Film studio models

Chronological list of studio models in the . 
====
=== K't'inga class ===
* See main article: K't'inga-class model
=== Epsilon IX station ===
* See main article: Epsilon IX station
=== Air tram ===
* See main article: Air tram
=== Orbital office complex ===
This studio model was originally built as the orbital office complex for . 
 	 	
Andy Probert's original concept art	The completed studio model	Douglas Trumbull prepares to film a shot of the complex
It was designed by Andy Probert, and in this form, was only used in The Motion Picture. Designing the office complex was the first design work that Probert did for the film. (The Art of Star Trek, p. 171; )
Construction on the complex began during the production of Star Trek: Phase II. According to Magicam's visual effects artist Jim Dow, "The first design for the space-office complex was by Mike Minor. It was composed of clusters of dodecahedrons. We worked on that for months, until we found out that it is literally impossible to cluster dodecahedrons – impossible mathematically. Mike could draw it – and it looked terrific – but we couldn't make it work. We have to use a simpler shape." Additionally, an more detailed model was required to allow it to have a "motion-picture quality." ( #27, , p. 27-28; The Art of Star Trek, p. 171)
The model of this facility was filmed in the summer of , on one of Douglas Trumbull's stages at Future General Corporation. (The Making of Star Trek: The Motion Picture, p. 206)
File:Orbital office complex.jpg|Orbital office complex
File:Orbital office complex, lcars.jpg|Orbital office complex; 
Though it only appeared in its original configuration for The Motion Picture, an okudagram of the complex, sketched by Doug Drexler, also appeared in and .
File:Regula I and Mutara Nebula.jpg|Regula I
File:Science Station Tango Sierra.jpg|Science Station Tango Sierra
File:Starbase 173.jpg|Starbase 173
File:Tanuga IV research station.jpg|Tanuga IV research station
File:Deep Space 5.jpg|Deep Space 5
File:Eddington's prison starbase.jpg|Prison starbase #1
For budgetary reasons and a limited time schedule, and at the recommendation of producer Robert Sallin, ILM's supervising modelmaker, Steve Gawley, inverted the original model, took a few things off and added a few new things before rechristening it as the Regula I science station for . "It was quite cost effective," Gawley said, adding "it was this approach that prevailed throughout the project." (The Making of Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan, p. 123; The Special Effects of Trek, p. 65; The Making of the Trek Films, p. 25; Trek: The Unauthorized Story of the Movies, p. 67)
It was reused in the same configuration, though at different scales, for several episodes of , before it appeared one last time in DS9, courtesy of stock footage from The Wrath of Khan. 
File:Starbase 375.jpg|Starbase 375
File:Federation starbase patrolled by Federation starships.jpg|Prison starbase #2
File:Starbase 257.jpg|Starbase 257
File:Lantaru sector research station.jpg|Lantaru sector research station
The model would be modified one final time prior to the start of DS9 Season 6 to appear, initially, as Starbase 375, before making two subsequent appearances as other related station before the end of the season.
According to David Stipes, "all the lower tanks were removed, and it had been refurbished by Gary Hutzel and Tony Meininger." According to Hutzel, "I had seen it in storage [and] we brought it back because it was such a cool model, a really beautiful miniature." () It appeared one final time in an okudagram in VOY.
==== Additional sources ====
* 
===Earth spacedock===
Model variations 	Model variations
 	
USS Enterprise spacedock	NAR-30974
*See main article: Earth spacedock
===Cargo management unit===
* See main article: Cargo management unit
===Travel pod (23rd century)===
*See main article: Travel pod model
=== Constitution II class ===
* See main article: Constitution II-class model (refit)
=== Surak ===
*See main article: Long range shuttle model
=== V'ger ===
* See main article: V'ger
== ==
=== Miranda class ===
Model variations	Model variations
 	
, et al. 	
*See main article: Miranda-class model
====
=== Merchantman ===
This model was originally designed by Nilo Rodis and built by ILM to represent the Merchantman in . In Voyager, the ship appeared as both a physical model and CGI model.
File:Merchantman.jpg|Merchantman
File:Atlec vessel.jpg|Atlec vessel
File:Sheliak Colony Ship.jpg|Sheliak colony ship
File:Pelian escort vessel.jpg|Pelian escort vessel
File:Bok'Nor.jpg|Bok'Nor
File:Vidiian ship.jpg|
File:Klingon civilian transport.jpg|Klingon civilian transport ship
==== Additional sources ====
* 
=== Klingon Bird-of-Prey ===
* See main article: Klingon Bird-of-Prey
=== Spacedock One===
* See main article: Spacedock type
=== Orbital shuttle ===
* See main article: Orbital shuttle
=== Excelsior class ===
*See main article: Excelsior-class model
=== Oberth class ===
* See main article: Oberth-class model
====
===Whale Probe===
* See main article: Whale Probe
====
===Pioneer 10===
* See main article: Pioneer 10
=== Galileo ===
* See main article: Galileo-type shuttlecraft model
====
=== SD-103 ===
Model variations 	Model variations 	Model variations
 	 	
SD-103 (NAR-25820) 	(NCC-2010) 	(NCC-2010-5)
 	 	
A SD-103 type shuttlecraft parked at Starfleet Drydock	Farragut shuttlecraftStar Trek Generations	Unnamed shuttleStar Trek Generations
The studio model of the , built especially for The Undiscovered Country was purely an initiative of Industrial Light & Magic (ILM), the company contracted to do the visual effects for the movie, since of the movie script did not foresee in one. The concept originated from the brain of ILM's Visual Effects Art Director Bill George, when he was conceiving a visual effects shot for the movie. He clarified, "When Kirk and the others head up to the spacedock to reboard their ship, we really wanted to open the film up and show the grandeur of space. Immediately I thought of – in particular, the docking sequence between the Orion space clipper and the double-wheeled Space Station One. I also got the bug in my mind to do an angle on the spacedock that hadn't been done before. I looked at at the model from all angles, and eventually ended up lying down on the ground to look up at it before I realized that was the perfect shot – it hadn't been done before, plus it was the natural angle of approach if you were coming up from Earth." George decided to beef out the shot with a new shuttle model. While Paramount Pictures had shuttle models available from the previous outings, The Search for Spock and The Final Frontier, George decided nevertheless to have a new one built. This was partly due of George being a consummate modelmaker (he had started out at ILM as such) and, though it was strictly speaking not his job anymore, he could not refrain himself from building another one, as studio model requirements were very light for ILM on this particular outing. All other models featured in the movie, including some on which George himself had previously participated in their builds, were reuses from earlier productions. He had John Goodson design one, and together they build the model, or as he has put it, "We designed and constructed a new shuttlecraft model just for this shot, the only new model we got to do this time. It was done very quickly – in a week – and was about sixteen inches long." (Cinefex, issue 49, p. 48)
George and Goodman embellished the model by endowing the ventral side with several add-ons that had their origins in AMT/Ertl Star Trek model kits. So did the model feature two nacelle caps with Bussard collectors of the Enterprise-D model kit (No. 6619) as well as warp nacelle from the Romulan warbird model kit (No. 6858). Unfortunately for them, no dorsal views were seen of their model in the movie, though the tips of the Enterprise Bussard collectors were.
The model made a reappearance in as two shuttlecraft from the , sent down to the surface of Veridian III to pick up the survivors of the crashed . However, since the actual model was by that time already modified and altered, the shot of the shuttle in flight was actually stock footage from The Undiscovered Country, but flopped and altered in post-production by adding the blue Farragut signage. The one seen on the saucer of the crashed Enterprise-D was not even a model but part of the matte painting that was done at ILM for the scene. (Cinefex, issue 61, p. 77) Still, a second model was in effect constructed for the movie, albeit a tiny one. It was built to go with the modified NAR-30974 spacedock model, carried over from The Motion Picture, as atmosphere, and it could be seen, though only just barely, parked, when the left spacedock at the beginning of the movie.
 	 	
Ventral side of the original studio model, showing its AMT/Ertl add-ons	The model refurbished as the 	The USS Jenolan model, ¼ profile view
 	 	
The model refurbished as the USS Nash, ¾ dorsal view 	The USS Nash model at auction	The tiny NAR-30974 model at auction
In between the two movies, the original model itself was heavily modified by Greg Jein, who added warp engines to the model, with components derived from the and models, and given the look of a full starship with several decks, to appear as the . (Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country (Special Edition), text commentary; TNG Season 6 DVD-special feature, "Departmental Briefing Year Six - Production") Jein also extensively refurbished the dorsal side by endowing the original smoother surface by adding the bridge and deflector crystal assembly modules, as well as the ventral side by removing George's original add-ons and replacing them with add-ons in order to convey the sense of the model being a larger scaled ship. The now Sydney-class model initially appeared as , though Jein or one of his modelers actually mislabeled the ship as "Jenolin", in , where the misspelled name however, was never clearly discernible (that was until 2014, when the episode was remastered and where it could be discerned that the name was not digitally corrected). Later, the model appeared, flipped over and relabeled, as the in the episodes "Playing God" (season 2), "Accession" (Season 4), "Trials and Tribble-ations" (Season 5) and "Chrysalis" (Season 7). As usual with the television appearances of studio models, footage of this model for its appearances in both series was shot at Image G, the company were Erik Nash worked as motion control camera operator, and whose name was given to the model for its Deep Space Nine appearances. (Cinefantastique, Vol 25 #6/Vol 26 #1, p. 102) It's accompanying registry number though, "NCC-2010-5", harkened back to the one the model was endowed with in its previous use as the Jenolan, "NCC-2010", and as far as in-universe usage of the Starfleet registry numbering system went, an odd one at that, as this was the only time that a ship was given a number of another class vessel appended with what appeared to be a follow number. Actually, since Deep Space Nine was already in pre-production at the time of "Relics", the modified model was seriously considered by Production Designer Herman Zimmerman and the producers to serve as the regular runabout shuttlecraft for the namesake station. Yet, it was ultimately decided to pass over the model in favor of the , though the model served as a starting point for its design. ()
The Sydney-class model (measuring 16½" × 11" × 4") was listed as in the 40 Years of Star Trek: The Collection auction with an estimated sale price of US$4,000 - $6,000; it sold on 7 October 2006 for US$22,000 ($26,400 with premium). The tiny SD-103 type model was of course part of the spacedock model, which sold as in the same auction on the same day for US$8,000 ($9,600 with premium), originally estimated at US$3,000 - $5,000. That model was acquired by American collector Adam Schneider, who managed to acquire several models from the auction. 
====
=== Whorfin class === 
* See main article: Whorfin class
===Amargosa observatory===
Model variations 	Model variations
 	
Amargosa observatory	Wormhole relay station
* See main article: Amargosa observatory
====
=== Sovereign class ===
* See main article: Sovereign-class model
=== Akira class ===
* See main article: Akira-class model
=== Norway class===
* See main article: Norway class
=== Saber class ===
* See main article: Saber class
=== Steamrunner class===
Model variations 	Model variations 	Model variations
 	 	
Starfleet Steamrunner class, et al.	Unnamed United Earth starship class	Confederation Corps Steamrunner class
The starship was designed by Alex Jaeger at ILM. The , featured in First Contact, was apparently intended to be named "Streamrunner" originally, as based on the name appearing in Jaeger's sketch of the revamped "USS Streamrunner," dated . This name was a homage to a song by the band . The reasoning for the name change to Appalachia is unknown, and was subsequently adapted (or adopted) by the and Star Trek: Deep Space Nine Technical Manual, but the original name, albeit misspelled, was retained as class designation.
Jaeger, in far more detail, recalled in 2009,
"Here's a bit of background on the Steamrunner: As one person pointed out, it was originally to be called the StReamrunner. This was the name of a song from a band called 'Fold Zandura' (formerly 'Mortal') It had a sci-fi feel to it and I thought it made a cool ship class name. But somewhere in the process the 'R' got dropped in one of the approval pages and it became the Steamrunner, which is still kinda cool retro-steampunk sounding. So the name stuck. Also on the design, it is actually the merging of two different designs I did. The front saucer section of one ship combined with the catamaran nacelles and boom section of another. The boom section of the second ship was then flipped upside down so the deflector was underneath. The first design had a secondary hull, but instead of struts to hold the nacelles, they where instead mounted to the saucer section and then cowled over. There was even a 3rd version with 4 nacelles, two on the top and two more attached to the lower secondary hull.
"The second design was more to my liking, it was a bit more 'automotive' in its design shapes. It featured the catamaran nacelles, but instead of being mounted on top of the saucer, they were mounted underneath and the saucer sort of bent around them. The Deflector dish boom was then mounted more like the boom on the Akira class only this wasn't a weapons pod per say. In the end I was asked to combine the front of #1 with the tail of #2 and after some adjustments, bam the Steamrunner as it appears in First Contact. Some of the more angular features were also a result of the rough model as well. So the more rounded #2 design would've been less economical from a VFX standpoint too." 
 	
Final production concept art 	Final production concept art
 	
ILM's original CGI model of the Steamrunner-class on the left, with Muse's revised version on the right…	ILM's original CGI model of the Steamrunner-class on the left, with Muse's revised version on the right…
 	
…Passaro's revised Eaglemoss version, as featured in the Encyclopedia on the right… 	…Passaro's revised Eaglemoss version, as featured in the Encyclopedia on the right…
 	
…and Versiga's model for Picard 	…and Versiga's model for Picard
The model was rendered as a computer-generated model and built by Larry Tan and Paul Theren. According to designer Jaeger, the software used to build the models consisted of software package combo, elaborating, "(...)ILM was using for animation and for the models of these ships back then." A year later ILM was requested by Paramount Pictures to hand over their models made for , among them the Appalachia, to Digital Muse in preparation for use in the upcoming episode . Due to Muse's use of different software, the model had to be largely re-rendered in and was remapped at a higher resolution in the process, but was completed early enough to be already showcased in . 
Visual Effects (VFX) Supervisor David Stipes said that an overall length of 800 feet (243.8 meters) was generally used for its Deep Space Nine on-screen appearances. 
The apparently unaltered model made a near unnoticeable, but surprising nonetheless, reappearance as a presumably unrelated – considering the anachronistic nature of its reappearance – 22nd century class of ship used by the United Earth Starfleet hundreds of years before the Steamrunner class, in the season four episode .
The model was again re-rendered in LightWave 3D by Fabio Passaro for use in its 2015 outing of the Star Trek: The Official Starships Collection from Eaglemoss Collections, featuring an even higher polygon count, higher resolution textures, and updated hull detailing, including the addition of visible fore and aft torpedo launchers, two shuttlebays on the aft part of the saucer, and impulse engines. His model version was later added as a graphic in the , replacing graphics of the class, created by Doug Drexler in the more basic software for previous editions and which were originally featured in the above mentioned Deep Space Nine Technical Manual.
Eighteen years after its last onscreen appearance in the 2004 Enterprise episode, the design turned up again onscreen in the season two episode as the . This however, was neither the Muse model, nor the Passaro model but rather a newly constructed CGI model. According to Picard Production Designer Dave Blass, it concerned a model created for use as a playable ship in the Star Trek Online computer game, that had gone live in the intervening years, and was a build by Donny Versiga, one of the game's early mainstays. In a unique collaboration between Cryptic Studios, the game's developer, and the creative minds behind Picard, the game CGI version became one of several, put at the disposal of the live-action production for onscreen use. The necessary adaptions for its ultimate onscreen use were performed at the franchise's own in-house VFX department under the auspices of department heads Jason Zimmerman (Supervisor), Shawn Ewashko (Production Manager), and Brian Tatosky (Associate Supervisor). 
Former Eaglemoss project manager Ben Robinson however, maintained that it was the Passaro model that had been used in the Picard episode, "Our physical Nova class model is based on the original CG mesh that Rob Bonchune modified for . We supplied that mesh to the Picard team. I don’t know for sure if they used it or not…We also gave them the Steamrunner that @DarthPistachio [note: Passaro's online persona] built for us. His claim was backed by former Picard research assistant Jörg Hillebrand, at the very least where the episode's trailer was concerned. 
The role of Passaro's model did not even stop there, as it also became the basis for the adaption into the scaled-down which became featured as the in 's fourth season episode . 
===Borg sphere===
* See main article: Borg sphere model
=== Sovereign-type escape pod ===
* See main article: Sovereign-type escape pod
=== Phoenix ===
* See main article: Phoenix
=== T'Plana-Hath ===
* See main article: T'Plana-Hath-type model
====
===Ru'afo's flagship===
* See main article: Ru'afo's flagship model
===Federation mission scoutship===
* See main article: Federation mission scoutship model
===Type 11 shuttlecraft===
* See main article: Type 11 shuttlecraft model
===Federation holoship===
* See main article: Federation holoship model
===Son'a battle cruiser===
* See main article: Son'a battle cruiser model
===Son'a collector===
* See main article: Son'a collector model
===Cousteau===
* See main article: Cousteau model
===Son'a shuttle===
* See main article: Son'a shuttle model
====
=== Argo ===
* See main article: 
=== Scimitar ===
* See main article: Scimitar
=== Scorpion class ===
* No information yet.
=== Valdore ===
* See main article: Valdore type
====
These models were computer-generated at ILM. This list is based on one generated at . Many of these ships were designed by Ryan Church.
=== USS Kelvin ===
* See main article: Kelvin type
=== Narada ===
* See main article: Narada
=== Kelvin-type shuttlecraft ===
* See main article: Kelvin-type shuttlecraft
=== Constitution-class (alternate reality) ===
* See main article: Constitution class (alternate reality)
=== Military shuttle ===
* See main article: Military shuttle
=== Jellyfish ===
* See main article: Jellyfish
=== Class III neutronic fuel carrier ===
* See main article: Class III neutronic fuel carrier
=== Klingon Warbird ===
* See main article: Klingon warbird
=== Moore-type shuttlecraft ===
* See main article: Moore-type shuttlecraft
=== Starbase 1 ===
* See main article: 
=== USS Armstrong ===
* See main article: Armstrong type
=== USS Newton ===
* See main article: Newton type
=== USS Mayflower ===
* See main article: Mayflower type
=== Starship class #1 ===
* This starship class was seen briefly when the Gilliam approached Spacedock 1.
=== Starship class #2 ===
* This starship class was seen briefly when the Gilliam approached Spacedock 1. 
=== Starship class #3 ===
* This starship class was seen briefly when the Enterprise warped away from Spacedock 1. 
===Vulcan escape craft===
* This starship class is visible in the background when arrived on .
===Constitution-type escape pod===
* See main article: Constitution-type escape pod (2250s)
====
=== Takayama-type shuttlecraft ===
* See main article: Takayama-type shuttlecraft
=== Jumpship ===
* See main article: Jumpship
=== Workbee (alternate reality) ===
* See main article: Workbee (alternate reality)
=== K'normian trading ship ===
* See main article: K'normian trading ship
=== D4-class ===
* See main article: D4 class
=== Io Facility ===
* See main article: Io Facility
=== Cargo shuttle ===
* See main article: Cargo shuttle
=== Dreadnought-class ===
* See main article: Dreadnought class
=== Garbage barge ===
* See main article: Garbage barge
====
=== Starbase Yorktown ===
* See main article: Yorktown
=== Yorktown satellite ===
* See main article: Yorktown satellite
=== Kalara's escape pod ===
* See main article: Kalara's escape pod
=== Yorktown sentry ships ===
* See main article: Yorktown sentry ship
=== Swarm ship ===
* See main article: Swarm ship
=== Krall's command ship ===
* See main article: Krall's command ship
=== Freedom-class ===
* See main article: Freedom class
=== Salcombe-type ===
* See main article: Salcombe type
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