James E. Talmage

James Edward Talmage (September 21 1862 – July 27 1933) born in Hungerford, Berkshire, England, was a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1911 until his death in 1933.
==Early life==
Elder Talmage grew up in Hungerford, England. He was baptized into The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints at age 10 on June 15, 1873. In August 1873 he was ordained a deacon.Andrew Jenson. LDS Biographical Encyclopedia, Vol. 3, p. 787
 
Elder Talmage moved with his family to Provo, Utah in 1877. In Provo he studied the Normal Course at Brigham Young Academy, having as one of his teachers Karl G. Maeser. He graduated in 1880.
In 1881, Talmage received a collegiate diploma from the BYA Scientific Department, the first such diploma to be issued.
His early predilection was for the sciences, and in 1882-1883 he took selected courses in chemistry and geology at Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. 
Though a special student and not a candidate for a degree, he passed during his single year of residence nearly all the examinations in the four-year course and later graduated; and in 1883-1884 he was engaged in advanced work at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. In 1891 Elder Talmage received a B.S. degree from Lehigh University and he received a Ph.D. from Illinois Wesleyan University in 1896. He had done all his work for his Ph.D. as a non-resident student.Jenson. Biographical Encyclopedia. Vol 3, p. 787
==Family==
Elder Talmage married Mary May Booth on the June 14, 1888 in the Manti Temple. They had a total of eight children.Daniel H. Ludlow, ed., Encyclopedia of Mormonism, Apendix 1, p. 1648 
Among their children was John Talmage who wrote a biography of his father.
James E. Talmage's son Sterling B. Talmage (1889-1956) followed his example and became a geologist.Sterling B. Talmage Papers
==Academic career==
Elder Talmage was elected to life membership in several learned societies, and for many years was a Fellow of the Royal Microscopical Society (London), Fellow of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society (Edinburgh), Fellow of the Geological Society (London), Fellow of the Geological Society of America, Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Associate of the Philosophical Society of Great Britain, and Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. In 1897 Elder Talmage went to a geographical meeting in Russia under the auspices of the Scottish Geographical society and then from there traveled on a geological expedition that crossed the Ural Mountains. 
Elder Talmage taught science at Brigham Young Academy. He first began teaching at Brigham Young Academy when he was still seventeen. He continued teaching there after he had undertaken advanced studies in the eastern United States. He served as president of the University of Utah from 1894-1897.University of Utah Alumni Association e-newsletter, U-News & Views, August 2007 From 1897-1907 Elder Talmage served as a professor of geology at the University of Utah. From 1907 until his call as an apostle in 1911, he worked as a full-time geological consultant.
In 1909 Talmage was serving as the director of the Deseret Museum. He went to Detroit in November of that year to participate in diggings connected with the Scotford-Soper-Savage relics craze that involved the finding of supposed ancient relics in much of Michigan.Richard B. Stamps, "Tools Leave Marks: Material Analysis of the Scotford-Soper-Savage Michigan Relics" in BYU Studies Vol. 40 (2001) no. 3 p. 212. Talmage would go on to denounce these findings as a forgery in the September 1911 edition of the Deseret Museum Bulletin in an article entitled "The Michigan Relics: A Story of Forgery and Deception".
==Religious writings==
Elder Talmage was the author of several religious books such as Jesus the Christ, The House of the Lord, The Great Apostasy and The Articles of Faith. These books are an effort to clarify LDS doctrine and are still widely read by Latter-day Saints.
In 1911 the First Presidency of the Church was shocked to learn that a photographer had gained unauthorized access to the Salt Lake Temple and had taken numerous photographs of the interior. He was now holding those photographs ransom for 100,000 dollars. Talmage suggested that the First Presidency commission its own photographs of the temple. Joseph F. Smith, then president of the Church, then suggested that Talmage write a treatise on the subject of the temple, to accompany the publication of the photographs. It was done, and shortly thereafter the book titled "The House of the Lord" was published in 1912.
==Political involvement==
While he lived in Provo and taught at BYA, Elder Talmage served as a member of the Provo City council and later as a justice of the peace.Jenson. Biographical Encyclopedia. Vol. 3, p. 787
Elder Talmage went to Washington D.C. to testify in the Smoot Hearings.
==Religious offices==
In 1884 Elder Talmage was called as an alternate member of the High Council of the Utah Stake. At that time the Utah Stake included all of Utah County.
Elder Talmage became a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles in 1911. From 1924-1928 Elder Talmage served as president of the European Mission, with headquarters in Great Britain. He directly supervised missionary work in Britain and oversaw the activities of the mission presidents in the other missions in Europe as well.Arnold K. Garr, Donald Q. Cannon and Ricahrd O. Cowan, ed. Encyclopedia of Latter-day Saint History. p. 1217-1218 
Elder Talmage died in 1933.
==Honors==
The Mathematics and Computer Sciences Building at Brigham Young University is named after Talmage. There is also a building on the University of Utah campus named after him.
==Published works==
*First Book of Nature (1888)
*The Domesitc Science, a Book for Use in Schools and for General Reading (1891) online 1892 second edition
*Tables for Blowpipe Determinations of Minerals (1898)
*The Articles of Faith: A Series of Lectures on the Principal Doctrines of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (1899) online
*The Great Salt Lake, Present and Past (1900) online
*The Great Apostasy: Considered in the Light of Scriptural and Secular History (1909) online
*The Story of Mormonism (1910) online 1920 seventh edition
*The House of the Lord (1912)
*The Philosophy of Mormonism (1914)
*Jesus the Christ: A Study of the Messiah and His Mission According to the Holy Scriptures Both Ancient and Modern (1915) online
*Latter-Day Revelations: Selections from the Book of Doctrine and Covenants of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Deseret Book Company (1915)
*The Vitality of Mormonism, Deseret Book Company (1919) online
*Sunday Night Talks by Radio (1930)
*The Parables of James E. Talmage, comp. Albert L. Zobell, Jr. Deseret Book Company (1973)
*The Essential James E. Talmage, Signature Books, Salt Lake City, 1997, ISBN 1-56085-018-3
==Notes==
==External links==
*James E. Talmage Journal. Volume 1, 1924. Digital Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University.
*James E. Talmage Journal. Volume 2, 1924-1925. Digital Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University.
*James E. Talmage Journal. Volume 3, 1926. Digital Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University.
*James E. Talmage Journal. Volume 4, 1927. Digital Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University.
*James E. Talmage Journal. Volume 5, 1928. Digital Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University.
*James Edward Talmage, by Jeffrey S. Hardy, in Mormon Missionary Diaries. Digital Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University.
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* The Great Apostasy 
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*Utah Historical Encyclopedia article on Talmage
Category:Church Leaders: Past
Category:Apostles
Category:Converts
Category:Mission presidents
Category:Brigham Young University alumni
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