US Secret Service

The United States Secret Service is a federal intelligence agency headquartered in Washington D.C., United States.
==History==
Secret Service was founded on July 5, 1865. As money counterfeiting was on the run, Abraham Lincoln, who served as the 16th president of the United States at the time, was looking to establish an organization to help remedy the counterfeiting issues, which foreshadowed the birth of Secret Service. During the organization's early years, agents were tasked to investigate money counterfeiting, murder, bank robberies, and illegal gambling.
In 1901, after William McKinley, who served as the 25th president of the United States, was assassinated, Congress voted to pass a bill to have specialized Secret Service agents to act as bodyguards to provide protection around future presidents of the United States. Secret Service became the first U.S. domestic intelligence and counterintelligence agency until it was passed onto the Federal Bureau of Investigation, another federal intelligence agency that was born in 1908.
During World War II, Secret Service arrested Japanese-American leaders during an internment that occurred during the twilight of the war. In 1950, Harry S. Truman, who served as the 33rd president of the United States, was at the Blair House while the White House was undergoing a plethora of renovations. Puerto Rican nationalists Oscar Collazo and Griselio Torresola opened fire with their guns, which struck Private Leslie Coffelt and other White House police officers. Private Coffelt, despite being seriously injured, returned fire, killed Torresola with a single shot to his head. Collazo was also shot, but survived his injuries, and served 29 years in prison before returning to Puerto Rico in late 1979.
In 1963, John F. Kennedy, who served as the 35th president of the United States, was assassinated while riding an open car as the motorcade fleet made its way down the road in Dallas, Texas. Lee Harvey Oswald was the perpetrator who used a sniper from an unidentified building rooftop, who would later die after a confrontation with Jack Ruby. To ensure further safety of presidents riding in any vehicle, Congress passed a bill, stating that if any future president was to avoid any sniper shots, it would no longer ride open convertible vehicles.
In 1984, Secret Service began expanding their tasks by investigating credit card fraud and computer fraud. In 1990, Secret Service initiated a plan where they originally began to investigate malicious hackers, allegedly responsible for disrupting telephone services across the entire United States. The operation affected a great number of people unrelated to hacking, and led to no convictions. Secret Service was eventually sued and required to pay for the damages. On March 1, 1990, Secret Service served a search warrant on Steve Jackson Games, a small company in Austin, Texas, seizing three computers and more than 300 floppy disks. In the subsequent lawsuit, the judge reprimanded the Secret Service and ordered them to cease the warrant entirely.
In 1994 and 1995, Secret Service ran a jurisdiction with the FBI over certain violations of federal computer crime laws. They created 24 Electronic Crimes Task Forces across the United States. These task forces served as partnerships between the Secret Service, federal/state and local law enforcement, the private sector and academia aimed at combating technology-based crimes.
In 1998, Bill Clinton, who served as the 42nd president of the United States at the time, signed a new bill, which established National Special Security Events (NSSE). That directive made the Secret Service responsible for security at designated events. In 1999, the United States Secret Service Memorial Building was dedicated in Washington D.C., granting the agency its first headquarters. Prior to this, the agency's different departments were based in office space around the D.C. area.
On September 11, 2001, chaos struck the United States, especially with the twin towers of the World Trade Center being destroyed and the Pentagon being severely damaged. A Secret Service field office served as a tenant at 7 World Trade Center, where 67 special agents from the field office assembled triages to shelter those who successfully evacuated the danger zones. The Master Special Officer, Craig Miller, was the only one involving Secret Service to perish in action, while all other agents were awarded the Director's Valor Award eight months later.
On October 26, 2001, George W. Bush, who served as the 43rd president of the United States at the time, signed a bill known to be the USA Patriot Act. This allowed the Secret Service to establish a nationwide network of ECTFs in addition to the one already activated in New York. As such, this mandate expanded on the agency's first ECTF—the New York Electronic Crimes Task Force, formed in 1995—which brought together federal, state and local law enforcement, prosecutors, private-industry companies, and academia. These bodies collectively provided necessary support and resources to field investigations that meet any one of the following criteria: significant economic or community impact; participation of organized criminal groups involving multiple districts or transnational organizations; or use of schemes involving new technology.
On July 6, 2009, Secret Service expanded its investigations on cybercrime by creating the first European Electronic Crime Task Force, based on the successful U.S. domestic model, through a memorandum of understanding with Italian police and postal officials. Over a year later, on August 9, 2010, the agency expanded its European involvement by creating its second overseas ECTF in the United Kingdom.
As the 2010s decade got under way, Secret Service continued to expand in employment and tasks. The resulting expansion led to specialized agents serving on protective details and investigate financial, cyber, and homeland security-related crimes.
==Tasks==
===Counterfeiting===
Since 1865, Secret Service has been investigating counterfeit cash which involve fake or foreign dollar bills. It has been common that individuals may sneak into safes to replace normal dollar bills with fake ones, which could allow any known store or bank to contact a field office and allow the specialized agents investigate. 
Currency counterfeiting is a Class C federal felony, which is punishable to up to 20 years in prison.
===Threats of harm===
Since computers have become popular to the market, individuals have been making threats of harm against the president of the United States and other known elected government officials of the country. Secret Service has been constantly investigating such threats like this, which prompts their field offices to receive feedback of the website that had comments or postings containing such threats through social media, news outlets, or even Wikipedia. Secret Service gazes through the IP addresses to ping and track the location of whom may be suspected to posting such threats. In addition, a team of agents may dispatch themselves from the field office and visit the location or address to gather clues or evidence of the individual who may be responsible for the threats.
Making threats against the president or any other known government official of the United States is a Class D federal felony. It can result in up to ten years in prison, a maximum fine of $250,000, a $100 special assessment, and three years of supervised release. About 75% of individuals who make such threats may have psychiatric matters, such as having developmental disabilities or other mental conditions. Even if the individual posts such a threat without possession of a weapon or any other experienced fighting abilities, the first, second, and fifth amendments may sometimes come in their favor as feds and judges may think that the individual was threatening another person out of insanity. Individuals with psychiatric matters have a right to be incompetent to stand trial and plead not guilty by a reason of insanity. Rather than serve prison time, an individual with psychiatric matters would be required to be admitted to a psychiatric ward or a mental institute for an indefinite period of time until the time would be right to adjust to the outside world without incident again.
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