12th century

The 12th century consists of the years 1101-1200 AD.
==Events==
*1123. First Lateran Council, establishes the relative rights of the Catholic Church and those of the Holy Roman Emperors regarding the investature of bishops.
*1149. Second Lateran Council. Affirms First Latern Council; declares Clerical marriages to be invalid; regulates clerical dress regulated. Attacks on clerics are to be punished by excommunication.
*1147-1149. Pope Eugene III launches the Second Crusade
*1179. Third Lateran Council. Limits papal electees to the cardinals alone, condens simony, and forbids the promotion of anyone to the episcopate before the age of thirty.
*1189-1192. Pope Gregory VIII calls the Third Crusade to reconquer the Holy Land from the Muslim leader Saladin.
==Births and deaths==
* July 13, 1105. Death of Jewish Rabbi Rashi
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Category:Centuries