Italy

Italy (Latin and Italian: Italia) is a country located in southern Europe that shares borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, and to the north.
==History==
===Isu era===
During the Isu Era, the First Civilization built at least three vaults in the area that would one day become the city of Rome. Certain of the Isu were later considered as gods by the Romans and ancient Greeks, with Jupiter, Minerva, and Juno comprising what would be remembered as the Capitoline Triad, a group of gods worshipped on the Capitoline Hill.
===Roman era===
Between the 8th century BCE and the 7th century BCE, the Greeks founded many colonies in the South of Italy. The cities of Naples, Sybaris and Croton formed a part of the Magna Graecia.Assassin's Creed: Odyssey During the 6th century BCE, the mathematician Pythagoras visited Italy and discovered one of the Isu vaults. His followers built a Temple on the site of the vault to hide it.
According to legends, the city of Rome was founded in 753 BCE by Romulus after he killed his twin brother Remus. In 510 BCE, the monarchy of Rome fell and the Roman Republic was created. The Republic conquered all of Italy before turning its attention to other lands around the Mediterranean, including Hispanica, Cyrenaica, and Greece.
In 71 BCE, Spartacus amongst others, incited a . By the rebellion's end, Spartacus and 6000 others were crucified to death as punishment.
Circa 60 BCE, the Roman Republic became became an influencial power in Egypt and the Middle East with the military campaigns of the consul Pompey. Another consul, Gaius Julius Caesar, conquered Gaul in 52 BCE.
In 49 BCE, war erupted between Pompey and Caesar and, after becoming dictator, Caesar tracked Pompey to Egypt. In 46 BCE, after triumphing from Pompey's and Ptolemy XIII's army, Caesar returned in Rome with Cleopatra VII, the pharaoh of Egypt, and their son Caesarion. In Egypt, Caesar became involved with the Order of the Ancients, a secret society which had controlled Egypt for over a millenia and would eventually find himself in control of the Order. In 44 BCE, following Caesar's assassination by Amunet of the Hidden Ones, control of the both the Order and the Republic passed to his adopted son Octavian. With the Order's support, Octavian later founded the Roman Empire in 27 BCE, becoming its first emperor.Assassin's Creed: Origins comic
The emperor Caligula, one of Augustus' successor, was manipulated by the Order of the Ancients. In 41 CE, the Hidden Ones Leonius with other members of his Brotherhood stabbed Caligula to death.
Around 60 CE, Simon Peter–a disciple of the preacher Jesus of Nazareth–who wielded a Staff of Eden, arrived in Rome to spread the Christianity in Italy. In 67 CE, the emperor Nero ordered Peter's execution and the persecution of the Christians. The Staff of Eden was down among the leaders of the Christian community. During the 4th century, the Christianity became the official religion of the empire.
===Middle Ages===
In 476 CE, the Western Roman Empire collapsed. During the 5th century, the Ostrogoths, who had sacked Rome previously, controlled the city of Florence. During the 6th century, it fell under the control of the Lombards. Italy soon found itself divided into countless city-states. In late 7th Century, a Republic was formed in the city of Venice,Assassin's Creed II – Database: Venezia and in 751 CE, the bishop of Rome founded his own state, becoming the Pope and the spiritual leader of Catholic World. During the 11th century, the Normans invaded the south of Italy and founded the Kingdom of Naples.Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood – Database: Napoli During the 12th Century, Florence became a Republic.
During the times of the Crusades, Italian-states as Venice and Genoa had economical connection with Middle East, having Italian districts in the cities of Acre and Constantinople. In 1269, the explorers brothers Niccolò and Maffeo Polo returned in Venice from a long journey in Levant. During their travel, they met Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad, the Mentor of the Levantine Brotherhood of Assassins, the medieval iteration of the Hidden Ones. He inducted them in the Brotherhood and entrusted to them his Codex.The Polos lost the book from the Mongols during their return. In Venice, the brothers founded a Assassins guild and Niccolò trained his son Marco to became an Assassin. Between 1271 and 1295, the three Polos traveled to Kublai Khan's court and recovered the Codex before returning in Venice.Assassin's Creed: Revelations
Later, Marco entered in contact with the Florentine writer Dante Alighieri, who was also an Assassin. One of Marco's sailor and his son Domenico also joined the Brotherhood. In 1321, Alighieri was assassinated by the Templar Order, the successor of the Order of the Ancients. The Italian Assassins decided to hide the Codex in Spain and sent Domenico with his wife and his son to accomplish the mission. Around 1324, the Templars killed Marco Polo and Domenico's father in Venice. Domenico returned in Italy after successfully dispatched the Codex pages but having lost his wife by the hands of pirates. With the fortune of Marco, Domenico built a new identity, posing as a Florentine noble from the House of Auditore. In 1327, he acquired a Villa in the city of Monteriggioni in Tuscany which became the headquarters of the Italian Assassins. Domenico also installed a crypt for his family under the city and locked the Armor of Altaïr in the Sanctuary. The Seals were hidden in six Assassin Tombs in Florence, Venice, San Gimignano and Forlì. In 1356, Renato, Domenico's son, was in possession of a Shroud of Eden and hid it under the Villa.Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy – Italian Wars: Chapter 3 – Mario Auditore
===Renaissance===
Italy served as the birthplace of the Renaissance, a cultural movement which soon spread throughout all of Europe, during the 15th century. Florence was one of the major cultural center of the Italian Renaissance. The Duomo of the Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore of Filippo Brunelleschi became a manifest of the Renaissance and the artistic patronage of the House of Medici, the rulers of Florence, greatly impacted the cultural influence of the city around Italy.Assassin's Creed II – Database: Firenze
When Rodrigo Borgia became Grand Master of the Italian Templars by 1476, the Templars executed plans to take over the major city-states of northern Italy. They first organized the assassination of Galeazzo Maria Sforza, the Duke of Milan. As the Assassin Giovanni Auditore da Firenze tried to stop their plans,Assassin's Creed: Lineage they executed him and two of his sons. Giovanni's last remaining son, Ezio, with the support of the Assassins, thwarted many Templar plots, including the Pazzi conspiracy against Lorenzo de' Medici in 1478 and the attempt to take control of the Venetian Republic during the 1480s. In 1492, the Templars nonetheless managed to seize control of Rome and the rest of the Papal States when Rodrigo Borgia was crowned Pope Alexander VI.
In 1488, the Italian Templars delivered in Venice an Apple of Eden from East. This artifact was in possession of the Assassins for a short time before losing it during the Battle of Forlì. The monk Girolamo Savonarola recovered the artifact and after the death of Lorenzo de' Medici in 1492 and the invasion of Italy by the troops of the King Charles VIII of France in 1494, Savonarola took the power in Florence, installing a theocracy. As Rodrigo tried to recover the artifact, Florence and the Papacy entered in war. In 1498, the Assassins rose the population against Savonarola to reclaim the Apple. Savonarola was condemned to die at the stake, ending the Bonfire of the Vanities and announcing the return of the republic in the city.
In 1498, the King Louis XII of France allied with Alexander VI in his conquest of Naples. Rodrigo's son, Cesare Borgia, further conquered several other regions of Italy like Imola annd Romagna in his role as Captain General of the Papal Armies, expecting to unify Italy. In 1499, the Venetian Republic entered in war against the Ottoman Empire.
In December 1499, after defeating Rodrigo in the Sistine Chapel, Ezio openned the Vatican Vault with the Apple and the Papal staff. He entered in communication with Minerva, who told him about the Great Catastrophe and warning his descendant about the incoming Second Disaster. Later, Cesare led an attack on Monteriggioni, taking the Apple, capturing Caterina Sforza and killing Mario Auditore. Ezio decided to install the new headquarters of the Assassins in Rome, recruiting the population to defeat Cesare plan. Ezio traveled through Italy to destroy Leonardo da Vinci's war machines to foil the military project of Cesare. A team of Assassins led by Francesco Vecellio operated in Italy to support Cesare's enemies and attack the French troops of the Templar Charles de la Motte.Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy – Rome: Chapter 3 – Francesco Vecellio
By 1503, due to the subsequent actions of the Assassins, coupled with Rodrigo's death at the hands of his son, the Templars' influence in Rome and Italy waned. The succeeding Popes, Pius III and Julius II, did not favor Cesare, and the Templars' influence in Italy collapsed, while the Assassins maintained a strong presence in the country.
By 1506, Ezio decided to hid the Apple of Eden in the Colosseum Vault. The Hermeticists led by Ercole Massimo tried to recover the artifact and also kidnapped Leonardo Da Vinci to find the Temple of Pythagoras. Ezio killed Ercole and with Leonardo discovered what was in the vault.
In 1509, Louis XII of France invaded the Venetian Republic. The Venetian condottiero and Assassin Bartolomeo d'Alviano tried to defended the city of Agnadello during a battle but was captured. Bartolomeo's cousin, Niccolò di Pitigliano stole the Shroud of Eden from the Assassins during the conflict. A year later, Francesco Vecellio mortally wounded Pitigliano and recovered the artifact for the Brotherhood.Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy – Italian Wars: Chapter 2 – Francesco Vecellio
In 1511, the city of Genoa was under the control of the French troops. The Genoese captain Andrea Doria led a revolt against the French, with the help of  a team of Ottoman Assassins. After this attempt failed, the Assassins escorted Doria out of the city.
In 1513, the Republic of Venice allied with the French against Milan. In 1515, Bartolomeo d'Alviano participated to the French victory in Marignano against the Swiss mercenaries. The same, the Templars in Florence were in possession of a Apple of Eden. The Assassins Giovanni Borgia and Hiram Stoddard tried to recover the artifact but failed.Assassin's Creed – 
In 1524, the Chinese Assassins Zhu Jiuyuan and Shao Jun arrived in Venice to enter in contact with Ezio Auditore to help them in the reconstruction of their branch. They were tracked by agents of the Chinese Rite of the Templar Order and Zhu was killed. Shao arrived in Tuscany and with Ezio's help, killed the Templars who tracked her. Shao left Italy with a Precursor box gave by Ezio.Assassin's Creed: Embers
In 1527, Rome was sacked by the Imperial troops. Around that time, Giovanni Borgia and his wife Maria Amiel entered in the Temple of Pythagoras and were in contact with Consus.Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy – Divine Science: Chapter 1 – Maria Amiel
In 1542, the pope Paul III established the Roman Inquisition in Italy, a system of tribunals for prosecuting anyone with alternate religious beliefs. Individuals as Giordano Bruno and Galileo Galilei were judged and condemned by the Inquisition.Assassin's Creed DNA – Timeline
===Modern era===
In 1853, the Aurora Equestrian Troupe performed in Rome, where its acrobat Pierrette Arnaud searched for a lost soldier and Ada Lovelace's childhood friend, Simeon Price.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Magus Conspiracy – Chapter 9 A year later, Price found himself at a villa near Lake Como, stayed there with its owner, Laura. However, after saving another visitor, Felice Orsini, from soldiers, Price had to leave after his mention of the "Magus" saving him.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Magus Conspiracy – Chapter 12
===World War I===
In the century after its unification occurred, Italy joined with the British Empire in First World War, supporting it against the German Empire.
===World War II===
During the inter-war period, Italian dictator , joined forces with the Templar puppet and dictator of Germany, Adolf Hitler. Together with Japan, they formed the and a Second World War started against the , perpetrated by the United Kingdom, the United States and the Soviet Union, led by Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin, both three, sympathizers of the Templar Order.
===Modern times===
By the early 21st Century the Templars had returned to prominence in the country, thanks mainly to the establishment of an Abstergo Industries laboratory in Rome. Assassin's Creed In 2012, a team of Assassins consisting of Desmond Miles, Lucy Stillman, Shaun Hastings, and Rebecca Crane traveled through the country in the weeks after Desmond escaped from the Roman facility.
==Appearances==
*Assassin's Creed 
*Assassin's Creed: Lineage
*Assassin's Creed II
*Assassin's Creed II: Discovery
*Assassin's Creed: Ascendance
*Assassin's Creed: Renaissance
*Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood
*Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy
*Assassin's Creed: Embers
*Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood novel
*Assassin's Creed: Revelations
*Assassin's Creed: Revelations novel
*Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag 
*Assassin's Creed: Memories
*Assassin's Creed: Initiates
*Assassin's Creed: Assassins
*Assassin's Creed: Reflections
*Assassin's Creed: Origins
*Discovery Tour: Ancient Greece 
*Assassin's Creed: Identity
*Assassin's Creed: Rebellion
*Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood of Venice
*Assassin's Creed: Valhalla – Geirmund's Saga 
*Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Magus Conspiracy
*Assassin's Creed: Escape Room Puzzle Book
*Assassin's Creed: Forgotten Temple 
*Assassin's Creed: Nexus VR
*Assassin's Creed Roleplaying Game 
==References==
de:Italien
es:Italia
fr:Italie
hu:Olaszország (Itália)
it:Italia
ja:イタリア
nl:Italië
pl:Włochy
pt-br:Itália
ru:Италия
zh:意大利
 
Category:Countries in Europe