Transportning paydo bo’lishi va taraqqiyoti - bet 4

PT H
|
PT1
|
PT2
|
PT3
|
PT4
|
PT5
|
PT6
|
PT7
|
PT8
|
PT9
|
PT10
|
I
|
20502.6
|
28770.8
|
35535.9
|
40797.9
|
44556,67
|
46812.2
|
47564.6
|
46813.8
|
44559.9
|
40802.8
|
II
|
11166.5
|
15669.8
|
19354.4
|
22220.2
|
24267,47
|
25495.9
|
25905.7
|
25496.8
|
54569.2
|
22222.9
|
III
|
6651.14
|
9333.41
|
11528.0
|
13235.0
|
14454,4
|
1518.12
|
15430.2
|
15186.6
|
14455.4
|
13236.6
|
IV
|
4301.88
|
6036.74
|
7456.21
|
8560,277
|
9348.94
|
9822.21
|
9980.08
|
9822.55
|
9349.62
|
8561.30
|
V
|
3050.98
|
4281.38
|
5288.09
|
6071,118
|
6630.45
|
6966.10
|
7078.07
|
6966.35
|
6630.94
|
6071.84
|
VI
|
2410.27
|
3382.29
|
4177.59
|
4796,183
|
5238.06
|
5503.22
|
5591.67
|
5503.41
|
5238.44
|
4796.75
|
4.Avtomobilning havo qarshiligi kuchini hisoblash
Har xil tipdagi avtomobillarni havo qarshilik koeffistienti qiymatlari
jadvalda keltirilgan.
1
|
Yengil avtomobillar
|
0,15 ....0,35
|
2
|
Avtobuslar
|
0,35 ....0,45
|
3
|
Yuk avtomobillari uchun:
Bortli
Furgon tipidagi kuzovlar
|
0,5....0,7
0,35 ....0,45
|
4
|
Avtosisterna
|
0,55 ....0,65
|
5
|
Avtopoyezdlar
|
0,85 ....0,95
|
Havoning qarshilik kuchi quyidagi formula bo’yicha aniqlanadi:
Avtomobilning formula bo’yicha hisoblangan turli xil pog’onadagi havoning qarshilik kuchi jadvalda keltirilgan.
bu erda: havo qarshilik koeffistienti: 0,55
-avtomobilning old yuzasi:
Yuk avtomobillar uchun:
-oldingi g’ildirak koleyasi, m
- avtomobilning balandligi, m
N
|
Pв1
|
Pв2
|
Pв3
|
Pв4
|
Pв5
|
Pв6
|
Pв7
|
Pв8
|
Pв9
|
Pв10
|
I
|
0,341
|
1,407
|
3,198
|
5,713
|
8,848
|
12,792
|
17,460
|
22,854
|
28,782
|
35,6038
|
II
|
1,166
|
4,742
|
10,729
|
19,126
|
29,933
|
43,150
|
58,777
|
76,815
|
97,263
|
120,121
|
III
|
3,390
|
13,563
|
30,51
|
54,2530
|
84,770
|
122,069
|
166,15
|
217,012
|
274,656
|
339,081
|
IV
|
8,126
|
32,504
|
58,777
|
130,019
|
203,155
|
292,544
|
398,185
|
520,078
|
631,251
|
812,623
|
V
|
16,012
|
64,333
|
144,962
|
257,900
|
402,436
|
579,849
|
789,571
|
1031,60
|
1305,94
|
1611,16
|
VI
|
25,822
|
103,650
|
233,485
|
414,603
|
648,269
|
933,940
|
1270,35
|
1659,85
|
2101,36
|
2593,07
|
4.Avtomobilni tortish balansi grafigi.
Avtomobilning tortish balansi deb tortish kuchining avtomobil harakat qarshilik kuchlari bo’yicha taqsimlanishiga aytiladi.
Bu yerda: Yo’lning umumiy qarshilik kuchi
Inersiya kuchi
Bu avtomobilning harakat davomidagi differensial tenglamasi bo’lib uni to’g’ridan to’g’ri yechib bo’lmaydi. Chunki bu chiziqli differensial temglama emas. Shuning uchun bu tenglamaning grafik usulda ya’ni tortish balans orqali yechamiz.
№
|
|
|
I
|
2198,75
|
2202,69
|
2209,25
|
2218,44
|
2230,26
|
2244,71
|
2261,77
|
2281,4
|
2303,7
|
2328,7
|
II
|
2198,75
|
2202,69
|
2209,25
|
2218,44
|
2230,26
|
2244,71
|
2261,77
|
2281,4
|
2303,7
|
2328,7
|
III
|
2206,28
|
2232,82
|
2277,06
|
2338,99
|
2418,61
|
2515,93
|
2630,95
|
2763,6
|
2914,0
|
3082,1
|
IV
|
2206,28
|
2232,82
|
2277,06
|
2338,99
|
2418,61
|
2515,93
|
2630,95
|
2763,6
|
2914,0
|
3082,1
|
V
|
2225,62
|
2310,17
|
2451,08
|
2648,36
|
2902,01
|
3212,03
|
3578,41
|
4001,1
|
4480,2
|
5015,7
|
VI
|
2225,62
|
2310,17
|
2451,08
|
2648,36
|
2902,01
|
3212,03
|
3578,41
|
4001,1
|
4480,2
|
5015,7
|
я α –yo’lning qiyalik burchagi.
va u quyidagi ko’rinishga ega
5.Avtomobilning tortish harakteristikasi
Yetakchi g’ildirakdagi tortish kuchining turli pog’onalarda tezlikka bog’liq qurilgan grafigi avtomobilning tortish harakteristikasi deb aytiladi, va u quyidagi ko’rinishga ega
Avtomobilning yo’l qarshiligi kuchini hisoblash.
Yo’lning umumiy qarshilik kuchi ni quyidagi formuladan aniqlaymiz:
Pψ=16000*9.81*0.014=2197.44 α –yo’lning qiyalik burchagi.
bu erda: yo’lning umumiy qarshilik koeffistienti;
- erkin tushish tezlanishi, m/s2
α –yo’lning qiyalik burchagi.
Umumiy hol uchun yo’lning umumiy qarshilik koeffistienti quyidagicha aniqlanadi:
α –yo’lning qiyalik burchagi.
bu erda: - g’ildirashga qarshilik koeffistienti; -yo’lning qiyalik burchagi.
G’ildirashga qarshilik koeffistientining o’rtacha qiymati turli xil yo’llar uchun jadvalda keltirilgan
Yo’lning xolati
|
O’rtacha qiymat
|
Asfalt beton va stement beton:
a)Eng yaxshi xolatda
b)Qoniqarli xolatda
v)Tosh yotqizilgan yo’l
|
0,007...0,015
0,015...0,02
0,02...0,025
|
Shag’al yotqizilgan yo’l
|
0,025...0,03
|
Tuproq yo’l:
a)Shabbalangan va quruq
b)Yomg’irdan so’ng
|
0,025...0,03
0,05...0,15
|
Agar yo’lning g’ildirashga qarshilik koeffitsientini Va bo’yicha o’zgarmas deb qabul qilsak, u holda gorizontal tekis yo’l uchun , =0,014
bo’ladi, ya’ni . -g’ildirashga qarshilik kuchi.
Tortish balansi
6.Avtomobilninng quvvat balansi
Avtomobilninng quvvat balansi tenglamasi quyidagi ko’rinishga ega:
α –yo’lning qiyalik burchagi.
α –yo’lning qiyalik burchagi.
α –yo’lning qiyalik burchagi.
Bu yerda:
Nk -Yetaklovchi g’ildirakka olib kelingan quvvat
Nψ -Yo’lning umumiy qarshiligini yengish uchun sarf bo’ladigan quvvat
NB -Havo qarshiligini yengish uchun sarf bo’ladigan quvvat
NU -Inersiya kuchini yengish uchun sarf bo’ladigan quvvat
Yetaklovchi g’ildirakka olib kelingan quvvat
№
|
NK1
|
NK2
|
NK3
|
NK4
|
NK5
|
NK6
|
NK7
|
NK8
|
NK9
|
NK10
|
NK
|
6,9190
|
9,70939
|
11,9924
|
13,7681
|
15,0366
|
15,7978
|
16,0517
|
15,7984
|
15,0377
|
13,76
|
Yo’lning umumiy qarshiligini yengish uchun sarf bo’ladigan quvvat:
Jadvalda keltirilgan
№
|
Nψ1
|
Nψ2
|
Nψ3
|
Nψ4
|
Nψ5
|
Nψ6
|
Nψ7
|
Nψ8
|
Nψ9
|
Nψ10
|
I
|
0.74
|
1.48
|
2.22
|
2.96
|
3.7
|
4.44
|
5.19
|
5.93
|
6.67
|
7.41
|
II
|
1.36
|
2.72
|
4.08
|
5.44
|
6.8
|
8.1
|
9.5
|
10.8
|
12.2
|
13.6
|
III
|
2.28
|
4.57
|
6.85
|
9.14
|
11.42
|
13.71
|
16
|
18.28
|
20.57
|
22.85
|
IV
|
3.53
|
7.06
|
10.06
|
14.13
|
17.67
|
21.20
|
24.74
|
28.27
|
31.80
|
35.34
|
V
|
4.95
|
9.96
|
14.95
|
19.93
|
24.91
|
29.90
|
34.88
|
39.86
|
44.85
|
49.83
|
VI
|
6.3
|
12.61
|
18.92
|
25.23
|
31.54
|
37.84
|
44.15
|
50.46
|
56.77
|
63.08
|
|