Bolsheviks

The Bolshevik's (Russian for Majority) were a group that formed after a split occurred in the Russian Social Democratic Workers Party. They Formed when at a congress or convention if you are American, a vote was called to decide how the party would run. Those who supported a democratic and open party who were later called Mensheviks (Russian for Minority, kind of seeing a pattern). The other lead by a rising figure in the party, Vladimir Illyich Ulyanov, alias Lenin.
They supported a secret party. They argued that if they were open they would get shut down quickly. During the vote some Members walked out to go to the bathroom. Lenin's Bolshevik's won the vote and worked underground. While the first world war went on, they were against the war and claimed Russia would lose. After the February Revolution, Lenin and many other exiled Russian Revolutionaries returned to Russia. They quickly began to work more openly, but opposed the provisional governments continuation of the war. In July, a small protest ended in blood caused the Bolsheviks to become an illegal party.
After an attempted military coup ended with the Bolshevik's gaining support among the military. And on November 7 the October Revolution occurred. Lenin through out the Provisional government and had an election. The Bolshevik's won 30% of the vote, but not the majority. After furious debates in the Duma, many of the opposition parties walked out. Thus giving the Bolsheviks complete Control over the Government. They latter formed the Communist party of the Soviet Union.