nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Degel HaTorah

Degel HaTorah is an Ashkenazi Haredi political party in Israel. For much of its existence, it has been allied with Agudat Yisrael, under the name United Torah Judaism.
== History ==
Degel HaTorah was founded in 1988, as a splinter from Agudat Israel. Its establishment by Rabbi Elazar Shach was due to ongoing policy disputes with the Hasidic rabbis within Agudat Yisrael. In the 1988 elections, the party won two seats, taken by Avraham Ravitz and Moshe Gafni, and joined Yitzhak Shamir's coalition government. For the 1992 elections, the party allied itself with Agudat Yisrael, under the name United Torah Judaism.
Although the party split shortly before the 1996 elections, they re-united for the elections. This was repeated for the 1999, 2006, and 2009 elections.
Currently (2022), the party has three MKs (of the seven representing United Torah Judaism): Moshe Gafni, Uri Maklev, and Ya'akov Asher.
== Ideology ==
Degel HaTorah represents the "Lithuanian wing" of the non-Hasidic Haredim (known as "Mitnagdim"), as opposed to the Hasidic-dominated Agudat Yisrael party. Sometimes, the parties compete against each other; at other times, they join forces within a political alliance called United Torah Judaism (UTJ) (Yahadut HaTorah in Hebrew).
In Jerusalem, it was based on a long-standing argument against a 1989 agreement between Degel HaTorah's then-spiritual leader Rabbi Elazar Shach, the venerated Rosh yeshiva of the famed Ponevezh Yeshiva in Bnei Brak, and the spiritual leader of Agudat Yisrael, the Pnei Menachem of Gur, Rabbi Pinchas Menachem Alter. The deal, based on the demographics of the time, stated that when UTJ would join forces, Aguda would receive 60% of the seats, and Degel 40%. This agreement was first contested in May 2016, when Degel's Knesset leader Moshe Gafni demanded that then-Deputy Education Minister Meir Porush resign from the Knesset, in order to give Degel 3 out of the 6 seats held by UTJ. Porush was able to keep his ministerial position under the 2015 so-called Norwegian Law. In 2018, Degel reached a 50-50 agreement with Aguda, with an Aguda representative as the Chairman of the party.
Degel HaTorah's rabbinical arbiter ("posek") was, until his death in 2012,Rabbi Elyashiv, Venerated Leader in Ultra-Orthodox Community, Dies Yair Ettinger, Haaretz 18 July 2012. centenarian Rabbi Yosef Shalom Eliashiv of Jerusalem. Rabbi Eliashiv served as one of two Chairmen of Degel HaTorah's Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah ("Council of Torah Sages"). After Rabbi Eliyashiv's death, Rabbi Aharon Yehuda Leib Shteinman led the party; after him, by Rabbi Chaim Kanievsky and Rabbi Gershon Edelstein.
==See also==
*Hasidim and Mitnagdim
*Agudat Yisrael
==References==
==External links==
*Party history Knesset website
*Dei'ah Vedibur, weekly web publication with material from Yated Neeman newspaper
*" Krias Kodesh for the United Torah Judaism and Shabbos - Agudas Yisroel Degel HaTorah List Issued by Maranan Verabonon Gedolei Vetzadikei Hador Shlita, Parshas Vaykhel/Pekudei 5766
Deirdre Brock

Deirdre Brock has been the Scottish National Party Member of Parliament (MP) for Edinburgh North and Leith since May 2015. Parliament.UK Deidre Brock, accessed 22 May 2015.
Brock defeated the Labour Party's Mark Lazarowicz, who had held the seat since 2001, in the 2015 general election by 5,597 votes. BBC News Edinburgh North and Leith, accessed 22 May 2015.
In the same month, Ms Brock was appointed Shadow SNP Westminster Group Leader and liaison with the Scottish Parliament and Government. Deidre Brock SNP WebsiteSNP Website, accessed 25 September 2015
==Education==
*BA English, John Curtin University SNP Deirdre Brock, accessed 22 May 2015.
*WA Academy of Performing Arts
==Affiliations==
*Public Accounts Committee
==Contact==
:Twitter: @deidrebrock
===Parliament===
:Address: House of Commons,
:London,
:SW1A 0AA
:Telephone: 020 7219 6647
:Email: deidre.brock.mp@parliament.uk
==Notes==
Brock, Deidre Brock, Deidre Brock, Deidre Brock, Deidre
Deirdre Hutton

From a biog on the Food Standards Agency Website:
:DAME DEIRDRE HUTTON CBE became Chair of the Food Standards Agency in July 2005. She has served on a number of public bodies and has considerable experience of corporate governance, risk-based regulation and consumer policy. She is Vice-Chair of the European Food Safety Authority Management Board and Deputy Chair of the Financial Services Authority. For five years, she was Chair of the National Consumer Council, having formerly chaired the Scottish Consumer Council. Prior to her appointment at the Food Standards Agency, she was a member of the Better Regulation Task Force.
:She has held a number of positions on bodies dealing with food issues, including Chair of the Foresight Panel on the Food Chain and Crops for Industry, Chair of the Food Chain Centre, and membership of the Policy Commission on the Future of Farming and Food (the Curry Commission).
The Food Standards Agency biog doesn't mention that Hutton is also an advisor to the Social Market Foundation the pro market think tank.
:Deirdre Hutton joined the Financial Services Authority Board in December 1997 and was appointed Deputy Chair on 1 April 2004. She is Chair of the Food Standards Agency and Vice Chair of the European Food Safety Authority.
:Formerly Deirdre was Chair of the National Consumer Council, the Scottish Consumer Council and the Personal Investment Authority Ombudsman Bureau. Deirdre was also a member of the Better Regulation Task Force until June 2005. 
==Personal interests==
From the FSA website:
Consultancies and/or direct employment
Deputy Chair, European Food Safety Authority
Deputy Chair, Financial Services Authority
Thomas Hutton (son), research chemist, Tate & Lyle plc
Nicholas Hutton (son), Researcher for Jo Swinson, MP
==Shareholdings==
Shares in GlaxoSmithKline, Tesco, Unilever, BskyB, and Scottish Radio to a value of approximately £43,500
Close family members hold shares in GlaxoSmithKline, ICI, Tesco, Scottish & Newcastle, Unilever and Marks & Spencer to a value of approximately £88,000
==Clubs and other organisations==
Forum UK, a club for senior women in UK, some of whom are in the food and related industries
==Other public appointments==
Trustee of Picker Institute Europe, a charity devoted to enhancing the role of patients within medicine
== Notes ==
# The Financial Services Authority website, FSA About us Last viewed 01.02.07
Delia Rickard

Delia Rickard is Senior Executive Leader in Consumers and Retail Investors unit at the Australian Securities and Investment Commission. She is also a former Acting Executive Director of Consumer Protection and International at ASIC. She was previously the Head of Consumer Protection at the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission and a member of the Secretariat to the Financial System Inquiry chaired by Australian businessman Stan Wallis.ASIC, Senior executive leader profiles, accessed 31 March 2009.
==Resources==
*ASIC, Senior executive leader profiles, accessed 31 March 2009.
==Notes==
Rickard, Delia
Delphine Chalencon

In April 2007 Delphine Chalencon began working for Strategis, a Brussels based EU affairs, lobbying firm. Delphine previously worked at the European Commission where she worked on the EC's white paper on a European communication policy. At Strategis she will focus in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and employment policy issues.Public Affairs News, May 2007, p.10.
==Biographical Information==
===History===
===Current activities===
==Views==
==Affiliations==
==Publications, Contact, Resources and Notes==	 
===Publications===
===Contact===	
:Address:
:Phone:
:Email:
:Website: 
==Resources==
*Public Affairs News, May 2007, p.10.
==Notes==
Chalencon, Delphine
Chalencon, Delphine
Deltacloud

Deltacloud is a leisure and entertainment company based in Barnsley, South Yorkshire. They run a number of pubs and a nightclub in Barnsley, employing over 200 people: The Soviet Bar, The Orchard Brewery, Panama Joes, Pharoahs, Sportz Bar, The Ticket Office and Mortons Restaurant. The Directors of the company are Philip England and Barry Smith, while the major shareholder is Victoria Leisure Ltd. Deltacloud also has a subsidiary - Advanced Plumbing & Heating (Wakefield & Barnsley) Ltd.
== Affiliations ==
In May 2001 Deltacloud gave £2,000 to the Labour Party. 
Source: Red Star Research 'Deltacloud' retrieved July 7 2007 from http://www.red-star-research.org.uk/subframe5.html
Democracy Digest

::Democracy Digest provides news, analysis and information on democracy promotion and related matters. The Digest is produced at the National Endowment for Democracy and published by the Transatlantic Democracy Network, which aims to inform and convene democratic and civil society activists committed to promoting democracy. The Network is affiliated with the World Movement for Democracy.Democracy Digest, accessed 21 May 2008.
==People==
*Michael Allen - Editor
==References==
Democracy and Security

Democracy and Security (ISSN 1741-9166) is a peer reviewed, scholarly journal published by Routledge Publishers. The journal is published quarterly and was founded in 2005. Democracy and Security Taylor & Francis Online, accessed 2 December 2014 
The journal publishes conceptual, theoretical, and empirical articles on concepts and functions that are believed to shape the relations between various international and national security policies, concerns, and needs on the one hand, and central values, institutions, and processes of democratic societies on the other. Aims and Scope Taylor & Francis Online, accessed 2 December 2014 
The journal is described as being 'committed to providing exposure to diverse theoretical and methodological perspectives, as well as policy approaches.' 
==About==
The Journal addresses a wide range of topics, including:
*Democratic societies and their struggle with domestic threats.
*Moral dimensions of national security in democracies.
*Legal dimensions of national security in democracies.
*Mass communications and national security.
*Social implications on national security issues.
*Constraints of democratic governments in shaping national security policy.
*Forms of government and perceptions of national dilemmas.
*Democracies, minorities, and national security.
*The role of civil society in shaping national security decisions in democratic regimes.
*Public opinion, counter-terrorism, and national security dilemmas.
*The politics of defense policies.
*The psychology of decision-making processes in the context of national security issues.
*Civilian sphere of domestic and human security.
*The role of the legislative branch in shaping security policies.
*Electoral processes, party politics, and national security.
==People==
===Circa 2014===
====Editor in Chief====
*Leonard Weinberg :Department of Political Science, University of Nevada, Mail Stop #302, Reno, Nevada 89557 
====Co-Editor==== 
*Arie Perliger : Department of Social Sciences & Combating Terrorism Center, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996
====Associate Editor====
*James Richardson - University of Nevada, Reno 
====Editorial Board==== 
*Faisal Al-Rfouh - Gandhi Center for Peace Studies, University of Jordan
*Giovanni Capoccia - Corpus Christi College, Oxford, United Kingdom 
*William Eubank - University of Nevada, Reno 
*Dipak Gupta - San Diego State University, California 
*Mohamed Hafez - Naval Postgraduate School, California 
*Assaf Moghadam - Interdisciplinary Center (IFC), Herzliya, Israel 
*Leonardo Morlino - University of Florence, Italy 
*Peter Neumann - Kings College London, United Kingdom 
*Jerrold Post - George Washington University, Washington, DC 
*David Rapoport - UCLA, California 
*Fernando Reinares - Spanish Ministry of Interior, King Juan Carlos University, Spain
==Contact==
*Website: http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=fdas20
==Notes== 
Category:Terrorism Journal
Democratic Leadership Council

::Regarding foreign policy, the DLC attempted to resurrect the hardline anticommunism of Sen. Henry "Scoop" Jackson but rejected the New Deal politics that Jackson and other traditional "New Deal liberals" embraced. In the late 1980s, DLC Democrats supported aid to the Contras, applauded Reagan's "Evil Empire" rhetoric, and offered their support to those militarists calling for missile defense and rejecting arms control negotiations. While the neoliberals foresaw an end to the Cold War, the DLC still viewed the Soviet Union as an unmitigated threat. Democratic Leadership Council RightWeb profile, accessed 28 May 2008.
==People==
*Harold Ford, Jr Chairman
*Senator Tom Carper Vice-chair
*Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton Chair of the DLC's American Dream Initiative
*Al From Founder and Chief Executive Officer:
*Bruce Reed President
*Paul Weinstein Jr Chief Operating Officer
 
==Contacts, resources and references==
===Contacts===
*Address:
600 Pennsylvania Ave., SE
Suite 400
Washington, DC 20003
*Web: DLC.org (www.dlc.org)
*Phone: (202) 546-0007
*Fax: (202) 544-5002
*Press Email: press@dlc.org
*Membership Email: memberships@dlc.org 
===Resources===
*Democratic leadership Council Sourcewatch profile
*Democratic Leadership Council RightWeb profile
===References===
Democratic Left (Ireland)

Democratic Left was a left political party active primarily in the Republic of Ireland, but also in Northern Ireland between 1992 and 1999. It came into being after a split with the Workers' Party and, after just seven years in existence, it merged into the Irish Labour Party.
==Origins==
Democratic Left was formed after a split in the Workers' Party, which in turn had its origins in the 1970 split between Official Sinn Féin and Provisional Sinn Féin. A large minority of the Workers Party left the party in 1992 after their attempt to amend its constitution (to break all links with the Official IRA and modernise the party's Leninist structures) fell just short of the required two-thirds majority at a special congress. The members who left included the party leader Proinsias De Rossa and five more of the party's seven members of Dáil Éireann (the lower house of the Oireachtas or Irish parliament). The new party they established was provisionally named New Agenda until its founding conference adopted the name Democratic Left. Proinsias De Rossa became leader of the new party.
==Electoral history and participation in government==
The party's first contest was the 1992 UK general election, in which it stood in two Northern Irish constituencies and polled 2,133 votes. The election was fought under the "New Agenda" label.
In the 1992 Irish general election the party lost two of its six Dáil seats, gaining 2.8% of the vote compared to 5% for the pre-split Workers Party in the preceding general election. It subsequently won two seats in by-elections. 
After the collapse of the Fianna Fáil-Labour Party coalition government in 1994, Democratic Left joined the new coalition government with Fine Gael and the Labour Party. Proinsias De Rossa served as Minister for Social Welfare, initiating Ireland's first national anti-poverty strategy.
==Merger with Labour==
In the 1997 general election Democratic Left lost two of its six seats, gaining 2.5% of the vote. In 1999, the Democratic Left merged with the Labour Party. Labour Party leader Ruairí Quinn became leader of the unified party, while De Rossa took up the largely titular position of party president. In 1999 De Rossa successfully contested the European Parliament election in Dublin. He held his Dáil seat until 2002, but did not stand for reelection that year. He successfully held his European Parliament seat in 2004.
In 2002, the former Democratic Left TDs Pat Rabbitte and Liz McManus were elected as Labour Party leader and deputy leader respectively. Of the 20 Labour Party TDs currently in the Dáil, 6 (Pat Rabbitte, Liz McManus, Ciaran Lynch, Sean Sherlock, Eamon Gilmore and Kathleen Lynch) are former members of the Democratic Left. When Rabbite stepped down as Labour leader after the 2007 general election, Gilmore was elected unopposed as his successor.Irish Independent, "Gilmore confirmed as new leader of Labour Party," 06 September 2007, accessed 10 November 2007.
==Resources==
*Irish Independent, "Gilmore confirmed as new leader of Labour Party," 06 September 2007, accessed 10 November 2007.
==Notes==
Category: Political Party
Category: Political Party in Ireland
Democratic Left (UK)

Democratic Left is/was a political party active in Great Britain during the 1990s, growing out of the Eurocommunist strand within the Communist Party of Great Britain and its magazine Marxism Today. It was established in 1991 when the CPGB split and the DL wing changed itself into a left-leaning political multi-issue grassroots campaign group/think-tank based on the party's Manifesto for New Times (1990, Lawrence and Wishart). The first chairperson of the Democratic Left was Nina Temple, the last General secretary of the CPGB. Some members disagreed with this decision and joined the Communist Party of Britain that had broken away from the CPGB in the 1980s, whilst some Scottish members formed the Communist Party of Scotland.
Democratic Left in England and Wales was dissolved in the late 1990s and reformed as the New Politics Network (NPN). In Scotland it continues as Democratic Left Scotland.
==Resources==
==Notes==
Category: Political Party
Category: Political Party in UK
Democratic Unionist Party (Northern Ireland)

Democratic Unionist Party is a conservative unionist political party active in Northern Ireland.
==People==
===Northern Ireland Executive Ministers===
Portfolio 	Name
First Minister 	Peter Robinson MLA
Junior Minister (First Minister Nominated)	Jonathan Bell MLA
Enterprise, Trade and Investment 	Arlene Foster MLA
Health, Social Services & Public Safety 	Edwin Poots MLA
Finance and Personnel 	Sammy Wilson MP MLA
Social Development 	Nelson McCausland MLA
=== Party spokespersons - Westminster ===
Responsibility 	Spokesperson
Business, Innovation and Skills, Communities and Local Government, Education 	David Simpson MP
Cabinet Office, International Development 	Gregory Campbell MP MLA
Energy and Climate Change 	Jeffrey Donaldson MP
Health, Transport, Equality and Human Rights 	Jim Shannon MP
Parliamentary Group Leader, Reform and Constitutional Agenda/Issues, Foreign Affairs, Culture, Media and Sport	Nigel Dodds MP
Treasury 	Sammy Wilson MP MLA
Shadow Leader of the House/House Issues, Justice and Home Affairs, Shadow Deputy Prime Minister 	William McCrea MP
Work and Pensions, Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 	Ian Paisley Jr MP
=== Party spokespersons - Assembly ===
Responsibility 	Spokesperson
Party Leader 	Peter Robinson MLA
Deputy Leader 	Nigel Dodds MP MLA
Agriculture 	Paul Frew MLA
Children and Young People 	Michelle McIlveen MLA
Culture, Arts and Leisure 	Gregory Campbell MLA MP
Education 	Mervyn Storey MLA
Employment and Learning 	Thomas Buchanan MLA
Enterprise, Trade and Investment	Peter Weir MLA
Environment 	Alastair Ross MLA
Health 	Jim Wells MLA
Justice, Press Officer 	Ian Paisley, Jr MP
Social Development 	Simon Hamilton MLA
==Contact==
:Website:
:http://www.dup.org.uk
==Resources==
==Notes==
Category: Political Party in UK
Category: European Political Party
Category:Northern Ireland
Category:DUP
Demonstration elections

Demonstration elections are "free elections" as a tool of public relations.
:Elections have been used by the United States as an instrument of management in Third World client states since the turn of the century. The functions which they have served, however, have changed in accordance with the shifting demands placed upon the managers. The aim in holding such elections has always been to ensure 'stability'. In the first half of this century the threat to stability came almost exclusively from within the client states, which were subject to internal turmoil and thus threatened with a loss of 'independence.' In recent decades, serious challenges have arisen from within the United States itself. It is this shift in functional need that has led to the emergence of elections oriented to influencing the home (U.S.) population, which we designate 'demonstration elections.'
:— Edward S. Herman and Frank Brodhead, Demonstration Elections: U.S.-staged elections in the Dominican Republic, Vietnam, and El Salvador, South End Press, 1984, p. 1.
== Media participation ==
:A demonstration election depends largely on the cooperation of the mainstream media. The patriotic media's role is to include in its reporting certain information or visuals while excluding others. For example, off the media agenda are discussions of the right of government opponents to campaign (without being killed); the absence of large-scale financing of favored candidates by foreign governments or patrons; the presence of meaningful freedoms of speech, the press, and assembly; the ability of voters to cast their ballots freely and safely without intimidation by domestic or foreign military forces or "death squads"; the existence of a truly secret ballot; an honest counting of the ballots; and the assurance that the person who gets the most votes will win the election. On the agenda for a patriotic mass media are primarily election-day items: a large turnout (indicating voter support for the election itself and thus identifying the election with "democracy"); statements by political leaders and "ordinary people" that they are voting because they want freedom; and ineffective opposition to the election, perhaps even military attacks, by opponents of the government. (In an election that the United States opposes, such as the Nicaragua election in 1984, the media's priorities are reversed: on the agenda is the question of the pre-requisites of democracy; meaningless and thus off the agenda are the election-day events, the long lines of voters, etc.)— Frank Brodhead, Reframing the Iraq Election, Znet, January 21, 2005.
== Organizations or agents often involved with Demonstration Elections ==
*NED
*IRI
*Carter Center
*NDI
*Open Society Institute
*Westminster Foundation for Democracy
==SpinProfile resources==
* Iraqi national elections
==External resources==
*Frank Brodhead, Reframing the Iraq Election, Znet, January 21, 2005.
*Edward Herman, "The Election In Iraq: The U.S. Propaganda System Is Still Working In High Gear", ZNet, 13 February 2005.