Apocalypse of Paul

The Apocalypse of Paul is a 4th century text of the New Testament apocrypha. There is an Ethiopic version of the Apocalypse which features the Virgin Mary in the place of Paul the Apostle, as the receiver of the vision, known as the Apocalypse of the Virgin. The text is not to be confused with the gnostic Apocalypse of Paul, which is unlikely to be related.
The text appears to be an elaborate expansion and rearrangement of the Apocalypse of Peter, and is essentially a description of a vision of Heaven, and then of Hell - although it also contains a prologue describing all creation appealing to God against the sin of man, which is not present in Peter's Apocalypse. At the end of the text, Paul/Mary manages to persuade God to give everyone in Hell a day off every Sunday.
The text extends Peter's Apocalypse by framing the reasons for the visits to heaven and hell as the witnessing of the death and judgement of one wicked man, and one who is righteous. The text is heavily moralistic, and adds, to the Apocalypse of Peter, features such as: 
*Pride is the root of all evil
*Heaven is the land of milk and honey
*Hell has rivers of fire and of ice (for the cold hearted)
*Some angels are evil, the dark angels of hell, including Temeluchus, the tartaruchi.
==Plan of the book==
* 1, 2. Discovery of the revelation.
* 3-6. Appeal of creation to God against man
* 7-10. The report of the angels to God about men.
* 11-18. Deaths and judgements of the righteous and the wicked.
* 19-30. First vision of Paradise, including lake Acherusa.
* 31-44. Hell. Paul obtains rest on Sunday for the lost.
* 45-51. Second vision of Paradise.
==Versions==
Greek copies of the texts are rare; those existing containing many omissions. Of the Eastern versions -Syriac, Coptic, Ethiopic- the Syriac are considered to be the most reliable. There are also several abridged Latin texts, from which many current versions were translated from, into most European languages.
Whole episodes are repeated hinting of unskilled compilation.
James also sees its influence in the Dante's Inferno (ii. 28Several versions and commentaries on Inferno, Canto II, 28 of the Divine Comedy. Pietro Alighieri thinks it is an allusion to .), when Dante mentions the visit of the 'Chosen Vessel': But the Lord said unto him, Go thy way: for he is a chosen vessel unto me, to bear my name before the Gentiles, and kings, and the children of Israel: to Hell.
==References==
* Theodore Silverstein and Anthony Hilhorst (ed.), Apocalypse of Paul (Geneva, P. Cramer, 1997).
* J. van Ruiten, "The Four Rivers of Eden in the Apocalypse of Paul (Visio Pauli): The Intertextual Relationship of Genesis 2:10-14 and the Apocalypse of Paul 23:4," in García Martínez, Florentino, and Gerard P. Luttikhuizen (edd), Jerusalem, Alexandria, Rome: Studies in Ancient Cultural Interaction in Honour of A. Hilhorst (Leiden, Brill, 2003).
* Lenka Jiroušková, Die Visio Pauli: Wege und Wandlungen einer orientalischen Apokryphe im lateinischen Mittelalter unter Einschluß der alttsechischen und deutschsprachigen Textzeugen (Leiden, Brill, 2006) (Mittellateinische Studien und Texte, 34).
* Jan N. Bremmer and Istvan Czachesz (edd). The Visio Pauli and the Gnostic Apocalypse of Paul (Leuven, Peeters, 2007) (Studies on Early Christian Apocrypha, 9).
==External links==
*M.R. James' translation and commentary. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924.
**at Comparative-Religion.Com
**at the Wesley Center Online
Category:Christian apocalyptic writings
Category:Pauline related books
Paul
de:Visio Sancti Pauli
he:האפוקליפסה של פאולוס
it:Apocalisse di Paolo (greca)
la:Apocalypsis Pauli