Bahmen

Id definition os quo awiemos med un bahmen (ex oraryo bhH2mH1no-) est plural, ed ne tehrpt bihe confus con id philosophic probleme ios bahmen. Lakin, ex id difficultat os definihes "bahmen" (quod est un bahmen ?) ghehdmos construge id philosophic probleme ios bahmen (quod est id bahmen ?)
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==Quod est un bahmen ?==
Cada bahmen est definihn, nekam un code, med id possibilitat os combine entitats kay produce nov maynens. Is linguiste Martinet tolct yinjier de id double articulation ios bahmen. Morphologic unitats se combine do maynunitats (preter articulation), quaswo ghehde se combine inter se (dwoter articulation). Id fall ios conjugation iom verbs est un gohd illustration tos phenomen ios double articulation. Mathalan id swon {ba:} in Sambahsa; sekwent id jumla, id ton ed id contexte, ghehdmos prete "bah !" au id infinitive "bahe". Lakin, in cid fall, id double articulation est accessible tik ab un gnahsabahtor, yani semanghen quel baht tod bahmen. Id est ucen. Ed maghmos aye od un wassime part ios talimat uns bahmen consist kwehre ia gohd articulations. Id probleme est od, pro un ne-gnahsabahtor (quel kalsiemos sekwos nun un tulk), tod articulation est alnos constructu. El tulk biht preter confronten sehkwims om swons ex qua el ne woid quoters mayne semject, quoters ne maynent ni sekwent qualg articulation. Her waust id probleme ios definition os "bahmen" do id philosophic probleme ios bahmen. 
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==Quod est id-on bahmen ?==
Id situation os radical tarjem, exmohnt ab iom US American philosoph Quine (1908-2000), permitt dikes od neter un commun referencial ni structure samkwehkias (kam studyet ab comparative linguistique) mehghe sib forme un a priori dayi de quod est un bahmen edghi id-on bahmen. In tod situation, unis ne-gnahsabahtor samt ambitions es linguiste biht confrontet as gnahsabahtors qui bahnt un bahmen quod buit naiwo studyen. Tod bahtorkoim hat senigwiwt ed el radical tulk khiek bignohe tod bahsa. Smad kaue od ne leit de un alnos caraghiose ed improbable situation, wawod existeer ed dar existent (in sem gaivias os Sud America, esdi tod fall biht stets rarer) irks senigwivend ud id reste ios mund edghi bahnt uno gnahsabahmen.
In tod situation, el radical tulk hat ka saul possible orientation tik oiskipes un kamus, yani un dwocolunn daftar comprindend levi maynsequences transcript ex id oistudyen bahsa ed, dexi, id tarjem tom sequencen. Dwo problemes wardhe : quosmed hois repere ia maynsequences ed, ciois quosmed tarjmes ia ? Kay repere ia maynsequences, el radical tulk ghehdt se kihihes ep un phonologic proschgumt ed enderkwites it, ob iro recurrence, sem swonsequences. Kay tarjmes ia, el behandt tik oino methode : sprehge el gnahsabahtor. Sei el hat constatet od, quan un kes pridraht, i gnahsabahtors sayge gavagay, el maghsiet ep sien roig pfehrste el kesem saygend-ye gavagay ed confirme sien tarjemhypothese, sei el gnahsabahtor kwecto samstehmt. To maynt od el radical tulk dehlct pretevs kam i gnahsabahtors expreme ir samstehmen, quo el ghehdt kwehre med un serie om differencial tests, quer al est tun zaruri knigves ep ia logic dasturs om non-contradiction ed ios excluden tert.
Lakin, suppose el radical tulkis ghehdt skipes un kafi extens kamus ed confirme ye un dohbro degree sien tarjemhypotheses, etileikwt zowngschie od id dwoter articulation iom lexis ed id systeme os symbolic referencen ios mund inner ei studyen bahsa remane inscrutable. Kwe maynt gavagay "kesmems", "keskweit", "keskweitspart" ? Id force ios hypothese os Quine est od est fictice. Betrehvend-ye quodlibt bahsa, id betrehft yinjier id bahmen. Ex tod vidpoint, ne id notion bahsa biht enquestionen. Id probleme ne est od i gnahsabahtors bahnt sem bahsa, different ud tod al radical tulk. Id probleme est od, nespekent quantum el radical tulk woid de bahmen, etileikwt od el est confronten practice-ye ed theoric-ye, in un situation os radical tarjem, ei enigma os bahmen. Elghi dehlct volge kyid naturalitat siens bahmen ed ghabe od elso linguistic competence ne est id signe ios maestria os un theoria possible ad bfwendwane, sontern os els bayghen uns "gwitsforme" (Wittgenstein), auti uns preconception ios hol mund, intersubjective-ye smyohrt ab id linguistic communitat.