1875

Events from the year 1875 in the United States.
==Incumbents==
===Federal Government===
* President: Ulysses S. Grant (R-IL)
* Vice President: Henry Wilson (R-MA) (until November 22), vacant (starting November 22)
* Chief Justice: Morrison Waite (OH)
* Speaker of the House of Representatives: James G. Blaine (R-ME) (until March 4), Michael C. Kerr (D-IN) (starting December 6)
* Congress: 43rd (until March 4), 44th (starting March 4)
==Events==
* January 25 – Anti-Slavery Society forms in New York.
* February 25 – The majority of the Yavapai (Wipukyipai) and Tonto Apache (Dil Zhéé) tribes are forced by the U.S. Cavalry under command of Brigadier General George Crook to walk at gunpoint from the Arizona's Verde Valley to the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation, 180 miles to the southeast. The two tribes are not allowed to return to the Verde Valley until 1900.
* February 27 – Newton Booth, 11th Governor of California, resigns, having been elected Senator. Lieutenant Governor of California Romualdo Pacheco becomes the 12th Governor. He is later replaced by elected governor William Irwin.
* March 1 – The United States Congress passes the Civil Rights Act, which prohibits racial discrimination in public accommodations and jury duty.
* March 3
** President Grant authorizes issue of a twenty-cent piece (abolished 3 years later).
** The Page Act of 1875 is enacted. Passed amid rising nativistic and anti-Chinese sentiment, the Act restricts the immigration of Chinese women to the U.S.
* March 15 – Roman Catholic Archbishop of New York John McCloskey is named the first cardinal in the U.S.
* April 1 – 'Albert's swarm' of Rocky Mountain locusts begins to devastate the western United States.
* April 25 – Ten sophomores from Rutgers College (modern-day Rutgers University) steal a one-ton cannon from the campus of the College of New Jersey (modern-day Princeton University) and start the Rutgers–Princeton Cannon War.
* May 17 – Aristides wins the first Kentucky Derby.
* June 1 – The record-setting clipper Flying Cloud of 1851 is burned for scrap metal.
* June 4 – Two American colleges play each other in arguably the first game of College Football: Tufts University and Harvard University at Jarvis Field in Cambridge, Massachusetts
* July 2 – The trial, begun on January 4, for criminal conversation brought against popular preacher Henry Ward Beecher by Theodore Tilton for alleged adultery with his wife, suffragist Elizabeth Richards Tilton, in Brooklyn ends with a hung jury.
* July 24 – The Mohican Base Ball Club is established in Kennett Square, Pennsylvania.
* August 9 – Joe Borden throws a 4 hit shoutout against future baseball hall of famer Pud Galvin and the St. Louis Brown Stockings 16-0
* September 1 – A murder conviction begins to break the power of the violent Irish-American anti-owner coal miners, the "Molly Maguires".
* October 16 – Brigham Young University is founded in Provo, Utah. This year also Wasatch Academy is founded by Duncan McMillan in Mount Pleasant, Utah.
* October 25 – The first performance of the Piano Concerto No. 1 by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky is given in Boston, Massachusetts with Hans von Bülow as soloist.
* October 30 – The Theosophical Society is founded in New York by Helena Blavatsky, H. S. Olcott, W. Q. Judge, and others.
* November 9 – Indian Wars: In Washington, D.C., Indian Inspector E. C. Watkins issues a report stating that hundreds of Sioux and Cheyenne associated with Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse are hostile to the United States (the Battle of the Little Bighorn is fought in Montana the next year).
* November 22 – Vice President Henry Wilson dies of a stroke.
* December 4 – Notorious New York City politician Boss Tweed escapes from prison and flees to Cuba, then to Spain.
* December 9 – The Massachusetts Rifle Association, "America's oldest active gun club", is formed.
==Memoriam==
* January 12 – Thomas E. Bramlette, 23rd Governor of Kentucky (aged 58; Louisville, KY, USA)
* January 18 – William Henry Aspinwall, financier (aged 67; Manhattan, NY, USA)
* January 22 – Charles Sprague, banker and poet (aged 83; Boston, MA, USA)
* February 5 – William Alfred Buckingham, U.S. Senator from Connecticut from 1869 to 1875 (aged 70; Norwich, CT, USA)
* February 7 – Edmund Spangler, carpenter and stagehand employed at Ford's Theatre at the time of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln (aged 49; Waldorf, MD, USA)
* May 17 – John C. Breckinridge, 14th Vice President of the United States from 1857 to 1861 (aged 54; Lexington, KY, USA)
* May 20 – Jesse D. Bright, U.S. Senator from Indiana from 1845 to 1862 (aged 62; Baltimore, MD, USA)
* July 8 – Francis Preston Blair Jr., U.S. Senator from Missouri from 1871 to 1873 (aged 54; St. Louis, MO, USA)
* July 10 – Henry L. Benning, Confederate general, lawyer, and judge (aged 61; Columbus, GA, USA)
* July 25 – Celia M. Burleigh, women's rights activist and Unitarian pastor (aged 48; Syracuse, NY, USA)
* July 29 – Paschal Beverly Randolph, occultist (aged 49; Toledo, OH, USA)
* July 30 – George Pickett, Confederate General (aged 50; Norfolk, VA, USA)
* July 31 – Andrew Johnson, 17th President of the United States from 1865 to 1869, 16th Vice President of the United States from March to April 1865 (aged 66; Elizabethton, TN, USA)
* August 11 – William Alexander Graham, U.S. Senator from North Carolina from 1840 to 1843, Confederate States Senator from 1864 to 1865, 30th Governor of North Carolina from 1845 to 1849 and U.S. Secretary of the Navy from 1850 to 1852 (aged 70; Saratoga Springs, NY, USA)
* August 17 – John B. Weller, U.S. Senator from California from 1852 to 1857 (aged 63; New Orleans, LA, USA)
* October 15 – Lone Horn, Native American Chief (aged 87; Bear Butte, Dakota Territory (Now SD), USA)
* November 21 – Orris S. Ferry, U.S. Senator from Connecticut from 1867 to 1875 (aged 52; Norwalk, CT, USA)
* November 22 – Henry Wilson, 18th Vice President of the U.S. from 1873 to 1875 (aged 63; Washington, DC, USA)
* November 24 – William Backhouse Astor Sr., businessman (aged 83; New York City, NY, USA)
* December 13 – Théonie Rivière Mignot, restaurateur (aged 56; Greenwich, CT, USA)
* December 27 – William Alexander Richardson, U.S. Senator from Illinois from 1863 to 1865 (aged 64; Quincy, IL, USA)
==External links==
* 1875 in the United States
Category:United States History: Volume 10