nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Dowsil 795 Silicone Sealant

==Description==
[Dow Corporation] A one-part, neutral-cure silicone material used as an adhesive/sealant. DOWSIL™ 795 cures to medium modulus silicone rubber upon exposure to atmospheric moisture. This room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone was introduced in 1960. It has typically been used for case manufacturing in case construction and sometimes mount fabrication. Designed for setting glass in mounting systems while allowing for some movement of the glass within the structure.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Silicone elastomer adhesive; silicone elastomer; room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone
==Applications==
* Building sealant/adhesive
* Metal-to-metal bonding
* Glass-to-metal bonding
* Glass-to-wood bonding
* Metal-to-wood bonding
==Personal Risks==
Wear eye, hands, and respiratory protection.
SDS: sheets
==Collection Risks==
Literature indicates the sealant has no significant volatile components. Some silicones have curing byproducts of ethanol, peroxides or ketones. Risk to museum collections could occur if an object comes in contact with the sealant causing possible staining or adhesion (if not fully cured).
== Physical and Chemical Properties == 
Excellent weatherability virtually unaffected by sunlight, rain, snow, ozone and temperature extremes of -40°F (-40°C) to 300°F (149°C).
After curing 21 days:
* Hardness (Shore A) = 35
* Peel strength = 32 lb/in (5.7 kg/cm)
* Tension adhesion strength (at 25% extension) = 45 psi (0.310 mPa)
* Joint movement capacity = +/- 50%
==Working Properties==
Curing time depends upon humidity and it will initially cure quickly, but the full cure can take a long time. In 50% relative humidity:
* Working time = 20-30 minutes
* Tack-free to touch = 3 hours
* Curing for handling = 7-14 days
* Full adhesion = 14-21 days 
The high flexibility of the cured sealant (+/- 50% joint movement) limits its ability to produce a sealed case with a low air exchange rate. The sealant can be difficult to work with and keep everything clean. Shelf life is listed as 360 days.
==Forms and Sizes==
* Colors: 15 standard colors including: Black, white, gray, dusty rose, charcoal, spruce, etc. Can be ordered to match any substrate.
* Supplied as:
# 10.3 fl oz. (305 mL) disposable plastic cartridges that fit ordinary caulking guns
# 20 fl oz. (590 mL) sausages 
# 2 and 4.5-gal (7.5 and 17 L) bulk containers
== Resources and Citations ==
* Dow Corporation: technical data sheet
* Dow Corporation: product sheet
* Skeist, Irving, Handbook of adhesives, second edition.Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, 1977
* Comyn, John, Adhesion Science, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1997
* Pam Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype Press, London, 2002
Category:Materials databaseCategory:MWGCategory:CaulksCategory: Sealant: Silicone-based
Drafting paper

== Description ==
A high grade of drawing paper. Drafting paper has a smooth, hard surface that permits numerous erasures without marring its appearance. It is typically hard-sized and coated. Drafting paper may be used for ink and pencil work. 
See also linen paper
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
drawing paper; drafting cloth
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 575
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
Category:Materials database
Dragon's blood

== Description ==
A transparent, red, resinous exudation from the fruit of several types of palms found in southeast Asia (Calamus draco, Daemonorops draco, Daemonorops propinquus, Dracaena draco and Dracaena cinnabari) and South America (Pterocarpus draco). Dragon's blood is available as red sticks, cakes, or as a powder. The primary red coloring component is dracorubin. It evolves benzoic acid when heated. Dragon's blood was traded as early as Roman times. It was used as a red colorant in medieval manuscript illuminations. Dragon's blood has been used to stain varnishes for violins and as a colorant for plaster, marble, and paints. The resin has also been used as a resist in photoengraving to protect zinc plates from acid. The red color is fugitive when exposed to light and air, but may be partially protected by a resin film layer.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Daemonorops draco; Daemonorops propinquus; Dracaena cinnabari; Dracaena draco (dragon tree); Natural Red 31; CI 75200 (Draccorubin); CI 75210 (Dracorhodin); sangre de drago (Esp.); Drachenblut (Deut.); sang-dragon (Fr.); aima toy drakoy (Gr.); sangue di drago (It.); drakenbloed (Ned.); sangue de dragão (Port.); cinnabaris (Pliny); dragon blood (sp); dragons blood (sp); dragonsblood (sp); Calamus draco
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|f150sem.jpg~SEM|f150edsbw.jpg~EDS]]]
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
* Soluble in ethanol, ethers, and oils. 
* Insoluble in water, mineral spirits and turpentine.
* Melting Point = 120 C
== Additional Images ==
File:dragon's blood_1.jpg|Lump of dragon's blood
File:dragon C100x.jpg|Dragon's blood at 100x (visible light left; UV light right)
==Resources and Citations==
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986
* R.D. Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
* Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "dragon's blood." accessed 7 Apr. 2005 .
* The Dictionary of Art, Grove's Dictionaries Inc., New York, 1996 Comment: "Pigments"
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragon%27s_blood (Accessed Jan. 25, 2006)
* "Violin Varnish Glossary" at www.violins.on.ca/luthier.vargloss.html
* Website: www.fw.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/main.htm (accessed Oct. 3, 2005)
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 Comment: lists 'cinnaharis' as synonym
Category:Materials database
Dragon's fur

== Description ==
A nonwoven textile composed of Teflon® fibers. Dragon's fur was given its name because of its high chemical resistance. It is used for filtering hot strong acids and alkalis.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Teflon® felt [American Felt]
== Resources and Citations ==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971
Category:Materials database
Drainage

== Description ==
Removal of surface or sub-surface water from an area, either naturally or artificially. Drainage methods are used worldwide to reclaim wet, swampy, or marshy regions. Methods to drain a region include grading, increased soil percolation, drain pipes, or pumping. Geotextiles are often used to prevent erosion of fine particles.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
land drainage; water drainage; runoff; soil percolation
==Resources and Citations==
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drainage (Accessed Mar. 1, 2006)
Category:Materials database
Drainage fabric

== Description ==
A natural or synthetic fabric used as a geotextile to mechanically aid in the optimization of water drainage systems. A drainage fabric, such as burlap, is used to restrict movement of dirt and stones while permitting water to pass. It may be installed around a drain pipe to prevent soil from entering the system or it may be installed on a slope to minimize erosion.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
manta drenante (Port.); geotextile
==Resources and Citations==
* Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
Category:Materials database
Drawing paper

== Description ==
A high quality, heavy paper used for drawing. Drawing paper may be erased without destroying its appearance. Some drawing papers have a high rag content, but most are made from chemically refined pulp. Drawing paper is hard-sized and coated. The surface may either be rough or smooth depending on its intended use for charcoal, pencil, crayon, pastel, or ink drawing.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
drafting paper; charcoal paper; sketching paper; papier à dessin (Fr.)
==Resources and Citations==
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 575
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986
* Book and Paper Group, Paper Conservation Catalog, AIC, 1984, 1989
* The Dictionary of Paper, American Paper Institute, New York, Fourth Edition, 1980
* E.J.LaBarre, Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Paper-making, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 1969
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database
Drawn yarn

== Description ==
A synthetic filament that is stretched after the extrusion process. This process orients the polymer molecules in the direction of the filament axis and thereby making the fiber more elastic.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
drawn work; drawn-thread work; drawnwork = ajourwerk (Ned);
==Resources and Citations==
* Rosalie Rosso King, Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985
Category:Materials database
Dreft

== Description ==
[Proctor & Gamble] A brand name for the first commercially available synthetic household laundry detergent. Dreft, introduced in 1933, is primarily composed of a fatty alcohol sulfonate. It was more expensive than soap, but wquickly became popular in hard-water areas. The current version of the powdered soap also contains water-softeners and a color-safe bleach (sodium perborate) along with a whitener, colorant and perfume.
Category:Materials database
Dri-die

== Description ==
[W.R.Grace] A brand name for an insecticide primarily composed of amorphous silica. On contact or ingestion, Dri-die powder kills insects by physical dehydration. It is commonly used in the B & S (boric acid and silica) treatment to kill cockroaches.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
B & S (boric acid and silica); B + S
==Resources and Citations==
* Lynda A. Zycherman, J.Richard Schrock, A Guide to Museum Pest Control, FAIC and Association of Systematics Collections, Washington DC, 1988
* Marie Svoboda, Conservation Survey Index, unpublished, 1997
Category:Materials database
DriFilm 104

== Description ==
[GE] A brand name for a solution of a partially prepolymerized alkoxy silane. DriFilm 104 has been mixed with Paraloid B-72 then used as a consolidant for stone (Charola et al 1986). A mixture containing 10 parts DriFilm 104 (70% solution in organic solvents) with 10 parts Paraloid B-72 (30% solution in xylene/toluene) is called a Bologna cocktail.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Bologna cocktail
==Resources and Citations==
* A. Charola, A. Tucci, R. Koestler, "On the Reversibility of Treatments with Acrylic/Silicone Resin Mixtures", JAIC, 25:83-92, 1986.
* George Wheeler paper at www.b72.com/objects/stone/consolidants.html (accessed Aug. 1998)
Category:Materials database
Drierite

== Description ==
[W.A.Hammond Drierite Co.] A registered trademark for a product composed of granular anhydrous calcium sulfate. Drierite® is an effective absorbent for both liquid and vapor-phase water. Drierite® may be regenerated numerous times by oven drying. One commercial form, Drierite® F-6, contains cobaltous chloride as a moisture indicator where the anhydrous form is blue and the hydrated form is pink.
==Risks==
* Drierite: SDS
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* CAS: 7778-18-9,1317-65-3 
* Molecular Formula: CaO4S 
* Molecular Weight (g/mol): 136.134
* Drierite: regeneration
==Forms and Sizes==
* Granular forms: powder, 200 mesh, 20-40 mesh, 10-20 mesh, 8 mesh, 6 mesh, and 4 mesh granules. ("Mesh" = number of granules per inch.) 
==Resources and Citations==
Drierite: Website
Category:Materials database
Drill (textile)

== Description ==
A strong, durable, twill-weave textile made of cotton, linen, or hemp. Drill fabric is used for work clothes, trousers, skirts, uniforms, outdoor furniture, awnings, and protective coverings for machinery. Tan-color drill is called khaki.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
khaki; dril (Esp.); terliz (Esp.); dril (Ned); coutil (Fr);
== Resources and Citations ==
* Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
* Edward Reich, Carlton J. Siegler, Consumer Goods: How to Know and Use Them, American Book Company, New York City, 1937
Category:Materials database
Drione

== Description ==
A brand name for an insecticide composed of 1% pyrethrins and 10% piperonyl butoxide in a 40% silica gel base. Drione is a toxic mixture that also acts as a desiccant for the insects. It is primarily used on dry wood termites although it is often difficult to place the insecticide within the location of the colony.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Dridone (sp); Drione Dust; Drione insecticide
== Risks ==
* Low human toxicity.
* Always wear protective eye goggles, rubber gloves and a face mask when using Drione Dust.
* Do not allow food contact.
==Resources and Citations==
* Drione Dust: Insecticide powder
* Marie Svoboda, Conservation Survey Index, unpublished, 1997
Category:Materials database
Drop black

== Description ==
A black pigment commercially sold as pellets. Drop black was prepared from burnt animal bones mixed with water and glue then formed into lumps or drops. It was commonly used in the 18th and 19th century for house paints. See bone black
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Frankfort black: German black; animal black; bone black; Pigment Black 9; CI 77267
==Resources and Citations==
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
Category:Materials database
Drugstore beetle

== Description ==
A dark, reddish-brown beetle, Stegobium paniceum. The drugstore beetle larvae specializes in eating leather and adjacent textiles. They will also eat botanical specimens, seeds, spices, stored food, books, cork, and mummies. The adult insects are about 2 to 4 millimeters long. Females lay about 75 eggs that hatch in 7 to 12 days. The larvae, which feed on protein based materials, have a white c-shaped body growing up to 4 mm in length. The larval stage lasts 4-20 weeks at which point a cocoon is formed. The adult hatches in 1-3 weeks and lives up to 65 days. Stegobinone has been identified as an effective sex pheromone.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Stegobium paniceum; biscuit beetle (Br.)
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
Distribution: worldwide, most abundant in temperate regions
== Additional Images ==
File:5190082_Drugstore.beetle_overall.jpg|Drugstore beetle
File:5190083_Drugstore.beetle_side.jpg|Drugstore beetle
==Resources and Citations==
* MuseumPests.net: Drugstore Beetle
* Lynda A. Zycherman, J.Richard Schrock, A Guide to Museum Pest Control, FAIC and Association of Systematics Collections, Washington DC, 1988 Comment: Larval stage = 5-7 weeks
* University of Florida, Department of Entomology and Nematology: Drugstore beetle (accessed June 2014) Larval stage = 4-20 weeks
* Rosalie Rosso King, Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985
Category:Materials database
Dry cleaning

== Description ==
Dry cleaning involves the removal of dirt and stains from a substrate without the use of aqueous solutions. Papers and textiles that contain water-sensitive dyes and paints may need to be dry cleaned. Some examples of dry cleaning materials are: 
1) Stoddard solvent - a flammable petroleum distillate 
2) Chlorinated hydrocarbons- such as tetrachloroethylene 
3) Vaclene [DuPont] - a fluorinated chlorinated hydrocarbon 
4) Fuller's earth - a powdered clay which absorbs oils and grease 
5) Sodium bicarbonate, magnesium carbonate 
6) Draft clean [GH Smith] - powdered rubber and other types of erasers 
7) Design Artgum eraser - a vulcanized vegetable oil eraser absorbs dirt.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
dry cleaning materials; dyr cleaners; chemische Reinigung; nettoyage à sec (Fr.); limpeza a seco (Port.)
== Resources and Citations ==
* Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
* Rosalie Rosso King, Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985
* Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986
Category:Materials database
Dry ice

== Description ==
A former trademark for solid carbon dioxide that is now in general use. Dry ice is a term coined by Prest Air Devices in 1925. At room temperature, solid carbon dioxide, does not melt, but rather sublimes in gaseous carbon dioxide. It is used for refrigeration of food and biological samples. It is also used in fog machines for special effects. Tiny pellets of dry ice have been used as a sandblast material.
== Risks ==
* Extremely cold. Contact will cause burns.
* Gas formation in a closed space may cause suffocation.
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
* CO2 gas is heavier than air and will sink to the floor.
* Melting Point = -78.5 C
==Resources and Citations==
* Dry Ice Information: Dryiceinfo.com
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide (Accessed Dec. 9, 2005)
* Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
Category:Materials database
Dry objective

== Description ==
A microscope objective that may be used without immersion oils.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Trockenobjektiv (Deut.); objectif à sec (Fr.);
==Resources and Citations==
* ASTM, Standard Terminology of Microscopy, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Section 14, General Methods and Instrumentation, ASTM, E175, 75-78, May 1982
Category:Materials database
Dry process fiberboard

== Description ==
A process for forming hardboards that was developed in the early 1950s. In the dry process, the fibers were broken apart with steam and water baths. However, once, the fibers are separated they are dried first, then pressed into a rigid board using extremely high pressures. This technique produces a board that is smooth on both sides and reduces waste liquors significantly. However, the dry fibers lack natural cohesion, so synthetic adhesives are added to improve strength. Dry process fiberboard is often made from recycled paper with adhesives, ink and other residues from the original products (Hatchfield 2002). 
See also wet process fiberboard.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
hardboard; aglomerado de fibras obtido por via seca (Port.)
==Resources and Citations==
* C. Gould, K. Konrad, K. Milley, R. Gallagher, "Fiberboard", in Twentieth-Century Building Materials, T. Jester (ed.), McGraw-Hill: New York, 1995. 
* P.Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype Press, London, 2002.
Category:Materials database
Dry rot

== Description ==
A fungus, usually Serpula lacrymans (formerly known as Merulius lacrymans), that attacks the cellulose portion of softwood. The dry rot fungus leaves behind the lignin, resulting in a brown color region that is brittle, weak, and powdery. Although originally thought to occur in the absence of moisture, dry rot fungus will only grow in wood that has a minimum of 20% moisture and grows best in wood kept in stagnant air with 30-40% moisture.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
Serpula lacrymans (formerly known as Merulius lacrymans); brown rot; mérule (Fr.); podrião seca (Port.)
==Resources and Citations==
* Janice Carey and Colin Grant, "The Treatment of Dry Rot in Historic Buildings" Building Conservation Directory 1999: Link
Category:Materials database
Dry size

== Description ==
A powder size, typically made of albumen, used in gold tooling of leather and fabrics on book covers (Roberts and Etherington 1982).
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
blocking powder
==Resources and Citations==
* M.Roberts, D.Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1982.
Category:Materials database
Drying oil

== Description ==
Any vegetable oil that will form a solid, nontacky film when spread into a thin layer and exposed to air for a few days. Drying oils solidify by polymerization and oxidation reactions that occur at the unsaturated carbon double bond (C=C) sites of some of their fatty acids. The greater the number of double bond sites available for reactions, the faster the oil will dry. All drying oils have at least 65% polyunsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, etc.). This high degree of unsaturation is indicated by a high iodine number (usually 120 - 200). Drying oils are obtained from the seeds, skins, and fruits of several plants, such as flax (linseed), poppy, walnut, safflower, and sunflower. Drying oils are mixed with pigments and used in artists paints or mixed with resins and used as varnishes and coatings. They have been used as a primary artist medium since the 15th century and may have been used as early as the 12th century. Driers, or siccatives, can be added to the oil-based paint to speed its drying time.
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
drying oils (pl.); aceite secante (Esp.); olio siccativo (It) 
Examples include: linseed oil; tung oil; perilla oil; sunflower oil; hempseed oil; safflower oil; lumbang oil; oiticica oil; stillingia oil; walnut oil
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Drying oil.TIF~FTIR (MFA)]]]
== Resources and Citations ==
* L. Masschelein-Kleiner, Ancient Binding Media, Varnishes and Adhesives, ICCROM, Rome 1995. 
* J.S. Mills, R.White, The Organic Chemistry of Museum Objects, Butterworth-Heinemann, London, 1994.
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
* G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971
* Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
* ASTM, "Standard Terminology Relating to Paint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related Products", Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Section 6, Paints, Related Coatings and Aromatics, ASTM, D16, 7-Jan, Jul-96
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
Category:Materials database