K-12

Revisionists: 
·   
Historically,
Americans have placed enormous expectations on what public schools can
accomplish (Cremin, 1972; Perkinson, 1968)
·     
Schools
have been designed to reproduced the existing social order (Bowles and Gintis,
1976; Karier, 1975; Spring, 1976)
·     
Public
schools were created to assimilate and Americanized and thus discriminated
against immigrants and minorities. (Greer, 1972; Kaestle, 1973; Tyack, 1974)
·     
Public
high schools were established for the benefit for the middle and upper classes
(Katz, 1968)
·     
The
bureaucratic organization of schooling was designed to inhibit working class
achievement (Katz, 1971, Tyack, 1974)
·     
Vocational
education was created as a device to curb working class and immigrant
aspirations (Lazerson, 1971; 1974)
·     
Urban
public school systems were organized in the image of “one best system” which
denied the legitimacy of public participation in educational decision-making,
undermined teacher professionalism, and rejected the validity of ethnic and
racial cultural values.