Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city of France. During the French Revolution, the city was divided into seven districts: Le Louvre, Île de la Cité, Le Marais, La Bièvre, Les Invalides, Quartier Latin, and Ventre de Paris.
==History==
===Formation===
Paris was founded during the 3rd century BCE when the Celtic tribe built a fortified settlement on the Île de la Cité.Assassin's Creed: Unity – 
===Roman era===
In 52 BCE, the Romans, led by Julius Caesar, conquered the Parisii Celts who inhabited the area and built a town on the Seine river, named Lutetia Parisiorum ("Swamp of the Parisii").Assassin's Creed: Valhalla – The Siege of Paris The Petit Pont was built connecting the main island to the South bank of the river serving as the outlet to the roads leading to Orléans and Lugdunum.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Petit Pont
By the 1st Century CE, a group known as the Hidden Ones installed a bureau to operate in the city.Assassin's Creed: Valhalla – The Siege of Paris – Hidden
In the late 3rd century, Paris and its surrounding region were converted to Christianity. Around 250 CE, the bishop of Paris Denis used an Apple of Eden to further the conversion but the bishop was beheaded and martyred at Montmartre by the Romans around 250 CE. Afterward, someone used the Apple to create false memories of the bishop's corpse carrying his own head to the village of Catolacus which became Saint-Denis.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Dead Kings – Database: FranciadeAssassin's Creed: Valhalla – The Siege of Paris – Notes from Eivor's travels: "Ancient Stone Tablet 2"
In the 5th century, as the Roman Empire was in decline, the Hidden Ones of the city were tasked to join their brethren of Cologne in Germania and to seal the bureau. Some refused and decided to stay in Gaul to fight in the shadows. They sealed the bureau and hid the keys in other bureaus across the region.
===Middle Ages===
====Francia====
After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Franks subsequently captured Paris in 486.
In 558, the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés was constructed in the southern countryside of Paris. It would eventually become one of the richest abbeys in France.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: St-Germain-des-Prés
In the middle of the 7th century, the nobility funded the Hôtel-Dieu on the Île de la Cité to serve as a refuge for the poor and sick. It became the first hospital in the city.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Hôtel Dieu
By 814 CE, after the death of Emperor Charlemagne, who was also the leader of the Order of the Ancients, a Hidden One stole his sword Joyeuse and hid it in the ruins of Lutetia bureau.
In the 9th century, Paris was the capital of West Francia, and it was one of the numerous cities in Western Europe that were raided by the Vikings. In 845, Ragnar Lothbrok led a large-scale invasion of Paris. Ragnar and his Vikings successfully plundered the cityAssassin's Creed Valhalla: Blood Brothers – Chapter 2 and only left after Charles the Bald paid them 7,000 livres of silver and gold.
====Siege of Paris====
From 885 to 886, Paris was once again the target for a siege by the Vikings, this time led by jarl Sigfred of the Elgring Clan as retaliation for the death of his brother Sinric.Assassin's Creed: Valhalla — The Siege of Paris – Warlord of Melun However, Sigfred's ally, jarlskona Eivor Varinsdottir of the Raven Clan soon uncovered the manipulation from a religious zealous group called the Bellatores Dei and the manic state of King Charles after killing the priest Engelwin.Assassin's Creed: Valhalla — The Siege of Paris – The Rot in the SlumsAssassin's Creed: Valhalla — The Siege of Paris – Majesty in the Dark
Despite attempts at truces with both King Charles and Count Odo,Assassin's Creed: Valhalla — The Siege of Paris – Honor and Enemies the Vikings continued to prepare for the siege.Assassin's Creed: Valhalla — The Siege of Paris – A Hidden WeaknessAssassin's Creed: Valhalla — The Siege of Paris – Fire From Heaven Invading the Île de la Cité after killing the leader of the Frankish army, Ebels,Assassin's Creed: Valhalla — The Siege of Paris – Dark Before Dawn the Vikings managed to fight and win against the Frankish soldiers.Assassin's Creed: Valhalla — The Siege of Paris – The Siege of Paris
Soon, a truce was called as King Charles met with Sigfred, who was offered lordship over Rouen and Amiens and treasure. Despite some opposition, the siege ended with the Vikings leaving the city with both new land and money.Assassin's Creed: Valhalla — The Siege of Paris – The Count of Paris
====High Middle Ages====
In the 10th century, the kings of France established their residence in the Conciergerie on the Île de la Cité.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Conciergerie
Under the reign of King Louis VI of France, the North bank of the Seine developed. In 1130, he reinforced a wooden tower which became the stone fortress of Grand Châtelet near the Place de Grève.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Grand Châtelet Louis also ordered the construction of Les Halles and of the church and cemetery of Holy Innocents which became the cemetery for all churches.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Cimetière des Saints-Innocents
In 1160, on the Île de la Cité began the construction of the Notre-Dame Cathedral which only ended in 1345. Notre-Dame was one of the first buildings to use flying buttresses in Europe.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Notre-Dame de Paris In the 12th century, the goldsmiths and moneychangers lined their stalls on the bridge connecting the Palais de la Cité to the Grand Châtelet. The bridge was known as the Pont au Change.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Pont au Change
During the Middle Ages, Paris grew rapidly and became one of the largest cities in Europe. In response to its expansion, the king Philip Augustus constructed the Louvre fortress on the North bank of the Seine and walled the city during the end of the 12th century.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Louvre During his reign, various markets and fairs were established in a place called Les Champeaux which would become known as Les Halles near the Grand Châtelet.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Les Halles
In 1240, returning from the Crusades, the Templar Order built their headquarters on Paris' northeastern side. The fortress was known as the Temple of Paris.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Temple
In 1242, the king Louis IX of France ordered the construction of the Sainte-Chapelle near the Palais de la Cité to house the crown of thorns of Jesus Christ. The monument was finished in 1248 and served as the royal chapel.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Sainte-Chapelle The Sainte-Chapelle was also the entry of the headquarters of the sworn enemies of the Templars, the Assassin Brotherhood. The Brotherhood, established under the Île Saint-Louis, used the underground tunnels to navigate easily through the city.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Rebirth
In 1246, King Louis IX created the position of Provost of the Merchants, which served as the mayor of Paris.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Hôtel de Ville Robert de Sorbon, King's chaplain, sought to facilitate the education of underprivileged children in theology. Louis IX gave him a house in the rue Coupe Gueule on the South bank of the Seine, which was transformed into the university Sorbonne.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Sorbonne
In 1296, the King Philip IV of France ordered the construction of the Palais de Justice in the Palais de la Cité, which served as a juridical court for the Parlement de Paris.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Palais de Justice
In 1307, the Assassin Mentor Guillaume de Nogaret persuaded King Philip to arrest the Templar Order and of their Grand Master Jacques de Molay. On the 13th of October, the Assassins, disguised as flemish mercenaries, attacked the Temple de Paris with the French troops. The Master Assassin Thomas de Carneillon led the attack and tried to take Sword of Eden, a powerful piece of Eden, and also the Codex Pater Intellectus, de Molay's writings. During the attack, Carneillon fought Jacques de Molay's advisor but was out of action after he received a blast from the Sword of Eden. The advisor hid the Sword and the Codex in Jacques de Molay's vault before being killed by Carneillon who did find the artifacts. De Molay was arrested and imprisoned.Assassin's Creed: Unity – The Tragedy of Jacques de Molay
Jacques de Molay, who was also a Sage, a reincarnation of the First Civilization Aita, decided to reform the Templar Order as a secret society revealing the secrets of the First Civilisation to nine Templars.Assassin's Creed: Revelations – Abstergo Files: File.0.06\Hst_VoxInExcelso On 18 March 1314, Jacques de Molay was burned at the stake before King Philip and Pope Clement V on the Île de la Cité. In his last words, de Molay cursed the Pope and the royal family to the thirteen generations. De Molay's death marked the dissolution of the Knights Templar as a public organization and influenced their conversion into a secret faction.
In 1320, the Saint-Gilles chapel was built in the rue Saint-Denis and later expanded to become the Church of Saint-Leu.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Église Saint-Leu
After the death of Mentor Thomas de Carneillon in 1323, the Parisian Brotherhood built a vault under the Île Saint-Louis to store his armor, giving it only to Assassins who did a great service for the Brotherhood and France.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Explore the Café Théâtre
In 1334, the Abbot of Cluny purchased the remains of a Roman thermal bath in Le Quartier Latin and turned it into a townhouse. The building was known as the Hôtel de Cluny.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Hôtel de Cluny
====Hundred Years' War====
During the 14th century, the Kings of France entered the Hundred Years' War against the Kings of England. The attack of the English troops created economic instability, leading in 1358 to a Jacquerie, a peasant revolt. Other uprisings followed during the rest of the war. King Charles V of France decided to reinforce the defense of Paris in this context. He displaced the royal residence in the fortress of the Louvre and using the stones from the carries of Paris, he ordered the construction of the Bastille, a fort that would protect Porte Saint-Antoine from English attack in the Northeastern part of Paris.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: The BastilleAssassin's Creed: Unity – Database: 21. Medieval The king also had the Hôtel Saint-Pol near the Bastille as residence.
In 1352, the pope Celestine V funded the construction of the Church of the Celestines on the North bank of the Seine.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Église Les Célestins
In 1370, the Pont de fust de l'isle Notre-Dame et Saint-Bernard between the Île Saint-Louis and the South bank of the Seine was replaced by the wooden bridge.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Pont de la Tournelle In 1378, the Pont Saint-Michel was built, being the first fixed bridge between the Île de la Cité and the Quartier Latin. Named after the Saint-Michel chapel in the Palais de la cité, it also lent its name to the district.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Pont Saint-Michel
At the end of the 14th century, the scrivener and alchemist Nicolas Flamel established in Paris one of his laboratories under Notre-Dame.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Flamel's Secret: The Elixir of Life Thank the Book of Abraham, he created the Philosopher's stone and the Elixir of life, which made him, according to the legends, rich and immortal.Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy – Divine Science: Chapter 1 – Maria Amiel With his fortune, Flamel financed the reconstruction of the Holy Innocent's Cemetery. Before his death, he separated the Book of Abraham in two and gave one half to the nephew of his wife, Pernelle Flamel. In 1418, Flamel was buried in the Church of Saint-Jacques-la-Boucherie before being displaced in the Holy Innocent's Cemetery where his wife was buried.
At the beginning of the 15th century, Paris was taken by the Burgundians, the French allies of the English during the Hundred Years' War. The heir of the crown Charles established his new capital in Bourges. In 1429, Jeanne d'Arc, a young french farmer who was an ally of the French Assassins, led the French Army against the English, wielding De Molay's Sword of Eden and the heart. She besieged Paris with her troops but she was wounded by a crossbow bolt during the battle and the siege was removed.Assassin's Creed: Heresy
After the end of the Hundred Years' War, the kings of France returned to Paris.
===Early Modern Era===
====Renaissance====
In 1485, the abbot of Cluny and bishop Jacques d'Amboise renovated the Hôtel de Cluny which became a luxurious guest house. Between 1475 and 1507, the Archbishop of Sens built his own hôtel particulier near the North bank of the Seine.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Hôtel de Sens In 1494, the Church of Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais was built on the site of an ancient basilica in Le Marais.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Église St. Gervais-St. Protais / Place d'Orme
By the end of the 15th century, the regiment of the Swiss Guards regularly stationed in the city.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Swiss Guard
During the Italian Wars, King Louis XII left the kingdom under the charge of his courtiers, who were secretly allied with the Templars. A group of Italian Assassins, sent by their Mentor, Ezio Auditore da Firenze, traveled to Paris to battle that Templar influence. They protected the scholar and Mentor Desiderius Erasmus against Templar agents and revealed that one of their brothers was captured by the Templars.Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood – Contracts: Destructive Criticism They interrogated the cardinal Georges d'Amboise, who gave them a list of ministers who worked with the Borgia, the leader of the Roman Rite of the Templar Order.Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood – Contracts: On the Trail The Assassins killed them and tried to save their brother in a manor near Paris. He was tortured and died from his injuries but in his last breath, he revealed that he gave false information and that the Assassins must be wary about the Orsini.Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood – Contracts: Man Down
Under the reign of Francis I of France, Paris developed a more Italian and Renaissance style. While the Louvre and the Hôtel de Ville were renovated, the Saint-Jacques Tower and the Church of Saint-Eustache were constructed in the North Bank of the Seine.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Tour St. JacquesAssassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Église St. Eustache A new bridge was built for the Hôtel-Dieu, connecting the Île de la Cité to the South bank of the Seine.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Pont au Double
In 1527, the Italian Assassin Giovanni Borgia and the Hermetic practitioner Maria Amiel traveled to the Louvre to find the second half of "Book of Abraham". They only found a copy made by human hands. Afterward, they visited the Flamel tomb in Paris' Holy Innocents' Cemetery but only found it devoid of bodies, or any sign of the Book.
====Wars of Religion====
Francis' son, Henry II of France also renovated the Louvre but with his wife, Catherine de' Medici, they also built another palace in Les Halles with an astronomy tower known as the Medici Tower. The Queen of France was the patron of Nostradamus, a famous seer in Paris.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Medicis Tower During his life, Nostradamus left mysterious indications across the city to find the broken seal of Carneillon's vault. Nostradamus also predicted the death of the King, who was wounded by the shard of a spear in the eye after a jousting tournament in northeastern Paris in 1559. The King died some days later from his injuries and his heart was sent to the Church of the Celestines. His widow became the Regent of France.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Nostradamus
 
As the Regent found the Louvre too big, too cold, and too crowded, she decided to build the new royal residence in the neighborhood, the Tuileries Palace.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Palais des Tuileries Many people were expropriated from the site of construction. One of them, Johannes Metzger, a German butcher, refused to leave his house. For this, he was arrested and executed in 1561. Before his death, he swore that he would return to exact revenge on the future palace's occupants. Soon after his death, supernatural appearances and disturbances around the palace were attributed to Metzger's vengeful spirit, known throughout the palace as the Red Ghost.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: The Red Ghost of the Tuileries
On 24 August 1572, during the Wars of Religion, the Protestant King Henry III of Navarre escaped to the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre that targeted the protestants of the city.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Statue of Henri IV
In 1578 began the construction of a new bridge to connect the Île de la Cité with the two banks of the Seine. This bridge was known as the Pont Neuf (new bridge) but was also known as the Pont des pleurs (the bridge of tears) as the King Henry III of France inaugurated the construction after the funerals of two of his Mignons.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Pont Neuf 
In 1589, after Henry III died, his heart was sent to the Church of the Celestines like the one of his father and brother. His brother-in-law Henry III of Navarre became Henry IV of France. After a long siege on Paris, Henry IV decided to convert to Catholicism in 1593, supposedly stating that "Paris is well worth a mass". Converted in the city and ally with the first president of the Parliament of Paris, Achille de Harlay, this action stabilized the country, ending the War of Religions.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Place Dauphine
Under Henry IV's reign, Paris was embellished with new buildings. He connected the Louvre with the Palais des Tuileries. In 1601, he ordered the construction of the Place Dauphine behind the Palais de Justice and gave it to Achille de Harlay. In 1605 began the construction of Place Royale on the very field where Henry II was mortally wounded. The Place served as a square with 36 pavilions.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Place des Vosges The same year, Margaret of France, the ex-wife of the King, installed herself in the Hôtel de Sens. In 1606, her young lover Gabriel Dat de Saint-Julien was assassinated before the gate of the hôtel by the Comte de Vermont, a jealous suitor and former lover of hers. 
On the 14th of May 1610, Henry IV was assassinated in Paris on his carriage by the Catholic fanatic François Ravaillac. His widow, the Regent Marie de' Medici ordered the creation of an equestrian statue of late king on the Pont-Neuf. In 1612, she purchased the domain of the Duke of Piney-Luxembourg in southern Paris, and the architect Salomon de Brosse constructed for her the Luxembourg Palace with gardens.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Palais et Jardin du Luxembourg 
====Absolute Era====
In 1614, the architect Christophe Marie began the construction of the Pont Marie connecting the Île Saint-Louis with the North bank of the Seine. Marie also created the quays that encircled the island, as well as plotted its streets.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Pont Marie In 1616, a Greco-Roman facade was add to the Church of Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais. In 1622, the Père Joseph founded the Convent of the Daughters of Calvary in the rue de Turenne.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Filles du Calvaire Convent
In 1622, the Cardinal of Richelieu became the principal of the Sorbonne. As the buildings were falling into ruins, he began the renovation of the University in 1629. During the reign of Louis XIII of France, the Bastille served principally as a prison for aristocrats. In 1632, the Pont Royal was built as a toll bridge near the Tuileries to replace a ferry.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Pont Royal In 1634, the Duke of Sully expanded his townhouse to include a hôtel at the bottom of the small garden which juxtaposed the Place Royale.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Hôtel de Sully In 1648, the scientist Blaise Pascale used the Tour Saint-Jacques for his experiments on atmospheric pressure.
Between 1648 and 1653, the Parisian population revolted during the Fronde. These events greatly marked the young king Louis XIV of France who relocated the royal court to the village of Versailles where he constructed a palace from the hunting lodge of his father.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Village de Versailles Even if he left Paris, as a patron of sciences and arts, he continued to sponsor new buildings. 
In 1656, after a flood, the Pont de la Tournelle was build in stone to connect the Île Saint-Louis to the Château de la Tournellewhich served as a prison for galley slaves.
When the Cardinal Jules Mazarin died in 1661, he left 2 million livres to construct the College of the Four Nations on the South bank of the Seine, which served as a university for Paris.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Collège des Quatre-Nations In 1667, the king began the construction of the Paris Observatory.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Observatoire de Paris 
Poverty was also spreading in Paris during the 17th century. In the northern part of Paris, the Saint-Denis district became the place of a counter society known as the Cour des Miracles, uniting the beggars and the marginal people of the city. The Cour had his own chief known as the King of Beggars.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Roi des Thunes In 1670, Queen Maria Theresa with the financial support of the Chancellor Etienne d'Aligre, officially annexed the Hospice des Enfants Trouvés to the General Hospital of Paris, effectively helping fund it.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Hospice des Enfants Trouvés On 30 November 1671, Louis XIV laid the first stone of the hospital of Les Invalides for war veterans, taxing France's abbey to finance it. Five years later, 6 000 soldiers occupied the building.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Les Invalides 
On the North bank of the Seine, Le Marais became a fashionable district as the aristocrats began to construct their hôtels-particuliers, like the chancellor Fieubet in 1676 and his hôtel built on the site of the hôtel Saint-Pol.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Hôtel Fieubet 
On 22 February 1680, the fortune teller Marguerite Monvoisin was burned at the Place de Grève for her involvement in the Affair des Poisons against the king. The noblewoman Madame de Sévigné witnessed the execution from the Hôtel de Sully.
In 1686, the Sicilian chef Procopio Cutò opened the Café Procope in the Latin District which would become one of the most famous cafés of the city.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Café Procope In 1699, Louis XIV inaugurated for his birthday the Place Vendôme with at its center an equestrian statue of himself near the Louvre. The buildings surrounding the place were bought by Paris prominent financiers.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Place Vendôme
Between 1698 and 1703, the prisoner known as the Man in the Iron Mask was sent to the Bastille where he died. Many rumors speculated on his identity, speculated he was an illegitimate son of the king.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Dead Kings – Database: The Iron Mask
====Age of Enlightenment====
At the beginning of the 18th century, Louis-Dominique Cartouche became famous as a highwayman, stealing from the rich and giving to the poor near Paris. In 1721, he was captured and sentenced to death. His lover Mireille, who was the leader of the French Assassins, saved Cartouche by faking his death on the breaking wheel in the Place de Grève on 28 November.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Cartouche Memoir 2 Later Cartouche became an Assassin, and his name as his diaries were passed on to two other Assassins during the 18th century.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Cartouche's Memoirs
In the 18th century, the nobility gradually abandoned the Marais district in favor of the Faubourg Saint-Honoré or the Faubourg Saint-Germain.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Le Marais
In 1725, the philosopher Voltaire was beaten up by the servants of the Chevalier de Rohan as they quarreled over an actress. Rohan had Voltaire imprisoned at the Bastille but the writer was later cleared. He began to criticize the Absolute monarchy and wrote about the case of the Iron Man Mask.Assassin's Creed Unity: Abstergo Entertainment – Employee Handbook – Historic Personage Sheets: Bastille
During the 18th century, construction continued in Paris. In 1744, Louis XV of France suffered from a serious illness and made the vow that if he survived to construct a new church on the ruins of the Abbey of St Genevieve in the Bièvre. In 1755, the construction of the new church began.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Panthéon In 1750, the Luxembourg Palace became the first museum of Paris. In 1752, the first stone of the École Militaire was laid under the overseer of Madame de Pompadour, Louis XV's mistress, near the Invalides.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: École Militaire In 1755, the construction of the Halle aux Blés began, which served as a grain storage building for the city.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Halle aux Blés
Louise Françoise de Bourbon, a legitimized daughter of Louis XIV, ordered the construction of the Palais Bourbon on the South bank of the Seine which was purchased by Louis XV in 1756.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Palais Bourbon The same year, Jean Henri Latude, who was imprisoned in the Bastille for organizing a false conspiracy against Madame de Pompadour, escaped from his prison with a make-shift rope ladder fashioned from twine and firewood.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Jean-Henri Latude In 1757, Auguste Tavernier was sent to the Bastille for participating in an attempt to assassinate King Louis XV. In 1759, the Café Théâtre opened in the Île de la Cité, becoming one of the premier coffee houses in Paris. The Assassins purchased and used it as their intelligence-gathering network.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Café Théâtre
By the middle of the 18th century, the Swiss Guards assured the protection of the Champs-Élysées. In 1770, a fireworks display near the Tuileries Palace was made for the celebration of the wedding of the dauphin Louis-Auguste and Marie Antoinette. An accident during the display provoked the death of 132 persons. Two years later, at the same place, was finished the Place Louis XV near the Jardins des Tuileries.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Place de la Révolution / Concord / Louis XV When the dauphin became king, he gave the Luxembourg Palace to his brother Louis.Project Widow – "Palais de Luxembourg" The same a series of building collapses due to underground tunnels.
But Paris was also the center of the contestation of the King's power. Many philosophers of Enlightenment reunited in cafés, like the Procope or the Régence to discuss politics and philosophy. Among them Voltaire, Diderot and Jean-Jacques Rousseau.Project Widow – "Thinking man's café" This last witnessed the poverty of some districts, describing the Saint-Marcel district in the Bièvre as "dirty, stinking little streets, wretched black houses, a general air of squalor and poverty, beggars, carters, menders of clothes, sellers of herb drinks and old hats."Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Saint-Marcel During this period, the Roi des Thunes became the new King of Beggars in the Court des Miracles.
 
The American philosopher Benjamin Franklin joined his French colleagues in the cafés discussions during his diplomatic mission in France for the United States during the American Revolution. In December 1776, Franklin was targeted by Parisian criminals of the Île de la Cité but was saved by the former Assassin-turned-Templar Shay Cormac. Cormac searched for a way to join an Assassin reunion in the Versailles palace and recovered a Precursor box, so as Franklin was in debt with Cormac for saving his life, the diplomat authorized the Templar to follow him to the royal residence.Assassin's Creed: Rogue – UHJvdGVjdGlvbg0K
In 1782, police lieutenant Thiroux de Crosne removed 6 million deceased corpses from the overpopulated cemeteries of the city and relocated them to the quarries under Paris. The quarries will become the Catacombs of Paris.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Les Catacombes The same year, a wooden cupola was added to the Halles aux blés to protect the grain from rain and other weather events.
In 1783, the brothers Joseph-Michel and Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier developed the hot-air balloon which flighted with humans for the first time in Paris.Assassin's Creed Unity: Abstergo Entertainment – Employee Handbook – Historic Personage Sheets: Montgolfier brothers The same year, Jacques Charles launched the world's first hydrogen-filled balloon in the Tuileries gardens with 400 000 people watching.
In 1784 began the construction of the Wall of the Farmers-General around Paris, collecting toll from the imported goods in the city.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Ferme Générale Wall During these years, Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, cousin of the King, was in debt. Residing in the Palais-Royal near the Louvre, he installed 60 shops under its arcades to pay his debt. Gambling dens, theatres, cafés, and prostitution also emerged in the Palais and it became the nerve of the intellectual contestation of power.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Palais-Royal In 1786, the watchmaker and inventor Robert Rousseau designed a solar cannon which fire at noon in the Palais-Royal's court.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: The Solar Cannon of the Palais-Royal
From the beginning of the reign of Louis XVI and 1789, 16 new theatres opened on the Boulevard des théâtres.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Boulevard des théâtres
===French Revolution===
====Beginning of the Revolution====
In the 1780s, France's involvement in the American Revolutionary War and the extravagant lifestyle of the royal family left the country on the brink of bankruptcy. The food shortage due to bad crops and weather also angered the parisian population.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: King Louis XVI During this time, the Parisian Templar and Aita Sage François-Thomas Germain entered Jacques de Molay's vault guided by visions. Founding the Codex Pater Intellectus, Germain tried to reform the Order as de Molay wanted, by returning to the shadow and ending the monarchy, but Germain was expelled by the Grand Master François de la Serre who judged his ideas as heretical. The Sage allied with the Templars Marie Levesque, Charles Gabriel Sivert and Louis-Michel le Peletier who agreed with him. Using the Temple of Paris as their headquarters, they planned to use the French Revolution to further their goal.Assassin's Creed: Unity – The Temple
In 1789, the Roi des Thunes proposed to serve the Parisian Rite but was roughly ignored by the Grand Master. Sivert inducted the Roi des Thunes and his advisor Aloys la Touche into Germain's faction.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Le Roi Est Mort During the night of the opening of the Estates-General of 1789, Sivert and the Roi des Thunes killed the Grand Master in the Palace of Versailles, blaming his ward Arno Dorian for the murder.Assassin's Creed: Unity – High Society Dorian was sent to the Bastille where he met the Master Assassin Pierre Bellec who revealed that his father Charles was a member of the Brotherhood and that his warden was a Templar.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Imprisoned As Germain became the new Grand Master, his faction tried to eliminate François' daughter Élise de la Serre who revendicated the title.
When deputies of the Third Estate formed the National Assembly, Paris' citizens followed what happened in Versailles. On the 12th of July, after the dismissal of the finance minister Jacques Necker and rumors of an attack on Paris by the King's Army, the journalist Camille Desmoulins started an uprising at the Café Foy of the Palais-Royal.Project Widow – "Flashpoint" Two days later, the Sans-culottes went to Les Invalides to seize weapons. With the help of a part of the Army, the rioters stormed the Bastille to seize gunpowder. Élise joined the mob to save Arno but Bellec and Dorian escaped with a Leap of Faith before the angry mob took control of the fortress and killed his governor Bernard-René de Launay.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Storming of the Bastille Liberating the seven prisoners who were mostly forgers or insanes, the revolutionaries created the myth of the Comte de Lorges as a victim of the Absolute monarchy.Project Widow – "The Poster Guy"
During these event, the Marquis de Lafayette became the Commander-in-Chief of the National Guard in the city.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Le Patriote 1789 On 17 July, he met King Louis XVI in the Hôtel de Ville to presente the idea of a three color flag. Associating the blue and red colors of the cockade of Paris, Lafayette added the white cockade of the Monarchy, conferring upon the Sovereign a central role in the new definition of powers. The tricolore cockade became a symbol of the Revolution.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Cockade
During July, the new finance minister, Joseph Foullon de Doué, hoarded foodstuffs and sold them at an exorbitant rate in Paris. The Assassin Brotherhood intervened and opened its warehouses for the population.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Let Them Eat Hay Doué's henchmen tried to move the food but were stopped by the Assassins.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Cat Food on a Hot Tin Roof On 22 July, Doué was captured by an angry mob who hanged him to a lantern in Place de Grève and later beheaded him.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Joseph Foullon de Doué During these events, the Sans-Culottes organized the city as the Paris Commune with Jean Sylvain Bailly as his mayor.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Le Champ de Mars
 
Even after the National Assembly abolished the privileges of Nobility and Church in France, many people were starving in Paris. On 5 October 1789, Théroigne de Méricourt led a march with the women of Les Halles to enter the Palace of Versailles. The Templars who followed Germain tried to make the march more violent and target Méricourt. The Brotherhood sent the newly recruited Dorian and other Assassins protected her and sabotaged the cannons used against the mob.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Women's March After the crowd entered the Palace of Versailles, the royal family returned with the mob to Paris, residing in the Palais des Tuileries while the National Assembly went near the palace in the Salle du Manège.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Women's March on Versailles 
On the night of 5 October, Élise called for a meeting with her allies at the Hôtel de Lauzun of the Marquis de Pimôdan on the Île Saint-Louis. Before the meeting, Germain's faction killed Élise's allies or convinced them to join them. Ambushing Élise at the meeting, they killed the Templar Jean Burnel but Élise escaped by jumping into the Seine.Assassin's Creed: Unity (novel)
====Time of Changes====
After the event of 1789, the Assembly National voted for the demolition of the Bastille and used its stones to construct the Pont de la Révolution between the Palais Bourbon and the Tuileries Gardens.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Pont de la Concorde / Révolution Many political clubs were established in Paris to inform the population, as the Templar-affiliate Jacobins, who took place in the convent of Jacobins.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: Jacobin Club A year after the Storming of the Bastille, the Fête de la Fédération was organized on Le Champs de Mars to reinforce the unity of the King with the National Assembly and the people, with a crowd of 300,000 attending the celebrations.
In 1791, the Café Théâtre fell into near-ruin. Its manager, the Assassin Charlotte Gouze chose Arno Dorian, who became an Assassin, as the new steward of the Café. While renovating the building, Arno fought Les Actes des Apôtres, a royalist faction that targeted the café. The Assassin also bought other cafés in the city to serve as intelligence gathering for the Brotherhood. After obtaining one of them, Arno accomplished contracts on thugs and Templars who controlled the boroughs of Paris. At the same time, under the suggestion of Eugène François Vidocq, Arno investigated different murders through the city to arrest the culprits.Assassin's Creed: Unity
 
After de la Serre's death, the Templars had taken control of Paris, organizing the smuggling of precious artifacts. Sivert also racketed nobles and clergymen, offering his protection against the revolutionaries.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Graduation The Assassin Council tasked Arno to assassinate Sivert in Nôtre-Dame and investigate the murder of de la Serre. After killing the Templar, the Assassin had the identity of the other de la Serre's murder, the Roi des Thunes.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Confession Arno infiltrated the Cour des MiraclesAssassin's Creed: Unity – The Kingdom of Beggars and killed him. In his memories, Arno discovered that the two murders worked for a new Grand Master. With the help of the Marquis de Sade, who became the new King of Beggars, Arno found out that the weapon used to kill his adoptive father was created by Germain.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Le Roi Est Mort Arno went into the silversmith's shop to interrogate him. Seeing that Arno did not know he was a Templar, Germain manipulated Arno and told him that it was Chrétien Lafrenière who asked him to forge the weapon and that he prepared an attack.Assassin's Creed: Unity – The Silversmith The Assassin followed this lead and destroyed the gunpowder stock of Lafrenière in the Halle aux Blés.Assassin's Creed: Unity – La Halle aux Blés At the night, Arno killed Lafrenière in the old Holy Innocents' Cemetery, during a reunion with Templars who were loyal to de la Serre. Arno understood his mistake after seeing that Lafrenière tried to save the Grand Master.Assassin's Creed: Unity – The Prophet
After the death of Lafrenière, Germain and his followers organized their plan to starve the population of Paris and overthrow the King. They also planned to kill Élise de la Serre. Arno, who eavesdropped on the meeting,Assassin's Creed: Unity – The Jacobin Club saved Élise from the radical Templars.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Templar Ambush The two step-siblings decided to investigate together de la Serre's death with the help of the Brotherhood. Élise revealed to Arno that Germain was a Templar and they found proof that he was the mastermind of the plot. While Arno wanted to inform the Mentor Mirabeau about that,Assassin's Creed: Unity – A Cautious Alliance Pierre Bellec killed the Mentor to impeach the peace between the Templars and the Assassins. After discovering that, Arno was forced to fight Bellec in the Sainte-Chapelle and finish him after wounding his mentor.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Confrontation With two of their members dead, the Council refused to ally with Élise and Arno was forbidden to investigate the murder of de la Serre. Mirabeau was buried in the church St Genevieve, which became the Panthéon, a secular mausoleum for the great men and women of the nation.
====Fall of Monarchy====
In June 1791, the Royal family tried to flee Paris to Varennes to begin a counter-revolution, but they were recognized in the tavern and were forced to return to the city. This act angered the population and a manifestation against the King occurred in the Tuileries which were repressed by the Marquis de la Fayette. In 1792, as France entered in war against the Austrian Empire, the Parisian population was suspicious about the real intention of the King. Furthermore, the city was starving because of the actions of Marie Lévesque and Madame Flavigny, two Templars working for Germain. Théroigne de Méricourt investigated the food hoarding and with the help of the Assassins stopped a part of before the members of the Brotherhood assassinated Flavigny.Assassin's Creed: Unity – The Food Chain In June, the Sans-Culottes broke in the Palace of Tuileries and forced the King to wear a Phrygian cap and to toast the nation with a glass of wine.
 
The 9 August, the Commune of Paris led by the Jacobins took the arms against the King, and the 10 August, stormed the Tuileries Palace. The King fled the palace while the Swiss Guards fought the crowd. As the King had letters from the late Mentor Mirabeau, the Council sent Arno in the Palace to destroy the documents before they fell in the wrong hands. During his searching in the palace, Arno encountered Napoleon Bonaparte, a soldier who looking for a key which can open an Isu Temple in Saint-Denis possessed by the King. The two accomplished their task before fleeing the palace as Frédéric Rouille, one of Germain's followers, arrived to recover document which proved the alliance between the King and the Austrians.Assassin's Creed: Unity – The King's Correspondence As the King arrived in the Salle du Manège, the Constitutional Assembly declared the monarchy illegal and the royal family was arrested and sent to the Temple of Paris.
With no king, the Constitutional Assembly became the National Convention with a strong influence of the Commune of Paris. An Austrian spy ring led by the Comte de Gambais and Vicomte de Gambais tried to prepare an invasion of Paris by the Austrian forces. The 2 September, the Minister of Justice Georges Danton delivered a speech before the Convention, calling for "more audacity" in the face of overwhelming odds against Austria. After the speech, Danton lured one of the spies into the trap but the spy tried to kill Danton. Two Assassins saved Danton and killed the two leaders of the spy ring. With a treat of a royalist uprising in Paris, political leaders as Jean-Paul Marat called the population to slaughter royalist-affiliated and the prisoners in the city. The September Massacres began in the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés and spread through Paris, as in the Salpêtrière Hospital or the Château de la Tournelle. Frédéric Rouille led the attack on the Grand Châtelet, killing and decapitating the warden's brother. Arno infiltrated the prison and assassinated Rouille without the permission of the Council. Thousand of persons were killed in Paris during the massacre. Some weeks later, the Crown Jewels were stolen by a thief and smuggled through the city.
Under the Republic, many monuments in Paris had their names changed to erase the royal legacy of France. The Place Royale became the Place des Vosges, the Place Louis XV became Place de la Révolution and the Palais-Royale became the Palais-Égalité. During October, Marie Lévesque continued to hoard the grain entering the city and stored it under the Luxembourg PalaceAssassin's Creed: Unity – Starving Times to accuse the royal family of starving the population. Arno and Élise worked together to ruin her plan. During the party in the Luxembourg Palace, while Élise tried to move the grain, Arno assassinated Lévesque before her guests.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Hoarders The two flew the guards on the rooftops of the city with a hot-air balloon.Assassin's Creed: Unity – The Escape
 
The 11 December began the trial of the King, judged by the National Convention. With the proof obtained by Rouille, the Templars had no difficulties showing Louis as an enemy of the Revolution. On 15 January 1793, the King was declared guilty of conspiracy against public freedom and five days later was sentenced to death thanks to the Templar Louis-Michel le Peletier who cast the decisive vote. After the vote, a party was organized in the Palais-Égalité to celebrate the execution of the King, with Le Peletier as one of the guests. Arno infiltrated the palace and killed the Templar. In his memories, Arno discovered that Germain would be at the execution.
On the morning of 21st January, the place of the Revolution was arranged with a scaffold and a guillotine, with Charles-Henri Sanson overseeing the execution. The population amassed in the place to see the death of the King. Arno and Élise separate to search Germain in the crowd. The Assassin found first Germain who explained to Arno that his plan was succeeded and after the King's death, a New Order will come. As the blade fell on the neck of the King and the crowd exulted, Germain flew the place after ordering his guards to kill Arno. Élise helped Arno and ordered him to follow Germain but he refused to let her alone. As their target escaped, Élise decided to stop working with Arno to avenge their father's death.Assassin's Creed: Unity – The Execution The Assassin was also expelled from the Brotherhood for killing Templars without the permission of the Council and creating disorder during the King's execution.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Bottom of the Barrel Louis XVI was buried in the Church of the Madeleine.
With the death of the King, Paris prepared itself for the attack of the European nations. Many churches were transformed into gunpowder stores. The Louvre was transformed into a museum and the Assassins stole masterpieces that were kept by nobles in the Luxembourg Palace. In the National Convention, the rivalry increased between the Montagnards, who wanted to stop the war, and the Girondins, who wanted to continue the war but were more moderate on the Revolution. On 2 June 1793, the leader of the Montagnards Maximilien de Robespierre, who was a Templar working for Germain, ordered the Commander General of the Paris National Guard François Hanriot to arrest the Girondins with the help of the Commune of Paris. The Assassins saved some of them before they were arrested and helped them to flee the city. 
As Jean-Paul Marat called for the murder of Girondins, Charlotte Corday, a sympathizer of the Girondins, assassinated him in his bath on 13 July. Arno Dorian investigated the murder and arrested Corday who was executed four days later. Marat became a martyr of the Republic and was buried in the Panthéon. 
During the same month, the Templar General Marcourt plotted with other Templars a Coup d'État against the Convention to accelerate the Revolution in France. They organized a tournament in Paris to recruit soldiers for the coup. One of the conspirators was Thomas-Alexandre Dumas, an ally of the Brotherhood. He tasked a group of Assassins to infiltrate the tournament, winning the challenges and killing Marcourt and his allies in the Invalides.Assassin's Creed: Unity – The Tournament
====Reign of Terror====
In September, Robespierre and the Templars increased their control of France with the Reign of Terror. The Law of suspects permitted to arrest and judge anyone who was accused to be a counter-revolutionary. During this month, the Templars arrested Jacques Roux, the leader of the Enragés, a radical revolutionary movement that advocated for food riots and more executions. They wanted to use him in the case of Robespierre's fall. Many executions occurred in the city. As the prisons of Paris were full of suspects, like the Conciergerie or the Grand Châtelet, many monuments were turned in prison, as the Palace du Luxembourg or the Collège des Quatre Nations. The Revolutionary Tribunal was installed in the Palais de Justice of Paris and condemned to death many important persons as Jacques Pierre Brissot, Marie-Jeanne Phlippon Roland, Olympe de Gouges and Philippe Egalité. Most of the executions took place in the Place des Grèves or Place de la Révolution. Even the Mayor of Paris Bailly was executed by a mob in the Champs de Mars. In November, the Queen was executed after the Gendarme Jean Gilbert foiled a plan of the Brotherhood to save her. The Assassins killed Gilbert for retribution.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Betrayer of the Queen
 
As the Templars increased their influence in the city, the Assassins stroke back. One of Robespierre's spies, Didier Paton, discovered that the French government was infiltrated by the Templars and made a list of them, without knowing his master was one of them. He was condemned to death. The Assassins took his book and saved Paton who became a member of the Brotherhood.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Heads Will Roll In February 1794, the Templars wanted to release Roux to increase the Terror. A team of Assassins failed to kill Roux in the Salpêtrière Hospital. A second team saved the first one and managed to eliminate the leader of the Enragés.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Les Enragés Later, one of Jacques Roux's lieutenant tried to create a riot in the Hôtel de Cluny. The Assassins killed him, ending the Enragés threat on Paris.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Roux's Remains 
In March, Robespierre made arrested the Exagérés, led by Jacques Hébert, who wanted to further the Terror, and the Indulgents, led by Danton et Desmoulins, who wanted to stop the Terror. The Exagérés were executed and on the 4th of April, the Indulgents were led to the guillotine. The Assassins tried to save Danton but he accepted to sacrifice himself and asked them to save his friends who were not arrested. The Assassins accomplished the mission.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Danton's Sacrifice The same day, the Assassin killed Andrés de Guzmán, who participated in the fall of Girondists.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Retribution for a Rabble-Rouser In May, the Templars revealed that Mirabeau had a correspondence with the King and wanted to expose his ties with the Assassins by opening his vault in the Panthéon. Two Assassins took the relics of the Mentor before the Templars could recover them.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Moving Mirabeau
On 8 June, Robespierre organized the festival of Supreme Being in the Champs de Mars. Arno and Élise resumed their partnership to stop Germain and his followers. Élise poisoned Robespierre's beverage with ergot to make him look like a mad man and Arno stole a list of members written by the Templar and delivered it to the enemies of Robespierre.Assassin's Creed: Unity – The Supreme Being Believing that Robespierre wanted to execute them, the Convention arrested him on the 27th of July. The Commune of Paris rose against the Convention and saved Robespierre who took refuge in the Hôtel de Ville. Arno and Élise infiltrated the building and interrogated the Templar. After Élise shot in the jaw, Robespierre wrote that Germain was hiding in the Temple. The troops of the Convention captured Robespierre and his followers as Louis Antoine de Saint-Just and Hanriot and were executed on the place de la Revolution.Assassin's Creed: Unity – The Fall of Robespierre Two days later, Théroigne de Méricourt led an attack on the Jacobin convent where Templars prepared their flee. A team of Assassins helped Méricourt to enter the convent and killed the Jacobin leaders.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Jacobin Raid Arno and Élise confronted Germain in Jacques de Molay's vault under the Temple. The Sage used against them the Sword of Eden hidden by Jacques de Molay's advisor. During the fight, a blast from the sword killed Élise and wounded Germain. Arno finished the Sage but even with his death, Germain claimed that in a plan to control the population would succeed.Assassin's Creed: Unity – The Temple
===Change of regime===
 
With the end of Terror, the royalists returned in Paris to prepare a coup against the Republic. Arno, who was reintroduced in the Brotherhood, helped the French Army to foil some of the royalist plots. The 5 October 1795, twenty-five thousand royalists organized an uprising against the Convention. Before the Saint-Roch, with five thousand troops, Napoleon Bonaparte fired on the mob with grapeshot, taking the victory on the royalists. François-Joseph Carbon, one of the royalists, took a shot in the face but survived and decided to prepare his revenge against Napoleon. The event was known as the 13 Vendémiaire.
Under the Directory, the new Legislative body, the Council of Five Hundred, was installed in the Palais Bourbon. The Templars tried to infiltrate the Council to restore the Terror. Arno killed the Templars before they could be elected. After his campaign in Egypt, Napoleon returned to Paris with a Apple of Eden, an Isu artifact that could control the minds of individuals. The 9 November 1799, with his troops and the Apple, Napoleon organized a Coup d’État in the Tuileries against the Council of the Ancient which recognized as the First Consul of France and promulgated the Consulate, ending the French Revolution.
Taking the power, Napoleon became a target for the royalists in Paris. François-Joseph Carbon, who wanted to take his revenge for the 13 Vendémaire and organized the assassination of the First Consul. The 24 December 1800, they placed in the rue Saint-Nicaise an explosive device, the Infernal Machine, which would kill Bonaparte on his way for the opera. The Assassins, learning about the plot, killed the snipers before they could shoot on the Machine but one of them succeeded, killing 22 people in the street without hurting Napoleon. While the Gendarmes investigated the explosion, the Assassins tracked Carbon and his men and killed them.Assassin's Creed: Unity – The Infernal Machine
In 1801, Bonaparte offered the Luxembourg Palace to the French Senate. In 1804, the First Consul became the Emperor of France and was sacred in Nôtre-Dame as Napoleon I. In 1808, Napoleon ordered the destruction of the Grand Châtelet and the Temple. During the destruction of the last one, Arno entered in de Molay vault and recovered the remains of Germain and hid them in the catacombs.
After the fall of the Empire in 1815, the monarchy was restored but a revolution in 1830 expelled the Bourbon from France, establishing the Orleans on the throne of France. In 1840, Napoleon I's remains were installed in the Invalides. In 1848, another revolution ended forever the Kingdom of France and installed a Second Republic which became an empire with Napoleon III, nephew of Napoleon I.
By 1854, the Parisian Brotherhood founded one of many bases underneath one of Paris' train station, the Gare de l'Est. There, the base was a home to a group of Assasssins, Amira Benyamina, Michel Moulin, and Henri Escoffier.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Magus Conspiracy – Chapter 13 Unknown to most, Oscar Kane, known as the "Magus," came under the pretense to search for an Eye with the Assassins but came to supply and oversee the transaction of his casings to Italian revolutionary Felice Orsini.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Magus Conspiracy – Chapter 17Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Magus Conspiracy – Chapter 19
On 14 January 1858, Orsini planned and attacked Napoleon III and his wife at the with bombs manufactured by the Magus. Luckily, out of the twelve bombs created, only three were used and one was taken, due to the intervention of the Assassin Simeon Price and Aurora Equestrian Troupe's acrobat Pierrette Arnaud.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Magus Conspiracy – Chapter 15 As a result, this led to tensions between England and France and resulted in harsher government laws in England.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Magus Conspiracy – Chapter 18
In 1866, the architect Victor Baltard completed his massive glass and iron market pavilions in Les Halles. His construction served as a model for the other cities in Europe.
===Franco-Prussian War===
In the summer of 1870, the Second French Empire waged the war against Prussia.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Resurrection Plot – Chapter 12 Within months, Napoleon III abdicated and his empire fell.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Resurrection Plot – Chapter 14 However, the Parisians enacted the Government of National Defense to combat the Prussians and the French Brotherhood began to aid the people's needs for medical aid and rations.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Resurrection Plot – Chapter 15 Despite the Assassins' stance against the Prussians, their forces were overwhelmed.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Resurrection Plot – Chapter 16 In early 1871, the Government of National Defense signed an armistice and disbanded after declaring Prussians victorious.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Resurrection Plot – Chapter 20
However, the Parisians opposed the new Third French Republic and convened themselves a new Paris Commune in retaliation to the French government. Despite the ' efforts, the commune was short-lived and defeated, which led to the Third French Republic as the official successor.
===Belle Epoque===
 
In the latter part of the century, in the era, Paris became famous as the City of Light and grew in size and economic power thanks to technological advances. Millions of tourists came to Paris to see the 1889 World's Fair and the new Eiffel TowerAssassin's Creed: Unity – Database: 19. Belle Époque and the Gallery of Machines. However, days before the unveiling, the French Assassins, along with the British Assassins Simeon Price and Pierrette Arnaud, found out about a possible Templar plan involving Austrian Templar Countess Konstanze von Visler's plan to use the Engine of History.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Resurrection Plot – Chapter 28
From their work, they all discovered that the Eiffel Tower was the main location and planned to bomb it to stop von Visler's plan and her engine. However, Arnaud learned that the Engine was not a device, but a method to calculate predictions of Assassin's planning, and how she planned to frame the Assassins as terrorists. Although being injured by the countess, she enlisted her ward Spider Wallin to tell the Assassins of Konstanze's true plans.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Resurrection Plot – Chapter 31 Fortunately, Wallin reached Simeon and the Assassins, stopped their own explosion, and thus von Visler's plan. Consequently, Konstanze also died from an injury during an altercation between her and Simeon atop the tower.Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Resurrection Plot – Chapter 32
Paris became the cultural capital of the world but anarchist groups organized terrorist attacks in the cafés and cabarets of the city. In 1898 began the construction of the Paris Metro which was finished in 1900.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: 19. Belle Époque
Sometime towards the end of the 19th century, the Hermeticist Samuel Liddell Mathers, accompanied by the disembodied being of William Robert Woodman, met one of the Secret Chiefs in Paris. The Chief, who wore a ring marked with the Templar insignia, informed Mathers that his Order's partnership with the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn had ended.Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy – Divine Science: Chapter 4 - Frater V.O.V.
===20th century===
 
In the 20th century, Paris suffered bombardment in World War I and German occupation from 1940 until 1944 during World War II. Between the two wars, Paris was the capital of modern art and a magnet for intellectuals, writers and artists from around the world. During the Nazi occupation, the Eiffel Tower became a symbolic battleground. The leader of Germany, Adolf Hitler, ordered its destruction but it was never done and Nazi banners were put on the tower. In 1944, the US fighter pilot Captain William Overstreet attacked a German plane over Paris. The German pilot tried to flee by flying close to the Eiffel Tower but he crashed his plane. Few months later, Paris was liberated with the rest of France after the Normandy landings, ending the Nazi occupation.Assassin's Creed: Unity – Database: 20. WW2
In the 1970s, Baltard's Les Halles was pulled down and replaced by a concrete jungle where a glass canopy was installed in the 2010s.
===Modern era===
In November 2013, the Templars acquired the corpse of John Standish, a Sage who worked in Abstergo Entertainment before being killed after he tried to use the body of an employee as a physical vessel for his lover, the Isu Juno. Using his genetic material, Abstergo Industries maintained a secret laboratory in Paris led by the Templar Álvaro Gramática for the Phoenix Project: cloning members of the Isu Civilization to understand and control the pieces of Eden. As the Templars searched for other Sages, Abstergo Entertainment explored the memories of Arno Dorian to discover the remains of Germain. At the end of the year 2014, the Templar initiate known as the Journeyman was sent to Paris to explore the Sainte-Chapelle to find secrets on the location of the Sage.Assassin's Creed Unity: Abstergo Entertainment – Employee Handbook
In October 2014, a team of Assassins led by Gavin Banks entered the laboratory and destroyed the genetic material and the research of Abstergo. During the attack, the Assassin Galina Voronina destroyed the original Shroud of Eden by launching a grenade on Gramática, who survived thank the Shroud.Assassin's Creed: Syndicate In November, Eric Cooper set up an Assassin headquarters in Paris to help infiltrate a data hub for the Helix, Abstergo Entertainment's upcoming cloud-based game service.
==Districts==
During the French Revolution, Paris was divided in seven districts.
===Île de la Cité===
 
Situated at the center of the city, the Île de la Cité is one of the oldest districts of Paris with medieval architecture. Surrounded by the Seine River, the district is composed of two islands: the Île de la Cité and the Île Saint-Louis. Its most notable landmarks are the Palais de Justice and the Notre-Dame cathedral. It was also the district were the Assassin Brotherhood established their headquarters, under the Café Théâtre in the Île Saint-Louis.
===La Bièvre===
 
Named after the Bièvre river that ran through it, the district is known for the multitude of tanneries and workshops. The area is also known for its extreme poverty. Its most notable landmarks are the Panthéon and the Salpêtrière Hospital.
===Le Louvre===
 
During the French Revolution, the Louvre district became the political center of France with the royal residence of the Tuileries Palace and the Louvre, the Salle du Manège where the National Assembly met and the Palais-Royal where politicians and intellectuals discussed of the news in France. The Louvre district is also famous for the Gardens of Tuileries and the Place de la Révolution where many important figures as Louis XVI and Robespierre were guillotined.
===Le Marais===
 
One of the richest district of Paris, Le Marais counting many hôtel particuliers from the French nobility. The Hôtel de Ville is the center of the political power of the city. Contrasting with its french classical architecture, two medieval fortresses of the Temple and the Bastille were still standing in the late 18th century, before been destroyed during the French Revolution.
===Le Quartier Latin===
 
The Latin district, or Le Quartier Latin in French, is the intellectual and scientific center of Paris with the College of the Four Nations, the Sorbonne, the Observatory and the Café Procope. The district is also famous for the Luxembourg Palace and its gardens.
===Les Invalides===
 
The most rural part of the city, Les Invalides district comprised military buildings as the École Militaire and the Invalides hospital and the troops used Le Champ de Mars for military exercises. Les Invalides is also the home of the Palais Bourbon where the Five-Hundred Council meet.
===Ventre de Paris===
 
Known as the belly of Paris, this popular district is comprised of many markets like les Halles with the Halle aux Blés. At the north of the district, the Cour des Miracles gathers the poor, beggars and prostitutes under the control of the Roi des Thunes.
==Behind the scenes==
Paris' underground space in Assassin's Creed: Unity is anachronistic. The first vaulted were built as late as Napoleon I's reign. The game's sewers are based on the 19th-century sewers from under Napoleon III and Baron . The remains from Parisian cemeteries were transferred to catacombs set up in former mines in the 1780s and have been neatly stacked since 1810.
The green-framed, blue-enameled plaques which denote the street names in Paris and Versailles were not placed at corners before 1847. Also, some street names are fictional, as the city ground plan is not historically perfect and streets are significantly wider to allow for easier movement which is already made more difficult by the density of NPCs.
Paris is one of three cities that were completely modeled twice for different periods in the series, with the other two being New York City and London. Paris was first rendered for Unity set in the 1790s and then was redone in 2021 for Assassin's Creed: Valhallas downloadable expansion The Siege of Paris set in 885–886 CE during the Viking siege.
==Appearances==
*Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy 
*Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag 
*Assassin's Creed: Rogue
*Assassin's Creed: Unity
*Assassin's Creed: Unity novel
*Assassin's Creed: Syndicate 
*Assassin's Creed: Heresy
*Echoes of History 
*Assassin's Creed: Gold
*Assassin's Creed: Valhalla – The Siege of Paris
*Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Magus Conspiracy
*Assassin's Creed: The Engine of History – The Resurrection Plot
*The World of Assassin's Creed Valhalla: Journey to the North – Logs and Files of a Hidden One 
==References==
Category:France
Category:Paris
Category:Port cities
Category:Capital cities
Category:Cities in France
Category:Cities in Ancient Rome
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ru:Париж
zh:巴黎