Frank Sinatra

Francis Albert Sinatra † (December 12, 1915 - c. May 14, 1998 [aged 82]) better known online as Frank Sinatra, was an American singer and actor. 
==History==
Francis Albert Sinatra was born on December 12, 1915, as the only child of Italian immigrants Natalina "Dolly" Garaventa and Antonino Martino "Marty" Sinatra, who boxed under the name Marty O'Brien.https://archive.org/details/franksinatraread00petk 
At a young age, Sinatra developed an interest in music, particularly big band jazz and listened to Gene Austin, Rudy Vallée, Russ Colombo, and Bob Eberly while idolizing Bing Crosby.https://books.google.com/books?id=F4DEdXSMYikC&pg=PA40 For his 15th birthday, his uncle Domenico gave him a ukulele, with which he performed at family gatherings.https://books.google.com/books?id=qAhtNiAl3YsC&pg=PA642 Dolly found her son work as a delivery boy at the Jersey Observer newspaper, where his godfather, Frank Garrick, worked. He began performing in local Hoboken social clubs and sang for free on radio stations such as WAAT in Jersey City. In New York, Sinatra found jobs singing for his supper or for cigarettes. To improve his speech, he began taking elocution lessons for a dollar each from vocal coach John Quinlan, one of the first people to notice his impressive vocal range.https://books.google.com/books?id=EnbzfyWuuL0C 
Sinatra began singing professionally as a teenager. Even though he never learned to read music, he learned by ear.http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/music/top-ten-things-that-make-frank-sinatra-cool-6614026 He got his first break in 1935 when his mother persuaded a local singing group called the 3 Flashes to let him join. Baritone Fred Tamburro stated that "Frank hung around us like we were gods or something", admitting that they only took him on board because he owned a car and could chauffeur the group around.https://archive.org/details/franksinatra00nanc/page/24 Sinatra soon learned they were auditioning for the Major Bowes Amateur Hour show, and "begged" the group to let him in on the act. With Sinatra, the group became known as the Hoboken Four, and passed an audition from Edward Bowes to appear on the show. Sinatra quickly became the group's lead singer. Due to the success of the group, Bowes kept asking for them to return, disguised under different names, varying from "The Secaucus Cockamamies" to "The Bayonne Bacalas".Sinatra at the Sands (1966) 
==Death==
Sinatra was in ill health, and was frequently hospitalized for heart and breathing problems, high blood pressure, pneumonia and bladder cancer. He made no public appearances following a heart attack in February 1997. Sinatra died of another heart attack at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, on the night of May 14, 1998, at age 82, with his wife Barbara at his side.https://web.archive.org/web/20210326201153/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/05/16/movies/frank-sinatra-dies-at-82-matchless-stylist-of-pop.html Barbara encouraged him to "fight" while attempts were made to stabilize him, and reported that his final words were, "I'm losing."http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/Music/9805/20/sinatra.funeral.early/index.html 
===Legacy===
Robert Christgau referred to Sinatra as "the greatest singer of the 20th century".http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/music/sinatra-det.php His popularity is matched only by Bing Crosby, Elvis Presley, The Beatles, and Michael Jackson. For Santopietro, Sinatra was the "greatest male pop singer in the history of America", who amassed "unprecedented power onscreen and off", and "seemed to exemplify the common man, an ethnic twentieth-century American male who reached the 'top of the heap', yet never forgot his roots". Santopietro argues that Sinatra created his own world, which he was able to dominate—his career was centred around power, perfecting the ability to capture an audience.https://archive.org/details/sinatrainhollywo00sant_0 
Various items of memorabilia from Sinatra's life and career, such as Frank Sinatra's awards, gold records, and various personal items are displayed at USC's Frank Sinatra Hall in Los Angeles and also at Wynn Resort's Sinatra restaurant in Las Vegas.https://web.archive.org/web/20140226032837/http://cinema.usc.edu/facilities/sinatrahall.cfmhttps://web.archive.org/web/20110718124553/http://www.wynnpressroom.com/index.php?s=23&cat=27 
The United States Postal Service issued a 42-cent postage stamp in honor of Sinatra in May 2008, commemorating the tenth anniversary of his death.https://web.archive.org/web/20131206211527/http://www.reuters.com/article/2007/12/05/idUS202395%2B05-Dec-2007%2BPRN20071205 The United States Congress passed a resolution on May 20, 2008, designating May 13 as Frank Sinatra Day.https://web.archive.org/web/20120423011715/http://bono.house.gov/News/DocumentSingle.aspx?DocumentID=91885
In 2023, Rolling Stone ranked Sinatra at No. 19 on their list of the 200 Greatest Singers of All Time.https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/frank-sinatra-5-1234643186/
==Discography==
===Albums===
*The Voice of Frank Sinatra (1946)
*Song by Sinatra (1947)
*Christmas Songs by Sinatra (1948)
*Frankly Sentimental (1949)
*Dedicated to You (1950)
*Sing and Dance with Frank Sinatra (1950)
*Songs for Young Lovers (1954)
*Swing Easy! (1954)
*In the Wee Small Hours (1955)
*Songs for Swingin' Lovers (1956)
*Close to You (1957)
*A Swinging' Affair! (1957)
*Where Are You? (1957)
*A Jolly Christmas from Frank Sinatra (1957)
*Come Fly with Me (1958)
*Frank Sinatra Songs for Only the Lonely (1958)
*Come Dance With Me! (1959)
*No One Cares (1959)
*Nice 'n' Easy (1960)
*Sinatra's Swingin' Session!!! (1961)
*Come Swing with Me! (1961)
*Ring-a-Ding-Ding! (1961)
*Swing Along with Me (1961)
*I Remember Tommy (1961)
*Point of No Return (1962)
*Sinatra and Strings (1962)
*Sinatra and Swingin' Brass (1962)
*All Alone (1962)
*Sinatra Sings Great Songs from Great Britain (1962)
*Sinatra-Basie: An Historic Musical First (1962)
*The Concert Sinatra (1963)
*Sinatra's Sinatra (1963)
*Sinatra Sings Days of Wine and Roses, Moon River, and Other Academy Award Winners (1964)
*America, I Hear You Singing (1964)
*It Might as Well Be Swing (1964)
*12 Songs of Christmas (1964)
*Softly, as I Leave You (1964)
*September of My Years (1965)
*My Kind of Broadway (1965)
*A Man and His Music (1965)
*Moonlight Sinatra (1965)
*Strangers in the Night (1966)
*That's Life (1966)
*Francis Albert Sinatra & Antonio Carlos Jobim (1967)
*The World We Knew (1967)
*Francis A. & Edward K. (1968)
*The Sinatra Family Wish You a Merry Christmas (1968)
*Cycles (1968)
*My Way (1969)
*A Man Alone (1969)
*Watertown (1970)
*Sinatra & Company (1971)
*Ol' Blue Eyes Is Back (1973)
*Some Nice Things I've Missed (1974)
*Trilogy: Past Present Future (1980)
*She Shot Me Down (1981)
*L.A. Is My Lady (1984)
*Duets (1993)
*Duets II (1994)
===Compilation Albums===
*This Is Sinatra! (1956)
*This Is Sinatra Volume 2 (1958)
*Look to Your Heart (1959)
*All the Way (1961)
*When Your Lover Has Gone (1961)
*Sinatra Sings of Love and Things (1962)
*The Great Years (1962)
*Sinatra '65: The Singer Today (1965)
*Forever Frank (1966)
*The Movie Songs (1967)
*Frank Sinatra's Greatest Hits (1968)
*Frank Sinatra's Greatest Hits, Vol. 2 (1972)
*The Sinatra Christmas Album (1994)
*16 Most Requested Songs (1995)
*Christmas Through the Years (1995)
*Everything Happens to Me (1996)
*Frank Sinatra Christmas Collection (2004)
*Christmas with Sinatra & Friends (2009)
*Baby Blue Eyes... May The First Voice You Hear Be Mine (2017)
*Ultimate Christmas (2017)
==Notes==
==References==
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