Cyclisme

Cyclisme est un Sports activitato tyicen ep un ciped (ex Latin velocipes = "okuped"; "cyclisme" ex Hellen κύκλος = "kwekwl") ed quod consist andhe un certain distance. 
 
Eddie Merckx (Edouard Louis Joseph baron Merckx, gnaht in 1945 in id Flemisch-Brabant, Belgia) buit un belg cycliste active ex 1961 tiel 1978. Med 525 sohlt ernus is est is aiwo gohdsto sportscycliste. Is sohl penkwes id Tour de France ed id Giro d'Italia, sohl vasya classics ploisko Paris-Tours, sohl id Vuelta a España tem quem id Mund Championat (her photo ab Door Ken, 1974 in Montréal, Canada, ed id mund contrawakt record. 
==Historia ios ciped==
Id atav ios ciped esiet id dreun Laufmaschine quod buit anact in 1818 in ia jardins du Luxembourg in Paris ab Karl Friedrich Drais von Sauerbronn, un deutsch baron ex id Hercegdem Baden; tod invention bihsit popular sub id nam draisienne. Ids frontkwekwl eet monten ep pivot, quod permiss ad nihes id machine. Id machine os Drais buit moxu copiet in England ed makht ex sider sub id nam dandy-horse au hobby-horse. 
In 1839, un alban kovach, K. MacMillan, introduxit id neud om pedals, yugen uni curbel pagen ei eneb ios caudkwekwl. 
In 1861, is Franceois Pierre Michaux ed eys dwo sons, Ernest ed Henri, concepe id dayi os beghabe id frontkwekwl uns draisienne med uno menghia om dranghs, hamands ed scamias kay swekwehre id propulsion ios vehicule med peds : gnaht id pedalcrank, tun sub id nam michaudine. 
Divers kayjins vahnt dahe tadrijan ei ciped ids moderne forme. Prest-ye, id apparition ios zangir, due iom Franceoiso Sergent in 1865. 
In 1869, id compagnie Meyer & C°, sekwent ia studyes ios saatar Guillemet, creet id prest moderne ciped : dwo kwekwls os quasi egal diameter, preter esend director front-ye ed alter motor caud-ye, samt central pedalcrank ed zangirtransmission. Guillemets ciped, alnos metallic, biht exposen ep id Pré-Catelan in Paris, in November 1869 : est id presto Salon du cycle. 
Yed tod dayi pau convinct : id motoro frontkwekwl est prefern, quos diameter biht auct kay hassile un superior pedalgain : est id vogh ios grand bi(cycle) - machine samt un enormo frontkwekwl ed uno micri caudkwekwl -, quod prefiguret id futur ghirratio, samt un platu zangirring front-ye ed uno smulk zangirrot caud-ye. 
Pos diversa solutions pro kayjine securitat, buit riken id pedalcrank ed id transmission med ghir dind med zangir, in 1880, dank un ciped samt motor caudkwekwl mot med un zangir instohlen ab iom Englisch Starley. 
Oct yars serter, un Alban, John Dunlop, invent id pneu, quod is diehnt ei kwekwl, ed id valve; ies braters Michelin demontableihnt id mox. In 1896 prehpt id leudher kwekwl; in 1898 id retropedalen braik; in 1902, id Bowden braik, quod samghat kabel ed braikschous; in 1905, id enebgihr biht invent ab iom Franceois Paul de Vivie. Id moderne derailer tarikhet ex circum 1925. 
Ia sensta notable modifications ios cyclist material sont id weiden, unteia 1980tias, iom plenkwekwls ed ios salvtatspedal : tuntos eent ia pedals samt striepmens; taiper, pedals aunt ia ed naudhe id neud om sonterschous qua embaudhent-se do ia.
 Jeannie Longo (gnahn in 1958 in Annecy, France) ghehldt ka aiwo gohdsta spehrdcyclistin, samt 59 national titules, 13 titules as mund champion ed oin Olympic titule. 
==Ia prest ernus==
Is prest experimental cycliste drahsa muss in 1868, in Saint-Cloud, med id ciped quei Pierre Michaux hieb adapten dwo curbels. Buit sohlen ab iom Englisch James Moore. Ye id sehkwnd yar, id iendh unte 10 h 34' ia 120 km inter Paris ed Rouen, id prest ernu aiw organiset inter dwo urbs. I dyindars ios ciped, quod biht titwarlienmen, bihnt stets kathirer ed seule clubs. Id prest national federation est englisch : id National Cyclist Union, creen in 1878, est dwoater quem id League of American Wheelmen. In 1881, directors om societats in Paris ed ia provinces samghate ed creent id Union vélocipédique de France, bihn Fédération française de cyclisme in 1941. Id presto spehrd om cipeds samt pneus buit organiset in Belfast in 1889 ed id presto drahsachampionat os France (100 km) in moderne conditions muss in 1890. In 1903, Henri Desgrange ed id journal L'Auto lanceer id mierst international cycliste ernu, id Tour de France.
Id Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), sulen in 1900, xiseyt tienxia cyclisme.
 Gino Bartali (1914-2000) buit un Italian spehrdcycliste qui sohl tris id Giro d'Italia, dwis id Tour de France, tem quem mult alya spehrds unte ia 1930tias ed 1940tias, besonters quar Milan-San Remo ed tri Giro di Lombardia. Idso sigh in id Tour de France 1948 maung-ye contribuit milder id climat os social tension in Italia pos id deuysus attentat contra Palmiro Togliatti, Secretar-General ios Italian Communiste Partise. Unte Mund Weir Dwo, is kohl in sien ciped fals documents kay salve Yudis ud id Schoah. 
==Types om ernus==
Existent plur types om cipedernus ep strad : 
- circuit drahsas (mathalan : id Mund Championat); 
- ia "classics" wa oindien drahsas inter dwo different locs (mathalan : Paris-Roubaix);
-ia etapendrahsas (mathalan : id Tour de France), inter 2 ed 22 diens ed qua ghehde muttihes, trans id general ranking, sem sonterrankings (ghyor, individual points, ye swoins...) mohldt med distinctive maykas;
- contrawakta drahsas (mathalan : eni id quader iom Olympic Leiks), ielg spehrder startend seni kay andhe un certain distance meist oku.
 
- cort ernus ep circuits.