1952 Belgian Grand Prix

The 1952 Belgian Grand Prix was the third race of the 1952 Formula One season, set to take place at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, Francorchamps, Spa, Belgium over the weekend of 22 June 1952. The race took place under wet track conditions.
This race was won by Alberto Ascari of , putting him in a tie for first place in the World Drivers' Championship with Piero Taruffi. This would also be Mike Hawthorn's first Formula One Grand Prix.
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==Background==
The 1952 Belgian Grand Prix would also have the honorary title of the European Grand Prix of 1952. The long and treacherous Spa-Francorchamps circuit would play host to the third round of the world championship, three weeks after the season opener's at Bremgarten in Switzerland and the Indianapolis 500 in the USA. 
The three weeks in between the Swiss and Belgian rounds of the championship saw much action in the non-championship races in Formula Two. However during this time, there would be notable tragedy in the lead-up to the Belgian Grand Prix. Luigi Fagioli, the famed pre-war racer who had been a championship contender in 1950 as well as the joint winner alongside Juan Manuel Fangio of the 1951 French Grand Prix had suffered serious internal injuries in a touring car race in Monaco. Shortly after this, Fangio himself, the reigning world champion had broken his neck whilst racing the new Maserati A6GCM for the first time at the Monza Grand Prix. Fangio it seemed would survive, however it was likely his injuries would keep him out of racing for the remainder of the season, leaving little hope in defending his crown. His former Alfa Romeo teammate, Fagioli, however was not so lucky. Only two days before the race at the Belgian Grand Prix, Fagioli at age 54, had succcumbed to his injuries. 
*Ferrari: As had been predicted pre-season, Ferrari and their new 500 model car were proving dominant in each grand prix, championship and non-championship alike. Giuseppe Farina had been unlucky to not win at Bremgarten, he therefore gifted the win to teammate Piero Taruffi. Both drivers would return to drive the Ferrari 500 at Belgium, however they would now also have to compete alongside Ferrari's top driver, Alberto Ascari. Ascari had an unsuccessful attempt at entering the Indianapolis 500, missing the season opener in Switzerland. Also missing the opening round in Bern was Lugi Villoresi, a road accident had caused great injury and he would have to wait still longer for his motor racing return. Louis Rosier enter a private Ferrari 500 entrant for his team, Ecurie Rosier whilst Charles de Tornaco would also enter a private Ferrari 500, making his Formula One debut at his home event for Ecurie Francorchamps.
*Gordini: With the exception of Maurice Trintignant, Gordini entered their usual line-up of Robert Manzon, Jean Behra and Prince Bira. The team also entered a fourth car for Belgian, Johnny Claes. Claes would get his first race for a works team in the championship, the Belgian usually competing as a backmarker privateer. Claes had also purchased an old Simca-Gordini chassis that he would continue to enter in future events to replace his old Talbot-Lago. The car was loaned out to Robert O'Brien, an American sportscar driver who would make his debut in Belgium whilst racing Claes's car.
*HWM: HWM entered a total of four works cars into the Belgian event. Regular drivers, Peter Collins and Lance Macklin were joined in the team by guest drivers, Paul Frère, a Belgian motorsport journalist who had demonstrated some good skill behind the wheel and Roger Laurent, another Belgian who usually worked for the Ecurie Francorchamps team. HWM would also have presence from the privateer car of an Australian Second World War flying ace turned racer, Tony Gaze. 
*ERA: For the first time, the ERA manufacturer would be entering a works entry to the world championship. The company had produced a new G series of its cars, being designed by part-time racer, Leslie Johnson. The car had proven troublesome in its opening test sessions at Silverstone and Lindley, the car's test driver, Cameron Earl was in fact killed at a test session whilst developing the car. Stirling Moss had swapped from HWM in Switzerland to ERA for Belgium, the young British hopeful leading ERA's first works entry into the championship.
*Cooper: The private squad of Ecurie Richmond would return for Belgium, the Cooper T20 had a successful debut with Alan Brown scoring points in the car's first attempt. Brown and teammate, Eric Brandon would once again be representing the squad in Belgium. A third Cooper-Bristol would be entered for Mike Hawthorn, another young British hopeful with a lot of talent. Hawthorn, after only a single season of Formula Two demonstrated incredible talent, his drive being financed by entrepreneur Robert Chase and his Cooper T20 being entered and maintained by a team run by his father, Leslie Hawthorn. 
*Fraser Nash: Frazer Nash had an encouraging grand prix debut in Switzerland when their driver, Ken Wharton, drove a quiet and consistent race to bring the car home in an impressive fourth position. Frazer Nash and their Scuderia Franera racing team were once again entrants in Belgium, Wharton once again behind the wheel of the car. 
*Veritas: A lone Veritas Meteor chassis would be entered for the Belgian Grand Prix by one of Belgium's best pre-war racers, Arthur Legat. Now largely retired from racing, the 54 year old Belgian veteran made a one-off return for his home grand prix. 
*Aston: Another new British manufacturer to hit the grand prix scene was the Aston-Butterworth, a joint-venture from racing driver Bill Aston and designer, Archie Butterworth. The car entering the grand prix scene in 1952 would see use in Belgium from the British privateer Robin Montgomerie-Charrington. 
==Qualifying==
===Report===
The practice sessions were totally dominated by Ascari in his Ferrari 500. The Ferrari lead driver was three seconds faster than teammate Farina in second, whilst the third Ferrari of Taruffi was a further seven seconds off Ascari's best 4:37.0 time. The Ferrari's were left unchallenged in the timesheets, Manzon's Gordini in fourth was fifteen seconds behind Ascari's pole time. Behra continued to impress by putting his Gordini into fifth.
The British contingent followed thereafter, Hawthorn in his first grand prix leading the timesheets to put his Cooper sixth on the grid. Hawthorn was remarkably nine seconds faster than Alan Brown in the second fastest Cooper. Brown, however would be glad to escape a large accident in practice unscathed. Brandon was the final Cooper driver in twelfth position. Wharton's Frazer Nash was right behind Hawthorn on the timesheets whilst the local driver, Frère was the fastest of the HWM cars in eighth. The new ERA had a troublesome debut, Moss had very little track time, his car having continually piston problems in the engine. Moss however did well to recover and put the ERA in tenth position, a single place ahead of HWM rival, Peter Collins. 
De Tornaco was disappointed to be only thirteenth in his private Ferrari 500, however he still outclassed the other privateer Ferrari of Rosier who was stuck down in seventeenth. Macklin of HWM was in fourteenth whilst the Aston Butterworth's debut at the hands of Montgomerie-Charrington would start from fifteenth. Gaze, driving the private HWM was in sixteenth ahead of Bira in the old Simca-Gordini model. 
Claes was well off the pace, his first works drive with Gordini saw him manage only nineteenth on the grid, he sat ahead of fellow Belgians, Laurent and Legat. The final grid position was occupied by O'Brien's Simca-Gordini, six seconds slower than Legat's Veritas, one grid place ahead of him. 
===Results===
Pos	No.	Driver 	Constructor	Time 	Gap
1 	4 	Alberto Ascari 	 	4:37.0	
2 	2 	Nino Farina 	 	4:40.0	+ 3.0
3 	6 	Piero Taruffi 	 	4:46.0	+ 9.0
4 	14 	Robert Manzon 	 	4:52.0	+ 15.0
5 	16 	Jean Behra 	 	4:56.0	+ 19.0
6 	8 	Mike Hawthorn 	 	4:58.0	+ 21.0
7 	36 	Ken Wharton 	 	5:01.0	+ 24.0
8 	28 	Paul Frère 	 	5:05.0	+ 28.0
9 	10 	Alan Brown 	 	5:07.0	+ 30.0
10 	32 	Stirling Moss 	 	5:07.6	+ 30.6
11 	26 	Peter Collins 	 	5:09.0	+ 32.0
12 	12 	Eric Brandon 	 	5:11.0	+ 34.0
13 	34 	Charles de Tornaco 	 	5:14.5	+ 37.5
14 	24 	Lance Macklin 	 	5:17.1	+ 40.1
15 	40 	Robin Montgomerie-Charrington	 	5:19.3	+ 42.3
16 	42 	Tony Gaze 	 	5:22.8	+ 45.8
17 	22 	Louis Rosier 	 	5:25.7	+ 48.7
18 	20 	Prince Bira 	 	5:28.4	+ 51.4
19 	18 	Johnny Claes 	 	5:31.1	+ 54.1
20 	30 	Roger Laurent 	 	5:37.9	+ 1:00.9
21 	38 	Arthur Legat 	 	5:45.0	+ 1:08.0
22 	44 	Robert O'Brien 	 	5:51.0	+ 1:14.0
==Race==
===Report===
The practice sessions had been completely dry, however as the cars began to line up on the grid, a downpour began to afflict the circuit. At the start, Taruffi stalled his Ferrari and fell to ninth position. Manzon, forced to take avoiding action around Taruffi's motionless Ferrari also dropped back. Behra made a fantastic start, by the end of the first lap he had moved past Farina and Ascari to take the lead of the race. By the end of the first lap, Behra led ahead of Ascari, Farina, Hawthorn, Wharton, Frère, Brown, Manzon and Taruffi. Moss had also performed a good start, he had moved his ERA up into fifth position, however he would not make it to the end of the first lap. The ERA's troublesome engine seized, locking the rear wheels and sending Moss spinning off the circuit.
Behra had taken the initial lead, however Ascari and Farina continued to pressure him, on the second lap whilst exiting La Source, the wild Behra spun, dropping behind the two Ferrari's. The Ferrari's thereafter began to open up a lead, Ascari gradually pulling away from Farina in second.
The rain was falling more heavily, however it did not prevent the Ferrari cars from pushing hard. Whilst Ascari and Farina led the race, Taruffi was performing a storming comeback after his dreadful start. By the end of lap four, Taruffi had found his way back into fourth position. Dropping out of the race was Collins's HWM, pulling into the pits on lap three to retire with half shaft failure. Rosier then pulled out of the race with transmission failure on lap six. Wharton in sixth place then had a major accident, his Frazer Nash spinning backwards at Stavelot and crashing through a barbed wire fence. Wharton was lucky to emerge with only cuts and bruises following a major accident.
Taruffi's rise to fourth place had been swift, however Behra sitting in third place was proving much more troublesome to overtake. After ten laps of sitting behind Behra, Taruffi finally moved into third place on lap fourteen. However this did not last long, only a couple of corners after passing Behra, Taruffi spun his car at Malmedy, Behra behind had no where to go and collided with the spinning Taruffi. Both cars ended up in a ditch on the side of the circuit, however whilst they both luckily emerged from their wrecks, they were both out of the race.
The Aston Butterworth's debut would come to an end when Montgomerie-Charrington pulled out of the race with engine failure on lap seventeen. The race was left to be fairly processional, Ascari was dominating at the front of the race with Farina in a comfortable second. Mike Hawthorn had been doing an amazing job on his world championship debut, he had been running as high as third, however Manzon, who had taken up the Gordini charge following Behra's retirement had overtaken Brown and Frère to move into fourth position. Hopes for a podium on his debut were dashed for Hawthorn when he was forced into a pit stop due to a leaky fuel tank. 
The rain eased off towards the end of the race, the drivers taking it relatively easy in the race's final stint. Ascari would win the race after creating almost a two-minute gap ahead of Farina, who would finish in second position. Ascari fell just short of a Grand Chelem, having led all of the laps of the race, with the exception of the first lap in which Behra was the leader. This would have been his first of five Grand Chelems that he would score in his career. Manzon was pleased to come home in third to score his first podium, the Gordini's proving they could be a somewhat frustration to Ferrari's domination. 
Cooper once again scored points in the championship, the youthful Hawthorn impressing all to score a fourth place finish in his private Cooper T20. Paul Frère was a popular fifth place, the Belgian motorsport journalist demonstrating his worth by scoring points at his home race. De Tornaco, Claes, Brandon, Bira, Macklin, Laurent, Legat, O'Brien and Gaze rounded out the final finishers in the race. Last place finisher, Gaze, notably hitting a bird in the latter stages of the race.
===Results===
Pos.	No.	Driver 	Manufacturer	Laps	Time/Retired	Grid	Pts.
1 	4 	Alberto Ascari 	 	36 	3h 03m 46.3s	1 	9
2 	2 	Nino Farina 	 	36 	+1:55.2 	2 	6
3 	14 	Robert Manzon 	 	36 	+4:28.4 	4 	4
4 	8 	Mike Hawthorn 	 	35 	+1 Lap 	6 	3
5 	28 	Paul Frère 	 	34 	+2 Laps 	8 	2
6 	10 	Alan Brown 	 	34 	+2 Laps 	9 	
7 	34 	Charles de Tornaco 	 	33 	+3 Laps 	13 	
8 	18 	Johnny Claes 	 	33 	+3 Laps 	19 	
9 	12 	Eric Brandon 	 	33 	+3 Laps 	12 	
10 	20 	Prince Bira 	 	32 	+4 Laps 	18 	
11 	24 	Lance Macklin 	 	32 	+4 Laps 	14 	
12 	30 	Roger Laurent 	 	32 	+4 Laps 	20 	
13 	38 	Arthur Legat 	 	31 	+5 Laps 	21 	
14 	44 	Robert O'Brien 	 	30 	+6 Laps 	22 	
15 	42 	Tony Gaze 	 	30 	+6 Laps 	16 	
Ret 	40 	Robin Montgomerie-Charrington	 	17 	Engine 	15 	
Ret 	6 	Piero Taruffi 	 	13 	Accident 	3 	
Ret 	16 	Jean Behra 	 	13 	Accident 	5 	
Ret 	36 	Ken Wharton 	 	10 	Spun Off 	7 	
Ret 	22 	Louis Rosier 	 	6 	Transmission	17 	
Ret 	26 	Peter Collins 	 	3 	Halfshaft 	11 	
Ret 	32 	Stirling Moss 	 	0 	Engine 	10 	
==Milestones==
*Mike Hawthorn's first Grand Prix.
*Alberto Ascari's first fastest lap in Formula One.
*Robert Manzon's first Formula One podium.
==Standings after race==
Pos.	Driver 	Pts	+/-
1 	Alberto Ascari	9 	
2 	Piero Taruffi 	9 	41
3 	Troy Ruttman 	8 	1
4 	Nino Farina 	6 	26
5 	Rudi Fischer 	6 	2
6 	Jim Rathmann 	6 	2
7 	Robert Manzon 	4 	23
8 	Sam Hanks 	4 	2
9 	Jean Behra 	4 	4
10 	Duane Carter 	3 	2
11 	Ken Wharton 	3 	4
12 	Mike Hawthorn 	3 	54
13 	Alan Brown 	2 	4
14 	Arthur Cross 	2 	4
15 	Paul Frère 	2 	51
16 	Bill Vukovich 	1 	5
==External Links==
Category:Grand Prix articles
Category:Belgian Grand Prix
Category:European Grand Prix
Category:1952 Grands Prix
Category:1952 Formula One Season
Category:Formula One races in Belgium