JNR Class EF60

The JNR Class EF60 is a Japanese DC electric locomotive operated by the Japanese National Railways and its successor companies from 1960 to June 2019.
==History==
The EF60 and EF61 were designed as the JNR's first new DC electric locomotives. Introduced in 1960, a total of 143 locomotives were built. Despite its inferior output in comparison to the EH10 locomotives, the EF60 was noted for its high power output for its lightweight frame.
The 143 locomotives produced were split into the -0 and -500 subseries. When they entered service, the EF60-0 locomotives were used for fast freight service and the EF60-500 locomotives for passenger services, particularly between Tokyo and Kyushu; this was short-lived however, with the introduction of the EF65-500 locomotives they were relegated to fast freight trains. EF60 1 through 14 were intended to be converted into EF61-200 banking locomotives in 1977, although due to problems being discovered with the locomotives conversion was canceled after eight cars had been converted. Another three locomotives were converted in 1981 to become EF67-0 locomotives.
The vast majority of the locomotives were withdrawn from service in the 1980s, and by November 1986 only two locomotives, EF60 19 and EF60 503 remained on JNR's roster. When the JNR was privatized and split into seven different companies in 1987, EF60 19 and EF60 503 came under ownership of JR West, where they were intended to be preserved in operational condition. EF60 503 would not be operated in any sort of commercial service under JR West's ownership and was scrapped on 3 November 2008. EF60 19 would be used for numerous charter trains and other similar services; its last operation was on 2 June 2019 as a towing locomotive to tow EF64 1053 which was malfunctioning. EF60 19 was scrapped the next day.
Two locomotives, EF60 123 and EF60 501, have been preserved. Four additional cab portions of various EF60 locomotives have also been preserved.
==Design==
The EF60s featured large box-shaped bodies with large headlights mounted on the roof in a number of different configurations.
==Specifications==
EF60 1 through EF60 14 used a Quill drive system; due to maintenance problems involving the Quill drive, all other locomotives built used a nose suspension drive system. This however came at the cost of keeping the rated rotation speed of the traction motors low. MT49 traction motors were used on the locomotives.
==Preservation==
The following Class EF60 locomotives have been preserved:
Number 	Manufacturer 	Equipment manufacturer	Date manufactured	Date retired 	Location 	Notes
EF60 123	Kawasaki Heavy Industries	Kawasaki Denki 	12 October 1964 	2 March 1987 	Ashikaga Station, Tochigi, Japan 	Displayed outdoors within fence
EF60 501	Kisha Seizō 	Tōyō Denki 	4 October 1963 	18 January 1986	Usui Pass Railway Heritage Park, Gunma, Japan 	Displayed outdoors
EF60 47 	Kisha Seizō 	Tōyō Denki 	20 August 1963 	27 June 1985 	Ōmiya General Rolling Stock Center, Saitama, Japan	Cab only, painted brown; viewing possible on depot open days
EF60 86 	Kisha Seizō 	Tōyō Denki 	10 June 1964 	2 March 1987 	Gunma, Japan 	Cab only; privately owned, exact location unknown
EF60 116	Toshiba 	Toshiba 	7 October 1964 	2 March 1987 	Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan 	Cab only; privately owned
EF60 128	Kawasaki Heavy Industries	Kawasaki Denki 	20 October 1964 	2 March 1987 	Futtsu, Chiba, Japan 	Cab only; privately owned, stored on company grounds
The following Class EF60 locomotives were preserved in the past but have since been scrapped:
Number 	Manufacturer 	Equipment manufacturer	Date manufactured	Date retired 	Last location 	Notes
EF60 15 	Kisha Seizō 	Tōyō Denki 	9 June 1962 	2 March 1987 	Takasaki Rolling Stock Depot, Gunma, Japan 	Scrapped 2000 due to deterioration
EF60 16 	Kisha Seizō 	Tōyō Denki 	20 June 1962 	2 March 1987 	Kuragano Station, Gunma, Japan 	Scrapped 2006
EF60 510	Kawasaki Heavy Industries	Kawasaki Denki 	27 November 1963 	3 February 1986	Ōmiya General Rolling Stock Center, Saitama, Japan	Displayed outdoors; scrapped December 2016
==Gallery==
File:JNR EF60 501 2023.jpg
File:EF60 510 of JNR in Omiya.jpg
Category:JR Group trains
Category:Electric locomotives
Category:B-B-B locomotives
Category:Narrow-gauge
Category:Narrow-gauge locomotives
Category:Kisha Seizō locomotives
Category:Mitsubishi locomotives
Category:Toshiba locomotives
Category:Japanese locomotives