nyuuzyou/kompy huggingface dataset:
Modul arifmetikasi - Vazirligi muhammad al-xorazmiy nomidagi toshkent

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Vazirligi muhammad al-xorazmiy nomidagi toshkent
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bet | 30/111 | Sana | 20.05.2024 | Hajmi | 2,03 Mb. | | #246571 |
Modul arifmetikasi. Ochiq kalitli kriptotizimlar, asosan modul arifmetikasiga asoslangani bois, dastlab unga to‘xtalib o‘tiladi.
Har qanday butun sonni 𝑚 𝑧 ga bo‘lsak, bu songa tayin bir
qoldiq to‘g‘ri keladi. Masalan, 5 = 2 ∗ 2 + 1 bo‘lib, unda qoldiq 1 ga va
2
butun qism 2 ga teng bo‘ladi. Kriptografiyada 𝑎 sonni 𝑏 songa
bo‘lgandagi qoldiq 𝑟 ga teng bo‘lsa, u quyidagicha belgilanadi:
𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑏 ≡ 𝑟. Dasturlash tillarida esa 𝑎%𝑏 kabi belgilanadi.
Quyida qoldiq arifmetikasiga oid bir qancha misollar keltirilgan:
7𝑚𝑜𝑑3 ≡ (3 ∗ 2)𝑚𝑜𝑑3 + 1𝑚𝑜𝑑3 ≡ 0 + 1 ≡ 1;
14𝑚𝑜𝑑3 ≡ (3 ∗ 4)𝑚𝑜𝑑3 + 2𝑚𝑜𝑑3 ≡ 0 + 2 ≡ 2;
2𝑚𝑜𝑑3 ≡ (0 ∗ 3)𝑚𝑜𝑑3 + 2𝑚𝑜𝑑3 ≡ 2;
5𝑚𝑜𝑑7 ≡ 5;
−2𝑚𝑜𝑑5 ≡ (−2 + 5)𝑚𝑜𝑑5 ≡ 3𝑚𝑜𝑑5 ≡ 3;
−7𝑚𝑜𝑑3 ≡ (−7 + 3)𝑚𝑜𝑑3 ≡ −4𝑚𝑜𝑑3 ≡ (−4 + 3)𝑚𝑜𝑑3 ≡ −1𝑚𝑜𝑑3 ≡ (−1 + 3)𝑚𝑜𝑑3 ≡ 2.
Bundan tashqari ochiq kalitli kriptografiyada sonning modul bo‘yicha teskarisini hisoblash muhim hisoblanadi. Masalan, odatiy
matematikada 𝑎 sonining teskarisi 1 ga teng bo‘lsa, modul arifmetikasida
𝑎
esa 𝑎 sonining 𝑛 modul bo‘yicha teskarisi 𝑎−1𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑛 ko‘rinishida
belgilanadi. Odatiy matematikada sonni uning teskarisiga ko‘paytmasi birga teng bo‘lgani kabi, modul arifmetikasida ham soning uning teskarisiga moduldagi ko‘paytmasi birga teng bo‘ladi. Ya’ni,
𝑎−1𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑛 ≡ 𝑏 bo‘lsa, u holda (𝑎 ∗ 𝑏)𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑛 ≡ 1 tenglik o‘rinli bo‘ladi.
Izoh. Kriptografiyada modul sifatida (ya’ni, bo‘luvchi) faqat tub sonlardan foydalanish talab etiladi. Ya’ni, amodn tenglikdagi n har doim tub bo‘lishi lozim.
Aytaylik, 3 sonining 7 moduldagi teskarisini topish talab etilsin. Ya’ni, 𝑥 ni topish talab etilsin: 3−1𝑚𝑜𝑑7 ≡ 𝑥. Yuqoridagi tenglik (3 ∗ 𝑥)𝑚𝑜𝑑7 ≡ 1 dan foydalanib, 𝑥 ning o‘rniga son qo‘yib natijani hisoblash mumkin. Lekin ushbu jarayon ko‘p vaqt talab etadi (ayniqsa katta sonlarda).
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storm 
Q4 - Customer satisfaction survey

storm Q4 and I guess it blew down one of the trees at the back of our garden, and it’s smashed
through the window in our daughter’s bedroom.
Woman:
Yes, a good thing you were all out. So have you got the window fixed?
Man:
Not yet.
....................................................................................................................................................................
Woman:
All right. And so, apart from the window, what are you claiming for?
Man:
OK, like I said, it was my young daughter’s room. Anyway, right below the window is her
desk. That’s all right, but she’d left her
glasses Q5 on it, and they got really badly scratched.
She’ll need a new pair. Luckily she hadn’t left her headphones there, like she normally does.
Woman:
Is there anything else?
Man:
Yes, because the window was broken, the rain got in. And what’s really annoying is that
– when was it? Just last month - we’d gone shopping and bought a
carpet.
Q6 We’d only
had it for a couple of weeks, and it got soaked. We had to remove it.
Woman:
Oh dear. Are there any other items you’d like to claim for?
Man:
Yes. I suppose we should be grateful that the rain didn’t reach her computer – but when
the tree came through the window, it tore a hole through the
curtain Q7 that was hanging
there.
Woman:
OK, I’m making a note of all this.
Man:
And one more thing I need to claim for.
Woman:
Yes, go on.
Man:
We’ve had some repairs done already. For a door we can’t open.
Woman:
To the back of the house?
Man:
Er no. It’s for the
-topshiriq - Gayubova komila anvarovna yulanova nargiza davlatovna akademik yozuv

58
Odatda, erkin va ijodiy mavzudalardagi insholar yozilayotganida yoki aniq bir
yozuvchining ijodiga baho berilayotganda sodda shakildagi insho rejalaridan
foydalaniladi. Bunda rejadagi har bir band qisqa va sodda gaplardan iborat bo`ladi.
Sodda shakildagi insho rejasi tuzilayotganda
mavzuga har tomonlama mos
keladigan materiallardan, xalq maqollaridan
va ibratli gaplardan, hikmatli
so‘zlardan foydalanish maqsadga muvofiqdir.
O‘zida insho mavzusining barcha jihatlarini yaqqol
aks ettirib turgan reja
namunalari insho mazmuning ixchamlashtirilgan shakillaridir. Yaxshi tuzilgan
rejalar inshoning yo‘nalishi,
tarkibiy qismlari, mavzuning izchinligi haqida aniq
bir tasavvur beradi. Bunday tipdagi insho rejalaridagi tartib arab raqamlari bilan
belgilanadi va reja bandlari oxirida nuqta qo‘yiladi.
Gayubova komila anvarovna yulanova nargiza davlatovna akademik yozuv - bet 26

52
lozim. Simmetrik sarlavha o‘rtada joylashgan bo‘ladi.
Asimmetrik sarlavha
chapdagi chekka bo‘lim shaklini oladi. Ba’zi kontekstlarda o‘ng tomondagi chekka
bo‘limlar yaxshiroq ko‘rinadi. Ular asosan asosiy sarlavha sifatida beriladi. O‘ng
tomonda berilgan bir qatorli qisqa sarlavhani o‘quvchi o‘tkazib yubormasligi
uchun katta keglda yoki to‘q rangda berilishi lozim.
Mavzu yuzasidan mashq va topshiriqlar
1-topshiriq.
Aloqa yo‘ldoshlari nima?
Aloqaning kabelli liniyalarini o‘tkazishning iloji bo‘lmagan yoki buning
uchun yirik mablag’lar talab etiladigan joylarda radioto‘lqinlar
yordamida aloqa
o‘rnatiladi. Buningdek to‘lqinlarning tarqalishi yorug’likning tarqalishiga
o‘xshaydi va bamisoli yorug’lik singari aks etadi. Aloqa yo‘ldoshlarining ishi ham
radioto‘lqinlarning ana shu xossasiga asoslanadi.
“Aks-sado-1”degan birinchi aloqa yo‘ldoshi xuddi sharga o‘xshaydi, U
yupqa alyuminiy tunuka bilan qoplangan. Bu aloqa yo‘ldoshi Yer kurrasi atrofida
2000 kilometrga yaqin balandlikda aylanib yuradi.
Yerdan yuborilgan radioto‘lqinlar uning sirtiga tegib, orqaga qaytadi.Xuddi
shu yo‘ldosh tufayli televizion ko‘rsatuvlarni ilk marta butun dunyo miqyosida olib
ko‘rsatish imkoniyati tug’ildi.
Undan keyin yanada mukammalroq “Tellstar” va “Reldi” aloqa yo‘ldoshlari
uchirildi. Ular Yerdan 5000 kilometrdan ortiqroq balandlikda joylashgan. Bu
yo‘ldoshlar ma’lumotlarni
qabul qiladi,magnit tasmalariga yozib oladi,tasvirni
kuchaytiradi va qayta ishlab tag’in Yerga qaytaradi. Biroq bu yo‘ldoshlarning
53
kamchiligi shundaki, ular
Yer atrofida sekin aylanar edi, shu sababli
radiosingallarni ishonch bilan qabul qilish hududi u qadar katta emas edi.
“Sinkom” va “Saharxez qushcha” deb atalgan navbatdagi aloqa
yo‘ldoshlari ancha takomillashgan edi. Ularning tezligi va aylanish yo‘nalishi Yer
aylanishining tezligi va aylanish yo‘nalishi aniq mos keldi. Xuddi shu sababli bir
vaqtning o‘zida 12 ta teledastur va 6000 telefon gaplashuvlarini yo‘ldoshlar orqali
qabul qilish imkoniyati paydo bo‘ldi. Hyozirgi paytda Yer atrofidagi orbitalarda
turli mamlakatlar tomonidan uchirilgan o‘ndan ortiq aloqa yo‘ldoshlari
ishlab
turibdi.
Matn yuzasidan savol va topshiriqlar
1. Matnni o‘qing. Matndan ilmiy uslubga doir atamalarni ko‘chirib
yozing.
2. Matndagi fikrlarga o‘z munosabatingizni bildirib mazmunini
so‘zlab bering.
circle? 
Q3 - Customer satisfaction survey

Female:
28 double 9. OK. And the name on the card please?
Male:
It’s Mr J
Whitton
Q7
– W-H-l-doubleT-0-N.
Female:
N for never’ or M for ‘mother’?
Male:
N for never’.
Female:
Thank you. And now, I’ve nearly finished, but I just need your address and post code.
Male:
Yes. It’s
42 South
Q8
Street.
Female:
And the post code?
Male: It’s
SW2 5GE.
Q9
Female:
OK. Is that Plymouth?
Male: London.
Female:
That’s fine then. The tickets should be with you tomorrow. Is there anything else I can do
for you?
Male:
Yes. I was wondering if I could get regular information about what’s on.
Female:
Certainly. I can just add your name to our mailing list. Would that be OK?
Male:
That would be very good. Yes please. Oh, and there is something else, sorry. One of our
group is hard of hearing and I’ve heard that you can supply special
MINTONS CAR MART - Customer satisfaction survey

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Customer satisfaction surveyBog'liq Listening transcripts 230531 122425MINTONS CAR MART
Customer Enquiry
MAN:
Good morning, please take a seat. How can I help you?
WOMAN:
Well, I’m thinking of buying a new car and I’d like some advice.
MAN:
Sure, yes. Had you got any particular make in mind?
WOMAN:
I’m interested in a
Lida
Example
- I’ve had one before and liked it. But I haven’t really made
up my mind.
MAN:
Sure. We’ve got various models. Umm, right. What about the engine size? Any ideas?
WOMAN:
The one I’ve got at the moment’s a 1.2 litre engine but I find it a bit slow on long journeys.
I’d like a bit more power this time ... a
1.4
Q1
should do, don’t think I need a 1.6 or anything.
MAN:
Right. Well I think the model you’re looking at is the Max. Here’s a picture.
WOMAN:
Oh, yes ... have you got one in?
MAN:
Yes. I’ll take you to have a look at it in a minute. I’ll just get a few more details.
Er ... Is there anything else to do with the engine? What kind of gear change do you want?
I presume you’d want a manual?
WOMAN:
I’d want
automatic
Q2
- I’ve never driven a car with manual gears.
MAN:
Right. Well now, here’s the colour chart for the Max. Have you given that any thought? This
blue’s very popular at the moment.
WOMAN:
Yes, it is nice, I like blue. What’s it called? ‘Royal’?
MAN: Yes.
WOMAN:
But actually, I think I prefer this lighter shade here - ‘
Sky’.
Q3
MAN:
Yes, that’s popular too.
WOMAN:
I think I’ll go for that.
MAN:
You might have to wait a week or so for that colour, but I assume that’d be OK?
WOMAN:
Oh yes, fine.
MAN:
Well, we can go outside and you can have a good look at one, and perhaps take it out.
But first, can I just ask you about finance? The cash price is going to be somewhere in the
region of seven and a half thousand. How would you like to pay? Are you in a position to
pay cash, or would you need credit?
WOMAN:
I’d like
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Sun’iy intellekt asoslarini tushunish

Sun’iy intellekt asoslarini tushunish
Sun’iy intellekt deganda olingan ma’lumotlar asosida tushunishi, o’rganishi va harakat qilishi mumkin bo’lgan texnologiyalar tushuniladi. Bugungi kunda sun’iy intellekt uchta usulda ishlaydi:
Assisted intelligence (Yordamchi intellekt) – hozirgi kunda odamlar va kompaniyalar ishini yaxshilashga yordam beradi.
Augmented intelligence (Tarmoqli intellekt) – odamlar va kompaniya qila olmaydigan ishlarni qilishga imkon beradi.
Autonomous intelligence (Avtonom intellekt) – o’z-o’zidan ishlaydigan mashinalar misol bo’la oladi va bunga kelajakda mustaqil ravishda o’z-o’zini boshqara oladigan transport vositalarini aytishimiz mumkin.
Aytishimiz mumkinki, sun’iy intellekt ma’lum darajada inson aql-idrokiga ega: ma’lum bir fan sohasiga tegishli bilimlar zaxirasi, yangi bilimlarni egallash mexanizmlari va ushbu bilimlarni qo’llash mexanizmlari kabi.
Mashinani o’rganish, ekspert tizimlar, neyron tarmoqlar va chuqur o’rganish sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalariga misol bo’la oladi:
Mashinani o’rganish (Machine learning) keng ko’lamli missiyaga emas, balki ma’lum bir vazifani hal qilishga qaratilgan bo’lgandagina yaxshi ishlaydi.
Ekspert tizimlari – bu ixtisoslashgan sohalardagi muammolarni hal qilish uchun mo’ljallangan dasturlar. Bu tizimlar haqiqiy mutaxassislarning fikrlashiga taqlid qilib, diqqat bilan tanlangan bilimlar to’plamidan foydalangan holda noaniq qoidalarga asoslangan fikrlash orqali muammolarni hal qilishadi va qaror qabul qilishadi.
Neyron tarmoqlar kompyuterga kuzatuv ma’lumotlaridan o’rganish imkonini beruvchi biologik dasturlash paradigmasidan foydalanadi.
Chuqur o’rganish (Deep learning) ma’lum bir vazifaga xos algoritmlardan farqli o’laroq, o’quv ma’lumotlarini taqdim etishga asoslangan mashinani o’rganish usullarining bir qismidir. Bugungi kunda chuqur o’rganish orqali tasvirni aniqlash ko’pincha avtonom transport vositalari, skanerlash tahlili va tibbiy diagnostika kabi sohalarda keng qo’llaniladi.
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4-Ma’ruza Mavzu: Kiberxavfsizlik arxitekturasi, strategiyasi va siyosati: Reja

4-Ma’ruza Mavzu: Kiberxavfsizlik arxitekturasi, strategiyasi va siyosati: Reja
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4-Ma’ruza Mavzu: Kiberxavfsizlik arxitekturasi, strategiyasi va siyosati: Reja
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Kiberxavfsizlikda sun’iy intellektni qo’llash

Kiberxavfsizlikda sun’iy intellektni qo’llash
Sun’iy intellekt kiberxavfsizlik borasidagi eng qiyin muammolarimizni hal qilishga yordam bera oladi. Bugungi kunda doimiy ravishda rivojlanib borayotgan kiberhujumlar va qurilmalarning tarqalishi sharoitida tahdidlarni aniqlashni avtomatlashtirish va ularga an’anaviy dasturiy ta’minotga asoslangan yondashuvlarga qaraganda samaraliroq javob berish orqali “yomon odamlarni kuzatib borish” uchun mashinani o’rganish va sun’iy intellektdan foydalanish mumkin.
Shu bilan birga, kiberxavfsizlik bir qator noyob muammolar bilan birga keladi:
Ulkan hujum maydoni
Har bir tashkilotda 10 yoki 100 minglab qurilma
Yuzlab hujum vektorlari
Malakali xavfsizlik mutaxassislarining yetishmasligi
Avtomatik sun’iy intellektga asoslangan kiberxavfsizlik holatini boshqarish tizimi ushbu muammolarning ko’pini hal qilishga qodir.
Quyida sun’iy intellektning turli darajalari bilan tanishing:
Axborot texnologiyalari aktivlarini inventarizatsiya qilish – axborot tizimlariga har qanday kirish huquqiga ega bo’lgan barcha qurilmalar, foydalanuvchilar va ilovalarning to’liq va aniq inventarizatsiyasini olish. Inventarizatsiya qilishda biznesning tanqidiyligini tasniflash va o’lchash ham katta rol o’ynaydi.
Tahdidlarni fosh qilish – xakerlar ham o’zgarishlar va tendentsiyalarni boshqalar kabi kuzatadilar. Sun’iy intellektga asoslangan kiberxavfsizlik tizimlari nafaqat sizning korxonangizga hujum qilinganida, balki sizning korxonangizga hujum sodir bo’lish ehtimoli mavjud bo’lgan holatlarda ham sizga dolzarb bilimlarni taqdim etishi mumkin.
Samarali nazorat – ishonchli xavfsizlik tizimini saqlab qolish uchun foydalaniladigan turli xil himoya vositalari va xavfsizlik jarayonlarining ta’sirini tushunish muhimdir. Sun’iy intellekt sizning axborot xavfsizligi jihatdan dasturingizning kuchli tomonlari va unda bo’shliqlar mavjudligini tushunishga yordam beradi.
Xakerlik xavfini bashorat qilish – axborot texnologiyalarining aktivlari inventarizatsiyasi, tahdidlarga ta’sir qilish va boshqaruv samaradorligini hisobga olgan holda, sun’iy intellektga asoslangan tizimlar zaif tomonlarni bartaraf etish uchun resurslar va vositalarni taqsimlashni rejalashtirishingiz uchun qanday va qayerda xakerlik hujumiga duchor bo’lishingiz mumkinligini taxmin qilishi mumkin. Sun’iy intellekt tahlilidan olingan tahliliy tavsiyalar tashkilotingizning kiber barqarorligini oshirish uchun nazorat va jarayonlarni sozlash hamda takomillashtirishga yordam beradi.
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Kiberxavfsizlik arxitekturasi - 4-Ma’ruza Mavzu: Kiberxavfsizlik arxitekturasi, strategiyasi va siyosati: Reja

4.2-rasm. Kiberxavfsizlik arxitekturasi
Joriy holatdan qanday qilib yangi, mukammalroq va qo‘yilgan maqsadlarga
mos holatga o‘tish mumkin? Buning uchun strategiya, ya’ni qo‘yilgan maqsadlarga
erishish uchun harakat yo‘nalishi mavjud.
Strategiya
- korxonaning davomli muvaffaqiyat bilan faoliyat yuritishini
ta’minlashga mo‘ljallangan strukturalangan va o‘zaro bog‘langan harakatlar
to‘plami. 4.3-rasmda arxitektura bilan strategiyaning o‘zaro bog‘liqligi keltirilgan.
Strategiya kiberxavfsizlik arxitekturasi ko‘rinishidagi maqsadga ega bo‘lgan holda
unga erishishning optimal yo‘lini belgilaydi.
4.3-rasm. Arxitektura bilan strategiyaning o ‘zaro bog‘liqligi
Ko‘pincha strategiya va arxitektura tushunchalarini farqlamay arxitektura
tavsifini o‘z ichiga oigan kiberxavfsizlik strategiyasi ishlab chiqiladi. Bu unchalik
to‘g‘ri emas, chunki arxitektura, ya’ni maqsadlar vaqt o‘tishi bilan o‘zgarmasligi, bu
maqsadlarga erishishdagi strategiya esa tashqi va ichki omillarga bog‘liq holda
jiddiy o‘zgarishi mumkin. Strategiya va arxitektura bitta hujjatda tavsiflansa,
strategiya o‘zgarganida arxitekturani ham o‘zgartirishga to‘g‘ri keladi.
in ten days. 
Q9 - Customer satisfaction survey

TEST
JUNIOR CYCLE CAMP
JAKE:
Hello, Junior Cycle camp, Jake speaking.
WOMAN:
Hi. I’m calling for some information about the cycle camp – I’m thinking of sending my son.
JAKE:
Great. Well, it’s held every weekday morning over the summer vacation and we focus on
basic cycling skills and safety. We have eight levels for children from three years upwards.
How old’s your son?
WOMAN:
Charlie? He’s seven. He can ride a bike, but he needs a little more training before he’s safe
to go on the road.
JAKE:
He’d probably be best in Level 5. They start off practising on the site here, and we aim to
get them riding on the road, but
first they’re taken to ride in the park
Q1
, away from the
traffic.
WOMAN:
Right. And can you tell me a bit about the instructors?
JAKE:
Well, all our staff wear different coloured shirts. So, we have three supervisors, and they
have red shirts. They support the instructors, and they also stand in for me if I’m not around.
Then
the instructors themselves are in blue shirts
Q2
, and one of these is responsible
for each class.
WOMAN: OK.
JAKE:
In order to be accepted, all our instructors
have to submit a reference
Q3
from someone
who’s seen them work with children – like if they’ve worked as a babysitter, for example.
Then they have to complete our training course, including how to do lesson plans, and
generally care for the well-being of the kids in their class. They do a great job, I have to say.
WOMAN:
Right. And tell me a bit about the classes. What size will Charlie’s class be?
JAKE:
We have a limit of eight children in each class, so their instructor really gets to know them well.
They’re out riding most of the time but they have
credit 
Q4 - Customer satisfaction survey

MAN:
Could I have your full name?
WOMAN:
Wendy Harries, that’s
H-A-double R-I-E-S.
Q5
MAN:
And is that Mrs ... Miss ... Ms ... ?
WOMAN: It’s
Doctor,
Q6
actually.
MAN:
Oh, right. And your address?
WOMAN:
20 Green Banks.
MAN:
Is that ‘Green’ spelled as in the colour?
WOMAN:
Yes, that’s right.
MAN: OK.
WOMAN: Alton.
MAN:
Is that
O-L-T-O-N?
Q7
WOMAN:
Not quite,
it begins with an A, not an O.
MAN:
Oh yes, that’s in Hampshire isn’t it?
WOMAN:
That’s right.
MAN:
And do you know your postcode?
WOMAN:
Yes. It’s GU8 9EW.
MAN:
Do you have a daytime phone number?
WOMAN:
Well, I work at the hospital but it’s a bit difficult to get hold of me.
I can give you a number
just for
messages,
Q8
and then I’ll get back to you when I can.
Is that OK?
MAN:
That’s fine.
WOMAN:
It’s 0-7-9-8-2-5-7-6-4-3.
MAN:
Fine.
And about the car you have now, what make is it?
WOMAN:
It’s a Conti.
MAN:
Do you know the year or the model name?
WOMAN:
I think it’s 1996, and it’s
called a
Service Deployment - Published: May 2003 Updated: May 2005

Service Deployment
The Terminal Server Licensing service is a separate entity from the terminal server. In most large deployments, the license server is deployed on a separate server, even though it can be co-resident on the terminal server in some smaller deployments.
Terminal Server Licensing is a low-impact service. It requires very little CPU or memory for regular operations, and its hard disk requirements are small, even for a significant number of clients. Idle activities are negligible. Memory usage is less than 10 megabytes (MB). The license database will grow in increments of 5 MB for every 6,000 license tokens issued. The license server is only active when a terminal server is requesting a license token, and its impact on server performance is very low, even in high-load scenarios.
A terminal server running Windows Server 2003 does not communicate with a terminal server licensing server running Windows 2000. It is, however, possible for a terminal server licensing server running Windows Server 2003 to communicate with a terminal server running Windows 2000 Server. Therefore, when upgrading terminal servers running Windows 2000, you need to install and activate a licensing server that runs Windows Server 2003, which communicates with terminal servers that run both Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003.
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License Purchase - Published: May 2003 Updated: May 2005

License Purchase
The process for purchasing TS CALs for Windows Server 2003 remains the same as for purchasing other Microsoft Client Access licenses. Windows Server 2003 Terminal Server Licensing technology does not alter the purchase process. Customers might purchase these licenses by obtaining a Microsoft License Pak (MLP), Microsoft Open License, or through one of Microsoft’s volume licensing programs, such as Microsoft Select.
Important
If you purchase your TS CALs by means of a Microsoft License Pak, note that Microsoft added some additional components to the MLP for TS CALs, starting with Windows 2000. Previously, the contents of a MLP included EULAs. The Windows Server 2003 TS CAL MLP, like the Windows 2000 Server TS CAL MLP, will include the EULAs as well as a new component called a license addendum. This license addendum contains a 25-character alphanumeric code, called a license code, which represents the quantity of TS CALs purchased. The system administrator uses this license code and chooses a licensing program called Retailto install the MLP TS CAL tokens on the license server.
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Published: May 2003 Updated: May 2005 - bet 10

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Published: May 2003 Updated: May 2005
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bet | 10/37 | Sana | 30.03.2021 | Hajmi | 0,83 Mb. | | #13798 |
Summary of Features and Benefits
The Terminal Services Licensing service includes the following features and benefits:
Centralized administration for TS CALs and the corresponding tokens
License accountability and reporting
Simple support for various communication channels and purchase programs
Minimal impact on network and servers
The remainder of this document explores the design goals and implementation of Terminal Server Licensing for Windows Server 2003, and explains how an enterprise can make use of this service.
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Internetdan - 4-Ma’ruza Mavzu: Kiberxavfsizlik arxitekturasi, strategiyasi va siyosati: Reja

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4-Ma’ruza Mavzu: Kiberxavfsizlik arxitekturasi, strategiyasi va siyosati: RejaInternetdan
foydalanish
siyosati.
Mazkur
siyosat
Internetdan
foydalanishdagi cheklanishlarni aniqlab, xodimlar uchun Internet tarmog‘idan
foydalanish tartibini belgilaydi. Internetdan foydalanish siyosati o‘z ichiga
Internetdan foydalanish ruxsati, tizim xavfsizligi, tarmoqni o‘rnatish, AT xizmati va
boshqa yo‘riqnomalarni qamrab oladi.
Internetdan foydalanish siyosatini quyidagi to‘rtta kategoriyaga ajratish mumkin:
1.
Tartibsiz siyosat
(Promiscuous Policy): ushbu siyosat tizim resurslaridan
foydalanishda hech qanday cheklovlarni amalga oshirmaydi. Masalan, bu siyosatga
ko‘ra foydalanuvchi istalgan saytga kirishi, istalgan dasturni yuklab olishi,
masofadagi kompyuterdan yoki tarmoqdan foydalanishi mumkin. Bu siyosat
korporativ tashkilotlarning ofislarida ishlovchi yoki tashkilotga kelgan mehmonlar
uchun foydali hisoblansada, kompyutemi zararli dasturlar asosidagi tahdidlarga zaif
qilib qo‘yishi mumkin. Ya’ni, Internetdan foydalanishda cheklanishlar mavjud
bo‘lmagani bois, foydalanuvchilar bilimsizligi natijasida zararli dasturlar kirib
kelishi mumkin.
2.
Ruxsat berishga asoslangan siyosat
(Permissive Policy): Bu siyosatga ko‘ra faqat
xavfli xizmatlar, hujumlar yoki harakatlar bloklanadi. Masalan, ruxsat berishga
asoslangan Internet siyosatida qator keng tarqalgan zararli xizmatlar, hujumlardan
tashqari Internet trafigining asosiy qismi ochiq bo‘ladi. Faqat keng tarqalgan
hujumlar va zararli dasturlar bloklanganligi tufayli, ma’mur joriy holatdagi zararli
harakatlarga qarshi himoyani ta’minlay oladi. Bu siyosatda har doim yangi
hujumlarni va zararli dasturiy ta’minotlarni tutish va bazaga kiritib borish talab
etiladi.
3.
Paranoid siyosati
(Paranoid Policy): Paranoid siyosatga ko‘ra barcha narsa
bloklanadi va tizim yoki tarmoqdan foydalanuvchi tashkilot kompyuterlarida qat’iy
cheklovlar mavjud bo‘ladi. Bu siyosatga ko‘ra foydalanuvchi Internetga umuman
ulanmagan yoki qat’iy cheklovlar bilan ulangan bo‘lishi mumkin. Bunday hollarda,
foydalanuvchilar odatda siyosatdagi qoidalarni aylanib o‘tishga harakat qiladilar.
4.
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Terminal Server Grace Period

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Terminal Server Grace Period
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Terminal Server Grace Period
A terminal server allows clients to connect without license tokens for 120 days before it requires communicating with a license server. This period is known as the license server grace period, and begins the first time a terminal server client connection is made to the terminal server. This grace period is designed to allow ample time for the administrator to deploy a license server. It is not designed to provide for a period of “free” access to a terminal server. Per the Windows Server 2003 EULA, licenses are required to be purchased in order to access a terminal server. There is no provision in the EULA for accessing a terminal server without the appropriate licenses.
The license server grace period ends after 120 days, or when a license server issues a permanent license token through the terminal server, whichever occurs first. Therefore, if the license server and terminal server are deployed at the same time, the terminal server grace period will immediately expire after the first permanent license token has been issued.
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Ehtiyotkorlik siyosati - 4-Ma’ruza Mavzu: Kiberxavfsizlik arxitekturasi, strategiyasi va siyosati: Reja

Ehtiyotkorlik siyosati
(Prudent Policy): Ehtiyotkorlik siyosati barcha xizmatlar
bloklangandan so‘ng
amalga oshirilib, unda xavfsiz va zarur xizmatlarga ma’mur
tomonidan individual ravishda ruxsat beriladi. Bu maksimal xavfsizlikni ta’minlab,
tizim, tarmoq faoliyatiga oid barcha hodisalarni qaydlaydi.
Maqbul foydalanish siyosati
. Maqbul foydalanish
siyosati tarmoq va web
sayt egalari tomonidan qaror qilingan qoidalardan iborat va u hisoblash resurslaridan
to‘g‘ri foydalanishni belgilaydi. Ushbu siyosatda foydalanuvchilarning o‘z
akkauntlarida mavjud bo‘lgan ma’lumotlarni himoya qilish majburiyati ko‘rsatilgan
bo‘lib,
foydalanuvchidan
tarmoqdan
yoki
Internetdagi
kompyuterdan
foydalanishida siyosat cheklovlarini qabul qilishi talab etiladi. Ehtiyotkorlik siyosati
prinsiplar, taqiqlar, qayta ko‘rib chiqish va jazo choralarini o‘z
ichiga olib,
foydalanuvchini, shaxsiy sabablarga ko‘ra, korporativ resurslardan foydalanishini
taqiqlaydi.
Maqbul foydalanish siyosati axborot xavfsizligi siyosatining ajralmas qismi
hisoblanadi. Bunda, tashkilotlar, o‘zlarining yangi xodimlariga axborot resurlaridan
foydalanishga
ruxsat berishdan oldin, maqbul foydalanish siyosati bo‘yicha
tanishganligi xususida kafolat imzosi olinadi. Maqbul foydalanish siyosati
foydalanuvchilarni axborot texnologiyalari infrastrukturasida
nimalarni bajarish
kerak va nimalarni bajarmaslik kerakligi haqidagi asosiy jihatlarni o‘z ichiga oladi.
Maqbul foydalanish siyosati to‘g‘ri amalga oshirilganiga ishonch hosil qilish
uchun ma’mur doimiy ravishda xavfsizlik auditini olib borishi kerak. Masalan,
aksariyat tashkilotlar o‘z saytlarida va pochtalarida
siyosatga aloqador va diniy
mavzularda muzokaralar olib borilishini taqiqlaydi. Maqbul foydalanish
siyosatlarining aksariyatida siyosatni buzganlik uchun jazolar tayinlanadi. Bunday
jazolar foydalanuvchi akkauntini vaqtincha yopib qo‘yishdan tortib qonuniy jazo
choralarigacha bo‘lishi mumkin.
Nazorat savollari:
1.
Axborot xavfsizligi arxitekturasi va uning sathlari mohiyatini
tushintiring.
2.
Axborot xavfsizligi strategiyasi tushunchasi haqida ma’lumot bering.
3.
Korxona arxitekturasini tuzishda xavfsizlik strategiyasi va
arxitekturasining о‘rni qanday?
4.
Axborot xavfsizligi siyosati va uning asosiy vazifasi nimadan iborat?
5.
Xavfsizlik siyosati nima uchun zarar?
6.
Xavfsizlik siyosatining tarkibi va tuzilishini tushintiring.
7.
Xavfsizlik siyosatining asosiy turlari nimalardan iborat?
4-Ma’ruza Mavzu: Kiberxavfsizlik arxitekturasi, strategiyasi va siyosati: Reja - bet 4

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Iqtisodiy asoslangan bo‘lishi:
tashkilotlar tejamkor va o‘z xavfsizligini
kuchaytimvchi siyosatni amalga oshirishlari shart.
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Amaliy bo‘lishi:
siyosatlar reallikka asoslangan amaliy bo‘lishi kerak. Real
bo‘lmagan siyosatning amalga oshirilishi tashkilotga muammo tug‘diradi.
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Barqaror bo‘lishi:
tashkilot o‘zining siyosatini amalga oshirishda
barqarorlikga ega bo‘lishi kerak.
−
Mulojaviy bardoshli bo‘lishi:
siyosat muolajalari amalga oshirilganida, ular
ish beruvchi va ishlovchiga mos bo‘lishi kerak.
−
Kiber va yuridik qonunlarga, standartlarga, qoidalarga va yo ‘riqnomalarga
mos bo ‘lishi:
amalga oshiriluvchi ixtiyoriy siyosat kiber qonunlar asosida
ishlab chiqilgan qoidalar va yo‘riqnomalarga mos bo‘lishi zarur.
Kiberxavfsizlik siyosati va uni amalga oshirish

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U shuningdek, zaxira nusxalash va qayta tiklash amallarini joriy qilish orqali
tashkilot ma’lumotlarining yo‘qolishi va sirqib chiqishi xavfíni
minimallashtiradi.
Xavfsizlik siyosatining afzalliklari:
−
Kuchaytirilgan ma’lumot va tarmoq xavfsizligi
: tashkilotlar o‘z ma’lumotlari
xavfsizligini ta’minlovchi tarmoqqa asoslangan siyosatini amalga oshiradilar.
Xavfsizlik siyosati tarmoqda boshqa tizimlardan ma’lumotlar uzatilishida
himoyani ta’minlaydi.
−
Risklarni kamaytirish
: xavfsizlik siyosatini amalga oshirish orqali tashqi
manbalardan bo‘lishi mumkin bo‘lgan risklar kamaytiriladi. Agar xodimlar
xavfsizlik siyosati asosida harakat qilsalar, ma’lumot va resurslarning
yo‘qolishi holatlari deyarli kuzatilmaydi.
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Licensing Service Installation

Licensing Service Installation
To install the license service, choose Terminal Server Licensing during product setup, or at any time by choosing “Add or Remove Programs” from Control Panel, then “Add/Remove Windows Components”.
In Windows Server 2003, the licensing service can be installed on a workgroup–based server, a member server, or a domain controller.
During the installation of the Terminal Server Licensing service, you need to choose between the following modes of the license server:
Your entire enterprise (enterprise license server)
Your domain or workgroup (domain/workgroup license server)
These options determine how and when a license server will be discovered by terminal servers. In a workgroup or non-Active Directory domain, you must choose “Your domain or workgroup.” In this scenario, a license server is automatically discovered by any terminal server within the same subnet as the license server.
In an Active Directory–based domain, you might choose either option. An enterprise licensing server is automatically discovered by any terminal server within the same site as the license server. A domain licensing server is automatically discovered by any terminal server that is a member of the same domain as the license server.
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Internet (Automatic) - Published: May 2003 Updated: May 2005

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Published: May 2003 Updated: May 2005
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bet | 15/37 | Sana | 30.03.2021 | Hajmi | 0,83 Mb. | | #13798 |
Internet (Automatic) The quickest and easiest way to activate and install licenses and is the one recommended by Microsoft. This method requires Internet connectivity from the device running the Terminal Server Licensing admin tool. Internet connectivity is not required from the license server itself. The internet method uses TCP/IP (TCP port 443) to connect directly to the Clearinghouse.
Web The Web method should be used when the device running the Terminal Server Licensing admin tool does not have Internet connectivity, but you do have access to the Web by means of a Web browser from another computer. The URL for the Web method is displayed in the Activation Wizard.
Phone The phone method allows you to talk to a Microsoft Customer Service Representative to complete the activation or license installation transactions. The appropriate telephone number is determined by the country/region that you chose in the Activation Wizard and is displayed by the wizard.
When you activate the license server, Microsoft provides the server with a limited-use digital certificate that validates server ownership and identity. Microsoft uses the X.509 industry standard certificate for this purpose. Using this certificate, a license server can make subsequent transactions with Microsoft and receive client license key packs. A client license key pack contains multiple license tokens for distribution by the license server.
A license server must be activated only once. While waiting to complete the activation or license token installation processes, your license server can issue temporary tokens for clients that allow them to use terminal servers for up to 90 days.
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Upgrading a Windows 2000 License Server

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Upgrading a Windows 2000 License Server
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Upgrading a Windows 2000 License Server
When upgrading a license server that runs Windows 2000 to run Windows Server 2003, the license database and installed license tokens will be preserved. However, it may be necessary to re-activate the license server after the upgrade has been completed. To re-activate your license server that is upgraded from Windows 2000, start the Terminal Server Licensing tool and choose Re-activate Server from the Action menu while the server is highlighted. For more information, see “Terminal Server Licensing” in Help and Support Center for Windows Server 2003.
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Axborot xavfsizligi siyosatining turlari

Axborot xavfsizligi siyosatining turlari. Tashkilotda axborot xavfsizligini rejalashtirish, loyihalash va amalga
oshirishda siyosat muhim hisoblanib, ular foydalanuvchilarga xavfsizlik
maqsadlariga erishishda mavjud muammolarni bartaraf etish choralarini taqdim
etadi. Bundan tashqari, xavfsizlik siyosati tashkilotdagi dasturiy ta’minot va jihozlar
vazifasini tavsiflaydi.
Axborot texnologiyalari sohasidagi korxonalarda quyidagi xavfsizlik siyosatlari
qo‘llaniladi:
−
Tashkilot axborot xavfsizligi siyosati (Enterprise Information Security Policies,
EISP): mazkur siyosat turi tashkilot xavfsiz muhitini, unga g‘oya, maqsad va
usullarni taklif qilish orqali, madadlaydi. U xavfsizlik dasturlarini ishlab chiqish,
amalga oshirish va boshqarish usullarini belgilaydi. Bundan tashqari, ushbu
siyosat taklif etilgan va talab qilingan axborot xavfsizligi strukturasi talablarini
kafolatlaydi.
−
Muammoga qaratilgan xavfsizlik siyosatlari (Issue-Specific Security Policies,
ISSP): bu siyosatlar tashkilotdagi aynan xavfsizlik muammosiga qaratilgan
bo‘lib, ushbu xavfsizlik siyosatlarining qamrovi va qo‘llanilish sohasi muammo
turi va unda foydalanilgan usullarga bog‘liq bo‘ladi. Unda profílaktik choralar,
masalan, foydalanuvchilarning foydalanish huquqini avtorizasiyalash uchun
zarur bo‘lgan texnologiyalar ko‘rsatiladi.
−
Tizimga qaratilgan xavfsizlik siyosatlari (System-Specific Security Policies,
SSSP): mazkur xavfsizlik siyosatini amalga oshirishda tashkilotdagi biror
tizimning umumiy xavfsizligini ta’minlash ko‘zda tutiladi. Bunda tashkilotlar
tizimni madadlash maqsadida muolajalar va standartlarni o‘z ichiga oigan SSSP
siyosatini ishlab chiqadilar va boshqaradilar. Bundan tashqari, tashkilot
tomonidan foydalanilgan texnologiyalar tizimga qaratilgan siyosatlarni o‘z
ichiga oladi. Bu siyosat texnologiyani amalga oshirish, sozlash va
foydalanuvchilar harakatlarini hisobga olishi mumkin.
Tashkilotlarda turli maqsadlarga qaratilgan ko‘plab xavfsizlik siyosatlari mavjud
bo‘lishi mumkin. Quyida ularning ayrimlari keltirilgan.
So‘zning o‘z ma’no va ko‘chma ma’nolari

So‘zning o‘z ma’no va ko‘chma ma’nolari
. So‘z ma’nosi ko‘chishi
natijasida o‘z va ko‘chma ma’no hosil bo‘ladi.
So‘zlarning nutq jarayoniga bog’liq bo‘lmagan atash ma’nosi o‘z ma’no
(denotativ, bosh, atash ma’no)si sanaladi.
248
So‘zning nutqdagi boshqa so‘zlarga bog’lanib hosil qilinadigan yondosh
ma’nosi ko‘chma ma’no (konnotativ ma’no) hisoblanadi. Masalan: odamning
qulog’i o‘z ma’noda, qozonning qulog’i ko‘chma ma’noda.
Tasviriy ifodalar.
Biror narsa, hodisani boshqa bir narsa va hodisaga
o‘xshatish orqali tasvirlab ifodalashga tasviriy ifoda deyiladi. Tasviriy ifodalar
nutqimiz ta’sirchanligini ta’minlaydi: osmon-moviy gumbaz; qora oltin -neft
Iboralar
(turg’un birikmalar) – ma’noviy butunlik uchun birlashgan
yaxlitlangan bo‘lib, bir leksik ma’noni anglatadi. Iboralarga bir so‘z sifatida
qaraladi, lug‘atlarda so‘zlar qatorida beriladi, chunki ular ham so‘zlar kabi ma’no
ifodalaydi. Masalan, ko‘zini yog‘ bosgan iborasi- “mag’rurlangan”, yog‘ tushsa
yalagudek iborasi – “toza” ma’nosini beradi, ammo bu ma’nolarni obrazli tarzda
ifodalaydi.
Termin (atama).
Fikrni maqsadni yaqqol aniq qilib berishda ma’nosi
aniqlashgan, ishlatilish doirasi nihoyatda cheklangan, aynan bir tushunchanigina
ifodalab kelgan so‘zlar termin (atama) deyiladi. (lotinchadan
chegara belgisi, chek
ma’nosini anglatadi).
Sohaviy terminlar va ularning qo‘llanishi
Har bir tilda o‘zining ishlatilishi doirasiga ko‘ra cheklangan, asosan birgina
ma’noga ega bo‘lgan, birgina tushunchani ifodalaydigan so‘zlar ham bo‘ladi.
Bunday so‘zlar, xususan fan-texnika, san’at, siyosat, til va adabiyot,
hunarmandchilik kabi turli sohalarda uchraydi.
Terminlarning muhim xususiyati shundaki, ular ko‘p ma’noli bo‘lmaydi,
ko‘chma ma’noda ishlatilishi nihoyatda kam uchraydi. Lekin amaliyotda ba’zi bir
terminlar, masalan, hozirgi zamon rus va o‘zbek tillarida operatsiya so‘zi termin
sifatida:
1) meditsina sohasida yorish, kesish, kesib olib tashlash, yangisini solish va
shu yo‘llar bilan kasallikni tuzatish, davolash ma’nosida;
2) harbiy sohada biror vazifa va maqsadni amalga oshirishga qaratilgan
urush harakatlari ma’nosida;
249
3) davlat idoralarida rasmiy muomala (masalan, bank operatsiyasi, pochta
operatsiyasi kabi) ma’nolarda qo‘llaniladi.
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-topshiriq - Gayubova komila anvarovna yulanova nargiza davlatovna akademik yozuv

243
kashfiyotlar, nazariyalar, tadqiqot natijalari, o‘tmishdagi olimlar va zamonaviy
olimlar tomonidan olib borilgan tajribalar jarayoni, turli qurilmalar, asboblar,
apparatlardan amaliy foydalanish haqida ma’lumotlar ularning batafsil tavsifisiz
bo‘lishi mumkin, yaqinda bo‘lib o‘tgan va tarixiy voqealar, ilm-fan va
texnologiyaning hozirgi holati, yutuqlar, kashfiyotlar, muammolar va istiqbollar
beriladi. Ushbu ma’lumot tahlil qilinmaydi, faqat aytiladi.
Obyektlarni taqdim etish
– bu tahlil elementlari bilan keng qamrovli taqdim
etish. Ushbu turdagi matn o‘quvchida obyektlar va tarkibiy qismlar haqida aniq
tushunchani hosil qiladi, ularning holati va makondagi joylashuvi haqida tasavvur
beradi.
Bu yerda obyektlarning tarkibiy, sifatli, miqdoriy xususiyatlarini uchratamiz:
tuzilishi, tarkibi, shakli, o‘lchami, kattaligi, vazni, o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari. Bu
moddalarning fizik va kimyoviy xususiyatlari haqida ma’lumotni o‘z ichiga olishi
kerak. Bundan tashqari, tushunchalar va hodisalar taqdim etish obyektlari sifatida
xizmat qilishi mumkin.
Jarayonlarni taqdim etish - Gayubova komila anvarovna yulanova nargiza davlatovna akademik yozuv

245
Muzey kolleksiyasini to‘plashda o‘zi uchun qimmatli tarixiy buyumlarni
xolisona taqdim etib jamoatchilik ham o‘z hissasini qo‘shdi.
Shunday qilib, Toshkent shahrida mamlakatimizda telekommunikatsiya
sohasi tashkil etilishi va rivojlanishi yo‘lini namoyish etuvchi, 400 dan ortiq
turli eksponatlardan jamlangan Aloqa tarixi muzeyi o‘z faoliyatini boshladi.
Uch qavatli muzey turli ekspozitsiyalarga boy: misol uchun yuqorida
tasvirlangan, bir necha yuz yillar davomida foydalanilgan pochta aravasi
maketi birinchi qavatda joylashtirilgan.
Maket doimo o‘z ishining ustalari deb
hisoblangan Qo‘qonlik hunarmandlar
tomonidan
haqiqiy
kattaligida
tayyorlangan.
Bundan
tashqari,
muzeyning shu qavatida mutaxassislar,
olimlar, tashrif buyuruvchilar o‘rtasida
muloqot va norasmiy uchrashuvlar hamda munozaralar o‘tkazish joyi tashkil
etilgan.
Matn yuzasidan savol va topshiriqlar
1. Matndagi aloqa tarixiga doir termin va iboralarni ko‘chirib yozing va
ularning ma’nosini izohlang.
2. Nima uchun muzeylarni o‘tmish va kelajak orasidagi ko‘prikka
qiyoslanadi?
3. O‘z shahringiz (viloyatingiz)da qanday muzeylar bor?
4. Muzeydagi biror eksponat haqida so‘zlab bering.
- topshiriq - Gayubova komila anvarovna yulanova nargiza davlatovna akademik yozuv

247
Leksikologiyada
so‘zlar, ularning kelib chiqishi (etimologiyasi), ma’nosi
va ma’no taraqqiyoti (so‘zlarning o‘z va ko‘chma ma’nolari, shakl va ma’no
munosabatiga ko‘ra turlari), turg’un birikmalar (frazeologik birikmalar) va
bo‘shqa shu kabi masalalar o‘rganiladi.
Tilning leksik qatlami
Bizga ma’lumki, so‘z va uning ma’nolarini o‘rganuvchi tilshunoslik
bo‘limiga
leksikologiya
deyiladi. So‘zning grammatik ma’no bildiruvchi
qo‘shimchalarsiz qismi
leksema
sanaladi. So‘z lug’aviy ma’no (masalan: qalam-
o‘quv quroli), va grammatik ma’noga ega bo‘ladi (masalan: qalam- ot, turdosh ot,
birlikda, turlanmagan). Mustaqil so‘zlar ham lug’aviy, ham grammatik ma’no
ifodalaydi; yordamchi so‘zlar esa faqat grammatik ma’noni bildiradi. Lug’aviy
ma’no anglatuvchi til birliklari lug’aviy birliklar deyiladi. Lug’aviy birliklar
quyidagilar: 1) so‘z; 2) ibora; 3) termin (atama); 4) qo‘shma so‘z; 5) tasviriy ifoda.
So‘zlar
bir ma’noli (monosemantik) va ko‘p ma’noli (polisemantik) bo‘ladi.
Atoqli otlar va terminlar odatda bir ma’noli bo‘ladi. Masalan: termometr, affiks,
prefiks, Andijon, Samarqand, Toshkent. So‘zlarning ko‘p ma’noliligi kontekstda
aniqlanadi. Demak, polisemantik so‘zda so‘z bitta, ma’no ko‘p bo‘ladi.
Configuring License Servers for High Availability

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Configuring License Servers for High Availability
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In determining the location of a license server, discoverability is the most critical factor. A domain, site, or workgroup that hosts terminal servers must also host a license server. The recommended method of configuring license servers for high availability is to install at least two license servers that have available Terminal Services CALs. Each server will then advertise in Active Directory® directory service as enterprise license servers with regard to the following
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License Server Security Group Policy

License Server Security Group Policy
Computer Configuration/Administrative Templates/Windows Components/Terminal Services/Licensing
You can use this setting to control which servers are issued licenses. By default, a terminal server license server issues a license to any computer that requests one.
For example, this policy might be useful in a departmental deployment in which each department purchases its own TS CALs and terminal servers. This policy allow a department to control which terminal servers are able to request TS CAL tokens from their license server(s).
If the status is set to Enabled, the terminal server license Server grants licenses only to computers whose computer accounts are placed in the Terminal Services Computers local group. When the license server is a domain controller, this group is a domain local group.
Notes
1. The Terminal Services Computers group is empty by default. The terminal server license server does not grant licenses to any computers unless you explicitly populate this group.
2. The most efficient way to manage terminal server computer accounts is to create a global group containing the accounts of all terminal servers and license servers that must receive licenses. Then, place this global group into the local (or domain local) Terminal Services Computers group. This method allows a domain administrator to manage a single list of computer accounts.
3. To add a computer account to a group, open the Computer Management snap-in, navigate to the Properties page of the group, and click Add. On the Select Users, Computers, or Groups dialog box, click Object Types and then check Computers.
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Administration - Published: May 2003 Updated: May 2005

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Published: May 2003 Updated: May 2005
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Administration
The primary tool used to manage the licensing service is the Terminal Server Licensing admin tool, which is installed by default. This tool is used to activate the license server, install licenses tokens, view the data contained in the license database, and generally administer the license server. The other tools, including the Terminal Server License Reporting tool, Terminal Server Client License Test tool and the Terminal Server License Server View tool are described below.
The Terminal Server Licensing tool provides for the administration of the license server. When started, it displays a list of all discoverable license servers (see Figure 2) and can be used to administer any of those servers from a single location.
Figure 2 Terminal Server Licensing tool
Selecting a license server allows it to be managed. Supported activities include:
Many of the activities in the preceding list are related to communication with the Microsoft Clearinghouse. The centralized management capabilities of this tool simplify the process by allowing a single, Internet-connected site to provide these services for an enterprise.
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Prevent License Upgrade Policy

Prevent License Upgrade Policy
Computer Configuration/Administrative Templates/Windows Components/Terminal Services/Licensing
A license server attempts to provide the most appropriate Client Access License (CAL) for a connection. For example, a license server provides a Windows 2000 TS CAL token for clients connecting to a terminal server running Windows 2000 and a Windows Server 2003 Family Per Device TS CAL token for a connection to a terminal server running Windows Server 2003.
By default, this per-computer setting allows a license server to supply a Windows Server 2003 Family Device TS CAL token, if available, to a terminal server running Windows 2000 if there are no Windows 2000 TS CAL tokens available.
If the status is set to Enabled, when a terminal server running Windows 2000 requests a license, but no Windows 2000 TS CAL token is available, a temporary CAL is issued if the client has not already been issued a temporary CAL. Otherwise, no CAL is issued and the client is refused connection, unless the terminal server is within its grace period.
Note
This policy only applies to Device CAL tokens, as there is only one version of User CAL tokens.
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-topshiriq
. 
“Fikrlar majmuasi”

75
bunday yaqinlashuv 1226 yil 4 martida yuz bergan. 16-25 dekabr kunlari
Yupiter va Saturn o‘rtasidagi masofa Yerdan turib kuzatilganda to‘lin
oyning beshdan bir qismiga teng bo‘ladi va ikki sayyora go‘yoki qo‘sh
sayyoradek ko‘rinadi.
Internetdagi ko‘plab foydalanuvchilar yangi yaratilgan robot-delfin haddan
ortiq reallashtirilganini ta’kidlamoqda va hatto loyiha mualliflarini
falsifikatsiyada gumonlayapti.
Ekvator aholisi bu hodisani kuzatish uchun eng yaxshi sharoitga ega bo‘ladi,
ammo uni ob-havo sharoiti imkon bersa, dunyoning istalgan burchagidan
kuzatish mumkin bo‘ladi. Sayyoralar quyosh botgandan bir soat keyin
osmonning g’arbida ko‘rina boshlaydi. Kuzatuvchi qanchalik shimolroqda
joylashgan bo‘lsa, sayyoralar ufq ortiga ketmasidan unda ushbu hodisani
kuzatish uchun shunchalik kamroq vaqt bo‘ladi.
Robot Xitoyda pandemiyaga qarshi kurash doirasida yovvoyi hayvonlar
savdosiga taqiq qo‘yilgani sabab mamlakatdagi akvariumlardan biri
tomonidan buyurtma qilingan. Umuman olganda, loyiha mualliflari bu kabi
robotlar pandemiyadan keyin ham ommalashishini prognoz qilmoqda.
Mutaxassislarning ta’kidlashicha, sayyoralar keyingi safar 2080 yil 15
martda, so‘ngra 2400 yildagina yana bir-biriga yaqin keladi.
Gayubova komila anvarovna yulanova nargiza davlatovna akademik yozuv - bet 32

63
b)__________________________;
d)__________________________.
2. __________________________________:
a)__________________________;
b)__________________________;
d)__________________________.
III.Xulosa.___________________.
Reja bandlarining belgilanish tartibini quyidagicha modellashtirish
mumkin:
I>1.>1);//a);.
Ba’zan, o‘quvchilar she’riy yo‘l bilan reja tuzishga harakat qilishadi.
Bunday
rejalarni tuzish oson emas, albatta. Lekin har bir reja bandining she’riy
tarzda berilishi aniqlikka, maqsadning to‘g’ri ifodalanishiga monelik qiladi. Reja
bandlaridan bir-ikkitasinigina mavzuga mos she’riy
misralar orqali ifodalash
mumkin.
Mavzuga mos holda tuzilgan reja insho matnini mantiqiy izchillikda bayon
etishga yordam beradi, insho qismlarining mutanosibligini ta’minlaydi.
Shuningdek, ortiqcha takrorlar, mavzudan chetga chiqish hollariga yo‘l qo‘ymaydi.
Rejaning har bir bandiga javob yozishda mavzuni
yoritish uchun misollar va
sitatalar keltirish o‘rinli bo‘ladi. Sitatalar insho matnida o‘rtaga tashlangan fikrni
dalillaydi.
Xulosa
qilib aytganda, insho rejasini tuzishda mavzu mohiyatini anglagan
hamda o‘zbek tilining imlo qoidalariga rioya qilgan holda ish tutish lozim.