KOEI TECMO AMERICA

Koei Tecmo Holdings Co., Ltd. is a video game and anime holding company headquartered in Yokohama, Japan.
==History of Koei==
Koei was founded on July 25, 1978 by brothers Yōichi and Keiko Erikawa. At the time, both brothers were students at Keio University. When their family's rural dyestuffs business went defunct, the brothers decided on majoring in computer programming while at college. Since being founded, the company was headquartered in Hiyoshi, Yokohama, Japan.
Koei initially focused on personal computer sales and made-to-order business software. In 1982, Koei released a game titled Seduction of the Condominium Wife, one of the earliest role-playing adventure games with color graphics on the PC-8001 computer. The game was initially successful, helping Koei become a major software company. In 1983, Koei released Nobunaga's Ambition, a historical strategy game set during the Sengoku period of Japanese history. It turned out to be much more successful than the the previous game Koei had developed, and it received numerous awards. The next game Koei would release was Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which was set during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. After that would come Uncharted Waters, a story set in Portugal during the Age of Exploration.
In 1988, Koei established a North American subsidiary called Koei America Corporation, somewhere in California. The subsidiary localized Koei games for export to all territories outside Japan, as well as producing original games and concepts with the leadership of designer Stieg Hedlund.
In 1997, Koei released Dynasty Warriors for the Sony PlayStation. Sequels in the franchise turned out to be successful, but ratings were linear and average due to lacking proper open world designs.
By 2001, Koei established a Canadian subsidiary called Koei Canada, Inc. in Canada. In 2003, a European subsidiary, Koei Limited was established in Hertfordshire, United Kingdom. Koei also maintained subsidiaries in mainland China, Korea, Taiwan and Lithuania.
==History of Tecmo==
Tecmo was first founded as the Imperial Trustee Corporation on July 31, 1967. The company specialized in the management of building maintenance, including the supplying of cleaning equipment. In July 1969, the company began to sell entertainment amusement equipment and opened its first self-managed amusement facility in March 1970 at Chiba Prefecture, Japan.
In October 1977, the Imperial Trustee Corporation was renamed Tehkan. In March 1981, Tehkan established in the United States having a corporate office in Los Angeles, California. A month later, Tehkan released an arcade game titled Pleiades.
On January 8, 1986, Tehkan changed its name into Tecmo. Trademarked as Tecmo Co., Ltd., the newly named company released Mighty Bomb Jack for the Famicom on April 24, 1986. In 1987, Tecmo released Ninja Gaiden, which turned out to be massively successful. That same year, Tecmo Bowl was released, where the game resembles real American gridiron football. By the mid-1990s, with the Sony PlayStation on the run, other titles such as Dead or Alive, Monster Rancher, Deception, and Gallop Racer were released.
On July 18, 2006, Tecmo's founder and chairman Yoshihito Kakihara died of interstitial pneumonia at the age of 67.
==Merger as one==
On August 20, 2008, Yoshimi Yasuda resigned from his role as president of Tecmo. Yasuharu Kakihara, who served as the chairman of Tecmo at the time, was named the next president of Tecmo on September 1, 2008. Around the same time, Square Enix announced plans for a friendly takeover of Tecmo by purchasing shares at a 30% premium with a total bid of ¥22.3 billion. They gave Tecmo until September 4, 2008 to either accept or reject the proposal. Upon hearing this news on August 31, Kenji Matsubara, President and COO of Koei, arranged a board meeting for the next day, September 1, 2008. The board discussed the possibility of a merger with Tecmo, and began discussions with Tecmo that same day. On September 4, 2008 Tecmo officially rejected Square Enix's proposal, and later that same day, the company announced their plans to merge with Koei instead.
Two months later, by November 2008, Koei and Tecmo announced their specific plan of action, to complete the merger on April 1, 2009, forming Tecmo Koei Holdings. Koei stock was to be exchanged for Tecmo Koei stock at a rate of 1:1, and Tecmo stock exchanged at .9:1, giving Koei shareholders, in total, a three-quarter stake in the new company. Though the combined profits in 2007 were ¥8.5 billion, they anticipated that the merged company would net over ¥16 billion in the fiscal year ending March 2012. Effissimo Capital Management Pte., Tecmo's second-largest shareholder at 17.6%, openly opposed the merger. On January 26, 2009, the shareholders for both Koei and Tecmo reached separate agreements in favor of the merger. Effissimo raised some dissent during the meeting, and implied they may seek to sell their shares. On February 12, 2009 Kenji Matsubara liquidated and dissolved Koei France SAS. On February 13, 2009, Tecmo announced it had received a repurchase claim from a major shareholder, 15.64% of the stock (3,890,700 shares) from a shareholder that stood in opposition to the firm's upcoming merger with Koei. While the requesting shareholder was not mentioned, Reuters stated that it was likely Effissimo.
Despite a plethora of misgivings, the holding company officially formed on April 1, 2009 as planned. The development divisions of both companies were spun-out into separate subsidiaries, created specifically for the planning and development of software, operating directly under the holding company. Kenji Matsubara became CEO of the new merged company, and former Tecmo CEO Yasuharu Kakihara became the chairman. By May 26, 2009, Tecmo Koei had still not reached an agreement with Effissimo, prompting the investment fund to seek mediation with a local Tokyo District Court. While Tecmo Koei favored a stock value in the mid-600 yen range, Effissimo was expected to ask for at least 900, in part due to the rejected Square Enix offer of 920 per share.
On June 23, 2009, Tecmo Koei announced a planned restructure of all of its international subsidiaries. Koei Europe was renamed Tecmo Koei Europe in 2009 and became the first subsidiary to publish games under the new pseudonym, starting with Ninja Gaiden Sigma 2. In August 2009, Tecmo Koei announced that it was establishing a subsidiary in Hanoi, Vietnam. In January 2010, Tecmo's sole subsidiary, the American Tecmo Inc., and Koei's American branch, Koei Corporation, were moved under a newly formed Tecmo Koei America Corporation, itself a direct subsidiary to Tecmo Koei Holdings. Koei's Canadian, Korean, and Taiwanese subsidiaries were re-branded as Tecmo Koei, and also moved to direct subsidiaries of the holding company. Later that month, the Entertainment Software Association announced that Tecmo Koei was now a member.
In November 2010, Tecmo Koei president Kenji Matsubara resigned. Yoichi Erikawa, the co-founder of the original Koei, took over the presidential position.
On July 1, 2014, the company and its related subsidiaries were renamed from Tecmo Koei to Koei Tecmo.
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