Enantiomers

In chemistry, an enantiomer is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superposable (not identical), much as one's left and right hands are the same except for opposite orientation.
Organic compounds that contain a chiral carbon usually have two non-superposable structures. These two structures are mirror images of each other and are, thus, commonly called enantiomorphs (enantio = opposite ; morph = form), hence this structural property is now commonly referred to as enantiomerism.
== Tossup Questions ==
# In the Horeau effect, the difference in concentration of two of these is non-linearly related to the rotation. Auxiliaries are used to selectively create one of these over another, and spontaneous resolution and resolution by entrainment are methods of separating them. These entities' namesake excess is the concentration of one of these relative to the other one. Labeling them involves finding the priorities of each constituent of a non-superimposable atom by the CIP-rules. They rotate polarized light, diasteriomers are a less specific designation, and flipping between them involves flipping the designation of each chiral center in a molecule. Racemic mixtures contain two of, for 10 points, these molecules which are mirror images of each other.
== Bonus Question Part ==
# Nearly all amino acids exist as these pairs of non-superimposable mirror images that are designated using the letters R and S.