Facts Concerning the Late Arthur Jermyn and His Family

"Facts Concerning the Late Arthur Jermyn and His Family", also known as just "Arthur Jermyn" or "The White Ape", is a short story in the horror fiction genre written by H. P. Lovecraft in 1920, and first published in the amateur press journal The Wolverine in 1921. The themes of the story are tainted ancestry, knowledge that it would be best to remain unaware of, and a reality which human understanding finds intolerable.
==Inspiration==
Both of Lovecraft's parents died in a mental hospital, and some writers have seen a concern with having inherited a propensity for physical and mental degeneration reflected in the plot of his stories, especially his 1931 novella, The Shadow Over Innsmouth, which shares some themes with "Facts Concerning the Late Arthur Jermyn and His Family".Ronan (née Sylvester), Margaret, Forward to The Shadow Over Innsmouth and Other Stories of Horror, Scholastic Book Services, 1971 As in many of his stories, the mind of a narrator deteriorates as his investigations uncover an intolerable reality, a central tenet of Cosmicism which Lovecraft outlines in the opening sentence of "The Call of Cthulhu": "The most merciful thing in the world, I think, is the inability of the human mind to correlate all its contents."H. P. Lovecraft, "The Call of Cthulhu" (1928). In a letter, Lovecraft described the impetus behind "Facts Concerning the Late Arthur Jermyn and His Family":
While Lovecraft claimed that he intended to describe the most horrible family shadow, E. F. Bleiler declares that "actually, the story is a metaphor for his extreme bigotry and social snobbery; the motifs of expiating ancestral evil ands committing suicide on discovering 'racial pollution' occur in other of his works." E. F. Bleiler, "H. P. Lovecraft" in Supernatural Fiction Writers, Vol 2, NY: Scribners, 1985, p. 482.
===Publishing history and possible influences===
The story was first published in the journal The Wolverine in March and June of 1921. To Lovecraft's distaste, the story was retitled "The White Ape" when it appeared in Weird Tales in 1924; he commented: "If I ever entitled a story 'The White Ape', there would be no ape in it". (: Selected Letters 1.160) Subsequent reprintings titled it "Arthur Jermyn" until the corrected publishing in Dagon and Other Macabre Tales in 1986. (: An H. P. Lovecraft Encyclopedia)
Critic William Fulwiler suggests that the plot of "Arthur Jermyn" may have been inspired by Edgar Rice Burroughs' novels The Return of Tarzan (1913) and Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar (1916), in which the lost city of Opar is "peopled by a hybrid race resulting from the matings of men with apes."William Fulwiler, "E.R.B. and H.P.L.", Black Forbidden Things, Robert M. Price, ed., pp. 64–65. E. F. Bleiler, too, has commented that it "undoubtedly owes much to Edgar Rice Burrough's Opar in his Tarzan series".E. F. Bleiler, "H. P. Lovecraft" in Supernatural Fiction Writers, Vol 2, NY: Scribners, 1985, p. 482.
==Synopsis==
The story begins by describing the ancestors of Sir Arthur Jermyn, a British nobleman. His great-great-great-grandfather, Sir Wade Jermyn, had been an early explorer of the Congo region, whose books on a mysterious white civilization there had been ridiculed. He had been confined to an asylum in 1765. Lovecraft describes how the Jermyn family has a peculiar physical appearance that began to appear in the children of Wade Jermyn and his mysterious and reclusive wife, who Wade claimed was Portuguese.
Wade's son, Philip Jermyn, was a sailor who joined the navy after fathering a son, and disappeared from his ship one night as it lay off the Congo coast. Philip's son, Robert Jermyn, was a scientist who made two expeditions into the interior of Africa. He married a daughter of the (fictional) 7th Viscount Brightholme and fathered three children, two of whom were unseen due to being born with deformities. The only healthy child, Nevil Jermyn, had a son, Alfred, who was Arthur Jermyn's father. In 1852, Robert Jermyn met with an explorer, Samuel Seaton, who described "a grey city of white apes ruled by a white god," which appeared to give credence to Sir Wade's derided claims. After having heard an account of the city and its lore privately from Seaton, Robert inexplicably killed the explorer, as well as all three of his children, before dying in "confinement"; the motive behind the murders died with him. Nevil Jermyn managed to save his son Alfred before his death.
Alfred Jermyn grew up to inherit his grandfather's title, but abandoned his wife and child to join a circus, where he became fascinated with a gorilla "of lighter colour than the average". He became its trainer, but was killed in Chicago after an incident in which he attacked the gorilla. Arthur Jermyn, Alfred's only child, inherited the family possessions and moved into Jermyn House with his mother.
Arthur Jermyn is described as having a very unusual appearance, and supposedly the strangest in the line descended from Sir Wade Jermyn. Arthur became a scholar, eventually visiting the Belgian Congo on a research expedition, where he heard tales of a stone city of white apes and the stuffed body of a white ape "goddess," which had since gone missing. Returning to a trading post, Arthur talks to a Belgian agent who offers to obtain and ship the goddess' body to him. Arthur accepts his offer and returns to England. After a period of several months, the body arrives at Jermyn House. Arthur begins his examination of the mummy, only to run screaming from the room and later commit suicide by dousing himself in oil and setting himself alight.
Lovecraft then describes the contents of the stuffed goddess' coffin—the ape goddess has a golden locket around her neck with the Jermyn arms on it, and bears a striking resemblance to Arthur Jermyn. It is clear that Wade Jermyn's supposedly Portuguese wife was really the ape goddess, and all of his descendants were the product of their union. Arthur's remains are neither collected or buried, on account of this. The mummy is removed and burnt by the Royal Anthropological Institute.
==Jermyn family==
 1. Sir Wade Jermyn (?–1767), African explorer
 x White Ape Princess (?–?)
 1. Sir Philip Jermyn (?–?), sailor
 x ? (?–?), Gypsy
 1. Sir Robert Jermyn, Bt. (?–1854), anthropologist and scholar
 x Lady Brightholme (?–?)
 1. ? Jermyn (~1815 – 19 October 1852), deformed
 2. Nevil Jermyn (~1816 – 19 October 1852)
 x ? (? – c. 1850), dancer
 1. Sir Alfred Jermyn, Bt. (1850 – ?), Circus animal trainer
 x ? (?–1911), music-hall singer
 1. Sir Arthur Jermyn (~1870 – 3 August 1913), poet
 3. ? Jermyn (~1817 – 19 October 1852), deformed
==Footnotes==
==References==
* S. T. Joshi ed. (1999) [1920]. In S. T. Joshi (ed.), The Call of Cthulhu and Other Weird Stories (1st printing ed.). Penguin Books, p. 363. Explanatory Notes by S. T. Joshi.
==External links==
*Winesburg, Ohio, Sherwood Anderson; complete text at Bartleby.com
*The Return of Tarzan, Edgar Rice Burroughs; complete text at Project Gutenberg
*Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar, Edgar Rice Burroughs; complete text at Project Gutenberg
Category:Lovecraft Circle Works
Category:H. P. Lovecraft works