Jazz

Etymologia: id origin tos werd est obscure, sigwra ex US argot kay kyuses sexual gwis; tod lexis buit nuden in-kap id XXt secule kay describe id gwis uns pitcher dind prehpt in Chicago, in 1915, in uno musical sense. 
Definition: Jazz defineiht uno musical expressionsmodus quod prohp in-kap id XXt secule in ia Uniet Stats os America, in id aydokwo communitat, ed buit introducto do Europe in 1917, ab iens US soldats gwehmend ad wighes in Mund Weir Oin. Id lexis appareiht tun sub id forme jazz-band, quodghi ghohld pro ia grupps om musicians kanend jazz. 
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==Id spontan expression uns popular Culture (1890-1910)==
Gnaht in Louisiana inter 1890 ed 1910, jazz est id sampurna exempel os un spontan fusion om musical elements ex divers origins, identitatsaffirmation uns aydokwios communitat marginaliset ed honnt ab un blank societat quodswo est multicultural. Kanend themes ed jors ios laabmusic im Blanks sekwent id style wi'm Aydokwims, illustret tun ab gospel (religieus songv) ed blues (traditional riouda), jazz wardht, circum 1910, sub id syncopate forme os ragtime, pre bestehme sien presto stylistic version in ia duskleumen quartiers os New Orleans. 
Bohrt ab Artistens kam King Oliver, Kid Ory au iom yun L.Armstrong, id New Orleans style kweit med un oku tempo ed un large place likwt ad collective, libter polyphonic, improvisation. Id upertrehdt mox ex id Sud, pact do New York ed bilhassa in Chicago quer id praxis os jazz attract yun blank musicians kam Benny Goodman au Mezz Mezzrow. Id skapt tun folklore kay bihe un societal fact. 
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==Id golden aiw os jazz (1920-1930)==
Widen ka dansmusic ab id 1920tias yuwent in America kam in Europe (vogh ios charleston), jazz gnoht jaldi un mutation quod id beuwt uno musical sonterjor. In-kap ia 1930tias, wardhe mier orkesters (Ellington, Basie, Calloway); id improvisation om brilliant solisten tayt ia collective improvisations ios New Orleans style. Id periode pre Mund Weir Dwo est kwit ka swing era, difficil-ye tarjmet werd quod expremt sammel id tempo wi ei music ed id stumia id creet. Ter se dwinghe, nieb grand instrumentalistens kam L.Young, Armstrong, L.Hampton, skaun sehngvsters kam B.Holiday ed E.Fitzgerald, quas bringhe id tension ed pathetique wi ei blues, echo ios gvol ios tid os Sclaverie. 
Ye id apos inter puro creation ed laabmusic, jazz sehlt un tienxia success quod, meis quem ceter musical expression, id identifiet idsi zaman. Compositors os savant music id recogneihnt : Ravel, Stravinsky bihnt inspiren ab id. In ia USA, Gershwin tentet bifanghe id dank seductive deursias os "symphonic jazz" (Rhapsody in blue, 1924) au sub id forme os Opera (Porgy and Bess, 1935). 
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==Be-bop (1940-1950)==
Unte Mund Weir Dwo, yun aydokwi musicians kam Monk, Gillepsie, Parker, reage contra un rempend conformisme ed creent un nov style : id be-bop, quod linkwt inter alya'l schangdar uno mier lure in id ducen ios tempo. 
Id agumt os be-bop est meis quem un stylistic wehnd : aurght un evolution quod vaht nihes jazz ex music om dans ed laab do richer ed personaler creationsformes, qua id leuseihnt ids kweit os popular expression ed bringhe id proscher id savanto music. 
Skeipt unschi effort kay rikes idsa surces, ia druve-ye aydokwa raudhs os jazz, quo correspond id politic insaf ios US aydokwios communitat ed id jidal pro id obtention iom civic rects. In id druna iom 1950tias, biht eti prispohcen, ye id leizd os be-bop, id elaboration unios meis forlegvert, academic music (ios cool style), quos pleist kaners sont blank, ploisko iom brilliant trompettiste M.Davis qui reicsiet pos 1955 un tehrbanter jazz. 
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==Id integration os jazz do id adib culture (1960-1970)==
Ab ia 1960tias, id grov ne stopt crehsce inter quo nammos nundiens id "modern jazz" ed id druve-ye popular music. To biht weitwodden ab id keraunoku success os rock, samghat inter tempos ed style gwohmen ex jazz ed id blank folklore ios US Middle West. Bohrt ab ia technic zariyas (id electric music), ia media ed id show-business, id rock, in ia USA dind in Europe, occupet ye id cultural nivell id place likwn ab un jazz stets meis integret do id adib culture. 
Entrim, senter gnoht un nov evolution sub id action om original creators kam iens saxophonistens Coleman ed, bilhassa, Coltrane. Idmen adduct, pos 1964, id aventure ios free jazz, quod rumpt con ia traditional reuls ed leurt un intense ed chaotic music quos saul dastur est improvisation. Davis de, electrifiend-ye sien instrument, tentet introduce un nov swon quod launt elements ex id rock music. 
Pon id end iom 1970tias, jazz wanderneut, alternend ia formal paurskens ed frequent revivals qua hant saygiht leit nun de uno mortu jor. Tod announce est aundwoi premature : jazz est dalg ud exhausus sien hol creator imkan. Ed hatta, id zowngchie linkwiet un enormo production quos qualitat esiet kafi pro schahide id hat skipen oino iom essential formes os musical expression ios XXt secule, maghses id prest. Bet, in sien actual formes, id se hat maung intellectualiset, joinend it id savanto muassir music in un elitiste isolement quod id beghseiht un druve-ye popular audience.