FS Class ETR 470

The FS Class ETR 470 is an Italian high-speed tilting electric multiple unit operated by various companies since September 1996.
==History==
Based on the ETR 460 sets, a total of nine sets were built from 1996 to 1997 by FIAT Ferroviaria (now Alstom Ferroviaria). Prior to this, a prototype three-car set was built in 1994. The sets were built by Fiat at their Savigliano plant in collaboration with Schindler Group and Vevey Technologies. Operations started in September 1996, with the trains owned by Cisalpino.
When Cisalpino was dissolved in 2009, the sets were divided among its successor companies; Trenitalia received five sets and SBB received four sets, with both companies co-operatively operating the nine sets. Maintenance was initially carried out in Milan by Trenitalia before SBB took over maintenance duties in Basel. Notorious for their frequent breakdowns, the ETR 470s were not well-liked among Swiss train crews, with SBB deciding to retire all of their trains after one of their sets caught fire in an incident in 2009; all trains owned by the SBB were retired by 2015. SBB attempted to sell their sets but failed to find any buyers; as a result, SBB decided to scrap their sets and sell their spare parts to "any interested parties". By their retirement, ETR 470.005 was used as a spare parts donor for the remaining three sets in service, ETR 470.002, 003 and 009; these sets were later scrapped with the exception of ETR 470.009, which would be preserved for possible future use. 
Trenitalia would assign their remaining sets to Frecciabianca services, where they were used until 2020. ETR 470.009 was leased to Trenitalia after a serious accident involving ETR 485.036; three intermediate cars from ETR 470.009 were used in the rebuilding effort, while the first class cab car would be preserved by SBB as a "historic vehicle". The remaining five cars were scrapped.
In 2018, Trenitalia acquired TrainOSE, a Greek railway company; after test runs were conducted on the rail lines, Trenitalia made the decision to transfer all five of their ETR 470s to TrainOSE in Greece. Between 2018 to 2020, all five sets were modified to run on the Greek rail network; the first set was delivered to Thessaloniki Depot on 17 January 2021. Intended to enter service on 25 March 2021, this was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic; a second date for entry into service was set in mid-January 2022, which was also not met. The sets ultimately entered service on 25 May 2022 after approval was issued on 21 February 2022.
Prototype set ETR 470.000 is preserved at Alstom Ferroviaria's plant in Savigliano, Italy, painted in a generic Alstom livery. 
==Design==
The sets feature a design largely similar to that of the older ETR 460 sets. Italdesign Giugiaro, a notable Italian design firm, styled the exteriors, interiors and the branding for the trains, such as the Cisalpino logo and the uniforms used by the onboard staff.
==Specifications==
The ETR 470 is extremely similar to the ETR 460 from which it is derived, but features different electrical systems to allow it to run on the Swiss rail network. The sets also feature a different tilting system from the previous ETR 460s, designed specifically for use on the Swiss rail network. This tilting system is hydraulic-based and is controlled by a computer and sensors on various cars, allowing the train to tilt up to 8° at speeds of 45 km/h (28 mph) or higher.
Category:Electric trainsets
Category:4 foot 8 1⁄2 inch gauge
Category:Italy
Category:Fiat locomotives
Category:Tilting trainsets