KiHa 10 series

The KiHa 10 series is a Japanese diesel multiple unit operated by the Japanese National Railways from October 1953 to May 1984. It was built for local traffic in rural areas and spawned a few different but functionally identical variants.
==History==
"KiHa 10 series" is an umbrella term for a set of diesel locomotives manufactured based on results obtained from a number of prototype diesel multiple units intended for rural usage and meant to run in single car formations.
The cars were manufactured in a number of different batches; in total, the initial series would comprise of the KiHa 45000, KiHa 45500, KiHa 48100, KiHa 48000, KiHa 48200, KiHa 46000, KiRoHa 47000, KiHa 44600 and KiHa 44700 series. The largest of the order was the KiHa 45000 series cars, with 402 produced, with the least being the KiHa 44600 series cars, with 2 produced. In total, 728 cars were produced from 1953 to 1957. When naming regulations were enacted in April 1957, the above cars were reclassified as the KiHa 17, KiHa 16, KiHa 10, KiHa 11, KiHa 12, KiHa 18, KiRoHa 18, KiHa 50 and KiHa 51 series respectively. Two additional variants, the KiHaYuNi 48000 and KiYuNi 48100, both intended to carry baggage and post, were planned but were never produced.
Operations of the class commenced in October 1953. The cars were used throughout Japan, including in Hokkaido's colder climates. With the introduction of the succeeding KiHa 20 series cars, many of them were rebuilt as baggage or postal cars. Withdrawals began in 1973, with all cars withdrawn from service by 1984. Some cars were transferred to private railways for use.
==Specifications==
Construction is of steel. The cars use DMH17B prime movers. 
==Preservation==
The following KiHa 10 series cars have been preserved:
Image	Car number	Manufacturer 	Date manufactured	Date retired 	Previous number(s)	Location 	Notes
 	KiHa 10 45	Teikoku Sharyō 	October 1956 	March 1980 	KiHa 48144 	Shichinohe Station, Shichinohe, Japan 	Preserved in operational condition, maintained by Nanbu Jūkan Co. Ltd.
 	KiHa 11 25	Tokyu Car Corporation	August 1956 	April 1980 	KiHa 48035 	The Railway Museum, Saitama, Japan 	Displayed under shelter behind DD13 1
 	KiHa 11 26	Tokyu Car Corporation	August 1956 	April 1980 	KiHa 48036 	SCMaglev and Railway Park, Nagoya, Japan	Displayed indoors, restored to appearance as KiHa 48036
 	KiHa 10 18	Teikoku Sharyō 	February 1956 	November 1979	KiHa 48117 	Kaya SL Square, Yosano, Japan 	Preserved outdoors; park closed March 2020
 	KiHa 10 11	Niigata Tekkō 	December 1955 	July 1978 	KiHa 48110 	Sawara Fishing Center, Chiba, Japan 	Displayed outdoors
==References==
Category:JR Group trains
Category:Passenger locomotives
Category:Fuji Heavy Industries locomotives
Category:Hitachi locomotives
Category:Īno Jūkōgyō locomotives
Category:Kawasaki locomotives
Category:Kinki Sharyo locomotives
Category:Niigata Tekkō locomotives
Category:Nippon Sharyo locomotives
Category:Teikoku Sharyō locomotives
Category:Tokyu Car locomotives
Category:Yusoki Kōgyō locomotives