Rasatmos

Rasatmos is the 9th and outermost planet of the Rasatmos system, orbiting a G9.1 Main-sequence star that is located in the Large Magellanic Cloud, is 2 million kilometers across and with nearly equal mass, but around 1200K cooler and just 61% as bright as the Sun from an average distance of 17.89 AU, meaning it only receives ~0.19% of the light that Earth does, compared to Titan's ~1.09%. It posesses a very short atmosphere with a height of only 13.20 kilometers, so despite having a surface presssure of 44 atmospheres the topography spans all types of pressures ranging from dozens of atmospheres at the coast to hundredths at the highest plains and much less at mountaintops, providing an enormous breadth of biospheres and landing sites for local life (including sapient inhabitants) and tourists.
==Etymology ==
Rasatmos (The IAU-esque Greco-Roman & Terran name for this planet, locals call it many other things) comes from Latin rasus mening shallow and Greek atmós meaning Steam, in reference to it's atmosphere.
== Geography==
===Terrain===
Rasatmos-heightmap.png|Heightmap of Rasatmos
Rasatmos-coastline.png|Lakes, Rivers and Seas
Rasatmos has a highly diverse geography but the 6 major categories of terrain are: 
*Crater oceans, 4 kilometers deep and mostly circular, sometimes containing a volcanic island at their centers
*Shallow oceans, up to one kilometer deep
*Shallow land and basins, over 10 atmospheres of pressure and under 2 kilometers of altitude , frequently features rivers and lakes at the bottom
*Midlands, ranging from 10 to 4 atmospheres and 2 to 3 kilometers of altitude
*Highlands, ranging from 4 atmospheres to under 0.1 and 3 to over 5 kilometers of Altitude, almost always surround crater oceans
*Mountains, come in multiple types but are usually at least 3 kilometers higher than the surrounding terrain and can reach over 10 kilometers above sea level and experience pressures beneath 1 pascal (10-5 atmospheres). Unbelievably, these peaks often have life in them despite these conditions.
====Lowlands====
The Lowlands are the warmest section of Rasatmos at -170 degrees Celsius or 100 degrees Kelvin. The coastal regions in open oceans may have beaches that stretch for hundreds of meters before reaching a meter in depth while in lakes and rivers/faultlines they may reach that depth in 20 meters and off the side of coastal rocks they get too deep for humans often at just 2 meters. The oceans are likely composed of liquid nitrogen. It is most common for coastlines to be smooth like in Earth but there is also often high hilliness at the coastlines, creating sections of dozens or even hundreds of islands each comparable in size to at least a medium Terran city separated by similarly-sized straits or isthmuses. There is no analogue for this on Earth.
Rasatmos-archipelagos.png|An example of one such archipelago.
====Midlands and Highlands====
These regions tend to be located either inland from the seas or be the rim of the ancient planetesimal impacts that created the crater-oceans. They are usually flat and featureless but can be hilly at times. These areas are always vegetated.
====Mountains====
There are 4 main types of mountains, ordered by lowest to highest usual summit height: 
*Rugged rocky hills that usually tend to appear in lowlands and midlands and rise 2-3 kilometers up, often having air 10 times thinner at their tops than at their bases. Due to their rockiness they are largely white and un-vegetated save for their vaguely rounded tops with pressures usually ranging from 7 to 1 atmospheres of pressure.
*Extremely wide and old shield volcanoes, usually 100-300 kilometers across and 5-10 kilometers high, comparable to Olympus Mons, albeit in a high-G environment. Vegetated.
*Your typical mountain chains with sharp edges and pointy peaks, present virtually anywhere on the planet. Also usually pale on their sides, but the summits and basins between these mountains are a lush purple. Summit pressures typically range from dozens to hundredths of pascals of pressure.
*Conical volcanoes located in land which tend to be 100 kilometers across and upwards of 10 kilometers tall. Vegetation is present but in noticeably darker shades than elsewhere. This is speculated to be due to the lower/minimal amounts of atmospheric scattering at this altitude forcing the local plant species to be more absorbant of the now point source of light. This also implicates that the vast majority of plants here are sun-facing.
Rasatmos-mounds.png|Mounds.
Rasatmos-shield-volcano.png|A Shield Volcano.
Rasatmos-mountains.png|Mountains.
Rasatmos-conic-volcano.png|A Conic volcano.
== Atmosphere ==
This atmosphere is arguably the hallmark of the planet and this section will contain more detailed data concerning it.
=== General Stats ===
Height 	Height 	13.20 kms
Tropopause (Minimum temperature) Height	Tropopause (Minimum temperature) Height	4.93 kms
Height of Homogeneous Atmosphere 	Height of Homogeneous Atmosphere 	1.67 kms
Scale height 	(Average beneath pause) 	914.2 m
Scale height 	(Atmosphere-wide Average) 	543.3 m
Scale height 	(Above Pause) 	437.5 m
Surface Pressure 	Surface Pressure 	4.451 MPa (43.93 atm)
Surface Density 	Surface Density 	144.39 kg/m3
Temperature 	Surface 	105.21 K
Temperature 	Tropopause 	27.33 K
Average Molar Mass 	Average Molar Mass 	28.050
Greenhouse Effect 	Greenhouse Effect 	43.466 ºC/K
=== Atmospheric composition ===
Molecule	Share of Atmosphere	Partial Pressure
N2 	99.6% 	4.433 MPa
Ar 	0.349% 	15.550 KPa
CO 	386 ppm 	1.719 KPa
He 	229 ppm 	1.021 KPa
Ne 	84.1 ppm 	374 Pa
Total: 	Total: 	4.451 MPa
=== Altitude table ===
Altitude	Air Temperature	Air Pressure 	Air Density 	Speed of Sound
0m 	105.21 K 	43.93 atm 	144.39 kg/m3	202.74 m/s
1000m 	89.424 K 	22.93 atm 	88.654 kg/m3	186.91 m/s
2000m 	73.70 K 	10.58 atm 	49.631 kg/m3	169.69 m/s
3000m 	57.92 K 	4.036 atm 	24.095 kg/m3	150.43 m/s
4000m 	42.11 K 	1.127 atm 	9.2589 kg/m3	128.27 m/s
~4937m
(Tropopause)	27.329 K 	0.2 atm (exactly)	2.5306 kg/m3	103.33 m/s
5000m 	27.329 K 	0.173 atm 	2.1937 kg/m3	103.33 m/s
6000m 	27.329 K 	0.0175 atm 	0.2231 kg/m3	103.33 m/s
7000m 	27.329 K 	180 Pa 	22.756 g/m3 	103.33 m/s
8000m 	27.329 K 	18.5 Pa 	2.3104 g/m3 	103.33 m/s
9000m 	27.329 K 	1.88 Pa 	0.2352 g/m3 	103.33 m/s
10000m 	27.329 K 	0.191 Pa 	23.8 mg/m3 	103.33 m/s
11000m 	27.329 K 	0.0194 Pa 	2.41 mg/m3 	103.33 m/s
12000m 	27.329 K 	0.00197 Pa 	0.246 mg/m3 	103.33 m/s
13000m 	27.329 K 	0.0002 Pa 	0.025 mg/m3 	103.33 m/s
==Flight and Orbit==
Flying in such a narrow atmopshere often proves quite difficult. Although the Surface pressure is 44 atmopheres, due to Rasatmos being nearly thrice as cold, the surface air density (which is significantly more relevant for flight) is over 110 times higher than Earth at 140 kilos per cubic meter and around twice as high as on the surface of Venus, and only 7 times less dense than liquid water. Because of this, when using the shuttle at full throttle in the surface you are usually only capable of reaching speeds around 100-110 m/s and the plane tilts nose up by default. This only stops when you reach an altitude of 3.6 kilometers, where the pressure of ~2 atmospheres (albeit due to the extreme cold, the density is still 11 times higher at 14 kg per meter cubed) where, at a full 50 m/s of throttle, the plane will just narrowly be capable of breaking the sound barrier, greatly increasing in speed after doing so and staying level/turning down by default. This is the minimum altitude for any satisfactory shuttle usage. At 4.1 kilometers up or one atmosphere pressure (7 densities, 8.5 kg) around the shuttle will be able to accelerate to around 550 meters per second at full throttle, around twice the speed of sound at this height. Finally, at 5.3 kilometers of altitude, the air density will reach a value similar to the Earth's surface of 1 kg/m3 and your top speed at 5G throttle will be 1 km/s. Past this, the higher up you go the faster as usual, but unlike in most planets, 5.5 kilometers of altitude is just a few kilometers off from space so from a pressure of ~0.5 kg/m3 or less like what's found at these altitudes, you can just turn your nose up ~20-30 degrees upwards and use the momentum to effectively leave the atmosphere altogether within 10 seconds or less, setting yourself up for the 14 km/s burn to (a prograde) orbit (which is fully stable just 15 kilometers above sea level) or jumping out of the atmosphere above a mountain range which scrapes the sky, though this has never been pulled off even by locals without sustaining at least thrice the planet's own gravity and is only rarely used for certain highly resistant products and wild stunts by said inhabitants. Due to this short atmosphere, the wider high mountains are often used as Entry and Exit points to the planet's surface to minimize losses to drag, which are entirely prohibitive in the lowlands.
These orbits however are nearly exclusively equatorial due to a relatively high oblateness of just under 0.02 making the poles be over 250 kilometers shorter than the equator and therefore more orbits be inviable. [This is unfortunately purely an artifact of Space Engine not modeling the gravity of the planets as ellipsoids.]
=== Reentry ===
Ballistic Reentry is virtually never advised from any orbit, even a 100 m/s descent rate on the shuttle might have you seeing 100 G of deceleration due to the fact that the section of atmosphere that would usually aerobrake a ship is merely hundreds of meters tall so you effectively fall through them and instead aerobrake in the portion of the atmosphere that's as dense as Sea Level air. It's instead recommended when entering that you wait until you're 8 kilometers up and then turn up to counter gravity and tune your descent to glide at 7.5 kilometers above sea level, where you should be seeing 5 G of deceleration if you're descending from a low orbit, and gradually descend from there as your speed decreases. Be careful not to end up even just a few hundred meters too low or your G's will get far higher.
===Low Orbital Table===
Altitude	Orbital Velocity 	Escape Velocity	Orbital Period
Surface 	2.22 km/s (At Equator) 	N/A 	N/A
15 kms 	16.22 km/s (14.00 km/s from surface)	22.94 km/s 	1h32m06s
20 kms 	16.22 km/s (14.00 km/s from surface)	22.94 km/s 	1h32m10s
25 kms 	16.22 km/s (13.99 km/s from surface)	22.94 km/s 	1h32m13s
30 kms 	16.22 km/s (13.99 km/s from surface)	22.93 km/s 	1h32m15s
40 kms 	16.21 km/s (13.98 km/s from surface)	22.93 km/s 	1h32m21s
50 kms 	16.20 km/s (13.97 km/s from surface)	22.92 km/s 	1h32m27s
75 kms 	16.19 km/s 	22.90 km/s 	1h32m42s
100 kms 	16.18 km/s 	22.88 km/s 	1h32m56s
=== Medium Orbital Table===
Distance	Orbital Velocity	Escape Velocity	Orbital Period
33828.5 kms
1/2 Day/Molniya Period	10.54 km/s 	14.90 km/s 	5h36m9.5s
53699.5 kms
Soil-synchronous/Stationary Orbit	8.36 km/s 	11.83 km/s 	11h12m19s
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