Lula

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (born: Luiz Inácio da Silva; ), better known online as Lula or Lula da Silva, is a Brazilian politician who is currently the 39th president of Brazil.
==History==
Luiz Inácio da Silva was born on October 27, 1945, in Caetés. He was the seventh of eight children of Aristides Inácio da Silva and Eurídice Ferreira de Melo, farmers who experienced the famine in one of the poorest parts of the agreste.https://www.wsj.com/articles/brazils-jair-bolsonaro-luiz-inacio-lula-da-silva-face-off-in-tense-presidential-runoff-11667065780 He was raised Roman Catholic.http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/mundo/ult94u82505.shtml 
In December of 1952, when Lula was seven years old, his mother moved the family to São Paulo to rejoin her husband. After a journey of 13 days in a pau-de-arara, they arrived in Guarujá and discovered that Aristides had formed a second family with Valdomira, with whom he had 10 more children.https://www.terra.com.br/istoegente/171/reportagens/irmaos_lula_abre.htm Aristides's two families lived in the same house for some time, but they did not get along very well, and four years later, his mother moved with him and his siblings to a small room behind a bar in São Paulo. After that, Lula rarely saw his father, who died illiterate and as an alcoholic in 1978.https://aldianews.com/en/politics/policy/fall-giant In 1982, he added the nickname Lula to his full legal name.https://web.archive.org/web/20140421054026/http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/d/luiz_inacio_lula_da_silva/ 
Inspired by his brother Frei Chico, a member of the Brazilian Communist Party, Lula joined the labour movement when he worked at Villares Metals, rising through the ranks.https://oxfordre.com/latinamericanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780199366439.001.0001/acrefore-9780199366439-e-463 
In the late 1970s, when Brazil was under military rule, Lula helped organize union activities, including major strikes. Labour courts found the strikes illegal, and in 1980 Lula was jailed for a month. Due to this, and like other people imprisoned for political activities under the military government, Lula was awarded a lifetime pension after the fall of the military regime.https://books.google.com/books?id=7TlK53NMGawC&pg=PT50
Lula first ran for office in 1982 for the state government of São Paulo, but lost with 11% of the vote. Cuban president Fidel Castro urged him to continue on as a politician, during a trip by Lula to Cuba.https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-global/the-story-of-lula-how-a-shoe-shiner-became-brazils-beloved-president-8357206/ In the 1986 election, Lula won a seat in the National Congress with the most votes nationwide.http://g1.globo.com/Noticias/Eleicoes/0,,AA1330800-6282,00.html 
In 1989, Lula ran for president as the PT candidate. Lula advocated immediate land reform and that Brazil default on its external debt. A minor candidate, Fernando Collor de Mello, quickly amassed support with a more business-friendly agenda and by taking emphatic anti-corruption positions. He beat Lula in the second round of the 1989 elections. Lula decided not to run for re-election as a Congressman in 1990.https://books.google.com/books?id=r-dMAgAAQBAJ&dq=%22lula%22+%221990%22+election&pg=RA1-PA49
In September 2018, Brazil's top electoral court banned Lula from running for president in 2018 due to his corruption conviction, in accordance with Brazil's Lei da Ficha Limpa law.https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/brazils-jailed-former-president-lula-barred-from-running-again-by-electoral-court/2018/08/31/88cfcb7c-ac9b-11e8-9a7d-cd30504ff902_story.html Instead, Fernando Haddad ran for president on the Workers Party ticket, and was defeated by Jair Bolsonaro.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-election-idUSKCN1LR08N
==References==
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