nyuuzyou/kompy huggingface dataset:
UserID and Password - 2000 work around process disclaimer

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2000 work around process disclaimer
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bet | 3/7 | Sana | 22.07.2021 | Hajmi | 0,73 Mb. | | #15614 |
Your UserId and Password that you presently used for ECMS:
Example:
Userid: dllsetup
Password: password1
Example:
You will need to click the ‘Go’ button then to enter into the System.
There are a couple of possibilities of what can happen at this point:
If you have already installed the ‘Certificate’ from PENNDOT
If you have not installed the ‘Certificate’ from PENNDOT
You are prompted about installing ‘Certificates’ from PENNDOT
You enter into the ECMS Application.
Certificate not Installed Instructions on installing the Certificate:
Attempting to access the ECMS system from a client that has never accessed ECMS before will require a Certificate to be installed/accepted on their machine. Typically after they log in to the system prior to the application actually starting they will be prompted about the Certificate. Below is the process to install the Certificate.
Click the ‘View Certificate’ – your ‘Issued To’ will be different
Click the ‘Install Certificate’
Accept the default selected and Click ’Next>’
And the above message box should appear and click ‘OK’
You will need to install it a second time as well to make sure that it has actually installed on your machine – so repeat the process
You will view the Certificate, now click ‘Install Certificate’
click ‘OK’ at the bottom of the Certificate
Now close out of that area and return to the ’Security Alert’ pop up
at this time you should be allowed into the application
you may have to log out then log back in, if this is the first time into the application
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5-ma’ruza. Mobil qurilmalarda axborot xavfsizligi

5-ma’ruza. Mobil qurilmalarda axborot xavfsizligi
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5-ma’ruza. Mobil qurilmalarda axborot xavfsizligi
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CLUBS WITH MULTIPLE - Microsoft PowerPoint 14-06-2022-1655195854Iot xs ppt

• Each student is either given a RFID or QR Code, or
has his face enrolled into the system.
• Upon reaching the classroom/lecture hall, the
student scans his Card or Face, for getting Entry.
The Student ID against this credential is pushed to
Cloud(Broker) instantaneously.
• The Application software subscribes to this
information from the broker to get the ID for
immediate validation. If the student is found to be
valid for that Course, based on the Time
Table/Lecture Hall allocation, he is allowed Access,
to open the door. Else, his access is denied.
• Student access may be denied even if he has not
paid the fees for his tutorials based on similar logic.
• All transaction & occupancy data is posted for audit
& Attendance purposes.
End User 
Experience - Microsoft PowerPoint 14-06-2022-1655195854Iot xs ppt

VISITOR MANAGEMENT
• Visitor Management will work on Cloud mode. The Visitor
Face will be captured with picture, alongside other
demographic details. Visitor will be allowed inside the access
controlled gate, after due authorisation from the person they
want to meet, using soft URL link with QR Code, which will
only become active, once the visitor has reported.
• The Access to reach the door, where the meeting officer sits,
will be auto-downloaded, as part of visitor onboarding. If
internal doors are having face device, the visitor Face may be
downloaded on those door Face machine, with face
identification.
• The Soft URL Link, having the Access QR Code will
automatically become invalid after the Visitor check-out.
• Face machine with Temperature sensor may also be
integrated in case it is required to log the temperature of the
visitor, while they enter the premises, for compliance.
Live Experience follows… - Microsoft PowerPoint 14-06-2022-1655195854Iot xs ppt

Live Experience follows…
Have we created a hurly-burly(
खलबल ) in your mind !!
It is more relevant to deploy
newer technologies like
Face Recognition devices &
QR Code Readers etc., after
the Virus threat with newer
Cloud/IoT based
technologies
It is required to have the
Access Management system
Push technologies, online with
dash-board, IoT protocol with
Cloud enablement, possibility
to integrate it other
applications such as intelligent
Visitor Management, Video
Surveillance etc.
Access management decision
are based on data being
maintained in parallel
systems & it is required to
validate the access to the
organisation using Complex
logic based on dynamic data
such as subscription,
Compliance, Occupancy etc..
Customer has a need in mind & we will provide them the Solution…
New emerging market is created with a lot of business opportunities for the experienced SI’s
Thank You!
Computer
Science and
Manufacturing
Energy and
Agriculture
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End User 
Experience - Microsoft PowerPoint 14-06-2022-1655195854Iot xs ppt

• The Face for each Contract employee will be read
by the Face Recognition terminals connected to
the Access Control(Flap/Boom Barrier).
• The ID number of the
contract employee will be
posted to CLMS for validating him from their
database, based on various check-list.
• In case of debarring access suitable message
shall be shown on the Face machine display such
that the Contract employee may understand the
reason for denied access, for info & action.
• The Attendance data shall be available online to
CLMS from the Cloud based Access Control for
Salary & MIS purpose.
• This may be achieved using the IoT XS solution in
the back-end with API integration for the Face
machine or may be achieved directly by PUB/SUB
based JSON protocol, as well.
Special comments - Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual

Evidence
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Efficacy
High-dose versus low-dose for HSV treatment:
An open-label evaluation of IV aciclovir prospectively compared 16 patients receiving 45 mg/kg/day and 72 patients receiving 60 mg/kg/day in divided doses to historical controls from a previously reported trial which used 30 mg/kg/day. Survival rate for the high-dose aciclovir was found to be significantly greater than for low-dose aciclovir. Recipients of high-dose aciclovir also had a borderline significant decrease in morbidity. Neutropenia, renal dysfunction, abnormal platelet count, low haemoglobin and elevated AST were noted but the possible adverse drug reactions of high-dose aciclovir couldn’t be separated from the effects of viral infection and underlying medical conditions. 20 mg/kg/dose 8 hourly aciclovir is also recommended by American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases (ASID).1,2,6 (LOE III-3, GOR C)
HSV suppression following treatment to prevent CNS sequelae:
Neonates were enrolled in two parallel, identical, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Neonates with central nervous system (CNS) involvement were enrolled in one study, and neonates with skin, eye, and mouth involvement only were enrolled in the other. After completing a regimen of 14 to 21 days of parenteral aciclovir, the infants were randomly assigned to immediate aciclovir suppression (300 mg per square meter of body-surface area per dose orally, three times daily for 6 months) or placebo. The Mental Development Index of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development was assessed at 12 months of age in 28 of 45 infants enrolled with HSV CNS involvement. After adjustment for covariates, infants assigned to aciclovir suppression had significantly higher mean scores than infants assigned to placebo. There was a trend toward more neutropenia in the aciclovir group (1,5) (LOE II, GOR B).
VZV (Varicella zoster virus) treatment:
20 mg/kg/dose 8 hourly is recommended by ASID guidelines but is not supported by data from any trial.
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Contraindications - Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual

Compatibility
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Fluids: Glucose 5%, glucose 10%, sodium chloride 0.9%.
Y site: Alfentanil, amikacin, aminophylline, ascorbic acid, atracurium, atropine sulfate, aztreonam, calcium chloride, calcium gluconate, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, dexamethasone, dopamine, adrenaline (epinephrine), fentanyl, furosemide (frusemide), gentamicin, heparin sodium, hydrocortisone, indomethacin, magnesium sulfate, midazolam, morphine, phenobarbital (phenobarbitone), sodium bicarbonate, vancomycin.
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Stability - Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual

For enemas, solutions of acetylcysteine should not exceed 4% to avoid mucosal injury and hypernatraemic dehydration.
Monitor electrolytes and liver function tests particularly with repeated administration.
There are insufficient data to determine the safety and efficacy of acetylcysteine via nasogastric tube or enema for meconium ileus of prematurity and gastric and intestinal milk curd obstruction (lactobezoar) in preterm infants, particularly in respect to other approaches and agents. [LOE IV, GOR D]
Acetylcysteine T-tube ileostomy irrigation has been used for infants with meconium ileus associated with cystic fibrosis. [LOE IV GOR D]
The ESPGHAN Cystic Fibrosis Working Group recommend that use of acetylcysteine administered orally has been superseded by diatrizoic acid (Gastrografin) in children with an acute episode of distal intestinal obstruction [12]. Oral osmotic laxatives containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) or lactulose are recommended alternatives when needed for prophylaxis against DIOS. [12] [LOE IV GOR D]
There are no published reports of use of acetylcysteine for irrigation of the upper pouch in infants with oesophageal atresia.
Irrigation of upper oesophageal pouch in tracheo-oesophageal fistula – no reported evidence. For refractory cases with thick secretions not responding to sodium chloride 0.9% irrigation – subject to surgeon’s approval – 5 mL/hour of acetylcysteine 4% through Replogle tube.
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Management of vitamin K deficiency bleeding

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Management of vitamin K deficiency bleeding
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bet | 648/654 | Sana | 03.01.2022 | Hajmi | 1,5 Mb. | | #14803 |
Management of vitamin K deficiency bleeding: Administer Vitamin K1 (phytomenadione) 1 mg intravenously slowly (LOE IV, GOR B). Give subcutaneously if venous access not available.6
Pharmacokinetics: In healthy, fully breast-fed, newborn babies, significantly higher plasma vitamin K1 concentrations were reported several weeks after IM as compared to oral vitamin K1. Half-life of oral and intramuscular vitamin K1 were considerably longer in newborn infants (median 76 hours; range 26 to 193 hours) 7, 8 compared to adults (6 hours; range 2–26 hours)9. Re-dosing of oral vitamin K1 is recommended by 1 month in breast fed infants.8 (LOE II GOR B)
In preterm infants and sick infants unable to receive intramuscular vitamin K1, 0.3 mg/kg intravenously resulted in similar serum concentrations as oral administration of 3 mg vitamin K1 and after intramuscular administration of 1.5 mg vitamin K1. Supports recommendation for intravenous 0.4 mg/kg phytomenadione - vitamin K1 - Konakion MM Paediatric in infants unable to receive oral or intramuscular vitamin K1.7 (LOE IV, GOR B).
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Aciclovir - Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual

High risk medicine.
Increased risk of renal impairment if there is concomitant use of other nephrotoxic drugs, pre-existing renal disease or dehydration.
Turbidity or crystallisation may occur even when mixed with compatible fluids. Discard preparation if this occurs before or during the infusion.
Highly alkaline and IV extravasation can cause severe tissue damage.
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Contraindications - Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual

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Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual
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bet | 16/654 | Sana | 03.01.2022 | Hajmi | 1,5 Mb. | | #14803 |
Contraindications
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Known hypersensitivity to aciclovir, valganciclovir or any component of the product.
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Precautions
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Increased risk of renal impairment if there is concomitant use of other nephrotoxic drugs, pre-existing renal disease or dehydration. Administration interval may be lengthened to minimise renal effects. Refer to the renal adjustment dose in the dose adjustment section.
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Drug interactions
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Concurrent use with other nephrotoxic drugs may cause renal impairment (gentamicin, furosemide).
Concurrent use with ceftriaxone may cause renal impairment.
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Adverse reactions
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Neutropenia, thrombocytopenia may occur.
May cause
neurotoxicity with lethargy, tremor, and agitation.
transient renal impairment which is minimised by a slow administration rate.
transient rise in AST and total bilirubin.
phlebitis at IV injection site (highly alkaline solution). The solution can be made more dilute.
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Compatibility
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Fluids: sodium chloride 0.45%, sodium chloride 0.9%
Compatible via Y-site : Amikacin, ampicillin, anidulafungin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefazolin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, dexamethasone, doripenem, erythromycin, fluconazole, heparin sodium, hydrocortisone sodium succinate, imipenem–cilastatin, linezolid, lorazepam, magnesium sulfate, methylprednisolone sodium succinate, metronidazole, potassium chloride, ranitidine, remifentanil, sodium bicarbonate, tobramycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, vancomycin, zidovudine
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Incompatibility
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Amino acid/glucose solution, glucose-containing solutions, adrenaline (epinephrine) hydrochloride, aztreonam, caffeine citrate, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, dobutamine, dopamine, esmolol, gentamicin, hydralazine, ketamine, labetalol, lidocaine (lignocaine), midazolam, pentamidine, phenylephrine, piperacillin–tazobactam (EDTA-free), potassium phosphate, sodium nitroprusside, sodium phosphate, ticarcillin–clavulanate, vecuronium, verapamil.
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Stability
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Diluted solutions should be used as soon as practicable, discard unused portion.
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Storage
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Store below 25°C. Do NOT refrigerate (may result in precipitation).
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Excipients
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Sodium hydroxide
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Incompatibility - Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual

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Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual
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bet | 647/654 | Sana | 03.01.2022 | Hajmi | 1,5 Mb. | | #14803 |
Incompatibility
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Fluids: Fat emulsion (intravenous)
Y-site: Amphotericin (conventional), ampicillin, dantrolene sodium, diazepam, diazoxide, dobutamine, haloperidol lactate, hydralazine, magnesium sulfate, methylprednisolone, phenytoin, promethazine, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim.
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Stability
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Use immediately.
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Storage
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Store below 25OC. Protect from light.
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Check ampoule carefully as an adult 10 mg ampoule (Konakion MM Adult) is also available.
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Evidence summary
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Australian NH&MRC Guideline: All newborn infants should receive vitamin K prophylaxis.
Healthy newborn infants should receive vitamin K1 either:
By intramuscular injection of 1 mg (0.1 mL) of Konakion® MM Paediatric at birth.
This is the preferred route for reliability of administration and level of compliance.
Or
As three 2 mg (0.2 mL) oral doses of Konakion® MM Paediatric, given at birth, at the time of newborn screening (usually at three to five days of age) and in the fourth week. 1
Newborns who are too unwell and are unable to take oral vitamin K1 (or whose mothers have taken medications that interfere with vitamin K metabolism) should be given 1 mg of Konakion® MM Paediatric by intramuscular injection at birth. A smaller intramuscular dose of 0.5 mg (0.05 mL) should be given to infants with a birth weight of less than 1.5 kg.1
Efficacy:
A single dose (1.0 mg) of intramuscular vitamin K1 after birth is effective in the prevention of classic HDN. Either intramuscular or oral (1.0 mg) vitamin K prophylaxis improves biochemical indices of coagulation status at 1–7 days. Neither intramuscular nor oral vitamin K1 has been tested in randomised trials with respect to effect on late HDN. When three doses of oral vitamin K1 are compared to a single dose of intramuscular vitamin K1, the plasma vitamin K1 concentrations are higher in the oral group at two weeks and two months, but, again, there is no evidence of a difference in coagulation status. (LOE II, GOR B)2
Continuous oral prophylaxis with weekly doses of 1 mg or daily doses of 25 microgram for 3 months appears to be the most effective dosing strategy. Studies using 3 x 2 mg (days 1, 4–10, and 28–42) reported an incidence of late VKDB at 0.4–0.87 per 105 infants. (LOE III-2, GOR B).3, 4
Failure of prophylaxis occurs principally with parental refusal of infant vitamin K1 and in infants with cholestasis (prolonged jaundice). (LOE III-2, GOR B) 4, 5
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Requirements to accomplish these tasks are as follows

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Requirements to accomplish these tasks are as follows
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bet | 2/7 | Sana | 22.07.2021 | Hajmi | 0,73 Mb. | | #15614 |
Requirements to accomplish these tasks are as follows:
Admin rights to the target machine in which the Support_DLL is going to be installed on
Access to the internet
Windows 2000 on the target system
IE 6.0 or better
WinZip (recommended)
Ability to adjust the Security and Privacy settings in Internet Explorer
The following will be a step by step set of instruction in which to follow to accomplish the task of installing the Support_DLL.
Installation Instructions
Connect to the site
You will need to access the internet and enter the following URL address:
http://www.dot2.state.pa.us
This is a screen shot of what this page should look like or very similar.
Log in to ECMS
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Zoster Immunoglobulin - Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual

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Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual
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bet | 652/654 | Sana | 03.01.2022 | Hajmi | 1,5 Mb. | | #14803 |
Zoster Immunoglobulin
Revision Date : 28/2/2021
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Approved: TC, KOH
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Indication :
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Prevention of Varicella infection in babies or young infants with family contacts recently developing chicken pox or shingles.
Post exposure prophylaxis for babies of mothers who have developed chicken pox from 7 days prior to 7 days after delivery.
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Dose :
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125 IU
62.5 IU in patients weighing less than 2 kg
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Interval :
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Once only, but the dose may be repeated if a second exposure occurs more than 3 weeks after the first dose.
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Route :
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I.M.
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Total Daily Dose :
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Comments :
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- Not useful in the management of established infection.
- ZIG must be given as early as possible in the incubation period within 96 hours of exposure if possible but may be given up to 10 days post exposure.
- Side effects include Injection site pain, fever, vomiting, rash, fatigue and sweating
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Supplied as :
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ZIG - CSL. Available from blood bank.
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Dilution :
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Nil.
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Stability :
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After reconstitution, may be stored for up to 12 hours under refrigeration.
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Storage :
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Refrigerate at 2 - 8oC. Do not freeze. Protect from light.
Bring to room temperature before deep intramuscular administration.
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Incompatibility :
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NA
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Serum Levels :
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NA
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References:
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1. Levin MJ, Duchon JM, Swamy GK, Gershon AA. Varicella zoster immune globulin (VARIZIG) administration up to 10 days after varicella exposure in pregnant women, immunocompromised participants, and infants: Varicella outcomes and safety results from a large, open-label, expanded-access program. PLoS One. 2019 Jul 3;14(7):e0217749. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217749. PMID: 31269033; PMCID: PMC6608934.
2. Tebruegge M, Pantazidou A, Curtis N. Towards evidence based medicine for paediatricians. How effective is varicella-zoster immunoglobulin (VZIG) in preventing chickenpox in neonates following perinatal exposure? Arch Dis Child. 2009 Jul;94(7):559-61. doi: 10.1136/adc.2008.154542. PMID: 19542068.
3. South Australian Neonatal Medication Guidelines
4. UpToDate -Varicella-Zoster Immune Globulin (Human) Drug Information
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Original version Date: 2014
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Author: DD
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Current Version number: 2.0
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Version Date: 1/3/2021
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Risk Rating: Low
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Due for Review: 16/11/2026
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Approved by: DTC
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Approval Date: TBA
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References - Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual

1. NHMRC. Joint statement and recommendations on vitamin K administration to newborn infants to prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding in infancy. National Health and Medical Research Council; 2010.
2. Puckett RM, Offringa M. Prophylactic vitamin K for vitamin K deficiency bleeding in neonates. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2000:CD002776.
3. Ipema HJ. Use of oral vitamin K for prevention of late vitamin k deficiency bleeding in neonates when injectable vitamin K is not available. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 2012;46:879-83.
4. Laubscher B, Banziger O, Schubiger G, Swiss Paediatric Surveillance U. Prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding with three oral mixed micellar phylloquinone doses: results of a 6-year (2005-2011) surveillance in Switzerland. European Journal of Pediatrics. 2013;172:357-60.
5. Busfield A, Samuel R, McNinch A, Tripp JH. Vitamin K deficiency bleeding after NICE guidance and withdrawal of Konakion Neonatal: British Paediatric Surveillance Unit study, 2006-2008. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2013;98:41-7.
6. Williams MD, Chalmers EA, Gibson BE, Haemostasis, Thrombosis Task Force BCfSiH. The investigation and management of neonatal haemostasis and thrombosis. British Journal of Haematology. 2002;119:295-309.
7. Raith W, Fauler G, Pichler G, Muntean W. Plasma concentrations after intravenous administration of phylloquinone (vitamin K(1)) in preterm and sick neonates. Thrombosis Research. 2000;99:467-72.
8. Stoeckel K, Joubert PH, Gruter J. Elimination half-life of vitamin K1 in neonates is longer than is generally assumed: implications for the prophylaxis of haemorrhaghic disease of the newborn. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1996;49:421-3.
9. Marinova M, Lutjohann D, Breuer O, Kolsch H, Westhofen P, Watzka M, Mengel M, Stoffel-Wagner B, Hartmann G, Coch C, Oldenburg J. VKORC1-dependent pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral phylloquinone (vitamin K1) mixed micelles formulation. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2013;69:467-75.
9. MIMS Online August 2015.
10. Australian Injectable Drugs Handbook, 6th Edition, Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia 2014
11. Thomson Reuters (2011). Neofax. Twenty fourth Edition.
12.Trissel’s online via Micromedex
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References - Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual

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Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual
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bet | 653/654 | Sana | 03.01.2022 | Hajmi | 1,5 Mb. | | #14803 |
References:
Kemp CA, McDowell JM editors Paediatric Pharmacopoeia. 13th Edition. Melbourne: Pharmacy Department, Royal Children’s Hospital, 2002.
Pagliaro LA, Pagliaro AM editors. 2nd Edition. Illinois: Problems in Paediatric Drug Therapy. 1987.
Johnson KB. The Harnet Lane Handbook. 13th Edition. St Louis, Mosby Year Book, Inc. 1993.
Neofax accessed on www.neofax.micromedex.solutions.com on 2-3-2021.
Trissel LA. Handbook on injectable drugs. 11th Edition. Bethesda, American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. 2001.
Aminophylline product information, Mulgrave, Victoria. FH Faulding and CO Ltd (Trading as David Bull Laboratories). TGA Approval 19 May 1998. Date of most recent amendment 21 August 2000.
Therapeutic Guidelines: Antibiotics. 11th Edition. Melbourne. Therapeutic Guidelines Ltd. 2000.
Morris N. Australian injectable drugs handbook. 2nd Edition. South Melbourne, Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia. 1999.
Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation. The Australian Immunisation Handbook. 7th Edition. Canberra, Australian Government Publishing Service. 2000.
Carlton JB. The handbook of parenteral drug administration. 4th Edition. Shepparton, Victoria. 1997.
http://www.health.gov.au/internet/immunise/publishing.nsf/content/F11B0C092AC5A5D3CA25719D00183398/$File/nip-schedule-card-july07.pdf
http://www.health.gov.au/internet/immunise/publishing.nsf/content/nips
Royal Hospital for Women Neonatal Drug Protocol Manual, 2012.
http://www.kemh.health.wa.gov.au/services/nccu/guidelines/drug_protocols.htm
Flippin Blood, Second edition June 2012 Quick reference guide
Blood and Blood Product Administration SOP Issued September 2012
Massive Transfusion SOP Issued September 2012
Weiss, A.L. Et al (2013). Septic Shock: Ongoing management after resuscitation in Children. Up To Date.
Silvergleid, A. Et al (2013). Clinical use of plasma components. UpToDate
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Kiber hujumlar - 5-ma’ruza. Mobil qurilmalarda axborot xavfsizligi

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5-ma’ruza. Mobil qurilmalarda axborot xavfsizligiBog'liq 5-MaruzaKiber hujumlar. Oddiy odamlarni nishonga oluvchi Internet xurujlari ortida, asosan, moddiy
boylik orttirishni maqsad qilgan jinoiy shaxs yoki guruhlar turadi. Ular odamlarning elektron
pochta- lari, kompyuter yoki boshqa elektron qurilmalariga kirib olib, shaxsiy ma‟lumotlarni
o„girlashadi va shu orqali ularning bank yoki kredit karta ma‟lumotlarini topib, ulardan pul
o„marishadi. Shaxsiy ma‟lumotlar, fotosurat va videolarni o„g„irlab, ularni tarqatib yuborish tahdidi
bilan odamlarga tahdid (shantaj) qilib, pul talab qilishlari ham mumkin.
Hukumat idoralari ham noqonuniy faoliyat bilan shug„ullanuvchi shaxslarni topish uchun
Internetdan keng foydalanmoqda. Agar shubhali yoki bahsli sayt va onlayn resurslardan
foydalansangiz va ulardan qanday xavfsiz foydalanish yo„llarini bilmasangiz, hech qanday jinoyat
sodir qilmagan taqdiringizda ham, xavfsizlik idoralari e‟tiboriga tushib qolishingiz mumkin va bu
siz uchun istalmagan noxushliklarni keltirib chiqarishi mumkin.
Internet xavfsizligi. Yuqorida keltirilgan noxush holatlarning oldini olish uchun Internetdan
xavfsiz foydalanish yo„l-yo„riqlarini bilish kerak. Virus va zararli dasturlar hujumidan saqlanish
uchun, odatda, maxsus himoya dasturlaridan foydalaniladi. Ammo bu kabi tahdidlarga qarshi eng
yaxshi himoya vositasi – Internetdan foydalanish qoidalari (gigienasi)ga rioya qilishdir. Internetdan
to„g„ri foydalanish qoidalarini bilsangiz va shubhali manbalarni ishonchli saytlardan farqlay
olsangiz hamda ularga duch kelganda nima qilish kerekligini bilsangiz, kiber xurujlar qurboni
bo„lishingiz ehtimoli juda kam.
E-maildan xavfsiz foydalanish. Elektron pochta – Internetning eng qulay, eng kerakli va barcha
Internet foydalanuvchilari ishlatadigan aloqa vositasi hisoblanadi. Internetning boshqa har qanday
xizmatidan foydalanish uchun, masalan, ijtimoiy tarmoqqa a‟zo bo„lish, onlayn savdoni amalga
oshirish kabi faoliyatlar uchun, avvalo, elektron pochta manziliga ega bo„lishingiz kerak.
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Zidovudine - Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual

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Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual
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bet | 650/654 | Sana | 03.01.2022 | Hajmi | 1,5 Mb. | | #14803 |
Zidovudine
Revision Date : 16-11-2020
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Approved TC, KOH
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Alert
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No Australian registered intravenous products are available. Retrovir IV ampoules are only available via the Special Access Scheme (SAS) in Australia.
Also known as azidothymidine (AZT).
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Indication
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Monotherapy or part of a combination therapy for prevention of maternal-foetal HIV transmission.
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Action
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Nucleoside analogue that inhibits HIV replication by interfering with viral reverse transcriptase.
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Drug type
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Antiretroviral medication
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Trade name
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Retrovir
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Presentation
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Oral: syrup 10 mg/mL
IV: 10 mg/mL in a 20mL single-use vial (SAS)
Note: Retrovir is also available in oral capsules, however only the syrup is used in neonates.
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Contraindications - Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual

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Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual
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bet | 22/654 | Sana | 03.01.2022 | Hajmi | 1,5 Mb. | | #14803 |
Contraindications
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Known hypersensitivity to adenosine; sick sinus syndrome, second or third degree AV block (except in patients with a functioning artificial pacemaker); long QT syndrome; severe hypotension; decompensated states of heart failure.
Atrial fibrillation or flutter but can be useful to unmask atrial flutter.
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Precautions
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Patients who develop high level atrioventricular block or returned to sinus rhythm at a particular dose should not be given further dosage increments.
Solution must be clear at time of administration.
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Axborot xavfsizligiga ko‘pdarajali yondoshuv

ma‟lumotlar, do„stlarimiz bilan o„zaro maxfiy yozishmalarimiz yoki e-mail va ayrim saytlarga
kirish uchun ishlatila- digan login va parollar bo„lishi mumkin. Odatda, bu ma‟lumotlarning xavfsiz
saqlanishini onlayn xizmatini taqdim etuvchi saytlar ta‟minlaydi,
ammo shunday holatlar ham
bo„ladiki, bu ma‟lumot- laringiz istalmagan uchinchi bir tomon qo„liga o„tib qolishi va ular bu
ma‟lumotlardan g„arazli maqsad- larda foydalanishi mumkin. Demak, faqat o„zimizgagina tegishli
bo„lgan, boshqalarga bizning roziligi- mizsiz berilmaydigan barcha ma‟lumotlar bizning shaxsiy
mulkimiz hisoblanadi va ular ustidan shaxsiy daxlsizlik huquqiga egamiz.
Shaxsiy ma‟lumotlarning oshkor bo„lishi o„z aybingiz bilan yoki
xakerlar kabi maxsus hujum
uyushtiruvchi shaxs yoki shaxslar xatti-harakati natijasida sodir bo„lishi mumkin. Shaxsiy
ma‟lumot- larning oshkor bo„lishi sizga moddiy va ma‟naviy zarar keltirishi mumkin.
SNMP  tarmoqni boshqaruvchi oddiy protokol

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SNMP tarmoqni boshqaruvchi oddiy protokol
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bet | 10/12 | Sana | 11.12.2023 | Hajmi | 3,34 Mb. | | #116187 |
Bog'liq nN8f8hzU4AOYKgTcVHBBK20zPWh39OWk6iBRlWqkSNMP tarmoqni boshqaruvchi oddiy protokol. SNMP tarmoqni boshqaruvchi oddiy protokol. Uchta standartlashtirilayotgan qismlardan tashkil topgan: boshqaruvchi axborotning tuzilish spetsifikatsiyasi, boshqaruvchi axborot hamda protokol bazasi. Boshqaruvchi axborotning tuzilish spetsifikatsiyasi ma’lumotlari boshqaruv bazasiga qayd etiluvchi boshqariluvchi obyektlar majmuini aniqlaydi. SNMP protokoli boshqaruvchi va boshqariluvchi tizimlarda axborot almashinuvini boshqaradi. Bunda UDP transport xizmatlaridan foydalaniladi. SNMP boshqaruvi asoslari - SNMP asosidagi boshqaruv konsepsiyasi yuqorida ko’rilgan uchta standartlashtirilayotgan elementdan tashkil topgan. Boshqaruv jarayoni va boshqaruvchi axborotning tuzilish spetsifikatsiyasi “boshqaruvchi-vakil” o’zaro hamkorlik asosida moslashtiriladi. Boshqaruv axboroti bazalari ASN.1 spetsifikatsiyasi yordamida tasvirlanadi. MIB (Management Information Base) boshqaruv axboroti bazalarining bir nechta aniq modellari belgilangan. MIB-1; MIB-2; RMON, RMON2 Remote Monitoring uzoqlashtirilgan monitoring, SNMP tarmoqni boshqarish protokolining kengaytirilmasi, uzoqlashtirilgan tarmoq elementlaridan statistikalar yig’ish vositalari va usullarini tasvirlaydi.
- SNMPning boshqa mumkin bo’lgan tashkil etuvchilarini yaratish bilan boshqaruv tizimining maxsus muhandislari shug’ullanadi.
- SNMP protokolidan tarmoq qurilmalaridan ularning hozirgi holati, samaradorligi va boshqa xarakteristikalari haqida ma’lumot olish maqsadida foydalaniladi. Masalan, analog va raqamli asimmetrik abonent liniyalari modemlariga sozlangan SNMP vakillari yuqorida aytilgan xarakteristikalarni nazorat qilishga imkon beradi. SNMP vakillar orqali SNMP boshqaruvchilar stansiya resurslarini boshqarish imkoniga ega bo’ladilar.
- Shuni aytish lozimki, SNMP-vakil OSI vakilidan farqli ravishda boshqarish tizimida “sustkash” rol o’ynaydi, ya’ni faqatgina boshqaruvchiga so’roq bo’yicha statistik o’zgaruvchilar qiymatini taqdim etadi.
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Elektron pochta orqali keladigan xavf turlari

sizning elektron manzilingiz zararli dasturlar ixtiyoriga o„tib, sizning nomingizdan boshqalarga
shunday maktublar ketishi ham mumkin. Bu
nafaqat elektron pochta orqali, balki ijtimoiy
tarmoqlardagi maktub yuborish yoki xabar chop etish xizmatlari orqali ham yuz berishi mumkin.
SNMP ta’rifi Axborot almashinuvi bir nechta buyruqlarni ichiga oladi

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SNMP ta’rifi Axborot almashinuvi bir nechta buyruqlarni ichiga oladi
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bet | 11/12 | Sana | 11.12.2023 | Hajmi | 3,34 Mb. | | #116187 |
Bog'liq nN8f8hzU4AOYKgTcVHBBK20zPWh39OWk6iBRlWqkSNMP ta’rifi Axborot almashinuvi bir nechta buyruqlarni ichiga oladi: - Get Next-request – boshqaruvchi tomonidan obyektlar jadvalini ko’rikdan o’tkazish jarayonida keyingi obyektning qiymati haqida axborot olish uchun foydalaniluvchi so’rov;
- Get-request – boshqaruvchi vakildan biror obyektning qiymatini nomi orqali olish so’rovi;
- Get-response – vakil tomonidan so’rovlarga javob berish maqsadida uzatiluvchi xabar (Get-request и Get Next-request);
- Set – o’zgartirish, boshqaruvchi tomonidan biror obyekt uchun qo’llaniladi;
- Trap – xususiy holat, vakil boshqaruvchiga xabar jo’natish uchun foydalanadi.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) - Ilovalar darajasi protokoli (UDP) 1988-yilda ishlab chiqilgan, RFC1157 ta’rif berilgan.
- Tarmoq qurilmalaridan axborot yig’ish yoki konfiguratsiyalash uchun qo’llaniladi.
- Asosiy vazifasi: qurilmani boshqarish.
- Boshqariluvchi qurilmalardagi dasturiy “vakil”lar ma’lulotlar omborida saqlanuvchi axborotlarni yi’g’ishadi
- Boshqaruvchi DT SNMP buyruqlaridan foydalanib vakillarga qurilma yoki undan o’tayotgan trafik haqida ma’lulot olish uchun so’rov jo’natadi (“GET” yoki “GET NEXT”ga o’xshash).
- Qurilma turiga qarab olish mumkin bo’lgan axborot
- Kommutatorlar: interfeysni yuklash, portdagi xatolar va h.k. - Serverlar: CPUni yuklash, jarayonlar, xotira, disk maydoni. - DNS (inglizcha: Domain Name System) - domenlar haqida ma'lumot olish uchun taqsimlangan kompyuter tizimi.
- Ko'pincha xost nomidan (kompyuter yoki qurilma) IP-manzilni olish, pochtani yo'naltirish va/yoki domendagi protokollar uchun xostlarga xizmat ko'rsatish haqida ma'lumot olish (SRV yozuvi) uchun ishlatiladi.
- Taqsimlangan DNS ma'lumotlar bazasi ma'lum bir protokol yordamida aloqa qiladigan DNS serverlari ierarxiyasi tomonidan saqlanadi.
- DNS asosida- iyerarxik nom tuzilishi va zonalari g'oyasidir.
- Nom uchun mas'ul bo'lgan har bir server domenning keyingi qismi uchun javobgarlikni boshqa serverga (ma'muriy nuqtai nazardan - boshqa tashkilot yoki shaxs) o'tkazishi mumkin, bu turli tashkilotlar serverlariga ma'lumotlarning dolzarbligi uchun javobgarlikni yuklash imkonini beradi.
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9-sinf uchun texnologiya fanidan test savollari

1
1.Hunarmandchilikning turlari qancha?
A) 50-60 ta B) 80-100 ta S) 110-120 ta D) 150 dan ortiq
2. Xalq hunarmandchiligi bo’yicha qizlar o’rganishi qulay bo’lgan sohalarni ko’rsating?
A) oshpazlik, gilamchilik, kashtachilik, o’ymakorlik
B) yog’ochga va metallarga ishlov berish
S) gilamchilik, kashtachilik, chopon tikish, tikuvchilik
D) do’ppi tikish, oshpazlik, dehqonchilik
3. Zardo’zlikda ishlatiladigan metallarga qaysilar kiradi?
A) oltin, kumush, platina B) palladiy, iridiy S) rutiy va osmiy D) barcha javoblar to’g’ri
4. Zardo’zlik toshlari qanday maqsadlarda ishlatiladi?
A) savdo-sotiq maqsadlarida
B) buyumlarni zebu-ziynat va taqinchoqlar bilan bezatishda
S) kashtalarni bezatishda
D) kiyimlarni bezatishda
5. Zardo’zlik toshlari necha guruhga bo’linadi?
A) 4 guruhga B) 3 guruhga S) 2 guruhga D) 5 guruhga
6. “Kompozisiya” so’zi qanday ma’noni bildiradi?
A) inglizcha “Kompozito” so’zidan olingan bo’lib, tuzmoq, joylamoq ma’nosini
bildiradi.
B) fransuzcha “Kompozito” so’zidan olingan bo’lib, tuzmoq, joylamoq ma’nosini
bildiradi.
S) yunoncha “Kompozito” so’zidan olingan bo’lib, tuzmoq, joylamoq ma’nosini
bildiradi.
D) lotincha “Kompozito” so’zidan olingan bo’lib, tuzmoq, joylamoq ma’nosini bildiradi.
7.”Iroqi do’ppi” guli qanday chok bilan tikiladi?
A) bosma chok B) sanama tekis chok
S) zanjir chok D) bezak chok
8. Do’ppi tikish uchun kerakli asbob uskunalarni toping
A) qaychi, nina, ip, angishvona, gazmol yelimi, ipaklar
B) qaychi, angishvona, ip
S) gazmol yelimi, rangli iplar
D) nina, ip, qaychi
9.Kashta tikishda qanday maxsus gazlamadan foydalaniladi?
A) chit B) shoyi S) atlas D) maxsus kanva
10.Har bir xalqning kashtado’zlikda qanday uslublari mavjud?
A) o’z an’analari, badiiy uslublari
B) ko’rsatmalari S) namunalari D) chizmalari
Savol 1
2 3
4 5 6
7 8
9
10
Javob D S D B S D B A D A
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Modern problems and prospects of development of energy supply of digital technology facilities

INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL SCIENCE AND INNOVATION
SPECIAL ISSUE: "MODERN PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY
SUPPLY OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY FACILITIES", MARCH 1, 2024
49
SAMOLYOTNING TUMSHUQ QISMI (ОБТЕКАТЕЛЬ) TA’MIRLASH VA
SINOVDAN O’TKAZISHNING METROLOGIK TA’MINOTI
1
Djumamurotov Bekzod Akramdjanovich,
2
Sharipov G`iyosjon Nuriddin o`g`li,
3
O’rolov
Jo’rabek Abduraxmon o’g’li
1
Islom Karimov nomidagi Toshkent davlat texnika universiteti doktoranti,
2
Islom Karimov
nomidagi Toshkent davlat texnika
universiteti tadqiqotchisi,
3
Islom Karimov nomidagi Toshkent
davlat texnika universiteti assistenti.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10719692
Anotatsiya.
Bugungi kunda havo kemalarning qatnovi borgan sari kuchayib va unga
bo’lgan talab kuchaymoqda, bu o’z-o’zidan ochiq osmonimizda havo kemalarining tirbandligiga
olib keladi. Bundan tashqari, zamonaviy ob-havo radarlari ko‘pincha kamroq quvvat
o‘tkazganligi sababli samolyotning tumshuq qismi (Обтекатель) sinovining ahamiyati ortib
bormoqda va yaxshi radar ishlashi tobora muhim ahamiyat kasb etmoqda, chunki u
turbulentlikning oldini olish va samolyotlarni potentsial og‘ir ob-havo sharoitlariga
yaqinlashtiradigan marshrutni yanada samarali rejalashtirish uchun tobora ko‘proq
foydalanilmoqda. Siz bemalol chet-el safariga havo kemalari orqali sayohat va ish yuzasidan
borib kelishizda samolyotning tashqi qismida qanday tashqi muhit ta’sirini sezmay qolasiz,
samolyotimizning tashqi muhiti skaslanishi haqida maqola qilganmiz va yoritishga harakat
qilamiz.
IPv4 te addreslew - Joba: Kirisiw tcp/ip protokollarɪ stekiniń dúzilisi

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Joba: Kirisiw tcp/ip protokollarɪ stekiniń dúzilisi
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bet | 5/5 | Sana | 24.05.2024 | Hajmi | 197,5 Kb. | | #252691 |
Bog'liq Shaykulov.Q. Kompyuter tarmaqlari. oz betinshe....IPv4 te addreslew
TCP/IP protokollar stekinde 3 turdegi manziller isletiledi:
Jergilikli (qurılmalıq ) -tarmaq astɪlarɪnda paketlerdi jetkerip beriw ushin “jergilikli” texnologiyalar tarepinen isletiletin manziller. Mısal ushin, Ethernet, FDDI, WIMAX hám basqa tarmaqlardagɪ MAC-mánzɪller.
IP manziller-ɪnternette tarmaq ɪnterfeyslerin identifikaciyalawshɪ tarmaq basqɪshɪ manzilleri. Bul addresslew sistemasɪ universal hám bir kolemli usil menen tiykargi tarmaqtɪń ɪxtɪyarɪy interfeysin identɪfɪkasɪyalaw imkanɪn beriwi kerek. Bunıń tan qalarliq sheshimi tarmaqtagɪ barshe tarkibiy tarmaqlardɪ noyob raqamlaw bolɪp, bunnan keyin har bir sonday tarmaqlardagɪ barshe baylamalar nomerlenedi.
Domen atlar-kompyuterlerdi identɪfɪkasɪya qɪlɪw ushin TCP/IP tarmaqlarɪndagɪ apparat -programmalıq támiynat IP-mánzildiń sanlɪ anlatiliwina tiykarlanadɪ Bɪraq adette paydalaniwshɪlar bir qansha qolayli belgiler (domenli) kompyuter atinan paydalanɪwdɪ abzal kóredi.
Juwmaq :
Tarmaq túsinigi júdá tereń esaplanadı, onı tolıq úyrenɪp shıǵıw ushın bolsa odaǵı hár bɪr elementtɪ úyrenɪw kerek. Búgɪńɪ temada men ılajı bolǵanınsha qısqa lekɪn túsɪnɪklɪ bolıwına háreket etdɪm. Bul túsɪnɪkler túpkɪlɪklɪlerɪnen bɪr neshesɪ esaplanadı holos. Kompyuter tarmaǵı - bul óz-ara baylanıslı bolǵan ekɪ yamasa odan artıq kompyuter sɪstemaları toparı. Kompyuter tarmaqları maǵlıwmatlardı jɪberɪw hám qabıllaw ushın bɪr neshe kompyuterler menen bɪrgelɪkte jalǵanıwǵa járdem beredɪ.
Paydalanılǵan ádebiyatlar
James F. Kurose, Keɪth W. Ross “A Tap -Down Approach: Computer Networkɪń”, 2017 y. Pearson Educatɪon Lɪmɪted
Olɪver C. ɪbe “Fundamentals of Data Communɪcatɪon Networks”, 2018 y. JohnWɪley&Sons, ɪnc.
Andrew S. Tanenbaum. Computer Networks, Fourth Edɪtɪon. Publɪsher; Prentɪce Hall, 2011
Musaev M. M. “Kompyuter sɪstemaları hám tarmaqları”. Tashkent.: “Baylanısshı” baspası, 2013 jıl. 8 bap. 394 bet.- Joqarı oqıw orınları ushın qollanba.
Andrew S. Tanenbaum. Computer Networks, Fourth Edɪtɪon. Publɪsher; Prentɪce Hall, 2011 y.
Olɪfer v. G., Olɪfer N. A. Kompyuternɪe setɪ. Prɪncɪpɪ, texnologɪɪ, protokolı. Uchebnɪk.- SPb. Pɪter. 2010.
www. ɪntuɪt. ru http://tuɪtfɪles http://www. kgtu. runnet. ru http://www.pɪter. com
http:// www. cɪscopress. ru http:// www. wɪllɪamspublɪshɪń. com www. zıyanet. uz
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Transport júzesiniń tiykargi protokollarɪ

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Transport júzesiniń tiykargi protokollarɪ
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bet | 3/5 | Sana | 24.05.2024 | Hajmi | 197,5 Kb. | | #252691 |
Bog'liq Shaykulov.Q. Kompyuter tarmaqlari. oz betinshe....Transport júzesiniń tiykargi protokollarɪ:
TCP (Transmɪssɪon Control Protocol) jaglanɪwdɪ basqarw protokolɪ - ameliy processler ortasɪnda xabarlardɪ isenimli uzatɪwdɪ támiynlep beredi. isenimli jetkerip beriwdi amelge asɪrɪw ushin logikalɪq baylanɪs, uzatɪlip atirgan magliwmatlardɪń tólɪq ekenligin qadagalaw, magliwmatlardɪ jetkerip beriwdi qadagalaw hám uzatɪlip atirgan axborot agɪmlarɪn basqarɪwdan paydalanadɪ;
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) paydalaniwshɪ dɪagrammalarɪ protokolɪ-magliwmatlardɪ deytagrammalɪ usilda uzatɪwdɪ támiynleydi, tarmaq júzesi hám ameliy processler ortasɪnda baylanis wazɪypasɪn atqaradɪ.
Ámeliy júzesi OSI modeli júzeleriniń joqargɪ bolimine mas keledi. Bul basqɪshta ameliy júzede keń paydalanɪliwshɪ servislar amelge asɪrɪlgan: araliqtagi sistemalar ortasɪnda fayllardɪ uzatɪw protokolɪ (FTP), araliqtagɪ termɪnaldɪ emulyasɪyalaw protokolɪ (Telnet), elektron poshta protokolɪ, atlarga ruxsat etiw protokolɪ (DNS), gɪpertekstti uzatɪw protokolɪ (HTTP), IMAP, POP3, SNMP, SMTP, SSH, LDAP. Ámelɪy dasturler júzesindegi protokollar paydalaniwshɪnɪń kompyuterlerinde jaylasadɪ.
OSI model hám kommunɪkacion protokollar arasɪndaǵɪ baylanislar
Tarmaq júzesi protokollarɪ
Tarmaq júzesinde 2 turli protokol isleydi:
Tarmaq protokollarɪ-tarmaq arqalɪ paketlerdi hareketin jolga qoyadɪ.
Marshrutlaw protokollarɪ-marshrutizator tarmaqlarara baylanɪslar topologɪyasɪ tuwralɪ axborot toplaydɪ.
Tarmaq protokolɪ wazɪypalarɪna tomendegiler kiredi:
Quramalı tarmaqlardɪń qurɪlmalarɪ ortasɪndagɪ paketler uzatɪlɪwɪ;
Qandayda bir kriteriya tiykarinda paketlerdi uzatɪw ushin eń alternativ marshruttɪ anɪqlaw;
Kanal júzesi protokollarɪn maslastɪrɪw (quramalı tarmaq koleminde).
Tarmaq protokollarɪna IPv4 hám IPv6 protokollarɪ kiredi.
Marshrutlaw protokollarɪ TCP/IP protokollarɪ stekiniń jónelis axborotlarɪ menen almasɪwdɪń hámme protokollarɪ adaptɪv protokollar klassɪna kiredi. Olar óz nawbetɪnde eki toparga bólingen, olardɪń har biri tomendegi algorɪtmlar turi menen baylanǵan:
Aralıq -vektor algoritmi (Dɪstance vector Algorɪthms, DvA);
Baylanıs jagdayi algorɪtmɪ (Lɪnk State Algorɪthms, LSA).
Aralıq -vektor algoritminde eń kóp qollanɪlatɪn protokol -bul RɪP.
Baylanıs jagdayi algoritmi protokolɪ bul- OSPF.
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Lekciya-1 D. I. Mendeleevtiń ximiyalıq elementlerdiń dáwirlik sisteması hám

Lekciya-1 D. I. Mendeleevtiń ximiyalıq elementlerdiń dáwirlik sisteması hám
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Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar
Bosh sahifa
Dərs
Mühazirə
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Referat
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Lekciya-1 D. I. Mendeleevtiń ximiyalıq elementlerdiń dáwirlik sisteması hám
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Matnni ko'rish
19-tema. Protsessorlar túrleri: Matritsali hám vektorlı protsessorlar. Qo'zg'almas hám jıljıwshı útirli bolǵan processorler. Multiprotsessorlar

19-tema. Protsessorlar túrleri: Matritsali hám vektorlı protsessorlar. Qo'zg'almas hám jıljıwshı útirli bolǵan processorler. Multiprotsessorlar
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Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar Bosh sahifa 19-tema. Protsessorlar túrleri: Matritsali hám vektorlı protsessorlar. Qo'zg'almas hám jıljıwshı útirli bolǵan processorler. Multiprotsessorlar
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Ximiya pániniń xalıq xojalıǵındaǵı, sanaattaǵı áhmiyeti

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Ximiya pániniń xalıq xojalıǵındaǵı, sanaattaǵı áhmiyetiBog'liq LEKCIYA 1 20252. Ximiya pániniń xalıq xojalıǵındaǵı, sanaattaǵı áhmiyeti
Ximiyanıń turmıstaǵı, xalıq xojalıǵındaǵı áhmiyeti oǵada úlken. Awıl xojalıǵında
óstiriwshi zatlar, gerbicidler, insekticidler, fungicidler, feromonlar, reppelentler, defoliantlar,
desikantlar ham sol sıyaqlı ximiyalıq birikpelerdiń qollanılıwı awıl xojalıǵı eginleriniń
rawajlanıwın tezlestiredi, ziyankeslerdi joq etedi hám ónimdarlıqtı asıradı. Ximiyalıq
preparatlardıń veterinariya hám medicinada qollanılıwı har qıylı keselliklerdiń aldın alıw hám
emlew, haywanlardı saqlap qalıw, kóbeytiw hám eń tiykarǵısı insanlar den-sawlıǵın saqlaw
imkanın beredi.
Ximiyalıq zatlardı, processlerdi hám usıllardı awıl xojalıǵında qollanıw ilimiy-texnikalıq
progresstiń rawajlanıw baǵdarlamalarınıń biri bolıp tabıladı.
Ósimliklerdiń ósip rawajlanıwı ushın makro- hám mikro tóginlerdi óndiriw, topıraqtın
strukturasın jaqsılaw ushın gips, hák tasi hám basqa da ximiyalıq birikpelerdi paydalaniw, ósimlik
hám haywanlardı ziyankeslerden saqlaw, olardı qorǵaw ushın gerbicid, zoocid, insekticid hám
basqada ximiyalıq qorǵaw preparatların islep shıǵarıw, ósimliklerdiń ósiwi hám ónimdarlıǵın
arttırıw ushın óstiriwshi ximiyalıq birikpelerdi paydalanıw, awıl xojalıǵı ushın polimer
materiallardı islep shıǵarıw hám onı paydalaniw, awıl xojalıǵında paydalanılatuǵın
mexanizaciyalastırıw qurallarına kerekli materiallardı islep shıǵarıw awıl xojalıǵına ximiyani
engiziwdiń tiykarǵı baǵdarlamaları bolıp tabıladı.
D. I. Mendeleev dáwirlik sistemasındaǵı elementlerdiń yarımınan kóbiregi awıl
xojalıǵında qollanıladı. Awıl xojalıǵı ónimlerinıń sapasın jaqsılaw hám olardı saqlaw múddetlerin
uzaytırıw – bulardıń barlıǵı tek ximiyalıq bilimler nátiyjesinde ámelge asırıladı.
Biraq ximiya pániniń áhmiyeti tek ǵana bular menen sheklenip qalmaydı.
Ximiya sanaatı
sintetikalıq kauchukler, rezina, motor janılǵıları, plastmassalar, sintetikalıq talshıqlar, sintetikalıq
janılǵı, boyawlar, dári-darmaqlar, sintetikalıq juwıwshı preparatlar hám azıq awqat ónimlerin islep
shıǵarıwda úlken ahmiyetke iye.
Oraylıq Aziya mámleketleri ishinde Ózbekstan ximiya sanaatı eń rawajlanǵan tarmaqlardıń
biri esaplanadı.
Ózbekstan ximiya sanaatı quramında mineral tóginler islep shıǵarıw tiykarǵı orındı
iyeleydi. Sonıń menen birge awıl xojalıǵı ziyankeslerine qarsı qollanılatuǵın defoliantlar bir
qansha muǵdarda islep shıǵarıladı. Ximiya sanaatı shiyki zatı ushın reńli metallurgiya, gaz hám
paxta tazalaw sanaatları shıǵındıları xizmet qıladı. Sonıń menen birge basqa sanaat tarmaqları
shıǵındıların da qayta islep, sol tarmaqlardıń rawajlanıwına úlken úlesin qosadı.
Bulardan tısqarı, qorshaǵan ortalıqtı qorǵaw, aǵın suwlardı tazalaw, suw hám hawanıń
tazalıǵın qadaǵalaw, shıǵındısız texnologiya dóretiw hám basqada máselelerdi sheshiwde ximiya
páni hám sanaatınıń áhmiyeti úlken.
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Salıstırmalı atomlıq ham molekulalıq massa

𝐀
𝐫
(𝐇) =
𝟏, 𝟔𝟕𝟒 ∙ 𝟏𝟎
−𝟐𝟕
𝟏
𝟏𝟐 ∙ 𝟏, 𝟗𝟗𝟑 ∙ 𝟏𝟎
−𝟐𝟔
= 𝟏, 𝟎𝟎𝟖
𝐦
𝐚𝐛𝐬
(𝐒) = 𝟑𝟐, 𝟎𝟔𝟔 ∙ 𝟏, 𝟔𝟔 ∙ 𝟏𝟎
−𝟐𝟕
= 𝟓𝟑, 𝟐𝟑 ∙ 𝟏𝟎
−𝟐𝟕
𝐤𝐠 = 𝟓, 𝟑𝟐𝟑 ∙ 𝟏𝟎
−𝟐𝟑
g
Zat molekulasınıń uglerod birliginde kórsetilgen awırlıǵı sol zattıń molekulyar massası dep
ataladı. Qandayda bir zattıń molekulalıq massası sol zat quramındaǵı element atomlarınıń
salıstırmalı atomlıq massalarınıń jıynaǵına teń boladı. Mısalı; M(H
2
SO
4
) = (1∙2) +32 + (4∙16) =
98.
Gaz tárizli zatlardıń molekulalıq massaların anıqlawda tómendegi usıllardan
paydalanamız:
1. Avogadro nızamınan kelip shıǵatuǵın úshinshi juwmaq tiykarında anıqlaw.
Bir qıylı jaǵdayda teńdey kólemde alınǵan eki gaz massaları arasındaǵı qatnas sol gazlardıń
molekulyar massaları arasındaǵı qatnasqa teń.
g
1
: g
2
= M
1
:M
2
g
1
:g
2
= D
M
1
= D
M
2
Demek, qanday da bir gazdiń molekulyar massası, sol gazdiń ekinshi bir gazge
salıstırǵandaǵı tıǵızlıǵın ekinshi gaz molekulyar massasına kóbeymesine teń.
Kóbinshe gazlardıń tıǵızlıǵı vodorodqa yamasa hawaǵa salıstırıp tabıladı.
M= 2
D(H
2
) M= 29
D(hawa)
2. Gazlardıń molekulyar massasın diffuziya tezligi tiykarında anıqlaw.
Bunıń ushın molekulyar massası belgili gaz benen, molekulyar massası belgisiz gaz teń
kólemde alınıp, olardıń hár qaysısınıń bir qıylı kapillyar tesiksheden ótiw waqtı anıqlanıp,
tómendegi formula tiykarında belgisiz gazdiń molekulyar massası anıqlanadı.
2
1
2
2
1
2
t
t
M
M
Bul usıl gazlardıń molekulyar massasın anıqlawdıń effuziometriya usılı dep ataladı.
3. Meyer usılı boyınsha quram bóleklerge ajıralmay qaynaytugın suyıqlıqlardıń molekulyar
massası anıqlanadı.
(B-h)
V =
RT
M
g
bul jerde, g- suyıqlıqtıń massası, V-zat puwları qısıp shıǵarǵan hawanıń kólemi, T-hawa
jıynalǵan ıdıstaǵı temperatura, V-atmosfera basımı, h-sol temperaturadaǵı suw puwınıń basımı.
4. Mendeleev - Klapeyron teńlemesinen paydalanip molekulyar massanı anıqlaw ushın
tómendegi teńlemeden paydalanimiz.
𝐌 =
𝐦𝐑𝐓
𝐏𝐕
Vektorlı protsessor - 19-tema. Protsessorlar túrleri: Matritsali hám vektorlı protsessorlar. Qo'zg'almas hám jıljıwshı...

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