Muslim world 1550-1600 (Chaos)

~1550: Arab captains in the Red Sea start to equip their ships with an iron cannons, which are superior to the Chinese bronze cannons, start piracy in the Indian Ocean.
1551: The last Zahedid claimant for the throne of Persia is caught with his remaining followers and killed.
1556-65: The of England-Castille-Portugal declares war on the , enraged over the fate of Rome. and join the war.
1559: reconquered by Christians; all the Muslims found there are massacred.
1562: Sea ; Seljuk-Barbary fleet decimated.
1565: ends the . Seljuks give up Latium (to Florence) and the , , and (to E-C-P). The Romans displaced ~20 years ago return in triumph. The victorious Italians demand that the Pope returns to Rome, which the French king denies.
1567-74: , and declare war on the weakened Seljuks.
1569: French land at , conquer the city.
1571: Seljuks conquer Port Said back.
1572: After another uprising of the , Florence joins the war, attacks Naples.
1574: (). Seljuks have to cede Dalmatia to Venice, the county of Naples to Florence, to Bavaria, Austria to -Carinthia and western to France. François of elected new king .
1575: The army topples and kills sultan after having lost two wars, replacing him with his son .
In the same year, Muslim refugees from Naples (mostly merchants replaced by the Florentines, but some scientists too) arrive in . They bring the printing press, which was used until then only in Seljuk Italy (and Austria, which was Seljuk only for a few decades anyway). The mighty guilds of the calligraphers protest.
1577: A Seljuk-i fleet defeats a Chinese Treasure fleet, takes unbelievable riches with them.
1580-82: The former tributary is made a Seljuk province. Protests and uprisings are put down, not without cruelty.
1581: The sultan rules that the printing press may be used for government jobs only. This will lead in the long run to a better administration, higher literacy and wider spread science in the Seljuk empire.
1584: The young sultan makes treaties with Persia and , the other big Muslim powers, to be able to use his full power against the Europeans.
1585-87: Persia attacks Choresm, takes Chorasan back.
1586: Arab pirates take the Maledives, extend their radius.
1589: The young son of Choresm Shah overthrows the Shah, his distant uncle, and kills him (and his son). He'll become one of Choresm's greatest rulers.
1591: Arab pirates capture several cities on Sri Lanka.
1599: introduces the printing press to Choresm.