Rex Harrison

Sir Reginald Carey Harrison (5 March 1908 – 2 June 1990), known as Rex Harrison, was an English actor of stage and screen. Harrison began his career on the stage in 1924. He won his first Tony Award for his performance as Henry VIII in the play Anne of the Thousand Days in 1949. He won his second Tony for the role of Professor Henry Higgins in the stage production of My Fair Lady in 1957. He reprised the role for the 1964 film version, which earned him both a Golden Globe Award and Academy Award for Best Actor.
In addition to his stage career, Harrison also appeared in numerous films, including Anna and the King of Siam (1946), The Ghost and Mrs. Muir (1947), Cleopatra (1963), and played the title role of the English doctor who talks to animals, Doctor Dolittle (1967). In July 1989, Harrison was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II. In 1975, Harrison released his first autobiography. His second, A Damned Serious Business: My Life in Comedy, was published posthumously in 1991. Harrison was married six times and had two sons: Noel and Carey Harrison. He continued working in stage productions until shortly before his death from pancreatic cancer in June 1990 at the age of 82.
== Early life ==
Harrison was born at Derry House in Huyton, Lancashire,[1] the son of Edith Mary (née Carey) and William Reginald Harrison, a cotton broker.[2] He was educated at Liverpool College.[3] After a bout of childhood measles, Harrison lost most of the sight in his left eye, which on one occasion caused some on-stage difficulty.[4]
== Early career ==
He first appeared on the stage in 1924 in Liverpool. Harrison's acting career was interrupted during World War II while serving in the Royal Air Force, reaching the rank of Flight Lieutenant.[5] He acted in various stage productions until 11 May 1990. He acted in the West End of London when he was young, appearing in the Terence Rattigan play French Without Tears, which proved to be his breakthrough role.
He alternated appearances in London and New York in such plays as Bell, Book and Candle (1950), Venus Observed, The Cocktail Party, The Kingfisher and The Love of Four Colonels, which he also directed.[6] He won his first Tony Award for his appearance at the Shubert Theatre as Henry VIII in Maxwell Anderson's play Anne of the Thousand Days and international superstardom (and a second Tony) for his portrayal of Henry Higgins in the musical My Fair Lady, where he appeared opposite Julie Andrews.
Later appearances included Pirandello's Henry IV, a 1984 appearance at the Haymarket Theatre with Claudette Colbert in Frederick Lonsdale's Aren't We All?, and one on Broadway at the Brooks Atkinson Theatre presented by Douglas Urbanski, at the Haymarket in J. M. Barrie's The Admirable Crichton with Edward Fox. He returned as Henry Higgins in the revival of My Fair Lady directed by Patrick Garland in 1981, cementing his association with the plays of George Bernard Shaw, which included a Tony nominated performance as Shotover in Heartbreak House, Julius Caesar in Caesar and Cleopatra, and General Burgoyne in a Los Angeles production of The Devil's Disciple.
== Cinema appearances ==
Harrison's film debut was in The Great Game (1930), other notable early films include The Citadel (1938), Night Train to Munich (1940), Major Barbara (1941), Blithe Spirit (1945), Anna and the King of Siam (1946), The Ghost and Mrs. Muir(1947), and The Foxes of Harrow (1947). He was best known for his portrayal of Professor Henry Higgins in the 1964 film version of My Fair Lady, based on the eponymous Broadway production (which in turn was based on George Bernard Shaw's play Pygmalion), for which Harrison won a Best Actor Oscar.
He also starred in 1967's Doctor Dolittle. At the height of his box office clout after the success of My Fair Lady, Harrison proved a domineering force during production, demanding auditions for prospective composers after musical playwright Leslie Bricusse was contracted[7] and demanding to have his singing recorded live during shooting, only to agree to have it re-recorded in post-production.[8] He also disrupted production with incidents with his wife, Rachel Roberts and deliberate misbehaviour, such as when he deliberately moved his yacht in front of cameras during shooting in St. Lucia and refused to move it out of sight due to contract disputes.[9] Harrison was at one point temporarily replaced by Christopher Plummer, until he agreed to be more cooperative.[10]
He starred in the 1968 comedy The Honey Pot, a modern adaptation of Ben Jonson's play Volpone. Two of his co-stars, Maggie Smith and Cliff Robertson, were to become lifelong friends. Both spoke at his New York City memorial at the Little Church Around the Corner when Harrison died in 1990.
Harrison was not by any objective standards a singer (his talking on pitch style he used in My Fair Lady would be adopted by many other classically trained actors with limited vocal ranges); the music was usually written to allow for long periods of recitative, or "speaking to the music". Nevertheless, "Talk to the Animals", which Harrison performed in Doctor Dolittle, won the Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1967.
Despite excelling in comedy (Noël Coward described him as "The best light comedy actor in the world—except for me."),[11] he attracted favourable notices in dramatic roles such as his portrayal of Julius Caesar in Cleopatra (1963) and as Pope Julius II in The Agony and the Ecstasy (1965), opposite Charlton Hestonas Michelangelo. He also acted in a Hindi film Shalimar alongside Indian Bollywood star Dharmendra as well as appearing opposite Richard Burton as two ageing homosexuals in Staircase (1969).[12]
== Personal life ==
Harrison was married six times. In 1942, he divorced his first wife, Colette Thomas, and married actress Lilli Palmer the next year; they later appeared together in numerous plays and films, including The Four Poster.[13]
In 1947, while married to Palmer, Harrison began an affair with actress Carole Landis. Landis committed suicide in 1948 after spending the evening with Harrison.[14] Harrison's involvement in the scandal by waiting several hours before calling a doctor and police[15] briefly damaged his career and his contract with Fox was ended by mutual consent.[16] Harrison and Palmer divorced in 1957.
In 1957, Harrison married the actress Kay Kendall. Kendall died of myeloid leukaemia in 1959.[17] Terence Rattigan's 1973 play In Praise of Love was written about the end of this marriage, and Harrison appeared in the New York production playing the character based on himself. Rattigan was said to be "intensely disappointed and frustrated" by Harrison's performance, as "Harrison refused to play the outwardly boorish parts of the character and instead played him as charming throughout, signalling to the audience from the start that he knew the truth about [the] illness."[18] Critics however were quite pleased with the performance and although it did not have a long run, it was yet another of Harrison's well-plotted naturalistic performances.
He was subsequently married to Welsh-born actress Rachel Roberts from 1962 to 1971. In 1980, despite his having married twice since their divorce, Roberts made a final attempt to win Harrison back, which proved to be futile; she committed suicide that same year.[19]
Harrison then married Elizabeth Rees-Williams, divorcing in 1975, and finally in 1978, Mercia Tinker, who would become his sixth and final wife.[20] Harrison's eldest son Noel Harrison became an Olympic skier, singer and occasional actor; he toured in several productions including My Fair Lady in his father's award-winning role. Noel died suddenly of a heart attack on 19 October 2013 at age 79. Rex's younger son Carey Harrison is a playwright and social activist.
Harrison's sister Sylvia was married to David Maxwell Fyfe, a lawyer, Conservative politician and judge who was successively the lead British prosecutor at Nuremberg, Home Secretary and Lord Chancellor (head of the English judiciary); after his death she married another Cabinet minister, Lord de la Warr.
Chronology of Harrison's six marriages:
* Colette Thomas, 1934–1942 (divorced); one son, the actor/singer Noel Harrison, (29 January 1934 – 19 October 2013)
* Lilli Palmer, 1943–1957 (divorced); one son, the novelist/playwright Carey Harrison
* Kay Kendall, 1957–1959 (her death)
* Rachel Roberts, 1962–1971 (divorced)
* Elizabeth Harris, 1971–1975 (divorced); three stepsons, Damian Harris, Jared Harris, and Jamie Harris
* Mercia Tinker, 1978–1990 (his death)
Grandchildren:
* Granddaughters: Cathryn, Harriott, Chloe, Chiara, Rosie, Faith
* Grandsons: Will, Simon, Sam
Harrison owned properties in London, New York City and Portofino, Italy. His villa in Portofino was named San Genesio after the patron saint of actors.[21]
== Later career ==
Having retired from films after A Time to Die, Harrison continued to act on Broadway and the West End until the end of his life, despite suffering from glaucoma, painful teeth, and a failing memory.[22] He was nominated for a third Tony Award in 1984 for his performance as Captain Shotover in the revival of George Bernard Shaw's Heartbreak House. He followed with two successful pairings with Claudette Colbert, The Kingfisher in 1985 and Aren't We All? in 1986. In 1989, he appeared with Edward Fox in The Admirable Crichton in London. In 1989/90, he appeared on Broadway in The Circle by W. Somerset Maugham, opposite Glynis Johns, Stewart Granger, and Roma Downey.[23] The production opened at Duke University for a three-week run followed by performances in Baltimore and Boston before opening 14 November 1989 on Broadway.[24][25]
== Death ==
Harrison died from the effects of pancreatic cancer at his home in Manhattan, New York City, on 2 June 1990 at the age of 82. He had only been diagnosed with the disease a short time before. The stage production in which he was appearing at the time, The Circle, came to an end upon his death.[26]
His body was cremated, some of his ashes being subsequently scattered in Portofino, and the rest being scattered at his second wife Lilli Palmer's grave at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California, in the Commemoration section, Map 1, Lot 4066, Space 2.[citation needed]
Harrison's second autobiography, A Damned Serious Business: My Life in Comedy (ISBN 0553073419), was published posthumously in 1991.
== Honours and legacy ==
On 25 July 1989, Harrison was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II at Buckingham Palace as an orchestra played the music of songs from My Fair Lady.[citation needed]
Rex Harrison has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, one at 6906 Hollywood Boulevard for his contribution to films, and the other at 6380 Hollywood Boulevard for his contribution to television. Harrison is also a member of the American Theater Hall of Fame. He was inducted in 1979.[27]
Due to his association with the checked wool hat, which he wore both in the Broadway and film versions of My Fair Lady, that the style of headware was often named "The Rex Harrison."[citation needed]
Seth MacFarlane, creator of the animated series Family Guy, modelled the voice of the character Stewie Griffin after Harrison, after seeing him in the film adaptation of My Fair Lady.[28][29]
== Filmography ==
Film
Year	Title 	Role 	Notes
1930	The Great Game 	George 	
1930	The School for Scandal 	Bit Part 	Uncredited
1934	Get Your Man 	Tom Jakes 	
1934	Leave It to Blanche 	Ronnie 	
1935	All at Sea 	Aubrey Bellingham 	
1936	Men Are Not Gods 	Tommy Stapleton 	
1937	Storm in a Teacup 	Frank Burdon 	
1937	School for Husbands 	Leonard Drummond 	
1938	Sidewalks of London, also known as St. Martin's Lane	Harley Prentiss 	
1938	The Citadel 	Dr. Frederick Lawford 	
1939	Over the Moon 	Dr. Freddie Jarvis 	
1939	The Silent Battle 	Jacques Sauvin 	
1940	Ten Days in Paris 	Bob Stevens 	
1940	Night Train to Munich 	Gus Bennett 	
1941	Major Barbara 	Adolphus Cusins 	
1945	Blithe Spirit 	Charles Condomine 	
1945	I Live in Grosvenor Square 	Major David Bruce 	
1945	Journey Together 	Guest 	Uncredited
1945	The Rake's Progress 	Vivian Kenway 	
1946	Anna and the King of Siam 	King Mongkut 	Nominated – New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor
1947	The Ghost and Mrs. Muir 	Captain Daniel Gregg 	
1947	The Foxes of Harrow 	Stephen Fox 	
1948	Escape 	Matt Denant 	
1948	Unfaithfully Yours 	Sir Alfred De Carter 	
1951	The Long Dark Hall 	Arthur Groome 	
1952	The Four Poster 	John Edwards 	
1953	Main Street to Broadway 	Himself 	
1954	King Richard and the Crusaders 	Emir Hderim Sultan Saladin 	
1955	The Constant Husband 	William Egerton 	
1958	The Reluctant Debutante 	Jimmy Broadbent 	
1960	Midnight Lace 	Anthony "Tony" Preston 	
1961	The Happy Thieves 	Jimmy Bourne 	
1963	Cleopatra 	Julius Caesar 	National Board of Review Award for Best Actor
Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actor
Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
Nominated – Laurel Award for Top Male Dramatic Performance
1964	My Fair Lady 	Professor Henry Higgins 	Academy Award for Best Actor
David di Donatello Award for Best Foreign Actor
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
Laurel Award for Top Male Musical Performance
New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor
Nominated – BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
1964	The Yellow Rolls-Royce 	Lord Charles Frinton – The Marquess of Frinton	
1965	The Agony and the Ecstasy 	Pope Julius II 	Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
Nominated – Laurel Award for Top Male Dramatic Performance
1967	The Honey Pot 	Cecil Sheridan Fox 	
1967	Doctor Dolittle 	Dr. John Dolittle 	Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
1968	A Flea in Her Ear 	Victor Chandebisse / Poche 	
1969	Staircase 	Charles Dyer 	
1977	Crossed Swords 	The Duke of Norfolk 	
1978	Shalimar 	Sir John Locksley 	
1979	Ashanti 	Brian Walker 	
1979	The Fifth Musketeer 	Colbert 	
1982	A Time to Die 	Van Osten 	
Television
Year 	Title 	Role 	Notes
1952 	Omnibus 	Henry VIII 	episode: The Trial of Anne Boleyn
1953 	The United States Steel Hour 	Raymond Dabney 	episode: The Man in Possession
1957 	DuPont Show of the Month 	Mr. Sir 	episode: Crescendo
1960 	Dow Hour of Great Mysteries 	Cyril Paxton 	episode: The Dachet Diamonds
1971–1973	Play of the Month 	Mikhail Platonov, schoolmaster
Don Quixote	2 episodes
1983 	The Kingfisher 	Cecil 	TV film
1985 	Heartbreak House 	Captain Shotover 	TV film
1986 	Anastasia: The Mystery of Anna	Grand Duke Cyril Romanov	TV film, (final film role)