Enderronian federal election, 1970

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← 1966 	17 October 1970 	1974 →
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All 125 seats in the Enderronian Parliament63 seats needed for a majority 	All 125 seats in the Enderronian Parliament63 seats needed for a majority 	All 125 seats in the Enderronian Parliament63 seats needed for a majority
Turnout 	10,664,775 (91.59%) ( 42.49pp) 	10,664,775 (91.59%) ( 42.49pp)
 	 	
 	width="33%" 	width="33%"
Leader 	Calvin Rhinehart 	Alex Holthe
Party 	Social Democrats 	United
Leader since 	16 December 1967 	6 April 1967
Leader's seat 	Parkes (JZ) 	Fairfax (FL)
Last election 	55 seats, 41.03% 	70 seats, 45.27%
Seats won 	94 	30
Seat change 	39 	40
Popular vote 	5,920,017 	3,534,306
Percentage 	55.51% 	33.14%
Swing 	14.48pp 	12.13pp
TPP 	58.40% 	41.60%
TPP swing 	11.65pp 	11.65pp
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Winning party by electorate 	Winning party by electorate 	Winning party by electorate
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Popular vote by prefecture, with graphs indicating the number of seats won. As this is an IRV election, seat totals are not determined by popular vote by prefecture but instead via results by each electorate.	Popular vote by prefecture, with graphs indicating the number of seats won. As this is an IRV election, seat totals are not determined by popular vote by prefecture but instead via results by each electorate.	Popular vote by prefecture, with graphs indicating the number of seats won. As this is an IRV election, seat totals are not determined by popular vote by prefecture but instead via results by each electorate.
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Prime Minister before election 	Prime Minister before election 	Elected Prime Minister
Alex HoltheUnited 	Alex HoltheUnited 	Calvin RhinehartSocial Democrats
A federal election was held in Enderron on Saturday 17 October 1970 to elect the 125 members of the 7th Enderronian Parliament. It was the first election held following Enderron's transition to a republic.
The incumbent eighth-term United Party government, led by Prime Minister Alex Holthe and in office since 1943, was defeated by the opposition Social Democratic Party, led by Calvin Rhinehart, in a landslide, ending 27 years of consecutive United government and a 33 years of opposition for the Social Democrats. It was the first time the SDP had won a nationwide election since 1934, and the first time the United Party was consigned to opposition since its formation. The election produced the most lopsided parliament in Enderronian history, with the SDP winning more than three-quarters of the total seats.
In its landslide victory, the SDP won many seats considered United heartland, especially in outer suburban areas of the major cities. In some of these seats, the swings suffered by United were virtually unheard of in Enderronian politics, and some proved to be permanent swings away from the party, signifying the beginning of a new party system. The Social Democrats broke the United Party's longstanding grip on northern and southwestern Enderron, sweeping Longshan and Sierra, falling short of a sweep by one seat each in Kaigan and Miranda, and winning a majority of seats in Cooksland, New Surrey and Plymouth for the first time since independence. For the first (and currently only) time, the Social Democrats won a majority of seats in the traditionally conservative region of Western Enderron.
The Social Democrats recorded a majority of seats in every prefecture except Lawrencia and Flinders, and polled a majority of the two-party-preferred vote in every prefecture except the latter. The SDP's victory was significantly greater than any of the United Party's previous seven straight victories, and resulted in the largest majority government in Enderron to date. Conversely, the United Party was defeated for the first time since its founding in 1943, and suffered the worst election defeat for a governing party in Enderronian history. It lost significant ground in many of its erstwhile strongholds, and was almost completely shut out of Eastern Enderron, winning just three of the region's 28 seats.
The 1970 election was the first conducted under compulsory voting; as a result, turnout skyrocketed from 49.10 percent in 1966 to 91.59 percent. Turnout has remained above 90 percent at every federal election since.
==Results==
↓ 	↓	↓
94 	1	30
Social Democrats	I	United
 	 	 	 	 	 	
Party 	Party 	Votes 	% 	Swing 	Seats 	+/−
 	Social Democrats 	5,920,017 	55.51 	14.48 	94 	39
 	United 	3,534,306 	33.14 	12.13 	30 	40
 	New Democratic 	664,415 	6.23 	2.18 	0 	0
 	Conservative 	181,301 	1.70 	3.67 	0 	0
 	Other 	364,735 	3.42 	0.86 	1 	1
Two-party-preferred vote	Two-party-preferred vote	Two-party-preferred vote	Two-party-preferred vote	Two-party-preferred vote	Two-party-preferred vote	Two-party-preferred vote
 	Social Democrats 	6,228,229 	58.40 	11.65 	94 	39
 	United 	4,436,546 	41.60 	11.65 	30 	40
Total 	Total 	10,664,775 	100 	 	125 	
Independents: Frank Blackburn
===Results by prefecture===
Party 	Party 	Party 	JZ	PL	NS	CO	TJ	WS	FL	LS	KA	MA	LR	NC	SY	SA 	Total
rowspan="2"	Social Democrats	Seats: 	22	16	10	9 	9 	5 	3 	6 	3 	3 	1 	3 	2 	2 	94
Vote: 	Social Democrats	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	55.51	
rowspan="2"	United 	Seats: 	6 	4 	5 	3 	2 	3 	3 	0 	1 	1 	2 	0 	0 	0 	30
Vote: 	United 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	33.14	
rowspan="2"	Other 	Seats: 	0 	1 	0 	0 	0 	0 	0 	0 	0 	0 	0 	0 	0 	0 	1
Vote: 	Other 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	11.35	
Total seats	Total seats 	Total seats	28	21	15	12	11	8 	6 	6 	4 	4 	3 	3 	2 	2 	125
===Results by region===
Party 	Party 	Party 	Central	West	East	North	Total
rowspan="2"	Social Democrats	Seats: 	49 	17 	17 	11 	94
Vote: 	Social Democrats	 	 	 	 	55.51	
rowspan="2"	United 	Seats: 	17 	9 	3 	1 	30
Vote: 	United 	 	 	 	 	33.14	
rowspan="2"	Other 	Seats: 	1 	0 	0 	0 	1
Vote: 	Other 	 	 	 	 	11.35	
Total seats	Total seats 	Total seats	67 	26 	20 	12 	125
===Seats changing hands===
Seat 	Pre-1970	Pre-1970 	Pre-1970 	Pre-1970	Swing	Post-1970	Post-1970 	Post-1970 	Post-1970
Seat 	Party 	Party 	Member 	Margin 	Swing	Margin 	Member 	Party 	Party
Aston, PL 	 	United 	Vincent Speakman 	7.55 	10.29	2.74 	Frank Blackburn 	Independent 	
Avalon City, FL 	 	United 	James Moynihan 	7.44 	13.27	5.83 	Jasper Neal 	Social Democrats	
Bayswater, JZ 	 	United 	Spencer Fox 	11.61 	13.24	1.63 	Simone Volakis 	Social Democrats	
Braddon, NS 	 	United 	George Alexopoulos 	4.39 	10.53	6.14 	Nick Carey 	Social Democrats	
Cook, PL 	 	United 	Marcus Edwards 	4.78 	8.53 	3.75 	Carl Bailey 	Social Democrats	
Devereaux, PL 	 	United 	Charlie Punch 	5.50 	8.40 	2.90 	Larry Valencia 	Social Democrats	
East Shore, JZ 	 	United 	Anthony Babbage 	7.61 	9.66 	2.05 	Joan Swanson 	Social Democrats	
Epsom, NS 	 	United 	Geoff Fox 	8.52 	11.00	2.48 	Eddie Maddox 	Social Democrats	
Formosa, JZ 	 	United 	Chris Freeman 	13.37 	15.65	2.28 	Bill Bennett 	Social Democrats	
Forrest, MA 	 	United 	Daniel Davies 	8.88 	12.25	3.37 	Clancy Street 	Social Democrats	
Gardner, JZ 	 	United 	Tommy Gruen 	3.34 	19.01	15.67 	Harry O'Donnell 	Social Democrats	
Gibson, PL 	 	United 	notional – new seat	4.32 	8.60 	4.28 	John Morris 	Social Democrats	
Hannigan, JZ 	 	United 	Caldwell Pope 	4.38 	17.95	13.57 	Sam Donovan 	Social Democrats	
Hexham, PL 	 	United 	Max Chambers 	1.52 	12.41	10.89 	Tom Johnston 	Social Democrats	
Kingfisher, FL 	 	United 	Michael Kent 	15.10 	15.35	0.25 	John Beringer 	Social Democrats	
Kingston, PL 	 	United 	David Wallace 	3.93 	10.86	6.93 	Jeff Brown 	Social Democrats	
Lake Macquarie, KA 	 	United 	Jeremy Kenner 	10.06 	12.86	2.80 	Douglas Chang 	Social Democrats	
Latham, WS 	 	United 	Daniel Glen 	3.20 	10.30	7.10 	John Murphy-Day 	Social Democrats	
Leightonfield, NS 	 	United 	Aaron Lilley 	2.49 	28.66	26.17 	Michael Warner 	Social Democrats	
Longshan West, LS 	 	United 	Warren Fawcett 	4.23 	15.31	11.08 	Charlie Lin 	Social Democrats	
Lowe, JZ 	 	United 	Will Jansen 	2.00 	5.13 	3.13 	Hayden Burgess 	Social Democrats	
Lyndhurst, NS 	 	United 	Joseph McMullin 	1.86 	12.85	10.99 	Ruth Ziegler 	Social Democrats	
Lynn, PL 	 	New Democratic	Jeremy Wong 	2.54* 	10.01	7.47 	Lionel Wicks 	Social Democrats	
Nishihama, TJ 	 	United 	Daniel De Jong 	6.65 	8.76 	2.11 	Craig Taggart 	Social Democrats	
Normanhurst, CO 	 	United 	Terry Ziegler 	9.54 	13.52	3.98 	Len Trevarthen 	Social Democrats	
Oxley, CO 	 	United 	Peter Washington 	11.82 	15.83	4.01 	Harry Cortez 	Social Democrats	
O'Malley, MA 	 	United 	Adrian Miller 	4.36 	6.69 	2.33 	Pete Randall 	Social Democrats	
Plymouth Northern, PL	 	United 	Ron Corbett 	14.84 	16.22	1.38 	Oscar Reid 	Social Democrats	
Rockingham North, CO 	 	United 	Thomas Moss 	0.47 	12.69	12.22 	David Drew 	Social Democrats	
Sierra, SA 	 	United 	Keith Martin 	7.08 	12.77	5.69 	Owen McKinley 	Social Democrats	
Simpson, CO 	 	United 	Rowan Irons 	5.56 	8.82 	3.26 	Frank Hunter 	Social Democrats	
Spilner, WS 	 	United 	Margaret Dock 	5.16 	9.61 	4.45 	Alex Reynolds 	Social Democrats	
Stewart, PL 	 	United 	Don Lee 	7.40 	12.64	5.24 	George Coombes 	Social Democrats	
Summer Coast, WS 	 	United 	Timothy Snell 	0.29 	16.32	16.03 	Stu Weston 	Social Democrats	
Timmermans, NS 	 	United 	John Paul Simmons 	1.20 	7.25 	6.05 	Jonas Bloemen 	Social Democrats	
Tojima West, TJ 	 	United 	R. T. Jackson 	7.27 	9.44 	2.17 	Rudy Horne 	Social Democrats	
Van Buren, SA 	 	United 	Isaac Vermaat 	4.10 	8.42 	4.32 	Martin Wagner 	Social Democrats	
Warwick, FL 	 	United 	Frank Holden 	8.25 	12.88	4.63 	Ian Bowden 	Social Democrats	
Whetstone, JZ 	 	United 	Edwin Peterson 	6.34 	7.06 	0.72 	Joe Willems-Bosman	Social Democrats	
Wolseley, NS 	 	United 	Mike Behrens 	6.58 	9.83 	3.25 	Malcolm Brown 	Social Democrats	
*Lynn, PL, won by United at the previous election, was won by the New Democratic Party in a 1968 by-election. The margin listed above is the by-election margin.
==Background==
===Parties===
Name	Name 	Ideology 	Party leader 	Seats 	Seats
Name	Name 	Ideology 	Party leader 	1966 result	At dissolution
 	United Party 	Conservative liberalism	Alex Holthe 	/ 	/
 	Social Democratic Party	Social democracy 	Calvin Rhinehart	/ 	/
 	New Democratic Party 	Classical liberalism 	Susan Liew 	/ 	/
===Changes in parliamentary composition===
Seat 	Before 	Before	Before 	Change 	Change 	Change 	After 	After	After
Seat 	Member 	Party 	Party 	Type 	Reason 	Date 	Member 	Party	Party
Bayswater, JZ	Benjamin Thrailkill	 	United 	By-election	Death 	3 June 1967 	Spencer Fox 	 	United
Lynn, PL 	Nigel Robinson 	 	United 	By-election	Resignation	10 August 1968	Jeremy Wong 	 	New Democratic
Jackson, JZ 	Eugene Macdonald 	 	Social Democrats	By-election	Resignation	10 May 1969 	Hamish Lewis	 	Social Democrats
==Pendulum==
SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC SEATS (94)	SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC SEATS (94)	SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC SEATS (94)	SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC SEATS (94)
Marginal 	Marginal 	Marginal 	Marginal
Kingfisher (FL) 	John Beringer 	SDP 	0.25
Whetstone (JZ) 	Joe Willems-Bosman 	SDP 	0.72
Plymouth Northern (PL) 	Oscar Reid 	SDP 	1.38
Bayswater (JZ) 	Simone Volakis 	SDP 	1.63
Yamaguchi (TJ) 	Ken Tamura 	SDP 	1.76
East Shore (JZ) 	Joan Swanson 	SDP 	2.05
Nishihama (TJ) 	Craig Taggart 	SDP 	2.11
Tojima West (TJ) 	Rudy Horne 	SDP 	2.17
Formosa (JZ) 	Bill Bennett 	SDP 	2.28
O'Malley (MA) 	Pete Randall 	SDP 	2.33
Epsom (NS) 	Eddie Maddox 	SDP 	2.48
Barris (JZ) 	Frances Crawford 	SDP 	2.78
Lake Macquarie (KA) 	Douglas Chang 	SDP 	2.80
Devereaux (PL) 	Larry Valencia 	SDP 	2.90
Lowe (JZ) 	Hayden Burgess 	SDP 	3.13
Wolseley (NS) 	Malcolm Brown 	SDP 	3.25
Simpson (CO) 	Frank Hunter 	SDP 	3.26
Forrest (MA) 	Clancy Street 	SDP 	3.37
Johnson (PL) 	Jack Warren 	SDP 	3.66
Cook (PL) 	Carl Bailey 	SDP 	3.75
Normanhurst (CO) 	Len Trevarthen 	SDP 	3.98
Oxley (CO) 	Harry Cortez 	SDP 	4.01
Gibson (PL) 	John Morris 	SDP 	4.28
Van Buren (SA) 	Martin Wagner 	SDP 	4.32
Spilner (WS) 	Alex Reynolds 	SDP 	4.45
Warwick (FL) 	Ian Bowden 	SDP 	4.63
Wollstonecraft (LR) 	Darlene McDonald 	SDP 	4.77
Cunningham (SY) 	Earl Ousley 	SDP 	5.07
Stewart (PL) 	George Coombes 	SDP 	5.24
Sierra (SA) 	Owen McKinley 	SDP 	5.69
Avalon City (FL) 	Jasper Neal 	SDP 	5.83
Fairly safe 	Fairly safe 	Fairly safe 	Fairly safe
Timmermans (NS) 	Jonas Bloemen 	SDP 	6.05
Braddon (NS) 	Nick Carey 	SDP 	6.14
Jackson (JZ) 	Hamish Lewis 	SDP 	6.38
Duyfken (SY) 	Glen Ellis 	SDP 	6.56
Eltham (JZ) 	Dylan Collins 	SDP 	6.81
Kingston (PL) 	Jeff Brown 	SDP 	6.93
Latham (WS) 	John Murphy-Day 	SDP 	7.10
Devon (PL) 	Arthur Finlay 	SDP 	7.44
Lynn (PL) 	Lionel Wicks 	SDP 	7.47
Endeavour (CO) 	Carl Feighan 	SDP 	8.19
Forsythia Central (NS) 	Jack Bancroft 	SDP 	8.89
South Harvey (TJ) 	Peter Zhang 	SDP 	9.18
Tanshui (JZ) 	Sean Preston 	SDP 	9.31
Coburn (NS) 	Ben Wall 	SDP 	9.77
Safe 	Safe 	Safe 	Safe
Palmerston East (LS) 	Scott McKinnon 	SDP 	10.33
Hexham (PL) 	Tom Johnston 	SDP 	10.89
Lyndhurst (NS) 	Ruth Ziegler 	SDP 	10.99
Longshan West (LS) 	Charlie Lin 	SDP 	11.08
Nanshan (LS) 	Dwight Suzuki 	SDP 	11.30
St Claire (PL) 	Richard Hart 	SDP 	11.31
Lewisham (PL) 	Luke Hodges 	SDP 	12.02
Heathbridge (JZ) 	Danny George 	SDP 	12.22
Rockingham North (CO) 	David Drew 	SDP 	12.22
Wellington (JZ) 	Stephen Laing 	SDP 	12.27
Jingcheng (LS) 	Lillian Atkins 	SDP 	12.39
Rockingham Central (CO) 	Austin Shillingford 	SDP 	13.37
Newton (JZ) 	Louise Haase 	SDP 	13.49
Hannigan (JZ) 	Sam Donovan 	SDP 	13.57
Hamilton (WS) 	Reg Wardell 	SDP 	13.70
Edison (JZ) 	William Watt 	SDP 	13.97
Nanhai (PL) 	Joe Moriarty 	SDP 	14.11
Shirakawa Central (TJ) 	Jon Nakamura 	SDP 	14.24
Hayakita (TJ) 	Danielle Lawrie 	SDP 	14.49
Rockingham South (CO) 	Bert Ollongren 	SDP 	15.30
Gardner (JZ) 	Harry O'Donnell 	SDP 	15.67
Fairfield (NC) 	Benjamin Leitner 	SDP 	15.91
Summer Coast (WS) 	Stu Weston 	SDP 	16.03
Cheltenham (CO) 	Mike Saunders 	SDP 	16.35
Kingscliffe (JZ) 	James Thorpe 	SDP 	16.66
Durston (TJ) 	Curt Goodwin 	SDP 	16.80
Douglas (PL) 	Tim Arnett 	SDP 	17.37
Parkes (JZ) 	Calvin Rhinehart 	SDP 	17.94
Nottingham (MA) 	Hugh Dunford 	SDP 	18.11
Chung'an (LS) 	Andrew Rolland 	SDP 	18.24
Kensington (JZ) 	Scott Jackson 	SDP 	18.70
Wentworth (JZ) 	Jeremy Hagans 	SDP 	19.35
Very safe 	Very safe 	Very safe 	Very safe
Woodleigh (NS) 	John Sullivan 	SDP 	20.93
Taylor (PL) 	Brendan Mulligan 	SDP 	20.95
Port William (WS) 	Thomas Groff 	SDP 	21.07
Torrens (JZ) 	Toby Price 	SDP 	21.76
Mizuoka (KA) 	Aaron Crowe 	SDP 	22.29
Taralga (KA) 	Vic Cooper 	SDP 	22.39
Harvey (TJ) 	Cheryl White 	SDP 	22.43
Grey (NS) 	Ed Allison 	SDP 	22.67
Reedijk (CO) 	Taylor Colbeck 	SDP 	23.66
Palmerston West (LS) 	Ray Sutton 	SDP 	24.84
Leightonfield (NS) 	Michael Warner 	SDP 	26.17
Victoria (PL) 	Darnell Walker 	SDP 	27.70
Shirakawa South (TJ) 	Jim Halston 	SDP 	27.94
Dover (NC) 	Alex Dos Santos 	SDP 	29.61
Bexley (JZ) 	Margaret Lyons 	SDP 	29.95
Outer Harbour (JZ) 	Jens Larsson 	SDP 	32.26
Karburgh (NC) 	Billy Caines 	SDP 	34.68
UNITED SEATS (30) 	UNITED SEATS (30) 	UNITED SEATS (30)	UNITED SEATS (30)
Marginal 	Marginal 	Marginal 	Marginal
Hunter (LR) 	Frederick Bosman 	UP 	0.21
Cremorne (JZ) 	Tom Rankin 	UP 	0.34
Hacking (NS) 	Jack Deane 	UP 	0.45
Rock Valley (NS) 	Rupert Clarke 	UP 	0.51
Rosslea (JZ) 	Jim Cargill 	UP 	0.88
Linden (JZ) 	Roger Baker 	UP 	1.96
Brighton (JZ) 	Christopher Gallagher	UP 	1.97
Fairfax (FL) 	Alex Holthe 	UP 	2.00
Roscoe (WS) 	Lyndon Howison 	UP 	2.37
Mount Gilbert (MA) 	Paul O'Neill 	UP 	2.38
Wendell (PL) 	Charles Bland 	UP 	2.61
Kuiper (TJ) 	David Kawasaki 	UP 	2.85
Plymouth Southern (PL)	Brad Toole 	UP 	3.04
Mayfair (CO) 	Jan Peter De Vries 	UP 	3.31
Berkeley (PL) 	Paul Everman 	UP 	3.49
McLaughlin (LR) 	Matthew Spradlin 	UP 	3.56
Goulburn (KA) 	William Floyd 	UP 	4.19
Monash (NS) 	William Carroll 	UP 	4.33
Harrison (FL) 	Richard Irwin 	UP 	4.54
Merewether (NS) 	Ingrid Olson 	UP 	5.31
Dorterhoek (JZ) 	Keith Herbert 	UP 	5.36
Brooklyn (JZ) 	Robert Vandyne 	UP 	5.62
Fairly safe 	Fairly safe 	Fairly safe 	Fairly safe
Middle Range (WS) 	John Epstein 	UP 	6.09
Carlisle (FL) 	Jeremy Kohler 	UP 	6.53
Marshall Bay (CO) 	Frank Schaffer 	UP 	7.52
Sunshine (TJ) 	Lawrence McMahon 	UP 	9.19
Epping (PL) 	Vincent Speakman 	UP 	9.77
Safe 	Safe 	Safe 	Safe
Double Bay (NS) 	Bert Campbell 	UP 	11.04
Kennedy (WS) 	Clive Dobson 	UP 	12.14
Tregear (CO) 	Blake Edwards 	UP 	14.55
CROSSBENCH SEATS (1) 	 	 	
Aston (PL) 	Frank Blackburn 	IND 	2.74