1952 Italian Grand Prix

The 1952 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula Two race held on 7 September 1952 at Monza. It was the eighth and final round of the 1952 World Drivers' Championship, which was run to Formula Two rules in 1952 and 1953, rather than the Formula One regulations normally used. The 80-lap race was won by driver Alberto Ascari after he started from pole position. José Froilán González finished second for the team, and Ascari's teammate Luigi Villoresi came in third.
==Background==
The Italian Grand Prix at Monza would be the centrepiece for the finale of the championship season in 1952. Scuderia Ferrari and Alberto Ascari had already secured the title, two rounds ago at the Nürburgring. With the exception of the Indianapolis 500, the Ferrari's had won every round of the championship. Alberto Ascari, likewise, had won all the rounds he had participated in with the exception of the Indianapolis 500. If Ferrari were to complete their cleansweep of the opposition, they were required to win in front of their home crowd for the final race of the season.
*Ferrari: Scuderia Ferrari would notably enter five works cars for their home race to ensure they secured their victory at home. Alberto Ascari was as usual the leading favourite for the race; however, he would expect fierce opposition from his teammate Giuseppe Farina, Luigi Villoresi, Piero Taruffi and participating for the first time since Bremgarten was André Simon. There was also a number of private Ferrari entries being entered for the race. Peter Whitehead was back in his old 125 chassis, whilst Louis Rosier, Rudolf Fischer and Charles de Tornaco all entered the newer 500 model. Competing alongside Fischer at Ecurie Espadon, Hans Stuck entered a Ferrari 212 sportscar.
*Maserati: Ferrari had seen little opposition throughout the year, but there was hope that a reformed Maserati and their new A6GCM chassis would be capable of challenging the Ferrari's once ready. The chassis had already had a low key debut with Escuderia Bandeirantes and one works entry; however, the manufacturer had not begun their true challenge. Juan Manuel Fangio remained injured from his neck injuries earlier in the season, but José Froilán González would return for his first championship race of the season with Maserati. Felice Bonetto, who had already done one race with the team, continued to cover for Fangio, whilst a third car was entered for their test driver, Franco Rol. The Escuderia Bandeirantes would continue to enter their A6GCM's for drivers Chico Landi, Gino Bianco and Eitel Cantoni. Enrico Platé would continue to enter the old 4CLT/48 cars for Emmanuel de Graffenried and Alberto Crespo, an Argentine new-comer who was impressing in non-championship races.
*Gordini: The usual trio of Robert Manzon, Maurice Trintignant and Jean Behra were entered for the leading French cars. Johnny Claes also entered one of the older T15', sponsored by a Belgian noblewoman, the  Vicomtesse de Walckiers. Previously, she had helped sponsor, Antonio Branca's efforts in the Grand Prix.
*HWM: The HWM team had cut down to only a two car entry for the final race of the season. Peter Collins returned to the seat after missing the Dutch round, whilst Lance Macklin once again joined him as teammate. Tony Gaze, the Australian privateer, would also enter his privately owned HWM car.
*Cooper: Four cars were entered by British privateers with the Cooper T20, one of the most successful F2 manufacturers of the year. Mike Hawthorn, despite racing independently in a small team financed by his father, had regularly given chase to the Ferrari cars throughout the year. Hawthorn once again returned with his T20; however, he was also joined by other regular Cooper privateers such as Eric Brandon and Alan Brown of the Ecurie Richmond team. Ken Wharton, who usually raced for Frazer Nash, had switched to a Cooper T20 for the first time, although he still remained with his Scuderia Franera racing team.
*Connaught: Connaught had been another small British manufacturer that had been able to pluck above its weight in 1952. Their cars, only entering the championship late in the season, had proven capable of challenging the Cooper cars in the midfield. The team, for the first time, would enter a works team for the world championship. Regular Connaught drivers Kenneth McAlpine and Dennis Poore were in attendance in Italy whilst Stirling Moss, who had been released from his ERA contract after the car's poor performance, also joined the Connaught line-up for Italy.
*Aston: Bill Aston would make a return in his little Aston Butterworth chassis. The car was not expected to run particularly highly, but entering the race remained an achievement for the little Aston car.
*OSCA: A team created by the Maserati brothers, the original Maserati manufacturer founders had so far unsuccessfully tried to get their OSCA 20 chassis to work effectively. The team had laboured throughout 1951 to make a competitive car to no avail; however, in the hands of French privateer, Élie Bayol the car would make a return in 1952.
*Cisitalia: Another obscure manufacturer to enter the race, Italian veteran Piero Dusio, would attempt to enter a Cisitalia sportscar into the race despite it having very little competitive advantage in the race. 
==Entry list==
The full entry list for the is outlined below:
No.	Driver 	Entrant 	Constructor	Chassis	Engine	Model 	Tyre
2 	Robert Manzon 	Equipe Gordini 	 	T16 	 	20 2.0 L6 	
4 	Maurice Trintignant 	Equipe Gordini 	 	T16 	 	20 2.0 L6 	
6 	Jean Behra 	Equipe Gordini 	 	T16 	 	20 2.0 L6 	
8 	André Simon 	Scuderia Ferrari 	 	500 	 	500 2.0 L4 	
10 	Nino Farina 	Scuderia Ferrari 	 	500 	 	500 2.0 L4 	
12 	Alberto Ascari 	Scuderia Ferrari 	 	500 	 	500 2.0 L4 	
14 	Piero Taruffi 	Scuderia Ferrari 	 	500 	 	500 2.0 L4 	
16 	Luigi Villoresi 	Scuderia Ferrari 	 	500 	 	500 2.0 L4 	
18 	Rudi Fischer 	Écurie Espadon 	 	500 	 	500 2.0 L4 	
20 	Hans Stuck 	Écurie Espadon 	 	212 	 	125 F1 1.5 V12 	
22 	Felice Bonetto 	Officine Alfieri Maserati	 	A6GCM 	 	A6G 2.0 L6 	
24 	Franco Rol 	Officine Alfieri Maserati	 	A6GCM 	 	A6G 2.0 L6 	
26 	José Froilán González	Officine Alfieri Maserati	 	A6GCM 	 	A6G 2.0 L6 	
28 	Kenneth McAlpine 	Connaught Engineering 	 	A 	 	2.0 L4 	
30 	Dennis Poore 	Connaught Engineering 	 	A 	 	2.0 L4 	
32 	Stirling Moss 	Connaught Engineering 	 	A 	 	2.0 L4 	
34 	Élie Bayol 	Élie Bayol 	 	20 	 	Tipo 2000 2.0 L6	
36 	Eric Brandon 	Ecurie Richmond 	 	T20 	 	BS1 2.0 L6 	
38 	Alan Brown 	Ecurie Richmond 	 	T20 	 	BS1 2.0 L6 	
40 	Ken Wharton 	Scuderia Franera 	 	T20 	 	BS1 2.0 L6 	
42 	Mike Hawthorn 	Leslie D. Hawthorn 	 	T20 	 	BS1 2.0 L6 	
44 	Piero Dusio 	Piero Dusio 	 	D46 	 	2.0 L4 	
46 	Gino Bianco 	EscuderiaBandeirantes 	 	A6GCM 	 	A6G 2.0 L6 	
48 	Chico Landi 	EscuderiaBandeirantes 	 	A6GCM 	 	A6G 2.0 L6 	
50 	Eitel Cantoni 	EscuderiaBandeirantes 	 	A6GCM 	 	A6G 2.0 L6 	
52 	Lance Macklin 	HW Motors 	 	52 	 	F2 2.0 L4 	
54 	Peter Collins 	HW Motors 	 	52 	 	F2 2.0 L4 	
56 	Tony Gaze 	Tony Gaze 	 	52 	 	F2 2.0 L4 	
66 	Johnny Claes 	Vicomtesse de Walckiers 	 	T15 	 	1500 1.5 L4 	
==Qualifying==
A record 35 cars would attempt to make their entrance into the final race of the season at Monza. However, the organisers decreed that the 35 car entry list was too big for what could be handled on the racing circuit at Monza. Instead, only 24 cars would be allowed to enter for the race. It was therefore imperative to the drivers that they were not among the eleven slowest in order to make it to the race.
The need to qualify was nothing that concerned the Ferrari's, Alberto Ascari continued to dominate the sessions, with his fastest time of 2:05.7 still being a second clear of Luigi Villoresi's second fastest time. A further second behind Villoresi was Giuseppe Farina in third, whilst a good effort from Maurice Trintignant's Gordini meant he would start from fourth on the grid.
The Maserati's did not provide the challenge to Ferrari that they would have hoped; González, the fastest of their cars, was only fifth, two seconds down on Ascari. Taruffi was disappointed that his best time could only land him sixth on the grid. He headed Manzon and the final works Ferrari entrant of Simon. Stirling Moss was the fastest of the British cars; he put in an inspired time to put him ninth fastest, after having used the slipstream of Ascari on his fastest lap. Bayol, in his debut race, also did an unexpectedly strong performance by putting the OSCA car tenth on the grid. 
Behra was disappointed to be a lowly eleventh for Gordini, whilst regular breakages on his Bristol engine meant the Cooper car of Hawthorn could manage twelfth. Bonetto was seriously off the pace of his teammate González; however, despite only being thirteenth, he remained faster than the final works Maserati of Rol in sixteenth. Ahead of Rol sat Fischer's Ferrari and Wharton, entering a Cooper for the first time. 
Rosier's Ferrari was seventeenth ahead of Landi, the fastest non-works Maserati. The final Connaught's and Cooper's of Poore, Brandon, Brown and McAlpine were rounding out the back whilst the slowest qualifiers were the Maserati's of Cantoni and Bianco. 
Dusio and his bizarre Cisitalia failed to make it on track due to technical difficulties. Like Claes, whose Simca-Gordini also failed to make it on track, the same was for the non-qualifiers. The HWM cars of Collins, Macklin and Gaze, were all among the non-qualifiers; their Alta engine simply did not have the power to compete on Monza's long straights. De Tornaco was frustrated not to qualify his Ferrari 375, whilst the outdated Maserati 4CLT's of De Graffenried and Crespo were unsurprisingly amongst the non-qualifiers. The old Ferrari cars of Whitehead and Stuck were also eliminated as was the little Aston Butterworth of Bill Aston. 
It had been one of the closest and most competitive practice sessions in history; the slowest qualifier of Bianco was only twelve seconds off the leading time. Despite a serious challenge from his opponents, Ascari would once again start the race from pole position. 
===Qualifying Results===
Pos 	No 	Driver 	Constructor	Time 	Gap
1 	12 	Alberto Ascari 	 	2:05.7 	—
2 	16 	Luigi Villoresi 	 	2:06.6 	+ 0.9
3 	10 	Nino Farina 	 	2:07.0 	+ 1.3
4 	4 	Maurice Trintignant 	 	2:07.2 	+ 1.5
5 	26 	José Froilán González	 	2:07.6 	+ 1.9
6 	14 	Piero Taruffi 	 	2:07.8 	+ 2.1
7 	2 	Robert Manzon 	 	2:08.2 	+ 2.5
8 	8 	André Simon 	 	2:09.1 	+ 3.4
9 	32 	Stirling Moss 	 	2:09.8 	+ 4.1
10 	34 	Élie Bayol 	 	2:10.6 	+ 4.9
11 	6 	Jean Behra 	 	2:10.8 	+ 5.1
12 	42 	Mike Hawthorn 	 	2:11.2 	+ 5.5
13 	22 	Felice Bonetto 	 	2:11.6 	+ 5.9
14 	18 	Rudi Fischer 	 	2:11.8 	+ 6.1
15 	40 	Ken Wharton 	 	2:12.2 	+ 6.5
16 	24 	Franco Rol 	 	2:12.7 	+ 7.0
17 	62 	Louis Rosier 	 	2:12.7 	+ 7.0
18 	48 	Chico Landi 	 	2:13.0 	+ 7.3
19 	30 	Dennis Poore 	 	2:14.0 	+ 8.3
20 	36 	Eric Brandon 	 	2:14.0 	+ 8.3
21 	38 	Alan Brown 	 	2:15.0 	+ 9.3
22 	28 	Kenneth McAlpine 	 	2:15.1 	+ 9.4
23 	50 	Eitel Cantoni 	 	2:15.9 	+ 10.2
24 	46 	Gino Bianco 	 	2:17.1 	+ 11.4
DNQ 	70 	Charles de Tornaco 	 	2:17.5 	+ 11.8
DNQ 	58 	Alberto Crespo 	 	2:17.8 	+ 12.1
DNQ 	60 	Toulo de Graffenried 	 	2:18.4 	+ 12.7
DNQ 	54 	Peter Collins 	 	2:18.6 	+ 12.9
DNQ 	68 	Peter Whitehead 	 	2:18.8 	+ 13.1
DNQ 	56 	Tony Gaze 	 	2:20.3 	+ 14.6
DNQ 	64 	Bill Aston 	 	2:20.7 	+ 15.0
DNQ 	52 	Lance Macklin 	 	2:21.0 	+ 15.3
DNQ 	20 	Hans Stuck 	 	2:22.8 	+ 17.1
DNQ 	44 	Piero Dusio 	 	No time 	—
DNQ 	66 	Johnny Claes 	 	No time 	—
Sources:	Sources:	Sources: 	Sources: 	Sources:	Sources:
===Grid===
==Race==
===Report===
Having dominated the season, Ferrari were determined to enforce their dominant reputation by winning their home Grand Prix. However, both Trintignant's Gordini and González's Maserati had proven to be capable of challenging the Ferrari's pace. Interestingly, the leading Ferrari's all got terrible starts; both González and Trintignant shot off the line from the second row. González took the lead whilst Ascari was forced to settle for second as he desperately fended off Trintignant. Manzon and Behra had also started well moving into fourth and fifth position whilst Bonetto achieved an incredible start to move to sixth in his Maserati from thirteenth. It had been a terrible start for Ferrari; only Ascari remained in the front running after the first lap. Villoresi, Farina, Taruffi and Simon were all languishing in the lower half of the top ten with the leading British cars of Hawthorn and Moss chasing on their rear. The first lap claimed the OSCA car of Elie Bayol, an unfortunate result after an impressive performance in practice.
González immediately began pulling out a lead; however, his A6GCM Maserati was not as fuel efficient as the Ferrari 375 of Ascari behind him. He would have to pit for fuel at some stage during the race. Nonetheless, his outright pace advantage in the early stages was concerning for Ferrari.
Fischer's privateer Ferrari retired on the third lap with engine problems; he was then followed out of the race by McAlpine's Connaught with suspension problems. Hawthorn's Cooper, who was running well in eighth, was then forced to pull into the pits with ignition trouble. It would take a full hour for his mechanics to repair his car and send him back on track, bringing him well out of contention. Trintignant, who had been hounding the rear of Ascari in the opening laps, was then forced to retire on lap five with an engine failure.
Ascari was not running to his usual form; although Trintignant had retired, González had continued to open his lead by a second a lap. Meanwhile, behind him, his teammate Villoresi had made it past Behra's Gordini, and on lap nine, had taken second place away from Ascari as well. However, he would not give up second place easily; he remained locked in the slipstream of Villoresi, and the two Ferrari's frantically pushed to catch González's Maserati.
Behind the top three, Behra remained the leading Gordini, sitting slightly ahead of the Ferrari's of Taruffi and Simon. However, both Behra and Taruffi would encounter mechanical troubles forcing them to head to the pits for repairs. Simon then encountered a sudden drop in pace and dropped behind Manzon, Farina and Bonetto.
González continued to lead; however, as the car's approached the midpoint of the race, the Maserati's would be forced to come in for their inevitable fuel stops. There was also a reliability concern; the final works Maserati of Franco Rol was forced to retire on lap 24 with engine troubles. Bonetto was the first Maserati into the pits, dropping him out of the battle for fourth place. A couple of laps later, González then pitted from the lead, allowing Ascari to return to first position. Villoresi had previously dropped behind his teammate; in his desperation to keep second place, he had worn down his tyres, and like the Maserati's, he would be forced to pit.
The Gordini challenge was now well and truly over; Behra, who had already dropped out of the lead race, then retired on lap 42 with engine troubles. Manzon then lost fourth place when he was forced to pit for new spark plugs. By the time he rejoined the track, he would be multiple laps down on the leaders. Farina had therefore taken second place; however, he was quickly being hunted down by González and Villoresi behind him.
There was further concerns for Maserati; the privateer car of Bianco retired on lap 46 with engine troubles. Nonetheless, the lead Maserati's were running well; González had retaken second place from Farina and was hunting down Ascari, matching the world champion's best time. The second car of Bonetto, whilst sitting in fifth and having been lapped by Ascari, was also demonstrating impressive speed. He had even managed to unlap himself, as his Maserati power proved the equal to the Ferrari.
The Connaught car of Moss had been topping the midfield; he had ran consistently in eighth place throughout the race, but gear valve troubles had prevented him from challenging higher up the field. On lap 60, a sturdy drive was brought to an end when a suspension failure forced him into the pits. His teammate Poore had taken up eighth place, having followed Moss throughout the race; however, a long fuel stop dropped him well down the field.
The final laps were fairly processional; Ascari would go on to take the victory to complete of the most dominant Grand Prix seasons by a single driver and team in Grand Prix history. Nonetheless, like the Alfa Romeo domination before them, it was not expected to last for long. The impressive display from the Maserati's in which González claimed second and Bonetto fifth would mean the Ferrari's would be expected to have a much greater challenge in 1953. Villoresi with his new tyres had managed to retake third place from Farina, the last of the drivers not to be lapped by Ascari. Villoresi had somewhat quashed rumours that he was no longer capable of competing among the top after his early season injuries.
===Results===
Pos 	No 	Driver 	Constructor	Laps 	Time/Retired 	Grid 	Points
1 	12 	Alberto Ascari 	 	80 	2:50:45.6 	1 	8.5*
2 	26 	José Froilán González	 	80 	+ 1:01.8 	5 	6.5*
3 	16 	Luigi Villoresi 	 	80 	+ 2:04.2 	2 	4
4 	10 	Giuseppe Farina 	 	80 	+ 2:11.4 	3 	3
5 	22 	Felice Bonetto 	 	79 	+ 1 Lap 	13 	2
6 	8 	André Simon 	 	79 	+ 1 Lap 	8 	
7 	14 	Piero Taruffi 	 	77 	+ 3 Laps 	6 	
8 	48 	Chico Landi 	 	76 	+ 4 Laps 	18 	
9 	40 	Ken Wharton 	 	76 	+ 4 Laps 	15 	
10 	62 	Louis Rosier 	 	75 	+ 5 Laps 	17 	
11 	50 	Eitel Cantoni 	 	75 	+ 5 Laps 	23 	
12 	30 	Dennis Poore 	 	74 	+ 6 Laps 	19 	
13 	36 	Eric Brandon 	 	73 	+ 7 Laps 	20 	
14 	2 	Robert Manzon 	 	71 	+ 9 Laps 	7 	
15 	38 	Alan Brown 	 	68 	+ 12 Laps 	21 	
Ret 	32 	Stirling Moss 	 	60 	Suspension 	9 	
Ret 	46 	Gino Bianco 	 	46 	Engine 	24 	
Ret 	6 	Jean Behra 	 	42 	Engine 	11 	
NC 	42 	Mike Hawthorn 	 	38 	+ 42 Laps 	12 	
Ret 	24 	Franco Rol 	 	24 	Engine 	16 	
Ret 	4 	Maurice Trintignant 	 	5 	Engine 	4 	
Ret 	28 	Kenneth McAlpine 	 	4 	Suspension 	22 	
Ret 	18 	Rudi Fischer 	 	3 	Engine 	14 	
Ret 	34 	Élie Bayol 	 	0 	Gearbox 	10 	
DNQ 	70 	Charles de Tornaco 	 	 	Did not qualify	— 	
DNQ 	58 	Alberto Crespo 	 	 	Did not qualify	— 	
DNQ 	60 	Toulo de Graffenried 	 	 	Did not qualify	— 	
DNQ 	54 	Peter Collins 	 	 	Did not qualify	— 	
DNQ 	68 	Peter Whitehead 	 	 	Did not qualify	— 	
DNQ 	56 	Tony Gaze 	 	 	Did not qualify	— 	
DNQ 	64 	Bill Aston 	 	 	Did not qualify	— 	
DNQ 	52 	Lance Macklin 	 	 	Did not qualify	— 	
DNQ 	20 	Hans Stuck 	 	 	Did not qualify	— 	
DNQ 	44 	Piero Dusio 	 	 	Did not qualify	— 	
DNQ 	66 	Johnny Claes 	 	 	Did not qualify	— 	
Source:	Source:	Source: 	Source: 	Source:	Source: 	Source:	Source:
;Notes
* * – Includes 0.5 points for shared fastest lap
==Milestones==
==Standings after race==
==External Links==
Category:Grand Prix articles
Category:Formula One races in Italy
Category:Grand Prix articles
Category:1952 Grands Prix
Category:Italian Grand Prix