Hakka Latin

The Hakka Latin is the representation of Hakka Chinese in the Latin alphabet.
== Orthography ==
=== Consonants ===
Pagvasii (Official)	Biang’im 	Guongdung Biang’im (original)
P p 	B b 	B b
PH ph 	P p 	P p
M m 	M m 	M m
F f 	F f 	F f
V v 	V v, BB bb 	V v
T t 	D d 	D d
TH th 	T t 	T t
N n 	N n 	N n
L l 	L l 	L l
CH ch 	Z z, J j, ZH zh	Z z, J j, ZH zh
CHH chh 	C c, Q q, CH ch	C c, Q q, CH ch
S s 	S s, X x, SH sh	S s, X x, SH sh
K k 	G g 	G g
KH kh 	K k 	K k
NG ng, NY ny 	NG ng 	NG ng
H h 	H h 	H h
Y y 	Y y, RH rh 	Y y, R r
==== Meixian direct ====
Pagvasii (Official) 	Biang’im	Guongdung Biang’im (original)
P p 	B b 	B b
PH ph 	P p 	P p
M m 	M m 	M m
F f 	F f 	F f
V v 	V v 	V v
T t 	D d 	D d
TH th 	T t 	T t
N n 	N n 	N n
L l 	L l 	L l
CH ch 	Z z, J j	Z z, J j
CHH chh 	C c, Q q	C c, Q q
S s 	S s, X x	S s, X x
K k, KW kw 	G g 	G g
KH kh, KHW khw 	K k 	K k
NG ng, NY ny, NGW ngw	NG ng 	NG ng
H h 	H h 	H h
Y y 	Y y 	Y y
=== Vowels ===
Pagvasii (Official) 	Biang’im 	Guongdung Biang’im (original)
A a 	A a 	A a
AM am 	AM am 	AM am
AN an 	AN an, -NN -nn 	AN an
ANG ang 	ANG ang 	ANG ang
AP ap 	AB ab 	AB ab
AT at 	AD ad 	AD ad
AK ak 	AG ag 	AG ag
AI ai 	AI ai 	AI ai
AU au 	AU au 	AU au
E e 	E e, EE ee 	Ê ê
EM em 	EM em, EEM eem 	ÊM êm
EN en 	EN en, EEN een 	ÊN ên
EU eu 	EU eu 	ÊU êu
EP ep 	EB eb 	ÊB êb
ET et 	ED ed, EED eed 	ÊD êd
ER er 	ER er 	E e
I i 	I i 	I i
IM im 	IM im 	IM im
IN in 	IN in 	IN in
IP ip 	IB ib 	IB ib
IT it 	ID id 	ID id
IA ia, YA ya 	IA ia, YA ya 	IA ia
IAM iam, YAM yam 	IAM iam, YAM yam 	IAM iam
IAN ian, YAN yan 	IAN ian, YAN yan 	IAN ian
IANG iang, YANG yang	IANG iang, YANG yang	IANG iang
IAP iap, YAP yap 	IAB iab, YAB yab 	IAB iab
IAT iat, YAT yat 	IAD iad, YAD yad 	IAD iad
IAK iak, YAK yak 	IAG iag, YAG yag 	IAG iag
IAU iau, YAU yau 	IAU iau, YAU yau 	IAU iau
IE ie, YE ye 	IE ie, YE ye 	IÊ iê
IEM iem, YEM yem 	IEM iem, YEM yem 	IÊM iêm
IEN ien, YEN yen 	IEN ien, YEN yen 	IÊN iên
IEP iep, YEP yep 	IEB ieb, YEB yeb 	IÊB iêb
IET iet, YET yet 	IED ied, YED yed 	IÊD iêd
IEU ieu, YEU yeu 	IEU ieu, YEU yeu 	IÊU iêu
IO io, YO yo 	IO io, YO yo 	IO io
IU iu, YU yu 	IU iu, YU yu 	IU iu
IUI iui, YUI yui 	IUI iui, YUI yui 	IUI iui
Ṳ ṳ 	II ii 	E e
ṲM ṳm 	IIM iim 	EM em
ṲN ṳn 	IIN iin 	EN en
ṲP ṳp 	IIB iib 	EB eb
ṲT ṳt 	IID iid 	ED ed
O o 	O o, OO oo 	O o
ON on 	ON on 	ON on
ONG ong 	ONG ong 	ONG ong
OT ot 	OD od 	OD od
OK ok 	OG og 	OG og
OI oi 	OI oi 	OI oi
U u 	U u 	U u
UN un 	UN un 	UN un
UNG ung 	UNG ung 	UNG ung
UT ut 	UD ud 	UD ud
UK uk 	UG ug 	UG UG
UA ua 	UA ua 	UA ua
UAN uan 	UAN uan 	UAN uan
UANG uang 	UANG uang 	UANG uang
UAT uat 	UAD uad 	UAD uad
UAK uak 	UAG uag 	UAG uag
UE ue 	UE ue 	UÊ uê
UEN uen 	UEN uen 	UÊN uên
UET uet 	UED ued 	UÊD uêd
UI ui 	UI ui 	UI ui
UAI uai 	UAI uai 	UAI uai
M m 	M m 	M m
N n 	N n 	N n
NG ng 	NG ng 	NG ng
==== Meixian direct ====
Pagvasii (Official) 	Biang’im 	Guongdung Biang’im (original)
Ṳ ṳ 	II ii 	E e, -I -i
I i, YI yi 	I i, YI yi 	I i, YI yi
U u 	U u 	U u
A a 	A a 	A a
IA ia, YA ya 	IA ia, YA ya 	IA ia, YA ya
OA oa 	UA ua 	UA ua
O o 	O o 	O o
IO io, YO yo 	IO io, YO yo 	IO io, YO yo
UO uo 	UO uo 	
E e 	E e 	Ê ê
IE ie, YE ye 	IE ie, YE ye 	IÊ iê, YÊ yê
OE oe 	UE ue 	UÊ uê
AI ai 	AI ai 	AI ai
IAI iai, YAI yai 	IAI iai, YAI yai 	IAI iai, YAI yai
UAI uai 	UAI uai 	UAI uai
OI oi 	OI oi 	OI oi
AU au 	AU au 	AU au
IAU iau, YAU yau 	IAU iau, YAU yau 	IAU iau, YAU yau
EU eu 	EU eu 	ÊU êu
IU iu, YU yu 	IU iu, YU yu 	IU iu, YU yu
IUI iui, YUI yui 	IUI iui, YUI yui 	IUI iui, YUI yui
UI ui 	UI ui 	UI ui
AM am 	AM am 	AM am
IAM iam, YAM yam 	IAM iam, YAM yam 	IAM iam, YAM yam
EM em 	EM em 	ÊM êm
ṲM ṳm 	IIM iim 	EM em
IM im, YIM yim 	IM im, YIM yim 	IM im, YIM yim
AN an 	AN an 	AN an
IAN ian, YAN yan 	IAN ian, YAN yan 	IAN ian, YAN yan
OAN oan 	UAN uan 	UAN uan
ON on 	ON on 	ON on
ION ion, YON yon 	ION ion, YON yon 	ION ion, YON yon
UON uon 	UON uon 	
EN en 	EN en 	ÊN ên
IEN ien, YEN yen 	IEN ien, YEN yen 	IÊN iên, YÊN yên
OEN oen 	UEN uen 	UÊN uên
ṲN ṳn 	IIN iin 	EN en
IN in, YIN yin 	IN in, YIN yin 	IN in, YIN yin
IUN iun, YUN yun 	IUN iun, YUN yun 	IUN iun, YUN yun
UN un 	UN un 	UN un
ANG ang 	ANG ang 	ANG ang
IANG iang, YANG yang	IANG iang, YANG yang	IANG iang, YANG yang
OANG oang 	UANG uang 	UANG uang
ONG ong 	ONG ong 	ONG ong
IONG iong, YONG yong	IONG iong, YONG yong	IONG iong, YONG yong
UONG uong 	UONG uong 	
IUNG iung, YUNG yung	IUNG iung, YUNG yung	IUNG iung, YUNG yung
UNG ung 	UNG ung 	UNG ung
AP ap 	AB ab 	AB ab
IAP iap, YAP yap 	IAB iab, YAB yab 	IAB iab, YAB yab
EP ep 	EB eb 	ÊB êb
ṲP ṳp 	IIB iib 	EB eb
IP ip, YIP yip 	IB ib, YIB yib 	IB ib, YIB yib
AT at 	AD ad 	AD ad
IAT iat, YAT yat 	IAD iad, YAD yad 	IAD iad, YAD yad
OAT oat 	UAD uad 	UAD uad
OT ot 	OD od 	OD od
ET et 	ED ed 	ÊD êd
IET iet, YET yet 	IED ied, YED yed 	IÊD iêd, YÊD yêd
OET oet 	UED ued 	UÊD uêd
ṲT ṳt 	IID iid 	ED ed
IT it, YID yid 	ID id, YID yid 	ID id, YID yid
IUT iut, YUT yut 	IUD iud, YUD yud 	IUD iud, YUD yud
UT ut 	UD ud 	UD ud
AK ak 	AG ag 	AG ag
IAK iak, YAK yak 	IAG iag, YAG yag 	IAG iag, YAG yag
OAK oak 	UAG uag 	UAG uag
OK ok 	OG og 	OG og
IOK iok, YOK yok 	IOG iog, YOG yog 	IOG iog, YOG yog
UOG uog 	UOG uog 	
IUK iuk, YUK yuk 	IUG iug, YUG yug 	IUG iug, YUG yug
UK uk 	UG ug 	UG ug
M m 	M m 	M m
N n, NG ng 	N n, NG ng 	N n (NG ng)
=== Tones ===
Pagvasii (Official)	Guongdung Biang’im (original)	Name 	IPA Numbers and Biang’im (Meixian) (original)	IPA Numbers and Biang’im (Sixian) (original)	IPA Numbers and Biang’im (Hailu)	IPA Numbers and Biang’im (Dapu)	IPA Numbers and Biang’im (Raoping)	IPA Numbers and Biang’im (Zhao’an)	IPA Numbers and Biang’im (South Sixian)
A a 	1 	阴平 	A a / 44 	Á á / 24 	À à / 42 (53) 	Ā ā / 33, Á á / 35 	Ǎ ǎ / 11 	Ǎ ǎ / 11 	Á á / 24, Ā ā / 33
Á á 	3 	阴上/阳上(归阴上) 	Â â / 31 	À à / 31 	Á á / 24 	Â â / 31 	À à / 53 	À à / 53 	À à / 31
À à 	4 	阴去 	À à / 53 	A a / 55 	Ǎ ǎ / 11 	À à / 53 	À à / 53 	Â â / 31 	A a / 55
AK ak 	5 	阴入 	ÀG àg / 1. 	ÀG àg / 2. (21.) 	AG ag / 5. 	ÂG âg / 21 	ÀG àg / 2. 	ÁG ág / 24. 	ÀG àg / 2.
Â â 	2 	阳平 	Ǎ ǎ / 11 	Ǎ ǎ / 11 	A a / 55 	Ǎ ǎ / 113 	A a / 55 	À à / 53 	Ǎ ǎ / 11
(Å å) 	7 	阳去 	 	A a / 55 	Ā ā / 33 	À à / 53 	Á á / 24 	A a / 55 	A a / 55
A̍K a̍k 	6 	阳入 	AG ag / 5. 	AG ag / 5. 	ÀG àg / 2. 	ÀG àg / 54. 	AG ag / 5. 	ÀG àg / 43. 	AG ag / 5.
Category:Latin alphabets
Category:Chinese writing systems