Wizards of the Coast

Wizards of the Coast (often referred to as WotC or simply Wizards) is an American publisher of games, primarily based on fantasy and science fiction themes and the current license holder of Dungeons & Dragons and its Forgotten Realms campaign setting. Originally a basement-run role-playing game publisher, they popularized the collectible card game genre with Magic: The Gathering in the mid-1990s. Today they publish board games, collectible card games and role-playing games. Currently they are a subsidiary of Hasbro.
== History ==
Wizards of the Coast was founded by Peter Adkison in 1990 just outside Seattle, Washington, and their headquarters is still in nearby Renton. Originally the company only published role-playing games such as the third edition of Talislanta and their own The Primal Order. The release of The Primal Order brought legal trouble with Palladium Books suing for references to their game and system.
The suit was settled in 1993 by Wizards paying an undisclosed sum to Palladium and agreeing not to mention their products again.
However, it made its indelible mark when at Gen Con in August 1993, the company debuted Richard Garfield's Collectible card game Magic: The Gathering under the shell company Garfield Games to shelter it from the legal battle with Palladium. The success of Magic generated revenue that carried the company out of the original basement headquarters and into its own offices. 
In 1994, they expanded their role-playing game line by buying SLA Industries from Nightfall Games and Ars Magica from White Wolf, Inc. In 1995 they released Everway and then closed their roleplaying game product line with Peter Adkison explaining that they were doing a disservice to the games with lack of support and had lost money on all of their roleplaying game products.
In 1997, Wizards of the Coast was granted US patent 5662332 on Collectible card games, followed by the purchase of TSR, Inc., the cash-strapped makers of Dungeons & Dragons. Many of the creative and professional staff of TSR relocated from Wisconsin to the Renton area, and Wizards re-hired many game designers who had been laid off during the troubled last years of TSR. TSR was used as a brand name for a while, then retired. Wizards of the Coast allowed the TSR trademarks to expire. The game and toy giant Hasbro bought Wizards of the Coast in September 1999. Between 1997 and 1999, they spun off several well-loved but poorly-selling campaign settings (most notably Planescape, Dark Sun and Spelljammer) to fan groups, focusing their business primarily on the profitable Greyhawk and Forgotten Realms lines.
In 1999, Wizards of the Coast also published the highly successful Pokémon Trading Card Game for a number of years before Nintendo took back control.
Wizards of the Coast also ran a chain of gaming retail stores, run under the names "The Game Keeper" and "Wizards of the Coast," including their flagship gaming center on the Ave in Seattle for several years. The gaming center was closed by March of 2001 and eventually Wizards announced in December 2003 that it would close all stores in order to concentrate on game design. The stores were closed in the spring of 2004.
In early 2006 Wizards of the Coast filed a lawsuit against Daron Rutter, operator of the MTGSalvation website. 
The lawsuit accused Rutter of engaging in copyright infringement, contributory copyright infringement, trade secret violation, unjust enrichment, and breach of contract. The charges stemmed from Rutter publicly posting confidential prototypes for upcoming Magic: The Gathering card sets to his website. Wizards of the Coast attempted to obtain summary judgment. The case was settled out of court, and the terms of the settlement have been sealed.
== Games and products ==
=== Board games (produced under the Avalon Hill name) ===
* Axis & Allies Revised and D-Day
* Betrayal at House on the Hill
* Filthy Rich
* Monsters Menace America
* Nexus Ops
* Risk 2210 A.D. and Risk Godstorm
* Robo Rally
* Vegas Showdown
=== Collectible card games ===
* BattleTech Trading Card Game
* Codename: Kids Next Door
* Duel Masters Trading Card Game
* Dune
* Harry Potter Trading Card Game
* Hecatomb
* Magic: The Gathering
* MLB Showdown
* NBA Showdown
* Neopets Trading Card Game
* Netrunner
* NFL Showdown
* Pokémon Trading Card Game
* Star Wars: The Trading Card Game
* The Simpsons Trading Card Game
* Vampire: The Eternal Struggle (previously "Jyhad")
* Xiaolin Showdown Trading Card Game
=== Miniature Games ===
* Axis & Allies Miniatures
* Dreamblade
* Dungeons & Dragons Miniatures Game
* Star Wars Miniatures
=== Role-playing games and supplements ===
*Alternity (defunct line, acquired in the TSR buyout)
*Ars Magica 3rd edition supplements only.
*Dungeons & Dragons
*d20 Modern
*d20 system
*Dungeons & Dragons (acquired in the TSR buyout)
*Everway
*Marvel Super Heroes Adventure Game (acquired in the TSR buyout)
*Star Wars Roleplaying Game
*The Primal Order
Wizards of the Coast drafted the Open Game License used by Open Gaming Foundation and the d20 system.
=== Standalone card games ===
* Alpha Blitz
* Guillotine
* Star Sisterz
* The Great Dalmuti and Corporate Shuffle (a Dilbert-themed edition; it is not functionally identical, however. See The Great Dalmuti for a detail on the differences.)
=== Fantasy novel series ===
Wizards of the Coast also publishes many fantasy novel series based on its other game products. Some of these are now out-of-print.
* Dragonlance
* Eberron
* Forgotten Realms
* Greyhawk
* Legend of the Five Rings
* Magic: The Gathering (since 1998)
* Planescape
* Ravenloft
Wizards also has a juvenile publishing imprint, Mirrorstone Books, which has produced books for StarSisterz, Dragonlance: The New Adventures and Knights of the Silver Dragon. 
==Appendix==
===External links===
*
* Wizards of the Coast's official site
* Publication list on Pen & Paper
===References===
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Category:Companies