Bob Marley

Robert Nesta Marley † (February 6, 1945 - c. May 11, 1981 [aged 36]) better known online as Bob Marley, was a Jamaican reggae singer, guitarist, and songwriter. 
==History==
Robert Nesta Marley was born on February 6, 1945, at the farm of his maternal grandfather in Nine Mile, Saint Ann Parish, Jamaica, to Norval Sinclair Marley and Cedella Malcolm. https://books.google.com/books?id=aNv2XuFP2-QC&pg=PA13 
Marley's maternal grandfather, Omariah, was a source of early musical influence for Marley. https://books.google.com/books?id=Yt9SDQAAQBAJ Marley began to play music with Neville Livingston while at Stepney Primary and Junior High School in Nine Mile, where they were childhood friends. https://www.gq.com/entertainment/music/201101/bunny-wailer-john-jeremiah-sullivan?currentPage=4http://www.bobmarleyfoundationja.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=31&Itemid=9 Marley left Nine Mile with his mother when he was 12 and moved to Trenchtown, Kingston. Marley's mother and Thadeus Livingston had a daughter together who they named Claudette Pearl. http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/memorial-services-for-cedella-marley-booker-tonight-6439935 
Marley formed a vocal group with Bunny Wailer and Peter Tosh. The line-up was known variously as the Teenagers, the Wailing Rudeboys, the Wailing Wailers and finally just the Wailers. Marley and the others did not play any instruments at this time, and were more interested in being a vocal harmony group. Joe Higgs helped them develop their vocal harmonies, and began teaching Marley guitar. http://www.iration.com/juniorbraithwaite/jbinterview.htmlhttps://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/22/arts/joe-higgs-59-reggae-performer-taught-a-generation-of-singers.html 
In February 1962, Marley recorded four songs, "Judge Not", "One Cup of Coffee", "Do You Still Love Me?" and "Terror", at Federal Studios for local music producer Leslie Kong. https://web.archive.org/web/20180628233604/http://www.wailer.de/?page_id=97 Three of the songs were released on Beverley's with "One Cup of Coffee" being released under the pseudonym Bobby Martell. https://web.archive.org/web/20060621034903/http://www.bobmarley.com/life/musicbusiness/beverley.html 
On December 3, 1976, two days before "Smile Jamaica" Bob Marley, Rita, and manager Don Taylor were wounded in an assault by unknown gunmen inside Marley's home. Taylor and Rita sustained serious injuries but later made full recoveries. Bob Marley sustained minor wounds in the chest and arm. https://books.google.com/books?id=QPZEqZHKq2AC&pg=PA71 The attempt on his life was believed to have been politically motivated, as many felt that Smile Jamaica was actually a support rally for Manley. 
==Death==
In July 1977, Marley was diagnosed with a type of malignant melanoma under the nail of his right big toe. https://news.cancerresearchuk.org/2014/08/20/bob-marley-genomics-and-a-rare-form-of-melanoma/ He had to see two doctors before a biopsy was done, which confirmed acral lentiginous melanoma. Unlike other melanomas, which usually appear on skin exposed to the sun, acral lentiginous melanoma occurs in places that are easy to miss, such as the soles of the feet, or under toenails. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/aug/13/decolonising-dermatology-why-black-and-brown-skin-need-better-treatment 
Marley rejected his doctors' advice to have his toe amputated and instead had the nail and nail bed removed and a skin graft was taken from his thigh to cover the area. https://web.archive.org/web/20110417084412/http://www.tribune242.com/04122011_Bob-Marley_features_pg9 Despite his illness, he continued touring and was in the process of scheduling a 1980 world tour. http://soundsandcolours.com/articles/brazil/the-day-bob-marley-played-football-in-brazil-1425/ 
Marley's health worsened as his cancer had spread throughout his body. Marley sought treatment at the clinic of Josef Issels in Rottach-Egern, Bavaria, Germany, where he underwent an alternative cancer treatment called Issels treatment, partly based on avoidance of certain foods, drinks, and other substances. After eight months of failing to effectively treat his advancing cancer, Marley boarded a plane for his home in Jamaica. https://web.archive.org/web/20090417040043/http://web.bobmarley.com/story/?storypage=7 
During the flight, Marley's vital functions got worse. After landing in Miami, Florida, he was taken to Cedars of Lebanon Hospital for immediate medical attention, where he died on May 11, 1981, due to the spread of melanoma to his lungs and brain. His final words to his son, Ziggy, were: "On your way up, take me up. On your way down, don't let me down." https://www.ladbible.com/entertainment/music-bob-marleys-final-words-to-his-son-are-incredibly-poignant-20210511 
===Legacy===
A statue was built next to the national stadium on Arthur Wint Drive in Kingston to commemorate him. https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/bob-marley-so-much-things-to-say-7654698.html?action=gallery&ino=6 In 2006, the New York City Department of Education co-named a portion of Church Avenue from Remsen Avenue to East 98th Street in the East Flatbush section of Brooklyn as "Bob Marley Boulevard". http://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/archives/2006/07/02/brooklyn-street-renamed-bob-marley-boulevard.NYC_60701.html In 2008, a statue of Marley was built in Banatski Sokolac, Serbia. http://www.politika.rs/rubrike/Drustvo/Marli-u-Sokolcu.lt.html 
==References==
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