Bulgaria

In Brazilian's Varna series, the history of Bulgaria was long but not complex, as most of the territory populated by Bulgars went through the same trials and tribulations despite separation and reunification.
The history of Bulgaria began when the Bulgarians rose up during the Crusade of Varna, after Poland's victory over the Ottomans at the First Battle of Varna. The Tsardom of Bulgaria was released from the Ottoman Empire through the Treaty of Constantinople. Bulgaria spent 33 years at peace before going to war with Serbia in late 1480, who was distracted. However, a year later, Bulgaria soon found themselves sandwiched between the invading armies of Wallachia and Byzantium, as the southwest of Bulgaria saw the chaos of a Macedonian revolution. By late 1483, just as the Bulgarians took the Serbian capital, Beograd, their own capital, Sofia, was stormed by the Wallachians, and Bulgaria was thus divided in the Treaty of Niš.
The new states of Varna and Tarnovo did not engage in any conflict until the Great Mediterranean War broke out. It was revealed that Varna had at some point signed a secret agreement with the Mamluk Caliphate, and when the Mamluks reached Adrianople (Edirne, European Türkiye), Varna immediately declared war on Tarnovo. The latter was unprepared, Varna's invading army reached the city of Tarnovo in only two weeks. May 1512 ended with the reunification of Bulgaria.
The "fabled Third Bulgarian Empire" was now a reality, and they began their advancements, aiding the Mamluks in capturing the rest of eastern Thrace. When Wallachia began invading Bulgaria from the north, the offensive on Constantinople was slowed down, as Bulgaria refocussed their efforts on their own homeland. However, Wallachia failed to take Sofia due to a Serbo-Bosnian intervention, once again due to a secret agreement with the Mamluks. The Wallachians were quickly routed and chased all the way back to Targoviste, where they surrendered. In the Treaty of Targoviste, Bulgaria took Ruse and southern Dobruja, and when the League of Cairo which was formed two weeks later, Wallachia was forced to jointhe alliance alongside Bulgaria, Serbia and Bosnia. Going into 1513, Bulgaria sent reinforcements to help Serbia push the Venetians out of Niš, as well as continuing the offensive on Constantinople, which fell quickly. Those forces were soon sent back to the northern front when Poland joined the war against the League of Cairo. Wallachia and Bulgaria invaded Moldavia together, and Bulgaria seized northern Dobruja. Then when October saw the fall of Serbia, Bulgaria and Bosnia established a joint vassal, the Principality of Niš. Bulgaria also won the Battle of Visoko in January 1514, practically single-handed, and relieved the siege of Bosnia's capital, Sarajevo. Throughout 1514, Bulgaria occupied northern Greece, as the Mamluks were focused on a new front in Italy. Then when the Mamluks failed to take Venezia, they were forced to return to the Balkans in the spring of 1515, so the offensive on Athens was launched, but this also failed. After Bosnia's surrender, Bulgarian forces were pushed out of Niš, and a new Polish-Hungarian offensive on Sofia was underway. The city was soon captured, and Bulgaria was soon faced with an invading Polish army from the north which seized Constanta and Tarnovo. The city of Varna was now under threat from the west and north. Bulgaria made their last stand at the Second Battle of Varna, which resulted in their defeat.
From December 1515 onwards, Bulgaria experienced no border changes, but came under Polish occupation. In March 1518, the Bulgarians rose up against the Poles, who swiftly defeated them with Hungarian and Anatolian help. The Italic Union agreed to mediate the Treaty of Varna, which determined the new Balkan borders. Divided once again, the two Bulgarian principalities of Sofia and Tarnovo once again avoided conflict for 35 years. Throughout that time they also rejected Wallachian proposals to form an alliance, but were forced to reconsider in 1553 when news spread of the collapse of Nerasid Persia. Therefore the Balkan League was formed in Bucharest in March.
The Balkan League marched into battle on November 4th, 1567, to take on Royal Hungary alongside the Italic Union. The League saw victory and they left the war in 1569. Sofia and Tarnovo did not gain any territory.
Category:Varna Countries