Brewing

Brewing is the process of creating potions, splash potions, and lingering potions by adding various ingredients to water bottles in a brewing stand. 
== Brewing equipment ==
Name 	Icon	Use
Brewing Stand	 	Used to brew ingredients into water bottles which become potions.
Cauldron 	 	When placed, each cauldron can store one bucket of water and fill 3 glass bottles. It can hold water in the Nether without evaporating. , it can hold potions.
Water 	 	A water source block can be used to fill infinite glass bottles.
Blaze Powder 	 	Fuels the brewing stand. Lasts up to 20 separate times.
Water Bottle 	 	The starting base for all potions, made by filling a glass bottle from a cauldron or a water source block.
== Ingredients ==
=== Base ingredients and modifiers ===
Base ingredients are ingredients that can be added directly to a water bottle and are the starting point of all potions. Nether wart is the most fundamental of the base ingredients, as it is required to make the vast majority of potions.
Modifiers are ingredients used to alter the properties of a potion or to change a potion effect into a different one. The fermented spider eye is unique in that it is the only modifier that can convert a water bottle directly into an effective potion.
Name 	Icon	Result of adding to water bottle 	Modifier effect
Nether Wart 	 	Awkward Potion 	Allows the creation of more complex potions.
Redstone Dust 	 	Mundane Potion 	Extends the duration of a potion.
Glowstone Dust 	 	Thick Potion 	Enhances the level of a potion.
Fermented Spider Eye	 	Potion of Weakness 	Corrupts the potion effect (changes effect).
Gunpowder 	 	Splash Water Bottle 	Turns a potion into a splash potion.
Dragon's Breath 	 	Lingering Water Bottle (from Splash Water Bottle)	Turns a splash potion into a lingering potion.
Enhancement: Generally, upgrading a potion involves a trade-off between duration and potency. A potion with an enhanced effect has shorter duration, and a potion with extended duration cannot have an enhanced effect. However:
* Upgrading the effect of a potion that has no time parameter (e.g. Instant Health) with glowstone involves no trade-off.
* Upgrading the time of a potion that has no level II effect (e.g. Fire Resistance) with redstone involves no trade-off.
Corrupting effect: A fermented spider eye changes a potion's base effect, often reversing it or producing a negative potion.
* A corrupted potion usually does the opposite of the original potion.
* Corrupting an enhanced or extended potion into an effect that supports the modifier results in a potion with the same modifier applied.
* Corrupting an enhanced potion of Poison/Healing results in a basic potion of Harming. Enhanced potions of Leaping or Swiftness cannot be corrupted.
* A potion of Invisibility is considered a "corrupted" version of a potion of Night Vision.
Splash and lingering potions: Any potion can be turned into a splash potion, and subsequently, a lingering potion. Splash and lingering potions can be used best for affecting other entities.
* Splash potions and lingering potions can be modified in the same manner as their normal counterparts. For instance, a splash water bottle can be brewed with any of the base ingredients; the result remains a splash potion.
* Some extended/enhanced splash and lingering potions cannot be brewed from their extended/enhanced potion/splash potion counterparts, respectively (e.g. Regeneration + → Splash Potion of Regeneration +).
*Splash potions are made by brewing gunpowder into a potion and lingering potions are made with dragons breath.
* , splash potions' effects have only three-fourths of the duration of the drinkable form. For example, a drinkable potion effect of 8:00 is reduced to 6:00 as a splash potion. , splash and drinkable forms have the same duration.
* Lingering potions have only one-fourth of the duration of the drinkable form. For instance, a drinkable potion effect of 8:00 is reduced to 2:00 as a lingering potion.
=== Effect ingredients ===
Effect ingredients imbue an awkward potion with a particular effect but do not alter potion duration or intensity. When added directly to a water bottle, most of these ingredients produce a mundane potion. The exceptions to this are golden carrot, pufferfish, turtle shell, and phantom membrane, which cannot be added directly to a water bottle.
Effect ingredients
Name 	Icon	Effect 	Effect when corrupted
Sugar 	 	Speed 	Slowness
Rabbit's Foot 	 	Jump Boost 	Slowness
Glistering Melon Slice	 	Instant Health 	Instant Damage
Spider Eye 	 	Poison 	Instant Damage
Pufferfish 	 	Water Breathing 	None
Magma Cream 	 	Fire Resistance 	None
Golden Carrot 	 	Night Vision 	Invisibility
Blaze Powder 	 	Strength 	Weakness
Ghast Tear 	 	Regeneration 	None
Turtle Shell 	 	Slowness, Resistance	None
Phantom Membrane 	 	Slow Falling 	None
Cobweb 	 	Weaving 	None
Slime Block 	 	Oozing 	None
Stone 	 	Infested 	None
Breeze Rod 	 	Wind Charged 	None
== Brewing recipes ==
=== Base potions ===
Base potions are potions without effects, brewed by adding a single base ingredient to a water bottle. Of these, only the awkward potion can be imbued with an effect ingredient to produce a potion effect.
Base potions
Potion 	Reagent, base	Precursor to
Awkward Potion	 	Effect potions
Mundane Potion	 	None
Thick Potion 	 	None
=== Effect potions ===
Effect potions are primarily created by adding an effect ingredient to an awkward potion, which is created by adding nether wart to a water bottle. Certain effects require a potion to be corrupted by a fermented spider eye. The potion of Weakness can additionally be created by simply adding a fermented spider eye to a water bottle — and it is the only potion that can be brewed without nether wart.
Undead mobs react differently to effects than other mobs. They take damage from potions of Healing, gain health from potions of Harming, and are unaffected by potions of Poison and Regeneration.
==== Positive effects ====
Potion 	Reagent, base	Extended 	Enhanced 	Effects
Potion of Healing 	 	— 	Potion of Healing 	Instant Health: Restores health by .
Enhanced:Instant Health II: Restores health by .
Potion of Fire Resistance( 3:00)	 	Potion of Fire Resistance( 8:00)	— 	Fire Resistance: Gives immunity to damage from fire, lava, magma blocks, campfires, and blazes' ranged attacks.
Potion of Regeneration( 0:45) 	 	Potion of Regeneration( 2:00) 	Potion of Regeneration( 0:22)	Regeneration: Restores health by every 2.5 seconds.
Enhanced:Regeneration II: Restores health by every 1.2 seconds.
Potion of Strength( 3:00) 	 	Potion of Strength( 8:00) 	Potion of Strength( 1:30) 	Strength: Increases player's melee attack damage by .
Enhanced:Strength II: Increases player's melee attack damage by .
Potion of Swiftness( 3:00) 	 	Potion of Swiftness( 8:00) 	Potion of Swiftness( 1:30) 	Speed: Increases movement speed, sprinting speed, and jumping length by 20%.
Enhanced:Speed II: Increases movement speed, sprinting speed, and jumping length by 40%.
Potion of Night Vision( 3:00) 	 	Potion of Night Vision( 8:00) 	— 	Night Vision: Makes everything appear to be at the maximum light level, including underwater areas.
Potion of Invisibility( 3:00) 	 	Potion of Invisibility( 8:00) 	— 	Invisibility: Renders the player invisible. Equipped and wielded items are still visible.
Potion of Water Breathing( 3:00)	 	Potion of Water Breathing( 8:00)	— 	Water Breathing: Prevents the oxygen bar from depleting when underwater.
Potion of Leaping( 3:00) 	 	Potion of Leaping( 8:00) 	Potion of Leaping( 1:30) 	Jump Boost: Increases jump height by block.
Enhanced:Jump Boost II: Increases jump height by blocks.
Potion of Slow Falling( 1:30) 	 	Potion of Slow Falling( 4:00) 	— 	Slow Falling: Causes the player to fall at a slower rate and not take any damage when hitting the ground.
==== Negative effects ====
Potion 	Reagent, base(s)	Extended 	Enhanced 	Effects
Potion of Poison( 0:45) 	 	Potion of Poison( 1:30) 	Potion of Poison( 0:22) 	Poison: Depletes health by every 1.25 seconds.
Enhanced:Poison II: Depletes health by every 0.4 seconds.
Potion of Weakness( 1:30)	 	Potion of Weakness( 4:00)	— 	Weakness: Reduces player's melee attack damage by .
Potion of Harming 	 	— 	Potion of Harming 	Instant Damage: Inflicts damage.
Enhanced:Instant Damage II: Inflicts damage.
Potion of Slowness( 1:30)	 	Potion of Slowness( 4:00)	Potion of Slowness( 0:20)	Slowness: Slows the player to 85% speed.
Enhanced:Slowness IV: Slows the player to 40% speed.
==== Mixed effects ====
Potion 	Reagent, base	Extended 	Enhanced 	Effects
Potion of the Turtle Master(0:20)	 	Potion of the Turtle Master(0:40)	Potion of the Turtle Master(0:20)	Slowness IV, Resistance III: Slows the player by 60% speed and reduces incoming damage by 60%.
Enhanced:Slowness VI, Resistance IV: Slows the player by 90% speed and reduces incoming damage by 80%.
=== Cures ===
Cures are brewed from awkward potions using different elements. Drinking these removes the specified bad effect. They cannot be modified into splash, lingering, extended, or enhanced versions.
Potion 	Reagent, base	Effect
Antidote 	 	Cures Poison
Elixir 	 	Cures Weakness
Eye Drops	 	Cures Blindness
Tonic 	 	Cures Nausea
=== Unbrewable potions ===
The potion of Luck and Unbrewable Potion and the potion of Decay cannot be brewed, and can be obtained only through commands or the Creative inventory.
== History ==
==Trivia==
*Although Jeb said that in Java Edition Beta 1.9 Prerelease 3 there would be 161 possible different potion combinations with 2,653 in the future, in the actual third pre-release only 22 different potions could be made without the use of external programs. Of those, 19 potions had one of 8 different effects.
*By modifying the item NBT using an editor or commands, it is possible to get a potion that cannot be upgraded into a splash potion.
* Unlike crafting, smelting and stonecutting, there is no in-game recipe book for brewing.
*Destroying a brewing stand while still having a full 8 amounts of blaze powder drops the powder with it.
==Gallery==
Brewing stand.png|Texture file for the 1.9 brewing user interface
==See also==
*Crafting
*Enchanting
*Medicine
*Smelting
==References==
==External links==
*Minecraft Forum: All About Potions And Brewing - 1.9 Reference Guide
*Minecraft Potions - A Visual Guide
*Minecraft Commands - A Searchable Minecraft Database
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