nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Alliance for Investor Education

The Alliance for Investor Education (AIE) is a 20-plus member organization that includes the United States' leading financial-related foundations, nonprofit organizations, associations and governmental agencies. 
== History ==
Founded in 1996, the Alliance is dedicated to facilitating a greater understanding of investment basics. Through its website, the Alliance provides investors with access to a full range of information, so they can make wise investment decisions. Resources are generally provided by links to member Web pages or documents, although some resources are original to the AIE. The Web site is supported by the member organizations, and resources are free and available to the general public. 
== Membership ==
AIE's membership represents the entire investment community. Full members include:
*American Association of Individual Investors
*American Financial Services Association Education Foundation
*American Savings Education Council/Employee Benefit Research Institute
*CFA Institute
*Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
*Financial Planning Association
*Financial Publishing Association
*Investment Company Institute Education Foundation
*Investor Protection Trust
*National Association of Investors Corporation
*National Council on Economic Education
*National Endowment for Financial Education
*National Futures Association
*National Investor Relations Institute 
*New York Stock Exchange
*Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association 
*Securities Investor Protection Corporation
The organizations that serve as Advisors to the Alliance include:
*Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
*Commodity Futures Trading Commission
*Federal Trade Commission
*North American Securities Administrators Association
*U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
 
== Key People ==
Dallas Salisbury, Alliance president, is also Chairman of American Savings Education Council. He assumed that role on September 3, 2008, replacing Michael Jones, formerly of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA).
== References ==
Category:Educators
Category:Alliance for Investor Education
Allison Herren Lee

{| class="wikitable"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| style="height:100px; width:700px; text-align:left;" |
__NOTOC__ 
Allison Herren Lee is an American attorney and former government official who served as a member of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) from 2019 to 2022. She briefly served as acting chair of the SEC from January to April 2021.
Lee was nominated to the SEC by President Donald J. Trump and unanimously confirmed by the U.S. Senate.
== Background ==
Lee began her career in private practice as a partner at Sherman & Howard LLC, focusing on securities, antitrust, and commercial litigation. She later joined the SEC in 2005 as a staff attorney in the enforcement division at the Denver regional office. Lee served in various roles at the SEC for over a decade, including as counsel to Commissioner Kara Stein and as senior counsel in the Division of Enforcement's Complex Financial Instruments Unit.
In addition to her work at the SEC, Lee has served as a Special Assistant U.S. Attorney and was a member of the American Bar Association's former Committee on Public Company Disclosure. She has also participated in a USAID project in Armenia, assisting in drafting periodic reporting and disclosure provisions for securities market regulation.
=== SEC Career ===
Lee was appointed to the SEC by President Donald Trump in 2019 and was unanimously confirmed by the U.S. Senate. During her tenure, she focused on environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) issues, bringing them to the forefront of the agency's agenda. As a commissioner, Lee hired a policy advisor focused on ESG issues and initiated a commission task force to address alleged "greenwashing."
In January 2021, President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. designated Lee as Acting Chair of the SEC, a position she held until April 2021. During her time as acting chair, Lee helped craft rules that directed the SEC to gather public input on corporate climate change disclosures.
=== Post-SEC Career ===
After leaving the SEC in 2022, Lee joined the New York University School of Law as an adjunct professor and senior fellow at the school's Institute for Corporate Governance and Finance. In 2023, she became Of Counsel at the whistleblower law firm Kohn, Kohn & Colapinto, where she co-chairs the SEC and CFTC practice group.
== Education ==
Lee received a bachelor's degree in Business from the University of Colorado, Boulder. She earned her Juris Doctor from the University of Denver College of Law, where she was salutatorian, a Chancellor's Scholar, and served on the Law Review.
== References ==
Category:Regulators
Category:Securities and Exchange Commission
Category:Lawyers
Category:Sherman & Howard LLC - Former Employee
Category:U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission - Former Commissioners
Allison Lurton

__NOTOC__ 
Allison Lurton is general counsel of the Futures Industry Association. She started in the position of senior vice president and deputy general counsel at FIA on January 14, 2013. She has nearly 20 years of legal experience. 
In October 2014, FIA announced Lurton's appointment as general counsel effective Jan. 1, 2015.
 
== Background ==
Before joining FIA, Lurton founded the derivatives practice at the law firm Covington & Burling, where she advised clients on financial regulatory reform, specifically on the implementation of rules related to the Dodd-Frank Act. 
Prior to joining Covington & Burling, Lurton spent seven years at the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, as a trial attorney for the Division of Enforcement, and as counsel to several commissioners, including Chairman Gary Gensler, Scott O'Malia, Michael Dunn and former CFTC chairman and current FIA president Walt Lukken. She began her career in commercial litigation.
== Education ==
Lurton earned a Bachelor of Arts in 1992 from Vanderbilt University, and a Juris Doctor in 1995 from Washington University School of Law. She is a member of the Bar Associations of both Virginia and the District of Columbia.
== References ==	
Category: FIA
Category: Bios - Executives
Category:Lawyers
Category:General Counsels
Category: MarketsWiki Page of the Day
Category:Futures Industry Association
Category:Futures Industry Association
Allison Nam

__NOTOC__ 
Allison Nam is a banking and technology executive who currently serves as the head of business development - Global Division at Hundsun Hong Kong.
Previously, she was a vice president of futures and options at JP Morgan, Asia Pacific. She was appointed to that position in July of 2010. Her responsibilities included OTC clearing sales and marketing. 
She pursues eTrading solutions and incorporates exchange-traded, FXPB and OTC clearing opportunities. Nam's appointment marked the first time JP Morgan F&O and OTC clearing department has had an individual sales person based in Hong Kong in over 10 years. 
She is fluent in English, Mandarin, Hainanese and Cantonese.
== Background ==
Nam's background includes electrical engineering and financial management. Most recently she was managing director of Patsystems Hong Kong office, an operation she established in 2007. During her time at Patsystems, she drove the development of an Asia Pacific wide ASP hosted solution.
== Education ==
== References ==	
Category:Bios - Executives
Alpha

Alpha is a measure of return. 
Alpha is a measure of a portfolio's return in excess of the market return, after both have been adjusted for risk.
It represents the value a manager adds to the performance of the portfolio over the market. Alpha purposely does not take into account pure market performance or the particular risk level of the strategy. Rather, it offers an indicator of the manager's skill due to his/her ability to provide value-added returns to the strategy for clients -- rather than, for example, simply participating in a bull market.
For example, if a fund had an alpha of 1.0 during a given month, it would have produced a return during that month that was one percentage point higher than the benchmark Treasury. Alpha can also be used as a measure of residual risk, relative to the market in which a fund participates. 
== Resources ==
*Prophet Financial Systems, Inc. Alpa Definition
== References ==
Category:Hedge Fund Terms
Category:Market Terms
Category:Definitions
Category:Technical Analysis
Alpha5

Alpha5 is a cryptocurrency derivatives trading platform. The platform operates using a system that runs on digital tokens called A5T tokens, which are insured via an insurance fund.
== Overview ==
Alpha5 is a cryptocurrency trading platform created by Vishal Shah. Development began in 2019; it is expected to launch in late Summer 2020. The platform bills itself as a "one stop shop" for cryptocurrency trading. 
The company consists of a small team of former employees from several financial institutions, including the CME Group, RBS, and the Indian Institute of Technology.
In August 2020, Alpha5 told The Block that it had completed a fundraising round in which it raised $1.5 million. The round included participation from FBG Capital, CMT Digital, Altonomy, SNZ Holding, Nima Capital, and Polychain Capital. Founder Vishal Shah also said the platform had raised a total of $3 million in seed funding.
== Products and Services ==
Alpha5 plans to offer trading services for cryptocurrency derivatives including futures, swaps, and options. The platform's marketing material has emphasized its cryptocurrency futures swaps as its most competetive product.
== References ==
Category:digital assets
Category:cryptocurrency
Category:custody
Category:blockchain
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
AlphaPoint

AlphaPoint is a fintech company specializing in electronic trading software for the digital asset markets.
== History ==
AlphaPoint was founded in 2013 by Igor Telyatnikov, Joe Ventura, and Jack Sallen.
In April 2017, AlphaPoint announced a partnership with the CME Group and the Royal Mint of the United Kingdom to launch a digital asset trading platform.
In June 2018, AlphaPoint raised $15 million in a funding round led by Mike Novogratz, founder of Galaxy Digital.
In December 2018, AlphaPoint announced a partnership with the Stellar Foundation to add support for depositing, withdrawal, custody, and trading of Lumens (XLM), the native cryptocurrency of Stellar, on AlphaPoint's trading platform.
In December 2020, AlphaPoint launched a yield platform for exchange and brokerage operators.
== Products and Services ==
AlphaPoint's distributed ledger electronic trading platform is designed for brokerages and exchange operators. It has several features that provide its users access to liquidity pools in the cryptocurrency markets and trade surveillance and reporting systems, grants them the ability to create and issue their own digital assets and store digital assets in wallets, and enable the clients of users to execute OTC block trades.
AlphaPoint also offers a yield platform that lets its users manage borrowers, lenders, rates and distributions, as well as offer their own yield products and services to their users.
== Key People ==
*Igor Telyatnikov, co-founder and CEO 
*Joe Ventura, founder and chief information officer 
*Jack Sallen, co-founder and vice president of development 
*David Hyatt, head of development 
*Jeff Tangowski, principal architect 
*Scott Bambacigno, vice president, worldwide sales
== References ==
Categories: fintech
Categories: cryptocurrency
Categories: blockchain
Alphacet, Inc.

Alphacet, Inc. is a company that provides software solutions that aim to help quantitative analysts, traders and portfolio managers create consistent alpha, or absolute returns.
== History ==
The company was founded in 2007, building on efforts that began in 2003 that were based on work by researchers at the University of California. Alphacet is headquartered in Stamford, Connecticut, with development facilities in Petaluma, California. Alphacet About Us
== Products and Services ==
Alphacet Discovery
Alphacet Discovery is an STP solution for quantitative strategy development and deployment. This solution connects to leading market data vendors and market database partners, and provides advanced codeless financial modeling tools that allow traders to model, back test, walk forward and launch strategies.
Alphacet Discovery was recently cited in an Aite report titled "The World According to Quants: Enter Alpha Generation Platforms." Discovery was the only solution to receive its highest rating of four stars for quant platform functionality."Alphacet Outpaces Competition with Asset Class Coverage and Data Management Capabilities, Says Aite Group" Press Release Posted on Market Watch September 8, 2008
Features Include:Alphacet Discovery Overview
*Ability to integrate real time, static and historical data from major market data vendors, exchanges and client-proprietary sources 
*Multi-asset class, multi frequency, multi-instrument type capable 
 
*Complete transparency with high-speed object-oriented visualization tools 
*Pre-configured quantitative, technical and statistical components 
*Complex multi-layer models can be created, backtested, and risk/reward measured in hours/days 
*Real-time machine-learning routines for creating adaptive strategies 
*Codeless environment for analysts, portfolio managers, research professionals and proprietary traders to discover, store and optimize arbitrarily complex algorithmic trading strategies, for both alpha generation and trade-execution logic 
*One click strategy deployment 
Strategy Types Supported:
*Fundamental 
*Technical 
*Statistical
== Key People == 
Please find information on Alphacet's management teamAlphacet Management Team below:
*Peter Sibirzeff, Chief Executive Officer
*Lawrence K. Kinsella, Chief Financial Officer
*Rosario Ingargiola, Chief Technology Officer
*Dr. Robert Levinson, Chief Scientific Officer
==Partners==
Alphacet has partnered with companies specializing in data management, market data, and secure hosting services. Partners include:
*BT Radianz"Alphacet works with BT and interactive data to offer real-time, turn key platform for quantatative strategy development," Automated Trader, June 3 2008
*Interactive Data"Alphacet works with BT and interactive data to offer real-time, turn key platform for quantatative strategy development," Automated Trader, June 3 2008
*One Market Data"Alphacet to Partner with OneMarketData," Market Data Insight, April 18, 2008
== References ==
Category:Quantitative Analysis
Category:Software
Category:Alphacet
Altaz Dagha

__NOTOC__ 
Altaz Dagha is senior director of BrokerTec Products in CME Group's BrokerTec division. He joined the company in that role in June 2022, after working at Coex Partners, where he most recently served as senior director, Asia Rates.
== Background ==
Earlier, Dagha held a range of front office fixed income and FX related roles at BNP Paribas, Westpac Institutional Bank, Lloyds Banking Group and HSBC Investment Bank.
== Education ==
He earned a BSc (with honors) in Banking and International Finance from Cass Business School.
== References ==	
Category:CME Group Employees
Altcoin

"Altcoin" is a colloquial term used for cryptocurrencies other than bitcoin. The term refers to these cryptocurrencies being considered "alternative coins," as they are not as well-established as bitcoin. They may also have features or benefits that bitcoin does not.
Some examples of altcoins include TRON, Ripple, and Ethereum.
== References ==
Category:digital assets
Category:cryptocurrency
Category:altcoins
Category:definitions
Category:CryptoMarketsWiki
Alternative Investment Management Association

__NOTOC__
AIMA is the not-for-profit trade association created in 1990 and headquartered in London to represent the world’s alternative investment community, address issues affecting the industry’s development, and create a center of knowledge for professional investment practitioners. 
== Background ==
Members come from 47 countries on five continents, with some countries having specific chapters. 
The UK holds the greatest number of alternative investment practitioners in Europe and, thus, is one of AIMA’s most pro-active membership groups. The regulatory activity is substantial, with AIMA co-ordinating industry responses to multiple discussion papers and consultation papers from the regulator and the Inland Revenue. Topics include taxation of UK investment into off-shore funds, short-selling, on-shore hedge fund regulation, and bundled services and soft commissions. 
The AIMA USA membership profile is focused mainly on those companies with an international product range and view. AIMA does not currently see a role for itself in lobbying government and regulators in the US for the US community. However, AIMA is against the need for dual registration by non-US managers regulated in their own jurisdictions and maintains dialogue with the SEC for this large group. 
== Research/Journal ==
A good portion of AIMA's Web site is password protected for use of their members, investors, and regulators, but there is substantial research online and the AIMA Journal that is readily accessible by all site visitors, regardless of membership affiliation.
== Educational Guide for Hedge Funds ==
In 2008, the Alternative Investment Management Association has announced that its Investor Steering Committee (“ISC”) will publish the world’s first collaborative educational guide for hedge fund investors.
The guide, which is being developed in association with the Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst Association (CAIAA) will be authored by UBS’s Alexander Ineichen, supported by Kurt Silberstein of the California Public Employees’ Retirement Systems (“CalPERS”). It is the first global effort between investors and the hedge fund industry, and "will provide access to meaningful and practical information on the nature and activities of the hedge fund industry – including information on hedge fund strategies, performance data, investment processes, and industry and business dynamics."
== Key People ==
The Association is managed by a team of eleven in London (AIMA's headquarters), three in Canada, Hong Kong and Singapore. They work with the Council, Chapters and national Members' Groups, AIMA’s specialist global Committees and directly with member companies to develop the Association’s activities around the world.
*Florence Lombard, Chief Executive Officer
*Andrew Baker, Deputy Chief Executive Officer
*Emma Mugridge, Director
*Mary Richardson, Director, Regulatory Department
== References ==
Category:Industry Associations
Alternative Investment Market (AIM)

AIM is the London Stock Exchange's international market for smaller but growing companies. The London Stock Exchange created AIM to offer smaller companies the opportunity to raise capital on a market with somewhat more flexible regulatory rules. Companies do not need a particular financial track record or trading history to join, and there is no minimum requirement for size or number of shareholders. 
AIM lists a variety of businesses from start-ups backed by venture capital to established organizations looking to expand. AIM has its own rulebook, written in plain English to make the rules as transparent and comprehensible as possible. The rulebook is updated through an ongoing process of consultation between the exchange and the AIM community, to ensure that the rules remain practicable and appropriate for smaller growing companies.
Since its launch in 1995, over 2,900 companies have joined AIM through initial public offerings (IPOs) and the further raising of capital. Many companies have made the transition to the exchange's main market following activity on AIM.
 
AIM has a large and diverse community of stakeholders which includes a variety of market participants including: companies, nominated advisers, AIM brokers, market specialists, investors, and the exchange's AIM team.
The AIM team includes specialists in areas related to the market who are on hand to provide advice, information and support for AIM participants.
 
Specialist advisers range from dedicated Nominated Advisers (Nomads) to lawyers, accountants and brokers. Also playing a role are public relations and investor relations agencies who help companies join the market, and market committees and publishers focused on AIM and its companies. 
As of 2005, AIM was the second largest European market by number of companies after the London Stock Exchange’s own main market. 
However, in October 2024, a joint report from the Tony Blair Institute for Global Change and the center-right think-tank Onward said that AIM should be scrapped as part of a "radical overhaul" of London's stock market. Around 76 companies delisted from the AIM market in 2023, the report said. The London Stock Exchange, once the world’s largest stock exchange, ranked sixth in 2024. 
== Requirements ==
To join AIM, companies do not need a particular financial track record or trading history. There is also no minimum requirement in terms of size or number of shareholders. This more flexible approach reflects the fact that AIM was designed specifically for smaller growing companies and to provide a balanced regulatory regime for companies and investors.
AIM trades small-caps, or new enterprises with high growth potential.
== References ==
Category:Exchanges
Category:Futures Exchanges
Category:European Exchanges
Alternative Trading Systems

Alternative Trading Systems (ATS) are electronic trading venues that match buyers and sellers of securities outside of traditional exchanges. These systems provide an alternative to established stock exchanges for executing trades, often offering benefits such as lower costs, faster execution, and increased anonymity.
== History ==
The concept of alternative trading systems emerged in the late 1960s with the development of electronic communication networks (ECNs). However, ATSs gained significant traction in the 1990s with advancements in technology and changes in market structure. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) formally recognized ATSs in 1998 with the adoption of Regulation ATS, which established a regulatory framework for these venues.
== Products and Services ==
# Alternative Trading Systems offer a range of services, including:
# Order matching: ATSs use sophisticated algorithms to match buy and sell orders.
# Dark pools: Some ATSs operate as dark pools, which do not display pre-trade information to maintain anonymity.
# Block trading: Many ATSs specialize in facilitating large block trades for institutional investors.
# Cross-asset trading: Some systems allow trading across multiple asset classes.
# Customized order types: ATSs often offer specialized order types not available on traditional exchanges.
== Key Features ==
ATSs are characterized by several key features:
# Anonymity: Many ATSs offer increased anonymity compared to traditional exchanges.
# Lower costs: ATSs often have lower transaction fees than exchanges.
# Faster execution: Advanced technology allows for rapid order execution.
# Reduced market impact: The ability to execute large trades with less price impact.
# Regulatory flexibility: ATSs are subject to different regulations than exchanges, allowing for more operational flexibility.
== Regulatory Environment ==
In the United States, ATSs are regulated by the SEC under Regulation ATS. This regulation requires ATSs to register as broker-dealers and comply with certain reporting and operational requirements. In recent years, regulators have increased scrutiny of ATSs, particularly dark pools, due to concerns about market fragmentation and fairness.
== Impact on Market Structure ==
The proliferation of ATSs has significantly impacted market structure, leading to:
# Increased market fragmentation
# Enhanced competition among trading venues
# Improved execution quality for certain types of trades
# Challenges in market surveillance and regulation
== References ==
Category:Alternative Trading Systems
Category:Market Structure
Category:Electronic Trading
Category:Trading Systems
Category:Exchanges
Category:Regulation