nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Paull-Unger Algorithm

The Paull-Unger Theorem, developed by Marvin C. Paull and H. Unger, is a crucial theoretical framework in the field of automata theory, particularly for the minimization of incomplete machines and the identification of maximal independent sets (MIS). This theorem plays a vital role in reducing the number of states in sequential circuits, which is essential for optimizing the efficiency of computational systems.
==Graph Theory and the Independent Set Problem==
In the realm of graph theory, the Paull-Unger Theorem is instrumental in addressing the independent set problem, a common challenge where one seeks to find the largest group of nodes within a graph that are not directly connected by edges. These groups, known as independent sets, are crucial for various applications, from network design to resource allocation.
The Paull-Unger Algorithm is specifically designed to identify all maximal independent sets within a graph. Furthermore, it calculates the graph's independence number—the size of the largest independent set. This algorithm is particularly effective for solving complex network problems, making it a valuable tool in network analysis and optimization.E. Demiral, İ. R. Karaş, E. Şehirli, M. K. Turan, "Interactive Software Application of Independent Sets and Paull-Unger Algorithm on Network Analysis," TMMOB GIS Congress, 2013.
Paull-Unger Algorithm's pseudo code is
β, i, j, n: positive integers
E: array of size (n+ × n+) containing elements of B
L, M: subsets of B*
v: array of size B containing elements of V
x: element of B*
σ: element of B*
# begin
# T ← ∅;
# T[ε] ← V;
# L ← {ε};
# for j ← 1 to n – 1 do
# for i ← j + 1 to n do
# if E[i, j] = 1 then
# begin
# M ← {x ∈ L: {vi, vj} ⊆ T[x]};
# L ← L \ M;
# v[0] ← vi;
# v[1] ← vj;
# for x ∈ M do
# for σ ∈ B do
# begin
# T[xσ] ← T[x] \ {v[σ]};
# if (T[xσ] ⇒ T[y] for all y ∈ L) then
# L ← L ∪ {xσ};
# end;
# end;
# β ← max{|T[x]| for all x ∈ L};
# end;
==Conclusion==
The Paull-Unger Theorem and its associated algorithm are powerful assets in both theoretical and applied mathematics. Their ability to efficiently minimize states in incomplete machines and solve complex graph theory problems underscores their importance in a variety of fields, from automata theory to GIS. With the advent of interactive tools that facilitate learning and application, the theorem's utility continues to expand, offering new opportunities for innovation in complex problem-solving.
Category:Graph theory objects
Category:Computational problems in graph theory
Paulo Tibig

Paulo M. Tibig is a Filipino motivational speaker, author, and entrepreneur. He is also one of the board of directors of Authority of the Freeport Area of Bataan (AFAB).
==Career==
At the core of Tibig's philosophy lies the concept of "learnjoyment", a blend of learning and enjoyment that characterizes his keynotes and workshops. His bestselling book, Strategies of a Champion Entrepreneur, serves as a testament to his expertise in navigating the intricate landscape of entrepreneurship. More recently, his book STANDOUT: How to Lead Without Losing Your Values reinforces the significance of ethical leadership, emphasizing the fusion of success with unwavering principles.
Tibig has appeared on national TV and radio platforms, where he has shared real-life strategies and principles.
Tibig has helped lead corporate plenaries, conferences, and summits.
Tibig is also a certified executive and team coach.
Category:Filipino motivational speakers
Category:Author
Category:Entrepreneurs
Category:Filipino people
Pauly Kidd

Anthony Brian Chambers (born August 18, 1998) professionally known as Pauly KiDD is an American rapper and singer from Kansas City, Missouri. An influential figure in contemporary popular music, Pauly has been credited for popularizing singing and R&B sensibilities in hip hop, gaining recognition in 2023 for his freshman album “As You Were”.
Category:1998 births
Category:American rappers
Category:Singers
Category:American people
Paun (Siwana, Barmer)

Paun is a small village of 2648 hectares in Siwana Tehsil in Barmer district in the State of Rajasthan, India. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is elected representative of the village by the local elections. Paun depends on BALOTRA, the nearest town for all major economic activities. The village has government-provided water facilities that include One tap, One Well supply, which is 90.00% of the total supply, Two tanks, One tubewell, and One handpump. The villagers also acquire water from some of the natural water sources - Two rivers, Two canals and Two springs. Paun is also surrounded by Two lakes. The population of the village depends on the source of drinking water during summer on Handpump. Paun's pin code is 344801, and village code is 02164500. The area of Paun is segregated as 390 hectares irrigated area, 991 hectares unirrigated, the 1207 hectare area under culturable waste (including gauchar and groves), and remaining 60 hectare area not available for cultivation.
Paun has One post office (Pau B.O). The village is connected with a single bus service. Paun has Two banks and Two credit societies for the regulation of economic activity. The village is also equipped with Two recreational centers.
The village has an uninterrupted 24 hours electric supply from a power grid.
== Demographics ==
Paun is a census village in the district of Barmer, Rajasthan. The village has a total population of 2742 and has total administration over 392 houses which are connected to supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage.
* Paun has 509 children, 247 boys and 262 girls.
* Scheduled caste counts for 537 (19.58%) males constitute 302 (11.01%) of the population and females 235 (8.57%).
* Scheduled tribe counts for 214 (7.80%) males constitute 110 (4.01%) of the population and females 104 (3.79%).
== Medical facility ==
* Paun has 2 hospitals in nearby town.
==Educational institutions==
As per the census 2011 report, 1094 people are literate in Paun out of which 791 are males and 303 are females.
Paun has the following educational facilities:
* 1 Education facility
* 1 Primary school
* 1 Upper primary school
* 3 Colleges in the nearby range
== Employment ==
According to a census 2011 report, 1182 people of the total population are employed. The workforce is 732 male, 450 female with 690 (58.38%) of all workers being employed full-time, this includes 647 males and 43 females. 640 males and 29 females are considered as the main cultivators with the help of 6 male and 5 female agricultural labor. 492 people are reported to work for a marginal period of time in the year.
They depend on the agricultural markets (Mandi) of the nearby towns of BALOTRA and Barmer to sell ghee and make their living.
== References ==
== External link ==
* Official website
Category:Villages in Siwana Tehsil
Category:Villages in Barmer District
Category:Villages in Rajasthan
Category:Villages in India
Pavan Ramdya

Pavan Ramdya (born 1979) is an American neuroscientist and bioengineer. His research centers on understanding the neuromechanical control of behavior and its application to robotics and artificial intelligence in neurosciences. He holds the Firmenich Next Generation Chair in neuroscience and bioengineering at EPFL (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne), and is head of the Neuroengineering Laboratory at EPFL's School of Life Sciences.
== Career ==
Ramdya studied neuroscience first at Drew University, where he received his Bachelor's degree with honors (summa cum laude, Phi Beta Kappa) in 2001. He continued his studies at Harvard University and in 2009 received a PhD for his work in the group of Florian Engert. He then went on to perform postdoctoral work in neurogenetics and robotics in the laboratories of Richard Benton at University of Lausanne (UNIL) and Dario Floreano at EPFL, respectively. There he studied locomotor control and collective behavior in Drosophila melanogaster. In 2015, he moved to the California Institute of Technology to work as a visiting postdoctoral fellow with Micheal Dickinson where he developed a means for imaging motor circuit activity in behaving Drosophila.
Since 2017 he has been an Assistant Professor for neuroscience at EPFL, and head of the Neuroengineering Laboratory located at both the Brain Mind Institute and at the Institute of Bioengineering of EPFL's School of Life Sciences.
== Research ==
Ramdya's research is focused on reverse-engineering biological neuromechanical control to inspire the development of artificial systems that can mimic the flexibility and agility of animal behaviors. Specifically, he studies limb-dependent behaviors in Drosophila melanogaster, employing an interdisciplinary approach which draws on genetic manipulations, neural and behavioral recordings, and physics-based neural network models and simulations.
His research was featured in National Geographic, IEEE Spectrum, Nature, Quanta Magazine, and Le Monde.
==In the media==
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== References ==
== External links ==
* 
* 
* Pavan Ramdya‬ - ‪Google Scholar‬
* Pavan P Ramdya - people.epfl.ch
* Neuroengineering Laboratory ‐ EPFL
* Pavan Ramdya -FKNE
* Interview with Prof. Pavan Ramdya, new director of the Neuroengineering Laboratory at Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) School of Life Sciences
* from individual action to collective coherence - Pavan Ramdya
* Pavan Ramdya - Publications - Neurotree
Category:1979 births
Category:Living people
Category:Drew University alumni
Category:Harvard University alumni
Category:University of Lausanne alumni
Category:Neuroscientists
Category:American scientists
Category:École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne faculty
Category:Bioengineers
Pavan Sadineni

Pavan Sadineni is a film director and screenwriter associated with Telugu cinema. His directorial credits include films such as Prema Ishq Kaadhal (2013), Savitri(2016) and Senapathi(2021). Additionally, he has directed web series like PillA(2017), Ee Office Lo (2018), Commitmental(2020), and Dayaa(2023). 
==Early Life==
Pavan Sadineni, born on May 25, 1988, in Vijayawada. His father, S.V. Ramana, runs building construction business, and his mother, S. Lakshmi, owns a boutique. Pavan studied at Siddhartha School, Vijayawada. Later, he is graduated with a B.Tech degree at J. B. Institute of Engineering and Technology. He went to the United States, pursued M.S. degree in computer science, 
Pavan Sadineni worked as a software developer at Apple Inc.. He worked as an intern at a film school in the United States.
He played cricket at district level.
==Career==
In the early stages of Pavan's career, he directed several short films, including Interview, Love Formula 31 and Bewars. Pavan has directed a total of ten short films, with his debut work titled Toorpu Padamara.
In 2013, Pavan to directed Prema Ishq Kaadhal. This is Pavan's debut film. Prema Ishq Kaadhal is a romantic comedy film, featuring Harshvardhan Rane, Harish Varma, Sree Vishnu, Ritu Varma, Vithika Sheru and Sree Mukhi in lead roles. 
In 2014, Pavan directed Savitri with Nara Rohit. 
In 2017, Pavan directed a Mini Web Series titled PillA, a Sci-fi Thriller starring Dhanya Balakrishnan.
In 2018, Pavan directed Ee Office Lo, a New-age drama with Chaitanya Krishna and Rakendu Mouli as leads.
In 2020, Pavan directed Commitmental, a Rom-com and a remake of Hindi Web-series Permanent Roommates. 
On December 31st, 2021, Senapathi directed by Pavan Sadineni was released in Aha. This is a remake of Tamil film, 8 Thottakkal.
After Senapathi, In 2022, Pavan directed Dayaa, which is a remake of Taqdeer. Pavan was awarded as "The Best Director" by the OTT Play Awards, 2023.
==Filmography==
Year	Title
2013	Prema Ishq Kaadhal
2016	Savitri
2017	PillA
2018	Ee Office Lo
2020	Commitmental
2021	Senapathi
2023	Dayaa
==Awards==
===For The Best Director===
Year	Movie	Award
2023	Dayaa	OTT Play Awards
Category:Film directors
Category:Screenwriters
Category:People from Vijayawada
Category:Telugu-language films
Pavao Stern

Pavao Stern was a Croatian physician and pharmacologist. His research focused on various aspects of pharmacology, including allergies, the role of histamine in the body, and the significance of substance P in the central nervous system. Stern is considered one of the discoverers of antihistamines.https://www.jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(20)36910-6/pdf
After completing his medical studies at the University of Zagreb in 1936 and specializing in pharmacology in Vienna, Stern established a pharmacological laboratory at the chemical and pharmaceutical products factory Kaštel in Zagreb. There, he was involved in the synthesis of antimalarials. Even though Stern was Jewish, he was able to work in Croatia during World War Two. 
From 1946, Stern served as an associate professor at the Department of Pharmacology at the University of Zagreb School of Medicine. In 1947, he became a full professor at the School of Medicine in Sarajevo, where he founded the Institute of Pharmacology. He played a crucial role in establishing laboratory facilities and organizing pharmacological research at the pharmaceutical company PLIVA. In 1961, Stern organized the First International Symposium on Substance P in Sarajevo. 
Pavao Stern was born on March 17, 1913, in Varaždin, Croatia, to a Jewish family, and died March 20, 1976. He was married to Bosiljka Srkoć, and they had one son, Milan Stern.
Category:1913 births
Category:People from Varaždin
Category:Croatian people
Category:Physicians
Pavel Konzbul

Pavel Konzbul (born 17 October 1965 in Brno-Juliánov) is currently Bishop (Catholic Church) Diocese of Brno in the Czech Republic.https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bkonzbul.html
Pavel Konzbul was born on 17th October 1965. After his high school studies, he graduated from the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication of the Brno University of Technology and worked as a researcher in the field electrical engineering.https://www.cirkev.cz/cs/pavel-konzbul 
In 1995 he began his studies at the Cyril and Methodius Theological Faculty of Palacký University Olomouc|Palacký University in Olomouc, which he completed in 2000. In 2003 he received priestly ordination. He then worked as a parish vicar in Boskovice and Svitávka, in Hustopeče near Brno, Starovičky and an excurrendo administrator in Starovice (all in Moravia). In 2013 he was appointed parish priest of the parish at the Cathedral of St. Peter and Paul, Brno|Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul in Brno. On 21st May 2016, he was appointed Roman Catholic Diocese of Leitomischl|Titular Bishop of Litomyšl and auxiliary Bishop of Brno by Pope Francis.https://brnensky.denik.cz/zpravy_region/papez-jmenoval-konzbula-jako-noveho-pomocneho-biskupa-pro-brnenskou-diecezi-20160521.html On 29th June 2016 he received the Episcopal ordination in the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul in Brno from his diocesan bishop Vojtěch Cikrle. On 26th May 2022 the Holy Father Francis appointed him to be the 14th Diocesan Bishop of Brno.https://www.cirkev.cz/cs/pavel-konzbul
In the Czech Bishops' Conference, Bishop Pavel Konzbul is a member of the Commission for the Priesthood and the Commission for Catholic Education.https://www.cirkev.cz/cs/pavel-konzbul He is the author of religious publications, intended primarily for young people.https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?ccl_term=wau=xx0111939+or+wkw=xx0111939&func=find-c&local_base=skc&CON_LNG=ENG
Category:1965 births
Category:Electrical engineers
Category:Brno University of Technology alumni
Pavel Talalay

Pavel Grigorievich Talalay (Russian: Павел Григорьевич Талалай) (born October 14, 1962), is a Russian Professor of drilling engineering and director of the Polar Institute for Polar Science and Engineering in Jilin University, Changchun, China. His research interests are focused on different features of drilling technology in ice and permafrost; dynamics of ice sheets; ice properties and environmental issues in Polar Regions.
== Career ==
Talalay acquired Drilling Engineer (1984), Ph.D. (1995) and Doctor of Engineering (2007) degrees at the St. Petersburg Mining University of Russia, where he has also worked as Professor and Chair of Department of Descriptive Geometry and Engineering Drawing . Talalay was a guest Researcher in the Niels Bohr University of Copenhagen, Denmark (1998-1999). In 2010, Talalay was invited to work at Jilin University within the framework of the Chinese state program “Attracting 1000 highly qualified specialists” . Later, Talalay became the Director of the Polar Research Center of Jilin University . Additionally, Talalay was a member of IDDO Technical Advisory Board of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA (2009-2017). Talalay is the author of over 170 publication, 50 patents, and 16 books and book-chapters, most notable of which are Mechanical Ice Drilling Technology and Thermal Ice Drilling Technology.
== Expeditions in Antarctica and the Artic ==
Talalay participated in six field expeditions in Antarctica and the Artic. In 1999-2001 he took part in the North Greenland Ice-core Project (NorthGRIP) yielded the deepest borehole in Greenland Ice Sheet (3085 m; 2003). He has been a part in a Russian project to create deepest borehole in ice at Vostok station, Antarctica that contacted in February 2012 with the Subglacial Lake Vostok at a depth 3769.3 m. In 2019, Talalay lead a research project that yielded the first bedrock sample beneath East Antarctica, near the Zhongshan station, in more than 60 years . 
== Awards and recognition ==
Talalay was awarded the Second-Class Diploma of IV All-Russian context of science-popular articles “Scince-Society-2005” , 2006 International Geneva Salon of Inventions Gold Medal, won the 2009 International Contest on 3D-Moldelling. In 2014, he was awarded Chinese Government's Friendship Award for “outstanding contribution to the country's economic and social progress”.
== References ==
Category:Russian professors
Category: living people
Pavel Tio

Pavel Tio (, born May 20, 1963, Tashkent) is a Russian businessman, chairman of the Board of Directors and co-owner of the real estate development company Capital Group.
==Biography==
===Early life===
Pavel Tio was born on May 20, 1963 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, into a family of power engineers. In 1985 he graduated from the Tashkent State Technical University, majoring in thermal power plants. After that, he got a job at Uzbekgidroproekt as a power engineer.
In 1990s he worked as a trader. 
===Capital Group===
In 1993 he became a shareholder in the construction company Capital Group, with Vladislav Doronin and Eduard Berman. Capital Group is one of the few major Russian real estate companies since the 1990s that avoided bankruptcy or a radical change of ownership. The 2007-2008 financial crisis sharply changed the whole market: sales stopped, and the developers could not pay their multimillion-dollar loans. Pavel Tio has made a series of transformations to restructure the $700 million debt and put the company out of crisis.
In 2016 he became the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Capital Group. Since then, Pavel Te has almost doubled the company's revenue to 71 billion rubles.
===Other ventures===
In 2016, Pavel Tio was an investor in a project to develop one of the famous "book"-house on New Arbat Avenue in Moscow, and Capital Group was the developer.
In 2017, Pavel Tio sold the Stolichniye Apteki Moscow-based pharmacy chain. He bought the chain in 2016 for 5.67 billion rubles.
==Controversy==
===Snow Leopard===
In 2015, Pavel Tio was suspected of killing a snow leopard on the territory of Kyrgyzstan. The Ministry of Natural Resources sent a request to the Prosecutor General's Office to verify information this information. According to K-News agency the Kyrgyz authorities did not investigate the case.
==Personal life==
Cho Myung-hee (1894 — 1938) — grandfather on his father's side, Korean writer, on April 15, 1938 he was sentenced to execution on charges of betraying the interests of the Soviet people and spying for Japan, and was shot on May 11.
Olga Karput — wife, owner of the boutique KM20.
Pavel Tio is the head of the Board of Trustees of the Freedivers Association of Russia.
In 2016, Pavel Tio was awarded the most fashionable businessman according to GQ.
Category:1963 births
Category:People from Tashkent	
Category:Tashkent State Technical University alumni
Category:Uzbekistani people
Category:Russian businesspeople
Category:Board of directors
Pavel Tyo

Pavel Tio (born May 20, 1963, Tashkent) is a Russian businessman, chairman of the Board of Directors and co-owner of the real estate development company Capital Group (Russia).
== Biography ==
=== Early life ===
Pavel Tio was born on May 20, 1963 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, into a family of power engineers. In 1985 he graduated from the Tashkent State Technical University, majoring in thermal power plants. After that, he got a job at Uzbekgidroproekt as a power engineer.
In 1990s he worked as a trader. 
=== Capital Group ===
In 1993 he became a shareholder in the construction company Capital Group (Russia), with Vladislav Doronin and Eduard Berman. Capital Group is one of the few major Russian real estate companies since the 1990s that avoided bankruptcy or a radical change of ownership. The 2007–2008 financial crisis sharply changed the whole market: sales stopped, and the developers could not pay their multimillion-dollar loans. Although the company was about to declare bankruptcy, Pavel Tio was able to negotiate with major creditors and restructure the debt of $700 million, which saved the company. 
In 2016 he became the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Capital Group. Since then, Pavel Te has almost doubled the company's revenue to 71 billion rubles.
=== Other ventures ===
In 2016, Pavel Tio was an investor in a project to develop one of the famous "book"-house on New Arbat Avenue in Moscow, and Capital Group was the developer.
In 2017, Pavel Tio sold the Stolichniye Apteki Moscow-based pharmacy chain. He bought the chain in 2016 for 5.67 billion rubles.
=== Political activity ===
Since November 2010, he has been a deputy of the Verkhnelandekhovsky District Council of Ivanovo Oblast.
== Scandals ==
In 2015, Pavel Tio was suspected in social networks of killing a snow leopard on the territory of Kyrgyzstan. The Ministry of Natural Resources sent a request to the Prosecutor General's Office to verify information this information. According to K-News agency the Kyrgyz authorities did not investigate the case.
== Personal life ==
Cho Myung-hee (1894 — 1938) — grandfather on his father's side, Korean writer, on April 15, 1938 he was sentenced to execution on charges of betraying the interests of the Soviet people and spying for Japan, and was shot on May 11.
Olga Karput — wife, owner of the boutique KM20.
Pavel Tio is the head of the Board of Trustees of the Freedivers Association of Russia.
In 2016, Pavel Tio was awarded the most fashionable businessman according to GQ.
Category:1963 births
Category:Russian businesspeople
Category:People from Tashkent