Keio 3000 series

The Keio 3000 series is a Japanese suburban commuter electric multiple unit operated by the Keio Corporation from December 1962 to December 2011 on the Inokashira Line.
==History==
The 3000 series sets were introduced as a new train for the Inokashira Line, replacing the old "green cars" on the Inokashira Line and increasing transportation capacity; these are notable as being Keio's first all stainless steel cars. The first sets entered service on 28 December 1962. Over their service lives the sets were given minor and major refurbishments.
In 1996 the 1000 series sets were introduced, intended to replace the 3000 series sets; replacement of the 3000 series sets started but stopped around 2004. Replacements resumed around 2008 after Keio announced a policy that all trains on the Keio network are required to use variable frequency drives; the 3000 series sets were also incompatible with automatic train control. As a result the last set, 3728, was retired in December 2011. A number of private railroads also received 3000 series sets after their retirement, usually with some modification; these were namely the Hokuriku Railroad, Gakunan Railway, Jomo Electric Railway, Matsumoto Electric Railway (now Alpico Kotsu) and the Iyo Railway.
Two cars are preserved; DeHa 3063 is located in Gunma and KuHa 3719 is located at Keio Rail Land. The sets are the recipient of the 1963 Laurel Prize.
==Design==
 Liveries
Livery 	Set number	Set number	Set number	Set number	Set number
Blue Green 	01 	08 	15 	22 	29
Ivory 	02 	09 	16 	23 	 
Salmon Pink	03 	10 	17 	24 	 
Light Green	04 	11 	18 	25 	 
Violet 	05 	12 	19 	26 	 
Beige 	06 	13 	20 	27 	 
Light Blue 	07 	14 	21 	28 	 
The 3000 series cars feature a slightly curved front with top-mounted horizontal headlights; the sets feature unpainted stainless steel bodies but feature pastel colors on their cabs. A stripe running down the side of the cars is painted in the same colors as the cabs. Each set features a different livery as shown in the table above; this color convention has largely carried over to the 1000 series sets.
==Specifications==
Construction of the cars is of stainless steel although the sets have cabs made of fiber-reinforced plastics. Sets 3701 to 3710 use resistor-controlled traction systems while all subsequent sets use chopper-controlled traction systems. As with many stainless steel railcars manufactured by Tokyu Car around this time these used technology built under license from The Budd Company.
When both 1000 and 3000 series sets operated on the Inokashira Line, the 3000 series sets were preferred for use in snowy and rainy climates due to their motored-trailer car ratio being superior than the 1000 series sets, whereas the latter sets would frequently wheel slip; this problem would be fixed with the 1000 series sets's refurbishments. Sets 3701 and 3702 feature narrower bodies than all other sets.
Category:Electric trainsets
Category:Keio trains
Category:Tokyu Car locomotives