nyuuzyou/kompy huggingface dataset:
bayt necha bitdan tashkil topgan?
429

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bayt necha bitdan tashkil topgan?
429
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bet | 7/8 | Sana | 22.05.2024 | Hajmi | 35,25 Kb. | | #250506 |
Bog'liq Raqamli Axborot texnologiyalari тест savol (2)428.1 bayt necha bitdan tashkil topgan?
429.Kompyuter nima?
431.EHM larning birinchi avlodining asosiy komponentlari nimalardan tashkil topgan?
432.Kompyuterning asosiy qurilmalari nimalardan iborat?
432.Kompyuterga ma`lumotlarni kiritish qurilmasi qaysi javobda to`g`ri ko`rsatilgan?
433.F1-F12 klavishlari qanday guruhga mansub hisoblanadi?
434.Kompyuterga ishlov beradigan ma`lumotlar qanday raqamlardan tuzilgan?
435.Kompyuterda klaviatura qanday vazifani bajaradi? 436.Bosh harflarni kiritish klavishasi qanday ataladi? 437.Informatikaning asosiy resursi nima?
438.1 Mbayt necha Kbaytni tashkil yetadi?
439.Printer qanday qurilma?
441.Axborotning eng kichik o’lchov birligi qanday ataladi?
442.4Kbayt necha baytga teng bo’ladi?
Operativ xotira nima?
Chop etish qurilmasi qaysi javobda to’g’ri ko’rsatilgan?
ENTER klavishasi qanday vazifani bajaradi?
Axborot o’lchov birliklarini o’sish tartibidagisini tanlang ?
Prezentasiya nima?
Slayd nima?
450.Mirosoft Word dasturida “Maxsus belgi” (simvol)larni qaysi menyu orqali kiritish mumkin?
450.Mirosoft Word dasturida sahifa xususiyatlarini (o'lchamlarini) qaysi joydan o`zgartirish mumkin?
451Mirosoft Word matn muharririga kirish ketmaketligi? 453.Mirosoft Excel elektron jadvaliga kirish ketmaketligi? 454.Mirosoft Power Point dasturiga kirish ketmaketligi?
455.Mirosoft Access dasturiga kirish ketmaketligi?
456.Mirosoft Excel dasturi qanday ishlar uchun mo’ljallangan? 457.Mirosoft Power Point dasturi qanday ishlar uchun mo'ljallangan? 458.Mirosoft Access dasturi qanday ishlar uchun mo'ljallangan?
159.16 lik sanоk sistemasida 84 nechaga teng?
Elektron jadval yaratish dasturining nomini ko'rsating.
Turli ko’rinishdagi taqdimotlar yaratish uchun mo'ljallangan dasturning nomini ko'rsating.
Ma'lumotlar bazasini yaratuvchi dasturning nomi ni ko'rsating.
Hujjatlar tayyorlashga mo'ljallangan dasturining nomi nima?
Microsoft Word dasturida eng ko`p ishlatiladigan asboblar panellari qaysilar?
Word dasturida chop etish buyrug’i qaysi menyu orqali bajariladi?
Avval yaratilgan ma'lumot yoki xujjatni ochish uchun qaysi buyruqlar tanlanadi?
MS WORD dasturida yangi yaratilgan dasturni saqlash uchun qaysi buyruqlar tanlanadi?
Ma’lumotni saqlayotgan vaqtda asosan nimalarga e’tibor berish kerak? 469.Word da mavjud faylni boshqa nom bilan saqlash uchun qaysi buyruqdan foydalaniladi?
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lik sanоk sistemasida 1 ni 1 ga ko’paytmasi nechaga teng?
365

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lik sanоk sistemasida 1 ni 1 ga ko’paytmasi nechaga teng?
365
|
bet | 6/8 | Sana | 22.05.2024 | Hajmi | 35,25 Kb. | | #250506 |
Bog'liq Raqamli Axborot texnologiyalari тест savol (2)364.2 lik sanоk sistemasida 1 ni 1 ga ko’paytmasi nechaga teng?
365.16 lik sanоk sistemasida 84 nechaga teng?
366.NumLock klavishasi... 367.DELETE klavishining vazifasi 368.Caps Lock klavishasi...
Kompyuterning ishlashini ta’minlovchi asosiy dastur qanday ataladi?
Fayl nima ?
380.Windows – inglizcha so’zi qanday ma’noni anglatadi ?
390.Hardware so‘zining ma’nosi 391.Software so‘zining ma’nosi 392.Tarmoqlar necha turga bo’lindi? 393.HUB vazifasi nima?
Operativ xotira nima vazifani bajaradi?
Modemning vazifasi nima?
Kompyuter – bu:
Mikroprotsessor nima:
Xotira hajmi o'lchov birligi qaysi javobda to'g'ri ko'rsatilgan:
Oraliq ma’lumotlarni vaqtincha saqlab turuvchi xotira bloki qanday nomlanadi: 400.Quyidagilardan qaysi biri kompyuter qurilmalari va foydalanuvchi o’rtasidagi muloqot o’rnatadi:
Kompyuterdagi ma’lumotlarni qayta ishlovchi qurilma – bu …
Kesh xotira nima:
Bufer nima:
Drayverlar nima:
Operativ xotira vazifasi nimalardan iborat:
Operativ xotira asosiy xarakteristikalari nimalardan iborat:
Birinchi 64 razryadli mikroprosessor qaysi kompaniya tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan:
Protsessor nimalardan tashkil topgan:
Kompyuterdagi ma’lumotlarni qayta ishlovchi qurilma – bu :
DNS kengaytmasi nima?
Topologiya – bu …?
MAC so’zini kengaytmasi nima?
Quyidagi ikkilik sanoq sistemasida berilgan sonlarning yig’indisi qaysi javobda
Shaxsiy kompyuterlarda ishlatiladigan operatsion tizimni ko’rsating.
Ochiq kodli operatsion tizimni ko’rsating
Belgisi ish stolida joylashgan dasturni qanday ishga tushirish mumkin?
Ish stolida papka qanday tashkil etiladi?
Word qanday yuklanadi?
Wordda hujjat ekranining ko`rinishini o`zgartirish uchun menyuning qaysi bo`limidan foydalaniladi?
Wordda shriftni tanlash qaysi menyuda ko`rsatilgan?
Word so`zining lug`aviy ma’nosi?
Word matn muharriridan klaviaturaning qaysi tugmalarini bosish orqali chiqib ketish mumkin?
Matnni xotirada saqlash qanday yo`l bilan amalga oshiriladi?
Printer qanday qurilma?
Word tahrirlagichi ishga tushganda kompyuterning o`zi faylga qanday nom beradi?
Klaviaturadagi Page Down tugmasi qanday vazifani bajaradi?
Klaviaturadagi Page Up tugmasi qanday vazifani bajaradi?
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Few words to say about this book - bet 46

85
Summary completion
Tip:
don’t always expect words or phrases in the box to be the same as in the text . they may be words
with similar meaning or the same word in a different from , so read both
the text and the summary
carefully.
Example
Here is a part of a text about innovation in business.
Success, for many companies, depends on their
ability to innovate, to create new products and services.
Ask anyone which business sectors are the most creative. And the music industry will come fairly high up
the list, but creativity is also the lifeblood of other, less obvious fields: the
pharmaceutical industry, for
instance, relies almost entirely on ideas and inventions that can be developed into new drugs. Just like
land buildings
machinery, ideas can be a valuable assets to a business , but while the former are tangible
assets ,
with a physical existence , idea has been developed , whether into a new medical
treatment or a
new brand of clothing, it become intellectual property , and can be legally owned.
It is then protected
against competitor benefiting by imitating the new product without having had to fund its development.
Mirosoft Excel dasturi qanday ishlar uchun mo’ljallangan? 336

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Mirosoft Excel dasturi qanday ishlar uchun mo’ljallangan? 336
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bet | 5/8 | Sana | 22.05.2024 | Hajmi | 35,25 Kb. | | #250506 |
Bog'liq Raqamli Axborot texnologiyalari тест savol (2)335.Mirosoft Excel dasturi qanday ishlar uchun mo’ljallangan? 336.Mirosoft Power Point dasturi qanday ishlar uchun mo'ljallangan? 337.Mirosoft Access dasturi qanday ishlar uchun mo'ljallangan?
Matematik amallarni va muhandislik hisobkitoblarini bajarish uchun mo`ljallangan dasturning nomi nima?
Turli ko’rinishdagi slayd va taqdimotlar yaratish uchun mo'ljallangan dasturning nomi nima?
Turli xil hajmdagi ma'lumotlar bazasini yaratuvchi dasturning nomi nima? 341.Yuqori darajadagi imkoniyatlarga ega bo’lgan hujjatlar tayyorlashga mo'ljallangan dasturining nomi nima?
Microsoft Word dasturida eng ko`p ishlatiladigan asboblar panellari qaysilar?
Word dasturida chop etish buyrug’i qaysi menyu orqali bajariladi?
Avval yaratilgan ma'lumot yoki xujjatni ochish uchun qaysi buyruqlar tanlanadi?
Yangi yaratilgan dasturni saqlash uchun qaysi buyruqlar tanlanadi? 346.Ma’lumotni saqlayotgan vaqtda asosan nimalarga e’tibor berish kerak? 347.Wordda mavjud faylni boshqa nom bilan saqlash uchun qaysi buyruqdan foydalaniladi?
Word da Yangi sahifa ochish uchun qaysi buyruqdan foydalaniladi?
Найти va Заменит buyrug`i qanaqa vazifani bajaradi?
Noto’g’ri harakatni bekor qilish uchun qaysi menyudan foydalaniladi?
Hujjatga Фон berish uchun qaysi menyudan foydalaniladi?
Monitorning vazifasi nima? 353.Klaviaturaning vazifasi nima? 354.Protsessorning vazifasi nima? 355.Skanerning vazifasi nima?
356.Printerning vazifasi nima? 357.Modemning vazifasi nima? 358.Operativ xotira nima vazifani bajaradi?
359.Sichqoncha vazifasi nima? 360.Matnni qalin yozish belgisi? 361.Matnni qiyshiq yozish belgisi? 362.Matnni ostiga chizish belgisi? 363.Matnni rangini o’zgartirish belgisi?
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Questions 8-13 - Few words to say about this book

65
considered a mental disorder. It is simply a common variant of human nature, one which iconoclasts do not
let inhibit their reactions.
Finally, to be successful iconoclasts, individuals must sell their ideas to other people. This is where social
intelligence comes in. Social intelligence is the ability to understand and manage people in a business setting.
In the last decade there has been an explosion of knowledge about the social brain and how the brain works
when groups coordinate decision making. Neuroscience has revealed which brain circuits are responsible for
functions like understanding what other people think, empathy, fairness, and social identity. These
brain regions play key roles in whether people convince others of their ideas. Perception is important in social
cognition too. The perception of someone's enthusiasm, or reputation, can make or break a deal. Understanding
how perception becomes intertwined with social decision making shows why successful iconoclasts are so
rare.
Iconoclasts create new opportunities in every area from artistic expression to technology to business. They
supply creativity and innovation not easily accomplished by committees. Rules aren't important to them.
Iconoclasts face alienation and failure, but can also be a major asset to any organization. It is crucial for
success in any field to understand how the iconoclastic mind works.
Questions 34- 39 - Few words to say about this book

172
READING PASSAGE 6
A Chronicle of Timekeeping
Our conception of time depends on the way we measure it
A
According to archaeological evidence, at least 5,000 years ago, and long before the advent of the Roman
Empire, the Babylonians began to measure time, introducing calendars to co-ordinate communal activities, to
plan the shipment of goods and, in particular, to regulate planting and harvesting. They based their calendars
on three natural cycles: the solar day, marked by the successive periods of light and darkness as the earth
rotates on its axis; the lunar month, following the phases of the moon as it orbits the earth; and the solar year,
defined by the changing seasons that accompany our planet's revolution around the sun.
B
Before the invention of artificial light, the moon had greater social impact. And, for those living near the
equator in particular, its waxing and waning was more conspicuous than the passing of the seasons. Hence, the
calendars that were developed at the lower latitudes were influenced more by the lunar cycle than by the solar
year. In more northern climes, however, where seasonal agriculture was practised, the solar year became
more crucial. As the Roman Empire expanded northward, it organised its activity chart for the most
Internetda elektron pochta alresi berilgan: user@int.skynet.org. Bu yerdagi

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Internetda elektron pochta alresi berilgan: user@int.skynet.org. Bu yerdagi
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bet | 3/8 | Sana | 22.05.2024 | Hajmi | 35,25 Kb. | | #250506 |
Bog'liq Raqamli Axborot texnologiyalari тест savol (2)Internetda elektron pochta alresi berilgan: user@int.skynet.org. Bu yerdagi foydalanuvchi nomini aniklang
Elektron pochtalar nimalarni junatish imknoiyatini beradi? 181.Kaysi protokol Internetning asosiy protokoli xisoblanadi?
182.Internet tarmogida kaysi programmalardan foydalaniladi? 183.http://www.mysite.ru/page.htm bu : 184.user@company.ru bu :
185.TCP/IP nima? 186.Gipermatnlar tili bu :
Gipermatnli xujjatlarni kidirish va kurish programmalari kanday nomlanadi?
IP adres nuktalar bilan ajratilgan nechta sonlar uchligidan iborat buladi?
Elektron xat kaysi ma’lumotga albatta ega bulishi shart? 190.Internetning paydo bulishi tarixi :
191.Internetdan tijorat maksadida foydalanishga kachon ruxsat berildi? 192.Birinchi veb-brauzer nomini aniklang.
194.Veb-saxifa yaratuvchi asosiy til kaysi ? 195.Internetda eng kup kullaniladigan xizmat kaysi? 196.Veb-server nima?
Kompyuter internet tarmogiga ulanish uchun zarur vositalar va xizmatlar kaysi javobda tugri kursatilgan?
FTP bilan HTTP ning kaysi birining imkoniyati kuprok?
Fayllar uzatish protokoli kaysi?
Gipermatnlar uzatish protokoli kaysi ?
Sizning dustingiz chet elga ukishga ketdi, lekin siz u bilan alokani uzmokchi emassiz. Siz kanday kilib uning ayni vaktda internetda ishlayotganligini aniklab u bilan aloka urnata olasiz?
Sayt nima?
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Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2

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Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
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bet | 35/66 | Sana | 13.01.2024 | Hajmi | 96,62 Kb. | | #136213 |
Bog'liq Дастурий таъминот тизимларини лойихалаш узбManba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
Algoritm nima?
|
A. muayyan harakatlar ketma-ketligini bajarish uchun ijrochiga berilgan aniq va ravshan ko'rsatma
|
B. aniq bir ijrochi uchun mo'ljallangan belgilar va signallar yordamida ob'ektiv dunyoni aks ettirish
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C. maqsadga erishishga qaratilgan bo'lishi kerak bo'lgan ba'zi haqiqiy bayonotlar
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D. dastur kodini dasturlash tilida tasvirlash
|
№ 103.
Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
Algoritm ijrochisi nima?
|
A. muayyan harakatlar majmuasini bajarishga qodir boʻlgan shaxs yoki kompyuter
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B. zarur harakatlarning aniq va aniq belgilanishi
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C. harakatlarni bajarish uchun muayyan shartlar
|
D. algoritm qadamlarini bogʻlovchi element
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№ 104.
Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
“Tushunarli” kompyuter dasturlash tilida yozilgan algoritm nima deb ataladi?
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A. dastur
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B. algoritmlar ijrochisi
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C. blok-sxema
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D. Algoritm protokoli
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№ 104.
|
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Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
|
Vozni red za soboto, 2019

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Vozni red za soboto, 2019
|
Sana | 26.03.2020 | Hajmi | 14,94 Kb. | | #8914 |
VOZNI RED ZA SOBOTO, 2. 2. 2019
1. AVTOBUS
07:00
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Vojsko - Vesca – Selo(Mali Dunaj) – Selo (spomenik) – Selo (obračališče) – Šinkov Turn – Koseze (Martinjek) – Koseze – Utik – Bukovica(Anzel) – Bukovica (Plevelec) – OŠ Vodice
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08:05
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Vojsko - Vesca – Selo(Mali Dunaj) – Selo (spomenik) – Selo (obračališče) – Šinkov Turn – Koseze (Martinjek) – Koseze – Utik – Bukovica(Anzel) – Bukovica (Plevelec) – OŠ Vodice
|
|
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12:20
|
OŠ Vodice – Bukovica (Plevelec) – Bukovica (Anzel) – Utik – Koseze – Martinjek – Šinkov Turn (mlekarna) – Šinkov Turn – Selo (obračališče) – Selo (spomenik) – Selo (križišče) – Vesca – Vojsko - Vodice
|
13:15
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OŠ Vodice – Bukovica (Plevelec) – Bukovica (Anzel) – Utik – Koseze – Martinjek – Šinkov Turn (mlekarna) – Šinkov Turn – Selo (obračališče) – Selo (spomenik) – Selo (križišče) – Vesca – Vojsko - Vodice
|
14:10
|
OŠ Vodice – Bukovica (Plevelec) – Bukovica (Anzel) – Utik – Koseze – Martinjek – Šinkov Turn (mlekarna) – Šinkov Turn – Selo (obračališče) – Selo (spomenik) – Selo (križišče) – Vesca – Vojsko-Vodice
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2. AVTOBUS
07:16
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Skaručna – Skaručna (spomenik) – Polje (obračališče) – Benk – Repnje (samostan) – Repnje (kapelica) – Zapoge (obračališče) – OŠ Vodice
|
07:30
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OŠ Vodice - Utik - OŠ Vodice
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08:06
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Skaručna – Skaručna (spomenik) – Polje (obračališče) – Benk – Repnje (samostan) – Repnje (kapelica) – Zapoge (obračališče) – OŠ Vodice
|
08:20
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OŠ Vodice - Utik - OŠ Vodice
|
|
|
12:20
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OŠ Vodice – Zapoge (obračališče) – Repnje (kapelica) – Repnje (samostan) – Benk – Polje (obračališče) – Skaručna (spomenik) – Skaručna
|
13:15
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OŠ Vodice – Zapoge (obračališče) – Repnje (kapelica) – Repnje (samostan) – Benk – Polje (obračališče) – Skaručna (spomenik) – Skaručna
|
14:10
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OŠ Vodice – Zapoge (obračališče) – Repnje (kapelica) – Repnje (samostan) – Benk – Polje (obračališče) – Skaručna (spomenik) – Skaručna
|
ZADNJA VOŽNJA
15:20
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OŠ Vodice – Bukovica (Plevelec) – Bukovica (Anzel) – Utik – Koseze – Martinjek – Šinkov Turn (mlekarna) – Šinkov Turn – Selo (obračališče) – Selo (spomenik) – Selo (križišče) – Vesca – Vojsko - Skaručna - Polje - Repnje - Zapoge - Vodice
|
* Učenci lahko koristijo avtobusni prevoz na redni liniji, ki velja ob sobotah.
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Qiyinlik darajasi – 2 - Dasturiy ta’minot tizimlarini loyihalash № Manba

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Dasturiy ta’minot tizimlarini loyihalash № Manba
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bet | 49/66 | Sana | 13.01.2024 | Hajmi | 96,62 Kb. | | #136213 |
Bog'liq Дастурий таъминот тизимларини лойихалаш узбQiyinlik darajasi – 2
№ 150.
Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
Dasturning hayot sikli nima?
|
A. Dasturiy ta'minot kontseptsiyasi ishlab chiqilgan paytdan boshlab va undan keyingi dasturiy ta'minotdan foydalanish mumkin bo'lmagan vaqtgacha tugaydigan vaqt davri
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B. Dastlabki tizim haqida ma'lumot olish uchun modellarni qurish va keyin ularni qo'llash jarayoni
|
C. ma'lum nuqtai nazardan ko'rilgan ixtiyoriy tizim, ob'ekt yoki jarayonning mavhumligi va qandaydir til yoki grafik shaklda tasvirlanishi
|
D. axborotni qayta ishlash tizimi uchun dasturlar va ularning ishlashi uchun zarur boʻlgan dasturiy hujjatlar toʻplami
|
№ 151.
Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
Spetsifikatsiya nima?
|
A. bu tizim xatti-harakatining xarakterli xususiyatlarini ishlab chiquvchining til tavsifi.
|
B. individual ko'rsatmalarni bajarish tartibini ko'rsatadigan bog'lanish chiziqlari bilan geometrik shakllar yordamida algoritm tuzilishini tavsiflash
|
C. algoritm tuzilishini tabiiy tilda tavsiflash
|
D. algoritm tuzilishini algoritmik dasturlash tilida tavsiflash
|
№ 152.
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Kompyuter tizimlari kafedrasi

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Kompyuter tizimlari kafedrasi
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bet | 1/4 | Sana | 24.05.2024 | Hajmi | 60,64 Kb. | | #252852 |
Bog'liq mashinali ok1
MUXAMMAD AL-XORAZMIY NOMIDAGI
TOSHKENT AXBOROT TEXNOLOGIYALARI UNIVERSITETI
SAMARQAND FILIALI
KOMPYUTER TIZIMLARI KAFEDRASI
5330500- Kompyuter injiniring ta'lim yo'nalishi
“Mashinali o’qitishga kirish” fanidan
MUSTAQIL ISH № 1
Mavzu: Mashinali o'qitish modellari uchun asosiy algoritmlar.
Bajardi: ____________ 4-kurs talabasi Fayzullayev Z
Qabul qildi: ___________ Sattarov M
Ishni bahosi: ___________ ball
Samarqand – 2023
Mavzu: Mashinali o'qitish modellari uchun asosiy algoritmlar.
Reja:
K-means klasifikatori
Support Vector Machines (SVM) modellari
Mashinali o'qitish modellari uchun asosiy algoritmlar
Regressiya modellari: Bu, bir nechta o'zgaruvchilarni o'zgartirish natijasida bir o'zgaruvchining qiymatini aniqlashga yordam beruvchi bir modellarga bo'lgan kelajak hisoblash uchun juda mos algoritmlardir. Masalan, lineyka regressiya, polinomial regressiya va logaritmik regressiya.
K-means klasifikatori: Bu algoritm, bir ma'lum miqdorda ma'lumotlar to'plamidan xususiyatlarni o'rganish uchun ishlatiladi va ulardan ma'lum bir sonini tanilaydi.
Naive Bayes klasifikatori: Bu algoritm, berilgan xususiyatlarni asoslaydigan va ulardan qaysi kategoriyaga tegishli ekanligini aniqlaydigan, qiyinchiliklarga qarshi ko'p xil ma'lumotlarda ishlatiladigan o'qitish modelidir.
Decision tree modellari: Bu, bir ma'lumot to'plamidan berilgan xususiyatlarni asoslaydigan va uni qaysi kategoriyaga tegishli ekanligini aniqlaydigan o'qitish modellari. Modellar o'qitish uchun kichik sahifalar va qayta ishlovlar yordamida tuziladi.
Random Forest modellari: Bu, bir nechta qayta ishlov va sahifalar yordamida tuzilgan bir nechta decision tree modellarining birlashtirilgan o'qitish modeli hisoblanadi.
Support Vector Machines (SVM) modellari: Bu, ko'p xil kategoriyalar va ularga mos ko'plik ma'lumotlar kiritilgan bo'lganda, ulardan biri vaqtincha o'zgartirilgan bo'lishi uchun eng yaxshi chiziqni topish uchun ishlatiladigan o'qitish modellari.
Neural tarmoqlar (Neural Networks): Bu, ko'p qatlama tarmoqlaridan tashkil topgan va qabul qilingan xususiyatlarni asoslaydigan, ulardan berilgan kategoriyaga tegishli ekanligini aniqlaydigan vaqtincha o'zgartiriladigan o'qitish modellaridir.
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Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2

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Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
|
bet | 48/66 | Sana | 13.01.2024 | Hajmi | 96,62 Kb. | | #136213 |
Bog'liq Дастурий таъминот тизимларини лойихалаш узбManba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
Inkapsulatsiyani buzmasdan, ob'ektning ichki holatini keyinchalik o'sha holatga qaytarish uchun tuzatish va saqlash imkonini beruvchi xulq-atvorli loyihalash shabloni?
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A. xotira
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B. buyrug'i
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C. shablonli usul
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D. kuzatuvchi
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№ 148.
Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
Xolat xulq-atvori loyihalash shabloni qachon qo'llaniladi?
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A. dasturni bajarish jarayonida obʼyekt oʻz holatiga qarab oʻz harakatini oʻzgartirishi kerak boʻlgan hollarda qoʻllaniladi
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V. algoritmlar turkumini aniqlash, ularning har birini qamrab olish va oʻzaro almashinishini taʼminlash uchun ishlatiladi.
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C. sinf uchun mexanizmni yaratish uchun ishlatiladi, bu sinf ob'ektining namunasiga boshqa ob'ektlardan holatining o'zgarishi to'g'risida bildirishnoma olish va shu orqali ularni kuzatish imkonini beradi.
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D. yigʻilgan obʼyektlarning har birining tavsifidan foydalanmasdan agregat obʼyekt elementlariga ketma-ket kirishni olish uchun ishlatiladi.
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№ 149.
Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
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Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
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- picture Vesicle production, transport and fusion

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- picture Vesicle production, transport and fusion
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bet | 11/13 | Sana | 16.05.2024 | Hajmi | 1,48 Mb. | | #237391 |
Bog'liq Structure and function of biological membranes.2.3 3- picture Vesicle production, transport and fusion.
The formation and fusing of vesicles are energetically demanding, as these processes require the stable bilayer to be broken in order to pinch off a new vesicle, and then fused with a different membrane. Both energy and specialized protein machinery are required to overcome this energy barrier.
Once the vesicle has budded, travelled through the cytosol and reached its destination, it must fuse with its receptor membrane. Again this is an energetically unfavourable process, and protein machinery has to be utilized in order to allow the fusion of two bilayers. SNARE proteins are central to the process of vesicle fusion. Vesicles carry v-SNAREs that bind to specific t-SNAREs on the target membranes. Not only does this confer specificity in the targeting of vesicles, but also the SNAREs facilitate membrane fusion on arrival of the vesicle. The interacting v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs form a four-helix bundle at the interface between the two membranes, consisting of three helices from the t-SNARE and one helix from the v-SNARE. This stable interaction is thought to provide the free energy necessary to enable the two membranes to become very close and fuse. As the two bilayers become closer, the lipids in the two outer leaflets can come into contact with one another, thereby increasing the hydrophobic nature of the site and enabling the membranes to join, and overcoming the energy barrier. The transmembrane domains of the SNAREs are also believed to be involved in membrane fusion, as when they are replaced by lipids experimentally, fusion does not occur. Upon fusion, the cargo enters the target compartment, and the lipids and membrane proteins that formed the vesicle diffuse into the target membrane.
Determining the mechanisms of membrane budding is important for understanding how viruses such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) produce new viral particles. Unlike the budding in the secretory pathway described earlier, HIV particles bud away from the cytoplasm, into the extracellular space. This viral budding occurs in the same orientation as the budding that occurs within endosomes. The proteins which enable this budding are referred to as endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs). HIV ‘hijacks’ the ESCRT machinery to enable it to bud from the plasma membrane, out of the cytoplasm and into the extracellular space. Interactions between HIV proteins and ESCRT proteins recruit the host cell ESCRT machinery to the budding vesicle, allowing membrane scission and vesicle release. Other viruses can bud without assistance from the ESCRTs, and it is thought that HIV may also be able to bud in an ESCRT-independent manner. Understanding more about these membrane budding and scission events is crucial to elucidating how viruses proliferate and how we can inhibit processes by means of drug interventions.
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Nazorat savollari - Vazirligi muhammad al-xorazmiy nomidagi toshkent

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Vazirligi muhammad al-xorazmiy nomidagi toshkent
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bet | 19/111 | Sana | 20.05.2024 | Hajmi | 2,03 Mb. | | #246571 |
Nazorat savollari
Axborot xavfsizligining hayotiy timsollari va ularning vazifalari.
Kiberxavfsizlik tushunchasiga izoh bering.
Kiberxavfsizlik fan sifatida qanday tuzilishga ega?
Kiberxavfsizlikning asosiy tushunchalari.
Axborotning konfidensialligini ta’minlash deganda nimani tushunasiz?
Axborotni yaxlitligini ta’minlash deganda nimani tushunasiz?
Axborot uchun foydalanuvchanlikning muhimligi.
Risk va uning kiberxavfsizlikdagi o‘rni.
Hujumchi kabi fikrlash nima uchun zarur?
Tizimli fikrlash nima va u nima uchun zarur?
Axborot xavfsizligi va axborotni himoyalash tushunchalarining bir-biridan farqi nimada?
Aktiv nima?
Tahdid va zaiflik tushunchalariga izoh bering.
Axborot xavfsizligi va kiberxavfsizlik tushunchalarining bir- biridan farqi nimada?
Kiberxavfsizlikning bilim sohalari va ularning asosiy xususiyatlari nimalardan iborat?
Kiberxavfsizlikda inson omilini misollar yordamida tushuntiring.
Kiberjinoyatchilik tushunchasiga izoh bering.
Kiberjinoyatni amalga oshirishdan ko‘zlangan maqsadlar.
Kiberjinoyatchilikning asosiy turlari.
Kiberetika tushunchasiga izoh bering va ularga misollar keltiring.
Kompterdan foydalanish davomida qanday etika qoidalarga e’tibor berish talab qilinadi?
Kiberjinoyatchilikni oldini olish usullari va kiberqonunlar haqida ma’lumot bering.
“Axborot erkinligi prinsiplari va kafolatlari to‘g‘risida”gi qonunda axborotdan foydalanish tartiblari haqida nimalar deyilgan?
O‘zbekiston Respublikasining Ma’muriy javobgarlik to‘g‘risidagi kodeksida kiberjinoyatchilikka oid qanday bandlar mavjud?
O‘zbekiston Respublikasi jinoyat kodeksida kiberjinoyatchilikka oid qanday bandlar mavjud?
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Kriptografiyaning - Vazirligi muhammad al-xorazmiy nomidagi toshkent

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Vazirligi muhammad al-xorazmiy nomidagi toshkent
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bet | 25/111 | Sana | 20.05.2024 | Hajmi | 2,03 Mb. | | #246571 |
Kriptografiyaning tarixi. Ma’lumotlarni shifrlashning dastlabki ko‘rinishlaridan ming yillar avval foydalanib kelingan. Yaqin o‘n yilliklarga qadar foydalanilgan shifrlar klassik shifrlar deb atalgan. Kriptografiyani fan sifatida taraqqiy etishini aksariyat adabiyotlarda bir necha davrlarga ajratib, turli yondashuvlarga asoslanib o‘rganilgan. Masalan, ba’zi manbalarda hisoblash qurilmalari yaratilgunga qadar foydalanilgan shifrlar – klassik shifrlar davriga tegishli deb olingan.
Undan keyingi davr esa zamonaviy shifrlar davri deb yuritiladi. Biroq, hisoblash qurilmalari yaratilgunga qadar bo‘lgan davr juda uzoq bo‘lgani bois, ularni ham qismdavrlarga ajratish muhim ahamiyat kasb etgan. Shuning uchun, kriptologiyani fan sifatida shakllanishini quyidagi davrlarga ajratish mumkin:
Qadimiy davr (qadimiy davr klassik shifrlari). Ushbu davrda klassik shifrlar asosan bir alfavitli o‘rniga qo‘yish va o‘rin almashtirish akslantirishlariga asoslangan. Masalan, Sezar, Polibiya kvadrati usullari.
O‘rta davr (o‘rta davr klassik shifrlari). Ushbu davrda shifrlar asosan ko‘p alfavitli o‘rniga qo‘yishga asoslangan bo‘lib, ularga Vijiner, Atbash usullarini misol sifatida keltirish mumkin. Ushbu davrdagi shifrlarning, birinchi davr shifrlariga qaraganda, bardoshligi yuqori bo‘lgan.
1 va 2 – jaxon urushlari davri (1 va 2- jaxon urushlari davridagi klassik shifrlar). Ushbu davr kriptotizimlari asosan elektromexanikaga asoslangan bo‘lib, radioto‘lqin orqali shifrmatnni uzatish (Morze alifbosi) amalga oshirilgan. Mazkur davrga oid shifrlash usullariga Zimmermann telegrammi, Enigma shifri, SIGABA mashinalarini misol sifatida keltirish mumkin.
Kompyuter davri (zamonaviy shifrlar). Ushbu davr shifrlari hisoblash qurilmalariga mo‘ljallangan bo‘lib, yuqori xavfsizlik darajasiga ega. Zamonaviy shifrlarga misol sifatida DES, AES, ГОСТ Р 28147-89, IDEA, A5/1, RC4 (barchasi simmetrik) va RSA, El-Gamal (ochiq kalitli) larni keltirish mumkin.
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Sotsial injineriyadan himoyalanish choralari

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Sotsial injineriyadan himoyalanish choralari
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bet | 18/111 | Sana | 20.05.2024 | Hajmi | 2,03 Mb. | | #246571 |
Sotsial injineriyadan himoyalanish choralari. Hujumlarni amalga oshirishda sotsial injineriya texnikasidan foydalangan tajovuzkorlar tez- tez muloyimlik, dangasalik, xushmuomilalik bilan foydalanuvchi va tashkilot xodimlarining qiziqishlaridan foydalanadilar. Hujumlarni oldini olish esa, xodimlarning aldanayotganliklarini bilmasliklari sababli, murakkab hisoblanadi.
Sotsial injineriya hujumlarini quyidagicha aniqlash mumkin:
o‘zini do‘stingiz yoki yordam so‘rab murojaat qilgan yangi xodim sifatida tanishtirish;
o‘zini yetkazib beruvchi, hamkor kompaniyaning xodimi yoki qonun vakili sifatida tanishtirish;
o‘zini biror rahbar sifatida tanishtirish;
biror zaiflikni bartaraf etuvchi yoki jabrlanuvchiga biror nimani yangilash imkoniyatini taqdim qiluvchi sotuvchi yoki ishlab chiqaruvchi sifatida tanishtirish;
muammo yuzaga kelganida yordam beruvchi sifatida tanishtirish;
ishonchni hosil qilish uchun ichki xotirjamlik va terminologiyadan foydalanish;
“maktub”ga turli zararli dasturlarni qo‘shib yuborish;
soxta ochilgan oynada login/ parolni qayta kiritishni so‘rash;
foydalanuvchi nomi va paroli bilan saytga ro‘yxatdan o‘tish uchun biror sovg‘a taklif etish;
jabrlanuvchi kompyuteriga yoki dasturiga kiritilgan kalitlarni yozib olish (keylogger dasturlari);
turli xil zararli dasturiy vositaga ega ma’lumot eltuvchilarini foydalanuvchi stoliga tashlash;
turli qo‘ng‘iroqlardagi ovozli xabarlar va h.
Hayotda ko‘plab jabhalarda sotsial injineriyaga tegishli muammolarni ko‘rish mumkin. Xususan, ommaviy madaniyatda (masalan, kinofilmlarda) sotsial injinerlikdan foydalanish holatlari tez-tez uchrab turadi. Masalan, quyidagi keltirilgan kinofilmlarda sotsial injineriyaga oid epizodlar mavjud:
«Поймай меня, если сможешь»;
«Поймай толстуху, если сможешь»;
«Один дома»;
«Хакеры»;
«Афера Томаса Крауна»;
«Бриллианты навсегда»;
«Кто я».
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Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2

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Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
|
bet | 47/66 | Sana | 13.01.2024 | Hajmi | 96,62 Kb. | | #136213 |
Bog'liq Дастурий таъминот тизимларини лойихалаш узбManba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
Turli ob'ektlar va sinflarning o'zaro ta'sirini amalga oshirish algoritmlari va usullarini belgilaydigan loyihalash shablonining nomi qanday?
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A. xulq-atvorli shablonlari
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B. strukturaviy shablonlar
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C. generativ naqshlar
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D. meʼmoriy naqshlar
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№ 143.
Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
Quyidagi modellardan qaysi biri xulq-atvor shablonidir?
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A. ma’suliyatlar zanjiri
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B. opportunist
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C. fasad
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D. dekorativ
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№ 144.
Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
Mas'uliyat darajasida tizimni tashkil qilish uchun xulq-atvor shabloni qaysi?
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A. ma’suliyatlar zanjiri
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B. buyrug'i
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C. shablonli usul
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D. kuzatuvchi
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№ 145.
Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
Ko'pgina ob'ektlarning o'zaro ta'sirida zaif bog'lanishni yaratish va ob'ektlarning bir-biriga aniq havola qilish zaruratini yo'q qilishga imkon beruvchi xulq-atvorli shablon?
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A. vositachi
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B. buyrug'i
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C. shablonli usul
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D. kuzatuvchi
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№ 146.
Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
“Strategiya” xulq-atvor loyihalash shabloni nima uchun?
|
A. algoritmlar oilasini aniqlash, ularning har birini qamrab olish va ularning oʻzaro almashinishini taʼminlash.
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B. javobgarlik darajalari tizimidagi tashkilot uchun
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C. koʻp obʼyektlarning oʻzaro taʼsirida boʻshashmasdan bogʻlanish hosil qilish va obʼyektlarning bir-biriga aniq murojaat qilish zaruriyatini bartaraf etish uchun.
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D. mavhumlikni va amalga oshirishni ajratish uchun dasturiy ta'minot dizayni uchun ular mustaqil ravishda o'zgarishi mumkin
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№ 147.
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Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
Manba: Diehl S. Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software.
Qiyinlik darajasi – 2
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RFID – Radio Frequency IDentification SIM

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RFID – Radio Frequency IDentification SIM
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bet | 99/111 | Sana | 20.05.2024 | Hajmi | 2,03 Mb. | | #246571 |
RFID – Radio Frequency IDentification SIM - Security Information Management SSID - Service Set Identifier
SSL - Secure Sockets Layer
TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
USB – Universal Serial Bus
UTM - Unifield Threat Management VPN – Virtual Private Network WAN - Wide Area Network
WEP - Wired Equivalent Privacy
WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network WMAN - Wireless Metropolitan Area Network WPA - Wi-Fi Protected Access
WPAN - Wireless Personal Area Network WWAN - Wireless Wide Area Network AOB - Alisaning onlayn banki
ATM – Automated teller machine
MAC - Media access control
OT – Operatsion tizim
ERI - Elektron raqamli imzo
ATAMALARNING RUS, O‘ZBEK VA INGLIZ TILLARIDAGI IZOHLI LUG‘ATI
Авторизация - представление пользователю определенных прав доступа на основе положительного результата его аутентификации в системе.
Avtorizatsiya – tizimda foydalanuvchiga, uning ijobiy autentifikatsiyasiga asosan, ma’lum foydalanish huquqlarini taqdim etish. Authorization – granting the user certain access rights based on the positive result of authentication in the system.
Администратор защиты - субъект доступа, ответственный за защиту автоматизированной системы от несанкционированного доступа к информации.
Himoya ma’muri – avtomatlashtirilgan tizimni axborotdan ruxsatsiz foydalanishdan himoyalashga javobgar foydalanish subyekti.
Security administrator - the subject of the access responsible for the protection of the automated system against unauthorized access to the information.
Администратор системы - лицо, отвечающее за эксплуатацию системы и поддержание ее в работоспособном состоянии.
Tizim ma’muri – tizimni ekspluatatsiyasiga va uning ishga layoqatlik holatini ta’minlashga javobgar shaxs.
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Antivirus - - Vazirligi muhammad al-xorazmiy nomidagi toshkent

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Vazirligi muhammad al-xorazmiy nomidagi toshkent
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bet | 102/111 | Sana | 20.05.2024 | Hajmi | 2,03 Mb. | | #246571 |
Antivirus - the program that detect or detect and remove viruses. If virus remove not possible, then the infected program is destroyed. Another program, designed to protect against viruses, detecting infected software modules and system areas as well as restore the original state of infected object.
Аппаратное средство защиты информации - специальное защитное устройство или приспособление, входящее в комплект технического средства обработки информации.
Axborotni himoyalashning apparat vositasi – axborotni ishlovchi texnik vositasi komplekti tarkibiga kiruvchi maxsus himoyalovchi qurilma yoki moslama.
Hardware data protection - a special protective device or fixture included in the kit technical tools of information processing.
Апплеты вредоносные - небольшие приложения, которые автоматически загружаются и выполняются, и которые реализуют несанкционированные функции информационной системы.
Zararli appletlar - axborot tizimida ruxsat etilmagan funksiyalarni amalga oshiruvchi, avtomatik yuklanuvchi va bajariluvchi kichik ilovalar. Malicious applets – small application that are automatically downloaded and executed and that perform an unauthorized function on an information system.
Архитектура IT безопасности - описание принципов безопасности и общего подхода для соблюдения принципов, управляющих системой проектирования безопасности.
AT xavfsizlik arxitekturasi - xavfsizlikni loyihalash tizimini boshqaruvchi prinsiplariga rioya qilish uchun xavfsizlik prinsiplarining va umumiy yondashishning tavsifi.
IT security architecture – a description of security principles and an overall approach for complying with the principles that drive the system design.
Архитектура информационной безопасности - встроенная, неотъемлемая часть архитектуры предприятия, описывающая структуру и поведение процессов безопасности, систем информационной безопасности, персональных и организационных подразделений, с указанием их выравнивание с целью и стратегическими планами предприятия.
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Алгоритм цифровой подписи

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Алгоритм цифровой подписи
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bet | 101/111 | Sana | 20.05.2024 | Hajmi | 2,03 Mb. | | #246571 |
Алгоритм цифровой подписи - асимметричный алгоритм, используемый для цифровой подписи данных.
Raqamli imzo algoritmi - ma’lumotlarni raqamli imzolash uchun foydalaniluvchi asimetrik algoritm.
Digital signature algorithm – asymmetric algorithm used for digitally signing data.
Алгоритм шифрования RSA - алгоритм шифрования, предложенный в 1978 г. Р. Райвестом, А. Шамиром и Л. Адлеманом и предназначенный для построения шифрсистем асимметричных.
RSA shifrlash algoritmi – 1978 yili R. Rayvest, A Shamir va L.Adleman tomonidan taklif etilgan va asimetrik shifr tizimlarini qurishga mo’ljallangan shifrlash algoritmi.
RSA encryption algorithm - the encryption algorithm proposed in 1978 by R. Rivest, A. Shamir and L. Adleman and is designed to build asymmetric ciphers.
Анализ - изучение значимости полученных данных и доказательственной ценности к случаю.
Tahlil – olingan ma’lumotlarning muhimligi va vaziyat uchun isbotlanganlik qiymatini o’rganish.
Analysis – the examination of acquired data for its significance and probative value to the case.
Анализаторы сетевые (сниффер) - программы, осуществляющие
«прослушивание» трафика сетевого и автоматическое выделение из трафика сетевого имен пользователей, паролей, номеров кредитных карт, другой подобной информации.
Tarmoq tahlillagichlari (sniffer) – tarmoq trafigini “tinglash”ni va tarmoq trafigidan avtomatik tarzda foydalanuvchilar ismini, parollarni, kredit kartalar nomerini, shu kabi boshqa axborotni ajratib olishni amalga oshiruvchi dasturlar.
Network analyzers (sniffer) - programs that listen on network traffic and automatic allocation of network traffic usernames, passwords, credit card numbers, and other such information.
Антивирус - программа, обнаруживающая или обнаруживающая и удаляющая вирусы. Если вирус удалить не удается, то зараженная программа уничтожается. Eще - программа, предназначенная для защиты от вирусов, обнаружения зараженных программных модулей и системных областей, а также восстановления исходного состояния зараженных объектов.
Antivirus – viruslarni aniqlovchi yoki aniqlovchi va yo’q qiluvchi dastur. Agar virus yo’q qilinmasa, zaharlangan dastur yo’q qilinadi. Yana – viruslardan himoyalashga, zaxarlangan dasturiy modullar va tizimli makonlarni aniqlashga, hamda zaxarlangan obyektlarning dastlabki holatini tiklashga mo’ljallangan dastur.
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garage. 
Q8 - Customer satisfaction survey

TEST
THEATRE ROYAL PLYMOUTH
Booking form
Female:
Hello, Theatre Royal Plymouth.
Male:
Oh hello – I’d like to make a booking, please.
Female:
Yes. What is it you want to see?
Male:
Friday the 25th.
Female:
Right. And which day did you want to come?
Male: The
Impostor.
Example
Female:
Just a moment and I’ll check availability on the computer. Oh, sorry, we’re fully booked for
that performance.
Male:
Oh dear. What about the fol owing day then?
Female: The
26th?
Q1
Yes, that’s OK. We’ve got two performances on that day, one at 3.30 and
one at
7.
Q2
Which would you prefer?
Male:
Oh, the later one, please.
Female:
Are there any concessions, any children?
Male:
Well, there are four of us.
Female:
How many people?
Male:
I’m not sure. My daughters are 15 and 12. Do they get concessions?
Female:
Only the 12-year-od I’m afraid. So that’s one child and three adults. Any idea where you’d
like to sit? Stalls or circle?
Male: Er.
Female:
Tickets for the stalls are a bit more expensive – £12 for adults and £8.50 for children. The
circle costs £1050 and £6.50.
Male:
Do you get a good view from the
HOST FAMILY APPLICATION - Customer satisfaction survey

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Customer satisfaction surveyBog'liq Listening transcripts 230531 122425HOST FAMILY APPLICATION
ADVISER: Good morning, how can I help you?
STUDENT: Good morning. Umm, I understand you help fix up students with host families.
ADVISER: That’s right ... are you interested in ...?
STUDENT: Yes ...
ADVISER: Well please sit down and I’ll just take a few details.
STUDENT: Thank you.
ADVISER: Right now ... what name is it?
STUDENT: Jenny Chan.
ADVISER: Can you spell that please?
STUDENT: Yes ...
J-E-N-N-Y C-H-A-N.
Example
ADVISER: Right ... and what is your present address?
STUDENT: Sea View Guest House,
14 Hill Road.
Q1
ADVISER: OK, and do you know the phone number there?
STUDENT: Yes ... I have it here, ummm ... 2237676, but I’m only there after about 7 pm.
ADVISER: So when would be the best time to catch you?
STUDENT: I suppose
between 9 and, let me see, half-past,
Q2
before I leave for the college.
ADVISER: Great ... and can I ask you your age?
STUDENT: I’ve just had my nineteenth birthday.
ADVISER: And how long would you want to stay with the host family?
STUDENT: I’m planning on staying
a year
Q3
but at the moment I’m definitely here for four months
only. I have to get an extension to my permit.
ADVISER: You’re working on it? Fine ... and what will be your occupation while you’re in the UK?
STUDENT: Studying English?
ADVISER: And what would you say your level of English is?
STUDENT: Umm. Good, I think I’d like to say ‘advanced’ but my written work is below the level of my
spoken, so I suppose it’s
intermediate.
Q4
ADVISER: Certainly your spoken English is advanced. Anyway, which area do you think you would
prefer?
STUDENT: Ummm, well I’m studying right in the centre but I’d really like to live in
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the north-west - Customer satisfaction survey

STUDENT: I would prefer my own facilities - ‘en suite’, is that right? And also if it’s possible a TV and
I’d
also like the house to have
a real garden
Q7
rather than just a yard, somewhere I could
sit and be peaceful.
ADVISER: Is that all?
STUDENT: Well ... I’m really serious about improving my English so I’d
prefer to be
the only guest
Q8
if that’s possible?
ADVISER: No other guests ... Yes, you get more practice that way. Anyway, obviously
all this is partly
dependent on how much you’re willing to pay. What did you have in mind?
STUDENT: I was thinking in terms of about £60-£80 a week, but I’d go up to
a hundred
Q9
if it was
something special.
ADVISER: Well I don’t think we’d have any problems finding something for you.
STUDENT: Oh, good.
ADVISER: And when would you want it for?
STUDENT: I’d like to move in approximately two weeks.
ADVISER: Let me see, it’s the 10th today ... so if we go for the
Monday it’s the
23rd March.
STUDENT: Yes.
ADVISER: Right ... good, and if I could ask one last question ...
find ways to optimize rainfall

TEST
Organiser: Hello everyone. Thanks for volunteering to help with our conservation work in Eskdale Wood
next weekend. A big group like this means we can really achieve a lot.
Let’s start with the tasks we need to get done. I’m happy to say that since the last clean-up of the wood,
the litter hasn’t returned. So that’s one job we can forget about. But - because of the recent storm, there’s
been damage to some older trees.
A few big branches have come down and they’re blocking the
paths. We need volunteers to pull them off and pile them up somewhere else,
Q11
so they’re not in
the way. While you’re working, have a look at the bird boxes we placed in the wood last summer. We’re
sure that most of them have been used, so that was a job worth doing.
carrying visitors on their journey into the past

TEST
Tutor:
So, let’s hear what you’re doing for your next project.
Student:
I’ve decided to design a roof garden for a supermarket. I’ve been looking at some on the
web and I think that a garden on top of a building is the up-and-coming thing.
Tutor:
OK. So you’ve done a bit of reading already? What benefits would there be for the client?
Why do you think a supermarket chain would be willing to meet the expense of
construction? You do realize that would be the first thing they raise.
Q21
/
Q22
Student:
Yes, I know. But I’d explain that in spite of the initially high expense, they would save that
much in approximately five years. Well, I’d have to do sums, I mean calculate specifically…
Tutor:
Yes, how would the saving come about?
Student:
Mainly through lower heating and aircon bills. The extra insulation offered by having a layer
of living plants in the soil would make a huge difference.
Tutor: OK.
But they might feel the expense of maintenance would be an issue. After all,
supermarkets don’t normally employ gardeners

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supermarkets don’t normally employ gardeners Pdf ko'rish
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bet | 198/209 | Sana | 22.11.2023 | Hajmi | 1,11 Mb. | | #103463 |
Bog'liq Listening transcripts 230531 122425supermarkets don’t normally employ gardeners.
Q21
/
Q22
Student:
What I thought was, if they made it a community garden rather than a simple low-maintenance
green roof….
Tutor:
So there’d be public access?
Student:
Oh yes! Then there’d be a sense of ownership in the local community and people could
take responsibility for it, instead of the supermarket paying a commercial company, and It’d
really boost their public relations.
Tutor:
That’s a good point. And have you been looking into how rook gardens are built nowadays?
Student:
I’m still exploring that, but if take advantage of the latest technologies for roof gardens, it
shouldn’t be too difficult. But in any case, you have to use lightweight materials.
Tutor:
But that’s a matter of making the right choices. You can even use quite traditional ones such
as wood for the planting areas.
Student:
Yes, that’s what I thought. It’ll look good and it isn’t too heavy.
Tutor:
But the basic construction, the issue you have to address first is the material used between
the building and the garden.
Student:
You mean the barrier fabric, which ensures there’s no chance of rainwater leaking
down into the building?
Q23
/
Q24
Tutor:
Yes, nowadays that is very good, and quite easily sourced.
Student:
Then on the other hand, there’s the business of water within the roof garden itself.
Tutor:
You mean drainage? That’s an important feature of the construction in any roof design.
Student:
Yes, but I think most drainage issues have been well understood for quite a long time.
Tutor:
OK, but another thing is with plants in an exposed situation,
Q23
/
Q24
you usually need
to
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The storm has also blown down

TEST
Assignment plan
SUSIE:
So shall we plan what we have to do for this assignment?
LUKE: OK.
SUSIE:
First, we have to decide on our research question. So how about ‘Is there a relationship
between hours of sleep and number of dreams?’
LUKE:
OK. Then we need to think about who we’ll do they study on. About 12 people?
SUSIE:
Right. And shall we use other psychology students?
LUKE:
Let’s use people from a different department. What about history?
Q25
SUSIE:
Yes, they might have interesting dreams! Or literature students?
LUKE:
I don’t really know any.
SUSIE:
OK, forget that idea. Then we have to think about our methodology. So we could use
observation, but that doesn’t seem appropriate.
LUKE:
No. it needs to be self-reporting I think. And we could ask them to answer questions online.
SUSIE:
But in this case,