Rhetorique

Etymologia: Ex awo hellen ρητορική = "orator art". 
Definition: Rhetorique est id art os tolke in public, os eloquence, quod folossiet id imkan om "convinces" (xeimen ios intellect) ed "persuade" (xeimen ios affect) un umum. 
==Rhetorique in Antiquitat==
In id Athenas iom Vt ed VItios secules pre JC, id directo democratia vidt triumphe tens quoy folossient efficient-ye ir wekwos : dank ir werdenscience, ies rhetors ("orators") dominent in talim ed influent id public gwit. Socrates (469-399 pre JC) hat combatten iens Sophistes, ibs mambhend prefere efficience ad vertat. Rhetorique biht kwaht ka id art om lughes ed drughes : id duct, via id honn dia alter leuds, do tyrannia. Yed Platon (427-347) suaprecidt od ne rhetorique est ad blame, sontern id neudo tos ab iens rhetors. Tod philosophic miskehnsen dia rhetorique expliet id pejorative connotation quod naayibiset tod ilm. Rhetorique flattert id aur ed id kheissasia'l kleustrer, bet id ne mehneiht; tod partial ed mutaasib visiono ne tehrpt myehrsihes od rhetorique est uno menghia om prabhils regend ed kemallihes id elaboration os cada logos.
 Marcus Tullius Cicero (106-43 pre JC) buit un roman advocat, politic, scriptor, orator ed philosoph. Ois un awo familia om ritters, Cicero buit oin im relevantsten rjienbwutsen os Roman Antiquitat. Eys vast literaro production, quod leit ex politic orations do scripts om philosophia ed rhetorique, ne tik ananct un precieus portrait ios roman societat unte ia ultim troublen yars ios Respublic, sontern hat yaschi remant ka exempel pro vasyens autors ios 1stios secule pre JC, hina bihe ayt id model os latin classic literature.
==Ia parts os rhetorique==
Tolke est organise un logos ab un topic wa quaestio ("question"); id argumentative orbato tyehct tun sekwent ta etapes : 
- inventio : paursken iom arguments,inventar iom neudtu materials;
- dispositio : coherent organisation iom materials, correspondend quo moderne professors kale id logic antplehcen iom ideen (installations os un these, explicitation, refutation, recapitulation);
- elocutio : weiden ios forme ed ios ton, el orator kaurndem de trehve ia meist ubfallend stylen figures; 
- memoria : perfect memorisation (esber) ios logos, neidghi sessiet improviset;
 
- pronuntiatio : art os folossie id logos eloquent-ye, neudend-ye ia intonations, silences, gestes, diction. 
Fin-ye, ia rhetorique tractats kyunggiieweer tri sulelements : λόγος, πάθος ed έθος. Todghi art os convinces dehlct knigves ep raison, dehlct ghehde gehntum emotion ed dehlct cree un vituteus image es swo pro el wohkwt. 
Id art om tolke ed scribe obedeiht it un stricto codification docneut ab rhetorique tractats pon Antiquitato tiel id XVIIIt secule. Aristoteles (384-322 pre JC), Cicero, Quintilian (30-100) buir emit tsay in hol Occident, ed ta parts os rhetorique buir dostrigen ab iens kyrksleuds, i politic orators ed tribuns, advocats, professors, journalistens ed vasyalg adibs. 
 Statue os Quintilian (Latin : Marcus Fabius Quintilianus in eyso gnahsa urb Calahorra, in nundiens Espania. Eyso chefdover est Institutio oratoria (90-96), yani "id formation al orator" ed al futur politic, quod kitapt id experience uns talim durevs dwogim yars (70-90). Ziel tos wehrg est daughe ka handbuk pro qui docskwnt id ars oratoria betschi un dens tractat om pedagogic talims ed didactic suggestions.
==Rhetorique figures==
Sont kyust rhetorique figures ia codifieta zariyas kay produce un style effect in un texte. Cada studyent gnoht ia magna style figures : el identifiet ia in ia literar wehrgs, betschi in reclame au id politic logos. El folossiet ia, sems newissab se, quan el emovskwt sien comtolker. Ia style figures ghehde age med grammatic (repetition, inversion, gradation, periphrase...) au med werds (metaphors, metonymia, antiphrase...). 
Quando saygo, scandirend-ye tod jumla : Ho orbaten mundie, ardie, credie, khamsi, juma, sabd, ne saygo : Ho orbaten unte id hol hevd. Aureihm ghi, per id figure os "wekwost kowpen", id importance ed id intensitat os mien jakhd. Wehkwnd-ye als, bahm alyo jecto quem un current swehrmen : id nukwto duct mien comtolker ad mehne od som unis mustahal au yatun stakhanovic, we stahalo un alt salair, sekwent id communicationscontexte. 
Unis mahir politician, un subtile advocat, un cultiven pryster vahnt orne ir logos med ta figures kay influe ir umum, ed gaines idso sympathia.