LNER Peppercorn Class A2

The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) Peppercorn Class A2 is a class of steam locomotive designed for express passenger work by Arthur Peppercorn, the chief designer of the LNER after Edward Thompson. All save the first of the 15 built were constructed under British Railways after nationalisation in 1948.
==Construction==
The first of the Peppercorn A2s No.525 A.H.Peppercorn was outshopped from Doncaster in December 1947 on the eve of nationalization, and named after the designer of the class, Arthur Peppercorn. The modernity of the design was immediately apparent. The first two of the class were turned out in LNER apple green livery and this color was also applied to the next 13 engines delivered between January and August 1948. Repainting in British Railways Brunswick green began the following year. Another 20 members of the class were also planned, but were cancelled on 4 May 1948.
LNER 1946 Nos	BR Nos 	Year
525 	60525 	1947
526–531 	60526–31	1948
 	60532–39	1948
The design was a move towards modernity, with features such as a self-cleaning smoke-box and electric lighting. Initially the Self Cleaning apparatus caused steaming troubles when combined with a single chimney, but changes to the draughting, notably the inclusion of a Double Kylchap Blastpipe brought about the free steaming capability along with the convenience of less frequent smoke-box cleaning. Some A2's retained their single chimneys, though the Double Blastpipe did bring about notable free running on the A2's to which it was fitted, as well as an improvement in fuel economy.
The 50 sq ft grate of the A2's, a nod to the P2 lineage of both the Thompson and Peppercorn boilers, meant the A2's were capable of high power and endurance, however, with the exception of the Aberdeen road, there was little need for this large grate firebox in the postwar era, and as a result, on comparable duties the A2's were heavier on fuel than the Gresley machines which pre-dated them, but for outright power and haulage capability, they were the logical successor to the P2 class, and finally provided the answer the Edinburgh-Aberdeen route required. As a result, they were amongst the last multi-cylindered express steam locomotive classes to remain in service in the UK.
==Stock list==
Only No. 525 was technically built during LNER ownership, but 526-31 received LNER 1946 numbers. From 60532 onwards, the A2s received BR numbers from new, BR numbers being the LNER 1946 numbers with the addition of 60000. With the exception of no. 525, named after the last Chief Mechanical Engineer of the LNER, they were named after racehorses.
LNER No.	BR No.	Name 	Entered Service	Withdrawn
525 	60525 	A.H. Peppercorn 	December 1947 	March 1963
526 	60526 	Sugar Palm 	January 1948 	November 1962
527 	60527 	Sun Chariot 	January 1948 	April 1965
528 	60528 	Tudor Minstrel 	February 1948 	June 1966
529 	60529 	Pearl Diver 	February 1948 	December 1962
530 	60530 	Sayajirao 	March 1948 	November 1966
531 	60531 	Bahram 	March 1948 	December 1962
- 	 	Blue Peter 	March 1948 	December 1966
- 	60533 	Happy Knight 	April 1948 	June 1963
- 	60534 	Irish Elegance 	April 1948 	December 1962
- 	60535 	Hornets Beauty 	May 1948 	June 1965
- 	60536 	Trimbush 	May 1948 	December 1962
- 	60537 	Bachelors Button	June 1948 	December 1962
- 	60538 	Velocity 	June 1948 	November 1962
- 	60539 	Bronzino 	August 1948 	November 1962
==Service==
Initially, the A2s were based at depots the length of the East Coast Main Line, ranging from New England (Peterborough) in the south to Edinburgh's Haymarket. In 1949 five were put to work on the Edinburgh-Dundee-Aberdeen route and proved the ideal engines for its stiff gradients and sharp curvature. The A2s also worked to Perth, Glasgow, Carlisle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne and occasionally more southerly outposts. In 1963 Nos. 60525, 60530, and 60535 surprisingly crossed the LNER-LMSR divide and were allocated to a Glasgow depot, Polmadie. They replaced ex-LMS Coronation Class over the ex-Caledonian Railway route to Carlisle.
The final years of the A2s came in eastern Scotland with many notable performances over the Aberdeen road during the early 1960s. In 1961 on Stoke bank in Lincolnshire, the location of Mallard's 1938 world speed record, No. 60526 Sugar Palm achieved . Withdrawals began in the following year. Neither 60526 Sugar Palm or No. 60525 A. H. Peppercorn were saved for preservation.
==Withdrawal==
Withdrawal occurred between 1962 and 1966. The last three engines - 60528 Tudor Minstrel, 60530 Sayajirao and 60532 Blue Peter - were retired in June 1966.
Year	Quantity in
service at
start of year	Quantity
withdrawn	Locomotive numbers 	Notes
1962	15	8	60526/29/31/34/36–39	
1963	7 	2	60525/33 	
1964	5 	0	— 	
1965	5 	2	60527/35 	
1966	3 	3	60528/30/32 	No. 60532 preserved.
==Preservation==
One Peppercorn A2, 60532 Blue Peter, has survived.
==External links==
*The Peppercorn A2 Pacifics LNER encyclopedia
*The North Eastern Locomotive Preservation Group
Category:LNER Peppercorn A2 Class
Category:LNER locomotives
Category:Doncaster Works locomotives
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Category:Built in 1947
Category:Sole survivor
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