Mexico

The site of advanced Amerindian civilizations, Mexico came under Spanish rule for three centuries before achieving independence early in the 19th century. A devaluation of the peso in late 1994 threw Mexico into economic turmoil, triggering the worst recession in over half a century. The nation had been making an impressive recovery until the global financial crisis hit in late 2008. Ongoing economic and social concerns include low real wages, underemployment for a large segment of the population, inequitable income distribution, and few advancement opportunities for the largely Amerindian population in the impoverished southern states. The elections held in 2000 marked the first time since the 1910 Mexican Revolution that an opposition candidate - Vicente FOX of the National Action Party (PAN) - defeated the party in government, the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He was succeeded in 2006 by another PAN candidate Felipe CALDERON. In January 2009, Mexico assumed a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council for the 2009-10 term.
== Economical characteristics ==
* Currency: Peso (ISO code: MXN)
* Central bank discount rate: NA%
* Commercial banks lending rate: 4.9% (31 December 2009)
* Stock of money (M1): $115.9 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
* Quasi money (with M1 makes M2): $146.8 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
===Statistics===
Statistic / Year 	
1999	
2000	
2001	
2002	
2003	
2004	
2005	
2006	
2007	
2008	
2009	
2010	
2011	
2012
GDP (million USD)World Bank. "Mexico: GDP", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-21. 	
481 202	
581 426	
622 093	
649 076	
700 325	
759 422	
846 990	
948 865	
1 022 820	
1 088 130	 	 	 	
Govt. debt (% of GDP)World Bank. "Mexico: government debt", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-21. 	
25.552	
23.218									 	 	 	
Govt. revenue (% of GDP)World Bank. "Mexico: government revenue", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-21. 	
13.782	
14.745									 	 	 	
Govt. expenses (% of GDP)World Bank. "Mexico: government expenses", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-21.	
14.922	
15.438									 	 	 	
Debt to revenue (years) 	
1.854	
1.575									 	 	 	
Inflation rate % (CPI)Banco de Mexico. "Inflation", from Banco de Mexico. Referenced 2013-01-29. 	
12.32	
8.96	
4.40	
5.70	
3.98	
5.19	
3.33	
4.05	
3.76	
6.53	3.57	4.40	3.82	3.57
==References==
Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.
==External links==
* Mexico on Wikipedia
* Central bank of Mexico
* Country profile (pdf) from the Enterprise Studies page (part of the The World Bank Group)
* Studies from the Library of Congress (1986-1998)
* BBC country profile
* Hugo Salinas-Price on the Nature of Money and Why Silver Should Be Legal Mexican Currency by Scott Smith, May 2010
Category:Countries