Real Physics

* See also Undersea_Windows Critical Issue in Rapture
* See also Real_World
* See also True_Infinites
* See also Diving_Suits
* See also M-World_Hypothesis
* See also Historic_Tech_Timeline
* See also Quantum_Hokem << Infinite BS writer Gorp
* See also How_Things_Work
* See also How_To_Do_Quantumz ( issues/problems involved )
* See also Science
The Need to Avoid "Phantasy Physics"/"Faux_Science"Fantasy F*cked Science To Preserve Some Story Relevancy
(( We don't need shoddy/lazy Fake Science to disturb the Storytelling ))
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Add section explaining structural Compression and Tension forces ( important to building structures at 600 foot depth )
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A Complete Misunderstanding - Real Quantum Mechanics Effects ONLY Work on the EXTREME MICRO Scale, NOT MACRO.
Applying REAL Quantum Mechanics also requires cryogenic temperatures to be in effect - usually being within a few degrees ( or even fraction of ONE DEGREE ) of absolute zero ( -459.67 F/ -273.15 C ). Maybe if Columbia was on Pluto ???
SEE Quantum_Hokem for a thorough coverage of this issue.
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I Laughed, and Shake My Head At ... :
I find it hilarious that the Irrational/2K/Developers claim that they consulted with an actual 'Quantum Physics expert' while making Infinite BS. Unfortunately, it seems all they acquired from that alleged expense ( You need only go to your local library to find a book on the subject Some developer interview claims the game designers brought in an 'expert' to explain to them Quantumz stuff - apparently all they did was grab some Buzzwords, and then do anything they wanted to apply the concepts/'what it sounded like'. ) was a bunch of Buzzwords to bandy about http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/bandy+about in the game and interviews, and to hear about some concepts they (VERY) loosely made use of. They THEN wrapped-in and connected their fantasy 'quantumz' stuff to a whole flotilla of other game concepts ( for some attempted explanations of those 'Neat' Scenes, and various Story ideas which they had thought up ). It all had little to do with the Science and application of real Quantum Physics ( except to pretend, and to Bullshit the Players ).
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Real Quantum IS The Opposite of CONSTANTS :
Quantum Physics is real. It deals with things/distances so Small ( on the nano-nano scale ) where even Atoms seem solar-system-sized. Quantum Physics fundamentally deals with the nature of INDETERMINACY of quantum objects, which 'come and go' in the Universe all the time.
PEOPLE are NOT quantum objects. The gamemakers pretended they were, but it is all feeble Fantasy. 'The ways of the world' of People and History and Society are a dozen magnitudes more complex than any mere particle interactions ( people/societies are very complex things ). The game stories/plots ( their 'game world' settings ) are all about PEOPLE, and for PEOPLE there are NO ( forced/fundamental/intrinsic ) CONSTANTS. (( This is a really bad Total Misapplication of the Science concept buzzwords -- done by those Infinite BS game writers - That IS all it is. They simply made it up as they went along. ))
Sure, there are real quantum particle things that have an unchanging UNIT attributes like Charge and Spin. SPIN in fixed quantum increments of '1/2s' or '1s' in some quantum objects is seen -- BUT the Spin direction tilts in a continuum which is NOT CONSTANT - effectively with infinite variations ( Enough for some of the eggheads to state that : NO TWO Quantum particles are completely alike ). 
So even for 'quantum objects', there is no 'Constancy' possible between them -- It is the fundamental definition/existence of REAL Quantum Objects.
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The M-World Hypothesis - NO CONSTANTS
The game writers claim this game is based on this hypothesis's idea. 
This actual hypothesis to attempt to resolve/explain the Wave vs Particle issue of the behavior of Light - a Scientific Paradox. In one case it acts like particle - photons, in another type of observation light has the characteristic as a continuous waveform. The photons are quantum particles with uncertain state.
According to this M-World Hypothesis whenever a quantum object is observed/interacts it stops being a quantum object and becomes one of its potential states. The hypothesis claims this object transition causes a new universe to come into existence along with infinite other universes representing every other potential state AND the observer is in only one of them. When the transition happens you DON'T KNOW which state it will resolve into - The best you can KNOW is a probability - NO CERTAINTY, NO CONSTANT.
So from this story angle, AGAIN it is rather hard to claim that there is a 'Constant' within even the smallest part of this universes system OR to claim for any world ??? 
(( Consider that the Luteces are mentally whacked anyway, so why should we take their pronouncements as Gospel ? Consider the game writers are out to make 'a buck', and will mis-use 'sciencey' buzzwords freely and ignore/avoid Science Reality that is contrary to their simple fantasy story. ))
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Lets Have A MMORPG With More General Physics Effects :
* Things hanging from ceiling swinging when struck, can fall, etc ...
* Impact damage on Objects ( beyond the 'scratches' using decals/animations ) spewing liquid/steam, chips flying ...
* Fluid effects - more splashes ?? ( alot of these effects are visual mainly, and could be mostly done on client )
* Multiple collisions ( more than 2 objects involved )
* Even more 'Ragdoll' (body physics) effects we saw in BS1/BS2
* Objects being knocked-apart, and the separate parts going in their own directions.
* 'Momentum' of moving objects.
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Quantum Quantum Quantum ... :
From what I've discovered, the (Real World) "Non-Local" ( non-NanoscaleActually "Femto" Scale - as 'Nano' (billions of a meter scale is STILL too large for these really tiny things. 'Femto' implies 1000 X smaller than that. ) Quantum Entanglement stuff is Bullshit ( that is the opinion of VERY MANY Quantum Scientists ) -- "Local Entanglement" ("quantum coupling") is where multiple particles ( simultaneously making a wave ) are simultaneously subject to the same 'writing' (state setting) event influences, which through the same local effects leave/create exactly the same state on both (all the involved) 'quantum' particles ( which IS doable with certain experimental Physics mechanisms ). When separated, they retain that 'value' ( as long as 'Decoherence' is avoided from the various and many possible external influences/disturbances ). 
The proposed "Non-Local" Entanglement effect is where : On such a set of separated pairs of entangled particles, you do a 'read' ( which is destructive - apparently ALL observation disrupts what is examined in Quantum Physics ) on ONE particle, and determine some measurement of the particles state, and suddenly the OTHER 'Entangled' particle supposedly now is to show the same 'fixing' effect of the other one's change -- Supposedly resulting in it now 'reading' exactly that same way. This is hypothesized to still work at some great distance ( including when supposedly well outside the range of all logical interactive influences - as defined by normal Physics - usually magnetic/gravity field effects ). 
Some scientists have "claimed" to have proof of this "Non-Local" Entanglement ( ie- a dubious 17 miles away has been claimed ). Many other scientists question these results, and even the ability to 'read' those individual Quantum particle's ( usually photons which are often used as the 'Quantum' objects which are used in these experiments - Which can traverse the distances required ) "Value" state without the 'read' action itself causing 'Decoherence' between the paired particles, and thus disturbing the experiment. Such findings of Non-local Entanglement so far appear to be wishful thinking, and the result of improper detection (faulty experiments) -- and being more the result of Cherry-picked 'good' results selected from random results -- thus ignoring the likely statistical failure results.
Somehow misunderstanding of ideas like this were employed for BS1/BS2 'Resurrection', and the strange multiple Fantasy Magics in Infinite BS. ( 'Sound good' Buzzwords people have heard, but haven't a clue about what they are about, and general ignorance even for the basic Physics involved ).
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Infinite BS Quantum Theory Misuse - INFINITE :
The real quantum mechanics 'Multi-worlds Hypothesis' requires Infinite Universes (like the title) to have to exist to explain observing the Wave vs Particle conflict in Physics. It is a much-derided/rejected idea ( which breaks some of the most fundamental laws of physics ) which says that for every smallest instant and in every tiny part of the universe that when interactions occur, a NEW universe gets formed each time. The universe is almost Infinitely large and their is an infinite teeny points of time, so thus the "Infinite" ( supposedly of the game title ? ) universes being created constantly. 
Infinite (infinity) is a HUGE number . Elizabeth would kill Comstocks and Bookers til the end of time and not get even a tiny fraction of those Comstocks which exist in then INFINITE universes ( The misapplied 'hypothesis' also says nothing about making people Dimension Gods, nor allows for transit between parallel universes ).
People are NOT quantum objects, so any attributed 'quantum-ness' (merging and such) is pure writer bosh. Near infinite quantum interaction happen every second just within a humans body. Obviously 'historic' events are no simple quantum phenomenon.
The futility of thinking this way defies stupidity - Yet 'god' Elizabeth is supposed to be 'all knowing' ( Consider that later she in Burial At Sea, while trying to 'save Sally', dooms thousands of people in Rapture by enabling the criminal Fontaines evil plans). 
In Real Science, even a 'Hypothesis' is required to be applied CONSISTENTLY, and NOT have constant special exceptions to facilitate a game's 'Plot'/'Story'. Bad Fantasy Fiction based on 'quantum theory' is surely only something to be avoided.
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Buoyancy :
Real Floatyness Facts ( Is Not Next to Godliness in Columbia's Case ) :
Gases used to provide buoyancy to 'float' in the atmosphere (Densities) :
* 1.2041 kg/m3 Air at ambient temp 68 F ( what any 'air' floaty gas has to be lighter than )
* 0.9486 kg/m3 Hot Air heated at temp of boiling water (210 F) ( hotter it gets, the faster heat leaves it, and must be constantly reheated - fuel consumption )
* 0.1636 kg/m3 Helium
* 0.0899 kg/m3 Hydrogen
* 0.0001 kg/m3 Vacuum ( If this was advanced tech Sci-Fi with ultra-lightweight container, but circa 1900 ain't that )
* 0.0681 kg/m3 Steam ( but you have to keep heating it up constantly & reusing via condensation )
Buoyancy is provided with a lower difference to the ambient air. So the 'lift' is a bit more than a kilogram per cubic meter of hydrogen/helium 'gas' in a balloon ( as what can float naturally with no funky fake physics required ). SO YOU NEED A *BIG* Volume of 'gas' to float anything of substantial weight.
Example : 220 lb ~= 100 kg ( load of a human and weight of the vehicle itself ) requires to float a volume of : a Cube-sized ~4.641 meters * 3.281 ft/m = ~15.23 feet wide ( or a Spherical gasbag about 19 feet wide ).
Note - the 'load' includes the whole mechanism, not just the occupants - includes the gasbag(envelope), stringer lines, whatever drive/control mechanisms, structural bits, power/propulsion units, gas heaters (if any) ...
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Buoyancy - Why Bathyspheres Are Shown WRONG :
This illustrates the way a "Bathysphere" would actually float in water. It really cannot sit higher than that ( and probably alot less above the water ). It is just basic physics, having to do with how buoyancy works. To submerge, it has to weigh as much as the water it displaces, and with that huge passenger space inside, it cannot possibly have ballast tanks large enough ( which must remain underwater to buoy the vehicle ABOVE the water ) to raise itself further than this. At a Bathysphere Station there can be a Lift or Crane mechanism to lift it high enough to clear that door from the water, but there is nothing like that on the ocean's surface. SO the BS1 Endscene where a flotilla of Splicer-filled Bathyspheres attack the American Submarine is IMPOSSIBLE - open the door and it is a quick one-way trip to death in the crushing depths.
How Ballast Tanks in A Submarine actually work. Note how LOW the Submarine sits in the water when surfaced. 
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==LightAbsorption==
It would be DARK down there in Rapture. And artificial lights do NOT reach very far. 'HMS Titanic' sank in 12,415 feet of water - you've seen the pictures and the wreck portrayal in the Movie ( or even more realistically in the documentaries - as to the murk and light absorbing darkness ) - Even though Rapture is only 1/20th as deep as Titanic resides, it would still be 'that Dark and Murky'. 
Seeing things in Rapture is not Just the Sunlight Illumination in the immediate vicinity, but also things being seen SIDEWAYS through a thousand or more feet of Water ( Many of those Cityscape Views ).
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About Every 33 feet the light intensity HALVES. Intensity is down to 1/8th brightness at only 100 feet and 1/64th by 200 feet.
Depth filters out light spectrum. Light very dim/gone by 600 feet depth. Different colors are absorbed at different rates. Light reaching down shifts to blueish. ( At 600 feet surface light intensity is down to a quarter of a millionth - halved 18 times ).
A Skybox image. WTF kind of bright lighting can be seen through such a distance of water ( 200 feet of water is enough to turn the bright sunlight into being barely perceptible ). The game artists ( through ignorance OR not caring ) took liberties with the Laws of Physics simply to make a 'pretty view'.
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WATER LIGHT ABSORPTION :
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Like Light, Radio Waves DO NOT Travel Through Water Well At All :
Making the signal for Radios in Bathyspheres/Vehicles and TVs and portable Radios an issue ( without some kind of CB-type/repeater backbone ). It also does NOT go through Concrete very well. Cable (Coax) systems to make local transmission would be required for any proper Radio Reception.
This absorption may help a little with all the magnetic noise that Rapture generates ( including from electric motors ) - making Rapture less 'visible' to the outside World.
Ryan's communications to the outside would have to be hidden somehow - Antennas on the Lighthouse with shortwave would work, but be a dead giveaway in the modern world ( and especially because of the Cold War ).
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Simple example of Game Designers not understanding the simplest things.
Please Imagine HANGING on a Skyline with this thing. The game designers never did.
I think they were more concerned with its use for those EXECUTION moves which pander to certain Players.
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Ryan would likely have had things like this located in strategic spots in Rapture to indicate the effects of the Atomic War he was expecting to take place in the Surface World. Rapture's Light House would be an obvious spot for such sensors.
"CPM" is Counts Per Minute. A "Rad" is a unit of measure of Radiation ( 'google it' for lots of details and explanation of several other radiation unit scales ).
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Problematic Game Kinematics "Physics"
The Infinite game's programmed physics may have been more problematic if it had physics like in previous BioShock games. Physics in BS1 and BS2 was often seen to be a bit too reactive to a point where it was unintentionally hilarious. Knocking around objects did cause unnatural bouncing on supposed weighted objects ( pots, registers, statues, corpses ). It was easy to stop some Scripted Scenes with weapons and objects ( ie- Tenenbaum's first scripted scene can be stopped by 'Telekinetically' landing a bomb in front of the Splicer, freezing Tenenbaum to where you can actually kill her ). 
Objects did have "collision" problems when touching other similarly 'rigged' objects. Too many will start bouncing off each other because of insufficient dampening attributes. The few stacking puzzles in Arcadia become frustrating with the boxes and crates bouncing or slipping off when you jumped on them.
Players could use this fault as an advantage to cheat the script : Arcadia can be skipped when stacking bags at the tree in front of the exit. Scripted spawn points in any upcoming Glossary#Zerg-Rush can be wiped out by placing all available gas tanks, oil drums and grenades nearby to immolate the opponents. Security Bots can be placed over script-closed doors to allow reentry. 
Most players frequently see the corpse physics that makes them dance or spin/twitch their limbs continually. 
Some of Infinite BS buildings did have some actual movement, and even Zeppelins did have collision when a corpse would "flop" around on the wings ( notice it next time on the Skyline introduction, when killing a soldier on the Zeppelin's wing ).
Overall, the BioShock:Infinite physics were restricted due to "Unreal Engine 3"https://unreal.fandom.com/wiki/Unreal_Engine_3 and current Console limitations. It would have been crazy to see Gondolas and Buildings spinning and crashed all over areas from sporadic tossed pots and bottles. More complicated Physics Engine side-effects of Infinite BS's Gondola object going through the building below would be disastrous, versus the simplified (default) graphics 'clipping' through it.
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Water Pressure - That Thing, Rapture, Has Alot Of :
There are several of these Water Pressure vs Depth calculators online. 
http://www.lenntech.com/calculators/pressure/pressure.htm
You can play with it and see for yourself some of the numbers involved with various depths.  I picked 600 feet as a reasonable deepest 'Street Level' for much of the City, with buildings generally going upwards (less deep) from there.  
Some parts of Rapture are fairly shallow ( nearer the Ocean's surface ) as the City is built on the side of an ancient underwater volcano which rises up just about to the ocean surface ( one high spot is where the Lighthouse stands ).  Further away, the depth plunges to several thousand feet ( the typical depth of the Ocean seabed in Rapture's vicinity ).  You can 'run the numbers' to see what the effects of those depths are ( and why it would be ALOT harder to have built Rapture deeper ).  
Don't believe that "Six Miles under the Ocean" ... It is the rantings of a deranged Splicer ( or from some lyrics of a once popular song ).
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Pressure and Windows, something no gamemaker is seem to actually know/care about ( even 'up in space' vacuum pales in comparison to the pressure forces involved in modestly deep underwater environments ). 
(( There is this thing called Internet Browsing, which can easily search-out/find all the ins-and-outs of many such subject in mere moments. ))
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Lighting ( BaSx used the same awful lighting as Columbia ) :
Hazy - and as if brightly lit by Sunlight. Same inside and outside the windows. High Ceilings which would require a ceiling full of lighting which just wasn't there. Some Burial at Sea DLC effort shortcuts ? Sloppy in OUR Rapture. 
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BETTER MORE Realistic 'Game Physics' :
Game Computers have become more powerful ( and will continue to do so in the future ). WE can have Player manipulated Objects to block movement of Players and NPCs ( Many games, because they skimp on 'collision testing', and many movement endcases, allow objects and Players to pass through each other and through non-static objects. )
Usually a realistic blocking mechanism is a source of 'Griefing' in MMORPGs ( to the extent many now just let Players and thing simply move through others - which also makes for a lighter load on the Servers )
A more complicated system of reactive objects/NPCs and Player actions allows the terrain and props to be used more ways and to present more interesting situations. But it also requires more careful movement and navigation ( which now the NPCs have to do as well ).
The BIOSHOCK : Rapture Reborn MMORPG would have this more complex movement and obstruction -- As the game now is LESS about running around like a maniac and shooting things up, and MORE about the detailed terrain and actions of things within it.
Similar trajectory interactions (like shooting) then also have to be more detailed and realistic. There is the issue of network delays affecting accuracy of the represented actions -- Temporal differences between a Player's Client issuing commands, and another Client or the Server running NPCs being offset in time (the data delay), which have to be arbitrated and resolved and presented adequately on all the Client's displays.
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Would You Kindly Pick Up that Shortwave Radio ? ... :
This magic Radio system in Rapture that works so well, when people today still have to go outside to 'get connected' on their cell phones ( even better is the TV transmissions allegedly from Delta's suit ... )
Radio Signals (in real life) work miserably thru water ( even Trees, with their water content, degrade 'line of sight' radio significantly ).
Ryan was an electrical genius, and probably had a number of other geniuses working for him. SO he was able to find ways around various limitations in Rapture - Cable systems.
City standard 2-way radios would use a system of Relays and Repeaters ( and long distance signals sent thru wires/coax-waveguides instead of trying to go through water/walls ). The system would likely run in parallel with the other Utility systems thru the protected conduits that linked all areas of the City.
Those TVs, which we see everywhere in Rapture, might be a logical device to contain a 'hot-spot' for the Radio Repeaters ( just like some possibly also had hidden TV cameras ). The TVs work off a cable network that can also be utilized for 'Radio' traffic.
Such equipment would have been greatly accelerated by the 1949 invention of X-isters (transistors) -- in the Real World the first consumer Transistor Radios coming out in 1954. Tubes are a high maintenance technology, and lowering expenses would allow expanding the Radio Communication system.
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This proclivity for interference/weak signals can facilitate MMORPG situations with the imperfect operations of Radios. In New Rapture's controlled areas, the Radio Repeater System would have been repaired, and would generally work pretty well. Further away, it works less and less, until far out in 'the Wild' it doesn't work at all. 
MMORPG Quest/Missions can be doing Repairs to this City System in the newly expanded New Rapture areas, including an ever-present task of salvaging needed equipment. You might find some Splicers intelligent enough to have THEM get systems working in their area ( for their own use ), and others that may listen in on your Radio Traffic, or 'Jam it' at inopportune times. Knocking out some Faction's Jamming Operation would be yet another Player Mission. Similar issues apply to the Telephone and various TV systems.
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The Depth of Stupidity in Rapture -- It Cannot Be This DEEP :
Fontaine says "Six miles under the Atlantic" linky in a radio msg,  but that ( eliminating any Fantasy-like stupidity ) must've been a 'common saying' in Rapture -- As it is beyond ridiculous technologically ( depth like that is getting close to 1000 atm (14000 psi) pressure when that deep ).   We hear insane Splicers saying that phrase elsewhere, and maybe by the time Fontaine says it (in BS1), he has already started 'hitting the sauce' ( using ADAM ) ...
"Six miles under the Atlantic" is sheer absurdity ( Let's DON'T count on lazy game Developers for any sense of reality -- WE apply Common Sense and Knowledge ).
Perhaps it RATHER ( as a Canon-healing idea ) was the 'Punch Line' in a Sander Cohen play, or a popular TV Show, or the Slogan for a brand of Corn Flakes ???  In the MMORPG, we can make it more a likelihood of something like that.   Maybe the phrase is an equivalent of being 'Six Feet Under' for some of Atlas's propaganda ??
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QUANTUM BS ( Lets look at some REAL Quantum Physics "Theory" ) :
Buzzwords : "decoherence", "superposition", "tunneling", "interference", "mesoscopic persistent superposition" "teleportation", "collapsing', etc...
"Stupidity spreads til it overwhelms the total. This happens very quickly in Quantum system" - Albert Einstein
"Quantum Teleportation" is misnamed ( and rather misleading ). It is really just sending information broken into as two quantum scrambled signals using Quantum Property Effects, and then reassembling them at a destination to recreate the same original INFORMATION which existed at the source. It is said to likely be very useful for unbreakable encryption technologies ( as you need the second quantum unit to decode the first ). This 'Teleportation' has, as part of the process, the destruction of the original source information - which BTW happens every time you READ (OBSERVE) a quantum particle object ( Decoherence - and there is NO such thing as Passive observation in Quantum Physics ). 
SO : No matter is transmitted/transported/moved, only 'information' which is unintelligible while being sent because it is split into randomized 'halves' ( thus the great potential for cryptographic communications ). 
The game writers' consideration likely stopped right there when they merely heard the word "teleportation", and did not ( or care to ) listen further to the rest of the explanation from these 'quantum' expert(s) they supposedly consulted with. It sounded good enough for their game, even though it HAS NOTHING TO DO with what the real Quantum Physics are in the use of the term "Teleportation".
In BS1 a similar misunderstanding was applied to a game mechanism -- the Vita Chamber's alleged "Teleportation" mechanism was mentioned for the game's contrived Auto Save Game mechanism. which could have maybe better been solved by some other physically possible mechanism ... That ploy was disposed of in Infinite BS without any problem -- via that unexplained magic injection used to bring you back to life, made by Elizabeth (( Though her magic 'god' powers should have just been her waving her hands over you ???, No ? Having that new 'Save' mechanism with YOU 'coming back to life' with a little less money is a "bit" strange though. Does she "pick your pocket" while you are dead ?? Say EWWW at your snotty hanky, and the remarking how it looks like a Turner Landscape ??? Another thing she 'learned in books' ?? Kinda Feebly & Stupidly(tm) CONTRIVED, No ?? ))
Now this 'Teleportation' misinterpretation somehow also explains the game's abilities and events of crossing dimensions/between-universes, and even some Time Travel. It is pure bunk, based on words that "sounded like something" ( for all the Players actually care ). Far more important to Players is when the game's combat turned out to be bothersomely repetitive and hardly inspiring -- for what is really just a rather lame "Shooter Game". As many honest reviewers mentioned : Story doesn't make up for poor gameplay.
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Atmospheric Fun for Columbia :
If Columbia moves ( the story says it does ) then how fast and against the wind ? Consider what it is like to operate/live in a (?) 50 MPG blow (movement + winds), and potentially far more than that when even 'At Full Stop' in a powerful storm. Not much in Columbia is all that 'sheltered'.
Still wanna ride that 'Skyline' or those 'gondolas' on cables in THAT WIND ?? ( Inconvenient to have to 'wait' til such disturbances pass ... )
Real_Physics Wind on different surfaces causes force differentials - so as to make a 'floating' thing want to tip and rotate. If these already ludicrous 'skylines' were supposed to connect many of the separate chunks of the city, then those sections better be kept quite rigidly positioned relative to each other or have the Skylines be yanked and torn and destroyed only after a short time.
Not great or logical design - no matter how 'good' it supposedly looks, or how 'neat' an idea -- even when trying to use that explained Faux-Technology ( Based on Faux-Science ).
Such Magic could have been done simpler, and much more sensibly than this concocted hacked-together Oldie-Timey stuff they produced. (( Seriously - slavishly reproducing stuff from old turn of century photographs would have been cheaper and far better looking than that Traveling-Carnival-look the whole place had. ))
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"Almost No Light Penetrates Below 490 Feet of Water Depth in the Ocean, Even in Clear Water" :
Light visible to the human eye is 'gone' more like at a 200 foot depth.
With the sewage around Rapture, causing bacteria to grow in the water, then "clear" ISN'T what the water is. Thus it is even murkier ( And all/any light is absorbed in even less distance ). Say goodbye to those long distance views of Rapture cityscape, more than a few hundred feet away ( and the tops of the tall buildings seen from their own base ).
Need a Rapturesque/Ocean-ish name like "Smog" to label this effect.
??? "Hurk" - combination of Haze and Murk ?? "Muze" ( better cuz there's also Muck and Ooze and maybe Muddy ).
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 'Physically-Correct' - Higher detail and CONSISTENCY in interactions to be used in the MMORPG.
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And YOU Thought Plasmids/Vita_Chambers Were Hard to Justify ... :
"Quantum Particles suspended in Space Time at a 'fixed height' " .... Uh right.  Aristarchus's, Copernicus and Galileo, Einstein and others are rolling over in their graves at these writers' abuse of Physics.  The earth rotates (and wobbles) and orbits the Sun in an elliptical path, which then orbits the center of the Milky Way, which is moving outwards in the expanding Universe.   THAT'S a Sum of more than 600 km/sec ( most bullets travel well under 1 km/sec ) in several different changing vectors.   These MAGICAL 'quantum particles' seem to be pretty smart.  The least little error/variance in the millionths degree would crumple Columbia like so much tin foil.    
Do you ever get the feeling they should have just said the place runs on 'Fairy Dust' ???
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Lutece Particle Uses Time Travel ( An attempt at Explaining "Floaty" ) :
In the BioShock Infinite panel at "Momocon 2014", Troy Baker provided additional information :
"I wish that the explanation of why Columbia was in the sky was explained, it was originally supposed to be a way bigger part of, it wasn't supposed to be just like a Vox-o-Phone that you found. It was supposed to be like really big, and how that came through, and I wish that would have been more clear, because I think it was such an ingenious conceit, that it was because it was continually going back in time to the second that it wasn't falling."
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Unfortunately, Real Quantum Physics have nothing to do with Time Travel either.
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Winds Blow Up There :
Example set of Maps of Winds different Altitudes which Columbia is supposed to Float at :
Pink Is 80-100 MPH, Yellow is 60-80. Columbia caught in that wind isn't staying still and gusts against the huge surfaces can't make for any kind of smooth floating. The winds have a prevailing direction - EAST flowing with the Jet Stream at such altitudes.
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REALISTIC - Kinetic Motions :
Better Ragdoll (and Other) Game Rendering Physics :
One of the more amusing things in BS2 was using the Speargun and watching the baddies fly 30 feet to be pinned to a wall ( Hmm, I should try crouching and seeing if I can pin them to the ceiling ). More bizarre is the continually thrashing body you sometimes see. The semi-randomness/variations of their 'ragdoll' motion and bouncing off the terrain look different almost every incident.
Consoles may lack the CPU power to do more extensive game physics, so lower quality settings will have to do ( and maybe gaming machines doing full calculations will transmit the fancier twitchings to any console nearby who are seeing the same scene ).
Piles of objects waiting to collapse, destructible walls, drifting smoke - all kinds of potential for improved effects in the game.
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Real Quantum Physics equations ( the few smatterings shown on 'chalkboards' in-game were pretty meager ). This obviously isn't a blackboard ( it has computer generated too exactness ). All the 'blackboards' used in-game in Infinite BS and its DLC ( to impart backstory/context ) showed way too much precision for any real Chalkboard use.
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MOMENTOUS Raft of Absurdity - Sci-Fi's Dimwitted Stepchild... Von Danikenesque Pseudo-Science :
* Blame it on the Quantum Whatever ...  
* The Ultimate Universal Crutch (of the hack writer) ...
* "American Exceptualism" - Except this ain't America, nor Exceptional ...
* Einstein said : "That Shit be Whacked !!" 
* Did they recycle the Denny's napkins this game was designed on ?  DO we blame the ketchup stains for losing the better parts of it ?
* "No Gods, No Kings, No Half-assed Derivative Rubbish" - Andrew Ryan
* Rapture Headline - "Schrodinger Sues !!!" (Or his cat) 
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 The Electron (Known as Cathode Rays) Wasn't Discovered Until 1897 :
So Lutece is supposed to do work on 'quantum particles' - Whatever they are supposed to be ... years before the Electron Discovery. Using Knowledge and Mechanisms/Technology yet unknown - Amazing how Rosalind overcame such roadblocks all by herself ( as in : Sorry Kenny, your Contrived Timeline is BS ).
Consider that Lutece had to have this 'technology' working well before 1893 to have allowed its development/engineering, AND for Comstock to have become that 'Prophet' by using it ( to get Followers and CASH ) -- And that convenient 'aging' for him to NOT look like a snot-nosed 19 year-old. It all being only a few years after 'Wounded Knee', which happened Dec 1890. (( Not just 'contrived', but STUPIDLY contrived, and even HACK-WRITTEN STUPIDLY contrived. ))
Is Levine & Co's story starting to look a bit TOO 'contrived' yet ? NO? (What would it take then ?)
Explaining Too Much Of Technical Details is a Trap GOOD WRITERS Avoid. Linking to real events too heavily, and badly to scientific details is most problematic. Likewise, Historic presentations fail when too much modern spin are put on them.
(( THOUGHT EXPERIMENT : If Comstock/Fink could do all those things in just a few short years, Why did something as simple as Infinite BS take about 6 years for Levine to make ??? ))
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 "God Save Us From Moronic Hack Writing" - George Orwell
Seriously having absurdist Fantasy Physics and THEN Whining at the Player about how Evil "1900 America's Society" was ...
Almost as bad as having Totally-Exaggerated/Propaganda-grade Caricatures used as 'Evidence' of some Social Ills
(( Fifth Grade History (today's lame-arsed school quality ) - For the assumed Fifth Grade mentality of Players ????? ))
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REAL Particle Physics - Experiments Required Machines Like This
4 decades later (or more) than story Luteces. So Rosalind Lutece (minus her brother) was supposed to have done stuff like this before 1893 ? Yeah, Riiiiiight.
Alternate History fantasy is pretty easy to spot when it is done so badly as in Infinite BS.
Machinery actually able to manipulate 'particles' ( here simple electrons ) took decades of work by many very smart people. Theory is one thing, Application is another. Building a product via Engineering is far further difficulty.
Sad thing is : that many computer gamemakers really don't have a grasp of how real things work, or what effort and true genius really went into creating all the simple things they use daily - as well as for all the complex ones.
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A Real Quantum Computer ( 130 years later than the Floatyshit(tm) began in Columbia ) which has to be suspended at near an absolute zero (kelvin) temperature to work.
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Structural Realities ...
Rapture Big Open Spaces required proper Support ( There were huge forces pressing in due to the Ocean Depth's Water Pressure ). So much of Rapture used Thick Rebar-filled Concrete Beams ( to make use of both Compression and Tension ).
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