nyuuzyou/wikis huggingface dataset:
Middle East crude oil futures

There have been multiple efforts to establish a third global benchmark for oil prices using Middle East crude alongside the established West Texas Intermediate (WTI) and Brent crude contract specifications. The Intercontinental Exchange and the New York Mercantile Exchange, through its investment in the Dubai Mercantile Exchange, are currently embroiled in competition to secure this role through competing futures contracts launched in 2007.
== Background ==
 
The demand for a third benchmark to underpin futures contracts reflects the reference of both the WTI and Brent prices to sweet crude, while the bulk of Middle East exports are sour crude with a higher sulfur content. The subsequent "mispricing" of Middle East oil has spawned a number of unsuccessful efforts to launch new futures based on locally-derived prices.
The first attempt was by the Singapore International Monetary Exchange (Simex) in June 1990, but the contract based on Dubai pricing was terminated in February 1992. The International Petroleum Exchange, now part of the Intercontinental Exchange followed with its own Dubai-based contract in July 1990, just before the start of the first Gulf war, and trading ended in May 1991 before termination in November 1992.
The NYMEX launched a contract in April 2001 based on the Oman/Dubai crude price, but traded for only two days and was terminated in April 2001.
In April 2002, the Singapore Exchange and the Tokyo Commodity Exchange (Tocom) announced plans to cooperate on the launch of the Middle Eastern Crude Oil (MECO) futures on SGX. The Tocom had an existing Middle East crude oil futures contract priced in yen in a locals-only market, based on the average Oman/Dubai crude price published by Platts. The Singapore contract was launched in November 2002, but failed to gain liquidity.
== NYMEX versus ICE ==
The fierce energy-market rivalry between the NYMEX and the ICE shifted to Middle East crude in 2007 as both exchanges backed a fresh effort to establish a new benchmark.
The ICE Middle East Sour Crude Oil futures contract was launched on May 21, 200, an an electronically-traded, cash-settled product based on crude oil from Dubai, Oman and Upper Zakum, which originates in Abu Dhabi. The contract is settled against the Platts Dubai physical cash price assessment.
The NYMEX product traced its roots back to co-operation with the governments of Dubai and Oman to create a benchmark using the Dubai-Oman price for crudes sold in the Asia-Pacific market.
The two governments signed a memorandum of understanding in February 2006 and pledged to use the contract scheduled for launch on the state-backed Dubai Mercantile Exchange to price their own oil production. The physically-delivered Oman Crude Oil Futures Contract was launched on June 1, 2007
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== References ==
 
Category:Crude Oil Futures
Category:Futures Contracts
Midwest Research Institute

The Midwest Research Institute is a center for applied research and technology development. It was established in 1944 with a mission to supply needed research for industry and to encourage programs using regional resources.
MRI's accomplishments have ranged from perfecting the coating process for M&M candies to cancer research and pioneering environmental efforts. 
MRI's board of directors and trustees include heads of industry and the marketplace such as Malcolm Aslin, a member of the board of directors of M&I Bank, Thomas Hoenig, President of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City and Kevin Kissinger, Chief Operations & Technology Officer of Citigroup.
== References ==
Category:Technology
Category:Research
Midwestern Regional Greenhouse Gas Reduction Accord

The Midwestern Regional Greenhouse Gas Reduction Accord was formed on November 15, 2007 by governors of six states - Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin - and one Canadian province, Manitoba. Observer states include Indiana, Ohio and South Dakota.
The agreement calls for regional greenhouse gas reductions of 60 to 80 percent from current levels with a cap-and-trade system. It also will establish emissions targets and time frames consistent with member state targets and create a system to track, manage and credit entities. The group also will develop and implement additional steps such as low-carbon fuel standards, regional incentives and funding mechanisms. The plan is to fully implement the plan by May 2010. 
The accord marks the third regional market in the US after the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative and Western Climate Initiative. 
== References ==
Mike Beller

__NOTOC__ 
Mike Beller is a technology and proprietary trading executive who serves as the CEO of Thesys Technologies LLC and Tradeworx. He is also the managing partner of Thesys.
Thesys, partnered with IBM, Rosenblatt Securities and the law firm Latham & Watkins, won the contract to build the Consolidated Audit Trail, or CAT and Beller serves on the Thesys CAT Advisory Committee.
== Background ==
Beller was promoted to the CEO role at Tradeworx after initially serving as the firms' CTO. 
He was also the co-founder and served as the vice president of technology for PenVision, Inc, where he helped develop software and integrated systems employing wireless communications and handheld computing devices for the pharmaceutical and telecommunications industries.
He has also served as a member of the technical staff for Bell Communications Research.
== Education ==
Beller holds a bachelor of science degree in electrical engineering from Cornell University and a masters of science degree in electrical engineering from Columbia University.
== References ==	
Category:Proprietary Trading Executives
Mike Blandina

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Mike Blandina is the CEO of the IntercontinentalExchange subsidiary Bakkt. He was appointed to that role on December 20, 2019, succeeded Bakkt founder Kelly Loeffler. He was previously chief product officer.
== Background ==
Blandina joined Bakkt as chief product officer in April 2019, following leadership roles at OneMarket, Westfield, PayPal, Google and the Blackhawk Network, as well as other key positions in the payments space. He was director of engineering at Google's Wallet project.
== Education ==
== References ==
Mike Daly

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Mike Daly is a senior futures broker with PFG Best, a futures commission merchant firm. He is also registered with ABG Trading Inc., an introducing broker (IB).
== Background ==
Daly was registered as a floor broker from 1982 to 1989.
Besides PFGBest and ABG Trading Inc., he has worked for Manduca Trading LLC, Alaron Trading Corporation, Green Street Discount, and Man International, Inc. 
Daly is a former member and trader at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, where he was a gold broker. He is also a former member of the Chicago Board of Trade and Chicago Board Options Exchange. 
Daly has authored and posted articles regarding the futures market on the Commodity Trader Web site as well as Traders Illustrated on the Web.
== Education ==
== Registration Information ==
*
== Published Works == 
* "Hope Is Golden," Commodity Trader, Feb. 28, 2009
* "Golden Time," Traders Illustrated, Oct. 8, 2008
== References ==
Category:Bios - Brokers
Category:Futures Brokers
Category:PFGBest.com
Mike Dennis

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Michael G. Dennis is a Chicago-based derivatives industry executive and former trader who was appointed as global head of fixed income at CME Group effective August 5, 2024. In this position, Dennis oversees the company's largest, most actively traded global benchmark futures and options contracts on SOFR and U.S. Treasuries, including the 30-year bond, 10-, 5- and 2-year notes. He also leads BrokerTec. He reports to CME Group chairman and Chief Executive Officer Terry Duffy and serves on the company's management team. 
Dennis was previously a member of the board of the CME Group. He resigned the CME board position effective July 9, 2024. 
He is a member of the CME and CBOT and currently serves on the Clearing House oversight and finance committees. He previously served on the CME Group probable cause committee.
== Background ==
Before CME Group, Dennis was principal and chief commercial officer of ABN AMRO Clearing USA.
As CCO, he was responsible for the Chicago sales, relationship management, global execution services, commercial support and client service teams. 
Dennis joined ABN AMRO Clearing Chicago LLC in March 2018. He was promoted to CCO after serving as head of relationship management for the firm. Previously, he was a director at Societe Generale Corporate and Investment Banking - SGCIB - also in the Chicago office, and was a senior vice president at Advantage Futures. He began his career in the financial industry as a trader, first at JC Trading Group in 2003 and later at PEAK6 Investments in 2006. 
== Registration Information ==
He holds Series 24, 3, 63 and 7 licenses.
== Education ==
Dennis received a bachelor's degree in finance from Marquette University in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and also attended the liberal arts program at St. Clare's, Oxford. He graduated from Brother Rice High School in Chicago.
== References ==	
Category:Societe Generale
Category:Societe Generale - Former Employees
Category:ABN AMRO Clearing USA
Category:ABN AMRO Clearing USA - Former Employees
Category:CME Group Management Team
[[Category:Advantage Futures
[[Category:Advantage Futures - Former Employees
Category:PEAK6 Investments
Category:PEAK6 Investments - Former Employees
Mike Fishbain

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Mike Fishbain is a customer support analyst at Trading Technologies in Chicago. He joined TT in September 1999 as a principal lead functional test engineer and took over his current role in April 2012.
 
== Background ==
Fishbain was an independent futures trader and licensed broker on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange from Sept. 1980 to August 1999, after starting off as a floor runner.
== Education ==
He has a Bachelor of Science in psychology from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
== References ==	
Category:Former CME Members
Mike Forst

__NOTOC__
Mike Forst is director of product management at Trading Technologies (TT). He leads the development of TT's risk, compliance, and administration-related product features. For the past year since becoming a product manager, he has been focused on leading efforts to further enhance the risk management capabilities of the TT platform in order to comply with regulatory requirements for FCMs.
== Background ==
Forst has more than seven years of experience in the futures industry.
== Education ==
He graduated with a B.S. in Information and Decision Sciences from the University of Illinois at Chicago.
== References ==	
Category:Trading Technologies
Mike Gill

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Mike Gill was a former public official and lawyer who served as the chief of staff for former CFTC Chairman J. Christopher Giancarlo. He died in 2024 five days after being shot in a carjacking incident in Washington, DC while waiting to pick up his wife. He was 56. 
At the time of his death, Gill served as senior vice president for capital markets at the Housing Policy Council, a nonprofit. 
He was married and a father of three. 
== Background ==
Gill's work history included roles as senior vice president at Crowell & Moring LLP, executive director at AFFI (American Frozen Food Institute), and experience as press secretary and legislative aide for U.S. Representative Paul Gillmor in Ohio's 5th District. 
He also served with the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission under Presidents Barack Obama and Donald Trump. 
In a statement after Gill's death, former CFTC Chairman J. Christopher Giancarlo said Gill played a pivotal role in several significant initiatives, including the establishment of Project KISS, aimed at reducing regulatory burdens and costs, the creation of LabCFTC to promote understanding of digital assets and financial technology, and the development of the Market Intelligence Branch for monitoring emerging market trends. Gill was directly involved in the CFTC's implementation of "heightened scrutiny" for cryptocurrencies, culminating in the launch of the first regulated U.S. cryptocurrency market, bitcoin futures, in 2017.
In addition to his professional career, he was actively involved in his community, serving on the Washington, D.C. Board of Elections for three terms, coaching his daughter's youth soccer team, and participating in the parish council at Holy Trinity Catholic Church in Northwest Washington.
== Education ==
Gill held a Bachelor of Arts in economics from the University of Dayton. He also held a Master of Arts from Johns Hopkins University and a Doctor of Law (J.D.) degree from The Catholic University of America.
== References ==	
Category:Lawyers
Category:CFTC - Former Employees
Mike Glista

Mike Glista currently serves as senior vice president of strategy with CQG, an independent software vendor.
 
== Background==
Glista joined CQG as the director of order routing in 2004, and took on the additional leadership role of vice president when the Continuum Division was created in 2010. 
Before joining CQG, Glista was the director of Clearing Operations at the Chicago Board of Trade with primary responsibility for the CBOT-CME Common Clearing Link and LIFFE matching engine integration. For the previous nineteen years, Glista held various positions at Cargill Incorporated and Cargill Investor Services, including key roles in floor operations, back office, and electronic trading.
== References ==	
Category:CQG
Category:CIS - Former Employees
Category:Former CBOT Staff
Mike Hansen

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Mike Hansen is the chief clearing and settlement services officer and Dallas site leader at OCC, the world's largest equity derivatives clearing organization.
Hansen is responsible for OCC's day-to-day clearance and settlement functions and oversees the collateral services, technical certification and documentation services, corporate actions and market operations functions. He also manages some 250 colleagues in the OCC's Dallas office. 
Before, he was managing director for clearing and settlement operations and has served in back office processing, pricing and member services roles. He first joined OCC in 2004 as an investor services representative.
 
== Background ==
Hansen has more than 20 years of options industry experience. Prior to OCC, he worked on the Cboe trading floor, first for Timber Hill LLC and then for Everest Trading LLC as a market maker.
Hansen is a member director of the Dallas Regional Chamber and serves on the Metrocrest Services board of directors. 
== Education ==
Hansen earned a bachelor's degree in agricultural economics from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and he completed the Securities Industry Institute program at The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
== References ==
Mike Juneman

__NOTOC__ 
Mike Juneman is a Chicago-based derivatives professional who serves as a managing director of Two Sigma Securities.
Previously, he was head of exchange operations and a managing director for Citadel Derivatives Group LLC.
Juneman served on the board of directors of the International Securities Exchange as a Primary Market Maker Director and had since April 24, 2009.
== Background ==
Before joining Citadel, Juneman was with Timber Hill LLC for nine years, where he rose to the position of Vice President and Officer. 
He currently serves on several committees at the Chicago Board Options Exchange and ISE. In addition to numerous exchange memberships, Juneman is a member of the Securities Traders Association, the Securities Traders Association of Chicago, and the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association. 
== Education ==
He holds a bachelor’s degree from Illinois State University.
== References ==	
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:Citadel - Former Employees
Category:Timber Hill - Former Employees
Category:CBOE - Former Members
Mike Knesevitch

__NOTOC__
Mike Knesevitch is the business director, Alternative Markets, for the International Securities Exchange (ISE). Prior to the ISE, he worked as the managing partner of Advanced Solutions Group, a New Jersey-based company providing consulting services in business development and strategy to the financial services industry. 
== Background ==
Knesevitch spent more than 16 years on the trading floor as an independent local, trading futures and options on stock indexes, sugar, cocoa, FX and cotton. 
After graduation, Knesevitch spent five years in the North Sea with Sub Sea International as a saturation diver and supervisor..
== Education ==
He has a B.S. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Pennsylvania. 
== References ==
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:International Securities Exchange
Category:International Securities Exchange
Mike Marley

__NOTOC__ 
Mike Marley is market intelligence correspondent for MetalPrices.com. He is the editor of the newsletter Marley’s Heavy Melt, in which he reports on metals prices, focusing in particular on steel scrap. 
== Background ==
He has more than 35 years' experience in the metals industry and has been reporting ferrous and non-ferrous scrap prices since 1977 - first for Iron Age magazine, followed by the American Metal Market, and most recently World Steel Dynamics.
== Education ==
== JLN Interview ==
Steely Eyed: Why Mike Marley of Metalprices.com says there is a future for steel and scrap futures
== References ==
Mike Nowak

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Michael William Nowak is chief financial officer of OCC, the world's largest equity derivatives clearing organization.
In July 2022, the board of directors of the OCC elected Nowak chief financial officer and a member of OCC’s management committee, effective August 8, 2022. As CFO, he oversees all of OCC’s corporate finance functions, including treasury, finance, accounting, strategic sourcing, facilities and vendor management. 
He also was elected to serve as a member director on the OCC's board of directors and on its audit committee. 
== Background ==
Before OCC, Nowak was chief financial officer of ABN AMRO Clearing Chicago LLC.
Before CFO, he was chief operations officer at ABN AMRO Clearing Chicago. He also served as the interim CEO for the firm from April of 2016 to June of 2016.
He has also been the director of operations for ABN AMRO Clearing Chicago, as well as VP of Equity Operations.
Previously, he was associate vice president for stock loan at Fortis Clearing Americas, a predecessor firm to ABN AMRO Clearing Chicago.
He also served as a futures broker and registered representative with O'Connor & Co, which was bought by Fortis.
== Education ==
Nowak holds a Bachelor of Science in biomedical engineering from Marquette University and a masters in accounting from DePaul University's Charles H. Kellstadt Graduate School of Business. 
==Registration Information == 
Nowak has held the Series 3, 7, 24, 27 and 63 licenses over his time in the industry and is a Registered CPA.
NFA ID 0348642
== References ==	
Category:Fortis - Former Employees
Category:O'Connor & Company -Former Employees
Category:Former OCC Board of Directors Members
Mike O'Callaghan

Mike O'Callaghan is managing director of business development at Wedbush Futures, the futures commission merchant arm of Wedbush Securities.
== Background ==
O'Callaghan began his career on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange floor, followed by the London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange (LIFFE). He gained an additional 15 years of experience in institutional sales with major global financial institutions before joining Wedbush Futures forerunner Penson GHCO in September 2007. 
O'Callaghan is a native of Limerick, Ireland. He to Chicago in 1989. 
==Registration Information==
*
*
== References ==	
Category:KCG
Category:Knight Futures
Category:Penson Futures
Category:Bios - Executives
Mike O'Connor

__NOTOC__ 
Mike O'Connor is a Chicago-based futures professional who currently serves as a commodity broker with ADMIS.
== Background ==
O'Connor joined ADMiS in 2008 from Iowa Grain, which ADMIS had acquired. He is a senior phone specialist and assistant manager on the ADMIS 24-hour desk.
He works with multiple electronic trading systems, including OAK, Fidessa, CQG Trader, CQG Integrated Client, CME Direct, WebIce, CBOE Delta. He is also proficient in Trading Technologies' X_Trader and Ranorder. 
Before Iowa Grain was acquired by ADMIS in 2008, O'Connor served as the e-desk manager for the firm.
From 1983 to 2000, O'Connor worked on the trading floor for Iowa Grain, including as financial trading room manager at the Chicago Board of Trade.
== Education ==
O'Connor studied at Lewis University from 1978 to 1981.
== References ==	
Category:Iowa Grain - Former Employees
Mike O'Rourke

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Mike O'Rourke is an exchange technology executive. He is currently head of machine learning intelligence and data services for Nasdaq.
== Background ==
O'Rourke joined Nasdaq in 1999 as a director of global access services. 
In 2016 he was named to his current position as head of machine learning intelligence and data services.
O'Rourke has also been an adjunct professor at his alma mater, Fairfield University.
He started his career with IBM Global Services.
== Education ==
He holds a bachelor of science degree from Fairfield University in computer science. He also holds a masters of science in software engineering from Fairfield.
== References ==	
Category:IBM - Former Employees
Mike Otten

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Michael Otten joined NFA as vice president, OTC Derivatives in 2019 after spending over seven years in the Global Markets Legal department of Nomura Americas. While at Nomura, he focused on global regulatory reform initiatives, including SD and security-based SD implementation and their domestic and cross-border impact, non-U.S. regulatory reforms impacting U.S. entities and businesses, and on FCM and broker-dealer regulatory matters more generally. In this capacity, Otten frequently participated as a panelist and moderator in industry discussions hosted by SIFMA, ISDA and FIA.
Before joining Nomura in 2012, Otten spent nearly ten years at the CFTC in Washington, D.C., where he served in several senior roles, including as legal counsel to Acting Chairman Walt Lukken, Chairman Reuben Jeffery and Commissioner Jill E. Sommers, and as chief trial attorney in the Division of Enforcement. While in the chairman's office, he was the CFTC's staff representative to the President's Working Group on Financial Markets, working closely with other regulators in response to the financial crisis. As legal counsel to Commissioner Sommers, Otten focused largely on the CFTC's SD rulemaking agenda and was the Commissioner's primary advisor in her role as sponsor of the CFTC Global Markets Advisory Committee.
Prior to joining the CFTC, Otten was a litigation partner at LeClair Ryan in Richmond, VA and began his legal career on active duty in the U.S. Air Force Judge Advocate General’s Corps, where among other things, he prosecuted and defended trials by court-martial.
== Education ==
He holds a law degree from Boston College Law School and a bachelor's degree from Manhattanville College.
== References ==	
Category:Bios - Executives
Category:NFA Staff
Category:National Futures Association
Category:InterContinental Exchange - Former Employees
Category:InterContinental Exchange