Milan Metro 8000 series

The Milan Metro 8000 series, nicknamed Tradizionali, is a rapid transit electric multiple unit operated by Azienda Trasporti Milanesi (ATM) on the Milan Metro since May 1990.
==History==
The 8000 series is the first generation of rolling stock operational on the Milan Metro's Line M3. These were developed using test results from the "Inverter" batch of 500 series trains operating on Line M2.
An initial batch of forty sets was manufactured from 1989 to 1990; the first set entered service on 3 May 1990 with the opening of Line M3. The locomotives's bodyshells were built by Breda, Fiat Ferroviaria, Stanga and Socimi while their electrical equipment and bogies were manufactured by ABB, Ercole Marelli, Ansaldo Trasporti, Parizzi and Socimi. Five more sets were built between 2003 and 2004 by AnsaldoBreda for the opening of an extension to Maciachini.
The sets have been refurbished since 2018 and have been operating alongside the Meneghinos since 2010. The six Socimi-built sets, 8069-8070 through 8079-8080, were withdrawn some time between 2016 and 2019 due to their inability to interoperate with other 8000 series sets.
==Design==
The 8000 series is constructed of an aluminum alloy. Each set consists of three semi-permanently coupled cars, comprising of two powered cab cars and one unpowered intermediate car.
Couplings between each of the series varies; two sets are typically coupled back to back. Typically trains with consecutive numbers are coupled together (e.g. 8001-8002 with 8003-8004 etc.) although 8109-8110 must be coupled with one of the first forty sets manufactured. Some trains were refurbished to have a slightly updated livery and new headlights.
It is said their exterior design influenced the East Japan Railway Company's 209 and 901 series of trains and related derivatives.
==Specifications==
The 8000 series uses a GTO variable frequency drive system; most sets use a system manufactured by ABB while 8069-8070 through 8079-8080 use Hitachi GTO systems. Trains with different inverters cannot couple to each other.
==Incidents==
8041-8042 and 8043-8044 were damaged in a flood in 2010 and withdrawn from service.
==Gallery==
ATM Tradizionali 8053 2021.png|Initial cab design
Category:Electric trainsets
Category:AnsaldoBreda locomotives
Category:Breda locomotives
Category:Fiat locomotives
Category:Stanga locomotives
Category:Socimi locomotives
Category:ATM locomotives
Category:Milan Metro locomotives