A reference for Designing Servers and Peripherals for the Microsoft® Windows nt® Server Operating System Intel Corporation and Microsoft Corporation Publication Date: October 10, 1997 - bet 30

B
BackOffice, Microsoft, 50
backup capabilities
integrated backup solution, 88
tape drives, 79–81, 102, 104
bandwidth
consumption, USB devices, 33
defined, 128
BARs (Base Address Registers)
BAR addresses, 27
closing BAR windows, 27
use of, 31
basic Windows NT servers. See also Enterprise server systems; SOHO servers
accessibility, 18
ACPI compliance, 15–16 (See also ACPI)
BIOS boot support requirements, 20–21
(See also BIOS)
device drivers, 36–37
hardware design, 17–18
HCL compliance testing, 12
OnNow design initiative support, 17–20
benchmark tests, 3
BIOS. See also ACPI
ATAPI recognition, 69
32-bit mode, disabling, 69
boot devices
BIOS support, 20–21
IRQs, configuring, 31
network adapters, 47–48
serial port redirection, 21
boot support requirements, 20–21
defined, 128
Int 13h Extensions, 64
I2O device support, 34–35
logical block addressing (LBA), 69
network adapter support, 21
OnNow design initiative support, 20–21
PCI interrupts, configuring, 31
preboot execution environment, 20
security support, 20
serial ports
configuration, 39
redirection from console, 21
Subsystem and Subsystem Vendor IDs, 29
system ID structure, 20
system startup support, 20–21
update support, 21
USB keyboard support, 21
year 2000+ date support, 12
BIOS ROMs, upgrade support, 21
blacklisted and delayed number clearing in modems, 51
boot devices
BIOS support for, 20–21
IRQs, configuring, 31
network adapters, 47–48
serial port redirection, 21
boot process
boot drive determination, 71
boot time, minimizing, 19
Fast POST, 19, 100
POST (power-on self test), 132
preboot execution environment, 20
bridges
network adapters, 46
PCI-to-PCI bridges, 27
peer bridges, 26
buffers
alignment, network adapters, 46
buffer chaining, 55
receive buffers, 47
bus configuration methods, ACPI compliance, 15
bus enumerator, 128
bus mastering
ATAPI CD-ROM, 70
DVD-ROM devices, 75
host controllers, 64
multiple hard drives, 89
PCI expansion cards, 26
PCI IDE bus master DMA, 70
bus parity signals, 67
buses. See also bus mastering; expansion bus; ISA; PCI; USB
bus parity signals, 67
bus type labeling, 66
I/O bandwidth and bus capacity, 32
resource conflict resolution, 40
serial port bus requirements, 38
byte buffer alignment, 46
C
cables
locking cable connections, 84
plugging in incorrectly, 67
SCSI requirements, 67
USB icon, 33
caches
defined, 128
Error Correction Code (ECC) memory protection, 14
L2 cache, 13, 97, 103
capacity, in server design, 2
CBR connections, 54–55
CD changers, 81
CD-ROM devices
ATAPI CD-ROM, 74
BIOS boot support, 20
bus mastering, 70
CD changer capacity, 74
defined, 128
formats supported, 74
media status notification, 65
multisession support, 74
No Emulation mode (El Torito), 75
PCI IDE-connected CD-ROM devices, 27
CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol), 58
checklist, server requirements, 111–123
CID (CompatibleID), Plug and Play compliance, 24
CIM (Common Information Model), xii
Clarification to Plug and Play BIOS Specification, 24
Clarification to Plug and Play ISA Specification, 22
CLASS description key, 41–42
C2-level operating system security, 85
clock alarm, real-time, 16, 98
closed captioning, 78
clustering, 107–109
COM, defined, 128
command sets
AT command set, 49, 57
DVD-ROM devices, 76
modems, 49–50
Common Information Model (CIM), xii
Compact PCI standard (in development), 32
Compaq, Intel, Phoenix BIOS Boot Specification
boot drive determination, 71
dual asynchronous channels, 69
network adapters boot support, 21
URL, xiii
compatibility mode, 41
compatibility testing
HCL, viii
overview, viii
server cluster configurations, 109
system configurations, 12
CompatibleID, 24
component instrumentation, manageability requirements, 93
computer case, locking, 84, 86
configuration. See also APCI; device configuration;
Plug and Play
configuration space (see PCI Configuration Space)
registers (see PCI Configuration Space)
settings, storing, 36
connection-oriented media, 44
connection ports, 33
connectors
external, 66, 83
icons, 83
IDE/ATAPI controllers, 70
IEEE 1284 specifications, 41
keyed, 70, 83
legacy systems, 83
shielded, 67
shrouded, 70, 83
snap-on, 84
controllers
ATAPI rewritable devices, 64
bus mastering, 64
CD changers, 81
CD-ROM devices, 73–75
dual-channel, 69
DVD-ROM devices, 75–79
erasable disk drives, 72–73
Fibre Channel controllers and peripherals, 72, 102
hard drive performance requirements, 64, 101, 104
host controllers, 16, 33, 64, 65–66, 68, 98, 100
IDE controllers and peripherals, 68–72
Int 13h Extensions, 64
media changers, 81–82
media status notification, 65
multiple hard drives, 89
optical disk changers, 81–82
RAID controllers, 89, 102, 105
SCSI controllers, 65–68
tape changers, 81–82
tape drives, 79–81
copyright protection, 77
CPU (central processing unit), 128
CSS (copy scramble system), 77
custom-designed systems, xi
D
data modems. See modems
data rate, 128
DDC (display data channel), 128
decoder driver, DVD, 78
defect management, DVD-ROM devices, 77
delayed number clearing in modems, 51
DESCRIPTION key, 41–42
description tables
ACPI compliance, 13, 15, 35
SOHO server systems, 98
Desktop Management Interface Specifications, xiii, 129
Desktop Management Task Force (DMTF), xii
Device Class Power Management Specification, xiii
device configuration. See also APCI; device IDs; devices; Plug and Play
ACPI compliance methods, 15
auto-configuration support, 82
dynamic configuration, 47, 91–92
legacy serial ports, 39
PCI Configuration Space, 28–31
performance tuning support, 47
Plug and Play compliance, 22
device configuration (continued)
remote management, 92
resource conflict resolution, 40
storing configuration settings, 36
USB devices, 33
device drivers
design requirements, 36–37
erasable disk drives, 72–73
file names, 37
HCT compliance, 12
installation and removal, 36
loading without Subsystem Vendor ID, 30
microprocessor platform requirements, 7
miniport drivers
defined, 131
video miniport drivers, 7
WAN miniport drivers, 45, 60
NDIS drivers, 44, 45, 48, 60
OnNow design initiative, 5–6
special parameters, 37
unattended installation, 37
Windows NT Driver Library (WDL), viii
WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation), 91, 93
device IDs. See also device configuration; devices
add-on devices, 23
defined, 129
expansion bus, 23
IEEE 1284 peripherals, 41–42
key values, 41–42
multifunction cards, 23
parallel port devices, 41–42
Plug and Play, 23
Subsystem IDs, 29
Subsystem Vendor IDs, 29–30
system devices, 23
devices. See also add-on devices; device configuration; device drivers; device IDs; enumeration
connecting incorrectly, 67
defined, 129
differential devices, 66, 108
dynamic disable capability, 15
excluded from Plug and Play requirements, 22
expansion devices, remote management, 92
hot-swapping capability, 32, 88, 89, 90, 102, 105
installation, design requirements, 36–37
locking, 64, 86
multifunction devices, 23, 28, 34, 131
run-time registers for PCI devices, 31
DHCP, 91
DIFFSENS support, 66
digital simultaneous voice/data (DSVD), 51
DirectShow, Microsoft, 53
disabling. See dynamic disable capabilities
disk drives, erasable, 72–73
disk I/O controller, 129
DLL (dynamic link library), 129
DMA (direct memory access). See also Ultra DMA/33
defined, 129
DVD support, 75
parallel port channel selections, 40
PCI IDE bus master DMA, 70
SFF 8090 (Mt. Fuji specification), 76
virtual DMA services, 65
DMI (Desktop Management Interface), xiii, 129
DMI Compliance Guidelines, xiii
DMTF (Desktop Management Task Force), xii
DRAM devices, Error Correction Code (ECC) memory protection, 14
drive cleaning, 82
driver stack, 129
drivers, 129. See also device drivers
drives. See also CD-ROM devices; DVD-ROM devices
boot drive determination, 71
EIDE (Enhanced IDE) hard drives, 101
erasable disk drives, 72–73
external drive devices, 64, 86
hard drive performance, 101
hard drives, 64, 89, 101, 104
multiple-drive systems, 71, 89
SMART-compliant IDE hard drives, 72
tape drives, 79–81, 102, 104
DSVD (digital simultaneous voice/data), 51
dual IDE adapters, 69
dual-channel controllers, 69
DVD, defined, 129
DVD Specification, 77, 78
DVD-ROM devices
bus master DMA transfers, 75
closed captioning, 78
command sets, 76
compatibility requirements, 75
decoder driver, 78
defect management support, 77
DVD-Video navigation support, 78
expansion bus speeds, 77
media status notification, 65
media type validation, 78
movie playback support, 79
multisession support, 75
push-to-close design, 77
SFF 8090 (Mt. Fuji specification), 75, 76
DVD-ROM devices (continued)
Universal Disk Format (UDF) support, 77
video playback, 77–79
DVD-Video navigation support, 78
dynamic disable capabilities
ACPI control methods, 15
BIOS support, 69
legacy serial ports, 39
Plug and Play, 22
SOHO server systems, 98
Dynamic Interrupt Moderation, 47
E
ease of use
in server design, 2, 4
ECC (Error Correction Code) memory protection, 14
ECPs (extended capabilities ports)
defined, 129
ECP mode, 40, 41
SOHO server systems, 101
EIDE (Enhanced IDE) hard drives, 101
EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture), 129
El Torito — Bootable CD-ROM Format Specification
BIOS CD-ROM boot support, 20
No Emulation mode, 75
URL, xiii
embedded components, HCT compliance, 12
emergency repair support, 42
Enhanced Music CD Specification, xiv, 74
enhanced parallel port (EPP), 40
Enterprise server systems. See also basic Windows NT servers
fault-tolerance, 105
hard drive performance, 104
memory capacity, 104
multiprocessor support, 103
power supply, 105
processor capabilities, 103
server clustering, 107–109
tape drive capacity, 104
ventilation, 105
Windows NT Server requirements, 5, 103–105
enumeration
ATAPI devices, 71
bus enumerator, 128
device IDs, 23
hot swapping and dynamic enumeration, 32
legacy devices, 24
non-Plug and Play devices, 15
resource conflicts, resolving, 40
Subsystem and Subsystem Vendor IDs, 29–30
enumerator, 129
erasable disk drives, 72–73
ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute), xiii
European security evaluation of operating
systems, 85
European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI), xiii
expansion buses, cards, and devices. See also extensibility
defined, 129
device IDs, 23
ISA expansion devices, 35, 100
network adapters, 46
option ROMs, 24
PCI expansion cards, 26
Plug and Play expansion header, 24
remote management, 92
expansion ROM, 129
expansion slots, accessibility, 84
extended capabilities port (ECP) option,
40, 41, 101, 129
Extended System Configuration Data (ESCD) calling interface, 20
extensibility. See also expansion buses, cards, and devices
Enterprise server systems, 103, 104
expansion slot accessibility, 84
multiprocessor systems, 13, 103
RAM expansion capabilities, 14, 97, 104
SOHO server systems, 97, 100
external clocking, 55
external connectors. See connectors
external drive devices, 64, 86
F
failure alert indicators, 90
fan control, ACPI compliance, 15, 98
fans, hot swappable, 105
Fast POST, 19, 100. See also POST
fault conditions, 18
fault tolerance. See also reliability
Enterprise server systems, 105
hardware guidelines, 89
RAID support, 89–90, 102, 105
SOHO server systems, 102
FDC (floppy disk controller), 129
Fibre Channel Association, xiii, 72
Fibre Channel controllers and peripherals
basic server requirements, 72
SOHO server systems, 101
Fibre Channel Physical (FC-PH), 72, 101
FIFO (first in/first out), 129
filters and filtering
filters, defined, 129
network adapters, 46
FINAL EVALUATION REPORT Microsoft Windows NT Workstation and Server Version 3.5 with U.S. Service Pack 3, 85
Fixed Interrupt Moderation, 47
floppy disks, emergency repair support, 42
full duplex
adapters, mode detection, 45
defined, 129
G
ghost cards, 26
GSM (Global System for Mobile) standards, xiii
H
half-height cards, 84
hard drives. See also drives; RAID
multiple, 89
performance requirements, 64, 101, 104
hardware. See also names of specific devices; Windows NT Server design
ACPI hardware, 127
backup hardware, 79–81, 88
fault tolerance, 89
hardware abstraction layer (HAL), 7
Hardware Compatibility List (HCL), vii, 12, 109
Intel server hardware design, viii
Microsoft hardware developer information, xii
OnNow design initiative, 5–6, 17–18
required features, Windows NT Server, xi
security recommendations, 85–86
server clustering, 109
testing, viii, 12, 109, 130
Windows Hardware Instrumentation Implementation Guidelines, 84, 91, 93
Windows Hardware Quality Labs (WHQL), viii, xii, 134
Windows NT Server hardware initiatives, 3
hardware abstraction layer (HAL), 7
Hardware Compatibility List. See HCL (Hardware Compatibility List)
hardware compatibility tests. See HCTs (hardware compatibility tests)
Hardware Design Guide for Windows NT Server
terminology used in, x
transitional exemptions, 30, 35
hardware insert/remove notification
mechanism, 32
HCI (host controller interface)
defined, 130
Open Host Controller Interface (OpenHCI) Specification, xiv, 33
Universal HCI (UHCI) Specification, xiv, 33
HCL (Hardware Compatibility List)
compliance requirements, 12
overview, viii
server cluster configurations, 109
testing configurations, 12
HCTs (hardware compatibility tests)
compliance of embedded components, 12
defined, 130
MSCS Cluster Hardware Compatibility Test, 109
overview, viii
HDC (hard disk controller), 129
HDLC framing, 60
high-performance components, selecting
I/O components, 25
network adapters, 43
storage components, 63
system components, 11
high-speed communications
legacy serial ports, 39
NDIS support, 44
host controllers
bus mastering, 64
IDE host controller, 68
non-ISA, 64
Open Host Controller Interface (OpenHCI) Specification, xiv, 33
SCSI adapter requirements, 65–66
SOHO server systems, 98, 100
Universal HCI (UHCI) Specification, 33
USB host controller, 16, 33, 100
hot swapping
multiple hard drives, 89
PCI devices, 32
power supplies, 88, 105
RAID drives, 90, 102, 105
I
IBM Personal System/2 Common Interfaces, xiii
IBM Personal System/2 Mouse Technical Reference, xiii
icons
examples, URL, 83
external connectors, 83
SCSI icons, 66
USB icon, 33
IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)
ATA STANDBY command, 71
ATAPI RESET command, 71
connections and connectors, 70
controllers, 68
defined, 130
DMA, 70
dual IDE adapters, 69
logical block addressing (LBA), 69
media status notification, 65
PCI IDE
bus master DMA, 70
connectivity, 27
peripherals, 68
SFF 8020i compliance, 71
SFF 8038i compliance, 70
SMART-compliant hard drive, 72
tape drive compliance, 80
Ultra DMA/33 support, 70
IDs. See also device IDs
CompatibleID (CID), 24
Subsystem and Subsystem Vendor IDs, 29–30
“IDs and Serial Numbers for Plug and Play” article, 30
IDSEL, decoding, 26
IEEE 1284 Standards
device IDs, 41–42
parallel port compliance, 41, 101
SOHO server systems, 101
IEEE 1394 Standards
NDIS support, 44
obtaining standards, xiii
OnNow design initiative support, 5, 17
SOHO server systems, 99
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), 130
imminent failure alert, 90
INF file, 130
INF format, new-style, 48
informative failure alerts, 90
INI files
configuration settings, 36
defined, 130
input class, 130
installed system memory. See memory
instrumentation, 93, 130
Int 13h Extensions
controller support, 64
IDE support, 71
integrated device, 130
Intel Architecture
defined, x
devices excluded from Plug and Play requirements, 22
hardware abstraction layer (HAL), 7
option ROMs, Plug and Play compliance, 24
parallel port base address, 40
processor requirements, 6–7, 13
PS/2-style keyboard ports, 37
shared PCI interrupts, 31
USB keyboards, 38
Intel developer information, vii, xii
Intel Pentium processors
basic Windows NT servers, 13
Enterprise server systems, 103
interfaces, 130
internal modem cards, 35
internal terminators, 67
Interoperability Specification for ICCs and Personal Computer Systems, xiii, 86
interrupt lines, sharing, 26
interrupt routing, 31
I/O (input/output) devices
bandwidth, and different capacity buses, 32
defined, 130
disk I/O controller, 129
high-performance components, selecting, 25
I2O (Intelligent I/O) Architecture Specification, xiii
IBM Personal System/2 Mouse Technical Reference, xiii
I2O hidden devices, 22, 23, 34–35
keyboards, 21, 37, 38
mouse connections, 37–38
I2O (Intelligent I/O) Architecture Specification, xiii
I2O (Intelligent I/O) hidden devices
BIOS support, 34–35
Plug and Play compliance, 22, 23
IOCTL (input/output control), 130
IPL (initial program load), 130
IRPs (I/O request packets), 37, 130
IRQs (interrupt requests)
APIC support, 35
boot device IRQ, configuring, 31
defined, 130
DMA channel selections, 40
legacy serial ports, 39
parallel ports, 40
PS/2-style ports, 37–38
sharing problems, 31
ISA (Industry Standard Architecture), 131
ISA buses and devices
expansion devices, 35
host controllers, 64
ISA Write Data Port address, 28
SOHO server systems, 100
Ultra DMA/33 support exemption, 70
ISA Write Data Port address, 28
ISDN devices
analog phone connection, 60
asynchronous-to-synchronous conversion, 59
auto-SPID detection, 58, 61
CHAP support, 58
exposing both B channels, 58
HDLC framing, 60
internal ISDN device, defined, 57
ISDN modem, defined, 57
multilink PPP support, 59
NDIS support, 60
NT-1, 61
parallel ISDN devices, 60–61
serial ISDN modems, 57–59
speed requirements, 59
SPID detection, 58, 61
switch detection, 59, 61
unattended installation, 59, 61
WAN miniport driver, 60
ISDN (Integrated Service Digital Network), 131
isochronous protocol, 131
ITU Communications Standards
obtaining standards, xiii
V.8, 51
V.18, 52
V.25, 51
V.34, 51
V.8bis, 51
V.pcm, 50, 52
V.25ter, 49, 52
V.25ter Annex A, 51
J
Joe Kane Productions Video Essentials test disc, 78
K
kernel mode, 131
key values, device IDs, 41–42
keyboard-based power switches, 18
keyboards
PS/2-style ports, 37
USB keyboards, 21, 38
keyed connectors, 70, 83
L
L2 cache
Enterprise server systems, 103
Error Correction Code (ECC) memory protection, 14
minimum requirements, 13
SOHO server systems, 97
write-back cache, 13
LAN (local area network), 131
layered driver, 131
LBA (logical block addressing), 69
legacy, defined, 131
legacy systems and devices
CompatibleID and PNP vendor code, 24
defined, 131
external connectors
icons, 83
snap-on connectors, 84
floppy disk controllers (FDCs), 64
INF support, 48
migration away from, 42
parallel ports, 40–42
Plug and Play support, 22, 23, 24
PS/2-style ports, 37–38
remote device management, 92
serial ports, 39
Universal Serial Bus PC Legacy Compatibility Specification, xiv, 21
local backup capabilities, 79–81, 102, 104
local bus, 131
locking
cable connections, 84
computer cases, 84, 86
external drive devices, 64, 86
logical block addressing (LBA), 69
low-power states, 17
|