1991 Spanish Grand Prix

The  was the fourteenth race of the 1991 Formula One Season, held at the newly completed Circuit de Catalunya near Barcelona in Spain. It was the first time Catalunya had hosted the race, after Jerez was abandoned following Martin Donnelly's accident in 1990.
The race itself saw Nigel Mansell claim victory to keep his slim title hopes alive, after Ayrton Senna (Championship leader) dropped to fifth in the closing stages. Alain Prost and Riccardo Patrese completed the podium, as took the lead in the Constructors Championship, beating by a single point.
==Background==
Numerous stories emerged over the break between the Portuguese and Spanish Grand Prix, although the biggest involved the FIA itself. The presidential election at the governing body, FISA, saw Max Mosley oust Jean-Marie Balestre as President, after several seasons of controversy under the Frenchman. The change was significant, as Mosley had been the legal adviser to FOCA during the infamous dispute of 1982 between the two organisations.
Elsewhere, the budgets at the lower end of the field were running dry, with Coloni in particularly dire straits. Pedro Chaves left the team with his sponsorship money, declaring the car undriveable, and, with no one willing to sit in the Coloni just for pre-qualifying, the team withdrew their entry before the weekend. Team Lotus, meanwhile, saw their usual driver switch, as Formula 3000 duties called Johnny Herbert away, with Michael Bartels taking over the #12 car.
Olivier Grouillard was forced out of Fondmetal due to his poor performances, taking up the seat vacated by Gabriele Tarquini at AGS. Tarquini had seen the financial situation of the team beginning to break up the team, and opted, like Chaves, to abandon ship, joining Fondmetal. Jordan, meanwhile, dropped Roberto Moreno (who proceeded to leave the team), signing up another promising youngster to the Championship, Alex Zanardi.
The Championship battle was massively in favour of Ayrton Senna, who held a 24 point advantage with 30 left to fight for. Only one man could deny him, but Nigel Mansell was being hampered severely by misfortune and mistakes, either by himself or his team. Senna would win the title if he finished ahead of Mansell in Spain, or if he could finish second if Mansell won.
 led the way in the Constructors Championship, although they were under pressure from , just eleven points away. They were, mathematically, the only two who could win the title, while Ferrari were in a fight for third with Benetton, who had form behind them. Jordan were still fifth in their début season, and looked set to keep it, although Minardi were beginning a late rise through the table, now sat in seventh.
==Entry List==
The full entry list for the is shown below:
No.	Driver 	Entrant 	Constructor	Chassis	Engine	Model 	Tyre
1 	Ayrton Senna 	Honda Marlboro McLaren 	 	MP4/6 	 	RA121E V10 3.5	
2 	Gerhard Berger 	Honda Marlboro McLaren 	 	MP4/6 	 	RA121E V10 3.5	
3 	Satoru Nakajima 	Braun Tyrrell Honda 	 	020 	 	RA101E V10 3.5	
4 	Stefano Modena 	Braun Tyrrell Honda 	 	020 	 	RA101E V10 3.5	
5 	Nigel Mansell 	Canon Williams Team 	 	FW14 	 	RS3 V10 3.5 	
6 	Riccardo Patrese 	Canon Williams Team 	 	FW14 	 	RS3 V10 3.5 	
7 	Martin Brundle 	Motor Racing Developments Ltd. 	 	BT60Y 	 	OX99 V12 3.5 	
8 	Mark Blundell 	Motor Racing Developments Ltd. 	 	BT60Y 	 	OX99 V12 3.5 	
9 	Michele Alboreto 	Footwork Grand Prix International 	 	A12 	 	DFR V8 3.5 	
10 	Alex Caffi 	Footwork Grand Prix International 	 	A12 	 	DFR V8 3.5 	
11 	 	Team Lotus 	 	102B 	 	EV V8 3.5 	
12 	Michael Bartels 	Team Lotus 	 	102B 	 	EV V8 3.5 	
14 	Gabriele Tarquini 	Fondmetal F1 SpA 	 	FA1 M-E	 	DFR V8 3.5 	
15 	Mauricio Gugelmin 	Leyton House Racing 	 	CG911 	 	LH10 V10 3.5 	
16 	Ivan Capelli 	Leyton House Racing 	 	CG911 	 	LH10 V10 3.5 	
17 	Olivier Grouillard	Automobiles Gonfaronnaises Sportives	 	JH25B 	 	DFR V8 3.5 	
18 	Fabrizio Barbazza 	Automobiles Gonfaronnaises Sportives	 	JH25B 	 	DFR V8 3.5 	
19 	Michael Schumacher	Camel Benetton Ford 	 	B191 	 	HB V8 3.5 	
20 	Nelson Piquet 	Camel Benetton Ford 	 	B191 	 	HB V8 3.5 	
21 	Emanuele Pirro 	BMS Scuderia Italia 	 	BMS-191	 	GV V10 3.5 	
22 	JJ Lehto 	BMS Scuderia Italia 	 	BMS-191	 	GV V10 3.5 	
23 	Pierluigi Martini 	Minardi Team 	 	M191 	 	F1-91 V12 3.5 	
24 	Gianni Morbidelli 	Minardi Team 	 	M191 	 	F1-91 V12 3.5 	
25 	Thierry Boutsen 	Ligier Gitanes 	 	JS35 	 	L3512 V12 3.5 	
26 	 	Ligier Gitanes 	 	JS35 	 	L3512 V12 3.5 	
27 	Alain Prost 	Scuderia Ferrari SpA 	 	643 	 	F1-91 V12 3.5 	
28 	Jean Alesi 	Scuderia Ferrari SpA 	 	643 	 	F1-91 V12 3.5 	
29 	 	Larrousse F1 	 	91 	 	DFR V8 3.5 	
30 	Aguri Suzuki 	Larrousse F1 	 	91 	 	DFR V8 3.5 	
32 	Alex Zanardi 	Team 7Up Jordan 	 	191 	 	HB V8 3.5 	
33 	Andrea de Cesaris 	Team 7Up Jordan 	 	191 	 	HB V8 3.5 	
34 	Nicola Larini 	Modena Team SpA 	 	291 	 	L3512 V12 3.5 	
35 	Eric van de Poele 	Modena Team SpA 	 	291 	 	L3512 V12 3.5 	
==Practice Overview==
==Qualifying==
As with the majority of the 1991 season, the saw the use of pre-qualifying to satisfy the FIA's latest safety drive. The maximum limit for cars on any circuit at any time had been set at 30, meaning that 3 cars had to be removed from the weekend running. Seven drivers were therefore made to battle it out for four spots in the full qualifying session, based on their performance from the previous half season. Brabham, AGS, Fondmetal, and Footwork were the entrants who made up the session after the 1991 German Grand Prix, with Coloni withdrawn before the weekend.
===Pre-qualifying===
Brabham were proving to be dominant in the session once again, as Martin Brundle beat team mate Mark Blundell to the fastest time of the session. Blundell was two tenths slower, but over two seconds faster than the rest of the group, as Michele Alboreto and Gabriele Tarquini also made it through. With the Coloni stuck in the garage without a driver, the three casualties were Alex Caffi, Fabrizio Barbazza and Olivier Grouillard.
===Report===
Ayrton Senna struggled for pace in the first qualifying session, so had to thank Gerhard Berger for beating rival Nigel Mansell in the dying seconds. Senna was able to improve in the second session, but would remain third, sharing the second row with Riccardo Patrese in the second Williams. Michael Schumacher was able to demonstrate his talent once again, beating both Ferraris for fifth, and setting a time one second quicker than veteran team mate Nelson Piquet.
Brabham carried their impressive pace into qualifying, with Brundle and Blundell sharing the sixth row, as Gabriele Tarquini and Michele Alboreto also qualified for the race. Alex Zanardi took twentieth in his début qualifying session, team mate Andrea de Cesaris only a row ahead, as a familiar quartet left the weekend. Out went Aguri Suzuki, Michael Bartels and the two s of Eric van de Poele and Nicola Larini.
===Full Qualifying Results===
The final result for the is outlined below:
Pos.	No.	Driver 	Constructor	Time'1991 Spanish Grand Prix', wikipedia.org, (WikiMedia, 13/08/2015), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991_Spanish_Grand_Prix, (Accessed 15/08/2015)	Time'1991 Spanish Grand Prix', wikipedia.org, (WikiMedia, 13/08/2015), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991_Spanish_Grand_Prix, (Accessed 15/08/2015)	Gap
Pos.	No.	Driver 	Constructor	Q1 	Q2 	Gap
1 	2 	Gerhard Berger 	 	1:18.751 	1:21.208 	
2 	5 	Nigel Mansell 	 	1:18.970 	1:19.971 	+0.219s
3 	1 	Ayrton Senna 	 	1:19.474 	1:19.064 	+0.313s
4 	6 	Riccardo Patrese 	 	1:19.643 	1:20.392 	+0.892s
5 	19 	Michael Schumacher	 	1:19.733 	1:20.779 	+0.982s
6 	27 	Alain Prost 	 	1:20.245 	1:19.936 	+1.185s
7 	28 	Jean Alesi 	 	1:20.197 	1:20.690 	+1.446s
8 	16 	Ivan Capelli 	 	1:21.682 	1:20.584 	+1.833s
9 	21 	Emanuele Pirro 	 	1:21.250 	1:20.651 	+1.900s
10 	20 	Nelson Piquet 	 	1:20.853 	1:20.676 	+1.925s
11 	7 	Martin Brundle 	 	1:21.415 	1:20.677 	+1.926s
12 	8 	Mark Blundell 	 	1:21.021 	1:20.724 	+1.973s
13 	15 	Mauricio Gugelmin 	 	1:21.319 	1:20.743 	+1.992s
14 	4 	Stefano Modena 	 	1:20.788 	1:21.576 	+2.037s
15 	22 	JJ Lehto 	 	1:22.249 	1:20.967 	+2.216s
16 	24 	Gianni Morbidelli 	 	1:21.801 	1:22.523 	+3.050s
17 	33 	Andrea de Cesaris 	 	1:21.865 	1:22.992 	+3.114s
18 	3 	Satoru Nakajima 	 	1:22.480 	1:22.114 	+3.363s
19 	23 	Pierluigi Martini 	 	1:22.575 	1:22.510 	+3.759s
20 	32 	Alex Zanardi 	 	1:22.580 	1:23.448 	+3.829s
21 	11 	 	 	1:22.646 	1:23.407 	+3.895s
22 	14 	Gabriele Tarquini 	 	1:22.837 	1:26.214 	+4.086s
23 	29 	 	 	1:22.944 	1:23.883 	+4.193s
24 	9 	Michele Alboreto 	 	1:23.145 	1:23.868 	+4.394s
25 	26 	 	 	1:23.359 	1:23.755 	+4.608s
26 	25 	Thierry Boutsen 	 	1:23.553 	1:23.623 	+4.802s
DNQ 	30 	Aguri Suzuki 	 	1:24.211 	1:26.346 	+5.460s
DNQ 	34 	Nicola Larini 	 	1:25.330 	1:26.109 	+6.579s
DNQ 	12 	Michael Bartels 	 	1:25.640 	1:25.392 	+6.641s
DNQ 	35 	Eric van de Poele 	 	1:27.501 	1:27.556 	+8.750s
DNPQ	10 	Alex Caffi 	 	1:24.056 	1:24.056 	1:24.056
DNPQ	18 	Fabrizio Barbazza 	 	1:24.744 	1:24.744 	1:24.744
DNPQ	17 	Olivier Grouillard	 	1:25.305 	1:25.305 	1:25.305
===Grid===
The grid for the is shown below: 
==Race==
There were no changes to the grid before the race, although there was a change in the weather. Clouds had drifted in over the morning, and proceeded to dump a load of water on the circuit just before the start to wet the circuit, meaning the field would have to start on wets. But, the circuit was drying quickly, prompting Alain Prost to request that he start on slicks, a move which Ferrari denied.'GRAND PRIX RESULTS: SPANISH GP, 1991', grandprix.com, (Inside F1 Inc., 1999), http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr514.html, (Accessed 16/08/2015)
===Report===
A poor start for both Williams cars cost them places, as Ayrton Senna took Nigel Mansell for second, before trying a half hearted challenge on team mate Gerhard Berger for the lead.PhantomSMA, 'Formula 1 Grand Prix: 1991 Season Review - Part 14 - Race Fourteen: Spain', youtube.com, (YouTube, 14/04/2013), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9rpmtycKzFI, (Accessed 16/08/2015) Mansell recovered the start to hold third, but a good move by Michael Schumacher put him down to fourth, diving down the inside of the Brit into turn five. Further down, contact between Thierry Boutsen and put both of them out of the race, Bernard having had his rear wing smashed in the accident.
Mansell was sliding all over the circuit in the early stages, having to survive constant attacks by Alain Prost, whom had jumped Riccardo Patrese at the start. But, the track was still drying, and Mansell was soon on the back of Schumacher, who was launching a wave of attacks at the back of Senna in the early stages. But, the rookiee was not able to withstand the Brit, who managed to force his Williams up the inside of the German into the hairpin, before holding the outside line through the final sector, Schumacher doing well to stay inside.
Prost, meanwhile, darted into the pits for slicks, with many thinking it was simply too early in the race, despite the speed that the circuit was gaining as it dried. He tumbled to nineteenth, while Mansell pulled a move on Senna down towards the first corner, the two weaving towards each other as the braking zone approached, sparks flying every which way. Mansell had the inside, and braked the later of the two, claiming the corner and second after countering Senna's response through turn two.
Berger lost time in the pits when he stopped for slicks, the team opting to remove the tape around his brake ducts, while Mansell and Senna came in together a lap later. McLaren were their usual quick and slick selves, chucking Senna out ahead of Mansell, who had a stop two seconds longer than Senna, despite stopping first. Senna claimed the lead, with delay for Mansell allowing Berger to slip into second, before being waved past by the Brazilian to take the lead.
Yet, the rain came again, and with the majority of the field on slick tyres, it seemed only a matter of time before someone spun. The man to spin, however, was Senna, whose prowess in the wet was legendary, although it had seemed to abandon him as he went through the final corner. Having lost the back end of the car, Senna swung across the track, and only a quick reaction from Schumacher prevented a nasty accident, as Senna slid onto the grass and the edge of the gravel. Senna lost time after just about avoiding getting beached, dropping to seventh.
Berger, meanwhile, was attempting to flee the scene, although Mansell was able to latch onto the back of him nonetheless. An aggressive move by Mansell saw him snatch the lead through turn four, with Berger caught out and needing to take avoiding action. Schumacher was straight onto the back of Berger challenging him through turn seven on the following lap, but the German had to drift onto the wet part of the circuit. That seemed to catch the youngster out, as he failed to catch the rear end when he got on the power, spinning onto the inside of the circuit and into the gravel. Schumacher recovered to sixth, with the gravel compacted due to the water.
The next drama involved Jean Alesi, who had been having a quiet afternoon in the tail end of the points, until the stewards slapped him with a penalty. The Sicilian was awarded a ten second stop-go penalty at the mid way mark for weaving at the start, although all it did was fire Alesi up to fight back from ninth. Berger, meanwhile, limped into the pits with an engine failure, retiring for the seventh time in 1991, as Mansell continued to pull away.
The second half of the race saw the track almost completely dry, although the numerous retirements early on meant the field was spread thinly. Alesi was the only man on the move, charging past Senna through a good move through turn three, snatching fourth away from the Brazilian, who seemed content just to finish in the points. The final lap saw Pierluigi Martini suffer a suspension failure, meaning he finished the race with effectively three and a half wheels on his wagon, after débutante Alex Zanardi caused some late drama.
The rookie Italian challenged Gianni Morbidelli, Martini's Minardi team mate into turn two, with Morbidelli refusing to give an inch to his fresh faced compatriot. The two touched wheels, sending both into a spin, although Morbidelli managed to control his spin into a slide, as Zanardi slid into the barrier on the inside. Yet, as Morbidelli rejoined from the outside of the circuit, team mate Martini flashed across in front of him, removing the right rear of Martini's car. Morbidelli retired after sliding into the gravel, while Zanardi managed to recover and continue.
Mansell, meanwhile, finished the race almost unnoticed in the late race drama, closing the gap to Senna in the Championship to sixteen points after the Brazilian finished fifth. Prost, meanwhile, completed an excellent performance to take second, largely under the radar having been at the back for most of the first part of the race, while Patrese claimed third. Alesi claimed fourth ahead of Senna, while Schumacher's race ended in sixth, when he could have potentially claimed a podium in only his fourth start.
===Results===
The final results for the are shown below:
Pos. 	No. 	Driver 	Constructor	Laps 	Time/Retired	Grid 	Points
1 	5 	Nigel Mansell 	 	65 	1:38:41.541 	2 	10
2 	27 	Alain Prost 	 	65 	+11.331s 	6 	6
3 	6 	Riccardo Patrese 	 	65 	+15.909s 	4 	4
4 	28 	Jean Alesi 	 	65 	+22.772s 	7 	3
5 	1 	Ayrton Senna 	 	65 	+1:02.402 	3 	2
6 	19 	Michael Schumacher	 	65 	+1:19.468 	5 	1
7 	15 	Mauricio Gugelmin 	 	64 	+1 lap 	13 	
8 	22 	JJ Lehto 	 	64 	+1 lap 	15 	
9 	32 	Alex Zanardi 	 	64 	+1 lap 	20 	
10 	7 	Martin Brundle 	 	63 	+2 laps 	11 	
11 	20 	Nelson Piquet 	 	63 	+2 laps 	10 	
12 	14 	Gabriele Tarquini 	 	63 	+2 laps 	22 	
13 	23 	Pierluigi Martini 	 	63 	+2 laps 	19 	
14* 	24 	Gianni Morbidelli 	 	62 	Accident 	16 	
15 	21 	Emanuele Pirro 	 	62 	+3 laps 	9 	
16 	4 	Stefano Modena 	 	62 	+3 laps 	14 	
17 	3 	Satoru Nakajima 	 	62 	+3 laps 	18 	
Ret 	8 	Mark Blundell 	 	49 	Engine 	12 	
Ret 	26 	 	 	36 	Electrical 	25 	
Ret 	2 	Gerhard Berger 	 	33 	Engine 	1 	
Ret 	9 	Michele Alboreto 	 	23 	Engine 	24 	
Ret 	33 	Andrea de Cesaris 	 	22 	Electrical 	17 	
Ret 	11 	 	 	5 	Spin 	21 	
Ret 	16 	Ivan Capelli 	 	1 	Accident 	8 	
Ret 	29 	 	 	0 	Accident 	23 	
Ret 	25 	Thierry Boutsen 	 	0 	Accident 	26 	
DNQ 	30 	Aguri Suzuki 	 	 	 	 	
DNQ 	34 	Nicola Larini 	 	 	 	 	
DNQ 	12 	Michael Bartels 	 	 	 	 	
DNQ 	35 	Eric van de Poele 	 	 	 	 	
DNPQ 	10 	Alex Caffi 	 	 	 	 	
DNPQ 	18 	Fabrizio Barbazza 	 	 	 	 	
DNPQ 	17 	Olivier Grouillard	 	 	 	 	
Source	Source	Source 	Source 	Source	Source 	Source	Source
** Morbidelli was classified as finishing the race, as he had completed 90% of the race distance.
==Milestones==
*Alex Zanardi's début race.
==Standings==
The title fight was still alive, although Ayrton Senna was still the favourite to win, holding a sixteen point lead over Nigel Mansell. With 20 points left to fight for, Senna could now win the Championship in Japan by finishing third, regardless of Mansell's finishing position, with Mansell needing to finish higher than Senna, and get on the podium to keep the fight alive. Further down, Patrese was now almost guarenteed third, while Berger lost out to Alain Prost, who leapt into fourth from sixth.
The Constructors' Championship, however, was not a certainty, as left Spain with a one point advantage over . They would be fighting over a potential 32 points in the last two races, with Williams able to win the title in Japan with a one-two, and both McLarens retiring. Ferrari, meanwhile, looked on for an assured third place, gaining some breathing room from Benetton in fourth, while Jordan continued to hang on in fifth.  
Drivers' World Championship	Drivers' World Championship	Drivers' World Championship	Drivers' World Championship
Pos. 	Driver 	Pts 	+/-
1 	Ayrton Senna 	85 	
2 	Nigel Mansell 	69 	
3 	Riccardo Patrese 	48 	
4 	Alain Prost 	31 	2
5 	Gerhard Berger 	31 	1
6 	Nelson Piquet 	25 	1
7 	Jean Alesi 	21 	
8 	Stefano Modena 	9 	
9 	Andrea de Cesaris 	9 	
10 	Roberto Moreno 	8 	
11 	Pierluigi Martini 	6 	
12 	JJ Lehto 	4 	
13 	Bertrand Gachot 	4 	
14 	Michael Schumacher 	4 	
15 	Satoru Nakajima 	2 	
16 	 	2 	
17 	Emanuele Pirro 	1 	
18 	Mark Blundell 	1 	
19 	Ivan Capelli 	1 	
20 	 	1 	
21 	Aguri Suzuki 	1 	
22 	Julian Bailey 	1 	
Constructors' World Championship	Constructors' World Championship	Constructors' World Championship	Constructors' World Championship
Pos. 	Team 	Pts 	+/-
1 	 	117 	1
2 	 	116 	1
3 	 	52 	
4 	 	37 	
5 	 	13 	
6 	 	11 	
7 	 	6 	
8 	 	5 	
9 	 	3 	
10 	 	2 	
11 	 	1 	
12 	 	1 	
==References==
Category:Grand Prix articles
Category:1991 Grands Prix
Category:Spanish Grand Prix
Category:Formula One races in Spain