nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Patsystems Risk Alert

Risk Alert is Patsystems’ pre-trade risk management tool. Risk Alert aims to do the following: 
* Deliver a consistent, comprehensive, trading platform-independent, pre-trade risk management procedure, covering volume limits, loss limits and cash margin analysis; 
* Low latency risk controls on a portfolio basis across multiple asset classes including CFDs, Cash FX, Cash Equities and Cash Bonds. Receive an order and return a decision in just 1 - 2 milliseconds; 
* Seamless integration with existing technology and with standard message formats, such as FIX; 
* Enhance a client's service offering, by supplying tools to monitor and manage risk behavior consistently across all trading platforms; 
* Support for real-time cash margin adjustments, based on post-trade cash margining through Patsystems Risk Informer system. 
Cash margin limits are defined exclusively on an account-specific basis. In turn, alert thresholds can be defined in terms of the amount of cash consumed. This
means that, for example, maintenance margin requirements can be specified in terms of a threshold on cash consumption, with alerts generated whenever the
threshold is reached.
Trader-specific limits are defined in terms of clip limits i.e. maximum order size. This limit can be applied on either a generic basis, across all orders, or can be
made specific by specifiying an instrument group for the limit. 
== References ==
Category:Patsystems
Patsystems Risk Informer

Risk Informer is a program offered by the ISV Patsystems Plc. It lets risk managers at professional trading firms control and view the firm's risk exposure. Managers can set parameters for what traders can do, limiting the amount of money and the types of products they can trade, for example. Limits be set for such categories as: exchange, product, sector, or a combination of attributes. 
The program gives risk managers a real-time view of the firm's exposure across all trading activities and enables the risk manager to calculate margin requirements for exchange-traded derivatives using standard margin methodologies including SPAN and TIMS. It can aggregate trades and recalculate margin requirements and other risk metrics. It lets the manager set and manage alerts, and then view a complete view of positions and trades for the day.
Risk managers can also run scenarios involving theoretical trades to assess the impact on client and firm margin requirements in real time.
Risk Informer can be used as a stand-alone product even for firms that use a front-end not provided by Patsystems.
== Case Study ==
Calyon Financial, now Newedge, implemented Risk Informer and Patsystems wrote a case study about this installation.
== References ==
Category:Patsystems
Category:Risk Management Systems
Patsystems SyOMS

==Synthetic Order Management System (SyOMS)==
Patsystems supports synthetic order types through its Synthetic Order Management System (SyOMS). 
SyOMS is designed to manage synthetic stops and timed orders for exchanges that do not support these Stop or Time Triggered order types. SyOMS supports Iceberg and Ghost orders via Pro-Mark. SyOMS also supports Bracket orders via both J-Trader and Pro-Mark. These orders are held on SyOMS and the SyOMS equivalent order type is sent to the exchange when triggered.
SyOMS Pro is configured to support more complex order types including Time-sliced orders, "With a tick" orders, and "Order Cancels Order" Limit Stops. 
== References ==
http://www.patsystems.com/content.asp?menuid=25&submenuid=88&pageid=88&menuname=Synthetic+Order+Types&menu=sub
Category:Patsystems
Category:Order Management Systems
Patsystems X-link

X-link is a software product offered by the ISV Patsystems Plc that allows customers to trade on remote exchanges without becoming a member. It is not a fixed network; rather it bridges separate Patsystems trading domains and systems, for example letting a customer trade on a Chicago system and a London system at the same time. 
All a customer needs is to have an account with an FCM or the bank at a remote exchange in order to "cross link" to the exchange through them. For example, if a trader has an account with Calyon but can only access IDEM through Borse Italiana, Calyon and Borse Italiana can work out an agreement so the trader need not switch his or her account. 
== Configuration and Feature Set ==
X-link can be used for internal routing between two Patsystems installation sites, providing connectivity for multi-site companies like global exchanges. It can also be used to route to another Patsystems customer, to take advantage of exchange connectivity without taking exchange membership. The software provides flexibility for users to select clearing and order routing pathways.
The X-Link software runs on a local order routing engine. Once a physical connection is established, the X-Link application is loaded onto the order routing engine at the sending company, and an omnibus account with standard risk management parameters is created at the receiving company. When contracts have been configured at the sending company, orders can be sent to the receiving company through the X-Link connection.
It can run across a LAN, WAN, leased line or the internet. It offers pre-trade risk management, speed of access and straight-through processing.
== References ==
Category:Patsystems
Patsystems XLink

XLink is a software product offered by the ISV Patsystems Plc that allows customers to trade on remote exchanges without becoming a member. It is not a fixed network; rather it bridges separate Patsystems trading domains and systems, for example letting a customer trade on a Chicago system and a London system at the same time. 
All a customer needs is to have an account with an FCM or the bank at a remote exchange in order to "cross link" to the exchange through them. For example, if a trader has an account with Calyon but can only access IDEM through Borse Italiana, Calyon and Borse Italiana can work out an agreement so the trader need not switch his or her account. 
== Configuration and Feature Set ==
XLink can be used for internal routing between two Patsystems installation sites, providing connectivity for multi-site companies like global exchanges. It can also be used to route to another Patsystems customer, to take advantage of exchange connectivity without taking exchange membership. The software provides flexibility for users to select clearing and order routing pathways.
The XLink software runs on a local order routing engine. Once a physical connection is established, the XLink application is loaded onto the order routing engine at the sending company, and an omnibus account with standard risk management parameters is created at the receiving company. When contracts have been configured at the sending company, orders can be sent to the receiving company through the XLink connection.
It can run across a LAN, WAN, leased line or the internet. It offers pre-trade risk management, speed of access and straight-through processing.
== References ==
Category:Patsystems
Patti Paladino

__NOTOC__ 
Patti Paladino currently serves as vice president, head of sales for the Americas with Trading Technologies International, Inc. (TT). She assumed this role in December 2022, after first joining the organization as an account manager in 1999. 
== Background ==
Before joining TT, Paladino was a client support executive with Reuters, where she trained end users on market date platforms and
performed cross-sales activities.
== Education ==
Paladino earned a Bachelor of Science in economics in 1994 from The College of New Jersey.
== References ==	
Category:Reuters - Former Employees
Paul-André Jacot

__NOTOC__ 
Paul-André Jacot was the owner and president of Derivicom, a Geneva-based financial consultancy. He was also president and CEO of the Swiss Futures & Options Association and served on its board of directors.
He died on August 14, 2015.
On March 12, 2009, Jacot was inducted into the Futures Industry Association's Futures Hall of Fame, which was established in 2005 to commemorate outstanding contributions to the global futures and options community. 
==Background==
Jacot worked in banking in Switzerland after receiving his banking diploma in 1959. He worked with Citibank N.A. and Banque de Bruxelles.
After working for Rouse Wood­stock Ltd. and ContiCommodity Services Ltd. in the late 1970s, he co-founded FFM Financiere, a boutique for trading futures and options, in 1985. He was active there until 1991, when he founded his own company Derivacom, specializing in financial consulting, expert witnessing and related matters. In addition to being a founding partner of the FFM Group of companies, he also served as a member of the executive committee and board of directors.
He also served as secretary of the board of directors of the Geneva Trading Company of Montedison until 1978.
Jacot was active on the board of the Swiss Futures & Options Association starting in 1984, and became its chairman in 1990. In 2001, Paul Meier took over the chairmanship (at Jacot's request) but Jacot remained CEO until 2014.
== Education ==
Université de Geneve, 1963 — 1965
== References ==	
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Industry Organization Executives
Category:Swiss Futures & Options Association
Category:Futures Hall of Fame Members
Category:Deceased
Paul Achleitner

__NOTOC__ 
Dr. Paul Achleitner is chairman of the supervisory board of Deutsche Bank. He has held that position since 2012.
== Background ==
Achleitner was a member of the management board of Allianz SE (formerly Allianz AG) from 2000 – 2012. Earlier he was a managing partners at Goldman Sachs in Frankfurt from 1994 - 1999. From 1989 - 1994 he was executive director of investment banking at Goldman in London, having earlier been VP of mergers & acquisitions at the company in New York. 
He started his career in 1984 as a manager of strategy consulting at Bain & Co. in Boston.
== Education ==
Achleitner received earned a First degree in Business Administration, Economics, Law and Social Sciences at the University of St. Gallen and a Doctorate degree from the same University. He also earned an ISP from Harvard Business School in 1984.
== References ==
Paul Adcock

__NOTOC__ 
Paul Adcock is a vice president for the U.S. cash markets for NYSE/ICE.
Before ICE bought NYSE Euronext, he was an executive vice president of NYSE Euronext. He joined NYSE in 2006 when it bought Archipelago Holdings Inc., which was later turned into NYSE Arca. On August 27, 2014, Bloomberg reported that he had been promoted to overseeing day-to-day operations of NYSE Group's U.S. stock exchanges. 
== Background ==
Adcock was previously executive vice president and head of trading and operations at NYSE ARCA. He took over that role in October of 2006. Before that he was executive vice president of Archipelago Holdings, Inc. 
== Education ==
*SIU, BS Agriculture Economics and Finance
== References ==	
Category:NYSE Euronext - Former Employees
Category:NYSE ARCA
Paul Atkins

__NOTOC__ 
Paul Atkins is the chief executive officer of Patomak Global Partners, LLC. He is a former SEC commissioner.
He is also a visiting scholar at the American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research. His writings have appeared in The Wall Street Journal, Financial Times, Forbes, USA Today, and Politico, as well as scholarly journals such as the Harvard Business Law Review and the Fordham Journal of Corporate & Financial Law. He is a trustee of the American Council on Germany, serving as chairman of the audit committee, and is a member of the Committee for Economic Development of the Conference Board.
From 2009 to 2010, he served as a member of the Congressional Oversight Panel for the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP). 
In December of 2024, President-elect Donald Trump chose Atkins to head the Securities and Exchange Commission, replacing Gary Gensler. Atkins is known as a regulatory skeptic who will be expected to curb the agency’s enforcement division.
== Background ==
Atkins served as a Republican commissioner of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission from July 2002 to August 2008. During his two terms, he called for more transparency and consistency in the SEC’s decision-making and enforcement activities and regulation that considered costs and benefits, and he spoke out against large fines for companies, arguing they punish shareholders. He represented the SEC at various meetings of the US–EU Transatlantic Economic Council, the President’s Working Group on Financial Markets, the World Economic Forum, and the Transatlantic Business Dialogue.
While serving as an SEC commissioner, Atkins opposed a landmark SEC regulation that created a national electronic market for stock trading. The rule tried to ensure that investors’ orders would be routed to the exchange displaying the best price. Atkins argued that the new regime would hurt competition and micromanage stockbrokers. In 2006, he supported a set of SEC guidelines that would minimize the use of penalties against public companies. He favored suing individual wrongdoers instead. 
Before his government service, Atkins was a partner of PricewaterhouseCoopers and its predecessor firm Coopers & Lybrand, where he advised financial services firms on regulatory compliance, internal controls, and risk management issues.
From 1990 to 1994, he served on the staffs of SEC chairmen Richard C. Breeden and Arthur Levitt as chief of staff and counselor, respectively. 
Atkins began his career as a lawyer with Davis Polk & Wardwell in New York, representing U.S. and foreign clients on a wide range of corporate finance, banking, and business combination transactions.
== Education ==
Atkins received his A.B., summa cum laude, Phi Beta Kappa, from Wofford College and his J.D. from Vanderbilt University School of Law, where he was Senior Student Writing Editor of the Vanderbilt Law Review. 
== References ==
Paul Bauccio

__NOTOC__ 
Paul Bauccio is the current head of market operations at IEX Group, a position he has held since June 2015.
== Background ==
Bauccio has over 15 years of experience in exchange operations. He began his career in 1997, when he joined Chase Manhattan Bank. In 1999, he moved on to the New York Stock Exchange where he was a supervisor of the trading floor. Over the next 15 years, he rose up to be senior vice president of operations at the New York Stock Exchange. In June 2015, he moved on to IEX Group, where he served as head of market operations.
== Education ==
Bauccio has a bachelor's of Business Administration from Hofstra University. He graduated magna cum laude in 1997.
== References ==
Paul Bauerschmidt

__NOTOC__ 
Paul Bauerschmidt is a Chicago-based technology, derivatives and exchange executive who is currently a managing director of technology for JP Morgan.
Prior to joining JP Morgan, Bauerschmidt was head of systems engineering for Citadel. He has also served as a co-head of Coinbase's Chicago operations. Before joining Coinbase, Bauerschmidt held positions with Eris Exchange and CME Group and a technology start up.
== Background ==
Bauerschmidt served as managing director of products and services for Eris Exchange. Before that he was the chief operating officer of Wikr, a San Francisco based start up for secure communications.
He was head of the CME Group's swap execution business. He served as general manager for the CME's SEF and auction markets, plus the LBMA Silver Price, Pivot Systems instant messaging business line, and the Elysian Systems exchange software business line. 
At the CME, Bauerschmidt also held positions as executive director of OTC products, business development and operations for FXMarketSpace and as a lead developer of its match engine. He joined CME in 2002 and was the founding member of the Falcon matching engine team that now runs Globex.
Bauerschmidt also has been a software engineer for BEA Systems and a software engineer and venture analyst with Intel.
He serves as an adult volunteer with Boy Scouts of America. He is the Scoutmaster of Troop 156 in Glenview, IL.
==Video==
== Education ==
Bauerschmidt holds a bachelor of science in engineering from the University of Michigan and a masters of business administration in finance and business strategy from Northwestern University's Kellogg School of Management.
== References ==	
Category:CME Group - Former Employees
Category:Intel - Former Employees
Category:Bea Systems - Former Employees
Category:Eris Exchange - Former Employees
Category:Technologists
Category:Citadel - Former Employees
Paul Bowes

__NOTOC__ 
Paul Bowes is the head of equities derivatives for Thomson Reuters, a global financial media firm.
== Background ==
Previous to his current position, Bowes was global head of marketing for exchange traded instruments at Thomson Reuters from 2008 to 2010. He also served as global head of exchange strategy for Reuters from 2002 to 2008.
He was in wealth management marketing with Ansbacher in 2002. He also served as vice president of marketing for Cicada from 2000 to 2001.
Wealth Management Marketing
Bowes served as vice president of equity markets for the Toronto Stock Exchange from 1997 to 2000.
He also worked at Reuters American Inc. as head of new marketing from 1993 to 1997. Additionally, he was a marketing manager at Reuters from 1990 to 1997.
== Education ==
Bowes holds a bachelor of science in computing and informational science at Queen's University. Also, he holds a masters in business administration from University of Western Ontario.
== References ==	
Category:Thomson Reuters
Paul Brink

__NOTOC__ 
Paul Brink serves as senior vice-president of business development of Franco-Nevada Corporation.
== Background ==
Before taking on his current role, Brink served as chief financial officer of Franco-Nevada Corporation. He joined Franco-Nevada Capital in 2006 as director of corporate development.
Before joining Franco-Nevada, he served as chief financial officer of NRX Global Inc., where he handled its initial public offering. Prior to joining NRX Global, Brink served for four years as vice-president of investment banking with BMO Nesbitt Burns Inc. on resource mergers and acquisitions and equity capital market transactions.
== Education ==
Brink holds a bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Witwatersrand and a master’s degree in management studies from Oxford University.
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Paul Britton

__NOTOC__ 
Paul Britton is the chief executive officer of Capstone Investment Advisors, LLC and has spent his career in the options and volatility space.
 
== Background ==
Capstone was formed in 2004 following Britton’s purchase of the U.S. operations of Mako Global Derivatives, an options market maker in Europe, where he had been its U.S. chief executive officer and a member of its board of directors for five years. 
Mako Global Derivatives was established in 1999 when Britton and his two partners orchestrated a management buyout of Saratoga Limited, an options trading firm. With Mako Global Derivatives, Britton moved to New York in 2001 to establish a U.S. presence. 
Before that time, Britton had been with Saratoga Limited, where he started his trading career. With Saratoga Limited, he spent time in London, Milan and then Amsterdam in order to establish a Netherlands presence for the firm.
== Education ==
Born in London, Britton graduated from London Guildhall University/London Metropolitan University in 1994 with a bachelor’s degree in European Business Systems.
== Resources == 
*02/05/09, Paul Britton, CEO of Capstone Holdings Group on CNBC's "Squawk Box"
== References ==	
Category:Capstone Investment Advisors
Paul Callaway

__NOTOC__ 
Paul Callaway is the director of software engineering for CME Group. Callaway is responsible for the technology architecture and development of the company's matching engine for CME Group options and selected futures. 
== Background ==
Prior to joining the company in 2002, Callaway held technology roles at Parlano (now Microsoft) and UBS. 
In 2006, Callaway appeared on the television game show Jeopardy.
== Education ==
He earned a bachelor's degree in computer science from Case Western University and a master's degree in computer science from the University of Michigan. 
== References ==
Category:CME Group
Category:CME Group
Paul Chou

__NOTOC__ 
Paul L. Chou was the chief executive officer and co-founder of LedgerX, a trading and clearing platform for bitcoin options. He is a securities trader, software engineer and financial entrepreneur. 
He was appointed to the CFTC’s Technology Advisory Committee (TAC) in January 2016, but was removed from the committee in September of 2019 by the CFTC's unanimous decision after he wrote a post on a blog implying that former CFTC Chair Chris Giancarlo had given preferential treatment to the ICE/Bakkt bitcoin futures approval over LedgerX. 
Chou was placed on administrative leave by LedgerX in December 2019 along with his wife, Juthica Chou, who served as the company's president and chief risk officer. A January 14, 2020 company announcement about personnel changes revealed that both Chous' departures were permanent.
 
== Background ==
Before becoming CEO of LedgerX, Chou co-founded and ran Opez, a software company that received funding from the Y Combinator program, a startup accelerator fund which has sponsored Dropbox, Reddit and Airbnb. Prior to Opez, Chou was a trader on the quantitative cash trading desk within the securities division of Goldman Sachs, where he was responsible for the development, trading and risk management of algorithmic equity trading strategies for U.S. and Japanese markets.
== Education ==
He received a B.S. in Computer Science and a B.S. in Mathematics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. While at MIT, he worked in the Laboratory for Financial Engineering to develop models of market participant behavior in limit order books given the introduction of stochastic, asymmetric information.
== References ==	
Category: Ledgerx
Category: distributed ledgers
Category:People
Category:CFTC Technology Advisory Committee Members
Category: CryptoMarketsWiki
Paul Chow - Former HKEX CEO

__NOTOC__
Paul Chow is a former senior exchange executive in Hong Kong who served as CEO and an executive director of the Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing, owner of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and the Hong Kong Futures Exchange. He was appointed to the position in 2003 and re-appointed in 2006 to a second two-year term. He was replaced in 2010 by Charles Li.
In 2010, Chow received The Asian Banker Leadership Achievement Award for Markets and Exchanges.
 
== Background ==
Chow joined on May 1, 2003, from HSBC Asset Management (Hong Kong), where he was regional chief executive after starting in April 1997. From January 2000 to September 2001, he was the chairman of the Hong Kong Investment Funds Association.
In February 2009, he became vice chairman of the World Federation of Exchanges (WFE).
Chow was CEO of the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited from November 1991 to January 1997, and before then, he was the CEO of Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited for two years.
== Education ==
Chow holds a bachelor of science in mechanical engineering, diploma in management studies and MBA from the University of Hong Kong; a diploma in finance (distinction) from the Chinese University of Hong Kong. He has an honorary university fellowship (The University of Hong Kong) University fellowship from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, and is a Fellow of the Hong Kong Management Association, The Hong Kong Institute of Chartered Secretaries, and The Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators.
== References ==	
category:Former Exchange CEOs
Category:Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited - Former Employees
Category:HSBC Asset Management - Former Employees
Category:HKEX - Former Employees