Leadership of the Free Socialist Republic of Germany

The government of the Free Socialist Republic of Germany, established in 1919, is divided into multiple different leadership positions.
Legally, there is no singular head of state or head of government, with both roles being fulfilled by a collective head of state known as the People's Council, which is a section of the Congress of People's Deputies. In practice, however, the Chairperson of the People's Council functions as head of state, while the Deputy Chairperson functions as head of government. The strongest position aside from the Chairperson and Deputy Chairperson is the President of the lower legislative body, the Congress of Workers' and Soldiers' Councils.
== Congress of People's Deputies ==
=== Chairpersons of the People's Council ===
The position of Chairperson was established with the 1921 constitution, which replaced the Council of People's Deputies with the Congress of People's Deputies. The position is re-elected every time a legislative election is held. Although the incumbent Chairperson can be re-elected to serve another term, thus far all incumbents have resigned in favor of a new candidate as per unwritten tradition.
Portrait 	Portrait 	Name(Birth–Death) 	Term of Office 	Term of Office 	Term of Office 	Political Party 	Election
Portrait 	Portrait 	Name(Birth–Death) 	Took Office 	Left Office 	Days 	Political Party 	Election
Chairperson of the Council of People's DeputiesVorsitzende des Rates der Volksbeauftragten	Chairperson of the Council of People's DeputiesVorsitzende des Rates der Volksbeauftragten	Chairperson of the Council of People's DeputiesVorsitzende des Rates der Volksbeauftragten	Chairperson of the Council of People's DeputiesVorsitzende des Rates der Volksbeauftragten	Chairperson of the Council of People's DeputiesVorsitzende des Rates der Volksbeauftragten	Chairperson of the Council of People's DeputiesVorsitzende des Rates der Volksbeauftragten	Chairperson of the Council of People's DeputiesVorsitzende des Rates der Volksbeauftragten	Chairperson of the Council of People's DeputiesVorsitzende des Rates der Volksbeauftragten
 	 	Rosa Luxemburg(born 1871) 	3 May 1919 	19 November 1921 	931 	Communist Party of Germany 	–
Chairperson of the People's CouncilVorsitzende des Volksrates 	Chairperson of the People's CouncilVorsitzende des Volksrates 	Chairperson of the People's CouncilVorsitzende des Volksrates 	Chairperson of the People's CouncilVorsitzende des Volksrates 	Chairperson of the People's CouncilVorsitzende des Volksrates 	Chairperson of the People's CouncilVorsitzende des Volksrates 	Chairperson of the People's CouncilVorsitzende des Volksrates 	Chairperson of the People's CouncilVorsitzende des Volksrates
 	 	Rosa Luxemburg(born 1871) 	19 November 1921 	22 November 1924 	1,099 	Communist Party of Germany 	1921
 	 	Paul Levi(born 1883) 	22 November 1924 	15 July 1926 	600 	Communist Party of Germany 	1924
 	 	Georg Ledebour(born 1850) 	15 July 1926 	26 November 1927 	499 	Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany 	1924
 	 	Wilhelm Pieck(born 1876) 	26 November 1927 	2 August 1928 	250 	Communist Party of Germany 	1927
 	 	Heinrich Brandler(born 1881) 	2 August 1928 	15 November 1930 	835 	Communist Party of Germany 	1927
 	 	Rosa Luxemburg(born 1871) 	15 November 1930 	Incumbent 	412 	Communist Party of Germany 	1930
=== Deputy Chairpersons of the People's Council ===
Portrait 	Portrait 	Name(Birth–Death) 	Term of Office 	Term of Office 	Term of Office 	Political Party 	Election
Portrait 	Portrait 	Name(Birth–Death) 	Took Office 	Left Office 	Days 	Political Party 	Election
Deputy Chairperson of the People's CouncilStellvertretende Vorsitzende des Volksrates	Deputy Chairperson of the People's CouncilStellvertretende Vorsitzende des Volksrates	Deputy Chairperson of the People's CouncilStellvertretende Vorsitzende des Volksrates	Deputy Chairperson of the People's CouncilStellvertretende Vorsitzende des Volksrates	Deputy Chairperson of the People's CouncilStellvertretende Vorsitzende des Volksrates	Deputy Chairperson of the People's CouncilStellvertretende Vorsitzende des Volksrates	Deputy Chairperson of the People's CouncilStellvertretende Vorsitzende des Volksrates	Deputy Chairperson of the People's CouncilStellvertretende Vorsitzende des Volksrates
 	 	Ernst Däumig(1868–1922) 	19 November 1921 	4 July 1922 	227 	Communist Party of Germany 	1921
 	 	Ernst Meyer(born 1887) 	4 July 1922 	22 November 1924 	872 	Communist Party of Germany 	1921
 	 	Hugo Eberlein(born 1887) 	22 November 1924 	26 November 1927 	1,099 	Communist Party of Germany 	1924
 	 	Leo Jogiches(born 1867) 	26 November 1927 	17 December 1928 	387 	Communist Party of Germany 	1927
 	 	August Thalheimer(born 1884) 	17 December 1928 	15 November 1930 	698 	Communist Party of Germany 	1927
 	 	Karl Liebknecht(born 1871) 	15 November 1930 	Incumbent 	412 	Communist Party of Germany 	1930
== Congress of Workers' and Soldiers' Councils ==
=== Presidents of the Congress of Workers' and Soldiers' Councils ===
Portrait 	Portrait 	Name(Birth–Death) 	Term of Office 	Term of Office 	Term of Office 	Political Party 	Election
Portrait 	Portrait 	Name(Birth–Death) 	Took Office 	Left Office 	Days 	Political Party 	Election
President of the Congress of Workers' and Soldiers' CouncilsPräsidenten des Kongresses der Arbeiter- und Soldatenräte	President of the Congress of Workers' and Soldiers' CouncilsPräsidenten des Kongresses der Arbeiter- und Soldatenräte	President of the Congress of Workers' and Soldiers' CouncilsPräsidenten des Kongresses der Arbeiter- und Soldatenräte	President of the Congress of Workers' and Soldiers' CouncilsPräsidenten des Kongresses der Arbeiter- und Soldatenräte	President of the Congress of Workers' and Soldiers' CouncilsPräsidenten des Kongresses der Arbeiter- und Soldatenräte	President of the Congress of Workers' and Soldiers' CouncilsPräsidenten des Kongresses der Arbeiter- und Soldatenräte	President of the Congress of Workers' and Soldiers' CouncilsPräsidenten des Kongresses der Arbeiter- und Soldatenräte	President of the Congress of Workers' and Soldiers' CouncilsPräsidenten des Kongresses der Arbeiter- und Soldatenräte
 	 	Arthur Crispien(born 1875) 	19 November 1921 	16 August 1922 	270 	Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany 	1921
 	 	Olga Körner(born 1887) 	16 August 1922 	22 November 1924 	829 	Communist Party of Germany 	1921
 	 	Bernhard Bästlein(born 1894) 	22 November 1924 	26 November 1927 	1,099 	Communist Party of Germany 	1924
 	 	Clara Zetkin(born 1857) 	26 November 1927 	Incumbent 	1,497 	Communist Party of Germany 	19271930
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	19271930
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