nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
CFTC Division of Clearing and Risk

The Division of Clearing and Risk (DCR) is a key division of the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) responsible for overseeing the clearing process in derivatives markets. The DCR's primary focus is on derivatives clearing organizations (DCOs) and other market participants involved in clearing activities.
Responsibilities
The DCR's oversight extends to various market participants, including:
* Derivatives Clearing Organizations (DCOs)
* Futures Commission Merchants (FCMs)
* Swap Dealers
* Major Swap Participants
* Large Traders
The division is tasked with ensuring the safety and efficiency of the clearing process, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity and stability of the derivatives markets.
== Functions ==
The DCR plays a critical role in several aspects of the clearing ecosystem:
# Oversight of DCOs: The division supervises DCOs to ensure compliance with CFTC regulations and the CEA.
# Risk Management: DCR conducts daily risk surveillance to identify, quantify, and monitor risks posed by and to DCOs, clearing members, and their clients.
# Clearing Member Supervision: The division oversees FCMs and other clearing members to ensure they meet financial and operational standards.
# Large Trader Monitoring: DCR monitors positions in futures, options on futures, and swaps cleared by DCOs to assess potential risks to the clearing system.
# International Coordination: The division participates in and sometimes leads international regulatory initiatives to establish standards for clearinghouses and harmonize regulatory activities globally.
== Importance ==
The DCR plays a critical role in the CFTC's mission to foster open, transparent, competitive, and financially sound markets. By overseeing the clearing process, the division helps mitigate systemic risk in the derivatives markets and promotes market integrity.
=== Digital Asset Clearing ===
In recent years, the DCR has also focused on the risks associated with clearing digital asset products. In May 2023, the division issued an advisory emphasizing the need for DCOs to exercise caution due to increased operational and cybersecurity risks related to clearing digital assets. The advisory highlighted the importance of system safeguards, conflict of interest management, and physical settlement procedures for digital asset clearing.
==Leadership==
* Malcolm Clark Hutchison III, Director
== References ==
Category:Regulatory Organizations
Category:U.S. Government Organizations
Category:U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
Category:Clearing Organizations
CFTC Division of Economic Analysis

The Division of Economic Analysis (DEA) was a critical component of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), tasked with ensuring that futures markets operate competitively, free of manipulation or congestion, and serve the risk-shifting and price-discovery needs of the U.S. and global economies. The DEA focused on market analysis, market surveillance, and market research to fulfill its mission. It was eliminated in 2002 when its responsibilities were integrated into other divisions within the CFTC, reflecting a reorganization aimed at streamlining operations and adapting to evolving market needs.
== Functions and Responsibilities ==
#Market Analysis: The market analysis section reviewed applications to trade futures or option contracts and evaluated subsequent rule changes. This process ensured that contracts are designed to prevent market disruptions and manipulation. The staff assessed the commercial usefulness of contracts for hedging and price basing, considering public interest and regulatory requirements. In FY 1998, the DEA completed economic reviews of 27 new futures contracts, 31 new option contracts, and 141 rule amendment proposals for existing contracts.
#Market Surveillance: The DEA's market surveillance program was designed to protect the price discovery and hedging functions of futures and options markets. It aimed to prevent price manipulation and market congestion. The program involved continuous monitoring of market activities to detect and address irregularities that could impact market integrity.
#Market Research: The market research staff conducted studies on economic issues related to futures and options markets. This included examining grain delivery movements, repurchase agreements, and forward rate agreements. The research supported the Commission's regulatory reviews and provides educational information to market participants and regulators.
== Notable Activities and Achievements ==
*Delivery Point Specifications for Corn and Soybean Futures Contracts: In FY 1998, the DEA completed its economic analyses of the delivery point specifications for corn and soybean futures contracts. This involved reviewing and amending exchange rules to prevent price manipulation and market congestion.
*Hedge-to-Arrive Contracts: The DEA issued Statements of Policy and Guidance regarding "Hedge-to-Arrive" contracts, addressing the risk implications and providing certainty to producers and elevators about the status of these contracts under the Commodity Exchange Act.
== References ==
Category:Regulation
Category:CFTC Divisions
Category:CFTC
CFTC Fraud Advisories

The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission has issued numerous fraud warnings to the public. The list of advisories includes Commodity Pool Fraud, Foreign Currency (Forex) Fraud, CFTC Brochure on Forex Fraud (PDF or HTML), Foreign Exchange Currency Fraud: CFTC/NASAA Investor Alert, Precious Metals Fraud, Commodity Trading Systems Sold on the Internet, Profits Based on Hurricane Katrina, Profits Based on Seasonal Demand or Other Well-known Public Information, Profits from the War on Terrorism and Phony Futures and Options Websites.
== References ==
Category:CFTC
Category:Regulatory Advisories
CFTC Market Reports

The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commissionn releases several reports on a weekly, monthly or annual basis to provide information to market participants and the public about activity in the futures and options markets. The reports include Commitments of Traders, Cotton On-Call, Bank Participation in the Futures and Options Markets, CUSIPS Delivered for CBOT Treasury Futures Contracts (maintained by the CME Group), Financial Data for Futures Commission Merchants and Futures Industry Registrants by Location.
 
== Commitments of Traders ==
These reports are released each Friday at 3:30 p.m. and provide a breakdown of each Tuesday's open interest for markets in which 20 or more traders hold positions equal to or above the reporting levels established by the CFTC.
== Cotton On-Call ==
This weekly reportis released each Thursday after 3:30 p.m. and provides “on-call” positions in spot cotton based on New York Cotton futures reported by merchants in special account status as of the preceding Friday.
== Bank Participation in the Futures and Options Markets ==
These monthly reports list U.S. and foreign banks active in the futures and option contract markets.
== CUSIPS Delivered for CBOT Treasury Futures Contracts (maintained by Chicago Board of Trade) ==
Delivery may occur on any business day during the delivery month, as defined by Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) rules. All bonds or notes delivered against a single contract are usually the cheapest-to-deliver (CTD) issue in the contract’s deliverable basket of securities.
== Financial Data for Futures Commission Merchants ==
Selected financial information from the monthly financial reports that futures commission merchants file with the CFTC.
== Futures Industry Registrants by Location ==
This annual report shows the number of futures industry registrants in each registration category, by state.
== References ==
Category:CFTC
Category:CFTC Reports
CFTC Office of Customer Outreach and Education

The Office of Customer Outreach and Education is a division of the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) dedicated to educating and informing the public about the derivatives markets and the CFTC's regulatory role.
== Purpose and Functions ==
The primary objectives of the Office of Customer Outreach and Education include:
* Developing educational materials about futures and options markets
* Organizing outreach events and programs
* Providing resources to help consumers avoid fraud and make informed decisions
* Collaborating with other regulatory agencies and organizations on financial literacy initiatives
== Key Initiatives ==
The office manages several initiatives aimed at enhancing public understanding of the derivatives markets:
* SmartCheck: A campaign that encourages investors to research the background of financial professionals before investing
* Fraud Awareness: Programs designed to help the public recognize and avoid common financial frauds and scams
* Market Education: Resources explaining the basics of futures, options, and other derivatives
== Outreach Activities ==
The office conducts various outreach activities, including:
* Webinars and in-person seminars
* Participation in industry conferences and events
* Collaboration with academic institutions and consumer protection organizations
* Resolve to Spot Scams in 2025 Says a New CFTC Customer Advisory 
== Resources ==
The Office of Customer Outreach and Education provides a range of resources on the CFTC website, including:
* Educational brochures and fact sheets
* Video tutorials
* Interactive tools for market participants and consumers
== Leadership ==
* Melanie T. Devoe, Director
== References ==
Category:Regulatory Organizations
Category:U.S. Government Organizations
Category:U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
Category:Financial Literacy
Category:Fraud Awareness
Category:MarketsWiki Education
CFTC Office of International Affairs

The Office of International Affairs (OIA) is a division of the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) responsible for coordinating the CFTC's international efforts and representing the agency in global regulatory matters.
== Functions ==
The OIA performs several key functions:
# Advises the Commission on international regulatory initiatives and policies.
# Represents the CFTC in international forums such as the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO), OTC Derivatives Working Group, and OTC Derivatives Regulators Group.
# Coordinates Commission policy related to initiatives of major foreign jurisdictions, the G20, Financial Stability Board, and U.S. Treasury Department.
# Negotiates cooperative arrangements with foreign regulatory authorities.
# Provides technical assistance to foreign market authorities, including advice, training, and organizing an annual meeting and symposium.
== International Engagement ==
The OIA plays a crucial role in the CFTC's efforts to promote global regulatory harmony and mitigate the fragmentation of the derivatives marketplace. It works to ensure that international initiatives align with CFTC rules and policies while facilitating cross-border cooperation and information sharing.
== Budget and Resources ==
For the fiscal year 2025, the OIA has requested a budget of $8,546,859 and 19 full-time equivalents (FTEs). This represents an increase from the FY 2023 enacted budget of $6,332,648 and 16 FTEs, reflecting the growing importance of international coordination in derivatives regulation.
== References ==
Category:Regulatory Organizations
Category:U.S. Government Organizations
Category:U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
CFTC Reauthorization Act of 2008

The CFTC Reauthorization Act of 2008 is an act that passed Congress in early 2008 as part of the Farm Bill. It adopted the Commission’s recommendations to expand the CFTC’s regulatory authority over Exempt Commercial Markets (ECM)s.
Specifically, the CFTC Reauthorization Act of 2008 significantly expanded the CFTC’s regulatory authority over ECMs by creating a new regulatory category - ECMs - with Significant Price Discovery Contracts (SPDCs) — and subjecting the electronic trading facilities to additional regulatory and reporting requirements.
== References ==
Category:Legislation
Category:CFTC
CFTC SmartCheck

CFTC SmartCheck is an educational initiative launched by the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) in 2014 to help investors and traders protect themselves from fraud and make informed decisions in the derivatives markets. The program is managed by the CFTC's Office of Customer Education and Outreach. 
== Purpose and Features ==
The primary goal of CFTC SmartCheck is to provide the public with tools and resources to:
# Research the credentials of financial professionals
# Uncover past disciplinary histories
# Stay informed about potential scams and fraudulent activities
SmartCheck.gov, the initiative's website, offers various features including:
# Background check tools for financial professionals
# Educational resources on fraud prevention
# News and alerts about emerging scams
# Direct reporting mechanism for suspicious activities
== Key Components ==
=== Registration Check ===
SmartCheck allows users to verify if a financial professional or firm is registered with the CFTC or other regulatory bodies. This is a crucial step in avoiding unregistered entities that may be operating fraudulently.
The SmartCheck system aggregates other sources for background information on brokers, firms and money managers, including the NFA’s BASIC, FINRA’s BrokerCheck and the SEC’s EDGAR databases, as well as the CFTC’s own disciplinary history repository. The checklist also provides an internet search box (tied to Bing) and directs users to conduct a search of individuals and firms with which they are considering a business relationship.
Before SmartCheck, consumers had to consult a variety of databases from different government and self-regulatory organizations to conduct a thorough background check of financial professionals.
=== Disciplinary History ===
The platform provides access to records of past disciplinary actions against financial professionals, helping investors make informed decisions about whom to trust with their investments.
=== RED List ===
CFTC SmartCheck includes the Registration Deficient (RED) List, which identifies unregistered foreign entities that the CFTC believes are illegally soliciting U.S. residents for trading in binary options or foreign currency.
=== Educational Resources ===
The initiative offers a variety of educational materials, including videos, articles, and interactive tools designed to help investors understand the risks associated with derivatives trading and how to spot potential fraud.
=== Impact and Outreach ===
CFTC SmartCheck has become a central component of the CFTC's efforts to protect the public through fraud prevention and investor education. The initiative maintains an active presence on social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter to extend its reach and provide timely updates to the public.
== References ==
Category:U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
Category:Regulatory Organizations
Category:U.S. Government Organizations
Category:U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
Category:Education
CFTC Subcommittee on Convergence in Agricultural Commodity Markets

The Subcommitte on Convergence in Agricultural Commodity Markets is a new subcommittee of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission's Agricultural Advisory Committee. The purpose of the subcommittee is to identify the causes of poor cash-futures convergence in certain agricultural commodity markets. They will also be asked to advise on a remedy for the situation. 
CFTC Chief Economist Jeffrey Harris will chair the subcommittee, which will report its findings and recommendations to the CFTC Agricultural Advisory Committee.
== Subcommittee Members ==
*Kyle P. Baltz, Agricultural Retailers Association, Arkansas Farm Bureau, USA Rice Federation
*Matt Bruns, National Grain and Feed Association
*Rick Cole, North American Millers’ Association
*James D. Facente, Minneapolis Grain Exchange
*Thomas W. Farley, Intercontinental Exchange
*Jeff Hainline, Missouri Agribusiness Association
*Matthew Jansen, ADM Group, Commodity Markets Council
*Thomas J. Kersting, South Dakota Soybean Processors
*Dave Lehman, CME Group
*Kevin McNew, Montana Grain Growers Association
*John H. Miller, BNSF Railway
*Joseph T. Nicosia, American Cotton Shippers Association
*Vince Peterson, National Association of Wheat Growers 
*Mike Ricks, Cargill
*Michael D. Walter, Commodity Markets Council
*Aaron Weigand, Bunge
*Steve Wellman, American Soybean Association
*Doug Yoder, Illinois Farm Bureau
== References ==
Category:CFTC Committees
Category:U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
CFTC Technology Advisory Committee

The CFTC Technology Advisory Committee is a discretionary or advisory committee for the agency, which is focused on various issues of technology in the futures industry and their impact. The committee, which was re-established in June 2010 and renewed in June of 2012 holds meetings on various technology topics and makes recommendations to the CFTC. The committee looks at the new technologies used by exchanges as well as by participants and provides advice to the commission on the appropriate level of investment in technology needed by the CFTC to monitor such advances. 
==History==
The Technology Advisory Committee was originally founded in 1999, however, its registration and usage dropped over the following years. In June 2010, the committee was reinstated after no meetings were held for five years prior. 
Upon reorganization, the TAC began meeting several times a year to discuss emerging and continuing technology trends and issues affecting market participants. Major topics in 2013 included technology implications of the Dodd-Frank Act and algorithmic and high-frequency trading. 
The CFTC met with the TAC after the publication of the Concept Release on Automated Trading in September 2013. 
Its agenda items as of 2016 include Regulation AT, swap data standardization and harmonization, cybersecurity and the potential of blockchain and distributed ledger technology to the derivatives market.
== Members of TAC ==
*Paul Chou, CEO, LedgerX
*Marisol Collazo, CEO, DTCC Data Repository 
*Gary DeWaal, special counsel, Katten Muchin Rosenman LLP
*Bryan Durkin, chief commercial officer, CME Group
*Evelyn Fuhrer, Promontory Financial Group
*Richard Gorelick, CEO, RGM Advisors, LLC
*Christopher Hehmeyer, Vice-Chairman of the Board, National Futures Association
*Jeffrey Jennings, managing director, Credit Suisse
*Steven A. Joachim, Executive Vice President of Transparency Services Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA)
*Pierre Lamy, managing director, Goldman Sachs
*Brad Levy, CEO, MarkitSERV
*Justing Llewellyn-Jones, COO and global head of derivatives, Fidessa
*Clifford Lewis, independent director, Eris Exchange
*John Lothian, CEO, John J. Lothian & Company
*Ben MacDonald, President, Bloomberg SEF and Bloomberg SDRBloomberg LP
*Lee Olesky, CEO, Tradeweb
*Larry Tabb, CEO, TABB Group
*Marshall Terry, COO and chief compliance officer, Rotation Capital Management
*Jeffrey Trahan, Deere & Company
*Supurna VedBrat, managing director, BlackRock
*Charles A. Vice, President and COO, Intercontinental Exchange
== TAC Meeting Webcasts ==
September 12, 2013
Agenda items: 
*Swap data reporting
*CFTC Concept Release on Automated Trading
*Swap Execution Facilities, Made Available to Trade Provision
Part 1
<videoflash>wuumPDcjwag&feature</videoflash>
Part 2
<videoflash>J3zXPUBZ5zU&feature</videoflash>
== References ==
Category:CFTC
Category:Definitions
Category:MarketsWiki Page of the Day
CIBC World Markets

CIBC World Markets Inc. is the wholesale banking arm of CIBC, a North American financial institution based in Canada. The company provides a range of integrated credit and capital markets products, investment banking and merchant banking to global markets. 
== History ==
The Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC) was formed by the largest merger of two chartered banks in Canadian history. It occurred on June 1, 1961 between The Canadian Bank of Commerce (established 1867) and the Imperial Bank of Canada (established 1875).
== Products and Services ==
CIBC World Markets' products include credit and capital market products, investment banking, and merchant banking. CIBC is the Canadian leader in M&A advisory across a wide range of industries, as well as a leader in equity underwriting and structured products. 
CIBC offers capital solutions and research to their corporate, government, and institutional clients.
== Key People ==
*Richard Nesbitt, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
*Geoffrey Belsher, Managing Director and Global Head, Investment Banking
*Gary W. Brown, Managing Director and Head, Risk World Markets, Head of the US Region, and President & CEO
*Robert Cormie, Head of Asia Pacific Region, Managing Director of CIBC World Markets Asia, Managing Director of Retail Distribution Asia 
*Harry Culham, Managing Director and Head of Capital Markets Trading
*Laura Dottori-Attanasio, Managing Director and Global Head of Corporate Credit Products
*Warren Gilman, Vice Chairman, Chairman and CEO of CEF Holdings Limited
*Michael P. Higgins, Managing Director and Head of U.S. Real Estate Finance
*Edward P. H. Nash, Managing Director and Head of Strategic Merchant Banking
*Rik Parkhill, Managing Director and Global Head of Cash Equities
*Scott Wilson, Managing Director and Head for the European Region
*Scott Bere, Managing Director and Chief Investment Officer
*Christian Exshaw, Managing Director and Head of Global Derivatives and Distribution
== References ==
CIT Group

CIT Group is one of the U.S.'s largest small-business lenders, funding about 1 million businesses. According to CIT, it is the third-largest U.S. railcar-leasing firm and the world’s third-biggest aircraft financier. It also finances trade in Canada, Europe and Asia by lending to small manufacturers that sell to retailers. 
The group filed for bankruptcy on Sunday, November 1, 2009 in a restructuring intended to keep it from going out of business. 
The company had run up $10 billion in debt following a failed debt exchange and a bailout from the U.S. government. CIT listed $71 billion in assets and $64.9 billion in liabilities in its Chapter 11 petition. 
== History ==
CIT Group was founded by Henry Ittleson in 1908, originally as Commercial Credit and Investment Company. It was headquartered in St. Louis until the company's move to New York City in 1915. It also changed its name to "Commercial Investment Trust" and identified with the initials "C.I.T." 
In 1986, the company changed its name to The CIT Group. 
== Products and Services ==
== Key People ==
John Thain, the former CEO of NYSE Euronext and Merrill Lynch, became chief executive of CIT Group in February of 2010 and led the company's turnaround. He will retire on March 31, 2016 as the firm continues on its path toward becoming a full-fledged commercial bank. Thain will be succeeded by Ellen R. Alemany, a CIT board member who previously led the Royal Bank of Scotland’s businesses in the Americas and also held various titles at Citigroup. Thain will stay on as chairman, however. ,
== References ==
Category:Lending Companies
CLAM (CLAM)

CLAM claims to be the "most fairly distributed cryptocurrency." The CLAMs network was created when CLAMs were sent to all active users of the 3 most popular digital currencies, bitcoin, Litecoin and Dogecoin on May 12, 2014." 
It has a relatively small market capitalization of about $18 million as of June 7, 2019, according to figures from CoinMarketCap, an online cryptocurrency industry data aggregator. 
CLAMs received unwelcome attention when its price collapsed on May 26, 2019, causing at least $13 million in losses from margin trading on Poloniex. 
==References==
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
CLSA's BlocSec

BlocSec is the first Asian dark pool to cater to both the buy side and the sell side. It was launched by CLSA Asia-Pacific Markets on May 15, 2008, and offers block trading services in Hong Kong in addition to Singapore and Japan. 
Clients can connect from their existing OMS using FIX, via the Bloomberg EMS or using BlocSec's web-based application front-end.
== References ==
Category:Dark Pools