List of amphibians of North America

This is a checklist of American amphibians found north of Mexico, based mainly on publications by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. The information about range and status of almost all of these species can be found also for example in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species site.* alien species
Summary of 2006 IUCN Red List categories.
Conservation status – IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:
: – extinct, – extinct in the wild
: – critically endangered, – endangered, – vulnerable
: – near threatened, – least concern
: – data deficient, – not evaluated
:(v. 2013.2, the data are current as of March 5, 2014)
and Endangered Species Act:
: – endangered, – threatened
:, – experimental nonessential or essential population
:, – endangered or threatened due to similarity of appearance
:(the data are current as of March 28, 2014)
==Order: Urodela==
===Suborder: Cryptobranchoidea===
====Family: Cryptobranchidae====
:::Hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis (Ozark hellbender C. a. bishopi: )
===Suborder: Salamandroidea===
====Family: Salamandridae====
=====Subfamily: Pleurodelinae=====
:::Eastern newts
:::Black-spotted newt Notophthalmus meridionalis 
:::Striped newt Notophthalmus perstriatus 
:::Eastern newt Notophthalmus viridescens 
:::Pacific newts
:::Rough-skinned newt Taricha granulosa 
:::Red-bellied newt Taricha rivularis 
:::Sierra newt Taricha sierrae 
:::California newt Taricha torosa 
====Family: Plethodontidae====
=====Subfamily: Plethodontinae=====
:::Web-toed salamanders
:::Limestone salamander Hydromantes brunus 
:::Mount Lyell salamander Hydromantes platycephalus 
:::Samwel Shasta salamander Hydromantes samweli
:::Shasta salamander Hydromantes shastae 
:::Wintu Shasta salamander Hydromantes wintu
:::Climbing salamanders
:::Green salamander Aneides aeneus 
:::Hickory Nut Gorge green salamander Aneides caryaensis
:::Clouded salamander Aneides ferreus 
:::Species split from the black salamander (Aneides flavipunctatus) :
::::Speckled black salamander Aneides flavipunctatus
::::Santa Cruz black salamander Aneides (flavipunctatus) niger
::::Shasta salamander Aneides iecanus
:::Sacramento Mountains salamander Aneides hardii 
:::Klamath black salamander Aneides klamathensis
:::Arboreal salamander Aneides lugubris 
:::Wandering salamander Aneides vagrans 
:::Dusky salamanders
:::Cumberland dusky salamander Desmognathus abditus 
:::Seepage salamander Desmognathus aeneus 
:::Apalachicola dusky salamander Desmognathus apalachicolae 
:::Holbrook’s southern dusky salamander Desmognathus auriculatus and:
::::Valentine’s Southern Dusky Salamander Desmognathus valentinei (formerly in D. auriculatus)
:::Ouachita dusky salamander Desmognathus brimleyorum 
:::Carolina Mountain dusky salamander Desmognathus carolinensis 
:::Species split from the northern dusky salamander (Desmognathus fuscus) :
::::Northern dusky salamander Desmognathus fuscus
::::Spotted dusky salamander Desmognathus conanti
::::Flat-headed salamander Desmognathus planiceps
:::Dwarf black-bellied salamander Desmognathus folkertsi 
:::Imitator salamander Desmognathus imitator 
:::Species split from the shovel-nosed salamander (Desmognathus marmoratus) :
::::Shovel-nosed salamander Desmognathus marmoratus
::::Golden shovel-nosed salamander Desmognathus aureatus
::::Black shovel-nosed salamander Desmognathus melanius
:::Seal salamander Desmognathus monticola 
:::Mountain dusky salamander Desmognathus ochrophaeus 
:::Ocoee salamander Desmognathus ocoee 
:::Blue Ridge dusky salamander Desmognathus orestes 
:::Northern pygmy salamander Desmognathus organi
:::Black-bellied salamander Desmognathus quadramaculatus 
:::Santeetlah dusky salamander Desmognathus santeetlah 
:::Black mountain salamander Desmognathus welteri 
:::Pygmy salamander Desmognathus wrighti 
:::Ensatina
:::Ensatina Ensatina eschscholtzii 
:::Red Hills salamander
:::Red Hills salamander Phaeognathus hubrichti 
:::Woodland salamanders
:::Ainsworth's salamander or Bay Springs salamander †Plethodon ainsworthi 
:::Western slimy salamander Plethodon albagula 
:::Blue Ridge gray-cheeked salamander Plethodon amplus 
:::Ozark zigzag salamander Plethodon angusticlavius 
:::Scott Bar salamander Plethodon asupak 
:::Tellico salamander Plethodon aureolus 
:::Caddo Mountain salamander Plethodon caddoensis 
:::Chattahoochee slimy salamander Plethodon chattahoochee
:::Cheoah Bald salamander Plethodon cheoah 
:::Atlantic Coast slimy salamander Plethodon chlorobryonis
:::Red-backed salamander or eastern red-backed salamander Plethodon cinereus 
:::White-spotted slimy salamander Plethodon cylindraceus 
:::Northern zigzag salamander Plethodon dorsalis 
:::Dunn’s salamander Plethodon dunni 
:::Northern ravine salamander Plethodon electromorphus 
:::Del Norte salamander Plethodon elongatus 
:::Fourche Mountain salamander Plethodon fourchensis 
:::Northern slimy salamander Plethodon glutinosus 
:::Southeastern slimy salamander Plethodon grobmani
:::Valley and ridge salamander Plethodon hoffmani 
:::Peaks of Otter salamander Plethodon hubrichti 
:::Coeur d’Alene salamander Plethodon idahoensis 
:::Red-cheeked salamander Plethodon jordani 
:::Cumberland Plateau salamander Plethodon kentucki 
:::Kiamichi slimy salamander Plethodon kiamichi 
:::Louisiana slimy salamander Plethodon kisatchie 
:::Larch Mountain salamander Plethodon larselli 
:::South Mountain graycheeked salamander Plethodon meridianus 
:::Southern gray-cheeked salamander Plethodon metcalfi 
:::Mississippi slimy salamander Plethodon mississippi
:::Northern gray-cheeked salamander Plethodon montanus 
:::Jemez Mountains salamander Plethodon neomexicanus 
:::Cheat Mountain salamander Plethodon nettingi 
:::Ocmulgee slimy salamander Plethodon ocmulgee
:::Rich Mountain salamander Plethodon ouachitae 
:::Pigeon Mountain salamander Plethodon petraeus 
:::White-spotted salamander Plethodon punctatus 
:::Ravine salamander or southern ravine salamander Plethodon richmondi 
:::Savannah slimy salamander Plethodon savannah
:::Sequoyah slimy salamander Plethodon sequoyah 
:::Southern red-backed salamander Plethodon serratus 
:::Shenandoah salamander Plethodon shenandoah 
:::Big Levels salamander Plethodon sherando 
:::Red-legged salamander Plethodon shermani 
:::Siskiyou Mountains salamander Plethodon stormi 
:::Southern Appalachian salamander Plethodon teyahalee 
:::Van Dyke’s salamander Plethodon vandykei 
:::South Carolina slimy salamander Plethodon variolatus
:::Western redback salamander Plethodon vehiculum 
:::Southern zigzag salamander Plethodon ventralis 
:::Shenandoah Mountain salamander Plethodon virginia 
:::Webster’s salamander Plethodon websteri 
:::Species split from the Wehrle’s salamander (Plethodon wehrlei) :
::::Wehrle’s salamander Plethodon wehrlei
::::Dixie Caverns salamander Plethodon dixi
::::Blacksburg salamander Plethodon jacksoni
::::Yellow-spotted woodland salamander Plethodon pauleyi
:::Weller’s salamander Plethodon welleri 
:::Yonahlossee salamander Plethodon yonahlossee 
:::Patch-nosed salamander Urspelerpes brucei
=====Subfamily: Spelerpinae=====
:::Brook salamanders
:::Brown-backed salamander Eurycea aquatica
:::Northern two-lined salamander Eurycea bislineata 
:::Chamberlain’s dwarf salamander Eurycea chamberlaini 
:::Salado Springs salamander Eurycea chisholmensis 
:::Southern two-lined salamander Eurycea cirrigera 
:::Three-lined salamander Eurycea guttolineata 
:::Junaluska salamander Eurycea junaluska 
:::Cascade Caverns salamander Eurycea latitans 
:::Long-tailed salamander Eurycea longicauda 
:::Cave salamander Eurycea lucifuga 
:::Many-ribbed salamander Eurycea multiplicata 
:::Ouachita streambed salamander Eurycea subfluvicola
:::San Marcos salamander Eurycea nana 
:::Georgetown salamander Eurycea naufragia 
:::Texas salamander Eurycea neotenes 
:::Blanco River springs salamander Eurycea pterophila 
:::Southeastern dwarf salamander Eurycea quadridigitata 
:::Hillis’s Dwarf Salamander Eurycea hillisi
:::Western Dwarf Salamander Eurycea paludicola
:::Bog Dwarf Salamander Eurycea sphagnicola
:::Barton Springs salamander Eurycea sosorum 
:::Jollyville Plateau salamander Eurycea tonkawae 
:::Comal blind salamander Eurycea tridentifera 
:::Valdina Farms salamander Eurycea troglodytes 
:::Oklahoma salamander Eurycea tynerensis 
:::Austin blind salamander Eurycea waterlooensis 
:::Blue Ridge two-lined salamander Eurycea wilderae 
:::Texas blind salamander Eurycea rathbuni 
:::Blanco blind salamander Eurycea robusta 
:::Species split from the grotto salamander Eurycea spelaea :
::::Grotto salamander Eurycea spelaea
::::Eurycea braggi
::::Spring Blind Salamander Eurycea nerea
:::Georgia blind salamander Eurycea wallacei 
:::Spring salamanders
:::Berry Cave salamander Gyrinophilus gulolineatus 
:::Tennessee cave salamander Gyrinophilus palleucus 
:::Spring salamander Gyrinophilus porphyriticus 
:::West Virginia spring salamander Gyrinophilus subterraneus 
:::Red and mud salamanders
:::Mud salamander Pseudotriton montanus and:
::::Midland mud salamander Pseudotriton (montanus) diastictus (split from the mud salamander P. montanus)
:::Red salamander Pseudotriton ruber 
:::Many-lined salamander
:::Many-lined salamander Stereochilus marginatus 
=====Subfamily: Bolitoglossinae=====
:::Slender salamanders
:::Greenhorn Mountains slender salamander Batrachoseps altasierrae
:::California slender salamander Batrachoseps attenuatus 
:::Fairview slender salamander Batrachoseps bramei
:::Inyo Mountains salamander Batrachoseps campi 
:::Hell Hollow slender salamander Batrachoseps diabolicus 
:::San Gabriel slender salamander Batrachoseps gabrieli 
:::Gabilan Mountains slender salamander Batrachoseps gavilanensis 
:::Gregarious slender salamander Batrachoseps gregarius 
:::San Simeon slender salamander Batrachoseps incognitus 
:::Sequoia slender salamander Batrachoseps kawia 
:::Santa Lucia Mountains slender salamander Batrachoseps luciae 
:::Southern California slender salamander Batrachoseps major (desert slender salamander B. m. aridus: )
:::Lesser slender salamander Batrachoseps minor 
:::Black-bellied slender salamander Batrachoseps nigriventris 
:::Channel Islands slender salamander Batrachoseps pacificus 
:::Kings River slender salamander Batrachoseps regius 
:::Relictual slender salamander Batrachoseps relictus 
:::Kern Plateau salamander Batrachoseps robustus 
:::Kern Canyon slender salamander Batrachoseps simatus 
:::Tehachapi slender salamander Batrachoseps stebbinsi 
:::Oregon slender salamander Batrachoseps wrighti 
=====Subfamily: Hemidactyliinae=====
:::Fourtoed salamander Hemidactylium scutatum 
====Family: Proteidae====
:::Dwarf waterdog Necturus punctatus 
:::Alabama waterdog Necturus alabamensis and:
::::Mobile waterdog Necturus lodingi (sometimes recognized, split from N. alabamensis)
:::Gulf Coast waterdog Necturus beyeri 
:::Neuse River waterdog Necturus lewisi 
:::Common mudpuppy Necturus maculosus and:
::::Red River mudpuppy Necturus (maculosus) louisianensis (split from the N. maculosus)
:::Apalachicola waterdog Necturus moleri
:::Escambia waterdog Necturus mounti
====Family: Ambystomatidae====
:::Ringed salamander Ambystoma annulatum 
:::Streamside salamander Ambystoma barbouri 
:::Frosted flatwoods salamander Ambystoma cingulatum and:
::::Reticulated flatwoods salamander Ambystoma bishopi (formerly in A. cingulatum)
:::California tiger salamander Ambystoma californiense (Santa Barbara and Sonoma Counties , central California )
:::Northwestern salamander Ambystoma gracile 
:::Jefferson salamander Ambystoma jeffersonianum 
:::Blue-spotted salamander Ambystoma laterale 
:::Mabee’s salamander Ambystoma mabeei 
:::Long-toed salamander Ambystoma macrodactylum (Santa Cruz long-toed salamander A. m. croceum: )
:::Spotted salamander Ambystoma maculatum 
:::Western tiger salamander Ambystoma mavortium (Sonoran tiger salamander A. m. stebbinsi: )
:::Marbled salamander Ambystoma opacum 
:::Mole salamander Ambystoma talpoideum 
:::Small-mouthed salamander Ambystoma texanum 
:::Eastern tiger salamander Ambystoma tigrinum 
====Family: Amphiumidae====
:::Two-toed amphiuma Amphiuma means 
:::One-toed amphiuma Amphiuma pholeter 
:::Three-toed amphiuma Amphiuma tridactylum 
====Family: Dicamptodontidae====
:::Idaho giant salamander Dicamptodon aterrimus 
:::Cope’s giant salamander Dicamptodon copei 
:::California giant salamander Dicamptodon ensatus 
:::Coastal giant salamander Dicamptodon tenebrosus 
====Family: Rhyacotritonidae====
:::Cascade torrent salamander Rhyacotriton cascadae 
:::Columbia torrent salamander Rhyacotriton kezeri 
:::Olympic torrent salamander Rhyacotriton olympicus 
:::Southern torrent salamander Rhyacotriton variegatus 
===Suborder: Sirenoidea===
====Family: Sirenidae====
:::Dwarf sirens
:::Southern dwarf siren Pseudobranchus axanthus 
:::Northern dwarf siren Pseudobranchus striatus 
:::Sirens
:::Lesser siren Siren intermedia 
:::Greater siren Siren lacertina 
:::Reticulated siren Siren reticulata
==Order: Anura==
===Suborder: Archaeobatrachia===
====Family: Ascaphidae====
:::Rocky Mountain tailed frog Ascaphus montanus 
:::Coastal tailed frog Ascaphus truei 
===Suborder: Mesobatrachia===
====Family: Pipidae====
:::African clawed frog Xenopus laevis * 
====Family: Rhinophrynidae====
:::Burrowing toad Rhinophrynus dorsalis 
====Family: Scaphiopodidae====
:::North American spadefoot toads
:::Couch’s spadefoot Scaphiopus couchii 
:::Eastern spadefoot Scaphiopus holbrookii 
:::Hurter’s spadefoot Scaphiopus hurterii 
:::Western spadefoot toads
:::Plains spadefoot Spea bombifrons 
:::Western spadefoot Spea hammondii 
:::Great Basin spadefoot Spea intermontana 
:::Mexican spadefoot Spea multiplicata 
===Suborder: Neobatrachia===
====Family: Bufonidae====
:::American toad Anaxyrus americanus 
:::Wyoming toad Anaxyrus baxteri 
:::Western toad Anaxyrus boreas and:
::::Amargosa toad Anaxyrus nelsoni (formerly in A. boreas)
:::Arroyo toad Anaxyrus californicus 
:::Yosemite toad Anaxyrus canorus 
:::Great Plains toad Anaxyrus cognatus 
:::Chihuahuan green toad Anaxyrus debilis 
:::Black toad Anaxyrus exsul 
:::Fowler’s toad Anaxyrus fowleri 
:::Canadian toad Anaxyrus hemiophrys 
:::Houston toad Anaxyrus houstonensis 
:::Arizona toad Anaxyrus microscaphus 
:::Hot Creek toad Anaxyrus monfontanus
:::Railroad Valley toad Anaxyrus nevadensis
:::Red-spotted toad Anaxyrus punctatus 
:::Oak toad Anaxyrus quercicus 
:::Sonoran green toad Anaxyrus retiformis 
:::Texas toad Anaxyrus speciosus 
:::Southern toad Anaxyrus terrestris 
:::Woodhouse’s toad Anaxyrus woodhousii 
:::Dixie Valley toad Anaxyrus williamsi
:::Colorado River toad Incilius alvarius 
:::Coastal plains toad Incilius nebulifer (formerly in Incilius valliceps)
:::South American cane toad Rhinella marina 
::::Mesoamerican Cane toad Rhinella horribilis (formerly in R. marina)
====Family: Hylidae====
=====Subfamily: Hylinae=====
:::Tree frogs
:::Pine Barrens tree frog Hyla andersonii (Dryophytes andersonii) 
:::Canyon tree frog Hyla arenicolor (Dryophytes arenicolor) 
:::Bird-voiced tree frog Hyla avivoca (Dryophytes avivoca) 
:::Cope’s gray treefrog Hyla chrysoscelis (Dryophytes chrysoscelis) 
:::American green tree frog Hyla cinerea (Dryophytes cinereus) 
:::Pine woods treefrog Hyla femoralis (Dryophytes femoralis) 
:::Barking tree frog Hyla gratiosa (Dryophytes gratiosus) 
:::Squirrel tree frog Hyla squirella (Dryophytes squirellus) 
:::Gray tree frog Hyla versicolor (Dryophytes versicolor) 
:::Arizona tree frog Hyla wrightorum (Dryophytes wrightorum) (formerly in Hyla eximia)
:::Chorus frogs
:::Mountain chorus frog Pseudacris brachyphona 
:::Brimley’s chorus frog Pseudacris brimleyi 
:::California tree frog Pseudacris cadaverina (formerly Hyla cadaverina)
:::Spotted chorus frog Pseudacris clarkii 
:::Spring peeper Pseudacris crucifer 
:::Species split from the western chorus frog (Pseudacris triseriata):
::::Western chorus frog Pseudacris triseriata 
::::Upland chorus frog Pseudacris feriarum and:
:::::Cajun chorus frog Pseudacris fouquettei (formerly in P. feriarum)
::::New Jersey chorus frog Pseudacris kalmi 
:::Species split from the Pacific tree frog Pseudacris regilla :
::::Pacific tree frog Pseudacris regilla
::::Baja California tree frog Pseudacris hypochondriaca
::::Sierran tree frog Pseudacris sierra
:::Illinois chorus frog Pseudacris illinoensis or Pseudacris streckeri illinoensis
:::Boreal chorus frog Pseudacris maculata 
:::Southern chorus frog Pseudacris nigrita 
:::Little grass frog Pseudacris ocularis 
:::Ornate chorus frog Pseudacris ornata 
:::Strecker’s chorus frog Pseudacris streckeri 
:::Cricket frogs
:::Cricket frog Acris crepitans and:
::::Blanchard’s cricket frog Acris (crepitans) blanchardi (split from A. crepitans)
:::Southern cricket frog Acris gryllus 
:::Other tree frogs
:::Cuban tree frog Osteopilus septentrionalis * 
:::Mexican tree frog Smilisca baudinii 
:::Lowland burrowing tree frog Smilisca fodiens 
====Family: Pelodryadidae====
:::(Australian treefrogs)
:::Australian Green Tree Frog Ranoidea caerulea * 
====Family: Ranidae====
:::Typical frogs
:::Northern red-legged frog Rana aurora and:
::::California red-legged frog Rana draytonii (formerly in R. aurora)
:::Foothill yellow-legged frog Rana boylii 
:::Cascades frog Rana cascadae 
:::Columbia spotted frog Rana luteiventris 
:::Southern mountain yellow-legged frog Rana muscosa and:
::::Sierra Nevada yellow-legged frog Rana sierrae (formerly in Rana muscosa)
:::Oregon spotted frog Rana pretiosa 
:::Water frogs
:::American bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus 
:::Gopher frog Lithobates capito 
:::Crawfish frog Lithobates areolatus 
:::Mississippi gopher frog or dusky gopher frog Lithobates sevosus 
:::Rio Grande leopard frog Lithobates berlandieri 
:::Plains leopard frog Lithobates blairi 
:::Chiricahua leopard frog Lithobates chiricahuensis and:
::::Ramsey Canyon leopard frog Lithobates subaquavocalis , (split from L. chiricahuensis)
:::Green frog Lithobates clamitans or Rana clamitans 
:::Vegas Valley leopard frog †Lithobates fisheri 
:::Pig frog Lithobates grylio 
:::River frog Lithobates heckscheri 
:::Florida bog frog Lithobates okaloosae or Rana okaloosae 
:::Relict leopard frog Lithobates onca or Rana onca 
:::Pickerel frog Lithobates palustris 
:::Northern leopard frog Lithobates pipiens or Rana pipiens and:
::::Mid-Atlantic coast leopard frog Lithobates kauffeldi (split from the L. pipiens)
:::Mink frog Lithobates septentrionalis 
:::Southern leopard frog Lithobates sphenocephalus 
:::Wood frog Lithobates sylvaticus 
:::Tarahumara frog Lithobates tarahumarae or Rana tarahumarae 
:::Carpenter frog Lithobates virgatipes 
:::Lowland leopard frog Lithobates yavapaiensis 
:::Japanese wrinkled frog Glandirana rugosa * (Hawaii only)
====Family: Craugastoridae====
:::Barking frog Craugastor augusti 
====Family: Eleutherodactylidae====
=====Subfamily: Eleutherodactylinae=====
:::Coquí Eleutherodactylus coqui * (Puerto Rico only)
:::Rio Grande chirping frog Eleutherodactylus cystignathoides , only:
::::Rio Grande chirping frog Eleutherodactylus (cystignathoides) campi
:::Spotted chirping frog Eleutherodactylus guttilatus 
:::Cliff chirping frog Eleutherodactylus marnockii 
:::Greenhouse frog Eleutherodactylus planirostris * 
====Family: Leptodactylidae====
=====Subfamily: Leptodactylinae=====
:::Mexican white-lipped frog Leptodactylus fragilis 
====Family: Microhylidae====
=====Subfamily: Gastrophryninae=====
:::Sheep frog Hypopachus variolosus 
=====Subfamily: Microhylinae=====
:::North American narrow-mouthed frogs
:::Eastern narrow-mouthed toad Gastrophryne carolinensis 
:::Western narrow-mouthed toad Gastrophryne olivacea and:
::::Sinaloan narrow-mouthed toad Gastrophryne mazatlanensis (split from G. olivacea)
====Family: Dendrobatidae====
=====Subfamily: Dendrobatinae=====
:::Green-and-black poison dart frog Dendrobates auratus * (Hawaii only)
==See also==
* List of threatened reptiles and amphibians of the United States
* List of birds of North America
* List of mammals of North America
* List of North American reptiles
* List of U.S. state mammals
* List of U.S. state birds
* U.S. state reptiles
* List of U.S. state amphibians
* Lists of reptiles by region
* Lists of amphibians by region
==Notes==
==References==
==Further reading==
* 
* 
* 
==External links==
*8th Edition of Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico published by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR), available on the website of the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists
*
* 
* AmphibiaWeb Database. University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
* Checklist of Amphibian Species and an Online Identification Guide for the Identification of Amphibians in North America north of Mexico
* Scientific and Common Names of the Reptiles and Amphibians of North America – Explained
* The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
* Endangered Species Program – US Fish & Wildlife Service
* Species Search – US Fish & Wildlife Service
* Endangered Species Act – National Marine Fisheries Service – NOAA
 
 
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North America
Amphibians