Ruskan Language

Ruskan, also known as Neo-Menaphite, is a revived language derived from the tongue of the ancient people of pre-Huitcan western Ummarnu, particularly surrounding what is now the Gulf of Shelby. It is one of the most commonly spoken languages in the Lordship of Ruska, second only to Traveller's Tongue, and serves as a minority language in nearby regions.
== Letters ==
There are 44 letters in the Ruskan alphabet, although some are considered "unused" in the primarily dialect from Menaphos (Ummarnu). Acute accents may also be placed on these letters, but they are not considered separate characters. The characters are represented in their own alphabet, but within this wiki will be spelled using the Latin script, except in images of the conlang, which use the Ruskan alphabet.
Ruskan Phonetics
Vowels 	A	Ā	E	Ē	I	Ī	O	Ō	U	Ū	A(R)	Ā(R)	I(R)	Ō(R)	U(R)	ŌW	ŌY	OO	ŌŌ 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consonants	B	D	F	G	H	J	K	L	M	N	P 	R 	S 	T 	V 	W 	Y 	Z 	Č(H)	Š(H)	Ž(H)	NG	θ	ð	WH
== Basic Rules ==
=== Phonemes and Characters ===
Letters in the Ruskan language typically use the same structure as the 44 Phonemes table, which English uses, except that "Ī" can make the "Ē" sound in addition to its own, depending on its usage (Ī is more common in the Menaphite dialect, whereas Ē is more common in the northern dialects). "Y" does not (usually) make the "Ē" or "Ī" sound, only its own consonant sound (although this is occasionally broken). Notice: There are no symbols for the letters C, Q, or X. Instead, (when referring to certain proper nouns from other languages that must be transcribed), they are spelled as K/S, KW/KY, and KS. Double letters are extremely uncommon, if even used at all.
Ruskan words are pronounced as written and spelled as they sound. This means that the confusing spelling rules used in English are not included (such as "ee", "a_e", and the infamous "I before E, except after C..." Except when your foreign neighbor Keith receives eight counterfeit beige sleighs from feisty caffeinated weightlifters... weird.)
Names and proper nouns from other languages are sometimes difficult to transcribe into Ruskan, such as if the word contains a letter that doesn't exist in Ruskan, or if the letters are formed in such a way that does not make sense with Ruskan spelling or grammar. Example: Froby Von Aqule would be Frōbī Von Akyūl in Menaphite, but northerners might tend to call him Frobē Von Akyōōl, as the o/ō sound is often confused in his first name, and the "Ī" and "Ē" sounds are used differently.
For possessive terms, instead of adding an -'s at the end of a name or pronoun such as in English, it would be "[noun] of [person]" (e.g. "Vívlī tóū Belōrin). There is also no pronoun differences such as He VS Him, or She VS Her, as well as any other pronoun. He and Him would be the same word, etc.
Present tense verbs are used differently than English. This means that the terms "(to) chase", "chases", and "chasing" are all the same word, as with other verbs. For past tense verbs, there is a suffix: "-ōt". As opposed to saying "will chase", future tense words have their own suffix: "-yī". Because of the differences of present tense, the word for "is" (and "are") would be used less common. For example, "The person is throwing the ball" would be replaced with "The person throws the ball". However, "The ball is on the table" would remain the same.
=== Prefixes and Suffixes ===
When a word is pluralized, it ends with the suffix "-āe" similarly to Latin. Another example is in the form of "pertaining to ___" in which case it will end with "-īl". "One who ___s" is "-ōr". For adverbs, such as "quickly", "annoyingly", "always", and "here", one is to add the suffix "-ūí" to the base words (if it has one). If there is no base word (such as the last two examples), it is typically its own word.
== Names ==
Names in Ruskan
English Name (M)	Ruskan Version (M)	English Name (F)	Ruskan Verson (F)
James 	Jāms 	Mary 	Marī
Robert 	Roburt 	Patricia 	Patríša
John 	Jon 	Jennifer 	Jénifur
Michael 	Mīkel 	Linda 	Línda
David 	Dāvid 	Elizabeth 	Elísabeth (θ)
== Nouns ==
=== Animals ===
Animals in Ruskan
Word 	Translation
Āvi'tōrī 	Bird
Álgīra 	Horse
Būrū 	Bull
Dōmžūta 	Pig
Farūmī 	Rat
Gát 	Cat
Kōpīnū 	Dog
Lykōs 	Wolf
Pīsárna 	Fish
Rúsk'tōrī 	Barn Owl
Tānganthrō (θ)	Human
Ūšhináda 	Cow
=== Tools, Weapons, Equipment, and Supplies ===
Tools, Weapons, Equipment, and Supplies
Word 	Translation
Aspídō 	Shield
Čhártzū 	Map
Endímasō 	Clothes
Krīmatōnī 	Money
Óplūkī 	Weapon
Panōplítū 	Armor
Spartharī (θ)	Sword
=== Food and Drink ===
Food and Drink
Word 	Translation
Alkōrū 	Alcohol
Ekōmí 	Bread
Karpsū 	Fruit
Lačhasaī	Vegetable
Ōv 	Egg
Pīkawa 	Bitter
Pōtónū 	Beverage
Trofínō 	Food
=== Body Parts ===
Body Parts
Word 	Translation
Auftí 	Ear
Frōkafama 	Forehead
Kafama 	Head
Kamīg 	Stomach
Kūbōs 	Neck
Māhr 	Hair
Nāz 	Nose
Ōyímāhr 	Eyebrow
Ōyín 	Eye
Ómū 	Shoulder
Stígōthō (θ)	Chest
Vōkō 	Mouth
=== Documents ===
Documents
Word 	Translation
Dalīgós 	Guidebook
Vívlī 	Book
Kanvívlī	Constitution
=== Professions ===
Professions
Word 	Translation
Agrīōr 	Farmer
Čhártzōr 	Cartographer
Endímasōr	Tailor
Frūgádōr 	Guard
Kīvérfōr 	Governor
Pōtónōr 	Brewer
Stólōr 	Navy Officer
Vívlōr 	Librarian
=== Family ===
=== Environment ===
Environment
Word 	Translation
Āímačhītō 	Blood
Agrīyā 	Field
Ārī 	Air
Arkítō 	North (Pole)
Asígin 	Silver
Astrōšhī 	Star
Āvitōrī 	Bird
Bambū 	Bamboo
Drō 	Tree
Emīra 	Day
Krīsō 	Gold
Kósjīō 	World
Lūnūkī 	Moon
Nīrzū 	Water
Nīsíma 	Island
Nyktōrū 	Night
Pūwáī 	Flower
Téī 	Mountain
Thálasūmī (θ)	Sea
Thánšhī (θ) 	Death
Zól 	Sun
== Pronouns ==
Pronouns
Word 	Translation
Aftó 	He/Him
Aftí 	She/Her
Aftōí	They/Them (Plural)
Afté 	They/Them (Gender)
Tōsō 	It
== Verbs ==
=== Action ===
"Action" Verbs
Word 	Translation
Āpóstū 	Distill
Énzīyka 	Ferment
Kalīdatsū	Grow
Kōrōdékū 	Mock
Simetákō 	Join
Taksīókō 	Travel
Yūnitó 	Chase
 	
 	
=== Linking ===
== Adjectives ==
== Interjections, Articles, Prepositions, and More ==
=== Articles ===
Articles
	
	
	
	
Category:Traveler's Era