Genos

Etymologia: ex oraryo g^enH1es, samlik maynen. 
Definition: Genos, ne kam sexe, ne gwehmt ender biologia, sontern id conception os ner au ster kam id prehpt in id cultural xeimen. 
thumb|330x330px
Id enderkweiten inter sexe ed genos est minst-ye tem awo quem ia ethnologic analyses qua skaunt id diversitat iom praxis os quo is ethnolog Lévi-Strauss (1908-2009) kalt "id gwenen exchange", ia conjugias au id organisation os adpeurten. Mult erotologia tractats markent kathalika id baygh aw enderkweiten inter sexualitat ed reproduction, med alya werds, id irreductibilitat iom sexual praxis ad biologic au "natural" dasturs. 
thumb|330x330px
== Theorias os genos ed feminisme : ==
Ia theorias os genos sont bohndt ibs mutalbas, khaliban ex anglicisant lands, iom cultural studies qua aureihskwnt ia vocs iom waurs minoritats - kweter ethnic au social - in universitats ed ob to contestent idso disciplinar organisation. Bayna ia wehse ia gender studies, inspiret ab id franceois feministe me, ia gai ed lesbian movments (hatta queer au transgenos). 
Ta movments kneigve ep id saygen French theory - quod sammelt Foucault, Derrida, Althusser, Deleuze, roibh mentors ex dwoter dwidel ios XXt secule yed quoy com renquestione id dayi uns mehnend subject leudher de gnohe ed woide, exter ia collective bestehmens. Quanti analyse ia maghleiks we "deconstruge" ia schemas ios dominant philosophic men. 
Ne druve-ye exist sem unifiet theoria os genos bet qui keupe id hant un commun peind : id "patriarchal loy", kohnsen impones ad ieter sexe un weidos os "age ka wir" ed os "age ka gwen", os rolbehnde un sexe do un sexual predetermination quod swekwehriet "ner uperwaldh". Is franceoiso sociolog Bourdieu (1930-2002) hat also diken quosmed ia ner au ster identitats gwehme ender un "social construction". Ia US feministe philosoph J.Butler ne keunct ischbate od, chunke biologic materialitat bimaynt ab symbolic normes, anghen dehbht se disindentifie ud sien biologic sexe ed pro to deconstruge cada symbolic aurdhen. Id emancipationslogos gwehmt tun do id refuse, id bataleihskwen ios biologic dahmen.
thumb|330x330px
== I duschmans ios theoria os genos ==
D.-R. Dufour, in Le Divin Marché (2008), rencauset violent-ye tod logos. Is sigwrt is ne harmskwt it ia feministe au homosexual mutalbas : isghi ayt un sulrect id cheus om sexual orientation ed praxis, kam tod os se aye quoter anghen ne est - "age ka wir" quando anghen est gwen, we ka gwen, quando anghen est wir -, is recogneiht id historic plasticitat iom sexual rols, ed id legitimitat irs contestation. 
Yed is mambht ay US feministe ne comprehende id naudh, pro el mensceln, os se construge ab un symbolic systeme, kweid el siet conteste id poskwo, myehrse od lure se construct ab, med ed contra ia social determinismes. Anghen biht subject, expliet is, tik instituen ab alyo, fictice au imaginar, symbolic, subject (Div, iom Roy, id Popule, id Proletariat...). Cada culture est, sekwent iom, necessar-ye aschladisen ep un nature, khact ne se positione ab un physiologic dahmen samt quodlibt wirt. 
Kun, in id nam iom gender studies, biht sigwrt od esend leudher de id cheus os sien "genos", anghen est leudher de chuses sien sexe, sont confuden sexe ed sexualitat, sexe ed genos. D.-R. Dufour identifiet yinjier in id vol os normalise transsexualitat un avatar ios neoliberal "hol ego" pro-yod science esiet autorisabund cadanghen ab sib bastye un corpos ep meid : est id "syndrome os Bambi" (wa Michael Jackson) quod is analyset in Il était une fois le dernier homme (2012). 
thumb|330x330px
== Id care ==
Paradoxal-ye in id moveina iom gender studies antslehnct id care movment - tod werd maynend kaur in Englisch - ambh autors kam ians US feministens C.Gilligan au J.Tronto. 
Witerom ia abstract prabhils ios solidaritat (anadeht ibs wirs), id care mutalbet un concret moralitat ios (suppostios sterios) attention. Arguet od gwens esient moraler quem wirs ed propont od ir imkans os empathia daughent ka models pro "tongjon protocols" in ia sanitatskassebs ed trans ta. Id movment bileit tun do id politique. 
Her est recognible id naturaliste trend unios novios feminisme, hatta un nov wirt ijapt ad vulnerabilitat.
thumb|330x330px
== Genos ye id 21sto secule : se forwehse ia gensenrols ? ==
Exter ia okwivid-ye physic kweitus, kam different sont wirs ed gwens ? Tod aiwic question hat esen id topic uns extensive paursken ed hat piwt passionata debats unte pelu disciplines. Psychologs men nastudyent tod subjecto kay establie id rol os sexe in id etiologia iom mental siuges, ed kay contribue id general faham ios wehrgen ios ment. Alyi de perichehxent societal subjects, mathalan kay upertrehnes sexiste creds. Uno magno motivationo kay solve id question est sigwra fahamskwe quo vileit skeir in heterosexual relations. 
In popular media hant autors kyunggiawen senter subject, porgend-ye personal theorias qua explient ta relational problemes. Mathalan, Gray (1992) bayant od friction ubgwehmt inter ia sexes ob wirs men meile volge kyun solution, pnehse de accepte hehlp, ed sgwehme kay dehe dehe un fin irims problemes moni quando sont sub stress. Gwens de wehkwskwnt de ir emotions un mileus kleustrer, ed aynt dahe ed dake hehlp un wassila kay smyehre liubh. Tannen (1991) descript wirs ka spehrdlasni, independent ed sisweurghend de ir position eni un hierarchia, menxu stermenos est communal, egalitar, ed eiskwt cooperation ed intim connexion. In ia social sciences, tod supposition od wirs ed gwens khaliban enderkweite ud mutu med kam mehnent, kheissent, relatent ed agent, est gnoht ka id hypothese de gensendifferences. Id paursken quod exploret tod hypothese est niht prabhil-ye ab tri theorias (Hyde, 2014): theoria os evolution, cognitive social talimat theoria, ed sociocultural theoria. Id theoria os evolution pont od ia gensenrols sont ois ia adaptations due ners ed sters. Mathalan, chunke men aggressive ners meis eekamyabe gaines yehbhwaurmens, aggression buit selegen ka uno nero trait. Gwens de ee-excellent de kaure chunke ias eent naudht kay gehne nassel. Ob ithan ias eefocusent de swekwehre id surviven ios spece, ias khiek antplehce traits quommed proe-kwahient spehrde in nerwort taska. Id cognitive social talimat theoria sigwrt od menscensulouk biht dighen ab kardwnens ed kwoins. Kheissend sem implicit pressem de age it, magvi vi-sehkwnt rolen models, ed generation pos generation, ia gensenrols bihnt stets embaudhter in id psychologia im wirs ed gwens. Sekwent id sociocultural theoria (Eagly & Wood, 1999), gensenkweitus sont due id orbatsdivision. Wirs hant hassilen opnos ed status dank ir physic vantages. Gwens hant bihn supostahs ed se hant contentet med ia rols ies wirs hant iabs adnohmt. Witerom id evolutionar psychologia, id sociocultural theoria ischbat od gwens hant gwohmto do ses amtrices pos iabs buit daht id task os ale i purts. 
Sei futur studyes na-confirme od pauk druv differences existe inter ia sexes, ed od tage hant ir sul in cultural normes, sessiet zaruri ad wirs ed gwens comprehende mutu mer-ye ka menscens. Est interessant kwenchaue quo to maghiet mayne pro heterosexual relations. Menxu kwehkiet kemall aye gensenegalitat ka ducend do meger harmonia, kad to ne vibihiet exact. Horner (1997) sigwrt od stereotypes gehne cred systemes qua daughent ka demystifie menscenrelations. Sei to est druv, tun to maynt od wirs ed gwens sellgwehme stereotypes ob ia bringhe oku explications de quo causet faydh in relations. Pro cognitive economia, to esiet un efficienter functionmentsmodus. Lakin, stereotypes linkwnt neid antwehrd ad ma wirs ed gwenas naiwo druve-ye gnohnt mutu. 
In conclusion, buit maung strohngen ad ambhrisses ia enderkweitens inter wirs ed gwens. Ye un psychologic nivell, pauk differences prehpe. Futur studyes etisocsient sigwra ta enderkweitens, shayadst folossiend-ye sem stets sophisticater paradigmes qua include ia variables om culture ed gensenrols. Agar nov gnohsa de tod topic ubgwehmiet, esient sammel-ye nov possibilitats pro ia relations inter wirs ed gwens.