JNR Class EF65

The JNR Class EF65 is a Japanese DC electric locomotive operated by the Japanese National Railways and its successor companies since 1965.
==History==
The EF65 was developed as a replacement for the previous EF60 locomotives, which were used to haul fast freight trains on flat lines. A total of 308 locomotives were built, the largest quantity of electric locomotives built for the JNR at that point. Mainly used to haul freight trains, they were also used to haul the famed Blue Train sleeper train services until they were discontinued in 2015.
When the Japanese National Railways was privatized and split into seven different companies in 1987, JR East, Central, West and Freight took ownership of the locomotives; only JR Freight operates EF65s as of 2021. Despite its age, the EF65 remains a mainstay of the Japan Railways network and can often be seen hauling freight trains. The existing locomotives have been undergoing numerous modifications to keep them up to date.
==Design==
The EF65s featured large box-shaped bodies with circular headlights mounted on the top of the cars.
==Specifications==
The EF65s used a nose suspension drive as opposed to the Quill drive of more recent locomotives; the use of the nose suspension drive was due to maintenance problems involving the Quill drive, so all locomotives after the earlier EF70 would use the nose suspension drive. This however came at the cost of keeping the rated rotation speed of the traction motors low. MT52 traction motors are used on the locomotives.
==Preservation==
The following Class EF65 locomotives have been preserved:
Number 	Manufacturer 	Equipment manufacturer	Date manufactured	Date retired 	Location 	Notes
EF65 1 	Kawasaki Heavy Industries	Kawasaki Denki 	14 January 1965 	2 March 1987 	Kyoto Railway Museum, Kyoto, Japan 	Prototype locomotive; displayed under shelter
EF65 520 	Toshiba 	Toshiba 	3 March 1966 	15 March 2002 	Usui Pass Railway Heritage Park, Gunma, Japan 	Displayed outdoors
EF65 535 	Toshiba 	Toshiba 	28 March 1967 	31 March 2013 	Toshiba Fuchū Plant, Tokyo, Japan 	Ex-EF65 77, stored on siding next to ED31 3; can be seen from Musashino Line
EF65 1001	Kisha Seizō 	Tōyō Denki 	15 October 1969 	2008 	JR Freight Central Training Center, Tokyo, Japan	Remains on JR Freight register, used for training purposes; not open for public viewing
EF65 529 	Nippon Sharyo 	Fuji Electric 	24 March 1966 	15 June 1993 	JR Freight Central Training Center, Tokyo, Japan	Cab only, used for training purposes; not open for public viewing
EF65 536 	Kisha Seizō 	Tōyō Denki 	24 March 1967 	2 December 1998	Kato Sekisui Factory, Saitama, Japan 	Ex-EF65 78, cab only; not open for public viewing
EF65 539 	Kawasaki Heavy Industries	Kawasaki Denki 	29 July 1968 	30 March 2005 	Gunma, Japan 	Ex-EF65 81, front portion only; privately owned, exact location unknown
The following Class EF65 locomotives were preserved in the past but have since been scrapped:
Number 	Manufacturer 	Equipment manufacturer	Date manufactured	Date retired 	Last location 	Notes
EF65 5 	Kawasaki Heavy Industries	Kawasaki Denki 	6 February 1965 	25 January 1994 	JR Freight Central Training Center, Tokyo, Japan 	Scrapped circa 1990s
EF65 33 	Toshiba 	Toshiba 	28 May 1965 	10 February 1987	Yaizu Station, Shizuoka, Japan 	Acted as Beer Station Yaizu beer joint; scrapped 1998
EF65 59 	Toshiba 	Toshiba 	16 November 1965 	2 December 1998 	Ōmiya General Rolling Stock Center, Saitama, Japan	Scrapped circa 2000s
EF65 65 	Kisha Seizō 	Tōyō Denki 	6 December 1965 	5 February 1987 	JR Central Hamamatsu Works, Hamamatsu, Japan 	Last reliably seen 1988, presumed scrapped
EF65 110	Kisha Seizō 	Tōyō Denki 	2 October 1969 	31 March 1998 	JR Central Hamamatsu Works, Hamamatsu, Japan 	Last reliably seen 1999, presumed scrapped
EF65 112	Nippon Sharyo 	Fuji Electric 	2 October 1969 	3 December 2007 	JR Central Hamamatsu Works, Hamamatsu, Japan 	Scrapped December 2007
EF65 75 	Nippon Sharyo 	Fuji Electric 	12 August 1966 	24 December 2003	Hiroshima Rolling Stock Depot, Hiroshima, Japan 	Scrapped end-December 2003
==Gallery==
File:JNR EF65 520 2020.jpg
File:JNR EF65 1 2023.jpg
Category:JR Group trains
Category:Electric locomotives
Category:B-B-B locomotives
Category:Narrow-gauge
Category:Narrow-gauge locomotives
Category:Kawasaki locomotives
Category:Kisha Seizō locomotives
Category:Nippon Sharyo locomotives
Category:Toshiba locomotives
Category:Japanese locomotives