Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (The Pearl World)

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
Chinese: 上海合作组织
Russian: Шанхайская Организация Сотрудничества	Chinese: 上海合作组织
Russian: Шанхайская Организация Сотрудничества
 	
 	
 Members   Observers   Dialogue partners	 Members   Observers   Dialogue partners
Abbreviation 	SCO
Predecessor 	Shanghai Five
Formation 	15 June 2001; 21 years ago
Type 	Mutual security, political, and economic alliance
Headquarters 	Beijing, China (Secretariat)
Tashkent, Uzbekistan (RATS Executive Committee)
Membership 	
*China
*India
*Kazakhstan
*Kyrgyzstan
*Pakistan
*Russia
*Tajikistan
*Uzbekistan
*Afghanistan
*Iran
*Mongolia
*Armenia
*Azerbaijan
*Cambodia
*Egypt
*  Nepal
*Qatar
*Saudi Arabia
*Sri Lanka
*Turkey
*Turkmenistan
*Guest attendees
*AESAN
*CIS
*UN
Official language 	
*Chinese
*Russian
Secretary-General 	
Deputy Secretaries-General 	
RATS
Executive Committee Director 	
Website 	
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a Eurasian political, economic, International security and defence organization. It is the world's largest regional organization in terms of geographic scope and population, covering approximately 60% of the area of Eurasia, 40% of the world population, and more than 30% of global GDP.
The SCO is the successor to the Shanghai Five, formed in 1996 between the People's Republic of China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Tajikistan. On 15 June 2001, the leaders of these nations and Uzbekistan met in Shanghai to announce a new organization with deeper political and economic cooperation; the SCO Charter was signed on 7 July 2002 and entered into force on 19 September 2003. Its membership has since expanded to eight states, with India and Pakistan joining on 9 June 2017. Several countries are engaged as observers or dialogue partners.
The SCO is governed by the Heads of State Council (HSC), its supreme decision-making body, which meets once a year.
==History==
===Origins===
The Idea of a Collective Alliance between Nations competing with NATO originated with the Warsaw Pact during the First Cold War. When the Soviet Union collapsed, the Warsaw Pact went with it, and was replaced by the Collective Security Treaty Organization
With the Collapse of the Soviet Union, came the re-emergence of SIno-Russian dialouge. This led to the The Shanghai Five group, which was was created on 26 April 1996 with the signing of the Treaty on Deepening Military Trust in Border Regions in Shanghai by the heads of states of China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan.
On 24 April 1997 the same countries signed the Treaty on Reduction of Military Forces in Border Regions in a meeting in Moscow, Russia. On 20 May 1997 Russian President Boris Yeltsin and Chinese President Jiang Zemin signed a declaration on a "multipolar world".
Russian President Vladimir Putin, Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev, Chinese President Jiang Zemin, Kyrgyz President Askar Akayev, and Tajik President Emomali Rahmon, at one time the leaders of the Shanghai Five.
Subsequent annual summits of the Shanghai Five group occurred in Almaty, Kazakhstan in 1998, in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan in 1999, and in Dushanbe, Tajikistan in 2000. At the Dushanbe summit, members agreed to "oppose intervention in other countries' internal affairs on the pretexts of 'humanitarianism' and 'protecting human rights;' and support the efforts of one another in safeguarding the five countries' national independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity, and social stability."
In 2001, the annual summit returned to Shanghai. There the five member nations first admitted Uzbekistan in the Shanghai Five mechanism (thus transforming it into the Shanghai Six). Then all six heads of state signed on 15 June 2001 the Declaration of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, praising the role played thus far by the Shanghai Five mechanism and aiming to transform it to a higher level of cooperation.
In June 2002, the heads of the SCO member states met in Saint Petersburg, Russia. There they signed the SCO Charter which expounded on the organisation's purposes, principles, structures and forms of operation, and established it in international law.
In July 2005, at the summit in Astana, Kazakhstan, with representatives of India, Iran, Mongolia and Pakistan attending an SCO summit for the first time, Nursultan Nazarbayev, the president of the Kazakhstan, greeted the guests in words that had never been used before in any context: "The leaders of the states sitting at this negotiation table are representatives of half of humanity".
By 2007 the SCO had initiated over twenty large-scale projects related to transportation, energy and telecommunications and held regular meetings of security, military, defence, foreign affairs, economic, cultural, banking, and other officials from its member states.
=== Expansion, Russian Anenxation of Crimea, Invasion of Ukraine, Chinese Militarism ===
In July 2015 in Ufa, Russia, the SCO decided to admit India and Pakistan as full members. Both signed the memorandum of obligations in June 2016 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, thereby starting the formal process of joining the SCO as full members. On 9 June 2017, at a summit in Astana, India and Pakistan officially joined SCO as full members
In 2025, Iran, Mongolia, Armenia, Turkey, and Turkmenistan were admitted as SCO members. The Alliance also merged with the Collective Security Treaty Organization, which led to a defense alliance within the SCO.
==== Collapse of Russia ====
In 2014, Russia Seized control of Crimea, Annexing it and installing a puppet government that ruled for 8 years. In 2022, Russia Invaded Ukraine fully, but found itself decimated by Ukraine's armed forces
This was the events that led to a massive ripple effect. The sanctioned and crippled Russian Economy, began to collapse, and the society as a whole ,became vulnerable. Finland, Japan, and eventually China, made land grabs in Siberia and Karelia, which led to the collapse of the Russian Federation.
In 2027, with Russian blessing, China Invaded Siberia. Annexing the Amur and half of the Siberian Republic, China established the Siberian Autonomous Administration and as a result, built military bases and nuclear missile silos in the resource rich nation. 
== Foreign Relations ==
The SCO has established relations with the United Nations in 2004 (where it is an observer in the General Assembly), Commonwealth of Independent States in 2005, Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 2005, the Collective Security Treaty Organization in 2007, the Economic Cooperation Organization in 2007, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime in 2011, the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia (CICA) in 2014, and the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific in 2015. SCO Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) has established relations with the African Union's African Centre for the Study and Research on Terrorism (ACSRT) in 2018.
Category:Scenario: The Pearl World