nyuuzyou/kompy huggingface dataset:
Reja: Kreativ pedagogikaning maqsadi, vazifalari, obʼekti va predmeti. Kreativ pedagogikaning tarkibiy tuzilmasi - bet 7

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Reja: Kreativ pedagogikaning maqsadi, vazifalari, obʼekti va predmeti. Kreativ pedagogikaning tarkibiy tuzilmasi
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bet | 7/8 | Sana | 24.05.2024 | Hajmi | 21,31 Kb. | | #252774 |
Bog'liq Reja Kreativ pedagogikaning maqsadi, vazifalari, obʼekti va pre-fayllar.orgKreativ pedagogika”ning boshqa fanlar bilan aloqadorligi. Shaxs kamolotini taʼminlash, uning intellektual, maʼnaviy-axloqiy hamda jismoniy jihatdan rivojlanishiga erishishda turli yosh davrlari, har bir davrning oʼziga xos jihatlari, shuningdek, bolaning fiziologik, psixologik holatini inobatga olish maqsadga muvofiqdir. Yaxlit pedagogik jarayon muayyan turkumni tashkil etuvchi pedagogik fanlar tomonidan oʼrganiladi. Shu bilan birga “Kreativ pedagogika” fani bir qator ijtimoiy fanlar bilan oʼzaro aloqadorlikda kreativ shaxsning shakllanishi va rivojlanishi masalalarini tadqiq etadi:
Kreativ pedagogika”ning boshqa fanlar bilan aloqadorligi. Shaxs kamolotini taʼminlash, uning intellektual, maʼnaviy-axloqiy hamda jismoniy jihatdan rivojlanishiga erishishda turli yosh davrlari, har bir davrning oʼziga xos jihatlari, shuningdek, bolaning fiziologik, psixologik holatini inobatga olish maqsadga muvofiqdir. Yaxlit pedagogik jarayon muayyan turkumni tashkil etuvchi pedagogik fanlar tomonidan oʼrganiladi. Shu bilan birga “Kreativ pedagogika” fani bir qator ijtimoiy fanlar bilan oʼzaro aloqadorlikda kreativ shaxsning shakllanishi va rivojlanishi masalalarini tadqiq etadi:
Umumiy pedagogika nazariyasi va amaliyoti Fanlar Maktabgacha taʼlim pedagogikasi Boshlangʼich taʼlim pedagogikasi Pedagogik texnologiya va pedagogik mahorat Korrektsion (maxsus) pedagogika Xususiy metodika (xususiy fanlarni oʼqitish) Taʼlim menejmenti Harbiy pedagogika Neyropedagogika Pedagogik texnika Pedagogik kvalimetriya Ilgʼor pedagogik xorijiy tajribalar Innovatsion taʼlim texnologiyalari Pedagogik jarayonlarning tizimli tahlili Pedagogik prognostika va pedagogikaning istiqbolli yoʼnalishlari Pedagogik jarayonni boshqarishda qarorlar qabul qilish Falsafa Estetika asoslari Psixologiya
Umumiy pedagogika nazariyasi va amaliyoti Fanlar Maktabgacha taʼlim pedagogikasi Boshlangʼich taʼlim pedagogikasi Pedagogik texnologiya va pedagogik mahorat Korrektsion (maxsus) pedagogika Xususiy metodika (xususiy fanlarni oʼqitish) Taʼlim menejmenti Harbiy pedagogika Neyropedagogika Pedagogik texnika Pedagogik kvalimetriya Ilgʼor pedagogik xorijiy tajribalar Innovatsion taʼlim texnologiyalari Pedagogik jarayonlarning tizimli tahlili Pedagogik prognostika va pedagogikaning istiqbolli yoʼnalishlari Pedagogik jarayonni boshqarishda qarorlar qabul qilish Falsafa Estetika asoslari Psixologiya
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Reja: Kreativ pedagogikaning maqsadi, vazifalari, obʼekti va predmeti. Kreativ pedagogikaning tarkibiy tuzilmasi - bet 8

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Reja: Kreativ pedagogikaning maqsadi, vazifalari, obʼekti va predmeti. Kreativ pedagogikaning tarkibiy tuzilmasi
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bet | 8/8 | Sana | 24.05.2024 | Hajmi | 21,31 Kb. | | #252774 |
Bog'liq Reja Kreativ pedagogikaning maqsadi, vazifalari, obʼekti va pre-fayllar.orgUmumiy pedagogika nazariyasi va amaliyoti – har tomonlama rivojlangan, barkamol shaxsni shakllantirish, unda dunyoqarash va yuksak maʼnaviy-axloqiy sifatlarni tarbiyalash, pedagogik fikrlarning paydo boʼlishi va rivojlanish tarixini, turli davrlarda bola tarbiyasini tashkil etishga oid bilimlarning shakllanishini tadqiq qiladi. Maktabgacha taʼlim pedagogikasi – maktabgacha taʼlim yoshi bolalarini tarbiyalash, ularga boshlangʼich bilimlarni berish masalalarining tadqiqi bilan shugʼullanadi. Boshlangʼich taʼlim pedagogikasi – boshlangʼich sinf oʼquvchilarining yosh, psixologik xususiyatlarini inobatga olgan holda ularni oʼqitish va tarbiyalash jarayonini oʼrganadi.
Umumiy pedagogika nazariyasi va amaliyoti – har tomonlama rivojlangan, barkamol shaxsni shakllantirish, unda dunyoqarash va yuksak maʼnaviy-axloqiy sifatlarni tarbiyalash, pedagogik fikrlarning paydo boʼlishi va rivojlanish tarixini, turli davrlarda bola tarbiyasini tashkil etishga oid bilimlarning shakllanishini tadqiq qiladi. Maktabgacha taʼlim pedagogikasi – maktabgacha taʼlim yoshi bolalarini tarbiyalash, ularga boshlangʼich bilimlarni berish masalalarining tadqiqi bilan shugʼullanadi. Boshlangʼich taʼlim pedagogikasi – boshlangʼich sinf oʼquvchilarining yosh, psixologik xususiyatlarini inobatga olgan holda ularni oʼqitish va tarbiyalash jarayonini oʼrganadi.
http://fayllar.org
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Tizimni tahlil qilish, boshqarish va axborotni qayta ishlash

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Tizimni tahlil qilish, boshqarish va axborotni qayta ishlashBog'liq etalonnaya model dlya sinteza modalnogo regulyatora sitemy avtomaticheskogoTizimni tahlil qilish, boshqarish va axborotni qayta ishlash
tezis.
Bir o'qli foydali yuk girostabilizatori misolida qo'llaniladigan dinamik sifat
ko'rsatkichlarini ta'minlovchi modal boshqaruv usuli yordamida kontrollerni sintez qilish
texnikasi taqdim etilgan. Kalit so'zlar: indikator
girostabilizator, modal boshqaruvchi, modal sintez.
Fedorov Dmitriy Viktorovich, bakalavr, tgupu@yandex.ru, Rossiya, Tula, Tula davlat
universiteti,
Kalit so'zlar: mos yozuvlar modeli, standart polinom, modal sintez, regulyator, sin-
Machine Translated by Google
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amplituda ÿL, dB - Tavsiflovchi mos yozuvlar modelini shakllantirish muammosini ko'rib chiqamiz

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Tavsiflovchi mos yozuvlar modelini shakllantirish muammosini ko'rib chiqamizBog'liq etalonnaya model dlya sinteza modalnogo regulyatora sitemy avtomaticheskogoamplituda ÿL, dB va faza ph, º bo'yicha; tarmoqli kengligi ÿp, rad/s; tebranish
M) va integral xossalarga asoslangan kompleks mezonlar
Davlat aviatsiya asboblari universiteti (SUAP, Sankt -Peterburg) N.A. Balonin
o'zining "Harakatni boshqarish nazariyasining yangi kursi" [12]
monografiyasidan : "... murakkab tekislikda ildizlarning joylashishini tanlash
mavzuning asosiy muammosi, savolidir .
P ,
pp,
(1)
174
Tula davlat universiteti yangiliklari. Texnik fan. 2019. jild. 8
ys
...
= =
=
ÿ
Biz
)(
)(
s
+ + +
bsb
Vs )
((
+ sas
+ + +
CIAB
)
.
kabi
...
1
n
ÿ
n
ÿ
n
10
ÿ
10
1
n
1
n
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ÿ
ÿ
1
Machine Translated by Google
Tizimni tahlil qilish, boshqarish va axborotni qayta ishlash
175
... koeffitsientlarini aniqlashning ikkilamchi mexanizmlari haqida
haqiqiy ildiz bo'lsa, u holda aperiodik komponentga mos keladi
Loyihaning dastlabki bosqichidagi moment va boshqaruv tizimlarini
tahlil qilish va sintez qilish bosqichlarida keyingi ishlarga ta'sir qiladi .
o'tish echimlari. Agar xayoliy o'qga eng yaqin bo'lgan juft murakkab
ildizlar bo'lib chiqsa, u holda eritmaning dominant komponenti
... boshqaruvchining "berilgan" xos qiymatlarida, qaysi biri aniq emas.
"Asosan, ildizlarning murakkab tekislikdagi joylashuvi juda mavhum
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The Format of the ijopcm, first submission

The Format of the ijopcm, first submission
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Matnni ko'rish
ulanishi shaklida taqdim etiladi - Tavsiflovchi mos yozuvlar modelini shakllantirish muammosini ko'rib chiqamiz

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Tavsiflovchi mos yozuvlar modelini shakllantirish muammosini ko'rib chiqamizBog'liq etalonnaya model dlya sinteza modalnogo regulyatora sitemy avtomaticheskogoulanishi shaklida taqdim etiladi.
ÿ
*
Tula davlat universiteti yangiliklari. Texnik fan. 2019. jild. 8
176
Machine Translated by Google
=
tx C e
ÿ
)( ÿ
,
l
kichik [13]. Haqiqiy ob'ektni mos yozuvlar modeliga keltirish o'lchangan va
boshqariladigan parametrlar bo'yicha teskari aloqa shaklida regulyatorni kiritish orqali
amalga oshiriladi.
ijobiy raqamni kiritish uchun hisoblash
ish paytida (bu boshqaruv tizimining parametrik mustahkamligining pasayishiga olib
keladi) [12, 28], ammo bu usulning rasmiylashtirilishi va uning soddaligi ko'pincha uni
sintez qilingan tizimning yaratilgan mos yozuvlar modeli sifatida tanlashni oldindan
belgilab beradi.
bu erda Ci - boshlang'ich shartlardan aniqlangan koeffitsientlar .
(2)
Muhim xususiyat - bu ishlashning oshishi
jarayonlar, soni esa munosabatdan aniqlanadi
Ushbu usulning mavjud kamchiliklariga qaramay, xususan, u asl ob'ektning
uzatish funktsiyasida nolga ega bo'lmagan taqdirdagina qo'llaniladi (nollarni yo'q qilish
usullaridan biri ularning
bu holda vaqtinchalik tebranishlarga ta'sir qilmaydi
original ob'ekt
holat vektoriga nisbatan sistemaning harakat tenglamasini yechish
Shuning uchun bunday boshqaruv modal deb ataladi va boshqaruvchi holat
fazosida vektor-matritsa ko'rinishida hisoblab chiqiladi, bu esa hisoblashlarning
soddaligini va ularni zamonaviy raqamli yechim va simulyatsiya modellashtirish
tizimlarida avtomatlashtirish imkoniyatini oldindan belgilaydi. Ko'pgina mualliflar
ushbu afzalliklarga e'tibor berishadi [3, 5, 6, 11, 17 - 20].
x(t), ko'rsatkichli ko'rsatkich, xarakterli ko'phadning ildizi va vaqt orqali ifodalanadi va
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Ijtimoiy himoya milliy agentligi Farmonga ko‘ra, Ijtimoiy himoya milliy agentligi va hududlarda “Inson” ijtimoiy xizmatlar markazlari tashkil etildi. Quyidagilar Agentlik tuzilmasiga o‘tkaziladi

21.10.2023, 20:26
Ijtimoiy
himoya milliy agentligi
https://advice.uz/oz/document/3119
1/2
Bosh sahifa
»
Ijtimoiy xizmatlar va moddiy yordamning boshqa turlari
»
Ijtimoiy himoya milliy agentligi
Ijtimoiy himoya milliy agentligi
Farmonga ko‘ra, Ijtimoiy himoya milliy agentligi va hududlarda “Inson” ijtimoiy xizmatlar markazlari tashkil etildi.
Quyidagilar Agentlik tuzilmasiga o‘tkaziladi:
2024-yil 1 yanvardan:
Sog‘liqni saqlash vazirligi tizimidan bolalar uylari;
Maktabgacha va maktab ta’limi vazirligi tizimidan mehribonlik uylari;
mahalliy ijro etuvchi hokimiyat organlari tizimidan voyaga etmaganlar bilan ishlash sektorlari hamda oilaviy bolalar uylari.
2024-yil 1-avgustdan:
Maktabgacha va maktab ta’limi vazirligi tizimidan alohida ta’lim ehtiyojlari bo‘lgan bolalar uchun ixtisoslashtirilgan
maktablarva
maktab-internatlar, ko‘p tarmoqli ixtisoslashtirilgan maktabgacha ta’lim tashkilotlari hamda
ixtisoslashtirilgan o‘quv-tarbiya muassasalari;
Oliy ta’lim, fan va innovatsiyalar vazirligi tizimidan imkoniyatlari cheklangan shaxslar uchun ixtisoslashtirilgan kasb-hunar
maktablari.
2023-yil 1-iyuldan “
Inson” ijtimoiy xizmatlar markazlarida ijtimoiy xodimlar guruhlari tashkil etiladi.
2023-yil 15-avgustgacha aholini ijtimoiy xizmatlar va ijtimoiy yordam ko‘rsatish dasturlari bo‘yicha,
shu jumladan ularning mobil
aloqa vositalariga ma’lumot yuborish orqali xabardor qilish amaliyoti joriy etiladi.
2024-yil 1 yanvargacha:
davlat tomonidan kafolatlangan ijtimoiy xizmatlarni ko‘rsatish standartlarini hamda ularning ijrosini monitoring qilish
mezonlari;
nogironligi bo‘lgan shaxslarni uyda parvarishlash bilan band bo‘lgan oila a’zolariga ko‘maklashish bo‘yicha
ijtimoiy himoya
mexanizmlari ishlab chiqiladi.
2023-yil 1 oktyabrgacha “
Yagona milliy ijtimoiy himoya” axborot tizimi ishga tushiriladi.
2023-yil 1 oktyabrdan:
Ҳуқуқий ёрдам керакми?
21.10.2023, 20:26
Ijtimoiy himoya milliy agentligi
https://advice.uz/oz/document/3119
2/2
“
Ijtimoiy himoya yagona reestri
” axborot tizimi Agentlik tasarru ga o‘tkaziladi;
aholiga ko‘rsatiladigan barcha turdagi ijtimoiy xizmatlar va yordamlar, shu jumladan kam ta’minlangan oilalar bolalari uchun
nafaqa va moddiy yordamlar bo‘yicha arizalar “
Yagona milliy ijtimoiy himoya” axborot tizimi orqali qabul qilinadi.
2024-yil 1 yanvardan “
Mehr daftari
”, “Saxovat va ko‘mak”, “
Yoshlar daftari
” va “
Ayollar daftari
” orqali ko‘rsatiladigan
ijtimoiy yordam va ko‘maklar qamrab olinadi.
Har haftaning juma kuni “
Mehr va saxovat kuni” sifatida belgilanib, barcha davlat organlari va tashkilotlari
ehtiyojmand aholi,
nogironligi bo‘lgan shaxslar hamda yolg‘iz keksalar holidan xabar olish, ularga g‘amxo‘rlik qilish hamda xayriya tadbirlari o‘tkaziladi.
O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti huzurida Ijtimoiy himoya milliy agentligining asosiy faoliyat yo‘nalishlari
Normativ hujjatlar
O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining Farmoni, 01.06.2023-yildagi PF-82-son
Ҳуқуқий ёрдам керакми?
Child Pornography - Cyber Crime in South Africa – Hacking, cracking, and other unlawful online activities

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Cyber Crime in South Africa – Hacking, cracking, and other unlawful online activities
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2.3 Child Pornography
Crimes such as possession and distribution of child pornography can be prosecuted in terms of the Films and Publications Act, Act 65 of 1996 which defines ‘publication as:
‘(i) any message or communication, including visual presentation, placed on any distributed network including, but not confined to , to the internet’.
The application of the previously codified and common law crimes was sometimes regarded as an academic expedition and caused great uncertainty as courts and prosecutors were not keen to do adventurous prosecutions. Gordon sates that in 1998 the then Eastern Cape Attorney General was loath to prosecute a man who had placed child pornography in his website as the said Act was not in force. This caused a general outcry in the community and the legislature was forced to bring the said Act into force in order to fill in the lacunae that were existed in the law. (Gordon, 2000, p.439) In terms of section 27 (1) and section 28 of the said legislation if anyone creates, produces, imports or is in possession of a publication or film which contains scenes of child pornography, he shall be guilty of an offense.1 Gordon also notes that the Act may also extend to ‘pseudo-pornography’ as found in animated pornography (Gordon, 2000, p.439). Sections 25 and 26 also prohibit the decimation of child pornography in films or publications respectively.
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Conference Presentation - Cyber Crime in South Africa – Hacking, cracking, and other unlawful online activities

Van der Merwe, D., Criminal Law– Your partner in preventing information loss, Presented at the Lex Informatica 2008 , 23 May 2008 at the Innovation Hub.
Watney, M., Admissibility of Electronic Evidence in Criminal Proceedings: An Outline of the South African Legal Position, Presented at Cyber Crime Africa 2008, 13 November 2008 at Monte Casino
respectively.
Sizwe Snail 28/05/2009
Рецензирование - download

Qidiruv: Рецензирование
Fotoshop dasturida F12 klavishini vazifasi. Fotoshopda rasm xajmini qanday o`zgartiradi?
Ms excel 2010 tasmasining Рецензирование bo‘limi qanday vazifalami bajarishga mo‘ljallangan?
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pe-
sa - Tavsiflovchi mos yozuvlar modelini shakllantirish muammosini ko'rib chiqamiz

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Tavsiflovchi mos yozuvlar modelini shakllantirish muammosini ko'rib chiqamizBog'liq etalonnaya model dlya sinteza modalnogo regulyatora sitemy avtomaticheskogope-
sa
berishning iloji yo'q."
o'tish jarayoni vaqti bo'yicha emas, balki qolgan parametrlarni tahlil qavslaridan
tashqarida qoldirib , barqaror holat qiymatiga birinchi erishish va oshib ketish
vaqtining raqamli qiymatlari yig'indisi bilan . Bu asos beradi
v) ko'phadlarni
o'tkinchi jarayon vaqti bo'yicha taqqoslaganda, ular bir xil
o'tkazish qobiliyatiga ega. Va tanlov eng qisqa o'tish vaqtiga ega bo'lgan Bessel
polinomi foydasiga amalga oshiriladi! 2 dan 5 gacha bo'lgan tizimlar uchun
"boshqaruv signallarini amalga oshirishda minimal buzilish ta'minlanadi" .
buyurtma.
Shunday qilib, maqolaning maqsadi avtomatik boshqaruv tizimlarining
mos yozuvlar modellari sifatida standart polinomlardan foydalanishni tahlil qilish va
Bilan". Ya'ni, muallif
o'tish jarayonining istalgan vaqtiga asoslangan tartibga solish, lekin
uzatish... va tartibga solish vaqti emas, bu mezon sifatida mavjud
,
tartibga solish xatosi nuqtai nazaridan noaniqlik", ishlab chiqaradi
oshib ketish amplitudasi va barqarorlik chegaralari oldindan belgilanadi
ko'pgina xususiyatlarni - tizimning mos yozuvlar modelini tanlash uchun asosiy
parametr sifatida faqat ortiqcha tartibga solish s (%) ko'rib chiqa boshladi. Ish
natijalari [16] tahlili shuni ko'rsatadiki , muallif “ ko'proq
qo'llaniladi". Qayd etilishicha , “Qutblarni joylashtirish usuli
model “...eng yaxshi xususiyatlar to'plamiga ega bo'lgan, edi
t
yopiq sikl sistemaning xarakterli ko’phadining ildizlarini ko’rsatish imkonini beradi
Machine Translated by Google
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ta'minlamaydi. Qoida tariqasida, ularning parametrlarini qo'shimcha

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ta'minlamaydi. Qoida tariqasida, ularning parametrlarini qo'shimchaBog'liq etalonnaya model dlya sinteza modalnogo regulyatora sitemy avtomaticheskogota'minlamaydi. Qoida tariqasida, ularning parametrlarini qo'shimcha
ravishda
qo'lda sozlash talab qilinadi [25]. Chin - Hrones - Resvik usuli
o'zgartirilgan Ziegler - Nikols usulidir. Kamchiliklar, Ziegler - Nichols
usulida bo'lgani kabi, tizimning barqarorlik chegarasi haqida to'liq
bo'lmagan ma'lumot, bu boshqaruvchining ishonchliligini aniqlaydi va
taxminiy, uzoq
muddatli sozlash [26]. Koen - Kun usulida PID boshqaruvchisiga
tatbiq qilinganidek , uchta teskari aloqa qutblari tayinlanadi (ular
xarakterli tenglamadan aniqlanadi): ikkita murakkab qutb va uchinchi
haqiqiy qutb, ular boshlang'ichdan bir xil masofada joylashgan. qutblar.
Modelning qutblari har chorakda pasayish amplitudasining nisbati va
qutblardan boshigacha bo'lgan masofani berish uchun o'rnatiladi.
tizim barqarorlik chegarasida
joylashgan boshqaruvchi uzatish koeffitsientining qiymati .
tebranishlar amplitudasi, ya'ni tizim barqarorlik chegarasida bo'lmaydi.
Ruxsat etilgan va p bilan belgilanadi
koordinatalar xato integralini minimallashtirish uchun o'rnatiladi. Ob'ekt
modelining uchta parametri (K, T, L) yordamida kontroller koeffitsientlarini
hisoblash uchun formulalar Koen va Kuhn tomonidan analitik va raqamli
usullar asosida olingan. Bundan tashqari, natijada paydo bo'lgan yopiq
konturli tizim zaif damping va zaif mustahkamlikka ega ekanligi qayd
etildi [27].
So'nggi paytlarda eng keng tarqalgan usul bo'ldi
ob'ekt odatda tezlanish egri chizig'i deb ataladi. Mavjud ob'ektlarni boshqarish
Ziegler - Nikols usuli.
Birinchi variant barqarorlik zahiralaridan foydalanishga asoslangan. IN
aperiodik tezlanish egri chizig'i aperiodik va kechiktirilgan bog'lanishlarning ketma-ket
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Common law position: Prior to the ECT Act

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Common law position: Prior to the ECT Act
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2. Common law position: Prior to the ECT Act
It is submitted that prior to the enactment of the ECT, the common and statutory law at that time could be extended as widely as possible so as to cater for the arrest and successful prosecution of online offenders. One can easily apply the common law crimes of defamation, indecency (Online child pornography, decimation of child porn), crimen iniuria (also known as Cyber-smearing) fraud (Cyber fraud) (S v. Van den Berg 1991 (1) SACR 104 (T)), defeating the ends of justice, contempt of court (in the form of publishing any court proceedings without the court’s permission online or by other electronic means), theft (S v. Harper 1981 (2) SA 638 (D) and S v. Manuel 1953 (4) SA 523 (A) 526 where the court came to the conclusion that money which had been dematerialized could be stolen in its immaterial form) and forgery to the online forms of these offences. The applicability of the common law however has its own limitations and narrows significantly when dealing with online crimes involving assault, theft, extortion, spamming, phishing, treason, murder, breaking and entering into premises with the intent to steal and malicious damage to property.
When looking at the crimes of breaking and entering with intent to steal as well as the crimes of malicious damage to property two commonly known categories of Computer crimes come to mind. On the one hand, hacking and cracking and on the other hand the production and distribution of malicious code known as viruses, worms and Trojan Horses. In S v. Howard (unreported Case no. 41/ 258 / 02, Johannesburg regional magistrates court ) as discussed by Van der Merwe, the court had no doubt whether the crime of malicious damage to property could apply to causing an entire information system to breakdown. The Court mentioned further that the crime no longer needed to be committed to ‘physical property’ but could also apply to data messages of data information. (van der Merwe, 2008, p.70).
The Interception and Monitoring Act, the Regulation of Interception of Communications and Provision of Communication Related Information Act (RICPCRIA) Act 70 of 2002, the Electronic Communications and Transactions Act and the Promotion of Access to Information Act (PROATIA) generally prohibits the unlawful interception or monitoring of any data message which could be used in prosecuting hacker and crackers.
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Advantages - The Format of the ijopcm, first submission

International Journal of Engineering & Technology
437
prompted inevitably based on constraints set in development. It’s
an tempting panorama.
1.1.2. Security
Smart home security systems add a lot more options to this type of
basic systems such as webcams throughout the house that can
monitor from your smart phone or computer. It goes beyond bur-
glar alarms. There’s the security of knowing that everything in a
house is working correctly or not.
1.1.3. Efficiency
Smart Home knows about more than human about saving energy.
Automatic lighting turns on and off not only in response to the
amount of light outside, but also to whether there’s anyone actual-
ly in the room or not. Smart appliances are scheduled to run when
energy rates are their lowest and not at all when water or electrici-
ty are scarce. Some lights are even programmed to operate at a
slightly lower wattage than normal, so that one can save energy
without even knowing it.
The residual contents of the paper is prearranged as follows.Unit 2
describes the smart steps to smart home,unit 3 describes the
simple components for a smart home,unit 4 includes the
automation of a smart home,unit 5 describes the popular smart
home projects,unit 6 describes the challenges to design a smart
home and final unit concludes the paper.
Table 2:
Utilities and services of smart home

|
Table 2:
Utilities and services of smart homeBog'liq Smart Homes Steps Components Utilities and ChallenTable 2:
Utilities and services of smart home
Category
Services
Function
Ease
To provide com-
fort
Lighting, controlling the tem-
perature. Arrange the home
environment according to the
inhabitant’s wish. Home appli-
ance controls the its very com-
fort to identification of intro-
duction, presentation, game and
siesta TV program selection,
cooking recipe presentation and
elapsed possessions facility [8].
Remote
Access
Remote access,
monitoring and
control
Appliance
monitoring
and
control through mobile devices
and computers from remote
location, Appliance monitoring
and control over web browser
from distant location.
Home Automation
Automate Home
appliances con-
trol
Voice-operated(speech) appli-
ance control, Intelligent appli-
ances monitoring and control-
ling. Optimization of energy.
Conservation of energy. Reduc-
tion of Energy Wastes.
Healthcare
Wellness
monitoring
Graphical illustration of well-
ness, Respiratory and sleeping
disorder valuation.
Activity tracking and alarm
Generation system, Sleeping
stage appreciation process.
4.3. Bedroom arena
The room has nifty climate control which the users can customize
the scene in bedroom through single-touch heating system and can
pick an inimitable night-time temperature and illumination silhou-
ette for each and every bedroom. The bed is also fortified with
sensor that can monitor movement of a person in bed for perceiv-
ing health condition concerning sleeping in emblematic tedious of
human beings.
Smart homes afford services and utilities to enhance user necessi-
ties. One of the chief purposes of smart homes is the optimization
of user luxury by tumbling communications between the occupant
and home devices [3]. Smart homes can able to control the basic
ecological constraints such as light, temperature and heat. Home
appliance monitoring and control from isolated places is a wide-
spread service that can effortlessly be provided via smart homes.
Smart home technology has attained substantial developments in
the field of healthcare industry, such as patient monitoring, tele-
medicine, and wellness nursing. Healthy people should be anxious
about their wellness and take safety measures in contradiction of
illness [5]. Self-monitoring systems vividly assess the wellness
disorder of the inhabitant.
Furthermore, the smart devices are used in numerous facets, for
instance,
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Table 1:
List of sensors and purposes 
S. No

|
Table 1:
List of sensors and purposes
S. NoBog'liq Smart Homes Steps Components Utilities and ChallenTable 1:
List of sensors and purposes
S. No
Sensor
Purpose
1
Light Sensor
Measures the intensity of light.
2
PIR Sensor
Identifies the user position.
3
Temperature
Sensor
Measures the room temperature and
body temperature periodically.
4
Pressure Sensor
Measures the pressure of gases or liquids.
5
Switch sensor
Detection of Door open or close status.
6
RFID Sensor
identification of Object and people
7
Ultrasonic Sen-
sor
Tracking of Location
8
Current Sensor
Measures the usage of current
9
Power Sensor
Calculates the usage of power
10
Water Sensor
Measures the volume of water usage.
3.4. Actuators
An Actuator is stereotypically a mechanical or electrical device
that triggers a given bustle. Like motors and switches. Such as
those in electric light switches, motorized valves, and the like.
Deprived of actuators, nothing gets done. Examples are home
doors, window draperies, garage door openers and closers, win-
dows, involuntary light switches etc[10].
3.5. Controllers
These are necessary to send signals to other devices to initiate
some sort of operation or be a part of a larger device to control
multiple devices [9]. High-end full house systems are shaped by
traders such as Crestron controller and Control4 controller and
low-end systems a like X10.
3.5.1. Crestron:
It offers a variety of smart home devices, to control TV and music
playback, lighting, window treatments, temperature, door locks
and other home security. With everything connected to Crestron’s
main hub, one can press one button on a remote or Smartphone
app to enable a specific “scene.”
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Legal Aspects of the Enforcement of Cyber-crimes (Procedural and Evidential aspects of Cyber-crimes)

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Legal Aspects of the Enforcement of Cyber-crimes (Procedural and Evidential aspects of Cyber-crimes)
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bet | 7/13 | Sana | 19.03.2017 | Hajmi | 0,7 Mb. | | #374 |
4. Legal Aspects of the Enforcement of Cyber-crimes (Procedural and Evidential aspects of Cyber-crimes)
4.1 Admissibility and Evidential Weight of Data Messages (ECT Act, Section 15)
After much legal uncertainty as to the admissibility of a printout in Court in terms of the Old Computer Evidence Act, Section 15 of the ECT now states that the rules of evidence must not be used to deny admissibility of data messages on grounds that it’s not in original form. A data message made in the ordinary course of business, or a printout correctly certified to be correct is admissible evidence. Section 15 of the ECT Act provides for the admissibility and evidential weight of a data message as electronic evidence. It is clear from the wording in section 1 that it sets out to facilitate rather than inhibit the admissibility of data messages as electronic evidence (Watney, 2008, p.3).
Section 1 defines that a data message means data generated, sent, received or stored by electronic means and includes (a) voice, where the voice is used in an automated transaction; and (b) a stored record. Data is defined as the electronic representation of information. It is in fact stated that a data message will not offend the best evidence rule on the ground that it is not in its original form (Ibid). It constitutes rebuttable proof of its contents when it is produced in the form of a print-out (compare the case of S B Jafta v. Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife (Case D204/07) where a e-mail used to accept an employment contract was regarded as conclusive proof that the said employment had been accepted).
The Act now states that Data messages shall be admissible giving due regard to reliability of manner of storage, generation and communication, reliability of admission manner of maintenance of message, manner in which originator is identified, and any other relevant factor. In other words the Act creates a rebuttable presumption of that data messages and/or printouts thereof are admissible in evidence (See also the controversial case of S v. Motata Johannesburg District Court case number 63/968/07 (unreported) at 622, where electronic information ( data in the form of images and sound) from a cell phone was admitted into evidence in a trial within a trial).
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The Format of the ijopcm, first submission - bet 8

International Journal of Engineering & Technology
439
of calories), the groceries are to be needed and gives a quick link
service to the vendor who brings all the groceries.
4.2. Living room arena
The smart TV will explore over the entertainment one is interested.
The smart TV will have numerous purposes like desktop personal
computer. So, this leads to interactive TV and added interactive
content will turn out to be accessible.
4.2.1. Smart Living with Smart Furniture:
The furniture has in-built mirror technology which makes the user
so excited and make he/she satisfied.
4.2.2. Smart Environment with smart Lightning:
The
lights which work smarter, as they maintain their brightness
according to the daylight and gets switch off when someone leaves
the room.
By giving the good lightning, ventilation that satisfies
the user.
4.2.3. Smart Living:
The camera detects and informs to the
household owner that the
guests are arrive with a face detection technology and makes all
the services get prepared to the guest by tracking and analysing all
the guest data.
Fig 1
: Working of smart home things

438
International Journal of Engineering & Technology
to-device communication, the interface typically includes some
sort of controller and display, so that the person doing the control-
ling can see what he is doing.
3.3. Sensors
Sensors are used to determine the status
of our environment and of
various devices. To detect temperature, humidity, light, noise and
motion. Specialized sensors detect smoke and carbon monoxide
levels; proximity sensors detect doors and windows are open or
shut. They can also detect status of devices
and location of devices
and people and so on.
The Format of the ijopcm, first submission - bet 4

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The Format of the ijopcm, first submissionBog'liq Smart Homes Steps Components Utilities and Challen2.
Smart steps to a Smart Home
The systematic development of smart home is very complex.
There are six steps to develop a smart home.
2.1. Basic Communications
The first step in creating a smart home is enabling members of the
household to communicate with other people outside the home.
Basic to achieving this step is some sort of communications tech-
nology, ranging from landline telephone service to mobile phone
service to broadcast television reception to an internet connection.
It enables data communication in addition to voice communica-
tion.
2.2. Simple Commands
Ability to issue some sort of commands to perform basic opera-
tions like locking or unlocking a door, turning lights on or off ,
checking for mail, even summoning helps when someone falls and
can’t get up. In this step, the house will also respond to commands
from outside the home.
2.3. Automating Basic Functions
In this step, manual control gives way to automatic control, via
programmed instructions through a smart application. One can
check the needed groceries are there in the refrigerator for make a
dish, check the conditions of electric appliances and which are
controlled by a remote.
2.4. Tracking and taking Actions
In this step, a home can act on unusual data from sensors through-
out the house. It uses programmed algorithms or basic artificial
intelligence to make decision based on the data. For example, the
car has a repair and it finds and sends the data to mechanic so that
he has to come and repair the car and make car ready to the owner.
Camera is the monitoring device which is used for tracking the
actions.
2.5. Prompting Activities and Answering Questions
Here the system prompt the activities based on the re-
quirement which intern have the intelligent system. An individual
that keep questioning the system and getting answers like “What
appointments do I have today?”
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Jurisdiction (ECT Act s90) - Cyber Crime in South Africa – Hacking, cracking, and other unlawful online activities

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Cyber Crime in South Africa – Hacking, cracking, and other unlawful online activities
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bet | 9/13 | Sana | 19.03.2017 | Hajmi | 0,7 Mb. | | #374 |
4.3 Jurisdiction (ECT Act s90)
Jurisdictional challenges are probably the main challenge that cyber prosecutors face in prosecution of cyber-crimes. Section 90 of the Act gives South African courts the jurisdiction to try offences arising from actions where an offence is committed in the republic, any act in preparation for the offence takes place in the republic, any part of the offence is committed in the republic, the result of the offence has effects in the republic, the offence is committed in the republic, by a person carrying on business in the Republic or when the offence is committed on board any ship or craft registered in republic. There is much legal debate however as to whether this provisions in line with International law and the effect of other international treaties on the prosecution of cyber-crimes
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Alcuni dati statistici sull’hate speech in Italia

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Alcuni dati statistici sull’hate speech in Italia
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bet | 1/3 | Sana | 19.03.2017 | Hajmi | 23,1 Kb. | | #313 |
Alcuni dati statistici sull’hate speech in Italia1
Stando ai dati relativi alle segnalazioni di casi di discriminazione ricevute dall’Ufficio Nazionale Antidiscriminazioni Razziali (UNAR), nel 2013 per la prima volta le discriminazioni on line hanno superato quelle registrate nell’ambito della vita pubblica e l’ambiente lavorativo: più di un quarto dei casi rilevati o segnalati (26,2%) si riferisce ai mass media (contro il 16,8% del 2012). In termini assoluti, si parla di 354 casi di discriminazione avvenuti nell’ambito dei media, la maggior parte dei quali sono riferibili ai social network2. Nel 2014, l’UNAR ha registrato 347 casi di espressioni razziste sui social, di cui 185 (oltre il 50%) su Facebook, le altre su Twitter e Youtube. A queste se ne aggiungono altre 326 nei link che le rilanciano, per un totale di quasi 700 episodi di intolleranza3.
Per quanto riguarda l’attività dell’OSCAD, l’Osservatorio per la sicurezza contro gli atti discriminatori del Ministero dell’Interno, dalla primavera 2011 al 10 gennaio 2014 ha ricevuto 150 segnalazioni relative a siti e profili internet con contenuti discriminatori e di incitamento all’odio (23% delle segnalazioni totali). Solo nell’ultimo periodo, dal 1 giugno al 31 dicembre 2013, l’OSCAD ha raccolto 65 segnalazioni (28%) riguardo al web4.
Una ricerca coordinata dall’Unione forense per la tutela dei diritti umani5 (2012), attesta un “preoccupante incremento dei fenomeni di incitamento all’odio razziale legati ai discorsi politici e ai media, specialmente nei confronti di rom e sinti, nonché un incremento del razzismo diffuso attraverso i nuovi canali, quali Internet e social network”. Conclusioni analoghe provengono dal rapporto sull’antiziganismo dell’Osservatorio 21 luglio (2014): nel periodo dal 16 maggio 2013 al 15 maggio 2014 sono stati rilevati 241 casi di discriminazione e/o incitamento all’odio, con una media di circa 1 episodio ogni due giorni. Di questi, il 48% proviene dai quotidiani online e il 39% da quotidiani. Nel 72% dei casi l’autore era un esponente politico o amministratore locale, nel 18% un giornalista. Nel 28% dei casi, l’autore è stato un esponente della Lega Nord; seguono Forza Nuova (10%) e il Popolo della Libertà (9%). Tra i casi di informazione scorretta, il rapporto cita articoli sia delle più influenti testate giornalistiche a livello nazionale (Corriere della Sera, La Repubblica, Il Messaggero), sia di numerosi giornali di informazione locale.
Secondo i dati forniti dal consigliere sulla sicurezza informatica del Ministero dell’Interno, nel 2009 i siti e i gruppi di discussione di natura razzista scoperti dalla Polizia sono stati 1.200, rispetto agli 800 dell’anno precedente6. Più recentemente, Caiani e Parenti (2013) hanno stimato che vi siano circa cento organizzazioni di estrema destra che hanno siti attivi su internet, un terzo delle quali è legato ad altre realtà internazionali.
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Autocracy, despotism and democracy - bet 41

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Autocracy, despotism and democracy
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bet | 41/46 | Sana | 01.04.2020 | Hajmi | 1,31 Mb. | | #9514 |
That was the moral, spiritual link between the Balkan Wars and the First World War. But on the purely political dimension, the Balkan Wars, especially the first one, can also be seen as the last important link in the chain leading to the Great War. For, as Hew Strachan writes, “the Germans saw it as a war fought by Russia by proxy, and on 2 December 1912 Bethmann-Hollweg announced in the Reichstag that, if Austria-Hungary was attacked by a third party while pursuing its interests, Germany would support Austria-Hungary and fight to maintain its own position in Europe. Britain responded on the following day: it feared that a Russo-Austrian War would lead to a German attack on France and warned the Germans that if that happened it would not accept a French defeat. The Kaiser was furious, and summoned a meeting of his military and naval chiefs on 8 December. He said that, if Russia came to Serbia’s aid, Germany would fight. He assumed that in such a war Bulgaria, Romania, Albania and Turkey would all side with the Triple Alliance [Germany, Austria and Italy], and take the main role against Serbia, so leaving Austria-Hungary to concentrate against Russia…”812
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Updates and other software

Updates and other software oynasida “
Normal installation ” ni tanlaymiz,
pastidan esa I
nstall third party software for graphics and Wi-Fi hardware and additional media formats ni belgilab va yana
Continueni bosib davom etamiz.
2.53-rasm. O’rnatish turini tanlash.
Installation type oynasida bizdan o’rnatishni so’raydi maslahat bu
yerdan
Something else ni
tanlab
o’rnatishni
boshlang
shunda
sizni
kompyuteringizdagi
kerakli
fayllaringiz
o’chmaydi,
buni
tanlab
Continueni bosamiz.
Bu yerdan biz o'zimiz ajratgan diskni topib olamiz yani 100 Gb freespace
diskni bo'lib olishimiz kerak "/" , "/home" va "swap" uchun freespaceni belgilab
keyin pastidan "+" ni bosib.
2.54-rasm. Diskdan joy ajratish.
"
Swap " uchun
4 Gb ham yetadi men
8Gb ajratdim , bu yerdagi birorta
diskni belgilab olib keyin “
+ ” ni bossak o’sha diskdan ajratib
olamiz,
Freespaceni tanlab “
+ ” ni bosib ajratamiz o’zimizga keraklicha. Bu
yerdagi Type for the partition: Primary ni tanlaymiz.
Location for the new partition `ga esa
Beginning of this space ni tanlab. “
Use as ”dan
swap area ni
belgilaymiz chunki biz hozir swap uchun joy ajratayapmiz.
8Gb ajratganimizdan
keyin “
OK ” ni bosamiz, endi swap tayyor bo’ldi endi qolganiga o’tamiz.
2.55-rasm. Mountni ko’rsatish.
Swapni ajratib olganimizdan keyin esa yana
Who are you ? - Ii bob. Tizimni o’rnatish va yangilash

Linuxni sozlash va uni ishga tushirish
2.59-rasm. Qayta yuklashni bajarish.
Kompyuterimizga
Linux(Ubuntu)
o'rnatib bo'lgandan
keyin kompyuterimiz
bizdan kompyuterni qayta ishga tushurishimizni so'raydi yani "
Restart Now
" ni
bosamiz
.
Kompyuterga Linux (Ubuntu) o’rnatib bo’lganidan keyin kompyuterimiz
bizdan kompyuterni qayta ishga tushurishimizni so’raydi yani “
Restart Now
”ni
bosishimizni.
“Installation Compalte Installation is complate.
You need to restart the
computerin order to use the new installation Restart Now" yani “O'rnatish
tugallandi. Yangi o'rnatishdan foydalanish uchun kompyuterni
qayta yoqishingiz
kerak” deb yozilgan
Restart
Now
ni bosamiz, kompyuterimiz
qayta ishga tushadi
yani o’chib qayta yonadi.
freespace
`ni belgilab 
"+"

Undan keyin yana o'sha xolat
freespaceni
belgilab
"+"
ni bosib"
/home
"
uchun
100Gb
qolganini qilib yuboramiz o'rtacha
62Gb
lar qoladi o'shani
barchasini "
/home
" qilib yuboramiz qolgan sozlamalari xuddi oldingiday bo’lib
turaveradi faqat “
Mount point
”ga “
/home
” deb yozamiz yoki yonidagi stireklani
bosib
/home
`ni
tanlab
OK
ni bosamiz.“
/home
” - foydalanuvchining ma'lumotlari
saqlanadigan alohida qism.
2.57-rasm. Diskka o’zgartirish kiritish.
Install Now
ni bosganimizdan keyin bizga ushbu oyna hosil bo’ladi bu yerda
yana bir bor ko’rib olishingiz mumkin ajratgan disklarizni,
bundan ham
ko’rganizdan keyin “
Continue
” ni bosamiz.
2.58-rasm. Foydalanuvchi ma’lumotlarini kiritish.
Keyin bizga “
Control4 - The Format of the ijopcm, first submission

|
The Format of the ijopcm, first submissionBog'liq Smart Homes Steps Components Utilities and Challen3.5.2. Control4:
It supports a number of smart devices from other manufacturers
and also offers its own line of devices. These include touch screen
Controllers, wall keypads, multi-zone audio amplifiers, light
switches and dimmers, smart thermostats, and the like. To com-
municate with connected devices, the control4 system uses either
TCP/IP over the internet or Zigbee’s wireless mesh networking
technology.
Note: homeseer, iris, mcontrol, quirky, Wera, vivint, vemo, wink
are other type of controllers.
3.5.3. X10:
X10 is grand daddy of them all. It operates over your home’s ex-
isting power lines. Just connecting to an electrical device to an
X10 Appliance module, this then plugs into a nearby wall outlet.
With a similar X10 transceiver Module plugged into another outlet,
use the controller to wirelessly operate any plugged-in device. It is
a low- cost module.
3.6. Networks
All the communication within the home takes place over some
kind of network, either wired or wireless. In wired network the
paraphernalia is fitted to the walls and associated to main power
supply, so that the data will spreads to activate or deactivate the
purposes of things. Wired home automations are associated using
optical fiber, twisted pair, power line, bus line etc. One of the
owing technologies is X10 which cost is very low and it is an open
standard. That is communication of binary data using the Ampli-
tude Modulation (AM) procedure. Most home automation today is
done wirelessly, using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or similar proprietary
networking technologies.
3.6.1. INSTEON:
It is a leading developer of networking technology for the con-
nected home. Its devices connect via a combination of wireless
radio frequency and wired power line technologies. Insteon’s RF
networking operates in a mesh configuration. Because of the way
mesh networks work; Insteon systems have no need for a central
controller. Setting up an INSTEON system is as simple as plug-
ging each device into a special power connector. This is automati-
cally connecting the new devices to all existing devices in a home.
3.6.2. Z-WAVE:
It is a wireless technology operates in the 900MHz band.It’s a
low-energy technology, so Z-wave devices can operate on battery
power alone. A single Z-wave network can handle up to 232 de-
vices, with an average maximum range between devices of 300
feet and so on.
3.6.3. ZIGBEE
:
It works similar to Z-wave and is supported by similar number of
home automation companies. It operates in the 915MHz band. The
mesh configuration enables a 30 to 60 foot connection range be-
tween devices. It is incorporated into tens of millions of smart gas
and electricity meters ideaa.
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Dangerous Code - Cyber Crime in South Africa – Hacking, cracking, and other unlawful online activities

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Cyber Crime in South Africa – Hacking, cracking, and other unlawful online activities
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bet | 4/13 | Sana | 19.03.2017 | Hajmi | 0,7 Mb. | | #374 |
2.2 Dangerous Code
Now let us turn to the common law crime of malicious damage to property and how it could relate to dangerous code such as Viruses, Worms and Trojan horses. Dangerous refers to any computer programme that causes destruction or harm and has been programmed in such a way with malicious intent. Ebersoehn & Henning (2000, p.111) defines virus as:
‘A piece of programming code usually disguised as something else that causes some unexpected and , for the victim usually undesirable event and which is often designed so that it is automatically spread to other computer users.’
They go on further and classify them as File infector viruses, system or boot record viruses and macroviruses. It must be noted that viruses can either be decimated or ‘contracted’ by exchange of various media or by receipt in an e-mail.
Ebersoehn & Henning (2000, p.112) define a worm as:
‘a type of a virus….that situates itself in a computer system in a place where it can do harm’.
The difference between a virus and a worm is that the former has to be activated by the user and that worm on the other hand gains access to the computer and search for other internet locations infecting them in the process.
Ebersoehn & Henning define a Trojan as:
‘A destructive computer programme disguised as a game, a utility or application. A Trojan horse does something devious to the computer system while appearing to do something useful’ (ibid).
In my view, the court’s inherent power to develop the common law relating to the creation and/or decimation of the above dangerous codes could have resulted in successful prosecution relating to malicious damage to property. The requirements of malicious intent and fault could easily be attributed in the form of dolus directus, dolus indirectus or even dolus eventualis and in some instances luxuaria (conscience negligence) could also be used where the author of such a programme failed to take precautions to ensure that it does not fall in the public domain (even if it was for research purposes).
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Acknowledgement - The Format of the ijopcm, first submission

Acknowledgement
The efforts were directed and supported
comparatively by man-
agement & principal of sir c r reddy college of engineering, eluru,
a.p, and India.
References
[1]
Meensika
S,
Xuanxia
L,
Ponchan
P and Mahasak
Ketcham Research and Thinking of Smart Home Technology in
International Conference on Systems and Electronic Engineering
December 18-19, 2012 Phuket.
[2]
B. Brumitt, Meyers, Krumm,Kern, S. Shafer, “EasyLiving:
technologies for intelligent environments”, in Proc. 2nd Int.
Symposium on Handheld and Ubiquitous Computing, 2000, pp.
97-119.
[3]
Internet of Things by Miller Michael.2015 edition
[4]
Jackie Craven, “What Is a Smart House?” [Online], Availa-
ble:http://architecture.about.com/od/buildyourhous1/g/smarthous
e.htm. [2012, October 18].
[5]
Saisakul Chernbumroong,Anthony Atkins and Hongnian, 2010,
“Perception of Smart Home Technologies to Assist Elderly Peo-
ple”, The 4th International Conference on Software, Knowledge,
Information Management and Applications (SKIMA 2010), Paro,
Bhutan, pp. 1-7.
[6]
Li Jiang,
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