Shanghai Disneyland

== History[edit] ==
=== Preparations[edit] ===
The Chinese government approved the resort on November 4, 2009.[6] The Walt Disney Company announced on November 5, 2010, that it had signed an agreement with Shanghai Shendi Group to build the resort and park in Shanghai, with a planned opening in 2015.[7] On April 7, 2011, groundbreaking began at the Shanghai Disneyland Resort site.[8] On June 29, 2013, construction on the Enchanted Storybook Castle began.[9]
=== Construction[edit] ===
Major construction work started on April 8, 2011, targeting a spring 2016 opening.[4] The resort was planned to cover an area of 4 km2 (1.5 sq mi) and it was expected to cost CN¥ 25 billion (US$3.66 billion).[10] The project is financed by several large Chinese state-owned enterprises in Shanghai forming a joint venture with the Walt Disney Company.[10] "The first-phase of the project will be to the South of Huanglou Area, an area in Chuansha Town, the southeast suburbs of Shanghai's Pudong area; the second phase will extend further southwest," an urban developer from Shanghai stated.[citation needed] DeSimone Consulting Engineers were the structural engineers behind the construction work.[11]
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2018%E5%B9%B411%E6%9C%88%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E8%BF%AA%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E5%BA%A6%E5%81%87%E5%8C%BA%E4%BF%AF%E7%9E%B0.png|alt=|thumb|A satellite view of the resort in 2018.
On March 8, 2013, the company announced that the park would open in late 2015.[6] On February 2, 2015, the opening date was pushed back to early 2016.[12] On January 12, 2016, the park's opening date was announced as June 16, 2016, its final opening date.[1]
The cost was initially estimated at 24.5 billion yuan (US$3.7 billion) for the theme park and an additional 4.5 billion yuan (US$700 million).[6] That rose to around US$5.5 billion before delays,[13] which was partly due to more attractions opening to the public on the first day, which added US$800 million to the cost.[14][15] In addition to the attractions and two hotels, a high-speed rail system is being built to get visitors to and from the site.[15] Disney owns 43% of the property, and the state-controlled Shanghai Shendi Group owns the remaining 57%.[6]
=== Opening[edit] ===
On May 7, 2016, Shanghai Disneyland had started soft openings.[16]
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20161203%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E8%BF%AA%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%B9%90%E5%9B%AD%E5%8D%8E%E7%89%B9%E8%BF%AA%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%B8%8E%E7%B1%B3%E8%80%81%E9%BC%A0%E9%93%9C%E5%83%8F.jpg|thumb|Storytellers by Rick Terry and Ray Spencer
Disney aired the live broadcast of the grand opening show on its Facebook and the Disney TV stations on the night of June 15, 2016. Bob Iger, the chairman and chief executive officer of The Walt Disney Company, was joined by nearly 3,000 distinguished guests and celebrities for a showcase of choreography, acrobatics, costumes, and technology on grand scale, with dazzling lights, Disney music, pageantry, special effects, and fireworks. The show featured world-renowned pianist Lang Lang, who performed a custom arrangement of the musical sensation "Let It Go" (from Disney's Frozen) and China's television and actress Sun Li took center stage. The historic event included the debut of an original song, "Ignite the Dreamer Within", written especially for the grand opening of Shanghai Disneyland. Acclaimed composer and conductor Tan Dun, known for his scores for the films Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and Hero, led the Shanghai Symphony with an original composition of the new song.[17]
As the opening was met with rainy weather, Chinese Vice Premier Wang Yang told Iger that the rain is an auspicious sign of dollars and renminbi to come. Wang then read a brief message of congratulations from Chinese leader Xi Jinping, who said: "By adding to the classic Disney style a stroke of Chinese characteristics, and by blending international standards with best local practices, the resort demonstrates our commitment to cross-cultural cooperation."[18]
=== Ticket pricing[edit] ===
Tickets for the park went on sale on March 28, 2016, with a two-tiered pricing scheme.[19] On most days, day adult tickets will be CN¥ 370, while child and elderly one-day tickets will cost CN¥ 280, roughly 20% cheaper than Hong Kong Disneyland (which charges HK$539 for a day adult ticket).[19] During busier periods, including the first two weeks of the park's operation, adult day tickets will cost CN¥ 499,[19] while child and elderly tickets will cost CN¥ 375.[20] The park will be the first Disney park to feature tiered pricing.[20]
According to the International Business Times (IBT), the equivalent of park ticket pricing will cost about US$75 for adults and US$60 for children on holidays and weekends, and around US$60 for adults and US$45 for children on weekdays. IBT notes that "a two-day weekend ticket for two adults and one child comes close to China's average urban monthly wage."[21]
Opening day tickets sold out in a few hours after they had gone on sale at midnight, March 28. However, more tickets were put on sale several days before the official opening day.[22]
=== Response to COVID-19[edit] ===
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the park (which was the first Disney park to close) temporarily closed from January 25, 2020, following the actions of Ocean Park Hong Kong and Hong Kong Disneyland Park.[23][24][25][26][27][28] It remained closed the following three and a half months, reopening to guests on May 11, 2020, becoming the first of the Disney Parks to reopen.[29] It reopened under strict rules that included, but was not limited to, social distancing, reduced capacity, temperature screenings, and mandatory face masks.[29] Shanghai Disney Resort closed for a second time due to an increase in COVID-19 cases in China from March 21, 2022, through June 29, 2022. The resort reopened for the second time on June 30, 2022. On October 31, 2022, it was announced that the park would once again close indefinitely due to a surge in cases.[30] It last closed on November 29, 2022, before reopening again on December 8 after China eased its "zero COVID" policy in response to protests.[citation needed]
== Park layout[edit] ==
See also: List of Shanghai Disneyland Park attractions
Unlike other Disney parks, Shanghai Disneyland does not feature a steam railroad surrounding the park's perimeter and has no earthen berm to obscure the outside world from guest view. As a replacement for a central-spoked/hub, the center of the park features a 4.5-hectare (11-acre) collection of Chinese zodiac gardens called the Gardens of Imagination.[31] Main Street U.S.A. has given way to Mickey Avenue, which introduces Chinese visitors to Disney characters.[32] Conventional-themed lands such as Adventureland are reimagined into Adventure Isle, and other lands, such as Frontierland, are omitted entirely.[33] Several staple attractions, such as Space Mountain, Jungle Cruise, and It's a Small World, are excluded as Disney wanted to avoid criticism of cultural imperialism.[34] Restaurant seating has been revised upwards after studies found that Chinese guests take longer over meals, and extensive picnic areas are better adapted to extended families with grandparents. Also, there is more live entertainment as many Chinese patrons prefer that to thrill rides.[32]
In regards to the layout of other Magic Kingdom parks, this park's layout is mirrored. Instead of being on the left side of main hub, Adventure Isle (Adventureland) is on the right side; while as Tomorrowland is now on the left side instead of the right. Fantasyland is located in the back behind the castle (Enchanted Storybook Castle).[citation needed]
=== Mickey Avenue[edit] ===
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:18-03-13_ShanghaiDisney_029.jpg|alt=|thumb|The entrance to the park, which leads onto Mickey Avenue.
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E8%BF%AA%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC_%E5%B0%8F%E7%86%8A%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%BC_%E8%B7%B3%E8%B7%B3%E8%99%8E_%E5%B1%B9%E8%80%B3.jpg|alt=|thumb|Pooh, Tigger, and Eeyore on Mickey Avenue
Main article: Main Street, U.S.A.
Mickey Avenue, the entrance of the park, is the park's equivalent to Main Street, U.S.A. The area is inspired by the personalities of Disney cartoon characters such as Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Donald Duck, and Chip 'n' Dale as well as Disney films, including Ratatouille, The Three Caballeros, and Lady and the Tramp.[35] Avenue M Arcade, the largest gift shop in the park,[36] is modeled after the Carthay Circle Theater.[37] The Storytellers statue, which depicts a young Walt Disney and Mickey Mouse, is at the end of Mickey Avenue and in front of the Gardens of Imagination.[citation needed]
=== Gardens of Imagination[edit] ===
The hub of the park, this land features seven 4.5-hectare (11-acre) Chinese gardens with each of the twelve animals of the Chinese zodiac represented by Disney characters.[37][38] Attractions include Dumbo the Flying Elephant, Fantasia Carousel, and Marvel Super Heroes at Marvel Universe, a meet-and-greet pavilion featuring Marvel characters. Entertainment includes castle stage shows as well as the nightly Ignite the Dream, A Nighttime Spectacular of Magic and Light.[36][39] Mickey's Storybook Express, a parade with a musical soundtrack and colorful performers, runs on the longest parade route in a Disney park.[citation needed]
=== Fantasyland[edit] ===
Main article: Fantasyland
Fantasyland is the park's largest land themed to Disney animated films. The land features the 197 ft (60 m) Enchanted Storybook Castle, themed to Disney princesses.[35][40] The castle is the largest in any Disney theme park and features the Royal Banquet Hall restaurant, a boutique,[37] and Voyage to the Crystal Grotto, a boat ride around and under the castle that takes guests past scenes from films including Tangled, Aladdin, Mulan, Fantasia, The Little Mermaid and Beauty and the Beast.[37] Attractions include Seven Dwarfs Mine Train, Peter Pan's Flight, The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh, Evergreen Playhouse (including For the First Time in Forever: A Frozen Sing-Along Celebration), Alice's Curious Labyrinth, a walk-through hedge maze inspired by the 1951 and 2010 versions film adaptations, and the Hunny Pot Spin, a spinning Teacups-style ride themed to The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh.[37]
=== Treasure Cove[edit] ===
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Entrane_to_Pirates_of_the_Caribbean_Battle_for_the_Sunken_Treasure_at_Shanghai_Disneyland_Park.jpg|alt=|thumb|Entrance to Pirates of the Caribbean: Battle for the Sunken Treasure
Treasure Cove is themed to an 18th-century Spanish harbor town located on a Caribbean island that has been captured by Captain Jack Sparrow from Pirates of the Caribbean.[37][41] The land's marquee attraction is Pirates of the Caribbean: Battle for the Sunken Treasure, a dark ride based on the films.[41] Guests, riding in magnetically propelled boats, travel past audio-animatronic and projected depictions of Jack Sparrow and Davy Jones as the two battle against each other in attempt to seize the cove's sunken riches.[37]
The land also is home to Eye of the Storm: Captain Jack’s Stunt Spectacular, a stunt show inspired by the films and Siren's Revenge, a shipwreck-themed three-story interactive play area set aboard a wrecked French galleon.[35][37] Explorer Canoes are also located in this area.[citation needed]
=== Adventure Isle[edit] ===
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shanghai_Disneyland_Roaring_Rapids.jpg|thumb|Shanghai Disneyland Roaring Rapids
Main article: Adventureland (Disney)
Adventure Isle is the park's counterpart to Adventureland. Focused around a mysterious lost world full of hidden treasures, the land features Roaring Rapids, a river rapids ride through the land's towering Roaring Mountain and Soaring Over the Horizon, a hang gliding flight experience across the world. Additionally, the land features Tarzan: Call of the Jungle, a live acrobatic stage show, and Camp Discovery.[citation needed]
=== Tomorrowland[edit] ===
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20170219%E6%98%8E%E6%97%A5%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%97%A5%E8%90%BD.jpg|alt=|thumb|The TRON Lightcycle Power Run
Main article: Tomorrowland (Disney Parks)
Tomorrowland is the park's futuristic-themed land. Unlike the other Tomorrowlands, this version does not have Space Mountain and instead is home to TRON Lightcycle Power Run, an indoor Tron-themed roller coaster. Similarly, instead of an Astro Orbiter attraction, Shanghai's park includes a spinning Jet Packs ride. Other attractions include Tomorrowland Pavilion (home to Star Wars Launch Bay, which is permanently closed to make way for Avatar: Explorer Pandora), Stitch Encounter, and Buzz Lightyear Planet Rescue, a variant of previous Buzz Lightyear dark rides.[42]
=== Toy Story Land[edit] ===
Main article: Toy Story Land
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20180606%E8%83%A1%E8%BF%AA%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E5%98%89%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%8E.jpg|thumb|Toy Story Land
This Toy Story franchise-themed land, the park's first expansion,[43] opened on April 26, 2018.[44][45] The original plans for Shanghai Disneyland called for a Toy Story area with three rides, two restaurants, a show, and a gift shop.[citation needed] The Celebration Café, a restaurant that opened on opening day, was meant to be in Toy Story Land. Additionally, the nearby bathrooms are the same as the Toy Story Green Army Men attractions found at the other parks.[46]
=== Zootopia[edit] ===
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shanghai_Zootopia_Hot_Pursuit.jpg|thumb|Zootopia Hot Pursuit
An eighth themed land, "City of Zootopia", opened on December 20, 2023.[47] [48] Its only ride is the trackless dark ride Zootopia: Hot Pursuit.[49]
== Attractions – Chinese Cultural Elements[edit] ==
Shanghai Disneyland is the first Disneyland in mainland China with “authentically Disney” and “distinctly Chinese” features.[50]
=== Garden of the Twelve Friends[edit] ===
"Garden of the Twelve Friends" is a wall with 12 large mosaic murals in the "Garden of Imagination", with 12 Disney characters incorporated into the Chinese Zodiac.[51]
== Attendance[edit] ==
Year	Attendance	Worldwide Rank	Ref.
2016	5,600,000 	21 	[5]
2017	11,000,000	8 	[52]
2018	11,800,000	8 	[53]
2019	11,210,000	10 	[54]
2020	5,500,000 	— 	[55]
2020	8,480,000 	— 	[56]
2022	5,300,000 	— 	[57]
== See also[edit] ==
* Shanghai Disney Resort