Renaissance

Id Italian lexis Rinascità = "regnahsa", buit nudt in 1550 ab iom pictor ed humaniste Vasari kay kyuses ia nova formes os artistic wekwos peprehpmen pon dwo secules in Italia. Id franceois Renaissance buit nudt yant dwoter dwidel ios XVIt secule. 
I samzamans hant kwit Renaissance id evolution ios gust ed ios style, gnaht in Italia ye id XVt secule ed propaget do Europe in id druna ios XVIt, prect khaliban ab un raunstehgen ed un imitation om antique Esthetique ed mensmodus. Hant kwahn id kaschi un cultural udnoven, in rupture con un prev tun presentet ka un "medium aiwo" (Mediev) inter Antiquitat ed id present tid, eiskwt-yod yougye con tod ancian zaman. 
In tod sense, udleitend id simple xeimen os art, hat Renaissance gwohmen do kyuses, bim Historians ios XIXt secule, idpet zaman, marct ab pelu taraghant wakyas, besonters id Era iom Aunstehgens. Tod plauter acception est sohkwt nundiens. 
 Giorgio Vasari (1511-1574) buit un Italian pictor, architecte ed art historian. Vasari hieb un baygh vast camp interesse : buitghi uno manieriste pictor, wirtwent architecte (strugihsit id Palazzo della Carovana in Pisa ed id florentin complexe iom Uffizi) ed fin-ye un excellent historiograph. Eys nam est bohnden ad Le Vite de' più eccellenti pittori, scultori e architettori, un serie om biographias covehrnd id art inter XIVt ed XVIt secules. 
==Renaissance in Italia (XIVt-XVIt secules)==
Yant id XIVt secule, in Italia, adibs kam Petrarca hant est passiont ab un Antiquitat quos mult vestiges etilikweer. Id antslehnken ios humaniste movment ye id XVt secule hat acceleret id khabdo dia quantum eet antique, bringhend besonters do aye id art ed id esthetique ios hellen-romanios mund ka id expression os absolut beauteit, bad raunstohgen pos un long periode ignorance. 
Ies Italian artistes ios XVt secule (ios Quattrocento) hant it rupen con id gothic esthetique quod dar dominit in Europe, ed hant gwaukan-ye volgen kyid imitation iom styles, iom proportions, iom formes ios Antiquitat, besonters in Florence ed Rome. Hant bruct ia stehmen ed patronage em papps ed peurstens (besonters i Medici), multipliend programmes ed hangjowa. Nov Techniques (olpingen, id crehscend maestria os perspective, id studye os anatomia ed id reiken ios keipen ios nogwios) hant contribuen buwes id Italia tos zaman un extraordinar hem pro artistic creation : is architecte Brunelleschi, ies sculptors Donatelli, Ghiberti, Verrochio, ies pictors Masaccio, Botticelli, Piero della Francesca, Fra Angelico. 
Circum 1500, un pleiade artisten samt ops-ye polyvalent genie elaboret un lurhat quod vaht conditione unte tri secules id esthetic spect os Occident : da Vinci, Raphael, Bramante, Michelangelo. Venezia joint Florence ed Rome, dahnd un particular spand ei nov pingen con Tiziano, Veronese, Tintoretto. 
 Swoportrait (circum 1548) os Jacopo Robusti, gnohn ka il Tintoretto (1519-1594), buit un Italian pictor, oin im megst representern ios venezian scol ed shayad iom ultim megil pictor os Italian Renaissance. Eys lakab derivit ex id patruwo kerdos, sabbarh. 
==Id Renaissance in Europe (XVIt secule)==
In-kap id XVIt secule, France bikwehrt ka prest id itner ghyanen ab iens Italian creators aunstohct unte ia militar campagnes ducen do id peninsule ab Charles VIII, Ludvic XII ed Francesco Ist (Italia Weirs). Toy souverains attrage Italian artistens kun curt gwit emt megil arg ed kun se multiplient ia construction om royal residences (Loire chateaus). Un franceoiso scol prehpt pos 1530. Sei ies sculptors (Goujon, Pilon) remane prokwem ir italiana models, ies architectes (Lescot, Delorme) abveice ia ed concepe un original ed eleganto style. 
Id oineihsa, ye id sam moment, uns vastios territorial menghia quod jamiyet Espania, ia Niterlands, un part os Italia ed id Imperium Deutschios Nation sub id scepter os Charles V (1519-1556), facileiht id diffusion os Renaissance ye id scal os Europe. Medsu id XVIt secule, id nov style hat biht general, samt regional variations. Tik id England im Tudors remant mutamarrid, bariem in id xeimen iom plastic arts ed os architecture, ob id plen-ye smyehrt id intellectual movment. 
 Swoportrait (inter 1510 ed 1515) os Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), italian ingenieur, pictor ed mualim. Universal talent os Renaissance, incarnit alnos id menos os sien zaman, bringhend-ye ia megst formes os expression do ia roibhst camps om art ed gnohsa. Buit besic med architecture ed sculpture, wohrgit ka reisser, scenograph, anatomiste, musician ed inventor. Est ayt oin im megsten genien os menscgenos.
==Un cultural mutation==
Renaissance ne est mer-ye un esthetic revolution, id correspond un druv cultural mutation, id inkapem iom Moderne Tids. 
In un Europe in plen crosct, quos economia est kyudos-ye stimulet ab ia consequences ios Era iom Aunstehgens ios hol mund, quer urbs bihnt stets importanter, quer Reformation brehct id unitat os Christiandem menxu darmerasce ia mier dynastic Stats, id effervescence os Renaissance est multiple. 
Id humaniste men hat placen el mensc in id centre ios Creation; est gwaukan-ye optimiste ed credeiht in progress; refuset autoritat ed advoquet experiment ed leudher chehxen. Tois salct un nov menos, origin ios scientific gwayt, quod vaht obkwehke future-ye tem outurnt. To biht ja kwahn in ia paurskens ed projects os Da Vinci, ed to darmerasct bei Polec Coppernic qui contestet, in 1543, id traditional cosmographia ed demonstret od planetes tourne ambh un fixo sol. Tod nov menos duct ye id sam moment iens lieks Vesalius, Paré ed Servetus ad durses dissege cadavers kay gnohe id functionment ios badan ed id origin iom siugen.
 Michael Servetus (Miguel Servet(o), 1509-1553) buit un espaniolo liek ed humaniste. Bohnden med sien safers ed sien correspondence ei cosmopolit milieu iom humanisten siens tid, scandaliset catholics ed protestants publiend-ye Christianismi restitutio (1553), in-yod neget orsynt ed Trinitat. Makhkoumiht ka heretic ab id Inquisition os Lyon, France, is mwaungsout do Geneve, quer Calvin arresteiht ed aydheiht iom ep id piurna. Victim os religieus intolerance, Servet est ayn is prest martyr os leudher menos. Eti, is aunstohg id pulmonkwehlen.
==Ex Renaissance do barroco==
Id internationalisation os Renaissance arto duct bayad-ye do syntheses ed introduct novtats. Eti, in un Italia quod remant id magno productive hem, id udnoven os inspiration, sei ne rencauset ia antique models, creeskwt nova formes, un "manier" different ud tod iom maysters in-kap id secule. Artistes introduce meis mov, fantasia, pathetic, tem quem un paursken os elegance. 
Tod movment, kalen "manierisme", preparet id adgumt unios nov style quod wehkwt meis id kerd quem id aum ed seuwskwt emotion au surprise. Un nov esthetique, quod continuet Renaissance aun copie id, wardht unte ia sensta decennia ios XVIt secule. Est bohndt ei trouble provoquen ab id sprehngen ios Christian unitat ed ei tentative rekrig iom atmens ab id Catholic Kyrk. Tod-on art sessiet kwiten, ye id XIXt secule, ka "barroco" ed kwekmor ios XVIIt.
Category:Historia
Category:Art