EMD SD40

The EMD SD40 is an American 6-axle diesel-electric locomotive built by General Motors Electro-Motive Division between January 1966 and August 1972. 1,268 locomotives were built between 1966 and 1972. In 1972, an improved version with new electronics was developed and marketed as a new locomotive, the SD40-2.
==Design==
Like its predecessor in EMD's catalog, the SD35, the SD40 is a high-horsepower, six-axle freight locomotive. The SD40 is a member of EMD's long-running Special Duty class of locomotives, which all are built with 6 axles.
In 1966, EMD updated its locomotive catalog with entirely new models, all powered by the new 645 diesel engine. These included six-axle models SD38, SD40, SDP40 and SD45. All shared standardized components, including the frame, cab, generator, trucks, traction motors, and air brakes. The primary difference was the power output: SD38 = 2,000 hp (1,490 kW) from a non-turbocharged V16, SD40 = 3,000 hp (2,240 kW) from a turbocharged V16, and SD45 = 3,600 hp (2,680 kW) from a turbocharged V20.
==Original owners==
856 examples of this locomotive model were built for American railroads, 330 were built for Canadian railroads, 72 were built for Mexican railroads, 6 were built for the Guinea-Boke Project, and 4 SD40Ms riding on 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) gauge trucks were exported to Brazil. They were manufactured at McCook, Illinois.
Built 	Serial 	Phase 	Railroad	Road numbers	Quantity	Notes
6/66 	31766 	Ia2 	ASAB 	506 	1 	No d/b
3/66-5/66 	32036-32055 	 	ATSF 	1700–1719 	20 	1708/5008 preserved
10/71-11/71	5801-1 - 5801-25	IIc 	BN 	6300-6324 	25 	
5/67 	33161-33173 	Ic 	B&O 	7482-7494 	13 	Drop grabs on nose, 7482–7490 to CNJ
4/69 	34775-34778 	IIb_ 	B&O 	7497-7500 	4 	
8/66-9/66 	32092-32100 	Ia2 	CGW 	401-409 	9 	
1/66-2/66 	31263-31282 	Ia1 	CNW 	867-886 	20 	No d/b, 867 first SD40 built
4/66 	31760-31765 	Ia2 	CNW 	887-892 	6 	No d/b
9/66 	32314 	Ia2 	CNW 	893 	1 	No d/b
2/67 	32686-32688 	Ib2 	CNW 	894-896 	3 	No d/b
7/66-8/66 	31929-31948 	Ia2 	C&O 	7450-7469 	20 	
5/67 	33154-33160 	Ic 	C&O 	7475-7481 	7 	Drop grabs on nose
4/69 	34779-34784 	IIb_ 	C&O 	7501-7506 	6 	
6/70 	36696-36705 	IIb2 	C&O 	7507-7516 	10 	
7/70 	36746-36755 	IIb2 	C&O 	7517-7526 	10 	
3/71 	37204-37213 	IIc 	C&O 	7527-7536 	10 	
10/67 	33516-33519 	IIa2 	C&S 	875-878 	4 	To Burlington Northern Same numbers.
4/68 	33918-33926 	IIb1 	C&S 	879-887 	9 	To Burlington Northern Same numbers. 879 to BNSF.
9/66 	32141-32148 	Ia2 	CRR 	3000-3007 	8 	
9/68 	34177 	IIb_ 	CRR 	3008 	1 	
9/68 	34742-34747 	IIb_ 	CRR 	3009-3014 	6 	
6/71 	37417-37422 	IIc 	CRR 	3015-3020 	6 	
6/71 	37538-37541 	IIc 	CRR 	3021-3024 	4 	
4/70 	36124-36129 	IIb2 	DE 	001-006 	6 	Numbers out of sequence
7/72 	5817-1 - 5817-2 	III 	DE 	013-014 	2 	
7/72 	5818-1 - 5818-3 	III 	DE 	015-017 	3 	
6/66 	31799 	Ia2 	GM 	10 	1 	No d/b
2/66 	31007-31018 	Ia1 	GM&O 	901-912 	12 	
9/66 	32161-32169 	Ia2 	GM&O 	913-921 	9 	
8/69 	35184-35195 	IIb_ 	GTW 	5900-5911 	12 	No d/b
1/70 	35831-35839 	IIb2 	GTW 	5912-5920 	9 	
9/70 	36887-36895 	IIb2 	GTW 	5921-5929 	9 	No d/b
12/67 	33244-33249 	IIa2 	IC 	6000-6005 	6 	No d/b
8/69 	34939-34951 	IIb_ 	IC 	6006-6018 	13 	SD40A: 70 ft 8 in (21.54 m) frame,
5,000-US-gallon (19,000 l; 4,200 imp gal) fuel tank
1/70 	35685-35689 	IIb2 	IC 	6019-6023 	5 	SD40A: 70 ft 8 in (21.54 m) frame,
5,000-US-gallon (19,000 l; 4,200 imp gal) fuel tank
10/66-11/66	32101-32114 	Ib1 	KCS 	600-613 	14 	Some equipped with Locotrol
8/68 	33958-33965 	IIb_ 	KCS 	614-621 	8 	Some equipped with Locotrol
6/70 	35493-35498 	IIb2 	KCS 	622-627 	6 	Some equipped with Locotrol, numbers out of sequence
3/71 	35840-35847 	IIc 	KCS 	628-635 	8 	Some equipped with Locotrol
3/71 	38363 	IIc 	KCS 	636 	1 	
6/66-9/66 	32088-32091 	Ia2 	L&N 	1225–1228 	4 	
4/69 	34758-34762 	IIb_ 	L&N 	1229–1233 	5 	
4/70 	35948-35952 	IIb2 	L&N 	1234–1238 	5 	
8/70-9/70 	36809-36818 	IIb2 	L&N 	1239–1248 	10 	
5/71 	38203-38212 	IIc 	L&N 	1249–1258 	10 	
1/68-2/68 	33771-33784 	IIb1 	MP 	720-733 	14 	No d/b
2/69 	34504-34523 	IIb_ 	MP 	734-753 	20 	No d/b
1/70 	35725-35740 	IIb2 	MP 	754-769 	16 	No d/b
3/71-4/71 	37543-37562 	IIc 	MP 	770-789 	20 	No d/b
3/67-4/67 	32968-32987 	Ib2 	MP 	700-719 	20 	No d/b
5/66-6/66 	31899-31928 	Ia2 	NW 	1580–1609 	30 	High short hood
5/71 	35605-35619 	IIc 	NW 	1610–1624 	15 	High short hood
12/70-1/71 	36896-36926 	IIb2 	PC 	6240-6270 	31 	
1/71-2/71 	36997-37010 	IIb2 	PC 	6271-6284 	14 	To Conrail same numbers; Various units wrecked and retired
2/66-3/66 	31285-31349 	Ia12,Ia2	PRR 	6040-6104 	65 	To Penn Central same numbers.
4/69-5/69 	34889-34898 	IIb_ 	SOO 	736-745 	10 	No d/b
3/70 	36099-36102 	IIb2 	SOO 	746-749 	4 	No d/b
5/71 	37425-37431 	IIc 	SOO 	750-756 	7 	No d/b
4/71 	37355-37370 	IIc 	SOU 	3170-3185 	16 	High short hood; To Norfolk Southern same numbers
12/71-1/72 	7375-1 - 7375-15	III 	SOU 	3186-3200 	15 	High short hood: To Norfolk Southern same numbers
1/66-5/66 	31491-31569 	Ia1,Ia2 	SP 	8400-8478 	79 	Numbers out of sequence
4/68-6/68 	33671-33680 	IIb_ 	SP 	8479-8488 	10 	
10/66-12/66	32400-32434 	Ib1 	UP 	3048-3082 	35 	
4/66 	31414-31438 	Ia2 	UP 	3000-3024 	25 	
4/66 	31575-31589 	Ia2 	UP 	3025-3039 	15 	
8/71-9/71 	37639-37653 	IIc 	UP 	3083-3097 	15 	
9/71-10/71 	37904-37928 	IIc 	UP 	3098-3122 	25 	
8/66 	32134-32138 	Ia2 	WM 	7470-7474 	5 	
11/68 	34104-34105 	IIb_ 	WM 	7495-7496 	2 	
7/69 	34967-34971 	IIb_ 	WM 	7445-7449 	5 	
Built by GMD at London, Ontario
Built 	Serial 	Phase	Railroad	Road numbers	Quantity	Notes
10/71 	A2561-A2563	 	AC 	180-182 	3 	
9/67 	A2246-A2253	 	CN 	5000-5007 	8 	
10/67-12/68	A2260-A2327	 	CN 	5008-5075 	68 	No d/b . 5062 destroyed in the 1986 Hinton train collision .
2/69-11/69 	A2335-A2369	 	CN 	5076-5110 	35 	No d/b . 5104 destroyed in the 1986 Hinton train collision .
11/69-12/69	A2370-A2391	 	CN 	5111-5132 	22 	
12/69-4/71 	A2392-A2434	 	CN 	5133-5175 	43 	No d/b
4/71-11/71 	A2493-A2542	 	CN 	5176-5225 	50 	No d/b
11/71-12/71	A2588-A2602	 	CN 	5226-5240 	15 	No d/b
7/66 	A2133-A2164	Ia2 	CP 	5500-5531 	32 	Nose brakewheel
12/66 	A2177-A2209	 	CP 	5532-5564 	33 	
7/68 	A2328-A2333	 	QNSL 	200-205 	6 	
6/71 	A2543-A2557	 	QNSL 	206-220 	15 	
Mexican SD40's Built by EMD at McCook, Illinois or GMD at London, Ontario
Built	Serial 	Phase	Railroad	Road numbers	Quantity	Notes
4/67 	32228-32231	 	RFFSA 	3701-3704 	4 	Brazil, 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) Broad gauge
5/68 	33385-33403	 	NdeM 	8503-8521 	19 	
3/68 	33895-33897	 	NdeM 	8500-8502 	3 	
12/71	38893-38932	III 	NdeM 	8536-8575 	40 	
8/72 	37894-37899	 	BOKE 	101-106 	6 	Companie de Bauxite du Guinea
1/72 	A2603-A2612	 	NdeM 	8576-8585 	10 	Low-nose headlight, bell between number boards
Phases are as listed by Robert Sarberenyi.
==Derivatives and Experimental==
The very first test bed SD40, EMD 434, constructed on an SD35 frame in July 1964 was in active service until retired by Canadian National Railway in March 2009 and donated to the Monticello Railway Museum in July 2009, albeit having been upgraded to an "SD40-2R", as Illinois Central 6071.
18 customized SD40s were built for the Illinois Central Railroad as model SD40A, using the longer SDP45 frame, which allowed for a larger 5,000 gallon fuel tank.
Versions of the SD40 modified for the Australian loading gauge were sold to WAGR and Victorian Railways as their L and C classes respectively.
The SD40 was succeeded by an upgraded Dash 2 version called the SD40-2.
==SD40 rebuilds==
After having been succeeded by the more modern SD40-2, a large number of SD40 have been upgraded with more modern equipment. The main difference between rebuilt SD40 and genuine SD40-2 is that the latter use a longer frame and has longer front and rear porches, while the rebuilt SD40 have a shorter frame.
A common product of rebuilding SD40s, and sometimes SD40-2s, is an SD40-3. The major addition denotes that the rebuilt unit or units as an SD40-3 is the addition of a micro-processor, and sometimes other modern components. The usual reasons for installing a micro-processor are improved traction control, and better fuel economy (via better injection control). Also, electronic control over braking systems (independent and automatic). This may include some SD39, SD45 and SD45-2 rebuilt to SD40-2 standards.
The SD40R is a rebuilt of all the Southern Pacific's SD40 between 1980 and 1981.
30 SD40 units have been rebuilt as SD40M-2 by Morrison Knudsen for Southern Pacific, alongside 97 SD45s and 6 SDP45s.
The SD40-2XR designates 15 SD40 and a SDP40 rebuilt to Dash-2 standards for Montana Rail Link.
The SD40E is an SD50 rebuilt by the Norfolk Southern Railway and derated to 3000 HP (equivalent to an SD40-2).
===SD40-series production timeline===
* EMD SD40/Timeline
==Preservation==
Santa Fe #5008 (built 1966 as ATSF 1708) is preserved at the Walt Disney Hometown Museum in Marceline, Missouri.
Canadian Pacific SD40 #5500 is preserved at the Revelstoke Railway Museum in Revelstoke, BC. It was CP's first SD40, built in 1966 at GMD's London plant and was retired in 2001. The unit was donated to the museum in 2007. Plans are being made to restore the locomotive to its original look as it was when ordered, including a repaint into its original grey/tuscan red paint scheme, known as the Canadian Pacific "Script".
Ex-Canadian National SD40 #5232 (built November 1971) has been purchased by The Vintage Locomotive Society on January 10, 2015, from Cando and the Central Manitoba Railway. It is being used for revenue service by Prairie Rail Solutions, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Society. The unit has been repainted completely black, with Prairie Rail Solutions lettering and logos. It is VLSX 5232.
Illinois Central SD40-2R #6071, the first SD40 built, is preserved at the Monticello Railway Museum in Monticello, Illinois. It was originally EMD demonstrator #434. It was sold to the Gulf Mobile & Ohio and it became GM&O #950. The GM&O was later merged into the Illinois Central Railroad and became Illinois Central Gulf #6071, then later rebuilt into an SD40-2R for the IC. It was donated March 11, 2009. The engine is fully functional, however it needs new traction motors if it were to operate again.
Chesapeake and Ohio 7534 has been donated by CSX Transportation to the C&O Historical Society in Clifton Forge, Virginia. This engine is well known in the railroad enthusiast community as it ran on CSX right up to the late-2000s still wearing some of it original C&O paint and lettering, and was the very last SD40 on CSX's roster. The engine was meant to used on the Buckingham Branch Railroad, which also operates out of Clifton Forge, however the unit spends quite a bit of time at the Historical Society's museum.
In mid December, 2014, it was revealed that Norfolk Southern had set aside two SD40 units, that were retired in 2007, for preservation:
*NS SD40 #1580, built as Norfolk and Western #1580, the first SD40 built for the N&W. On 3/8/24, it left the Norfolk Southern Juanita Shops & is heading to Chattanooga, TN for possibly a repaint & donated 
*NS SD40 #3170, built as Southern #3170, the first SD40 bought by the Southern. It was restored to operating condition at the Juniata Shops in Altoona, Pennsylvania, and then sent to the NS Paint shops at the Debutts Yard in Chattanooga, Tennessee, where it made its public debut February 27, 2015. It operated on the NS Coastal Division. On May 18, 2016, it was donated to the Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum by Norfolk Southern.
==See also==
*Gallery
*List of GM-EMD locomotives
*List of GMD Locomotives
==References==
*Sarberenyi, Robert. EMD SD40, SD40A, and SDP40 Original Owners. Retrieved on December 19, 2009
*Eck, H. C., The Modern Locomotive Handbook, 1977
*Service Department (1966). SD40 - SDP40 Operator's Manual. La Grange, IL: Electro-Motive Division of General Motors Corporation
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