nyuuzyou/kompy huggingface dataset:
Norasmiy bandlikning shakllanishi va uning paydo bo'lish sabablari

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Norasmiy bandlikning shakllanishi va uning paydo bo'lish sabablari
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bet | 10/111 | Sana | 22.05.2024 | Hajmi | 0,62 Mb. | | #250627 |
Bog'liq 1-mavzu Biznesga kirish Reja Biznesga kirish yo\'llari-fayllar.orgNorasmiy bandlikning shakllanishi va uning paydo bo'lish sabablari
Prof taklif etgan komponentli yondashuv. Bygkov V.G., ularga tegishli: 1. Mehnat bozori sub'ektlari o'rtasidagi ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy munosabatlar. 2. Ish kuchiga talab va taklifning shakllanishi. 3. Mehnat narxlarining shakllanishi. 4. Mehnat bozori infratuzilmasi. norasmiy bandlikning o'ziga xos xususiyatlarini aniqlash va tadqiq qilishda eng muvaffaqiyatli uslubiy yondashuv. Komponentli yondashuvdan foydalanib, ushbu ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy hodisaning mohiyati va xususiyatini tavsiflovchi norasmiy bandlik ta'rifi shakllantirildi.
Norasmiy bandlikning shakllanishi va keyingi rivojlanishi, birinchi navbatda, mehnat talabining shakllanishi jarayoniga ta'sir qiladi. Darhaqiqat, maxsus xususiyatlarga ega yangi ish joylari tashkil etiladigan xizmat ko'rsatish sohasining rivojlanishi norasmiy bandlikka ta'sir qiladi. Norasmiy faoliyatni rivojlanishiga turtki beradigan omillar orasida xususiy xizmatlarga o'sib borayotgan talabni, yangi texnologiyalar (ayniqsa aloqa sohasida) tarqalishini alohida ta'kidlash mumkin.
Norasmiy iqtisodiyotda ish bilan ta'minlash aholining barcha toifalarini jalb qilish chegaralarini kengaytiradi. Norasmiy ish birlashtirilgan kasbiy tayyorgarlikka ega bo'lgan yoki quyi malaka talablariga rozi bo'lgan shaxslar uchun ish taklifi bilan ta'minlanishi mumkin. Ish bilan ta'minlanish norasmiy daromad olish imkoniyatini oshiradigan "engil texnologiyalar" tarqalishi jarayonida ham shakllanadi. Mehnat narxlarini shakllantirish muhim element hisoblanadi. Mehnat narxini shakllantirishning bozor mexanizmlari buzilgan sharoitda, xodimni qo'shimcha ish joyi, o'zini o'zi ish bilan ta'minlash yoki norasmiy sektorga turli norasmiy printsiplarga qo'shilishi asosida norasmiy ish bilan ta'minlashga ob'ektiv ehtiyoj paydo bo'ladi.
Norasmiy bandlikning shakllanishiga ta'sir qiladigan mehnat bozorining navbatdagi tarkibiy qismi mehnat bozori sub'ektlari o'rtasidagi munosabatlardir. Mehnat bozori ishtirokchilari o'rtasidagi norasmiy mehnat munosabatlarini tahlil qilishda ular kimning manfaatlariga mos kelishini hisobga olish kerak.
Mehnat bozorining tarkibiy qismlari norasmiy bandlikning shakllanishiga qay darajada va qanday ta'sir ko'rsatishini baholash kerak. Haqiqiy norasmiy bandlikni shakllantirish uchun asos bo'lgan norasmiy bandlikning tarkibiy qismini aniqlash kerak.
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Marketing strategiyasi - 1-mavzu: Biznesga kirish Reja: Biznesga kirish yo'llari

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1-mavzu: Biznesga kirish Reja: Biznesga kirish yo'llari
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bet | 106/111 | Sana | 22.05.2024 | Hajmi | 0,62 Mb. | | #250627 |
Bog'liq 1-mavzu Biznesga kirish Reja Biznesga kirish yo\'llari-fayllar.orgMarketing strategiyasi. Marketing strategiyasi mazmunini yoritishdagi boshlang’ich nuqta bozorni segmentlash va maqsadli bozorlarni tanlab olish hisoblanadi. Har bir maqsadli segmentga, raqobatchilarning undagi o’rnini hisobga oladigan alohida marketing strategiyasi ishlab chiqiladi. Bunda umumiy yo’nalishlar hamda marketing kompleksi har bir tashkil etuvchisining ichki strategiyasi (tovar, baho, sotish va kommunikativ siyosat) ishlab chiqiladi. Natijalar 8.1-jadval shaklida keltirishi mumkin.
8.1-jadval.
Korxonaning marketing strategiyasi.
Mahsulot turi
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Mahsulot turi bo’yicha bozorni segmentlash
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Marketing turi
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Hayotiylik davri bosqichi
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Sotish kanallari
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Marketing siyosati
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Marketing harakatlari
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Tovar
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Baho
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Sotish
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Kommunikativ
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Bozorni qamrab olishning marketing strategiyasini tanlashda quyidagi uchta turidan foydalanish mumkin.
Ommaviy marketing strategiyasiga amal qiluvchi korxonalar muvaffaqiyatining asosiy omillari bo’lib, mahsulot ishlab chiqarishning standartlashganligi va ommaviyligi hisoblanadi. Uni qo’llashni mahsulot butun bozorga yoki uning yirik segmenti uchun mo’ljallangan hollarda tavsiya qilinadi.
^ Differentsial marketing strategiyasi korxonada bozorning bir necha segmentlarida ular uchun maxsus ishlab chiqilgan mahsulot va marketing dasturi asosida faoliyat yuritishni talab qiladi. Bu o’zlashtirilayotgan har bir bozor segmentiga chuqur kirib borish orqali sotish xajmini o’sishiga imkon yaratadi.
^ Yo’naltirilgan marketing korxona faoliyatini bir yoki bir necha bozor segmentiga yo’naltirilishini talab qiladi. Buning asosiy sharti tanlangan segmentlarda albatta foyda yuqori darajada bo’lishi kerak. Bu strategiya resurslar cheklangan holatda qo’llash tavsiya qilinadi va mazmuniga ko’ra bozordagi o’z o’rnini egallash yo’nalishiga mos keladi. Undan kichik korxonalar foydalanishi maqsadga muvofiq bo’ladi.
Korxonaning tovar siyosati
Tovar siyosati o’z ichiga quyidagi yo’nalishlarni oladi2:
assortiment siyosati;
yangi mahsulotni yaratish;
mahsulot sifati sohasidagi korxona strategiyasi;
dizayn strategiyasi;
tovarning bozor atributlari (belgilari);
servis xizmatini tashkil etish strategiyasi.
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KUNDALIKNI TUZISh VA TO‘LDIRISh TARTIBI

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KUNDALIKNI TUZISh VA TO‘LDIRISh TARTIBI
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bet | 2/2 | Sana | 21.09.2024 | Hajmi | 47,75 Kb. | | #271840 |
Bog'liq kundalik 3 курс KUNDALIKNI TUZISh VA TO‘LDIRISh TARTIBI
Amaliyot o‘tish davrida kundalik asosiy faoliyat yuritish xujjati hisoblanadi.
Universitet joylashgan shahardan tashqarida o‘tilgan amaliyot uchun kundalik va safar guvohnomasi – moliyaviy xujjat bo‘lib koladi (ish haqi va kundalik xarajatlar uchun).
Talaba amaliyot o‘tish davrida har kuni bajarilgan ishlarni kundalikga qisqa, tushunarli ravishda yozib
boradi.
Talabaning ma’naviyat-ma’rifat ishlariga, nazariy mashg‘ulotlar va ekskursiyalarga qatnashganliklari ham yoziladi.
Talaba har haftada kundalikni rahbarlar nazorat uchun taqdim etadi. Rahbarlar kundalikda keltirilgan rejalarni bajarilishini tekshirib, tegishli ko‘rsatmalar beradi va imzolaydi.
Amaliyot tugaganda korxona tomonidan rahbar kundalikni amaliyot hisoboti bilan birgalikda o‘rganib chikadi va bajarilgan ishlar yuzasidan tavsifnoma yozadi.
To‘ldirilgan kundalik amaliyot hisoboti bilan birgalikda kafedraga topshiriladi. To‘ldirilmagan kundalik bo‘yicha amaliyot hisobga olinmaydi.
AMALIYOT O‘TISH GRAFIGI
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Rahbarlar Universitetdan 2024 yil «_ »
imzosi: Korxonadan 2024 yil «_ »
AMALIYOTNING BAJARILISHI
Sana
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Bajarilgan ishlar mazmuni
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Amaliyot rahbari belgisi
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AMALIYОTDA BAJARILGAN ISHLAR TURLARI (nazariy o‘qitishlar, ekskursiyalar, ilmiy ishlarida qatnashish, sport-ommabop ishlari va h.k.).
KORXONA TOMONIDAN TAQDIRLASHLAR, RAG‘BATLANTIRISHLAR VA MA’MURIY JAZOLAR
(korxona rahbarii buyruqlari bo‘yicha)
TALABANING AMALIYOTNI BAJARISHI (BAHOLI) TO‘G‘RISIDA TAVSIFNOMA
Korxonadan rahbar
(imzo) (familiyasi va ismi, sharifi)
M.O‘. 2024 yil « »
Kundalik tekshirildi va hisobot ximoyaga ruhsat etildi.
Universitetdan amaliyot rahbari
(imzo) (familiyasi, ismi va sharifi)
Kafedra mudiri
(imzo) (familiyasi, ismi va sharifi)
2024 yil « »
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Mantiqiy toʼrlar

Mantiqiy toʼrlar
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Mantiqiy toʼrlar
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Rele kontakt sxemalarida sintez

Аsosiy va qoʼshimcha oʼquv adabiyotlar hamda axborot manbaalari
Аsosiy adabiyotlar:
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Toʼraev X. Matematik mantiq va diskret matematika. T.: “Oʼqituvchi”, 2003.
2.
Sudoplatov S. V., Ovchinnikova Ye. V. Elementii diskretnoy matematiki – M.:
«Infra-M», 2002 g.
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Аseev G.G., Аbramov O.M., Sitnikov D.E. Diskretnaya matematika. – Rostov –
na-Donu, «Feniks», 2003 g.
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Kulabuxov S.Yu. Diskretnaya matematika – Taganrogskiy radiotexnicheskiy
universitet, Taganrog, 2001 g.
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Gavrilov G.P. , Sapojchenko А.А. Zadachii uprajneniya po diskretnoy
matematiki.M.:Nauka.2005.
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Erussalimskiy Ya.M.
Diskretnaya matematika teoriya, zadachi, prilojeniya.- M.
«Vuzovskaya kniga» , 2002 g.
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Shaporev S.D. Diskretnaya matematika. Kurs lektsiy i praticheskix zanyatiy.
Sankt-Peterburg «BXV- Peterburg» 2009 g.
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F(A, B, C)
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Emelichev V.А., Melnikov O.I., Sarvanov V.I., Tishkevich R.I. Teoriya grafov.
M.: «Nauka» 1991.
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Аbduraxmanova Yu.M., Sadaddinova S.S., Raximova F.S. Diskret
matematika,o`quv qo`llanma,
Toshkent, “ALOQACHI” nashriyoti, 2014 y.
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Payzieva M.T., Raximova F.S. Diskret matematikaning
graflar nazariyasiga doir
uslubiy korsatma,Toshkent, “ALOQACHI” nashriyoti, 2015y.
11.
Qalandarov O.N., Abduvaitov X.A. Diskret matematika fanidan oraliq nazoratlari
uchun topshiriqlar va ularni bajarish uchun uslubiy korsatmalar, Toshkent,
“ALOQACHI” nashriyoti, 2011y.
12.
Qalandarov O`.N.,AbduvaitovX.A. matematik mantiq masalalari tatbiqlari va
ularni yechish uchun uslubiy ko`rsatmalar. Toshkent, “ALOQACHI” nashriyoti 2012 .
$ 192,35) 
   
pensionerlar uchun – 8496 rubl ($ 146,43

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$ 192,35)
pensionerlar uchun – 8496 rubl ($ 146,43
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bet | 110/111 | Sana | 22.05.2024 | Hajmi | 0,62 Mb. | | #250627 |
Bog'liq 1-mavzu Biznesga kirish Reja Biznesga kirish yo\'llari-fayllar.org$ 192,35)
pensionerlar uchun – 8496 rubl ($ 146,43)
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bolalar uchun – 10181 rubl ($ 175,48)
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Belarus Respublikasi[3]
(2017 yil IV choragidagi ma’lumotlar)
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mehnatga layoqatli aholi uchun – 420 belorus rubli 60 tiyin ($ 211,16)
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pensionerlar uchun – 331, 82 b.r. ($ 166,59)
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toʻrt kishilik oila uchun – 328, 45 b.r. ($ 164,9);
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uch kishilik yosh oila uchun – 356, 1 b.r. ($ 178,78)
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Qirgʻiziston Respublikasi[4]
(2017 yil IV choragidagi ma’lumotlar)
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butun aholi uchun – 4 864,42 qirgʻiz soʻmi ($ 71,09)
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mehnatga layoqatli aholi uchun – 5 440,04 soʻm ($ 79,5)
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pensiya yoshidagi aholi uchun – 4355,8 soʻm ($ 63,65)
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Jadvaldan koʻringanidek, mamlakatlar boʻyicha raqamlar keskin farqlanadi. Bu nimadan dalolat beradi? Iste’mol savatchasi insonning iste’mol tovarlari va хizmatlarga minimal хarajatlaridan tashkil topishi sababli ularning narхlari alohida olingan mamlakat aholisining turmush kechirish qiymatiga bevosita ta’sir koʻrsatadi. Shu tariqa, tirikchilik uchun zarur eng kam miqdorning yuqoriligi – dori-darmonlar, oziq-ovqat mahsulotlari, kommunal хizmatlar va boshqalarning qimmatligidan dalolat.
Bundan tashqari, turli ijtimoiy va yosh guruhlarining ehtiyojlari har хil boʻladi. Keltirilgan jadval pensionerlarning tirikchiligi uchun zarur eng kam miqdor, masalan, mehnatga layoqatli aholinikiga qaraganda kamligini yaqqol namoyish etmoqda.
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Qoʼshimcha adabiyotlar - Mantiqiy toʼrlar

Qoʼshimcha adabiyotlar
1.
Mirziyoev Sh.M.Buyuk kelajagimizni mard va olijanob
xalqimiz bilan birga
quramiz, Toshkent, 2017.
2.
Mirziyoev Sh.M. Qonun ustivorligi va inson manfaatlarini taʼminlash – yurt
taraqqiyoti va xalq farovonligining garovi, 2017.
3.
Mirziyoev Sh.M. Erkin va farovon, demokratik Oʼzbekiston davlatini birga barpo
etamiz, 2017.
4.
Mirziyoev Sh.M.Tanqidiy tahlil, qatʼiy tartib-intizom va shaxsiy javobgarlik – har
bir rahbar faoliyatining kundalik qoidasi boʼlishi kerak. Oʼzbekiston
Respublikasi
Vazirlar Mahkamasining 2016 yil yakunlari va 2017 yilning istiqbollariga bagʼishlangan
majlisidagi Oʼzbekiston Prezidentining nutqi. “Xalq soʼzi” gazetasi, 2016 yil 16 yanvar,
№ 11
5.
YablonskiyS.V. Vvedenie v diskretnuyu matematiku. M.: “Nauka”, 1979.
6.
Kuratovskiy K. Mostovskiy А. Teoriya mnojestv. M.: “Mir”, 1970.
7.
Igoshin
V.I.
Zadachnik-praktikum
po
matematicheskoy
logike.
M.
Prosveshenie.1986.
8.
Zыkov А.А. Osnovi teorii grafov.-M., «Nauka» 1987 g.
9.
Ershov Yu.L. i dr. Matematicheskaya logika. .-M., «Nauka» 1987 g.
Internet va Ziyonet saytlari
1.
www.estudu.uz
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www.tuit.uz
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www.Math.uz
4.
www.ziyonet.uz
.
5.
www.ziyouz.com
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www.intuit.ru/department/ds/discmath/
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www.uni-dubna.ru/manzy/kurses/odm/lekcii/
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www.mielt.ru/dir/cat14/subj266/file292.html
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www.doc.ic.ac.uk/iccp/papers/discrete94.pdf
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www.calvino.polito.iz/tili/matdiscreta/discrete%20mathematics.html
Mavzu: Erkka intiluvchi insonni yengib bo‘lmaydi

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Mavzu: Erkka intiluvchi insonni yengib bo‘lmaydi
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bet | 4/6 | Sana | 04.09.2024 | Hajmi | 252,94 Kb. | | #270236 |
Bog'liq Esse yozish qoidalariMavzu: Erkka intiluvchi insonni yengib bo‘lmaydi.
Men esse yozish uchun ushbu mavzuni tanladim. Chunki Abdulla Qahhorning «Dahshat» hikoyasini o‘qiganimda, nihoyatda ta’sirlanganman. Asarga qo‘yilgan nom kishini o‘ziga jalb etadi. Nega hikoya «Dahshat» deb nomlangan? Erk o‘zi nima? Erksizlik-chi? Erkparvar inson qanday bo‘ladi? Nega odamzod erkka talpinib yashaydi?
Erk – kishining o‘z xohishi bilan ish-harakat qilish huquqi. Erksizlik –tobelikdagi hayot, haq-huquqsizlik.
Mening fikrimcha, hikoya qahramoni Unsin erk yo‘lida qurbon bo‘ldi.
Nima uchun?
Unsin – o‘n oltiga to‘lib-to‘lmagan qiz – Olimbek dodxohning sakkizinchi xotini edi. U insofsizlik va shafqatsizlik hukm surgan bu xonadonga ko‘nikolmas, berahm dodxohning xotinlariga ko‘rsatayotgan sitamlarini ko‘ngilga sig‘dirolmas edi.
Oilada go‘riston haqidagi vahimali hangomalar aytilgan kuzning quruq sovuqli bir kechasida Nodirmohbegimning hikoyasiga javoban:
O‘lsin, nokas odam ekan, bitta qo‘yni deb...Koshki arziydigan narsa bo‘lsa!.. – dedi.
Nafsoniyati qo‘zg‘agan dodho Unsinning gapiga g‘ashi kelib, uni masxaraladi:
– Obbo, tegirmonchining qizi! Bitta qo‘yni nazarlariga ilmaydi!..Yuzta qo‘y, davlatimning yarmini bersam borasanmi?
Unsin unga javoban:
Menga davlat kerak emas...Men butkul ketsam deyman, javobimni bersangiz...Bir emas, o‘nta go‘rga o‘nta pichoq sanchib kelardim, – dedi va kundoshlari va Olimbek dodxohni lol qoldirib, jasorat ko‘rsatdi: go‘ristonga borib qumg‘on qaynatib kelishga otlandi.
Hammayoq zim-ziyo qorong‘u. Uvillagan shamol kishining ko‘ngliga qo‘rqinch soladi. O‘z qishlog‘iga, ota-onasi yoniga borish, ozod bo‘lish ilinjida bo‘lgan Unsin qorong‘ilikdan ham, go‘ristondan ham qo‘rqmay qumg‘on qaynatish uchun qabristonga yo‘l oladi. Mushtday qizning erk uchun intilishini o‘ziga qarshi ko‘tarilgan isyon deb bilgan dodxo qizni qattiq qo‘rqitish maqsadida Unsinning ketidan maymunini yubordi.
Rangi bo‘zdek oqargan Unsin bazo‘r uyga kirdi.Tong saharda qishlog‘iga, ota-onasi diydoriga yetolmay, Unsinning joni uzildi.
Shunday qilib, Unsin tobelikdan qutulish yo‘lida berilgan birgina imkoniyatdan foydalandi, ammo qurbon bo‘ldi. Unsinning o‘limi aslo yengilish emas, balki zulm va nohaqlikka qarshi isyon edi. Men shunday xulosaga keldimki, erkka intilgan insonni yengish mumkin emas. Inson o‘z erki va mustaqilligi uchun doimo kurashishi, uni himoya qilishi kerak.
281 so‘z
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Esse yozish jarayonida quyidagilarga e’tibor berish kerak

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Esse yozish jarayonida quyidagilarga e’tibor berish kerak
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bet | 3/6 | Sana | 04.09.2024 | Hajmi | 252,94 Kb. | | #270236 |
Bog'liq Esse yozish qoidalariEsse yozish jarayonida quyidagilarga e’tibor berish kerak:
1. Kirish va yakuniy qismdagi fikr asosiy masalaga uzviy bog‘liq bo‘ladi. Masalan, kirish qismida “Men... haqida shuni aytmoqchiman” deb boshlansa, yakuniy qismda “Men ...xulosaga keldim” kabi tugallanadi.
2. Esse yozishda his-hayajonli/ta’sirchan va badiiy bo‘yoqdor so‘zlardan foydalaniladi.
3. Esse ko‘lamiga e’tibor berish. (200-250 so‘zdan iborat bo‘ladi. Kirish –60-70 so‘z, asosiy qism –100-130 so‘z, xulosa – 30-40 so‘z)
4. Esseda birgina mavzu atrofida fikr yuritiladi. Unda birgina fikr o‘rtaga tashlanadi va rivojlantiriladi. Uning bir necha mavzu va bir qancha g‘oyasi bo‘lishi maqsadga muvofiq emas.
5. Esse erkin kompozitsiya asosida yoziladi. Yaxshi esseni mavzuni yaxshi tushungan, uni har tomonlama idrok eta olgan, o‘z g‘oyalari bilan o‘quvchini o‘ylanishga majbur eta oladigan odamgina yoza oladi.
6. Esse yozishda bir qolipdagi so‘zlardan foydalanish, so‘zlarni qisqartirish, yuzaki xulosa chiqarishdan xoli bo‘lish kerak. Esse tili salmoqlilikni talab qiladi. Bunda esse mavzusini oydinlashtirish, hajmini va maqsadni aniq belgilab olish muhimdir.
7. Esseda badiiy to‘qima va fantaziya bo‘lmaydi. Unda adabiy til uslublaridan to‘g‘ri va o‘rinli foydalaniladi.
8. Esse ixcham hajmli bo‘lgani bois, fikr-mulohaza bildirishda batafsil hikoyalashdan cheklanish, keltirilgan ma’lumotni ipidan ignasigacha bayon etishdan saqlanish, bir aytilgan fikrni yana qayta takrorlashga yo‘l qo‘ymaslik kerak. Uzundan uzoq, aralash turdagi qo‘shma gaplar o‘rniga qisqa va ixcham ifoda usulini qo‘llagan ma’qul.
9. Esse xatboshilarga to‘g‘ri ajratilishi kerak. Esseni yozib bo‘lgach, uni qayta-qayta o‘qib chiqish tavsiya etiladi.
10. Ensiklopediya va turli manbalardan olingan ma’lumotlar o‘z o‘rnida qo‘llanilishi kerak. Aks holda, essening badiiyligi va ta’sirchanligiga putur yetadi.
Esse yozishda quyidagi talablarga qat’iy rioya qilinadi:
• shaxsiy munosabatning bildirilishi;
• tezis – kalit so‘zni to‘g‘ri aniqlash;
• faktli dalillar (argumentlar);
• nazariyaga asoslanish;
• atamalarni o‘z o‘rnida qo‘llash;
• sitatalar keltirish;
• mantiqiy qonuniyatning saqlanishi;
• taqqoslash va xulosalash usullaridan foydalanish;
• savodlilik (uslubiy, imlo, tinish belgilari);
• yumor, o‘tkir hajv;
• foydalanilgan ilmiy manbalarga havolalar.
Mulohazali esse namunasi
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Axborot tizimlari

O’ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY VA O’RTA MAXSUS TA’LIM
VAZIRLIGI
TOSHKENT DAVLAT IQTISODIYOT UNIVERSITETI
R.X.Alimov, O’.T.Xayitmatov, A.F.Xakimov, G.T.Yulchieva,
O.X.Azamatov, U.A.Otajanov
AXBOROT TIZIMLARI
O’zbekiston Respublikasi Oliy va o’rta maxsus ta’lim vazirligi
oliy o’quv yurtlariaro ilmiy-uslubiy birlashmalar faoliyatini muvofiqlashtiruvchi kengashi
tomonidan oliy o’quv yurtlarining iqtisodiy ta’lim yo’nalishlari talabalari uchun o’quv qo’llanma
sifatida tavsiya etilgan
Toshkent- 2013
2
R. X. Alimov, O’. T. Xayitmatov, A. F. Xakimov, G. T. Yulchieva, O. X.
Azamatov, U. A. Otajanov “Axborot tizimlari” O’quv qo’llanma - T.: TDIU. 2013
Ushbu o’quv qo’llanmada axborotlashgan jamiyatni
shakllantirishda axborot
tizimlariga zamonaviy axborot texnologiyalarini tadbiq etishning nazariy, xam amaliy
asoslari, ya’ni texnologiya, axborot texnologiyasi,
rivojlanish bosqichlari, axborot,
tizim, boshqaruv tizimi, axborot tizimi, avtomatlashtirilgan
axborot tizimlarining
tasnifi, ularning axborot, dasturiy, texnologik ta’minoti,
elektron tijorat, elektron
xujjat almashuv, komp’yuter
tarmoqlari, axborot xavfsizligi masalalari to’liq
yoritilgan. Bundan tashqari iqtisodiy sohalarda amaliy dasturlar paketlaridan
foydalanish, xamda iqtisodiyotning statistika,
buxgalteriya, bank, marketing
sohalarida avtomatlashtirilgan axborot tizimlari va texnologiyalari bayon etilgan.
Mazkur o’quv qo’llanma iqtisodiy ta’lim yo’nalishida ta’lim olayotgan
magistratura talabalari uchun mo’ljallangan.
Taqrizchilar:
M.A. Ismoilov
– t. f. d., prof. “Dasturiy maxsulotlar va apparat-dasturiy majmualar
yaratish” markazi bo’lim mudiri
S.X. Fayzullaev
– t.f.n., dots. TKTI “Informatika. Avtomatik boshqaruv”
kafedrasi
dotsenti
1-mavzu Darsni tashkil etishda inklyuziv o‘qituvchining faoliyati Re’ja - bet 5

pаytdа o’zlаrigа o’хshаgаn mахsus ehtiyojli kаttа оdаmlаrning uchrаtmаydilаr vа
kаttа bo’lish qаndаyligini tаsаvvur hаm qilа оlmаydilаr. SHuning uchun hаm mахsus
ehtiyojli kаttаlаr mахsus ehtiyojli bоlаlаrning аt’limidа dоimiy ishtirоk etishlаri kеrаk.
CHunki kаttа yoshdаgi mахsus ehtiyojli insоnlаr оtа-оnаlаrgаn fаrzаndigа tа’lim
bеrish muhimligini tushintirish mumkin. Buning uchun esа mахsus ehtiyojli kаttаlаrni
mаktаblаrgа tаklif etish kеrаk. SHundа ulаr o’zlаrining hаyotdа erishgаn yutuqlаri
hаqidа gаpirib bеrаdilаr. Buning nаtijаsidа inklyuziv tа’limni tаrg’ib qilishdа kаttа
imkоniyat yarаtilаdi.
Mоs siyosаtni ishlаb chiqishgа ko’mаklаshish.
Inklyuziv tа’lim tizimini qo’llаb –quvvаtlаshdа siyosаt аsоsiy rоl o’ynаydi. Siyosаt
tоmоnidаn inklyuziv tа’limning qo’llаb quvvаtlаnishi bu tа’lim tiziminig sаmаrаsini
vа rivоjini tа’minlаydi.
1-mavzu Darsni tashkil etishda inklyuziv o‘qituvchining faoliyati Re’ja

1-mavzu Darsni tashkil etishda inklyuziv o‘qituvchining faoliyati Re’ja
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1-mavzu Darsni tashkil etishda inklyuziv o‘qituvchining faoliyati Re’ja
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Аdаbiyotlаr - 1-mavzu Darsni tashkil etishda inklyuziv o‘qituvchining faoliyati Re’ja

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1-mavzu Darsni tashkil etishda inklyuziv o‘qituvchining faoliyati Re’jaBog'liq 1-mavzu Darsni tashkil etishda inklyuziv o‘qituvchining faoliyatiАdаbiyotlаr:
1.
“Imkоniyati chеklаngаn bоlаlаr vа o’smirlаr uchun inklyuziv tа’lim
to’g’risidа muvаqqаt Nizоm”- ХTV 234-sоnli buyrug’i- 2005 yil 19 sеntyabrь.
2.
Turе Yоnsоn-”Inklyuziv tа’lim”- “Оpеrеyshеn Mеrsiy” - Tоshkеnt-2003
yil. O’qituvchilаr uchun qo’llаnmа.
3.
“Tа’lim hаmmа uchun” Milliy dаstur rеjаsi-Tоshkеnt-2003 yil.
4.
”Tа’lim hаmmа uchun milliy dаsturini jоriy qilish mаsаlаlаri”
mаvzusidаgi ilmiy-аmаliy kоnfеrеntsiya mаtеriаllаri. Tоshkеnt-2005 yil.
5.
Pasenkova N.M. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii dlya pedagogicheskix
rabotnikov obrazovatelnix uchrejdeniy po organizatsii raboti s detmi, imeyushimi
ogranichenniye vozmojnosti zdorovya v usloviyax inklyuzivnogo obrazovaniya. -
Stavropol: SKIRO PK i PRO, 2012.-46 s.
6.
Sharafutdinova T.M. Obuchayushiye igri na urokax angliyskogo yazika. //
Inostrannie yaziki v shkole.-2005,№8. (s.46-50)
7.
Malikova, D. (2020). Deposit base of Uzbekistan commercial banks.
World
Scientific News
, (143), 115-126
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“Animals” - 1-mavzu Darsni tashkil etishda inklyuziv o‘qituvchining faoliyati Re’ja

Turli mashqlar va o'yinlar bolaga o'rganilayotgan materialni osonroq va tezroq
eslab qolishga yordam beradi. Bu esa lingvistik dunyoqarashning kengayishiga olib
keladi: chet tili og'zaki va yozma nutqni o'zlashtirish uchun zarur bo'lgan elementar
lingvistik tasvirlarni o'zlashtirishga yordam beradi.
Bugungi kunda turli xil nogironligi bo'lgan ko'plab bolalar uchun ta‟lim
olishning yagona yo’li bu - masofaviy ta'limdir. Biroq o’quvchini dars jarayoni
uchun zarur jihozlar va shart- sharoitlar bilan ta‟minlashning o’zi yetarli emas.
Buning uchun o`quvchining barcha yosh, psixofizik xususiyatlarini hisobga olgan
holda darsni to`g`ri rejalashtirish muhim ahamiyatga ega hisoblanadi. Nogiron
bolalar, asosan, ko'proq muloqotda bo'lishadi, shuning sababli iloji boricha, darsga
kommunikativ yo'nalish berish kerak. Bu esa o'quvchiga tengdoshlari bilan muloqot
qilishni osonlashtiradi, o'z fikrlarini ikkala nutqida (ona tili va ingliz tili) ham
ifodalaydi.
Ingliz tili darslarida AKTdan foydalanishning asosiy maqsadlari:
-tilni o'rganish uchun motivatsiyani oshirish;
-nutq kompetensiyasini rivojlantirish: haqiqiy xorijiy matnlarni tushunish
qobiliyati, shuningdek, ma'lumotlarni izchil asosli bayonotlarda yetkazish
qobiliyati;
-
lingvistik bilimlar hajmini oshirish;
-o’rganilayotgan til mamlakatining ijtimoiy-madaniy o’ziga xosligi haqidagi
bilimlar hajmini kengaytirish;
-ingliz tilini mustaqil o'rganish qobiliyati va tayyorgarligini rivojlantirish [5].
Adabiyotlar tahlili - 1-mavzu Darsni tashkil etishda inklyuziv o‘qituvchining faoliyati Re’ja

shundaki, u yangi vaziyatda bilimlardan foydalanishga yordam beradi,
talabalar
tomonidan o’zlashtirilgan material o’ziga xos amaliyotdan o’tadi, o’quv jarayoniga
rang- baranglik va qiziqish uyg‟otadi.
Darsning turiga va maqsadiga qarab, o’yinlar juda xilma-xil bo’lishi mumkin.
Ular o’quv materialini mustahkamlash jarayonida ham, ma‟lum
bir mavzuni
o’rganishning dastlabki bosqichida ham taklif qilinishi mumkin [2].
Birinchi navbatda, o'yinlarni faoliyat turlari bo'yicha jismoniy (motor),
intellektual (aqliy), mehnat, ijtimoiy va psixologik o'yinlarga ajratib olish kerak.
Shuningdek, nogiron bolalar uchun o'yinlarni tanlashda quyidagi talablarni inobatga
olish kerak:
-
o’yinning bolaning yoshiga yoki uning hozirgi
rivojlanish darajasiga
muvofiqligi;
-
nuqson tuzilishini hisobga olish;
-
asta-sekin murakkablashadigan o’yin materialini tanlash;
-
o’yin mazmuni va bolaning bilim tizimi o’rtasidagi bog’liqlik;
-
darsning korreksion maqsadga muvofiqligi;
-
faoliyatni o’zgartirish tamoyilini hisobga olish;
-
yorqin, ovozli o’yinchoqlar va qo’llanmalardan foydalanish;
-
o’yinchoqlar va yordamchi vositalarning gigiyena talablariga muvofiqligini
inobatga olish va xavfsizligini ta‟minlash [3].
Quyida keltirilgan “Animals” o’yini inklyuziv ta‟lim jarayonida bolaning
nafaqat leksik bilim darajasini oshiradi, balki xotirani, diqqatni rivojlantiradi:
1. “ bu tasvir, harakat va tasvirlar yaratishning barcha stereotiplarini yoʻq qiladigan sanʻat boʻlib, uning "chegaralari" faqat tasavvur chegaralariga toʻgʻri keladi”

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1. “ bu tasvir, harakat va tasvirlar yaratishning barcha stereotiplarini yoʻq qiladigan sanʻat boʻlib, uning "chegaralari" faqat tasavvur chegaralariga toʻgʻri keladi”
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Sana | 01.06.2024 | Hajmi | 17,03 Kb. | | #258979 |
Bog'liq 6-mavzu test 3. ta —06.05.2024
1. “................bu tasvir, harakat va tasvirlar yaratishning barcha stereotiplarini
yoʻq qiladigan sanʻat boʻlib, uning "chegaralari" faqat tasavvur chegaralariga toʻgʻri keladi”.
----
# Animatsiya
----
Rangtasvir
----
Dizayn
----
Badiiy hunarmandchilik
+++++
2. Multiplitsiya deganda nimani tushunasiz?
----
bu tasvir, harakat va tasvirlar yaratishning barcha stereotiplarini
yoʻq qiladigan sanʻat tushuniladi
----
# harakatlanuvchi tasvir boʻlib, tasvirlangan obyektlarning
harakatlanish effektini yaratish individual tasvirlarni ketma-ket ijro etish tuhuniladi.
----
multfilmlar
yaratishda texnologik jarayonlarning oʻzgaruvchanligi uchun turli xil materiallar
bilan taʻminlash va texnik vositalarni egallash tushuniladi
----
To‘g‘ri javob yo‘q.
+++++
3. Animatsiya studiyasi jihozlari va dasturlari:
1. Stol lampasi; 2. Kadrlarni qayta ishlash dasturiga ega kompyuter (tahrirlash Zu3D dasturida amalga oshirilgan); 3. Musiqiy asarlar tanlovi (multfilmning ovozli dizayni uchun); 4. Ovoz yozish uchun kompyuterga ulangan ovoz yozuvchisi va mikrofon (multfilm uchun ovozli yechim); 5. Tasvirlarni yaratish uchun sanʻat va boshqa materiallar (qogʻoz, boʻyoqlar, 6. Choʻtkalar, qalamlar, flomasterlar, qaychi, sim va boshqalar). 7. Materiallarni yozib olish va saqlash uchun disklar; 8. Animatsion filmlarni tomosha qilish uchun qurilma, ekranli proyektor. 9. Multfilmlarni tahrirlash dasturi oʻrnatilgan kompyuter 10. Vaqt oraligʻida yozib olish funksiyasiga ega videokamera;
----
# 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10
----
1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10
----
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10
----
1,2, 5,6,7,8,9,10
+++++
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Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
1. “ bu tasvir, harakat va tasvirlar yaratishning barcha stereotiplarini yoʻq qiladigan sanʻat boʻlib, uning "chegaralari" faqat tasavvur chegaralariga toʻgʻri keladi”
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Ta’limda Akt va interaktiv texnologiyalardan foydalanish

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Ta’limda Akt va interaktiv texnologiyalardan foydalanish
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bet | 1/5 | Sana | 17.12.2023 | Hajmi | 0,67 Mb. | | #121458 |
Bog'liq Ta’limda Akt va interaktiv texnologiyalardan foydalanish Ta’limda Akt va interaktiv texnologiyalardan foydalanish Reja 1. Dars jarayonida AKT lardan foydalanish avzalliklari 2. O’quv jarayonida AKT ning maqsadlari Ta'lim tizimini modernizatsiya qilish bugungi kunda jamiyatni innovatsion rivojlanish salohiyati sifatida qaraladi va ta'limni rivojlantirishning yangi kontseptual yondashuvlarini amalga oshirishga asoslangan. - Ta'lim tizimini modernizatsiya qilish bugungi kunda jamiyatni innovatsion rivojlanish salohiyati sifatida qaraladi va ta'limni rivojlantirishning yangi kontseptual yondashuvlarini amalga oshirishga asoslangan.
- Ta'lim sifatining yuqori darajasini ta'minlash asosiy muammo bo'lib qolmoqda. Yangi federal davlat ta'lim standartlari talabalarning asosiy kompetentsiyalarini rivojlantirishga qaratilgan universal pedagogik texnologiyalardan foydalangan holda o'quvchilarni o'qitishning tizimli faolligini joriy qilishni nazarda tutadi.
- AKT texnologiyalarini maktab amaliyotiga joriy etish modernizatsiya qilishning ustuvor yo'nalishlaridan biri bo'lib, u nafaqat ta'lim sifatini oshirishga, balki o'quvchi shaxsining intellektual va ijodiy salohiyatini ochib berishga, axborot salohiyatini rivojlantirishga yordam beradi.
Talabaning axborot kompetentsiyasining asosiy komponentlari: - ma'lumot manbalarini to'g'ri tanlash qobiliyati;
- turli manbalardan ma'lumotlarni topish va o'zgartirish qobiliyati
- texnik vositalardan foydalanish bo'yicha aniq ko'nikmalarga ega bo'lish
- o'z faoliyatida kompyuter axborot texnologiyalaridan foydalanish qobiliyati;
- Kerakli sohadagi axborot oqimlarining xususiyatlarini bilish
- Ostida axborot -kommunikatsiya texnologiyalari biz ma'lumot bilan ishlash usullari, texnikasi va usullari tizimini tushunamiz, ularning qo'llanilishi ta'lim va tarbiyaning markaziy vazifalarini hal qilishni ta'minlaydi.
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O‘zbеkiston respublikasi raqamli

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O‘zbеkiston respublikasi raqamli
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bet | 1/17 | Sana | 21.05.2024 | Hajmi | 3,48 Mb. | | #247145 |
O‘ZBЕKISTON RESPUBLIKASI RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYALAR VAZIRLIGI
Muhammad al – Xorazmiy nomidagi
Toshkеnt axborot tеxnologiyalari univеrsitеti
Elektron hukumat fanidan
1-AMALIY ISH
Bajardi: Ravshanov Fozil
Tekshirdi:Yuldoshev Rahman
TOSHKENT 2024
1-ish my.gov.uz portalidan foydalanisah
Shaxsiy kabinetga kirish.
Talim bo’limini tanlaymiz
Xizmatlar bo’limi.
Bu yerdan o’qish joyidan malumotnoma olishni tanlaymiz
Bu yerda malumotnoma bo’limiga kirdi,endi xizmatdan foydalanishga bosamiz
Bu yerda passport raqamimiz va bizni robot emasligimizni tekshirish uchun kod beriladi
Bu bizni qayerda o’qishimiz haqida malumotnoma
2-Amaliy ish
lex.uzdan foydalanish
O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASINING QONUNI
ELEKTRON RAQAMLI IMZO TO‘G‘RISIDA
Qonunchilik palatasi tomonidan 2022-yil 26-iyulda qabul qilingan
Senat tomonidan 2022-yil 13-sentabrda ma’qullangan
1-bob. Umumiy qoidalar
1-modda. Ushbu Qonunning maqsadi
Ushbu Qonunning maqsadi elektron raqamli imzodan foydalanish sohasidagi munosabatlarni tartibga solishdan iborat.
2-modda. Elektron raqamli imzo to‘g‘risidagi qonunchilik
Elektron raqamli imzo to‘g‘risidagi qonunchilik ushbu Qonun va boshqa qonunchilik hujjatlaridan iboratdir.
LexUZ sharhi
Qarang: O‘zbekiston Respublikasining “Elektron hujjat aylanishi to‘g‘risida”gi Qonuni, O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar Mahkamasining 2018-yil 10-maydagi 348-sonli qarori bilan tasdiqlangan Davlat xizmatlari markazlari yoki onlayn tarzda (masofadan turib) rasmiy axborot resurslari orqali elektron raqamli imzo kalitini ro‘yxatga olish va elektron raqamli imzo kalitining sertifikatini berish bo‘yicha davlat xizmatlari ko‘rsatishning ma’muriy reglamenti.
Agar O‘zbekiston Respublikasining xalqaro shartnomasida O‘zbekiston Respublikasining elektron raqamli imzo to‘g‘risidagi qonunchiligida nazarda tutilganidan boshqacha qoidalar belgilangan bo‘lsa, xalqaro shartnoma qoidalari qo‘llaniladi.
LexUZ sharhi
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The compass ranks up there with the most important inventions

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The compass ranks up there with the most important inventions
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bet | 4/8 | Sana | 24.11.2023 | Hajmi | 29,65 Kb. | | #104566 |
Bog'liq Hasanov Saidbek The compass ranks up there with the most important inventions
Some believe this relatively modern invention was first created for fortune-telling and "geomancy." It was only later that it was adapted for navigational purposes. The earliest compasses similar to those we use today were most likely invented by the Chinese around 200 BC.
Earlier forms of the compass were made of lodestone, which is a naturally-occurring form of the mineral magnetite. Evidence suggests that civilizations may have also used lodestones for similar purposes as early as the sixth century BCE. At some point, possibly around 1050 AD, people began suspending the lodestones so they could move freely and use them for navigation.
A description of a magnetized needle and its use among sailors occurs in a European book written in 1190 AD, so by that time, it is likely that the use of a needle as a compass was commonplace.
Who is the Greatest Teacher in History?
Aristotle, an ancient Greek who knew a few things about education, once made an observation sure to rankle some members of the PTA. He said that “those who educate children well are more to be honored than they who produce them; for these only gave them life, those the art of living well.” In other words, parents just make babies. It’s teachers who turn them into people.
Aristotle may have lived a long time ago in a different land, but his slightly acerbic exaggeration still has a ring of truth to it. Good teachers still play a significant role in making us who we are. The teachers who shape us may not always be standing at the head of a classroom (including, of course, our parents), but wherever they’re found, they are doing something that no one else can do: changing our view of the world and making us into something better than we were before.
Many parents have probably felt at one time or another that one of their child’s teachers was a “miracle worker,” a teacher who somehow gets results where other teachers have failed. Although the idea of a miracle worker has entered common parlance, the phrase was coined by Mark Twain to describe one particular person. In fact, the term has become almost synonymous with her name. That person is Anne Sullivan, the teacher of Helen Keller.
A mere 20 years old when first employed to school the deaf and blind Helen in 1887, Anne Sullivan herself was blind for much of the first part of her life. Educated at the Perkins School for the Blind in Boston, Sullivan had recovered part of her eyesight by the time she traveled to Alabama to begin her job as Helen Keller’s governess. Undoubtedly, Sullivan’s own partial blindness gave her insight (in the fullest meaning of the word) into the little girl’s closed-off world.
As the 1957 play The Miracle Worker so effectively dramatized it, Sullivan’s breakthrough with Keller came as she spelled words out on her open palm to make her understand that things had words attached to them.
Famous Brands
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Differences between School and University

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Differences between School and University
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bet | 7/8 | Sana | 24.11.2023 | Hajmi | 29,65 Kb. | | #104566 |
Bog'liq Hasanov SaidbekDifferences between School and University
S1 The main difference about university is that you need to be self-motivated. There’s no-one here to prompt you, tell you what to do anymore; you’ve really got to do it on your own back.
S2 The main difference I’ve found between school and university is the independent learning, which is a big shock to the system after you’ve come from college and secondary school.
S3 The main difference is, well for me between school and university, just the first time you go to a lecture theatre and you’re suddenly surrounded by 250 other people and you’re no longer in a class of 25 where you all know the teacher and you’ve got that relationship and you know what’s going on. It is you, 250 others and a lecturer at the front with a PowerPoint presentation. It can be really quite daunting to start off with but you soon get into the swing of it and kind of work out what notes you need to be taking and what you’re doing and you start to get to know people a bit more.
S4 It’s very different studying at university than it was at A-level at school when you’re there from 9.00 until 4.00 every day and pretty much you’re told what to learn and you’re given all the answers to the exams basically.
S5 There's been a big difference between school and university. I’ve found here how to do a lot of independent work, how to go and use the library, using internet resources and stuff.
S6 The University is very much about independent learning, you’ve got to be very self-motivated and develop skills like critical thinking. You’ve got to be able to go to the library and work on your own.
S7 Independent learning is all about learning on your own, motivating yourself to do your own work, studying in your own time, the thing that you don’t do in lectures like reading books, going over old exam questions and things like that.
S8 You have to have the dedication to go to the library and do it yourself.
S9 You just get used to it. You just get used to going into the library, reading about the lecture you’re just come out of and then going to a seminar and having to talk about the subject with passion.
S10 You don’t have teachers running after you 24/7 to hunt down work. Lecturers give you knowledge that you somehow have to learn. You’re not taught; you’re given knowledge from academics that you have to learn.
S11 There’s a lot more on you to sort of go out there and do your own research and formulate your own opinions on things, not to sort of be spoon fed, which I guess was the case through A-levels and definitely GCSEs.
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Famous People of the World

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Famous People of the World
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bet | 2/8 | Sana | 24.11.2023 | Hajmi | 29,65 Kb. | | #104566 |
Bog'liq Hasanov SaidbekFamous People of the World
Marilyn Monroe (1926-1962) Model, actress, singer and arguably one of the most famous women of the twentieth century. Monroe has become an iconic representative of fame and female beauty. She is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in American culture.
Monroe was born, Norma Jeane Mortenson, in June 1926. Her mother was Gladys Pearl Baker (née Monroe, 1902–84) Her father was unknown and she was baptised as Norma Jeane Baker. Her mother Gladys had a turbulent mental state and struggled to cope with bringing up her children. For the first six years, Marilyn was brought up by foster parents, Albert and Ida Bolender in the town of Hawthorne, California. Her mother then tried to take back Marilyn, but she suffered a mental breakdown and Marilyn was moved between different orphanages and foster homes. The traumatic childhood made her shy and reserved.
Just after her 16th birthday, in 1942, Monroe married her 21-year-old, next-door neighbour Jimmy Dougherty.
Marilyn became a housewife, but the couple were not close, and Monroe reports being bored. In 1943, her husband left to join the Merchant Marines to participate in America’s War effort. They split up shortly after. To earn a living, Marilyn took a job at a local munitions factory in Burbank, California. It was here that Marilyn got her first big break. Photographer David Conover was covering the munitions factory to show women at work for the War effort. He was struck by the beauty and photogenic nature of Norma, and he used her in many of his photographs. This enabled her to start a career as a model, and she was soon featured on the front of many magazine covers. 1946 was a pivotal year for Marilyn, she divorced her young husband and changed her name from, the boring, Norma Baker to the more glamorous Marilyn Monroe (after her grandma). She took drama lessons and got her first movie contract with Twentieth Century Fox. Her first few films were low key, but from these beginnings, it gained her more prominent roles in films such as All About Eve, Niagara and later Gentleman Prefer Blondes and How To Marry A Millionaire.
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Famous Scientists of Uzbekistan

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Famous Scientists of Uzbekistan
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bet | 3/8 | Sana | 24.11.2023 | Hajmi | 29,65 Kb. | | #104566 |
Bog'liq Hasanov SaidbekFamous Scientists of Uzbekistan
Soviet, Uzbek scientist, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Research Professor at the Institute of Nanotechnology and Associate Professor at the Physics Department of the School of Science and Mathematics at the University of Texas at Dallas. In 2011, he was named "Inventor of the Year" by Time magazine.
Arifov Atanazar
Uzbek Soviet experimental physicist. Author and editor of many scientific papers. Created a method for determining the anisotropy time of liquids.
This method was later used to study solutes in liquids, especially in solvents and dyes.
Karimov Abdulazis Vakhitovich. Soviet Uzbek scientist, physicist, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, professor. In particular, he worked on semiconductors and physical and mathematical research. Author of more than 450 articles and up to 40 inventions. One of the patents is a method for epitaxial growth of semiconductor materials by mixing melt solutions.
Usmanov Timurbek Bekmuradovich. Uzbek physicist, academician of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan. 400 scientific articles, 16 patents. Scientist in the field of laser physics and technology, nonlinear optics and spectroscopy. He was one of the first to obtain an effective harmonic of laser radiation and a high level of light generation. Further, Timurbek Bekmuradovich created laser systems, which are widely used in many areas.
Turakulov Yalkin Khalmatovich. Scientist biologist, laureate of the Lenin Prize in 1964. He created and managed several Uzbek institutes, mainly medical ones.
Great Inventions
The invention of the wheel was a big deal
The wheel is an original engineering marvel and one of the most famous inventions. This basic technology not only made it easier to travel but also served as the foundation for a vast number of other innovative technologies.
However, interestingly, the wheel is not that old. By then, people had made metal alloys, built canals and sailboats, and made complicated instruments like harps.
This delay is because the primary intention here was not the wheel itself, which was likely invented the first time someone saw a rock rolling along, but the combination of a wheel and a fixed axle that allows the wheel to be connected to a stable platform. Without the fixed axle, the wheel has minimal utility.
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The Role of Internet in our Life

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The Role of Internet in our Life
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bet | 6/8 | Sana | 24.11.2023 | Hajmi | 29,65 Kb. | | #104566 |
Bog'liq Hasanov SaidbekThe Role of Internet in our Life
ust a century ago we didn’t even know about computers and the Internet. But today we take them for granted and can’t imagine our life without these inventions. I think that the Internet (or WorldWideWeb) is the greatest invention ever and it has made a significant impact on our lives.
Nowadays the Internet is affordable almost for anyone and it connects people all around the world. You can stay in touch with your friends, relatives and colleagues. Our modern life will stop without the net because it helps to make on-line business transactions, manage our bank accounts, pay our gas or electricity bills and send important e-mails, for example.
The Internet is the largest source of information. There are millions of Internet sites storing plenty of useful data about everything: science, history, psychology, sports, fashion, music, cooking and many other subjects. We can also download our favourite movies or songs, listen to radio channels or play games. Learning or practising foreign languages is possible with the Internet too.
The Internet saves our time and money. We can do on-line shopping choosing the desirable thing at the best price. And then we just click “Order the delivery”. By the way, we can also sell various things in the net. We often don’t need to go to the library: surfing the net can easily help us to find and open the book we need. Buying stamps and envelopes isn’t required if you’re going to send an e-mail. It takes just a few seconds to send an instant message by e-mail.
The Internet helps shy people or those with low-esteem to find each other on dating sites. On-line chatting through social networking websites is more comfortable for Internet users with the lack of social skills.
I am sure that the Internet has changed our life for the better. There is only one disadvantage about it: some people become rather addicted to it and spend all days long surfing the net, on-line dating or playing games. Over-using the net can be dangerous because new technology victims start neglecting their families, friends, work and real hobbies.
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S12 The lecturers kind of set you in the right direction and show you where to go but it’s up to you to go and do the research.
S13

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S12 The lecturers kind of set you in the right direction and show you where to go but it’s up to you to go and do the research.
S13
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bet | 8/8 | Sana | 24.11.2023 | Hajmi | 29,65 Kb. | | #104566 |
Bog'liq Hasanov SaidbekS12 The lecturers kind of set you in the right direction and show you where to go but it’s up to you to go and do the research.
S13 Basically you are just given a very broad outline of what’s required and it’s up to you to bring to it your own personal perspective and to kind of make the question your own and the research your own.
S3 Help’s always there but you have to go and get it. It’s very much proactive independent learning and if you don’t understand something you can look it up and then if you still don’t get it you can go and find someone. They’re not always chasing you up and that’s possibly the main difference really.
S14 For me it’s been very interesting because you learn things that you might not get told in lectures and I’ve found that to be some of the most interesting learning that I’ve done so far at university, actually going out and finding the necessary information that I need to do the assignments I’ve been given.
S15 It’s actually quite satisfying spending a lot of time in the library drawing together a lot of information and finally at the end you can present something, you know, into the office that you’re really, really proud of researching and almost being an expert on.
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Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
S12 The lecturers kind of set you in the right direction and show you where to go but it’s up to you to go and do the research.
S13
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Tuproqlar - Jizzakh Petroleum" mchj qk fayzullaev Sh. N. "

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Jizzakh Petroleum" mchj qk fayzullaev Sh. N. "
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bet | 6/37 | Sana | 11.06.2024 | Hajmi | 331,72 Kb. | | #262526 |
Bog'liq Bilol aka (2) tarjimaTuproqlar
Ish maydoni Beshkent trubasiga tegishli bo'lib, u qum, shag'al va shag'al qatlamlari bo'lgan qumli-soxta tuproqlar bilan ifodalangan allyuvial-prolyuvial to'rtlamchi yotqiziqlarning keng tarqalganligi bilan ajralib turadi.
Ko'rib chiqilayotgan ish maydoni pastki adirlar ichida joylashgan. Geomorfologik tuzilmalar lyoss jinslardan tashkil topgan. Bu jinslarda kulrang-qo'ng'ir tuproqlar hosil bo'ladi. Bo’z tuproqlarning fizik xossalari ko’proq suv o’tkazuvchanligi va oson yuvilishi bilan ajralib turadi.
Bo'z tuproqlarning shakllanishi davrida tuproq rivojlanishining yillik tsiklidagi kontrast aniq belgilanadi. Eng intensiv va chuqur tuproq hosil qiluvchi jarayonlar bahor va qishda, maksimal namlikka erishilganda sodir bo'ladi.
Mahalliy bo'z tuproqlar chirindi miqdori 1,4 % dan 1,65% gacha bo'lganligi bilan ajralib turadi. Uning tarkibida fulvik kislotalar hümik kislotalar bilan deyarli bir xil miqdorda topiladi, faqat 4-5% ni tashkil qiladi. Kortikal gorizont yo'q. Karbonatlarning tarkibi tuproqqa chuqurroq harakat qilganda, yuqori gorizontda 15% gacha, pastki gorizontda 25% gacha ko'tariladi. Bu bo'z tuproqlarning sezilarli unumdorligini belgilaydi.
Tuproqlarning nomenklatura turiga, ularning tarkibi, holati va fizik-mexanik xossalariga ko'ra 1 ta muhandislik- geologik element (EGE) aniqlangan - loyli qumloq, lyossimon.
Tuprogʻi kuchsiz birikkan, choʻkindi, allyuvial-prolyuvial kelib chiqishi, yoshi toʻrtlamchi davrning oʻrtalari – toʻrtlamchi davrning oxiri (ar Q. II - III ). Qumloq loyli, lyossimon , och kulrang-jigarrang, gʻovak, siqilish darajasi yuqori, choʻkma, qattiqdan suyuqlikka konsistensiyaga ega, suvi beqaror, shoʻr, yer sathigacha boʻlgan tuproqlar choʻkma, yer sathidan pastda choʻkma. Qatlamning qalinligi 5,0 m dan ortiq.
Ko'rib chiqilayotgan hududda tuproq sharoitining cho'kishi bo'yicha turi I. Cho'kish paytida o'z og'irligi hisobiga cho'kish miqdori
5,0 sm gacha.
Filtrlash koeffitsienti 0,05 dan 0,1 m 3 / kungacha o'zgaradi.
Tuproqning xarakterli xususiyatlari uning suvning beqarorligi, sho'rlanishi va tarkibidagi gipsdir.
Seysmik xossalari boʻyicha IGE-1 tuproqlar III toifaga kiradi.
IGE-1 tuproqlari suv bilan o'zaro ta'sirlashganda, suffuziya jarayonlariga duchor bo'lishi mumkin .
Oson eriydigan tuzlar va gipslarning umumiy tarkibiga ko'ra, ularni sho'rlangan tuproqlar deb tasniflash mumkin. Suvli ekstraktdagi quruq moddalar miqdori 1,256 dan 1,782% gacha o'zgarib turadi; gips 1,88 dan 3,97% gacha; xlor ionlari 170 dan 1610 mg / kg gacha o'zgarib turadi; sulfat ionlari 8140 mg / kg dan 11640 mg / kg gacha o'zgarib turadi.
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