Fascism

Fascism (Italian: fascismo; derived from the Italian fascio, meaning "bundle of sticks") is a political system and ideology first conceived by Benito Mussolini that is characterized by the needs of the collective or bundle being placed above those of the individual and other factors. The system is traditionally totalitarian and has been known to centralize power with autocrats while suppressing political dissent. As an ideology, fascism is inherently collectivst, placing the importance of a certain group (usually the nation or a race) above individuality. The economics of fascism are disputed, with some describing it as decayed capitalism and others describing it as a variant of socialism. Generally speaking, however, fascist economics are rooted in syndicalism (hence the term "national syndicalism" being used by Benito Mussolini and Fransisco Franco), corporatism, and autarky. It is important to note that, since fascism places the importance of their collective above other factors, fascist movements vary depending on which collective they are representing; for example, National Socialism for the German race is different than classical fascism for the Italian nation.
== Definitions ==
In the article "Fascism", Wikipedia uses the following lede to define facism:Fascism (/ˈfæʃɪzəm/ FASH-iz-əm) is a far-right, authoritarian, ultranationalist political ideology and movement, characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hierarchy, subordination of individual interests for the perceived good of the nation or race, and strong regimentation of society and the economy. Opposed to anarchism, democracy, pluralism, liberalism, socialism, and Marxism, fascism is placed on the far-right wing within the traditional left–right spectrum.The Merriam-Webster Dictionary, however, defines fascism as:a political philosophy, movement, or regime (such as that of the Fascisti) that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of oppositionThese definitions are worded differently, but maintain a similar concept: that being a centralized autocratic system where the importance of a collective (i.e. nation or race) is placed above all else. The main difference between the definitions is that Wikipedia describes fascism as "far-right", while the Merriam-Webster Dictionary does not. While fascism is usually considered "far-right" in contemporary political culture, the Merriam-Webster definition being broader allows for political movements such as Strasserism and National Bolshevism to be included.
== List of variations ==
* Arab fascism
* Austrofascism
* Austrian Nazism
* Banderism
* Brazilian Integralism
* British fascism
* Chiangism
* Christofascism
* Classical fascism
* Clerical fascism
* Crypto-fascism
* Doriotism
* Ecofascism
* Esoteric Nazism
* Falangism
* Fascist mysticism
* Francoism
* French fascism
* Hindutva
* Hungarism
* Hutu Power
* Ilminism
* Intransigent fascism
* Irish fascism
* Islamofascism
* Jewish fascism
* Legionarism
* Nacionalismo
* National-anarchism
* National Bolshevism
* National Socialism
* Nazi-Maoism
* Neo-fascism
* Neo-Legionarism
* Neo-Nazism
* Orthodox Peronism
* Pétainism
* Rexism
* Romanianism
* Ruscism
* Showa Statism
* Sosoism
* Strasserism
* Syndicalist fascism
* Syrian Social Nationalism
* Techo-fascism
* Third Positionism
* Uruguayan fascism
* Ustasism
* Ziaism
Category:Ideology
Category:Fascist