Proficiencies (CFH)

__TOC__
As the Introduction notes, use of the Proficiencies section of the AD&D 2nd Edition Player's Handbook is not optional with The Complete Fighter's Handbook. The Proficiencies are necessary for you to customize and fine-tune your character, and for the use of the Warrior Kits chapter of this book.
Use of the Weapon Proficiencies are pretty much self-evident after you read the Player's Handbook. Later in this book, though, in the Combat chapter, you'll learn some interesting new things which you can do with weapon proficiencies.
Don't forget that high Intelligence scores grant extra proficiencies (equal to the number of extra languages the character receives for the same score).
Here, let's talk about three nonweapon proficiencies (Armorer, Bowyer/Fletcher, and Weaponsmithing) which are of particular use to the warrior player-character.
==Armorer==
With the Armorer proficiency, a character knows how to build all varieties of armor. Armorer overlaps a couple of other proficiencies: The Armorer knows enough Blacksmithing to forge metal armor and craft scale and chain mail (though he cannot forge horseshoes, wrought iron gates, hardened metal tools, or any other useful items unless he also knows Blacksmithing);
The Armorer knows enough Leatherworking to cut and shape boiled leather into leather armor, shield coverings, and the under-layers of scale mail and banded mail (though he cannot make dress jerkins, saddles, elaborate pouches or rucksacks, or any other useful leather items). The Armorer knows enough of the Tailor's art to manufacture padded armor and armor padding (but not enough to cut and sew any sort of good-looking garment).
Naturally, the ordinary Blacksmith cannot forge metal armor, the Leatherworker is not experienced with making leather armors, and the Tailor isn't conversant with the making of padded armor, unless they also take the Armorer proficiency.
The Armorer can repair existing armor that has taken damage (if you're using that optional rule), and can also craft barding (horse armor) through use of his proficiency.
But what does all of this mean in a campaign?
==The Workshop==
To craft armor, the character must first have a workshop (a place to work and tools with which to do work).
Metal Armor If he intends to make any sort of all-metal armor (chain mail, field mail, full plate, plate mail, and helmets), the workshop is a smithy, complete with tools, bellows, a furnace, an anvil, tongs, cauldrons, casting molds, and all the other materials necessary to process unrefined metal into armor.
Such a workshop costs 200 gp, plus the cost of the shelter where it is set up: An additional 100 gp for a pavilion tent, an additional 300 gp for a well-crafted hut/workshop, or more as part of a larger dwelling, such as a mansion, villa or castle (these sorts of dwellings are priced at whatever sort of price scheme the DM prefers).
(Included in the price of the smithy is the cost of the tools necessary to make leather hilt-wrappings, padded armor, armor linings and padding, and the simple leather straps used to hold all-metal armors together.) 
This workshop is large enough to accommodate the character and up to two apprentices working full-time. (The apprentices, too, must have the Armorer proficiency; the character can always take in an apprentice without the proficiency and train him, but until he acquires the Armorer proficiency he doesn't count as a productive element of the workshop.) 
In theory, the character could hire another three-man crew to work a second shift in the same workshop; thus the workshop would be occupied nearly 24 hours a day. (This presumes eight- to ten-hour shifts and a certain amount of necessary nonproductive time each day: Time for furnaces to cool and be cleaned, tools to be repaired and sharpened, etc.) No more than three people can work in this workshop effectively; with more than three people, the workshop suffers a loss of efficiency so that it produces goods just as though it were only manned by three armorers.
To expand the workshop costs an additional 50% for each +three workers. If the smithy costs 200 gp and is set up in a 300-gp hut, thus costing 500 gp, the builder could pay +250 gp. Then, the workshop would accommodate three more armorers at the same time. For another +250 gp, now totalling 1,000 gp, the shop can accommodate nine armorers at the same time.
===Leather Armor===
If he intends to make any sort of all-leather armor (hide armor, leather armor, and armored leather caps), the workshop is a leatherworker's shop, including apparatus for leather soaking, scraping, tanning, boiling, boiling in wax, shaping, hole-punching, sewing, and all the other processes by which leather is transformed into armor.
Such a workshop costs 25 gp, plus the cost of the shelter where it is set up: An additional 25 gp for a large tent, an additional 75 gp for a well-crafted hut/workshop, or more as part of a larger dwelling (at whatever price scheme the DM prefers).
(Included in the price of the leatherworker's shop is the cost of the tools necessary to make padded armor and armor linings and padding.)
As with the smithy above, this price presumes one principal leatherworker and up to two apprentices may work together at the same time. Above that number costs 50% of the workshop and housing costs per additional three leatherworkers.
===Metal and Leather Armor===
If he intends to make both sorts of armor, or armor which combines both metal and leather elements (banded mail, brigandine, bronze plate mail, ring mail, scale mail, shields, splint mail, and studded leather), a combined workshop is needed.
Such a workshop costs 250 gp, plus the cost of the shelter where it is set up: An additional 100 gp for a pavilion tent, an additional 300 gp for a well-crafted hut/workshop, or more as part of a larger dwelling (again, at whatever pricing the DM prefers).
(Included in the cost of the armorer's shop is the cost of the tools necessary to make wooden shield blanks and shield frames, padded armor, and all armor linings and padding necessary to the armored goods.)
As with the smithy above, this price presumes one principal armorer and up to two apprentices; above that number costs +50% of the workshop and housing costs per additional three armorers.
==Apprentices and Overseers==
The cost of the workshop constitutes only the set-up cost for the armoring operation. Maintenance of the workshop, pay for the employees, and cost of materials also come into play. Of course, so do the profits from the sale of manufactured goods. Each apprentice costs 2gp/week for food, upkeep, and training. And once an apprentices has reached young adulthood (age 16) and has achieved an Armorer ability check of 12 or better, he'll demand to be promoted to Overseer status (described immediately below) or will find better pickings elsewhere.
Apprentices cannot run a workshop unsupervised. Supervision comes in the form of an Overseer, an adult with an Armorer ability check of 12 or better. Each Overseer costs 15 gp/week (the DM may wish to have the cost relate to the Overseer's Armorer ability check: 15 gp/week at a check of 12, +15 gp/week per +1 to his ability check; thus, if his ability check is 16, he costs 75 gp/week).
==Time to Craft Armor==
To determine the time it takes to make a piece of armor, take the armor's AC. The number that the AC is under 10, multiplied by two weeks, is the time it takes an apprentice (supervised and aided by an Overseer) to craft the item.
Thus, a set of chain mail (AC 5) is calculated this way: 10 – 5 = 5; 5 x two weeks = ten weeks. It takes 10 weeks to make a suit of chain mail.
 Standard Costs to Manufacture Armor
ArmorPiece 	RetailValue	MaterialsCost (gp)	TimeTaken	Apprentice &Overseer	TotalCost
Banded Mail 	200 	100 	12 wk 	48 * 	148
Brigandine 	120 	60 	8 wk 	32 * 	92
Bronze plate 	400 	200 	12 wk 	114 ** 	314
Chain mail 	75 	38 	10 wk 	20 *** 	58
Field Plate 	2000 	1000 	16 wk 	304 + 	1304
Full plate 	7000 	3500 	18 wk 	342 + 	3842
Helm/great 	30 	15 	4 wk 	8 *** 	23
Helm/basinet 	8 	4 	1 wk 	2 *** 	6
Hide armor 	15 	7 	8 wk 	8 ++ 	15
Leather armor 	5 	1 +++ 	4 wk 	4 ++ 	5
Padded armor 	4 	0 +++ 	4 wk 	4 ++ 	4
Plate mail 	600 	300 	14 wk 	133 ** 	433
Ring mail 	100 	50 	6 wk 	24 * 	74
Scale mail 	120 	60 	8 wk 	32 * 	92
Shield/body 	10 	5 	2 wk 	4 *** 	9
Shield/buckler	1 	0+++ 	2 wk 	1 ++ 	1
Shield/medium 	7 	3 	2 wk 	4 *** 	7
Shield/small 	3 	1 	2 wk 	2 *** 	3
Splint mail 	80 	40 	12 wk 	24 *** 	64
Studded lthr 	20 	10 	6 wk 	6 ++ 	16
Barding: 	 	 	 	 	
Chain 	500 	250 	10 wk 	190 + 	440
Full plate 	2000 	1000 	16 wk 	304 + 	1304
Full scale 	1000 	500 	8 wk 	152 + 	652
Half brig. 	500 	250 	6 wk 	114 + 	364
Half padded 	100 	50 	2 wk 	38 + 	88
Half scale 	500 	250 	8 wk 	152 + 	402
Lthr/Padded 	150 	75 	4 wk 	75 + 	150
: * Two apprentices, no overseer
: ** One apprentice, overseer
: *** One apprentice, no overseer
: + Two apprentices, one overseer
: ++ apprentice, no overseer
: +++ Cost reduced because of easy availability of materials; cost of "0 gp" means cost is a negligible
For pieces of armor which don't grant specific AC benefits (like helmets), figure the time at 1 week per 7.5 gp value. Thus, a great helm would take four weeks to make (it costs 30 gp); a basinet, one week and a few hours of the eighth day (it costs 8 gp).
==Cost to Craft Armor==
And it does cost money to craft armor. The cost is: (a) About half the "retail value" of the armor piece for materials; plus (b) The cost of maintaining one or two apprentices during the time it takes to make the piece; plus
(c) Additional cost based on how much of the overseer's time and attention the project takes. (The project may take one or two overseers full-time on the project, may take only half one overseer's time on the project, or may take none of the overseer's time—the latter constitute projects that the apprentices can do all by themselves, mostly unsupervised.)
The previous table shows standard costs to manufacture armor.
In usual circumstances, the difference between the Total Cost and the Retail Value is the shop's profit when it sells a piece of armor.
As you can see from the table, hide armor, leather armor, padded armor, medium shields and small shields are little-to-no-profit propositions. However, they keep the apprentices paid and keep work in the shop.
==Playing With These Numbers==
Now, the costs given above are not the final word on how much it costs to make armor. With your DM's permission, you can skew these numbers around (both up and down) through the following means.
First, you can put extra men on a job. (Important Note: If overseers are drafted to do apprentice-level work, one overseer counts as two apprentices.) You can only put extra men on a job in increments of the original number of men required for the job: In other words, if the job required two apprentices, you don't see an improvement in speed until you assign two more apprentices to the job. At that point, you cut the speed of the job in half.
Example: From the chart, you see it takes one apprentice with no overseer ten weeks to work up a set of chain mail. That's a standard in the armorer's industry; they'll always tell you it takes ten weeks to work up a chain mail hauberk. But in an emergency situation, they could put an extra apprentice on the job (either have two working on it at once, or have one on the "day shift" and one on the "night shift"). With twice the available manpower, it would only take half the time, or five weeks, to create the chain mail. Second, if the Overseer is a player-character, he doesn't have to pay himself as much. This is usually the case with armorers when they first go into business for themselves: They pay the cost for materials and the cost for their apprentices, and whatever they have left over is their own salary, even if it is much less than the 15 gp/week standard mentioned above. (That number, 15 gp/week, represents a firm lower-middle-class standard of living; an armorer who earns less will be living at a lower-class standard of living.)
With that in mind, we can re-interpret some of the numbers above. Let's say that we have one player-character armorer who wants to work up a set of hide armor.
Hide armor normally takes up half the work-day of one apprentice for eight weeks. It costs 7 gp in materials, and he can sell it on the usual market for 15 gp. If just the chief armorer, who counts as an Overseer if his Armorer ability check is 12 or better, works on this item alone, it will take him only two weeks to make the hide armor (remember, an Overseer counts as two apprentices; therefore, he's putting four times the manpower on the task as it customarily requires, thus cutting the time required to one-fourth, or two weeks). If he can sell it for 15 gp, he's made 8 gp. He's earning a meager 4 gp a week, which is better than a poverty-level wage, but less than middle-class.
==Chance of Failure==
It would seem that the thing to do would be to set up an armorer's shop and just build field plate and full plate, which are the most profitable items of armor. However, that isn't necessarily so.
This is because, for every item of armor you make, you have to make an Armorer Ability Check. At the end of the armor-making period, the most experienced (highest ability check) character who worked continuously on the project makes his Armorer ability check. If he passes the check, the armor is just fine. If he fails it, it's flawed.
If the character missed his roll by 1, 2, 3, or 4, the armor looks just fine. The maker knows it's flawed, but this will not be obvious to anyone on casual inspection, and only another armorer will be able to detect that it's flawed . . . and only with careful inspection. This type of flawed armor functions at 1 AC higher than it should (thus flawed full plate would be AC 2 instead of 1). If the flawed armor is ever struck in real combat with a natural to-hit roll of 19 or 20, it "breaks" (caves in, splits open, etc.). Its AC goes up 4 (thus our flawed full plate would shoot from AC 2 to AC 6). And because it's broken and hanging wrong, it hinders the player; until he can take it off (this takes 1d4 rounds), he moves at half his normal rate and suffers a –4 penalty to all of his attack rolls.
Obviously, most reputable armorers would never sell a piece of flawed armor. They have their reputations to protect, so they throw it away. They take a loss in money equal to the Total Cost of the armor from the chart above.
If the character misses his roll by 5 or more, it's obvious to anyone, with casual inspection, that the armor is flawed. No one will buy it at the normal retail value. The armorer might be able to sell it at half the Total Cost value to someone desperate for cheap armor, someone who's willing to take the risk of wearing flawed armor. If he can't sell it, this too is a total loss. Finally, not all armor is the same in the level of difficulty it requires to manufacture. Some armor is simple enough that apprentices can work on it alone. Some is so complicated that only master armorers should oversee this work. And hiring a master armorer costs more than just hiring a normal overseer. 
The chart below shows the relative difficulty of manufacturing these different types of armor.
Armor Type 	Modifier toArmorerProficiencyCheck
Banded Mail 	+1
Brigandine 	+1
Bronze plate 	0
Chain mail 	+3
Field Plate 	–3
Full plate 	–3
Helm/great 	+3
Helm/basinet 	+3
Hide armor 	+3
Leather armor 	+3
Padded armor 	+3
Plate mail 	0
Ring mail 	+1
Scale mail 	+1
Shield/body 	+3
Shield/buckler 	+3
Shield/medium 	+3
Shield/small 	+3
Splint mail 	+3
Studded leather	+3
Barding: 	
Chain 	0
Full plate 	–3
Full scale 	0
Half brig. 	0
Half padded 	0
Half scale 	0
Lthr/Padded 	0
As you can see, making field plate and full plate is a risky proposition. Only the best of independent armorers will undertake such a task because the potential losses are so great. (On the other hand, a hireling armorer will do it whenever his employer says, because all the financial risk is his employer's.) And player-character armorers run these same financial risks when they try to make field plate and full plate for themselves or their friends.
==Added Expenses==
If the DM wishes, he can add to the grief of a player-character armorer by confronting him with a lot of the hidden expenses of any such operation:
Bribery: In many places, local officials will expect a little graft in order for them to process the necessary permits efficiently and regularly. If the PC doesn't pay up, those permits take a long, long time (months) to be processed, and during that time the PC can't operate a retail armorer's shop.
Theft: Armorer's shops can be burglarized just like any other operation. Thieves are quite willing to steal some high-quality armor goods and fence them elsewhere in the city. Depending on the quality of the merchandise lying around in the shop, this can be a serious financial blow for the shop.
Unclaimed Goods: Sometimes a patron who custom-orders a piece of armor never shows up to buy it. Maybe he's been killed in the meantime; maybe he ran low on funds and decided not even to tell the armorer of his misfortune. And if the custom piece of armor was decorated or fine-tuned to that specific customer (for example, if it bears his coat of arms or unusual decoration), it could be that no one else is willing to buy it . . . except at heavily discounted prices.
Unsold Stock: Armorers don't just work up pieces of armor to order. The armorer fabricates numerous examples of the most common sorts of armor (leather and padded armor, shields) for the casual customer and as practice for the apprentices. Not all of this gets sold, and a piece that is never sold is a few gold pieces out of the shop's coffers.
All in all, it may be safer, financially, for a player-character to be a full-time adventurer and only a part-time armorer.
==Player-Character Workshops==
Often, a PC Armorer who is also an adventurer will set up an armorer's shop and crew it with a single overseer and two apprentices. This shop's duty will be to keep the PC supplied in armor; also, whenever the PC returns home, he can, if he wishes, operate the shop, especially in the "off-shift" (whichever shift the regular crew is not operating it). If he does hire an overseer, he'll have to pay the rates according to the overseer's ability, as described above.
Note that a PC Armorer can make armor for his friends. He can't avoid paying the minimum cost for the materials, of course. The character can carry a tent and leatherworker's shop on the back of a horse, so he can work on any sort of all-leather or padding armor while on the road. But on the road, he can only get in a couple of hours' work per day, so multiply all armor-making times by four to determine how long they take.
The character who does all this extra work will be a little more tired than his fellows; reduce his Intelligence ability check to spot upcoming dangers.
==Repairing Armor==
If you use the optional rules for damaging armor found in this rule book's Combat chapter, you can also use the Armorer proficiency to repair damaged armor.
It costs the armorer 1/100th the armor's retail value for each Damage Point that he repairs. Again, that's the cost to the armorer, which assumes that apprentices are doing the work, and unsupervised; apprentices can perform all armor-repair functions. The cost to the armorer, compared to the apprentice's wage, shows you how long it takes to repair (2 gp/week for one apprentice, remember).
Example: A set of chain mail has taken 10 points of damage in combat. The owner brings it in to be repaired. Retail value of chain mail is 75 gp, so the cost to repair each point of damage will be .75 gp, or 75 cp. The armorer repairs the 10 points of damage, which costs him 750 cp (75 sp). This is less than 1 gp, so the apprentice doing the repairs takes about two days to fix the chain maul hauberk. Armorers typically charge a 50% profit on repair jobs. In the example above, the armorer's cost was 75 sp; therefore, he'd charge the customer about 115 sp for the repair job.
==Repairing Magical Armor==
Magical armor is repaired in exactly the same way. Base the cost for repairs on the normal retail value of the armor as if it were not magical.
When magical armor is damaged, holes may be driven into it, but the basic enchantment is unchanged. Therefore, the armorer doesn't have to have repair materials enchanted to "match" the original armor; all he has to do is patch up the holes and the armor will be fixed. Typically, the armorer will not even know that he's working on magical armor.
Of course, as we discuss in the Combat chapter, if a set of magical armor is damaged so severely that the enchantment is ruined, nothing a normal armorer can do will repair it. Armor that seriously damaged is ruined even as normal armor; an armorer won't be able to fix it.
==Bowyer/Fletcher==
The material on the Bowyer/Fletcher proficiency from the Player's Handbook, page 58, is all correct for use with this supplement.
A set of bowyer/fletcher's tools, which can be used at maximum efficiency by one character, costs 10 gp. (It's 15 gp for a set which can be used simultaneously by three workers, and +7.5 gp per +3 workers which can work simultaneously.) The bowyer/fletcher is not required to set up a workshop; he can work by himself in the field, if he chooses. If he chooses to set up a permanent shop, tents and huts cost the same as what's listed for the leatherworker's shop (above, under "Armorer").
Note that the construction times listed in the Player's Handbook presume that he's working a full week. If he's traveling or adventuring and working on bows and arrows in his spare time, multiply all crafting times by four. Thus, a long or short bow takes four weeks.
Cost of materials for arrows and normal bows is negligible. If the character is trying to make a weapon of truly fine quality, he must either pay 50% of the weapon's normal retail value for exceptionally fine woods, or add an extra 100% to the time it takes to craft the weapon; the extra time constitutes him having to look for the perfect wood and materials in the wild.
==Weaponsmithing==
The text on Weaponsmithing proficiency from the Player's Handbook is basically correct, but let's elaborate on it.
As mentioned, a weaponsmith does need to have a smithy. The costs for having a smithy are given above in this section, under "Armorer." In fact, the same smithy can be used for armoring and weaponsmithing.
The Weapon Construction numbers on Weapon Construction table on page 65 of the Player's Handbook are correct. It constitutes one Overseer-level weaponsmith working by himself and crafting weapons of average quality. An Overseer weaponsmith working with two apprentices cuts the time in half. The time indicated on the chart should be converted to weeks so that you can compare the weaponsmith's times with the armorer's; consider 5 days on the chart to constitute one week.
===Weaponsmithing Failure===
When constructing a weapon, at the end of the weapon-making process, the weaponsmith makes his Weaponsmithing proficiency ability check. He'll use the Proficiency Modifier based on the weapon and the weapon quality he's trying to achieve; see the chart below, under "Weapon Quality," for that modifier.
If he successfully makes his check, he's created the weapon he wanted to create.
If he fails by 1, 2, 3, or 4, he's created a weapon that looks like what he intended to make. . . but he knows it has a serious structural flaw. In a real combat, if the wielder rolls a natural 5 or less on his attack roll, the weapon breaks and is useless. (For some reason, it just won't break in practice combats. . . only in the real thing.) He can still sell the weapon, of course, but eventually, after he's done this sort of thing a few times, his reputation as a craftsman will be utterly ruined. It's better just to break the item, sell it as a wall-hanger, etc.
If he fails by 5 or more, the weapon breaks and is ruined during the last stages of the creation process (for example, when it's being cooled after heat-tempering).
===Weapon Quality===
It is possible to construct weapons of different quality than just average.
Poor quality weapons are shabbily made. They look bad, and like the flawed weapons described above, they break on a natural attack roll of 1 to 5. They don't hit as well (this is a penalty to the attack roll) or do as much damage (penalty to the damage) as their average-quality equivalents.
Average quality weapons are not especially notable; they get the job done, they're reliable, and they're inexpensive. Unless otherwise noted, all (non-magical) weapons listed on charts in the AD&D® game are of average quality.
Fine quality weapons are very well-made. Each will have one specific bonus: Either a +1 to attack rolls or a +1 to damage. This bonus is not magical; it comes from improved balance, sharpness, etc. (The weaponsmith determines, when he's making the weapon, whether he's trying to make it more accurate or make it hit harder.) They also cost a lot more than average weapons. Enchantments are typically made on weapons of at least Fine quality. Exceptional quality weapons are like fine weapons, but have both bonuses: They're +1 to attack rolls and +1 to damage. They're also very expensive. The following list, adapted from the list on page 65, shows the differences in cost and time to create weapons of these different levels of quality.
 	Time to Construct	Time to Construct	Time to Construct	Time to Construct
Weapon Type 	Poor 	Average 	Fine 	Exceptional
Arrowhead 	20/day 	10/day 	5/day 	1/day
Battle Axe 	5 days 	10 days 	20 days 	45 days
Hand Axe 	2 days 	5 days 	10 days 	20 days
Dagger 	3 days 	5 days 	10 days 	20 days
H. Crossbow 	10 days 	20 days 	45 days 	90 days
L. Crossbow 	8 days 	15 days 	30 days 	60 days
Fork, Trident	10 days 	20 days 	45 days 	90 days
Spear, Lance 	2 days 	4 days 	10 days 	20 days
Short Sword 	10 days 	20 days 	45 days 	90 days
Long Sword 	15 days 	30 days 	60 days 	120 days
Sword 	20 days 	45 days 	90 days 	180 days
 	Effects OnPerformance	Effects OnPerformance	 	Mod. to ProfCheck toCraft
Weapon Quality	Attack 	Damage 	Breaks 	Mod. to ProfCheck toCraft
Poor 	–1 	–1 	1–5 on d20	+2
Average 	0 	0 	1 on d20* 	0
Fine 	+1 	+1 	** 	–2
Exceptional 	+1 	+1 	** 	–4
: * This isn't an automatic break; it breaks only if the DM feels like it. ** Fine weapons get either a +1 to attack rolls or +1 to damage, not both. Fine and Exceptional weapons break only in remarkable circumstances, as dictated by the DM (for example, a powerful enemy rolling a natural 20 when hitting the weapon, or the character rolling a natural 1 when striking at an artifact). 
==Weapons Not Shown==
If you're trying to construct a weapon not shown on this chart, compare it to the most similar weapon that is on the chart and use those values. (The DM has the final say on what is most similar.) For instance, if you're trying to create a halberd, that's closest to a fork or trident. If you're trying to create a bastard sword, that's closest to a long sword.