Newcastle International Airport

Newcastle International Airport (IATA: NCL, ICAO: EGNT) is an international airport in Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. Located approximately 7.7 mi (12.4 km) from Newcastle City Centre, it is the primary and busiest airport in North East England, and the second busiest in Northern England. In 2019, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, Newcastle International handled 5.2 million passengers annually.
Newcastle Airport has a Civil Aviation Authority Public Use Aerodrome Licence (Number P725) that allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction.
In 2019, it was named the best airport in Europe of those serving 5–15 million passengers annually by Airports Council International (ACI) for the second consecutive year.
== History ==
=== Early years ===
In 1929, Newcastle-upon-Tyne City Council set up a special committee to investigate the potential for building an airport to serve the North-East of England, considering 18 locations before selecting a site at Woolsington, about 5 mi (8.0 km) northwest of the city centre. The airport was opened on 26 July 1935 as Woolsington Aerodrome by the Secretary of State for Air, Sir Phillip Cunliffe-Lister. Incorporating a clubhouse, hangar, workshops, fuel garage and grass runway, it cost £35,000 to build. The airport became the base for the Newcastle upon Tyne Flying Club, which moved from its previous home at Cramlington Aerodrome and ran the new airport on behalf of the council. On 1 June 1939, No. 43 Elementary and Reserve Flying Training School, operated by Newcastle Flying Club and equipped with a mixture of de Havilland Tiger Moths, Miles Magisters and Hawker Hinds opened at Woolsington, as one of a large number of civil-operated flying schools set up to train aircrew for the RAF. The school was disbanded on 3 September 1939, with the outbreak of the Second World War.
In 1940, the airfield was occasionally used to operate detachments of Supermarine Spitfire fighters from RAF Acklington-based 72 Squadron. On 25 July that year, No. 83 Maintenance Unit RAF, tasked with recovering crashed aircraft and salvaging any usable parts, was formed at Woolsington, remaining operational until April 1946. The airfield was also used as a base for the single Tiger Moth of the Durham University Air Squadron from February 1941, and from 1942 to 1943 by detachments from No. 278 Squadron RAF, operating Westland Lysander and Supermarine Walrus in the air sea rescue role. No. 281 Squadron RAF, another air sea rescue squadron, operated from Woolsington from June to October 1943, while from November 1943 to June 1945, the airfield was used as a satellite field for No. 62 OTU, based at RAF Ouston. Woolsington was handed back to the council in 1946.
In 1967, the construction of a new runway and terminal was completed, along with an apron and a new air traffic control tower. These new additions were officially opened by the Prime Minister, Harold Wilson on 17 February 1967.
In 1978, with passenger figures approaching one million per year, the airport was designated as a regional international hub airport in the UK government's White Paper on Airports Policy, opening the way for further redevelopment; in the same decade it was re-branded as Newcastle Airport. The 1980s saw further investment in check-in, catering and duty-free shops. In 1991, Airport Metro station opened, connecting the airport with Newcastle Newcastle City Centre and Sunderland using the Tyne and Wear Metro system.
=== Since the 2000s ===
In August 2004, an extended and refurbished Departure Terminal was opened. The refurbishment included a 3,000 square metre extension with new shops, cafes and 1,200 new seats for waiting passengers.
In 2006, a record 5.4 million passengers used the airport, according to Civil Aviation Authority figures.
Rapid expansion in passenger traffic has led to increasing commercial use of the south side of the airport. This was previously used for general aviation, but is now used for freight, mail and corporate flights. This is partially due to difficulties obtaining departure and arrival slots for light aircraft traffic, which need to be separated from larger aircraft to protect against wake turbulence. As part of the Airport Master Plan, the south-side area is to be expanded with maintenance facilities including new hangar and apron areas.
In January 2007 it was announced that Emirates were to begin a daily non-stop service to Dubai from the airport. This service started on 7 September 2007 and has operated ever since. Until 2012, the route was flown by an Airbus A330. Since September 2012 it has been flown by a Boeing 777. Also in 2007, now defunct carrier Flyglobespan shortly connected Newcastle with Hamilton, Ontario, through this serving the greater Toronto area. Services were discontinued the same summer.
In 2012, Air Transat cut its route linking Newcastle with Toronto-Pearson, which had operated for several years. Through this, Newcastle was left without any transatlantic service.
On 23rd May of 2015, United Airlines commenced its summer seasonal route from Newcastle to New York-Newark, which was a huge achievement for the airport and the region. The service operated five times per week onboard B757-2 through September. However, in August 2016, United Airlines announced it would discontinue its seasonal route from Newark to Newcastle in 2017 after operating for just two consecutive seasons, citing economic reasons.
In July 2017, it was announced that the airport would be investing £3 million on a terminal expansion project which is part of overall £20 million improvement plans running from 2016 to 2017. This £20m improvement plan included a new radar system alongside digital signage in the check-in areas and the installation of new flooring. The £3m plan includes an extension to the terminal by 4,800 sq ft (450 m2) and will increase the equipment in the security hall, bringing in improved technology to speed up procedures there. This was due to be constructed over the winter of 2017/2018.
Until 2019, Jet2.com frequently linked its base in Newcastle with Newark during Christmas time. However, these services have not been resumed since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.
In August 2020, easyJet announced the closure of their crew base in Newcastle due to the financial difficulties from the COVID-19 pandemic which means that the airline only operates domestic flights from the airport after scrapping all of its international routes by 31 August 2020. However, since this decision the airline resumed its operations to Palma de Mallorca and Geneva in 2022 as well as Alicante, Amsterdam and Paris Charles de Gaulle in 2024.  As well as introducing a winter seasonal route to Lyon in 2025.
In March 2022, Ryanair opened its new base at Newcastle and announced 10 new routes which meant that the airline would operate a total of 19 routes, with over 130 weekly flights over Summer 2022 using two based aircraft.
In April 2023, TUI announced its biggest ever programme at the airport for Summer 2024, operating up to 84 weekly flights to a total of 31 destinations on offer using an additional fifth aircraft, including new routes to Sal, Cape Verde and Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt.
In May 2023, Jet2.com announced their biggest ever Winter schedule for Newcastle Airport, with over 45 weekly flights. Destinations that have seen increases in the number of flights include Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote and Alicante.
== Facilities ==
Newcastle Airport Freight Village is south of the airport and includes Emirates SkyCargo, FedEx, and North East Air Cargo company offices which deal with freight exports and imports and mail. It also houses freight forwarding agents such as Casper Logistics Ltd, Kintetsu World Express, Kuehne + Nagel, Nippon Express, Schenker International, Davis Turner Air Cargo, and Universal Forwarding.
In April 2016, Emirates reported that flown exports have soared to £310m a year since the arrival of the Emirates service from Newcastle to Dubai. The Dubai route contributes some £600m to the economy and has opened unlimited export avenues to North East firms, some of whom have opened offices in the United Arab Emirates.
The airport is also home to the Newcastle Airport Fire Academy. The Newcastle Aviation Academy is also located within this area. When Gill Airways operated, its head office was in the New Aviation House, on the airport property. The south side of the airport also has a base for the National Police Air Service. They normally have one respective helicopter based here at a time but are known to rotate their fleet around bases. The area also holds maintenance workshops for the airport and various other depots for airport-run services like Alpha Catering.
== Airlines and destinations ==
=== Passenger ===
The following airlines operate regular scheduled services to and from Newcastle upon Tyne:
Airlines 	Destinations
Aer Lingus 	Belfast–City, Dublin
Air France 	Paris–Charles de Gaulle
British Airways	London–Heathrow
easyJet 	Amsterdam (begins 5 September 2024), Belfast–International, Bristol, Paris–Charles de Gaulle (begins 27 October 2024),
KLM 	Amsterdam
Lufthansa 	Frankfurt
TUI Airways 	Agadir (begins 1 May 2025), Alicante, Gran Canaria, Hurghada, Lanzarote, Sal, Sharm El Sheikh, Tenerife–South
=== Cargo ===
Airlines 	Destinations
ASL Airlines France	Edinburgh
== Statistics ==
The airport saw significant growth in the ten years to 2007, when passenger numbers peaked at 5.65 million, more than double the number handled ten years earlier. Passenger numbers declined in the subsequent four years due to the financial crisis of 2007–2010, but later recovered, with around 5.3 million passengers passing through the airport in 2018 (close to the 2006 total), although cargo volumes have broadly increased to record levels since 2005.
=== Traffic figures ===
 	Number of
passengers	Number of
movements	Freight
(tonnes)	Mail
(tonnes)
1997	2,642,591	81,279	1,219	3,489
1998	2,984,724	81,299	678 	3,631
1999	2,994,051	79,291	776 	3,409
2000	3,208,734	82,940	526 	3,720
2001	3,431,393	82,524	783 	2,859
2002	3,426,952	79,173	1,438	2,368
2003	3,920,204	75,113	924 	2,576
2004	4,724,263	77,721	799 	7,756
2005	5,200,806	77,882	199 	7,820
2006	5,431,976	81,655	306 	7,884
2007	5,650,716	79,200	785 	8,483
2008	5,039,993	72,904	1,938	10,901
2009	4,587,883	69,254	2,597	9,758
2010	4,356,130	66,677	3,650	9,062
2011	4,346,270	64,521	3,059	8,532
2012	4,366,196	61,006	2,956	7,929
2013	4,420,839	59,962	3,701	6,512
2014	4,516,739	59,114	4,450	4,738
2015	4,562,853	55,950	3,717	4,633
2016	4,807,906	56,263	4,574	4,894
2017	5,300,274	57,808	5,482	1,128
2018	5,332,238	53,740	5,524	3
2019	5,199,000	50,688	4,745	3
2020	1,064,274	12,305	1,039	0
2021	1,024,930	12,751	1,519	0
2022	4,128,407	31,606	2,449	0
2023	4,819,969	35,447	3,549	0
== Accidents and incidents ==
On 30 November 2000, a Piper Aerostar registered N64719 en route to Iceland from Newcastle International Airport, crashed close to Fortingall, on the north side of Loch Tay in Perthshire, Scotland, killing the single crewmember. The accident report concluded that the aircraft gradually lost airspeed during an icing encounter, before stalling and the pilot losing control.
== Ground transport ==
=== Metro ===
The Newcastle Airport Metro station station is directly connected to the terminal through an indoor walkway. The station is the northern terminus of the green line, with frequent direct services to all the main Newcastle and Sunderland stations (approximately 20 and 50 minutes respectively).
=== Road transport ===
The airport is connected to the A1 trunk road by the A696 dual carriageway. A half-hourly bus service links the airport to the nearby villages of Ponteland and Darras Hall, as well as to the City Centre.
== References ==
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# ^ Sinton 1982, pp. 494–495
# ^ Sturtivant, Hamlin & Halley 1997, p. 111
# ^ Delve 2006, p. 277
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# ^ Sinton 1982, pp. 495, 497
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# ^ https://www.goedkoopvliegenclub.nl/
# ^ https://www.newcastleairport.com/news-and-reporting/latest-news/easyjet-announces-new-routes-from-newcastle-airport-to-paris-and-lyon-as-well-as-more-flights-to-amsterdam-and-geneva/
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# ^ https://www.newcastleairport.com/news-and-reporting/latest-news/easyjet-announces-new-routes-from-newcastle-airport-to-paris-and-lyon-as-well-as-more-flights-to-amsterdam-and-geneva/
# ^ https://travelweekly.co.uk/news/air/jet2-com-and-jet2holidays-unveil-record-winter-sun-programme
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# ^ https://centreforaviation.com/news/ryanair-to-launch-newcastle-marrakech-service-1267974
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# ^ aslairlines.fr - Scheduled cargo flights
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# ^ "Report on the accident to Piper PA60-602P, N64719 on 30 November 2000, UK AAIB" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 January 2013. Retrieved 26 August 2019.