Literary References/Drums of Autumn

Chapter	Source 	Reference
7 	 	Job 1:13-22Job 1:13-22, King James Version. Accessed 5 January 2016.
7 	 	Claire thinks of the Book of Job as an analogy to Jamie's losses since the Rising, and William Tryon's offer to have it all back.
8 	(attributed) (translation) 	"Fragmentum Petron. Arbitr." Under-woods. Consisting of Divers Poems (1640)"Fragmentum Petron. Arbitr." Underwoods by Ben Jonson. Accessed 4 September 2015.
8 	(attributed) (translation) 	Jamie recites the lines in Latin to Claire, after his advances are stymied by the presence of Ian and their other companions: "Foeda est in coitu, & brevis voluptas, / Et taedet Veneris statim per actae." (Doing, a filthy pleasure is, and short ; / And done, we straight repent us of the sport.)
8 	 	(8th century BC)
8 	 	Jamie recites passages in Ancient Greek, attempting to tutor Ian in Greek and Latin.
8 	 	, lines 648-653 (ca. 205–184 BC)Amphitruo (Amphitryon) by Plautus. Accessed 4 September 2015.
8 	 	Jamie prompts Ian for the lines in Latin, with less than favorable results.virtus praemium est optimum;
virtus omnibus rebus anteit profecto:
libertas salus vita res et parentes, patria et prognati
tutantur, servantur:
virtus omnia in sese habet, omnia adsunt
bona quem penest virtus.
8 	 	, line 1 (ca. 29–19 BC)Aeneid (Latin text) – accessed 4 September 2015.
8 	 	Claire Fraser admits that the line is all she remembers of her Latin instruction: "Arma virumque cano."
8 	 	(1781)The Agreeable Surprise – accessed 4 September 2015.
8 	 	Jamie recites a poem, to Claire and Ian's amusement: "Amo, amas, I love a lass..."Amo, amas, I love a lass
As a cedar tall and slender;
Sweet cowslip’s grace
is her nominative case,
And she’s o' the feminine gender.
Can I decline a Nymph so divine?
Her voice like a flute is dulcis.
Her oculus bright, her manus white,
And soft, when I tacto, her pulse is.
Oh, how bella my puella,
I’ll kiss secula seculorum.
If I’ve luck, sir, she’s my uxor,
O dies benedictorum.
9 	 	Proverbs 31:10Proverbs 31:10, King James Version. Accessed 4 September 2015.
9 	 	Stephen Bonnet paraphrases the passage: "A virtuous woman is prized above rubies; her price is greater than pearls."
9 	 	Matthew 6:34Matthew 6:34, King James Version. Accessed 4 September 2015.
9 	 	Claire quotes the passage: "Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof."
10 	 	, Act III, scene 2, and Act I, scene 1 (1697)The Mourning Bride, Act III, Scene 2 – accessed 5 January 2016.
10 	 	Claire chimes in with the quote during the discussion about Lieutenant Wolff's unsuccessful marriage proposal to Jocasta: "Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned."
12 	 	Song of Solomon 7:4Song of Solomon 7:4, King James Version. Accessed 21 August 2015.
12 	 	Phillip Wylie quotes the beginning of the line to Claire, who finishes it: "Thy neck is as a tower of ivory; thine eyes like the fishpools in Heshbon, by the gate of Bathrabbim: thy nose is as the tower of Lebanon which looketh toward Damascus."
13 	 	(405 BC)
13 	 	Jamie quotes the frogs' refrain to Claire: "Brek-ek-ek-ex, co-ax, co-ax. Brek-ek-ek-ex, co-ax!"
13 	 	Ruth 1:16-17Ruth 1:16-17, King James Version. Accessed 4 September 2015.
13 	 	Claire quotes the lines to Jamie: "Whither thou goest, I will go; and where thou lodgest, I will lodge: thy people shall be my people, and thy God my God: Where thou diest, will I die, and there will I be buried."
13 	 	Matthew 5:7Matthew 5:7, King James Version. Accessed 4 September 2015.
13 	 	Jamie quotes the line to Claire in trying to explain why he didn't let Claire attend to a dying man: "Blessed are the merciful, for they shall find mercy."
14 	 	Luke 3:7Luke 3:7, King James Version. Accessed 21 September 2015.
14 	 	Chapter title: Flee from Wrath to Come
14 	Traditional 	"The Fause Bride (I Loved a Lass)"I Lovèd A Lass. Miscellanea of the Rymour Club, v.1. Accessed via HathiTrust 4 September 2015."I Once Loved A Lass..." - The Story Of The "False Bride" And Her Forsaken Lover. Analysis of different versions of the song. Accessed 4 September 2015.
14 	Traditional 	Claire thinks of the lines while she and Jamie, along with Ian, John Quincy Myers, and Pollyanne, make their way into the mountains: "How many strawberries grow in the salt sea; how many ships sail in the forest?"
15 	 	Matthew 6:30Matthew 6:30, King James Version. Accessed 8 September 2015., Job 5:7Job 5:7, New King James Version. Accessed 8 September 2015., Psalm 103:15-16Psalm 103:15-16, King James Version. Accessed 8 September 2015.
15 	 	Claire paraphrases a few different verses: "Man is like the grass that withers and is thrown into the fire... He is like the sparks that fly upward... and his place will know him no more."
15 	 	Psalm 103:15-16, Matthew 6:30, 1 Peter 1:24-251 Peter 1:24-25, King James Version. Accessed 8 September 2015.
15 	 	Jamie likewise paraphrases the sentiments of multiple verses: "Man is like the grass of the field: today it blooms; tomorrow it withers and is cast into the oven." These, as well as other verses, lend meaning to their overall conversation – that life on Earth is fleeting, but love (i.e. the word of God) endures forever.
15 	 	(1894)
15 	 	Claire thinks of "Mowgli and the Red Flower", briefly considering fire as a weapon against the bear, but lays a hand on one of the fish Jamie caught and uses that instead.
16 	 	(1847)
16 	 	Claire takes in the wilderness around her, thinking of the first lines of Longfellow's epic poem: "This is the forest primeval. The murmuring pines and the hemlocks ..."
18 	Traditional 	"Je t'aime un peu, beaucoup, passionnément, pas du tout" ()
18 	Traditional 	Roger gives Brianna a bracelet inscribed with the French version of the game.
19 	(editor) 	"Teisreadh Taighe (House Protecting)""Teisreadh Taighe (House Protecting)": Invocations. Carmina Gadelica, via The Internet Archive. Accessed 14 April 2015.from the , vol. I (1900)
19 	(editor) 	Jamie blesses the hearth: "God, bless the world and all that is therein..."
19 	(collector) James Carmichael Watson (editor) 	"An Saodachadh (The Driving)""An Saodachadh (The Driving)". Accessed 15 April 2015.from the , vol. IV (1941)
19 	(collector) James Carmichael Watson (editor) 	Duncan performs a blessing to protect the livestock: "The safeguard of Fionn mac Cumhall be yours..."
20 	 	, Book III, passage 16 (170 to 180 AD)Meditations by Marcus Aurelius, translated by Maxwell Staniforth. Accessed 18 November 2015.
20 	 	Jamie recites the translation aloud while he and Ian work on building the cabin: "Body, soul, and mind: the body for sensation, the soul for the springs of action, the mind for principles..."
21 	 	, Act IV, scene 1, lines 10-11 (ca. 1606)MacBeth, Act IV, scene 1, lines 10-11. Accessed 27 January 2018.
21 	 	Claire feels like a witch while standing over her large cauldron, even just to melt snow in it: "Double, double toil and trouble; / Fire burn, and cauldron bubble."
21 	 	(1843)
21 	 	Claire tells the story to Jamie, trying to keep him awake until morning. She reflects on her tradition with Frank, and how they would read the story to Brianna every Christmas.
21 	 	(1897)
21 	 	Claire muses that one of her ancestors must have been bitten by a vampire, and tells Jamie about "the life and times of Count Dracula."
22 	/ Concise Oxford Dictionary of Quotations 	, Book IV, line 23 (ca. 29–19 BC)Aeneid, Book IV, line 23 – accessed 21 September 2015.Concise Oxford Dictionary of Quotations by Susan Ratcliffe. Accessed 21 September 2015.
22 	/ Concise Oxford Dictionary of Quotations 	Chapter title: Spark of an Ancient Flame
23 	 	"" from Poems (1919)"Whispers of Immortality" by T. S. Eliot. Accessed 22 May 2015.
23 	 	Chapter title: The Skull Beneath the Skin
23 	 	, Act V, Scene 1, lines 163-164 (ca. 1599)Hamlet: Act V, Scene 1, lines 163-164 – accessed 3 September 2015.
23 	 	Claire quotes the line when she discovers a human skull buried beneath a tree, and ponders how long ago the person may have died: "How long will a man lie i' the earth ere he / rot?"
23 	 	"Written in Disgust of Vulgar Superstition" (1816)The Complete Works of John Keats, Volume 2, "Written in Disgust of Vulgar Superstition", page 174. Accessed 4 September 2015.
23 	 	Claire recites the poem to the skull.
23 	 	"" (1820)Ode on a Grecian Urn – accessed 4 September 2015.
23 	 	Claire quotes the line to the skull: "Forever wilt thou love, and she be fair!"
23 	 	"" from (1820)ODE TO THE WEST WIND – accessed 4 September 2015.
23 	 	Claire recites the ode to the skull.Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is:
What if my leaves are falling like its own!
The tumult of thy mighty harmonies
Will take from both a deep, autumnal tone,
Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, spirit fierce,
My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one!
Drive my dead thoughts over the universe
Like withered leaves to quicken a new birth!
And, by the incantation of this verse,
Scatter, as from an unextinguished hearth
Ashes and sparks, my words among mankind!
Be through my lips to unawakened earth
The trumpet of a prophecy! O, wind,
If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?
23 	 	, Act I, line 262 (1820)Prometheus Unbound: A Lyrical Drama in Four Acts. By Percy Bysshe Shelley. Act I. Accessed 4 September 2015.
23 	 	Claire thinks of the line while she watches the light draw closer: "Fiend, I defy thee! with a calm, fixed mind."
23 	 	"" (Cinderella) from (1697)
23 	 	Jamie calls Claire "Cinderella" after he and Young Ian have told her about her shoes, and Claire says later in the scene that she has turned into a pumpkin.
25 	 	"" from (1892)
25 	 	Claire, frozen with fear at sight of a rattlesnake in the privy, ponders whether snakes are deaf, or might respond favorably to whistling, per the Sherlock Holmes story.
25 	 	Thearoi, "Visitors to Delphi"This is only a possible source of Jamie and Lord John's reference. Gabaldon herself explains in The Outlandish Companion that the quotes in the text attributed to Epicharmus are only "rough approximations." See The Boastful Chef: The Discourse of Food in Ancient Greek Comedy, page 136, footnote 161.Comicorvm graecorvm fragmenta by Georg Kaibel. ΘΕΑΡΟΙ (Thearoi), fragment 79. Accessed 21 November 2015.The Cambridge History of Classical Literature: Volume 1, Greek Literature By P. E. Easterling, Bernard M. W. Knox
25 	 	Lord John and Jamie make reference to the Greek comic writer, having seen William after his excursion into the privy.
25 	 	Olympian 1: For Hieron of Syracuse Single Horse Race 476 B. C.Olympian 1: For Hieron of Syracuse Single Horse Race 476 B. C. via Perseus. Accessed 22 November 2015.
25 	 	Claire offers up her own epigram, handing a jar of soap to William: "Water is best."
26 	 	from (c. 1264)
26 	 	Claire sings to the dying Indian man in the corncrib. (See also: Music)
27 	 	(1967)
27 	 	Chapter title: Trout Fishing in America
37 	 	(1851)
37 	 	Roger thinks about Stephen Bonnet's reputation, and reflects that he would have sailed with , so desperate was he to follow Brianna to North Carolina.
38 	 	"" (1860)
38 	 	Chapter title: For Those in Peril on the Sea
38 	Traditional / John Gregorson Campbell 	Superstitions of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland: Collected Entirely from Oral Sources (1900)Superstitions of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland: Collected Entirely from Oral Sources by John Gregorson Campbell. Accessed 23 November 2015.
38 	Traditional / John Gregorson Campbell 	Roger watches a small girl, Isobeàil, expend pent-up energy on deck, chanting tunelessly: "Seven herrings are a salmon's fill, / Seven salmon are a seal's fill, / Seven seals are a whale's fill, And seven whales the fill of a !"Gaelic text: Seachd sgadain sath bradain, Seachd bradain sath roin. Seachd roin sath mial-mor-mara. Seachd mial sath Cirein-croin. — from Gaelic names of beasts (Mammalia), birds, fishes, insects, reptiles, etc. in two parts by Alexander Robert Forbes
39 	 	""First recorded citation in Monro, His expedition with the worthy Scots regiment (called Mac-Keyes-regiment) levied in August 1626 by Robert Monro. Accessed 24 November 2015.There is also a by this name, published in 1932 with music by Harold Arlen and lyrics by Ted Koehler.
39 	 	Roger considers Bonnet's challenge, and the line comes to him: "And here Roger stood quite literally between the devil and the deep blue sea..."
40 	South Asian / The Blind Men and the Elephant by John Godfrey Saxe. Accessed 8 September 2015.	
40 	South Asian / The Blind Men and the Elephant by John Godfrey Saxe. Accessed 8 September 2015.	Brianna references the story while she and Roger undress to have sex for the first time: "No, the beast is like a wall... no, the beast is like a rope, like a snake..."
40 	, John Garrity, and Len Forman 	(1971)
40 	, John Garrity, and Len Forman 	Brianna tells Roger about what she read in a book about pleasing a male partner.
43 	 	"" from (1892)
43 	 	Brianna recalls the poem to Jamie, that Frank would quote it when Claire was in her garden."I will arise and go now, and go to Innisfree,
And a small cabin build there, of clay and wattles made;
Nine bean rows will I have there, a hive for the honey bee,
And live alone in the bee loud glade." — via
48 	 	Leviticus 18:7
48 	 	Brianna thinks of the passage when she asks Jamie about Jack Randall: "Thou shalt not uncover thy father's nakedness."
48 	(collector) 	Miscellanea of the Rymour Club, Edinburgh. Vol. I: 1906-11, "There was a man i Muir o Skene..."
48 	(collector) 	Jamie demonstrates forcibly to Brianna that she could not have fought off her rapist, and taunts her by reciting a nursery rhyme: "There was a man in Muir of Skene, He had dirks and I had none; But I fell on him with my thumbs, And wot you how, I dirkit him, dirkit him, dirkit him?"Version in ABC My Grannie Caught a Flea: Scots Children s Rhymes and Songs, attributed to Rymour 1911: There was a man i Muir o Skene He had dirks, and I had nane But I fell till'm wi my thoombs And wat ye hoo, I dirkit him, dirkit him, dirkit him
48 	 	
48 	 	The words come to Jamie as he seeks the ability to forgive Jack Randall: "Forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us, and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil."
48 	 	Romans 12:19Romans 12:19, King James Version. Accessed 10 December 2015.
48 	 	Jamie thinks of the verse while he considers his role in the aftermath of Brianna's rape: "Vengeance is mine, sayeth the Lord."
51 	 	Genesis 2:24Genesis 2:24, King James Version. Accessed 23 December 2015.
51 	 	Roger thinks of the verse while he contemplates his way forward, and what role Brianna might play in his decision: "And for this reason, a woman shall leave her parents, and cleave to her husband."Roger paraphrases, switching the roles of the husband and wife in the verse: "Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife..."
59 	 	(170 to 180 AD)
59 	 	Lord John is reading the book in Jocasta Cameron's library when Brianna invites him to walk outside with her.
62 	Timothy Fuller 	Three Thirds of a Ghost (1941)
62 	Timothy Fuller 	Chapter title
Category:Subpages for Literary References