Mushu

Mushu is the deuteragonist of Disney's 1998 animated feature film Mulan. He is a pint-sized, fast-talking, self-absorbed Chinese dragon and the self-appointed guardian of Fa Mulan.
==Background==
Mushu used to be a guardian spirit of the Fa family, but he had been demoted to the humiliating position of an incense burner and a gong-ringer for the deceased Fa ancestors ever since he failed to protect a family member, a soldier named Fa Deng, resulting in the soldier's demise by decapitation (he is seen carrying his own head as a spirit). Mushu's reputation would suffer dearly from this, with the eldest of the ancestors refusing to even acknowledge Mushu as a "real dragon", evoking a bitter and eager-to-please side to his personality.
===Development===
Mulan's early story development was concurrent with a Scottish folk tale project that featured a dragon character. When that project ended up being canceled, Mulan ended up inheriting the idea of a dragon sidekick.
At first, Mulan's companions were to be two reptilian creatures; the idea of the creatures being dragons had not yet been established. However, feeling that two sidekicks would overcrowd the story, the animators then decided on a two-headed dragon, though they were green and grotesque. After the animators decided on a single-headed dragon, they established Mushu's physical concept. Originally, Disney rejected the idea of having a dragon as Mulan's partner, but after learning that Chinese dragons could be many different sizes, the idea came back. For better use, the animators shrunk Mushu to a smaller size.
Around the time when the music of the film was to be created, the songwriters had written a piece for Mushu for him to sing to assure Mulan that he'll be there to help her. However, after Eddie Murphy came to voice the character, the character and his dynamic changed and the animators canceled the piece, although it was a favorite among the filmmakers.
===Personality===
In contrast to Mulan, Mushu is in most situations more comical, overconfident, and impulsive. He strives to be one of the family guardians again and selfishly comes to Mulan's aid to turn her into a war hero, believing this will get him back on the "top shelf." However, he eventually comes to realize the error of his ways, admitting to Mulan that he risked her life to further his own goals. Mushu even comes to care about Mulan where he places her safety and happiness above his own, showing a side of selflessness. He then intends to take her home to face the consequences of his actions, but when she insists on stopping the Huns, Mushu loyally follows her, showing that underneath, he has a good heart.
Mushu is always paired with Cri-Kee, who acts as a straight-man sidekick to the gregarious Mushu. Together, the two are often at odds, as Cri-Kee is selfless and cautious, whilst Mushu is often self-centered and impulsive. Cri-Kee will often try to guide Mushu down the right path, but Mushu often takes this as nothing more than pestering. Despite their "frenemy" status, Mushu values Cri-Kee as his friend and partner.
===Powers and abilities===
Mushu is based on a traditional Eastern dragon, which is radically different from Western dragons. Unlike their Western counterparts, Eastern dragons could control many elements and do not require wings to fly and were portrayed as benevolent creatures, oftentimes respected as gods. Mushu's element, however (presumably to reassure the viewers that he is a dragon) is fire. However, even the Great Ancestor himself does not consider Mushu to be a "real" dragon - he is very small, about the size of a lizard, and his fire-breathing ability is less than impressive, making him more useful as an emergency fire-lighter rather than as a weapon. According to a statement by Mushu, this is not his real size and claims to be larger than a horse at least, although this is not proven.
As a mythical creature, Mushu is very durable, to the point of being seemingly immortal. He endures being stomped on, explosions, and an avalanche in the first movie. He can also understand other animals, as seen when he converses with Cri-Kee, Mulan's lucky cricket, and her horse Khan. At one point, when he disguises himself as a soldier riding a horse but cannot find a horse (except for Khan who wouldn't help anyway), he finds and persuades a panda bear.
Mushu also claims that he has the ability to see straight through Mulan's armor (and presumably other things), but this is a one-off joke that is never brought up again.
==Appearances==
===Mulan===
At the start of the film, Mushu is first seen as a copper incense burner in the Fa Family's temple when Fa Zhou prays for the ancestors to help Mulan impress the matchmaker. Mushu does not make his official appearance in his living form until after Mulan runs away from home to serve in her elderly father Fa Zhou's place in a war against the deadly Hun army. Knowing that Mulan's exposure will lead to the disgrace of the Fa family, the spirits of the ancestors choose to send the Great Stone Dragon to simply bring her back safely. For the task of awakening him, they send Mushu, who is offended when he is not asked to find her himself. In the past, his actions in protecting the Fa family led to disaster. After several unsuccessful attempts at waking the dragon, he ends up accidentally destroying the dragon statue. Cri-Kee suggests that Mushu bring Mulan back safe instead so that he won't be punished, but Mushu retorts by saying he would have to bring her back with a medal to ever show his face in the temple. However, this gives him the idea to make his own plan of making Mulan a war hero, selfishly endangering her life in the process.
He meets her in a bamboo thicket overlooking the army camp and poses as her powerful guardian, offering to "guide her through her masquerade," though she is mildly impressed because of his small stature. They make their way for the camp where Mushu continuously gives Mulan (in the guise of Ping) unsuccessful advice on acting masculine. The advice eventually leads to a brawl which causes Mulan to become the most unpopular soldier at the camp. For the next couple of days, Mulan progresses along with the others in skills, but the Emperor's adviser Chi-Fu feels the troops are still unqualified for the war. To keep his plan intact, Mushu creates a phony message alerting Captain Li Shang and the troops to head to the front immediately.
During a run-in with Shan Yu and the Huns (inadvertently caused by Mushu, himself), Mulan gets injured and is forced into medical care. This results in Mulan's secret being discovered, and she is left on a mountain summit as punishment. Mushu takes the time to come clean with his ulterior motives, but apologizes and promises to stay by Mulan's side no matter what. Just then, Mulan spots Shan Yu, the leader of the Huns, making way for the city. Mulan, Mushu, Cri-Kee, and Khan make way to the city to warn Shang. At the Emperor's palace, Mulan battles Shan Yu and comes up with a plan. She leads him onto the roof, where Mushu fires a rocket at the villain. Shan Yu is then blasted to the New Year's fireworks tower and is killed in the explosion. Mulan is deemed China's bravest warrior, and as a reward for his assistance in restoring the Fa family honor, Mushu regains his job as a family guardian (to the reluctance of the First Fa Ancestor).
===Mulan II===
In the sequel, Mushu serves as the tritagonist. When Mulan prepares to marry Li Shang, Mushu is at first overjoyed to the point of tears, going as far as planning the wedding himself. However, things change once the ancestors, who are irritated by his orders on giving him special treatment, tell him that if Mulan marries Shang, his family's guardians will take over for him, thus demoting Mushu back to gong duty. Desperate to keep his current job, he continuously tries to break the two apart.
After many failed attempts, he finally succeeds. However, Mushu begins to feel regretful when he sees Mulan sad and eventually tells Mulan the truth, infuriating her for a short time. Aside from this, Mulan and Shang were meant to escort three princesses to Qui Gong for an arranged marriage with the pompous Lord Qin's sons. The princesses fall in love with Yao, Ling, and Chien Po, with Mulan supporting it after Mushu's other schemes. To prevent the princesses from marrying the princes, Mulan decides to marry one of them in their place, specifically the eldest childish son, Prince Jeeki.
To redeem himself, and rescue Mulan from her fate, Mushu poses himself as the worshiped Golden Dragon of Unity by speaking in its statue and forces the king to cancel the marriage, serving as its officiator for Mulan and Shang. Having grown less selfish, Mushu pronounces the couple husband and wife, along with allowing the princesses to marry who they love. Back home at the house of the Fa family, Mushu prepares to leave his pedestal and return to gong duty while the eager ancestors give him chores as revenge for his constant demands to them. But then, Mulan and Shang arrive at the temple and Shang merges their families' temples, thus allowing Mushu to keep his job as family guardian, which causes him to celebrate and also accidentally appear in front of Shang, who had learned about him through Mulan. He orders the ancestors to prepare him some pampering, much to their continuous dismay.
===House of Mouse===
Mushu appears as a recurring guest in the animated series and is usually seen with Cri-Kee. He typically acts as something of a heckler.
In "House of Genius", Mushu expressed his annoyance with Donald's voice and after the staff was replaced with robotic counterparts, he claims the Robo-Donald to be much better than the real Donald, but later came to dislike the robots along with the other guests. He is last seen in the episode arguing with Robo-Donald, warning him to not make him lose his temper (to which the robot says, "Does not compute," before the real Donald quacks angrily at him, showing that the dragon himself is just as hotheaded).
In "House of Scrooge", Scrooge McDuck showcased his Number One Dime to the guests, but Mushu was unimpressed and thought of it more like a bottle cap. He even consulted Cri-Kee on whether the dime in question is really "lucky" like Scrooge describes is, which the cricket, like Mushu, both mutually disagree with Scrooge's claim.
In "Chip 'n' Dale", Mushu was the only guest to help Pete finally open his bag of nuts.
In "Dining Goofy", Goofy mixed up Mushu's order and gave him ice water, resulting in Mushu losing his fire-breathing abilities. Later, when the computers took over Goofy's waiting duties, he and Cri-Kee were served spicy Kung Pao Chicken, which helped regain Mushu's fire-breathing abilities.
In "Mickey and Minnie's Big Vacation", he blames Maleficent for setting the club on fire.
In "House of Turkey", he was part of the audience on stage giving thanks on Thanksgiving and when Cri-Kee made him thank the little people, Grumpy tells the dwarfs that they don't even know him. His "giving thanks" speech was reused in Mickey's Magical Christmas: Snowed in at the House of Mouse, along with Cinderella's and Eeyore's speeches.
In "Halloween With Hades", he comments in response to Hades being rejected by Maleficent with "Ouch, talk about being shot down in flames".
===Other appearances===
In Once Upon a Time, Mushu does not appear. However, the personality, costume design, and red smoke power of the Dragon (portrayed by Tzi Ma) in season two—a Chinese Healer established in Hong Kong and killed by Tamara—is reminiscent of Mushu.
In It's a Small World: The Animated Series, Mushu makes a brief, non-speaking cameo in the episode "Just One Moon".
In Ralph Breaks the Internet, Mulan's jacket (as part of her comfy clothes ensemble) has graphic artwork of Mushu.
==Video games==
===Animated StoryBook: Mulan===
In the interactive game, Mushu is tasked by the Great Ancestor to deliver magical scrolls to the Emperor. After being startled by Cri-Kee, Mushu accidentally drops the scrolls, which causes some details of Mulan's story to go missing. Mushu then embarks on a journey throughout China to recover the scroll's magic and complete his assignment. In the end, he successfully reaches the Emperor and asks if his majesty is in need of an "imperial guardian."
===Kingdom Hearts series===
Mushu plays a recurring role in the franchise serving a unique role as a summon in Kingdom Hearts and Chain of Memories, where he can appear to Sora by a card or gem and aid him in battle. His world does not appear in Kingdom Hearts, due to its destruction. Fortunately, after the conclusion of the game, his world is restored, and he returns to it.
Mushu resumes the events of his world in Kingdom Hearts II continuing with Mulan on her journey, although not as a summon. However, he has a larger involvement in his world's storyline as a reprisal of his role from the film. In during which, he ropes Sora, Donald, and Goofy into helping Mulan become a war hero as "payback" for his work as a summon in the original Kingdom Hearts. Despite no longer serving as a summon, Mushu is instrumental to Sora and Mulan's joint limit attack, where he launches fireballs into the sky, which crashes onto the battlefield and eradicates numerous enemies at a time.
===Epic Mickey: Power of Illusion===
Mushu is one of the many captive Disney characters in the game, trapped in the Wasteland by an evil witch known as Mizrabel, along with Mulan. After being rescued, the warrior asks Mickey Mouse to find Mushu, which he does in the Castle South Hall. After being rescued, he retires to the Fortress with the other rescued Disney characters until eventually returning back home to the world of iconic Disney characters.
===Disney Heroes: Battle Mode===
Mushu appears in the game as one of the playable and unlockable characters with thirty tokens. Just like in the movie, Mushu can spit fire at enemies and cast his sinister shadow to scare and silence them, and sticks his tongue out in his victory pose. His mission friends are Mulan, Gerald, Marlin and Nemo from Finding Nemo/Finding Dory, Basil of Baker Street from The Great Mouse Detective, Corey the Manticore from Onward and Sisu from Raya and the Last Dragon.
===Disney Dreamlight Valley===
While Mushu himself appears as one of the villagers, the porridge he makes for Mulan in the film (called congee in the game) is a cooking recipe. 
===Other games===
In Disney's Arcade Frenzy, Mushu hosts the mini-game, "Mu Shoot", where he is stationed at a small village in the Tung Shao Pass and must defend its inhabitants from the invading Hun army.
==Disney Parks==
Mushu appears at the Disney theme parks around the world. He can usually be seen with Mulan.
Inside The Magic of Disney Animation at Disney's Hollywood Studios and Art of Disney Animation at Walt Disney Studios Park, Mushu starred in Drawn to Animation, where he and a Cast Member take the guests on a tour through Disney animation. During the course of the show, the animated background of Mushu is revealed. Mushu criticizes his earlier designs and remembers his animators who he refers to as his friends.
===Disneyland Resort===
In Disney's It's a Small World, Mushu and Mulan appear in the Asia section of the ride. Guests can spot them in the kite-flying area, along with a kite-shaped like Mushu.
===Walt Disney World===
Mushu appears in the floating bubble montage in Disney's Hollywood Studios' version of Fantasmic! He sometimes appears beside Stitch during the finale.
At Disney's Wide World of Sports, Mushu, Mulan, and Shan Yu participate in the Martial Arts Festival.
Mushu also has a spell card known as "Mushu's Fiery Breath" in the attraction "Sorcerers of the Magic Kingdom."
===Disneyland Paris===
In France, Mushu joined in Disney Stars 'n' Cars Parade alongside Mulan at Walt Disney Studios Park until 2014.
===Shanghai Disneyland===
In Shanghai, Mushu is one of the characters set to be part of Garden of the Twelve Friends, representing the Chinese Zodiac symbol of the Dragon. His likeness is also featured during the Mulan float in Mickey's Storybook Express. In Voyage to the Crystal Grotto, a statue of Mushu is featured during Mulan's scene display.
===Disney Cruise Line===
On the Disney Fantasy show Wishes, Mushu is alluded to at the end of Mulan's segment in the form of a Chinese "Dragon Dance" costume.
==Gallery==
==Trivia==
*Mushu is named after , a popular Chinese dish in the United States.
**The characters of Mushu's Chinese name "木/Mù" and "須/xū" mean "wood" and "necessary" respectively.
***The latter character, as a noun, also means "beard," "palpus," or "feeler."
***The latter character used for Mushu's name is the traditional form; the simplified form is: 须.
*Although Mushu is technically a character made up by Disney, he was loosely inspired by Hua Mulan's cousin of the same name from the 1903 Chinese play Mulan Joins the Army, hence making Mushu his Disney counterpart. In that play, Mushu, who is orphaned from a young age and adopted by the Hua family, refuses to take his adopted father’s place in battle, so his cousin Mulan joins the army in Mushu's stead to fight against the Xiongnu.Mulan Joins the Army
*Eddie Murphy could not reprise his role as Mushu for Mulan II due to a clause in his contract for Shrek 2. Because of this, Mark Moseley replaced him. Coincidentally, Moseley has also filled in for Murphy by voicing Donkey in the video games.
* was originally cast as Mushu, but after a few voice tryouts, the animators didn't think that he was right for the role. In addition to Pesci, Steve Martin, Sinbad, Chris Tucker, Chris Rock, and Drew Carey were also considered to voice Mushu.
*In the Disney Princess franchise, Mushu is one of the sidekicks of a Disney Princess to have a more significant role than the love interest along with the Seven Dwarfs in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Jaq and Gus in Cinderella.
*In deleted scenes for Mulan, Mushu had his own song called "Keep 'em Guessing".
**Coincidentally, "Keep 'em Guessing" was used as a song in Mulan Jr., a musical version of the story written for school-aged kids to perform.
*Mushu is one of several Disney characters to break the fourth wall.
**In the film, when looking for Mulan during the avalanche sequence of the Tung Shao Pass, he sees some hair in the snow and, thinking it's Mulan, pulls out what's really a Hun, then quickly puts him back under the snow and sheepishly exclaims, "Nope!", to the audience.
**In Kingdom Hearts, Mushu produces his own copy of the original Kingdom Hearts manga and is annoyed to discover that he does not appear.
*In House of Mouse, we learn that his favorite foods are Kung Pao chicken and freshly roasted nuts. Drinking iced water prohibits his ability to breathe fire for a little while.
*In the early concept of Mulan II, Mushu was originally going to have a love interest in the form of a female dragon that looks almost identical to him. This dragon in question would have also presumably served as either Shang's confidant or family guardian.
*In the Disney Junior Encyclopedia of Animated Characters book, it says that he seems to be the only one who understands Cri-Kee's speech and often translates the little cricket's chirping.
*He does not appear in the 2020 live-action version. However, his role is replaced by a red-and-yellow phoenix due to cultural appropriation. This resulted in a lot of backlash from fans.
**Despite his absence, the phoenix itself bears a similar color scheme to Mushu.
*In the Disney Online website, Mushu became an online mascot from the early 2000s.
==References==
==External Links==
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