DC Metropolitan Area

The Washington Metropolitan Area, formally known as the Washington–Arlington–Alexandria, DC–VA–MD–WV MSA, and also known as the National Capital Region, is a U.S. Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget. It is also part of the larger Baltimore–Washington region, with a population of 8,440,617.
The Washington Metropolitan Area is the most educated and by some measures, the most affluent metropolitan area in the United States. As of the 2009 Census Bureau estimate[update], the population of the Washington Metropolitan Area was estimated to be 5,476,241, making it the eighth-largest metropolitan area in the country.
Some federal agencies, such as the Department of Homeland Security, refer to part of the area as the National Capital Region. The Virginia portion of the area is known as Northern Virginia.
==Composition==
The Washington Metropolitan Area includes the District of Columbia and parts of the states of Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia.
Metropolitan Area and Metropolitan Statistical Area, should not be confused with Metropolitan Division, which falls the under former.
===Political subdivisions===
*Washington
**District of Columbia
*Virginia
**Alexandria
**Arlington County
**Fairfax County
**Falls Church
**Loudon County
**Prince William County
*Maryland
**Anne Arundel County
**Calvert County
**Charles County
**Frederick County
**Howard County
**Montgomery County
**Prince George's County
==Regional organizations==
====Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments====
Founded in 1957, the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments (MWCOG) is a regional organization of 21 Washington-area local governments, as well as area members of the Maryland and Virginia state legislatures, the U.S. Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives. MWCOG provides a forum for discussion and the development of regional responses to issues regarding the environment, transportation, public safety, homeland security, affordable housing, community planning, and economic development.
The National Capital Region Transportation Planning Board, a component of MWCOG, is the federally-designated metropolitan planning organization for the metropolitan Washington area.
==Demographics==
Presidential election results
Year	DEM 	GOP 	Others
2008	68.0% 1,603,902	31.0% 728,916	1.0% 25,288
2004	61.0% 1,258,743	38.0% 785,144	1.4% 19,735
2000	58.5% 1,023,089	37.9% 663,590	3.6% 62,437
1996	57.0% 861,881 	37.0% 558,830	6.0% 89,259
1992	53.0% 859,889 	34.1% 553.369	12.9% 209,651
1988	50.4% 684,453 	48.6% 659,344	1.0% 14,219
1984	51.0% 653,568 	48.5% 621,377	0.4% 5,656
1980	44.7% 484,590 	44.6% 482,506	11.1% 115,797
1976	54.2% 590,481 	44.9% 488,995	1.0% 10,654
1972	44.2% 431,257 	54.8% 534,235	1.1% 10,825
1968	49.4% 414,345 	39.1% 327,662	11.5% 96,701
1964	69.8% 495,490 	30.2% 214,293	0.1% 462
1960	52.5% 204,614 	47.3% 184,499	0.1% 593
===Politics===
The relative strength of the major political parties within the region is shown by the presidential election results since 1960, as presented in the table to the right.
===Racial composition===
The area has been a magnet for international in-migration since the late 1960s. It is also a magnet for internal migration (persons moving from one region of the U.S. to another). Census estimates show that persons of post-1965 immigrant stock will likely represent 25% of the region's population by 2010, forming a bigger population bloc than native blacks for the first time.
Racial composition of the Washington, D.C. area:
;2006
*White : 51.7%
*Black : 26.3%
*Asian : 8.4%
*Hispanic : 11.6%
*Mixed and Other : 2.0%
;1980
*White : 67.8%
*Black : 26.0%
*Asian : 2.5%
*Hispanic : 2.8%
*Mixed and Other : 0.9%
===Educational attainment and affluence===
The Washington Metropolitan Area has ranked as the highest-educated metropolitan area in the nation for four decades. As of the 2006–2008 American Community Survey, the three most educated places with 200,000 people or more in Washington–Arlington–Alexandria by bachelor's degree attainment (population 25 and over) are Arlington, Virginia (68.0%), Fairfax County, Virginia (58.8%), and Montgomery County, Maryland (56.4%). Forbes magazine stated in its 2008 "America's Best- And Worst-Educated Cities" report: "The D.C. area is less than half the size of L.A., but both cities have around 100,000 Ph.D.'s."
In recent years the Washington Metropolitan Area has overtaken the San Francisco Bay Area as the highest-income metropolitan area in the nation. The median household income of the region is $72,800. The two highest median household income counties in the nation – Loudoun and Fairfax County, Virginia – are components of the MSA (and #3 is Howard County, officially in Baltimore's sphere but strongly connected with Washington's); measured in this way, Alexandria ranks 10th among municipalities in the region - 11th if Howard is included - and 23rd in the entire United States. 12.2% of Northern Virginia's 881,136 households, 8.5% of suburban Maryland's 799,300 households, and 8.2% of Washington's 249,805 households have an annual income in excess of $200,000, compared to 3.7% nationally.
==Economy==
Rosslyn is home to the tallest high-rises in the region. NIH Clinical Center in Bethesda. Gannett Company headquarters in Tysons Corner.The various agencies of the Federal Government employ over 140,000 professionals in the Washington D.C. area. A sizable number in the Washington D.C. area work for defense and civilian contracting companies that conduct business directly with the Federal Government (many of these firms are referred to as 'Beltway Bandits' under the local vernacular). As a result, the Federal Government provides the underlying basis of the economy in the region. However, the Washington D.C. area is increasingly home to a diverse segment of businesses not directly related to the Federal Government.
The Washington, D.C. area has the largest science and engineering work force of any metropolitan area in the nation in 2006 according to the Greater Washington Initiative at 324,530, ahead of the combined San Francisco Bay Area work force of 214,500, and Chicago metropolitan area at 203,090, citing data from U.S. Census Bureau, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Claritas Inc., and other sources.
The Washington, D.C. area was ranked as the second best High-Tech Center in a statistical analysis of the top 100 Metropolitan areas in the United States by American City Business Journals in May 2009, behind the Silicon Valley and ahead of the Boston metropolitan area. Fueling the metropolitan area's ranking was the reported 241,264 tech jobs in the region, a total was eclipsed only by New York, Los Angeles, and the combined San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland regions, as well as the highest master's and/or doctoral degree attainment among the 100 ranked metropolitan areas.
Notably the Washington D.C. Area is home to several major research universities, hundreds of think tanks and non-profit organizations. Additionally, Washington D.C. is a top tourism destination as flocks of Americans and foreigners from around the world visit the museums and monuments of the Capital city year round with the peak season being during the Spring and Summer months of April through August. Moreover, the Washington D.C. area attracts dozens of major conferences & conventions each year which also contribute greatly to the region's economy.
===Primary industries===
====Biotechnology====
Not limited to its proximity to the National Institutes of Health, Maryland's Washington suburbs are a major center for biotechnology. Prominent local biotech companies include MedImmune, The Institute for Genomic Research, Human Genome Sciences, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
====Defense contracting====
Many defense contractors are based in the region to be close to the Pentagon in Arlington. Local defense contractors include Lockheed Martin, the largest, as well as Raytheon, General Dynamics, BAE Systems, Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC), Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), CACI, and Orbital Sciences Corporation. Northrup Grumman will move its headquarters to the region by the summer of 2011.
===Notable company headquarters in the region===
List of companies headquartered in the Washington Metropolitan Area with revenues in excess of $5 billion, including companies that are in the process of relocating to the area and excluding those that are leaving. Seven of the companies are located in Tysons Corner and use McLean addresses.
Company 	Region 	Revenue (billions)	Employees (worldwide)
AES Corporation 	Northern Virginia (Arlington) 	$14.7 	28,000
Booz Allen Hamilton 	Northern Virginia (McLean) 	$5.1 	23,000
Coventry Health Care 	Suburban Maryland (Bethesda) 	$14.0 	10,250
Capital One 	Northern Virginia (McLean) 	$16.0 	31,800
Computer Sciences Corporation	Northern Virginia (Falls Church)	$16.7 	94,000
Danaher Corporation 	District of Columbia 	$11.2 	50,300
Fannie Mae 	District of Columbia 	$29.1 	5,800
Freddie Mac 	Northern Virginia (McLean) 	$37.6 	5,281
Gannett Company 	Northern Virginia (McLean) 	$5.6 	49,675
General Dynamics 	Northern Virginia (Falls Church)	$32.0 	91,200
Geico 	Suburban Maryland (Chevy Chase) 	$9.2 	25,000
Hilton Worldwide 	Northern Virginia (McLean) 	$7.5 	130,000
Lockheed Martin 	Suburban Maryland (Bethesda) 	$45.2 	140,000
Marriott International 	Suburban Maryland (Bethesda) 	$11.0 	151,000
Mars, Incorporated 	Northern Virginia (McLean) 	$28.0 	65,000
Northrop Grumman 	Northern Virginia (Falls Church)	$35.6 	120,000
Pepco Holdings 	District of Columbia 	$9.3 	5,592
SAIC 	Northern Virginia (McLean) 	$10.8 	46,000
(Total) 	District of Columbia 	$49.6 	61,692
(Total) 	Suburban Maryland 	$70.2 	301,250
(Total) 	Northern Virginia 	$209.6 	683,956
==Transportation==
===Major airports===
*Washington Dulles International Airport (IAD), located in Chantilly, Virginia – the busiest in the region
*Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA), located in Arlington County, Virginia – the closest to Washington
*Baltimore-Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport (BWI), located in Linthicum, Maryland – in the Baltimore Metropolitan Area
===Rail transit systems===
*Washington Metro – DC, MD, VA (Rapid transit)
*MARC Train – DC, MD, WV (Commuter rail)
*Virginia Railway Express – DC, VA (Commuter rail)
*Amtrak – DC, MD, VA, WV (Commuter rail, Inter-city rail)
===Bus transit systems===
*DC Circulator – Washington, D.C.
*Metrobus – Washington Metropolitan Area
*Ride On - Montgomery County, Maryland
*TheBus - Prince George's County, Maryland
*ART - Arlington County, Virginia
*DASH - Alexandria, Virginia
*Fairfax Connector - Fairfax County, Virginia
==Health==
The Washington DC metro area has held the top spot in the American College of Sports Medicine's annual American Fitness Index ranking of the United States' 50 most populous metropolitan areas for two years running. The report cites, among other things, the high average fitness level and healthy eating habits of residents, the widespread availability of health care and facilities like swimming pools, tennis courts, and parks, low rates of obesity and tobacco use relative to the national average, and the high median household income as contributors to the city's community health.
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