вот, к примеру, требования для криминалиста:Requirements: This position requires knowledge of American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors/Laboratory Accreditation Board (ASCLD/LAB) accreditation standards; applicable Federal and State statutes and case law; Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS); methods and procedures used in chemical and instrumental analyses of physical evidence in court; methods of classifying, indexing, filing, and preserving laboratory records and evidence; principles of chemistry, physics, biochemistry, photography, and physiology as related to forensic science; modern criminal investigation and identification techniques and procedures; crime scene procedures; laws of evidence and criminal procedure; instruments and equipment used in forensic analyses of evidence; and Federal OSHA and State and County regulations and City policies regarding safe work practices, including specific knowledge of safe laboratory policies and procedures. This position also requires a person who is able to comprehend, follow and make inferences from highly technical oral and written instructions; apply rules of evidence, criminal procedure, crime scene procedures, and all applicable state and federal statutes and case law; interpret scientific data to establish statistical probabilities of origin of biological and commercial products; produce written documents with clearly organized thoughts using proper grammar; observe, compare, or monitor data and objects to determine compliance with prescribed operating and safety standards; make mathematical calculations related to analyzing scientific data; chemically identify and quantify compounds; operate a wide variety of forensic laboratory equipment; visually distinguish the full range of the color spectrum to perform testing of drugs and bodily fluids; properly collect, package and preserve physical evidence from crime scenes; make accurate observations and records of test results; communicate effectively in English both orally and in writing; and testify and withstand cross-examination in court. Minimum Requirements: •Bachelor's Degree with major courses of study in chemistry, biology, forensic science, or closely related physical or natural sciences. In addition, the following disciplines have specific minimum educational requirements: ◦Blood Alcohol / Toxicology: 24 semester hours of chemistry ◦Controlled Substances: 24 semester hours of chemistry ◦Latent Print Analysis: 15 semester hours of chemistry and 6 semester hours of biology; Documented AFIS/IAFIS and latent print comparison experience may substitute on a two years of relevant experience for every one year of education required if certified as a Latent Print Examiner by the International Association for Identification. •Four (4) years crime laboratory analysis experience with proficiency in at least one of the following forensic science disciplines: 1.Latent Print Analysis 2.Alcohol / Toxicology 3.Controlled Substance Analysis 4.DNA Analysis and/or 5.Physical Evidence Analysis •Acceptance as an expert witness in court in at least one forensic science discipline; or •Any equivalent combination of experience and training which provides the knowledge and abilities necessary to perform the work.