Ottomans

The Ottomans are a political entity of Season 1 of Brazilian Mapping's Alternate History of Europe series.
== Before the Series ==
The word "Ottoman" comes from Osman, who was the first ruler of the Ottoman Beylik from 1299 until his death in 1323/4 (date unknown). A beylik is similar to a principality, where the ruler is called a "bey".
Osman's reign began when he became the leader of a group of Turkish tribes, based around the town of Söğüt, a few miles north of Eskisehir.
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== The Crusade of Varna ==
The Ottomans first appear during Episode I ("Failure"), officially as the Exalted Ottoman State, as the Polish army defeats them at Varna. With further intervention from the Holy Roman Empire, a Bulgarian rebellion in the Balkans, the Eastern Roman Empire, and the Mamluk Sultanate, the state collapses, and its territory is divided among their conquerors as per the Treaty of Constantinople.
== The Second Ottoman Sultanate ==
As the Sultanate of Rum collapses under the pressure of Mamluk armies during the Great Mediterranean War (Episode X: "Mare Nostrum"), the Ottomans break free and re-establish their power base in Eskisehir. They quickly capture their old capital of Bursa and declare the formation of a Second Ottoman Sultanate when Rum surrenders. However, as Venetian troops retreat from Constantinople (Konstantiniyye), they enter Ottoman territory, provoking a Mamluk invasion of the Ottomans soon afterwards. The land is divided between the Mamluk Caliphate and their Karamanid vassal.
== The Anatolian Empire ==
As League of Varna armies enter Anatolia to drive out the Mamluks, the Ottomans briefly reappear as a rebellion against the Mamluks. They then unite with Byzantium and Rum to form the Anatolian Empire. Initially they are not granted autonomy, but in 1556, before the Day of Ruination, the House of Osman receives autonomy in Eskisehir.
== List of Key Dates ==
=== Episode I ===
* [1444-1447] Crusade of Varna: The Exalted Ottoman State is fighting the Holy Roman Empire, Poland, Lithuania, Hungary, Teutonic Order, Moldavia and Wallachia.
** [1444] [10/11] Battle of Varna: Polish victory.
** [1444] Bulgarian rebels declare war on the Ottomans.
** [1445] Several Roman rebels declare war on the Ottomans.
** [1446] The Mamluks declare war on the Ottomans.
** [1446] Karaman declares war on the Ottomans.
** [1446] The Ottomans collapse.
** [1447] [01/01] The Ottomans are carved apart during the Treaty of Constantinople.
=== Episode X ===
* [1511] The Great Mediterranean War: The House of Osman declares independence from Rum.
** [1511] [04/03] The Ottomans rise up in Eskisehir.
** [1511] [11/03] The Ottomans capture Bursa.
** [1511] [13/03] The Ottomans capture Nicaea.
** [1511] [01/04] Rum collapses; Second Ottoman Sultanate declared in Bursa.
** [1511] [03/04] The Ottomans take over Izmir and Aydin.
** [1511] [07/04] The Ottomans capture Biga.
** [1511] [10/04] The Ottomans leave the war.
* [1512] The Great Mediterranean War is continued: Venice "invades" the Ottomans to escape the Mamluks.
** [1512] [02/12] The Mamluk Caliphate invades the Ottomans.
** [1512] [03/12] The Mamluk Caliphate captures Dardanelles.
** [1512] [04/12] The Mamluk Caliphate captures Nicaea.
** [1512] [05/12] The Mamluk Caliphate captures Aydin.
** [1513] [08/01] The Mamluks defeat Venice at Bursa; Venetian troops retreat through the sea.
** [1513] [13/01] The Ottomans collapse; their land is split between the Beylik of Karaman and the Mamluk Caliphate.
* [1516] The Great Mediterranean War is continued: The House of Osman declares independence from Karaman.
** [1516] [23/02] The House of Osman rises up in Eskisehir once more.
** [1516] [20/03] The Ottomans are annexed by Rum, who unites with Byzantium to form the Anatolian Empire.
=== Episode XVII ===
* [1556] [31/01] In the Anatolian Empire, the autonomous city-state of Eskisehir is formed, under Ottoman control.
Category:Varna Countries