Turner Broadcasting System

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. was an American television and media conglomerate, part of AT&T's WarnerMedia. Founded by Ted Turner, and based in Atlanta, Georgia, it merged with Time Warner on October 10, 1996. Among its main properties were its namesake TBS, TNT, CNN, Turner Classic Movies, Cartoon Network and Adult Swim, and TruTV. It also licensed or had ownership interests in international versions of these properties. The headquarters of Turner's properties are located in both the CNN Center in Downtown Atlanta, and the Turner Broadcasting campus off Techwood Drive in Midtown Atlanta, which also houses Turner Studios.
The company was known for several pioneering innovations in U.S. multichannel television, including its satellite uplink of local Atlanta independent station WTCG channel 17 as one of the first national "superstations", and its establishment of CNN—the first 24-hour news channel.
On June 14, 2018, Time Warner was acquired by telecom firm AT&T and renamed WarnerMedia. On March 4, 2019, AT&T announced a major reorganization of WarnerMedia that effectively dissolves Turner, by merging it with HBO and Otter Media to form Graphene, a new company which brings together the majority of television and direct-to-consumer efforts across WarnerMedia.
==History==
===Early history===
Turner Broadcasting System traces its roots to a billboard company in Savannah purchased by Robert Edward Turner II in the late 1940s. Turner grew the business, which later became known as Turner Advertising Company. Robert Edward Turner's son, Ted Turner, inherited the company when the elder Turner died in 1963. After taking over the company, Ted Turner expanded the business into radio and television.
Turner Broadcasting System as a formal entity was incorporated in Georgia in May 1965.
===1970s===
===1980s===
===1990s===
Turner expanded its presence in movie production and distribution, first with the 1991 purchase of the Hanna-Barbera animation studio. On December 22, 1993, Turner acquired Castle Rock Entertainment. Turner purchased New Line Cinema a month later.
Turner launched Cartoon Network on October 1, 1992, followed by Turner Classic Movies (TCM) on April 14, 1994.
On October 10, 1996, Turner merged with Time Warner, a company formed in 1990 by the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications. Through this merger, Warner Bros. had regained the rights to its pre-1950 library, while Turner gained access to the company's post-1950 library and other properties. The company also became a subsidiary of Time Warner since the acquisition.
===2000s===
In 2003, Philip I. Kent succeeded Jamie Kellner as chairman. Operational duties for The WB were transferred by Time Warner from Warner Bros. to Turner Broadcasting during 2001, while Kellner was chairman, but were returned to Warner Bros. in 2003 with the departure of Kellner.
On February 23, 2006, the company agreed to sell the regional entertainment channel Turner South to Fox Entertainment Group. Fox assumed control of the channel on May 1, and on October 13 relaunched it as SportSouth - coincidentally, the former name of Fox Sports South when Turner owned this channel in partnership with Liberty Media between 1990 and 1996.
In May 2006, Time Warner, which had owned 50% of Court TV since 1998, purchased the remaining 50% from Liberty Media and began running the channel as part of Turner Broadcasting. The channel was relaunched as TruTV on January 1, 2008.
Also in May 2006, Ted Turner attended his last meeting as a board member of Time Warner and officially parted with the company.
On October 5, 2007, Turner Broadcasting System completed the acquisition of Claxson Interactive Pay Television Networks in Latin America.
===2010s===
On August 26, 2010, Turner Broadcasting took full control of Chilevisión, a TV channel owned by Chile's President Sebastián Piñera.
On September 8, 2011, Turner Broadcasting System acquired LazyTown Entertainment, the producer of the TV series LazyTown.
On January 1, 2014, John K. Martin succeeded Phil Kent as chairman and CEO of Turner Broadcasting.
In August 2014, The Wrap reported that Turner was preparing to offer buy-outs to 550 employees as part of plans to restructure the company heading into 2015. The ratings performance of CNN and HLN were cited as a factor, while CBSSports.com reported that the rising rights fees Turner pays for its NBA broadcasts on TNT may have also been a factor. It was further reported in October 2014 that the company planned to reduce its workforce by 10% (1,475 people) through layoffs across a wide set of units including corporate positions.
On August 14, 2015, it was announced that Turner Broadcasting had acquired a majority stake in iStreamPlanet, a Las Vegas-based video streaming services company, in an effort to bolster its over-the-top programming and shift its core technology infrastructure to the cloud. iStreamPlanet is a direct competitor of Major League Baseball Advanced Media. The deal was reported to be in the neighborhood of $200 million. On October 2015, Turner launched a streaming-video network named Great Big Story.
In April 2017, in order to expedite the sale of Time Warner to AT&T by shedding FCC-licensed properties, WPCH-TV was sold to Meredith Corporation, which had already been operating WPCH on its behalf since 2011 as a sister to its local station WGCL-TV.
On June 15, 2018, it was announced that John Martin would be leaving as CEO following AT&T's completed acquisition of Time Warner, which would later be renamed WarnerMedia once the acquisition was completed.
==Properties at time of closure==
===U.S. domestic===
*CNN
**HLN
* Boomerang
* Cartoon Network
** Adult Swim
* Hulu (10%)
* TBS
* TNT
* TruTV
* Turner Classic Movies
** NOW PLAYING (magazine)
** FilmStruck
* Turner Sports
** Bleacher Report
** NBA.com
** PGA.com
** NCAA.com/March Madness Live
** NBA TV (Owned by the National Basketball Association, operated by Turner)
===International===
Latin America
The channels in Latin America are controlled by Turner Broadcasting System Latin America, headquartered in Atlanta. It broadcasts Latin American versions of U.S. channels, and also channels that are exclusive for the region. TBS LA also handles advertising sales for Warner TV (owned by fellow Time Warner division Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc.) and for the Brazilian action sports channel Woohoo.
* Chilevisión (Free to air, Chile)
News and Information
* CNN en Español
** CNN en Español Pan-regional
** CNN en Español México
* CNN Chile
* CNN Indonesia (co-owned with Trans Media)
* CNN International
** Channel SD(Latin America, Asia, Europe, Africa)
** Channel HD(Asia, Middle East and North Africa)
* CNN Philippines (co-owned with Nine Media Corporation and Radio Philippines Network through a brand licensing agreement)
* CNN Türk (co-owned with Doğan Media Group)
* CNN HD (USA)
* HLN International
** Channel SD(Asia, Middle East and North Africa)
Indian
* CNN-News18
* CNN International South Asia
* Toonami India
* Cartoon Network India
* Pogo TV
* HBO India
* WB India
* Zee Turner Limited (Joint venture with Zee Entertainment Enterprises)
Kids and Teens
* Boomerang
** Boomerang Latin America
** Boomerang México
** Boomerang Brasil
** Boomerang India
* Boomerang Australia
* Boomerang Germany
* Boomerang (Nederland)
* Boomerang (Middle East and Africa)
* Boomerang (Central and Eastern Europe) (Audio option in English, Romanian, Hungarian, Polish, Bulgarian, Czech, Slovak and Russian)
* Boomerang France (HD and SD)
* Boomerang Italy
* Boomerang Nordic
* Boomerang UK & Ireland (HD and SD)
* Boomerang Southeast Asia (Multiaudio option)
* Boomerang Turkey
* Boomerang Japan
* Cartoon Network Latin America (HD and SD)
** Cartoon Network Latin America 1
** Cartoon Network Chile
** Cartoon Classic India
** Cartoon Network Argentina
** Cartoon Network México
** Cartoon Network Brasil
* Cartoon Network Poland (HD and SD)
* Cartoon Network (Central and Eastern Europe)
* Cartoon Network Nordic (Sweden, Norway, Danmark and Finland)
* Cartoon Network Italia
* Cartoon Network Nederland
* Cartoon Network Türkiye
* Cartoon Network Pakistan
* Cartoon Network France (HD and SD)
* Cartoon Network Canada
* Cartoon Network Australia
* Cartoon Network India
* Cartoon Network UK & Ireland (HD and SD)
* Cartoon Network Japan
* Cartoon Network Taiwan
* Cartoon Network Russia and Southeast Europe
* Cartoon Network (Middle East & Africa)
* Cartoon Network Arabic (HD and SD)
* Cartoon Network Deutschland
* Cartoon Network Korea
* Cartoon Network Southeast Asia
* Cartoon Network Philippines
* Tooncast (Latin America)
** Tooncast Pan-regional
** Tooncast Brasil
* Cartoonito (UK & Ireland)
* Toonami Channel (Asia)
* Toonami Channel (France)
* Pogo (India)
Lifestyle
* Glitz* Latin America
** Glitz* Pan-regional
* TNT Glitz (Germany, previously Glitz*)
* TruTV Latin America (Also in High Definition)
** TruTV Pan-regional
** TruTV Brasil
* TruTV
* TABI Channel (Japan)
* Tabi Tele (Japan)
* MONDO TV (Japan)
* Mondo Mah-jong TV (Japan)
Music
* HTV (Latin America)
* MuchMusic (Latin America)
* Imagine Showbiz (India)
Movies & Entertainment
* TNT (Also in High Definition)
** TNT México
** TNT Brasil
** TNT Argentina (Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay)
** TNT Chile & South American countries
** TNT Colombia
** TNT Panama & Central American countries
* TNT Series (Latin America, HD and SD)
* TNT
* TNT Polska
* TNT România
* TNT Spain
* TNT Serie (Germany)
* TNT Film (Germany)
* TNT Nordic
* I-SAT (Latin America)
** I-SAT Pan-regional
** I-SAT Argentina
** I-SAT Brasil
* Space (Latin America, Also in High Definition)
** Space Pan-regional
** Space Argentina
** Space Brasil
* TCM (Latin America)
** TCM Pan-regional
** TCM Argentina
** TCM Brazil
* Turner Classic Movies UK (HD and SD)
* Turner Classic Movies Nordic (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden)
* Turner Classic Movies Middle East
* Turner Classic Movies Africa
* TCM Spain (HD and SD)
* TCM Cinema (France) (HD and SD)
* TCM South East Asia
* TBS (Latin America)
** TBS Pan-regional
** TBS Argentina
** TBS Brasil
* HBO Pakistan
* Warner TV South East Asia (HD and SD)
* Warner TV India (HD and SD)
* Warner TV Pakistan
* Warner TV Latin America
Sports
* TNT Sports (Argentina)
* Woohoo (Brazil)
* Esporte Interativo (Brazil)
* Esporte Interativo Plus (Brazil) - Only Web
* EI Maxx (Brazil)
* EI Maxx 2 (Brazil)
* CDF (Chile)
Chinese
* Phoenix Chinese Channel
* Phoenix InfoNews Channel
* Phoenix North America Chinese Channel
* Phoenix Chinese News and Entertainment Channel
* Phoenix Hong Kong Channel
* Oh!K
===Other regions===
Regional News
* CNN Chile, a joint-venture between Turner Latin América and VTR Globalcom that is only aired in Chile.
* CNN IBN, a joint-venture between Turner, TV18 and Global Broadcast News that is only aired in India.
* CNN Türk, owned by Doğan Medya Grubu that is only aired in Turkey.
* CNN+, a joint-venture between Turner (50%) and Sogecable that is only aired in Spain, closed down in late 2010.
Entertainment
* CETV (36%, joint venture with TOM Group)
* QTV (50%, joint venture with IS Plus, an affiliate of JoongAng Ilbo) (South Korea)
* Showtime Scandinavia through Turner NonStop Television in the Scandinavian countries.
* Silver (TV channel), independent and international movies, through Turner NonStop Television in the Scandinavian countries.
* Star, showbiz news programming, through Turner NonStop Television in the Scandinavian countries.
* TruTV (UK and Ireland) Entertainment & Reality channel
Animation
* Boomerang UK, various Boomerang channels around Europe
* Boing (Italy) (Mediaset 51% and Turner 49%)
* Boing (France)
* Boing (Africa)
* Boing (Spain)
Movies
* Lumiere Movies : 92%
==Former assets==
Note: (*) - Now owned or absorbed by sister company, Warner Bros.
* Atlanta Braves — An MLB franchise (Now owned by Liberty Media)
* Atlanta Hawks — An NBA franchise (Now owned by Tony Ressler)
* Atlanta Thrashers — An NHL franchise (now owned by True North Sports & Entertainment as the Winnipeg Jets)
* Cable Music Channel — A defunct television channel
* Castle Rock Entertainment — A film production company*
* CNNfn — A defunct television channel
* CNNSI — A defunct television channel
* Hanna-Barbera Productions — An animation studio*
* SportSouth — A regional sports network (Now owned by 21st Century Fox as Fox Sports South)
* New Line Cinema — A film production company*
** New Line Television — A television production arm of New Line Productions*
* Turner Publishing — A defunct book publisher (Not to be confused with Turner Publishing of Nashville, Tennessee)
* Turner Entertainment Co. — A film holding company*
** Turner Pictures — An in-house production company*
** Turner Pictures Worldwide Distribution — An international distribution sales unit*
** Turner Feature Animation — An animation unit*
** Turner Home Entertainment — A home video distributor (Merged into Warner Home Video)
** Turner Program Services — A former syndication arm − (Merged into Warner Bros' Telepictures Productions)
* Turner South — A regional television channel (Now owned by Fox Sports Networks as Fox Sports Southeast)
* Universal Wrestling Corporation - A professional wrestling promotion formerly known as World Championship Wrestling. Currently a non-operational company, select assets are now owned by WWE, Inc. through WCW, Inc.
* WPCH-TV - A terrestrial broadcasting station in Atlanta and a former superstation (now owned by Meredith Corporation)
* WRET-TV - A terrestrial broadcasting station in Charlotte, North Carolina (now owned by Tegna as WCNC)
==External links==
Category:Turner Broadcasting System
Category:American cable network groups
Category:Broadcasting companies of the United States
Category:Entertainment companies of the United States
Category:Media companies of the United States
Category:Multinational companies headquartered in the United States
Category:Companies based in Atlanta
Category:Media companies established in 1965
Category:Media companies disestablished in 2019
Category:1965 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Category:Former WarnerMedia subsidiaries