Icmar of Tusculum

Icmar or Imar (died at Cluny on October 28, 1161Brixius, p. 44, says that he died between April 7, 1161, when he is attested for the last time as a living person, and June 1, 1162, when Theobaldus was appointed his successor as cardinal-bishop of Frascati. Date October 28 without a year is given by the necrology of St. Martin des Champs, published by F. Duchesne, Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois, 1660, p. 99) was a French cardinal. 
He entered the Benedictine order of the Congregation of Cluny in the monastery of Saint-Martin des Champes in Paris; for a some time, he was a monk at Cluny. Later, he became abbot of the monastery S. Maria Nuova in the diocese of PoitiersThis is according to the site of the see of Frascati and Brixius, p. 44. G. Moroni, p. 266 indicates that he was not abbot of S. Maria Nuova but abbot general of the Congregation of Cluny; however, Moroni seems to be in error because Icmar is not mentioned in Catalogus abbatum Cluniacensium. He was a friend of St. Bernard of Clairvaux, who mentioned him in his lettersG. Moroni, p. 266-267; Site of the see of Frascati. He was created Cardinal-Bishop of Tusculum (Frascati) by Pope Innocent II in the consistory celebrated in 1142S. Miranda: List of the cardinals created by Innocent II and received the episcopal consecration from that pope in the Lateran Basilica in March of that yearG. Moroni, p. 266. He participated in the papal elections of September 1143, March 1144, July 1153 and December 1154S. Miranda: papal elections of 12th century, and subscribed the papal bulls issued between April 19, 1142 and February 18, 1159Philipp Jaffé, p. 559, 605, 609, 615, 653 and 658. He served as papal legate in England in the pontificate of Pope Lucius II (1144–1145)G. Moroni, p. 266. He became Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals in 1153. After the double papal election, 1159 he joined the obedience of Antipope Victor IVS. Miranda, Election of Antipope Victor IV, September 7, 1159 and consecrated him to the episcopate in the abbey of Farfa on October 4, 1159 with the assistance of the bishops Ubaldo of Ferentino and Riccardo of MelfiS. Miranda: pseudocardinal bishops of Victor IV (no. 2 and 3). He was deposed by the legitimate Pope Alexander III. He participated in the schismatic Council of Pavia in February 1160, which anathematized Alexander III. Then he retired to the abbey of Cluny and died there.
Spanish historian Alphonso Ciacconio (c.1540–1599) in his opuscle Vitae et res gestae Pontificum Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalium mentions him among participants of the election of Antipope Paschal III (successor of Victor IV) in April 1164S. Miranda: Notes to the election of Antipope Paschal III on April 22, 1164, but this is unlikely because up to that time he had been replaced in his suburbicarian see.Brixius, p. 44. Neither G. Moroni, p. 266-267, nor the site of the see of Frascati mention Icmar's participation in the election of this antipope..
==Further reading==
*Johannes M. Brixius, Die Mitglieder des Kardinalskollegiums von 1130-1181, Berlin 1912, p. 44 and 91-92 
*Gaetano Moroni, Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni. Vol. XXXIII, Tipografia Emiliana, Venezia, 1840 - 1861, p. 266-267
*Philipp Jaffé, Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita Ecclesia ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII, Berlin 1851
*Biographical entries of the Cardinal-Bishops of Frascati (Tusculum) on the official site of that suburbicarian see
*Salvador Miranda: Consistories for the creation of cardinals XII Century (1099-1198) and Papal elections of the XII Century (1100-1198)
==References==
Category:Benedictines
Category:French cardinals
Category:Cardinal-bishops of Frascati
Category:Deans of the College of Cardinals
Category:1161 deaths
de:Imar von Tusculum
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