Felis catus

These are domesticated cats. They are descended from Felis silvestris, specifically F.s.lybica. The oldest evidence for their ancestors associating with humans is over 7,000 years ago, where sculptures and bones were found of them in the ancient cities Hacilar and Aşıklı Höyük, now in southwestern and southeastern Turkey respectively, and also in Cyprus, an island which did not naturally carry wildcats at the timehttps://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02397046/file/CatDomestication_Geigl%26Grange_HAL.pdfhttps://www.thegreatcat.org/mans-earliest-relationship-with-cats-domestication/. While most historians insist that the wildcats must have brought themselves to human settlements to hunt mice, it should be noted that humans during this time were catching animals left and right to tame them. There is a small amount of Felis silvestris silvestris DNA in at least some cats- I do not know if it was in all modern cat breeds as it was not clarified.
A few thousand or so years later in Egypt cats were bred to be much larger than modern cats. They were big enough to hunt large rats, whereas our modern day cat tends to shy away from older individuals due to being to large of prey. 
Today there are many varieties of cat. There are both not-well documented or publicized feral variants, and then there are true, blue-blooded breeds. There are also hybrid variants bred with other species of cat. Here is a list of breeds. It should be noted that "American shorthair", to my knowledge, isn't an actual breed, but shorthand for the generic feral and pet housecat one can find. Essentially, a sort of landrace.
==Breeds== 
*Abyssinian cat
*Aegean cat
*American Bobtail (breed)
*American Curl
*American Ringtail
*American Wirehair
*Aphrodite Giant
*Arabian Mau
*Australian Mist
*Balinese
*Bambino
*Bengal cats
*Birman
*Bombay
*British Shorthair
*Burmese
*Burmilla
*California Spangled
*Toyger
==References==
Category:Cats
Category:Felis