LMS Stanier Class 5

The LMS Stanier Class 5 is a type of 4-6-0 steam locomotive which was built between 1934 and 1951 with several variations. The locomotive is almost universally known as the Black Five, due to their black color scheme and their power class of 5MT.
18 are preserved, with only about 2 or 3 operating steam excursions.
==History==
They were a mixed traffic locomotive, a "do-anything go-anywhere" type, designed by William Stanier, who had previously been with the GWR. In his early LMS days, he designed his Stanier Mogul 2-6-0 in which he experimented with the GWR "School" Class of thought on locomotive design.
A number of details in this design he would never use again realising the superiority of details not used on the GWR. Stanier realised that there was a need for larger locomotives. These were to be the LMS's version of the GWR Halls but not a copy, as the Hall was too wide to run most places in Britain. They shared similar cylinder arrangement (two outside), internal boiler design and size and 6 foot driving wheel diameters.
In their early days, the locomotives were known as the "Black Staniers" from their black livery, in contrast to Stanier's other class of 4-6-0, the LMS Stanier Jubilee Class, which were painted crimson (and known until April 1935 as the "Red Staniers"). Later on, the nickname of the former became "Black Five", the number referring to the power classification. This was originally 5P5F, but from 1940 was shown on cabsides as the simple figure 5.
==Specifications==
The locomotives weighed in at 72.2 or 75 long tons. The driving wheels were 72 in (1.8 m) diameter and the carrying wheels were 39.5 in (1 m) diameter. The locomotives had 2 cylinders which were feed from a superheater. The boiler produced 225 psi of pressure, and the fire grate was 27.75 or 28.5 ft2 (2.57 or 2.65 m2). The locomotive made 25,455 lbf of tractive effort.
The tender could carry 4000 imperial gallons of water, and 9 long tons of coal.
== The Caprotti 5s ==
In 1948, British Railways built 20 Black 5s with British Caprotti Valve Gear as part of a program to improve the already good design.
== Preservation ==
Of the 842 engines to be built 18 examples survive with atleast 1 from each of the 5 builders batches: 7 LMS-built black 5's survive and 11 by outside contractors. Owing to their late withdrawals around the end of steam in 1968, twelve of the engines we're purchased directly from BR service for preservation (these being: 44767, 44806, 44871, 44932, 45000, 45025, 45110, 45212, 45231, 45305, 45407 & 45428), the remaining six engines we're rescued from Woodham Brother's Scrapyard at Barry Island (these being: 44901, 45163, 45293, 45337, 45379 & 45491). Of the eighteen engines to be preserved, fourteen have operated in preservation. The four engines which haven't yet steamed in preservation being 44901, 45163, 45293 & 45491.
Twelve members of the class have also operated on the mainline in preservation: 44767, 44871, 44932, 45000, 45025, 45110, 45212, 45231, 45305, 45337, 45407 & 45428.
As of July 2024, seven members of the class are operational with five having mainline certificates: 44871, 44932, 45212 & 45407 are fully certified to operate on the national network while 45428 is restricted to only run between Grosmont and Whitby with occasional trips from Whitby to Battersby. While presently not certified 44806 is planned to be mainline certified in 2024 but will also be restricted to only run between Grosmont and Whitby the occasional run to Battersby. 45025 is only permitted to operate on heritage railways with no plans to operate on the mainline. 
Eight members of the class: 44767, 45110, 45163, 45231, 45293, 45305, 45337 & 45491 are in the process of undergoing overhauls/restorations to working order with three being restored from Barry Scrapyard condition. Five engines: 44767, 45110, 45163, 45231 and 45305 are all intended to operate on the mainline following the completion of their respective overhauls/restoration. 45293, 45337 & 45491 are undergoing overhauls/restoration for heritage railway only use. 45163 was originally only going to be restored for heritage railway use but an agreement was made in July 2024 with Riley & Son Ltd which will now see 45163 operate on the mainline.
No. 44781 being the 3rd black five used on the Fifteen Guinea Special on Sunday 11th August 1968 was a candidate for preservation. 44781 was used in the film Virgin Soldiers but was left at an angle during filming. Saffron Walden businessman Gerald Pagano agreed to purchase the locomotive and coaches from Columbia Pictures for preservation – but was unable to raise the £5,000 quoted by BR to re-rail the engine and tow it to Carnforth, as a result the engine was scrapped. In 2019, parts were rediscovered in Bartlow and in the National Railway Museum's collection in York.
All surviving examples we're named in preservation but marked names indicate that the engine is presently not wearing them. Loco numbers in bold indicate their current number.
=== Preserved Engines ===
Image	Number (LMS)	Number (BR)	Name 	Built 	Withdrawn 	Builder 	Boiler Type 	Owner 	Livery 	Home Base 	Current status 	Mainline Certified 	Notes
 	4767 	44767 	*George Stephenson 	December 1947 	December 1967	Crewe Works 	Forward Topfeed	West Coast Railways 	BR Lined Black, TBC (on completion) 	Carnforth Motive Power Depot 	Under Overhaul 	No (to be certified) 	Only member of the class equipped with Stephenson valve gear.
 	4806 	44806 	 	July 1944 	August 1968 	Derby Works 	Domed 	Peter Best 	BR Lined Black, Late Crest 	North Yorkshire Moors Railway 	Operational 	No (to be certified) 	Formerly named Magpie and later Kenneth Aldcroft.
To be certified for mainline use on Grosmont to Whitby & Whitby to Battersby trains.
 	4871 	44871 	 	March 1945 	August 1968 	Crewe Works 	Domed 	Ian Riley 	BR Lined Black, Early Emblem 	East Lancashire Railway 	Operational 	Yes 	Formerly named Sovereign.
Hauled Fifteen Guinea Special in August 1968.
 	4901 	44901 	 	October 1945 	August 1965 	Crewe Works 	Domed 	Black 5 44901 Company 	N/A 	Vale of Berkeley Railway 	Stored 	No 	In ex-Barry Scrapyard condition.
 	4932 	44932 	 	September 1945	August 1968 	Horwich Works 	Domed 	West Coast Railways 	BR Lined Black, British Railways lettering	Carnforth Motive Power Depot 	Operational 	Yes (2022-ongoing) 	Only surviving Horwich Works built example.
 	5000 	45000 	 	March 1935 	October 1967 	Crewe Works 	Domeless 	National Collection 	LMS Lined Black 	Shildon Locomotion Museum 	Static Display 	No 	
 	5025 	45025 	 	August 1934 	August 1967 	Vulcan Foundry 	Domeless 	WEC Watkinson Trust 	LMS Lined Black 	Strathspey Railway 	Operational 	No 	Oldest surviving member of the class.
 	5110 	45110 	 	July 1935 	August 1968 	Vulcan Foundry 	Domeless 	West Coast Railways 	BR Lined Black, Late Crest (on completion)	Carnforth Motive Power Depot 	Under Overhaul 	No (to be certified) 	Purchased from Severn Valley Railway by West Coast Railways in August 2023.
Formerly named RAF Biggin Hill.
Hauled Fifteen Guinea Special in August 1968.
 	5163 	45163 	 	August 1935 	May 1965 	Armstrong Whitworth	Domed 	45163 Ltd 	BR Lined Black, TBC (on completion) 	Colne Valley Railway 	Under Restoration	No (to be certified) 	Under restoration from ex-Barry Scrapyard condition.
Will be under 25 year loan agreement with Riley & Son Ltd following completion of restoration, estimated return to traffic planned for 2027.
 	5212 	45212 	 	November 1935 	August 1968 	Armstrong Whitworth	Domed 	Keighley and Worth Valley Railway 	BR Lined Black, Late Crest 	Keighley and Worth Valley Railway	Operational 	Yes (2017 - ongoing) 	On long term loan agreement with Riley & Son Ltd.
 	5231 	45231 	The Sherwood Forester 	August 1936 	August 1968 	Armstrong Whitworth	Domed 	Locomotive Services Ltd 	BR Lined Black, Late Crest (on completion)	Crewe Diesel Depot 	Under Overhaul 	No (to be certified) 	
 	5293 	45293 	 	December 1937 	August 1965 	Armstrong Whitworth	Domed 	The British Enginemen Steam Preservation Society	BR Lined Black, TBC (on completion) 	Colne Valley Railway 	Under Restoration	No 	Under restoration from ex-Barry Scrapyard condition.
 	5305 	45305 	*Alderman A.E. Draper 	January 1937 	August 1968 	Armstrong Whitworth	Domed 	5305 Locomotive Association 	BR Lined Black, Late Crest (on completion)	Great Central Railway 	Under Overhaul 	No (to be certified) 	
 	5337 	45337 	 	April 1937 	February 1965	Armstrong Whitworth	Domed 	26B Railway Company 	LMS Lined Black (on completion) 	East Lancashire Railway 	Under Overhaul 	No 	
 	5379 	45379 	 	July 1937 	July 1965 	Armstrong Whitworth	Domed 	Mid Hants Railway 	BR Lined Black, Late Crest 	Mid Hants Railway 	Static Display 	No 	On static display in Margate
 	5407 	45407 	The Lancashire Fusilier	September 1937	August 1968 	Armstrong Whitworth	Domed 	Ian Riley 	BR Lined Black, Early Emblem 	East Lancashire Railway 	Operational 	Yes 	
 	5428 	45428 	Eric Treacy 	October 1937 	October 1967 	Armstrong Whitworth	Domed 	North York Moors Historical Railway Trust 	LMS Lined Black 	North Yorkshire Moors Railway 	Operational 	Yes (2018 - ongoing, Grosmont to Whitby & Whitby to Battersby only)	
 	5491 	45491 	 	December 1943 	July 1965 	Derby Works 	Forward Topfeed	Phil Wainwright 	BR Lined Black, TBC (on completion) 	Great Central Railway 	Under Restoration	No 	Under restoration from ex-Barry Scrapyard condition.
Only surviving example having a boiler with top feed on the front ring in conjunction with Walschaerts valve gear.
== In Fiction ==
Henry the Green Engine from Thomas & Friends is based on an LMS Stanier Class 5
== Gallery ==
* Gallery
== Videos ==
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