Prophecy of saint Malachy about Roman Catholic Popes

The Prophecy of the Popes (latin: Prophetia Sancti Malachiae Archiepiscopi, de Summis Pontificibus) is a series of 112 short, cryptic phrases in Latin which purport to predict the Roman Catholic popes (along with a few antipopes), beginning with Pope Celestine II. It was first published by Benedictine monk Arnold Wion in 1595. Wion attributes the prophecy to Saint Malachy, a 12th-century Archbishop of Armagh, Ireland.
Given the very accurate description of popes up to around 1590 and lack of accuracy for the popes that follow, many historians generally conclude that the alleged prophecy is a fabrication written shortly before publication. The Catholic Church has no official stance, though some Catholic theologians have dismissed it as forgery.
The prophecy concludes with a pope identified as "Peter the Roman", whose pontificate will allegedly precede the destruction of the city of Rome.
==History==
The alleged prophecy was first published in 1595 by a Benedictine named Arnold de Wyon in his Lignum Vitæ, a history of the Benedictine order. He attributed it to Saint Malachy, the 12th‑century Archbishop of Armagh. He explained that the prophecy had not, to his knowledge, ever been printed before, but that many were eager to see it. Wion includes both the alleged original prophecy, consisting of short, cryptic Latin phrases, as well as an interpretation applying the statements to historical popes up to Urban VII (pope for thirteen days in 1590), which Wion attributes to Alphonsus Ciacconius,O'Brien 1880, pp. 16 & 25. an attribution which was refuted by Claude-François Menestrier in 1694.Menestrier 1694, pp. 343–344.
According to an account put forward in 1871 by Abbé Cucherat, Malachy was summoned to Rome in 1139 by Pope Innocent II to receive two wool palliums for the metropolitan sees of Armagh and Cashel. While in Rome, Malachy purportedly experienced a vision of future popes, which he recorded as a sequence of cryptic phrases. This manuscript was then deposited in the Vatican Secret Archives, and forgotten about until its rediscovery in 1590, supposedly just in time for a papal conclave ongoing at the time.Catholic Encyclopedia 1913, "Prophecy".
Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, a contemporary biographer of Malachy who recorded the saint's alleged miracles, makes no mention of the prophecy. The earliest known reference to them dates to 1587.Comensoli Antonini 2015, p. 738.
Several historians have concluded that the prophecy is a late 16th‑century forgery.O'Brien 1880, p. 110.de Vallemont 1708, p. 87. Spanish monk and scholar Benito Jerónimo Feijóo y Montenegro wrote in his Teatro Crítico Universal (1724–1739), in an entry called Purported prophecies, that the high level of accuracy of the verses up until the date they were published, compared with their high level of inaccuracy after that date, is evidence that they were created around the time of publication.Feijóo y Montenegro 1724–1739, p. 129. The verses and explanations given in Wion correspond very closely to a 1557 history of the popes by Onofrio Panvinio (including replication of errors made by Panvinio), which may indicate that the prophecy was written based on that source.O'Brien 1880, p. 14.
One theory to explain the prophecy's creation, put forward by 17th-century French priest and encyclopaedist Louis Moréri, among others, is that it was spread by supporters of Cardinal Girolamo Simoncelli in support of his bid to become pope during the 1590 conclave to replace Urban VII. In the prophecy, the pope following Urban VII is given the description "Ex antiquitate Urbis" ("from the old city"), and Simoncelli was from Orvieto, which in Latin is Urbevetanum, old city. Moréri and others proposed the prophecy was created in an unsuccessful attempt to demonstrate that Simoncelli was destined to be pope.O'Brien 1880, p. 85.
However, the discovery of a reference to the prophecy in a 1587 letter has cast doubt on this theory. In this document the entourage of the Cardinal Giovanni Girolamo Albani interprets the motto "De rore coeli" ("From the dew of the sky") as a reference to their master, on the base of the link between "alba" ("dawn") and Albani, and the dew, as a typical morning atmospheric phenomenon.Comensoli Antonini 2015, p. 737.
==Interpretation==
The interpretation of the entries for pre-publication popes provided by Wion involves close correspondences between the mottos and the popes' birthplaces, family names, personal arms, and pre-papal titles. For example, the first motto, Ex castro Tiberis (from a castle on the Tiber), fits Pope Celestine II's birthplace in Città di Castello, on the Tiber.
Efforts to connect the prophecy to historical popes who were elected after its publication have been more strained.Feijóo y Montenegro 1724–1739, p. 134. For example, Pope Clement XIII is referred to as Rosa Umbriae (the rose of Umbria), but was not from Umbria nor had any but the most marginal connection with the region, having been briefly pontifical governor of Rieti, at the time part of Umbria.
One writer notes that among the post-publication (post-1595) popes there remain "some surprisingly appropriate phrases", while adding that "it is of course easy to exaggerate the list's accuracy by simply citing its successes", and that "other tags do not fit so neatly".Allan 2009, pp. 58–59. Among the reported "successes" are "Religion depopulated" for Benedict XV (1914–22) whose papacy included World War One and the atheistic communist Russian Revolution; "Light in the sky" for Leo XIII (1878–1903), with a comet in his coat of arms; and "Flower of flowers" for Paul VI (1963–78), with fleur-de-lys in his coat of arms.
Peter Bander, then Head of Religious Education at Wall Hall teacher training college, wrote in 1969:
M. J. O'Brien, a Catholic priest who authored an 1880 monograph on the prophecy, provided a more scathing assessment:
More recently, Thomas J. Reese, SJ, of Georgetown University said, “St. Malachy’s prophecy is nonsense.”Sieczkowski, Cavan. "St. Malachy Last Pope Prophecy: What Theologians Think About 12th-Century Prediction", HuffPost.com, Dec 06, 2017
===Petrus Romanus===
In recent times, some interpreters of prophetic literature have drawn attention to the prophecy due to its imminent conclusion; if the list of descriptions is matched on a one-to-one basis to the list of historic popes since publication, Benedict XVI (2005–13) would correspond to the second to last of the papal descriptions, Gloria olivae (the glory of the olive).
The longest and final verse predicts the Apocalypse:
This may be translated into English as:
Several historians and interpreters note the prophecy leaves open the possibility of unlisted popes between "the glory of the olive" and the final pope, "Peter the Roman".O'Brien 1880, p. 82. In the Lignum Vitae, the line In persecutione extrema S.R.E. sedebit. forms a separate sentence and paragraph of its own. While often read as part of the "Peter the Roman" entryy, other interpreters view it as a separate, incomplete sentence explicitly referring to one or more popes between "the glory of the olive" and "Peter the Roman".Sieczkowski 2013.
==Popes and corresponding mottos==
The list can be divided into two groups; one of the popes and antipopes who reigned prior to the appearance of the prophecy c. 1590, for whom the connection between the motto and the pope is consistently clear. The other is of mottos attributed to popes who have reigned since its appearance, for whom the connection between the motto and the pope is often strained or totally absent and could be viewed as shoehorning or postdiction.
The list has most commonly been divided between mottos 74 and 75, based on the mottos that were explained by Wion and those that were not. Lorenzo Comensoli Antonini divides the list between mottos 73 and 74, based on the loose connection between Pope Urban VII and the motto "From the dew of the sky", and the reference to the prophecy in a 1587 letter, prior to Urban VII's papacy.
René Thibaut divides the table at a different point, between the 71st and 72nd motto, asserting that there is a change in style at this point. He uses this distinction to put forward the view that the first 71 mottos are post-dated forgeries, while the remainder are genuine.René Thibaut S. J.: La mystérieuse prophétie des Papes. Namur-Paris, 1951, p. 10. Hildebrand Troll echoes this view, noting that mottos 72–112 use a symbolic language related to the character of the pope and his papacy, in contrast to the more literal mottos for earlier popes.Hildebrand Troll: Die Papstweissagung des heiligen Malachias. Ein Beitrag zur Lösung ihres Geheimnisses. EOS-Verlag, St. Ottilien 2002
=== Popes and antipopes 1143–1590 (pre-publication) ===
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th-cetury person.O'Brien 1880, p. 47. The original list was unnumbered.
Pre-appearance Popes (1143–1590)	Pre-appearance Popes (1143–1590) 	Pre-appearance Popes (1143–1590) 	Pre-appearance Popes (1143–1590) 	Pre-appearance Popes (1143–1590) 	Pre-appearance Popes (1143–1590)
Motto No. 	Motto (Translation) 	Regnal name (reign) 	Name 	Explanation provided in Lignum Vitae 	Coat of arms
Ex caſtro Tiberis. 	Ex caſtro Tiberis. 	Cœleſtinus. ij. 	Cœleſtinus. ij. 	Typhernas. 	Typhernas.
1. 	From a castle of the Tiber 	Celestine II (1143–44) 	Guido de Castello 	An inhabitant of Tifernum.Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum-Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber.O'Brien 1880, p. 28. 	
Inimicus expulſus. 	Inimicus expulſus. 	Lucius. ij. 	Lucius. ij. 	De familia Caccianemica. 	De familia Caccianemica.
2. 	Enemy expelled 	Lucius II (1144–45) 	Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso 	Of the Caccianemici family.According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”.O'Brien 1880, p. 28; Bander 1969, p. 19. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic.Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani 2007, "Lucio II, papa".	
Ex magnitudine mõtis. 	Ex magnitudine mõtis. 	Eugenius. iij. 	Eugenius. iij. 	Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni. 	Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.
3. 	From the great mountain 	Eugene III (1145–53) 	Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno	Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno.According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa.O'Brien 1880, p. 29; Bander 1969, p. 19. But according to other sources he was born in Pisa in modest family.Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani 2007, "Eugenio III, papa".Michael Horn, Studien zur Geschichte Papst Eugens III. (1145–1153), Peter Lang Verlag 1992, pp. 28–33.Enciclopedia dei papi Treccani 	
Abbas Suburranus. 	Abbas Suburranus. 	Anaſtaſius. iiij. 	Anaſtaſius. iiij. 	De familia Suburra. 	De familia Suburra.
4. 	Abbot from Subbura 	Anastasius IV (1153–54) 	Corrado di Suburra 	From the Suburra family. He was traditionally referred to as abbot of the canon regulars of St. Ruf in Avignon, but modern scholars have established that he actually belonged to the secular clergy.Hüls, Rudolf: Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049–1130. Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom. Max Niemeyer Verlag. Tübingen 1977, p. 201. 	
De rure albo. 	De rure albo. 	Adrianus. iiij. 	Adrianus. iiij. 	Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani. 	Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.
5. 	From the white countryside 	Adrian IV (1154–59) 	Nicholas Breakspear 	Humbly born in the town of St. Albans.Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire.O'Brien 1880, p. 31.; Bander 1969, p. 23. 	
Ex tetro carcere. 	Ex tetro carcere. 	Victor. iiij. 	Victor. iiij. 	Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano. 	Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.
6. 	Out of a loathsome prison. 	Victor IV, Antipope (1159–64) 	Ottaviano Monticello 	He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison.Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere.O'Brien 1880, p. 31; Bander 1969, p. 25. 	
Via Tranſtiberina. 	Via Tranſtiberina. 	Calliſtus. iij. [sic] 	Calliſtus. iij. [sic] 	Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim. 	Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.
7. 	Road across the Tiber. 	Callixtus III, Antipope (1168–78) 	Giovanni di Strumi 	Guido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies.O'Brien 1880, p. 33; Bander 1969, p. 26. 	
De Pannonia Thuſciæ. 	De Pannonia Thuſciæ. 	Paſchalis. iij. [sic] 	Paſchalis. iij. [sic] 	Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus. 	Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.
8. 	From Tusculan Hungary. 	Paschal III, Antipope (1164–68) 	Guido di Crema 	Antipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum.As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. However, Callixtus was Cardinal Bishop of Albano, not of Tusculum.Johannes Matthias Brixius, Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130–1181. Berlin : R. Trenkel, 1912, p. 68–69, no. 1 	
Ex anſere cuſtode. 	Ex anſere cuſtode. 	Alexander. iij. 	Alexander. iij. 	De familia Paparona. 	De familia Paparona.
9. 	From the guardian goose 	Alexander III (1159–81) 	Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena 	Of the Paparoni family.Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family.O'Brien 1880, p. 34; Bander 1969, p. 24. 	
Lux in oſtio. 	Lux in oſtio. 	Lucius. iij. 	Lucius. iij. 	Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis. 	Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.
10. 	A light in the door 	Lucius III (1181–85) 	Ubaldo Allucingoli 	A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia.The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia".O'Brien 1880, p. 36; Bander 1969, p. 24. 	
Sus in cribro. 	Sus in cribro. 	Vrbanus. iij. 	Vrbanus. iij. 	Mediolanenſis, familia cribella, quæ Suem pro armis gerit. 	Mediolanenſis, familia cribella, quæ Suem pro armis gerit.
11. 	Pig in a sieve 	Urban III (1185–87) 	Umberto Crivelli 	A Milanese, of the Cribella (Crivelli) family, which bears a pig for arms.Urban III's family name Crivelli means "a sieve" in Italian; his arms included a sieve and two pigs.O'Brien 1880, p. 36; Bander 1969, p. 28. 	
Enſis Laurentii. 	Enſis Laurentii. 	Gregorius. viij. 	Gregorius. viij. 	Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati. 	Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.
12. 	The sword of Lawrence 	Gregory VIII (1187) 	Alberto De Morra 	Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords.Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords.O'Brien 1880, p. 37; Bander 1969, p. 28. 	
De Schola exiet. 	De Schola exiet. 	Clemens. iij. 	Clemens. iij. 	Romanus, domo Scholari. 	Romanus, domo Scholari.
13. 	He will come from school 	Clement III (1187–91) 	Paolo Scolari 	A Roman, of the house of Scolari. The motto is a play on words on Clement III's surname.O'Brien 1880, p. 37; Bander 1969, p. 29. 	
De rure bouenſi. 	De rure bouenſi. 	Cœleſtinus. iij. 	Cœleſtinus. iij. 	Familia Bouenſi. 	Familia Bouenſi.
14. 	From cattle country 	Celestine III (1191–98) 	Giacinto Bobone 	Bovensis family.The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone.Bander 1969, p. 30. 	
Comes Signatus. 	Comes Signatus. 	Innocentius. iij. 	Innocentius. iij. 	Familia Comitum Signiæ. 	Familia Comitum Signiæ.
15. 	Designated count 	Innocent III (1198–1216) 	Lotario dei Conti di Segni 	Family of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name.O'Brien 1880, p. 38; Bander 1969, p. 30. 	
Canonicus de latere. 	Canonicus de latere. 	Honorius. iij. 	Honorius. iij. 	Familia Sabella, Canonicus S. Ioannis Lateranensis. 	Familia Sabella, Canonicus S. Ioannis Lateranensis.
16. 	Canon from the side 	Honorius III (1216–27) 	Cencio Savelli 	Savelli family, canon of St. John LateranThe claim in Wion that Honorius III was a canon of St. John Lateran is contested by some historians. 	
Auis Oſtienſis. 	Auis Oſtienſis. 	Gregorius. ix. 	Gregorius. ix. 	Familia Comitum Signiæ Epiſcopus Card. Oſtienſis. 	Familia Comitum Signiæ Epiſcopus Card. Oſtienſis.
17. 	Bird of Ostia 	Gregory IX (1227–41) 	Ugolino dei Conti di Segni 	Family of the Counts of Segni, Cardinal Bishop of Ostia.Before his election to the papacy, Ugolino dei Conti was the Cardinal Bishop of Ostia, and his coat of arms depict an eagle.O'Brien 1880, p. 39; Bander 1969, p. 32. 	
Leo Sabinus. 	Leo Sabinus. 	Cœleſtinus iiij. 	Cœleſtinus iiij. 	Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus. 	Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.
18. 	Sabine Lion 	Celestine IV (1241) 	Goffredo Castiglioni 	A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it.O'Brien 1880, p. 40; Bander 1969, p. 33. 	
Comes Laurentius. 	Comes Laurentius. 	Innocentius iiij. 	Innocentius iiij. 	domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina. 	domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.
19. 	Count Lawrence 	Innocent IV (1243–54) 	Sinibaldo Fieschi 	Of the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina.The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. 	
Signum Oſtienſe. 	Signum Oſtienſe. 	Alexander iiij. 	Alexander iiij. 	De comitibus Signiæ, Epiſcopus Card. Oſtienſis. 	De comitibus Signiæ, Epiſcopus Card. Oſtienſis.
20. 	Sign of Ostia 	Alexander IV (1254–61) 	Renaldo dei Signori di Ienne 	Of the counts of Segni, Cardinal Bishop of Ostia.The motto refers to Alexander IV's being Cardinal Bishop of Ostia and member of the Conti-Segni family. 	
Hieruſalem Campanię. 	Hieruſalem Campanię. 	Vrbanus iiii. 	Vrbanus iiii. 	Gallus, Trecenſis in Campania, Patriarcha Hieruſalem. 	Gallus, Trecenſis in Campania, Patriarcha Hieruſalem.
21. 	Jerusalem of Champagne 	Urban IV (1261–64) 	Jacques Pantaleon 	A Frenchman, of Trecae (Troyes) in Champagne, Patriarch of Jerusalem.The motto refers to Urban IV's birthplace of Troyes, Champagne, and title Patriarch of Jerusalem.O'Brien 1880, p. 40; Bander 1969, p. 34. 	
Draco depreſſus. 	Draco depreſſus. 	Clemens iiii. 	Clemens iiii. 	cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens. 	cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.
22. 	Dragon pressed down 	Clement IV (1265–68) 	Guido Fulcodi 	Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons.According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs-de-lis.O'Brien 1880, p. 41; Bander 1969, p. 35. 	
Anguinus uir. 	Anguinus uir. 	Gregorius. x. 	Gregorius. x. 	Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit. 	Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.
23. 	Snaky man 	Gregory X (1271–76) 	Teobaldo Visconti 	A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms.The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms.O'Brien 1880, p. 42; Bander 1969, p. 35. 	
Concionator Gallus. 	Concionator Gallus. 	Innocentius. v. 	Innocentius. v. 	Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum. 	Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.
24. 	French Preacher 	Innocent V (1276) 	Pierre de Tarentaise 	A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south-eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers.O'Brien 1880, p. 42; Bander 1969, p. 36. 	
Bonus Comes. 	Bonus Comes. 	Adrianus. v. 	Adrianus. v. 	Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ. 	Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.
25. 	Good Count 	Adrian V (1276) 	Ottobono Fieschi 	Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna.The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono.O'Brien 1880, p. 43; Bander 1969, p. 36. 	
Piſcator Thuſcus. 	Piſcator Thuſcus. 	Ioannes. xxi. 	Ioannes. xxi. 	antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus. 	antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.
26. 	Tuscan Fisherman 	John XXI (1276–77) 	Pedro Julião 	Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum.John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman.O'Brien 1880, p. 43; Bander 1969, p. 37. 	
Roſa compoſita. 	Roſa compoſita. 	Nicolaus. iii. 	Nicolaus. iii. 	Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus. 	Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.
27. 	Composite Rose 	Nicholas III (1277–80) 	Giovanni Gaetano Orsini 	Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'.Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. 	
Ex teloneo liliacei Martini. 	Ex teloneo liliacei Martini. 	Martinus. iiii. 	Martinus. iiii. 	cuius inſignia lilia, canonicus, & theſaurarius S. Martini Turonen[sis]. 	cuius inſignia lilia, canonicus, & theſaurarius S. Martini Turonen[sis].
28. 	From the tollhouse of Martin of the lilies 	Martin IV (1281–85) 	Simone de Brion 	Whose arms were lilies, canon and treasurer of St. Martin of Tours.Martin IV was Canon and Treasurer at the Church of St. Martin in Tours, France.Bander 1969, p. 38. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect.O'Brien 1880, p. 44. 	
Ex roſa leonina. 	Ex roſa leonina. 	Honorius. iiii. 	Honorius. iiii. 	Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata. 	Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.
29. 	Out of the leonine rose 	Honorius IV (1285–87) 	Giacomo Savelli 	Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions.Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose.O'Brien 1880, p. 44; Bander 1969, p. 39. 	
Picus inter eſcas. 	Picus inter eſcas. 	Nicolaus. iiii. 	Nicolaus. iiii. 	Picenus patria Eſculanus.Properly Asculanus, but that ruins the pun. 	Picenus patria Eſculanus.Properly Asculanus, but that ruins the pun.
30. 	Woodpecker between food 	Nicholas IV (1288–92) 	Girolamo Masci 	A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli).The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. 	
Ex eremo celſus. 	Ex eremo celſus. 	Cœleſtinus. v. 	Cœleſtinus. v. 	Vocatus Petrus de morrone Eremita. 	Vocatus Petrus de morrone Eremita.
31. 	Raised out of the desert 	Celestine V (1294) 	Pietro Di Murrone 	Called Peter de Morrone, a hermit.Prior to his election, Celestine V was a hermit (eremita, literally a dweller in the eremus, or desert).O'Brien 1880, p. 45; Bander 1969, p. 41. 	
Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. 	Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. 	Bonifacius. viii. 	Bonifacius. viii. 	Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ. 	Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.
32. 	From the blessing of the waves 	Boniface VIII (1294–1303) 	Benedetto Caetani 	Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves.Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto".O'Brien 1880, p. 46; Bander 1969, p. 42. 	
Concionator patereus. [sic] 	Concionator patereus. [sic] 	Benedictus. xi. 	Benedictus. xi. 	qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum. 	qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.
33. 	Preacher From Patara 	Benedict XI (1303–04) 	Nicholas Boccasini 	Who was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers.Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." 	
De feſſis aquitanicis. 	De feſſis aquitanicis. 	Clemens V. 	Clemens V. 	natione aquitanus, cuius inſignia feſſæ erant. 	natione aquitanus, cuius inſignia feſſæ erant.
34. 	From the fesses of Aquitaine 	Clement V (1305–14) 	Bertrand de Got 	An Aquitanian by birth, whose arms were fesses.Clement V was Bishop of St-Bertrand-de-Comminges in Aquitaine, and eventually became Archbishop of Bordeaux, also in Aquitaine. His coat of arms displays three horizontal bars, known in heraldry as fesses.O'Brien 1880, p. 47; Bander 1969, p. 43. 	
De ſutore oſſeo. 	De ſutore oſſeo. 	Ioannes XXII. 	Ioannes XXII. 	Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius. 	Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.
35. 	From a bony cobbler 	John XXII (1316–34) 	Jacques Duese 	A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler.John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back-translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious.O'Brien 1880, p. 48; Bander 1969, p. 44. 	
Coruus ſchiſmaticus. 	Coruus ſchiſmaticus. 	Nicolaus V. 	Nicolaus V. 	qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita. 	qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.
36. 	Schismatic crow 	Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) 	Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro 	Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII.The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name.O'Brien 1880, p. 48; Bander 1969, p. 45. 	
Frigidus Abbas. 	Frigidus Abbas. 	Benedictus XII. 	Benedictus XII. 	Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi. 	Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.
37. 	Cold abbot 	Benedict XII (1334–42) 	Jacques Fournier 	Abbot of the monastery of the cold spring.Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring").O'Brien 1880, p. 49; Bander 1969, p. 45. 	
De roſa Attrebatenſi. 	De roſa Attrebatenſi. 	Clemens VI. 	Clemens VI. 	Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ. 	Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.
38. 	From the rose of Arras 	Clement VI (1342–52) 	Pierre Roger 	Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses.Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses.O'Brien 1880, p. 49; Bander 1969, p. 46. 	
De mõtibus Pãmachii. 	De mõtibus Pãmachii. 	Innocentius VI. 	Innocentius VI. 	Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant. 	Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.
39. 	From the mountains of Pammachius 	Innocent VI (1352–62) 	Etienne Aubert 	Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not.O'Brien 1880, p. 49; Bander 1969, p. 47. 	
Gallus Vicecomes. 	Gallus Vicecomes. 	Vrbanus V. 	Vrbanus V. 	nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes. 	nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.
40. 	French viscount 	Urban V (1362–70) 	Guglielmo De Grimoard 	Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan.Urban V was French.Bander 1969, p. 47. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan.O'Brien 1880, p. 50. 	
Nouus de uirgine forti. 	Nouus de uirgine forti. 	Gregorius XI. 	Gregorius XI. 	qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ. 	qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.
41. 	New man from the strong virgin 	Gregory XI (1370–78) 	Pierre Roger de Beaufort 	Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's.The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova.O'Brien 1880, p. 50; Bander 1969, p. 48. 	
Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] 	Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] 	Clemens VII. 	Clemens VII. 	qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux. 	qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.
42. 	From the apostolic cross 	Clement VII, Antipope (1378–94) 	Robert, Count of Geneva 	Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles.O'Brien 1880, p. 51; Bander 1969, p. 50. 	
Luna Coſmedina. 	Luna Coſmedina. 	Benedictus XIII. 	Benedictus XIII. 	antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin. 	antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.
43. 	Cosmedine moon. 	Benedict XIII, Antipope (1394–1423)	Peter de Luna 	Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin.The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title.O'Brien 1880, p. 52; Bander 1969, p. 51. 	
Schiſma Barchinoniũ. 	Schiſma Barchinoniũ. 	Clemens VIII. 	Clemens VIII. 	Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis. 	Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.
44. 	Schism of the Barcelonas 	Clement VIII, Antipope (1423–29) 	Gil Sanchez Muñoz 	Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. 	
De inferno prægnãti. 	De inferno prægnãti. 	Vrbanus VI. 	Vrbanus VI. 	Neapolitanus Pregnanus, natus in loco quæ dicitur Infernus. 	Neapolitanus Pregnanus, natus in loco quæ dicitur Infernus.
45. 	From a pregnant hell. 	Urban VI (1378–89) 	Bartolomeo Prignano 	The Neapolitan Prignano, born in a place which is called Inferno.Urban VI's family name was Prignano or Prignani, and he was native to a place called Inferno near Naples.O'Brien 1880, p. 53; Bander 1969, p. 48. 	
Cubus de mixtione. 	Cubus de mixtione. 	Bonifacius. IX. 	Bonifacius. IX. 	familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi. 	familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.
46. 	Square of mixture 	Boniface IX (1389–1404) 	Pietro Tomacelli 	Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes.Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern.O'Brien 1880, p. 53; Bander 1969, p. 49. 	
De meliore ſydere. 	De meliore ſydere. 	Innocentius. VII. 	Innocentius. VII. 	uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus. 	uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.
47. 	From a better star 	Innocent VII (1404–06) 	Cosmo Migliorati 	Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star.The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. 	
Nauta de Ponte nigro. 	Nauta de Ponte nigro. 	Gregorius XII. 	Gregorius XII. 	Venetus, commendatarius eccleſiæ Nigropontis. 	Venetus, commendatarius eccleſiæ Nigropontis.
48. 	Sailor from a black bridge 	Gregory XII (1406–15) 	Angelo Correr 	A Venetian, commendatary of the church of Negroponte. Gregory XII was born in Venice (hence mariner) and was commendatary of Chalkis, then called Negropont.O'Brien 1880, p. 54; Bander 1969, p. 50. 	
Flagellum ſolis. 	Flagellum ſolis. 	Alexander. V. 	Alexander. V. 	Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol. 	Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.
49. 	Whip of the sun 	Alexander V, Antipope (1409–10) 	Petros Philarges 	A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip.O'Brien 1880, p. 54; Bander 1969, p. 52. 	
Ceruus Sirenæ. 	Ceruus Sirenæ. 	Ioannes XXIII. 	Ioannes XXIII. 	Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus. 	Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.
50. 	Stag of the siren 	John XXIII, Antipope (1410–15) 	Baldassarre Cossa 	Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. 	
Corona ueli aurei. 	Corona ueli aurei. 	Martinus V. 	Martinus V. 	familia colonna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Georgii ad uelum aureum. 	familia colonna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Georgii ad uelum aureum.
51. 	Crown of the golden curtain 	Martin V (1417–31) 	Oddone Colonna 	Of the Colonna family, Cardinal Deacon of St. George at the golden curtain.The motto is a reference to Martin V's family name and cardinal title of San Giorgio in Velabro.O'Brien 1880, p. 55; Bander 1969, p. 53. 	
Lupa Cœleſtina, 	Lupa Cœleſtina, 	Eugenius. IIII. 	Eugenius. IIII. 	Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis. 	Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.
52. 	Heavenly she-wolf 	Eugene IV (1431–47) 	Gabriele Condulmaro 	A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she-wolf on its arms.O'Brien 1880, p. 55; Bander 1969, p. 54. 	
Amator Crucis. 	Amator Crucis. 	Felix. V. 	Felix. V. 	qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux. 	qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.
53. 	Lover of the cross 	Felix V, Antipope (1439–49) 	Amadeus, Duke of Savoy 	Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross.The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. 	
De modicitate Lunæ. 	De modicitate Lunæ. 	Nicolaus V. 	Nicolaus V. 	Lunenſis de Sarzana, humilibus parentibus natus. 	Lunenſis de Sarzana, humilibus parentibus natus.
54. 	From the meanness of Luna 	Nicholas V (1447–55) 	Tommaso Parentucelli 	A Lunese of Sarzana, born to humble parents.Nicholas V was born in the diocese of Luni, the ancient name of which was Luna.O'Brien 1880, p. 56; Bander 1969, p. 56. 	
Bos paſcens. 	Bos paſcens. 	Calliſtus. III. 	Calliſtus. III. 	Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens. 	Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.
55. 	Pasturing ox 	Callixtus III (1455–58) 	Alfonso Borja 	A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox.Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. 	
De Capra & Albergo. 	De Capra & Albergo. 	Pius. II. 	Pius. II. 	Senenſis, qui fuit à Secretis Cardinalibus Capranico & Albergato. 	Senenſis, qui fuit à Secretis Cardinalibus Capranico & Albergato.
56. 	From a nanny-goat and an inn 	Pius II (1458–64) 	Enea Silvio de Piccolomini 	A Sienese, who was secretary to Cardinals Capranicus and Albergatus. Pius II was secretary to Cardinal Domenico Capranica and Cardinal Albergatti before he was elected Pope.O'Brien 1880, p. 56; Bander 1969, p. 57. 	
De Ceruo & Leone. 	De Ceruo & Leone. 	Paulus. II. 	Paulus. II. 	Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci. 	Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.
57. 	From a stag and lion 	Paul II (1464–71) 	Pietro Barbo 	A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark.The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). 	
Piſcator minorita. 	Piſcator minorita. 	Sixtus. IIII. 	Sixtus. IIII. 	Piſcatoris filius, Franciſcanus. 	Piſcatoris filius, Franciſcanus.
58. 	Minorite fisherman 	Sixtus IV (1471–84) 	Francesco Della Rovere 	Son of a fisherman, Franciscan.Sixtus IV was born the son of a fisherman and a member of the Franciscans, also known as "Minorites" (which was founded in 1209, after Malachy's death.)O'Brien 1880, p. 57; Bander 1969, p. 58. 	
Præcurſor Siciliæ. 	Præcurſor Siciliæ. 	Innocentius VIII. 	Innocentius VIII. 	qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ. 	qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.
59. 	Precursor of Sicily 	Innocent VIII (1484–92) 	Giovanni Battista Cibò 	Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily.Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ.O'Brien 1880, p. 57; Bander 1969, p. 59. 	
Bos Albanus in portu. 	Bos Albanus in portu. 	Alexander VI. 	Alexander VI. 	Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos. 	Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.
60. 	Bull of Alba in the harbor 	Alexander VI (1492–1503) 	Rodrigo de Borgia 	Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull.In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. 	
De paruo homine. 	De paruo homine. 	Pius. III. 	Pius. III. 	Senenſis, familia piccolominea. 	Senenſis, familia piccolominea.
61. 	From a small man 	Pius III (1503) 	Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini 	A Sienese, of the Piccolomini family.Pius III's family name was Piccolomini, from piccolo "small" and uomo "man".O'Brien 1880, p. 58; Bander 1969, p. 60. 	
Fructus Iouis iuuabit. 	Fructus Iouis iuuabit. 	Iulius. II. 	Iulius. II. 	Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor. 	Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.
62. 	The fruit of Jupiter will help 	Julius II (1503–13) 	Giuliano Della Rovere 	A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree.On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. 	
De craticula Politiana. 	De craticula Politiana. 	Leo. X. 	Leo. X. 	filius Laurentii medicei, & ſcholaris Angeli Politiani. 	filius Laurentii medicei, & ſcholaris Angeli Politiani.
63. 	From a Politian gridiron 	Leo X (1513–21) 	Giovanni de Medici 	Son of Lorenzo de' Medici, and student of Angelo Poliziano.Leo X's educator and mentor was Angelo Poliziano. The “Gridiron” in the motto evidently refers to St. Lawrence, who was martyred on a gridiron. This is a rather elliptical allusion to Lorenzo the Magnificent, who was Giovanni’s father.O'Brien 1880, p. 58; Bander 1969, p. 61. 	
Leo Florentius. 	Leo Florentius. 	Adrian. VI. 	Adrian. VI. 	Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo. 	Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.
64. 	Florentian lion 	Adrian VI (1522–23) 	Adriaen Florenszoon Boeyens 	Son of Florentius, his arms were a lion.Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius).O'Brien 1880, p. 58; Bander 1969, p. 62. 	
Flos pilei ægri. 	Flos pilei ægri. 	Clemens. VII. 	Clemens. VII. 	Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia. 	Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.
65. 	Flower of the sick man's pillPileus here is not usually translated as "cap", but as if derived from pila "ball" or Late Latin pilula "little ball, pill".	Clement VII (1523–34) 	Giulio de Medici 	A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill-balls and lilies.The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily.O'Brien 1880, p. 59; Bander 1969, p. 62. 	
Hiacinthus medicorũ. 	Hiacinthus medicorũ. 	Paulus. III. 	Paulus. III. 	Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani. 	Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.
66. 	Hyacinth of the physicians 	Paul III (1534–49) 	Alessandro Farnese 	Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian.According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors.O'Brien 1880, p. 59; Bander 1969, p. 63. 	
De corona montana. 	De corona montana. 	Iulius. III. 	Iulius. III. 	antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte. 	antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.
67. 	From the mountainous crown 	Julius III (1550–55) 	Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte 	Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets).O'Brien 1880, p. 60; Bander 1969, p. 64. 	
Frumentum flocidum. [sic] 	Frumentum flocidum. [sic] 	Marcellus. II. 	Marcellus. II. 	cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu. 	cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.
68. 	Trifling grain 	Marcellus II (1555) 	Marcello Cervini 	Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope.His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. 	
De fide Petri. 	De fide Petri. 	Paulus. IIII. 	Paulus. IIII. 	antea uocatus Ioannes Petrus Caraffa. 	antea uocatus Ioannes Petrus Caraffa.
69. 	From Peter's faith 	Paul IV (1555–59) 	Giovanni Pietro Caraffa 	Formerly called John Peter Caraffa.Paul IV is said to have used his second Christian name Pietro.O'Brien 1880, p. 60; Bander 1969, p. 65. 	
Eſculapii pharmacum. 	Eſculapii pharmacum. 	Pius. IIII. 	Pius. IIII. 	antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices. 	antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.
70. 	Aesculapius' medicine 	Pius IV (1559–65) 	Giovanni Angelo de Medici 	Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici.The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name.O'Brien 1880, p. 61; Bander 1969, p. 66. 	
Angelus nemoroſus. 	Angelus nemoroſus. 	Pius. V. 	Pius. V. 	Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi. 	Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.
71. 	Angel of the grove 	Pius V (1566–72) 	Antonio Michele Ghisleri 	Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco.Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel.O'Brien 1880, p. 61; Bander 1969, p. 67. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. 	
Medium corpus pilarũ. 	Medium corpus pilarũ. 	Gregorius. XIII. 	Gregorius. XIII. 	cuius inſignia medius Draco, Cardinalis creatus à Pio. IIII. qui pila in armis geſtabat. 	cuius inſignia medius Draco, Cardinalis creatus à Pio. IIII. qui pila in armis geſtabat.
72. 	Half body of the balls 	Gregory XIII (1572–85) 	Ugo Boncompagni 	Whose arms were a half-dragon; a Cardinal created by Pius IV who bore balls in his arms.The "balls" in the motto refer to Pope Pius IV, who had made Gregory a cardinal. Pope Gregory had a dragon on his coat of arms with half a body.O'Brien 1880, p. 61; Bander 1969, p. 68. 	
Axis in medietate ſigni. 	Axis in medietate ſigni. 	Sixtus. V. 	Sixtus. V. 	qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat. 	qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.
73. 	Axle in the midst of a sign. 	Sixtus V (1585–90) 	Felice Peretti 	Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion.This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms.O'Brien 1880, p. 62; Bander 1969, p. 68. 	
De rore cœli. 	De rore cœli. 	Vrbanus. VII. 	Vrbanus. VII. 	qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur. 	qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.
74. 	From the dew of the sky 	Urban VII (1590) 	Giovanni Battista Castagna 	Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected.He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.O'Brien 1880, p. 62; Bander 1969, p. 70. 	
=== Popes 1590 to present (post-publication) ===
For this group of popes, the published text only provides names for the first three (i.e., those who were popes between the appearance of the text c. 1590, and its publication in 1595) and provides no explanations.
Post-appearance Popes (1590–present) 	Post-appearance Popes (1590–present) 	Post-appearance Popes (1590–present) 	Post-appearance Popes (1590–present) 	Post-appearance Popes (1590–present) 	Post-appearance Popes (1590–present)
Motto No. 	Motto (Translation) 	Regnal Name (Reign) 	Name 	Interpretations and Criticisms 	Coat of Arms
Ex antiquitate Vrbis. 	Ex antiquitate Vrbis. 	Gregorius. XIV. 	Gregorius. XIV. 	 	
75. 	Of the antiquity of the city / From the old city 	Gregory XIV (1590–91) 	Niccolò Sfondrati 	This may have been intended by the author of the prophecies to suggest that Cardinal Girolamo Simoncelli was destined to succeed Urban VII. Simoncelli was from Orvieto, which in Latin is Urbs vetus, old city. Simoncelli was not elected pope, however, Niccolò Sfondrati was, who took the name Gregory XIV. Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to explain it by noting that Gregory XIV's father was a senator of the ancient city of Milan, and the word "senator" is derived from the Latin senex, meaning old man, or that Milan is the "old city" in question, having been founded c. 400 BCE.O'Brien 1880, p. 63; Bander 1969, p. 70.	
Pia ciuitas in bello. 	Pia ciuitas in bello. 	Innocentius. IX. 	Innocentius. IX. 	 	
76. 	Pious citizens in war 	Innocent IX (1591) 	Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti 	Proponents of the prophecies have suggested different interpretations to relate this motto to Innocent IX, including references to his birthplace of Bologna or title of Patriarch of Jerusalem.O'Brien 1880, p. 64; Bander 1969, p.71. 	
Crux Romulea. 	Crux Romulea. 	Clemens. VIII. 	Clemens. VIII. 	 	
77. 	Cross of Romulus 	Clement VIII (1592–1605) 	Ippolito Aldobrandini 	Proponents of the prophecies have suggested different interpretations to relate this motto to Clement VIII, including linking it to the embattled bend on his arms or the war between Catholic Ireland and Protestant England during his papacy.O'Brien 1880, p. 64; Bander 1969, p.72. 	
Vndoſus uir. 	Vndoſus uir. 	 	 	 	
78. 	Wavy man 	Leo XI (1605) 	Alessandro Ottaviano De Medici 	This may have been intended by the author of the prophecies to suggest to his audience a possible heraldic design, but it does not correspond to Leo XI's Medici arms. Proponents of the prophecies have suggested different interpretations to relate this motto to this pope, including relating it to his short reign "passing like a wave".O'Brien 1880, p. 65; Bander 1969, p. 72. 	
Gens peruerſa. 	Gens peruerſa. 	 	 	 	
79. 	Wicked race 	Paul V (1605–21) 	Camillo Borghese 	Proponents of the prophecies have suggested it is a reference to the dragon and the eagle on Paul V's arms.O'Brien 1880, p. 65. 	
In tribulatione pacis. 	In tribulatione pacis. 	 	 	 	
80. 	In the trouble of peace 	Gregory XV (1621–23) 	Alessandro Ludovisi 	The lack of plausible explanations for this motto leads O'Brien to comment, "The prophet, up to 1590, did not deal in generalities."O'Brien 1880, p. 66. 	
Lilium et roſa. 	Lilium et roſa. 	 	 	 	
81. 	Lily and rose 	Urban VIII (1623–44) 	Maffeo Barberini 	This motto again may have been intended to suggest a heraldic device, but not one that matches Urban VIII's arms. Proponents of the prophecies have alternatively suggested that it is a reference to the bees that do occur on his arms, to the fleur-de-lis of his native Florence, or to his dealings in France (the lily) and England (the rose).O'Brien 1880, p. 66; Bander 1969, p. 75. 	
Iucunditas crucis. 	Iucunditas crucis. 	 	 	 	
82. 	Delight of the cross 	Innocent X (1644–55) 	Giovanni Battista Pamphili 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Innocent X by noting that he was raised to the pontificate around the time of the Feast of the Exaltation of the Cross.O'Brien 1880, p. 67; Bander 1969, p.75. 	
Montium cuſtos. 	Montium cuſtos. 	 	 	 	
83. 	Guard of the mountains 	Alexander VII (1655–67) 	Fabio Chigi 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Alexander VII by noting that his papal arms include six hills, though this was not an uncommon device, and this explanation would not account for the "guard" portion of the motto.O'Brien 1880, p. 67; Bander 1969, p.76. 	
Sydus olorum. 	Sydus olorum. 	 	 	 	
84. 	Star of the swans 	Clement IX (1667–69) 	Giulio Rospigliosi 	This again may have been intended to be taken as an allusion to heraldry; O'Brien notes that there is an Italian family with arms featuring a swan with stars, but it had no relation to Clement IX. Proponents of the prophecies have claimed he had a room called the "chamber of swans" during the conclave.O'Brien 1880, p. 69. 	
De flumine magno. 	De flumine magno. 	 	 	 	
85. 	From a great river 	Clement X (1670–76) 	Emilio Altieri 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Clement X by claiming that the Tiber overflowed its banks at his birth, or as an obscure reference to his family name.O'Brien 1880, p. 69; Bander 1969, p. 77. 	
Bellua inſatiabilis. 	Bellua inſatiabilis. 	 	 	 	
86. 	Insatiable beast 	Innocent XI (1676–89) 	Benedetto Odescalchi 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to the lion on Innocent XI's arms.O'Brien 1880, p. 70; Bander 1969, p. 78. 	
Pœnitentia glorioſa. 	Pœnitentia glorioſa. 	 	 	 	
87. 	Glorious penitence 	Alexander VIII (1689–91) 	Pietro Ottoboni 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Alexander VIII by interpreting as a reference to the submission of the Gallican bishops.Bander 1969, p. 79. O'Brien notes, "There are glorious repentances during every pontificate."O'Brien 1880, p. 70 	
Raſtrum in porta. 	Raſtrum in porta. 	 	 	 	
88. 	Rake in the door 	Innocent XII (1691–1700) 	Antonio Pignatelli 	Some sources discussing the prophecy give Innocent XII's family name as "Pignatelli del Rastello", which would provide a clear way for proponents to connect this motto to this pope (rastello or rastrello is Italian for rake).See, e.g., de Vallemont 1708, p. 123, and Cucherat 1873, p. 206 (citing de Vallemont). Others, however, give the pope's family name as simply "Pignatelli", and indicate that it is difficult to find a satisfactory explanation to associate the pope with the motto.O'Brien 1880, p. 70; Bander 1969, p. 79. 	
Flores circundati. 	Flores circundati. 	 	 	 	
89. 	Surrounded flowers 	Clement XI (1700–21) 	Giovanni Francesco Albani 	A medal of Clement XI was created with the motto, "Flores circumdati", drawn from his description in the prophecies, which were widely circulated at that time.O'Brien 1880, p. 71; Bander 1969, p. 79. 	
De bona religione. 	De bona religione. 	 	 	 	
90. 	From good religion 	Innocent XIII (1721–24) 	Michelangelo dei Conti 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Innocent XIII by interpreting it as a reference to the fact several popes had come from his family.O'Brien 1880, p. 71; Bander 1969, p. 80. 	
Miles in bello. 	Miles in bello. 	 	 	 	
91. 	Soldier in War 	Benedict XIII (1724–30) 	Pietro Francesco Orsini 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to particular wars that occurred during Benedict XIII's pontificate, or a figurative war against decadence in favour of austerity.O'Brien 1880, p. 72; Bander 1969, p. 80. 	
Columna excelſa. 	Columna excelſa. 	 	 	 	
92. 	Lofty column 	Clement XII (1730–40) 	Lorenzo Corsini 	This may have been intended by the author of the prophecies as a reference to a pope of the Colonna family; a similar motto was used to describe to Martin V, who was pope before the publication of the prophecies. Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Clement XII as an allusion to a statue erected in his memory or the use of two columns from the Pantheon of Agrippa in a chapel he built.O'Brien 1880, p. 72; Bander 1969, p. 81. 	
Animal rurale. 	Animal rurale. 	 	 	 	
93. 	Country animal 	Benedict XIV (1740–58) 	Marcello Lambertini 	This may have been intended as a reference to armorial bearings, but it does not match Benedict XIV's arms. Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to this pope as a description of his "plodding ox" diligence.O'Brien 1880, p. 73; Bander 1969, p. 83. 	
Roſa Vmbriæ. 	Roſa Vmbriæ. 	 	 	 	
94. 	Rose of Umbria 	Clement XIII (1758–69) 	Carlo Rezzonico 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Clement XIII as a reference to his elevation to sainthood of several Franciscans, to which order the motto can refer.O'Brien 1880, p. 74; Bander 1969, p. 83. 	
Vrſus uelox. 	Vrſus uelox. 	 	 	 	
95. 	Swift bear (later misprinted as Cursus velox Swift Course or Visus velox Swift Glance) 	Clement XIV (1769–74) 	Lorenzo Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli 	Proponents of the prophecies have struggled to provide a satisfactory explanation of this motto; some authors claim without evidence that the Ganganelli arms featured a running bear, but this is dubious.O'Brien 1880, p. 74; Bander 1969, p. 84. 	
Peregrin9 apoſtolic9. 	Peregrin9 apoſtolic9. 	 	 	 	
96. 	Apostolic pilgrim 	Pius VI (1775–99) 	Giovanni Angelico Braschi 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius VI by suggesting it is a reference to his long reign.O'Brien 1880, p. 75; Bander 1969, p. 85. 	
Aquila rapax. 	Aquila rapax. 	 	 	 	
97. 	Rapacious eagle 	Pius VII (1800–23) 	Barnaba Chiaramonti 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius VII by suggesting it is a reference to the eagle on the arms of Napoleon, whose reign as Emperor of the French took place during Pius' pontificate. 	
Canis & coluber. 	Canis & coluber. 	 	 	 	
98. 	Dog and adder 	Leo XII (1823–29) 	Annibale Sermattei della Genga 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Leo XII by suggesting the dog and snake are allusions to his qualities of vigilance and prudence, respectively.O'Brien 1880, p. 75; Bander 1969, p. 86. 	
Vir religioſus. 	Vir religioſus. 	 	 	 	
99. 	Religious man 	Pius VIII (1829–30) 	Francesco Saverio Castiglioni 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius VIII by suggesting it is a reference to his papal name, or the fact that he was not the first pope from his family.O'Brien 1880, p. 77; Bander 1969, p. 87. 	
De balneis Ethruriæ. 	De balneis Ethruriæ. 	 	 	 	
100. 	From the baths of Etruria 	Gregory XVI (1831–46) 	Mauro, or Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Gregory XVI by suggesting it is a reference to his membership in the Camaldolese Order, which was founded in the thirteenth century in a locality called Balneum (Bath) in Latin, in Etruria (Tuscany).O'Brien 1880, p. 76; Bander 1969, p. 87. 	
Crux de cruce. 	Crux de cruce. 	 	 	 	
101. 	Cross from cross 	Pius IX (1846–78) 	Giovanni Maria Mastai Ferretti 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius IX by interpreting it as a reference to his difficulties ("crosses") with the House of Savoy, whose emblem is a cross. O'Brien notes, "A forger would be very disposed to chance some reference to a cross on account of its necessary connection with all popes as well as the probability of its figuring, in some form or other, on the pope's arms."O'Brien 1880, p. 78; Bander 1969, p. 88. 	
Lumen in cœlo. 	Lumen in cœlo. 	 	 	 	
102. 	Light in the sky 	Leo XIII (1878–1903) 	Gioacchino Pecci 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Leo XIII by interpreting it as a reference to the star on his arms. O'Brien notes this coincidence would be much more remarkable had the prophecies referred to sydus (star), as they did when describing this same device on pre-publication Pope Innocent VII's arms.O'Brien 1880, p. 79; Bander 1969, p. 89. 	
Ignis ardens. 	Ignis ardens. 	 	 	 	
103. 	Burning fire 	Pius X (1903–14) 	Giuseppe Sarto 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius X by interpreting it as a reference to his zeal.Bander 1969, p. 90. 	
Religio depopulata. 	Religio depopulata. 	 	 	 	
104. 	Religion destroyed 	Benedict XV (1914–22) 	Giacomo Della Chiesa 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Benedict XV by interpreting it as a reference to World War I and the Russian Revolution, which occurred during his pontificate.Bander 1969, p. 91; Allan 2009, pp. 58-9. 	
Fides intrepida. 	Fides intrepida. 	 	 	 	
105. 	Intrepid faith 	Pius XI (1922–39) 	Achille Ratti 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius XI by interpreting it as a reference to his faith and actions during his pontificate: in 1937, the Pope strongly condemned Nazism and Communism (Encyclicals: Mit brennender Sorge, Divini Redemptoris). The end of his pontificate was dominated by speaking out against Hitler and Mussolini and defending the Catholic Church from intrusions into Catholic life and education.Bander 1969, p. 91. 	
Paſtor angelicus. 	Paſtor angelicus. 	 	 	 	
106. 	Angelic shepherd 	Pius XII (1939–58) 	Eugenio Pacelli 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius XII by interpreting it as a reference to his role during the holocaust.Bander 1969, p. 92. 	
Paſtor & nauta. 	Paſtor & nauta. 	 	 	 	
107. 	Shepherd and sailor 	John XXIII (1958–63) 	Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link the "sailor" portion of this motto to John XXIII by interpreting it as a reference to his title Patriarch of Venice, a maritime city.Bander 1969, p. 93. 	
Flos florum. 	Flos florum. 	 	 	 	
108. 	Flower of flowers 	Paul VI (1963–78) 	Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini 	Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Paul VI by interpreting it as a reference to the fleurs-de-lis on his arms.Bander 1969, p. 94; Allan 2009, pp. 58-9. 	
De medietate lunæ. 	De medietate lunæ. 	 	 	 	
109. 	Of the half moonO'Brien 1880, p. 81.Bander 1969, p. 94. 	John Paul I (1978) 	Albino Luciani 	 	
De labore solis. 	De labore solis. 	 	 	 	
110. 	From the labour of the sun / Of the eclipse of the sunBander 1969, p. 95. 	John Paul II (1978–2005) 	Karol Wojtyła 	Proponents of the prophecies find significance in the occurrence of solar eclipses (elsewhere in the world) on the dates of John Paul II's birth (18 May 1920) and funeral (8 April 2005).Boyle 2013."Petrus Romanus Prophecy; Will The Next Pope Lead To The Apocalypse?", from International Business Times Other attempts to link the pope to the motto have been "more forced", included drawing a connection to Copernicus (who formulated a comprehensive heliocentric model of the Solar System), as both were Polish and lived in Kraków for parts of their lives. 	
Gloria oliuæ. 	Gloria oliuæ. 	 	 	 	
111. 	Glory of the olive. 	Benedict XVI (2005–13) 	Joseph Ratzinger 	Proponents of the prophecies generally try to draw a connection between Benedict and the Olivetan order to explain this motto: Benedict's choice of papal name is after Saint Benedict of Nursia, founder of the Benedictine Order, of which the Olivetans are one branch. Other explanations make reference to him as being a pope dedicated to peace and reconciliations of which the olive branch is the symbol.Gloria Olivae as a Peace Symbol, Does Pope Benedict XVI's resignation signal the 'end times?' 	
   In p[er]ſecutione. extrema S.R.E. ſedebit. 	   In p[er]ſecutione. extrema S.R.E. ſedebit. 	   In p[er]ſecutione. extrema S.R.E. ſedebit. 	   In p[er]ſecutione. extrema S.R.E. ſedebit. 	   In p[er]ſecutione. extrema S.R.E. ſedebit. 	   In p[er]ſecutione. extrema S.R.E. ſedebit.
 	In the final persecution of the Holy Roman Church, he will sit. 	In the Lignum Vitae, the line "In persecutione extrema S.R.E. sedebit." forms a separate sentence and paragraph of its own. While often read as part of the "Peter the Roman" prophecy, other interpreters view it as a separate, incomplete sentence explicitly referring to additional popes between "glory of the olive" and "Peter the Roman". 	In the Lignum Vitae, the line "In persecutione extrema S.R.E. sedebit." forms a separate sentence and paragraph of its own. While often read as part of the "Peter the Roman" prophecy, other interpreters view it as a separate, incomplete sentence explicitly referring to additional popes between "glory of the olive" and "Peter the Roman". 	In the Lignum Vitae, the line "In persecutione extrema S.R.E. sedebit." forms a separate sentence and paragraph of its own. While often read as part of the "Peter the Roman" prophecy, other interpreters view it as a separate, incomplete sentence explicitly referring to additional popes between "glory of the olive" and "Peter the Roman". 	In the Lignum Vitae, the line "In persecutione extrema S.R.E. sedebit." forms a separate sentence and paragraph of its own. While often read as part of the "Peter the Roman" prophecy, other interpreters view it as a separate, incomplete sentence explicitly referring to additional popes between "glory of the olive" and "Peter the Roman".
   Petrus Romanus, qui paſcet oues in multis tribulationibus: quibus tranſactis ciuitas ſepticollis diruetur, & Iudex tremẽdus iudicabit populum ſuum. Finis. (In several later printings of the prophecies, the word ſuum was dropped, leading to the translation "the people" instead of "his people". See, e.g., O'Brien 1880, p. 83.)	   Petrus Romanus, qui paſcet oues in multis tribulationibus: quibus tranſactis ciuitas ſepticollis diruetur, & Iudex tremẽdus iudicabit populum ſuum. Finis. (In several later printings of the prophecies, the word ſuum was dropped, leading to the translation "the people" instead of "his people". See, e.g., O'Brien 1880, p. 83.)	   Petrus Romanus, qui paſcet oues in multis tribulationibus: quibus tranſactis ciuitas ſepticollis diruetur, & Iudex tremẽdus iudicabit populum ſuum. Finis. (In several later printings of the prophecies, the word ſuum was dropped, leading to the translation "the people" instead of "his people". See, e.g., O'Brien 1880, p. 83.) 	   Petrus Romanus, qui paſcet oues in multis tribulationibus: quibus tranſactis ciuitas ſepticollis diruetur, & Iudex tremẽdus iudicabit populum ſuum. Finis. (In several later printings of the prophecies, the word ſuum was dropped, leading to the translation "the people" instead of "his people". See, e.g., O'Brien 1880, p. 83.) 	   Petrus Romanus, qui paſcet oues in multis tribulationibus: quibus tranſactis ciuitas ſepticollis diruetur, & Iudex tremẽdus iudicabit populum ſuum. Finis. (In several later printings of the prophecies, the word ſuum was dropped, leading to the translation "the people" instead of "his people". See, e.g., O'Brien 1880, p. 83.) 	   Petrus Romanus, qui paſcet oues in multis tribulationibus: quibus tranſactis ciuitas ſepticollis diruetur, & Iudex tremẽdus iudicabit populum ſuum. Finis. (In several later printings of the prophecies, the word ſuum was dropped, leading to the translation "the people" instead of "his people". See, e.g., O'Brien 1880, p. 83.)
112. 	Peter the Roman, who will pasture his sheep in many tribulations, and when these things are finished, the city of seven hills [i.e. Rome] will be destroyed, and the dreadful judge will judge his people. The End. 	Many analyses of the prophecy note that it is open to the interpretation that additional popes would come between the "glory of the olive" and Peter the Roman. Popular speculation by proponents of the prophecy attach this prediction to Benedict XVI's successor. Since Francis' election as Pope, proponents in internet forums have been striving to link him to the prophecy. Theories include a vague connection with Francis of Assisi, whose father was named Pietro (Peter).Walker 2014.	Many analyses of the prophecy note that it is open to the interpretation that additional popes would come between the "glory of the olive" and Peter the Roman. Popular speculation by proponents of the prophecy attach this prediction to Benedict XVI's successor. Since Francis' election as Pope, proponents in internet forums have been striving to link him to the prophecy. Theories include a vague connection with Francis of Assisi, whose father was named Pietro (Peter).Walker 2014.	Many analyses of the prophecy note that it is open to the interpretation that additional popes would come between the "glory of the olive" and Peter the Roman. Popular speculation by proponents of the prophecy attach this prediction to Benedict XVI's successor. Since Francis' election as Pope, proponents in internet forums have been striving to link him to the prophecy. Theories include a vague connection with Francis of Assisi, whose father was named Pietro (Peter).Walker 2014. 	Many analyses of the prophecy note that it is open to the interpretation that additional popes would come between the "glory of the olive" and Peter the Roman. Popular speculation by proponents of the prophecy attach this prediction to Benedict XVI's successor. Since Francis' election as Pope, proponents in internet forums have been striving to link him to the prophecy. Theories include a vague connection with Francis of Assisi, whose father was named Pietro (Peter).Walker 2014.
==In fiction==
===List of fictional Popes Peter II===
(Note: The final Pope in the Malachite list is called Peter the Roman)
*Pope Peter II – War, Progress, and the End of History: Three Conversations, Including a Short Story of the Anti-Christ by Vladimir S. Solovyov
*Pope Peter II – Petrus Secundus by Harold J. Frysne
*Pope Peter II – Peter the Second by Bruce Marshall (Third part of a Trilogy)
*Pope Peter II – The Accidental Pope by Raymond Flynn and Robin Moore
*Pope Peter II – The Final Restoration by John Cantwell Kiley
*Pope Peter II – The Reckoning by Thomas F. Monteleone
*Pope Peter II – The Third Secret: A Novel Of Suspense by Steve Berry
*Pope Peter II – Left Behind series of novels by Tim LaHaye and Jerry B. Jenkins
*Pope Peter II – Glory of the Olive: A Novel of the Time of Tribulation by Susan Claire Potts, and its sequel, Burning Faith
*Pope Peter II – En el mar de la duda by Pedro De Illanez
*Pope Peter II – The Roman: Peter II... The Last Pope? by George R. Araujo-Matiz
*Pope Peter II – Fumata Bianca by Giuseppe Magnarapa
*Pope Peter II – I giorni della tempesta by Antonio Socci
*Pope Peter II (Antipope)– L'évangile selon Satan by Patrick Graham
===Novels===
*George R. Araujo-Matiz's novel The Roman: Peter II... The Last Pope? features the fictional Pope Peter II as successor to the then Pope Benedict XVI (who dies in the novel). The book begins with the Malachite prophecy concerning Peter the Roman, the last Pope in the Malachite list.
*Steve Berry's novel, The Third Secret (2005), features the fictional Pope Peter II (originally Cardinal Valendrea), who is elected Pope after the death of the fictional Pope Clement XV.
*Glenn Cooper's novel, The Devil Will Come, uses the Malachy Prophecy as a part of a storyline which spans generations, leading to the "modern day" conclave to elect a new pope and the attempt to destroy the Catholic faith by an enemy of the church.
*Peter De Rosa's Pope Patrick (1997) is a novel about the then Pope John Paul II's supposed successor, the fictional Pope Patrick I. The novel assumes that Petrus Romanus, the last Pope in St Malachy's list, is to be regarded as a supernatural being, and that consequently Pope Patrick will be the last real Pope.
*Susan Claire Potts' book, Glory of the Olive: A Novel of the Time of Tribulation (2002), features the fictional Pope Peter II. "Glory of the Olive" is the Malachite attribute of the successor to the then Pope John Paul II.
*In James Rollins' sixth Sigma Force novel, The Doomsday Key (2009), Saint Malachy's "Doomsday Prophecy", and the conflicts between the Christians and pagans are important plot points, particularly in Chapter 21.
==See also==
* Bartholomew Holzhauser
* Bible code
* Legends surrounding the papacy
* List of popes
* Nostradamus
* The Prophesying Nun of Dresden
* Three Secrets of Fátima
* Vaticinia de Summis Pontificibus
* Vaticinia Nostradami
== References ==
=== Sources ===
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
== External links ==
* Original 1595 text of the Prophecies (Arnold Wion, Lignum Vitae, Lib. ii, pp. 307–311)
== Main source ==
* 
Category:Christian apocalyptic writings
Category:History of the papacy
Category:Forgery controversies
Category:Books of prophecies