United States Institute of Peace

The United States Institute of Peace is – to quote the Institution's web site – an:
:independent, nonpartisan federal institution created and funded by Congress to strengthen the nation's capacity to promote the peaceful resolution of international conflict.In 1981, a congressionally chartered commission recommended the creation of a national peace academy. The United States Institute of Peace was signed into law in 1984 by President Ronald Reagan.…Established in 1984, the Institute meets its congressional mandate through an array of programs, including grants, fellowships, conferences and workshops, library services, publications, and other educational activities. The Institute's Board of Directors is appointed by the President of the United States and confirmed by the Senate.
In 2004, Chester Crocker (USIP's chairman for the previous 12 years) noted that:
:"The Institute has been enriched by many individuals who have served on this board and made important contributions to its work. I cannot do justice to their service—past and continuing—but I am compelled to mention some of them: in particular, Elspeth's predecessor, John Norton Moore, who played a central role in establishing our institutional life and shaping our substantive programs; Dennis Bark whose rigorous focus on issues of governance and accountability gave us the high standards we cherish; Max Kampelman, my former vice-chair, who helped us master the art of finding solutions (to our own problems as well as to those of other people) and trained us to focus on what makes us unique; Sid Lovett and Mary Louise Smith, whose enthusiasm and essential sense of fairness inspired us all to work for the common good; Scott Thompson, Allen Weinstein, Bill Kintner, Holly Burkhalter, Steve Krasner, and Charles Horner, whose rigorous interest in the central role of ideas in our public life has enriched our programs; Father Ted Hesburgh for consistently raising our aspirations and helping us develop institutional traction in our outreach and Capital campaigns; and two ex officio directors who have played a special role in mentoring and supporting our growth: Erv Rokke and Paul Gaffney, former presidents of the National Defense University." 
He went on to add to "mention some people who were here on staff and some who are still here when I joined as a board member in November 1991" which included: Chick Nelson who joined the USIP in 1988 and "has done more to build, create, nurture and protect this institution"; Joe Klaits, "who said his farewell just last week"; Sheryl Brown; David Smock; Neil Kritz; April Hall; Hrach Gregorian; Chris de Paola; Bernice Carney; and George Foote, "our external counsel since 1986". Other former staff included, Robert Oakley, Sam Lewis, John Richardson, Ken Jensen, Michael Lund, Graeme Bannerman, Greg McCarthy, and Dan Snodderly. 
*Peter Ackerman is on "the U.S. Advisory Council of the United States Institute of Peace." 
==Iraq==
"The $87 billion Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense and for the Reconstruction of Iraq and Afghanistan, 2004, signed by President Bush on November 6, 2003 (Public Law 108-106) made available to the United States Institute of Peace $10 million for “activities supporting peace enforcement, peacekeeping and post-conflict peacebuilding” in Iraq." 
"The Institute has received $10 million from Congress that it plans to use for programs to prevent sectarian violence, promote the rule of law, train and educate a new generation of Iraqi leaders, and prepare American civilians for assignment in Iraq. In coordination with CPA’s Office of National Security, the Institute has already organized training for dozens of senior Iraqi diplomats, military, and police officials at the National Defense University focused on negotiation, consensus, and team-building skills. Over a two-year period, the Institute plans to train approximately 750 senior Iraqi officials. The Institute is also organizing training workshops for developing Iraqi leaders at the provincial level, with an emphasis on conflict management skills and coalition building with pragmatic, problem-solving workshops focused on intergroup issues. Additionally, interviews were conducted to capture the lessons learned by key U.S. personnel as they return from Iraq. This project aims to debrief civilian and military personnel who have worked on a range of reconstruction projects." 
==USIP Specialists==
Pamela Aall
Anatoly Adamishin
Judy Barsalou
Dorina Bekoe
Linda Bishai
Virginia Bouvier
Keith Bowen
Shlomo Brom
Daniel Brumberg
Ronald "Skip" Cole
A. Heather Coyne
John Crist
Beth Cole DeGrasse
Michael J. Dziedzic
Christine Fair
Theodore Feifer
Gerald Gahima
Hind Haider
Imad Harb
Jeffrey Helsing
Anne Hingeley
Qamar-ul Huda
Paul Hughes
Deborah Isser
Patricia Karam
Noor Kirdar
Neil Kritz
Scott Lasensky
Michael Lekson
Abdeslam E. M. Maghraoui
G. Eugene Martin
Gary Matthews
Alison Milofsky
Jonathan Morgenstein
Albaqir Mukhtar
Charles E. Nelson
Brenda Oppermann
Robert M. Perito
Colette Rausch
Steven Riskin
Daniel P. Serwer
Taylor Seybolt
David J. Smith
David R. Smock
Richard H. Solomon
Tara Sonenshine
Paul B. Stares
Nina Sughrue
Lynn M. Tesser
J. Alexander Thier
Patricia Thomson†
Astrid Tuminez
Paul A. Wee
Carola Weil
Jacqueline H. Wilson
Mona Yacoubian
 
Ex-Staff
Sloan Mann
Liane Martindale
Jonathan Morrow
Source† USIP's executive vice president, its second-ranking officer.
== Board of Directors ==
=== Current Board (2006) ===
*J. Robinson West, (Chair) Chairman, PFC Energy, Washington, DC
*María Otero (Vice Chair), President, ACCION International, Boston, MA.
*Betty F. Bumpers, Founder and former President, Peace Links, Washington, DC
*Holly J. Burkhalter, Advocacy Director, Physicians for Human Rights, Washington, DC
*Chester A. Crocker
*James R. Schlesinger Professor of Strategic Studies School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University
*Laurie S. Fulton, Williams and Connolly, Washington, DC
*Charles Horner, Senior Fellow, Hudson Institute, Washington, DC
*Seymour Martin Lipset, Hazel Professor of Public Policy, George Mason University, 
*Mora L. McLean, President, Africa-America Institute, New York, NY
*Barbara W. Snelling, Former State Senator and former Lieutenant Governor Shelburne, VT
===Other board members in July 2004===
*Stephen D. Krasner, Graham H. Stuart Professor of International Relations, Stanford University
*Daniel Pipes, Director, Middle East Forum, Philadelphia, PA
Source (But was eventually not approved)
===Other board members in September 2002===
*Marc E. Leland, Esq., President, Marc E. Leland & Associates, Arlington, Va.
*Harriet Zimmerman, Vice President, American Israel Public Affairs Committee, Washington, D.C., and director of Coalition for a Democratic Majority
Source
=== Members ex officio (2006) ===
*Michael M. Dunn, Lieutenant General, U.S. Air Force, President, National Defense University
*Barry Lowenkron, Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor
*Peter W. Rodman, Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs
*Richard H. Solomon, President, United States Institute of Peace (nonvoting)
=== Other Members ex officio (2004) ===
*Lorne W. Craner, Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
Source
=== Other Members ex officio (2002) ===
*Douglas J. Feith, Under Secretary of Defense for Policy 
*Paul G. Gaffney II, Vice Admiral, U.S. Navy; President, National Defense University
Source
=== Members 1990 ===
*Samuel W. Lewis President
*Elspeth D. Rostow Vice Chair
*John N. Moore Chair
*John A. Baldwin
*Dennis Bark
*Stephen Hadley
*William R. Kinter
*Evron Kirkpatrick
*Ronald F. Lehman
*Morris Leibman
*Sidney Lovett
*Richard J. Neuhaus
*Richard Schifter
*W. Scott Thompson
*W. Bruce Weinrod
*Allen Weinstein
(Source: Diamond and Hatch, 1990)
=== Members 1985 ===
Nine of the eleven non-Government members were:
*W. Bruce Weinrod
*Dennis L. Bark
*Richard J. Neuhaus
*Sidney Lovett
*William R. Kinter
*Martin Colman
*Evron Kirkpatrick
*W. Scott Thompson
*John N. Moore
 
The two others members being considered in 1985 were:
*Allen Weinstein
*Wendy Borcherdt
Source
===Senior fellows===
*Gabriel Weimann
For a full list see: Past fellows
==Related, links, notes==
===Related Resources===
*National Endowment for Democracy
*National Peace Foundation
*Points of Peace Foundation
==Contact, References and Resources==
===Contact===
:Web: www.usip.org
===Resources===
*Jonathan Wright, Bush Annoys U.S. Muslim Group with Pipes Nomination, Reuters, 7 April 2003.
*Sara Diamond and Richard Hatch, "Operation Peace Institute", Zmag, 1990.
*RightWeb Group Watch, Report on the US Institute of Peace An in-depth expose of this group and its ties to US intelligence and rightwing "think tanks".
*"Withdrawal Sheet: Ronald Reagan Library", 28 June 1985.
*Chester A. Crocker, "The Growth of a Unique Federal Agency", USIP, 4 August 2004.
===References===