CD Changers - A reference for Designing Servers and Peripherals for the Microsoft® Windows nt® Server Operating...

169. SCSI changer and drive support auto-configuration
170. SCSI tape and optical disk changers support SCSI commands
171. Icons are provided for all external connectors
172. All expansion slots in the system are accessible for users to insert cards
173. System and device design include protected switches
174. System design includes locking case
175. System and device design include snap-on connectors
176. C2 evaluation for hardware
177. Peripherals meet hardware security recommendations
178. System includes integrated backup solution
179. System includes UPS provided with system
180. System includes power supply protection using N+1 (extra unit)
181. System supports replacement of power supplies
182. System includes multiple hard drives
183. System includes intelligent RAID controller with adequate storage capacity
184. System supports at least one of RAID 1, 5, or 1/0
185. RAID support includes notification of failed drive
187. RAID subsystem supports manual replacement of failed drive
188. System includes alert indicators for occurrence of failure
189. System includes alert indicators for imminence of failure
190. Remote new system setup and service boot support uses DHCP and TFTP
191. Expansion devices can be remotely managed
192. System supports Windows hardware instrumentation implementation guidelines
193. System includes driver support for WMI
194. Management information service provider enabled by default
195. SOHO system processor capabilities meet minimum requirements
196. SOHO system memory capacity meets minimum requirements
197. SOHO system design meets ACPI 1.0 specification and related requirements
198. SOHO hardware design supports OnNow initiative
199. SOHO system startup meets requirements for OnNow support
200. USB host controller on SOHO system can wake the system
201. SOHO system does not include ISA expansion devices
202. Parallel port on SOHO system meets requirements for bus and device classes
203. SOHO hard drives meet minimum performance requirements
204. SOHO system includes Fibre Channel controller and peripherals
206. SOHO system includes intelligent RAID controller with adequate storage capacity
207. RAID subsystem for SOHO server supports automatic replacement of failed drive
208. System processor capabilities meet minimum requirements
209. Multiprocessor-capable Enterprise systems comply with symmetric multiprocessor support specifications and meet minimum expansion requirements
210. Enterprise system memory capacity meets minimum requirements
211. Enterprise system hard drives meet minimum performance requirements
212. Single-tape device for Enterprise server meets minimum capacity requirements
213. Enterprise system supports replacement of power supplies
214. Enterprise system supports replacement of fans
215. Enterprise system includes intelligent RAID controller with adequate storage capacity
216. Enterprise system supports at least one of RAID 1, 5, or 1/0
217. RAID subsystem for Enterprise server supports manual replacement of failed drive
218. SCSI controllers provide multi-initiator support
Glossary
See also the Hardware Glossary available on http://www.microsoft.com/hwdev/glossary.htm.
Acronyms and Abbreviations
ABR available bit rate
ACE access control entry
ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power
Interface
ADA Americans with Disabilities Act
ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
ANSI American National Standards Institute
API application programming interface
APIC Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
ARC advanced RISC computing
ASCII American Standard Code for
Information
Interchange
ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
AT IBM registered trademark for PC/AT
ATA AT Attachment
ATAPI ATA Packet Interface
ATM asynchronous transfer mode
BAR base address register
BDA BIOS Data Area
BIOS basic I/O system
bps bits per second
CBR constant bit rate
CHAP challenge handshake authentication
protocol
CID CompatibleID
CIM Common Information Model
CISC complex instructions set computers
CMOS complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
COM 1.
Component Object Model; 2. legacy serial port.
CSS copy scramble system
DAC digital-to-analog converter
DCE Data Communications Equipment
DDK device driver kit
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DLL dynamic link library
DMA direct memory access
DMI Desktop Management Interface
DMTF Desktop Management Task Force
DSVD digital simultaneous voice/data
ECC error correction code
ECP extended capabilities port
EDT European Deaf Telephone
EIDE Enhanced Integrated Device Electronics
EISA extended ISA
EPP enhanced parallel port
ESCD Extended System Configuration Data
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards
Institute
FCD floppy disk controller
FC-PH Fibre Channel Physical, Revision 4.3
FIFO first in/first out
FSK Frequency Shift Keyed
GB gigabyte
GSM global system for mobile communications
HAL hardware abstraction layer
HCL Hardware Compatibility List
HCT Hardware Compatibility Tests
HDLC high-level data link control
HID Human Interface Device
HMMP HyperMedia
Management Protocol
HSM hierarchical storage management
Hz Hertz
IDE Integrated Device Electronics
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
IHV independent hardware vendor
I/O input/output
IOCTL I/O control
IP Internet Protocol
IPX/SPX Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange protocol
IRP I/O request packet
IRQ interrupt request
ISA Industry Standard Architecture
ISDN Integrated Service Digital Network
I2O Intelligent I/O
ITU International Telecommunications Union
LAN local area network
LBA logical block addressing
LED light-emitting diode
LPT line printer
LSI large-scale integration
L2 Level 2
LUN logical unit number
MAC Media Access Control
MB megabyte
Mb/s megabits per second
MSCS Microsoft Cluster Server
MDK Modem Developers Kit
MEI Matsushita Electronics Incorporated
ms millisecond
MSDN Microsoft Developer Network
NCSC National Computer Security Center
NDIS Network Driver
Interface Specification
NetBEUI NetBIOS Extended User Interface
NIUF National ISDN User’s Forum
NMI Nonmaskable Interrupt
NTMS Windows NT Media Services
OAM operation and maintenance
OEM original equipment manufacturer
OpenHCI Open Host Controller Interface
OSI Open System Interface
PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect
PCI 2.1 PCI Local Bus Specification, Revision 2.1
PCM pulse coded modulation
PIO programmed I/O
PLDA Private Loop Direct Attach
POST power-on self-test
PPP point-to-point protocol
PS/2 Personal System/2
PTT Post, Telephone, and Telegraph
QIC Quarter-Inch Cartridge
QOS Quality of Service
RADSL rate adaptive digital subscriber line
RAID retrieval and information database
RAM random access memory
RFC Request for Comments
RISC reduced instruction set computing
ROM read-only memory
rt real time
SCSI small computer system interface
SDK software developers kit
SFF Small Form Factor
SIG Special
Interest Group
SMART Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and
Reporting
Technology
SMP symmetric multiprocessing
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SOHO small office/home office
SPID service profile identifier
STS/EN Status and Enable bits (ACPI)
SVGA Super VGA
TAPI Telephony Application Program Interface
TB terabyte
TCO total cost of ownership
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol
TDD Telephone Device for the Deaf
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol
UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
UBR unspecified bit rate
UDF universal disk format
UHCI Universal Host Controller Interface
Unimodem universal modem driver
UPS uninterruptible power supply
USB Universal Serial Bus
VAR value-added retailer
VBR variable bit rate
VC virtual channel
VCI virtual channel identifier
VDM virtual device manager
VGA video graphics array
VPI virtual path identifier
WBEM Web-based Enterprise Management
WDL Windows Driver Library
WDM Win32 Driver Model
WfM Wired
for Management
WHQL Windows Hardware Quality Laboratory
WMI Windows Management Instrumentation
Hardware Glossary
A
ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power Interface. A specification that defines a new interface to the system board that enables the operating system to implement operating system–directed power management and system configuration. Following the ACPI allows system manufacturers to build systems consistent with the OnNow design initiative for instantly available PCs.
ACPI hardware Computer hardware with the features necessary to support operating system power management and with the interfaces to those features described using the Description Tables as specified in
Advanced Configuration and Power Interface Specification.
add-on devices Devices that are traditionally added to the base system to increase functionality, such as audio, networking, graphics, SCSI controller, and so on. Add-on devices fall into two categories: devices built onto the system board and devices on expansion cards added to the system through a system board connector such as PCI.
ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line. A method for moving data over regular phone lines. An ADSL circuit is much faster than a regular phone connection, and the wires coming into the subscriber’s premises are the same (copper) wires used for regular phone service.
API Application programming interface. A set of routines that an applications program uses to request and carry out lower-level services performed by a computer operating system.
architecture A general term referring to the structure of all or part of a computer system. Also covers the design of system software, such as the operating system, as well as referring to the combination of hardware and basic software that links machines on a computer network.
ATA AT Attachment. An integrated bus usually used between host processors and disk drives. Used interchangeably with IDE.
ATAPI ATA Packet Interface. A hardware and software specification that documents the interface between a host computer and CD‑ROM drives using the ATA bus.
ATM Asynchronous transfer mode. A transmission protocol that segments user traffic into small, fixed-size units called cells, which are transmitted to their destination, where they are reassembled into the original traffic. During transmission, cells from different users may be intermixed asynchronously to maximize utilization of network resources.
B
bandwidth Usually used in reference to the amount of data per unit of time that must move from one point to another, such as from CD‑ROM to processor.
BIOS Basic I/O system. A set of routines that works closely with the hardware to support the transfer of information between elements of the system, such as memory, disks, and the monitor. Although critical to performance, the BIOS is usually invisible to the end user; however, programmers can access it.
bps Bits per second. The number of bits transferred per second in a data communications system. A measure of speed.
bus enumerator In a Plug and Play system, a bus device driver that detects devices located on a specific bus and loads information about devices into the hardware tree.
C
cache A special memory subsystem in which frequently used data values are duplicated for quick access.
CD-ROM Compact disc read-only memory. A 4.75‑inch laser-encoded optical memory storage medium (developed by NV Philips and Sony Corporation) with the same constant linear velocity (CLV) spiral format as compact audio discs and some video discs. CD‑ROM discs can hold about 550 MB of data.
CI Component Instrumentation. A specification for DMI related to the service layer.
class For hardware, the manner in which devices and buses are grouped for purposes of installing and managing device drivers and allocating resources.
class driver A driver
that provides system-required, hardware-independent support for a given class of physical devices. Such a driver communicates with a corresponding hardware-dependent port driver, using a set of system-defined device control requests, possibly with additional driver-defined device control requests. Under WDM, the class driver is responsible for multiprocessor and interrupt synchronization.
COM 1. Component Object Model; the core of OLE. Defines how OLE objects and their clients interact within processes or across process boundaries. 2. Legacy serial port.
CPU Central processing unit. A computational and control unit of a computer; the device that interprets and executes instructions. By definition, the CPU is the chip that functions as the “brain” of the computer.
D
data rate The speed of a data transfer process, normally expressed in bits per second or bytes per second.
DDC Display data channel. The Plug and Play baseline for monitors. The communications channel between a monitor and the display adapter to which it is connected. This channel provides a method for the monitor to convey its identity to the display adapter.
device Any circuit that performs a specific function, such as a parallel port.
device ID A unique ASCII string for a device created by enumerators to identify a hardware device and used to cross-reference data about the device stored in the registry. Distinguishes each logical device and bus from all others on the system.
disk I/O controller Also HDC. A special-purpose chip and circuitry that directs and controls reading from and writing to a computer’s disk drive.
DLL Dynamic link library. API routines that User‑mode applications access through ordinary procedure calls. The code for the API routine is not included in the user’s executable image. Instead, the operating system automatically points the executable image to the DLL procedures at run time.
DMA Direct memory access. A method of moving data from a device to memory (or vice versa) without the help of the microprocessor. The system board uses a DMA controller to handle a fixed number of channels, each of which can be used by only one device at a time.
DMI Desktop Management Interface. A framework created by the DMTF. DMTF specifications define industry-standard interfaces for instrumentation providers and management applications.
driver Kernel-mode code used either to control or emulate a hardware device.
driver stack Device objects that forward IRPs to other device objects. Stacking always occurs from the bottom up and is torn down from the top.
DVD Optical disk storage that encompasses audio, video, and computer data.
E
ECP Extended capabilities port. An asynchronous, 8‑bit–wide parallel channel defined by IEEE 1284
–1944 that provides PC-to-peripheral and peripheral-to-PC data transfers.
EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture. A 32‑bit expansion bus designed as a superset of the ISA bus. Designed to expand the speed and data width of the legacy expansion bus while still supporting older ISA cards.
enumerator A Plug and Play device driver that detects devices below its own device node, creates unique device IDs, and reports to Configuration Manager during startup. For example, a SCSI adapter provides a SCSI enumerator that detects devices on the SCSI bus.
expansion bus A group of control lines that provide a buffered interface to devices located either on the system board or on cards that are plugged into expansion connectors. Common expansion buses included on the system board are USB, PC Card, and PCI.
expansion card A card that connects to an expansion bus and contains one or more devices.
expansion ROM See option ROM.
F
FDC Floppy disk controller. A chip and associated circuitry that directs and controls reading from and writing to a computer’s disk drive.
FIFO First in/first out. A method for processing a queue in which items are removed in the same order they were added.
filters 1. Components that provide the basic building blocks for processing data. 2. Under the WDM Stream architecture, also known as a functional device or multimedia processing driver. Each filter’s capability is described in part by a number of connection points called pins. Each pin can consume, produce, or both consume and produce a data stream such as digital audio. Specialized tasks can be solved by connecting filters by way of their pins into a topology—for example, to play filtered and mixed audio. 3. Under WDM, a filter is implemented as a kernel-mode entity that is a device object usually implemented by a kernel driver. 4. Under ActiveMovie, a filter is a User-mode entity that is an instance of a COM object, usually implemented by a DLL.
full duplex In terms of data flow, indicates
bi-directional data flow.