1921 Baden-Württemberger federal election

Federal elections were held in Baden-Württemberg on 16 October 1921. They were the first elections held in the newly established country, which had been declared on 11 December 1920 in the aftermath of the Baden-Württemberg Offensive, the French intervention in the German Civil War.
== Background ==
The fledgling state of Baden-Württemberg found itself politically divided and in a precarious situation. Although all parties and organizations favored a united Germany and were strictly anti-separatist, they could not declare themselves a German state due to French opposition. The declaration on 11 December 1920 vaguely characterized the country as a regional union of restored monarchies shielding themselves against communism, leaving open the possibility of integration into a larger German state. 
Since elections could not be immediately held, the regional parliaments were hastily reassembled based on the results of the 1919 state elections, with the exclusion of the Communists (KPD) and Independent Socialists (USPD). These regional parliaments elected a Constitutional Assembly, tasked with writing a constitution and governing until elections could be held. Eugen Bolz of the German Centre Party (Zentrum) was elected provisionally as the State Minister, with the support of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and German Democratic Party (DDP), replacing the dictatorial government of General Oskar von Watter installed by the French following the Baden-Württemberg Offensive.
Despite the opposition of many in the SPD and DDP to the restorations of the regional monarchies, which had been unilaterally declared by Watter's provisional government, the Constitutional Assembly opted not to reverse this, instead creating a constitutional monarchy. The lowering of the voting age to 20 and extension of suffrage to women, attained under the Weimar Republic, remained in place, as did the abolition of the imperial constituencies and the two-round system, which had overrepresented rural areas. Seat counts would be determined proportionally by a party-list vote, with a dynamic seat count of one seat per 12,000 submitted votes.
==Results==
While both the SPD and DDP underperformed significantly compared to the 1919 election, the parties in support of the incumbent provisional government achieved an overwhelming majority, with nearly 66% of the vote and seats. The SPD had hoped to emerge in first place to position themselves at the head of the coalition, but when this didn't pan out they supported a continuation of the Bolz government.
In contrast, the right-wing German National People's Party (DNVP), their Landbund allies, and the German People's Party (DVP) together received only about 34% of the vote and seats. While the DNVP proposed a coalition government to Bolz, this would have relied either on the support of the less-than-enthusiastic Landbund, or the DVP, so the proposal ultimately fell through. Due to the poor performance of the right, the DNVP and Landbund agreed to form an electoral pact for future federal elections. This prompted the departure of the Bavarian Peasant's League, which had already been only tacitly aligned with the Landbund. They would form the German Farmer's Party ahead of the 1925 election, offering an alternative to the DNVP-Landbund alliance.
 	 	 	 	
Party 	Party 	Votes 	% 	Seats
 	German Centre Party 	738,420 	29.23	64
 	Social Democratic Party of Germany	674,284 	26.69	59
 	German National People's Party 	357,727 	14.16	31
 	Landbund 	302,363 	11.97	26
 	German Democratic Party 	250,356 	9.91 	21
 	German People's Party 	203,011 	8.04 	17
Valid votes 	Valid votes 	2,526,161	96.71	–
Invalid/blank votes 	Invalid/blank votes 	85,941 	3.29 	–
Total 	Total 	2,158,132	100 	218
Registered voters/turnout	Registered voters/turnout 	3,714,678	70.32	–
Category:Federal elections in Baden-Württemberg‏‎