Ali of Hejaz

Ali bin Hussein, () GBE (1879–1935) was King of Hejaz and Grand Sharif of Mecca from October 1924 until December 1925. He was the eldest son of Sharif Hussein bin Ali, the first modern King of Hejaz, and a scion of the Hashemite family. With the passing of the kingship from his father he also became the heir to the title of Caliph, but he did not adopt the khalifal office and style.
==Early life==
The eldest son of Hussein, Ali bin Hussein was born in Mecca and was educated at Ghalata Serai College (Galatasaray Lisesi) in Constantinople. His father was appointed Grand Sharif of Mecca by the Ottoman Empire in 1908. However, his relationship with the Young Turks in control of the Empire increasingly became strained, and, in 1916, he became one of the leaders of the Arab Revolt against Turkish rule. Following the Revolt's success, Hussein made himself the first King of Hejaz with British support. While his brothers Abdullah and Faisal were made kings of Jordan and Iraq, respectively, Ali remained the heir to his father's lands in Arabia.
==Ruling Hejaz==
However, King Hussein soon found himself embroiled in fighting with the Saud, based in Riyadh. Following military defeats by the Saud, King Hussein abdicated all of his secular titles to Ali on October 3, 1924. (Hussein had previously awarded himself the religious title of Caliph in March of that year.) In December of the following year, Saudi forces finally overran Hejaz, which they eventually incorporated into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Ali and his family fled to Iraq.
Ali bin Hussein died in Baghdad, Iraq in 1935. He had four daughters and one son, 'Abd al-Ilah, who went on to become the Regent of the Kingdom of Iraq during the minority of King Faisal II.
==Marriage and Children==
In 1906 Ali married Nafissa Khanum daughter of H.H Emir Abdullah bin Muhammad Pasha Grand Sharif and Emir of Mecca at Yenikoy, Bosphorus. They had one son and four daughters:
*HRH Princess Khadija Abdiya - born 1907 died July 14, 1958
*HRH Princess Aliya - born 1911 died December 21, 1950, married HM Ghazi I King of Iraq becoming HM Queen Aliya of Iraq.
*HRH Crown Prince Abdullah - born November 14, 1913 died July 14, 1958, married three times first to Melek in 1936 divorced in 1940, then to Faiza in 1948 divorced 1950 and finally to Hiyam 1958.
*HRH Princess Badia - born June 1920, married H.H. Sharif Hussein bin Ali
*HRH Princess Jalila - born 1923 died December 28, 1955, married Sharif Dr. Ahmad Hazim 
==References==
== External links ==
*Information on King Ali's genealogy
*Description of the Royal House of Hejaz
*Family tree of the Hashemites
Hejaz, Ali bin Hussein of
Category:Arabs of the Ottoman Empire
Hejaz, Ali bin Hussein of
Hejaz, Ali bin Hussein of
Hejaz, Ali bin Hussein of
Hejaz, Ali bin Hussein of
Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire
Category:Sharifs of Mecca
Category:People from Jeddah
cs:Alí ibn Husajn
it:Ali ibn al-Husayn, re dell'Hijaz
no:Ali av Hijaz
tr:Ali bin Hüseyin (kral)