Climate News Events Archive ... 1970 to Today

Also, Visit Climate News - Current Headlines
::Climate News
::* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Climate_News
File:CO2 photo.JPG
 
Climate Change 
Strategic Demands
: New Definitions of National & Global Security Are Demanded
::* https://strategicdemands.com/new-definitions-of-security/
::* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/New_Definitions_of_National_Security
:::* https://strategicdemands.com/environmental-security/ 
:::* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Environmental_Security
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:* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Too_Hot
🦠 Earth Science Vital Signs
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Earth_Science_Vital_Signs
New Ways to See & Experience Planet Earth
 
Visit GreenPolicy360's story of Earth Science research from our decades of research, eco-activism and #PlanetCitizens education.
Our eco operating system (eOS) includes:
EarthPOV
ThinBlueLayer.com - Look at how thin our atmosphere is
Earth and Space, Politics
New Definitions of National Security
Planet API
Earth Science Research from Space
Micro-satellites
Virtual Earth
HelloEarth
Democratization of Space
Earth Right Now
Earth Science Vital Signs
The Commons
Earth Imaging-New Space
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Earth Temperature Today 🌡️ Climate Change Institute -- https://climatereanalyzer.org/clim/t2_daily/ 
Climate Forecast System - https://cfs.ncep.noaa.gov/ | https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/weather-climate-models/climate-forecast-system
National Centers for Environmental Prediction - https://www.nco.ncep.noaa.gov/ | https://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/
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Environmental Protection Action, Earth Science/Climate Science Origins 
: Clean Air, Clean Water, an EPA, a Green Flag Is Raised 
Beginnings of the Modern Environmental Movement 
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/mw/images/1969_beginnings_of_the_modern_environmental_movement.pdf
 
 
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On the 50th Anniversary
Memories on the Road to the First Earth Day 
By Steve Schmidt 
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Earth_Day_Memories_on_the_50th_Anniversary
 
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Flashback -- 1978, Climate Action Memories
: GreenPolicy360 Siterunner: Our friend George steps up in Congress
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/George_E._Brown_J
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First National Climate Act
GreenPolicy360 Siterunner / SJ Schmidt: The beginnings of modern environmental and climate science can be traced to the 1960s and 1970s. The U.S. National Academy of Sciences played a key role in laying a foundation of scientific reports and data.'''
Energy and Climate Report, 1977, National Academy of Sciences / 175 pp. / PDF via GreenPolicy360
Rep. George Brown took the findings of the 1977 Energy and Climate Report from the Academy of Sciences and made the science actionable. In a historic moment, he proposed and drafted the legislation of the first U.S. National Climate Program and shepherded its passage in 1978.
This first federal program established to study and assess scientifically the issues and risks of human-caused climate change became a foundation for comprehensive initiatives, with an array of new Earth Science missions led by NASA and NOAA, the EPA and USGS. 
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1992 -- The First International UN Earth Summit 
: We (your GreenPolicy360 founder) reported 'deep into the first Earth Summit'... 
: and in that early 90s year worked to draft a 1992 US presidential campaign platform 'deep on the green'
::: Launch of the Annual International (UNFCCC) Climate Conferences 
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::::::: Earth Summit (1992)
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GreenPolicy360 Siterunner - SJS / January 2022: Looking back to the 1960s and 70s to the beginnings of the Earth Science from Space missions of NASA and affiliated U.S. agencies in association with higher education and aerospace business, the vision statements of Congressional leaders like Rep. George E. Brown (D-Los Angeles), set in motion the measuring and monitoring programs that led to decades of atmospheric and earth systems data. This constellation of new space technology -- digital imaging, Earth 360° remote viewing, scientific observations, changes over time, atmospheric and earth temperature trend lines, all came into our hands. 'Drilling down', not for gas and oil, but in the parsing of data, now has the promise to provide essential ways and means to deliver real- and extended-time knowledge bases which can be used, effectively and we propose legally, to deliver on pledges and promises made at international climate change conferences and summits.
Let us do our part in continuing to expand this first-generation earth science vision -- space-based cooperative missions, initiatives and ventures -- that makes it possible to turn database tracking of emissions (externalities) -- CO2, methane, CFCs and other gases -- nation-by-nation into Climate Plan Enforcement (CPEs).
It is time to move from distant pledged goals to coordinated nation-by-nation climate action. Using best practices, effective nationally determined, and legally enforced operational plans, we can become agents of change making a positive real-world difference. As it is said -- "Earth Is In Our Hands", let us turn science and knowledge into climate action now.
The strategic demands for international cooperation and action is our generations greatest task and our legacy. Let us take up our climate challenge. Our time is today to enforce well intended, but extremely hard to achieve climate pledges. 
* https://www.climatechangenews.com/2021/12/07/five-ways-satellite-observations-can-help-deliver-glasgow-climate-pact/
 
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 2021
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Mark today, December 19, 2021
One Senator today, a Senator elected by 290,000 voters in one of the least populous states, goes on the Fox channel to announce, suddenly, that he, in explanation, has 'done everything humanly possible'. As 'swing vote' in the U.S. Senate, he will kill the Build Back Better Act and all its climate provisions. That the U.S. and world are facing #ClimateCrisis does not enter this man's mind as he explains his motive. What is seen as needed and necessary by Americans across political divides and by scientists, by young people and people of the world is nowhere seen by this man Manchin as explains to Fox on Sunday, amid Christmas season decorations, why he's bearing destructive news. What is as key to economic well being in the U.S., competitive moves as promised with infrastructure and energy, and #EnvironmentalProtection at home and as a global leader becomes, in one fell swoop, a tragic collapse.
'Senator Manchin's Surprise' sweeps across U.S. and world media. The Office of the President reacts to Manchin's news with an immediate, and harsh press office statement ending with a promise to continue trying for passage 'next year'.
* https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/12/19/statement-from-press-secretary-jen-psaki-4/
Now is the time for #ClimateAction
Across the globe, the U.S. is now again seen as failing by the nations of the world. The costs of this failure will be extensive, as the U.S. comes across as untrustworthy and dysfunctional as some 200 nations attempt to put forward their own climate plans after the Glasgow Climate Summit. Calls for action, real climate action beyond promises, are a highest priority. Governments are attempting to step up and confront the clear and present danger of the #ClimateCrisis, the U.S., after 4 years of Trump administration climate change denial, attacks on environmental science and retreat from global and national environmental protection, now faces another profound national security challenge. -- GreenPolicy360 #StrategicDemands #NewDefinitionsofNationalSecurity 
Press Secretary Jen Psaki: 
"... Sudden and inexplicable reversal" 
"Breach of his commitments to the President and the Senator’s colleagues in the House and Senate"
“Senator Manchin’s comments this morning on FOX are at odds with his discussions this week with the President, with White House staff, and with his own public utterances.”
“Weeks ago, Senator Manchin committed to the President, at his home in Wilmington, to support the Build Back Better framework that the President then subsequently announced. Senator Manchin pledged repeatedly to negotiate on finalizing that framework ‘in good faith.'”
"Senator Manchin’s statement about the climate provisions in Build Back Better are wrong. Build Back Better will produce a job-creating clean energy future for this country — including West Virginia.''
* https://ijr.com/white-house-manchin-bbb-betrayed-commitments-biden-colleagues/
* https://www.npr.org/2021/12/20/1065695953/build-back-better-climate-change
* https://www.politicususa.com/2021/12/19/jen-psaki-statement-suggests-joe-manchin-stabbed-biden-in-the-back.html
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/19/climate/manchin-climate-build-back-better-bill.html
* https://www.eenews.net/articles/dems-scramble-seethe-after-manchin-kills-climate-bill/
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Climate Wire
* https://www.eenews.net/articles/dems-scramble-seethe-after-manchin-kills-climate-bill/
Manchin, who owns a coal company, continues to reject the notion that climate change demands urgent action. He called the climate provisions in Biden’s bill “catastrophic.”
An explosive chain reaction of finger-pointing and hand-wringing followed Sen. Joe Manchin’s declaration yesterday that he would oppose President Biden’s signature climate bill.
Climate experts started scrambling for workarounds to compensate for the money and policies killed by the West Virginia Democrat’s decision that he announced during a "Fox News Sunday" interview yesterday. The White House began picking up the pieces of a political coalition riven by distrust and recriminations. And climate diplomacy, already staggering from this year’s disappointing global climate summit, was poised to sink to a new low.
The bill’s defeat would mark the third time since 1993 that Democrats have failed to pass a climate law after winning unified control of government — only now, scientists say there’s no time left to preserve a safe climate.
Global temperatures already have risen about 1.1 degrees Celsius from preindustrial levels. Biden has set a goal of cutting U.S. emissions in half by 2030 — roughly the same rate the entire world must follow, scientists say, in order to keep warming well below 2 C.
The $1.7 trillion "Build Back Better Act" opposed by Manchin would have directed $550 billion to climate policy, the largest pot of money in the bill. The version passed by the House included over $300 billion in clean energy tax credits and a methane fee for the oil and gas industry.
Its collapse raises new problems for Democrats’ 2022 midterm campaigns, as well as future international efforts to combat global warming. 
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Internationally, the ramifications of Biden’s failure could take longer to materialize. America’s ability to meet its own climate commitments is seen as key to getting other countries to do more to tackle the climate crisis.
For now, some deals struck on the sidelines of COP 26 likely will be unaffected by Congress’ inaction. Those agreements include a commitment among more than 100 countries to cut methane emissions and a new corporate-centered campaign to get heavy-polluting companies to green their supply chains (Greenwire, Oct. 5).
Where it will matter most is on U.S. credibility.
“The diplomacy around climate change is easy to overstate," said David Victor, a public policy professor at the School of Global Policy and Strategy at the University of California, San Diego. “But it’s got to make enough progress that everyone in the world sees that as a legitimate process and that there are efforts being made.”
Before and after COP 26, U.S. climate envoy John Kerry pushed China, India, Russia and several other large emitters to step up their climate mitigation efforts — even as they have chided the United States for failing to pass climate legislation.
Kerry told E&E News in October that the United States could meet its climate goals without legislation. As an example, he pointed to the role businesses could play in helping reduce global emissions (Climatewire, Oct. 15). 
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Glasgow Climate Summit - Pledges, Promises, Declarations - What's Next Up
Glasgow Climate Summit (COP26) - Pledges, Promises, Declarations 
Multiple Shades of Climate Action Promised and Agreements-Yet-To-Become-Reality 
GreenPolicy360: How many results of the Glasgow Summit are legally binding? What can be expected as a reality check as the thousands who attended the Glasgow Climate Summit return home to their some 200 nations around the world?
It's time for a reality check. Given the gravity of the threat of #ClimateChange, of global disruption of Earth's life supporting systems, of the biosphere and life on Earth as we know it, shouldn't our governments turn to the clear and present danger of the #ClimateCrisis? 
As the following "Reflections on Glasgow a Few Weeks Later" by Ted Parson, Esq., a legal expert on International Environmental Law explains with citations and copious detail, "how big a contribution they (nations attending the Glasgow conference) will make needs to be taken with a 'grain of salt. They will probably fall short of initial optimistic estimates, sometimes by a lot."
The fact is the Glasgow Climate Summit and its pledges, promises and declarations "mostly lack provisions for enforcement, monitoring, or even standardized reporting."
GreenPolicy360 continues to express our belief in the need for enforcement of promises being made as Conferences of the Parties, promises after promises pass by year after year.
How can nations access and share successful models, best practices, regulations and laws in order to achieve real, verifiable climate progress?
How best can we deliver cooperative open access to measure and monitor each nation's promised programs and progress? 
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:Methods_to_enforce_climate_pledges-NDCs_-_Dec_2021.png
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New German Government Announces Far-reaching Climate Plans
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November 2021
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Glasgow's hope for the climate battle
: by Michael E. Mann and Susan Joy Hassol
"Our future now depends on holding leaders accountable for carrying out the pledges they made at Glasgow."
:* https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2021-11-13/cop26-glasgow-climate-change
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November 19
U.S. House of Representatives passes biggest climate investment in U.S. history
Now the legislative package goes to the Senate
* https://www.cnbc.com/2021/11/19/house-passes-biggest-climate-investment-in-us-history-.html
$555 billion in climate programs
(The overall 'Build Back Better' legislative package) biggest climate spending components include 10-year tax credits to expand and accelerate investments in renewable power, including wind, solar and nuclear. The bill also includes a proposal to raise the electric vehicle tax credit to up to $12,500 for vehicles made at a unionized factory in the U.S.
Other climate-related items in the legislation include:
: Delivering consumer rebates for shifting to clean energy and electrification
: Advancing environmental justice by investing in disadvantaged communities
 
: Creating a new Civilian Climate Corp to create jobs and conserve public lands
 
: Investing in coastal restoration, forest management and soil conservation.
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After COP26 Summit, World Waits to See if U.S. Democratic Party Can Pass Climate Legislation
* https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/after-cop26-summit-world-waits-to-see-if-democrats-can-pass-climate-legislation/
Dozens of congressional Democrats traveled to Scotland last week, where they met with high-level U.N. officials and global leaders to convince the world that they will deliver on President Biden’s pledge to halve emissions by 2030. The sales team included multiple Senate delegations, as well as a group of more than 20 House Democrats, led by Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.)
“The reception there was overwhelmingly positive,” House Select Committee on the Climate Crisis Chair Kathy Castor (D-Fla.) said in an interview after returning from Scotland on Friday. “For example, members of the European Parliament who we met with, they went out of their way to say, ‘Thankfully, the U.S. is back. We need you as a strong partner to meet the scientific imperative and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.’”
House Democrats are hoping to pass the $1.7 trillion reconciliation package—which includes some $555 billion for climate and clean energy—this week. That would send it on to the 50-50 Senate, where Energy and Natural Resources Chair Joe Manchin (D-W.Va.) has raised concerns about key climate provisions and where slow procedural timetables could push consideration of the bill into December.
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Reports from the International Climate Summit
November 13, 2021
At COP26, nations agree to speed climate action, but world remains off target
Exhausted negotiators from nearly 200 nations struck a deal Saturday intended to propel the world toward more urgent climate action, without offering the transformative breakthrough scientists say must happen if humanity is to avert catastrophic warming.
* https://apple.news/ASwRW5wCNRQCW6HrV8a1lUQ
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Go Gavin Go. Time for science, measuring & monitoring, facts to confront the pressing challenges of #ClimateChange
: Via NASA: "You can manage only what you can measure" 
: #AtmosphericScience #EarthScience #StrategicDemands #PlanetCitizensPlanetScientists 
:: * https://fb.watch/9bvqr4CFSJ/
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November 6, 2021
November 5 
Less than a week into the international climate summit in Glasgow, known as COP26, the mood is mixed. 
There have been positive developments, such as pledges to end and reverse deforestation, a deal to cut methane emission levels by 30% by 2030 and new commitments to phase out coal power. 
Ultimately, however, the success of the summit will be judged on whether countries and companies can keep the 1.5 degrees Celsius goal alive. This critically important temperature threshold refers to the aspirational target of the landmark 2015 Paris Agreement.
Experts say it is difficult to see how COP26 can steer the world toward 1.5 degrees Celsius.
* https://www.cnbc.com/2021/11/05/cop26-climate-summit-why-glasgow-is-drawing-parallels-to-copenhagen.html
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A First-Hand Point of View at the International Climate Summit
By Lauren Boritzke Smith
GLASGOW, Scotland, COP 26 – Being on the ground in Glasgow, Scotland, for COP26 is a strange and humbling experience... The work happening here is fast-paced, desperate, hopeful, angering, innovative, rooted in community … and frustrating. So many stories here plead to be heard as the world heads for further warming on a runaway train of emissions...
So, what does it truly feel like to be here at COP26? Read More
 
 
Time to act to make a difference
International climate negotiations in Glasgow, Scotland
* https://ukcop26.org/ 
Remembering the First Earth Summit
GreenPolicy360 Siterunner: Thirty years ago and now I'm older and looking back at the first "Earth Summit" that led to the first global 'Conference of the Parties'. My reports to the Environmental News Service (ENS) picked up on the green, environmental platform planks I was also adding to the Platform in Progress for California Governor Jerry Brown's presidential campaign. The first Earth Summit and Governor Brown's energetic efforts both moved a vital, forward-looking vision and both encountered myriad obstacles from powers-that-be and business-as-usual. The obstacles didn't stop before or after 1992. The work continued on and continues to today... November 2021, fifty years on...
I'm now remembering and picking up and continuing the threads of Representative George E. Brown's work to advance climate science, beginning in earnest with the first National Climate Act of 1978 and establishment of the Office of Science and Technology Policy to push what was called a "big science, earth science" agenda with the first generation of focused earth studies and science, measuring and monitoring 'the Commons' , earth's atmosphere, natural resources (e.g., Landsat's start up and a deep, multi-decade array of NASA/NOAA/USGS missions that have now continued for half a century.
A tip of our GreenPolicy360 hat to #PlanetCitizens and #PlanetCitizensPlanetScientists.
Here's to Opportunity for Citizen Activism 
 
October 2021
October 30, 2021 / Associated Press
Earth gets hotter, deadlier during decades of climate talks 
Oren Lyons, Chief of the Onondaga Iroquois Nation, writes of ancient wisdom: 
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Seventh_Generation
October 29
Biden's Climate Plan Survives Negotiations in Congress
Next Step, Turn the Framework Agreement into Passed Legislation
WaPo / Biden’s new Build Back Better bill has $555 billion for climate, making it the biggest clean energy bill ever 
* https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2021/10/28/climate-biden-build-back-better/
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/28/climate/climate-change-framework-bill.html
* https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/oct/29/joe-biden-climate-plan-emissions-cop26
The White House’s Build Back Better plan unveiled Thursday represents the biggest clean-energy investment in U.S. history, with a $555 billion package of tax credits, grants and other policies aimed at curbing greenhouse gas emissions that are fueling climate change.
Although Sen. Joe Manchin III (D-W.Va.) forced Democrats to drop a key provision targeting the electric power sector, the final bill includes an array of tax credits for companies and consumers that will make it easier to buy electric vehicles, install solar panels, retrofit buildings and manufacture wind turbines and other clean-energy equipment in the United States.
The climate package comes at a time when President Biden is hoping to demonstrate at a high-profile United Nations summit next week that the United States can meet its international climate commitments. The legislation, coupled with executive actions, could help Biden halve U.S. greenhouse gas emissions in less than nine years compared with 2005 levels.
“This is game-changing,” said Carol Browner, who served as President Barack Obama’s top climate adviser... Comparing it to the 2009 stimulus bill that funneled billions of dollars to clean energy, Browner said, “This is six times the amount of Obama’s investment, and we thought that was big.”
Clean energy central to the Biden economic agenda
“Climate in 2020 became an electoral powerhouse,” said Sen. Edward J. Markey (D-Mass.), who co-sponsored a cap-and-trade bill that passed the House in 2009 but stalled in the Senate. “That army of the Sunrise Movement, the youth climate strikers, they have proven that if you organize around clean energy, around climate issues, you can change the inside dynamic of the back rooms of Washington.”
Documents from the White House and analyses by independent experts suggest the legislation will reduce U.S. annual carbon dioxide emissions by about a gigaton, nearly a sixth of its current annual emissions.
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Fossil Fuels Production Soars
* https://strategicdemands.com/fossil-fuels-producation-soars/
* https://productiongap.org/2021report/
* https://www.newstatesman.com/chart-of-the-day/2021/10/how-the-world-is-on-course-for-failure-on-climate-change
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Private Equity Funds, Sensing Profit in Tumult, Are Propping Up Oil
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/13/climate/private-equity-funds-oil-gas-fossil-fuels.html
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October 20, 2021
NY Times
How a Single Senator Derailed Biden's Climate Plan
: The Centerpiece of the president's environmental agenda has fallen apart because of the objections of a single senator.
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Does one West Virginia coal-state Senator kill the US plan to confront the #ClimateCrisis
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/20/podcasts/the-daily/joe-biden-climate-plan-joe-manchin.html 
Disabling... one week before the start of the international climate summit... the US climate response model intended to provide a guide for global nation-by-nation #ClimateAction
History will tell the story of Senator Manchin
The 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP26) in Glasgow on 31 October - 12 November 2021
* https://ukcop26.org/ 
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October 18, 2021 / As the COP-26 Global Climate Summit Approaches
: Fifty + Years of Climate Science -- It's Overdue Time for International Climate Action
The science is saying #ClimateCrisis to all who would listen -- The time is NOW to act to make a positive difference in our common future
: "There is a near-linear relationship between cumulative anthropogenic CO2 emissions and the global warming they cause." 
:: * https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-18/the-climate-science-you-missed 
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Money in Politics
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/16/climate/democrats-carbon-tax-climate.html
 
Historic Levels of Political Spending and #PoliticoPay from Lobbyists, Online Solicitations, PACS, 'Deep Pockets' and 'Dark Money' 
Money Floods the Race for Control of Congress (NYT/Oct 16, 2021)
K Street is a major thoroughfare in the United States capital of Washington, D.C. known as a center for numerous lobbyists and advocacy groups. In political discourse, "K Street" has become a metonym for Washington's lobbying industry since many lobbying firms were traditionally located on the section in Northwest Washington which passes from Georgetown through a portion of Downtown D.C
 
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Fact Sheet - Biden administration roadmap to build an economy resilient to climate change impacts
* https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/10/15/fact-sheet-biden-administration-roadmap-to-build-an-economy-resilient-to-climate-change-impacts/
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Planet Citizens
Look at how thin our atmosphere is
New Definitions of National Security
Earth Science Vital Signs
Green New Deal
 
September 2021
 
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9 Things About Landsat 9 !!!!!!!!! 
: NASA (2021)
* https://youtu.be/DGE-N8_LQBo
New Landsat Mission Launches Successfully
* https://scitechdaily.com/nasa-launches-new-mission-in-major-milestone-to-monitor-earths-landscapes-from-space/
Interior Department Secretary Deb Haaland says the program provides "a rich form of data" that helps people in their everyday lives and is vital in dealing with climate change.
The U.S. Interior Department, the U.S. Geological Survey, NASA with the Congressional Science and Technology Committee (originally the Science and Astronautics Committee were responsible for building the original Landsat program (which overcame much opposition within the military). ERTS-1, the Earth Resources Technology Satellite, as the original Landsat satellite was officially first called, was 'greenlighted' to go as a real time earth observation mission in 1970. The vast digital database it gathered has proven over the years the wisdom of the visionaries who first proposed, drafted legislation creating, funding, then engineering, testing, launching and ably defending the Landsat mission from critics over the decades. Now the results are being re-considered for the unique value they provide in guiding policy discussion, debate and decisions. The Landsat library of imagery, millions of images, multispectrum observations of change on earth over the first fifty years of the mission's existence, are seen in a new light.
"We're in the thick of the climate crisis right now, we see that every day — drought, wildfires, hurricanes, Hurricane Ida that devastated parts of the South and went all the way up to New England," the current Interior Department head, Ms Haaland, the first Native American to hold the post said.
"Images like the ones that Landsat 9 will bring back to us will help to guide us in how we are approaching climate change, working to make sure that we can make the best decisions possible, so that folks have water into the future, that we can grow our food into the future."
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:You_can_manage_only_what_you_can_measure_Dr_David_Crisp,_OCO-2,_June_2014_m.jpg
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Landsat was a model for all the following earth science research missions from space and is now moving into its fifth decade with Landsat 9 
* https://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/landsat-9
* https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0034425720303382?dgcid=coauthor#f0005
* https://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/landsat-1-3/landsat-1
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/George_E._Brown_Jr
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/LANDSAT_and_Virginia_Tower_Norwood
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Earth_Science_Research_from_Space
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::::John Kerry, U.S. Global Envoy on Climate Action Faces a 'Tough Path'
: 
U.S. President speaks of pressing national and global challenges faced by today's generation
GreenPolicy360: Our "intergenerational" responsibility begins to be recognized, acknowledged and acted upon
In his first address to the United Nations General Assembly as president, President Joe Biden said the coronavirus pandemic, climate change and other threats present world leaders with a stark choice at "the dawning of what must be a decisive decade for our world."
* https://www.politifact.com/article/2021/sep/21/un-speech-joe-biden-calls-collective-action-climat/
"We’re challenged by urgent and looming crises, wherein lie enormous opportunities, if we can summon the will and resolve to seize these opportunities," Biden said Sept. 21.
Biden addressed protecting the rights of women, nuclear disarmament, expanding individual liberty, and reducing global hunger, casting the U.S. as focused on diplomacy and partnerships.
"We are not seeking a new cold war, or a world divided into rigid blocs," Biden said. "The United States is ready to work with any nation that steps up and pursues peaceful resolution to shared challenges, even if we have intense disagreement in other areas, because we'll all suffer the consequences of our failure."
On climate change, "the scientists and experts are telling us we are fast approaching a point of no return."
Biden’s words about "approaching a point of no return" reflects the broad concern that the world is unlikely to be able to keep global warming to within the 1.5 degrees Celsius target of the Paris Agreement.
If the Paris Agreement targets are to be met, there may be very few years left for policy makers to start cutting emissions. Here we calculate by what year, at the latest, one has to take action to keep global warming below the 2 K target (relative to pre-industrial levels) at the year 2100 with a 67 % probability; we call this the point of no return (PNR).
* https://esd.copernicus.org/articles/9/1085/2018/ 
In a landmark report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, released Aug. 9, 234 authors relying on more than 14,000 studies stated that "it is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the atmosphere, ocean and land."
* https://www.ipcc.ch/assessment-report/ar6/ 
* https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2021/08/09/ipcc-climate-report-global-warming-greenhouse-gas-effect/
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As West Virginia Senator Manchin Threatens to Kill Climate Legislation
In the current election cycle, Mr. Manchin has received more campaign donations from the oil, coal and gas industries than any other senator
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/19/climate/manchin-climate-biden.html
: #PoliticoPay #MoneyinPolitics #DemocracyofDollars 
As they gather at U.N., world leaders face furious push to act quickly on climate change
‘We really are out of time,’ Secretary-General António Guterres warns, imploring countries to set aside political differences
With only six weeks left until a crucial global climate summit in Scotland, presidents and prime ministers also face pressure to set aside these diplomatic tensions and act quickly and collectively to slow the warming of the planet... This week’s U.N. General Assembly marks one of the last high-profile opportunities for countries to publicly commit to more ambitious, concrete action to cut greenhouse gas emissions ahead of November’s climate summit in Glasgow.
* https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2021/09/19/climate-change-united-nations/
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U.S. Congress 'Gets Its Last Best Chance at Meaningful Climate Action' 
Press Herald makes the point explicit... Will the Congress act??
* https://www.pressherald.com/2021/09/19/our-view-congress-gets-its-last-best-chance-at-meaningful-climate-action-2/
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Four Years of Climate Change Denial, the Trump Presidency's Lost Years
: History will calculate the cost of retreat by the U.S. President
: Planet is on catastrophic path to 2.7 degrees of warming, UN reports prior to International Summit in Glasgow
:: * https://ukcop26.org/
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:Google_News_-_On_Climate_Sept_2021.jpg
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:Google_News_-_On_Climate_Sept_2021_-_Catastrophic_2.jpg
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:Google_News_-_On_Climate_Sept_2021_-_Catastrophic_3.jpg
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:Google_News_-_On_Climate_Sept_2021_-_Catastrophic_4.jpg
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:Google_News_-_On_Climate_Sept_2021_-_Catastrophic_5.jpg
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:Google_News_-_On_Climate_Sept_2021_-_Catastrophic_6.jpg
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James Hansen: Rate of Global Warming During Next 25 Years Could Be Double What It Was in the Previous 50
Former NASA climate scientist James Hansen urged Congress decades ago to act on climate change. Now he says he expects reduced aerosol pollution to lead to a steep temperature rise
* https://insideclimatenews.org/news/15092021/global-warming-james-hansen-aerosols/
* https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/
James Hansen on irreversible climate change, fee and dividend and the fossil fuel industry
* https://youtu.be/QnG5q_md78k
Assessing ‘‘Dangerous Climate Change’’: Required Reduction of Carbon Emissions to Protect Young People, Future Generations and Nature
We assess climate impacts of global warming using ongoing observations and paleoclimate data. We use Earth’s measured energy imbalance, paleoclimate data, and simple representations of the global carbon cycle and temperature to define emission reductions needed to stabilize climate and avoid potentially disastrous impacts on today’s young people, future generations, and nature. A cumulative industrial-era limit of,500 GtC fossil fuel emissions and 100 GtC storage in the biosphere and soil would keep climate close to the Holocene range to which humanity and other species are adapted. Cumulative emissions of 1000 GtC, sometimes associated with 2uC global warming, would spur ‘‘slow’’ feedbacks and eventual warming of 3–4uC with disastrous consequences. Rapid emissions reduction is required to restore Earth’s energy balance and avoid ocean heat uptake that would practically guarantee irreversible effects. Continuation of high fossil fuel emissions, given current knowledge of the consequences, would be an act of extraordinary witting intergenerational injustice. Responsible policymaking requires a rising price on carbon emissions that would preclude emissions from most remaining coal and unconventional fossil fuels and phase down emissions from conventional fossil fuels.
Introduction
Humans are now the main cause of changes of Earth’s atmospheric composition and thus the drive for future climate change. The principal climate forcing, defined as an imposed change of planetary energy balance is increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) from fossil fuel emissions, much of which will remain in the atmosphere for millennia. The climate response to this forcing and society’s response to climate change are complicated by the system’s inertia, mainly due to the ocean and the ice sheets on Greenland and Antarctica together with the long residence time of fossil fuel carbon in the climate system. The inertia causes climate to appear to respond slowly to this human-made forcing, but further long-lasting responses can be locked in.
More than 170 nations have agreed on the need to limit fossil fuel emissions to avoid dangerous human-made climate change, as formalized in the 1992 Framework Convention on Climate Change. However, the stark reality is that global emissions have accelerated and new efforts are underway to massively expand fossil fuel extraction by drilling to increasing ocean depths and into the Arctic, squeezing oil from tar sands and tar shale, hydro-fracking to expand extraction of natural gas, developing exploitation of methane hydrates, and mining of coal via mountaintop removal and mechanized long-wall mining. The growth rate of fossil fuel emissions increased from 1.5%/year during 1980–2000 to 3%/year in 2000–2012, mainly because of increased coal use.
The Framework Convention does not define a dangerous level for global warming or an emissions limit for fossil fuels. European Union in 1996 proposed to limit global warming to 2uC relative to pre-industrial times based partly on evidence that many ecosystems are at risk with larger climate change. The 2uC target was reaffirmed in the 2009 ‘‘Copenhagen Accord’’ emerging from the 15th Conference of the Parties of the Framework Convention with specific language ‘‘We agree that deep cuts in global emissions are required according to science, as documented in the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report with a view to reduce global emissions so as to hold the increase in global temperature below 2 degrees Celsius...’’
A global warming target is converted to a fossil fuel emissions target with the help of global climate-carbon-cycle models, which reveal that eventual warming depends on cumulative carbon emissions, not on the temporal history of emissions. The emission limit depends on climate sensitivity, but central estimates, including those in the upcoming Fifth Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change are that a 2uC global warming limit implies a cumulative carbon emissions limit of the order of 1000 GtC. In comparing carbon emissions, note that some authors emphasize the sum of fossil fuel and deforestation carbon. We bookkeep fossil fuel and deforestation carbon separately, because the larger fossil fuel term is known more accurately and this carbon stays in the climate system for hundreds of thousands of years. Thus fossil fuel carbon is the crucial human input that must be limited. Deforestation carbon is more uncertain and potentially can be offset on the century time scale by storage in the biosphere, including the soil, via reforestation and improved agricultural and forestry practices. There are sufficient fossil fuel resources to readily supply 1000 GtC, as fossil fuel emissions to date (370 GtC) are only a small fraction of potential emissions from known reserves and potentially recoverable resources. Although there are uncertainties in reserves and resources, ongoing fossil fuel subsidies and continuing technological advances ensure that more and more of these fuels will be economically recoverable. As we will show, Earth’s paleoclimate record makes it clear that the CO2 produced by burning all or most of these fossil fuels would lead to a very different planet than the one that humanity knows. 
Our evaluation of a fossil fuel emissions limit is not based on climate models but rather on observational evidence of global climate change as a function of global temperature and on the fact that climate stabilization requires long-term planetary energy balance. We use measured global temperature and Earth’s measured energy imbalance to determine the atmospheric CO2 level required to stabilize climate at today’s global temperature, which is near the upper end of the global temperature range in the current interglacial period (the Holocene). We then examine climate impacts during the past few decades of global warming and in paleoclimate records including the Eemian period, concluding that there are already clear indications of undesirable impacts at the current level of warming and that 2uC warming would have major deleterious consequences. We use simple representations of the carbon cycle and global temperature, consistent with observations, to simulate transient global temperature and assess carbon emission scenarios that could keep global climate near the Holocene range. Finally, we discuss likely over-shooting of target emissions, the potential for carbon extraction from the atmosphere, and implications for energy and economic policies, as well as intergenerational justice... (www.plosone.org - Dec 2013)
Nationally determined contributions under the Paris Agreement 
UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
17 September 2021
Summary 
This version of the synthesis report on nationally determined contributions synthesizes information from the 164 latest available nationally determined contributions communicated by the 191 Parties to the Paris Agreement and recorded in the interim registry 
of nationally determined contributions as at 30 July 2021.''
* https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/cma2021_08_adv.pdf
Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Working Group)
09 August 2021
* https://www.ipcc.ch/2021/08/09/ar6-wg1-20210809-pr/
* https://www.ipcc.ch/assessment-report/ar6/
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U.S. President Biden Steps Up to the Challenge
: How much damage did the Trump years deliver to the security of the nation and planet?
::Turning around from abandonment of the critical tasks facing humanity
: File:Biden - clean energy ambitions.JPG
Ambitious Biden - Aims for nearly half nation's energy to come from solar by 2050
From 4% to 45%: Biden Offers Ambitious Blueprint for Solar Energy
* https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2021/09/08/biden-solar-climate-change/
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/08/business/energy-environment/biden-solar-energy-climate-change.html
DOE Solar Futures Study Provides Blueprint for Zero-Carbon Grid
Sept 8, 2021
* https://www.energy.gov/articles/doe-releases-solar-futures-study-providing-blueprint-zero-carbon-grid
New Report Shows Solar Energy Rapidly Expands, Generating More Electricity in 2035 than All Homes Consume Today and Creating Economic Opportunities Across America
WASHINGTON, D.C. — The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today released the Solar Futures Study detailing the significant role solar will play in decarbonizing the nation’s power grid. The study shows that by 2035, solar energy has the potential to power 40% of the nation’s electricity, drive deep decarbonization of the grid, and employ as much as 1.5 million people—without raising electricity prices. The study’s findings call for massive and equitable deployment of clean energy sources, underscoring the Biden Administration’s efforts to tackle the climate crisis and rapidly increase access to renewable power throughout the country...
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IPCC report: ‘Code red’ for human driven global heating
* https://strategicdemands.com/code-red-human-driven-global-heating/
This Is 'Code Red' 
 "We got to listen to the scientists and the economists, and the national security experts, they all tell us this is code red," Biden said... "The nation and the world are in peril. That's not hyperbole. That is a fact." 
* https://www.axios.com/biden-extreme-weather-this-code-red-e8fa9294-6b3c-4720-abac-1a4f94a3d7a3.html
August 9, 2021
'Climate change widespread, rapid, and intensifying – IPCC 6th Climate Assessment'
* https://www.ipcc.ch/2021/08/09/ar6-wg1-20210809-pr/
* https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/08/1097362
* https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/
* https://interactive-atlas.ipcc.ch/
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Extreme Weather: Hurricane Ida
Climate change’s ‘fingerprint’ seen in Ida flooding
“We saw one of the most rapid intensification events on record within 24 hours, going from a very weak hurricane to something right on the edge of a category five storm.” -- Michael E. Mann @MichaelEMann 
* https://t.co/iKASz4xdEn 
August 2021
Even in Australia, Where Climate Change Denial Is Rampant
 ‘Blistering temperatures’: Dark roofing banned on Sydney’s urban fringe
* https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/blistering-temperatures-dark-roofing-banned-on-sydney-s-urban-fringe-20210820-p58kma.html
Dark roofing will be banned in Sydney’s south-west growth area in an attempt by the NSW government to dial back the heat island effect while providing sorely needed new homes.
Lighter coloured roofs will be a mandatory part of the planning controls for the Wilton area, busting the march of Colorbond Ironstone that has long been synonymous with Australian urban sprawl.
Residential lots must also be big enough for a tree in every backyard under a new set of rules applauded by urban-heat scientists as a step towards addressing rising temperatures following the grim picture painted by the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report.
Time running out to limit warming -- Climate action needed now
* https://www.smh.com.au/environment/climate-change/still-in-the-control-cabin-time-running-out-to-limit-warming-ipcc-says-20210809-p58h9j.html
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Code Red: Now What? How Will We Respond?
Greta Thunberg (@GretaThunberg) Tweeted:
This basically sums up our current situation. The “code red” IPCC report came out a week ago. Since then not one politician has been held accountable. Not one politician has been asked how they are going to act in line with this. 
Thread 1/4 (Graph by @Peters_Glen) 
* https://t.co/1r4vljDzJw
* https://twitter.com/GretaThunberg/status/1427328275773280265
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Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 
* https://www.ipcc.ch/ 
* https://bit.ly/IPCCLIVE
* https://www.ipcc.ch/2021/08/05/press-conference-details-wgi-ar6/
* https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-i/
:
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Gulf Stream in Critical Danger
Consequences of Gulf Stream Collapse Would Be Catastrophic
Click on the following PDF for links to Google News articles online, local, national and global 
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/mw/images/Gulf_Stream_in_Critical_Danger.pdf
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July 2021
Via the NY Times 
July 29, 2021
The $1 trillion infrastructure deal reached by a bipartisan group of senators on Wednesday would make a significant down payment on President Biden’s ambitious environmental agenda. But the money for provisions to cut the pollution fueling climate change is a fraction of the $2 trillion that Mr. Biden once vowed to spend.
The plan, which has $550 billion in new spending, includes the first federal funds designated for “climate resilience” — to adapt and rebuild roads, ports and bridges to withstand the damages wrought by the rising sea levels, stronger storms and more devastating heat waves that will come as the planet continues to warm.
Hours after the deal was reached on Wednesday, the Senate voted 67 to 32 to take up the infrastructure bill, as Republicans joined Democrats in clearing the way for action on a crucial piece of President Biden’s agenda.
Though it falls short of Mr. Biden’s goals, the White House sees the bipartisan measure as a first step toward passing a separate $3.5 trillion bill that Democrats hope to push through on a party-line basis, over the objection of Republicans.
“As climate policy, this is an appetizer,” Senator Brian Schatz, Democrat of Hawaii, said of the package unveiled on Wednesday. “It’s not the main course.”
* https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/07/29/us/politics-news
 
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:
It's All Connected
You often hear @MichaelEMann say the models underestimate the connection... a connection between climate change and a more amp’d - wavy jet... you can see how when we have a natural wavy jet pattern, which is very established this spring/summer, climate change impacts enhance it, by having more energy in the system (heat and moisture) magnifying extremes.
* https://twitter.com/WeatherProf/status/1416370332638797824
* https://www.nature.com/articles/srep45242
Jennifer Francis of Woods Hole Research Institute drew the connection back in 2015. Viewing an increase in jet stream waviness, she and fellow authors concluded, “These results suggest that as the Arctic continues to warm faster than elsewhere in response to rising greenhouse-gas concentrations, the frequency of extreme weather events caused by persistent jet-stream patterns will increase...”
Some models which emphasize Arctic heating show a tripling by the end of the century. But if we can keep global heating under 2°C/3.6°F, we can likely avert those increases.
This is why we need dramatic reductions in burning coal, oil and natural gas beginning immediately, as well as in deforestation, another significant source of climate pollution. The emergence of radical impacts demands radical action. Business as usual is done. If we want to leave a world with which our children can cope, when the capacity of humanity and nature to adapt is stressed beyond the breaking point, we need to rise up as people and demand change now. 
* https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/10/1/014005
 
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'GOING BIG' ANNOUNCEMENT - JULY 14, 2021 | European Union Green Deal - Fit for 55
European Union launches new climate plan for "our children and grandchildren"
(AP) Landmark climate proposals
* https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/eu-climate-action_en
* https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/eu-climate-action/2030_ctp_en
* https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/strategies/2050_en
BRUSSELS — The European Union unveiled sweeping new legislation Wednesday to help meet its pledge to cut emissions of the gases that cause global warming by 55% over this decade, including a controversial plan to tax foreign companies for the pollution they cause.
Press Release: Fit for 55: The EU’s deep and whole-economy decarbonisation
The package is intended to implement the goal of reducing average EU carbon emissions by 55% in 2030.
EU Commission Work Programme
* https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_21_3541
* https://voxeurop.eu/en/fit-for-55-carbon-pricing-could-become-reality/
* https://eu.boell.org/en/2021/07/07/fit-for-55
* http://www.aalep.eu/fit-55-legislative-package
Seeking to transform everything from heating to transport, the European Union is seeking to expand its flagship carbon market. The bloc also wants accelerate the rate at which companies from utilities to steelmakers and cement producers are forced to curb pollution.
The legislation proposed by the EU's executive branch, the European Commission, encompasses about a dozen major proposals, ranging from the de-facto phasing out of gasoline and diesel cars by 2035 to new levies on gases from heating buildings.
They involve a revamp of the bloc's emissions trading program, under which companies pay for carbon dioxide they emit, and introduce taxes on shipping and aviation fuels for the first time.
The European Commission's proposals will need to be negotiated and approved by EU member states and the European Parliament.
The Green Deal 'Fit for 55' proposals would impose tariffs on some imports from countries with less strict rules on protecting the environment. It would also mean the end of sales in the European Union of new gas- and diesel-powered cars in just 14 years.
Many carmakers have already announced huge investments in electrification, partly in anticipation of tougher emissions targets, but want to know whether the EU will back them by building public charging stations, and how soon it wants hybrid electric/combustion vehicles to be phased out.
"By 2040, most carmakers' models will be pretty much electrified anyway," said Nick Parker, a managing director at consultancy AlixPartners. "The question is whether they (the EU) might try to force the journey along the way or leave it up to individual carmakers to decide that path for themselves."
The changes would help the EU cut emissions by at least 55% from 1990 levels by 2030 and reach net zero by 2050. They’d also set a precedent for other nations seeking to clean up their economies to avert catastrophic rises in global temperatures ahead of climate talks in Scotland later this year.
"By acting now we can do things another way... and choose a better, healthier and more prosperous way for the future," European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said on Wednesday (July 14, 2021).
"It is our generational task... [to secure] the wellbeing of not only our generation, but of our children and grandchildren. Europe is ready to lead the way."
The overhaul, the biggest since the Emissions Trading System was created in 2005, would raise to 4.2% the rate at which the pollution cap shrinks each year from 2.2% now, according to the proposals unveiled on Wednesday. The EU would also expand its carbon market to include shipping and start an adjacent emissions-trading program for heating and transport fuels. Expectations of stricter rules has already help send carbon prices to a record this year. EU carbon prices almost doubled over the past year.
“This reform could be the most crucial change to the EU ETS so far,” said Marco Mensink, director general of the European Chemical Industry Council. “We have to get it right. It has to not only set the framework for emissions reductions but also help create breakthrough technologies we urgently need.
The measures are part of a broader package to bring every sector of the EU’s economy in line with the stricter emissions goal agreed under the ambitious Green Deal. The EU ETS, a cap-and-trade program that’s a central pillar of the bloc’s strategy to cut greenhouse gases, has already brought emissions down in the past 16 years to a level just shy of its existing 2030 goal of 43%.
The plan to create an emissions trading system (ETS) for transport and buildings has been denounced as “politically suicidal” and “a huge political mistake” by Pascal Canfin, the chair of the European parliament’s environment committee and a key Macron ally. “It’s a very bad idea,” he said.
In a stark warning, he said the commission was “going to trap” lower middle class families. Hardest hit would be people in regions with poor public transport and tenants who could not pay for energy efficiency upgrades to their homes, he said. “It’s a huge political mistake, including for the European project,” Canfin said.
The French government, which takes over the EU’s rotating presidency in 2022, was forced to abandon a fuel tax rise in 2018 after a fierce backlash from gilets jaunes (yellow vest) protesters.
Apart from criticisms coming from some quarters, a consensus has formed that Europe will be out in front in confronting the climate crisis. The hope is that an aggressive economic and coordinated European campaign to meet the climate change challenge will act to motivate countries across the globe to take similar aggressive action.
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Historic NASA and European Space Agency Agreement on Climate Science Cooperation
* https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-esa-partner-in-new-effort-to-address-global-climate-change
* https://spacenews.com/nasa-and-esa-sign-agreement-on-climate-science-cooperation/
* https://phys.org/news/2021-07-nasa-european-space-agency-climate.html
WASHINGTON — NASA and the European Space Agency have agreed to cooperate on future Earth science missions and related activities in an effort to better understand climate change.
The leaders of the two agencies signed a joint statement of intent in a virtual meeting July 13, declaring their plans to cooperate on Earth science research, particularly involving climate change, ranging from missions to research and applications.
“Climate change is an all-hands-on deck, global challenge that requires action now,” NASA Administrator Bill Nelson said in a statement about the agreement. “This agreement will set the standard for future international collaboration, providing the information that is so essential for tackling the challenges posed by climate change and helping to answer and address the most pressing questions in Earth science for the benefit of the United States, Europe, and the world.”
The partnership was formalized through a joint statement of intent, signed Tuesday, which outlines how the agencies will collaborate to ensure continuity of Earth observations; advance understanding of the Earth System, climate change and application of that knowledge; and collaborate on an open data policy that promotes open sharing of data, information, and knowledge within the scientific community and the wider public.
“Together, NASA and ESA provide most of the world’s Earth science coverage through our Earth-observing satellites,” said Thomas Zurbuchen, NASA associate administrator for science. “This transformative agreement will build on that capability, forging a critical international climate science partnership to tackle the most challenging climate questions in an integrated and strategic way. Not only will NASA and ESA work together to deliver unparalleled Earth science observations, research, and applications, but all of our findings will also be free and open for the benefit of the entire world as we work together to combat and mitigate climate change.”
“This is a massive step-up from anything we’ve ever done,” Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for science at NASA, told FLORIDA TODAY.
“It’s more strategic, multi-mission, multi-science as opposed to just mission by mission which is how we’ve worked before.”
Of particular interest to coastal regions like Florida, at the frontlines of the impacts of sea-level rise, NASA and ESA are planning to extend Earth science research including Sentinel-6, flying two satellites to continue a three-decade record of sea level measurements. The Sentinel monitoring and tracking program includes NASA and ESA, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in the United States and the European Commission, Eumetsat and French space agency CNES in Europe. NASA launched the first European-built Sentinel-6 satellite in November 2020.
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Sea-Level_Rise
Recently NASA announced that it would pursue a series of missions called the Earth System Observatory, implementing recommendations of the 2018 decadal survey. NASA requested a $250 million increase for Earth science in its fiscal year 2022 budget proposal in May, and a House bill advanced by an appropriations subcommittee July 12 included that increase.
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Via CleanTechnica
Climate Change: From Heating Human Bodies To Baking The Earth
The climate activist Bill McKibben says we need to remind ourselves how the recent novel temperatures are affecting the planet itself. 
Heat Stifles & Strains Grids In U.S. West
Mutually worsening heat and drought, both fueled by climate change, are stifling the American West, stoking wildfire fears and straining electrical grids — and the worst is far from over... 
 
June 2021
Devastating News: Climate Change Impacts to Hit Sooner than Predicted
* https://phys.org/news/2021-06-climate-impacts-sooner.html
Climate change will fundamentally reshape life on Earth in the coming decades, even if humans can tame planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions, according to a landmark draft report from the UN's climate science advisors obtained by AFP.
Species extinction, more widespread disease, unliveable heat, ecosystem collapse, cities menaced by rising seas—these and other devastating climate impacts are accelerating and bound to become painfully obvious before a child born today turns 30.
The choices societies make now will determine whether our species thrives or simply survives as the 21st century unfolds, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) says in a draft report seen exclusively by AFP.
But dangerous thresholds are closer than once thought, and dire consequences stemming from decades of unbridled carbon pollution are unavoidable in the short term.
"The worst is yet to come, affecting our children's and grandchildren's lives much more than our own."
Crushing Climate Impacts: Draft UN report
PARIS (AFP) / June 23, 2021 - Climate change will fundamentally reshape life on Earth in the coming decades, even if humans can tame planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions, according to a landmark draft report from the UN's climate science advisers obtained by Agence France-Presse.
Species extinction, more widespread disease, unliveable heat, ecosystem collapse, cities menaced by rising seas - these and other devastating climate impacts are accelerating and bound to become painfully obvious before a child born today turns 30.
The choices societies make now will determine whether our species thrives or simply survives as the 21st century unfolds, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) says in a draft report seen exclusively by AFP...
"The worst is yet to come, affecting our children's and grandchildren's lives much more than our own," the report says.
By far the most comprehensive catalogue ever assembled of how climate change is upending our world, the report reads like a 4,000-page indictment of humanity's stewardship of the planet.
But the document, designed to influence critical policy decisions, is not scheduled for release until February 2022 - too late for crunch UN summits this year on climate, biodiversity and food systems...
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Ground Temperatures Hit 118 Degrees in the Arctic Circle
* https://gizmodo.com/ground-temperatures-hit-118-degrees-in-the-arctic-circl-1847144505
The 118-degree-Fahrenheit temperature was measured on the ground in Verkhojansk, in Yakutia, Eastern Siberia, by the European Space Agency’s Copernicus Sentinel satellites.
* https://www.copernicus.eu/en/media/image-day-gallery/land-surface-temperature-sakha-republic
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Citizens Climate Lobby / Save Our Future Act
June 16, 2021
Today ⁦‪@SenWhitehouse‬⁩ and ⁦‪@SenBrianSchatz‬⁩ introduced the #SaveOurFutureAct, an ambitious #PriceOnPollution bill that would reduce emissions, address environmental justice concerns, and invest in coal community transitions. 
* https://twitter.com/citizensclimate/status/1405268994269999106
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxhAtAWwX5Q
* https://www.whitehouse.senate.gov/news/release/whitehouse-and-schatz-introduce-save-our-future-act-to-charge-big-polluters-for-emissions-redirect-trillions-to-american-families-and-communities-harmed-by-pollution
* https://www.edf.org/media/senators-whitehouse-and-schatz-introduce-bill-cut-climate-and-air-pollution-across-economy
* https://www.wri.org/insights/innovative-us-bill-tackles-climate-change-local-pollution-and-economic-inequality
Via E&E News / June 16, 2021
Infrastructure / Clean Energy / American Jobs Plan 
* https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/03/31/fact-sheet-the-american-jobs-plan/
Progressives escalate climate demands
"There has to be an absolute unbreakable guarantee that climate has to be at the center of any infrastructure deal that we cut," Sen. Ed Markey of Massachusetts said at a news conference with Senator Jeff Merkley of Oregon... If there is no climate, there is no deal."
* https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/558860-tensions-grow-between-liberals-and-centrists-on-infrastructure
* https://www.eenews.net/stories/1063735103
Sen. Ed Markey (D-Mass.) and Sen. Jeff Merkley (D-Ore.) ramped up the pressure with a news conference yesterday in which they said Congress should pass an infrastructure and climate deal by the August recess, or stay in town if it's not wrapped up.
"We need to move forward with 50 Democratic votes now that the Republicans have shown us they are not serious about creating clean energy jobs, jump-starting a clean energy revolution or adding the standards and investments we need to attack this crisis," Markey said.
To support a deal with the group of 10, Merkley said he would need to have 50 votes for a reconciliation vote in hand before the bipartisan bill "ever goes to the floor."
"We're telling you today we're going to get this deal," Merkley said. "We cannot let the American people down, and we cannot let our planet down. This has to be part of the deal."
House Budget Chairman John Yarmuth (D-Ky.) said yesterday that the administration is giving the bipartisan Senate talks "a week or 10 days more, and that's about it."
He said his committee will mark up a budget resolution with reconciliation instructions that cover the entirety of Biden's American Jobs Plan and American Families Plan, including "social" infrastructure and climate. That would set the stage for a partisan reconciliation bill.
Should a bipartisan deal emerge, "we just take that part out of the instructions," Yarmuth said.
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In Deep Water
Tasked to Fight Climate Change, a Secretive U.N. Agency Does the Opposite
Behind closed doors, shipbuilders and miners can speak on behalf of governments while regulating an industry that pollutes as much as all of America’s coal plants
Investigative report on international shipping and its voluminous emissions -- and the difficulties of turning these ships toward a cleaner climate
NY Times investigation led by Matt Apuzzon
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/03/world/europe/climate-change-un-international-maritime-organization.html
* https://www.imo.org/
* https://seekingalpha.com/article/4040332-is-eu-undermining-un-efforts-to-curb-maritime-pollution
* https://marketanalysis.com/carbon-free-shipping-all-electric-powertrain-tugboats-powered-by-battery-and-hydrogen-fuel-cell/
* https://insideclimatenews.org/news/22022019/shipping-pollution-imo-heavy-fuel-oil-ban-black-carbon-measures-united-nations/
Comments
McName
Falmouth - June 3
So the stuff they use on vessels is called Bunker C oil, sometimes residual oil or Number 6 oil. When they refine oil from the ground, you get your diesel oil for cars (which is then further refined to remove practically all the sulfur in it), gasoline, kerosene , etc., what you have at the bottom of the barrel is this black slug called bunker C. It has everything you do not want going into air but it is cheap and works well in boilers that have zero environmental controls like large ocean going cargo vessels. Nowadays even peaking unit natural gas turbines that use high grade distillate oil as a backup when the natural gas supply is disrupted, the distilled has as much sulfur as natural gas which is to say practically none. Anyway cargo vessels like to use Bunker C not only because its cheap but because it has a very high flash point which makes it safe, an important point for a vessel a thousand miles away from any land. But when you burn Bunker C, wow does it put out not only tons and tons of CO2 and SO2 but also a toxic brew of everything under the sun. It is bad stuff.
* https://wiki.anton-paar.com/en/bunker-oil-marine-fuel-oil/
* https://www.corrosionpedia.com/definition/196/bunker-oil
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In Alaska -- Dealing with a Previous Administration's Drilling Decisions
Political Playbook: Biden administration struggles to define an achievable environmental agenda
In a paradox worthy of Kafka, ConocoPhillips plans to install “chillers” into the permafrost — which is thawing fast because of climate change — to keep it solid enough to drill for oil, the burning of which will continue to worsen ice melt...
Over the past 60 years, Alaska has warmed more than twice as fast as the rest of the United States. Arctic ecosystems are in disarray, sea ice is disappearing, sea levels are rising and the ground is thawing...
This month the world’s leading energy agency warned that governments around the globe must stop approving fossil fuel projects now if they want to keep the increase in average global temperatures below 2 degrees Celsius, compared with preindustrial levels. That’s the threshold beyond which scientists say the Earth will experience irreversible damage.
Press officers at the White House, the Interior Department and the Justice Department all declined to comment on how the administration’s recent decisions align with its climate pledges. 
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/28/climate/biden-fossil-fules-climate-Willow.html
Biden to Suspend Trump’s Eleventh-Hour Oil Leases in Arctic
Arctic oil leases were sold two weeks before Trump left office
Interior Department to conduct fresh environmental analysis
* https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-01/biden-to-suspend-trump-s-eleventh-hour-oil-leases-in-arctic
 
May 2021
:
Lawsuits, Court Orders, Investor Activism
 "Big Oil is at a tipping point" 
* https://www.wsj.com/articles/climate-ruling-could-force-big-change-at-shell-11622131737
* https://www.npr.org/2021/05/28/1000882311/big-oil-faces-a-reckoning-decades-in-the-making
* https://www.cnbc.com/2021/05/27/big-oil-defeats-represent-a-watershed-moment-in-the-climate-battle.html
* https://grist.org/energy/why-climate-rage-hit-exxon-chevron-and-shell-on-the-same-day/
* https://www.reuters.com/business/legal/big-oil-may-get-more-climate-lawsuits-after-shell-ruling-lawyers-activists-2021-05-28/
* https://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-General/Moodys-Credit-Risk-Is-Growing-For-Big-Oil.html
* https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/may/27/cataclysmic-day-for-oil-companies-sparks-climate-hope
 
Climate Action Advocates Win 2 Seats on Exxon’s Board
HOUSTON, TEXAS — Big Oil was knocked down a peg on Wednesday when shareholders of Exxon Mobil dealt the company’s management a stunning defeat by electing at least two board candidates nominated by activist investors who pledged to steer the company away from oil and gas and toward cleaner energy...
* https://engine1.com/
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/26/business/exxon-mobil-climate-change.html
* https://justcapital.com/news/why-engine-no-1-is-taking-on-exxonmobil-in-arguably-the-biggest-proxy-battle-of-the-season/
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/27/business/dealbook/exxon-mobil-engine-no-1.html
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 🥵 When it gets Too Hot....
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Net Zero by 2050
The International Energy Agency weighs in with 'A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector' 
May 2021
* https://www.iea.org/reports/net-zero-by-2050
IEA Full Report / PDF
GIF
End new oil, gas and coal funding to reach net zero, says IEA
Investors should not fund new oil, gas and coal supply projects if the world wants to reach net zero emissions by mid-century, the International Energy Agency (IEA) announced today (May 18, 2021), in the top global watchdog's starkest warning yet to curb fossil fuels.
"The pathway to net zero is narrow but still achievable. If we want to reach net zero by 2050 we do not need any more investments in new oil, gas and coal projects."
* https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/radical-change-needed-reach-net-zero-emissions-iea-2021-05-18/
No place for new fossil fuels if world is to reach net zero by 2050, says landmark report
Roadmap comes just months before UK hosts major global climate summit
Via The Independent
* https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/fossil-fuels-end-net-zero-b1848938.html
The International Energy Agency Issues a Landmark Statement About Fossil Fuels
Our hope for a livable world rests on a series of crucial sentences
By Bill McKibben 
Via The New Yorker
* https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-international-energy-agency-issues-a-milestone-statement-about-fossil-fuels
The crucial turning points of the climate era can be found in a series of sentences, some of them pretty opaque, but all of them critical. The latest came on Tuesday morning in a report from the International Energy Agency, in Paris, and it could very well signal the start of the end of the fossil-fuel era. So it’s important to first set it in the context of a few other such statements.
In 1995, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change said, “The balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate.” Ever since NASA’s Jim Hansen told Congress, in 1988, that climate change was under way, the world’s scientists and governments had been scrambling to reach workable conclusions on which to base policy. This sentence was the key line of the I.P.C.C.’s Second Assessment Report: close observers understood that, over the objections of countries such as Saudi Arabia, the world’s scientific community was announcing, irrevocably, that global warming was very real.
In 2015, in Article 2 of the Paris climate accord, the world’s governments committed to “holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change.” This was the first time that the world had set a solid target, and that target was a hard one: holding the rise in warming as close as possible to 1.5 degrees Celsius, a goal urged by climate activists and the most vulnerable nations.
In 2018, the I.P.C.C. reported on what it would take to meet that Paris goal, saying, “In model pathways with no or limited overshoot of 1.5°C, global net anthropogenic CO2 emissions decline by about 45% from 2010 levels by 2030 (40–60% interquartile range), reaching net zero around 2050 (2045–2055 interquartile range).” Translation: if you want to have any chance of limiting warming to 1.5 degrees, you have to cut emissions in half by 2030, and to net zero by 2050.
The statement on Tuesday from the I.E.A. is a recommendation. It reads, “There is no need for investment in new fossil fuel supply in our net zero pathway. Beyond projects already committed as of 2021, there are no new oil and gas fields approved for development in our pathway, and no new coal mines or mine extensions are required.” That emphasis is in the original—in fact, in the new report that sentence is in headline-size type, as well it should be. It says that, after two hundred and fifty years, in the view of the I.E.A., the time has come to stop exploring for oil, gas, and coal. No rational plan for getting to 1.5 degrees (or anywhere near it) can deal with any new supply. Instead, the “the focus for oil and gas producers switches entirely to output—and emissions reductions—from the operation of existing assets.” That is, we obviously can’t stop burning fossil fuel tomorrow, but we have to be headed decisively in that direction—which means stopping the development of new fields and draining what we must from existing fields to hold us over until we’ve built enough solar panels and wind turbines.
This message comes from a credible source—indeed, the I.E.A. has always been captive to the fossil-fuel industry, or at least to the countries, such as the United States, where that industry has held sway. For years, its forecasts of how fast renewable energy would spread were understatements; it was an engine of the status quo.
But now governments and corporations, pushed by civil society—and, perhaps, by a recognition of our climate plight—are suddenly committing to net-zero targets. Virtually all the big banks, for instance, have made this pledge. And now the I.E.A. has told them what it means. If they’re serious about it, they don’t just have to lend money to people who want to set up solar panels. (Clearly, they have to do that. “Policies need to be designed,” the report says, “to send market signals that unlock new business models and mobilise private spending, especially in emerging economies.”) Just as important, they must now stop doing what they’ve long been doing, which is pumping trillions of dollars into fossil fuels....
The fact that the I.E.A. is now saying this so loudly and clearly will be an immeasurable boost to campaigners around the world who have been working to block the fossil-fuel industry and its backers among the banks, insurance companies, and asset managers. It’s also a reflection of how much the world is changing. Part of that is due to the election of Joe Biden, of course, but the sheer logic of the scientific argument can eventually cut through even vested interest. It’s been an agonizing three-plus decades since Hansen’s warning, and that vested interest may have delayed action too long; waiting until the icecaps were actually melting was an incredible mistake.
But the strength of these four sentences is what our hope for a livable world rests on, the intellectual scaffolding erected by science and reason—and the passion of hardworking activists—on which to base our future. We will all find out if they’re strong enough for that daunting task.
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National Parks of the US Plan for Change
As climate change hits, a new directive -- “Resist, Accept, Direct” -- arrives to help park employees triage species and landscapes, assess risks when relocating species, save plants and animals that can no longer survive in their natural habitat.
“We weren’t being trained on how to manage for change... We were being trained on how to keep things like they were in the past.”
“You have a whole profession of people having to shift how we think.” 
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/18/climate/national-parks-climate-change.html
 
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Facebook's Climate of Deception: How Viral Misinformation Fuels the Climate Emergency
* https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/en/facebook_climate_misinformation/
* https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/en/disinfo_hub/
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Global heating pace risks ‘unstoppable’ sea level rise as Antarctic ice sheet melts
World faces ‘abrupt jump’ in pace of ice loss around 2060 unless emissions reduced to meet Paris agreement goals, (another) study warns
* https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/may/05/antarctica-ice-sheet-melting-global-heating-sea-level-rise-study
Findings 
- The current pace of global heating risks unleashing “rapid and unstoppable” sea level rise from the melting of Antarctica’s vast ice sheet
- Unless planet-heating emissions are swiftly reduced to meet the goals of the Paris climate agreement, the world faces a situation where there is an “abrupt jump” in the pace of Antarctic ice loss around 2060
“Once you put enough heat into the climate system, you are going to lose those ice shelves, and once that is set in motion you can’t reverse it. The oceans would have to cool back down before the ice sheet could heal, which would take a very long time. On a societal timescale it would essentially be a permanent change... It’s really the next few decades that will determine the sea level rise from Antarctica. These ice shelves won’t be able to just grow back.” -- Robert DeConto, University of Massachusetts
Antarctic ‘doomsday glacier’ may be melting faster than was thought
* https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/apr/30/antarctic-doomsday-glacier-may-be-melting-faster-than-was-thought
The fate of Thwaites – nicknamed the doomsday glacier – and the massive west Antarctic ice sheet it supports are the biggest unknown factors in future global sea level rise.
Over the past few years, teams of scientists have been crisscrossing the remote and inaccessible region on Antarctica’s western edge to try to understand how fast the ice is melting and what the consequences for the rest of the world might be.
“What happens in west Antarctica is of great societal importance,” said Dr Robert Larter, a scientist with the British Antarctic Survey and principal investigator with the International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration, the most ambitious research project ever carried out in Antarctica. “This is the biggest uncertainty in future sea level rise.”
🌎 
April 2021
Solar Energy Price Revolution by Bill McKibben
April 29, 2021 / excerpted from The New Yorker
Earth Week has come and gone, leaving behind an ankle-deep and green-tinted drift of reports, press releases, and earnest promises from C.E.O.s and premiers alike that they are planning to become part of the solution. There were contingent signs of real possibility—if some of the heads of state whom John Kerry called on to make Zoom speeches appeared a little strained, at least they appeared. (Scott Morrison, the Prime Minister of Australia, the most carbon-emitting developed nation per capita, struggled to make his technology work.) But, if you want real hope, the best place to look may be a little noted report from the London-based think tank Carbon Tracker Initiative.
Titled “The Sky’s the Limit,” it begins by declaring that “solar and wind potential is far higher than that of fossil fuels and can meet global energy demand many times over.” Taken by itself, that’s not a very bold claim: scientists have long noted that the sun directs more energy to the Earth in an hour than humans use in a year. But, until very recently, it was too expensive to capture that power. That’s what has shifted—and so quickly and so dramatically that most of the world’s politicians are now living on a different planet than the one we actually inhabit. On the actual Earth, circa 2021, the report reads, “with current technology and in a subset of available locations we can capture at least 6,700 PWh p.a. [petawatt-hours per year] from solar and wind, which is more than 100 times global energy demand.” And this will not require covering the globe with solar arrays: “The land required for solar panels alone to provide all global energy is 450,000 km2, 0.3% of the global land area of 149 million km2. That is less than the land required for fossil fuels today, which in the US alone is 126,000 km2, 1.3% of the country.” These are the kinds of numbers that reshape your understanding of the future.
We haven’t yet fully grasped this potential because it’s happened so fast. In 2015, zero per cent of solar’s technical potential was economically viable—the small number of solar panels that existed at that time had to be heavily subsidized. But prices for solar energy have collapsed so fast over the past three years that sixty per cent of that potential is already economically viable. And, because costs continue to slide with every quarter, solar energy will be cheaper than fossil fuels almost everywhere on the planet by the decade’s end. (It’s a delicious historical irony that this evolution took place, entirely by coincidence, during the Administration of Donald Trump, even as he ranted about how solar wasn’t “strong enough” and was “very, very expensive.”) The Carbon Tracker report, co-written by Kingsmill Bond, is full of fascinating points, such as how renewable energy is the biggest gift of all for some of the poorest nations, including in Africa, where solar potential outweighs current energy use by a factor of more than a thousand. Only a few countries—Singapore, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and a handful of European countries—are “stretched” in their ability to rely on renewables, because they both use a lot of energy and have little unoccupied land. In these terms, Germany is in the third-worst position, and the fact that it is nonetheless one of the world’s leaders in renewable energy should be a powerful signal: “If the Germans can find solutions, then so can everyone else.” 
The numbers in the report are overwhelming—even if the analysts are too optimistic by half, we’ll still be swimming in cheap solar energy. “We have established that technical and economic barriers have been crossed by falling costs. It follows that the main remaining barrier to change is the ability of incumbents to manipulate political forces to stop change,” the report reads. Indeed. And the problem is that we need that change to happen right now, because the curves of damage from the climate crisis are as steep as the curves of falling solar prices. Given three or four decades, economics will clearly take care of the problem—the low price of solar power will keep pushing us to replace liquid fuels with electricity generated from the sun, and, eventually, no one will have a gas boiler in the basement or an internal-combustion engine in the car. But, if the transition takes three or four decades, no one will have an ice cap in the Arctic, either, and everyone who lives near a coast will be figuring out where on earth to go.
Change is hard. The job of politicians is to make it easier for those affected, so that what must happen can happen—and within the time we’ve been allotted by physics. But that hard job is infinitely easier now that renewable energy is suddenly so cheap. The falling price puts the wind at our backs, as it were. It’s the greatest gift we could have been given as a civilization, and we dare not waste it.
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Solar-Wind Infographic
- Solar and wind potential is far higher than that of fossil fuels and can meet global energy demand many times over, unlocking huge benefits for society.
- With current technology and in a subset of available locations we can capture at least 6,700 PWh p.a. from solar and wind, which is more than 100 times global energy demand.
- The collapse in renewable costs in the last three years means that half of this solar and wind technical potential now has economic potential, and by the end of the decade it will be over 90%.
- The land required for solar panels alone to provide all global energy is 450,000 km2, 0.3% of the global land area of 149 million km2 – less than the current land footprint of fossil fuel infrastructure. This differs by country (see interactive global map at 'Sky's the Limit')
* https://carbontracker.org/reports/the-skys-the-limit-solar-wind/
* https://carbontracker.org/solar-and-wind-can-meet-world-energy-demand-100-times-over-renewables/
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:
Earth Day Summit
Coming This Week on Earth Day, April 22
Timelapse from Google Earth
Welcome to Timelapse!
Rebecca Moore, Director, Google Earth, Earth Engine & Outreach: 
To explore Timelapse in Google Earth, go to g.co/Timelapse — choose any place on the planet where you want to see time in motion. 
Google Earth Timelapse
: Launch Date: April 15, 2021
* http://goo.gle/timelapse
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The Carbon Mapper Partnership
Welcome to the Carbon Mapper Program
::Carbon Mapper
::
:NASA’s Earth sciences mission --- focused on supporting a strong, data-driven response to the climate crisis.
:::::Planet API --- Earth Science Research from Space --- Earth Science Vital Signs
 
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Via E&E News 
U.S. intelligence experts warn of unchecked climate change
SECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE (PDF)
National security and intelligence experts warn that climate change could become a “catastrophic” threat to security and recommended quick action to be taken to mitigate risks
* https://climateandsecurity.org/a-security-threat-assessment-of-global-climate-change/
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Mauna Loa Observatory CO2 
April 2021 - New record high
"For the first time in recorded history, the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide, or CO2, was measured at more than 420 parts per million at the Mauna Loa Observatory on the Big Island of Hawaii."
 
: * https://research.noaa.gov/article/ArtMID/587/ArticleID/2636/Rise-of-carbon-dioxide-unabated
: * https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/monthly.html
: * https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/weekly.html
: * https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/
:
 
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March 2021
 
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"Banking on Climate Chaos" (PDF)"
Introduction: This report analyzes fossil fuel financing from the world’s 60 largest commercial and investment banks — aggregating their leading roles in lending and underwriting of debt and equity issuances — and finds that these banks poured a total of $3.8 trillion into fossil fuels from 2016–2020.
:1. Fossil fuel financing dropped 9% last year, parallel to the global drop in fossil fuel demand and production due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
:2. And yet 2020 levels remained higher than in 2016, the year immediately following the adoption of the Paris Agreement. 
60 largest banks in the world invested $3.8 trillion in fossil fuels: Report
"Despite the economic recession induced by the coronavirus pandemic, more money went into the industry in 2020 than in 2016"
The world’s 60 biggest banks have financed the fossil fuel industry to the tune of nearly $4 trillion in the five years since the Paris climate agreement, according to a report released March 24th by a coalition of environmental organizations.
The report was authored by Rainforest Action Network, BankTrack, Indigenous Environmental Network, Oil Change International, Reclaim Finance, and Sierra Club, and is endorsed by over 300 organizations from 50 countries around the world. 
* https://www.marketwatch.com/story/major-banks-including-jpmorgan-and-citi-have-invested-3-8-trillion-in-fossil-fuels-since-the-paris-agreement-11616635285
* https://www.commondreams.org/newswire/2021/03/24/new-report-worlds-60-largest-banks-have-poured-38-trillion-fossil-fuels-paris-0
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Endless Summer? Climate Crisis Could Lengthen Hottest Temperatures by Six Months 
* https://www.ecowatch.com/endless-summer-climate-crisis
Coming episodes of high heat and high humidity — known as extreme wet-bulb (TW) temperature 
TW temps that go beyond the limits of human survival
Above a wet-bulb temperature of 35 Celsius, or 95 degrees Fahrenheit, the body cannot cool down, as sweat on the skin can no longer evaporate. Prolonged exposure to such conditions can be fatal, even for healthy people... 
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/08/climate/climate-change-heat-tropics.html
* https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-021-00695-3
* https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab7d04
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Atlantic currents seem to have started fading last century
: Another predicted impact of climate change may be here
* https://arstechnica.com/science/2021/02/atlantic-currents-seem-to-have-started-fading-last-century/
* https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-021-00699-z
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC)—one of Earth’s major ocean circulation systems—redistributes heat on our planet and has a major impact on climate. Here, we compare a variety of published proxy records to reconstruct the evolution of the AMOC since about ad 400. A fairly consistent picture of the AMOC emerges: after a long and relatively stable period, there was an initial weakening starting in the nineteenth century, followed by a second, more rapid, decline in the mid-twentieth century, leading to the weakest state of the AMOC occurring in recent decades. 
February 2021
From the Texas Monthly reporting on the state's energy crisis brought on by a surge of 'freezing Arctic weather'
Prepare now Texas, 'winterize' your power generation system -- the warming climate and melting Arctic are Texas problems... and shifts in the 'polar vortex' are sending you, the oil/gas/fossil fuel capitol of the US, a signal 
Resilience and planning are needed, not a blame game targeting interstate cooperation and renewable energy sources as the enemy 
:(Texas does) not have the legal authority to require power companies to winterize. That’s left up to the Texas Legislature and other state agencies. (In the days following the blackouts, Governor Greg Abbott called on the Legislature to consider approving a statewide winterization mandate.) 
:While some legislators have pointed their fingers at ERCOT or have used the blackouts to blame wind and renewable energy, much of the responsibility actually lies with the lawmakers themselves, according to a prominent energy expert. “This is not a pin the tail on the donkey issue. This is a systematic failure,” he said. “It’s an abject failure of policy and planning, not of technology.”
:Carey King, the assistant director of the University of Texas’s Energy Institute, says Texas doesn’t need to change its market rules to ensure (that the Texas electrical) ERCOT grid is more reliable. “We need to make a change in policy to fix the situation,” King says. “The simplest way is probably to have a separate policy that mandates winterization and that has an independent verification process.” Yet even if lawmakers approve a winterization mandate this Legislative session, it will be cold comfort to the millions of Texans who went without power and heat for extended periods this week.
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Top of the News @GreenPolicy360
:U.S. Officially Back in the Global Climate Accord
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Bill Gates: How the world can avoid a climate disaster
"Without innovation, we will not solve climate change. We won't even come close."
Watch on 60 Minutes 
* https://www.cbsnews.com/video/bill-gates-climate-change-60-minutes-2021-02-14/
::::
Via the Washington Post:
So what does the future look like? What can we expect on the climate?
Bill Gates: I still am optimistic. I think that if people see how broad the work has to be and how critical innovation is across all these many different areas, and apply the resources, I think we can get to zero by 2050. People who think it’s easy are almost as much of a problem as people who think it doesn’t matter. You know, first I have to convince people it’s hard, and then I have to say, “And, by the way, innovation, properly accelerated, is more magical than you think.” Particularly if we take five approaches for every problem and therefore, even if only one of the five works, we’ll be okay.
 
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GreenPolicy360:
The time is now for a redefinition of security threats. Our GreenPolicy360 / Strategic Demands point of view is coming into a wider acceptance by more 'planet citizens', especially young people across the globe, in all nations.... a new 21st century vision is taking place right in front of us. 
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/New_Definitions_of_National_Security
* https://strategicdemands.com/now-is-the-time-to-advance-new-definitions-of-national-security/
From the new U.S. Biden administration and throughout the governing leadership, with executive orders and follow-on legislative actions, a strong push to redefine real security is rolling out.
Here, Michael E. Mann begins to capture the moment in a USA Today opinion:
* https://amp.usatoday.com/amp/4336625001
Now, Biden is gathering his council to assess the current and future dangers in this fight, including all 17 intelligence agencies; a general on the international front, John Kerry, who will also have a seat on the National Security Council and will direct our diplomatic efforts abroad; and another general on the domestic front, former Environmental Protection Agency administrator Gina McCarthy, who will coordinate climate action in the homeland. 
🌎 January
: 
 
G.M. Announcement Shakes Up U.S. Automakers’ Transition to Electric Cars
Every carmaker is trying to figure out how to make the leap before governments force it and Tesla and other start-ups lure away drivers
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/29/business/general-motors-electric-cars.html
A new president took office this month determined to fight climate change. Wall Street investors think Tesla is worth more than General Motors, Toyota, Volkswagen and Ford put together. And China, the world’s biggest car market, recently ordered that most new cars be powered by electricity in just 15 years.
Those large forces help explain the decision by G.M.’s chief executive, Mary T. Barra, that the company will aim to sell only zero-emission cars and trucks by 2035.
Her announcement, just a day after President Biden signed an executive order on climate change, blindsided rivals who usually seek to present a united message on emissions and other policy issues. But it was also years in the making. G.M. has had a love-hate relationship with electric cars going back decades, but under Ms. Barra, who took over in 2014, it has inched its way toward a full embrace of the technology...
~
General Motors to Exclusively Offer Electric Vehicles by 2035
Automotive executives and analysts are bullish that EVs, led by stricter regulations to reduce carbon emissions, are the future for the automotive industry.
Dane Parker, GM chief sustainability officer, reiterated that the company plans to be profitable in its transition from vehicles with traditional internal combustion engines to EVs.
"We feel this is going to be the successful business model of the future," he said during a media briefing Thursday. "We know there are hurdles, we know there are technology challenges, but we're confident that with the resources we have and the expertise we have that we'll overcome those challenges and this will be a business model that we will be able to thrive in the future."
GM has already announced plans to shift three of its U.S. plants to produce electric vehicles. Parker said the company is "excited" about the transition at its other plants.
"We feel like this transition is one that will protect all of our futures and will help us create a future that will benefit not only the planet, but the people," he said. 
GM plans to release 30 new EVs globally by 2025 under a $27 billion investment in electric and autonomous vehicles during that time frame. It also previously announced expectations for a majority, if not all, of its luxury Cadillac cars and SUVs sold globally to be EVs by 2030.
"This is the time for this technology; this is the time for this change," Parker said, citing reduction in pricing and advancements in technologies, among other factors. "The convergence of those things has made this an inflection point that we want to seize."
 
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President Biden rolls out an environmental protection and climate agenda
President Biden vows monumental action on climate change
* https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2021/01/27/biden-climate-change/ 
Biden signing executive orders
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/27/climate/biden-climate-executive-orders.html 
Biden unveils climate change plan - CNN (Video)
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_4uy_mggrs 
Biden's energy policies get slammed in Louisiana
* https://www.wwltv.com/article/news/politics/louisiana-industry-slams-bidens-oil-and-gas-policies/289-ef505163-5181-41cb-b5dd-f545e5a8aa0b 
Presidential Executive Order Could Mean Big Changes To Colorado's Oil & Gas Industry (Video)
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QhmhSvyzJm0 
CBS This Morning - Biden administration focused on fighting against climate change (Video)
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3_suSf-2eA 
Environmental Justice and Climate
* https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2021/01/26/biden-environmental-justice-climate/
We need to do more / LA Times Editorial
* https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2021-01-27/biden-climate-congress-trump-carbon-motor-vehicles 
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J-IKIEdyZow (LA Times - Biden: 'Can't wait any longer' on climate crisis)
Fox News - Reps. Scalise, Herrell: Biden's reckless, job-killing energy executive orders must be reversed
* https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/scalise-herrell-biden-energy-executive-orders 
Environmental Action Agenda - Out of the Starting Gate and Accelerating
Via Washington Post / Energy 202:
What's on the new administration's agenda today:
Oil and gas leasing: Perhaps biggest move is Biden's expected decision to halt new oil and gas leasing on federal lands. The drafted moratorium would not affect activity around existing leases, but would pause auctions for the right to drill on new parcels throughout much of the west as well as in the Gulf of Mexico. The order will also not restrict energy development on tribal lands.
 
Addressing environmental justice: The Biden administration will establish at least three different bodies meant to address the unequal impact of dirty air and water on poor and minority communities — an office of health and climate equity at the Health and Human Services Department, an environmental justice office at the Justice Department and a third interagency council at the White House. The White House will also establish another cross-government group to help communities transition away from fossil fuels.
 
Protecting nature: Biden also is planning to instruct the government to set aside nearly a third of the nation’s land and water by the end of the decade for conservation. Biden pledged during the campaign to pursue that “30 by 30" goal as means of blunting the buildup of greenhouse gases by sequestering carbon and preserving habitat for threatened plants and animals.
 
Tackling super pollutants: Biden will tell the State Department to send to the Senate the Kigali Amendment, an international agreement to slash the use of a group of human-made compounds that both contribute to climate change and deplete the ozone layer. The Trump administration never submitted the treaty to Congress despite the urging of both business groups and several congressional Republicans.
 
Kick-starting an “all-of-government” approach: Biden direct every agency to factor climate change into the decisions they make, including purchasing electric vehicles, getting power from carbon-free sources and bolstering the buildings and other federal facilities to the impacts of rising temperatures.
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New Definitions of National Security
Moving the Agenda, 'High Gear', Top Speed
The security of every nation and every person and community on Earth is at stake as we move into the 3rd decade of the 21st Century. Two immense existential threats -- climate change and nuclear weapons -- face humanity. We, at GreenPolicy360 and our associate Strategic Demands have continued our focused effort to bring understanding and action to confront these threats. Take a look:
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/New_Definitions_of_National_Security
* https://strategicdemands.com/new-definitions-of-security/ 
Now we see the former U.S. Secretary of State, John Kerry with Joe Biden's support, moving "high speed".
Systemic climate action and cooperation between nations are critical to solving the #ClimateCrisis and #NuclearWeaponsThreat. 
GreenPolicy360 supports the change in U.S. policy from Trump administration climate denial and a new nuclear arms race to Biden administration climate action and nuclear arms control.
:the Associated Press / January 27, 2021
:Kerry’s diplomatic efforts match the fast pace of domestic climate directives by the week-old Biden administration, which created the job Kerry now holds. Those directives include a Biden order expected Wednesday spelling out how U.S. intelligence, defense and homeland security agencies should address the security threats posed by worsening droughts, floods and other natural disasters under global warming.
:At 77, Kerry is working to make a success out of the global climate accord that he helped negotiate in Paris as President Barack Obama’s secretary of state — and that he then saw rejected by President Donald Trump, who also spurned all other Obama-era legacy efforts to wean the U.S. and global economies off climate-damaging fossil fuels.
:Success for Kerry is hardly assured. At home, he faces pushback from the oil and gas industry and hears concerns that jobs will be lost. Internationally, there’s uncertainty about whether Biden’s climate commitments can survive the United States’ intensely divided politics, let alone the next presidential transition.
:Environmentalists are pushing him to be aggressive — even demonstrating outside his house on his first full day on the job.
:Underscoring the urgency, Kerry -- working from his home on Boston’s patrician Beacon Hill during the COVID-19 pandemic -- sat before a computer screen and started talking before sunup last Thursday, his first full day in his new job, to a global business forum in Europe...
 
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Greta responds to Ted
* https://www.thewrap.com/greta-thunberg-ted-cruz/
Turning around and reversing the Trump climate, energy & environmental rollbacks
The U.S. 'accepts' the Paris International Climate Agreement (again)
* https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/climate/trump-environment-rollbacks-list.html
:
Biden, in a Burst of Climate Orders, Rejoins the Paris Agreement
The president also canceled the Keystone XL pipeline and ordered federal agencies to begin the process of reinstating environmental regulations reversed under the Trump administration.
Via the New York Times
Inauguration Day / January 20, 2021
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/20/climate/biden-paris-climate-agreement.html
WASHINGTON — President Joseph R. Biden Jr. on Wednesday recommitted the United States to the Paris climate agreement, the international accord designed to avert catastrophic global warming, and ordered federal agencies to start reviewing and reinstating more than 100 environmental regulations that were weakened or rolled back by former President Donald J. Trump.
The moves represent a first step in healing one of the deepest rifts between the United States and the rest of the world after Mr. Trump defiantly rejected the Paris pact and seemed to relish his administration’s push to weaken or undo major domestic climate policies...
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The president needs to hit the ground running on climate
By Michael E. Mann, January 12, 2021
* https://thebulletin.org/premium/2021-01/the-president-needs-to-hit-the-ground-running-on-climate/
The sobering reality is that even if every country meets their currently stated commitments under the Paris Agreement (and many, including the United States and the European Union, are falling at least a bit short at this point), that gets us less than halfway to where we need to be—i.e., on a path to limiting average global warming to below 2 degrees Celsius, or about 3.6 degrees 
Fahrenheit. We need to keep warming below that level if we want to avoid some of the worst—and in some cases irreversible—impacts. Better yet, we should aim for the more stringent 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.6 degrees Fahrenheit) that many are now calling for. While the Paris Agreement is a good starting point, we need to go well beyond existing Paris commitments now to achieve the reductions that are necessary: more than 7.5 percent per year globally for the next decade.''
In the last four years, under Donald Trump, the power of the federal government to protect the public has been handed over to the very polluters these agencies were built to regulate. Scientific expertise has been trampled by political (in)correctness over things as silly as “Sharpiegate” and as serious as COVID-19. With hundreds of thousands dead from coronavirus, we’ve sadly seen just how deadly it can be when political leaders hide or distort the evidence for political and ideological reasons...
One mitigating factor is that over the last four years, many people and organizations found ways to work around a president who refused to lead, with state and other local governments stepping up to fill the void. Add all the action up, across all the ambitious states, cities, businesses, and others, and we can deliver up to a 37 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions below 2005 levels by 2030. Already, a third of all Americans live in a jurisdiction that’s made a commitment to 100 percent clean energy.
And the good news is that there is much that President-Elect Biden can do almost immediately once in office. As former President Obama demonstrated, the president can use diplomacy to negotiate powerful international agreements such as the Paris Agreement, issue executive actions to insure higher vehicle fuel efficiency standards, tighten regulations on polluters, and block massive additional fossil fuel infrastructure—such as the Keystone XL pipeline).
Biden has a clear mandate generally (he is only the fourth challenger in 100 years to defeat an incumbent president seeking a second elected term) and on climate change specifically (which he made central to his campaign)...
Biden has put forward a bold climate plan with ambitious targets for reducing carbon emissions and support for both regulatory and market-driven policy measures, as have Senate and House Democrats. There is real opportunity for meaningful climate legislation, but it will require some degree of compromise...
Given an even modestly favorable shift in political winds, one could envision [a bold climate bill] passing the House and moving on to the Senate with a half-dozen or more moderate conservatives crossing the aisle, joining with Senate Democrats to pass the bill within the next year or two…
The president, in short, will have to win over potential allies in the middle, yet remain unafraid to play hardball with the Congress people who are captured by the fossil fuel industry.
That, really, is what we need: A president who can unite us and who can lead us forward, together to tackle the great challenges we face. In the first 100 days he can help solve a crisis that would otherwise afflict us for the next 10,000 years.
More by Michael Mann
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Book_Reviews_@GreenPolicy
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:
A Late Burst of Climate Denial Extends the Era of Trump Disinformation
* https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/12/climate/trump-disinformation-climate-change.html
The climate crisis continued unabated in 2020, with the joint highest global temperatures on record, alarming heat and record wildfires in the Arctic, and a record 29 tropical storms in the Atlantic.
* https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/jan/08/climate-crisis-experts-2020-joint-hottest-year-ever-recorded
Top of the News @GreenPolicy360
:(AP) Applying the brakes on "Committed Warming" to prevent a global crash
:
 
 2020 
December
N.Y. Times Editorial / Joe Biden Takes Climate Change Seriously
* https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/28/opinion/biden-cabinet-climate-change.html
○
The Weekly Planet
A new weekly newsletter from The Atlantic on the state of the Climate Crisis
The Big Stories on Climate from 2020
* https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2020/12/5-biggest-climate-stories-2020/617468/big
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Climate Crisis --- #TimeforAction: Global Nations Meet Up with Climate Action Plans
December 12, 2020... 76 heads of state present new expanded climate commitments at virtual UN summit
:::
 
Hot, Hotter, the Big Picture: 2020 will go down as one of the three warmest years on record
Via Axios
The World Meteorological Organization reports this year is set to end about 2.2°F warmer than the last half of the 1800s. That's a half degree away from the limit set by the Paris climate accord, which could be exceeded by 2024, the WMO said today.
Among the dozens of extremes of 2020, from the WMO report:
Record 30 Atlantic named tropical storms and hurricanes.
 
Death Valley had the hottest temperature on Earth in the last 80 years.
 
Record wildfires in the western U.S. and record heat in Australia.
 
Record wildfires and a prolonged heat wave in the Arctic.
 
Record low Arctic sea ice was reported for April and August, and the yearly minimum, in September, was the second lowest on record.
Between the lines: It's projected to get worse before it gets better, judging by current fossil fuel production projections.
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Big Money & the Climate Crisis
Beyond 'urging' governments to act, Capital must act to solve the climate crisis
'Business-as-usual' will not 'get the job done', new vision, new approaches are demanded
Together we need 'speed of solutions' necessary to address the scope of the climate crisis 
(2020)
Via Politico / U.S. Federal Reserve formally calls out climate change as stability risk
* https://www.politico.com/news/2020/11/10/fed-climate-change-risk-435685
(2019)
The Global Investor Statement to Governments on Climate Change urges action that includes phasing out thermal coal power, ending subsidies for fossil fuels, and updating and strengthening nationally-determined contributions (NDCs) to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement. 
:More than 630 investors who collectively manage over $37 trillion in assets are calling on governments across the world to step up action to address climate change and achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. 
:* https://www.iigcc.org/resource/global-investor-statement-to-governments-on-climate-change/
(2018)
Via Reuters / Investors managing $32 trillion in assets call for action on climate change
* https://www.reuters.com/article/us-climatechange-investors/investors-managing-32-trillion-in-assets-call-for-action-on-climate-change-idUSKBN1O80TR
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:I Am Greta, the Documentary
:Youth talk truth to power
:
 
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November 23, 2020
 
John Kerry Selected to Newly Created U.S. Climate Leadership Position
First-ever International Climate 'Envoy' to Join National Security Council with Presidential Cabinet-level Status
GreenPolicy360 & Strategic Demands applaud this historic, critically important shift in the U.S. policy and vision
For years GreenPolicy360 and StratDem have advocated Climate Policy become a U.S. National/Global Security priority 
:* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Climate_Policy
:* https://strategicdemands.com/environmental-security/ 
New Definitions of National & Global Security
:* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/New_Definitions_of_National_Security
:* https://strategicdemands.com/new-definitions-of-security/
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Biden prioritizes climate crisis, names John Kerry special envoy
(CNN) / 8:00 PM EST, November 23, 2020
Washington -- President-elect Joe Biden on Monday appointed John Kerry as his special presidential envoy for climate, underscoring his commitment to tackling the global crisis and offering a symbolic rebuke to President Donald Trump's lack of leadership on the issue.
Kerry, who was President Barack Obama's secretary of state, will be a Cabinet-level official in Biden's administration and will sit on the National Security Council.
"This marks the first time that the NSC will include an official dedicated to climate change, reflecting the president-elect's commitment to addressing climate change as an urgent national security issue," the Biden transition team said in a statement.
The elevation of the issue in Kerry's appointment previews a shift in policy and approach from the current President's repeated denial of the scientific reality of the crisis and systematic rollback of environmental policies.
"It'll be an honor to work with our allies and partners, alongside rising young leaders in the climate movement, to tackle the climate crisis with the seriousness and urgency it deserves," Kerry wrote in a tweet.
The energy around the issue of the climate crisis has escalated in a short period of time. When Sen. Bernie Sanders of Vermont, during his first presidential campaign in 2016, called climate change the foremost national security crisis, he was pilloried as not being serious about foreign policy. Five years later, the White House will have a special envoy for climate with a seat at National Security Council meetings.
President-elect Joe Biden Picks John Kerry to Help Regain Global Leadership on Climate Change (Wall Street Journal)
Kerry is a former secretary of state who oversaw U.S. negotiations on Paris climate accord for Obama administration...
John Kerry Appointed as Biden's Special Presidential Envoy for Climate
:* https://www.greenmatters.com/p/john-kerry-climate-change
:* https://www.greenmatters.com/p/biden-climate-office
Former Secretary of State will be a special presidential envoy for climate, a role that does not require Senate confirmation
:* https://www.rollcall.com/2020/11/23/kerry-climate-global/
Newly appointed “climate czar” and veteran diplomat John Kerry said the next US administration would treat climate change as a “national security emergency” 
:* https://www.climatechangenews.com/2020/11/23/joe-biden-picks-john-kerry-us-first-presidential-envoy-climate-change/
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Global Climate Agreements Through the Years, 1987-2020
November 18, 2020 | Re-Shared Courtesy of the Climate Reality Project 
* https://climaterealityproject.org/blog/global-climate-agreements-through-years
This week, the 26th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) – commonly known as COP 26 – was scheduled to kick off in Glasgow, UK. But amidst a raging pandemic that has made in-person gatherings unsafe, the conference was postponed a year, and will instead take place in November 2021. 
For climate activists around the world, the decision to postpone may have come as a letdown, even if the rationale was understandable. Five years ago in Paris, the parties present at COP 21 set forth a historic agreement that brought nearly every nation in the world together on a vision to seriously combat the climate crisis. There was real hope that COP 26 could deliver another major step to strengthen the Paris Agreement.
 
Because while Paris was a major milestone, it was far from the first step the global community has taken on climate. Driven by activists and climate scientists around the world, the member states of the UNFCCC have been working for climate solutions for decades now.
:
 
:• 1987 – Montreal Protocol: In response to the deterioration of the ozone layer, member states of the United Nations come together to regulate nearly 100 chemicals known as ozone depleting substances. The Montreal Protocol was ratified by all 197 member states, making it the only UN treaty ever ratified by every member. While the agreement was focused on ozone restoration, it proved that the global community can unify around urgent environmental action, and deliver results. 
:• 1992 – Earth Summit: The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, also called the Earth Summit, opened UNFCCC for signature. By year’s end, 158 nations had signed on to UNFCCC, paving the way for annual Conferences of the Parties (COP). 
:• 1995 – COP 1: The first COP was held in Germany in 1995, and was overseen by Angela Merkel, then a minister in the German government responsible for environmental issues. COP 1 laid the foundation for future meetings and delivered the Berlin Mandate, which set forth a process for combatting the climate crisis in the new millennium. 
:• 1997 – Kyoto Protocol: COP 3 produced the world’s first international treaty requiring the reduction of global warming pollution, with industrialized nations agreeing to cumulatively cut their greenhouse gas to 5 percent below 1990 levels within 10–15 years. Notably, India and China had yet to enter their economic booms, and thus were not considered industrialized nations for purposes of the protocol and are not subject to the requirements. And while 192 nations would eventually adopt the Kyoto Protocol, the United States does not, undermining the agreement. 
:• 2001 – Marrakesh Accords: Representatives from 160 nations meet to further plan out implementation of the Kyoto Protocol, including differentiations between developed nations and transitioning nations. 
:• 2005 – Kyoto Protocol goes into effect: After nearly a decade of work on its implementation, the Kyoto Protocol goes into effect. In the ensuing years, many nations – including the European Union – would meet their targets and cut emissions. That progress, however, was more than offset by countries like the US and China continuing to increase emissions. 
:• 2009 – COP 15: When world leaders gathered in Copenhagen for COP 15, there were high hopes for a legally binding treaty to build off of the Kyoto Protocol. Instead, nations were unable to agree on firm targets and left instead with just a non-binding accord. Still, the conference did produce some progress on setting targets and implementation mechanisms, as well as establishing a goal of $100 billion per year in financing for developing nations to shift towards low-carbon development and build resilience. 
:• 2011 – COP 17: Countries meeting in Durban agree to develop a “protocol, another legal instrument or an agreed outcome with legal force” that would be “applicable to all Parties.” The agreement in Durban lays the foundation for a binding, universal agreement to come in the following years. 
:• 2013 – Warsaw Mechanism for Loss and Damage: COP 19 saw the establishment of the first formalized international mechanism for dealing with loss and damage, a term broadly understood to mean the negative consequences of the climate crisis that cannot be avoided through mitigation and adaptation. Developing and vulnerable nations have long pushed for action on loss and damage and continue to call for further action. 
:• 2015 – Paris Agreement: After years of struggling to achieve a broad agreement that could build upon the Kyoto Protocol, COP 21 delivered the Paris Agreement – the most ambitious global climate agreement the world has ever seen. The Paris Agreement set an overarching goal to keep warming “well below” 2 degrees Celsius while “pursuing efforts” to keep it under 1.5 degrees, and included each nation offering specific, challenging targets that they felt were achievable, even if they have so far been inadequate. With China, India, and the US on board at its signing, this historic accord gave the world both the framework to halt rising temperatures and the international muscle to do it. Unfortunately, there was a major setback when the Trump Administration refused to act on US commitments and then removed the country from the agreement earlier this month. But by design, the Paris Agreement offers an easy path for nations to re-enter the agreement – and President-elect Joe Biden has pledged to return the US to the accord on his first day in office. 
:• 2019 – Climate Action Summit: Set against the backdrop of youth climate strikes around the globe, UN Secretary-General António Guterres convened a special summit to focus on the need for urgent action and encourage nations to enhance their pledges to cut carbon emissions. And 70 nations stepped up, committing to cut emissions by more than their Paris pledges. But those nations represented just 6.8 percent of global emissions – and with the US, China, and India offering few concrete promises, the summit did not deliver the hoped-for breakthrough. 
:• 2020 – Postponement of COP 26: Recognizing that deeper emissions reductions would be required to meet the challenge, countries agreed at COP 21 to update or enhance their first Paris Agreement commitments by the end of 2020. But COP 26’s postponement has limited countries’ ability to pressure each other to do so. The United Kingdom hopes to encourage higher commitments on December 12, the fifth anniversary of the Paris Agreement adoption. 
:○
:* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Climate_Change
:* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Climate_Policy
:* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Climate_News
:* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Climate_Change_Summit_Paris
:* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Intended_Nationally_Determined_Contributions
:* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Montreal_Protocol
:* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/IPCC_Report_Nov_2014
:* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/PeoplesClimateMarch
:* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Planet_Citizen_Action
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President-elect Biden planning to move fast on climate
* https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/17/climate/biden-climate-change.html
Election results: Joe Biden wins — here’s what that means for climate change policy and the Green New Deal 
:Via Vox
* https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/21547245/joe-biden-wins-2020-climate-change-clean-energy-policy
Biden Could Roll Back Trump Agenda With Blitz of Executive Actions 
:Via NY Times
* https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/08/us/politics/biden-trump-executive-action.html
Environmentalists say Biden's win was crucial for climate progress
* https://www.nbcnews.com/science/environment/environmentalists-say-biden-s-win-was-crucial-climate-progress-now-n1247135
Joe Biden could bring Paris climate goals 'within striking distance' | Climate change 
:Via The Guardian
* https://amp.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/nov/08/joe-biden-paris-climate-goals-0-1c
Five things Joe Biden can do to fight climate change — without Congress' help
* https://news.yahoo.com/amphtml/five-things-joe-biden-fight-110021589.html
 
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 Joe Biden says the United States will rejoin the Paris International Climate Agreement on his first day as President
If Biden Is Elected President
Biden’s Bold Climate Plans Could Be Thwarted in GOP-Run Senate
November 4, 2020, 2:38 PM EST
Narrowly divided Senate seen as barrier to big climate push
 
Biden would tap federal agencies to pursue green vision
“An emboldened, moderate Senate is poised to stymie a progressive agenda at every turn,” observed Washington consultant Gloria Dittus. “A legislative Green New Deal has been derailed.”
Biden couldn’t count on help from a Republican-controlled Senate to realize his climate vision, which lays out epic changes in the U.S. energy mix, anchored by promises to install renewable energy infrastructure, get cleaner cars on the road and create zero-emission mass transit systems. Instead, Biden would have to court the chamber’s moderates...
Without allies to push his environmental agenda through Capitol Hill, Biden would be even more reliant on federal agencies to adapt decades-old laws to meet emerging challenges such as climate change. But creative agency regulations could face tough scrutiny in federal courts reshaped with the addition of more than 200 Trump-appointed judges.
“Given the fact that Biden’s probably not going to have a compliant Senate to work with don’t look for him getting policy done through a reconciliation bill or even an ambitious climate bill,” said Eric Washburn, an environmental policy consultant and former adviser to top Senate Democrats. “He’s going to have to do what he is going to do to promote his clean energy and climate agenda administratively, and that’s going to put a lot of pressure on EPA.”
* https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-11-04/biden-s-bold-climate-plans-could-be-thwarted-in-gop-run-senate
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John Christy, More Than a Climate Science Contrarian
Inside Climate News takes a close, fair, and objective look at a controversial scientist, a political person of lasting consequence -- John Christy.
Your GreenPolicy360 siterunner points to the work of Mr. Christy and advises a close, careful reading of this look at a climate scientist near the center of the Trump administration's point of view. No matter the outcome of the 2020 US presidential election, and its outcome determining the direction of the work of critical government agencies such as the EPA, NOAA, USGS, DOE and beyond into the international and global work studying and dealing with a threatening climate crisis, the life and times of John Christy tell a tale with lasting importance.
Be objective, read the John Christy story and, as we say over and over at GreenPolicy360, study of the science...
* https://insideclimatenews.org/news/30102020/john-christy-alabama-climate-contrarian 
A look at current USGS climate science changes planned by the Trump administration.
* https://www.wired.com/story/trumps-attacks-on-climate-science-are-coming-to-fruition/
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The Day After the U.S. Election, the U.S. Leaves the International Climate Agreement
GreenPolicy360 Story of the Day
What are the consequences of a U.S. retreat from cooperative climate action? 
Via the Associated Press / November 1, 2020
The day after the presidential election, the United States formally leaves the 2015 Paris agreement to fight climate change. A year ago, President Donald Trump’s administration notified the United Nations that America is exiting the climate agreement. And because of technicalities in the international pact, Nov. 4 is the earliest a country can withdraw... 
If the U.S. remains out of the climate pact, today’s children are “going to see big changes that you and I don’t see for ice, coral and weather disasters,” said Stanford University’s Rob Jackson.
Because the two presidential candidates have starkly different positions on climate change policy, the election could have profound repercussions for the world’s approach to the problem, according to more than a dozen experts.
“That election could be a make or break point for international climate policy,” said Niklas Hohne, a climate scientist at Wageningen University in Germany.
In pulling out of the agreement, Trump has questioned climate science and has rolled back environmental initiatives that he called too restrictive in cutting future carbon pollution from power plants and cars.
American carbon emissions dropped by less than one percent a year from 2016 to 2019, until plunging probably temporarily during the pandemic slowdown, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. More than 60 countries cut emissions by higher percentages than the U.S. in that time period, according to international data.
Eleven years ago, the world was on pace to add about another 5 degrees (2.8 degrees Celsius) of warming. But with emission cut pledges from Paris and afterward, the world is facing only about another 2.2 degrees (1.2 degrees Celsius) of warming if countries do what they promise...
“If Biden wins, the whole world is going to start reorienting toward stepping up its action,” said the Dean of the University of Michigan’s environment program.
If the U.S. remains out of Paris, countries trying to cut emissions drastically at potentially high costs to local industry may put “border adjustment” fees on climate laggards like America to even the playing field, said Nigel Purvis, a climate negotiator in the Clinton and second Bush administrations. The European Union is already talking about such fees...
Climate Action Tracker ran calculations comparing a continuation of the Trump administration’s current emission trends to what would happen if Biden worked toward net zero emissions... (they) found that in the next 10 years a Trump scenario, which includes a moderate economic bounce-back from the pandemic, would emit 6 billion tons (5.4 billion metric tons) more greenhouse gases than the Biden scenario — an 11% difference. 
Other nations will do more to limit carbon pollution if the U.S. is doing so and less if America isn’t, said Cornell University climate scientist Natalie Mahowald. “In terms of leadership, it will make an immense difference,” she said.
In Paris, the U.S. was crucial in getting the agreement finished. The rest of the world ended up pledging to reduce roughly five tons of carbon pollution for every ton the U.S. promised to cut.
Read the full AP story by science reporter Seth Borenstein
Follow Seth on Twitter @borenbears
Read more stories on climate issues by The Associated Press at -- https://www.apnews.com/Climate
🌎 October
Attempting to Setback Science & Environmental Protections 
From The New York Times: The Trump Administration Is Reversing, or Attempting to Reverse, Nearly 100 Environmental Rules. 
Here’s a List Tracking Trump Environmental Rollbacks. The White House has dismantled major climate and environmental policies focused on clean air, water, wildlife and toxic chemicals. Here’s how it adds up (as of October 31, 2020). 
* https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/climate/trump-environment-rollbacks-list.html
More on Trump Administration environmental rollbacks/reversals/legislative and regulatory actions to end and/or limit environmental protections...
Environmental Deregulation, Climate Litigation
(from GreenPolicy360's Eco-Dashboard) 
* https://eelp.law.harvard.edu/2018/07/tracking-the-trackers/ | A List of Organizations Tracking US Environmental Rollbacks
* https://www.brookings.edu/interactives/tracking-deregulation-in-the-trump-era/ | Brookings - Deregulatory Tracker 
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Environmental_Laws | Category - Environmental Laws 
Climate Litigation Database
 
* http://columbiaclimatelaw.com/resources/climate-deregulation-tracker | Climate Deregulation Tracker
* http://blogs.law.columbia.edu/climatechange/ | Columbia Law School - Climate Change Laws 
* https://eelp.law.harvard.edu/regulatory-rollback-tracker | Harvard Law School - Envir Law Rollbacks 
* http://columbiaclimatelaw.com/resources/silencing-science-tracker/ | 'Silencing Science' Tracker
US National Climate Assessment, NOAA and Politics: 
Profound changes announced as US 2020 election nears 
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Joe Biden is calling climate change the ‘number one issue facing humanity’ 
Reprinted courtesy of CNBC / October 24, 2020 
□ Joe Biden declares climate change the "number one issue facing humanity" and vows a national transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy he says will create millions of new jobs.
 
□ Biden's $2 trillion plan puts the U.S. on a path to zero carbon pollution from the electricity sector by 2035 and net-zero emissions by 2050.
 
□ Scientists say that Biden's transition plan is required to avoid the most catastrophic consequences of climate change.
 
□ Climate change has fueled record-setting wildfires in the U.S. West and one of the most active Atlantic hurricane seasons this year. 
Joe Biden declared climate change the "number one issue facing humanity" and vowed a national transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy that could create millions of new jobs.
'"It's the number one issue facing humanity. And it's the number one issue for me," Biden said in an interview.
"Climate change is the existential threat to humanity. Unchecked, it is going to actually bake this planet. This is not hyperbole. It's real. And we have a moral obligation."
Scientists have repeatedly warned that climate-change fueled disasters will continue to get worse and parts of the world will become unlivable as global temperatures rise and governments fail to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by reducing the burning of oil, gas and coal.
Biden, the Democratic presidential nominee, has boasted a $2 trillion plan that invests significantly in clean energy in the transportation, electricity and building industry, cuts fossil fuel emissions and improves infrastructure.
Biden's plan also puts the U.S. on a path to zero carbon pollution from the electricity sector by 2035 and net-zero emissions by 2050. Coal and natural gas comprise more than 60% of the electricity sector, according to the Energy Information Association.
"It's going to create millions of jobs ... We can't be cavalier about the impact it's going to have on how we're going to transition to do all this," Biden said. "But I just think it's a gigantic opportunity, a gigantic opportunity to create really good jobs."
Scientists say that Biden's transition plan is required to avoid the most catastrophic consequences of climate change.
"No one is going to build another oil or gas-fired electric plant. They're going to build one that is fired by renewable energy," Biden said in the interview podcast. "We have to invest billions of dollars in making sure that we're able to transmit over our lines."
Biden's plan to transition from oil and natural gas could be politically popular but may potentially hurt him in major oil and gas states as the Nov. 3 election nears.
The issue is particularly important in Pennsylvania, a state that could be decisive on election day and has a strong fracking industry and Trump base in the southwestern part of the state. Biden, however, has said he would only ban fracking on federal lands. Most oil and gas does not come from federal lands.
But oil and gas executives have been aware of the global movement towards renewable energy and say the U.S. will still require fossil fuel production for decades to come even during a global transition.
Biden said he's gone to the major labor unions in the U.S. to convince them to sign onto his climate change plan, emphasizing that he won't "discount the concerns" of people who could lose work during a transition to renewables.
In Thursday's presidential debate, Biden emphasized that the transition away from climate-changing fossil fuels would occur "over time." After the debate, he said that fossil fuels would not be eliminated until 2050 as part of his plan.
President Trump, who has pulled the U.S. from the Paris climate accord and consistently expressed support for fracking, responded to Biden's remarks with a traditional appeal to voters in competitive oil and gas states.
"Basically what he is saying is he is going to destroy the oil industry," Trump said during Thursday's debate. "Will you remember that, Texas? Will you remember that, Pennsylvania? Oklahoma? Ohio?"
Trump has denied the science of climate change and reversed more than 70 major environmental regulations during his four years in office, with nearly 30 more in progress.
But climate change has been a top issue of the 2020 presidential election, especially among younger voters.
Nearly two-thirds of voters think the federal government is not doing enough to mitigate climate change, according to a Pew Research Center poll this year. Roughly 79% of Americans said the U.S. should make developing alternative sources of energy like wind and solar a priority.
Biden leads on climate change by an enormous margin, with 58% to 19% of registered voters saying the former vice president would address the problem better than President Trump, according to an NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll.
This year, climate-change fueled disasters including record-setting wildfires in the U.S. West and one of the most active Atlantic hurricane seasons ever have plagued the country.
September 2020 was the warmest month on record worldwide and this year is set to be one of the five hottest in recorded history.
Two-Thirds of Americans Think Government Should Do More on Climate
* https://grist.org/politics/republican-party-climate-change/
* https://www.greentechmedia.com/amp/article/can-u.s-lawmakers-agree-on-big-climate-and-clean-energy-legislation
Jeff Berardelli (@WeatherProf):
What's up with the Colorado Fires? You may be surprised to hear how much the climate has changed. 
Video: https://t.co/MW1uTg6cyo 
Story: https://t.co/mWxGsgGZCB 
* https://t.co/w6x81Ipk1K 
* https://twitter.com/WeatherProf/status/1320053488106328064
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October 22, 2020
https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:US_Pres_Debate_-_Oct_22_2020.jpg
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Climate change: watershed or endgame?
@Bookshop
From the Publisher
In this compelling new book, Noam Chomsky, the world's leading public intellectual, and Robert Pollin, a renowned progressive economist, map out the catastrophic consequences of unchecked climate change--and present a realistic blueprint for change: the Global Green New Deal.
Together, Chomsky and Pollin show how the forecasts for a hotter planet strain the imagination: vast stretches of the Earth will become uninhabitable, plagued by extreme weather, drought, rising seas, and crop failure. Arguing against the misplaced fear of economic disaster and unemployment arising from the transition to a green economy, they show how this bogus concern encourages climate denialism.
Humanity must stop burning fossil fuels within the next thirty years and do so in a way that improves living standards and opportunities for working people. This is the goal of the Green New Deal and, as the authors make clear, it is entirely feasible. Climate change is an emergency that cannot be ignored. This book shows how it can be overcome both politically and economically.
 
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Conoco Buys Concho
Doubling down on the Permian Basin
Both companies have lost more than 40% of their value in 2020
Conoco is focusing on the West Texas/South New Mexico Permian Basin, the shale and fracking hotbed that made the United States the world's largest oil producer. Concho is viewed as one of the best Permian operators and brings along a large amount of expertise on the region. 
The move will also make Conoco even more exposed to the same forces that have swiftly moved against fossil fuels.
"It is a bit of a contrarian move to double down on oil and gas at a time when it's unpopular in the investment community," said Pavel Molchanov, energy analyst at Raymond James Financial in Clearwater, Florida. "Many investors are turned off by the commodity volatility, regardless of what they think about climate," said Molchanov.
Europe is moving the opposite direction
The broader challenge to the deal is the climate crisis.
The mood is so glum in the oil industry that European oil majors are pivoting away from oil and gas in favor of renewables and low-carbon solutions.
BP revealed plans in August to slash its oil production by 40% and pour billions of dollars into clean energy as it attempts to deliver net-zero emission by 2050. The UK company also warned that world demand for oil may have peaked last year.
ExxonMobil, once the world's most valuable company, was recently surpassed in market capitalization by wind and solar company NextEra Energy. 
○
Top of the News @GreenPolicy360
:'"Climate Emergency", don't forget the climate crisis for a moment even as political chaos and a global coronavirus rage
○
Hotter & Hotter
Via Associated Press / Seth Borenstein
Earth breaks September heat record, may reach warmest year 
* https://apnews.com/article/science-climate-climate-change-5282059feae2661424d7ff3fd5ad4044
Boosted by human-caused climate change, global temperatures averaged 60.75 degrees (15.97 Celsius) last month, edging out 2015 and 2016 for the hottest September in 141 years of recordkeeping, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration said Wednesday. That’s 1.75 degrees (0.97 degrees Celsius) above the 20th century average.
This record was driven by high heat in Europe, Northern Asia, Russia and much of the Southern Hemisphere, said NOAA climatologist Ahira Sanchez-Lugo. California and Oregon had their hottest Septembers on record.
Earth has had 44 straight Septembers where it has been warmer than the 20th century average and 429 straight months without a cooler than normal month, according to NOAA. 
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Scheduled for January 2021 Publication
The New Climate War
by Michael E. Mann 
@MichaelEMann
PublicAffairs / Perseus
 
In The New Climate War, Mann argues that all is not lost. He draws the battle lines between the people and the polluters-fossil fuel companies, right-wing plutocrats, and petrostates. And he outlines a plan for forcing our governments and corporations to wake up and make real change, including:
:a common-sense, attainable approach to carbon pricing- and a revision of the well-intentioned but flawed currently proposed version of the Green New Deal;
 
:allowing renewable energy to compete fairly against fossil fuels;
 
:debunking the false narratives and arguments that have worked their way into the climate debate and driven a wedge between even those who support climate change solutions;
 
:combatting climate doomism and despair-mongering. 
With immensely powerful vested interests aligned in defense of the fossil fuel status quo, the societal tipping point won’t happen without the active participation of citizens everywhere aiding in the collective push forward. This book will reach, inform, and enable citizens everywhere to join this battle for our planet. 
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Copernicus Programme - Climate Change Service
* https://climate.copernicus.eu/surface-air-temperature-september-2020
Global-mean temperatures were substantially above average in September 2020. The month was:
: 0.63°C warmer than the 1981-2020 average for September
: the warmest September in this data record
: warmer by 0.05°C than September 2019, the previous warmest September
: warmer by 0.08°C than September 2016, the third warmest September.
Temperatures averaged over the twelve-month period from October 2019 to September 2020 were:
: most above the 1981-2010 average over a large part of Siberia, and the Arctic Ocean to the north of Siberia and Alaska
 
: above average over virtually all of Europe, more so in the east;
 
: above average over most other areas of land and ocean;
 
September 30, 2020
From the U.S. Presidential Campaign Debate
“We have the lowest carbon. Look at our numbers now. We are doing phenomenal.”
 -- The U.S. President
GreenPolicy360.... the president's statement is far from the truth
Via NBC News / On the Climate Change Question Asked by Moderator Chris Wallace
* https://www.cnn.com/videos/politics/2020/09/30/climate-change-first-debate-full-video-2020-dbx-vpx.cnn
* https://grist.org/politics/its-been-12-years-since-presidential-debate-moderators-asked-about-climate-change/
President Trump: “We have the lowest carbon. Look at our numbers now. We are doing phenomenal.”
“That's the biggest lie he's told tonight, and there have been some biggies,” Michael Mann, a climate scientist at Pennsylvania State University, tweeted after Trump’s assertion about having the “lowest” carbon emissions.
Biden, on the other hand, has made climate change a focus of his campaign. In July, he released a $2 trillion plan to build a clean energy economy that includes the ambitious goal of achieving a 100 percent clean electricity standard by 2035.
Though Biden’s climate plan is not as far-reaching as the proposed Green New Deal championed by Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-N.Y., and Sen. Edward J. Markey, D-Mass., it has been met with praise from climate scientists and environmental activists.
Trump attempted to sow divisions between Biden’s camp and the supporters of the Green New Deal, claiming that Biden’s failure to support the plan meant he “just lost the radical left.”
Ocasio-Cortez dismissed the notion, tweeting in response: “Our differences are exactly why I joined Biden’s Climate Unity Task Force — so we could set aside our differences & figure out an aggressive climate plan to address the planetary crisis at our feet. Trump doesn’t even believe climate change is real.”
In the debate, Biden also reiterated his plan to rejoin the Paris Agreement and work with global partners to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Trump announced plans in 2017 to quit the landmark climate accord, a move that has been widely criticized by climate researchers.
Yet for all the debate’s vitriol, experts said, it’s important that climate change was a featured topic. A Pew Research Center survey conducted in March found that 60 percent of Americans say that climate change is a major threat to the U.S., up from 44 percent in 2009. The inclusion of climate issues in the presidential debate “reflects the heightened political and grassroots interest in the subject.”
More on the U.S. presidential debate at Strategic Demands
* https://strategicdemands.com/the-day-after-the-debate/
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Climate Change Critics Recruited by US President
Via E&E News
At least three prominent researchers who question the severity of climate change rebuffed the opportunity to take a senior position at NOAA.
The White House has been quietly working in recent weeks to reshape the leadership of NOAA with a goal of criticizing climate science...
According to Andrew Rosenberg, who served as a deputy director at NOAA in the Clinton administration, and now runs the Center for Science and Democracy at the Union of Concerned Scientists, the political appointments could be a strategic way to get climate denialists "burrowed" in at NOAA. If the political appointees are offered career positions, they will be much harder to dismiss after Trump is gone because of protections for federal workers, Rosenberg said.
"They're packing these positions, and I'm worried they're going to get burrowed in into career positions in NOAA. First of all, getting appointed in the first place is sending a very strong signal that we are not interested in the overall scientific evidence of climate change; we're going to go with the view of the fringe. That's very distressing, not only to climate change, but everything NOAA does."
* https://www.eenews.net/stories/1063714831
Climate Change Denialist Given Top Role
* https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/09/climate-change-denialist-given-top-role-major-us-science-agency
Update: On Thursday (Sept. 24), 85 House Democrats sent a letter to Jacobs and Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross protesting the appointment of Legates, saying he would "clearly be in a position to seriously damage the agency's scientific integrity."
"While Legates promotes the fossil fuel industry's agenda and derides taxpayer dollars spent on mitigating the 'undetectable effects of climate change,' the staggering cost of failing to address climate change is terrifying to the rest of us working to save a livable future for our children and grandchildren," they wrote.
David Legates, wrong for NOAA, wrong for the climate crisis, wrong for the profound responsibility
* https://www.democracynow.org/2020/9/18/noaa_david_legates_climate_crisis''
David Legates at a Heartland Institute conference speaking on “Why CO2 Emissions Are Not Creating a Climate Crisis”:
DAVID LEGATES: We’ve all heard that carbon dioxide, of course, is a pollutant. It drives climate. It is the single most important factor that determines what the climate is going to be in the future and what the temperature is going to be and how much precipitation there’s going to be, so much so that we have to put a danger sign on carbon dioxide. But the question I really want to ask is: Is it really a benefit? Not just simply has it gotten a bad rap, but is it really something that we could do with a little bit more? … So, the answer to my question, “Is carbon dioxide a pollutant or a benefit?” it clearly isn’t a pollutant. It is definitely a benefit, and we can do with a little bit more of it.
○
Wildfires Rage (but conditions... climate change, heat, drought, warming ocean temperatures... the connections driving extreme weather events go unreported)
As wildfires continue to rage across the western United States and hurricanes barrel towards the East Coast, a new report out Thursday says voters want the media to do a better job at covering the climate crisis and connecting the dots between extreme weather events and climate change.
"The media has a responsibility to inform viewers of the connections between climate change and the increasingly unstable world around them," write Dr. Genevieve Gunther, Danielle Deiseroth, and Marcela Mulholland in a summary of the research conducted by Data for Progress and End Climate Silence. "It's not just climate activists and policy wonks that want to see this kind of coverage; our polling shows that a broad-base of voters do too."
While plenty of coverage of extreme weather events such as hurricanes exists, what does not is the connection to the climate crisis in the same reporting, the authors report. For example, ABC, CBS, and NBC aired a combined 50 segments on Hurricane Laura, yet not one connected the storm to climate change. 
"Media coverage is critical in determining how the public perceives climate change," they continued. "To give voters the information they need to make political decisions in an increasingly chaotic world, the media must cover the climate crisis with the accuracy and urgency it deserves."
GreenPolicy360:
Is it time for the Media to add a 'Take Action' option to their Climate Reporting?
Is it time for a public service offer, for example how about an app, or a link, or a button?
* https://actionbutton.org/
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Joe Biden Points at the Climate Policy Failures of Donald Trump
"Unending barrage of Tragedies"
* https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/516144-biden-hits-trump-on-climate-western-fires-foreshadow-unending-barrage-of
Biden: "The science is clear, and deadly signs like these are unmistakable - climate change poses an imminent, existential threat to our way of life. President Trump can try to deny that reality, but the facts are undeniable. We absolutely must act now to avoid a future defined by an unending barrage of tragedies like the one American families are enduring across the West today."
"Left unchecked, wildfires and other extreme weather disasters will only continue to grow in frequency and intensity, endangering the lives of tens of millions of Americans, ravaging our lands and waterways, rendering the air unbreathable, and laying waste to our economic security," Biden added. "In the years ahead, there will be no challenge more consequential to our future than meeting and defeating the onrushing climate crisis." 
The statement comes as record major wildfires ravage the Western U.S., California, Oregon, Washington state... 
"The debate is over, around climate change," said California Gov. Gavin Newsom (D). "This is a climate damn emergency. This is real and it's happening."
 
::
 
All Time Record Heat
* https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-09-06/southern-california-braces-for-more-record-breaking-heat-as-firefighters-battle-wildfires-across-the-state
* https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/weather/los-angeles-county-sets-record-high-temperature-as-heat-wave-continues/ar-BB18LOMR
* https://time.com/5886622/record-wildfires-california-climate-change/
Ron Merkord:
Sept. 6, 2020
2020 is on track to be the hottest year the Earth has seen in recorded history, 100+ years. Before that, 2019 was the hottest on record, etc etc. You get the idea.
Now here is the real kicker, something to really ponder in today's heat. 2020 will also be the COLDEST year in the next 100 years. This is the coldest year from now on that you, or your grandkids, will ever know.
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The U.S. president has no climate plan. We ask -- 'Why isn’t that headline news?' 
Via Bill Moyers News / Covering Climate Now
* https://billmoyers.com/story/the-sitting-president-has-no-climate-plan-why-isnt-that-headline-news/Now
* https://www.coveringclimatenow.org/climate-beat/cm6g4gwy6x0icmtp0072wyglve005i
Fire and Water: Land and Watershed Management in the Age of Climate Change
* https://bioneers.org/fire-and-water-watershed-management-zmbz2008
August 2020 
 
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From the Democrat's Climate Crisis Committees
* https://www.democrats.senate.gov/climate-report
* https://amp.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/aug/24/democrats-climate-plan-fossil-fuel-industry
* Chair Brian Schatz (D-Hawaii) / https://www.democrats.senate.gov/climate
* Chair Kathy Castor (D-Florida) / https://climatecrisis.house.gov/
* https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/jul/29/joe-biden-climate-jobs-plan-gamble
* https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jun/29/democrats-climate-crisis-carbon-emissions
Senate Democrats 200-page plan arguing that significant US climate action will require stripping the fossil fuel industry of its influence over the government and the public’s understanding of the crisis.
“It’s important for the public to understand that this is not a failure of American democracy that’s causing this,” said Sheldon Whitehouse, a Senate Democrat from Rhode Island. “It is a very specific and successful attack on American democracy by an industry with truly massive financial motivation to corrupt democratic institutions.”
A 16-page chapter of the report titled Dark Money lays out how “giant fossil fuel corporations have spent billions – much of it anonymized through scores of front groups – during a decades-long campaign to attack climate science and obstruct climate action”.
Senator Whitehouse: “I don’t think Americans understand enough the extent to which the fossil fuel industry has weaponized a whole variety of systems and laws that now competes with the government itself for dominance.”
Big oil remembers 'friend' Trump with millions in campaign funds
Donations to support the president’s re-election have flooded in from a fossil fuel industry that has enjoyed three years of energy deregulation and tax cuts...
* https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/aug/09/big-oil-trump-campaign-donations-fossil-fuel-industry
Climate, the Second Most Important Issue among US Voters
Polls tracking the issues in the 2020 campaign
NYT Climate (@nytclimate) tweeted at 0:28 PM on Mon, Aug 24, 2020
The number of Americans who feel passionately about climate change is rising sharply, and the issue appears likely to play a more important role in this year’s election than ever before...  
* https://t.co/xUFZmqJiL0 
The issue public around climate change has grown tremendously over time, the survey suggests. In 2015, the group was 13 percent of the population. By 2020, it had nearly doubled to 25 percent.
The survey was a joint project of Stanford, Resources for the Future, a Washington research group, and ReconMR, a survey research company.
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The Climate Crisis Is Still a Crisis
If the fate of American democracy is on the ballot in November, so too is the future of the planet
Op-Ed / The Atlantic / August 19, 2020
* https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/08/climate-crisis-still-crisis/615319/
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Inside Joe Biden's Network of Climate Advisers
: Kamala Harris on Climate Policy
* https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/inside-joe-bidens-network-of-climate-advisers/
* https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/kamala-harris-climate-record-senate-california-attorney-general-1043195/
* https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11082020/kamala-harris-joe-biden-election-2020-climate-change
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Last decade was Earth's hottest on record as climate crisis accelerates
* https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/aug/12/hottest-decade-climate-crisis-2019
... and 2020 is hot, hot
 
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Coastal Flooding Could Hit 20% of Global GDP
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Murdoch Family that Controls Fox Media Empire Imploding
Climate, Politics, News -- Inside the Family 
Rupert Murdoch's media empire 
News Corp hugely influential across the world
Including The Sun, The Times, Sky Corp-Sky News, the New York Post, global satellite distribution, entertainment media and internet corporations...
Fox Corporation (distinct from the News Corp as of 2013) - Fox networks, Fox News, Fox Business, Fox Sports
James Murdoch was previously regarded as heir apparent to his father's right-wing media empire, with its deep political influence around the world. He has grown increasingly critical of the firm's news outlets for their "denial" of the climate crisis.
As quoted: 
James and wife Kathryn grew increasingly vocal in expressing their progressive political views.
Following the deadly white supremacist protests in Charlottesville, Virginia, in 2017 James sent an open letter to company employees criticising US President Donald Trump's response. "I can’t even believe I have to write this: standing up to Nazis is essential; there are no good Nazis," he wrote. "Or Klansmen, or terrorists."
Last September he told The New Yorker: "There are views I really disagree with on Fox."
He made headlines again when he lashed out at the company's climate coverage during the summer bushfire crisis in Australia.
"Kathryn and James’ views on climate are well established and their frustration with some of the News Corp and Fox coverage of the topic is also well known,” a spokesperson for Murdoch and his wife told The Daily Beast website.
"They are particularly disappointed with the ongoing denial among the news outlets in Australia given obvious evidence to the contrary."
Earlier this month it was revealed that James and Kathryn had each donated US$615,000 to Joe Biden's campaign, making them among the Democratic nominee's biggest supporters.
Now, with just three months until the US presidential election, James is completely untethered from his family's empire - raising the possibility he will become more outspoken about his political views and his concerns about the Murdoch empire's editorial positions.
* https://amp.smh.com.au/world/north-america/james-murdoch-makes-statement-in-the-style-of-his-dramatic-departure-20200801-p55hjs.html
* https://news.sky.com/story/rupert-murdochs-son-james-quits-news-corporation-board-after-disagreements-over-editorial-content-12040255
* https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2020/07/james-murdoch-quits-news-corp-board-citing-editorial-rift.html
* https://www.dw.com/en/james-murdoch-quits-news-corp-board-over-editorial-content-disagreement/a-54399898
* https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-07-31/james-murdoch-quits-news-corp-board-over-editorial-content
* https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/31/business/media/james-murdoch-resigns-news-corp.html
* https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-08-01/james-murdoch-resigns-from-news-corp-board/12514700
* https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2020/07/31/media/james-murdoch-resigns-news-corp/index.html
 
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July 2020
U.S. Abandonment of International Climate Agreement Has Lasting Ramifications
* https://amp.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/jul/30/how-trump-emboldening-other-countries-bad-behavior-climate-crisis
The divisions Trump’s stance has opened up within his own nation have also been starkly in evidence at the annual UN climate talks, where for the last three years, two different American groups have been showing up. One occupies a brightly lit central pavilion hosting prominent politicians, celebrities, business leaders and top investors, attracting big audiences for glitzy presentations on clean technology and green jobs. These are Congressional Democrats, state leaders and city mayors, commanding huge budgets and able to slash emissions and foster green schemes, but without the levers of federal power. The real US delegation – the one with the power to vote and veto at the UN – sits down in the hall, in a small drab office with only a diminutive Stars and Stripes and photocopied sign on the firmly shut door, denoting its presence...
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 'The Great Climate Migration' 
Global / Interactive, Feature Story
NY Times / July 23, 2020
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This App Could Be a Game Changer
This could be a very big deal
There’s an old truism in the business world: what gets measured gets managed. One of the challenges in managing the greenhouse gas emissions warming the atmosphere is that they aren’t measured very well.
“Currently, most countries do not know where most of their emissions come from,” says Kelly Sims Gallagher, a professor of energy and environmental policy at Tufts University’s Fletcher School. “Even in advanced economies like the United States, emissions are estimated for many sectors.” Without this information “you cannot devise smart and effective policies to mitigate emissions,” she says, and “you cannot track them to see if you are making progress against your goals.”
Measure to Manage
The ultimate solution to this problem — the killer app, as it were — would be real-time tracking of all global greenhouse gases, verified by objective third parties, and available for free to the public. 
Now, a new alliance of climate research groups called the Climate TRACE (Tracking Real-Time Atmospheric Carbon Emissions) Coalition has launched an effort to make the vision a reality, and they’re aiming to have it ready for COP26, the climate meetings in Glasgow, Scotland, in November 2021 (postponed from November 2020). If they pull it off, it could completely change the tenor and direction of international climate talks. 
* https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2020/7/16/21324662/climate-change-air-pollution-tracking-greenhouse-gas-emissions-trace-coalition
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Methane rises to highest level on record
Livestock farming and fossil fuels are main causes of rise in gas, which is 28 times more powerful than CO2 at trapping heat
The data, the science, then comes the business of politics and choosing to act or not to act
* https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab9ed2
Study report findings, published in Earth System Science Data and Environmental Research Letters, show that more than half of the methane in the atmosphere now comes from human sources.
Climate stabilization remains elusive, with increased greenhouse gas concentrations already increasing global average surface temperatures 1.1 °C above pre-industrial levels (World Meteorological Organization 2019). Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuel use, deforestation, and other anthropogenic sources reached ~ 43 billion metric tonnes in 2019 (Friedlingstein et al 2019, Jackson et al 2019). Storms, floods, and other extreme weather events displaced a record 7 million people in the first half of 2019 (IDMC 2019). When global mean surface temperature four million years ago was 2 °C–3 °C warmer than today (a likely temperature increase before the end of the century), ice sheets in Greenland and West Antarctica melted and parts of East Antarctica's ice retreated, causing sea levels to rise 10–20 m (World Meteorological Organization 2019)...
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"Build Back Better": Biden Climate & Clean Energy Plan
* https://www.npr.org/2020/07/14/890814007/biden-outlines-2-trillion-climate-plan
* https://www.npr.org/2020/07/09/889347429/biden-counters-trumps-america-first-with-build-back-better-economic-plan
* https://joebiden.com/clean-energy/
Biden's climate initiative calls to chart the United States on "an irreversible path" to net-zero carbon emissions by 2050.
To do that, the plan would aim to achieve a carbon pollution-free power sector by 2035. It would also upgrade 4 million buildings and weatherize 2 million homes over four years to increase energy efficiency. And the proposal, Biden's campaign says, would seek to shift major cities toward public transportation and "create millions of good, union jobs rebuilding America's crumbling infrastructure."
Washington Gov. Jay Inslee, who made climate change the central focus of his failed 2020 Democratic presidential campaign, called Biden's plan "visionary." 
"This is no status quo plan," Inslee told the New York Times. "It is comprehensive. This is not some sort of, 'Let me just throw a bone to those who care about climate change.'" 
 Need to 'Reframe' the Climate Debate
Via Reuters / Biden v Trump on Environment, Climate, and Future -- the 2020 election will set the course
Major climate issues at play in the Nov. 3 election
Joe Biden has pledged to take action on climate change that would be "impossible" for a future president to reverse should he beat President Donald Trump in the November election.
The former vice president told renewable energy industry executives on a fundraising call Monday night (reported via Newsweek) that he would put down "such a marker" on climate change it would be "impossible for the next president to turn it around."
Speaking about his plan for tackling climate change, Biden said: "God willing I win and even if I serve eight years, I want to make sure we put down such a marker that it's impossible for the next president to turn it around."
He added that the climate crisis was the "most sweeping crisis of all," adding that it had an impact on other crises facing the U.S., including the coronavirus pandemic and the related economic downturn.
Over 100 environmental protection laws and regulations have been rolled back by the Trump administration. Trump has abandoned international agreements on climate and has moved the US to a position of pariah in global environmental security relations.
:List of Organizations Tracking US Environmental Rollbacks
:Climate Deregulation Tracker
:Columbia Law School Climate Change Laws
:Harvard Law School - Environmental Law Rollbacks
 
: 'Silencing Science' Tracker 
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Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW)
Another solution for dealing with CO2 
Rock dust, not a 'magic bullet', but add it to the climate response arsenal
Via The Guardian
“ERW (enhanced rock weathering) is a straightforward, practical approach.” Prof Jim Hansen and one of the research team, said: “Much of this carbonate will eventually [wash into] the ocean, ending up as limestone on the ocean floor.''
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Climate -- Facts & Falsehoods
Hard & Soft Lies in the Realm of Climate Politics
and... Sorting Out Fact from Fiction
Facebook's role in climate denial mis-info
* https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-denial-spreads-on-facebook-as-scientists-face-restrictions/
Follow ClimateFeedback.org, searching for factual climate info
* https://climatefeedback.org/feedbacks/
:::
Tracking Climate Change Denial & Misinfo 
GreenPolicy360 provides best-in-science climate news & reviews
* https://climatefeedback.org | ClimateFeedback.org
* https://climatecrocks.com/ | Climate -- Crocks, Denial, Facts & Vids
* http://www.desmogblog.com/ | Desmog Blog
* http://www.desmogblog.com/about | Desmog & Climate Change
* http://www.desmogblog.com/global-warming-denier-database | Denier Database
* http://www.desmogblog.com/slamming-the-climate-skeptic-scam | Desmog Perspective
* https://www.beforetheflood.com/explore/the-deniers/top-10-climate-deniers/ | Denier Favorites
* https://www.drillednews.com/post/fake-science-is-a-real-danger | Drilled - Corp Sponsored
* https://grist.org/series/skeptics/ | Grist on Skeptics
Re: Misinfo of 'Planet of the Humans' Documentary 
: Rebutting Climate Denier Talking Pts
* https://skepticalscience.com/argument.php | Skeptical Science Site
* https://skepticalscience.com/climate-models-intermediate.htm | Skeptical - Attacks on Climate Models
* https://www.snopes.com/collections/climate-change-denial-debunked/ | Snopes on Climate
Techniques of Science Denial (Graph)
:Techniques of Science Denial (Video)
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Twins... both advocates for #EarthScience from Space
Accelerating humanity's approaches to deal with the #ClimateCrisis'''
Photo by Astro Scott Kelly -- He sees the big picture... http://www.scottkelly.com/
Photo of Astro Mark Kelly -- He's now running to be Arizona's next Senator... http://www.markkelly.com/
Earth Science Research from Space
Twins double the data
https://blogs.nasa.gov/ISS_Science_Blog/2015/09/10/twins-double-the-data-for-space-station-research-part-one/
https://blogs.nasa.gov/ISS_Science_Blog/2015/09/21/twins-double-the-data-for-space-station-research-part-two/
June 2020
June 25, 2020
TV News' near silence on record-shattering temperatures in the Arctic is part of a disturbing trend in climate coverage
:NBC Today only program across US broadcast and cable TV networks to mention the record hot Arctic temperatures
:Broadcast and cable TV news has been nearly silent about the unfolding climate catastrophe in the Arctic
* https://www.mediamatters.org/broadcast-networks/tv-newss-near-silence-record-shattering-temperatures-arctic-part-disturbing
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Arctic
June 20, 2020
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Show Your Stripes
::
:::
 
Atmospheric CO2 levels rise sharply despite global economic impacts and Covid-19 lockdowns 
Via The Guardian
Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have risen strongly to a new peak this year in spite of the global effects of the coronavirus crisis
The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere reached 417.2 parts per million in May, 2.4ppm higher than the peak of 414.8ppm in 2019, according to readings from the Mauna Loa observatory in the US.
Carbon dioxide tends to peak each year in late May, when the impacts of the northern hemisphere spring have yet to take effect, so the month’s data is compared from year to year. Measurements have been taken continuously at the remote Mauna Loa observatory in Hawaii since 1958, providing vital information for climate scientists.
* https://scripps.ucsd.edu/programs/keelingcurve/
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Keep an Eye on Sean Casten and the New Plan of the Democrat's Climate Crisis Committee
By Nick Sobczyk, E&E News reporter
* https://www.eenews.net/stories/1063321787
Sean Casten is now a Democrat representing a quintessential swing district — Illinois' 6th — that was part of the party's 2018 House takeover strategy.
But unlike many newly elected Democratic moderates, Casten — an Irish-born clean energy entrepreneur — ran primarily on climate change.
"I'm quite certain that myself and [California Democratic Rep.] Mike Levin were the first two people to ever run for office on climate policy and win," Casten said during an extensive interview with E&E News shortly before COVID-19 turned the world on its head.
Both lawmakers now sit on the Select Committee on the Climate Crisis. Casten is also working on flood insurance on the Financial Services Committee and other energy and environmental issues on the Science, Space and Technology Committee.
He's also one of four co-chairs of the New Democrat Coalition's Climate Change Task Force. It's part of a climate-tinged moderate flair that helped him win a district that had been in Republican hands for nearly 50 years.
"I spent 16 years building companies that had a mission to profitably reduce greenhouse gas emissions," Casten said. "That still is my top issue."
For Casten, climate policy is the family business... Casten's Father, Tom Casten
Tom Casten has developed a reputation as one of the world's top experts on energy recycling and efficiency, testifying before Congress and authoring various articles as well as a book, "Turning Off the Heat: Why America Must Double Energy Efficiency to Save Money and Reduce Global Warming."
But after graduating from Middlebury College with a degree in biology and biochemistry, Sean Casten, like most college students, didn't want to follow directly in his father's footsteps.
"I felt like, OK, I don't want to do the same thing my dad did, but his whole career has been around the power side, and it seems like transportation is something we've got to fix," Casten said.
'Why don't we start something together?'
So he went back to school for a graduate degree in biochemical engineering from Dartmouth College and promptly got a job with mammoth consultancy Arthur D. Little's chemical engineering group doing fuel chain analyses...
Then came Turbosteam and then Recycled Energy Development 
The pair teamed up, and Casten moved to Illinois in 2007 to found Recycled Energy Development, a company focused on making steam systems more efficient by finding ways to use the excess to generate power.
The Castens sold off the company in 2016, before Sean ran for Congress, but he brings Recycled Energy Development's goal to Capitol Hill — to profitably slash greenhouse gas emissions.
The congressional expert
With that background close at hand, Casten swings from funny and engaging to eye-glazingly wonky, stringing together detailed answers about various aspects of climate policy that go far beyond the technical expertise of most lawmakers. It's the kind of stuff usually reserved for staffers.
"I got a real fetish for output-based emissions standards," Casten said, laughing as he chewed on a bagel during an early-morning interview in his Capitol Hill office. "Are you familiar with those?"
That's exactly the space he wants to occupy. Congress has plenty of doctors and public health experts to work on health care policy, and it has plenty of members, mostly Republicans, with backgrounds in extractive industries who are interested in energy. Few have the kind of specialty Casten has.
When Casten was heading up the U.S. Clean Heat and Power Association — the national trade group for his slice of the energy industry — he said they used to joke that the only members worth meeting with were the late Rep. John Dingell (D-Mich.), the longtime House Energy and Commerce Committee chairman, and Sen. Jeff Bingaman (D-N.M.).
"And if you couldn't get a meeting with them, get a meeting with staff, because it just wasn't going to be worth your time," he said, referring back to the long-term members, who have since left Congress.
That's to say that Casten knew Capitol Hill before he was elected to serve there. As chairman of the trade group in 2007, he was even called in to testify on energy efficiency policy before the Senate Finance Subcommittee on Energy, Natural Resources and Infrastructure, then chaired by Bingaman.
Nowadays, in Casten's view, there still aren't enough lawmakers who understand "the overlap between climate policy, energy policy and energy markets."
GreenPolicy360: Soon the Democrats in Congress will be putting forward their new #ClimateCrisis committee plan and legislative package. It promises to be one of the most critically important initiatives for the nation, and world, in the upcoming third decade of the 21st century. We can fully expect Sean Casten (with his father Tom whispering advice) to be out in front of the plan's proposal. Keep an eye on Casten... 
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Defend Our Future | #ClimateCrisis 🌎✊🏿✊🏽✊ (@DefendOurFuture) Tweeted:
If you are 35 years old or younger, you've never experienced a cooler-than-average month on Earth. #ActOnClimate #ClimateCrisis #FridaysForFuture 
* https://twitter.com/DefendOurFuture
* https://t.co/nv0UQwqc9M (Washington Post)
 
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May 2020
Earlier this week in Siberia up to 86 degrees F. (30.1 C.)
Arctic is ... Freakishly Warm
The Arctic has been on one recently. Russia had its hottest winter ever recorded, driven largely by Siberian heat. That heat hasn’t let up as the calendar turns to spring. In fact, it’s intensified and spread across the Arctic. Last month was the hottest April on record for the globe, driven by high Arctic temperatures that averaged an astounding 9.4 degrees Celsius above normal, according to NASA data...
Large parts of Russia were anywhere from 6 to 8 degrees Celsius hotter than normal, according to data kept by Russia’s weather service. That smashes the previous record set in the winter of 2015-16 by 1.3 degrees Celsius. Amid the widespread heat were major records in places like Moscow, which barely got a winter at all this year.
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"Unpriceable Climate Change Stalks $31 Trillion Debt Market"
Across continents, bond investors are struggling to answer what Deutsche Bank AG strategists dubbed “the question of our age” -- how much societies are willing to sacrifice in economic growth to counter climate change, and what that spells for the world’s $31 trillion sovereign debt market.
“It’s frankly very difficult to answer,” said Shamik Dhar, London-based chief economist for BNY Mellon Investment Management. “Some of the worst aspects of climate change haven’t been priced.”
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Unsuitable for 'human life to flourish' 
Up to 3B will live in extreme heat by 2070, study warns
Another chant, another warning chant from the chorus 
(In Greek) What happens next? What happens next? 
* https://amp.usatoday.com/amp/3063849001
* https://apnews.com/bdcdb1e537c2f23becb3960fbd4a8ed8
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Times They Are a Changing
National Center for Science Education (@NCSE)
A hotter planet changes relationships between infectious agents, hosts, and the human body's defense mechanisms.
New vectors, new viruses, new transnational threats are coming ...
Yes, a hotter planet is connected to pandemics
* https://t.co/agsrfkr0lA 
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Climate Models and Critiques of Climate Models
Refining the Models with Paleoclimate Data
CESM2 Models - Community Earth System Model, version 2 | Equilibium Climate Sensitivity (ECS) testing | CMIP5 and CMIP6 Coupled Models Intercomparison Project (CMIP) 
* https://phys.org/news/2020-04-latest-climate-unrealistically-high-future.amp
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GreenPolicy360 Siterunner:
Good science requires good data, scientific reasoning, discernment. 
At GreenPolicy we often cite an axiom 'you can manage only what you can measure', which NASA cites as a foundation for their earth science missions. We agree with the scientists at NASA. NASA programs such as OCO-2, satellite remote measurements and monitoring of CO2 in the earth's atmosphere provide essential data for effective policy decisions to limit harmful emissions.
As earth systems science progresses over the coming years years, we believe a constant dialogue and debate about good data and science is not only appropriate, but is necessary.
In the case of a recently released documentary on YouTube, 'Planet of the Humans', produced by Michael Moore and directed by Jeff Gibbs, hard questions dealing with climate change/global warming, scientific data and politics, threats and range of solutions, are appropriate to ask, no matter how challenging the questions. 
At the same time, we need good science -- facts, data, 'running the numbers', measuring and monitoring over time, analysis, evaluation -- to choose appropriate technology and to make personal choices dealing with climate change and our common environment. The choices are ours to make or we face the consequences of indecision and business-as-usual. Human-caused problems are realities we can observe and measure. Human-advanced answers are needed and necessary. 
The thoughts of Richard Heinberg from Post Carbon Institute should be considered. His years of work in the field of environmental science, climate, and energy are definitely worthy of respect. He and the Post Carbon Institute know about renwable energy, its ups and downs. Fossil fuels too. Richard also has a breadth of experience that few have that gives him an ability to 'get real' about this controversial documentary.
His initial conclusion? The Moore-Gibbs documentary is a "conversation starter". That it is. I agree. It can't be ignored. Questions of how best to deal with the facts of climate and environmental disruption, and strategic demands for new definitions of national/global security, are here and now.
These are questions GreenPolicy360 has raised since our founding. However one looks at the Moore-Gibbs argument, the Earth is in our hands. 
As planet citizens we have to act, good or bad. We are a 'planet of the humans.' Our choice. Humanity's choice. It's time we choose how to act. 
Planet of the Humans: A Personal, Thoughtful Review Published at the Post Carbon Institute by Richard Heinberg
* https://www.postcarbon.org/review-planet-of-the-humans/#
Review: Planet of the Humans
Richard Heinberg
April 27, 2020
"It starts a conversation we need to have"
A few days ago, Emily Atkin posted a reaction to Michael Moore’s latest film, Planet of the Humans (directed and narrated by Jeff Gibbs), in which she began by admitting that she hadn’t seen the film yet. When writers take that approach, you know there’s already blood in the water. (She has since watched the film and written an actual review. Full disclosure: I’m in the film, included as one of the “good guys.” But I don’t intend to let that fact distort my comments in this review.)
The film is controversial because it makes two big claims: first, that renewable energy is a sham; second, that big environmental organizations—by promoting solar and wind power—have sold their souls to billionaire investors.
I feel fairly confident commenting on the first of these claims, regarding renewable energy, having spent a year working with David Fridley of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to assess the prospects for a complete transition to solar and wind power.
We found that the transition to renewables is going far too slowly to make much of a difference during the crucial next couple of decades, and would be gobsmackingly expensive if we were to try replacing all fossil fuel use with solar and wind. We also found, as the film underscores again and again, that the intermittency of sunshine and wind is a real problem—one that can only be solved with energy storage (batteries, pumped hydro, or compressed air, all of which are costly in money and energy terms); or with source redundancy (building way more generation capacity than you’re likely to need at any one time, and connecting far-flung generators on a super-grid); or demand management (which entails adapting our behavior to using energy only when it’s available). All three strategies involve trade-offs. In the energy world, there is no free lunch. Further, the ways we use energy today are mostly adapted to the unique characteristics of fossil fuels, so a full transition to renewables will require the replacement of an extraordinary amount of infrastructure in our food system, manufacturing, building heating, the construction industry, and on and on. Altogether, the only realistic way to make the transition in industrial countries like the US is to begin reducing overall energy usage substantially, eventually running the economy on a quarter, a fifth, or maybe even a tenth of current energy.
Is it true that mainstream enviros have oversold renewables? Yes. They have portrayed the transition away from fossil fuels as mostly a political problem; the implication in many of their communications is that, if we somehow come up with the money and the political will, we can replace oil with solar and continue living much as we do today, though with a clear climate conscience. That’s an illusion that deserves shattering. But the film does make some silly mistakes. Gibbs claims that a solar panel will generate less energy than it took to build the panel. That’s a misleading claim. Many teams of researchers have addressed the question of energy return on energy invested for solar power, and even the most pessimistic results (with which I mostly agree) say that the technology can yield a marginal energy gain. Much of that gain goes away if we have to “pay” for the energy investment entailed in providing batteries or redundant capacity. Wind power generally has a better energy payback than solar, but the location of turbines matters a great deal and ideal sites are limited in number. Assessing solar and wind power calls for complicated energy accounting, but the film reduces that complexity to a blanket, binary dismissal.
The film is low on nuance, but our global climate and energy dilemma is all shades of gray. Gibbs seems to say that renewables are a complete waste of time. I would say, they are best seen as a marginal transitional strategy for industrial societies. Given climate change and the fact that fossil fuels are depleting, finite resources, it appears that if we want to maintain any sort of electrical energy infrastructure in the future, it will have to be powered by renewables—hydro, wind, or solar. As many studies have confirmed, the nuclear power industry has little realistic prospect of revival. The future will be renewable; there simply isn’t any other option. What is very much in question, however, is the kind of society renewable energy can support.
The fact is that we’ve already bet our entire future on electricity and electronics. Communications and information processing and storage have all been digitized. That means that if the grid goes down, we’ve lost civilization altogether. I don’t think we can maintain global grids at current scale without fossil fuels, but I can envision the possibility of a process of triage whereby, as population and resource consumption shrink, the digital world does as well, until it’s small enough to be powered by renewable electricity that can be generated with minimal and acceptable environmental damage.
I agree with Gibbs, however, that renewables are realistically incapable of maintaining our current levels of energy usage, especially in rich countries like the US. Transitioning to electric cars may be a useful small-scale and short-term strategy for reducing oil consumption (I drive one myself), but limits to lithium and other raw materials used in building e-cars mean we really need to think about how to get rid of personal cars altogether.
Mainstream enviros will hate this movie because it exposes some of their real failings. By focusing on techno-fixes, they have sidelined nearly all discussion of overpopulation and overconsumption. Maybe that’s understandable as a marketing strategy, but it’s a mistake to let marketing consultants sort truth from fiction for us.
During recent decades, the big environmental orgs wearied of telling their followers to reduce, reuse, and recycle. They came to see that global problems like climate change require systemic solutions that, in turn, require massive investment and governmental planning and oversight. But the reality is, we need both high-level systemic change and widespread individual behavior change. That’s one of the lessons of the coronavirus pandemic: “flattening the curve” demands both central planning and leadership, and individual sacrifice.
Planet of the Humans paints environmental organizations and leaders with a broad and accusatory brush. One target is Jeremy Grantham, a billionaire investment analyst who created the Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment in 1997. Grantham was already a mega-rich investor before he “got religion” on environmental issues. I’ve had several face-to-face meetings with him (full disclosure: the Grantham Foundation has provided modest funding to Post Carbon Institute, where I work) and it’s clear that he cares deeply about overpopulation and overconsumption, and he understands that economic growth is killing the planet. He’s scared for his children and grandchildren, and he genuinely wants to use whatever wealth and influence he has to change the world. To imply, as the film does, that he merely sees green tech as an investment strategy is a poorly aimed cheap shot. Bill McKibben, who is skewered even more savagely, also deserves better; he has replied to the film here.
Read Bill McKibben's Response to the Michael Moore Film
Finally, the film leaves viewers with no sense of hope for the future. I understand why Gibbs made that choice. Too often, “hopium” is simply a drug we use to numb ourselves to the horrific reality of our situation and its causes—in which we are all complicit.
Yet, however awful the circumstance, we need a sense of human agency. In the face of the pandemic, many of us are reduced to sitting at home sewing facemasks; it seems like a paltry response to a spreading sickness that’s taking tens of thousands of lives, but it’s better than sitting on our hands and saying “Woe is me.” The same goes for climate change: figuring out how to eat lower on the food chain, or how to get by without a car, or how to reduce home energy usage by half, or growing a garden might seem like trivial responses to such an overwhelming crisis, but they get us moving together in the right direction.
For all the reasons I’ve mentioned, Planet of the Humans is not the last word on our human predicament. Still, it starts a conversation we need to have, and it’s a film that deserves to be seen.
(Reprinted courtesy of Post Carbon Institute / Visit at https://www.postcarbon.org/)
More from GreenPolicy360:
Planet of the Humans, a documentary film
More Reviews of the Documentary:
Via Forbes by Robert Bryce 
• Stanford Prof. and Others 'Can’t Muzzle Planet Of The Humans’ 
• SLAPP lawsuit ruling against Mark Jacobson recharges renewables debate
• Planet of the Humans has been viewed over 4.6 million times in first weeks of its release on YouTube
In the background the arguments, politics and legal actions continue 
Via Vox - Planet of the Humans deceives viewers about clean energy and climate activists
Michael Moore produced a film about climate change that’s a gift to Big Oil
Via DeSmog - Climate Deniers Rush to Promote Michael Moore Film
An anti-renewables pile on by fossil fuel supporters
Via Inside Climate News - Things Michael Moore gets wrong in his film
The documentary's "facts" are deceptive and misleading, not to mention way out of date
 
Counting the Mistakes...
:
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April 2020
There's social media 'Trending', then there's real-world Trending...
2020 on course to be hottest year since records began
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How Much Cleaner EVs Are, Really
OilPrice.com Reveals Reports & Data
* https://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-General/New-Study-Reveals-Just-How-Much-Cleaner-EVs-Are.html
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Earth Day 2020
What legislative accomplishments did the first Earth Day movement push forward and enable?
Here's how we at GreenPolicy360 describe the first-generation environmental foundation of environmental protections that the Earth Day movement and pressure helped to build --
  
George E. Brown Jr
Rep. George E. Brown (D - California)
Drafter, First National Climate Act
First U.S. National Climate Act
 
• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:US_Public_Law_95-367.png
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Warmest Oceans on Record Could Set Off a Year of Extreme Weather
Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans have reached record highs
The world’s seas are simmering, with record high temperatures spurring worry among forecasters that the global warming effect may generate a chaotic year of extreme weather ahead. Parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans all hit the record books for warmth last month, according to the U.S. National Centers for Environmental Information.
In the Gulf of Mexico, where offshore drilling accounts for about 17% of U.S. oil output, water temperatures were 76.3 degrees Fahrenheit (24.6 Celsius), 1.7 degrees above the long-term average, said Phil Klotzbach at Colorado State University. If Gulf waters stay warm, it could be the fuel that intensifies any storm that comes that way...
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As of April 2020, what is the gasoline-powered future? What is 'the market' saying?
Market valuations:
:Tesla: $134 billion
:Honda: $39 billion
:BMW: $35 billion
:Daimler: $32 billion
:GM: $31 billion
:Ferrari: $28 billion
:Ford: $20 billion
:Nissan: $15 billion
:Subaru: $14 billion
:Fiat Chrysler: $12 billion
:Kia: $10 billion
:Mazda: $3 billion
Meanwhile:
Bank/Lender Takeovers Shock the Shale/Oil Patch
* https://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-General/Big-Banks-Set-To-Seize-Shale-Oil-Assets.amp.html
 U.S. Shale Bust Like No Other
* https://mobile.reuters.com/article/amp/idUSKCN21X0HC
Oil Price Collapse Puts Fracking Industry in the Crosshairs
* https://oilprice.com
* https://www.bloomberg.com/energy
“It’s a financial bloodbath,” said Clark Williams-Derry, an analyst at the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis. “With oil prices at the current level, there’s a real risk many of them will simply go bankrupt.”
Fracking now makes up 63% of U.S. oil production, the Energy Information Administration estimates. That figure was set to increase as oil/gas drilling grew faster in the U.S. than any other country, and 90% of that is dependent on fracking, according to a report by scientists at more than a dozen environmental groups.
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China: Hundreds of Coal-fired Power Stations to be Built?
* https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-will-china-build-hundreds-of-new-coal-plants-in-the-2020s
Powerful stakeholders, such as the network operator State Grid and industry body the China Electricity Council, are lobbying for targets that would allow hundreds of new coal-fired power stations to be built.
... a recent update to the “traffic light system” for new coal-power construction signaled further relaxation of permitting.
This is all despite significant overcapacity in the sector, with more than half of coal-power firms already loss-making and with typical plants running at less than 50% of their capacity.
The push for more coal power also appears at odds with China’s climate goals, including a target to peak its CO2 emissions no later than 2030. To reach this goal, low-carbon sources will need to cover any increases in energy demand, meaning less need for additional electricity generation from coal.
As the country grapples with the coronavirus pandemic, however, controls on overcapacity may be vulnerable to the political priority of propping up economic growth. As a result, the restraints on another coal power boom are likely to be financial and economic, rather than regulatory.
Coal power
China’s “economic miracle” has seen the country become the world’s second-largest economy and pulled nearly a billion people out of poverty. But this progress has been built on a boom in energy from coal, meaning China has also become the world’s largest carbon polluter by far.
China’s CO2 emissions increased again by around 2% in 2019, based on recently released official economic data, and 65% of the annual growth in energy consumption came from fossil fuels.
Coal is the most carbon-intensive fossil fuel and still accounted for 57.7% of China’s energy use in 2019, the data shows. Coal plants, which burn approximately 54% of all coal used in the country, provide 52% of generating capacity and 66% of electricity output – down from a peak of 81% in 2007.
China’s upcoming five year plan... will set national targets and priorities for the next five years. The energy targets that will be set by the plan mean it will be a crucial document for global efforts to tackle climate change.
China’s 14th FYP, five-year plan, setting out its national goals for 2021-2025, will arguably be one of the world’s most important documents for global efforts to tackle climate change.
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UN Climate Conference Postponed as World Grapples With Virus
United Nations climate talks scheduled for November in Scotland have been postponed as the coronavirus continues to spread
* https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-01/un-climate-conference-postponed-as-world-grapples-with-virus
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Oil/Gas Stock Prices Continue to Plunge
Fossil Fuels Demand Continues Historic Fall
Up, Down
* https://www.cnbc.com/2020/04/04/oil-set-to-crater-monday-as-opec-meeting-delayed-tensions-flare-between-saudi-arabia-and-russia.html
Gasoline Demand Drops Most Ever
* https://www.cnbc.com/amp/2020/04/01/the-other-bomb-thats-dropping-cramers-warning-as-first-shale-company-files-for-chapter-11.html
* https://mobile.reuters.com/article/amp/idUSKBN21J3RE
* https://www.msn.com/en-us/finance/markets/saudis-boost-oil-output-defying-trump-e2-80-99s-plea-to-end-price-war/ar-BB120I0d
* https://www.cnbc.com/2020/04/01/gop-sen-dan-sullivan-calls-on-saudis-to-end-its-oil-price-war.html
* https://finance.yahoo.com/news/trump-meet-oil-executives-reeling-190014896.html
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March 2020
Energy Lobby Op-Ed Says "People like cheap energy"
* https://www.nationalreview.com/2020/03/climate-change-policy-start-with-common-ground/
* https://www.desmogblog.com/institute-energy-research
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The Madmen of Climate Denial
Drilled: A True Crime Podcast about Climate Change
:Apple Podcasts
:Apple Podcasts-2
:Google Play
:Pocket Casts
:RadioPublic
:Stitcher
:Spotify
:TuneIn
 
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UN/WMO Report / State of the Global Climate
* https://youtu.be/Oft0nY_lnZI
 
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Shell makes plans for the future: An invite draws in a climate scientist
A report from the frontlines of the decarbonization movement
* https://nymag.com/intelligencer/amp/2020/03/shell-climate-change.html
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 'Goks Uncertainty Language': Editing US Government Documents to Insert Climate Denial and Equivocation Language
* https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/02/climate/goks-uncertainty-language-interior.html
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Andrew Wheeler, Administrator of the US EPA, 'spinning' the Administration's climate record
Congressional oversight committee pushes back
* https://www.eenews.net/stories/1062464145
"Excluding climate from the budget, eliminating research and voluntary industry partnership programs, and weakening modest existing rules, which is happening, does not give me any indication that the agency is taking this environmental threat seriously," (Rep. Tonko) said.
Wheeler, however, sought to shift the blame for EPA's limited response to climate change onto lawmakers.
"We take climate change seriously. We are implementing the laws Congress has given us," the EPA chief said. "Congress has not passed any new additional laws to address climate change."''
Early this Congress, Tonko spearheaded Energy and Commerce's passage of a measure, H.R. 9, to keep the United States in the Paris climate accord. He is now leading the House's effort to pass a more ambitious carbon-cutting measure (E&E Daily, Feb. 25). Neither bill is likely to pass in the Republican-controlled Senate.
"Mr. Administrator, with all due respect, I don't know how you could make a statement like that after the Administration's complete abandonment of federal climate action," Tonko responded. "Americans are watching; the world is watching. I don't think anyone is reassured."
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Another scientific study, another eye-opening result: Methane CH4 is more prevalent than thought
This result indicates that anthropogenic fossil CH4 emissions are underestimated by about 38 to 58 teragrams CH4 per year, or about 25 to 40 per cent of recent estimates. Our record highlights the human impact on the atmosphere and climate, provides a firm target for inventories of the global CH4 budget, and will help to inform strategies for targeted emission reductions.
* https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-1991-8
* https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2020/02/19/world/methane-emissions-humans-fossil-fuels-underestimated-climate-change/index.html
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BP pledges to cut its emissions, to 'reimagine' a NetZero goal by 2050, as memories of the BP Deepwater Horizon Gulf of Mexico oil spill disaster continue on...
BP "Reimagining Energy" ... Our purpose is reimagining energy for people and our planet. We want to help the world reach net zero and improve people’s lives. 
: We will aim to dramatically reduce carbon in our operations and in our production, and grow new low carbon businesses, products and services.
: We will advocate for fundamental and rapid progress towards Paris and strive to be a leader in transparency.
: We know we don’t have all the answers and will listen and work with others. 
: We want to be an energy company with purpose; one that is trusted by society, valued by shareholders and motivating for everyone who works at BP. 
: We believe we have the experience and expertise, the relationships and the reach, the skill and the will, to do this.
This will mean tackling around 415 million tonnes of emissions – 55 million from our operations and 360 million tonnes from the carbon content of our upstream oil and gas production. Importantly these are absolute reductions, to net zero, which is what the world needs most of all. We are also aiming to cut the carbon intensity of the products we sell by 50% by 2050 or sooner.
The world’s carbon budget is finite and running out fast; we need a rapid transition to net zero. -- Bernard Looney, chief executive officer
○ 
Questions of Scope: How to Define and Measure Emissions Reductions
* https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-02-11/why-company-carbon-cuts-should-include-scope-check-quicktake
* https://www.tampabay.com/opinion/2020/02/14/hold-bp-to-pledge-on-cutting-emissions-editorial/
* https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/florida-keys/article240263391.html
* https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/7/eaaw8863
* https://climatereality.com/blog/actions-vs-words-look-fossil-fuel-greenwashing
More on Fossil Fuels
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Fossil_Fuels
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Via the U.S. National Center for Science Education (@NCSE) and Carbon Brief:
Nine ‘tipping points’ that could be triggered by climate change
: 1. Shutdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
: 2. West Antarctic ice sheet disintegration
: 3. Amazon rainforest dieback
: 4. West African monsoon shift
: 5. Permafrost and methane hydrates
: 6. Coral reef die-off
: 7. Indian monsoon shift
: 8. Greenland ice sheet disintegration
: 9. Boreal forest shift
* https://t.co/kq2PpyGnpW
* https://t.co/AZKnLySdSs 
* https://twitter.com/NCSE/status/1227313998481313794
Tipping Points: 'Too close for comfort'
* https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-03595-0
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Global Trends in Climate Change Litigation
* The lawsuits are speeding up and adding up / Grantham Institute
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Real Money's Jim Cramer explains...
* https://realmoney.thestreet.com/jim-cramer/jim-cramer-once-again-why-fossil-fuels-are-on-the-wrong-side-of-history-15227698
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::
 
::Extreme Projections (RCPs) at Issue
:: Maybe a More Middling Projection Is Called For (or Not)
::Do You Feel Lucky?
::* https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00177-3
::Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs)
::* https://www.nature.com/articles/nature08823
::A new generation of scenarios, called the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs), has a much more nuanced approach to baselines. 
::RCPs to SSPs ... This means IPCC authors can highlight a broader range of climate change outcomes.
About the IPCC
::IPCC reports draw on the many years of work by the scientific community investigating climate change.
::More than 830 coordinating lead authors, lead authors and review editors from over 80 countries and covering a range of scientific, technical and socio-economic views and expertise, produced the three working group contributions, supported by over 1000 contributing authors and drawing on the insights of over 2,000 expert reviewers in a process of repeated review and revision.
::The authors assessed more than 30,000 scientific papers to develop the Fifth Assessment Report. About 60 authors and editors drawn from the IPCC Bureau and from Working Group author teams have been involved in the writing of the Synthesis Report.
:○
 
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Famous Money Advisor - Author - TV Personality, Jim Cramer, is down on fossil fuel companies
I'm done with fossil fuels. They're done... We're in the death-knell phase.
: (Video interview)
* https://twitter.com/CNBC/status/1223246855015993345
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Fossil_Fuels
○
2020: Looking Out at the New Year
Hottest Decade on Record
(Via International wire services reporting)
The decade that just ended was by far the hottest ever measured on Earth, capped off by the second-warmest year on record, two US agencies NASA and NOAA reported. And scientists said they see no end to the way man-made climate change keeps shattering records.
“If you think you’ve heard this story before, you haven’t seen anything yet,” Gavin Schmidt, director of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies, said at the close of a decade plagued by raging wildfires, melting ice and extreme weather that researchers have repeatedly tied to human activity.
Schmidt said Earth as a whole is probably the hottest it has been during the Holocene — the past 11,500 years or so — meaning this could be the warmest period since the dawn of civilization. But scientists’ estimates of ancient global temperatures, based on tree rings, ice cores and other telltale signs, are not precise enough to say that with certainty.
The 2010s averaged 58.4 degrees Fahrenheit (14.7 degrees Celsius) worldwide, or 1.4 degrees (0.8 C) higher than the 20th century average and more than one-third of a degree (one-fifth of a degree C) warmer than the previous decade, which had been the hottest on record, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
The decade had eight of the 10 hottest years on record. The only other years in the top 10 were 2005 and 1998.
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Movers and shakers in the world of capital are shifting investments
More are disinvesting in short-term high risk fossil fuels
Climate impacts are factoring in to strategies
* https://www.bloomberg.com/amp/news/articles/2020-01-22/the-world-s-most-profitable-hedge-fund-is-now-a-climate-radical
Chris Hohn, the front-of-market money manager with $30 billion in assets, is pushing portfolio companies to dramatically reduce greenhouse gas emissions and disclose their carbon footprint. If they don’t, he says he’ll oust their boards or dump their shares... (Read the story at Bloomberg) 
From SJS / GreenPolicy360's siterunner:
U.S. CO2 Emissions Data/Graphs for 2019: Coal continues downward trend, Renewables continue up
* https://insideclimatenews.org/news/07012020/infographic-united-states-emissions-2019-climate-change-greenhouse-gas-coal-transportation
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For Years he has claimed climate change and global warming are a 'Hoax'. Today he says 'no, it's a very serious subject', then he attacks the foundation law of environmental protection 
* https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/01/09/this-is-perhaps-trumps-most-cynical-comment-about-environment-yet/
National Environmental Policy Act
* https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/09/trump-to-announce-sweeping-changes-to-the-national-environmental-policy-act.html
* https://www.npr.org/2020/01/09/794857523/trump-administration-proposes-major-changes-to-bedrock-environmental-law 
* https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2020/01/trump-national-environmental-policy-act-nepa-review-oil-mining-projects.html
* https://earthjustice.org/features/nepa
NEPA is often said to be the Magna Carta of the environmental movement...
 
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An Australian in the midst of the fires: Time to cast a harsh judgment and 'some blame' on 'the other side' reporting of climate denial
* https://amp.brisbanetimes.com.au/national/queensland/we-the-media-must-take-some-of-the-blame-as-australia-burns-20200106-p53pc3.html
Murdoch Media -- Australia, U.K., U.S. & International 24/7/365, Concerted Campaign Against 'Greenies' Continues Day In, Day Out
 
* https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/08/world/australia/fires-murdoch-disinformation.html
 
Murdoch's News Corp
'Dangerous, misinformation'
* https://amp.theage.com.au/environment/climate-change/dangerous-misinformation-news-corp-employee-s-fire-coverage-email-20200110-p53qel.html
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2019: GreenPolicy360 Featured Stories
 
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December 2019
Looking Back, Looking Forward
High points and low points from 2019
* https://www.yaleclimateconnections.org/2019/12/the-high-and-low-points-for-climate-change-in-2019/
Katharine Hayhoe, PhD, of Texas Tech, looking beyond the U.S., is very encouraged by real-world, large-scale, system-wide actions that are being taken by countries around the world. For example:
Canada has a federal price on carbon and re-elected the party that introduced it (as compared to Australia where they were voted out and the carbon tax was flushed down the toilet).
The United Kingdom has (at least temporarily) imposed a moratorium on fracking.
Finland is phasing out coal and it will be banned by 2029.
Norway’s sovereign wealth fund is divesting from companies dedicated to oil and gas exploration.
Ireland became the first country in the world to divest from fossil fuels entirely.
New Zealand has committed to being carbon neutral by 2050, and Scotland by 2045. Additionally, nearly 70% of 
Scotland’s electricity is already green.
Hayhoe says she is encouraged by “the increasing awareness of the climate crisis and its coverage by the media,” and she pointed to youth protests, major IPCC and National Climate Assessment reports...
Emissions Up, Heat Up
2019 --- After Years of Warning Reports --- and Years of Rejections of the Reports, the Science and Data 
A Decade Comes to an End, 2020 Begins as the #ClimateCrisis Accelerates
 
The Production Gap report, which revealed that the world was planning to produce about 50% more fossil fuels in 2030 than would be consistent with limiting warming to 2 C, and 120% more than would be consistent with limiting warming to 1.5 C. Rather than reducing emissions as promised, the International Monetary Fund found countries have been stoking them by subsidizing fossil fuels to the tune of trillions of dollars a year.
Hard on the Production Gap report, a report by the World Meteorological Organization showed the concentration of climate-heating greenhouse gases had hit a new record high in 2018 with no sign of a slowdown.
This was followed by the U.N.’s Emissions Gap report, which warned that even if countries met all the pledges they had signed up to in 2015 (which is unlikely), we could expect a 3.2 C temperature rise by the end of the century. This would make much more of the world unlivable, with hotter, deadlier heatwaves, more frequent floods and droughts and lost harvests.
The year comes to an end amid extreme weather events, superstorms, heatwaves and wildfires...
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Bill McKibben at the Bioneers Conference
: "This is the 30th birthday of Bioneers..." Bill talks of climate change.....
:: Video, Introduced by Kenny Ausubel of the Bioneers 
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More Than Climate Plans Are Needed
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Bill_McKibben,_planet_citizen
Bill McKibben: Whoever gets the Dem nomination should hire whoever is writing @MikeBloomberg's climate plans. 
Mike Bloomberg has a plan to clean up electricity and it doesn’t need Congress
Bloomberg would supercharge the EPA to get rid of coal and block new natural gas
Via Vox / By David Roberts / December 17, 2019
* https://www.vox.com/platform/amp/energy-and-environment/2019/12/17/21023873/mike-bloomberg-climate-change-policy-power-natural-gas-coal
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Russia's President Putin Talks Climate
* Video
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Climate Summit in Madrid ends without action agenda. More promises to act, few commitments
Video with Dr. Peter Carter/ 'What about the science?'
* https://m.youtube.com/watch?feature=youtu.be&v=oa13KrOvE2s 
* https://www.reuters.com/article/us-climate-change-accord-quotebox/total-disconnect-voices-from-marathon-madrid-climate-summit-idUSKBN1YJ0EW
* https://www.carbonbrief.org/cop25-key-outcomes-agreed-at-the-un-climate-talks-in-madrid
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The Science and Policy of Climate Action
* https://eos.org/agu-news/the-science-and-policy-of-climate-action
* https://fromtheprow.agu.org/agu-revises-climate-and-data-position-statements-declares-world-in-climate-crisis-and-reaffirms-data-as-a-world-heritage/
* https://www.agu.org/Share-and-Advocate/Share/Policymakers/Position-Statements/Position_Climate
Former California Governor Jerry Brown: 
“Scientists have to get the word to the politicians that the lifeblood of the future is new knowledge.”
It's up to scientists like you... To educate... To cut through the fog of politics... 
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In Madrid, how did the first week of the 25th UN Climate Change Conference go?
* https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/dec/09/cop25-climate-summit-what-happened-during-first-week
:
UN: About the Conference, Things You Need to Know
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Europe’s Green Deal Aims For 2050 ‘Climate-Neutral Continent’
In Madrid at the 25th Annual International Climate Conference
The European Commission has unveiled the three-decade roadmap towards a sustainable economy. The Green Deal aims to achieve EU’s climate neutrality by mid-century and will cover all economic sectors, notably energy, agriculture, and transport.
“The European Green Deal is our new growth strategy,” said the new Commission chief Ursula von der Leyen on December 11. The former defense minister of Germany has promised to present the first European Climate Law within 100 days.
By next summer, the EU Executive will launch a plan to increase EU’s 2030 climate target from the current 40% to 50-55% in order to make possible the net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.
Among the actions to lead the global fight against climate change, the Commission proposes revisions on the renewable energy and energy efficiency directives. In this area, there is a particular focus on redesigning European buildings...
World leaders arrive at the 25th UN Climate Change Conference
#TiempoDeActuar! #TimeforAction !
"We inherited the planet from our parents, and we need to hand it over to future generations" - @KurtykaMichal formally opens the #ClimateChange gathering before handing over its Presidency to Carolina Schmidt @CarolaSchmidtZ.
 
Webcast
Recently a majority of lawmakers in the European Parliament voted to declare "a climate and environmental emergency in Europe and globally." The European Parliament vote to declare a 'climate emergency' stands in stark contrast to the United States and its president.
Read about Fossil Fuels and Continuing Emissions Production
(CNN) It's a summit that could make or break the world's climate commitments.
Around 25,000 people from 200 countries are descending on Madrid this week to attend the COP25 climate change conference. They include dozens of heads of state and government, business leaders, scientists and, of course, activists -- including Swedish teenager Greta Thunberg.
United Nations Secretary General Antonio Guterres said Sunday that the summit marks the "point of no return" in humanity's fight against climate change.
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GreenPolicy360 Arctic Watch 
What happens in the North doesn't stay in the North
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Arctic
 
The North Polar Region has warmed almost as much in the last decade as the whole of the Earth in the last 137 years, according to a new study.
The research paper claims the Arctic has warmed by 1.35°F (0.75°C) in 10 years, while Earth as a whole has warmed by around 1.44°F (0.8°C) since the start of the 1880s.
The new research paper, written by 15 international experts, predicts the effects of a 3.6°F (2°C) average global temperature rise – a milestone anticipated in the Paris Agreement.
 'Many of the changes over the past decade are so dramatic they make you wonder what the next decade of warming will bring,' said lead author Eric Post, a UC Davis professor of climate change ecology. 
 'If we haven't already entered a new Arctic, we are certainly on the threshold.' 
Science Advances: Arctic Warming Fast & Faster
* https://www.wired.com/story/the-arctic-is-warming-much-faster-than-the-rest-of-earth/
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November 2019
 
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UK-US Trade Agreement after Brexit: Climate Action Provisions?
Check out what US trade reps state can't be added into any agreement (climate policy banned)
* https://twitter.com/alexwickham/status/1199646273114124289
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Central Banks and IMF Plan Climate Impact Economic 'Stress Tests' 
* https://www.bloomberg.com/amp/news/articles/2019-11-26/central-banks-should-do-stress-tests-on-climate-imf-says
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Climate Action Now
"We have to start working beyond targets," New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern tells Parliament. "We have to start working beyond aspiration. We have start moving beyond signs of hope and deliver signs of action. That is what this government is doing and proudly so."
* (Video) https://twitter.com/nzlabour/status/1192318245149143040
* https://www.ecowatch.com/new-zealand-zero-emissions-2641247378.html
With a goal of Net Zero Emissions
* https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/07/the-growing-list-of-countries-committing-to-a-net-zero-emissions-goal
 
October 2019
Covering Climate Now
* https://www.coveringclimatenow.org
* https://twitter.com/hashtag/coveringclimatenow #coveringclimatenow 
A global journalism initiative committed to bringing more and better coverage to the defining story of our time
More than 250 news outlets around the world have committed to Covering Climate Now. What is it? An initiative to provide focused coverage of the climate crisis in print, on air and online.
 
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On Thin Ice 
* https://www.euronews.com/2019/10/28/walking-on-thin-ice-in-the-arctic
The Arctic has been warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet, with higher temperatures pushing sea ice into a loop of melting and thinning. Its extent is lower today than in the ‘80s and ‘90s in “every area, every month and every season”, according to a recent IPCC report, which points out the plunging sea ice levels of September are probably unseen in at least 1,000 years. The same report points out that the Arctic’s sea ice melt season has grown as ice melts earlier and waters freeze later in the year. “We'll have winter sea ice for a long time to come, but unless actions are quickly taken, the summer sea ice might be essentially gone only a few decades from now,” says Dr. Mark Serreze, director of the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC).
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Soaking Up CO2: Don't Forget the Role of the Fungi
* https://m.phys.org/news/2013-03-fungi-responsible-carbon-sequestration-northern.html
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Slow Desertification, Buy Time to Fully Confront Global Warming
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Loss of Natural Vegetation Has Huge Impact on Climate
CO2 increases, observed to be correlated with more recent temperature trends according to NASA’s OCO-2 satellite observations, are a result of trends in the loss of natural vegetation, respiration and ability to uptake carbon...
 
~ 
A new NASA study provides space-based evidence that Earth’s tropical regions were the cause of the largest annual increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration seen in at least 2,000 years.
In 2015 and 2016, OCO-2 recorded atmospheric carbon dioxide increases that were 50 percent larger than the average increase seen in recent years preceding these observations. These measurements are consistent with those made by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). That increase was about 3 parts per million of carbon dioxide per year -- or 6.3 gigatons of carbon. In recent years, the average annual increase has been closer to 2 parts per million of carbon dioxide per year -- or 4 gigatons of carbon.
These record increases occurred even though emissions from human activities in 2015-16 are estimated to have remained roughly the same as they were prior to the El Nino, which is a cyclical warming pattern of ocean circulation in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean that can affect weather worldwide.
In eastern and southeastern tropical South America, including the Amazon rainforest, severe drought spurred by El Nino made 2015 the driest year in the past 30 years. Temperatures also were higher than normal. These drier and hotter conditions stressed vegetation and reduced photosynthesis, meaning trees and plants absorbed less carbon from the atmosphere. The effect was to increase the net amount of carbon released into the atmosphere.
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"Managed Retreat"
* https://earther.gizmodo.com/americans-are-already-moving-away-from-the-rising-water-1838914613/amp
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Sea-Level_Rise
Los Angeles Times: The Climate Crisis Is Here, What Are You Doing About It?
* https://www.latimes.com/opinion/editorials/la-ed-climate-change-crisis-global-warming-part-1-story.html
September 2019
Carbon Budgeting as Financial Planning Budgeting
As #PlanetCitizens w/ GreenPolicy360, we turn to our friends at #GlobalCitizen for a deep discussion of a heating Earth, CO2 and a ticking clock'''
* https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/what-does-a-carbon-budget-mean/
* SJS/GreenPolicy360 -- We/GreenPolicy360 recommend a new descriptor for carbon pricing -- Not a tax, let's call it... +EC... +Emissions Cost 
: 
: 
One Year Later --- as Greta's Protest of One Grows Worldwide
: One becomes many, a ripple becomes waves
: Millions Join In
: 
::::
:
Climate Week / Climate Strike
:Global Climate Strike, Find Your Local Strike Event
• https://twitter.com/hashtag/ClimateAction
• https://twitter.com/hashtag/ClimateStrikes
• https://twitter.com/hashtag/ClimateCrisis
• https://twitter.com/hashtag/FridaysForFuture
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Scott Sawyer Planet Citizen lays it out -- Confronting Climate Change
Go Scott go! Climate Week is happening!!
#ClimateWeekisHere 
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Climate Change Solutions: the Fight for Earth
• https://time.com/climate-change-solutions/ 
Dr. Marvel: Beyond Hope Is Courage
Time to #ActonClimate, Putting Science to Good Use
* https://onbeing.org/blog/kate-marvel-we-need-courage-not-hope-to-face-climate-change/
More from Dr. Kate Marvel
* https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/hot-planet/shut-up-franzen/
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"Clean Energy for America": Elizabeth Warren's Climate Plan
Warren Picks Up the Inslee Climate Plan
August 2019
Methane, a huge driver of climate change
Read More on Methane Production and the EPA
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 Why the Democratic National Committee Must Change the Rules and Hold a Climate Debate
By Naomi Klein
NYT / Bernie Sanders’s ‘Green New Deal’: A $16 Trillion Climate Plan
Eight Dem Pres Candidates Prep for Climate Debate / Hosted by CNN, Sept. 4
Gov. Inslee Out, Calif Sen. Harris to Skip
Jay Inslee withdraws from presidential campaign, but promises to keep fighting climate change and the climate crisis
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Tree Mortality
Oldest Baobabs Are Ending Their Time on Earth
 
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Scientific American: 'Growing Number of Americans Are Alarmed about Global Warming' 
The Jet Stream, the Gulf Stream, Greenland, Europe & Florida: All Connected
Climate change: how the jet stream is changing your weather
https://www.ft.com/content/591395fe-b761-11e9-96bd-8e884d3ea203
	
Northern Atlantic current is shifting course — with implications for crops and sea levels
A heatwave in Greenland is producing record highs across the ice sheet, including at East Grip, the second highest monitoring station. “If you start melting at the top of the ice sheet, we are going to lose [the] Greenland ice sheet long-term."
Via London's Financial Times
At the summit of the Greenland ice cap the temperature rarely rises above zero degrees centigrade — the elevation is 3,200m and the ice below is more than a mile thick.
But last Friday (Aug 2, 2019), as the sun beat down, a small weather station laden with sensors captured something highly unusual: the temperature crept past zero and up to 3.6C — the highest since records began three decades ago. As temperatures rose across the massive ice sheet, which blankets an area five times the size of Germany, around 60 per cent of the surface started to melt, one of the largest ever recorded.
Scientists know of only three prior occasions in the past 800 years when there has been melting at the very top of the Greenland ice cap, which is kept chilled by the large volume of ice beneath. But this seems to be getting more frequent — it is now the second time this decade it has happened.
“The last time we saw melting at the summit, in 2012, we thought it was the extreme of the extremes, and wouldn’t happen again so quickly,” says Konrad Steffen, a professor of climate and cryosphere at ETH Zurich, who operates a network of 18 monitoring stations across the ice sheet. “But now we are facing more of these extremes.”
The immediate trigger for the heatwave was a shift in atmospheric currents high above the earth’s surface: the North Atlantic Jet Stream... Scientists are racing to understand how this current of air is changing as the planet heats up...
As Gulf Stream cools and weakens, what’s in store for Florida?
http://www.tampabay.com/environment/as-gulf-stream-cools-and-weakens-whats-in-store-for-florida-20190805
Melting ice caps in Greenland are disrupting this marine circulatory system, which has reached its weakest point in 1,600 years, recent studies show
Via the South Florida Sun Sentinel 
Visible from the air as a ribbon of cobalt blue water a few miles off the coast, the Gulf Stream forms part of a clockwise system of currents that transports warm water from the tropics up the east coast and across the Atlantic to northwestern Europe. In the frigid climate near Greenland, the water cools, sinks and flows south again, rolling through the deep ocean toward the tropics.
A weaker Gulf Stream would mean higher sea levels for Florida’s east coast. It could lead to colder winters in northern Europe (one reason many scientists prefer the term climate change to global warming). And it could mean that a lot of the heat that would have gone to Europe would stay along the U.S. east coast and in Florida.
“If you slow down the sinking of water in the North Atlantic, that means you have a pileup of waters along the eastern seaboard of the United States and the Gulf of Mexico,” said Brenda Ekwurzel, director of climate science for the Union of Concerned Scientists, an environmental group. “That means that you have increased regional sea level rise just from that ocean circulation change. So that’s not good for New York City, Norfolk or along Florida.” 
Unlike other climate change phenomena, such as sea level rise, the collapse of the current could happen suddenly if it reaches a tipping point. 
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July 2019
Read the Interview between Paul Hawken and the Bioneers
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Climate Crisis, Atmospheric Disruption, the Global Horizon and 'Weight of the World' 
Burdens of Being a Climate Scientist, Pressures of Everyday Work and Realizations 
Green New Deal, Positions on the Issues, US 2020 Presidential Campaign
(as of July 2, 2019, updated weekly)
Comprehensive comparison on climate of U.S. Democratic Party 2020 presidential candidates on climate 
GreenPolicy 360: Update: In the United States, as the world observes, a political crisis in in underway. The U.S. politics is roiled by dissension, anger, a president who is more than divisive with accusations and daily threats against people and countries. 
Currently, in the U.S. Senate, the Republican party is wielding a majority vote as a result of an electoral system promolgated at the time of slavery as a compromise to bring into the federal union the slave-holding states of the South. The so-called 'red states' in today's U.S. politics the vestiges of the past have resulted in a Senate Majority leader from Kentucky, Sen. Mitch McConnell, who has hold the power in the Senate to allow or block any legislative initiative or legislative proposal. With the blocking mandate of Kentucky Senator Mitch McConnell, there is no chance of passage of climate legislation. The filibuster and arcane parliamentary rules, backed by U.S. Supreme Court enabled political financing by deep pocket donors, added on top of the Senate's composition determined with a Constitutional representation of two Senators per state no matter the population of the state, ensures that no significant change will occur for years to come. The disproportionate power of small population, rural U.S. states is a fact. Blocking of visionary and necessary change, blocking of the nation's and global security is a fact. The withdrawal of the U.S. from the international climate agreement leaves the United States as the only country in the world to reject the 2015 Paris climate accord. 
The question becomes 'what's next?' 
As Democratic party candidates campaign for president in the 2020 election, the Democratic party continues to look at possibilities for substantive change in the nation's direction, beginning with a forward-looking energy policy and #ClimateSolutions to realistically, immediately advance national and global security. 
The coming storm that is expanding on the horizon -- climate disruption and all its consequences -- is more than real. Science can issue the warnings of a #ClimateCrisis. It is up to the political leadership to act. 
A Climate Debate by Democratic Presidential Candidates? Then What? What's Next?
 
Let's take a look at what one commentator, David Roberts, says about questions to be asked:
Via Vox / July 3, 2019
According to most polling, Democrats’ best hope in 2020 is a fairly narrow majority in the Senate. There is no chance of getting to 60 Senate votes on any Democratic bill. So as long as Mitch McConnell is willing to filibuster everything, no legislation, including climate legislation, can pass. If Democrats win a majority in the Senate, will you advocate for reforming or scrapping the filibuster?
In my experience, everyone, including candidates and average voters, is annoyed by this question. And it violates my premise above, since it’s not directly under the president’s power.
But I don’t see any way around it. I don’t see any point in talking about legislation of any kind as long as McConnell wields the filibuster. He will kill everything he has the ability to kill. He has made that very, very clear.
I would also accept, as a substitute here, any kind of democracy reform question — restoring voting rights, ending partisan gerrymandering, statehood for DC, what have you. I agree with South Bend mayor and candidate Pete Buttigieg: The system is so structurally stacked against progressives at this point that they have got to take the time to prioritize structural reform for once. Ambitious climate policy, or policy of any kind, has become prohibitively difficult.
Conservatives want to break Congress as a legislative body and simply use it to stack the federal bench with conservative judges. That’s largely what they’ve done under Trump. Democrats have got to make the system work again before any of the other stuff they talk about is possible.
○
June 2019
 
As the US Democratic party holds its first 2020 presidential candidates debate in Miami...
Out of four hours of televised debate, how much time involved climate and/or 'existential questions'?
15 Minutes Among Twenty Candidates. Two Nights, Eight Minutes+Seven Minutes
The first climate question arrives more than 80 minutes into the Dem presidential debate on both nights
::
Photo via Vox
https://www.vox.com/platform/amp/policy-and-politics/2019/6/28/18906968/democratic-debate-2019-climate-change
Via the Washington Post / First Debate Night, Seven Minutes in Miami, Florida 
"Tonight’s debate made it crystal clear that the media and the political establishment are out of touch with our generation," said Varshini Prakash, executive director of the Sunrise Movement. "Our survival is worth more time than vague, irrelevant, and trivial questions posed 80 minutes into the debate to a few minor candidates."
: Via The New Republic / First Democratic Debate Failed the Planet
GreenPolicy360: In 2016, during all the US presidential debates, a 
climate policy question was asked, what, once? Tonight (June 26th) the US Democratic Party starts their presidential campaign debate, in Miami, even as the current US pres denies the big picture, the climate/global/atmospheric threat, the existential challenges, the national/state and local #ClimateCrisis impacts. 
For decades now the GreenPolicy team has warned of the gathering crisis and we have urged a New Vision, a strategic vision with New Definitions of National and Global Security. The time is now for the Democratic Party to step up and face the great challenge of our generation -- climate disruption, climate crisis. 
In Florida, the consequences of sea level rise are vivid and VERY real.
Globally, this is an existantial crisis, climate disruption, that is, atmospheric disruption, what GreenPolicy360 calls the disruption of the "thin blue layer", earth's life protecting atmosphere.
Speaking of climate disruption, global security and protection/preservation of the atmosphere, watch this scientist talk of the clear and present dangers of nuclear war. We are "one mistake away" from nuclear war initiated by any of the nuclear weapons countries (the U.S., Russia, China, India, Pakistan, Israel, France, the U.K., North Korea) leading to regional impacts spreading to global winter and collapse of civilization.
We need New Definitions of National and Global Security and concerted action now to protect our common security and prevent the fast escalating threats to life as we know it.
Via the Tampa Bay Times / Florida could face $76 billion in climate change costs by 2040
• https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/24/us/miami-democratic-debates.html
No question is of more critical importance to Florida’s future, or to the Democrats’ chance to take the state in next year’s presidential election. It is so important that some activists had hoped that climate change would be the sole focus when 20 Democrats take the debate stage for the first time in this campaign on Wednesday and Thursday in downtown Miami.
Climate change is now among the top three 2020 election issues cited by Florida Democrats, according to a new statewide survey. Some 71 percent of Florida voters, including 85 percent of Democrats, support government action to address climate change, according to the survey by Climate Nexus in partnership with the Yale Program on Climate Change Communication and the George Mason University Center for Climate Change Communication, which polled 1,558 registered Florida voters online this month.
• https://www.cnn.com/2019/06/26/politics/democratic-presidential-debates-florida-climate-change/index.html
All of Miami Beach is low-lying, but parts are just a foot or two above sea level, making it prone to flooding during storms and extreme high tides, according to Miami Beach City Manager Jimmy Morales. Add the estimated 9 inches that sea levels have risen in the region in the past 100 years, and you have a recipe for costly flooding.
Then there is the problem of the very ground on which Miami Beach and much of South Florida sits. Made from the remnants of ancient coral reefs, the porous limestone beneath the region is not unlike Swiss cheese, with natural underground "pipes" that allow water to bubble up to the surface...
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BlueGreen Alliance Letter to U.S. House of Representatives in Support of H.R. 9, the Climate Action Now Act
The BlueGreen Alliance urged the U.S. House of Representatives to pass H.R. 9, the Climate Action Now Act
• https://www.bluegreenalliance.org/resources/bluegreen-alliance-letter-to-u-s-house-of-representatives-in-support-of-h-r-9-the-climate-action-now-act/
Labor, Environmental Leaders Release Historic “Solidarity for Climate Action” Platform
June 24, 2019 / Groups Say Platform Will Create Good-Paying Jobs, Address Income Inequality and the Climate Crisis
• https://www.bluegreenalliance.org/the-latest/labor-environmental-leaders-release-historic-solidarity-for-climate-action-platform/
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As the US President, Vice President and Republican party ranks deny climate science and the climate threat, the evidence and facts continue to 'pile on' -- national and global security is in critical peril:
Evidence, Facts, Science & Action
"Earth in Human Hands, Now Is the Time for Climate Action
GreenPolicy360 Like a Doctor Would Do, Monitor a Patient's 'Vital Signs' 
Climate Change: NASA Asks the Question, How Do We Know about Climate Systems?
• https://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/
 
Trump Ends Clean Power Plan
 
• https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-epa-weaken-clean-power-20190619-story.html
• https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/19/climate/epa-coal-emissions.html
Trump EPA finalizes rollback of key Obama climate rule that targeted coal plants
• https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/trump-epa-finalizes-rollback-of-key-obama-climate-rule-that-targeted-coal-plants/2019/06/19/b8ff1702-8eeb-11e9-8f69-a2795fca3343_story.html
The U.S. electricity sector needs to cut its emissions 74 percent over 2005 levels by 2030 to avoid hitting the 2-degree mark, according to the International Energy Agency. 
Overall, the country must slash greenhouse gas emissions 48 percent by 2030, according to the International Energy Agency's Brent Wanner, with the deepest cuts coming from the power sector because cheap alternatives to coal are readily available.
Jason Bordoff, founding director of Columbia University’s Center on Global Energy Policy, in an interview said that his group had found that more aggressive action by U.S. officials such as a nationwide carbon tax of $50 per ton could cut the country’s greenhouse gas emissions by 40 percent over the next decade.
“Market forces don’t do that by themselves,” Bordoff said. “You need regulations.”
A paper published this year by researchers at Harvard, Boston University and Syracuse University, as well as Resources for the Future, said that the agency’s new rule might increase efficiency at individual coal plants, but then they might end up operating more frequently and for a longer time.
The researchers found that as many as 28 percent of the plants affected could actually produce higher overall emissions in 2030...
The Affordable Clean Energy (ACE) rule, the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) proposed replacement of the Clean Power Plan (CPP), targets heat rate improvements (HRIs) at individual coal plants in the US. Due to greater plant efficiency, such HRIs could lead to increased generation and emissions, known as an emissions rebound effect... (the Trump EPA replacement, ACE) is expected to increase the number of operating coal plants and amount of coal-fired electricity generation...
(Associated Press) Obama EPA head Gina McCarthy said Trump officials had "made painfully clear that they are incapable of rising to the challenge and tackling this crisis. They have shown a callous disregard for EPA's mission, a pattern of climate science denial and an inexcusable indifference to the consequences of climate change."
Burning of fossil fuels for electricity, transportation and heat is the main human source of heat-trapping carbon emissions.
Trump has rejected scientific warnings on climate change, including a dire report this year from scientists at more than a dozen federal agencies noting that global warming from fossil fuels "presents growing challenges to human health and quality of life." Administration officials argue climate science is imperfect, and that it's not clear climate change would have as great an impact as forecast...
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi described the change as a "dirty power scam" and "a stunning giveaway to big polluters." She called climate change "the existential threat of our time" and said the administration was ignoring scientific studies and yielding to special interests.
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18 June 2019
Scientists’ warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change
• https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-019-0222-5
In the Anthropocene, in which we now live, climate change is impacting most life on Earth. Microorganisms support the existence of all higher trophic life forms. To understand how humans and other life forms on Earth (including those we are yet to discover) can withstand anthropogenic climate change, it is vital to incorporate knowledge of the microbial ‘unseen majority’. We must learn not just how microorganisms affect climate change (including production and consumption of greenhouse gases) but also how they will be affected by climate change and other human activities. This Consensus Statement documents the central role and global importance of microorganisms in climate change biology. It also puts humanity on notice that the impact of climate change will depend heavily on responses of microorganisms, which are essential for achieving an environmentally sustainable future.
GreenPolicy360: In our EOS website, we speak of the 'tiny little ones', the unseen species, the essential building blocks of life, of soil and water, the foundations of the food chain, the critical connecting tissue of the more 'iconic' larger species ... take a look at our associated www.tinybluegreen.com site and explore the rarely seen or considered ocean/sea life that is being impacted greatly by climate change.
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Donald Trump tells the UK's Prince Charles that the US has 'clean climate' 
President blames other countries for environmental crisis, in long talk with prince
• https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jun/05/donald-trump-tells-prince-charles-us-is-clean-on-climate-change
GreenPolicy360: As human-caused climate change threatens our future well-being, the US president dismantles climate science programs. Donald Trump speaks to the UK of the clean climate in the US, that is, environmental action and successes of those leaders proceeding him, even as the US president dismantle with an 'aggressive schedule' most every significant US environmental protection federal program. The Trump administration continues this record, and escalates the risks and damage by abandoning international climate and environmental agreements, attacking climate science and its warnings, and blocking nearly every move in Congress and the U.S. courts to advance environmental protection. We are left to wonder what he means by a "good climate, as opposed to a disaster". 
Trump: “He (Prince Charles) is really into climate change and I think that’s great. What he really wants and what he really feels warmly about is the future. He wants to make sure future generations have climate that is good climate, as opposed to a disaster, and I agree. Well, the United States right now has among the cleanest climates there are based on all statistics. And it’s even getting better because I agree with that we want the best water, the cleanest water. It’s crystal clean, has to be crystal clean clear.”
Asked by Piers Morgan if he accepted the science on climate change, Trump said: “I believe there’s a change in weather, and I think it changes both ways. Don’t forget, it used to be called global warming, that wasn’t working, then it was called climate change. Now it’s actually called extreme weather, because with extreme weather you can’t miss.”
* Note: An Associated Press analysis (June 18) of federal air data showed U.S. progress on cleaning the air may be stagnating after decades of improvement. Despite Trump's repeated false claims that America's air is the cleanest it's ever been, there were 15% more days with unhealthful air both last year and the year before than on average from 2013 through 2016, the four years when America had its fewest number of those days since at least 1980.
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84 Environmental Rules on the Way Out Under Trump
Via the NY Times / June 3, 2019
• https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/climate/trump-environment-rollbacks.html
• https://twitter.com/nytclimate/status/1136094068914774016
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Children and the Future: Rights to Health and Life
Constitutional youth climate lawsuit, Juliana v. United States, before the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in Portland, Oregon
Social Media Toolkit for #AllEyesOnJuliana
• https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/04/climate/climate-lawsuit-juliana.html
• https://news.bloombergenvironment.com/environment-and-energy/kids-climate-claims-compelling-but-judges-question-courts-role
• https://insideclimatenews.org/news/04062019/children-climate-change-lawsuit-health-risk-juliana-case-appeals-court
• https://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/ap/article-7101965/amp/Young-Americans-lawsuit-climate-change-faces-big-hurdle.html
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:
Trump administration escalates war on climate science
• https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/27/us/politics/trump-climate-science.html
"Freedom Gas"
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Via Earth Institute / Columbia University
The Trump Administration is losing on climate in the courts. More than two and a half years into the Trump Administration, no climate change-related regulatory rollback brought before the courts has yet survived legal challenge. Nevertheless, climate change is one arena where the administration’s rollbacks have been both visible and real. In total, the Sabin Center’s U.S. Climate Deregulation Tracker identifies a total of 94 actions taken by the executive branch in 2017 and 2018 to undermine and reverse climate protections.
• https://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2019/06/10/trump-climate-deregulation-tracker-2019/
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Jerry Brown launching a California-China climate change institute at UC Berkeley
https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article231494868.html
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Via Vox / Jay Inslee is writing the climate plan the next president should adopt
Inslee’s campaign is systematically translating the GND’s lofty goals — to decarbonize the economy sector by sector, in a way that creates high-quality jobs and protects frontline communities — into policy proposals, focused on an immediate 10-year mobilization. This isn’t just a campaign play, it’s a document the next Democratic president is going to want in-hand when the time comes to get to work. (And if that president needs some kind of climate czar ...)
:• https://www.jayinslee.com/issues/100clean
:• https://jayinslee.com/issues/evergreen-economy
:• https://www.jayinslee.com/issues/climate-corp
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Thought for the Day: A Man Named Grantham, Q & A, Beacon Hill, Boston
• https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/04/11/magazine/climate-change-exxon-renewable-energy.html
Jeremy Grantham’s fund is going long on lithium and copper, which he believes will form the vascular system of future renewable-powered supergrids. His confidence derives from an odd and specific conviction that “sooner or later, there will be a carbon tax,” and much of the market capitalization of the leading oil and gas companies will be erased. “You have a certainty,” he said. “It will happen. Or we’ll be on our way to a failed civilization.”
It took me a moment to process what this meant. Grantham was saying that a bet on a future carbon tax was a sure thing because the absence of a carbon tax meant civilizational catastrophe. If he were right, he could make billions. If he were wrong, it wouldn’t matter, because the world would be on fire. “Perfectly fine logic,” Grantham said, as the old radiators gurgled around him...
In the last few years, Grantham has committed all but 2 percent of his personal fortune to funding projects — energy storage, pesticides, lightweight cars — that might help save us in the event of two degrees of warming. In June 2018, he gave a keynote address at an investment conference in Chicago. 
The two speeches before Grantham’s were called “Take a Balanced Approach to Sourcing Cash Flows” and “Making Sense of the Multitude of Multifactor ETFs.” Grantham called his speech “The Race of Our Lives.”
“You could call this presentation the story of carbon dioxide and Homo sapiens,” he began. Then he spoke for nearly an hour about glacial runoff, food scarcity and lithium batteries. He explained how a turbine’s efficiency increased exponentially with the length of its blades. He said that offshore wind farms in the churning North Sea could soon provide the cheapest power on the planet. He rose to a techno-utopian pitch, speaking about our obligations to our grandchildren, decency over profit. 
Even as he spoke lucidly about climate change, Grantham represented a tangled and confusing paradox. Perched as he was at the pinnacle of the market, he was developing an acute sense of the market’s failure to address the problem that most obsessed him. Yet he continued to help oversee a $70 billion firm, which was the main source of his wealth. 
If anyone was living inside the tortured contradictions between the market and the climate — between our modern economy and its ultimate external cost — Grantham, I thought, was the person.
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EU plans first satellite fleet to monitor CO2 in every country
OCO-3 News Coverage Should Have Been of a Globally Important Event
OCO-3 arrives at the International Space Station to begin its earth science-space mission. There's little to find in Media coverage on its real-world importance whether on Google News, Bing Search, Yahoo, Duck Duck Go, pick your international news sources...
Yet, in fact and substance, the science of OCO-3 is critically important. Earth Science. Measuring CO2. JPL-Caltech/NASA, scientific inquiry at its best. Essential data and baseline information critical for informed policy and decision-making (yet President Donald Trump tried to kill the launch of OCO-3 and related US FY2018 missions to measure and monitor CO2). 
A global security story... National security... Existential threats ...
 link=https://youtu.be/7GMjU5pSufk?list=PLTiv_XWHnOZrc_nIeYjlzpcr_3HioYGlo
 link=https://youtu.be/7GMjU5pSufk?list=PLTiv_XWHnOZrc_nIeYjlzpcr_3HioYGlo
 
OCO-3 Arrives at the International Space Station
(Interview at JPL courtesy of the LA Times)
OCO-3 was built at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in La Cañada Flintridge for less than $100 million, using parts left over from its predecessor, OCO-2. Once the carbon observatory gets to the ISS, a robotic arm will mount it on the underside of the space station so it can keep a close eye on the carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere.
That will help scientists answer questions about how and why levels of the greenhouse gas fluctuate over days, months and years.
“Our goal is to get really good data so we can make informed decisions about how to manage carbon and carbon emissions in the future,” said Annmarie Eldering, the mission’s project scientist at JPL.
Carbon dioxide makes up a tiny fraction of the molecules in our atmosphere — roughly 400 parts per million. But seemingly small changes in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have an outsized effect on the planet’s temperature.
“Carbon is really effective at trapping heat,” Eldering said. “Even changing the ratio from 300 parts per million to 400 parts per million makes a big difference.”
OCO-3 is so sensitive that it can detect changes as small as 1 part per million. So if CO2 levels go from 406 ppm one day to 407 ppm the next, the space-based observatory will record the increase.
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Climate Change News: Ireland Declares Climate Emergency
Via Climate Change News / Merkel pledges to make Germany carbon neutral by 2050
Addressing climate ministers from around the world at the Petersberg Climate Dialogue in Berlin on May 14, German Chancellor Angela Merkel signaled plans to increase Germany’s climate response ambitions.
“It’s about climate neutrality. This means that we should not ensure there are absolutely no CO2 emissions but that if there are still CO2 emissions, we must find alternative mechanisms to store this CO2 or offset it,” Merkel said.
“I therefore propose that we have a discussion in the climate cabinet about how we could reach the goal of being CO2 neutral by 2050 and the discussion should not be about whether we can reach that goal but about how we will reach it.”
A net-zero emissions strategy would bring Germany in line with eight EU member states calling on the bloc to strengthen its mid-century climate targets.
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It's Way Overdue, It's Time for Action -- #ClimateCrisis #ClimateEmergency
The Climate Mobilization - https://www.theclimatemobilization.org
: (TW) https://twitter.com/MobilizeClimate
• https://www.theclimatemobilization.org/victory-plan
• https://www.theclimatemobilization.org/implementation-plans
The Climate Reality Project - https://www.climaterealityproject.org
: (TW) https://twitter.com/climatereality
The Action Network - https://actionnetwork.org
: (TW) https://twitter.com/theactionnet
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Via CNN / Presidential candidate O'Rourke releases plan to fight climate change with $5 trillion investment and net-zero emissions by 2050
• https://betoorourke.com/climate-change
• https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-04-29/beto-orourke-climate-change-plan
O'Rourke's climate change plan would "set a first-ever, net-zero emissions by 2030 carbon budget for federal lands, stopping new fossil fuel leases, changing royalties to reflect climate costs, and accelerating renewables development and forestation."
A four-part framework for addressing climate change:
* Start Cutting Pollution on Day One and Taking Executive Actions to Lead on Climate
 
* Mobilize $5 Trillion for Climate Change with Investment in Infrastructure, Innovation, and Our People and Communities
 
* Guarantee our Net-Zero Emissions Ambition by 2050
 
* Defend our Communities That Are Preparing for and Fighting Against Extreme Weather
O’Rourke’s website has the full rollout of the plan, which aims to re-enter the Paris agreement and seek a “more ambitious global plan for 2030 and beyond.” It also brings up a $5 trillion figure, and hints at how he plans on paying for it:
The first bill he sends to Congress will launch a 10-year mobilization of $5 trillion directly leveraged by a fully paid-for $1.5 trillion investment — the world’s largest-ever climate change investment in infrastructure, innovation, and in our people and communities. 
The bill will be funded with the revenues generated by structural changes to the tax code that ensure corporations and the wealthiest among us pay their fair share and that we finally end the tens of billions of dollars of tax breaks currently given to fossil fuel companies.
O’Rourke’s website goes on to say “we need a guarantee that we will, in fact, achieve net zero emissions by 2050 and get halfway there by 2030.” The site notes these ambitions are in line with those of the Green New Deal.
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Plant Trees, Lots of Trees
London (CNN) What's low-tech, sustainable and possibly the most effective thing we can do to fight climate change? Planting trees. A trillion of them.
Tom Crowther is a climate change ecologist at Swiss university ETH Zurich. Four years ago he found there are about 3 trillion trees already on earth -- much higher than NASA's previous estimate of 400 billion. Now, his team of researchers has calculated there is enough room on the planet for an additional 1.2 trillion -- and that planting them would have huge benefits in terms of absorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide, the main driver of climate change.''
"The amount of carbon that we can restore if we plant 1.2 trillion trees, or at least allow those trees to grow, would be way higher than the next best climate change solution," Crowther told CNN.
Because his research is currently under review for publication in the journal Science, he says he can't share exact figures of how much extra CO2 could be stored by those trees. But he points to numbers from Project Drawdown -- a non-profit that ranks climate solutions by the amount of CO2 they could remove from the atmosphere. Its number one ranked solution -- managing the release of HFC greenhouse gases from fridges and air conditioners -- could reduce atmospheric CO2 by 90 billion tons. Crowther says planting 1.2 trillion trees would give a reduction "way above" that figure... #afforestation #reforestation #rewild
ProjectDrawdownCO2
Global Forest Watch
• https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/china-tree-plant-soldiers-reassign-climate-change-global-warming-deforestation-a8208836.html
• https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/feb/13/worlds-lost-forests-returning-trees
• https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/07/india-plants-50-million-trees-uttar-pradesh-reforestation
• https://www.nationalforests.org/who-we-are/press-news/plant-50-million-trees
• https://www.greenbeltmovement.org
• https://www.treepeople.org/
• https://www.nyrp.org/blog/nyc-just-planted-1-million-trees-heres-how-we-did-it
• https://www.arborday.org/enterprise/projects
• https://www.nature.org/en-us/get-involved/how-to-help/plant-a-billion
• https://twitter.com/PozProgress/status/1120331413428031488
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Ways to combat climate change according to young activists
1. Learn as much as you can about climate change 
2. Understand the government's role in climate change
3. Make politicians listen
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Kerry, Moniz challenge Trump on Climate Change / Via the LA Times
Developing new international initiatives to hold politicians accountable for undermining the fight against climate...
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House Democrats’ New Climate Legislation Would Ensure U.S. Honors Paris Agreement Commitments
Climate Bill introduced by Speaker Pelosi, Select Committee on Climate Chair Castor, Democratic colleagues
Washington, D.C.
Members of the U.S. House of Representatives have introduced legislation this past week to keep the United States in the Paris Climate Agreement. 
With an announced goal of honoring US commitments to tackle climate change alongside the other nearly 200 nations that signed the agreement, Democratic leadership is moving from President Trump's previously announcement of his intention to withdraw the U.S. from the Paris Agreement.
The House legislation is sponsored by Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-CA), House Select Committee on the Climate Crisis Chairwoman Kathy Castor (D-FL), House Energy and Commerce Committee Chairman Frank Pallone (D-NJ), House Homeland Security Committee Chairman Bennie Thompson (D-MS), House Foreign Affairs Committee Chairman Rep. Eliot Engel (D-NY), and House Science, Space and Technology Committee Chairwoman Eddie Bernice Johnson (D-TX).
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Global energy demand at highest growth in a decade, emissions reach record high in 2018
International Energy Agency: Global Energy & CO2 Status Report
Global energy consumption in 2018 increased at nearly twice the average rate of growth since 2010, driven by a robust global economy and higher heating and cooling needs in some parts of the world. Demand for all fuels increased, led by natural gas, even as solar and wind posted double digit growth. Higher electricity demand was responsible for over half of the growth in energy needs. Energy efficiency saw lacklustre improvement. As a result of higher energy consumption, CO2 emissions rose 1.7% last year and hit a new record.
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March 2019
"Now everyone's talking about climate change," U.S. Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer said at one of three separate news conferences Wednesday, March 27th, on the issue of the Green New Deal.
SJS / GreenPolicy360 siterunner / former presidential campaign adv for Jerry Brown: "Set the agenda, draft a platform of policies to go for, step up and get out in front"
Florida, the site of the first Democrat presidential debate (in Miami), begins to focus in on critical issues of the 2020 campaign. Miami is most at risk for sea-level rise, followed closely by much of the Florida coastline and bay/estuarine regions like Tampa/St. Petersburg/Clearwater -- https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Sea-Level_Rise
 
• https://www.tampabay.com/ap/national/climate-change-politics-burn-hot-after-green-new-deal-vote-ap_nationald09589c6e5fa4582b643c6b231d6c897
• https://www.tampabay.com/florida-politics/buzz/2019/03/25/marco-rubio-says-green-new-deal-not-a-realistic-solution-to-climate-challenges
• https://www.tampabay.com/florida-politics/buzz/2019/03/26/marco-rubio-and-rick-scott-rejected-the-green-new-deal-but-now-acknowledge-climate-change-whats-their-plan
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Via the Guardian / Top oil firms spending millions lobbying to block climate change policies
The largest five stock market listed oil and gas companies spend nearly $200m (£153m) a year lobbying to delay, control or block policies to tackle climate change... Increasingly they are using social media to successfully push their agenda to weaken and oppose any meaningful legislation to tackle global warming... 
More #MoneyinPolitics / #PolitioPay at InfluenceMap.org
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Students Worldwide Are Striking to Demand Climate Action Change
Going Global: Student #ClimateStrike, March 15, 2019
• https://www.commondreams.org/news/2019/03/15/global-climate-strike-pictures-millions-students-walk-out-demand-planetary
• #ClimateChange #ClimateEmergency #GlobalWarming
• #ActOnClimate #SchoolsStrike4Climate #GretaThunberg
• #YouthForClimate #FridaysForFuture #GlobalStrikeforFuture
• #Klimaatstaking #ClimateJustice #SchoolStrike4Climate
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The Current US Environmental Protection Chief Speaks
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Andrew Wheeler touted the benefits of fossil fuel sources like coal while calling those who support urgent climate action “oblivious” during remarks to energy industry officials on Monday.
“What the United States offers the world in terms of energy is that our fossil fuels are extracted and produced in a more environmentally conscious manner than anywhere else in the world,” Wheeler said. “If other countries want to purchase coal on the open market, we mine our coal in a safer and more environmentally friendly manner than other nations.”
“The truth is that those who oppose U.S. fossil fuel production are actually taking the most environmentally preferable energy source off the table for the rest of the world. This is a disservice to human health and the environment,” the former coal lobbyist continued.
Wheeler claimed at the CERAWeek conference in Houston, Texas that “supporters of the Green New Deal – or plans like it – are not only oblivious to how far we’ve come, but also where we are headed.”
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March 12, 2019
Kathy Castor, Congressional chair of the new Select Committee on the Climate Crisis identifies climate failures of the Trump budget proposal
“The Trump administration’s budget proposal ignores the climate crisis. Climate science is clear: To help avert climate catastrophe, the United States needs to transition to a clean energy economy as fast as possible. The climate crisis must be addressed through virtually all areas of American life and, as a result, virtually all areas of the President’s budget should reflect this.
“The president’s budget fails to respond to the administration’s own warnings contained in the National Climate Assessment or propose any means to tackle the crisis. For example, moving to the clean energy economy means deploying technology we have now but also investing in new research to accelerate the development of breakthrough technologies and create new jobs. The Trump administration’s budget eliminates ARPA-E and all-but shutters the Department of Energy office dedicated to incubating groundbreaking research into clean transportation, renewable energy, and energy efficiency—thereby eliminating the hope for our workforce and our planet they bring. The scope of the climate challenge requires an all-hands-on-deck government investment in so many areas but certainly in advanced energy technologies...” 
“America needs a budget that reflects the urgency of the climate crisis. The president’s budget lacks the insight and investment needed to get America moving and underscores that the cost of doing nothing is too high.”
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Rejectionist Climate Council?
• https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/432675-dozens-of-ex-officials-warn-trump-against-white-house-panel-on
• https://climateandsecurity.files.wordpress.com/2019/03/letter-to-the-president_senior-military-and-national-security-leaders-denounce-nsc-climate-panel_2019_3_05-1.pdf
Fifty-eight former officials organized by the American Security Project and the Center for Climate and Security write to President Trump to express concerns about the new climate council, which includes members who question the science behind global warming.
"It is dangerous to have national security analysis conform to politics," their letter states. "Our officials’ job is to ensure that we are prepared for current threats and future contingencies. We cannot do that if the scientific studies that inform our threat assessments are undermined."
"Climate change is a threat to US national security. Climate change is real, it is happening now, it is driven by humans, and it is accelerating. The overwhelming majority of scientists agree: less than 0.2% of peer-reviewed climate science papers dispute these facts."
○
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Observing CO2 Levels
Highest weekly average CO2 ever measured at Mauna Loa: 412.4 ppm, almost 4 ppm above same time last year. 
February seems on its way to end as highest month too, most probably for the last 2 million years.
2018's max monthly Mauna Loa CO2 concentration was 411.3 ppm in May. The @Keeling_curve mean for February so far is 411.8 ppm. Looks like the previous year's record is being breached early this year.
○
February 13, 2019
:Ruling on Atmosphere and Impacts on the United States
February 12, 2019
Glimpse the future climate in your US city via the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science
The interactive mapping uses 12 different measures to describe climate, including minimum and maximum temperature and total precipitation for winter, spring, summer and fall. Two emissions scenarios are considered – one that assumes high current emissions continue and one that assumes emissions peak mid-century and then decline. Numerous future climate forecasts are considered as generated by 27 different climate models.
:• Interactive Map / What will climate 'feel like' in 60 years?
:• Glimpse the Future, Get Ready
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Green New Deal Starts Up
Resolution Launches the Legislative Process
Explore the origins and Follow the progress of the Green New Deal @GreenPolicy360 
: https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Green_New_Deal
There’s now an official Green New Deal 
Here is what’s in it, here are the fights it picks, and the fights it avoids
The resolution consists of a preamble, five goals, 14 projects, and 15 requirements.
Legislative path forward -- https://thinkprogress.org/experts-green-new-deal-resolution-ocasio-cortez-infrastructure-85ff057dd235/''
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New U.S. Science Advisor John Christy
Acting EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler appoints Christy to agency’s Science Advisory Board, in position to take an active role in guiding agency policies and regulations. (Climate skeptic/denier with a record)
 
: 
: Summer in Antarctica: Satellites Tell a Story of Melting Ice
: "For global sea-level change in the next century, this Thwaites glacier is almost the entire story."
January 29, 2019
* Kamala Harris, U.S. presidential candidate -- https://twitter.com/KamalaHarris/status/1090091453341155328
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:Kamala_Harris-GND-Jan_28,2019.png
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Antarctica, drilling ice cores, asking the big questions by investigating atmospheric history 
“It’s literally the only place on the planet where we can get large amounts of clean air that have not been compromised by this carbon-14 aspect that we are looking for... We’ve got absolutely everything we wanted to get done. The samples "have all been absolutely perfect and cleaner than we thought”.
“Science agencies began flagging climate change as a threat in the 1980s well before the warming signal became clear above the background noise of natural variation... Now the signals are everywhere." 
"Here we are dealing with a $1 trillion question - whether we let the atmosphere go, business as usual and don’t care, or we reel in emissions and try to manage the planet.”
“We are trying to manage that question with million-dollar science - it’s not a bad payback.”
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Project Drawdown (podcast) -- Paul Hawken and Ralph Nader
Paul Hawken makes the case that global warming is reversible in his book “Drawdown.”
:
 
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Valuing the Future, Valuing the Present
Via the NY Times / It's the Economy, Stupid ! ... 'Climate Change in the Decades to Come' 
It’s clear that climate change poses environmental risks beyond anything seen in the modern age. But we’re only starting to come to grips with the potential economic effects.
January 17, 2019
Lost in the Daily News Cycle: US Environmental Protection Nominee Supports Coal, Downplays Climate Change Crisis
Andrew Wheeler, Trump's EPA pick says climate change 'not the greatest crisis'. The former coal lobbyist took over the EPA when his predecessor Scott Pruitt resigned after months of controversy. Wheeler says, in confirmation hearings (reported by few media outlets), that "he is carrying out the president’s “regulatory reform agenda” and that the US is the “gold standard for environmental progress”.
The environment could become a top issue in the 2020 presidential race. Asked if he agreed with the president’s past statements that climate change is a Chinese “hoax”, Wheeler said he would “not use the hoax word, myself”. The latest major Trump resignations and firings. But Wheeler said he would “not call it the greatest crisis”.
“I consider it a huge issue that has to be addressed globally.”
Wheeler also told the New Jersey senator Cory Booker, a likely presidential contender, that he is “still examining” a November report from US government scientists showing the country will suffer from heat-related deaths, coastal flooding and infrastructure damage.
Booker said Wheeler’s regulatory changes “fly in the face” of that science, and the Massachusetts senator Ed Markey called it “unacceptable” that Wheeler would seek confirmation without being familiar with the report.
Wheeler was a lobbyist at Faegre Baker Daniels, where he represented coal company Murray Energy until August 2017. Murray Energy wrote the administration a list of rule changes that would help the industry, and they are largely under way.
:• Andrew Wheeler Returns
:• Wheeler, Close Ties to 'Chief Climate Change Denier in US Senate' (Video/CNN)
:• Worse than Scott Pruitt
:• Trump's pick for EPA already rolling back climate change protections
January 13, 2019
Economically feasible CO2 reduction of fossil fuel emissions? 
 'Powder' to capture carbon pollution from power plants
Ion-activated carbon nanospheres for CO2 capture
The powder can be used without needing to install additional equipment. And the raw materials  —  sugar, molasses, rice husk, straws or agar  (from red algae) —  are renewable, abundant and cheap, especially when compared to existing technologies.
“It can be employed by developed and developing nations alike. Since cost is not a barrier to taking action, we have the ability to see significant change in a very short time. There are not a lot of other solutions out there we can say that about.”
January 11, 2019
 'Race against time'...
Rep. Kathy Castor is the Tampa Bay Florida Democrat that US House Speaker Nancy Pelosi has chosen to chair the new Select Committee on the Climate Crisis.
"We are in a race against time," Castor, 52, told USA TODAY.
Castor spoke of her committee and the challenges it faces:
Q: Much of the information on climate change is out there. So what do you hope to accomplish with this new committee?
Castor: We're going to press for dramatic carbon pollution reduction. We want to win the clean energy future to defend the American way of life and avoid catastrophic and costly weather events that have dire impacts.
Q: What are some of the issues you want to pursue and how will you work with the standing congressional committee to achieve them?
Castor: Right off the bat, we will tackle fuel economy standards, make sure the Commerce Committee and the (Transportation and Infrastructure Committee) are focused on that. The Financial Services Committee has to do a flood insurance reform bill. We will be involved in that as well.
Q: You mentioned flood insurance. Representing a coastal district, you know what flooding and storms can do. Should we rebuild along the shore?
Castor: We shouldn't be insuring at taxpayer expense homes and businesses that have been destroyed repeatedly on the shore. Folks know full well that they're in hurricane's path or flood's path and they do that on their own. I'm concerned the (flood) maps are not up-to-date, that states and local communities are not acting fast enough to adopt policies to revise maps.
Q: Is there a concern you may getting in the way of standing committees who are already charged with environmental protection and climate change issues?
Castor: No, we're going to be complimentary. This is a collaborative effort. It's just being elevated because the threat to our way of life is at stake. It's all hands on deck... I do see our jurisdiction as being very broad. We're talking about the planet.
We don't have time to wait. Whatever we can press to accomplish as soon as possible, we will do that.
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Via Phys.org / Act, make a difference... 8 steps you can take to help thwart climate change
Via David Suzuki / 10 things you can do about climate change
Via the NY Times / Three decades after a top climate scientist warned Congress of the dangers of global warming, greenhouse gas emissions keep rising and so do global temperatures
SJS / GreenPolicy360 Siterunner: Perhaps, to be provide additional perspective, we should say four decades after a Congressman from East LA, a leader in the new environmental movement drafted and pushed through the first US climate study program... With great appreciation to George E. Brown, his vision and advocacy of science over decades of leadership.
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1977, the First Climate Report
Energy and Climate Report, 1977, National Academy of Sciences / 175 pp. / PDF via GreenPolicy360
1978, the First Climate Act
National Climate Program Act, Public Law 95-367
National Climate Program Act, September 1978
1988, a History-making Senate Hearing
James Hansen's Warning to Congress in 1988: 
: Ten years after the National Climate Program Act was drafted by Representative Brown and the Climate Act's passage in 1978 began the federal government's study of climate change, impacts and risks, Professor Hansen strongly warns the US Senate of the rising danger of climate change. 
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December 30, 2018
Meet the Press (Transcript): Gov. Jerry Brown, Michael Bloomberg and science experts confront challenges of climate disruption / global warming
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December 16
Another International Climate Conference Concludes
Promises to take action adding up, but needed actions are not
 
International Climate (INDC) Progress
* https://www.climate-change-performance-index.org/ 
* https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/7-countries-paris-climate-agreeement/
* https://truthout.org/articles/carbon-emissions-will-reach-a-record-high-of-37-billion-tons-in-2018/
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Global carbon emissions reached record high in 2018
When it comes to promises to begin cutting the emissions that fuel climate change, the world remains well off target.
Page One / December 5, 2018
By Brady Dennis and Chris Mooney / Washington Post
Global emissions of carbon dioxide have reached the highest levels on record, scientists projected Wednesday, in the latest evidence of the chasm between international goals for combating climate change and what countries are actually doing.
Between 2014 and 2016, emissions remained largely flat, leading to hopes that the world was beginning to turn a corner. Those hopes have been dashed. In 2017, global emissions grew 1.6 percent. The rise in 2018 is projected to be 2.7 percent.
The expected increase, which would bring fossil fuel and industrial emissions to a record high of 37.1 billion tons of carbon dioxide per year, is being driven by nearly 5 percent emissions growth in China and more than 6 percent in India, researchers estimated, along with growth in many other nations throughout the world. Emissions by the United States grew 2.5 percent, while emissions by the European Union declined by just under 1 percent.
As nations are gathered for climate talks in Poland, the message of Wednesday’s report was unambiguous: When it comes to promises to begin cutting the greenhouse gas emissions that fuel climate change, the world remains well off target.
“We are in trouble. We are in deep trouble with climate change,” United Nations Secretary General António Guterres said this week at the opening of the 24th annual U.N. climate conference, where countries will wrestle with the ambitious goals they need to meet to sharply reduce carbon emissions in coming years.
“It is hard to overstate the urgency of our situation,” he added. “Even as we witness devastating climate impacts causing havoc across the world, we are still not doing enough, nor moving fast enough, to prevent irreversible and catastrophic climate disruption...”
Never Give Up, Never Ever Give Up
RCPs & the U.S. National Climate Assessment/Report
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:RCP-projections-damage_to_US_economy.jpg
2018 / U.S. National Climate Assessment/Report (Overview/PDFs/Docs)
: U.S. Global Climate Change / 4th National Climate Assessment (PDFs)
U.S National Climate Assessment: A Bleak Report, a Bleak Government Response
The New Abnormal / E&E News: Not Good, Bad, Very Bad, Soon to be Worse
Via Axios / New climate report warns of increasingly dire risks to U.S.
Via CNN / Climate change will shrink US economy and kill thousands
Via The Guardian / Climate change 'will inflict substantial damages on US lives' 
:US National Climate Assessment details climate change impact
 
:Current response to crisis is insufficient
Via Washington Post / Major Trump administration climate report says damage is ‘intensifying across the country’ 
:Scientists are more certain than ever that climate change is already affecting the United States — and that it is going to be very expensive.
Via CNN / Donald Trump buried a climate change report he doesn't believe
:President Donald Trump's views on climate change are very, very well established.
:Just over eight years ago, he tweeted this: "The concept of global warming was created by and for the Chinese in order to make U.S. manufacturing non-competitive." In 2014, he penned this tweet: "It's late in July and it is really cold outside in New York. Where the hell is GLOBAL WARMING??? We need some fast! It's now CLIMATE CHANGE."
:And then, this from last Wednesday: "Brutal and Extended Cold Blast could shatter ALL RECORDS - Whatever happened to Global Warming?"
:The report concludes not only that the world's temperature is rising and but also that the preponderance of evidence suggests human actions play a role in it. The report's authors conclude that the changing climate "is transforming where and how we live and presents growing challenges to human health and quality of life, the economy, and the natural systems that support us." And that, unless we change our practices and policies, there will be "substantial damages to the US economy, environment, and human health and well-being over the coming decades."
:It's, candidly, a terrifying read. Unless we start making some major changes -- and soon -- we face the very real potential of crossing the point of no return when it comes to the planet's warming, and the consequences that result from it.
:Important to note: This is not a partisan document. It was... produced by 13 agencies within the Trump administration -- the result of Congress, in the 1980s (after the first climate study and program approved by Congress in 1978,) mandating that this sort of report be submitted every four years as a sort of reference point for lawmakers and legislators.
* https://eos.org/features/what-specific-costs-and-risks-do-we-face-from-climate-change
* https://www.france24.com/en/20181124-usa-climate-change-report-warns-severe-damage-health-economy
* https://insideclimatenews.org/news/23112018/infographic-national-climate-assessment-us-economy-extreme-weather-global-warming-cost-lives-wildfires-agriculture-federal-report
* https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/23/climate/us-climate-report.html
* https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/climage-change-consequences-already-being-felt-in-communities-across-u-s-new-federal-report-says
* https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/federal-climate-change-report-759793/
* https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/11/most-chilling-parts-2018-climate-assessment/576598/ 
* https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/nov/26/climate-change-report-trump-air-pollution
* https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2018/11/27/weather-washingtons-future-hellish-heat-high-water-says-trump-administration-climate-report
* https://www.salon.com/2018/11/26/the-trump-administration-tried-to-bury-its-own-climate-change-report-and-right-wing-media-helped/
Clean Energy Solutions
* https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2018/11/16/18096352/climate-change-clean-energy-policies-guide
: https://us.energypolicy.solutions/
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Via NBC / Democrats: Time to Get Serious, a Green New Deal
California is on fire and Democrats control the House — it's time to get serious about climate change.
A Green New Deal would tie solutions to the climate crisis to the promise of a stronger economy, upending the false jobs-vs.-environment dichotomy.
Logic 101: It's cold outside. Ergo, WHAT GLOBAL WARMING?
California on fire, US President & Secretary of Interior blame environmentalists
::The Camp Fire Destruction of Paradise
::Editorial: Camp Fire the tragedy we were all warned about
Stanford Earth System Science Professor: Atmospheric conditions for California wildfires are expected to worsen in the future because of the effects of climate change in California. "What we're seeing over the last few years in terms of the wildfire season in California [is] very consistent with the historical trends in terms of increasing temperatures, increasing dryness, and increasing wildfire risk". Other experts agree that global warming has a role in California's drought and extreme weather conditions... 
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Profound Environmental Oversight Change in U.S. House of Representatives
Representative Eddie Bernice Johnson (D–TX) is the presumed new chair of the House science committee, succeeding the retiring Representative Lamar Smith (R). In a statement released, Johnson said she would have three priorities “If I am fortunate enough to be elected chair.” One is ensuring “that the United States remains the global leader in innovation, which will require attention to a wide range of activities,” including supporting “a robust federally funded R&D enterprise,” and “defending the scientific enterprise from political and ideological attacks.” A second is addressing the “challenge of climate change, starting with acknowledging it is real.” The third is restoring “the credibility of the science committee as a place where science is respected and recognized as a crucial input to good policymaking.” It is not yet clear whether the new Democratic leadership of the House will allow the science panel chair to retain the power to unilaterally issue investigative subpoenas, which outgoing chair Smith used to demand information from climate scientists and others. If so, observers expect the panel to use that power to aggressively investigate a range of actions taken by President Donald Trump’s administration on climate, energy, and environmental policy. 
(Via Science Magazine) 
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Foreign Policy Magazine
The Nobel Prize for Climate Catastrophe
The economist William Nordhaus will receive his profession’s highest honor for research on global warming that’s been hugely influential — and entirely misguided. 
The stakes couldn’t be higher. After all, this isn’t just a matter of abstract academic debate; the future of human civilization hangs in the balance.
In the 1990s, Nordhaus invented the first integrated assessment models to explore how economic growth affects carbon emissions, and how climate change in turn affects economic growth. The basic mechanisms that Nordhaus described continue to inform the models that the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) uses today. No one disputes that this qualifies as a significant contribution to the field. The question, rather, has to do with how Nordhaus has used his models to argue for a particular policy agenda.
The models showed that if we were to rapidly reduce carbon emissions in line with what scientists say is necessary to avoid climate breakdown – by putting a high tax on carbon, for instance – it would significantly slow down the rate of economic growth. As far as scientists are concerned, that’s not a problem; we should obviously do whatever it takes to avoid climate catastrophe. But for economists like Nordhaus, this is not acceptable. After all, the whole point of neoclassical economics is to do whatever it takes to grow economic output.
So, Nordhaus’ career has been devoted to finding what he calls a “balance” between climate mitigation and GDP growth. In a famous 1991 paper titled “To slow or not to slow,” he argued firmly for the latter option: Let’s not be too eager to slow down global warming, because we don’t want to jeopardize growth.
To justify this conclusion, Nordhaus manipulates what is known as the “discount rate,” which is how economists value the costs of climate breakdown in the present as compared to the future. It might sound arcane, but it’s really quite straightforward. A discount rate of zero means that future generations are valued equally to the present; a high discount rate means that future generations are valued less, or “discounted,” compared with nearer generations.
Nordhaus prefers a high discount rate—very high. Discounting the future allows him to argue that we shouldn’t reduce emissions too quickly, because the economic cost to people today will be higher than the benefit of protecting people in the future. Instead, we should do the opposite: Focus on GDP growth now even if it means locking in future climate catastrophe. This is justifiable, he says, because future generations will then be much richer than we are and therefore better able to manage the problem.
Using this logic, Nordhaus long claimed that from the standpoint of “economic rationality” it is “optimal” to keep warming the planet to about 3.5 degrees Celsius over preindustrial levels—vastly in excess of the 1.5 degrees Celsius threshold that the IPCC insists on.
It sounds morally problematic and flies in the face of scientists’ warnings, but economists and policymakers have lined up behind Nordhaus’s argument. They like it because it gives them license to carry on with the status quo and delay difficult decisions. President Trump, for instance, has been aggressive in his preference for growth over climate action. This is in large part what explains the fact that nearly 30 years after the first IPCC report was published, global emissions are still going up. It also helps explain why even with the Paris climate agreement in place, and with all of the plans promised by the world’s governments, we’re still headed for about 3.3 degrees Celsius of warming. It’s all eerily similar to the Nordhaus trajectory.
So how do economists get away with believing that these extreme temperatures are somehow okay? Because the Nordhaus model tells us that even the worst catastrophes will not really hurt the global economy all that much. Maybe a percentage point or two at the most, by the end of the century—much less than the cost of immediate action.
Read more at FP - https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/12/06/the-nobel-prize-for-climate-catastrophe/
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Earth's oceans absorbing more heat than previously thought
* https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0651-8
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Climate scientists are struggling to find the right words for very bad news
* Alarming report from the U.N.'s top climate science panel ... enormous gap between where we are and where we need to be
Intergovernmental (IPCC) Report / Global Warming of 1.5 ºC
October 2018
https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/
: https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/preface/
: https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/chapter/summary-for-policy-makers/
: https://report.ipcc.ch/sr15/pdf/sr15_spm_final.pdf (Summary Report)
Via Brookings / We’re almost out of time: The alarming IPCC climate report and what to do next
Via Earthday /What You Need to Know About the New IPCC Climate Report
Special International Report Released / October 8, 2018
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / IPCC
(The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change was established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme.)
* Not doing enough to combat climate change
* World Leaders & Climate Change Action Plans
* Don't be fooled or foiled by Climate Change Deniers
* Here's what you can do, actions to make a difference
* Trump ignores impacts of climate changes and our peril
* Clock is ticking to stop catastrophic global warming
* The media must cover this like it's the only story that matters
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/OCO-2
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Environmental_full-cost_accounting
The numbers behind the #IPCC Special Report on Global Warming
Thousands of scientists gathered to bring together the last five years of advances in climate science to answer key questions for policymakers.
* http://www.ipcc.ch/report/sr15/
* https://twitter.com/hashtag/SR15 #SR15
* https://twitter.com/hashtag/ClimateAction?src=hash
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The Climate Group Gathers in New York
New climate pledges announced by global leaders at the 10th Climate Week
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Global Climate Action Summit
After the Global Climate Action Summit
September 18, 2018
A Strong Wave of Hope in a Sea of Fear
The Role of the Private Sector in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
UN / Another reminder by @NASA that #ClimateChange is real and accelerating. #StepUp2018
By announcing California's first satellite launch, Gov. Jerry Brown ends climate summit with a cosmic boom
* California, Planet Labs, and the Environmental Defense Fund Team Up
* Launching Soon: California Looks to the Future 
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Governor_Jerry_Brown
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Current Global Warming Index
* Current to date / http://www.globalwarmingindex.org/ 
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Dust In the Wind
 
What Am I?
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Texas Feels the Impacts: Asks for Fed Help
PORT ARTHUR, Texas (AP) — As the nation plans new defenses against the more powerful storms and higher tides expected from climate change, one project stands out: an ambitious proposal to build a nearly 60-mile “spine” of concrete seawalls, earthen barriers, floating gates and steel levees on the Texas Gulf Coast.
Big oil, which is blamed for contributing to global warming, now wants the federal government to build safeguards against the consequences of it.
The plan is focused on a stretch of coastline that runs from the Louisiana border to industrial enclaves south of Houston that are home to one of the world’s largest concentrations of petrochemical facilities, including most of Texas’ 30 refineries, which represent 30 percent of the nation’s refining capacity.
Texas is seeking at least $12 billion for the full coastal spine, with nearly all of it coming from public funds. Last month, the government fast-tracked an initial $3.9 billion for three separate, smaller storm barrier projects that would specifically protect oil facilities...
Protecting a wide expanse will be expensive. After Hurricane Harvey, a special Texas commission prepared a report seeking $61 billion from Congress to “future proof” the state against such natural disasters, without mentioning climate change, which scientists say will cause heavier rains and stronger storms.
Via the Associated Press / August 22, 2018
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Conference attracted climate science deniers and fossil fuel evangelists
Via Inside Climate News / August 8, 2018
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The wrap on this customized Tesla is inspired by Professor Ed Hawkin’s ‘Warming Stripes’ graphic.
The graphic shows each year’s average global temperature, between 1850-2017, as a color, blue for cooler than average, red for warmer. The deeper the color, the further from the average. Check out the Climate Lab Book at www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk.
July 2018
CO2 vs. Magnesite. Mineralization. Mitigation. Gesundheit.
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Via E&E News
* https://www.eenews.net/stories/1060088035%F0%9F%94%92
 'Brave new world' as team Inhofe takes over
Robin Bravender, E&E News reporter
Greenwire: Friday, July 6, 2018
It's official: Alumni of the best-known climate skeptic in Congress are leading EPA.
Former aides to Sen. Jim Inhofe (R-Okla.) have helped shape President Trump's energy policy agenda since even before he was elected. Many of them quickly landed top spots at EPA and in the White House, and Inhofe alumnus Ryan Jackson helped shepherd Scott Pruitt through the confirmation process before becoming his chief of staff at the agency last year.
But now an ex-Inhofe staffer is taking the reins as Pruitt leaves under a cloud of controversies.
Andrew Wheeler, who steps in as EPA's chief on Monday, was staff director and chief counsel to Inhofe on the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee for much of the George W. Bush administration.
Jackson, a longtime friend of Wheeler, is expected to remain as EPA's chief of staff after Pruitt's exit. Jackson — a native Oklahoman — was an Inhofe aide who worked as EPW staff director and Inhofe's chief of staff.
Brittany Bolen became the acting head of EPA's policy shop after Samantha Dravis left earlier this year. Bolen was Republican counsel to Inhofe on the EPW Committee. Daisy Letendre, a communications adviser in the policy office, was Inhofe's communications director. And former Inhofe counsel Mandy Gunasekara is now principal deputy assistant administrator in EPA's air office...
"With these Inhofe staff, you get all of the Pruitt policy and none of the Pruitt baggage," said an energy lobbyist and former congressional staffer.
It makes sense that ex-Inhofe aides would populate EPA under a Republican administration, the lobbyist said, given Inhofe's long tenure as the top Republican on the Senate committee charged with overseeing the agency...
They also share an appreciation for process, said Matt Dempsey, Inhofe's former communications director...
Under Wheeler, "the whole tone is going to be different," the energy lobbyist said. "People are going to perceive that Andy is going to spend his time on policy and not thinking about whether he's the next senator from Oklahoma."
But as Republicans and many in industry are celebrating the rise of the Inhofe crowd at EPA, some on the left are furious that disciples of the Senate's most vocal climate change skeptic — famous for throwing a snowball on the Senate floor to try to disprove global warming — are leading the agency tasked with protecting the environment.
"It is a brave new world of pro-fossil-fuel ideologues who seem not to care about anything but industry profits, the rest of the country be damned," said Bill Snape, an attorney at the Center for Biological Diversity. "We're all getting hit in the head by the snowball at this point. It's obviously disturbing."
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Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, a new Democratic Party green leader who's out in front
From Ocasio-Cortez's platform:
Climate change is the single biggest national security threat for the United States and the single biggest threat to worldwide industrialized civilization, and the effects of warming can be hard to predict and self-reinforcing.
Alexandria strongly supports transitioning the United States to a carbon-free, 100% renewable energy system and a fully modernized electrical grid by 2035. She believes renewable fuels must be produced in a way that achieves our environmental and energy security goals, so we can move beyond oil responsibly in the fight against climate change. By encouraging the electrification of vehicles, sustainable home heating, distributed rooftop solar generation, and the conversion of the power grid to zero-emissions energy sources, Alexandria believes we can be 100% free of fossil fuels by 2035.
Furthermore, Alex believes in recognizing the relationship between economic stability and environmental sustainability. It’s time to shift course and implement a Green New Deal – a transformation that implements structural changes to our political and financial systems in order to alter the trajectory of our environment.
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James Hansen’s groundbreaking testimony on global climate change
June 23rd, 2018 is thirty years to a day after Dr. Hansen's testimony in 1988
A retrospective look... "A Prophet of Doom Was Right About the Climate"
On June 23, 1988, in the sweltering heat, Hansen told a U.S. Senate committee he was 99 percent certain that the year’s record temperatures were not the result of natural variation. It was the first time a lead scientist drew a connection between human activities, the growing concentration of atmospheric pollutants, and a warming climate.
*Jim Hansen
* https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:Hansen-testimony-1988.jpg
James Hansen testifies in 1988: Ten Years after the Establishment of the National Climate Program Act
“It’s time to stop waffling so much and say that the evidence is pretty strong that the greenhouse effect is here,” Hansen told reporters.
* http://grist.org/article/a-climate-hero-the-early-years/
* http://grist.org/article/a-climate-hero-the-testimony/
* http://grist.org/article/a-climate-hero-an-outspoken-truth/
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https://www.greenpolicy360.net/mw/images/James_Hansen_-_NY_Times_Opinion_-_June_23%2C_2018.pdf
* Via The Guardian / 30 years later, deniers are still lying about Hansen’s amazing global warming prediction
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Global Warming: A Warning Thirty Years Ago, and Now
* AP-Associated Press / June 19, 2018 / Looking for signs of global warming? They're all around you
It's been 30 years since much of the world learned that global warming had arrived. On June 23, 1988, NASA scientist James Hansen testified before Congress, explaining that heat-trapping gases spewed by the burning of fossil fuels were pushing temperatures higher.
But it turns out climate isn't the only thing that's changing: Nature itself is, too. That's the picture painted by interviews with more than 50 scientists and an Associated Press analysis of data on plants, animals, pollen, ice, sea level and more.
You don't need a thermometer or a rain gauge to notice climate change, and you don't need to be a scientist to see it...
* AP / June 18, 2018 / Warned 30 years ago, global warming 'is in our living room'
On June 23, 1988, a sultry day in Washington, James Hansen told Congress and the world that global warming wasn't approaching — it had already arrived. The testimony of the top NASA scientist, said Rice University historian Douglas Brinkley, was "the opening salvo of the age of climate change."
Thirty years later, it's clear that Hansen and other doomsayers were right. But the change has been so sweeping that it is easy to lose sight of effects large and small — some obvious, others less conspicuous.
Earth is noticeably hotter, the weather stormier and more extreme. Polar regions have lost billions of tons of ice; sea levels have been raised by trillions of gallons of water. Far more wildfires rage.
Over 30 years — the time period climate scientists often use in their studies in order to minimize natural weather variations — the world's annual temperature has warmed nearly 1 degree (0.54 degrees Celsius), according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration / NOAA. And the temperature in the United States has gone up even more — nearly 1.6 degrees.
"The biggest change over the last 30 years, which is most of my life, is that we're no longer thinking just about the future," said Kathie Dello, a climate scientist at Oregon State University in Corvallis. "Climate change is here, it's now and it's hitting us hard from all sides."
Warming hasn't been just global, it's been all too local. According to an Associated Press statistical analysis of 30 years of weather, ice, fire, ocean, biological and other data, every single one of the 344 climate divisions in the Lower 48 states — NOAA groupings of counties with similar weather — has warmed significantly, as has each of 188 cities examined.
* AP / June 18, 2018 / James Hansen wishes he wasn't so right about global warming
James Hansen wishes he was wrong. He wasn't.
NASA's top climate scientist in 1988, Hansen warned the world on a record hot June day 30 years ago that global warming was here and worsening. In a scientific study that came out a couple months later, he even forecast how warm it would get, depending on emissions of heat-trapping gases.
The hotter world that Hansen envisioned in 1988 has pretty much come true so far, more or less. Three decades later, most climate scientists interviewed rave about the accuracy of Hansen's predictions given the technology of the time.
Hansen won't say, "I told you so."
"I don't want to be right in that sense," Hansen told The Associated Press, in an interview is his New York penthouse apartment. That's because being right means the world is warming at an unprecedented pace and ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland are melting.
Hansen said what he really wishes happened is "that the warning be heeded and actions be taken."
They weren't. Hansen, now 77, regrets not being "able to make this story clear enough for the public..."
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Priority: Climate Data, Climate Facts, Climate Policy
June 24, 2018 Via the NY Times and Washington Post
* NOAA May Lose Its Climate Focus
The Trump administration appears to be planning to shift the mission of one of the most important federal science agencies that works on climate change — away from climate change.
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), which is part of the Department of Commerce, operates a constellation of earth-observing satellites. Because of its work on climate science data collection and analysis, it has become one of the most important U.S. agencies for making sense of the warming planet. But that focus may shift, according to a slide presentation at a Department of Commerce meeting by Tim Gallaudet, the acting head of the agency.
* NOAA to remove 'climate' from mission statement? 
A recent presentation by the acting head of the United States' top weather and oceans agency suggested removing the study of "climate" from its official mission statement, focusing the agency's work instead on economic goals and "homeland and national security."
Critics say this would upend the mission of the $5.9 billion National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
NOAA's mission, the agency currently says, is "to understand and predict changes in climate, weather, oceans, and coasts, to share that knowledge and information with others, and to conserve and manage coastal and marine ecosystems and resources."
In a presentation at a Department of Commerce "Vision Setting Summit" earlier this month, Rear Adm. Timothy Gallaudet, the agency's acting administrator, suggested a change to that mission statement, as well as a new emphasis on tripling the size of the U.S. aquaculture industry within a decade and moving to "reduce the seafood trade deficit."
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Earth Science / Environmental Security - Global Security
*Government acting to burn the climate data
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Over the Amazon forest canopies
Climate Change and Impacts in the Amazon
Flying over the Brazilian Amazon with an instrument firing 300,000 laser pulses per second, NASA scientists have made the first 3D measurements of forest canopies in the region.
"Climate projections for the Amazon basin suggest warmer and drier conditions in coming decades," said Earth system scientist Doug Morton at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, and a co-author on the research recently published in New Phytologist. "Drought events give us a preview of how tropical forests may react to a warmer world.”
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Judge Orders EPA to Produce Science
Via E&E News-Scientific American
June 5, 2018 / Freedom of Information Request To Be Acted Upon 
EPA must produce the opposing body of science Administrator Scott Pruitt has relied upon to claim that humans are not the primary drivers of global warming, a federal judge has ruled.
The EPA boss has so far resisted attempts to show the science backing up his claims.
Not long after he took over as EPA administrator, Pruitt appeared on CNBC’s “Squawk Box,” where he was asked about carbon dioxide and climate change. He said, “I would not agree that it’s a primary contributor to the global warming that we see.”
The next day, Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility, or PEER, filed a Freedom of Information Act request seeking the studies Pruitt used to make his claims. Specifically, the group requested “EPA documents that support the conclusion that human activity is not the largest factor driving global climate change.”
On Friday, the chief judge of the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, Beryl Howell, ordered the agency to comply.
“Particularly troubling is the apparent premise of this agency challenge to the FOIA request, namely: that the evidentiary basis for a policy or factual statement by an agency head, including about the scientific factors contributing to climate change, is inherently unknowable.”
If the case proceeds, it could mean that Pruitt would have to produce such research in the coming months or next year.
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* Senior EPA officials collaborated with climate change denial group, emails show
Before and After: The Oklahoma Congressman Shifts from Climate Change Denial
Trump’s new NASA Chief seem to have changed his position
 "I fully believe and know the climate is changing" 
: “I also know that we human beings are contributing to it in a major way” 
Via The Atlantic
Jim Bridenstine: “As far as my position on climate change and how it’s evolved, I’ll be very open...” the new administrator of NASA said at a town hall Thursday (May 17) at the agency’s headquarters in Washington, D.C.
“I don’t deny that consensus that the climate is changing,” he said. “In fact, I fully believe and know that the climate is changing. I also know that we humans beings are contributing to it in a major way. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. We’re putting it into the atmosphere in volumes that we haven’t seen, and that greenhouse gas is warming the planet. That is absolutely happening, and we are responsible for it.”
... whether Bridenstine’s views on climate change have changed or not, the views of his bosses haven’t, and this remains a point of concern for Bridentine’s critics. The Trump White House has proposed cutting or canceling many of nasa’s earth-science missions. So far, they’ve been spared. Republicans don’t have enough seats in the Senate to pass their dream budgets, so they’ve had to negotiate bipartisan budget legislation with Democrats. This setup has preserved most of nasa’s climate funding, but not all. The latest budget deal didn’t specifically mention nasa’s Carbon Monitoring System, a $10-million program to track greenhouse-gas emissions around the world. The Trump administration took that as an opportunity to terminate the program.
* Trump dismantles NASA climate change program
* Americans want NASA to focus more on our home planet: Survey
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What EPA Climate Website?
It has been more than a year since the EPA took down its climate website
Washington Post 
The news came on a Friday evening in April 2017 : The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency had removed an informational website about climate change, taking down a page that had been up, in some form, for nearly two decades and under three presidents.
Before its removal, the page had plainly stated a position on climate change: It is caused by humans, and there’s no significant doubt about that. But that position contradicted statements by the new EPA chief, Scott Pruitt, who had expressed doubts about human activity being the dominant driver of climate change.
EPA said at the time that the site had been taken down for review and that it had been archived and was still available as part of a “snapshot” of the state of the site on Jan. 19, 2017, just as the new administration took command.
But a year later, the agency’s climate page is still down.
Would-be visitors are redirected to a notice saying that “this page is being updated.”
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Can the world kick its fossil-fuel addiction fast enough?
Clean energy is growing quickly. But time is running out to rein in carbon emissions
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Update: 
* Pruitt Proposes Limits to Scientific Research Used by EPA Staff
Congressional calls for investigation into Pruitt
The more we learn about Pruitt, the clearer it is he needs to go
‘A factory of bad ideas’: How Scott Pruitt undermined his mission at EPA
Editorial / Newspaper / Media political cartoons across the U.S. on Scott Pruitt
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:More re: Shared Socioeconomic Pathways
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::
:: Methane, We're Watching
:: https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Copernicus_EU
:: Detecting methane from space 
::"There has been quite a buzz around this unique advancement in space, and the valuable data it will provide on methane, a powerful greenhouse gas that accounts for a quarter of the warming our planet is experiencing today. Curbing anthropogenic methane emissions is one of the most efficient and economical options available to slow the rate of warming over the next few decades, while efforts continue to reduce CO2 emissions worldwide."
::* Update: US environmental group wins millions to develop methane-monitoring satellite
::The Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) is planning to be the first environmental group to send its own satellite into space. 
::New Space 
::“We need good solid data so that we really can support global action on climate change, and we’ve got to do it fast,” says Steven Hamburg, the EDF’s chief scientist.
::The most detailed measurements currently available of atmospheric methane concentrations currently come from a sensor aboard the European Space Agency’s Sentinel-5P spacecraft, which launched in October 2017. The Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument provides global coverage at a resolution of nearly 50 square kilometres, but those measurements do not capture the dispersed sources of emissions from oil and gas fields.
::Commercial firms have developed high-resolution sensors that can be placed aboard 10-centimetre-sided CubeSats to measure emissions from individual wells or other facilities. Those data are proprietary, however, and the measurements cannot be scaled up to the level of an entire oil and gas field.
::The Environmental Defense Fund team is designing MethaneSAT to provide more-precise measurements, at a resolution of 1 square kilometre, with global coverage at least once a week.
:::*https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Earth_Imaging-New_Space
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Paleoclimate: Digging into the Past to Chart our Future: Richard Alley & Gavin Schmidt 
As human activities drive Earth’s rapidly changing climate, there is an urgent need to build better models that help us predict and prepare for our future. These models need robust data that stretch far back in time. Enter: the fossil record—a storehouse of climate evidence that paleontologists are getting better and better at deciphering. Join us for an evening with two renowned researchers—Richard Alley, Evan Pugh Professor of Geosciences and an Associate of the Earth and Environmental Systems Institute at Penn State, and Gavin Schmidt, Director of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies...
Understanding Climate Change (Video) / Presentation starts at 10:10
March 2018
Via CarbonBrief: 
* "Is Shell’s new climate scenario as ‘radical’ as it says?" 
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Global Energy & CO2 Status Report
Latest trends in energy and emissions
* http://www.iea.org/geco/
* International Energy Agency
The IEA’s first Global Energy and CO2 Status Report – released in March 2018 – provides a snapshot of recent global trends and developments across fuels, renewable sources, and energy efficiency and carbon emissions, in 2017.
Overview
Global energy demand grew by 2.1% in 2017, according to IEA preliminary estimates, more than twice the growth rate in 2016. Global energy demand in 2017 reached an estimated 14 050 million tonnes of oil equivalent (Mtoe), compared with 10 035 Mtoe in 2000.
Fossil fuels met over 70% of the growth in energy demand around the world. Natural gas demand increased the most, reaching a record share of 22% in total energy demand. Renewables also grew strongly, making up around a quarter of global energy demand growth, while nuclear use accounted for the remainder of the growth. The overall share of fossil fuels in global energy demand in 2017 remained at 81%, a level that has remained stable for more than three decades despite strong growth in renewables.
Improvements in global energy efficiency slowed down. The rate of decline in global energy intensity, defined as the energy consumed per unit of economic output, slowed to only 1.7%* in 2017, much lower than the 2.0% improvement seen in 2016.
The growth in global energy demand was concentrated in Asia, with China and India together representing more than 40% of the increase. Energy demand in all advanced economies contributed more than 20% of global energy demand growth, although their share in total energy use continued to fall. Notable growth was also registered in Southeast Asia (which accounted for 8% of global energy demand growth) and Africa (6%), although per capita energy use in these regions still remains well below the global average.
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Global energy-related CO2 emissions grew by 1.4% in 2017, reaching a historic high of 32.5 gigatonnes (Gt), a resumption of growth after three years of global emissions remaining flat. The increase in CO2 emissions, however, was not universal. While most major economies saw a rise, some others experienced declines, including the United States, United Kingdom, Mexico and Japan. The biggest decline came from the United States, mainly because of higher deployment of renewables.
Oil
World oil demand rose by 1.6% (or 1.5 million barrels a day) in 2017, a rate that was more than twice the annual average seen over the last decade. An increasing share of sport utility vehicles and light trucks in major economies and demand from the petrochemicals sector bolstered this growth.
Natural gas
Global natural gas demand grew by 3%, thanks in large part to abundant and relatively low-cost supplies. China alone accounted for almost 30% of global growth. In the past decade, half of global gas demand growth came from the power sector; last year, however, over 80% of the rise came from industry and buildings.
Coal
Global coal demand rose about 1% in 2017, reversing the declining trend seen over the last two years. This growth was mainly due to demand in Asia, almost entirely driven by an increase in coal-fired electricity generation.
Renewables
Renewables saw the highest growth rate of any energy source in 2017, meeting a quarter of global energy demand growth. China and the United States led this unprecedented growth, contributing around 50% of the increase in renewables-based electricity generation, followed by the European Union, India and Japan. Wind power accounted for 36% of the growth in renewables-based power output.
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143 Million People May Soon Become Climate Migrants
Climate change will drive human migration more than other events, a new report warns. But the worst impacts can be avoided.
National Geographic / World Bank / March 2018
Climate change will transform more than 143 million people into “climate migrants” (#ClimateMigration) escaping crop failure, water scarcity, and sea-level rise, a new World Bank report concludes.
Most of this population shift will take place in Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Latin America—three “hot spots” that represent 55 percent of the developing world’s populations.
The report, Groundswell—Preparing for Internal Climate Migration, also shifts the focus from cross-border migration, which has drawn global attention as refugees and migrants flee war, poverty and oppression, to in-country migration, which involves many more millions of people on the move in search of viable places to live. 
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US Climate Politics: Red Team v. Blue Team Climate Debate Cancelled
March 9, 2018 / NYT
The idea of publicly critiquing climate change on the national stage has been a notable theme for Scott Pruitt, the administrator of the E.P.A. For nearly a year he has championed the notion of holding military-style exercises known as red team, blue team debates, possibly to be broadcast live, to question the validity of climate change.
Mr. Pruitt has spoken personally with Mr. Trump about the idea, and the president expressed enthusiasm for it, according to people familiar with the conversations.
But the plan encountered widespread resistance within the administration from Mr. Kelly and other top officials, who regarded it as ill-conceived and politically risky, and when Mr. Pruitt sought to announce it last fall, they weighed in to stop him...
The tension between the White House and the E.P.A. over the red team, blue team idea reflects a broader rift within the administration over whether and how directly to attack climate change science itself. While the words “climate change” have been removed from many federal websites, and Mr. Trump has mocked global warming in tweets, the administration has stopped short of using the power of the federal government to attack the science.
(GreenPolicy editor: The Trump administration has demonstrably not "stopped short of using the power of the federal government to attack the science" of climate change. The GreenPolicy360 Climate News page and related pages such as Earth Science and Earth Research from Space examine the facts of this administration's concerted actions against climate and environmental science and policy. The record of actions taken will be discussed for years as the issue of damage to national and environmental security increases as vital national security interest.)
* Environmental Security, National Security
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World Bank announces it will no longer finance oil/gas projects after 2019
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=enG1JbNq5BQ
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qb5m09ej8HE
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BwT2b9bHvNI
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Exxon is abandoning Russian projects
Hopes of drilling in Moscow's Arctic ocean oil fields end
Via the Wall Street Journal -- https://www.wsj.com/articles/exxon-abandons-russian-projects-brokered-by-tillerson-1519897033
Withdrawal from joint venture brokered by Tillerson for now marks end of energy giant’s hopes of drilling in Arctic ocean oil fields
The Texas oil giant said in a regulatory filing late Wednesday that it would walk away from the joint venture with state-controlled PAO Rosneft to seek oil in the ice-choked waters of the Kara Sea, a hard-fought deal signed in 2012 by the company’s former chief executive, Rex Tillerson, now U.S. secretary of state.
Mr. Tillerson touted the agreement as a breakthrough giving Exxon access to one of the world’s great unexplored oil and gas basins. The company reportedly spent about $700 million to drill the first well, likely making it the most expensive ever. It struck oil, according to Rosneft...
Exxon declined to comment on the reasons for its decision. The company said it would formally begin to withdraw from the Rosneft joint ventures this year, taking a $200 million loss after taxes.
Rosneft said in a statement carried by Russian news agencies that it would support the return of Exxon to the projects in the future if it were legally possible.
More re: Arctic warming, via GreenPolicy360 -- https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Arctic
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February 2018
The story behind the satellite that Trump wants dead
It’s difficult to describe all the ways this is stupid
* The Orbiting Carbon Observatory's primary job is to see what's happening to the carbon dioxide levels in our atmosphere
There were plenty of striking things about February 12th's budget news, given that it contained lots of draconian cuts that were simultaneously restored because Congress had boosted spending the week before. But perhaps the most striking among them was an item in the proposed budget for NASA: Trump wants to block the follow on to a highly successful NASA mission.
To truly appreciate just how awful this is, you have to understand the history of that satellite and what it means to the scientific community as a whole. So let's step back and take a look at why the Orbiting Carbon Observatory (or OCO) exists in the first place. It turns out it was built specifically to handle some outstanding questions of the sort that people in the administration say are important, and killing its successor would mean the existing mission never lives up to its full potential.
:* https://arstechnica.com/science/2018/02/op-ed-the-story-behind-the-satellite-that-trump-wants-dead/
:CO2 Molecule
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:* NASA Pinpoints Cause of Earth’s Recent Record Carbon Dioxide Spike
A new NASA study provides space-based evidence that Earth’s tropical regions were the cause of the largest annual increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration seen in at least 2,000 years... 
The findings are published in the journal Science Friday as part of a collection of five research papers based on OCO-2 data.
Carbon Dioxide and OCO-2 Data: Earth Science that Counts
:NASA OCO-2, critical measurements, critical mission -- https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12478
:NASA CO2 Video
::Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most important greenhouse gas released to the atmosphere through human activities...
:::* (NASA Media / "Following Carbon Dioxide Through the Atmosphere") | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=syU1rRCp7E8 
::The OCO-2 mission greatly expands the ability to observe atmospheric carbon dioxide. OCO-2 collects high-precision, total column measurements of carbon dioxide (from the sensor to Earth’s surface) during daylight conditions. 
::Scientists can use model results to understand and predict where carbon dioxide is being emitted and removed from the atmosphere and how much is from natural processes and human activities.
:: OCO-2's unprecedented science is "a step toward answering critical questions about carbon dioxide and Earth's climate future."
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:Record Surge in CO2
::New CO2 Record
:::CO2 Highest Level in 800,000 Years
Scott Pruitt's Opinion
:Environmental Protection Chief Talks and Explains
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Full Costs of Fossil Fuels & Global Impact Set Aside
 link=https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:January_31,_2018_Renewable_cuts_proposed.png
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US Environmental Nominee Goes Down in Controversy
WASHINGTON / Via NY Times / February 4, 2018 — The Trump administration plans to withdraw its nomination of Kathleen Hartnett White, a climate change skeptic, to lead the Council on Environmental Quality...
Mrs. White has "called renewable energy “unreliable and parasitic,” described global warming as “a creed, a faith, a dogma that has little to do with science,” and asserted that science does not dictate policy in democracies."
President Trump in October appointed Ms. White, a former Texas environmental regulator who has said that carbon dioxide should be considered the “gas of life” rather than a pollutant, to be the White House senior environmental adviser. 
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Scrubbed: Penultimate Politics
:National/Global Security Failure in Strategy Doctrine
"The Pentagon scrubbed its latest National Defense Strategy of all references to climate change..."
A summary document released January 19, 2018, makes no mention of “climate,” “warming,” “planet,” “sea levels” or even “temperature.” All 22 uses of the word “environment” refer to the strategic or security landscape. The 11-page memo, signed by Defense Secretary James Mattis, is the first update to the policy in a decade.
It’s unlikely the Department of Defense will release a full National Defense Strategy report; instead, the document is expected to remain classified. The Pentagon did not immediately return a call requesting comment. 
The move comes a month after the White House dropped climate change from the list of threats in its National Security Strategy. (Via HuffPost)
: Demand for a New Security Vision Grows Critical
: Visit GreenPolicy's associate, Strategic Demands
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National Academy of Sciences Report: Top Science Priorities for Space-Based Earth Observation Over Next Decade
: http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewpr.html?pid=52040
We live on a dynamic Earth shaped by both natural processes and the impacts of humans on their environment. It is in our collective interest to observe and understand our planet, and to predict future behavior to the extent possible, in order to effectively manage resources, successfully respond to threats from natural and human-induced environmental change, and capitalize on the opportunities – social, economic, security, and more – that such knowledge can bring.
Earth Science Research from Space
Earth and Space, Politics
* George Brown: Looking back at beginnings of earth science research from space and forward-looking National Security 
By continuously monitoring and exploring Earth, developing a deep understanding of its evolving behavior, and characterizing the processes that shape and reshape the environment in which we live, we not only advance knowledge and basic discovery about our planet, but we further develop the foundation upon which benefits to society are built. Thriving on Our Changing Planet presents prioritized science, applications, and observations, along with related strategic and programmatic guidance, to support the U.S. civil space Earth observation program over the coming decade.
 December 2017
Climate Science @ Reddit: Time to to Look Again to the Future
: https://www.reddit.com/search?q=Climate
November 2017
Global Climate Action @ the United Nations Climate Change Conference
: Bonn Climate Conference Report
: Bonn / Global Climate Action / Programme
:International Cooperation (and US Non-Cooperation)
::Framework Convention on Climate Change
::http://unfccc.int/2860.php
::https://cop23.unfccc.int/
:::Call to Hold to the Paris Agreement
:::Climate Change Conference Aims for Progress
California Gov. Jerry Brown delivers a blunt climate change message in Germany
Brown has been hailed in German media as the “anti-Trump” for his efforts to keep the United States engaged in the 2015 Paris agreement’s commitments to cut greenhouse emissions...
“It’s hard to get your mind around something so extensive,” said Brown, who was appointed by Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, the U.N. conference president, to serve as a special advisor for states and regions...
“Let’s lead the whole world to realize this is not your normal political challenge,” he added. “This is much bigger. This is life itself. It requires courage and imagination.”
:@Green Policy: Jerry Brown
:Calif Out in Front in a Green Future
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Carbon Dioxide in Atmosphere Surges
:Atmospheric Science - Earth CO2 Surging
::Highest CO2 in 800,000 Years
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 "Climathon" 
:To highlight the global collaboration happening across the world -- http://www.climate-kic.org/
::https://eit.europa.eu/newsroom/climate-kic-malm%C3%B6-encourages-children-in-climathon
:::Climate-KIC, from the European Union
::::: The EU’s main climate innovation initiative - http://www.climate-kic.org/
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Now Only One Country Refusing to Support the International Climate Agreement
:November 7, 2017
:Trump's Rejection: U.S. Outside of International Community
:U.S. Isolated
Only Two Countries Outside the International Climate Agreement
:October 24
:As Nicaragua Signs Paris Agreement, Only U.S. and Syria Left Outside Global Climate Agreement
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In the U.S., Trump Administration Acts to Repeal President Obama's Climate Plan
Via Vox
EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt announces actions to repeal the Clean Power Plan, Obama’s program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from US power plants. 
This begins a legal and regulatory process that will grind on for many years, likely longer than Trump’s first term.
While there is public support for fighting climate change (about 61 percent of Americans, in one recent poll) and specifically for regulating carbon emissions (even a majority of Trump voters, in one poll), the Clean Power Plan does not rest on voter expectations, but on a legal expectation.
In 2007, the Supreme Court ruled, in Massachusetts v. EPA, that carbon dioxide qualifies as an air pollutant under the Clean Air Act. If the EPA determines that carbon is a danger to public health, the court said, it must regulate carbon to reduce that danger.
In 2009, the EPA issued its Endangerment Finding, demonstrating (based on intensive research and documentation) that greenhouse gases are in fact a danger to public health.
The Supreme Court ruling plus the Endangerment Finding mean that the EPA is legally obligated to regulate carbon in such a way as to meliorate the danger it poses to public health.
The only way EPA can escape that core legal obligation is to overturn the Endangerment Finding. Some conservative denialist groups, recognizing that fact, are pressuring Pruitt to attempt just that. Doing so, however, would likely prove impossible. It would have to pass legal review, and the simple fact is that the science overwhelmingly supports the EPA’s case.
:○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 
:• WAR ON THE EPA: How Scott Pruitt’s EPA Is Erasing Obama’s Climate Change Legacy
:• The EPA rips up the Clean Power Plan 
:• Scott Pruitt and Donald Trump Further Endanger the Planet
:• Mr. Trump Nails Shut the Coffin on Climate Relief
:• Trump EPA's 4-Year Strategic Plan Doesn't Mention 'Climate.' Not Once.
:• Inside the Coal War Games
:• Withdrawing Clean Power Plan Won’t Bring Back Coal, States Unite
:• EPA rollbacks are bad for our planet
:○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 
Oil Change International Statement on Clean Power Plan Repeal
WASHINGTON - Today, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Administrator Scott Pruitt issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to repeal the Clean Power Plan. In response, Janet Redman, U.S. Policy Director at Oil Change International issued the following statement:
“Pruitt’s move to repeal the Clean Power Plan shouldn’t come as any surprise. He’s repeatedly partnered with fossil fuel companies to sue the EPA for regulating the industry’s air, water, and climate pollution. This kind of cronyism is exactly what happens when government agencies are captured by the corporations they’re supposed to oversee.
“According to Pruitt, this is just another way to even the playing field for coal, oil, and gas - but he knows as well as anyone that fossil fuels already get massive government giveaways. In fact, permanent tax breaks for the fossil fuel industry are seven times higher than those for renewable energy.
“The fight to curb the worst abuses of the fossil fuel energy industry won’t stop here. Federal legislation, the courts, and millions of voters have made it clear that the federal government is obligated to protect American workers and families from the deadly impacts of dirty energy, not hand polluters taxpayer dollars.
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Visit the NASA Orbiting Carbon Observatory OCO-2
OCO-2
#ClimateAction Is a Race Against Time
• https://twitter.com/UNFCCC/status/910376712030052357
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Earth Science Deep Budget Cuts at NASA
:What Could We Lose if a NASA Climate Mission Goes Dark?
::Threat to the NASA Mission and Environmental Security
The current array of American earth science satellites, comprising dozens of NOAA and NASA missions, is the product of some 40 years of experimentation and investment on the part of the federal government.
The satellites go by acronyms like GOES-13, Modis, SMAP and OCO-2... We are in a "golden age" of earth science research from space.
Multiple programs and missions are now being placed in danger by a 'deconstruction' agenda by some in the US Congress, in particular by several Congressmen from oil/gas states like Texas and Oklahoma. House science and environment chair Lamar Smith and environment committee chair Senator Jim Inhofe have taken positions to severely cut earth science programs. It is not a move, as GreenPolicy has argued, that advances the nation's security nor does it build a vital position of the US within the global community of nations.
President Trump’s budget plan proposes to cut OCO-3, a follow-up mission that would continue essential OCO-2 earth science, CO2 monitoring work.
The political debate continues, but the physics and data, the science, the facts have their own momentum that if denied or hidden, if databases are scrubbed with data lost as a result ("data gaps") of precipitous actions, this will deliver serious costs to future generations. The conclusions of most all current climate scientists are, without doubt, serious science at work and if the science and scientists warnings are ignored it will be at the peril of today's generations and those of the future.
Much is at stake. Many speak of existential questions that are now in human hands. Humanity is entering a new era, an Anthropocene Era where new challenges and new responsibilities are coming into view. Our challenges are local, national and global. It is for us to rise to the challenge.
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Climate Science Denier to Head Up NASA?
US President to Nominate a Political Voice from Inhofe's Oklahoma... 
: "Deep Concern" Expressed Over Nomination of Jim Bridenstine to Head NASA
○
NASA's Mission to Study Planet Earth in Jeopardy 
September 2, 2017 Report by Joe Romm
• https://thinkprogress.org/trump-names-climate-science-denier-to-run-nasa-c9a46a6f4a52/
More from Joe Romm at GreenPolicy "Stories of the Day"
::Dr. Joseph Romm, creator of climateprogress.org -- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P6ag3b1WCYc -- http://www.climateprogress.org
:::Joe Romm -- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_J._Romm -- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hell_and_High_Water_(book)
More on Jim Bridenstine from Think Progress/Climate
Bridenstine is a politician without any scientific credentials, unlike previous NASA chiefs ... NASA scientists have led the way in documenting the scientific reality of climate change. But in 2013, Bridenstine not only gave a speech on the House floor filled with standard denier talking points, he actually ended his remarks with a demand that President Obama apologize for funding research into climate science.
The truth is that while “planetary warming does not care about the election,” humanity very much cares that the Trump Administration is doing everything it can to undermine climate science and climate action. Bridenstine’s nomination deserves widespread opposition.
A Quick Look Back at Bridenstein in the US Congress
Just as extreme weather season kicks off, freshman Rep. Jim Bridenstine (R-OK) demanded that President Obama apologize to Oklahoma for allocating funding to climate change research. Bridenstine, a climate denier who serves on the House Science, Space, and Technology Committee, plans to introduce a bill that defunds climate change research.
:See Hurricane Harvey, Houston, Texas, August 2017 
:• https://youtu.be/GUcsAFnwC7k
Tracking an Anti-Science Faction in the US Congress
:• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Earth_and_Space,_Politics
The nomination of Jim Bridenstine brings a new level of threat to US national security ...
GreenPolicy360 re-visits our associate Strategic Demands' Op-Ed in July 2016 -- Republicans in Congress, A Vote to Block National Security?
:• http://strategicdemands.com/republicans-vote-to-block-national-security/
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Texas, Louisiana, Florida -- and the National Flood Insurance Program
Read more at Sea-Level Rise -- https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Sea-Level_Rise
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Hurricane Harvey Devastates Texas
Extreme Weather: Costs and Risks
:::
:Over Texas / August 29
::Harvey marks the most extreme rain event in U.S. history 
:::• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:Harvey_Houston.png
https://assets.rbl.ms/10607706/980x.jpg
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::
 
Monitoring the Global Climate Accord
::• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:INDC
Donald Trump ends IPCC funding and 'abandons global science leadership' 
The US has ended its funding to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change despite the serious national security implications for the country ... and security impacts internationally.'''
This is a remarkable departure considering the previous high regard for the IPCC, including the fact it was awarded the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize “for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change.”
More on IPCC from GreenPolicy360 
:• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/IPCC_Report_Nov_2014
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NYT / Scott Pruitt Is Carrying Out His E.P.A. Agenda in Secret
(A)s he works to roll back regulations, close offices and eliminate staff at the agency charged with protecting the nation’s environment and public health, Mr. Pruitt is taking extraordinary measures to conceal his actions, according to interviews with more than 20 current and former agency employees.
WASHINGTON — When career employees of the Environmental Protection Agency are summoned to a meeting with the agency’s administrator, Scott Pruitt, at agency headquarters, they no longer can count on easy access to the floor where his office is, according to interviews with employees of the federal agency.
Doors to the floor are now frequently locked, and employees have to have an escort to gain entrance.
Some employees say they are also told to leave behind their cellphones when they meet with Mr. Pruitt, and are sometimes told not to take notes.
Mr. Pruitt, according to the employees, who requested anonymity out of fear of losing their jobs, often makes important phone calls from other offices rather than use the phone in his office, and he is accompanied, even at E.P.A. headquarters, by armed guards, the first head of the agency to ever request round-the-clock security.
A former Oklahoma attorney general who built his career suing the E.P.A., and whose LinkedIn profile still describes him as “a leading advocate against the EPA’s activist agenda,” Mr. Pruitt has made it clear that he sees his mission to be dismantling the agency’s policies — and even portions of the institution itself.
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Climate Science, Special Report / Key Findings
:The 673 page report represents a massive body of the latest scientific findings on climate change.
::Full Version Report
The report carries with it a monumental scientific gravitas. A level of credibility that Trump, even in his wildest fantasies, couldn’t hope to achieve. It includes a culmination of research coming from thousands of peer-reviewed studies resulting in the accumulated work of tens of thousands of scientists. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) served as the lead government agency conducting the report. Representatives from three other federal agencies joined with NOAA along with a team of 54 scientist authors and reviewers drawing from both public and private sector institutional knowledge in compiling the report.
:• https://robertscribbler.com/tag/climate-science-special-report/
:• https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/03/15/obama-left-trump-a-major-climate-change-report-and-independent-scientists-just-said-its-accurate/
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Via Politico / Pruitt climate science challenge splits conservative allies
There is concern the GOP and its policies will suffer if the EPA chief reopens a losing argument about whether global warming is real
○
Via China News Xinhua / 'Official' US Notice of Withdrawal from International Climate Agreement
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National Public Radio - Fresh Air / Al Gore Warns That Trump Is A 'Distraction' From The Issue Of Climate Change
"I have no illusions about the possibility of changing Donald Trump's mind," Gore says. "I think he has made it abundantly clear that he's throwing his lot in with the climate deniers."
Gore spoke with the president multiple times prior to Trump's announcement about the Paris accord. Gore is now focused on building a bipartisan consensus to address the climate crisis.
Part of creating that consensus is spreading awareness of an issue that Gore has been following for decades. His 2006 documentary An Inconvenient Truth, which was basically an adaption of his Power Point presentation about the effects of global warming, was a surprise box office success. Now he has a new documentary, called An Inconvenient Sequel: Truth to Power.
:• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/A_Day_with_Al_Gore
:
Interview Highlights
On conversations he's had with Trump about climate change
I have taken the old-school view that conversations with a president should be kept confidential, but I will tell you that my simple focus was to convince him to stay in the Paris Agreement, and I had reason to believe that there was a real chance that he might. Previously, before his presidential campaign, he had signed a full page newspaper ad demanding that President Obama take bolder action to solve the climate crisis, so I felt there might be something to work with, and there are some people in his inner circle who certainly do believe that we have to solve the climate crisis. But he has surrounded himself with a rogues' gallery of climate deniers, coming out of the fossil fuel industry, and I think it's rather obvious that they've gained control of his thought process on this issue.
On why he believes Trump pulled out of the Paris Climate Agreement
I think he felt it was another way to throw a bone to his hardcore base. He's adopted the strategy of ignoring any effort to reach out to those who did not support him or to build broader coalitions across party and ideological lines, and seems to be counting on the fervor and passion of his shrinking base to keep him and his presidency afloat. I think that a part of his base has been particularly passionate in trying to deny the existence of a climate crisis.
On the "distracting quality" of the Trump presidency
One of the many problems he's posing for our country is the endless series of distractions — the new round of tweets, the new absurdities every day. When there's a new outrage I feel as if I have to download some existing outrage onto a hard drive so I can make room for the new outrage. The distracting quality of what he says and does is very harmful to our country's ability to sustain our focus on the most important challenges we have. ...
I have no interest in access to the Trump White House. I have no interest in any further dialogue with him. I wouldn't rule it out, because who knows what circumstances could develop, but I have no reservation about withholding criticism of him on those grounds. I just don't want to contribute to the constant distraction that takes us away from what we ought to be focused on.
On how big money is playing more of a role in the denial of climate change
[The fossil fuel industry] financed a major cottage industry of climate denial with pseudo scientists who crank out these phony pseudo-scientific reports. Their principal product is doubt. They know they don't have to win the argument, they just have to create enough doubt to lead people to lose any sense of urgency about solving this crisis. They have made some headway. But again, because Mother Nature has a more persuasive voice than any of us, they're losing this battle. The Paris Agreement was truly a historic breakthrough, illustrating that all around the world opinions are getting stronger and stronger in favor of solving the climate crisis. We're the only country with a major conservative party wedded to provable idiocy on climate science.
On how technological advancements can help combat climate change
Electricity from the sun and the wind is now in many regions much cheaper than electricity from dirty fossil fuels. Electric cars are becoming affordable. Batteries are coming down very quickly in cost, and coupled with renewable energy will utterly transform the world's energy systems, along with sustainable agriculture and forestry, we now have a chance to use these tools to really solve the climate crisis in time to avoid the catastrophic consequences that would otherwise fall upon us.
On if he ever imagined a reality TV star could be president
I did envision that someone with the skills of an actor on the screen might become president, and it was not long thereafter that Ronald Reagan was elected. I think it's not coincidental that someone like Donald Trump with not only the skill set of a reality TV star and the social media skills of what he has become, the tweeter in chief, was successful in today's media environment.
I do think that we need to reclaim the integrity and functionality of our constitutional system, and I hope that we'll see continued progress in moving the forms and patterns of democracy onto the Internet — which, with all of its many problems, the echo chambers and all the rest, nevertheless [restores] the ability of individuals with command of the facts and the ability to express themselves clearly to attract those who agree with their point of view and use knowledge as a form of power that substitutes for great wealth or force of arms.
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July / June 2017
Head of the US House Committee on Science: Climate Change is "Beneficial"
Lamar Smith Goes to Greenland
Lamar Smith Returns from Greenland
Don't Believe Lamar's Line
WASHINGTON — Rep. Lamar Smith (R-Texas) — who has spent his career cozying up to fossil fuel interests, dismissing the threat of climate change and harassing federal climate scientists — is now arguing that pumping the atmosphere full of carbon dioxide is “beneficial” to global trade, crop production and the lushness of the planet.
Rather than buying into “hysteria,” Americans should be celebrating the plus sides of a changing climate, Smith argues in an op-ed published July 24th in The Daily Signal, a news website published by the conservative Heritage Foundation.
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 How California Plans to Go Far Beyond Any Other State on Climate
NYT / Just How Far Can California Possibly Go on Climate?
GreenPolicy360 / California out in front in a Green future
Over the past decade, California has passed a sweeping set of climate laws to test a contentious theory: that it’s possible to cut greenhouse gas emissions far beyond what any other state has done and still enjoy robust economic growth.
If California prevails, it could provide a model for other policy makers, even as President Trump scales back the federal government’s efforts on climate change. The state may also develop new technologies that the rest of the world can use to cut emissions.
○
Voice of the People, via Vox
○
News from the UK and Europe
UK banning all new petrol and diesel cars by 2040
:Government's air quality plan is headline-grabbing 
:UK Environment Secretary Michael Gove’s pledge to ban new petrol and diesel cars in 23 years is not enough to tackle health crisis now, say campaigners
:Britain to ban sale of all diesel and petrol cars and vans
:Plans follow French commitment to take polluting vehicles off the road by 2040 owing to effect of poor air quality on people’s health
~
Environmental progress on common quality of life issues, building on the precedents of the US Clean Air Act of 1963 and the 1967 Air Quality Act to confront air pollution problems. 
:Air Pollution, emissions/externalities, measuring the costs to health and environmental security, acting to mitigate the threat, the consequences, local and global...
The Commons
• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Air_Pollution
• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Air_Quality
• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Environmental_full-cost_accounting
• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Externalities
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What Is the Cost of One Meter of Sea-Level Rise?
At the G-20 Meeting in Germany: The US Equation, 19+1
Attempting to Find "a text that can be tolerated" - by James Robbins, BBC Diplomatic Correspondent
For many hours, draft versions of the summit conclusions were causing deep concern to most G20 members. On climate change, it was effectively a G19 plus the United States.
Part of the final text will apparently recognise Donald Trump's rejection of the global Paris agreement to limit rising temperatures. But language the US was insisting on, which seemed to endorse the use of coal and oil long into the future, has now apparently reached a form others can tolerate, because they are not directly associated with it.
While this deadlock has apparently been resolved, it reflects a very divisive summit in which the rest of the world has been struggling to come to terms with the US president's "America first" policy: his suspicion or rejection of the whole concept of worldwide agreements designed to encourage free trade as well as collective action against global warming.
 'World Aligns Against Trump' ... G-20_19+1
:• https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/at-g-20-eu-warns-of-trade-war-if-trump-imposes-restrictions-on-steel/2017/07/07/0ffae390-62f4-11e7-a6c7-f769fa1d5691_story.html
:• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Climate_News
:• http://time.com/4850421/g20-trump-paris-agreement-climate-change/
:• http://www.cbsnews.com/news/angela-merkel-donald-trump-paris-agreement-i-deplore-this/
:• http://talkingpointsmemo.com/news/trump-against-the-world-g20-paris-climate
:• http://www.dw.com/en/g20-usa-abandons-climate-consensus/a-39612962
○
World Leaders Move Forward on Climate, Without U.S.
At the G-20 summit meeting, 19 other members broke decisively with President Trump by signing a policy blueprint for meeting their goals in the Paris accord...
:• https://nyti.ms/2uWoRsi
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Continuing News / Scroll
The US President Attempts to Squelch the Science
White House Science Office Shut Down
EPA’s Scott Pruitt is Trump’s most adept and dangerous hatchet man
Pruitt launching program to 'critique' #climatechange science
: U.S. EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt is leading a formal initiative to challenge mainstream climate science ... The disclosure follows the administration's suggestions over several days that it supports reviewing climate science outside the normal peer-review process used by scientists ... The source said Energy Secretary Rick Perry also favors the review. Executives in the coal industry interpret the move as a step toward challenging the endangerment finding, the agency's legal foundation for regulating greenhouse gases from cars, power plants and other sources ... If Pruitt somehow succeeded in rolling back the finding — an outcome that many Republicans say is far-fetched — the federal government would no longer be required to restrict greenhouse gas emissions.
:: Trump Time: Taking Down the EPA
::○
::Word: No renegotiation for Trump rejectionists
::US G7 Climate 'Footnote' 
::German Environmental Ministry Fact Checks Trump's Abandoning Global Climate Treaty
::Trump’s Pick for DOJ Top Environmental Attorney Has a Vast Anti-Climate Record
::Trump Names BP Oil Spill Lawyer, Climate Policy Foe as Top DOJ Environment Attorney
What About the Facts, the Science, the Future, the Common Good?
DJT: You want facts? Fact is, I'm PRESIDENT. What don't you understand, I am the PRESIDENT, I know the facts. I decide your future.
(Insert tagline Make America Great Again in all CAPS here)
What "Common Good"? There is no "global community".
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The data, atmospheric and earth science continue...
Update via NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies
NEWS | May 15, 2017 | April 2017 was second-warmest April on record
:
AP FACT CHECK: A blast of hot air with Trump's climate move
• https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2017/06/01/fact-checking-president-trumps-claims-on-the-paris-climate-change-deal
• https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2017/6/2/15727984/deceptions-trump-paris-speech
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The consequences start now / June 1
The US will be judged, this day will be long remembered. 
National Security & Global Security are interrelated. He doesn't know this. There's so much he doesn't know & so much he doesn't know that he doesn't know.
Trump just betrayed the world. Now the world will fight back
Brown: The Rest of the World Is Against Trump / Governor Brown Statement on White House Paris Climate Agreement Announcement 
: “This current departure from reality in Washington will be very short-lived, that I promise you,” Brown told POLITICO in an interview. “I’ve spoken with Republicans here in the Legislature, and they’re beginning to get very serious about climate action, so the momentum is all the other way. And I think Trump, paradoxically, is giving climate denial such a bad name that he’s actually building the very movement that he is [purporting] to undermine...”
Eurasian response strategy rolls out, aka US acts to turn the world against the US -- http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/335901-european-chinese-leaders-unite-after-reports-trump-may-withdraw-from
: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/01/world/europe/climate-paris-agreement-trump-china.html
: Premier Li Keqiang of China said on Thursday that his country remained committed to the fight against climate change and to participating in international efforts for a greener world.
: “China will continue to uphold its commitments to the Paris climate agreement,” Mr. Li said, confirming a position his country agreed to alongside the United States in 2014, in what proved to be a watershed moment for the ultimate passage of the landmark accord the following year.
: “Step by step, and very arduously, together with other countries, we will work toward the goals set” by global leaders in 2015, Mr. Li said, standing beside Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany in Berlin.
: Ms. Merkel, who welcomed the Chinese commitment as “encouraging,” has been a leader in the global push for climate action since 1992, when she played a crucial international role in passage of the world’s first climate treaty, the Kyoto Protocol.
US business leaders point at downside -- http://www.nbcnews.com/business/business-news/big-business-urges-trump-stick-paris-climate-accord-n766641 --
http://lowcarbonusa.org/business
“If you have to go to a board of directors and say, ‘I have to make a multibillion-dollar investment that is multi-year,’ are you going to base it on two or four years in the political cycle or … on long-term economic, technological, and consumer trends?” -- Melissa Lavinson / The Atlantic
The GOP must own the consequences.
::○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 
The Future of Humanity, or Crime Against / May 31
:Forward or back? -- https://www.axios.com/scoop-trump-is-pulling-u-s-out-of-paris-climate-deal-2427773025.html
:Backwards looking -- "The 22" -- https://www.axios.com/scoop-top-republican-senators-urge-trump-to-exit-paris-climate-deal-2421530161.html
:A policy direction from the US president that will live up to the challenges or deliver economic, environmental disasters.
::“I’ve always made more money in bad markets than in good markets.” -- DJ Trump, Quoted 05/23/16 - MSNBC 
::https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/05/31/trump-nearing-a-decision-on-whether-to-pull-u-s-from-paris-climate-deal-breaking-ranks-with-more-than-190-countries/
:::• http://www.latimes.com/opinion/editorials/la-ed-trump-paris-climate-change-20170531-story.html
: The Trump administration: A bump on the road.
: Remember that a future president can rejoin the Paris global climate agreement with a 'flick of a pen'.
 
: Musk Says He'll Leave Trump's Business Councils If U.S. Exits Paris Deal. June 1: Musk departs ...
::http://www.vanityfair.com/news/2017/05/donald-trump-paris-agreement
:::https://cleantechnica.com/2017/05/31/breaking-donald-trump-set-pull-america-paris-climate-agreement-probably/
::::https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2017/05/31/the-planet-loses-but-u-s-is-bigger-loser-if-it-withdraws-from-paris-climate-agreement/
: "The noose tightens," Princeton University climate scientist Michael Oppenheimer, co-editor of the peer-reviewed journal Climatic Change, told The Independent. The US withdrawing from the Paris Agreement would only aggravate the climate change problem and make it much more difficult to prevent the crossing of a global temperature to a dangerous threshold. Three billion tonnes of additional carbon dioxide could be released into the air every year...
○
:Little Big Politics / May 30
::http://billmoyers.com/topics/democracy-government/
:::"America’s Little Big Man -- http://billmoyers.com/story/little-big-man/
::::Trump is teaching us how deeply disturbed our American world actually is"
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: https://www.commondreams.org/news/2017/05/07/world-worries-trump-set-dump-paris-climate-deal 
GreenPolicy360
Revisiting the International Climate Change Summit
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Change the EPA Regulations? Public Comment a LOUD NO
Last month, the Environmental Protection Agency put out a call for comments about what regulations are in need of repeal, replacement or modification. The effort stemmed from an executive order issued by President Trump earlier this year instructing agencies to reexamine regulations that “eliminate jobs, or inhibit job creation” and/or “impose costs that exceed benefits.”
More than 55,100 responses rolled in by the time the comment period closed on Monday — but they were full of Americans sharing their experiences of growing up with dirty air and water, and with pleas for the agency not to undo safeguards that could return the country to more a more polluted era.
“Know your history or you’ll be doomed to repeat it,” one person wrote. “Environmental regulations came about for a reason.
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Money Talks: Pruitt Listens
Conservative Group Led By EPA Chief Pruitt Received Dark Money To Battle Environmental Regulations
June 2017 / Via MapLight-Fast Company
:Donors include group affiliated with the Koch brothers, whose companies are now lobbying the EPA and the Trump administration
○
:How Money in Politics Blocks Action on Climate Change
:Climate Science Graphically Explained
:March for Science
:#ClimateMarch 2017
Fighting Back
Trump's Rollback of Environmental Regulations
Opposition Begins in the Courts 
(Via Forbes - April 15, 2017)
No matter who's in office, every major EPA rule ends up in court. It's inevitable. Industry groups and many Republican-run states fought every major EPA rule under President Obama, and Democrat-led states and green groups will do the same with President Trump. This type of partisan litigation has been commonplace since the EPA was created almost fifty years ago.
This time around, however, the environmental groups will have to rely even more heavily on litigation than in the past. That's because, of the three branches of the federal government, the Democrats now only hold a majority of one portion of one branch: the lower courts. The federal district and appellate courts are packed with Clinton and Obama appointees. Although the balance on the U.S. Supreme Court is now likely 5-4 in favor of conservatives, there are 13 intermediate appeals courts; according to Russell Wheeler, a scholar at the Brookings Institution, nine of these appeals courts have a majority of Democratic appointees. The lower federal district courts are also filled with Democratic appointees.
The green groups will almost certainly look to exploit these majorities over the next two years. As David Doniger, Director of the Climate and Clean Air Program at the Natural Resources Defense Council said recently: “Scott Pruitt has to tear down our climate and clean air regulations the same way they were built up, following all the steps required by law. We’ll fight at every step, and we’ll see them in court.”
What’s more, virtually every major environmental statute (like the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act) includes a citizen suit provision. These provisions allow citizens (including environmental groups) to sue the EPA, state agencies, and companies that fail to comply with environmental mandates. Courts can order offenders to comply and even impose hefty penalties. In addition to challenging rules that are made (or more likely, repealed) under a Pruitt-led EPA, expect to see environmental groups filing more citizen suits than usual over the next few years.
:::EPA Chief, Scott Pruitt, Calls for ‘Exit’ from the Paris International Climate Accord
:It is far from clear how the Trump administration could actually “exit” the Paris agreement, assuming that the Pruitt line wins and the administration determines that it wants to. Now that the agreement has entered into force, it takes three years under its terms for a party to withdraw, followed by a one-year waiting period — a length roughly equal to Trump’s first term in office.
:Pruitt says he does not believe carbon dioxide is “a primary contributor to the global warming that we see”, even though NASA and the EPA itself agree it is 
:Pruitt and Carbon Dioxide (Video) 
:Pruitt Plays Fast and Loose with Facts. China, India? He's Not Close to the Facts
:Former NOAA Chief Scientist Warns of Threats to Science
: "There’s a strong antiscience attitude within this administration. I have heard nothing that suggests support for a scientific agenda."
:White House Budget Plan Slams Climate and Environmental Programs
CO2 / 400 PPM, Science Facts and Global Risks
: As Scott Pruitt Denies Climate Science, Atmospheric CO2 Rises At A Record Rate
CO2 / Carbon Clock
 
Latest CO2 Data Reports from Mauna Loa 
https://scripps.ucsd.edu/programs/keelingcurve/
https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/carbon-clock/BLOOMBERG-CARBON-CLOCK-TECHNICAL-WORKING-PAPER.pdf
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Research Report: We are heading for the warmest climate in half a billion years. So what’s the big deal?
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From GreenPolicy friend Andrew Revkin: "The following ProPublica article just scrapes the surface on why there's no easy answer in deciding how much to invest now to limit downside risk to future generations ... there’s probably no more consequential and contentious a target for the incoming administration than an arcane metric called the “social cost of carbon."
Will Trump’s Climate Team Accept Any ‘Social Cost of Carbon’?
:• https://www.propublica.org/article/will-trumps-climate-team-accept-any-social-cost-of-carbon
The nation’s top science panel has just sketched a clearer way to set a fair price today for cutting tomorrow’s climate risks. Some of Trump’s advisers say the price should be zero.
Currently set at $36 per ton of carbon dioxide, the metric is produced using a complex, and contentious, set of models estimating a host of future costs to society related to rising temperatures and seas, then using a longstanding economic tool, a discount rate, to gauge how much it is worth today to limit those harms generations hence. (For context, the United States emitted about 5.1 billion tons of CO2 in 2015, out of a global total of 36 billion.)
... the social cost of carbon underpins justifications for policies dealing with everything from power plants to car mileage to refrigerator efficiency. The carbon valuation has already helped shape 79 regulations.
The strongest sign of a coming challenge to the social cost calculation came in a post-election memorandum from Thomas Pyle, who was then president of the industry-funded American Energy Alliance and Institute for Energy Research and who now leads the Trump transition team for the Department of Energy. In the memo, he predicted policies resulting in “ending the use of the social cost of carbon in federal rule makings.”
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March 30, 2017
March 29, 2017
Chair of House Science Committee Says the Journal ‘Science’ Is Not Objective
March 28, 2017
Trump signs order sweeping away Obama-era climate policies
5:23 PM ET - CNN / Trump dramatically changes US approach to climate change
:• https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/trump-puts-the-planet-on-a-dangerous-path/2017/03/28/fcb3564e-13d6-11e7-833c-503e1f6394c9_story.html
:• http://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/donald-trump-war-climate-underway-article-1.3011887
:• http://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2017/3/28/15097628/sean-spicer-climate-change-hoax-trump
:• http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/us-politics/trump-signs-order-dismantling-obama-era-climate-policies/article34450304/
:• http://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/326188-dem-states-pledge-climate-action-in-face-of-trump-roll-back
:• http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/opinion/editorial/bs-ed-epa-coal-20170328-story.html
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Trump to hire major coal lobbyist to be deputy administrator at EPA
Trump's reported pick, Andrew Wheeler, to help lead the EPA is a former senior staffer of climate change denier Sen. James Inhofe
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Environmental Legal Actions Are Just the Beginning
Youth Climate Lawsuit Shifts Focus to Trump
 "What's likely the highest-stakes climate lawsuit on the planet?" 
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Climate lawsuit to stop Trump administration 'destruction of documents' 
:Shortly after President Trump’s inauguration, the plaintiffs submitted a request that the Department of Justice preserve all documents that could be relevant to the lawsuit, including information on climate change, energy and emissions, and cease any destruction of such documents that may otherwise occur during the presidential transition. The request came just days after reports began to surface of climate information disappearing from White House and certain federal agency websites.
::* How destruction of climate science documents/data sets/online info proceeds even as legal actions move to block the administration's attempt to purge facts and scientific evidence
:“We are concerned with the new administration’s immediate maneuver to remove important climate change information from the public domain and, based on recent media reports, we are concerned about how deep the scrubbing effort will go,”Julia Olson, chief legal counsel for the plaintiffs and executive director of the advocacy group Our Children’s Trust, said in a statement at the time. “Destroying evidence is illegal and we just put these new U.S. Defendants and the Industry Defendants on notice that they are barred from doing so.”
::* Disappearing “Science” from the Core Mission Statement of the EPA Office of Science and Technology
:The Trump administration is combating this request in its motion to stay litigation, along with its motion to appeal. The administration charges that the United States could be “irreparably harmed” if the case’s proceedings are not halted pending consideration of its appeal, claiming that “the extraordinary scope of this litigation and the concomitant scope of discovery that Plaintiffs appear to be seeking set this case apart.”
:“One of the things that the government argues is that the preservation of documents itself represents a burden on the government,” said Michael Burger, executive director of the Sabin Center for Climate Change Law at Columbia Law School. “What they’re arguing is that they’ll be irreparably injured by having to go through discovery here.”
:This, he added, “sends kind of the wrong signal, or at least a very dangerous signal, in terms of what the government’s priorities are or what it’s thinking of doing. It shouldn’t be any kind of burden for the government to preserve documents that are already in existence.”
:But given the broad implications of the case for U.S. climate action, especially if the plaintiffs prevail, “it’s not surprising that the Trump administration would want to quash it,” said Gallagher, the Sierra Club legal director.
:If the case were successful, the federal government would be obligated to take meaningful action against climate change, probably through a planned reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. This type of order would run counter to the current administration’s priorities. On Thursday, Scott Pruitt, the EPA chief, rejected the underlying science of climate change, and the administration has indicated its intent to cancel a number of Obama-era climate and environmental regulations, including the Clean Power Plan, and withdraw from the Paris climate agreement.
::* Activists Rush to Save Government Science Data
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Environmental Protection Agency's New Chief Rejects Core Mission of the EPA
E.P.A. Head Stacks Agency With Climate Change Skeptics
Who needs “science” in an EPA Office of Science and Technology mission statement anyway?
: Who Is Scott Pruitt (Wikipedia)
::Pruitt denies basic climate science - Vox op/ed pdf 
::"It’s not about Pruitt, it’s about the Republican Party.
:::"The GOP’s goal is to block or reverse any policy that would negatively affect its donors and supporters, who are drawn disproportionately from carbon-intensive industries and regions... That means, effectively, blocking any efficacious climate policy (which, almost by definition, will diminish fossil fuels).
::::"Alone among major parties in the developed world, the GOP rejects the need to act on climate change. That’s the outrage. Pruitt is an epiphenomenon."
----
THAW in the Arctic
: https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Arctic
:: Timo Lieber, Arctic Melt Photography
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New US Secretary of State Tillerson and Climate Change
: Arctic Thaws -- US and Russia Prepare for Historic Gas/Oil Development in the North 
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Via Katharine Hayhoe
When you try to replicate climate contrarian papers
Katharine Hayhoe, Professor, Texas Tech, videos
January 2017
Environmental Security, National Security
'Trump is at war with science and knowledge'
-- Via the Los Angeles Times
Nearly every day brings a new report of a federal agency told to shut down communications with the public or even members of Congress; tweets about important topics such as climate change removed from the public record; bans on talking to the press...
Researchers in government and elsewhere are concerned that shutting down outside communications is merely the first step in a campaign to undermine the credibility of established science. As Alex Parker, an astronomer at the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colo., observed in a tweet this week: “Barring public communication from science agencies reduces their visibility, which masks their value, which makes them easier to dismantle.”
Carl Pope: The REINS Act ... a bill which would effectively repeal future standard setting under every important environmental, public health, consumer protection, labor standards, occupational safety and civil rights law on the books.
File:HotAgain.JPG
Former Chief of ExxonMobil Testifies Before US Congress
* President-elect Donald Trump's nominee for secretary of state, Rex Tillerson, said he believes the risks of climate change "could be serious enough that action should be taken,” but he did not elaborate on what that action should be.
Tillerson testified that he formed his views “over about 20 years as an engineer and a scientist, understanding the evolution of the science.” Ultimately, he said, he concluded that increasing greenhouse-gas concentrations in the atmosphere are having an effect on the earth’s climate. But he added, “Our ability to predict that effect is very limited,” and precisely what actions nations should take “seems to be the largest area of debate existing in the public discourse.”
Former General in Charge of US Central Command Appears Before Congress
* Gen. James Mattis Faces Congress -- Next Up, the Global Community
General Mattis' pre-hearing written remarks line up with the ex Exxon chief executive, Rex Tillerson, nominee for Secretary of State. We agree that international alliances must be stressed as strategic goals, but alliances have to be mutual with core values that go beyond theaters of war and continued conflict. The geopolitics of today extend far beyond the interests of the new US administration preparing to take office in opposition to critical international alliances. The recently achieved climate accord is a key element in national/global security. Although the US Department of Defense has instituted policies that acknowledge and take into account the 'threat multiplier' of global climate change, the new administration and allies in Congress have announced efforts to pushback climate cooperation internationally and rollback renewable energy goals. 
The realpolilitik of a multilateral world with energy and climate policies that the new administration opposes is about to play out politically and, in the case of General Mattis, militarily. He will soon face challenges from many of the industrial democracies in opposition to the Trumpian view of the world. 
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A New Year Arrives as New Challenges Arise 
 Trump and the Climate: His Hot Air on Warming Is Far From the Greatest Threat
:(From Andy Revkin, his second article on his new Beat at ProPublica)
:Trump, who has called climate change a hoax, has frightened many with his embrace of fossil fuels. 
:What’s truly scary, scientists and others say, is how much larger the problem is than one American president. 
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December 14th, 2016
Governor Jerry Brown Calls On Scientists to Deliver "Truth Telling"
: The American Geophysical Union meet up in California is the largest Earth and space science meeting in the world
: The AGU promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity 
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On the Election of Donald Trump as US President
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'The List', aka, beginnings of a purge
Trump transition team for Energy Department seeks names of employees involved in climate meetings
* https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/12/09/trump-transition-team-for-energy-department-seeks-names-of-employees-involved-in-climate-meetings/
Trump Team Memo Hints at Big Shake-Up of U.S. Energy Policy
* https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-12-09/trump-team-s-memo-hints-at-broad-shake-up-of-u-s-energy-policy 
Trump team letter sparks 'witch hunt' fears at Energy Department 
* http://www.politico.com/blogs/donald-trump-administration/2016/12/trump-transition-wants-names-of-energy-department-staff-who-worked-on-climate-232424 
Trump team wants 'lists' of Energy Department climate researchers
* http://mashable.com/2016/12/09/trump-energy-department-climate-lists/
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Trump to scrap NASA climate research in crackdown on ‘politicized science’
* NASA’s Earth Science division is set to be stripped of funding... Via The Guardian
* Scientists around the world are worried about a Trump team proposal to ax NASA's 58-year mission to study the Earth
* Under Trump, Will NASA’s Space Science Include Planet Earth?
* Eyes in the sky: Cutting NASA Earth observations would be a costly mistake
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GreenPolicy360 addresses the upcoming Earth Science debate and decisions to be determined in Congress and by the incoming President. 
The consequences -- and legacy -- of this generation's actions, the president-elect's actions, the US Congress actions and its votes, the corporate interests and lobbying will be felt -- and judged -- for decades going forward. 
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Continuing Post-election News 
:Trump elected, Trump administration plans to dismantle environmental policy and protection...
:• http://www.eenews.net/
:• https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/trump-picks-top-climate-skeptic-to-lead-epa-transition/
:• http://www.breitbart.com/london/2016/11/09/trump-left-just-lost-war-climate-change/
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Standing Rock, Water, Oil and Taking a Stand
https://steemit.com/dapl/@thirdeye/the-great-bison-spirit-and-the-dakota-access-pipeline
::Standing Rock Arrival of Wild Buffalo 
:::• https://youtu.be/fetub0FvEwk
Remember and Respect Indigenous Rights
• http://www.yesmagazine.org/how-to-talk-about-standing-rock-20161028
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CANNON BALL, ND - The Standing Rock Sioux Tribe has released a statement regarding law enforcement escalation today at Dakota Access Pipeline protest sites.
The statement below is from Dave Archambault II, Chairman of the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe:
"Militarized law enforcement agencies moved in on water protectors with tanks and riot gear today. We continue to pray for peace. We call on the state of North Dakota to oversee the actions of local law enforcement to, first and foremost, ensure everyone’s safety. The Department of Justice must send overseers immediately to ensure the protection of First Amendment rights and the safety of thousands here at Standing Rock. DOJ can no longer ignore our requests. If harm comes to any who come here to stand in solidarity with us, it is on their watch. They must step in and hold the state of North Dakota and Morton County accountable for their acts of violence against innocent, prayerful people.
The Obama administration has asked DAPL to voluntarily halt construction until the review process has been completed, but DAPL has ignored these repeated requests. By deploying law enforcement to support DAPL construction, the State of North Dakota is collaborating with Energy Transfer Partners and escalating tensions.
We need our state and federal governments to bring justice and peace to our lands, not the force of armored vehicles.
We have repeatedly seen a disproportionate response from law enforcement to water protectors’ nonviolent exercise of their constitutional rights. Today we have witnessed people praying in peace, yet attacked with pepper spray, rubber bullets, sound and concussion cannons. We urge state and federal government agencies to give this tense situation their immediate and close attention.
We also call on the thousands of water protectors who stand in solidarity with us against DAPL to remain in peace and prayer. Any act of violence hurts our cause and is not welcome here. We invite all supporters to join us in prayer that, ultimately, the right decision—the moral decision—is made to protect our people, our sacred places, our land and our resources. We won't step down from this fight. As peoples of this earth, we all need water. This is about our water, our rights, and our dignity as human beings."
 
#StandingRock
=Earth Science 360°=
Countries Climate Action/INDC Plans
::October 4, 2016: EU votes to affirm the #ParisAgreement 
:::The most comprehensive international agreement ever to combat man-made climate change will take effect next month, less than a year after negotiators from more than 190 countries reached international accord.
:::October 5, 2016 / The European Parliament yesterday approved ratification of the Paris climate accord by the European Union (EU). 
:::United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon: "There are two requirements for the Paris Agreement to enter into force. Fifty-five parties to the Agreement, and fifty-five percent of greenhouse gas emissions accounted for... With the action taken by the EU Parliament, we will achieve both thresholds."
:::Step Up the Fight -- Now! / LA Times
GreenPolicy continues listing and updating climate plans and climate plan actions from countries across the globe...
::Follow Nearly 200 Nations as Climate Action Plans (INDCs) Are Announced & Implemented
Earth Day / April 22, 2016 / Signing Climate Action Plans
::Paris Agreement Signatures
::175 Nations Sign on Earth Day
As of January 1, 2016, GreenPolicy has updated 189 country climate plans
::• http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Country
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First Cruise Ship Crossing Ice-Free Arctic Passage
:
Seward - August 17, 2016
Ulukhaktok - August 27, 2016
Arrival in New York City - September 16, 2016
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"A Hoax", Human-Caused Climate Change is a Hoax claims a US Candidate for President, while International Climate Agreements Make History
Donald Trump and the Climate-Change Countdown
September 29 -- Elizabeth Kolbert: Donald Trump, who has very publicly called climate change a “hoax” (despite very publicly denying having done so, in Monday’s debate), has said that he will “rescind” the Clean Power Plan. Hillary Clinton, in contrast, has said that she will carry it out. Whoever is elected will, it seems, have the chance to nominate the deciding Justice to the Supreme Court. This could be seen as yet another reason to be terrified of a Trump victory. Or it could be seen as the reason to be terrified of a Trump victory.
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September 2 -- There they go again, a follow-up monumental agreement between China and the US, although Republican candidate Trump calls climate change a "Chinese hoax". Sure Donald, whatever...
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U.S. and China ratify sweeping climate deal and urge other nations to follow their lead
The swift action is likely to spur other nations to move with more dispatch, both to formalize the deal and to cut emissions, said Jake Schmidt, director of international programs for the NRDC - Natural Resources Defense Council.
“It creates a momentum,” Schmidt said. “If you want to be a good global citizen, you need to act on climate change, and you need to do it now.”
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FYI GreenPolicy readers, no, your Siterunner Steven Schmidt isn't related to Jake Schmidt of NRDC or, for that matter, related to NASA climate scientist Gavin Schmidt, but ... 
"Brother Gavin" from NASA Goddard is on message again here as he reports the data ...
NASA: Earth is warming at a pace 'unprecedented in 1,000 years'
Via The Guardian
August 30, 2016
The planet is warming at a pace not experienced within the past 1,000 years, at least, making it “very unlikely” that the world will stay within a crucial temperature limit agreed by nations just last year, according to Nasa’s top climate scientist.
This year has already seen scorching heat around the world, with the average global temperature peaking at 1.38C above levels experienced in the 19th century, perilously close to the 1.5C limit agreed in the landmark Paris climate accord. July was the warmest month since modern record keeping began in 1880, with each month since October 2015 setting a new high mark for heat.
Nasa said that records of temperature that go back far further, taken via analysis of ice cores and sediments, suggest that the warming of recent decades is out of step with any period over the past millennium.
“In the last 30 years we’ve really moved into exceptional territory,” Gavin Schmidt, director of Nasa’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies, said. “It’s unprecedented in 1,000 years. There’s no period that has the trend seen in the 20th century in terms of the inclination (of temperatures).”
“Maintaining temperatures below the 1.5C guardrail requires significant and very rapid cuts in carbon dioxide emissions or co-ordinated geo-engineering. That is very unlikely. We are not even yet making emissions cuts commensurate with keeping warming below 2C.” 
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More Climate News from GreenPolicy
* Earth Science Research from Space
* Earth and Space, Politics
* Earth Right Now
US House Science Committee Acts to Defend ExxonMobile Against Attorneys General
:Exxon Investigation Proceeds Despite Committee Action
US House Committee Grills EPA
Rep. Bill Johnson (R-OH) notably called the EPA rules “un-American” during a July 6th hearing of the Energy and Power subcommittee held to review the EPA’s regulations, especially regarding coal-generated power.
“I think it’s absurd, I think it’s irresponsible. Quite frankly, Ms. McCabe, I think it’s un-American.” 
“It's like a dad-gum permission slip to do business in America... doesn't produce a product, doesn't pay a salary, it doesn't go to any company's bottom line. It's like going to the movie theater and buying a ticket but you don't get the popcorn or the diet Coke, you gotta pay extra to get that stuff, and the projector doesn't work. It's a ripoff!”
:
 
Just Another Hot Air Day
June 2016
Republicans in US Congress Vote to Block National & Global Security
:Attempt to Defund and Block Defense Dept. Studies and Work Related to Impacts of Climate Change
:Democratic Party environmental positions voted into platform, Sanders endorses 'most progressive' platform 
Thirty-One Top Scientific Societies Speak with One Voice on Global Climate Change
May 26 / Trump v the World of Science: US Republican Presidential Candidate Announces His Energy Policy 
:'Presumptive Nominee' Says Cancel the Paris agreement, More fossil fuels, Less Clean/Renewable Energy
U.S. Presidential Campaign: Environmental Threats
Trump v the World: Announces his Energy policy 
:Republican presidential candidate -- Cancel the Paris agreement, More fossil fuels, Less Clean/Renewable Energy 
:In a speech laying out his energy agenda for the United States, Trump promised to undo essentially every major policy developed in last decade intended to slow human-caused global warming. 
Trump declares he doesn't believe the science, says he believes climate change a hoax and that climate change is "BS" 
:Trump tweet: This very expensive GLOBAL WARMING bullshit has got to stop. 'Environmentalists are the problem', acc to the Republican candidate for president 
:Our planet is freezing, record low temps,and our GW scientists are stuck in ice
:Clinton on Climate Change -- Campaign
:Sanders Climate Plan -- Campaign
May 31, Stephen Hawking interviewed by ITV on science, global threats and... the US presidential election:
Stephen Hawking / ITV: The world-famous theorist has made no secret of his disdain for the likely Republican Party presidential nominee. But asked if his knowledge of the universe meant he could explain the popular appeal of the billionaire tycoon, he told ITV's Good Morning Britain: "I can't. He is a demagogue, who seems to appeal to the lowest common denominator". In the same interview, Hawking also said he didn’t believe Trump was the greatest threat facing America, or even the world. The greatest threat, he said, is human-caused climate change.
“A more immediate danger is runaway climate change,” Hawking said. "Runaway climate change... A rise in ocean temperature would melt the ice-caps, and cause a release of large amounts of carbon dioxide from the ocean floor." "We are changing our climate for the worse. That would have catastrophic effects." 
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May 20, Another scholar speaks out, Noam Chomsky addresses the US presidential election: ... "(W)e haven’t even talked about the worst problems: the economic problems are bad enough, as are the social problems, but far worse than these are the major threats to the survival of the human species – the threat of nuclear war and environmental catastrophe. Here, if you look at the US primaries, you have to be impressed and appalled by the utter irrationality of the species. Here are two enormous problems that have to be faced right now, and they are almost absent from the primaries." And Trump? "(T)here are some pretty stable elements of his ideology, if you can even grant him that concept. One of them is: “Climate change is not taking place.” As he puts it: “Forget it.” And that’s almost a death knell for the species – not tomorrow, but the decisions we take now are going to affect things in a couple of decades, and in a couple of generations it could be catastrophic."
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Anthropogenic Global Warming #AGW / http://climate.nasa.gov/scientific-consensus/
: Catastrophic Anthropogenic Global Warming #CAGW / https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runaway_climate_change 
:
“Another month, another record. The extraordinary heat that was recorded in 2015 pales by comparison to 2016.”
*Earth Gets Hotter, Much Hotter
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:
Youth Climate Advocates Secure Victory in Massachusetts Climate Change Lawsuit
:Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts rules that state must impose comprehensive cuts in greenhouse gas emissions 
:Must comply with the 'Global Warming Solutions Act' 
:Youth Climate Lawsuit Moves Forward in Massachusetts Climate Change Lawsuit.
See Related Lawsuit Update: March 2017
 
Youth Climate Lawsuit Shifts Focus to Trump
It's Donald Trump vs. 21 young people armed with global consensus on climate change
 
What's likely the highest-stakes climate lawsuit on the planet
Earlier this month, not long after the plaintiffs' lawyers replaced President Obama with Trump in the suit, the administration filed a request for interlocutory appeal – a rare request since appeals are usually filed after a trial judgment, not before. Trump's lawyers also objected to a letter sent to federal agencies demanding that they preserve climate data and emails between the administration and the fossil-fuel industry that might prove the government has known since the 1960s about the dangers to public health posed by fossil fuels.
Lawyers for Trump are responding quickly and aggressively to a case that will embarrass and interfere with the administration's efforts to roll back environmental regulations and kneecap the EPA...
Global Warming:Higher Global Temperatures 
*GIF / Graphic 1850-2016
 link=http://www.greenpolicy360.net/mw/images/Global_Warming_gif_1850-2016.gif
April 22 -- Earth Day: Countries Signing the Paris Agreement at the UN
* http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:Earth_day_2016.jpg
The R's on the Science Com't act -- by surveilling scientists 
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4QK5Kp2uM1E&feature=youtu.be
* Earth Day Climate Summit Signing 
: 130 countries have committed to sign the Paris climate change deal during a kickoff ceremony on April 22, Earth Day
: 175 Nations Sign on Earth Day
:link=http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/World_Bank_Group_-_Climate_Change_Action_Plan
April 2016
Fracking etc, one day in the life of the US energy mix 'n mash
March 2016
:Great Barrier Reef bleaching may be 'last wake-up call', marine scientists say
Coral as a canary, a sentinel species 
:Coral reefs in peril as ocean environment is transformed 
:NYT: Climate-Related Death of Coral Around World Alarms Scientists
:Great Barrier Reef: Half of natural wonder is ‘dead or dying’ and it is on the brink of extinction, scientists say
Underwater Heat Wave Devastates Great Barrier Reef
Hardest-hit area includes some of Australia’s most remote and pristine coral
:March 29, 2016
CANBERRA, Australia — An underwater heat wave is devastating huge swaths of Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, marine researchers have found.
A Nightmare is Unfolding in the Great Barrier Reef 
Extensive bleaching has been caused by higher ocean temperatures
To prevent further damage, governments should commit to lowering emissions, an Australian team says
A Wake-Up Call 
"This has been the saddest research trip of my life," James Cook University professor Terry Hughes, the convener of the National Coral Bleaching Taskforce, said in a press release after the team aerially surveyed almost 2,500 miles of the northern Australia reefs.
Coral bleaching is a modern phenomenon, marine scientists say; Over the past 400 years, there's no evidence of bleaching events until the late 20th century. Changing environmental factors like rising sea temperatures can cause the coral to expel their photosynthetic algae, called zooxanthellae, making many turn stark white. Others remain vivid, but have lost the green and brown hues that signal health. Without the symbiotic algae to process sunlight into oxygen and other nutrients, the coral dies.
Sydney, Australia - The Worst Bleaching Event
Great Barrier Reef in Danger
"What we're seeing now is unequivocally to do with climate change," Prof Justin Martin Univ of Queensland tells the ABC
Visit Latest Ocean Science at www.TinyBlueGreen.com
 
Australia's Great Barrier Reef hit by severe bleaching - Video
 link=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6oRWAL0aR4
March 2016
Truthout 
Anthropogenic Climate Disruption: The Debate, Updates, and the Money Behind Much of the Debate
"Apparently, impending catastrophe doesn't mean much to some of the United States' wealthiest people. Once again a report has arisen documenting how fossil fuel millionaires pumped more than $100 million into Republican presidential super PACs last year. That means that $1 out of every $3 donated to Republican candidates coming from hyper-rich individuals came from people who made their fortunes from fossil fuels. In boosting GOP politicians, these funders were simply acting to protect their cash cows from those of us who happen to give a damn about the planet.
"A recent report by the Center for American Progress Action Fund shows that more than six out of every 10 Americans are represented by someone in Congress who denies the reality of ACD. According to the report, 59 percent of the Republican House caucus and an amazing 70 percent of the Republicans in the Senate deny ACD is real. The report also reveals that, according to the US Census, 202,803,591 Americans are represented by an ACD denier."
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Threat Environment
ExxonMobil Under Investigation
:"Private Empire: ExxonMobil and American Power"
:NYT: "ExxonMobil: A Well-Oiled Machine"
:Guardian: "Thorough and accessible portrait of a secretive corporation is fascinating and deeply disturbing"
:NY's State Attorney and Calif's AG Go After ExxonMobil 
:ExxonMobil Bkrd 
:Exxon, the Road Not Taken 
:FBI Probe, More AGs Support Investigation of ExxonMobil
:Money-in-Politics: Giants of the oil and gas industry spend millions in 2015 to manipulate lawmakers and public discourse on climate change
 link=http://www.greenpolicy360.net/mw/images/Oil-Gas_Lobby_Spend_Report_2015.pdf
Oil Change International ... "Exposing the true costs of fossil fuels"
ExxonMobil predicts "long-term demand growth" and profits in investor report
~
Bloomberg: Big Oil's Climate Obstruction Efforts
~
Wall Street Journal Editorial Board Meltsdown with Bizarre Accusation: Like Cromwell Did Catholics?
:U.S. Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse, Rhode Island Democrat who is the Senate's leading voice on climate change, is locked in a bitter brawl with the Wall Street Journal editorial page over his proposal to sue fossil fuel companies for fraud
March 15th: Not Good News
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The Presidential campaign comes to the 'Sunshine State'
Sunshine state pol updates -- Some environmental Carl Hiaasen riffing on Florida's Gov Scott, and an e-bit of Clinton & Sanders from today's Miami Herald & TampaBay Times.
Clinton "mocked the Scott administration's directive to state employees not to use the words "climate change" and pledged to support renewable energy in Florida."
"Of Scott's order to state employees, she said: "I found this one hard to believe. I mean, you've just got to shake your head at that."
"When Republicans say they can't talk about climate change because they're not scientists, Clinston said, there's a cure for that: "Go talk to a scientist."
Sanders "also criticized Republicans for their obstinance on climate change, which he said is holding Florida back from becoming a leader in renewable energy."
"The state of Florida has an extraordinary natural resource: its called sunlight," Sanders said, "and this state should be a leader in the world in producing solar energy."
And from Florida, an Editorial re: political moves in the 'Sunshine State'... misnaming a constitutional amendment that would, in effect, *prevent sunshine/solar energy* from competing w/ the fossil fuel industry. The issue is now before the Court. Ivan Penn formerly w/ the St Pete Times, now w/ the LA Times, wrote extensively about energy issues in Florida. What a long-running story it is. Today's Tampa Bay Times Editorial speaks of the latest chapter of public good v energy industry-lobbying power... 
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 http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Energy_Storage_-_Batteries_and_Grid
Energy Innovation:
Shift Away from Fossil Fuels to Renewables
Our Generational Challenge: Transformative Eco-nomics
NextGen Batteries, Grid-Scale Storage, Metering & Efficiencies
:Elon Musk & Tesla
:Elon's thinking, a planet citizen's thinking:
:From GrnPolicy: Elon Musk spoke of how the iconic whole earth "Blue Marble" photo of Earth had inspired him to dream and to move his technology plans toward a space & earth connection... 
:Elon speaks of the danger to Earth's atmosphere, our planet's 'thin blue layer': "We’re running the most dangerous experiment in history right now, which is to see how much carbon dioxide the atmosphere can handle before there is an environmental catastrophe.”
:"The greater the change to the chemical composition of the physical, chemical makeup of the oceans and atmosphere [due to increased carbon emissions], the greater the long-term effect will be... [W]hy would you run this crazy experiment to see how bad it'll be? We know it's at least some bad, and the overwhelming scientific consensus is that it'll be 'really bad'." 
:"As far as Earth is concerned, I think the biggest problem that humanity faces is one of sustainable energy. If we don’t solve that problem this century, independent of any environmental concerns, we will face economic collapse… This is obvious."
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Obvious security threats that go un-acknowledged...
None of the Republican Candidates for US President Support Action Against Climate Change
What Problems, We See No Problems
:Environmental Scorecard: Cruz and Rubio voted against every green bill, 
:and opposed every pro-environment, anti-pollution piece of legislation
Trump has taken things further, even as he declares his concern over nuclear weapons
:Trump "Not a Big Believer" in Climate Change
:'BS'?
:Trump tweet: This very expensive GLOBAL WARMING bullshit has got to stop. 
:Our planet is freezing, record low temps,and our GW scientists are stuck in ice
:More from DeSmog/Desmog Blog
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Florida's Senator, Marco Rubio, campaigns for president denying human activity's connection to climate change. Yet his home state feels the impacts even as the Senator and most of Republican leadership in the State looks away: “Florida is ground zero for sea level effects in the United States, and the debate here still seems to be whether this is happening – not what to do to prepare for it,” said Jay Famiglietti, a senior water scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “Given our current rates of rise, we can expect some rather severe consequences, and I’m not sure we’re ready to deal with the consequences of what’s going on.” 
Read more about Florida and climate change here
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February 2016
Breaking News/Feb. 14: The sudden death of US Supreme Court Judge Antonin Scalia sets up "an evenly divided bench", as commentators report on Feb. 13th on the news of the Justice's death in Texas. This change in the Court has wide-ranging consequence, including the Court's critically important vote on President Obama’s most ambitious effort to fight climate change, the Clean Power Plan. The Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit now has to finish hearing the case and rule before the Supreme Court takes up the climate plan again. The Court now will be divided and visibly a "deadlocked" judiciary until a new Supreme Court justice is appointed and confirmed.
The Supreme Court's Feb. 9th Stay Order to halt implementation of the President's Clean Power Plan, a large part of the US climate plan put forward at the international climate summit in Paris in December, came on what was described as an "unprecedented" decision by the Court on a 5-4 vote. Without Scalia's vote on environmental issues, the Court's reach will be limited to block Presidential powers addressing environmental and climate issues. The balance of power has shifted. On climate and energy policy, and many upcoming important and historic cases before the Court, the future decisions of the Court are more than ever in question. The presidential campaign has much more at stake now impacting the future of the country -- and planet. The next Supreme Court justice will, no doubt, be a swing vote with real power. 
:Next Supreme Court Justice Will Be Crucial to US Climate Policy
:Supreme Court’s Action Threatens Vital Climate Policies
:The US Supreme Court order blocking President Obama’s plan to cut emissions from coal-burning power plants is an unprecedented step and one of the most environmentally harmful decisions ever made by the nation’s highest court 
:Consequences if the US Quits Climate Agreement
US Supreme Court Deals Blow to Obama’s Efforts to Regulate Coal Emissions
WASHINGTON — NYT/Feb 9, 2016 — In a major setback for President Obama’s climate change agenda, the Supreme Court on Tuesday temporarily blocked the administration’s effort to combat global warming by regulating emissions from coal-fired power plants.
A stunning development,” Jody Freeman, a Harvard law professor and former environmental legal counsel to the Obama administration, said in an email. She added that “the order certainly indicates a high degree of initial judicial skepticism from five justices on the court,” and that the ruling would raise serious questions from nations that signed on to the landmark Paris climate change pact in December."
Related Coverage of Supreme Court Climate Vote
* Court Puts Climate Change Rules on Hold
* Five Republican members of the Supreme Court hand down unexpected orders Tuesday, halting environmental regulations
* The Supreme Court could block Obama’s climate plans — but it can’t stop clean energy
* Supreme Shock: Has US court holed Paris Climate deal?
'Washington DC and World Around DC'
January 2016 Was the Most Abnormally Warm Month Ever Recorded, NASA Says
:NASA's analysis found this was the largest monthly warm temperature anomaly in their database dating to 1880
2015: Hottest in modern times 
:Not new news, it's hotter -- NASA Data
It's Hot: Is It Deniable? Ask the US Congress 
:Man-made heat put in oceans has doubled since 1997, study finds
: The Oceans: This is where 90% of global warming is going 
: Ocean heat study @ Nature Climate Change Journal 
: Hot and hotter, earth science data reports
Predictions: Climate change to speed up
 
:Climate scientists say human impacts are adding up faster than reported... 
:Business-as-usual forces argue "not to worry", that the consensus of science is wrong...
:Looking back & looking forward... what if's / Asks: "Is a Sleeping Giant Stirring in the Arctic?"
"Watch 25 years of Arctic Sea Ice disappear"
 link=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fw7GfNR5PLA
Action Agenda
Via Climate Reality Project
:FOLLOW THE LEADER: HOW 11 COUNTRIES ARE SHIFTING TO RENEWABLE ENERGY
SWEDEN / COSTA RICA / NICARAGUA / SCOTLAND / GERMANY / URUGUAY / DENMARK / CHINA (Wondering how the world's largest carbon emitter can also be a leader in renewable energy? It may seem counter-intuitive, but in 2014 China had the most installed wind energy capacity – by a longshot – and the second-highest installed solar PV capacity) / MOROCCO / UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (In the US, a new solar energy system was installed every two minutes and 30 seconds in 2014, earning the US fifth place on the installed solar PV capacity global rankings. America also has the second-highest installed wind energy capacity in the world (after China). Unfortunately, the energy demand in the States far outpaces the renewable capacity) / KENYA (geo-thermal)
○
Snapshot — January 2016
The sands of time shift and the hydrocarbon era begins to fade
○
2016: Reddit AMA: Science-Sea Level Rise
Update: Jason-3 in Orbit - http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/jason-3-launches-to-monitor-global-sea-level-rise
https://blogs.nasa.gov/Jason-3/
Jason-3 Mission -- Jason-3 to launch Jan 17, 2016
Earth science/measurements provide critical information about ocean circulation patterns and about both global and regional changes in sea level and the climate implications of a warming world
For over 20 years, the Jason series of satellites (and their predecessor TOPEX/Poseidon), have helped to track global sea level rise, one of the main symptoms of climate change, and other climate phenomena such as El Niño. Data from Jason-3 will be added to this record and will be vital in helping to improve climate prediction models
○
US Congress attempts to deny the security threat
Feb 3, 2016 / House Science Com't Meets Again: Focus on why we shouldn’t do anything about climate change
Looking back at 2015, Green Progress and GOP Buffoonery
:Washington Post editorial, January 3, 2016
15 Ridiculous Things Far Out Media Said About Climate Change In 2015
: Media Matters, End of Year wrap up
US House Science Com't Chair Climate/Security Disaster
Obama Vetoes GOP Attempt to Kill Climate Rules 
Going Global Renewables Is the Challenge 
The Adoption of the Paris Agreement; the final draft
Ban Ki-moon, the United Nations secretary general, said the talks were the most complicated and difficult negotiations he had ever been involved in.
“I have been attending many difficult multilateral negotiations, but by any standard, this negotiation is most complicated, most difficult, but most important for humanity...”
Paris Climate Summit: Moments
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"Let's Get to Work": President Obama's Climate Speech in Paris
Visit GreenPolicy's International List of National Climate Plans
Update of INDC plans by GreenPolicy360 as of Jan 1, 2016 
Climate Action Plans
Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs)
Submitted INDC Plans
INDC portal -- http://unfccc.int/focus/indc_portal/items/8766.php
Quoted re: the Paris Climate Summit
:Union of Concerned Scientists: "It's very important that we not lock into place the initial offers (INDCs) that countries have put on the table... We need to have, by the end of this decade, an initial review of where we are at and what more can be done to lift ambition... and countries need to be prepared to review and revise upward their initial offers."''
:''NY Times Editorial Board: "So far, more than 170 countries, accounting for over 90 percent of global greenhouse emissions, have submitted pledges, and more may emerge in Paris. Will these pledges be enough to ward off the worst consequences of global warming? No."
:The Paris Agreement: Unresolved Questions
December 2015
*NASA Earth Sciences 2016 Budget No Longer Cut $500 Million
Final budget bill provides $1.92 billion for Earth Science research
The final budget bill provides $1.92 billion for Earth Science research, just $20 million less than the President's original budget request. The cut is slight compared to initial GOP budget cuts proposed in the House and Senate which had slashed as much as $500 million from the President's request.
NASA administrator Charles Bolden argued before Congress this summer and fall that it was critical to increase the size of NASA's Earth Science programs.
Under the newly passed Fiscal Year 2016 NASA Budget, virtually all of the agency’s programs benefit with either full or added funding. -- http://www.universetoday.com/123937/nasa-receives-significant-budget-boost-fiscal-year-2016
Congress Committee Cuts Earth Science research
Committee Chair Smith/R-TX After Hearing on NASA/NOAA Budget
○
U.S. Congress/Science Committee News (Not Good News)
Via Vox -- U.S. House Science Committee Talks Conspiracy and Subpoenas
Earth Science Politics
:From a bully pulpit, Ted Cruz offers his take on climate change / Dec 9 
:Cruz 'cherry-picks' from the climate record; Texas oil Senator's debate strategy
:Cruz: I learned to debate in college and I'm right
:Letter to Science Committee re: integrity / Nov 24
:More from American science organizations
:Science Orgs respond to attacks by Science Committee 
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Opposition Clips
December
Via New Republic/Dec 15 -- What Climate Agreement? GOP Candidates Ignore the International Agreement
Via NY Times/Dec 4 -- Republicans' Climate Change Denial Denial
:Krugman: Future historians will almost surely say that the most important thing happening in the world during December 2015 was the climate talks in Paris. True, nothing agreed to in Paris will be enough, by itself, to solve the problem of global warming. But the talks could mark a turning point, the beginning of the kind of international action needed to avert catastrophe....
:I’d urge everyone outside the climate-denial bubble to frankly acknowledge the awesome, terrifying reality. We’re looking at a [Republican] party that has turned its back on science at a time when doing so puts the very future of civilization at risk. That’s the truth, and it needs to be faced head-on.
GreenPolicy360: Time to Pressure Congress: Environmental Security Delivers National Security
Via New Yorker/Dec 4 -- Congress Moves to Sabotage the Paris Climate Summit
Via Mother Jones/Dec 4 -- Chris Christie: "Hell No," America Shouldn't Lead on Climate Change
Via CommonDreams-PR Watch/Dec 3 -- Corporate Lobby Group ALEC Works to Scuttle Global Climate Agreement
Via Bloomberg Politics/Dec 2 -- Obama's Climate Plans to Survive Republican Foes
Via Think Progress/Dec 2 -- House votes to kill clean power plan
Via Bloomberg Business/Dec 1 -- "Unearthing America's Deep Network of Climate Change Deniers": 
:"New study attempts the first tally of those driving the peculiarly American strain of climate change denial" 
November
Via Climate Progress -- U.S. Senate Republicans Say 'No' to Paris Climate Accord
Via The Atlantic -- Republican Attempt to Derail the Paris Climate Talks
Via Politico -- "Republicans seek to strangle Paris climate pact" 
Via Washington Post -- "Amid record global temperatures, Senate votes to block Obama’s Clean Power Plan"
Important: Legal forms for Paris climate agreement
March and demonstrations in Paris will go on
:2000+ Climate Events/Locations #ClimateMarch
Paris Climate Mtgs, Opening Nov 30 - Information Hub 
:Climate Meetings-Schedule
U.S. Congress/Science Committee News (Not Good News)
Environmental Security
:Syria, War, Climate Connection
On Point
What critics of the Keystone campaign misunderstand / Vox
Nov 6, 2015
"Win for Greens" / "No to Keystone, Yes to the Planet"
Goodbye Keystone XL: President Obama/US State Dept Reject Pipeline
It's Your Breathing Planet
Join In, Act, Follow, Be Out in Front 
UN / Climate Plans "Synthesis Report"
:#climateaction
:#COP21 
:#INDCs 
:#climatechange 
 
Christiana Figueres @CFigueres
:Executive Secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change 
:Figueres - REDDIT AMA -- Oct 28
#ADP2
UN Climate Action @UNFCCC 
:Oct. 19, 2015
:Opening plenary of the latest @UN climate negotiations kicks off today in Bonn 
:http://bit.ly/1OObz76 #ADP2
Christiana Figueres (@CFigueres)
:Opening plenary of resumed #ADP2 session starts. Last few steps toward Paris. Focus! 
:pic.twitter.com/A63Cyfds2N
Climate Plans/INDCs in Preparation for December UNFCCC Conference in Paris
 link=http://insideclimatenews.org/news/05102015/climate-treaty-forecast-cloudy-chance-disaster-united-nations-pledge-global-warming
Intended Nationally Determined Contributions
Progress Reports on Climate Action Plans (INDCs) as Submitted to the UN
#INDC / INDCs defined at Wikipedia
Conference of Parties 21, UN Climate Change Conference 
Pope pushes world leaders at UN to protect environment
Pope Francis called on world leaders gathered at the United Nations in New York on Sept. 25th to take firm action on the environment, blaming a "selfish and boundless thirst for power and material" for its destruction.
"We human beings are part of the environment," Francis said. "We live in communion with it, since the environment itself entails ethical limits which human activity must acknowledge and respect. ... Any harm done to the environment, therefore, is harm done to humanity."
Pope Francis again ​made history a day after his address to a joint session of Congress, delivering a speech before the largest-ever gathering of world leaders at the United Nations​.
​
In his address to the General Assembly, the popular ​"people’s ​pope​"​ critiqued the current “culture of waste” and urged government leaders to do more to combat poverty and address environmental abuses. Climate change, he reiterated, could “threaten the very existence of the human species.”
File:Star Solar Renewable Power.JPG
I am OCO-2 -- reporting home Climate deniers blame global warming on nature. This NASA data begs to differ 
More from OCO-2 -- https://youtu.be/8YsoVWxR9-w
; Climate News...
; NASA Missions / Earth Right Now
: Jason 3
:: Jason-3 Launches to Monitor Global Sea Level Rise
:: Jason-3 Launched: January 2016
: GPM - Next-generation measurements of global snow and rain 
: OCO-2 - Measuring atmospheric carbon dioxide
: OCO-2 / (TW)
: ISS - Rapidscat - Monitoring ocean winds
: CATS - Observing pollution, dust and smoke in the atmosphere
: SMAP - Studying soil moisture
https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/ --- https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/projects-supported
The Atmospheric Science Data Center (ASDC) at NASA Langley Research Center responsible for processing, archiving, and distribution of NASA Earth science data
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: 
Eurasian futures... https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Eurasia
News Highlights --- 2015
California out in front modeling and sharing green best practices
http://www.bioneers.org/bioneers-e-book-california-climate-leadership/
* California 'Out in Front of a Green Future'
* Obama Releases 'Clean Power Plan'
Time for a Global Apollo Initiative
Global Apollo Program, a 10 year project to make renewable energy cheaper than fossil fuels through internationally coordinated and publicly funded research into renewable energy technology...
Watching Game-Changing Players Like Elon Musk
:TED2013 - The mind behind Tesla, SpaceX, SolarCity...
:SpaceX Joins NASA Earth Science Launch Program
:New Space, Earth Science 
 
Jason-2 and Jason-3
Update January 2016:
Jason-3 Mission -- Jason-3 -- Launched Jan 17, 2016
Ocean circulation patterns, global and regional changes in sea level, and climate implications of a warming world
What's up with sea level rise?
In a series of media opportunities through Aug. 28, NASA experts present up-to-date global outlook on current conditions and future projections of sea level rise 
Why NASA’s worried that Greenland’s melting could speed up
@EarthVitalSigns #EarthRightNow InsideClimate News (TW)
······································································································
; Planet Citizens
; Planet Citizen
; Planet Citizens, Planet Scientists
; EarthPOV
; Earth360°, the 'Big Picture
; #HelloEarth
; Earth Right Now
; Earth Science, Vital Signs
; From the Vantage Point of Space
; "Thin Blue", the Thin Layer of Protective Atmosphere 
:Our Life-Supporting Earth Atmosphere
:* "Thin Blue" / www.thinbluelayer.com
 
; Environmental Security ↔ National Security
; New Definitions of National Security
::
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; Earth Science from Space, Politics
Earth and Space, Politics 2015
Environmental Security, the Challenge and the Missions
Earth Observing Science, NASA Space Fleet, as of 2015
Earth Observing NASA Space Fleet, as of 2014
; Carbon Brief's Infographic of Earth Climate Science Satellites
Satellites in operation (2016) adding to scientists’ understanding of climate change
* http://www.carbonbrief.org/interactive-satellites-used-monitor-climate-change
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References - Climate News
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CD2X2UsUUAANuYf.jpg
Climate Change News / @ GreenLinks
GreenPolicy Trending News
350.org Dispatches & Climate Science News
Berkeley Earth Science News
BusinessGreen / UK - Blogs 
 E&E ClimateWire / Climate Digest 
GreenAllianceUK (TW) 
Guardian Environment / UK 
Inside Climate News 
: Inside Climate (TW) 
New York Times 'Dot Earth' 
 Revkin List / Green Blog Voices 
The Conversation / Climate-Environment 
United Nations/UNFCCC Climate Change Negotiations and Related News 
UN Climate Change Newsroom
Yale Climate Connections
Carbon Dioxide Facts
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 
::Follow GreenPolicy's Climate Science/News 
::Daily/Weekly / Install Feedly as a News Aggregator
::https://feedly.com/i/welcome
::Earth Right Now
::http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Earth_Right_Now
::Earth Science from Space Earth Science from Space
::February 2015 - http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=4487
::Over the past 12 months NASA has added five missions to its orbiting Earth-observing fleet 
:::- the biggest one-year increase in more than a decade....
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Green Policy Archive: Looking Back, Looking Forward
Earth Observations/Climate News Archive
:How Thin Our Atmosphere
:Earth & Space Politics
:"New Definitions of National Security"
:Environmental Movement
:Paris Agreement, Climate Plans
:Planet Citizens, Planet Scientists
Back to the Beginnings of the Modern Era of Science on Global Warming/Climate Change
Climate and Environmental Leader, George Brown, the Congressman who authored the first US climate legislation
:George E. Brown, East Lost Angeles, a visionary leader who cared
:: Congressional Speech, 1969, 'Can Our Environment Be Saved?' 
○
Ethics and Climate Change
:Climate Action: An Ethical Responsibility
:Eco-ethics,/big>]
::
 
:: Environmental Studies Online
 
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