Tenth 	1657 	169 	10.1
14th Connecticut Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1724 	205 	11.8
(II) 9th Illinois Infantry 	Dodge's 	Sixteenth 	1493 	216 	14.4
(II) 12th Illinois Infantry 	Dodge's 	Sixteenth 	1207 	148 	12.2
20th Illinois Infantry 	Logan's 	Seventeenth	1092 	139 	12.7
22nd Illinois Infantry 	Sheridan's 	Fourth 	1123 	147 	13.0
27th Illinois Infantry 	Sheridan's 	Fourth 	1078 	115 	10.6
35th Illinois Infantry 	T.J. Wood's 	Fourth 	987 	109 	11.0
36th Illinois Infantry 	Sheridan's 	Fourth 	1376 	204 	14.8
40th Illinois Infantry 	C.R. Woods' 	Fifteenth 	1017 	125 	12.2
41st Illinois Infantry 	Lauman's 	Sixteenth 	1029 	115 	11.1
42nd Illinois Infantry 	Sheridan's 	Fourth 	1622 	181 	11.1
44th Illinois Infantry 	Sheridan's 	Fourth 	1344 	135 	10.0
55th Illinois Infantry 	Blair's 	Fifteenth 	1099 	157 	14.2
73rd Illinois Infantry 	Sheridan's 	Fourth 	994 	114 	11.4
82nd Illinois Infantry 	Schurz's 	Eleventh 	956 	102 	10.6
84th Illinois Infantry 	Stanley's 	Fourth 	987 	124 	12.5
88th Illinois Infantry 	Sheridan's 	Fourth 	926 	103 	11.1
89th Illinois Infantry 	T.J. Wood's 	Fourth 	1318 	133 	10.0
93rd Illinois Infantry 	Quinby's 	Seventeenth	1011 	151 	14.9
104th Illinois Infantry 	Carlin's 	Fourteenth 	999 	116 	11.6
(II) 6th Indiana Infantry 	T.J. Wood's 	Fourth 	1091 	125 	11.4
14th Indiana Infantry 	French's 	Second 	1134 	150 	13.2
19th Indiana Infantry 	Wadsworth's 	First 	1246 	199 	15.9
20th Indiana Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	1403 	201 	14.3
27th Indiana Infantry 	Williams's 	Twelfth 	1101 	169 	15.3
30th Indiana Infantry 	Stanley's 	Fourth 	1126 	137 	12.1
32nd Indiana Infantry 	T.J. Wood's 	Fourth 	1283 	171 	13.3
36th Indiana Infantry 	Stanley's 	Fourth 	1118 	113 	10.1
40th Indiana Infantry 	Newton's 	Fourth 	1473 	148 	10.0
3rd Iowa Infantry 	Lauman's 	Sixteenth 	1099 	127 	11.5
5th Iowa Infantry 	Quinby's 	Seventeenth	1042 	117 	11.2
6th Iowa Infantry 	Corse's 	Sixteenth 	1102 	152 	13.7
9th Iowa Infantry 	C.R. Woods's	Fifteenth 	1229 	154 	12.5
13th Iowa Infantry 	McArthur's 	Seventeenth	1118 	119 	10.7
22nd Iowa Infantry 	Grover's 	Nineteenth 	1067 	114 	10.6
24th Iowa Infantry 	Grover's 	Nineteenth 	1207 	128 	10.6
3rd Kentucky Infantry (U) 	Newton's 	Fourth 	1035 	109 	10.5
5th Kentucky Infantry (U) 	T.J. Wood's 	Fourth 	1020 	157 	15.3
6th Kentucky Infantry (U) 	T.J. Wood's 	Fourth 	960 	115 	11.9
15th Kentucky Infantry (U) 	Johnson's 	Fourteenth 	956 	137 	14.3
1st Maine Heavy Artillery 	Birney's 	Second 	2202 	428 	19.2
4th Maine Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	1440 	170 	11.8
6th Maine Infantry 	Wright's 	Sixth 	1213 	153 	12.6
7th Maine Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	1505 	152 	10.0
17th Maine Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	1371 	207 	15.0
19th Maine Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1441 	192 	13.3
31st Maine Infantry 	Potter's 	Ninth 	1395 	183 	13.1
2nd Massachusetts Infantry 	Williams's 	Twelfth 	1305 	187 	14.3
9th Massachusetts Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	1654 	209 	12.6
10th Massachusetts Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	1218 	134 	11.0
12th Massachusetts Infantry 	Robinson's 	First 	1522 	193 	12.6
15th Massachusetts Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1701 	241 	14.1
16th Massachusetts Infantry 	Humphreys's 	Third 	1335 	150 	11.2
20th Massachusetts Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1978 	260 	13.l
21st Massachusetts Infantry 	Stevenson's 	Ninth 	1178 	159 	13.4
22nd Massachusetts Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	1393 	216 	15.5
25th Massachusetts Infantry 	Weitzel's 	Eighteenth 	1371 	161 	11.7
28th Massachusetts Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1778 	250 	14.0
34th Massachusetts Infantry 	Thoburn's 	Eighth 	1309 	135 	10.3
36th Massachusetts Infantry 	Potter's 	Ninth 	1073 	111 	10.3
37th Massachusetts Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	1324 	169 	12.7
56th Massachusetts Infantry 	Stevenson's 	Ninth 	1047 	126 	12.0
57th Massachusetts Infantry 	Stevenson's 	Ninth 	1052 	201 	19.1
58th Massachusetts Infantry 	Potter's 	Ninth 	1032 	139 	13.4
1st Michigan Sharpshooters 	Willcox's 	Ninth 	1101 	137 	19.4
(II) 1st Michigan Infantry 	Morell's 	Fifth 	1329 	187 	14.0
2nd Michigan Infantry 	Willcox's 	Ninth 	1725 	925 	18.0
(I) 3rd Michigan Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	1238 	158 	12.7
(II) 4th Michigan Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	1325 	189 	14.2
5th Michigan Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	1883 	263 	13.9
7th Michigan Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1315 	208 	15.8
8th Michigan Infantry 	Willcox's 	Ninth 	1770 	223 	12.5
16th Michigan Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	1929 	247 	12.8
17th Michigan Infantry 	Willcox's 	Ninth 	1137 	135 	11.8
20th Michigan Infantry 	Willcox's 	Ninth 	1114 	124 	11.1
24th Michigan Infantry 	Wadsworth's 	First 	1654 	189 	11.4
26th Michigan Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1210 	121 	10.0
27th Michigan Infantry 	Willcox's 	Ninth 	1485 	225 	15.1
1st Minnesota Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1242 	187 	15.0
10th Missouri Infantry (U) 	Quinby's 	Seventeenth	977 	101 	10.3
11th Missouri Infantry (U) 	Mower's 	Sixteenth 	945 	104 	11.0
12th Missouri Infantry (U) 	Osterhaus's 	Fifteenth 	931 	112 	12.0
15th Missouri Infantry (U) 	Newton's 	Fourth 	904 	115 	12.7
26th Missouri Infantry (U) 	Quinby's 	Seventeenth	972 	118 	12.1
3rd New Hampshire Infantry 	Terry's 	Tenth 	1725 	198 	11.4
7th New Hampshire Infantry 	Terry's 	Tenth 	1718 	184 	10.7
12th New Hampshire Infantry 	Humphreys's 	Third 	1450 	181 	12.4
(II) 1st New Jersey Infantry 	Wright's 	Sixth 	1324 	153 	11.5
(II) 3rd New Jersey Infantry 	Wright's 	Sixth 	1238 	157 	12.6
14th New Jersey Infantry 	Ricketts's 	Sixth 	1312 	147 	11.2
15th New Jersey Infantry 	Wright's 	Sixth 	1702 	240 	14.1
(II) 5th New York Infantry 	Sykes' 	Fifth 	1508 	177 	11.7
8th New York Heavy Artillery 	Gibbon's 	Second 	2575 	361 	14.0
44th New York Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	1365 	182 	13.3
48th New York Infantry 	Terry's 	Tenth 	2173 	236 	10.8
49th New York Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	1312 	141 	10.7
51st New York Infantry 	Potter's 	Ninth 	2020 	202 	10.0
61st New York Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1526 	193 	12.6
64th New York Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1313 	173 	13.1
69th New York Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1513 	259 	17.1
70th New York Infantry 	Hooker's 	Third 	1226 	190 	15.4
72nd New York Infantry 	Hooker's 	Third 	1250 	161 	12.8
73rd New York Infantry 	Hooker's 	Third 	1326 	156 	11.7
76th New York Infantry 	Wadsworth's 	First 	1491 	173 	11.6
82nd New York Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1452 	181 	12.4
83rd New York Infantry 	Robinson's 	First 	1413 	156 	11.0
84th New York Infantry 	Wadsworth's 	First 	1365 	162 	11.8
86th New York Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	1524 	172 	11.2
88th New York Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1352 	151 	11.1
100th New York Infantry 	Terry's 	Tenth 	1491 	202 	13.5
109th New York Infantry 	Willcox's 	Ninth 	1353 	165 	12.1
111th New York Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1780 	220 	12.3
114th New York Infantry 	Dwight's 	Nineteenth 	1134 	121 	10.6
115th New York Infantry 	Ames's 	Tenth 	1196 	135 	11.2
121st New York Infantry 	Wright's 	Sixth 	1426 	226 	15.8
124th New York Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	1320 	148 	11.2
126th New York Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1036 	153 	14.7
137th New York Infantry 	Geary's 	Twelfth 	1111 	127 	11.4
148th New York Infantry 	Brooks's 	Eighteenth 	1065 	116 	10.8
149th New York Infantry 	Geary's 	Twelfth 	1286 	133 	10.3
155th New York Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	830 	114 	13.7
164th New York Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	928 	116 	11.4
170th New York Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1002 	129 	12.8
(II) 1st Ohio Infantry 	T.J. Wood's 	Fourth 	1160 	121 	10.4
(II) 7th Ohio Infantry 	Geary's 	Twelfth 	1365 	184 	13.4
(II) 8th Ohio Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1032 	132 	12.7
(II) 14th Ohio Infantry 	Brannan's 	Fourteenth 	1404 	146 	10.3
(II) 15th Ohio Infantry 	T.J. Wood's 	Fourth 	1654 	179 	10.5
(II) 21st Ohio Infantry 	Johnson's 	Fourteenth 	1398 	172 	12.3
30th Ohio Infantry 	Blair's 	Fifteenth 	1115 	128 	11.4
33rd Ohio Infantry 	Baird's 	Fourteenth 	1284 	137 	10.6
41st Ohio Infantry 	T.J. Wood's 	Fourth 	1423 	176 	12.3
46th Ohio Infantry 	Hazen's 	Fifteenth 	1111 	134 	12.0
49th Ohio Infantry 	T.J. Wood's 	Fourth 	1468 	202 	13.7
55th Ohio Infantry 	Steinwehr's 	Eleventh 	1392 	143 	10.2
65th Ohio Infantry 	Newton's 	Fourth 	1216 	122 	10.0
73rd Ohio Infantry 	Steinwehr's 	Eleventh 	1267 	171 	13.4
93rd Ohio Infantry 	T.J. Wood's 	Fourth 	1068 	113 	10.5
98th Ohio Infantry 	Davis's 	Fourteenth 	1152 	120 	10.4
110th Ohio Infantry 	Ricketts's 	Sixth 	1165 	126 	10.8
113th Ohio Infantry 	Davis's 	Fourteenth 	1113 	120 	10.7
126th Ohio Infantry 	Ricketts's 	Sixth 	1254 	152 	12.1
5th Pennsylvania (Reserve) Infantry 	Crawford's 	Fifth 	1046 	141 	13.5
6th Pennsylvania (Reserve) Infantry 	Crawford's 	Fifth 	1059 	110 	10.3
8th Pennsylvania (Reserve) Infantry 	Crawford's 	Fifth 	l062 	158 	14.8
9th Pennsylvania (Reserve) Infantry 	Crawford's 	Fifth 	1088 	137 	12.5
10th Pennsylvania (Reserve) Infantry 	Crawford's 	Fifth 	1150 	160 	13.9
11th Pennsylvania (Reserve) Infantry 	Crawford's 	Fifth 	1179 	196 	16.6
13th Pennsylvania (Reserve) Infantry 	Crawford's 	Fifth 	1165 	162 	13.9
(II) 11th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Robinson's 	First 	2052 	236 	11.5
45th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Potter's 	Ninth 	1960 	227 	11.5
46th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Williams's 	Twelfth 	1794 	179 	10.0
49th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Wright's 	Sixth 	1313 	193 	14.6
55th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Ames's 	Tenth 	1820 	208 	11.4
61st Pennsylvania Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	1987 	237 	11.9
62nd Pennsylvania Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	1571 	169 	10.7
63rd Pennsylvania Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	1341 	186 	13.8
69th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1715 	178 	10.3
72nd Pennsylvania Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1596 	193 	12.9
81st Pennsylvania Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1608 	208 	12.9
83rd Pennsylvania Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	l808 	282 	15.5
84th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Humphreys's 	Third 	1241 	125 	10.0
96th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Wright's 	Sixth 	1153 	132 	11.4
100th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Stevenson's 	Ninth 	2014 	224 	11.1
105th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	1992 	245 	12.2
106th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1004 	104 	10.3
118th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Griffin's 	Fifth 	1276 	141 	11.0
119th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Wright's 	Sixth 	1216 	141 	11.5
121st Pennsylvania Infantry 	Doubleday's 	First 	891 	109 	12.2
139th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	1070 	145 	13.5
140th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1132 	198 	17.4
141st Pennsylvania Infantry 	Birney's 	Third 	1037 	167 	16.1
142nd Pennsylvania Infantry 	Doubleday's 	First 	935 	155 	16.5
143rd Pennsylvania Infantry 	Doubleday's 	First 	1491 	151 	10.1
145th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1456 	205 	14.1
148th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Barlow's 	Second 	1339 	210 	15.6
149th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Doubleday's 	First 	1454 	169 	11.6
184th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	959 	113 	11.7
188th Pennsylvania Infantry 	Brooks's 	Eighteenth 	1201 	124 	10.3
2nd Vermont Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	1811 	224 	12.3
3rd Vermont Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	1748 	206 	11.7
5th Vermont Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	1533 	213 	13.8
6th Vermont Infantry 	Getty's 	Sixth 	1568 	203 	12.9
10th Vermont Infantry 	Ricketts's 	Sixth 	1304 	149 	11.3
17th Vermont Infantry 	Potter's 	Ninth 	1137 	147 	12.9
7th West Virginia Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1008 	142 	14.0
(II) 1st Wisconsin Infantry 	Baird's 	Fourteenth 	1386 	157 	11.3
2nd Wisconsin Infantry 	Wadsworth's 	First 	1203 	238 	19.7
3rd Wisconsin Infantry 	Williams's 	Twelfth 	1333 	170 	12.7
6th Wisconsin Infantry 	Wadsworth's 	First 	1940 	244 	12.5
7th Wisconsin Infantry 	Wadsworth's 	First 	1630 	281 	17.2
21st Wisconsin Infantry 	Johnson's 	Fourteenth 	1171 	122 	10.4
24th Wisconsin Infantry 	Newton's 	Fourth 	l077 	111 	10.3
26th Wisconsin Infantry 	Schurz's 	Eleventh 	1089 	188 	17.2
36th Wisconsin Infantry 	Gibbon's 	Second 	1014 	157 	15.4
37th Wisconsin Infantry 	Willcox's 	Ninth 	1110 	156 	14.0
1st United States Sharpshooters 	Birney's 	Third 	1392 	153 	10.9
2nd United States Sharpshooters 	Birney's 	Third 	1178 	125 	10.6
(II) 79th United States (Colored) Infantry	Thayer's 	Seventh 	1249 	188 	15.0
(*) Most regiments served under more than one division commander, and some of them in more than one corps. For lack of space, mention is made here only of the division which will best assist the reader in identifying the regiment and its campaigns.
In some of the regiments of the preceding list, a part of the enrollment has been omitted, and the percentage was calculated on the number enrolled during the period of active service. In some cases deduction was made for large bodies of conscripts which never joined the regiment, although their names were borne upon the rolls; also, for accessions of substitutes and drafted men who did not reach the regiment until the fighting had practically ended. Partial enrollments were used in calculating the percentages of the Second Massachusetts, Third Wisconsin, Twentieth Massachusetts, Seventh West Virginia, Eighty-second New York, and Eighty-third New York.
There were many regiments which would appear in the preceding table of high percentages were it not that their rolls were unduly swelled by useless names; by conscripts and mercenaries <fx_15>who deserted on their way to the front; and by transfers from disbanded regiments, in which too large a number of the men appeared on the transfer papers only. An attempt has been made in the succeeding pages to render justice to such regiments by tabulating the original enrollment separately, and stating the percentage of killed as based on that. In the Fifth New Hampshire, which does not appear in the table of high percentages, 17.9 per cent. of the original regiment were killed or mortally wounded.
Care was necessary, also, to avoid counting names twice, as in many regiments men were transferred from one company to another, their names appearing on the muster-out rolls of each company. In the printed rolls of the New Jersey troops these men are counted twice in the recapitulation which appears at the end of each regimental roll, thereby increasing, apparently, the quota of men furnished, but lowering the percentage of killed. Still, the printed rolls of the New Jersey regiments are in better shape than those of any other State, and are highly creditable to the authorities who had charge of the publication. In the regimental rolls published by Massachusetts, the names of those who reenlisted appear twice; and in all the State rolls names are duplicated more or less as the result of transfers or consolidation of companies. On the War Department records, a man who reenlisted was counted as two men, and so credited on the quota of the State.
In the figures given here, pains have been taken to avoid counting a man more than once, the intention being that the total enrollment should show exactly the number of individuals who served in each regiment.
== Chapter 2 ==
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* Chapter 2
== Chapter 3 ==
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* Chapter 3
== Chapter 4 ==
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* Chapter 4
== Chapter 5 ==
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* Chapter 5
== Chapter 6 ==
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* Chapter 6
== Chapter 7 ==
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* Chapter 7
== Chapter 8 ==
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* Chapter 8
== Chapter 9 ==
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* Chapter 9
== Chapter 10 ==
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* Chapter 10
== Chapter 11 ==
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* Chapter 11
== Chapter 12 ==
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* Chapter 12
== Chapter 13 ==
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* Chapter 13
== Chapter 14 ==
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* Chapter 14
== Chapter 15 ==
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* Chapter 15
== Index ==
* This text also includes an Index
== Other Sources ==
* http://www.civilwarhome.com/foxspref.htm (full text)
* http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2001.05.0068 (full text)
* https://archive.org/details/reglossescivilwar00foxwrich (many formats)
*