Numbers in music and sound

This is a list for numbers that have to do with sound or music.
==Compositions==
Number 	Significance
0 	Number of notes in John Cage’s 4’33’’https://www.npr.org/2000/05/08/1073885/4-33http://rosewhitemusic.com/piano/writings/silence-taught-john-cage/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JTEFKFiXSx4
4 	Notes in the opening theme of Ludwig van Beethoven’s 5th Symphonyhttps://www.classiccat.net/beethoven_l_van/67.info.phphttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fOk8Tm815lE
9 	Symphonies composed by Ludwig van Beethovenhttps://www.classicfm.com/composers/beethoven/guides/beethovens-symphonies-where-start/
12 	Movements in Antonio Vivaldi’s Four Seasonshttps://courses.lumenlearning.com/musicapp_historical/chapter/1-7-1-vivaldi-four-seasons/https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Four-Seasons-by-Vivaldihttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GRxofEmo3HA
24 	Caprices written by Niccolò Paganinihttp://www.classicalnotes.net/classics/paganini.htmlhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8j1x3pTOyo
68 	Number of works Amadeus Wolfgang Mozart wrote that can be considered symphonieshttp://www.wolfgang-amadeus.at/en/musical_works_of_Mozart.php
100+ 	Symphonies composed by Franz Joseph Haydnhttps://www.classicfm.com/composers/haydn/https://www.classicfm.com/composers/haydn/guides/definitive-ranking-haydn-symphonies/
500+ 	Verses in Chris Butler’s song The Devil Glitchhttps://genius.com/Chris-butler-the-devil-glitch-lyricshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=10SnNfxjAI8
639 	Length in years of ORGAN2/ASLAP by John Cage as is being performed in Halberstadthttps://universes.art/en/specials/john-cage-organ-project-halberstadt/
810 	Number of semiquaver notes in Flight of the Bumblebeehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_tQk25pR60https://books.google.com/books?id=Q7TUDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT158&lpg=PT158&dq=810+semiquaver+notes&source=bl&ots=Xl3CW-pYLF&sig=VAtgBpUbquhgwo9Q3cpvGTP73Kk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwimmPK4w5HfAhVuT98KHZLFDQoQ6AEwEXoECAAQAQ#v=onepage&q=810%20semiquaver%20notes&f=false
840 	Number of times theme in Erik Satie’s Vexations is repeatedhttps://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/a-dangerous-and-evil-piano-piecehttps://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/29/arts/music/erik-satie-vexations-guggenheim-museum.htmlhttp://www.medienkunstnetz.de/works/vexations/https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2017/10/12/the-duration-of-vexations/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/jun/25/erik-satie-vexations-furniture-musichttps://www.jstor.org/stable/855366?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contentshttps://imslp.org/wiki/Vexations_(Satie,_Erik)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gImDzmNuEDA
48,212 	Length of P C III’s The Rise and Fall of Bossanova in secondshttp://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/longest-officially-released-songhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gCb0q8NL5tQhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2EsJiQHsht0
2,927,162	Notes in Sir Spork’s black MIDI cover of Edvard Grieg’s In the Hall of the Mountain Kinghttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YXRPchyPXfI
==Ensembles and multiple instruments==
Number of instruments	Significance
1 	Number of people for a performance to be a solohttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/solo
2 	Minimum number of people required to play a duethttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/duet
4 	Number of instruments/performers in a string quartethttps://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/string-quartet
5 	Number of instruments/performers in a string quintethttps://musicterms.artopium.com/s/Stringquintet.htm
106 	Musicians in the New York Philharmonichttp://www.nyphilkids.org/newsstand/faq/#Question2
512 	Number of surviving Stradovarius violinshttp://www.5election.com/2010/01/24/stadivaldi-how-many-instruments-still-exist/https://www.quora.com/How-many-original-Stradivarius-violins-are-in-circulation-currently
8,688 	Participants in largest gospel choir on October 12, 2015https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wVpzh5PJjEo
21,262 	Participants in largest gospel choir on May 22, 2016http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/largest-gospel-choir
121,440 	Participants in the largest recorded choirhttp://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/largest-choir
==Frequencies==
Frequency, in cycles per second (Hertz, Hz) 	Significance
~1.6175 fHz or ~1.6175 x 10-15 Hz 	~Bb-54, lowest discovered soundwave in the universehttps://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2003/09sep_blackholesounds/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/strange-but-true-black-holes-sing/
~2.95 mHz or ~0.0295 Hz 	Eb-10, the note whose partial overtone series inspired the tuning for in Le Monte Young’s The Well-Tuned Pianohttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tMSXdCWbRHwhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x07JxSmov1c
0.189 Hz 	~G-7, a note Tim Storms is said to have hithttp://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/lowest-vocal-note-by-a-male (albeit under a very questionable criteriahttp://therangeplace.boards.net/thread/1642/tim-storms)
1 - 20 Hz 	Range of elephant rumbleshttps://www.sciencemag.org/news/2012/08/elephants-silent-callhttps://medienportal.univie.ac.at/presse/aktuelle-pressemeldungen/detailansicht/artikel/mystery-of-elephant-infrasounds-revealed/http://www.birds.cornell.edu/brp/elephant/cyclotis/language/infrasound.htmlhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQfDazQ9Rkg
8.17 Hz 	C-1, the pitch of the 64’ stop in the The Boardwalk Hall Auditorium Organhttp://www.nazard.co.uk/organ.htmlhttps://www.die-orgelseite.de/kurioses_e.htm#registerhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gNy8eR9BDRk
16.35 Hz 	C0, the lowest note on both an Imperial Bösendorferhttps://www.boesendorfer.com/en/pianos/pianos/Concert-Grand-290-Imperialhttp://pages.mtu.edu/~suits/notefreqs.html and a hyperbass flutehttps://prezi.com/pfiiii4nmf0r/hyperbass-flute/http://exclusivelyflutes.com.au/tag/the-flute-family-there-are-12-members-of-the-flute-family/
17.32 Hz 	C#0/Db0, the lowest open string on a contrabass guitarhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yrwRXQ3xSbw
18-19 Hz 	~D0, resonant frequency of the human eyeballhttps://nerdist.com/spooky-science-the-ghost-frequency/https://www.higgypop.com/news/the-ghost-frequency/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PStrR6Xpldo
~20 Hz 	Lower threshold of human hearinghttps://www.strangerdimensions.com/2013/06/21/infrasound-the-fear-frequency/
23 Hz 	F#0/Gb0, lowest calls from the Dwarf Cassowarieshttps://www.allaboutbirds.org/do-bird-songs-have-frequencies-higher-than-humans-can-hear/https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Casuarius_bennetti/https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/cassowary
24.5 Hz 	G0, J.D. Sumner's lowest recorded note at an Elvis concert in 1976http://therangeplace.boards.net/thread/74/sumnerhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VD8gL063qH8
27.5 Hz 	A0, the lowest note on most grand pianoshttps://music.stackexchange.com/questions/29675/why-is-the-lowest-note-on-the-piano-an-a
30.87 Hz 	B0, lowest open stringed note on a 5-stringed double basshttps://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/d/Double_bass.htm
32.7 Hz 	C1, lowest possible note on a cello using sub-harmonicshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yinejJL7tpA and Mikhail Zlatopolsky’s lowest note in Mikhail Zlatopolsky & The Don Kosaken Choir’s Prayer for the Deadhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nkL9Dp2rRw0
38.89 Hz 	D#1/Eb1, the lowest bass notes in DJ Snake and Lil Jon’s -- Turn Down for Whathttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QFy0hQ3lY-w
41.2 Hz 	E1, lowest open stringed note on a 4-stringed double basshttps://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/d/Double_bass.htmhttps://www.notreble.com/buzz/2010/10/18/common-upright-bass-tunings-part-1-of-2/
43.65 Hz 	F1, Barry White’s lowest note in Love Is The Iconhttp://therangeplace.boards.net/thread/1447/barry-whitehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SRlWH4Cyh3U
52 Hz 	~G#1/Ab1, the frequency of the vocalizations of a solitary whale that has been consistently heard through the years - nicknamed "the world's loneliest whale" http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150415-the-loneliest-whale-in-the-worldhttps://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/maybe-worlds-loneliest-whale-isnt-so-isolated-after-all-180955005/
55 Hz 	A1, the lowest note in Johnny Cash’s “Ain’t Gonna Hobo No More”http://therangeplace.boards.net/thread/2372/johnny-cashhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZLgBJZ9AVDs
58.27 Hz 	Bb1, the lowest note of the 5th movement of Rachmaninoff's All-Night Vigilhttps://www.classicfm.com/composers/rachmaninov/news/rachchallenge-bass/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oh4UTdyansM
65.41 Hz 	C2, lowest open stringed note on a cellohttps://socratic.org/questions/what-is-the-lowest-note-a-cello-can-play
82.41 Hz 	E2, lowest and first open string on a six-string guitarhttp://www.howtotuneaguitar.org/tuning/how-to-tune/
98 Hz 	G2, lowest possible note on a violin using sub-harmonicshttp://www.marikimura.com/subharmonics.htmlhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i5CSUHpK4QMhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PuMUlWMNb2g
130.81 Hz 	C3, lowest open stringed note on a violahttps://www.violaonline.com/tuning-viola.htm
196 Hz 	G3, lowest open stringed note on a violinhttps://www.violinonline.com/tuning.htmlhttps://www.wikihow.com/Tune-a-Violin
261.626 Hz 	C4http://www.sengpielaudio.com/calculator-notenames.htm, and the lowest note playable on a bass ocarinahttps://pureocarinas.com/about-the-ocarina/ocarina-keys-and-pitch-ranges
421 Hz - 578 Hz 	Range of mean frequency buzzes of female mosquitoshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3985972/
440 Hz 	A4 or A440 is a musical tuning standard by which musical instruments are often tunedhttps://www.wqxr.org/story/why-do-we-tune-a-note-pitch/https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/65667/why-is-a-440-hz-frequency-considered-the-standard-pitch-for-musical-instrument
531 Hz - 832 Hz 	Range of mean frequency buzzes of male mosquitohttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3985972/
659.25 Hz 	E5, the highest note in A-ha’s Take On Mehttps://www.reddit.com/r/singing/comments/6lzvu8/what_is_the_high_note_in_take_on_me/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djV11Xbc914 and highest open string on a 4-stringed violinhttp://www.theviolinsite.com/history.html
932.33 Hz 	A#5/Bb5, the pitch of the opening scream in Slayer’s Angel of Deathhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aXfzNWCEZBA and the highest note in Bohemian Rhapsodyhttps://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090306125026AAuLLwS&guccounter=1https://ask.metafilter.com/60286/High-notehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fJ9rUzIMcZQ
1,000 Hz or 1 kHz 	B5~C6, a frequency most commonly used to censor swears in televised showshttps://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/808b12/eli5_why_is_the_censor_bleep_tone_so_consistent/
1,150 Hz 	~D6, a tone that has been mystifying residents of Forest Grove, Oregonhttps://abcnews.go.com/Lifestyle/mysterious-shrieking-sound-frustrates-oregon-community/story?id=36998846https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/feb/23/mysterious-high-pitched-tone-keeps-oregon-residents-up-at-nighthttps://www.oregonlive.com/geek/2016/03/forest_groves_creepy_noise_aut.htmlhttp://www.szynalski.com/tone-generator/
4,186 Hz 	C8, the highest note on a grand pianohttps://www.audiology.org/sites/default/files/ChasinConversionChart.pdf
5,423 Hz 	E8, currently the highest note sung by a malehttps://nextshark.com/chinese-man-breaks-guinness-world-record-highest-vocal-note-male/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5FeAfKRc8rE
7,040 Hz 	A8, currently the highest recorded whistle by a humanhttps://www.instagram.com/p/BqxY54TB6Hq/dmcb37@gmail.com
8,000 - 10,000 Hz 	Song range of the Blackpoll Warblerhttps://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Blackpoll_Warbler/overviewhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hP_EkmiJCM
8,371 Hz 	C9, highest note on many pipe organshttps://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/5-organs-lowest-note-large-pipe-organs-c0-frequency-1635-hz-highest-note-c9-frequency-8371-q23758749https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-highest-demanded-note-in-music
15,734 Hz 	Frequency of the flyback transformer in NTSC analog TV monitorshttps://everything2.com/title/15734+Hzhttps://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ifqfc/eli5_what_is_the_high_pitch_sound_that_happens/
~20,000 Hz or 20 kHz 	Upper threshold of human hearinghttps://hypertextbook.com/facts/2003/ChrisDAmbrose.shtml
2.5 MHz - 15 MHz or 2,500,000 Hz - 15,000,000 Hz 	Frequency of medical ultrasound transducershttps://radiopaedia.org/articles/ultrasound-frequencies
~ 1 THz - 10 THz or ~1,000,000,000,000 Hz - ~10,000,000,000,000 Hz	Trumpet notes in Tom Johnson’s Celestial Music for Imaginary Trumpetshttps://www.trumpetherald.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=641488&sid=15214843f852996e9d486b67d3f5e6dc
2.1037 x 1037 Hz 	Absolute upper bound for producable frequencies within the universehttps://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2g79ua/concerning_sound_what_is_the_highestlowest/ckhola1/
==Instrument components==
Number	Significance
2 	Keyboards in 2-manual harpsichordshttp://www.baroque-music.com/harpsichord.htmlhttp://earlymusicstudio.com/library/2-manual-harpsichord/
26 	Sets of strings in a typical Qanunhttp://www.georgedimitrisawa.com/the-qanun/
47 	Number of strings in a concert grand pedal harphttp://www.harpconnection.com/harpstore/harp-ConcertPedal.htmlhttps://www.harpspectrum.org/harpworks/composing_for_harp/composing_for_harp.shtmlhttps://www.harp.com/product/aurora-concert-grand/
78 	Total number of strings in an average Qanunhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/ahistoryoftheworld/objects/zCm0Rn9fQH2yA7rnTAxOaA
88 	Number of keys in grand concert pianohttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=naUAPsiyX1Y
97 	Number of keys in an Imperial Bösendorferhttps://www.vsl.co.at/en/Keyboards_Complete/Boesendorfer_Imperial
108 	Number of keys in a Stuart & Sons grand pianohttps://www.stuartandsons.com/108keys.html
164 	Keys in a Steinway & Sons 2-manuel pianohttps://www.jwentworth.com/special_projects/dual_manual_steinway/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXxyf6NHXmw
33,112	Pipes in the Atlantic City Boardwalk Hall organhttps://pipe-organ-recordings.com/atlantic-city-convention-hall-organ/http://www.oddmusic.com/gallery/om02700.htmlhttp://www.atlanticcitynj.com/atlantic-city-stories/details.aspx?story=See-the-Largest-Pipe-Organ-in-the-World-at-Boardwalk-Hall
==Polyrhythms==
Polyrhythm	Occurrence
1:4 	Charles Valentin Alkan’s “Le Chemin de Fer”https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6_TvrwcX5tkhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sV_6Y9srjcU
2:3 	Claude Debussy’s Arabesque No.1https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yh36PaE-Pf0 and opening of Philip Glass’ Glassworkshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2vRbNehGB0
3:4 	Fake Empire by The Nationalhttps://www.stereogum.com/1688121/the-nationals-bryce-dessner-explains-the-four-over-three-polyrhythm-of-fake-empire/mp3s/http://www.rebelmusicteacher.com/blog/2016/10/17/cross-rhythm-in-the-nationals-fake-empirehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prW-qgEQxBI
==Volume==
Volume, in decibels (dB) 	What
Microsoft’s anechoic chamber in Redmond, Washingtonhttp://www.bbc.com/future/story/20170526-inside-the-quietest-place-on-earth	
0 dB 	Lower limit of hearing for humanshttps://makingnoiseandhearingthings.com/2012/06/25/what-is-the-loudest-softest-highest-lowest-sound-humans-can-hear/https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-lowest-decibel-level-a-human-being-has-ever-heard
120 dB - 140 dB 	Jet enginehttps://sciencing.com/decibel-level-jet-plane-5375252.htmlhttps://www.chem.purdue.edu/chemsafety/Training/PPETrain/dblevels.htm
172 dB 	Eruption of Krakatoa from 100 miles awayhttp://nautil.us/blog/the-sound-so-loud-that-it-circled-the-earth-four-timeshttps://kottke.org/14/10/the-worlds-loudest-sound
220 dB 	Saturn V rocketship taking offhttps://www.reddit.com/r/space/comments/2h9y9g/the_first_launch_from_cape_canaveral_1950/ckr6mev/http://www.makeitlouder.com/Decibel%20Level%20Chart.txt
1,470 dB 	SCP-498 if allowed to sound alarm for an hourhttp://www.scp-wiki.net/scp-498http://scpexplained.wikidot.com/scp-498
==Sources==
==See also==
*Numbers in engineering
*Numbers in linguistics
Category:Numbers