nyuuzyou/kompy huggingface dataset:
Mavzu: “ Media savodxonlikning maqsadi, mazmuni va mohiyati ” Tayyorladi: Sagdullaeva Durdona - bet 3

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Mavzu: “ Media savodxonlikning maqsadi, mazmuni va mohiyati ” Tayyorladi: Sagdullaeva Durdona
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bet | 3/4 | Sana | 30.11.2023 | Hajmi | 10,11 Kb. | | #108544 |
Bog'liq Madia savodxonlik Malika Bugungi kunda media axborotni qabul qilish, saralash, tahlil etish, baholashda media savodxonlik tushunchasi bilan birgalikda media ta’lim, mediani o‘rganish, media ma’daniyat tushunchalari ham qo‘llanilayotir. Ular bir-biridan farq qiladimi? Media ta’lim (media education):
– media o‘quv dasturida integrallashgan, fanlararo asosida o‘rganilishini;
– «mediamavzu»ni aniq bir fan doirasida tahlil etilishini; – amaliy ish va tahlil orqali mediaga tanqidiy yondashishni;
– uning shakli, texnologiyalari, axborotni uzatish usullarini o‘rganishni;
– media agentliklarni, ularning ijtimoiy, siyosiy va madaniy rolini o‘rganishni;
– talabaning OAV bilan ishlashini;
– tadqiqot faoliyatini;
– medianing til va san’at orqali auditoriyaga ta’sirini o‘rganadi.
Mediani o‘rganish (media studies) o‘z navbatida:
– mediani nazariy jihatdan o‘rganishni;
– mediani qiyosiy jihatdan tahlil etishni;
– uning kontseptual tarkibini;
– mediamatnni tahlil etish va uning yaratilish metodikasini;
– ommaviy kommunikatsiya, kinosan’ati va madaniyatshunoslik fanlarining o‘zaro bog‘liqligini;
– jahon OAVning bir-biriga o‘zaro ta’sirini o‘rganadi.
XULOSA
Ayni paytda media ta’lim asoslarini har bir ta’lim muassasasiga o‘quv dasturiga kiritish, bolalarga maktabgacha ta’lim jarayonida uning asoslarini interaktiv, turli o‘yinlar shaklida tushuntirish, o‘sib kelayotgan avlod tomonidan shiddatli axborot oqimida zarurini tanlash va unga tanqidiy yondoshgan holda baholay olish imkonini beradi. Bu esa o‘z navbatida yoshlarning kelajakdagi fuqarolik pozitsiyasini yanada mustahkamlanishiga, jahonda yuz berayotgan voqea-hodisalarni xolis baholab, to‘g‘ri qaror qabul qila olishiga asos bo‘ladi.
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-sinf uchun musiqa fanidan “Lahzada javob” o’yini savollari

4-sinf uchun musiqa fanidan “Lahzada javob” o’yini savollari
(IV chorak uchun)
Chorak mavzusi:Bahor fasli qo’shiqlari.
1. Qanday qo’shiqlar bahor qo’shiqlari deb aytiladi?
2. Bahor faslidagi qo’shiqlar necha guruhga bo’linadi?
3. Bahorda qanday marosim o’tkazilgan?
4.”Chitti gul”, “yomg’ir yog’aloq”, “laylak keldi” qo’shiqlari xalq qo’shiqlarining qaysi turiga kiradi?
5.”Bolsin deya el chaman, bog’imga gul ekaman” bu qaysi qo’shiqdan olingan?
6. “Gullar manim kulganim” qo’shig’ning bastakori kim?
7 Qaldirg’och, laylak, turna kabi qushlarga bag’ishlangan qo’shiqlar qanday qo’shiqlarga kiradi?
8. Boychechak, binafsha, lolaga bag’ishlangan qo’shiqlar qanday qo’shiqlarga kiradi?
9. Tinglagan qo’shiq nomini yozing? (“ Diyorimsan”qoshigining kuyi chalib ko’rsatiladi.)
10.Bahor elchisi hisoblangan qaysi qushga bag’ishlangan qoshiqlar bor?
11.Bahor elchisi hisoblangan qaysi gulag bag’ishlangan qoshiqlar bor? 12. Yoz boshlanishishini ifodolovchi qo’shiq qaysi ? 13. # Diyez belgisining vazifasi nima?
14. “Bulbulcham” qo’shig’ining bastakori kim?
15.Tovushlarni past-balandligini o’zgartiruvchi belgilar nima deb aytiladi?
16.Diyez belgisining vazifasi nima?
17. Bemol belgisining vazifasi nima?
18.Bekor belgisining vazifasi nima?
19.Tinglagan qo’shiq nomini yozing?
20. Ikkita harfdan iborat musiqa asbobi nomini yozing?
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-sinf uchun musiqa fanidan “Lahzada javob” o’yini savollari

3-sinf uchun musiqa fanidan “Lahzada javob” o’yini savollari
( I chorak uchun)
Chorak mavzusi:Musiqaning ifoda vositalari.
1. O’zbekiston madhiyasining bastakori kim?
2. O’zbekiston madhiyasining she’rini kim yozgan?
3. O’zbekiston madhiyasi qachon qabul qilingan?
4. “Diyor madhi” qo’shig’inibastakori kim?
5. R.Aabdullayev qachon tug’ilgan?
6. R.Aabdullayev qaysi viloyatda tug’ilgan?
7. Raqs nima?
8. Musiqaning ifoda fositalariga nima lar kiradi
9. Pauza nima?
10.”Salom maktab” qo’shig’ining bastakori kim?
11. 2 chorakli o’lchovda hechta kuchli, nechta kuchsiz hissa bor?
12. 3 chorakli o’lchovda hechta kuchli, nechta kuchsiz hissa bor?
13. Xorni kim boshqaradi?
14. Qaysi biri kuyiga kiradi?
15.Raqs kuylari qanday eshitiladi?
16. Tinglagan kuy qaysi turga kiradi? (“Andijon polkasi” chalib ko’rsatiladi.)
17. Tinglagan kuy nomini ayting. ? (“Feriza” kuyi chalib ko’rsatiladi.)
18. Ushbu tinglagan kuy bastakorinini kim? (“Feriza” kuyi chalib ko’rsatiladi.)
19. Kuy bastalovchi kim deb aytiladi?
20. Do-major ladining asosiy 3 tovushligi qaysi?
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Comprehension check - Topical News Lessons

© one
stopenglish.com 2002 4 This page can be photocopied.
Discussion
Which of these will be good for the future of the world?
• small farms
• pesticides and fertilisers
• multinational
food companies
• traditional farming methods
• GM foods
Working the land to feed the people
L E V E L O N E
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E L E M E N TA RY
stop
english.com 2004 | 
This page can be photocopied

© one
stop
english.com 2004 |
This page can be photocopied
.
Koreans succeed in cloning human embryos
Level 1 |
Elementary
2
Cloning is copying an animal or a human to
make another animal or human which is exactly
the same. Scientists take DNA from one egg and
put it into another egg. This then makes a copy
which is exactly the same as the first egg. The
first cloned animal
was a sheep but scientists
have also cloned mice, rats, rabbits, horses and
even a mule. Now, for the first time, they say
they have also cloned a human embryo, the
small egg that eventually becomes a baby.
South Korean and American scientists say they
have cloned human
embryos and taken cells
called stem cells from one of them. Stem cells
are very important in the development of an
unborn baby. They change a single fertilised
human egg into about 10 trillion cells during a
nine month pregnancy.
The Korean and US scientists used 242 eggs
from 16 women to clone 30 blastocysts. A
blatocyst is the tiny ball of cells that together
become an embryo. Then
the scientists took
the original DNA out of the egg, and replaced
it with chromosomes from an adult cell. "This
is not a human clone," said Donald Kennedy, a
leading biologist. This
research could lead to
treatments for long-term diseases such as
diabetes, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
American politicians do not allow US
government money to be used for stem cell
research. Dr Kennedy said he hoped that now
they would change their decision. But the
White House said
that President George Bush
is against stem cell research. Leon Kass,
chairman of the president's council on bioethics
said "The age of human cloning has arrived.
Today we have cloned blastocysts for medical
research, tomorrow we will have cloned
blastocysts for baby-making.".
Scientists have been working on cloning
research for many
years and hope that their
research will help to treat many different
diseases. Now that they have cloned stem cells,
they will have to find out how to change these
cells into human tissue. They will then be able
to use this tissue to treat diseases. In
the long
term, some scientists believe it could be
possible to grow complete human organs, such
as livers or kidneys.
Many people are against stem cell research
and cloning. They say that it will lead to human
cloning and cloned babies. The
first stages of
cloning for use in medical treatment and
cloning to produce a cloned baby are exactly
the same.
The Guardian Weekly 20-4-02, page 3
Koreans succeed in cloning human embryos
-sinf uchun musiqa fanidan “Lahzada javob” o’yini savollari

4-sinf uchun musiqa fanidan “Lahzada javob” o’yini savollari
( III chorak uchun)
Chorak mavzusi:Mavsum qo’shiqlari.
1.Yil oylari va fsillariga bag’shlangan qo’shiqlar nima deb aytiladi?
2.Bahorda qanday marosim o’tkaziladi?
3. Qish faslida qanday marosim o’tkaziladi?
4.Doston ijro etuvchi kim deb aytiladi?
5.Ramazon aytimlari qachon aytiladi?
6.Tinglagan qo’shiqning nomini belgilang?(“Biz askarmiz”qo’shig’i chalib ko’rsatiladi).
7. “Biz askarmiz”qo’shig’ini bastakori kim?
8. Biz askarmiz”qo’shig’i qanday sur’atda ijro etiladi?
9.Baxshilar qaysi sozda ijro etadi?
10.Tinglagan qo’shiq nomini yozing?(“Ona qo’llari”qo’shigining kuyi chalib ko’rsatiladi). ).
11. ”Ona qo’llari ” qo’shig’ning bastakori kim?
12.Xalq orasida ”Bayramlar fasli” deb aytiladigan fasl qaysi?
A) Qish; B) Yoz; S) Kuz; D) Bahor.
13. Navro’zga bag’ishlangan xalq kuylari qaysi?
14”Otmagay tong” ashulasini musiqasini kim yratgan?
15. Bahor elchisi hisoblangan gil qaysi?
16. Bahor elchisi hisoblangan qush qaysi?
17. Tinglagan ashula nomini yozing?”Diyorimsan” ashulasining kuyi chalib ko’rsatiladi).
18. “Diyorimsan” ashulasini musiqasini kim yaratgan?
19.Komiljon Jabborov qachon tug’ilgan va vafot etgan?
20. “Gullar manim kulganim” qo’shigini bastakori kim?
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Tizim yoki ayrim bo‘g‘inlarning statik xarakteristikasini quyidagicha ifodalash mumkin

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Tizim yoki ayrim bo‘g‘inlarning statik xarakteristikasini quyidagicha ifodalash mumkin
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bet | 2/2 | Sana | 25.06.2024 | Hajmi | 7,39 Kb. | | #265542 |
Bog'liq Statik va dinamik modellar-fayllar.orgTizim yoki ayrim bo‘g‘inlarning statik xarakteristikasini quyidagicha ifodalash mumkin:
Tizim yoki ayrim bo‘g‘inlarning statik xarakteristikasini quyidagicha ifodalash mumkin:
bu erda, u - chiqish kattaligi; x - kirish kattaligi. Agar tizimga kirgan bo‘g‘inlarning barcha xarakteristikalari chiziqli bo‘lsa, umumiy xarakteristikasi ham chiziqli bo‘ladi. Birgina bo‘g‘inning xarakteristikasi chiziqli bo‘lmagan bo‘lib koladi.
Bo‘g‘inlarning parallel ulanishida (7.3-rasm, b) bo‘g‘inlarning kirish kattaligi umumiy bo‘lib, chiqish kattaliklari o‘zaro algebraik qo‘shiladi. Demak, bo‘g‘inlari parallel qo‘shilgan tizimning statik xarakteristikasi tegishli ordinatalar statik xarakteristikalarining jamlanishidan aniqlanadi. Avtomatik rostlash tizimlarining tavsiflarin chiziqlantirish
Amaldagi element va tizimlarning matematik modeli, ko‘pincha, chiziqli bo‘lmagan tenglamalar bilan tavsiflanadi, ularning tahlili esa ko‘p qiyinchiliklar tug‘diradi. SHuning uchun, hisoblashlarda chiziqli bo‘lmagan matematik modellar chiziqli modellar bilan almashtiriladi. Aniqlik bir oz yo‘qolishiga qaramay, chiziqli modellar sodda va mukammal usullar bo‘yicha tahlil qilishga imkon beradi. CHiziqli bo‘lmagan matematik modellarni chiziqli modelga taqribiy almashtirish operatsiyasi to‘g‘ri chiziqqa keltirish deyiladi. Agar ravon o‘zgarayotgan egri chiziq shaklidagi grafik statik xarakteristika mavjud bo‘lsa, grafik to‘g‘ri chiziqqa keltirish usulidan foydalanish mumkin. Buning mohiyati statik xarakteristikaning ish tarmog‘ini ob’ektning berilgan ish rejimi nuqtasidagi boshlang‘ich statik xarakteristikasiga urinma to‘g‘ri chiziq bilan almashtirishdan iborat. Grafik to‘g‘ri chiziqqa keltirish jarayoni 7.4 rasmda ko‘rsatilgan.
G rafik to‘g‘ri chiziqqa keltirishdan tashqari chiziqli bo‘lmagan bog‘lanishlarni to‘g‘ri chiziqqa keltirish usuli, ya’ni funksiyani Teylor qatoriga kirish signalining kichik orttirmalari bo‘yicha yoyish usuli mavjud. Avtomatik rostlash tizimi uchun rostlanuvchi kattalikka nisbatan chiziqli bo‘lmagan defferensial tenglama o‘rinlidir. Uning umumiy ko‘rinishi quyidagicha:
http://fayllar.org
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Sifatni boshqarishning yapon maktabi va uning asosiy jihatlari

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Sifatni boshqarishning yapon maktabi va uning asosiy jihatlari
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bet | 16/102 | Sana | 14.12.2023 | Hajmi | 1,19 Mb. | | #118418 |
Bog'liq Ma\'ruza 1 24. Sifatni boshqarishning yapon maktabi va uning asosiy jihatlari.
Yaponiyaning sifatni boshqarish tajribasi ishning sifatini oshirish hech qachon tugamasligini ko‘rsatadi. 1945-yilda Yaponiya vayron bo lgan, sanoati to‘liq ishdan chiqqan edi. Shuningdek, o‘sha davrda Yaponiyaning texnikasi qoloq holatda bo‘lgan. Zamonaviy radiotexnikada katta ahamiyatga ega bo’lgan Yaponiyada ishlab chiqarilgan kuchaytirgichlar uchun kichik chastotali transformator 250 gramm og‘irlikda edi. Ayni vaqtda AQSH da bu apparatning
konstruksiyasining vazni atigi 30 gramm bo‘lgan.
Suv bilan to ‘yintirilgan Yaponiya transformatori 15 daqiqada ishdan chiqardi, Amerikaniki esa germetik qoplama bilan to‘liq o'ralgan va suv o'tkazmaydi.
Biroq 40-yillarning oxiri — 50-yillarning boshida sifatni boshqarish
bo‘yicha Amerikaning E. Deming va J. Juran kabi mashhur olimlari sabog‘ini
olgan yapon mutaxassislari bu bilimlardan Yaponiya sanoatida muvaffaqiyatli
foydalana boshladilar.
Deming davri tatbiq qilindi. U mahsulotni loyihalash, ishlab chiqarish,
sotish, tahlil qilish va sifat darajasini oshirish uchun o‘zgarishlar — PDCA
sikli ≪rejalashtirish — bajarish — tekshirish — tuzatish ta’sirlari≫ (≪plan — do
— check — action≫)ni bog‘lagan.
Texnologik jarayonni boshqarish uchun nazorat kartalari faol qo‘llanilgan. Deming nomidagi mukofot uning kitoblari, ma’ruzalari topshiriladigan mualliflik mukofoti sifatida ta ’sis qilingan. Deming oltin medali alohida shaxs yoki korxona uchun 1951-yildan boshlab berib kelinmoqda. Bularning hammasi sifatni boshqarishdan rahbariyatning quroli sifatida foydalanishni ta ’minladi. Yaponiyaning ilg'or firmalarida sifatni tizimli boshqarishning tamoyillari va kompleks yondashuvi bosqichma-bosqich tatbiq qilingan. Shunga o'xshash firmalaming tajribasi chuqur o ‘rganilmoqda, tahlil qilinyapti, ular AQSH va G ‘arbiy Yevropa davlatlaridagi holat bilan taqqoslanmoqda. Sifatni boshqarishga Yaponiyaning yondashuvi bir qator o ‘ziga xos xususiyatlarga ega, biroq qiyosiy tahlil uning nazariy qoidalari jahon tajribasi bilan umumiy xususiyatga egaligini ko‘rsatmoqda. Bu konsepsiya to'liq va to‘g‘ri tatbiq qilingan ilg'or xorijiy firmalarning sifatni boshqarish tizimlari bir-biriga o'xshash, ularni qoMlash va rivojlantirish mexanizmlarida ham
umumiylik mavjud.
Sifatni boshqarishga Yaponiya yondashuvining o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari:
1) barcha bolinmalarda mehnat jarayonlari va natijalarini doimiy takomillashtirish;
2) mahsulotning sifatini emas, balki jarayonlaming sifatini nazorat qilish;
3) nuqsonlarga yo‘l qo'yLlish ehtimolini bartaraf qilish;
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Informatika 9-sinf 2-variant

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Informatika 9-sinf 2-variant
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Sana | 24.09.2020 | Hajmi | 25,61 Kb. | | #11602 |
INFORMATIKA 9-SINF 2-VARIANT
1.Informatika uchun asosiy ashyo
A) Avtomatika B) Ma’lumot C) Axborot D) Bilim
2.Elektron pochtada qanday belgi isgtirok etadi
A) § B)@ C) a va b to’g’ri D) hammasi to’g’ri
3.Dastlabki eng sodda suniy hisoblash asbobi.
A) Birka B) Neper tayoqchalari C) Abak D) Logarifmik lineyka
4.Elektron hisoblash mashinalari davriga asos solgan EHM nomi
A) EDSAK B) BINAK C) UNIVAK D) ENIAK
5. Registr nimadan dan tashkil topadi:
A) triggerlardan B) kontrollerlardan C) shinalardan D) slotlardan
6.Hisob – kitob ishlari va ma’lumotlarni jadval ko`rinishida tasvirlash uchun quyidagi dasturlardan qaysinisi qo’llaniladi?
A) Matn muharriri B)Grafik muharrir C) Elektron jadval D)Ma’lumotlar ombori
7 .Elektron hisoblash mashinalarining ikkinchi avlodi qaysi davrga to‘g‘ri keladi?
A) 1945-1950 yillar B) 1942-1947 yillar C) 1950-1965 yillar D) 1960-1970 yillar
8. A=Rost; B=1012=510; D=3,3; E=4,3; bo`lsa, A(D>D)AB7A7(D>D) amalini bajaring.
A) Yechimi yo`q B) Xato berilgan C) Rost D) Yolg`on.
9.Algoritmlarning qaysi usuli ko’rgazmali hisoblanadi ?
A) Matnli B) Dasturli D) Blok-sxemali D) So’zlar orqali
10. Matnlarni ajratish qanday bo’ladi?
A)
B) C) D)
11.Gorizontal chiziq qanday bo’ladi?
A)
B) C) D)
12.Abzasni satrning o’rtasida joylashtirishni aniqlang?
A) <
B)
C)
D)
13.Ko’rsatilgan misolda nechta o`zgaruvchi miqdor bor? A; 12; C34; “Toshkent”
A) 1 ta B) 2 ta C) 3 ta D) 4 ta
14.Qo’zg`aluvchi nuqtali o`zgarmas sonni ko`rsating ?
A) 7 B) –3215 C) “informatika” D) 2.5E3
15. Qaysi javobda Paskal tilida miqdor turlari to`g`ri ko`rsatilgan ?
A) O`zgarmas, o`zgaruvchi, operator B) O`zgarmas, jadval, dastur
C) O`zgaruvchi, jadval, dasturchi D)O`zgarmas, o`zgaruvchi, jadval
16. EXCELda hujjatni alifbo bo`yicha saralash uskunalar majmuasining qaysi birida to`g`ri ko`rsatilgan?
A)A 1 B) C) D)
17.Bitta xonadagi kompyuterlar o’zaro qanday tarmoq orqali bog’lanadi?
A) Lokal B) global C) internet D) to’g’ri javob yo’q
18.WWWda axborot qaerda joylashadi?
19.Agar C massiv ARRAY(-5..100) kabi tavsiflangan bo`lsa, uning elementlar soni nechta bo`lishi mumkin?
20.Paskal dasturlash tili qachon kimlar tomonidan yaratilgan ?
21.Save menyusining vazifasi?
22. Circle( 300,200, 150) da x ning qiymati nechaga teng?
23. “Ko’potar miltiq” nomiga ega bo`lgan qurilmaning nomini toping?
24. A=’informatika” bo’lsa, n=Length(A) operatori bajarilganda n ning qiymatini toping.
25. 2410+101012 hisoblang, natijani 16 lik sanoq sistemasida ifodalang.
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Vazirligi nizomiy nomidagi toshkent davlat pedagogika universiteti “Himoyaga ruxsat etilsin” Magistratura bo‘limi boshlig‘i D. A. Mamatqulov

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Vazirligi nizomiy nomidagi toshkent davlat pedagogika universiteti “Himoyaga ruxsat etilsin” Magistratura bo‘limi boshlig‘i D. A. Mamatqulov
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bet | 1/28 | Sana | 03.12.2023 | Hajmi | 1,13 Mb. | | #110513 |
Bog'liq Vazirligi nizomiy nomidagi toshkent davlat pedagogika universite (1)
O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY VA O‘RTA MAXSUS TA’LIM VAZIRLIGI
NIZOMIY NOMIDAGI TOShKENT DAVLAT PEDAGOGIKA UNIVERSITETI
“Himoyaga ruxsat etilsin”
Magistratura bo‘limi boshlig‘i
D.A.Mamatqulov_________
“___”__________2022 yil.
Mutaxassisligi: 5A110904 – Testologiya va pedagogik o‘lchovlarni baholash
UMUMTA’LIM MAKTABLARINI TA’LIM SIFATINI BOShQARISh
mavzusidagi magistrlik dissertatsiyasi
“Himoyaga tavsiya etilsin”
Ijtimoiy pedagogika kafedrasi mudiri:
_____________F.O.Mirzayeva
“___”____________2021 yil.
Ilmiy rahbar:________ p.f.n., dots. A.Sh.Muxsiyeva
Magistrant: M.A.Yakubova
TOShKENT – 2022
MUNDARIJA
KIRISh............................................................................................................3
I-BOB. UMUMIY O‘RTA TA'LIM MAKTABLARIDA TA’LIM SIFATINI BOShQARIShNING NAZARIY ASPEKTLARI
1.1-§ Umumiy o‘rta ta'lim maktablarida ta'lim sifatini boshqarish – dolzarb pedagogik muammo sifatida……………………....……….................................. 10
1.2-§ Ta'lim sifatini boshqarish yuzasidan xalqaro tajribalar tahlili.............18
Birinchi bob bo‘yicha xulosalar................................................................... 28
II-BOB. UMUMIY O‘RTA TA'LIM MAKTABLARIDA – TA'LIM SIFATINI BOShQARISh YO‘LLARI
2.1-§. Ta'lim sifatini boshqarishda interfaol metodlar va ulardan foydalanish............................................................................................................. 30
2.2-§. Ta'lim sifati raqobatbardoshlik darajasini belgilovchi omillar......... 42
Ikkinchi bob yuzasidan xulosalar.................................................................. 53
III BOB. UMUMIY O‘RTA TA'LIM MAKTABLARIDA – TA'LIM SIFATINI BOShQARISh SAMARADORLIGI
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Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
Vazirligi nizomiy nomidagi toshkent davlat pedagogika universiteti “Himoyaga ruxsat etilsin” Magistratura bo‘limi boshlig‘i D. A. Mamatqulov
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1 Laboratoriya ishi Mantiqiy modulga ega elektr pnevmatik sxemani loyihalash Ishning maqsadi

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1 Laboratoriya ishi Mantiqiy modulga ega elektr pnevmatik sxemani loyihalash Ishning maqsadi
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bet | 1/6 | Sana | 29.01.2024 | Hajmi | 3,23 Mb. | | #147962 |
Bog'liq ATV laboratoriya ishi 2-3
№1 Laboratoriya ishi
Mantiqiy modulga ega elektr pnevmatik sxemani loyihalash
Ishning maqsadi: Taqsimlagich solenoidiga boshqaruv signallari mantiqiy moduldan keladigan pnevmoelektrik sxemani loyihalash. Bunday holda, mantiqiy modulga quyidagi algoritm amalga oshirilishi kerak: agar qulflangan ikkita ochiq tugma bosilsa, pnevmatik silindrli shtoki cho'ziladi va yakuniy holatga yetib, tugmalardan biri yoki ikkala tugma bo'lgunga qadar u erda qoladi. ozod qilingan. Har ikki yo'nalishda pnevmatik silindrli sterjen harakat tezligini tartibga solish funksiyasi ham amalga oshirilishi kerak. Bunga qo'shimcha ravishda, pnevmatik silindrning porshin va shtok bo'shliqlaridagi bosim qiymatining vizualizatsiyasini ta'minlash kerak.
Pnevmatik sxema tuzilishi
Pnevmatik chastota sxemasi quyidagi elementlarni o'z ichiga oladi:
Ikki bosqichli silindr.
5/2-elektromagnit taqsimlagich orqali boshqaruvni nazorat qilish va qaytarish (va qo'lda bekor qilish).
Teskari rostlagichli ikkita drossel.
Ikki manometr.
Kompressor 6 bar.
Pnevmatik sxemani loyihalash uchun biz elementlar kutubxonasidan yuqoridagi elementlarni tanlaymiz va ularni FluidSIM dasturiy paketining ish stoliga joylashtiramiz. Keyin pnevmatik taqsimlagichni sozlashni 1-misolda bajarilgan sozlash bilan bir xil tarzda bajaramiz. Ammo 1-misoldan farqli o'laroq, ikkita kanal atmosfera bilan bog'liq: 3 va 5.
Shundan so'ng, 1-misolda tasvirlangan pnevmatik elementlarni ulash usulidan foydalanib, biz tanlangan elementlarni quyidagicha ulaymiz: kompressorni 5/2 taqsimlagichning 1-kanaliga ulaymiz. Biz nazorat rostlagichi bilan taqsimlagichning 2-kanaliga ulaymiz, bu esa o'z navbatida pnevmatik silindrning sterjen uchiga ulanadi. Biz nazorat rostlagichi bilan 4-kanalga ulaymiz, uni pnevmatik silindrning porshin bo`sh qismiga ulaymiz. Bunday holda, biz nazorat rostlagichi bilan shunday bog'laymizki, taqsimlagichdan silindrga siqilgan havo nazorat rostlagichi orqali o'tadi va silindrdan atmosferaga havo sozlanishi rostlagichi orqali o'tadi. Bu sterjen tezligini nazorat qilish uchun kerak.
Biz bosim o'lchagichlarni silindrlarning porshin va sterjen joylarining chiqish joylaridan nazorat rostlagichlari bilan ishlaydigan chiziqlarga ulaymiz. Natijada, biz rasmda ko'rsatilgan pnevmatik sxemani olamiz. 2.1.
Rasm. 2.1 - Pnevmatik sxema
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www. onerail. com - 1-mavzu: Sifat tushunchasining mohiyati, sifat sohasidagi asosiy tushunchalar. Fanning predmeti,...

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1-mavzu: Sifat tushunchasining mohiyati, sifat sohasidagi asosiy tushunchalar. Fanning predmeti, maqsadi va vazifalari Reja
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Bog'liq Ma\'ruza 1 2www. onerail. com. 2001 yil martida Internetdan foydalanuvchilar temiryo’l biletlarini bronlashtirish bo’yicha yirik portalga kirish imkoniga ega bo’ladilar. Bu tizimda yer yuzining deyarli barcha burchaklaridan 250 mln. marshrut taqdim etilgan, onlayn rejimida ularning istalganiga bronlashtirish mumkin. Bronlashtirish rasmiylashtirilganidan so’ng tizim elektron tasdiq beradi. Turist uni elektron biletlar sotiladigan kioskalarda yoki kassalarda temiryo’l biletiga almashtirishi lozim. «Onerail» turagentliklar uchun juda foydali hamkorlik shartlarini taqdim etadi. Ular har oyda o’tkazilgan har bir bronlashtirish uchun komission mukofat olish imkoniyatiga ega. Kompaniya yetakchi GDSlar bilan faol hamkorlik qilmoqda: “Amadeus”, “Sabre”, “Worldspan” va “Galileo” shular jumlasidandir. Natijada foydalanuvchilari «Onerail» resurslariga kirish imkoniga ega bo’ldilar.
www. eventclieks. com. Osiyo-Tinch okeani mintaqasida insentiv – turizm va kongressli – ko’rgazmada doimiy oshib borayotgan talabga peshvoz chiqib, Gonkong Internet – kompaniyasi “E-kong Group” 2000 yil iyunda www. eventclicks.com. saytini ochdi. U to’liq Osiyoda turizmga bag’ishlangan. Mazkur saytda mehmonxonalar o’zining kongresli va insentiv imkoniyatlari haqida bepul axborotlar joylashtiradi. Komissiya esa uning egasi foydasiga mijozlarning bronlashtirgan summasidan ushlab qoladi, xolos. Tizimida barcha otellar teng holatda, negaki bu yerda ko’rsatiladigan xizmatlarga narxlar e’lon qilinmaydi. Demak, mijoz ma’qul varitantni tanlab, www eventelicks. com. komandasini so’raydi, u uning mehmonxona bilan kelgusi diologini ta’minlaydi.
www. lastminute.com. Bu saytning nomini o’zi aytib turibdi, chunki u birinchi navbatda turlar va biletlarni bunday aytganda «oxirgi minutda» yoki «yonib borayotgan» lahzalarda sotish uchun tashkil etilgan. Ayrim baholarga ko’ra, bugungi kunda www. lastminute.com. Yevropada birinchi raqam turistik saytga aylangan ko’p sonli obunachilari va xizmatlar yetkazib beruvchi «Luftganza» aviakompanisidan Angliya milliy biletigacha ega. U mutlaqo mustaqil va barcha yetkazib beruvchilarga resurslar haqida axborotlar taqdim etadi. Ushbu sayt sharofati bilan Buyukbritaniyada birinchi marta tashkil etilgan joyda shunchalik mashhurki, egalari Frantsiyada, Shvetsiyada, Germaniyada va nihoyat Avstraliyada va JARda uning lokal versiyalarini ochishga shoshildilar. Shuning uchun mazkur kontseptsiya Rossiyada ham davomini topganiga ajablanmasa bo’ladi – bu mamlakatda «kuyayotgan putyovkalar magazini» ishlab turibdi.
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Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
1-mavzu: Sifat tushunchasining mohiyati, sifat sohasidagi asosiy tushunchalar. Fanning predmeti, maqsadi va vazifalari Reja
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Match the beginnings and endings of the sentences

Match the beginnings and endings of the sentences. 1. Some scientists are worried because …
2. They copied the virus because …
3. Some scientists believe a pandemic will not happen because …
4. Scientists copied the Spanish flu virus …
5. The 1918 flu pandemic …
6. Bird flu …
a. … they wanted to find out why it was so lethal.
b. … by using material from the lungs of people who died from the virus.
c. … started with bird flu.
d. … the Spanish flu virus might escape from the laboratory.
e. … might pass from birds to humans.
f. … most people are naturally immune.
Fill the gaps using prepositions. Check your answers in the text. 1. escape _______
2. inject _______
3. worried _______
4. information _______
5. die _______
6. mix _______
7. protect _______
8. different _______
Mavzu № 19. Mijozlarga xizmat ko'rsatish tizimida navbatni rejalashtirish va boshqarish

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Mavzu № 19. Mijozlarga xizmat ko'rsatish tizimida navbatni rejalashtirish va boshqarish
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Bog'liq Ma\'ruza 1 2Mavzu № 19. Mijozlarga xizmat ko'rsatish tizimida navbatni rejalashtirish va boshqarish
Reja:
1. Xizmat ko'rsatish tizimida navbatni boshqarish va rejalashtirish
2. Mehmonxona imkoniyatlarini rejalashtirishda navbatning ahamiyati
3. Xizmat kanallari soni
Kalit so'zlar va iboralar:
navbatni rejalashtirish va boshqarish, amal qilish algoritmi, elektron navbat,
Korxonada joriy etilgan navbatni boshqarish tizimi tashrif buyuruvchilar qabul qilingan har qanday tashkilotning ishini optimallashtiradi. Bunday korxonalar, masalan, pensiya jamg'armalari, davlat tashkilotlari, banklarning operatsion xonalari, tibbiy klinikalar, sug'urta kompaniyalarining to'lov markazlari, viza markazlari. Elektron navbat kabi jihozlar nafaqat tashrif buyuruvchilarga samarali xizmat ko'rsatishga yordam beradi, balki "jonli" oqimni pasaytirish, kutish uchun yanada qulay sharoitlar yaratish orqali tashkilot imijini yaxshilaydi. Navbatni boshqarish tizimining mavjudligi sizning mijozlaringizning vaqtlari va asablarini qadrlashingizni va natijada ularning sodiqligi kompaniya uchun tijorat foydasiga aylanishini anglatadi.
Yuqori sifatli elektron navbat kompaniya rahbariyatiga xizmat ko'rsatiladigan mijozlar soni, taqdim etilayotgan xizmatlar sifati va xodimlarning ish haqi to'g'risida to'liq ma'lumot beradi, bu esa ishni to'g'ri rejalashtirish va xodimlarning ishtiyoqini rag'batlantirishga imkon beradi.
Ishlash algoritmi
Zamonaviy navbatni boshqarish tizimi bu apparat va dasturiy ta'minotni o'z ichiga olgan apparat-dasturiy echimdir. Uskunalar quyidagicha bo'lishi mumkin: ro'yxatga olish punkti (odatda sensorli ekranli kiosk), ma'lumot kartasi va har bir operator oynasi uchun mini-karta.
Neotek elektron navbati juda sodda va ulardan foydalanish oson. Xizmat ko'rsatish xonasiga kirib, mijoz ro'yxatdan o'tish joyida kerakli xizmatni tanlaydi, elektron navbat raqami bilan chipta oladi va kutish zonasiga kiradi.
Ozod qilingan operator mijozni chaqirish tugmachasini bosadi va bortda mijoz chaqiriladigan oynaning tartib va raqami ko'rsatiladi. Shu bilan birga, bortdagi xabar ovozli qo'ng'iroq bilan takrorlanadi. Mijoz bilan ishlashni tugatgandan so'ng, operator keyingi raqamga qo'ng'iroq qiladi va kutish zonasida o'rnatilgan bortda mijozning keyingi qo'ng'irog'i haqida xabar paydo bo'ladi.
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-mavzu: Sifatni boshqarish ilmiy maktablari shakllanishi va rivojlanishi

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-mavzu: Sifatni boshqarish ilmiy maktablari shakllanishi va rivojlanishi
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bet | 12/102 | Sana | 14.12.2023 | Hajmi | 1,19 Mb. | | #118418 |
Bog'liq Ma\'ruza 1 23-mavzu: Sifatni boshqarish ilmiy maktablari shakllanishi va rivojlanishi
Reja:
1. Sifatni boshqarish ilmiy asoslarining vujudga kelishi .
2. Sifatni boshqarish nazariyasi va amaliyoti rivojlanishida vatanimiz va sobiq ittifoq olimlarining qo`shgan hissasi.
3. Sifatni boshqarishning AQSH maktabi shakllanishi va rivojlanishi.
4. Sifatni boshqarishning yapon maktabi va uning asosiy jihatlari.
Sifat menejmenti tizimini joriy etish tashkilot faoliyatining barcha jabhalariga ta'sir qiladi. Hujjatlangan sifat menejmenti tizimining afzalliklari quyidagilarni o'z ichiga oladi:
Tashkilotga ishonchni oshirishga yordam beradigan mijozning talablarini qondirish, o'z navbatida ko'proq mijozlarga, ko'proq sotuvlarga va takroriy biznesga olib keladi
Tashkilot talablarini qondirish, bu me'yoriy hujjatlarga rioya qilishni va mahsulot va xizmatlarni taqdim etishni eng tejamkor va resursli usulda ta'minlab, kengayish, o'sish va foyda olish uchun joy yaratadi.
Ushbu imtiyozlar qo'shimcha afzalliklarga ega, jumladan:
Jarayonlarni aniqlash, takomillashtirish va boshqarish
Chiqindilarni kamaytirish
Xatolarning oldini olish
Xarajatlarni pasaytirish
Trening imkoniyatlarini osonlashtirish va aniqlash
Xodimlarni jalb qilish
Butun tashkilot yo'nalishini belgilash
Doimiy natijalarni berishga tayyorligini etkazish
SMSning elementlari va talablari
Sifat menejmenti tizimining har bir elementi mijozlar va tashkilot talablarini qondirishning umumiy maqsadlariga erishishga yordam beradi. Sifat menejmenti tizimlari tashkilotning o'ziga xos ehtiyojlarini qondirishi kerak; ammo, barcha tizimlarning umumiy elementlariga quyidagilar kiradi:
Tashkilotning sifat siyosati va sifat maqsadlari
Sifat bo'yicha qo'llanma
Jarayonlar, ko'rsatmalar va yozuvlar
Ma'lumotlarni boshqarish
Ichki jarayonlar
Mahsulot sifatidan mijozlar ehtiyojini qondirish
Yaxshilash imkoniyatlari
Sifat tahlili
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Web –sayt xususiyatlari - 1-mavzu: Sifat tushunchasining mohiyati, sifat sohasidagi asosiy tushunchalar. Fanning...

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1-mavzu: Sifat tushunchasining mohiyati, sifat sohasidagi asosiy tushunchalar. Fanning predmeti, maqsadi va vazifalari Reja
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Bog'liq Ma\'ruza 1 2Web –sayt xususiyatlari. Internet - foydalanuvchidan yuksak darajada ma’suliyat talab etuvchi vosita hisoblanadi. Agar Web –saytda aniq tuzilma (struktura) yetishmasa, xavf paydo bo’ladi, tashrif buyuruvchi esankirab qoladi va uni tark etadi. Shuning uchun Web –sayt biz aytib o’tganimizdek, foydalanishda qulay va tushunarli bo’lishi kerak. Buning uchun u ma’lum xususiyatlarga ega bo’lishi lozim. Barcha muvaffaqiyatli saytlar u yoki bu darajada ana shunday xususiyatlarga ega:
har bir sahifada uy sahifasiga tayanilish o’tkaziladi. Bu ichki aloqa va ko’p sahifaga ega katta saytlar uchun ayniqsa muhim. Har bir sahifasiga tayanish foydalanuvchiga boshlang’ich nuqtaga qaytish imkonini beradi, agar u istasa saytning boshqa bo’limidan axborot olishi mumkin;
saytning asosiy bo’limlari ruyxati har bir sahifada mavjud. Bu uy sahifasiga tayanilgandan keyin navbatdagi qadam, u foydalanuvchiga ko’p vaqtni tejashga yordam beradi. Foydalanuvchi bo’limlar ruyxatidan foydalanib, har safar boshlang’ich nuqtaga qaytib yurmasdan, darhol kerakli bo’limga tushadi. Bunday xizmatni kiritilishi saytdan foydalanishni juda yengillashtiradi;
qidiruv vositasining mavjudligi va vaqtni tejaydi, foydalanuvchiga kerakli so’zlarni topish imkonini beradi va unda Web –saytda kerakli axborot borligiga ishonch hosil qildiradi. Bu foydalanuvchi spetsifik axborot izlaganida yana ham maqsadga muvofiq;
bir necha tillardan foydalanish. Web –saytga ular uchun ingliz tili ona tili bo’lmagan tobora ko’proq odmlar murojaat qilmoqda. Shuning uchun, sayt sahifalarida uch-to’rt tilda o’qish imkoniyatiga ega bo’lishi juda muhim.
Ko’p sonli Web –saytlarni o’rganish natijasida saytlar mazmunning quyidagi mezonlarini taklif etish mumkin:
uy sahifalari ko’proq axborotlar bilan to’ldirilgan va tashqi ko’rinishidan diqqatni tortadigan bo’lishi kerak. U sayt mazmunida ko’rsatilishi va turistik markazlarning ijobiy tomonlarini shakllantirishi zarur;
sayt sahifalari tartibli saqlanishi lozim, axborotlar esa muntazam yangilanadi;
sayt sahifalari strukturasi oddiy va tushunarli bo’lishiga e’tibor berish kerak, axborotlar esa qiziqarli va olish uchun qulay bo’lsin;
foydalanuvchi saytda o’zi uchun kerakli axborotni topishga ishonch hosil qilishi va uni oson topishi uchun shart-sharoit yaratilgan bo’lishi zarur; agar sayt barcha zarur axborotlarga ega bo’lmasa, u boshqa tegishli saytlarga tayanishi kerak;
saytlar imkoniyat darajasida interfaol bo’lmog’i lozim.
saytlar navigatsiya va axborotlar qidirish (masalan, indekslar samarali tizimi, har bir sayt sahifadan uy sahifasiga bevosita chiqish, qidiruv tizimi, elektron pochta, fotogoleriya) tizimiga kirish imkoniyatiga ega bo’lishi lozim.
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Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
1-mavzu: Sifat tushunchasining mohiyati, sifat sohasidagi asosiy tushunchalar. Fanning predmeti, maqsadi va vazifalari Reja
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stop
english.com 2002 | 
This page can be photocopied

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stop
english.com 2002 |
This page can be photocopiedBog'liq 1,2 - THE GUARDIAN WEEKLY Elementarystop
english.com 2002 |
This page can be photocopied
.
‘Old’ Europe reuniting East with West
Level 1 |
Elementary
1
1
Pre-reading | Key Vocabulary
Match the words with their meanings
1.
a crisis
a.
to take the place of something
2.
to criticise
b.
to write to ask for something
3.
an effect
c.
a time of great danger or difficulty
4.
to apply
d.
to make something bigger
5.
a warning
e
. an agreement between countries
6.
to replace
f.
to say that somebody is wrong or bad
7.
to enlarge
g.
saying that something bad will happen
8.
a treaty
h.
a change that happens because of something
2
Who’s Who
Fill the gaps using the words in the list
European
foreign
president
defence
minister
the USA
1.
Jacques Chirac is the _______________________________________ of France.
2.
George Bush is the president of _______________________________________ .
3
.
Donald Rumsfeld is the US _______________________________________ secretary.
4
.
Romano Prodi is the president of the _______________________________________ Commission.
5
.
Bronislaw Gemerk is the former Polish _______________________________________ minister.
6
.
Adrian Nastase is the Romanian prime _______________________________________ .
Now read the text and check your answers:
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• - Topical News Lessons

© one
stop
english.com 2002 |
This page can be photocopied
.
‘America wants war with all of us’
Level 1 |
Elementary
3
Put these 10 words into 5 pairs with opposite meanings:
good
friendly
love
war
better
hate
evil
unfriendly
worse
peace
Complete the table. Use the text to help you.
Adjective
Noun
1
•
independent
____________
2
•
____________
economy
3
•
____________
friend
4
•
____________
foreigner
5
•
____________
culture
6
•
dangerous
____________
Decide whether these sentences are True or False (according to the article):
‘America wants war with all of us’

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‘America wants war with all of us’ Pdf ko'rish
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Bog'liq 1,2 - THE GUARDIAN WEEKLY Elementary‘America wants war with all of us’
Level 1 |
Elementary
© one
stop
english.com 2002 |
This page can be photocopied
.
2
Muhammad Said is a journalist from
al-Ahram, the best-known newspaper
in Egypt. He believes that 90% of the
problem comes from the Arab-Israeli
conflict, which reminds Arabs that in
the past they were colonies. Arabs
think that the US only acts in favour of
Israel. So the Arab world, says Said, is
now in danger of “direct or indirect
colonialism”.
This kind of neo-colonialism means
that the US will try to change the
governments of countries they think
are unfriendly to the US. The US will
force “friendly” countries to introduce
reforms. The plan, says Said, is to
solve” the Palestinian question by war
and the Arabs as a national group will
suffer. After they have removed
Saddam Hussein, the Americans want
to make Iraq the centre of a new pro-
American geo-political region.
Other countries will then have to do
what the Americans tell them to do or
they will suffer the same fate as Iraq.
This will happen to unfriendly
countries such as Syria, or traditional
friends, such as Saudi Arabia.
If Arabs believed that the Americans
wanted to introduce democracy to
Iraq, they would support their actions
against Saddam Hussain. But they
don’t believe this.
“The US may be preparing a big
surprise for the region,” says Lebanese
journalist Saad Mehio, “but the Middle
East may also be preparing a big
surprise for the Americans.”
The Guardian Weekly
12-9-2002,
page 7
Decide whether these sentences are True or False (according to the article):
1
•
President Nasser was the founder of political Islam.
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a
• - Topical News Lessons

© one
stop
english.com 2002 |
This page can be photocopied
.
‘America wants war with all of us’
Level 1 |
Elementary
1
1 Key words
2 Prefixes
Match the words with their meanings:
1
•
nationalism
2
•
colonialism
3
•
fundamentalism
4
•
unity
5
•
democracy
Match the prefixes with their meanings:
1
•
pan-
a
•
for/in favour of
2
•
neo-
b
•
against
3
•
pro-
c
•
all
4
•
anti-
d
•
earth
5
•
geo-
e
•
new
a
•
a
situation in which people, groups or countries join together
b
•
a system in which people vote to choose their government
c
•
a situation in which one country rules another country
d
•
the wish for political independence for a group of people with the same
language, history
and culture
e
•
the belief that religious laws should be followed very strictly
I
f you want to know what Arab
people think, Cairo is the perfect
place. The former Egyptian leader,
President Nasser, was
the founder of
pan-Arab nationalism and Cairo was
also the birthplace of “political Islam”.
Today everyone in Cairo is talking
about two things: the conflict between
the Isaraelis and the Palestinians, and
the possibility
of a war between the
United States and Iraq.
Dia Rashwan, an expert on Islamic
fundamentalism, believes that Bin Laden
is not as popular now as he was last
year. “But that doesn’t mean that
people don’t
hate the US,” he says.
“Now they hate the US even more than
before.” After the attacks of September
11th, things seemed very bad for the
Arabs, but now they seem even worse.
After September 11th, the US began
its “war on terror”. Many Arabs think
that this is a war on all Arabs. They
think that in George Bush’s
simple
world of good and evil, the Arab
countries and Iran are the evil ones.
Most Arab countries were under
foreign rule for hundreds of years and
their people wanted independence and
the unity of the greater Arab “nation”.
Now there is a danger that these
dreams will be destroyed again. They
have
many social, economic and
cultural problems and this means that
it is very difficult for them to defend
themselves against attacks from
outside. The Americans say that these
problems were
the cause of the attacks
on the US last year and many Arabs
agree that this is true. They say that
their countries need to change in order
to have democracy and human rights.
‘America
wants war
with all of us’
Sifatni boshqarish usullari tasnifi

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Sifatni boshqarish usullari tasnifi
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Bog'liq Ma\'ruza 1 22. Sifatni boshqarish usullari tasnifi
Boshqarish usuli va vositalari - rejalashtirilgan mahsulot sifati darajasi va holatiga erishish va qoilab-quvvatlashni ta’minlash, ishlab chiqarish jarayonlarining elementlariga ta ’sir etuvchi boshqarish orgamning y o ila ri va choralaridir. Sifatni boshqarishda quyidagi usullardan foydalaniladi:
iqtisodiy usul: ehtiyojlar va so‘rovlar qanoatlantinivchi mahsulotni tayyorlash va xizmat ko‘rsatishni yaratish, iste’molchilarning so‘rovlarini o ‘rganishni tashkillashtirish usullari va texnologik. konstruktorlik, korxona jamoasini qiziqtiruvchi iqtisodiy sharolt va muhitni yaratishni ta ’minlaydi. Iqtisodiy usullari qatoriga kredit shartlari, narxlarni shakllantirish qoidalari, standartlar va texnik
shartlar talablariga rioya qilinmaganligi uchun iqtisodiy sanksiyalar, sifatsiz mahsulotni realizatsiya qilganligi uchug iste’molchilarga iqtisodiy zarar yetkazgan-ligini qoplash qoidalarini kiritish mumkin: rnoddiy rag'batlantirish usuli: birinchi tomondan yuqori sifatli mahsulotni yaratish va tayyorlash uchun ishchilami qo’llab-quvvatlash nazarda tutiladi va (bu usul qatoriga: yuqori sifat uchun rag‘batlantirish tizimi yaratish, oylik maoshiga qo‘shimchalami kiritish) ikkinchi tomondan sifatsiz mahsulotdan moddiy zararlar qopiashtirish ham bo'lishi mumkin; tashkiliy-taqsimlash usullari'. rahbariyatning ko'rsatmalari. buyruqlar, farmoyishlarini bajarish uchun majburivatiarni amalga oshirish tushuniladi. Sifatni boshqarishning tashkiliy-taqsimlash usuliari qatoriga me’yoriy hujjatlarning talablarini bajarish ham kiradi;
tarbiyalash usullari'. mahsulot sifatini boshqarishning maxsus vaziflarini aniq bajarish va yuqori sifatli mehnatga undovchi, ishlab chiqarish jarayonlarining qatnashchilarini kayfiyatini yaxshilash va oshirishga ta ’sir etuvehi omillar. Bu usularga yuqori sifatli mahsulot uchun manaviy rag'batlantirish, korxona nomi, mahsulot nomi va bosliqalar uchun mag'rurlanish \a quvontirishni tarbiyalashlar
kiradi.
Mahsulot sifatini boshqarish usullarini tanlash va eng yaxshilarim qidirib topish, sifatini boshqarish tizimini yaratishdagi, inson iaktorlarini mobillashtirish, mahsulotni ishlab chiqarish va tayyorlash jarayonida qatnashuvchi odamlarga bevosita ta ’sir etuvehi ijodiy faoliyatlardan biri sanaladi.
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The Guardian Weekly - Topical News Lessons

Giving power to the people
Level 1 |
Elementary
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english.com 2002 |
This page can be photocopied
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3
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Why did the National Union of Students ask people to stop buying South African wine?
a
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To protest against the apartheid government in South Africa.
b
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To protest against Barclays Bank.
c
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To help the South African economy.
4
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Why is a boycott of Nike or Gap a bad idea?
a
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Because they will improve conditions for their workers.
b
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Because they might close their factories and the workers might lose their jobs.
c
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Because it would be very expensive.
5
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Why did the Stop Esso campaign begin?
part that catches the imagination most sharply and leaves

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part that catches the imagination most sharply and leaves
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Bog'liq temurlaine part that catches the imagination most sharply and leaves
the deepest impression, is too full of hard, clear colour, of
the clash and jingle of armour and the beating of a tropic
sun on burning metal to carry with it the implication of
poetry, except in so far as poetry seems inherent in any-
thing surcharged with energy and with exultation. The
sources of the impulse whose apotheosis it attempts do not
always bear investigation ; too much crude destruction is
involved in the exaltation of this supreme and uncreative
egoist. Beauty, we feel, is too often beaten down in the
service of what is, after all, a lesser beauty, ' the sweet
fruition of an earthly crown ', for the play to stand finally
as a type of noble poetry. We may be deafened for a time
by Tamburlaine's swift passion, so simply conceived, so
clearly spoken, as his armies ' March in triumph through
Persepolis ' on ' Brave horses bred on the white Tartarian
hills ' the while he, its soul and its cause, still holds ' the
Fates fast bound in iron chains '. But upon often pondering
we demand something more.
And something more is there, not germane to the main
theme, often childishly at variance with it, but something
without which Tamhurlaine would be only one of many
plays that glorified power, wealth and conquest and held
the eyes and ears of their audiences with thundering lines
INTRODUCTION 59
and astounding martial swagger and heroic gesture. With-
out this other element, in which Marlowe saw the essential
Tamburlaine (this element of poetic vision which, had
it been the main quality of the historical Timiir, would
have unfitted him for his career of conquest) we should not
have in the poet of Tamburlaine the poet also of Faustus,
Edward II, and Hero and Leander. For Marlowe is gloriously
mistaken in Tamburlaine. The story he chose to hold his
idea, the character in whom he thought to embody it, belong
eventually to another world ; only youth and high spirits
serve to carry their creator through the presentation of
that career of earthly conquest. But if the story and the
figure of Timur had, at his first meeting it, suggested this
career and nothing beyond this to Marlowe, he would not
have used them for his first play. We cannot but believe
that Marlowe saw in the spirit of Tamburlaine secret springs
of desire that were not there, or did not continue, in the
historical figure and that could not co-exist with the career
of Timur with which he invested his Tamburlaine. The
true image of Marlowe's first conception is hidden perhaps
even from the most sympathetic of his readers, for it gradu-
ally faded even in the imaginative working out of the
character and the career. But the sense of stir and expecta-
tion in the great speeches of the earlier play all promise
the discovery and disclosure of some profound truth of
man's spirit, of some hitherto hidden source of his aspiration ;
the capturing of an ideal, shadowy vision, part sense and
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part of the tale, criticizes ; all are sunk in a profound

part of the tale, criticizes ; all are sunk in a profound,
mesmeric adoration.
1 It may be remarked that some of this material found its way into the
second part of the play when Marlowe had partially exhausted the interest
of Tamburlaine's career and was at a loss for episodes to fill out the
play.
40 TAMBURLAINE THE GREAT
One more detail Marlowe deliberately alters from the
combined version of Mexia and Perondinus,^ the comparison
between Tamburlaine and Bajazet — again to emphasize,
though more cheaply this time and by a device we would
willingly be rid of, the power of Tamburlaine's single brain.
In the originals the army of Tamburlaine is as great as
Bajazet 's, some say greater, or better equipped. Marlowe,
to whom Bajazet is after all, only a foil for Tamburlaine,
throws the balance the other way and the Persians and
Scythians have the glory of conquest over numbers many
times exceeding theirs. Bajazet, again, and his Turks are
valiant men, heroic fighters for whom even the later chron-
iclers feel a measure of sympathy, but Marlowe reduces the
dignity and the valour of Bajazet, presenting him as a self-
indulgent, headstrong Oriental, thus leaving Tamburlaine
secure in our undivided sympathy.
An integral part of his interpretation is the inspiration
of Zenocrate's beauty, that beauty a sense of which is
mysteriously inseparable from valour and deprived of which
Tamburlaine's aspiration sinks back upon itself in gloomy
and savage rage. Acting upon hints from Perondinus (but
not from Mexia), he has also given character and personality
to certain of the minor figures who can be so treated as to
enhance the colouring of Tamburlaine ; the Soldan, Theri-
damas, Cosroe and particularly Mycetes and Calyphas.
Such modifications as these tend to simplify the story
and to make the figure of Tamburlaine stand out clearly
from its background. This is the natural process of Mar-
lowe's intellect, and it is precisely how we should expect
to find him handling a large mass of somewhat amorphous
material, reducing it to clarity and continuity, to shapeli-
ness and to the service of one strong clear thought. When
he is writing freely he does not reproduce his sources. He
finds in certain records a figure, a series of events, a situation
1 The version of Primaudaye is so much condensed that little opportunity-
is left for this distinction.
INTRODUCTION 41
which seems shaped by nature to hold, or almost to hold,
his own burning thought. The figure, the event is informed
with the thought and, behold, the place that knew it knows
it no more ; it is not Chalcondylas or Mexia or Perondinus
or Haytoun but the idea of which they had been but faint
reflexions.
Additional Sources of Part II. Of the events and
episodes available to Marlowe when he wrote the first
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