JNR Class ED12

The JNR Class ED12 is a Japanese DC electric locomotive operated by the Japanese National Railways and later the Seibu Railway from 1923 to 1987.
==History==
The ED12 is an early electric locomotive used on Japan's rail network. The locomotives were intended for use on the Tōkaidō Main Line in anticipation of its electrification.
Two locomotives were built in 1923; the locomotives's mechanical equipment was built by Schweizerische Wagonsfabrik Schileren while their electrical equipment was built by Brown Boveri. They were originally classified as the Class 1020 and numbered 1020 and 1021, but were reclassified to Class ED12 when a rule regarding the standardization of locomotive names was enacted in 1928. Used on the Tōkaidō Main Line for their entire service lives without issues, the locomotives were transferred to the Seibu Railway in 1949.
When the locomotives were transferred they were initially named the Class 51, before being renamed the Class E51 and numbered E51 and E52; some modifications were made to the locomotives. The locomotives were originally used on the Shinjuku Line before being moved to the Ikebukuro Line; they were used to pull freight trains on both lines. E51 was withdrawn in 1976 due to axle damage while E52 was withdrawn in 1987 with the introduction of the Class E31 locomotives as well as due to aging.
E52 (ex-ED12 2), located at Seibu's Yokose Depot, is the only preserved ED12. E51 (ex-ED12 1) was stored at Kotesashi Depot for a number of years before it was scrapped.
==Design==
The ED12s featured large box-shaped bodies with large top-mounted headlights.
==Specifications==
The ED12s used a nose suspension drive system. MT11 traction motors were used on the locomotives.
==Preservation==
The following Class ED12 locomotives have been preserved:
Number	Manufacturer 	Equipment manufacturer	Date manufactured	Date retired 	Location 	Notes
ED12 2	Schweizerische Wagonsfabrik Schlieren	Brown Boveri et Cie 	1923 	March 1949 (JGR)27 September 1987 (Seibu)	Yokose Depot, Saitama, Japan	Displayed as Seibu Railway E52; viewing possible on depot open days
The following Class ED12 locomotives were preserved in the past but have since been scrapped:
Number	Manufacturer 	Equipment manufacturer	Date manufactured	Date retired 	Last location 	Notes
ED12 1	Schweizerische Wagonsfabrik Schlieren	Brown Boveri et Cie 	1923 	1949 (JGR)1976 (Seibu)	Kotesashi Depot, Saitama, Japan	Ex-ED12 1; withdrawn due to axle damage, scrapped at a later date
Category:JR Group trains
Category:Seibu trains
Category:Electric locomotives
Category:B-B locomotives
Category:Narrow-gauge
Category:Narrow-gauge locomotives
Category:Brown Boveri locomotives
Category:Schlieren locomotives
Category:Japanese locomotives
Category:Sole survivor
Category:Built in 1923