Turning Undead (PHB)

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One important, and potentially life-saving, combat ability available to priests and paladins is the ability to turn undead. This is a special power granted by the character's deity. Druids cannot turn undead; priests of specific mythoi may be able to at the DM's option.
Through the priest or paladin, the deity manifests a portion of its power, terrifying evil, undead creatures or blasting them right out of existence. However, since the power must be channeled through a mortal vessel, success is not always assured.
When encountering undead, a priest or paladin can attempt to turn the creatures (remember that the paladin turns undead as if he was two levels lower—a 5th-level paladin uses the level 3 column in Table 61). Only one attempt can be made per character per encounter, but several different characters can make attempts at the same time (with the results determined individually).
Attempting to turn counts as an action, requiring one round and occurring during the character's turn in the initiative order (thus, the undead may get to act before the character can turn them). The mere presence of the character is not enough—a touch of drama from the character is important. Speech and gestures are important, so the character must have his hands free and be in a position to speak. However, turning is not like spellcasting and is not interrupted if the character is attacked during the attempt.
To resolve a turning attempt, look on Table 61. Cross-index the Hit Dice or type of the undead with the level of the character (two levels lower for a paladin). If there is a number listed, roll 1d20. If the number rolled is equal to or greater than that listed, the attempt is successful. If the letter "T" (for "turned") appears, the attempt is automatically successful without a die roll. If the letter "D" (for "dispel") is given, the turning utterly destroys the undead. A dash (—) means that a priest or paladin of that level cannot turn that type of undead. A successful turn or dispel affects 2d6 undead. If the undead are a mixed group, the lowest Hit Dice creatures are turned first.
Only one die is rolled regardless of the number of undead the character is attempting to turn in a given round. The result is read individually for each type of undead.
:For example, Gorus, a 7th-level priest, and his party are attacked by two skeletons led by a wight and a spectre. The turning attempt is made, resulting in a roll of 12.
:Gorus's player reads the table for all three types of undead using the same roll—12—for all three. The skeletons are destroyed (as Gorus knew they would be). The wight is turned (a 4 or better was needed) and flees. The spectre, however, continues forward undaunted (since a 16 was needed to turn the spectre).
Turned undead bound by the orders of another (for example, skeletons) simply retreat and allow the character and those with him to pass or complete their actions.
Free-willed undead attempt to flee the area of the turning character, until out of his sight. If unable to escape, they circle at a distance, no closer than ten feet to the character, provided he continues to maintain his turning (no further die rolls are needed).
If the character forces the free-willed undead to come closer than ten feet (by pressing them into a corner, for example) the turning is broken and the undead attack normally.
==Evil Priests and Undead==
Evil priests are normally considered to be in league with undead creatures, or at least to share their aims and goals. Thus, they have no ability to turn undead. However, they can attempt to command these beings.
This is resolved in the same way as a turning attempt. Up to 12 undead can be commanded. A "T" result means the undead automatically obey the evil priest, while a "D" means the undead become completely subservient to the evil priest. They follow his commands (to the best of their ability and understanding) until turned, commanded, or destroyed by another.
Evil priests also have the ability to affect paladins, turning them as if they were undead. However, since the living spirit of a paladin is far more difficult to quell and subvert, paladins are vastly more difficult to turn.
An evil priest attempting to turn a paladin does so as if the priest were three levels lower than he actually is. Thus, a 7th-level evil priest would turn paladins on the 4th-level column. He would have only a slim chance of turning a 7th-level paladin (7 HD) and would not be able to turn one of 8th level at all (using the level of the paladin as the HD to be turned). All "D" results against paladins are treated as "T" results.
Type or Hit Diceof Undead	Level of Priest†	Level of Priest†	Level of Priest†	Level of Priest†	Level of Priest†	Level of Priest†	Level of Priest†	Level of Priest†	Level of Priest†	Level of Priest†	Level of Priest†	Level of Priest†
Type or Hit Diceof Undead	1 	2 	3 	4 	5 	6 	7 	8 	9 	10-11 	12-13 	14+
Skeleton or 1 HD 	10 	7 	4 	T 	T 	D 	D 	D* 	D* 	D* 	D* 	D*
Zombie 	13 	10 	7 	4 	T 	T 	D 	D 	D* 	D* 	D* 	D*
Ghoul or 2 HD 	16 	13 	10 	7 	4 	T 	T 	D 	D 	D* 	D* 	D*
Shadow or 3-4 HD 	19 	16 	13 	10 	7 	4 	T 	T 	D 	D 	D* 	D*
Wight or 5 HD 	20 	19 	16 	13 	10 	7 	4 	T 	T 	D 	D 	D*
Ghast 	— 	20 	19 	16 	13 	10 	7 	4 	T 	T 	D 	D
Wraith or 6 HD 	— 	— 	20 	19 	16 	13 	10 	7 	4 	T 	T 	D
Mummy or 7 HD 	— 	— 	— 	20 	19 	16 	13 	10 	7 	4 	T 	T
Spectre or 8 HD 	— 	— 	— 	— 	20 	19 	16 	13 	10 	7 	4 	T
Vampire or 9 HD 	— 	— 	— 	— 	— 	20 	19 	16 	13 	10 	7 	4
Ghost or 10 HD 	— 	— 	— 	— 	— 	— 	20 	19 	16 	13 	10 	7
Lich or 11+ HD 	— 	— 	— 	— 	— 	— 	— 	20 	19 	16 	13 	10
Special** 	— 	— 	— 	— 	— 	— 	— 	— 	20 	19 	16 	13
: * An additional 2d4 creatures of this type are turned.
: ** Special creatures include unique undead, free-willed undead of the Negative Material Plane, certain Greater and Lesser Powers, and those undead that dwell in the Outer Planes.
: † Paladins turn undead as priests who are two levels lower.