Open-data

Un datum est ghyanen sei quelkwe poitt leur-ye accedde, nudes, modifie ed smyehrihes id, po quodkwe ziel. 
Open-data est uno movment activisten pro id ghyanen iom daten. 
Open-data est unschi public siyassa consistend ghyane ia public data kay favorise ghyanen innovation in id public sector, responde im civs ed kayjine id transparence os public action ed bad behandihes id privat sectoro ressurces qua permitte id antplehcen om nov services. 
==Definition==
Ia open-data (Englisch open = "ghyant/ghyanen") sont uno menghia om daydey digital informations quom access ed neud sont likwn leudher im nudtors. Maghent ses os public au privat origin, product besonters ab un collectivitat, un public service, un civic collectivitat au un entreprise. Sont diffusa structuren-ye sekwent uno methode ed un ghyanen licence garantiend ir leudher access ed iro reneud ab quantens, aun technic, juridic au financial restriction. 
Id ghyahsa iom daten esti sammel uno movment, un philosophia os access do information, un public siyassa ed un publicationspraxis om leur-ye accessible ed exploitable data. Wardht eni un trend quod ayt public information ka un commun wesu quos diffusion est os public ed general interesse. 
Sem lands buir pionnier, bayna qua ia Uniet Stats os America, id Uniet Roydem, Australia ed Canada, dind France. Id movment hat-se extens besonters sub id impulse om Non-gouvernemental organisations kam id Open Knowledge Foundation ed id Open Government Partnership. 
In 2010, id Sunlight Foundation daftarti dec criteria kweitend open-data. Kay un datum sia ayn "ghyant", id dehlct ses : 
1- complete; 2- primar; 3- opportun; 4- accessible; 5- exploitable; 6- non-discriminator; 7- aunsuter; 8- auncopierect; 9- permanent; 10- gratis.
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==Recent historia open-daten==
In id Europay Union, id 2003/98/EC directive (Public Sector Information (PSI)) ios Concil ios Europay Union ios 17 November 2003 de id reneud iom public daten ed id INSPIRE directive os 2008 encourage ia open-data.
Samt Barack Obamas election, id ghyanen iom public daten biht un central axe ios US gouvernementios med id Open Government Initiative. 
In sien investiture logos, Barack Obama gnopeihti sien eiskwen os "cree un aunpreceddent ghyahsa nivell" kay "kardwne democratia ed promove ids efficience ed effectivitat eni id gouvernement".
In Marto 2009, is US Gouvernement lancet id federal portal iom open-daten : data.gov
In December ios sam yar, id ghyanen gouvernementios directive pont ia tri pillars ios collaboration inter id Stat ed i civs qua sont id transparence ios gouvernement, participation ed collaboration. Vivek Kundra, prest federal responsible iom informationsystemes (Chief Information Officer) in id Obama administration, observet od id "leuren tom daten hat gohnt un economia iom applications [...]; biht prispohct un boum tom antplehcercommunitats". 
In id Uniet Roydem, Gordon Brown lancet id open-data portal Data.gov.uk in Januar 2010 sub id impulse os Tim Berners-Lee. 
Unte id 2013 G8 Sommett, i G8 raysi ed waldhions hant signet un "G8 Charta pro id ghyanen iom public daten".
==Mathmoun==
Open-data est id dayi od sem data dehlgent ses leur-ye behandet ad cadanghen kay nudes ed republie ia kamlibt, aun restriction ab copierect, patents ni alya controlmecanismes. Ia ziels ios ghyant-code daten movment sont samlik tibs alyen "ghyant-code" movments kam ghyant-code software, hardware, ghyanto mathmoun, ghyant education, ghyant educative ressurces, ghyant gouvernement, ghyanto gnohsa, ghyant science ed id ghyant web. Paradoxal-ye, id crosct ios open-data movment est parallel uni augen iom rects os intellectual vetat. Id philosophia apter open-data esti diutos establiet (mathalan in id Mertonsk tradition de science), yed idpet lexis open-data est recent, gainus popularitat samt id crosct iom Internet ed Wiswenweb ed, besonters, med id lancen om open-data gouvernemental initiatives kam Data.gov, Data.gov.uk ed Data.gov.in. 
Open-data ghehde ses semschi linct open-data. Oino iom importantst formes open-daten est gouvernemental open-data, est-yod un forme open-daten creet ab decisional gouvernemental institutions. Id importance os gouvernemental open-data gwehmt ex id fact id est part ios cadadien im civs, hatta comprindend ia bilkull routine/trivial taska qua sont kwecto piern ud waldh.
Id concept open-data ne est nov, bet un formaliset definition est nisbatan-ye nov. Conceptual-ye, open-data ka phonomen denote od gouvernemental data dehlgent ses behandet qualkwe samt un possibilitat os renehmen in quodkwe forme aun quodkwe copierect restriction. Oin idafi definition est id "Ghyanto Definition" ghehdt-yod bihe resumet do un datum est leur sei quelkwe est leur de nudes, renudes ed renehme id - submitten tik ei naudh os anadehe ed/au os oismyehrihes id lika. Alya definitions, pati id Open Data Institute sbei Open-data sonti data quelkwe poitt accedde, nudes we smyehrihes hant un accessible corto version ios definition yed se refernt ei formal definition.
Open-data maghe include non-textual material kam maps, genomes, connectomes, chemic composits, mathematic ed scientific formules, medical data, ed praxis, bio-science ed biodiversitat. Problemes ops-prehpe ob ta sont commercial-ye kimatih we ghehde bihe aggreget do kimatih wehrgs. Id access au id reneud iom daten est controlt ab organisations, bo public ed privat. Control maghti tyehce per access restrictions, licences, copierect, patients ed demosias po access au reneud. Advoquers open-daten arguent od ta restrictions sont contra commun wesu ed od ta data dehlgent bihe buwen behandet aun restrictiono ni tariffs. Eti, est important ke ia data siant reneudet aun naudhe alyo permission, esdi ia types os reneud (kam id creation om derivative wehrgs) poitt bihe controlt med un licence. 
Daten creators ops ne bespehce id naudh os udwekwne vetat, licences ed reneud, instet presumpent od ne precide copierecto deht ia data do id public xeimen.
== Economia ==
Ia open-data permitte, ideal-ye, un prabh concurrence inter vasya entreprises. Lakin, sociologic studyes in Hind ed Canada hant enevidencen od access ed neud iom open-daten eent conditionen ab material (electricitat, possession os informatic material) ed social criteria (education). 
Eti, sekwent sem studyes, id leuren tom public daten dividiet med penk id capital necessar kay bunges un professional activitat in id sector os mobil telephonia. Id MEPSIR report ex 2006, financen ab id EU Commission, vehrt id EU mercat bohndt ei reneud om public informations oiskeipti 27 milliards om euros.