Nakshatra

Nakshatra (Sanskrit: नक्षत्र, IAST: Nakṣatra) is the term for lunar mansion in Hindu astrology. A nakshatra is one of 27 (sometimes also 28) sectors along the ecliptic. Their names are related to the most prominent asterisms in the respective sectors.
The starting point for the nakshatras is the point on the ecliptic directly opposite to the star Spica called Chitrā in Sanskrit (other slightly different definitions exist). It is called Meshādi or the "start of Aries".
The ecliptic is divided into each of the nakshatras eastwards starting from this point.
The number of nakshatras reflects the number of days in a sidereal month (modern value: 27.32 days), the width of a nakshatra traversed by the moon in about one day. Each nakshatra is further subdivided into four quarters (or padas). These play a role in popular Hindu astrology, where each pada is associated with a syllable, conventionally chosen as the first syllable of the given name of a child born when the moon was in the corresponding pada.
The nakshatras of traditional bhartiya astronomy are based on a list of 28 asterisms found in the Atharvaveda (AVŚ 19.7) and also in the Shatapatha Brahmana. The first astronomical text that lists them is the Vedanga Jyotisha.
In classical Hindu mythology (Mahabharata, Harivamsa), the creation of the nakshatras is attributed to Daksha. They are personified as daughters of the deity and as mythological wives of Chandra, the moon god, or alternatively the daughters of Kashyapa, the brother of Daksha.Mythology of the Hindus, by Charles Coleman p.131
Each of the nakshatras is governed as 'lord' by one of the nine graha in the following sequence: Ketu (South Lunar Node), Shukra (Venus), Ravi or Surya (Sun), Chandra (Moon), Mangala (Mars), Rahu (North Lunar Node), Guru or Brihaspati (Jupiter), Shani (Saturn) and Budha (Mercury). This cycle repeats itself three times to cover all 27 nakshatras. The lord of each nakshatra determines the planetary period known as the dasha, which is considered of major importance in forecasting the life path of the individual in Hindu astrology.
In Vedic Sanskrit, the term may refer to any heavenly body, or to "the stars" collectively. The classical sense of "lunar mansion" is first found in the Atharvaveda, and becomes the primary meaning of the term in Classical Sanskrit.
==Nakshatras in the Atharvaveda==
In the Atharvaveda (Shaunakiya recension, hymn 19.7) a list of 28 stars or asterisms is given, many of them corresponding to the later nakshatras:
(1) Kṛttikā (the Pleiads), (2) Rohinī, (3) Mrigashīrsha, (4) Ārdrā,
(5) Punarvasu, (6) Sūnritā, (7) Pushya, (8) Bhanu (the Sun), (9) Asleshā, (10) Maghā,
(11) Svāti (Arcturus), (12) Chitrā (Spica), (13) Phalgunis, (14) Hasta,
(15) Rādhas, (16) Vishākhā, (17) Anurādhā, (18) Jyeshthā, (19) Mūla,
(20) Ashādhas, (21) Abhijit, (22) Sravana, (23) Sravishthās,
(24) Satabhishak, (25) Proshtha-padas, (26) Revati, (27) Asvayujas, (28) Bharani.
trans. Ralph T.H. Griffith, Hymns of the Atharva Veda, 1895[].
Original text via GRETIL from Gli inni dell’ Atharvaveda (Saunaka), trasliterazione a cura di Chatia Orlandi, Pisa 1991, collated with the ed. R. Roth and W.D. Whitney: Atharva Veda Sanhita, Berlin 1856.
# citrā́ṇi sākáṃ diví rocanā́ni sarīsr̥pā́ṇi bhúvane javā́ni | turmíśaṃ sumatím ichámāno áhāni gīrbhíḥ saparyāmi nā́kam
# suhávam agne kŕ̥ttikā róhiṇī cā́stu bhadráṃ mr̥gáśiraḥ śám ārdrā́ | púnarvasū sūnŕ̥tā cā́ru púṣyo bhānúr āśleṣā́ áyanaṃ maghā́ me
# púṇyaṃ pū́rvā phálgunyau cā́tra hástaś citrā́ śivā́ svātí sukhó me astu | rā́dhe viśā́khe suhávānurādhā́ jyéṣṭhā sunákṣatram áriṣṭa mū́lam
# ánnaṃ pū́rvā rāsatāṃ me aṣādhā́ ū́rjaṃ devy úttarā ā́ vahantu | abhijín me rāsatāṃ púṇyam evá śrávaṇaḥ śráviṣṭhāḥ kurvatāṃ supuṣṭím
# ā́ me mahác chatábhiṣag várīya ā́ me dvayā́ próṣṭhapadā suśárma | ā́ revátī cāśvayújau bhágaṃ ma ā́ me rayíṃ bháraṇya ā́ vahantu
Interestingly enough, the term "nakshatra" has a different meaning as demonstrated in the "Surya Siddhanta" which is an ancient text on astronomy. In the early chapters, the author, Mayasura or Mayan, describes various time units. He writes that a "prana" is a duration of 4 seconds. He then continues with a discussion of a number of time units with progressively long durations made up of the shorter time units all composed of a number of pranas. Amongst those time units are something he calls "nakshatra." For example, there are 15 pranas in a minute; 900 pranas in an hour; 21600 pranas in a day, 583,200 pranas in a nakshatra (month). According to Mayan, a nakshatra is a time unit with a duration of 27 days. This 27 day time cycle has been taken to mean a particular group of stars. The relationship to the stars really has to do with the periodicity with which the moon travels over time and through space past the field of the specific stars called nakshatras. Hence, the stars are more like numbers on a clock through which the hands of time pass (the moon). This concept that nakshatra means a time unit has been lost and diverted to meaning a set of stars in the sky. This concept was discovered by Dr. Jessie Mercay in her research on Surya Siddhanta. It is documented in a textbook called "Fundamentals of Mamuni Mayans Vaastu Shastras, Building Architecture of Sthapatya Veda and Traditional Indian architecture." (Mercay, 2006 - 2012, AUM Science and Technology publishers)
==List of Nakshatras==
The classical list of 27 nakshatras is first found in the Vedanga Jyotisha, a text dated to the final centuries BCE. The nakshatra system predates the influence of Hellenistic astronomy on vedic tradition, which became prevalent from about the 2nd century CE.
In Hindu astronomy, there was an older tradition of 28 Nakshatras which were used as celestial markers in the heavens. When these were mapped into equal divisions of the ecliptic, a division of 27 portions was adopted since that resulted in a cleaner definition of each portion (i.e. segment) subtending 13° 20' (as opposed to 12° 51 3/7’ in the case of 28 segments). In the process, the Nakshatra Abhijit was left out without a portion. The Surya Siddhantha concisely specifies the coordinates of the twenty seven Nakshatras
The following list of nakshatras gives the corresponding regions of sky, following Basham.Arthur Llewellyn Basham, Indian Astronomy Appendix: Astronomy.
No. 	Name 	Associated stars 	Description 	Image
1 	Ashvini"wife of the Ashvins" 	β and γ Arietis 	
*Lord: Ketu (South lunar node)
*Symbol : Horse's head
*Deity : Ashvins, the horse-headed twins who are physicians to the gods
*Indian zodiac: 0° - 13°20' Mesha
*Western zodiac 26° Aries - 9°20' Taurus	
2; 7 	Bharani"the bearer" 	35, 39, and 41 Arietis 	
*Lord: Shukra (Venus)
*Symbol: Yoni, the female organ of reproduction
*Deity: Yama, god of death or Dharma
*Indian zodiac: 13° 20' - 26°40' Mesha
*Western zodiac 9° 20' - 22° 40' Taurus	
3 	Krittikaan old name of the Pleiades; personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva. 	Pleiades 	
*Lord: Surya (Sun)
*Symbol: Knife or spear
*Deity : Agni, god of fire
*Indian zodiac: 26°40' Mesha - 10° Vrishabha
*Western zodiac 22° 40' Taurus - 6° Gemini	
4; 9 	Rohini"the red one", a name of Aldebaran. Also known as brāhmī 	Aldebaran 	
*Lord: Chandra (Moon)
*Symbol: Cart or chariot, temple, banyan tree
*Deity : Brahma or Prajapati, the Creator
*Indian zodiac: 10° - 23°20' Vrishabha
*Western zodiac 6° - 19°20' Gemini	
5; 3 	Mrigashīrsha"the deer's head". Also known as āgrahāyaṇī 	λ, φ Orionis 	
*Lord: Mangala (Mars)
*Symbol: Deer's head
*Deity: Soma, Chandra, the Moon god
*Indian zodiac: 23° 20' Vrishabha - 6° 40' Mithuna
*Western zodiac: 19°20' Gemini - 2°40' Cancer	
6; 4 	Ardra"the moist one" 	Betelgeuse 	
*Lord: Rahu (North lunar node)
*Symbol: Teardrop, diamond, a human head
*Deity : Rudra, the storm god
*Indian zodiac: 6° 40' - 20° Mithuna
*Western zodiac: 2° 40' - 16° Cancer	
7; 5 	Punarvasu (dual)"the two restorers of goods", also known as yamakau "the two chariots" 	Castor and Pollux 	
*Lord: Guru (Jupiter)
*Symbol : Bow and quiver
*Deity : Aditi, mother of the gods
*Indian zodiac: 20° Mithuna - 3°20' Karka
*Western zodiac 16° - 29°20' Cancer	
8; 6 	Pushya"the nourisher", also known as sidhya or tiṣya 	γ, δ and θ Cancri 	
*Lord: Shani (Saturn)
*Symbol : Cow's udder, lotus, arrow and circle
*Deity : Bṛhaspati, priest of the gods
*Indian zodiac: 3°20' -16°40' Karka
*Western zodiac 29°20' Cancer - 12°40' Leo	
9; 7 	Āshleshā"the embrace" 	δ, ε, η, ρ, and σ Hydrae 	
*Lord: Budh (Mercury)
*Symbol: Serpent
*Deity : Sarpas or Nagas, deified snakes
*Indian zodiac: 16°40' - 30° Karka
*Western zodiac 12°40' - 26° Leo	
10; 15 	Maghā"the bountiful" 	Regulus 	
*Lord: Ketu (south lunar node)
*Symbol : Royal Throne
*Deity : Pitrs, 'The Fathers', family ancestors
*Indian zodiac: 0° - 13°20' Simha
*Western zodiac 26° Leo - 9°20' Virgo	
11 	Pūrva Phalgunī"first reddish one" 	δ and θ Leonis 	
*Lord: Shukra (Venus)
*Symbol : Front legs of bed, hammock, fig tree
*Deity : Bhaga, god of marital bliss and prosperity
*Indian zodiac: 13°20' - 26°40' Simha
*Western zodiac 9°20' - 22°40' Virgo	
12 	Uttara Phalgunī"second reddish one" 	Denebola 	
*Lord: Surya (Sun)
*Symbol: Four legs of bed, hammock
*Deity : Aryaman, god of patronage and favours
*Indian zodiac: 26°40' Simha- 10° Kanya
*Western zodiac 22°40' Virgo - 6° Libra	
13 	Hasta"the hand" 	α, β, γ, δ and ε Corvi 	
*Lord: Chandra (Moon)
*Symbol: Hand or fist
*Deity : Saviti or Surya, the Sun god
*Indian zodiac: 10° - 23°20' Kanya
*Western zodiac 6° - 19°20' Libra	
14 	Chitra"the bright one", a name of Spica 	Spica 	
*Lord: Mangala (Mars)
*Symbol: Bright jewel or pearl
*Deity : Tvastar or Vishvakarman, the celestial architect
*Indian zodiac: 23°20' Kanya - 6°40' Tula
*Western zodiac: 19°20' Libra - 2°40' Scorpio	
15 	Svāti"Su-Ati (sanskrit) Very good" name of Arcturus 	Arcturus 	
*Lord: Rahu (north lunar node)
*Symbol: Shoot of plant, coral
*Deity : Vayu, the Wind god
*Indian zodiac: 6°40' - 20° Tula
*Western zodiac 2°40' - 16° Scorpio	
16; 14 	Visakha"forked, having branches"; also known as rādhā "the gift" 	α, β, γ and ι Librae 	
*Lord: Guru (Jupiter)
*Symbol : Triumphal arch, potter's wheel
*Deity : Indra, chief of the gods; Agni, god of Fire
*Indian zodiac: 20° Tula - 3°20' Vrishchika
*Western zodiac 16° - 29°20' Scorpio	
17 	Anuradha "following rādhā" 	β, δ and π Scorpionis 	
*Lord: Shani (Saturn)
*Symbol : Triumphal archway, lotus
*Deity : Mitra, one of Adityas of friendship and partnership
*Indian zodiac: 3°20' - 16°40' Vrishchika
*Western zodiac 29°20' Scorpio - 12°40' Sagittarius	
18; 16 	Jyeshtha"the eldest, most excellent" 	α, σ, and τ Scorpionis 	
*Lord: Budh (Mercury)
*Symbol : circular amulet, umbrella, earring
*Deity : Indra, chief of the gods
*Indian zodiac: 16°40' - 30° Vrishchika
*Western zodiac 12°40' - 26° Sagittarius	
19; 17 	Mula"the root" 	ε, ζ, η, θ, ι, κ, λ, μ and ν Scorpionis	
*Lord: Ketu (south lunar node)
*Symbol : Bunch of roots tied together, elephant goad
*Deity : Nirrti, goddess of dissolution and destruction
*Indian zodiac: 0° - 13°20' Dhanus
*Western zodiac 26° Sagittarius - 9°20' Capricorn	
20; 18 	Purva Ashadha"first of the aṣāḍhā", aṣāḍhā "the invincible one" being the name of a constellation	δ and ε Sagittarii 	
*Lord: Shukra (Venus)
*Symbol: Elephant tusk, fan, winnowing basket
*Deity : Apah, god of Water
*Indian zodiac: 13°20' - 26°40' Dhanus
*Western zodiac 9°20' - 22°40' Capricorn	
21 	Uttara Ashadha"second of the aṣāḍhā" 	ζ and σ Sagittarii 	
*Lord: Surya (Sun)
*Symbol : Elephant tusk, small bed
*Deity : Visvedevas, universal gods
*Indian zodiac: 26°40' Dhanus - 10° Makara
*Western zodiac 22°40' Capricorn - 6° Aquarius	
22; 20 	Abhijit "victorious"
Its longitude starts from 06° 40' to 10° 53' 40 in sidereal Capricorn i.e. from the last quarter of Uttra Ashadha to first 1/15 th part of Shravana.
Its span is 4° 13' 40. The span of 27 mean daily lunar motions totals 355.76167 degrees, and together these total 359.98945 degrees. Considered an "intercalary" lunar mansion.	α, ε and ζ Lyrae - Vega 	Lord: Brahma	
23; 20 	Sravana 	α, β and γ Aquilae 	
*Lord: Chandra (Moon)
*Symbol : Ear or Three Footprints
*Deity : Vishnu, preserver of universe
*Indian zodiac: 10° - 23°20' Makara
*Western zodiac 6° - 19°20' Aquarius	
24; 21; 23	Dhanishta "most famous", also Shravishthā "swiftest" 	α to δ Delphini 	
*Lord: Mangala (Mars)
*Symbol : Drum or flute
*Deity : Eight vasus, deities of earthly abundance
*Indian zodiac: 23°20' Makara - 6°40' Kumbha
*Western zodiac 19°20' Aquarius - 2°40' Pisces	
24; 22 	Shatabhisha"Comprising a hundred physicians" 	γ Aquarii 	
*Lord: Rahu (north lunar node)
*Symbol : Empty circle, 1,000 flowers or stars
*Deity : Varuna, god of cosmic waters, sky and earth
*Indian zodiac: 6°40' - 20° Kumbha ; Western zodiac 2°40' - 16° Pisces	
25; 3 	Purva Bhadrapada"the first of the blessed feet" 	α and β Pegasi 	
*Lord: Guru (Jupiter)
*Symbol : Swords or two front legs of funeral cot, man with two faces
*Deity : Ajikapada, an ancient fire dragon
*Indian zodiac: 20° Kumbha - 3°20' Meena ; Western zodiac 16° - 29°20' Pisces	
26; 4 	Uttara Bhādrapadā"the second of the blessed feet" 	γ Pegasi and α Andromedae 	
*Lord: Shani (Saturn)
*Symbol : Twins, back legs of funeral cot, snake in the water
*Deity : Ahir Budhyana, serpent or dragon of the deep
*Indian zodiac: 3°20' - 16°40' Meena ; Western zodiac 29°20' Pisces - 12°40' Aries	
27; 5 	Revati"prosperous" 	ζ Piscium 	
*Lord: Budh (Mercury)
*Symbol : Fish or a pair of fish, drum
*Deity : Pushan, nourisher, the protective deity
*Indian zodiac: 16°40' - 30° Meena
*Western zodiac 12°40' - 26° Aries	
==Padas (quarters)==
Each of the 27 Nakshatras cover 13°20’ of the ecliptic each. Each Nakshatra is also divided into quarters or padas of 3°20’, and the below table lists the appropriate starting sound to name the child. The 27 nakshatras, each with 4 padas, give 108, which is the number of beads in a japa mala, indicating all the elements (ansh) of Vishnu:
# 	Name 	Pada 1 	Pada 2 	Pada 3 	Pada 4
1 	Ashwini (अश्विनि) 	चु Chu 	चे Che 	चो Cho 	ला La
2 	Bharani (भरणी) 	ली Li 	लू Lu 	ले Le 	लो Lo
3 	Kritika (कृत्तिका) 	अ A 	ई I 	उ U 	ए E
4 	Rohini(रोहिणी) 	ओ O 	वा Va/Ba	वी Vi/Bi 	वु Vu/Bu
5 	Mrigashīrsha(म्रृगशीर्षा) 	वे Ve/Be	वो Vo/Bo	का Ka 	की Ke
6 	Ārdrā (आर्द्रा) 	कु Ku 	घ Gha 	ङ Ng/Na 	छ Chha
7 	Punarvasu (पुनर्वसु) 	के Ke 	को Ko 	हा Ha 	ही Hi
8 	Pushya (पुष्य) 	हु Hu 	हे He 	हो Ho 	ड Da
9 	Āshleshā (आश्लेषा) 	डी Di 	डू Du 	डे De 	डो Do
10	Maghā (मघा) 	मा Ma 	मी Mi 	मू Mu 	मे Me
11	Pūrva or Pūrva Phalgunī (पूर्व फाल्गुनी)	नो Mo 	टा Ta 	टी Ti 	टू Tu
12	Uttara or Uttara Phalgunī (उत्तर फाल्गुनी)	टे Te 	टो To 	पा Pa 	पी Pi
13	Hasta (हस्त) 	पू Pu 	ष Sha 	ण Na 	ठ Tha
14	Chitra (चित्रा) 	पे Pe 	पो Po 	रा Ra 	री Ri
15	Svātī (स्वाति) 	रू Ru 	रे Re 	रो Ro 	ता Ta
16	Viśākhā (विशाखा) 	ती Ti 	तू Tu 	ते Te 	तो To
17	Anurādhā (अनुराधा) 	ना Na 	नी Ni 	नू Nu 	ने Ne
18	Jyeshtha (ज्येष्ठा) 	नो No 	या Ya 	यी Yi 	यू Yu
19	Mula (मूल) 	ये Ye 	यो Yo 	भा Bha 	भी Bhi
20	Pūrva Ashādhā (पूर्वाषाढ़ा) 	भू Bhu 	धा Dha 	फा Bha/Pha	ढा Dha
21	Uttara Aṣāḍhā (उत्तराषाढ़ा) 	भे Bhe 	भो Bho 	जा Ja 	जी Ji
22	Śrāvaṇa (श्र‌ावण) 	खी Ju/Khi	खू Je/Khu	खे Jo/Khe	खो Gha/Kho
23	Śrāviṣṭha (श्रविष्ठा) or Dhanishta 	गा Ga 	गी Gi 	गु Gu 	गे Ge
24	Shatabhisha (शतभिषा)or Śatataraka 	गो Go 	सा Sa 	सी Si 	सू Su
25	Pūrva Bhādrapadā (पूर्वभाद्रपदा) 	से Se 	सो So 	दा Da 	दी Di
26	Uttara Bhādrapadā (उत्तरभाद्रपदा) 	दू Du 	थ Tha 	झ Jha 	ञ Da/Tra
27	Revati (रेवती) 	दे De 	दो Do 	च Cha 	ची Chi
==Use in astrology==
===Hindu given names===
Hindu astrologers (see Jyotisha) teach that when a child is born, they should be given an auspicious first name which will correspond to the child's Nakshatra.
The technique for deducing the name is to see which nakshatra the moon is in at the moment of birth; this gives four possible sounds. A refinement is to pick one sound out of that four that relates to the Pada or division of the Nakshatra. Each Nakshatra has four Padas and four sounds and each Pada is of equal width. The Moon remains in each Nakshatra for approximately one day.
A further refinement or opportunity is to instead use the Nakshatra that the ascendent resides in at birth. The same broad choice of sounds and Padas apply, but now the sounds change roughly every 15 minutes. The ascendent passes through all 27 Nakshatras every 24 hours, being in each one for 53 and a third minutes of time, and is in a Pada for 13 and a third minutes of time. By using the ascendent's nakshatra, instead of the moon's nakshatra leads more to comfort of the Self, rather than comfort of the mother. This second approach is only really applicable if intuitively the moon approach does not feel right.
===Electional astrology===
Constellations are grouped on the basis of their nature, type of their face, degree of their beneficence, their quarters in different signs, with reference to the constellation occupied by the Sun, with reference to the birth constellation (Janma Nakshatra), their caste, etc. The current constellation occupied by the Moon, and its nature forms the fundamental of Vedic system of electional astrology (Muhurta). Some of the activities and works which are associated with the Nakshatras are given below based on their fundamental nature:
*Fixed (Dhruva, Sthira) constellations:
Rohini, Uttara Bhādrapadā, Uttra Falguni, and Uttara Ashada
Fixed and permanent nature, house, village, temple, entering in new hose-city-temple, religious works, rites for getting peace, propitiation of portents, Vinayaka Shanti, coronation, sowing of seeds, planting of small garden, starting of vocal music, friendship, sexual works, making & wearing of ornaments & clothes may be auspiciously begun / effectively performed. Works allocated to delicate & friendly (Mridu) asterisms may also be performed.
* Movable (Chala , Chara) constellations:
Punarvasu, Swaati, Sharavana, Shatabhishā & Shravishthā
Related to motion & movement, riding on a vehicle or elephant, opening of shop, walking first time, walking in garden, sex, making jewellery, learning of a trait. Things performed in Small (Laghu) constellation are also effectively performed in the Movable constellations.
*Cruel (Ugra, Karur) constellations:
Magha, Bharani, Porva Palguni, Poorva Shada, & Poorva Bhadra.
Ambush, burning, poisoning (self & others), making & using weapons especially related to fire, cheating / deception / wickedness / craftiness, cutting & destroying, controlling of animals, beating & punishing of enemy. Works allocated to Sharp / Horrible (Darun) asterisms are also successfully done in these asterisms.
*Mixed (Mishra & Sadharan) constellations
Vishakha & Krittika.
Fire works, burning of sacred fire (Agnihotra), using poison, fearsome works, arresting, adulteration (mixing), donation of ox to get one's desires fulfilled (Vrashotsarga). Works prescribed under cruel (Ugra, Karur) constellations may also be performed. As per N.S. works of Sweet / delicate & friendly (Mridu & Maitri) constellations can also be included.
*Small (Laghu & Kshipra) constellations
Hasta, Abhijit, Pushya, and Ashvini.
Selling, medical knowledge, using & handling of medicines, literature-music-art, the 64 Kala Shilpa (various arts, sculpture etc.) jewellery making & wearing, sexual intercourse. And the works prescribed for Movable (Char) constellations. Though Abhijit is included in Small group of asterisms, but is rarely referred in the Muhurt prescriptions.
*Sweet/Delicate & Friendly (Mridu & Maitri) constellations
Mrigashīrsha, Chitra, Anuradha and Revati.
Starting & learning singing of songs, clothes & jewellery making & wearing, Manglik works, matter related to friends, female company, enjoyments, sexual passions.
*Sharp & Horrible ( Teekshan & Darun ) constellations:
Jyeshta, Ardra, Ashlesha, and Moola
Charm or spell causing disease or death, hypnotism, sorcery; ghost, ambush, horror, murder, capture, matters related to secrecy, backbiting, starting of quarrel, separation, matters related to friendship & breaking thereof, training & tying of animals, pleasure works, playing games, getting made & wearing of new dress & ornaments, starting & learning singing of songs, entering into village / city, peaceful & developmental works.
==Names in modern languages==
The names of nakshatras in other languages are adapted from the Sanskrit variation (apabhramsa) through Pali or Prakrit. The variations evolved for easier pronunciation in popular usage.
# 	Sanskrit 	Bengali nameনক্ষত্র 	Malayalam nameമലയാളം 	Tamil nameதமிழ் 	Telugu nameతెలుగు 	Kannada nameಕನ್ನಡ 	Western star name
1 	Aśvinīअश्विनी 	Aśvinīঅশ্বিনী 	Ashvatiഅശ്വതി 	Aswiniஅஸ்வினி 	Aśvinīఅశ్విని 	Aśvinīಅಶ್ವಿನಿ 	β and γ Arietis
2 	Bharaṇīभरणी 	Bharaṇīভরণী 	Bharaṇiഭരണി 	Baraṇiபரணி 	Bharaṇiభరణి 	Bharaṇiಭರಣಿ 	35, 39, and 41 Arietis
3 	Kṛttikāकृत्तिका 	Kṛttikāকৃত্তিকা 	Kārttikaകാർത്തിക 	Kārthikaiகார்த்திகை 	Kṛttika కృత్తిక 	Kruthike ಕೃತಿಕೆ 	Pleiades
4 	Rohiṇīरोहिणी 	Rohiṇīরোহিণী 	Rōhiṇiരോഹിണി 	Rōhiṇiரோகிணி 	Rōhiṇiరోహిణి 	Rōhiṇiರೋಹಿಣಿ 	Aldebaran
5 	Mṛgaśirasम्रृगशीर्षा 	Mṛgaśirasমৃগশিরা 	Makayiramമകയിരം 	Mirugasīridamமிருகசீரிடம்	Mṛgaśira మృగశిర 	Mṛgaśira ಮೃಗಶಿರ 	λ, φ Orionis
6 	Ārdrāआद्रा 	Ārdrāআর্দ্রা 	Ātira or Tiruvātiraആതിര (തിരുവാതിര)	Thiruvādhiraiதிருவாதிரை	Arudra ఆరుద్ర 	Aridra ಆರಿದ್ರ 	Betelgeuse
7 	Punarvasuपुनर्वसु 	Punarvasuপুনর্বসু 	Puṇartamപുണർതം 	Punarpoosamபுனர்பூசம்	Punarvasuపునర్వసు 	Punarvasu ಪುನರ್ವಸು 	Castor and Pollux
8 	Puṣyaपुष्य 	Puṣyaপুষ্যা (তিষ্যা) 	Pūyamപൂയം 	Poosamபூசம் 	Puṣyamiపుష్యమి 	Puṣya ಪುಷ್ಯ 	γ, δ and θ Cancri
9 	Aśleṣāआश्ळेषा / आश्लेषा 	Aśleṣāঅশ্লেষা 	Āyilyamആയില്യം 	Ayilyamஆயில்யம் 	Aśleṣaఆశ్లేష 	Aśleṣa ಆಶ್ಲೇಷ 	δ, ε, η, ρ, and σ Hydrae
10	Maghāमघा 	Maghāমঘা 	Makamമകം 	Magamமகம் 	Makha or Magha మఖ or మాఘ 	Makha ಮಖ 	Regulus
11	Pūrva or Pūrva Phalguṇīपूर्व फाल्गुनी 	Pūrva or Pūrva Phalguṇīপূর্ব ফল্গুনী	Pūramപൂരം 	Pooramபூரம் 	Pūrva Phalguṇī or Pubbaపూర్వా ఫల్గుణి or పుబ్బ	Pubba ಪುಬ್ಬ, ಪೂರ್ವ-ಫಲ್ಗುಣಿ	δ and θ Leonis
12	Uttara or Uttara Phalguṇīउत्तर फाल्गुनी	Uttara or Uttara Phalguṇīউত্তর ফল্গুনী	Utramഉത്രം 	Uthiramஉத்திரம் 	Uttara Phalguṇi or Uttaraఉత్తర ఫల్గుణి or ఉత్తర	Utthara ಉತ್ತರ, ಉತ್ತರ-ಫಲ್ಗುಣಿ	Denebola
13	Hastaहस्त 	Hastaহস্তা 	Attamഅത്തം 	Asthamஅஸ்தம் 	Hastaహస్త 	Hasta ಹಸ್ತ 	α, β, γ, δ and ε Corvi
14	Citrāचित्रा14 	Citrāচিত্রা 	Chittira (Chitra)ചിത്തിര (ചിത്ര)	Chithiraiசித்திரை 	Cittā or Citrāచిత్తా or చిత్రా 	Citta ಚಿತ್ತ 	Spica
15	Svātiस्वाति 	Svātiস্বাতী 	Chōtiചോതി 	Swathiசுவாதி 	Svātiస్వాతి 	Svāti ಸ್ವಾತಿ 	Arcturus
16	Viśākhaविशाखा 	Viśākhaবিশাখা 	Vishākhamവിശാഖം 	Visakamவிசாகம் 	Viśākhaవిశాఖ 	Viśākheವಿಶಾಖೆ 	α, β, γ and ι Librae
17	Anurādhāअनुराधा 	Anurādhāঅনুরাধা 	Anizhamഅനിഴം 	Anushamஅனுஷம் 	Anurādhāఅనూరాధ 	Anurādhāಅನುರಾಧ 	β, δ and π Scorpionis
18	Jyeṣṭhaज्येष्ठा 	Jyeṣṭhaজ্যেষ্ঠা 	Kēṭṭa (Trikkēṭṭa)കേട്ട (തൃക്കേട്ട)	Kettaiகேட்டை 	Jyeṣṭhaజ్యేష్ఠ 	Jyeṣṭhaಜ್ಯೇಷ್ಠ 	α, σ, and τ Scorpionis
19	Mūlaमूल/मूळ 	Mūlaমূলা 	Mūlamമൂലം 	Mūlamமூலம் 	Mūlaమూల 	Mūlaಮೂಲ 	ε, ζ, η, θ, ι, κ, λ, μ and ν Scorpionis
20	Pūrvāṣāḍhaपूर्वाषाढा 	Pūrvāṣāḍhaপূর্বাষাঢ়া 	Pūrāṭamപൂരാടം 	Pūradamபூராடம் 	Pūrvāṣāḍhaపూర్వాషాఢ 	Pūrvāṣāḍhaಪೂರ್ವಾಷಾಢ 	δ and ε Sagittarii
21	Uttarāṣāḍhaउत्तराषाढा 	Uttarāṣāḍhaউত্তরাষাঢ়া 	Utrāṭamഉത്രാടം 	Uthirādamஉத்திராடம் 	Uttarāṣāḍhaఉత్తరాషాఢ 	Uttarāṣāḍhaಉತ್ತರಾಷಾಢ 	ζ and σ Sagittarii
22	Śravaṇaश्रवण 	Śravaṇaশ্রবণা 	Tiruvōnam ഓണം (തിരുവോണം) 	Tiruvōnamதிருவோணம் 	Śravaṇaṁశ్రవణం 	Śravaṇaಶ್ರವಣ 	α, β and γ Aquilae
23	Śraviṣṭhā or Dhaniṣṭhaश्रविष्ठा or धनिष्ठा	Śraviṣṭhā or Dhaniṣṭhaধনিষ্ঠা (শ্রবিষ্ঠা)	Aviṭṭamഅവിട്ടം 	Aviṭṭamஅவிட்டம் 	Dhaniṣṭhaధనిష్ఠ 	Dhaniṣṭhaಧನಿಷ್ಠ 	α to δ Delphinus
24	Śatabhiṣak or Śatatārakāशतभिषक् / शततारका	Śatabhiṣak or Śatatārakāশতভিষা 	Chatayam ചതയം 	Sadayamசதயம் 	Śatabhiṣaṁశతభిషం 	Śatabhiṣaಶತಭಿಷ 	γ Aquarii
25	Pūrva Bhādrapadāपूर्वभाद्रपदा / पूर्वप्रोष्ठपदा	Pūrva Bhādrapadāপূর্ব ভাদ্রপদ 	Pūruruṭṭātiപൂരുരുട്ടാതി 	Pūraṭṭādhiபூரட்டாதி 	Pūrvābhādraపూర్వాభాద్ర 	Pūrvābhādraಪೂರ್ವಾ ಭಾದ್ರ	α and β Pegasi
26	Uttara Bhādrapadāउत्तरभाद्रपदा / उत्तरप्रोष्ठपदा	Uttara Bhādrapadāউত্তর ভাদ্রপদ 	Uttṛṭṭātiഉത്രട്ടാതി 	Uttṛṭṭādhiஉத்திரட்டாதி	Uttarābhādraఉత్తరాభాద్ర 	Uttarābhādraಉತ್ತರಾ ಭಾದ್ರ	γ Pegasi and α Andromedae
27	Revatīरेवती 	Revatīরেবতী 	Rēvatiരേവതി 	Rēvathiரேவதி 	Rēvatiరేవతి 	Rēvatiರೇವತಿ 	ζ Piscium
==Apps==
: iPhone app
:# https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/vedicpanchangam/id862232382?ls=1&mt=8
==See also==
* Atmakaraka
* Navagraha
* Panchangam
* Gandanta
* Chinese constellation
* Twenty-eight mansions
* Decans (Egyptian)
==References==
==External links==
Category:Hindu astrology
Category:Hindu astronomy
 
*
Category:Technical factors of astrology