nyuuzyou/kompy huggingface dataset:
Dars jihozi - Boshqarmasi

11
Darsning borishi
1. Tashkiliy qism:
O‘quvchilar bilan salomlashish, davomatni aniqlash
2. 8-9-sinflarda olingan bilimlarni takrorlash:
Tushunchalarni Venn diagrammasiga
joylashtiring: 1) elektron 2) kichik davr
elementlarida uchraydi 3) yadro tarkibiga kiradi 4) katta davr elementlariga
kiradi 5) A-sharsimon B-gantelsimon S-murakkab
3. Yangi mavzuni tushuntirish:
Ilk bor atom tuzilishini 1911-yilda E.Rezerford va uning hamkasblari taklif
etgan va bu nazariya atomning planetar modeli deyiladi. Bu nazariyaga ko‘ra
atomning markazini musbat zaryadlangan yadro egallaydi. Ammo bu modelga
ko‘ra elektron tinmay orbita bo‘ylab atom yadrosi
atrofida aylanib energiyani
ajratib tursa, uning energiyasi yo‘qolib borib, yadroga qulashi kerak bo‘lar edi.
Lekin amalda bunday bo‘lmay, Rezerford modeli buni tushuntirib berolmadi.
Daniyalik fizik olim N. Bor nazariyasiga ko‘ra elektron energiyani kvantlar (kichik
qismlar) ga bo‘lib ajratadi, deb taxmin qilgan. Bu nazariyaga ko‘ra electron yadro
atrofida ma’lum bir masofada, ma’lum orbita bo‘ylab harakatlanadi.
Fazoning elektron mavjud bo‘lishi mumkinligi 90% ni tashkil qilgan qismi atom
orbitali deb nomlanadi. Demak, elektron yadro atrofidagi orbita bo‘ylab
aylanmay, yadro atrofidagi fazoning uch o‘lchamli qismi – atom orbitalda
joylashadi (orbitalni orbita tushunchasidan farqlash zarur). Atomni tasavvur
qilganda elektron bulutlar bilan o‘ralgan yadro sifatida tasavvur qilish kerak. Bu
bulutlar shakli turlicha: sfera (shar) shaklidagisi s-orbital, gantel shaklidagisi –
p-orbital, ikkita tutashgan gantel – d-orbital, uchta tutashgan gantel – f-orbital
deyiladi.
Atomga energiya berilganda uning elektroni yuqoriroq energetik darajaga
ko‘chishi
mumkin. Bu holat elektron uchun “qo‘zg‘algan” holat deyiladi.
Atom energiyani
yutishi yoki ajratishi faqat elektron bir orbitadan boshqa orbitaga o‘tishidagina
kuzatiladi.
“Dioganal” metodi - Boshqarmasi

9
Ushbu metodda berilgan tushunchalardan foydalanib so‘ralgan ma’lumotlar
topiladi
Massa
?
80 gr
49 gr
62,5 gr
Zichlik
1,2 g/ml
?
1,15 g/ml
1,25 g/ml
Hajm
177,5 ml
300 ml
?
200 ml
C %
40 %
23,8 %
26,63 %
?
“Assessment” metodi
“Assesment” inglizcha “assessment” so‘zidan olingan bo‘lib, “baho”, “baholash”
ma’nolarini bildiradi. Bu metod asosan quyidagi
uch maqsadga xizmat qiladi:
O‘quvchilarning bilim, ko‘nikma
va malakalarini har tomonlama, xolis
baholash;
O‘quvchilarning
bilim,
ko‘nikma
va
malakalarini
rivojlantirish
imkoniyatlarini aniqlash;
O‘quvchilarning bilim, ko‘nikma va malakalarini
rivojlantirishga xizmat
qiladi;
Savollar: eritma tarkibi
qanday komponentlardan
iborat? (eruvchi va
erituvchi)
Aniqlik kiritish: Suyuq
modda
doimo erituvchi
bo‘ladi. 2 ta suyuqlik bo‘lsa
miqdori ko‘pi erituvchi
bo‘ladi
Amaliy ko‘nikma
Simptomlari:
eritma
to‘yingan, to‘yinmagan
suyultirilgan
Xulosa: Eritmalarni
tirik
organizmlardagi ahamiyati:
NaCl ning 0,9 % li eritmasi
fiziologik eritma
hisoblanadi....!
10
1-MAVZU:
Atom tarkibidagi elektronlarning pog‘ona va pog‘onachalarga
joylashishi. Elektron (s, p, d elementlar misolida)
Darsning maqsadi:
a) Ta’limiy:
8-9-sinflarda kimyoviy elementlarning atom tuzilishi bo‘yicha olingan
bilimlarni umumlashtirish. S,p,d-elementlar atom tuzilishidagi o‘xshashlik va
farqlarni tahlil qilish. Elementlarning turli valentliklar namoyish etish hodisasini
electron ko‘chish hodisasi orqali izohlash.
IXK1- Kimyoviy tushuncha va
atamalarni
tushinish-
Anorganik
kimyo
kursining
asosiy
qonuniyatlari,
nazariyalari va element atomlarining tuzilishi va xossalariga oid bilimlarni biladi,
tushunadi va tushuntira oladi;
b) Tarbiyaviy:
Olingan bilimlarni takrorlash orqali xotirani chiniqtirish.
Elektron
konfiguratsiyalarni tartib bilan yozishga o‘rgatish orqali estetik tarbiya berish.
TK2-
Axborotlar bilan ishlash kompetensiyasi-
media
manbalardan zarur
ma’lumotlarni izlab topa olish. Axborot xavfsizliiga e’tibor berishga o‘rgatish.
o‘rganilgan bilimlar asosida hisoblashlarni bilish.
c) Rivojlantiruvchi:
Atom tuzilishi yuzasidan bilimlarni rivojlantirish.
TK3-
O‘zini-o‘zi rivojlantirish kompetensiyasi-
kimyo bo‘yicha
bilimlarni mustaqil
ravishda oshirib borish.
Dars turi:
yangi bilim beruvchi
Dars uslubi:
suhbat, munozara, test, elektron videorolik namoyishi
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology - bet 9

|
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology
|
bet | 9/13 | Sana | 27.01.2024 | Hajmi | 140,26 Kb. | | #146999 |
Bog'liq Lecture 1 Masalan 1724 yilda qo’rg’oshin yuzasiga qizdirib yopishtirilgan kukunlarning mustaxkamligini topishi bo’yicha maqola chop etilgan. 1739 yilda kukunlarni ishlab chiqarishning mexanikaviy usullaridan birining texnologiyasi batafsil chop etilgan. Kukun metallurgiyasi usulida ishab chiqarilgan va ommaga taqdim etilgan birinchi material bu platina kukunidan yasalgan medalyon bo’lgan. Uni Rossiyaning paytaxti bo’lmish S.-Peterburgdagi tangalar uyinig proffessori P.S. Soblevskiy tamonidan ishlab chiqarilgan edi. Bu tanga kimyoviy qayta tiklash usuli bilan olingan platina kukunlarini sovuq xolda presslash va uni platinanig erish temperaturasidan past temperaturada qizdirib pishirish yo’li bilan olgan. Bu shu paytda unchalik katta axamiyatga ega bo’lmasada 1909 yilda juda kerakli texnologiya ekanligi ma’lum bo’lib qoldi, chunki inson tomonidan elektr chirog’i o’ylab topilgan edi. Elektr chirog’idagi eng asosiy yorug’lik chiqaruvchi simi volframdan bo’lishligi talab etilgan edi, uning erish temperaturasi 3380 oC. Bu shu paytda unchalik katta axamiyatga ega bo’lmasada 1909 yilda juda kerakli texnologiya ekanligi ma’lum bo’lib qoldi, chunki inson tomonidan elektr chirog’i o’ylab topilgan edi. Elektr chirog’idagi eng asosiy yorug’lik chiqaruvchi simi volframdan bo’lishligi talab etilgan edi, uning erish temperaturasi 3380 oC. Agar simlar temirdan bo’lsa unda 150 v kuchlanishda qizishdan yorug’liki xira bo’lib ko’zni og’ritadigan bo’ladi, kuchlanish 220 v gacha ko’tarilsa temirni o’zi 1500 oC qizib erib ketadi Shuning uchun elektr chiroqda 2 xil metaldan foydalanilgan. 1- Volfram 3380 0C – yorug’lik chiqarish uchun 2 – Molibden, volfram simini ushlab turishi uchun uning erish temperaturasi 2620 oC – natijada 220-250 v kuchlanishda ishlaydigan chiroq ishlab chiqildi. [3-5] Ma’lum sabablarga ko’ra volfram metalini mutloqo suyuq xolatga keltirish uchun 4000 oC xaroratni olish ishlab chiqarish miqyosida iloji yo’q edi. Valframdan sim ishlab chiqarish uchun o’sha Sobolevskiy tamondan ishlab chiqilgan texnologiyadan faydalanishga to’g’ri keldi:
|
|
Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology
|
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology - bet 3

|
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology
|
bet | 3/13 | Sana | 27.01.2024 | Hajmi | 140,26 Kb. | | #146999 |
Bog'liq Lecture 1 Buni natijasida turli sharoitlarda ishlay oladigan g’ovak materiallar klassifikatsiyasi paydo bo’ldi. Bunday materiallarga filtrlar, tovush, issiqlik izolyasalovchi materiallar misol bo’la oladi. Avio va kosmos texnikasining rivojlanishiga o’zining salmoqli xisasini qo’shgan kukun metallurgiyasining metodlari bo’yicha xozirgi kunda ishab chiqariladigan konstruksion materiallarning 45% maxsus materiallarning 90% kukun metallurgiyasining metodlari asosida ishlab chiqarilmoqda. [2-5] - Buni natijasida turli sharoitlarda ishlay oladigan g’ovak materiallar klassifikatsiyasi paydo bo’ldi. Bunday materiallarga filtrlar, tovush, issiqlik izolyasalovchi materiallar misol bo’la oladi. Avio va kosmos texnikasining rivojlanishiga o’zining salmoqli xisasini qo’shgan kukun metallurgiyasining metodlari bo’yicha xozirgi kunda ishab chiqariladigan konstruksion materiallarning 45% maxsus materiallarning 90% kukun metallurgiyasining metodlari asosida ishlab chiqarilmoqda. [2-5]
- Kukun metallurgiyasining rivojlanishi natijasida metall va qotishmalarni kimyoviy tarkibini misli ko’rinmagan tarzda toza qilib bug’lab chiqarish imkoni tug’ildi.
Xozirgi paytda ishlab chiqariladigan temir kukuning tozaligi 99,9999% tashkil etsa kremniy ishlab chiqarishda 99,999999% toza elementlar ishlab chiqarish imkoni tug’ildi. Xozirgi paytda ishlab chiqariladigan temir kukuning tozaligi 99,9999% tashkil etsa kremniy ishlab chiqarishda 99,999999% toza elementlar ishlab chiqarish imkoni tug’ildi. 1.2. Kukun materiallar haqida umumiy tushunchalar. Agar material ma’lum o’lchamlargacha maydalangandan keyin o’z fizika-kimyoviy xossalarini o’zgartirsa unga shu materialning kukuni deyiladi. Butun maydalanmagan yoki yirik maydalangan materialdan farqli o’laroq kukun materiallarda fizika-kimyoviy jarayonlar tezroq va jadalroq sodir bo’ladi. Misol: butun maydalanmagan temir erish temperaturasi 1539 - 1550 oC tashkil etsa uning kukuni 1350 - 1400 oC da eriydi. Agar kukun zarracha o’lchamlari yana kichraytirilsa u yana pastroq 1250-1300 oC da erishni boshlab yuboradi. [1-5] Ammo shuni aytib o’tish keraki fakat erish temperaturasiga qarab kukunmateriali degan ma‘lumotni ilgani surib bo’lmaydi, chunki aluminiy kukunlari juda mayda xolatda xam o’z erish temperaturalarini o’zgartirmasdan qoladi.
|
|
Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology
|
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology - bet 6

|
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology
|
bet | 6/13 | Sana | 27.01.2024 | Hajmi | 140,26 Kb. | | #146999 |
Bog'liq Lecture 1 Kukunlarning bunday zarracha bo’yicha bo’linishi bejiz emas albatta, chunki kukuning zarracha shakli undan u yoki bu materiallarni ishlab chiqarishda muxim axamiyat kasb etadi. Kukun materiallari zarracha o’lchamiga ko’ra quyidagi asosiy turlarga: nano kukunli, o’rta mayda kukunlar, o’rta va yirik zarrachali kukunlarga bo’linadi. Kukun zarrachasining o’lchami kichrayishi bilan uning barcha xossalari o’zgara boradi. Aksariyat materiallar o’z fizika-kimyoviy xossalarini kukun zarracha o’lchami 0,5 – 1 mm gacha maydalangandan keyin o’zgartiradi. Shundan kelib chiqgan xolda kukun materiali deb zarracha o’lchamlari 0,5 - 1 mm dan kichik bo’lgan materialga aytiladi. Kukun materialning fizikaviy xossalari juda muxim bo’lib ular kukun materiallardan u yoki bu yangi materiallarni ishlab chiqarishda texnologik parametarlarni belgilab beradi. Fizikaviy xossalari ichida muxim axamiyatga ega bo’lgan kattalikga kukun zarrachasining yuza xolati katta axamiyat kasb etadi. Ko’pchilik kukunlarning xajmiga nisbatan yuza birligi juda katta bo’lib unga juda yuqori aktivlik beradi. Bunday zarrachaga ega bo’lgan kukunlar yuqori gaz yutish qobiliyatiga ega. Masalan xajmi 1:l bo’lgan idishga katta bosim ostida 10 – 15 l kislorod joylashtirish mumkin deb faraz qilaylik. Agar shuncha xajmli yuza birligi katta zarrachalardan tashkil topgan kukunga kislorod berilsa u oddiy atmosfera bosimida 20 – 25 l kislorodni yutish xossasiga ega bo’lar ekan. - Kukun materialning fizikaviy xossalari juda muxim bo’lib ular kukun materiallardan u yoki bu yangi materiallarni ishlab chiqarishda texnologik parametarlarni belgilab beradi. Fizikaviy xossalari ichida muxim axamiyatga ega bo’lgan kattalikga kukun zarrachasining yuza xolati katta axamiyat kasb etadi. Ko’pchilik kukunlarning xajmiga nisbatan yuza birligi juda katta bo’lib unga juda yuqori aktivlik beradi. Bunday zarrachaga ega bo’lgan kukunlar yuqori gaz yutish qobiliyatiga ega. Masalan xajmi 1:l bo’lgan idishga katta bosim ostida 10 – 15 l kislorod joylashtirish mumkin deb faraz qilaylik. Agar shuncha xajmli yuza birligi katta zarrachalardan tashkil topgan kukunga kislorod berilsa u oddiy atmosfera bosimida 20 – 25 l kislorodni yutish xossasiga ega bo’lar ekan.
|
|
Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology
|
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology - bet 5

|
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology
|
bet | 5/13 | Sana | 27.01.2024 | Hajmi | 140,26 Kb. | | #146999 |
Bog'liq Lecture 1Kukun materiallar fizikaviy xossasiga ko’ra quyidagi asosiy guruxlarga bo’linadi: kukun zarracha shakliga ko’ra – sferasimon yoki shunday geometrik o’lchamga juda yaqin zarrachalardan tashkil topgan kukun materiallari, qirrasimon, yassi plastinkasimon va g’ovaksimon kukun material turlariga bo’linadi. Kukunlar shakliga ko’ra xossalarining turlarga bo’linishi bir necha funksiyalari ham hisobga olgan holda ajratiladi. Masalan kukunli texnologiya asosida olingan detallar o’tkazuvchangi: elektr o’tkazuvchanlik, issiqlik o’tkazuvchanlik va h.k. - Kukun materiallar fizikaviy xossasiga ko’ra quyidagi asosiy guruxlarga bo’linadi: kukun zarracha shakliga ko’ra – sferasimon yoki shunday geometrik o’lchamga juda yaqin zarrachalardan tashkil topgan kukun materiallari, qirrasimon, yassi plastinkasimon va g’ovaksimon kukun material turlariga bo’linadi. Kukunlar shakliga ko’ra xossalarining turlarga bo’linishi bir necha funksiyalari ham hisobga olgan holda ajratiladi. Masalan kukunli texnologiya asosida olingan detallar o’tkazuvchangi: elektr o’tkazuvchanlik, issiqlik o’tkazuvchanlik va h.k.
- Kukun materiallarning fizikaviy xossasiga ko’ra guruxlanishi 2-rasmda keltirilgan. Bunday guruxlanishda kukunning fizikaviy xolati asos qilib olingan.
Kukun materiallar fizikaviy xossasiga ko’ra
Kukun zarracha shakliga ko’ra
Kukun zarracha o’chamiga ko’ra
Kukun zarracha strukturasiga ko’ra
Kukun zarracha yuza o’lchamigaga ko’ra
yassisimon
G’ovaksimon
sferasimon
qirrasimon
100-10 n
Nano
0,25-1 mkm
Ultra mayda
1-5 mkm
Mayda
5-40 mkm
O’rta
50-500 mkm
Yirik
Normal strukturali
Buzilgan strukturali
1. Yuza maydoni hajmiga teng.
2. Yuza maydoni hajmidan ko’p
3. Yuzasi nosilliq
4. Yuzasi silliq kukunlar
2- rasm
Kukunlarning bunday zarracha bo’yicha bo’linishi bejiz emas albatta, chunki kukuning zarracha shakli undan u yoki bu materiallarni ishlab chiqarishda muxim axamiyat kasb etadi. Kukun materiallari zarracha o’lchamiga ko’ra quyidagi asosiy turlarga: nano kukunli, o’rta mayda kukunlar, o’rta va yirik zarrachali kukunlarga bo’linadi. Kukun zarrachasining o’lchami kichrayishi bilan uning barcha xossalari o’zgara boradi. Aksariyat materiallar o’z fizika-kimyoviy xossalarini kukun zarracha o’lchami 0,5 – 1 mm gacha maydalangandan keyin o’zgartiradi. Shundan kelib chiqgan xolda kukun materiali deb zarracha o’lchamlari 0,5 - 1 mm dan kichik bo’lgan materialga aytiladi.
|
|
Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology
|
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology - bet 2

|
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology
|
bet | 2/13 | Sana | 27.01.2024 | Hajmi | 140,26 Kb. | | #146999 |
Bog'liq Lecture 1 XX asr o’rtalarigacha kukun metallurgiyasi faqat laborotoriya sharoitda faoliyat ko’rsatib kelgan, lekin o’tgan asrning 40 – 50 yillarida kukun metallurgiyasi bu yangi materiallarni yaratishdagi asosiy metodlardan biri ekanligi materialshunos olimlarning ko’p yillik izlanishlar samarasi natijasida ishlab chiqarishga tadbiq etila boshlandi. Kukun metallurgiyasining asosiy yutuqlaridan: metall yoki qotishmalarning erish temperaturasidan qat’iy nazar ulardan xalq xo’jaligida foydalaniladigan maxsus yoki konstruksion xossalarga ega bo’lgan materiallarni ishlab chiqarish imkoni tugildi. Bundan tashqari bir-birida mutloqo erimaydigan suyuq xolda aralashmaydigan turli elementlardan materiallar olish imkonini berdi. Konstruksion materiallar tarkibida, mexanik xossalar uchun zararli deb qaralgan ko’p elementlar endilikda yuqori maxsus xossalarga eltuvchi imkon bo’lib chiqdi. Masalan po’lat tarkibidagi oltingugurt an-anaviy usulda ishlab chiqarilgan konstruksion materiallar uchun zaxar vazifasini o’tasa kukun metallurgiyasida oltingugurt antifriksion xossalarga eltuvchi asosiy elementlarda biri bo’lib chiqdi. Kukun metallurgiyasini rivojlanishi natijasida an-anaviy usullarda ishlab chiqarishni mutloqo imkoni yo’q materiallarni ishlab chiqarish imkoni tug’ildi. Bunday materiallarga eng avvalo g’ovak materiallar turkimi kiradi. Kukun metallurgiyasining usullari kukun materiallaridan istalgan g’ovaklikga ega bo’lgan materiallar ishlab chiqarish imkonini berdi. - Konstruksion materiallar tarkibida, mexanik xossalar uchun zararli deb qaralgan ko’p elementlar endilikda yuqori maxsus xossalarga eltuvchi imkon bo’lib chiqdi. Masalan po’lat tarkibidagi oltingugurt an-anaviy usulda ishlab chiqarilgan konstruksion materiallar uchun zaxar vazifasini o’tasa kukun metallurgiyasida oltingugurt antifriksion xossalarga eltuvchi asosiy elementlarda biri bo’lib chiqdi. Kukun metallurgiyasini rivojlanishi natijasida an-anaviy usullarda ishlab chiqarishni mutloqo imkoni yo’q materiallarni ishlab chiqarish imkoni tug’ildi. Bunday materiallarga eng avvalo g’ovak materiallar turkimi kiradi. Kukun metallurgiyasining usullari kukun materiallaridan istalgan g’ovaklikga ega bo’lgan materiallar ishlab chiqarish imkonini berdi.
|
|
Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology
|
Kukun metallurgiyasining rivojlanishi tarixi

|
Kukun metallurgiyasining rivojlanishi tarixi
|
bet | 7/13 | Sana | 27.01.2024 | Hajmi | 140,26 Kb. | | #146999 |
Bog'liq Lecture 1 - 1.3. Kukun metallurgiyasining rivojlanishi tarixi
- Umuman olganda kukun metallurgiyasining usullari dunyodagi eng qadimiy materiallar ishlab chiqarish usullaridan xisoblanadi. Masalan temir rudalarni maydalab uni ko’mir kukunlari bilan aralashtirib temir kukunlarni ishlab chiqarish eramizdan avvalgi zamonlardan ma’lum bo’lgan. Kukun metallurgiya usuliga tegishli bo’lgan qadimiy manbalar eramizdan avvalga 3000 yillarga to’g’ri kelib bunda Misrda topilgan temir asosli rudalarning strukturasini o’rganish jarayonida aniqlangan. Bundan tashqari xuddi shu usulda qadimiy Xitoyda buddalarning xaykallari yasalgan.
Bu borada olimlarning fikricha keramik materiallar ishlab chiqarishi jarayoni xuddi kukun metalurgiyasining jarayoni kabi bo’lgani uchun, keramik materiallar ishlab chiqarishda giltuproqdan foydalanilgan bo’lsa, shu paytlarda uni o’rnini metall kukunlari bilan almashtirishga urinishlar bo’lgan deb xisoblashadi. O’rta osiyo xududlarida qadimiy Xorazm yerlarida topilgan mexnat qurollari eramizdan avvalgi 2000 yillarga tegishli bo’lib uning strukturasini o’rganishda aynan temir kukunlaridan ishlab chiqarilgani aniq bo’lgan. Bu topilgan mexnat qurollarni ishlab chiqarish olimlarning fikriga ko’ra quyidagi bosqichlarda bo’lgan: temir rudasi yaxshilab maydalangan va uni yog’ochko’mir bilan aralashtirilgan, aralashma maxsus qozonlarda qizdirilgan, buni natijasida juda toza mayda temir kukunlari xosil bo’lgan. Bu borada olimlarning fikricha keramik materiallar ishlab chiqarishi jarayoni xuddi kukun metalurgiyasining jarayoni kabi bo’lgani uchun, keramik materiallar ishlab chiqarishda giltuproqdan foydalanilgan bo’lsa, shu paytlarda uni o’rnini metall kukunlari bilan almashtirishga urinishlar bo’lgan deb xisoblashadi. O’rta osiyo xududlarida qadimiy Xorazm yerlarida topilgan mexnat qurollari eramizdan avvalgi 2000 yillarga tegishli bo’lib uning strukturasini o’rganishda aynan temir kukunlaridan ishlab chiqarilgani aniq bo’lgan. Bu topilgan mexnat qurollarni ishlab chiqarish olimlarning fikriga ko’ra quyidagi bosqichlarda bo’lgan: temir rudasi yaxshilab maydalangan va uni yog’ochko’mir bilan aralashtirilgan, aralashma maxsus qozonlarda qizdirilgan, buni natijasida juda toza mayda temir kukunlari xosil bo’lgan.
|
| |
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology - bet 8

|
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology
|
bet | 8/13 | Sana | 27.01.2024 | Hajmi | 140,26 Kb. | | #146999 |
Bog'liq Lecture 1 Bu temir kukunlar bolg’alanib ishlov berilgan va shu bilan undan turli mexnat qurollari ishlab chiqarilgan. Kukun metallurgiyasini eramizdan avvalgi yillardayoq rivojlanganini ko’rsatuvchi asosiy dalillarga dunyoning turli burchaklaridan topilgan oltin, kumush va shunga o’xshagan qimmatbaxo buyumlardan xam topish mumkin. Kukun metallurgiyasi o’rta asrlarda xam ayrim olimlarga tamonidan qo’llanilgan. Masalan X asrlarda Erklius oltin kukunlarni ishlab chiqarish texnologiyasini batafsil yozib qoldirgan, uning ukasi Teofilus esa oltin kukunini ishlab chiqaruvchi tegirmon konstruksiyasi bo’yicha batafsil ma’lumotlarni qoldirgan. XIX asrning boshlaridan boshlab kukun metallurgiyasiga tegishli ilmiy maqolalar chiqa boshlangan. Bu temir kukunlar bolg’alanib ishlov berilgan va shu bilan undan turli mexnat qurollari ishlab chiqarilgan. Kukun metallurgiyasini eramizdan avvalgi yillardayoq rivojlanganini ko’rsatuvchi asosiy dalillarga dunyoning turli burchaklaridan topilgan oltin, kumush va shunga o’xshagan qimmatbaxo buyumlardan xam topish mumkin. Kukun metallurgiyasi o’rta asrlarda xam ayrim olimlarga tamonidan qo’llanilgan. Masalan X asrlarda Erklius oltin kukunlarni ishlab chiqarish texnologiyasini batafsil yozib qoldirgan, uning ukasi Teofilus esa oltin kukunini ishlab chiqaruvchi tegirmon konstruksiyasi bo’yicha batafsil ma’lumotlarni qoldirgan. XIX asrning boshlaridan boshlab kukun metallurgiyasiga tegishli ilmiy maqolalar chiqa boshlangan. Masalan 1724 yilda qo’rg’oshin yuzasiga qizdirib yopishtirilgan kukunlarning mustaxkamligini topishi bo’yicha maqola chop etilgan. 1739 yilda kukunlarni ishlab chiqarishning mexanikaviy usullaridan birining texnologiyasi batafsil chop etilgan. Kukun metallurgiyasi usulida ishab chiqarilgan va ommaga taqdim etilgan birinchi material bu platina kukunidan yasalgan medalyon bo’lgan. Uni Rossiyaning paytaxti bo’lmish S.-Peterburgdagi tangalar uyinig proffessori P.S. Soblevskiy tamonidan ishlab chiqarilgan edi. Bu tanga kimyoviy qayta tiklash usuli bilan olingan platina kukunlarini sovuq xolda presslash va uni platinanig erish temperaturasidan past temperaturada qizdirib pishirish yo’li bilan olgan.
|
|
Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
Lecture №1. The purpose, tasks and the current state of the science of composite powder materials production technology
|
Qurilish kompazitsion polimer turlari pptx

Qurilish kompazitsion polimer turlari pptx
Download
0,79 Mb.
Matnni ko'rish
bet
1/3
Sana
17.05.2024
Hajmi
0,79 Mb.
#239599
Download
0,79 Mb.
Matnni ko'rish
Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
Dərs
Mühazirə
Qaydalar
Referat
Xülasə
Yazı
Qurilish kompazitsion polimer turlari pptx
Download
0,79 Mb.
Matnni ko'rish
PyCharm - mainly for the python programming language;
PyCharm is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE

|
PyCharm - mainly for the python programming language;
PyCharm is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE
|
bet | 6/12 | Sana | 23.12.2023 | Hajmi | 34,22 Kb. | | #127567 |
Bog'liq IDEs5.PyCharm - mainly for the python programming language;
PyCharm is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) developed by JetBrains, specifically designed for Python development. It provides a comprehensive set of tools and features to facilitate the coding, testing, debugging, and deployment processes for Python applications. Here are some key features of PyCharm:
1) Code Editor:
- A powerful and intelligent code editor with syntax highlighting, code completion, and automatic code formatting for Python.
2) Intelligent Code Assistance:
- Smart code completion that suggests variable names, functions, and methods based on context.
- Code navigation features for quick access to classes, files, and symbols.
3) Django and Web Frameworks Support:
- Dedicated support for Django and various web frameworks, simplifying web development in Python.
4) Debugging Tools:
- Built-in debugger with support for breakpoints, watches, and real-time code analysis to identify and fix issues.
5) Testing Framework Integration:
- Integration with popular testing frameworks like PyTest and unittest for efficient code testing.
6) Version Control Integration:
- Integration with version control systems such as Git, Mercurial, and others.
- Visual representation of changes and seamless collaboration with team members.
7) Database Tools:
- Tools for interacting with databases, including code completion for SQL queries and database schema management.
8) Web Development Support:
- Support for HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, providing a full-stack development environment.
9) Scientific Tools:
- Integration with scientific tools and libraries, making it suitable for data science and scientific computing.
10) Virtual Environments:
- Support for creating and managing virtual environments, allowing developers to isolate project dependencies.
|
| |
Zbekiston ekologik partiyasidan xalq deputatlari toshkent shaxar kengashi deputatligiga nomzod etib

O‘ZBEKISTON EKOLOGIK PARTIYASIDAN XALQ DEPUTATLARI
TOSHKENT SHAXAR KENGASHI DEPUTATLIGIGA NOMZOD ETIB
KO‘RSATILGAN
SOBIROV O‘LMAS ALIQULOVICH
Sobirov O‘lmas Aliqulovich 1968
yilda Qashqadaryo viloyati, Kitob
tumanida tug‘ilgan.
Millati – o‘zbek.
Ma’lumoti – oliy. 1995 yilda Toshkent davlat universitetini tamomlagan.
Ixtisosligi – biolog.
Oilali. Uch nafar farzandi bor.
Mehnat faoliyatini 1985–1986 yillarda Qashqadaryo viloyat “Abu
Ali Ibn-
Sino” nomli davolash maskani xizmatchisi vazifasidan boshlagan.
1996 - 2016 yillarda Tabiatni muhofaza qilish davlat qo‘mitasining bo‘lim
boshlig‘i hamda inspeksiya boshlig‘i lavozimlarida faoliyat yuritdi.
2016-2018 yillarda O‘rmon xo‘jaligi davlat qo‘mitasini tashkil etishda bevosita
ishtirok etib, “O‘rmon qonunchiligi talablari ijrosini nazorat qilish boshqarmasi”
boshlig‘i lavozimida faoliyat yuritgan.
2018-2019 yillarda O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Ekologiya va atrof-muhitni
muhofaza qilish davlat qo‘mitasi - “Bioxilmaxillik va
muhofaza etiladigan tabiiy
hududlar masalalari bo‘yicha boshqarma” boshlig‘i.
2020-2022 yillarda “Atrof muhit ifloslanishini muvofiqlashtirish va
monitoring qilish boshqarma” boshlig‘i lavozimlarida hamda 2022 yil 13 oktabrdan
O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Tabiat resurslari vazirligi – “Atrof
muhit va tabiatni
muhofaza qilish texnologiyalari ilmiy-tadqiqot instituti Ekotizim xizmatlari va
normativ hujjatlarni ishlab chiqish bo‘limi” boshlig‘i, 2023 yil 13
apreldan
O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Ekologiya, atrof – muhitni
muhofaza qilish va iqlim
o‘zgarishi vazirligi Yashil makon umumilliy loyihasini tashkillashtirish va
monitoring boshqarmasi bosh mutaxassisi lavozimida ishlab kelmoqda.
2009 yili O‘zbekiston Respublikasining “Shuhrat”
medali davlat mukofoti
bilan taqdirlangan.
Sobirov O‘lmas Aliqulovich O‘zbekiston Ekologik partiyasining
dasturida ilgari surilgan maqsadlardan kelib chiqib, o‘zining saylovoldi
dasturida quyidagi ustuvor vazifalarning amalga oshirilishini muhim deb
hisoblaydi:
Aholiga qulay atrof-muhitga ega bo‘lish huquqini himoya qilish;
Aholini toza va sifatli ichimlik suvi bilan ta’minlanish darajasini yaxshilash;
Oqava suv tarmoqlarini tozalash usullarini rivojlantirish va samaradorligini
oshirish;
Suv havzalari va kanallarni ifloslantirishga qarshi
kurashish va ularning
sanitariya himoya zonalarini himoya qilinishini ta’minlash;
Mahallalarda mavjud chiqindi tashlash shaxobchalarini talab darajasiga
keltirish;
Ta’lim tizimida ekologik ta’lim-tarbiya jarayonini samarali tashkil etish;
“Yashil iqtisodiyot”ni rivojlantirish orqali yangi ish o‘rinlarini yaratish;
Aholiga ko‘rsatilayotgan tibbiy xizmat sifatini oshirish;
Yoshlar, xotin-qizlarning ekologik muhitni rivojlantirishdagi faol ishtirokini
tashkil etish;
Ekologik toza oziq-ovqat mahsulotlari ishlab chiqarishni kengaytirish;
Shaharda keng ko‘lamda ko‘kalamzorlashtirish ishlarini amalga oshirish.
Sobirov O‘lmas Aliqulovich 53-Turkiston
saylov okrugidan Xalq deputatlari
Toshkent shahar Kengashi deputatligiga
nomzod etib ro‘yxatga olingan.
) Language Support:
- Support for multiple programming languages, including C#, C++, Visual Basic, F#, Python, and more.
3)

|
) Language Support:
- Support for multiple programming languages, including C#, C++, Visual Basic, F#, Python, and more.
3)
|
bet | 3/12 | Sana | 23.12.2023 | Hajmi | 34,22 Kb. | | #127567 |
Bog'liq IDEs2) Language Support:
- Support for multiple programming languages, including C#, C++, Visual Basic, F#, Python, and more.
3) Debugging Tools:
- Advanced debugging tools for locating and fixing errors in code.
- Integrated support for breakpoints, watch windows, and real-time code analysis.
4) Integrated Git Version Control:
- Built-in Git version control for managing source code repositories directly within the IDE.
- Visual representation of changes and history tracking.
5) Code Navigation and Refactoring:
- Powerful code navigation features for quick access to classes, methods, and files.
- Code refactoring tools for improving code structure and maintainability.
6) Extensibility:
- Extensible architecture with a rich ecosystem of extensions and plugins available through the Visual Studio Marketplace.
7) Integrated Development for Web and Cloud:
- Tools for web development, including support for HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
- Cloud development features for creating and deploying applications to cloud services like Azure.
8) Desktop and Mobile Development:
- Support for desktop application development using technologies like Windows Forms and WPF.
- Mobile app development for platforms such as Android and iOS using Xamarin.
9) Artificial Intelligence (AI) Integration:
- Integration of AI services and tools for adding AI capabilities to applications.
10) Performance and Profiling Tools:
- Performance profiling tools for optimizing application performance and identifying bottlenecks.
11) Collaboration and Team Services:
- Integration with Azure DevOps for collaboration, version control, and continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) pipelines.
12) Azure Integration:
- Seamless integration with Microsoft Azure for developing, testing, and deploying cloud applications.
13) Code Analysis and Testing:
- Code analysis features for identifying and fixing code issues.
- Integration with testing frameworks for unit testing and code quality assurance.
14) Community and Enterprise Editions:
- Visual Studio is available in both Community (free) and Enterprise editions, catering to individual developers and large development teams.
Visual Studio provides a robust and feature-rich environment for developers working on a wide range of projects, and its continuous updates reflect Microsoft's commitment to supporting the latest technologies in the software development landscape.
|
|
Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
) Language Support:
- Support for multiple programming languages, including C#, C++, Visual Basic, F#, Python, and more.
3)
|
) Code Editor:
- A feature-rich code editor with syntax highlighting, code completion, and automatic indentation for PHP.
2)

|
) Code Editor:
- A feature-rich code editor with syntax highlighting, code completion, and automatic indentation for PHP.
2)
|
bet | 5/12 | Sana | 23.12.2023 | Hajmi | 34,22 Kb. | | #127567 |
Bog'liq IDEs1) Code Editor:
- A feature-rich code editor with syntax highlighting, code completion, and automatic indentation for PHP.
2) Debugger:
- Built-in debugger for identifying and resolving issues in PHP code, allowing developers to step through code execution.
3) HTML, CSS, and JavaScript Support:
- Tools for editing and debugging HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, providing a complete web development environment.
4) Version Control Integration:
- Integration with version control systems such as Git for managing source code changes.
5) Database Connectivity:
- Support for connecting and interacting with databases, making it easier to work with database-driven PHP applications.
6) Project Management:
- Tools for managing and organizing PHP projects, including features for file navigation and project structuring.
7) Code Navigation and Exploration:
- Quick navigation through code, with features like "go to definition" and "find references" for efficient code exploration.
8) Code Snippets:
- Library of code snippets and templates to expedite common coding tasks and improve productivity.
9) Syntax Checking and Error Highlighting:
- Real-time syntax checking and error highlighting to catch and correct issues as you code.
10) Integrated Development for Web:
- Support for web development with features like live preview, making it easier to see changes in real-time.
11) Customization:
- Customizable interface and settings to tailor the IDE to individual preferences.
12) FTP/SFTP Support:
- Integration with FTP and SFTP for seamless file transfer and management between local and remote servers.
PHPDesigner aims to streamline the PHP development workflow by providing a dedicated environment with specialized tools for PHP developers. It's designed to enhance coding efficiency and provide a smooth development experience for PHP-based projects.
|
|
Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
) Code Editor:
- A feature-rich code editor with syntax highlighting, code completion, and automatic indentation for PHP.
2)
|
Kompozit materiallar asosan 3 turga bo‘linadi (12-shakl)

Kompozit materiallar asosan 3 turga bo‘linadi (12-shakl).
12-shakl
Kompozit material turlari
1. Qatlamli kompozit materiallarda birinchi qatlam mustahkamlikni
ta’minlasa, ikkinchisi korroziyaga qarshilik ko‘rsatadi.
2. Tolali kompozit materiallarda metall asos shisha tolalar va boshqa
materiallar bilan mustahkamlanadi.
3. Dispersiyalangan (zichlangan) kompozit materiallar qiyin eriydigan
zarralar bilan mustahkamlanadi. Kompozit materiallar qanday
tasniflanadi? Kompozit materiallar tasnifi o‘ta murakkab emas. Ular
asosan biz bilgan metall va metallmas materiallardan tuzilgan
bo‘ladi (13-shakl).
13-shakl
Kompozit materiallar tasnif
Metall
kompozit
materiallarning
ishlash
xususiyatlari,
olovbardoshliligi, bikrligi, solishtirma mustahkamligi metall va metall
qotishmalardan ustun turadi.
Polimer kompozit
materiallarning o‘ziga xosligi shundan iboratki,
ularning asosini, ya’ni matritsa vazifasini bajaruvchi har xil polimerlar
(polietilen, polipropilen, polistirol va boshqalar) hosil qilib, bu asos
tola, to‘qima, plyonka, shisha kabi metall va metallmaslar bilan
mustahkamlanadi.
Keramika kompozit
materiallarining tolalar bilan, shuningdek, metall
va keramik dispersiyalangan zarralar bilan mustahkamlash, yuqori kuchli
kompozitlarni olish imkonini beradi.
Uglerodli kompozit materiallari uglerod tolalari va uglerod matritsasi
asosida yaratilgan yuqori issiqlikka chidamli kompozit materiallardir.
Kompozit materiallar, odatda, matritsa tarkibiy qismlariga ko‘ra ham
tasniflanadi. Kompozit materiallarni tasniflash matritsa (bog‘lovchi material)
yoki armatura (mustahkamlovchi) va qo‘shimchalarning turiga asoslanadi
(14-shakl).
Matritsa materiali sifatida metall va uning qotishmalari; polimer; keramika,
shisha va boshqa materiallar ishlatiladi. Ushbu matritsalar ikkita keng tarqalgan
turdagi kompozitlarni hosil qiladi.
Birinchi kompozit material fransuz bog‘boni J.Mone tomonidan 1867-yilda
ishlab chiqilib, patent olingan. U hovli gultuvaklari, sim va sementdan
kompozitsion materiallar tayyorlagan. 1942-yilda samolyot konstruksiyasida
oyna tolasi bilan sinchlangan “armirovan” kompozit material qo‘llanilgan.
Kompozit materiallar mashinasozlik konstruksiyalariga qo‘yilgan quyidagi
talablarga javob berishi kerak (15-shakl)
Bugungi kunda kompozit materiallardan aviatsiya
(masalan: dvigatel, korpus, parrak, haroratbardosh
detallar va boshqalar), kosmonavtika, energetika,
elektrotexnika
va
radiotexnika,
mashinasozlik
(masalan:
avtomobil
kuzovlari,
ishqalanishga
chidamli
tormoz
qurilmalari
va
boshqalar),
kemasozlik, kimyo, konchilik, qurilish (bino va
inshootlarning
fasad
qismlarida
(92-rasm),
to‘qimachilik, yengil va og‘ir sanoatlarda, tibbiyot
asboblari yasashda, qishloq xo‘jaligi, uy-ro‘zg‘or
texnikasi kabi ko‘plab sohalarda foydalaniladi.
92-rasm.
Fasad qismida kompozit materiallardan foydalanilgan zamonaviy
binolar (Toshkent shahri).
|
) Remote Development:
- Tools for remote development and deployment, facilitating collaboration and server-side development.
12)

|
) Remote Development:
- Tools for remote development and deployment, facilitating collaboration and server-side development.
12)
|
bet | 7/12 | Sana | 23.12.2023 | Hajmi | 34,22 Kb. | | #127567 |
Bog'liq IDEs11) Remote Development:
- Tools for remote development and deployment, facilitating collaboration and server-side development.
12) Customization:
- Customizable interface and settings to adapt the IDE to individual preferences.
13) Code Quality Analysis:
- Code analysis tools to identify potential issues and provide suggestions for improvement.
14) Code Refactoring:
- Comprehensive set of code refactoring tools to enhance code maintainability and structure.
15) Project Management:
- Project-wide search, navigation, and management tools for handling complex projects.
PyCharm is widely used by Python developers and is known for its robust features, performance, and continuous updates to align with the evolving Python ecosystem. It offers a user-friendly environment that enhances the productivity of Python developers.
6. Android Studio - programs are created for the android platform.
Android Studio is the official Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for Android app development, and it is developed by Google. It provides a comprehensive set of tools and features to streamline the entire Android app development lifecycle. Here are some key features of Android Studio:
1) Gradle-Based Build System:
- Android Studio uses the Gradle build system, which offers flexibility and scalability for building Android apps.
2) Rich Code Editor:
- A powerful code editor with features like syntax highlighting, code completion, and real-time error checking.
3) Intelligent Code Assistance:
- Smart code completion, code navigation, and quick fixes for common coding issues.
4) Layout Editor:
- WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) layout editor for designing and previewing app layouts visually.
5) Emulator:
- A fast and feature-rich Android Emulator for testing and debugging apps on various Android device configurations.
|
|
Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
) Remote Development:
- Tools for remote development and deployment, facilitating collaboration and server-side development.
12)
|
Sample topics and questions

|
Sample topics and questions
|
bet | 1/28 | Sana | 13.05.2024 | Hajmi | 71,16 Kb. | | #228963 |
Bog'liq Multi-level speaking
Bepul tarqatish uchun!
SAMPLE TOPICS AND QUESTIONS
PART 1
Hometown
Where is your hometown?
What do you like about it?
Were there any changes in your hometown in recent years?
Job / Studies
Do you work or study?
What was your typical day like at work / school?
Is there anything you don’t like about your job / studies?
Family
How many people are there in your immediate family?
Who do you get on best within your family?
What do you do together with your family?
Home
What can you tell me about the place you live in?
Is there anything you would like to change about the place you live in?
Do you plan to live there for a long time?
Weather
What’s your favourite kind of weather?
Is there any type of weather you really don’t like?
What is the climate like in your country?
Transportation
Do you prefer public transportation or private transportation?
What’s the most popular means of transportation in your hometown?
How has public transportation changed in recent years?
School
Do you miss your life at school?
Who was your favorite teacher at school?
Do you still keep in touch with your friends from school?
Bepul tarqatish uchun!
Friends
Do you have a best friend?
How often do you meet with your friends?
What do you spend your time with them?
Lifestyle
What do you do in your free time?
Do you have a busy social life?
Has your life changed much in the last year?
TV
Do you like watching TV?
How often do you watch TV?
What kind of TV programs do you like to watch?
Books
Do you like reading books?
How often do you read?
Do you have many books at home?
Cinema
How often do you go to the cinema?
Are cinema tickets expensive in your country?
What are the advantages of seeing a film at the cinema?
|
| |
) Database Tools:
- Tools for interacting with databases, including code completion for SQL queries and database schema management.
6)

|
) Database Tools:
- Tools for interacting with databases, including code completion for SQL queries and database schema management.
6)
|
bet | 2/12 | Sana | 23.12.2023 | Hajmi | 34,22 Kb. | | #127567 |
Bog'liq IDEs5) Database Tools:
- Tools for interacting with databases, including code completion for SQL queries and database schema management.
6) Version Control Integration:
- Support for version control systems such as Git, Mercurial, and others.
- Visual representation of changes and easy integration with version control workflows.
7) Frameworks and CMS Support:
- Dedicated support for popular PHP frameworks such as Laravel, Symfony, and Yii.
- Integration with Content Management Systems (CMS) like WordPress.
8) Web Development Support:
- Support for HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, providing a full-stack development environment.
- Integration with front-end technologies for a seamless web development experience.
9) Code Analysis and Inspections:
- Code analysis tools to identify potential issues and suggest improvements.
- Quick fixes for common coding problems.
10) Deployment and Remote Development:
- Tools for deploying and managing PHP applications.
- Support for remote development and deployment.
11) Plugins and Extensions:
- Extensibility through a rich ecosystem of plugins and extensions available through the JetBrains Plugin Marketplace.
PHPStorm is widely used by PHP developers and is known for its stability, performance, and continuous updates to adapt to the evolving PHP ecosystem. It provides a feature-rich environment that enhances the productivity of PHP developers.
2.VisualStudio — for .Net developers;
Visual Studio is an integrated development environment (IDE) created by Microsoft. It provides developers with a comprehensive set of tools and services for building various types of applications, including desktop, web, mobile, cloud, and more. Here are some key features of Visual Studio:
1) Code Editor:
- A powerful and feature-rich code editor with syntax highlighting, code completion, and debugging capabilities.
|
|
Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
) Database Tools:
- Tools for interacting with databases, including code completion for SQL queries and database schema management.
6)
|
NetBeans — mainly for java, php programmers;
NetBeans is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE

|
NetBeans — mainly for java, php programmers;
NetBeans is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE
|
bet | 4/12 | Sana | 23.12.2023 | Hajmi | 34,22 Kb. | | #127567 |
Bog'liq IDEs3.NetBeans — mainly for java, php programmers;
NetBeans is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) that is integrated with other tools for Java programming and supports various programming languages for today's software development needs. NetBeans is used for publications, web development, mobile development, and other areas. Some key features of NetBeans include:
1) Java Programming Language:
- NetBeans is particularly well-known as an IDE designed for Java programming.
- Comprehensive integration with Java EE and Java SE platforms.
2) Code Editor:
- Powerful Java code editing capabilities, syntax highlighting, and automatic code completions.
3) GUI Development:
- Support for GUI development with Java Swing and JavaFX.
4) Servers and Testing:
- Integration with servers like Tomcat, GlassFish, WildFly, and others.
- Tools for code testing and debugging.
5) Mobile Development:
- Support for mobile development with Java ME (Micro Edition).
6) Web Development:
- Tools and indicators for HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
7) Web Application Development:
- Integration with tools for PHP, JavaScript, HTML, CSS, and more.
8) Databases and Web Services:
- Integration with databases like MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle.
- Tools for creating RESTful web services.
9) Java EE Projects:
- Support for Enterprise Java projects.
10) Extensibility:
- Extensibility to add custom functionalities.
11) Themes and Plugins:
- Integration with themes and plugins tailored to various needs.
NetBeans allows developers to create a convenient environment for themselves, making it easy to write and check code, develop applications, and work in other areas with ease through its features and archives.
4.PHPDesigner — mainly for web (PHP) programmers;
PHPDesigner is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) specifically designed for PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) development. It provides a set of tools and features tailored to facilitate the coding, testing, and debugging processes for PHP applications. Here are some key features of PHPDesigner:
|
| |
) GPU Debugger:
- Tools for debugging graphics rendering issues using the GPU Debugger.
7)

|
) GPU Debugger:
- Tools for debugging graphics rendering issues using the GPU Debugger.
7)
|
bet | 8/12 | Sana | 23.12.2023 | Hajmi | 34,22 Kb. | | #127567 |
Bog'liq IDEs6) GPU Debugger:
- Tools for debugging graphics rendering issues using the GPU Debugger.
7) Performance Profiler:
- Profiling tools for analyzing and optimizing app performance, including CPU, memory, and network usage.
8) Instant Run:
- Allows developers to see changes in real-time without rebuilding the entire app, speeding up the development cycle.
9) Firebase Integration:
- Integration with Firebase for features like cloud messaging, authentication, and real-time database.
10) Android Jetpack:
- A collection of libraries, tools, and guidance to help developers follow best practices and build high-quality Android apps.
11) App Bundles:
- Support for creating and deploying Android App Bundles, a more efficient way to package and distribute Android apps.
12) Version Control Integration:
- Integration with version control systems such as Git for collaborative development.
13) Test Recorder:
- A test recorder for creating UI tests by interacting with the app in the emulator.
14) C++ and NDK Support:
- Support for developing Android apps with C++ using the Android NDK (Native Development Kit).
15) Google Play Integration:
- Tools for publishing and distributing apps on the Google Play Store.
16) Android Wear and TV Support:
- Tools and emulators for developing apps for Android Wearables and Android TV.
17) Android Auto Development:
- Tools for developing apps compatible with Android Auto in-car systems.
Android Studio provides a robust and feature-rich environment for Android developers, offering the tools necessary to create high-quality and efficient Android applications. It is the recommended IDE for Android app development by Google.
Why is an IDE important?
You can use any text editor to write code. However, most integrated development environments (IDEs) include features beyond text editing. They provide a central interface to common developer tools, making the software development process much more efficient. Developers can quickly start programming new applications instead of manually integrating and configuring different software. Plus, they don't have to learn all the tools and can focus on just one application. Listed below are some reasons why developers use IDEs:
|
| |