Osaka Metro 66 series

The Osaka Metro 66 series is a Japanese city commuter electric multiple unit operated by the Osaka Municipal Transport Bureau and later Osaka Metro since August 1990 on the Sakaisuji Line. 
==History==
The 66 series trains were introduced to replace the older 60 series trains, which were getting on in age and lacked air conditioners. Construction of the trains took place from 1990 to 2003, with a total of 17 sets being produced by Kawasaki Heavy Industries and Kinki Sharyo; by 2002 the entire fleet of 60 series sets had been replaced with 66 series trains. The first sets were originally manufactured in six-car formations but were later lengthened to eight cars in 1994.
Refurbishment works began in 2013, giving the trains updated LCD destination displays, LED marker lights, new traction motors, a front pilot and an updated livery. Refurbishment continues as of 2021.
==Design==
The 66 series sets feature a conventional front end with two top-mounted headlights. Earlier trains feature "VVVF 66 Series Car" branding on their front cabs.
==Specifications==
Construction is of aluminum. The sets used early-specification Hitachi GTO drives which produce a droning noise which steps up in pitch, also manufactured under license by Toshiba and Mitsubishi; these have been replaced by IGBT drives by Toshiba, Mitsubishi and Hitachi.
Category:Osaka Metro trains
Category:Electric trainsets
Category:Osaka Municipal Subway trains
Category:Kawasaki locomotives
Category:Kinki Sharyo locomotives