nyuuzyou/kompy huggingface dataset:
End-user license agreement for microsoft software

END-USER LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR MICROSOFT SOFTWARE Microsoft Windows sdk for Pocket pc 2003 IMPORTANT-READ CAREFULLY: This Microsoft End-User License Agreement ("EULA") is a legal agreement between you (either an individual or a single entity) and Microsoft Corporation for the Microsoft software product identified above, which includes computer software and may include associated media, printed materials, and "online" or electronic documentation ("SOFTWARE PRODUCT"). By installing, copying, or otherwise using the SOFTWARE PRODUCT, you agree to be bound by the terms of this EULA. An amendment or addendum to this EULA may accompany the SOFTWARE PRODUCT. YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS EULA BY INSTALLING, COPYING, OR OTHERWISE USING THE SOFTWARE PRODUCT. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE, DO NOT INSTALL OR USE THE SOFTWARE PRODUCT.
ACTIVITIES OF THE FACULTY

The faculty trains specialists who create programs for collecting, processing and transmitting information, developing software for computer and telecommunication systems and networks, creating database management programs, personnel for professional education and telecommunication technologies in the field of ICT at the Bachelor and Master levels.
FACULTY ACTIVITIES
The Faculty of Software Engineering and Digital Economy was established on March 1, 2023. At the faculty, bachelor and master programs are aimed training specialists in the field of management and creation of software for computers and mobile devices, collection, processing and transmission of information, software for computer and telecommunication systems and networks. Specialists are trained creating software development, database management programs.
RESUME
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IT TERMS - It products. Mobile phones

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It products. Mobile phones
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bet | 6/13 | Sana | 16.05.2024 | Hajmi | 468,13 Kb. | | #237740 |
Bog'liq horijiy tilIT TERMS
Task 1. Speaking about multimedia devices Multimedia devices
Multimedia devices are electronic gadgets or equipment that can process, manage, and reproduce different types of media, such as text, audio, images, graphics, video, and interactive content. These devices have become essential for entertainment, communication, collaboration, and information sharing. They play a significant role in various areas, from personal use and education to professional and industrial applications.
Types of multimedia devices include: Audio devices:
MP3 players: Devices designed for playing digital audio files, such as music, podcasts, and audiobooks.
Bluetooth speakers: Wireless speakers that allow users to play audio from smartphones, tablets, or computers.
Smart speakers: Voice-controlled speakers, like Amazon Echo and Google Home, that come with built-in digital assistants and can perform various tasks.
Video devices:
DVD and Blu-ray players: Devices for playing high-definition digital video content on physical discs.
Streaming devices: Gadgets, such as Roku, Apple TV, and Google Chromecast, that allow users to stream online multimedia content to their TVs or other display devices.
Smart TVs: Televisions with built-in internet connectivity and app support, enabling users to access various online multimedia content and services.
Gaming devices:
Gaming consoles: Devices like PlayStation, Xbox, and Nintendo Switch, designed to play video games on a television or other display.
Handheld gaming devices: Portable gadgets, such as the PlayStation Vita and Nintendo DS, that allow users to play video games on the go.
Virtual reality headsets: Devices like Oculus Rift and HTC Vive, which immerse users in a simulated and interactive environment.
Mobile devices:
Smartphones: Modern cell phones that perform various functions beyond making calls and sending messages, such as surfing the internet, streaming media, and running various apps.
Tablets: Portable touch-screen devices like iPads and Android tablets that serve similar purposes as smartphones but with larger screens and greater multimedia capabilities.
E-readers: Devices like Amazon Kindle and Barnes & Noble Nook, which specialize in displaying digital book content and offer various features like adjustable text size and built-in dictionaries.
Others:
Interactive whiteboards: Large touch-sensitive displays often used in educational and professional settings for teaching, presentations, and collaboration.
Projectors: Devices used to project images, videos, or presentations onto a larger surface, such as a wall or screen, for better visibility.
These are just a few examples of the many multimedia devices available, reflecting the wide range of capabilities and applications that they support.
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Asosiy adabiyotlar - 7-mustaqil ish bajardi: Oqmardiyev S. Tekshirdi: Xo`jayev A

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7-mustaqil ish bajardi: Oqmardiyev S. Tekshirdi: Xo`jayev A
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bet | 2/2 | Sana | 20.12.2023 | Hajmi | 91,71 Kb. | | #124539 |
Bog'liq 7-mustaqil ishAsosiy adabiyotlar:
1. N. Jiyanova, O. Mo‘ydinova. Nutq madaniyati. - Т.: “Ilm ziyo zakovat”, 2019. 221 b.
2. XolmonovaZ. Adabiy tildan ma’ruzalar umumlashmasi-T.: «0‘zbekiston», 2013,250 b.
3. Qo‘ng‘urov R., Begmatov E., Tojiyev Yo. Nutq madaniyati va uslubiyat asoslari, - Т.: “Fan”, 1992, 254b.
4. Husanov.N., Rasulov, Mo‘ydinov Q. Nutq madaniyati va notiqlik san’ati .-Т.: “IQTISOD-MOLIYA”, 2006.
5. M. Axmedova. Nutk madaniyati va professional notiklik. TATU, 2017, 1146.
6. M. Aminov, A. Madvaliyev, N.Maxkamov, N Maxmudov. Ish yuritish (amaliy kullanma). Toshkent, 2017 y . - 440 b.
7. X.S. Muhiddinova, N. A. Abdullayeva. Rasmiy uslubning diplomatik turlari T; 1997 у.
8. Д.А.Бабахонова. Официальный деловой стиль современного узбекского литературного языка. АКД, Т., 1987 г.
9. M.Abdurahmanova. O‘zbek tili fanidan uslubiy qo‘llanma. Ish yuritish tili va uslubi. Т., 2018.
10. Jerald Aired, Charles Brusaw, Walter Oliu. Handbook of technical writing. New York, Copyright 2003.
11. Stephen Bailey. Akademic writing. Handbook for international student’s. London, 2015
Qo‘shimcha adabiyotlar
1. M.X.Axmedova, K.A.Gayubova. “0‘zbek tili”. T. TATU, “Aloqachi”, 2019.
2. Mahmudov N.O‘qituvchi nutqi madaniyati. Т.: «0‘zbekiston milliy kutubxonasi», 2009,188b.
3. Husanov N., Mirahmedova Z. Mutaxassislik tili. Т.: TM1, 2003.
4. A.H. Белов, В.H.Белов. Корреспонденция и делопроизводство. М.. 1988 г.
5. Д.В.Васильев. Делопроизводство на компьютере. Практические рекомендации. М., 1999 г.
6. S.V.Usmanov va .b. Uzbek tilida ish yuritish amaliyoti. T. 1999 y.
7. Ruscha - o‘zbekcha Iug‘at (2 jildli). - Toshkent: O‘zbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi, 2013.
8. 0’zbek tilining izohli lugati (5 jildli). - Toshkent: O‘zbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi, 2005-2008.
9. Jumaniyozov R., Nutqiy mahorat .-Т.: “Adolat”, 2005, 90 b.
Axborot manbalari
1.http://solver.uz/translate.php - Русско-узбекский переводчик.
2.http://sahifa.tj/uzbeksko_russkij- aspx- Узбекско-русский переводчик.
3.http://library.ziyonet.uz/ - ta’lim portali.
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Mavzu: speaker indenfication guruh: 051-20 Bajardi

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Mavzu: speaker indenfication guruh: 051-20 Bajardi
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bet | 1/7 | Sana | 08.01.2024 | Hajmi | 0,52 Mb. | | #132475 |
Bog'liq 1 TIZIM SIGNAL TOP 1
O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI AXBOROT TEXNOLOGIYALARI VA KOMMUNIKATSIYALARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH VAZIRLIGI
MUHAMMAD AL-XORAZMIY NOMIDAGI TOSHKENT AXBOROT TEXNOLOGIYALARI UNIVERSITETI
Tizimlar va signallarni qayta ishlash fanidan
TOPSHIRIQ 1
Mavzu: SPEAKER INDENFICATION
Guruh: 051-20
Bajardi: Tojiboev M.M
Tekshirdi: __________
Toshkent-2024
Sun'iy intellektga ega robotlar yoki biz kelajakda mavjud deb tasavvur qiladigan sintetik yordamchilar o'z-o'zidan paydo bo'lmaydi. Insoniy sun'iy intellekt xuddi LEGO ning maftunkor zarrasi kabi bo'lak-bo'lak quriladi va ular asta-sekin birlashtirilayotgan bir qator texnologik inqiloblarning durdonalariga aylanadi. Shu sababli, chaqaloq qadamlari bo'lgan mashinani o'rganish yoki chuqur o'rganishning har bir rivojlanishi ushbu inqilobning rivojlanish bosqichlarini tashkil qiladi.Artificial in telligence components consist of algorithms that recognize, describe, and act accordingly. We are in a process where its development will never stop and every revolution will give rise to a new formation.
Evolution of Speaker Identification Technologies
By using the developed technologies, it is possible to identify a person’s hand, fingerprint, sound, eye, signature, retina, ear shape, DNA, keyboard basis pattern, smell, and gait criteria in every environment. There are unique human measurable physiological indicators that are used for automatic identification or verification. These tangible human characteristics can’t be forgotten or lost unless there is physical distress or attack. Because they are always with us.
The value of auditory information is increasing day by day. We know it is there, but not visible, however, it can be heard. For example, NASA strives to detect sounds (signal) coming from the universe due to figure out the answers about the big bang or secrets of space. In that case, what developments do sound identification technologies, which are remarkable even outside the world, an exhibit on the earth?
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Eu vet programme II bosnia and Herzegovina

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Eu vet programme II bosnia and Herzegovina
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Sana | 28.03.2020 | Hajmi | 75,5 Kb. | | #9241 |
FAMILIJA
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Elektrotehnika
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ZANIMANJE
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Električar
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PREDMET
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Stručna praksa
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MODUL
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Elektrostatika i elektrodinamika
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REDNI BROJ
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3
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ŠIFRA MODULA
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02-SP-01-03
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SVRHA MODULA
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U ovom modulu učenici stiču iskustva iz elektrotehnike kroz eksperimentalnu provjeru postulata i zakona naučenih kroz teoretsku nastavu.
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SPECIJALNI ZAHTJEVI / PREDUSLOVI
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Nema ih
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CILJEVI
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Opšti ciljevi su da učenici upoznaju:
-elektrostatiku,
-elektrodinamiku.
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JEDINICE
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Modul nije izdijeljen u jedinice.
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REZULTATI
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Učenici treba da se osposobe za:
-demonstrirati privlačenje i odbijanje naelektrisanih tijela,
-demonstrirati privlačnu moć naelektrisanih i neutralnih tijela,
-demonstrirati provođenje elektriciteta i električnu influenciju,
-detektovati statički elektricitet elektroskopom,
-demonstrirati dejstvo Faradejevog kaveza,
-generisati naelektrisanje Van de Grafovim generatorom,
-demonstrirati razelektrisanje uzemljivanjem,
-izmjeriti potencijal tijela,
-izmjeriti električni kapacitet i napon na kondenzatoru,
-formirati električni krug,
-izmjeriti jačinu struje u krugu i napon na potrošaču,
-izmjeriti specifičnu otpornost bakra,
-demonstrirati povećanje otpora sa povećanjem temperature provodnika,
-eksperimentalno dokazati Omov zakon,
-izmjeriti otpor serijski i paralelno vezanih otpornika,
-eksperimentalno dokazati I Kirhofov zakon,
-eksperimentalno dokazati II Kirhofov zakon,
-izmjeriti snagu potrošača,
-eksperimentalno dokazati Džul-Lencov zakon.
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SMJERNICE
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Materiju koja se obrađuje u ovom modulu treba prezentirati učenicima u prikladnoj formi vodeći računa o stvarnim profesionalnim porebama električara. Preporučljivo je da se materija ovog modula proradi kroz određen broj laboratorijskih vježbi. Nastavnik prije vježbi priprema za učenike nastavne materijale u koje učenici upisuju rezultate mjerenja i u kojima ih obrađuju.
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INTEGRACIJA
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Ovaj modul je usko vezan za modul Osnova elektrotehnike, 02-ST-01-01.
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IZVORI
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Za izvođenje nastave ovog predmeta neophodna je laboratorija opremljena za izvođenje vježbi iz elektrostatike i elektrodinamike.
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OCJENJIVANJE
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Na kraju svakog radnog dana nastavnik ocjenjuje rad učenika. Konačna ocjena za modul se dobiva kao aritmetička sredina svih ocjena dobivenih u toku modula.
Napomena:
Modul sadrži 5-6 radnih dana.
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MODUL PRIPREMIO/LA (RADNA GRUPA)
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IZMJENE MODULA (DATUM, IME OSOBE KOJA JE NAPRAVILA IZMJENE)
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NAPOMENA
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Strana od
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It products. Mobile phones - bet 8

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It products. Mobile phones
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bet | 8/13 | Sana | 16.05.2024 | Hajmi | 468,13 Kb. | | #237740 |
Bog'liq horijiy tilTask 1.
Correct and write these sentences on the line below.
He said her that he loved her.
He said to her that he loved her
She said she knows the answer.
She said she knew the answer
Timur said had bought the tickets.
Timur said he had bought the tickets.
She told me don’t speak in the library.
She told me not to speak in the library.
Guzal asked if had he finished.
Guzal asked id he had finished.
RTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Prepare a PPT presentation on the theme Artificial Intelligence
The U.S. Department of Education (Department) is committed to supporting the use of technology to improve teaching and learning and to support innovation throughout educational systems. This report addresses the clear need for sharing knowledge and developing policies for “Artificial Intelligence,” a rapidly advancing class of foundational capabilities which are increasingly embedded in all types of educational technology systems and are also available to the public. We will consider “educational technology” (edtech) to include both (a)
technologies specifically designed for educational use, as well as (b) general technologies that are widely used in educational settings. Recommendations in this report seek to engage teachers, educational leaders, policy makers, researchers, and educational technology innovators and providers as they work together on pressing policy issues that arise as Artificial Intelligence (AI) is used in education.
AI can be defined as “automation based on associations.” When computers automate reasoning based on associations in data (or associations deduced from expert knowledge), two shifts fundamental to AI occur and shift computing beyond conventional edtech: (1) from capturing data to detecting patterns in data and (2) from providing access to instructional resources to automating decisions about instruction and other educational processes. Detecting patterns and automating decisions are leaps in the level of responsibilities that can be delegated to a computer system. The process of developing an AI system may lead to bias in how patterns are detected and unfairness in how decisions are automated. Thus, educational systems must govern their use of AI systems. This report describes opportunities for using AI to improve education, recognizes challenges that will arise, and develops recommendations to guide further policy development
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Questions: Answer orally - It products. Mobile phones

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It products. Mobile phones
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bet | 7/13 | Sana | 16.05.2024 | Hajmi | 468,13 Kb. | | #237740 |
Bog'liq horijiy til
What are multimedia devices?
What types of multimedia devices do you know?
What multimedia device do you prefer?
REPORTED SPEECH
Simple present
He said, “I like her”.
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Simple past
He said (that) he liked her.
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Simple past
She said, “I went to Paris”.
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Past perfect
She said that she had gone to Paris.
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Present continuous
She said, “I am waiting for him”.
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Past continuous
She said (that) she was waiting for him.
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Past continuous
She said, “I was writing a book”.
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Past perfect continuous
She said (that) she had been writing a book.
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Will
He said, “I will open the door”.
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Would
He said (that) he would open the door.
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Must
She said, “I must work hard”.
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Had to
She said (that) she had to work hard.
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There are two ways to report what someone says or thinks:
Direct Speech
Direct speech shows a person’s exact words. Quotation marks (“....”) are a sign that the words are the exact words that a person used.
Example
Hai asked, "Where are you going?" Manny replied, "I'm going home."
Reported Speech
Reported speech puts the speaker's words or ideas into a sentence without quotation marks. Noun clauses are usually used. In reported speech, the reader does not assume that the words are the speaker's exact words; often, they are a paraphrase of the speaker's words.
Example
Hai asked Manny where he was going. Manny said he was going home.
Note: Use of the word "that" is optional in reported speech. Both of the following sentences are correct:
The child said that they were lost.
The child said they were lost.
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Task 2. After reading the article guess if 1-8 below are true(T) or false (F)

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Task 2. After reading the article guess if 1-8 below are true(T) or false (F)
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bet | 3/13 | Sana | 16.05.2024 | Hajmi | 468,13 Kb. | | #237740 |
Bog'liq horijiy til Task 2. After reading the article guess if 1-8 below are true(T) or false (F).
Oxford University conducted a study on videoconferencing. T / F false
A researcher called tiredness while online "Zoom fatigue". T / F true
The article says all of us have spent a long time online in the past year. T / F true
Educators said they resent having to use video-conferencing to teach. T / F false
The researcher outlined seven reasons why video-conferencing is bad. T / F false
The researcher said fatigue can come because of cognitive overload. T / F true
The researcher said people feel pressure to be constantly online. T / F false
The researcher likened video-conferencing to speaking in public. T / F true
Task 3. Match the following synonyms from the article. (The words in bold are from the news article.)
1. Investigated - e. examined
2. Spells - i. periods of time
3. Phenomenon - b. happening
4. Array - g. range
5. Relied - j. depended
6. Outlined - a. Defined
7. Perpetually - d. always
8. cautioned - f. warned
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Task 2. Put the words from the vocabulary task 2

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Task 2. Put the words from the vocabulary task 2
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bet | 2/13 | Sana | 16.05.2024 | Hajmi | 468,13 Kb. | | #237740 |
Bog'liq horijiy til Task 2. Put the words from the vocabulary task 2.
1. Another word for dangerous is perilous.
2. The device used for playing video games is a gaming console.
3. The term "funded" means financed.
4. Microwaves are a type of radiation.
5. A synonym for "to show" is exhibit.
Task 3. Complete this text about basic principles of mobile telephony with the following words.
Mobile phones, also called (1) cellular phones or cell phones for short, need a network of towers or antennas to transmit calls. In a cellular system, a city is divided into smaller sections or (2) cells where
the (3) base stations usually occupy a central position. When you are outside your service provider’s coverage (4)area,
your telephone may become our of (5) range unless your telephone allows (6) roaming, i.e. the ability to use another service provider’s network.
VIDEOCONFERENCE
Task 1. Read and translate the given text.
A new study from Stanford University has investigated the effects on our health of extended spells of video-conferencing. Researcher and communications expert Jeremy Bailenson dubbed the phenomenon "Zoom fatigue," but acknowledged the condition is not restricted to just that platform. In the past year, most of us have spent extended periods of time online using an array of video- conferencing platforms. The coronavirus pandemic has meant tools like Zoom, FaceTime, Skype and Google Hangouts have been the only way we have been able to see and chat to loved ones. Many companies have relied heavily on video- conferencing for meetings, and educators have used them to teach their lessons online.
Mr Bailenson outlined several factors that make video-conferencing so fatigue-inducing. He said it is not just tiredness and eye-strain from staring at a computer screen for hours and hours. It is also brought about by "cognitive overload" and feeling pressure to be perpetually switched on. We constantly feel we need to be in touch with friends or available for bosses, customers or students. Bailenson cautioned this leads to burnout and stress and can heighten your chance of developing moderate to severe depression. He said this anxiety can adversely affect your self-confidence. This is because of the large number of faces staring at you in meetings. Bailenson likens this to the stresses of public speaking.
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Task 2. Match the words in the left column with the best definition in the right column

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Task 2. Match the words in the left column with the best definition in the right column
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bet | 5/13 | Sana | 16.05.2024 | Hajmi | 468,13 Kb. | | #237740 |
Bog'liq horijiy til Task 2. Match the words in the left column with the best definition in the right column. 2. facets - j. aspects 3. retail - b. sales 4. whopping - e. very big 6. variation - i. differences 8. localized - a. have a specific place 10. geography - h. an area
Task 3. Do the tests
........... you help me with software installation?
A) Must B) Should C) Need D) Can
…...… I use your laptop now?
A) Must B) Should C) May D) Ought to
I enter my password here?
A) Might B) Should C) Had to D) Don’t need to
Which formulae be wrong here? I don’t know why the spreadsheet isn’t
working.
A) can B) must C) need D) have to
Do you think I install new antivirus?
A) should B) had to C) needed D) can
I borrow your USB?
A) Would B) Can C) Need D) May
… you please turn down the sound of your laptop? I’m doing my homework.
A) Should B) Could C) Need D) May
....... they be waiting for a taxi?
Have to B) Shall C) Need D) Might
I think I _________ have failed the test, but I'm not sure.
ought to b) might c) shall d) couldn’t
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Dastur tannarxini hisoblash

Dastur tannarxini hisoblash
1.2. Senior dasturchi
1.3. Project Manager
1.4. Bino qiymati
Dastur tannarxini hisoblash
Download
1,07 Mb.
Sana
23.07.2024
Hajmi
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#268358
Bog'liq
Dastur injinirng 2-deadline
Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
Dastur tannarxini hisoblash
1.2. Senior dasturchi
1.3. Project Manager
1.4. Bino qiymati
2-Deadline . Dasturning tannarxi va sotish narxini hisoblash dasturi HTML va JavaScript .
DASTUR KODI-
HTML Kodi:
Dastur
tannarxini hisoblash
Dastur tannarxini hisoblash
1.1.
Junior dasturchilar
Hodimlar soni:
Ish kunlari:
Oylik ish haqqi:
Kompyuter qiymati:
1.2.
Senior dasturchi
Hodimlar soni:
Ish kunlari:
Oylik ish haqqi:
Kompyuter qiymati:
Printer qiymati:
1.3.
Project Manager
Hodimlar soni:
Ish kunlari:
Oylik ish haqqi:
Kompyuter qiymati:
Printer qiymati::
1.4. Bino qiymati:
Bino qiymati::
Hisoblash
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Download
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Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
Dərs
Mühazirə
Qaydalar
Referat
Xülasə
Yazı
Dastur tannarxini hisoblash
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1,07 Mb.
How Does Artificial Intelligence Work?

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How Does Artificial Intelligence Work?
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bet | 9/13 | Sana | 16.05.2024 | Hajmi | 468,13 Kb. | | #237740 |
Bog'liq horijiy til How Does Artificial Intelligence Work?
AI systems are typically composed of two main components: an algorithm and a dataset. The algorithm is the set of instructions that tells the system how to process data and make decisions. The dataset is the collection of data that the system uses to learn from and make decisions based on. For example, an AI system might use a dataset of images to learn how to recognize objects in photos.
What Are the Benefits of Artificial Intelligence?
AI has many potential benefits, including increased efficiency, improved accuracy, and enhanced decision-making capabilities. AI systems can help automate mundane tasks, freeing up time for more important work. They can also provide more accurate results than humans can achieve on their own, reducing
errors and improving accuracy. Finally, AI systems can help businesses make better decisions by providing insights into customer behavior or market trends that would otherwise be difficult or impossible to uncover.
In conclusion, artificial intelligence is an exciting field with many potential applications in both business and consumer settings. By understanding what AI is and how it works, businesses can begin to harness its power to improve their operations and gain a competitive edge in their industry.
Reactive intelligence - As the term implies, reactive intelligence is the type of artificial intelligence that only reacts to certain input. Reactive AI does not have the ability to form memories or use past experiences in order to make a decision. On other words, they are incapable of learning in the traditional sense. Instead, the AI is programmed and will react with a predefined set of parameters. One of the most famous examples is IBM’s Deep Blue chess computer that was able to beat Garry Kasparov in 1997
Limited memory intelligence - This type of AI is an improvement over reactive AI in the sense that it is capable of using memory to study past data and then make a decision based on those choices. The type of memory this form of AI uses in general is short-lived or temporary memory. One of the more famous example of a limited memory AI is a self-driving car. The AI that is built into the car can use sensors and then call upon its previous memory in order to identify pedestrians or traffic signals. In this way, it is able to make quick decisions that can reduce accidents occurrence. An important thing to add is that machines that operate on a limited memory principle have a set of values pre-programmed and are unable to change those main parameters. They can adapt to new changes by modifying the original program, but they cannot change their behavior unaided.
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potentsiallarning ko’ndalang ayirmasi

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potentsiallarning ko’ndalang ayirmasi
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bet | 3/3 | Sana | 17.05.2024 | Hajmi | 171,6 Kb. | | #240624 |
potentsiallarning ko’ndalang ayirmasi hosil bo’ladi. Bu Xoll kuchlanishi deb ataladi. Xoll kuchlanishining ishorasi va amplitudasi magnit va elektr maydonlarining yo’nalishi va miqdoriga bog’liq. Fiksirlangan haroratda uni quyidagi formula orqali ifodalash mumkin:
VH=hBsin
Bu erda — magnit maydoni vektori va Xoll plastinasi tekisligi orasidagi burchak
h — datchikning sezgirligi. Datchikning sezgirlik qiymati plastinani materialiga, uning yuzasiga va haroratga bog’liq.
Xoll datchigining chiqish signali magnit maydoni vektori va plastina yuzasi orasidagi burchak qiymatiga bog’liq.
Xoll datchigini to’liq sezgirligi Xoll koeffitsentiga bog’liq. Xoll koeffitsenti ko’ndalang elektr potentsiallar gradientiga, magnit maydoni intensivligi birligiga va tok zichligi birligiga bog’liq. Metallarda erkin elektronlar nazariyasiga muvofiq, Xoll koeffitsenti quyidagi formula orqali aniqlanadi:
Bunda N — hajm birligida erkin elektronlar soni, c — yorug’lik tezligi. Materialning kristall strukturasiga qarab, zaryadlar elektron (manfiy) yoki tuynuk (musbat) bo’lishi mumkin. Shuning uchun ham Xoll effekti manfiy yoki musbat bo’ladi.
Xoll datchigining chiqish signali plastina tekisligi va magnit maydoni vektori orasidagi burchakka bog’liq.
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Xromat kislota - Kislotalarning ishlatilishi

Xromat kislota. Uhim noorganik kimyoviy mahsulot sifatida xrom tuzi
metallurgiya, elektrokaplama, ko'nchilik, matbaa va bo'yash, pigment, kauchuk,
yog'ochni himoya qilish va boshqa sanoat tarmoqlarida keng qo'llaniladi. U
dunyodagi eng raqobatbardosh sakkizta resurs xomashyosi qatoriga kiradi.
Iqtisodiyotning uzluksiz rivojlanishi bilan turli sohalar uchun zarur
xomashyo
sifatida xrom kislotasi mamlakatimizda va xorijda yildan-yilga katta talabga ega.
Yangi sintetik usullar bo'yicha tadqiqotlar ancha faoldir "yashil texnologiya" deb
nomlanuvchi Elektrokataliz boshqa jarayonlarning yuqori resurslardan foydalanish
darajasi, yaxshi mahsulot sifati, yumshoq sharoit va ifloslanishning yo'qligi kabi
beqiyos afzalliklariga ega. Bu turli mamlakatlarda natriy xromatdan xom ashyo
sifatida foydalangan holda Milliy Tabiatshunoslik Jamg'armasi loyihasi va Fan va
texnologiya vazirligining loyihasi doirasida qizg'in tadqiqot mavzusiga aylandi. ,
Xrom angidridning ikki bosqichli elektrokatalitik sintezida anod materiallarini
skrining va elektrokatalitik ishlashi, jarayon holatini optimallashtirish,
elektrokatalitik sintez jarayonida ish kuchlanishining o'zgarishi qonuni, makro
dinamika, ion membranani ifloslanishi va tozalash bo'yicha asosiy tadqiqotlar
muhim muhandislik dastur istiqbollariga ega. anod nafaqat elektrokatalitik sintez
jarayonining katalizatori, balki elektrokatalitik reaksiya uchun joy hamdir.
Kislotalarning ishlatilishi
Mavzusidan testlar
1. To'g'ri yoki noto'g'ri: kislotalar pH qiymati 7 dan yuqori bo'lgan
moddalardir.
2. Bo'sh joyni to'ldiring: kislotalar nordon ta'mga ega va ko'k rangli lakmus
qog'ozini \_____ ga aylantirishi mumkin.
3. Ko'p tanlov: Quyidagilardan qaysi biri kuchli kislota hisoblanadi?
a) Sirka
b) Limon sharbati
c) xlorid kislota
d) Sut
4. To'g'ri yoki noto'g'ri: kislotalar metall yuzalarni zangdan tozalash uchun
ishlatilishi mumkin.
5.Bo'sh joyni to'ldiring: kislotalar metallar bilan reaksiyaga kirishib, \_____ gaz
hosil qiladi.
6. Ko'p tanlov: tsitrus mevalarida odatda qaysi kislota mavjud?
a) nitrat kislota
b) sulfat kislota
c) limon kislotasi
d) Sirka kislotasi
7. To'g'ri yoki noto'g'ri: kislotalar oziq-ovqat va ichimliklarda konservant sifatida
ishlatilishi mumkin.
8. Bo'sh joyni to'ldiring: kislotalar odatda akkumulyatorlarda \_____ hosil
qilish
uchun ishlatiladi.
9. Ko'p tanlov: Avtomobil akkumulyatorlarida qaysi kislota odatda ishlatiladi?
a) xlorid kislota
b) sulfat kislota
c) Sirka kislotasi
d) Fosfor kislotasi
10. To'g'ri yoki noto'g'ri: kislotalar drenajlarni tozalash va tiqilib qolish uchun
ishlatilishi mumkin.
11. Bo'sh joyni to'ldiring: kislotalar asoslar bilan reaksiyaga kirishib \_____ hosil
qiladi.
12. Ko'p tanlov: o'g'itlar ishlab chiqarishda qaysi kislota odatda qo'llaniladi?
a) nitrat kislota
b) sulfat kislota
c) limon kislotasi
d) Sirka kislotasi
13. To'g'ri yoki noto'g'ri: kislotalar bo'yoqlar va pigmentlar ishlab chiqarishda
ishlatilishi mumkin.
14. Bo'sh joyni to'ldiring: Kislotalar \_____ ishlab chiqarishda keng qo'llaniladi.
15. Ko'p tanlov: Plastmassa ishlab chiqarishda odatda qaysi kislota ishlatiladi?
Monostatik radarda - Avtomobil sanoatida ishlatiladigan datchiklar

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Avtomobil sanoatida ishlatiladigan datchiklar
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bet | 2/3 | Sana | 17.05.2024 | Hajmi | 171,6 Kb. | | #240624 |
Monostatik radarda transmitter va resiver uchun bitta antenna ishlatiladi. Bistatik radarda transmitter va resiver uchun bittadan alohida - alohida antennalar ishlatiladi.
radar o’lchovlari uchun sferik koordinatalar sistemasi.
Magnitoelektrik pritsipda ishlaydigan datchiklar
Xoll datchiklari
Xoll datchiklari texnikada ko’p ishlatiladi. Shuning uchun ham uni batafsil yoritamiz. 1879 yilda xozirda Xoll effekti nomi bilan yuritiluvchi fizik xossa aniqlangan. Xoll datchiklari shu effektga asosan ishlaydi. Xozirgi paytda Xoll datchiklari magnit maydonini aniqlash uchun, ob`ektning siljishi va holatini aniqlash uchun ishlatiladi.
Xoll effekti elektr zaryadini tashuvchi va tashqi magnit maydonini o’zaro tasiriga asoslangan. Metallarda zaryad tashuvchi sifatida elektronlar ishtirok etadi. Elektronlar magnit maydonida harakatlanganda magnit maydonida ularga og’diruvchi kuch tasir etadi. Magnit maydoni elektr zaryadini og’dirish kuchi formulasi
F = qvB
Xoll datchigi
Bu erda q = 1,610-19 Kl (kulon) — electron zaryad miqdori, v — electron zaryad tezligi, В — magnit induktsiyasi. F va В miqdorlar vector miqdorlar. Og’diruvchi kuch yo’nalishi va uning miqdori, fazoda magnit oqimini joylashishiga va elektronlar harakati yo’nalishiga bog’liq. Magnit induktsiyasi B ni birligi teslada o’lchanadi. 1 Tesla = 1 Nyuton / (amper x metr) = 104 Gauss.
Aytaylik, elektronlar B magnit maydoniga joylashgan elektr o’tkazuvchi plastina ichida harakatlansin Plastinani ikki tomoniga elektrodlar o’rnatilgan bo’lsin. Ularni voltmetrga ulaymiz. Plastinani yuqori va pastki qismlariga yana ikkita elektrod o’rnatilgan. Ularni tok manbayiga ulaymiz. Tashqi magnit maydoni harakati tasirida og’diruvchi kuch yuzaga keladi. Bu kuch elektronlarni o’ng tomonga og’diradi. Shuning uchun ham o’ng tomondagi elektrod chap tomondagiga nisbatan manfiyroq zaryadlangan bo’ladi. Magnit maydoni va elektr tokini bir – biriga o’zaro tasiri natijasida
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MDYa – tranzistorlarda bajarilgan kalit sxemalar

MDYa – tranzistorlarda bajarilgan kalit sxemalar. Bir turdagi MDYa – tranzistorlarda bajarilgan kalit sxemalarning kamchiligi bo‘lib shu hisoblanadiki, boshqaruvchi tranzistorning ulangan holatida kalit orqali tok oqib o‘tadi. Bu tok juda zarur hisoblanmaydi, chunki maydoniy tranzistorning o‘rnatilgan toki amalda nolga teng bo‘ladi. Komplementar MDYa (kanal o‘tkazuvchanligi qarama – qarshi bo‘lgan tranzistorlarda) bajarilgan kalit sxemalar bu kamchiliklardan holi (65 -rasm). Bu kalitda ikkala tranzistor zatvorlari o‘zaro bog‘lanib yagona kirish hosil qiladilar. Stoklar birlashib yagona chiqish hosil qiladilar, istoklar esa asos bilan birgalikda mos ravishda kuchlanish manbai va umumiy shinaga ulanadilar.
Ikkala tranzistor yagona kirish signali bilan boshqariladi. Lekin, bu tranzistorlarning bo‘sag‘aviy kuchlanish UBO‘S qiymatlari bir – biriga teskari ishoraga ega bo‘lganligi sababli, kirish darajalarining ixtiyoriy qiymatida bu tranzistorlar turli holatda bo‘ladilar. Bir tranzistor ochiq bo‘lganda, ikkinchisi berk bo‘ladi. Haqiqatdan ham, agar kirishga X=U0KIR signal berilsa, VT0 zatvori asosga nisbatan manfiy potensialga ega bo‘ladi U0KIR-EM=-EM.
Demak, VT0 ochiq holatda bo‘ladi. Bu vaqtning o‘zida VT1 tranzistor zatvoridagi potensial asosga nisbatan bo‘sag‘aviy kuchlanishdan kichik qiymatga ega bo‘ladi va bu tranzistor berkiladi. Agar kirishga x=U1KIR signal berilsa, VT1 ochiladi, VT0 tranzistor esa berkiladi, chunki endi uning zatvoridagi kuchlanish asosga nisbatan quyidagiga teng bo‘ladi
.
Shunday qilib, ixtiyoriy stasionar holatda sxema tranzistorlaridan biri berk holatda bo‘ladi, shu sababli sxema manbadan deyarli quvvat iste’mol qilmaydi. Ammo sxema qayta ulanish jarayonida, biror juda kichik vaqt mobaynida ikkala tranzistor ochiq holatda bo‘ladi, chunki ikkinchisi berkilib ulgurmagan bo‘ladi. Komplementar MDYa – tranzistorlarda yasalgan kalit sxemalar bir turdagi MDYa – tranzistorlarda yasalgan kalit sxemalarga nisbatan o‘n marta kam quvvat iste’mol qiladi. Lekin, sxemalarning tezkorligi bir xil bo‘lib kalit chiqish sig‘imining qayta zaryadlanish vaqti bilan belgilanadi.
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UKIR - Mavzu: Komparator va qo’shuv-ayruv amalini bajarish

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Mavzu: Komparator va qo’shuv-ayruv amalini bajarish
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bet | 3/7 | Sana | 22.12.2023 | Hajmi | 26,4 Kb. | | #126968 |
Bog'liq RQL 2 mustaqil ishiUKIR= U0 va UKIR= U1 larga mos keluvchi kirish toklari I0KIR va I1KIR ;
xalaqitlarga bardoshligi – yuqori U1XAL va past U0XAL kirish kuchlanish darajasi bo‘yicha mumkin bo‘lgan maksimal xalaqit kuchlanish qiymati;
manbadan iste’mol qilinayotgan quvvat R;
YeM kuchlanish va IM tok manbalari;
«0» holatdan «1» holatga, yoki aksincha o‘tishdagi qayta ulanish kechikish vaqti;
qayta ulanishlarning (tezkorlik) o‘rtacha kechikish vaqti - 0,5(t0K + t1K).
Zamonaviy statik tizimlarning asosiy negiz elementi bo‘lib Shottki diodlari qo‘llanilgan TTM, I2M, EBM, MDYa – tranzistorlarda (yoki r – kanalli MDYa, yoki n – kanalli MDYa) yasalgan mantiq, komplementar MDYa – tranzistorlarda (KMDYa) yasalgan mantiq elementlari hisoblanadi.
Raqamli integral mikrosxema negiz elementlariga qo‘yiladigan asosiy talab – ularninng tezkorligi, kichik sochilish quvvati, katta joylashtirish zichligi (yagona kristall sirtida joylashgan elementlar soni) va tayyorlanishni texnologikligi hisoblanadi.
Yuqorida sanab o‘tilgan negiz elementlar, u yoki bu, yoki bir necha parametrlariga ko‘ra bir – biridan ustun tursa, boshqa parametrlariga ko‘ra yomonroq hisoblanadi.
IMS negiz mantiqiy elementi asosi bo‘lib, qayta ulagichlar sifatida qo‘llaniladigan biror elektron kalit hizmat qilishi mumkin. Qayta ulagichlar sifatida qo‘llaniladigan yarim o‘tkazgichli asboblarga quyidagi umumiy talablar qo‘yiladi: birdan katta bo‘lgan kuchaytirish koeffisienti; axborot uzatish tizimining bir tomonlamaligi; kirish va chiqish bo‘yicha katta tarmoqlanish koeffisientlari; qayta ulanishlarning katta tezligi; kichik iste’mol quvvati. Elektron kalitlar sifatida kremniyli bipolyar va maydoniy tranzistorlar qo‘llaniladi. Maydoniy tranzistorlarda bajarilgan kalitlar kichik sochilish quvvatiga ega bo‘lsalar, bir vaqtning o‘zida bipolyar tranzistorlarda bajarilgan elektron kalitlarning qo‘llanilishi ularning tezkorligini oshirishga imkon yaratadi.
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Mantiqiy qo‘shuv - Mavzu: Komparator va qo’shuv-ayruv amalini bajarish

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Mavzu: Komparator va qo’shuv-ayruv amalini bajarish
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bet | 2/7 | Sana | 22.12.2023 | Hajmi | 26,4 Kb. | | #126968 |
Bog'liq RQL 2 mustaqil ishiMantiqiy qo‘shuv. Bu amal YoKI amali yoki diz’yunksiya deb ataladi. Ikki o‘zgaruvchini mantiqiy qo‘shish postulatlari 9.1 – jadvalda keltirilgan.
Bunday jadvallar haqiqiylik jadvallari deb ataladi. Shuni ta’kidlash kerakki, bu amal ixtiyoriy o‘zgaruvchilar soniga mo‘ljallangan. Amal bajarilayotgan o‘zgaruvchilar soni, uning belgisidan oldin turgan raqam bilan ko‘rsatiladi. Demak, 9.1 – jadvalda 2YoKI amali bajarilgan. Mantiqiy qo‘shuv YoKI amalini bajaruvchi element (elektron sxema) shartli belgisi 62 a – rasmda keltirilgan.
X1
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X2
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Y=X1+X2
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0
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0
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0
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0
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1
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1
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1
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0
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1
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1
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1
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1
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Mantiqiy ko‘paytiruv. Bu amal HAM amali yoki kon’yunksiya deb ataladi. Mantiqiy ko‘paytiruv postulatlari 5 – jadvalda keltirilgan. Mantiqiy HAM amalini bajaruvchi element shartli belgisi 62 b – rasmda ifodalangan.
X1
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X2
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Y=X1X2
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0
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0
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0
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0
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0
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0
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Mantiqiy inkor. Inkor amali inversiya yoki to‘ldirish deb ataladi. Inkor postulatlari 9.3 – jadvalda keltirilgan. Inversiya amalini bajaruvchi mantiqiy element shartli belgisi 9.1 v – rasmda keltirlgan.
Elementar mantiqiy HAM, YoKI, EMAS amallarini bajaradigan mantiqiy elementlardan foydalanib ancha murakkab amallarni bajaradigan elementlar va ularga mos keluvchi elektron sxemalar yaratish mumkin.
Turli amallarni bajaradigan elementtlar IMSlar ko‘rinishida ko‘plab ishlab chiqariladi. Mantiqiy IMSlar seriyalarga birlashadilar. Har bir seriya asosida ma’lum bir mantiqiy amalni bajaruvchi elektr sxemadan tashkil topgan negiz element yotadi, masalan HAM-EMAS mantiqiy amali (Sheffer elementi) yoki YoKI-EMAS mantiqiy amali (Pirs elementi). Raqamli integral mikrosxemalar yaratishda turli murakkab mantiqiy amallarni bajaradigan sxemalarni yasashda faqat bitta HAM-EMAS, yoki YoKI-EMAS mantiqiy elementidan foydalanish talab qilinishi bilan ham ajralib turadi.
MantiqiyIMSparametrlari
Axborotni kodlash usuliga ko‘ra mantiqiy elementlar potensial va impuls usullariga bo‘linadilar.
Mantiqiy elementlarning ko‘pchiligi potensial hisoblanadi, ya’ni ularda ikkilik axborot ikkita elektr potensial daraja ko‘rinishida ifodalanadi: mantiqiy 0 – past potensial U0, mantiqiy 1 – yuqori potensial U1. Impuls mantiqiy elementlarda mantiqiy birga - impulsning mavjudligi, mantiqiy nolga – uning mavjud emasligi mos keladi.
IMS potensial mantiqiy elementlari quyidagi parametrlar bilan xarakterlanadi:
mantiqiy «0» va «1» kuchlanishlari - U0 va U1;
mikrosxema holati teskari holatga o‘zgaradigan kirishdagi ma’lum kuchlanish – bo‘sag‘aviy kuchlanish UBO‘S;
kirish bo‘yicha birlashish koeffisienti m (kirishlar soni);
chiqish bo‘yicha tarmoqlanish koeffisienti n (yuklama qobiliyati yoki mazkur IMS chiqishiga ulash mumkin bo‘lgan xuddi shunday mirosxemalar soni);
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ERP tizimni qachon joriy etish kerak?

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ERP tizimni qachon joriy etish kerak?
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bet | 4/4 | Sana | 08.01.2024 | Hajmi | 11,54 Mb. | | #132416 |
Bog'liq Biznes boshqaruvida avtomatlashtirilgan axborot tizimlariERP tizimni qachon joriy etish kerak? ERP tizimlarni korxonalarga tadbiq etish korxona faoliyat olib boradigan sohaga bog'liq. Kichikroq, "oddiy" korxona yangi faoliyatini boshlagandan darrov u korxonada ERP tizimni joriy etish shart emas. Korxona ichida yaratilinadigan barcha hujjatlar oddiy ofis dasturlari yordamida yaratilinadi(va ular oddiy messenjerlar yordamida tezkorlik bilan korxona ichida boshqa bo'limga/xodimga yuboriladi). Lekin korxona faoliyati kattalashib borgani sari, yuqorida keltirilgan vazifalar, jarayonlar ko'payib boradi. Va bunda korxona ichidagi bo'limlar(kadrlar, buxgalteriya va boshqalar)da o'zlarini ichki ma'lumotlar bazasi paydo bo'lishi va ular kattalashishi boshlanadi. Shu ketishda, ular korxona bo'limlari o'rtasidagi axborotlar almashinuvini qiyinlashtiradi va sekinlashtiradi. Bunday hollarda boshqaruv samaradorligini oshirish, resurslarni optimallash va to'g'ri taqsimlash, ishlab chiqarish tezligini oshirish juda qiyin vazifa hisoblanadi. Va yordamga ERP tizimlar keladi. ERP tizim korxona yoki kompaniya ichida yagona, yaxlit ma'lumotlar bazasini shakllantiradi. Va yuqorida keltirilgan muommolarni yechish, ish jarayoni optimallash, samaradorlikni aniqlash va uni yaxshilash uchun xizmat qiladi.
Bizda bori shu
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ERP tizim nima? - Modern and Professional Business Proposal Presentation

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Modern and Professional Business Proposal Presentation
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bet | 2/4 | Sana | 08.01.2024 | Hajmi | 11,54 Mb. | | #132416 |
Bog'liq Biznes boshqaruvida avtomatlashtirilgan axborot tizimlariERP tizim nima? ERP so'z qisqartmasi inglizcha Enterprise Resource Planning System so'zlarining bosh harfidan olingan bo'lib, "korxona resurslarini rejalashtirish tizimi" degan ma'noni bildiradi. Deylik bir korxona qandaydir mahsulot ishlab chiqaradi. Ushbu mahsulotni ishlab chiqarishda korxona ichidagi bir qancha bo'limlar, sexlar va boshqa korxonani tashkil etivchi qismlarini ishtirokini talab qiladi. Ya'ni korxona bo'limlarining funksiyalari va boshqa imkoniyatlarini qandaydir kompyuter tizimida shakllantirish zarurati tug'iladi. Aynan shu tizim orqali korxonadagi haqiqiy vaziyatni kuzatish va boshqarish mumkin. Masalan, omborxonada qandaydir hom-ashyoda kam miqdorda qolgan, va agar yana huddi shunday hom-ashyo keltirilmasa, korxona ma'lum muddatdan so'ng ishlashdan, mahsulot ishlab chiqarishdan to'xtab qoladi. Bu esa korxona uchun juda katta moddiy ziyon keltirib chiqarishi mumkin. Aynan shunday holatlarda ERP tizimlar yordamga keladi. Ushbu tizimga korxonaning har bitta bo'limi ulanadi va bu tizim yordamida korxona bo'limlari o'rtasida doimiy ma'lumot almashinuvi jarayoni sodir bo'ladi.
ERP-tizimi ob'ektining raqobatbardoshligi tufayli uning ish yanada samarali ish jarayonlari joriy qilish emas, balki faqat yaxshilaydi. Uning foydalanish, shuningdek, korxonaning umumiy xarajatlarini kamaytirish kerak. Ilg'or rejalashtirish vositalari, benzetim va ishlab chiqarish faoliyati, moliyaviy sektor, shuningdek, saqlash, tashish va boshqa idoralar operatsiya resurs optimallashtirish amalga oshirish yordam berish uchun tahlil qilish.
ERP-tizimi birinchi foydalanish shunga o'xshash ish strategiyasining muvaffaqiyatli bajarilishini osonlashtirish uchun mo'ljallangan, amalga oshirish samarali korporativ manba rejalashtirish va boshqarish ta'minlash kerak. Buning uchun, siz masalan ular orasida maksimal mustahkamlik va ma'muriy xarajatlarni kamaytirish uchun, uning bo'linmalari faoliyatini optimallashtirish kerak. Bu axborot tizimi tomonidan taqdim afzalliklari tufayli erishish mumkin.
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ULAR - Modern and Professional Business Proposal Presentation

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Modern and Professional Business Proposal Presentation
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bet | 3/4 | Sana | 08.01.2024 | Hajmi | 11,54 Mb. | | #132416 |
Bog'liq Biznes boshqaruvida avtomatlashtirilgan axborot tizimlariULAR: - 01 Biznes jarayoni oshkoraligi takomillashtirish
- 02 Buyurtma berish bilan muammolarni hal qilish va to'g'ri ma'lumot topish
- 03 ma'lumotlar ishonchliligi va dolzarbligini oshirish.
- 04 hujjat birliklar orasidagi tezligini oshirish.
- 05 bosh ofisi va uzoq filiallari o'rtasida yagona axborot makonini tashkil etish.
- 06 hujjatlarni to'ldirish va iloji xatolar qutulish vaqti kamaytirish.
- 07 barcha darajalarda qarorlar qabul qilish tezligini oshirish.
Korxonadagi barcha moliyaviy ishlarni yaxlit tizimga birlashtirish - Korxona rahbari korxona faoliyati bo'yicha moliyaviy ma'lumotlarni ko'rmoqchi bo'lsa, u korxona bo'limlari tayyorlagan ko'plab hisobotlarni olishi, o'rganishi mumkin. Chunki korxonadagi har bitta bo'lim o'z hisobotini yuritadi va bu bilan ular umumiy faoliyatga ma'lum bir miqdorda o'z hissalarini qo'shishadi. Demak, korxonadagi aynan biron bo'lim qanchalik samarador ishlayotgani, u foyda keltiryaptimi yoki ziyonga ishlayaptimi aniqlash ERP tizimlari orqali juda oson va aniq kechadi. Chunki korxonada ma'lumotlar bazasi yagona bo'lib, biron-bir bo'lim yoki xodim undagi ma'lumotlarni o'zboshimchalik bilan deyarli o'zgartira olmaydi.
ERP tizimlar orqali ishlab chiqarish jarayoniga standardlarni joriy etish Bu imkoniyat katta korxonalarda juda zarur bo'lib, bunga sabab korxonaning filiallari va bo'limlari bir-biridan uzoqda joylashgan bo'ladi. Bunday hollarda har bir filial yoki bo'lim ish jarayonini boshqarish uchun har xil turdagi dasturiy ta'minotlardan foydalanishi mumkin va bunda juda ko'plab chalkashliklar va muommolar yuzaga keladi. Shu muommolarni hal qilish(oldini olish) uchun ERP tizimlar ishlatilinadi. Internet tizimi orqali kerakli ma'lumotni hech qanday qiyinchiliklarsiz olish mumkin. ERP yordamida xodimlarni boshqarish tizimida standardlarni joyir etish ERP tizimlarida hamma vazifalarni xodimlar bilan birlashtirish imkoniyati mavjud bo'lib, ular yordamida xodimlarni tanlab olish, ularni qayta tayyorlash, ularni kelajakdagi professional rivojlanishlarini belgilab qo'yish mumkin. Bundan tashqari, ERP tizimlar orqali har bitta xodim ish faoliyatini samaradorligini hisoblash(aniqlash) mumkin.
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Maydoniy tranzistorlarda bajarilgan kalit sxemalar

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Maydoniy tranzistorlarda bajarilgan kalit sxemalar
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bet | 5/7 | Sana | 22.12.2023 | Hajmi | 26,4 Kb. | | #126968 |
Bog'liq RQL 2 mustaqil ishi6.4. Maydoniy tranzistorlarda bajarilgan kalit sxemalar
Kalit elementi sifatida odatda kanali induksiyalanuvchi MDYa – tranzistorlar qo‘llaniladi, chunki ularda UZI nolga teng bo‘lganda uzilgan kalit holati ta’minlanadi (tranzistor berk).
Maydoniy tranzistorlar asosida yasalgan mantiqiy elementlar negizida aktiv element va yuklama MDYa – tranzistorda bajarilgan kalit sxema yotadi. Aktiv va yuklamadagi tranzistorlar bir xil yoki har xil o‘tkazuvchanlik turiga ega bo‘lgan kanaldan tashkil topgan bo‘lishi mumkin. Aktiv tranzistor zatvoriga yuqori potensialga (mantiqiy bir darajasi) berilsa uning stokidagi qoldiq kuchlanish 50-100 mV ni (mantiqiy nol darajasi) ni tashkil etadi. Bu bilan inversiya amalga oshiriladi.
Bir turdagi MDYa – tranzistorlarda bajarilgan kalit sxemalar. 64 – rasmda n – kanali induksiyalanuvchi MDYa – tranzistorlarda bajarilgan kalit sxemasi keltirilgan.
64 – rasm.
VT0 tranzistor nochiziqli yuklama vazifasini bajaradi. Ketma – ket ulangan tranzistorlar asosi qobiqda qisqa tutashuv bajariladi, zatvor va yuklamadagi tranzistor stoki manba bilan tutashtirilgan. YeM = 3UBO‘S tanlanadi, bu yerda UBO‘S – tranzistor ochiladigan kuchlanish. Demak, yuqoridagi tranzistor doim ochiq holatda bo‘lib to‘yinish rejimida bo‘ladi va invertor tokini cheklash uchun xizmat qiladi (dinamik yuklama). VT0 stok toki kattaligi quyidagi formula bilan aniqlanadi
(6.7) .
Agar kalit kirishi X ga U0KIR UBO‘S kuchlanish berilsa (mantiqiy nol), VT1 tranzistor berk bo‘ladi, kalit orqali 10-9-10-10 A tok oqib o‘tadi, chiqishdagi kuchlanish esa bo‘lib kuchlanish manbai qiymatiga yaqin bo‘ladi: UChIQEM (mantiqiy bir).
Agar kalit kirishi X ga U0KIR UBO‘S kuchlanish berilsa, u holda VT1 tranzistor ochiladi va to‘yinish rejimiga o‘tadi, bu vaqtda stok toki IS1 (6.7) ifoda orqali aniqlanadi, faqat USI0=EM deb olinadi.
(6.8) .
VT1 tranzistorning to‘yinish rejimidagi kanal qarshiligi
.
IS1 tokni kanal qarshiligi R ga ko‘paytirib, chiqish kuchlanishini olamiz
(6.9) .
Amaliyotda U1KIREM (6.9) dan ko‘rinib turibdiki, kichik chiqish kuchlanishi qiymatini UChIQ ta’minlash uchun V0V1 nisbat bajarilishi kerak. V kattaligi kanal kengligini uning uzunligiga nisbati bilan aniqlanadi (Z/L).
Bu kalit kichik tezkorlikka ega, chunki chiqish impulsining fronti tranzistor parametrlari bilan emas, balki chiqish sig‘imi zaryadini nochiziqli yuklama tranzistoridan chiqishi bilan aniqlanadi, bu qarshilik qiymati esa yuzlab kOmlarga yetadi.
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