North Korea

North Korea ( listen), officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK; Chosŏn'gŭl: 조선민주주의인민공화국; hancha: 朝鮮民主主義人民共和國; RR: Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk), is a country in East Asia, in the northern part of the Korean Peninsula. The capital and largest city is Pyongyang. North Korea shares a land border with China to the north and north-west, along the Amnok (Yalu) andTumen rivers. A small section of the Tumen River also forms North Korea's border with Russia to the northeast.[5] The Korean Demilitarized Zone marks the boundary between North Korea and South Korea. The legitimacy of this border is not accepted by either side, as both states claim to be the legitimate government of the entire peninsula. 
The Empire of Japan annexed Korea in 1910. After the Japanese surrender at the end of World War II in 1945, Korea was divided into two zones by the United States and Soviet Union, with the north occupied by the Soviets and the south by the Americans. Negotiations on reunification failed, and in 1948 two separate governments were formed: the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in the north, and the Republic of Korea in the south. The conflicting claims of sovereignty led to the Korean War in 1950. The Korean Armistice Agreement in 1953 led to a ceasefire, but no peace treaty was ever signed.[6] Both states were accepted into the United Nations in 1991.[7]
The DPRK officially describes itself as a self-reliant socialist state[8] and holds elections, but it is widely considered a dictatorship and has been described as totalitarian and Stalinist,[17][18][19] with an elaborate cult of personality around Kim Il-sung and his family. Human rights violations in North Korea have been assessed by international organizations as in a category of their own, with no parallel in the contemporary world.[20][21][22][23][24] The Workers' Party of Korea, led by a member of the ruling family,[19] holds power in the state and leads the Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland of which all political officers are required to be a member.[25]
Over time North Korea has gradually distanced itself from the world communist movement. Juche, an ideology of national self-reliance, was introduced into the constitution as a "creative application of Marxism–Leninism" in 1972.[26][27] In 2009, the constitution was amended again, removing the brief references to communism (Chosŏn'gŭl: 공산주의).[28]
The means of production are owned by the state through state-run enterprises and collectivized farms, and most services such as healthcare, education, housing and food production are state funded or subsidized.[29] In the 1990s, North Korea suffered from a famine and continues to struggle with food production.[30]
North Korea follows Songun, or "military-first" policy.[31] It is the world's most militarized society, with a total of 9,495,000 active, reserve, and paramilitary personnel. Its active duty army of 1.21 million is the fourth largest in the world, after China, the U.S., and India.[32] It also possesses nuclear weapons.[33][34]
All sources from Wikipedia.
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