Overall Intelligence & Gardner Theory Page

== Overview ==
Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences proposes that humans are not born with all the intelligence they will ever have, and that everyone processes information in different ways. In other words, we continually learn and develop in different ways throughout our lives, even after we finish formal education.  
Gardner does not define intelligence as one single, general ability, but instead he divides it into nine different intelligences. While someone might be particularly strong in one area, such mathematical intelligence, they will actually possess a range of abilities across several intelligence types.  https://www.nordangliaeducation.com/pbis-prague/news/2020/12/09/the-nine-types-of-intelligence
=== General Intelligence ===
General intelligence, often referred to as "g factor," is a concept in psychology that represents a broad cognitive ability underlying various mental tasks. It is characterized by the capacity to reason logically, solve problems, learn quickly, and adapt to new situations. General intelligence is considered to be a fundamental trait that influences overall cognitive functioning and performance across different domains.
=== Fluid Intelligence ===
Fluid intelligence refers to the capacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations, independent of acquired knowledge. It involves the ability to identify patterns, solve puzzles, and adapt to new information quickly. Unlike crystallized intelligence, which is based on knowledge and experience accumulated over time, fluid intelligence emphasizes abstract reasoning and the ability to think flexibly.
=== Crystallized Intelligence ===
Crystallized intelligence refers to the accumulation of knowledge, facts, and information that individuals acquire throughout their lives. Unlike fluid intelligence, which involves the ability to think logically and solve problems in novel situations, crystallized intelligence is based on experience, learning, and exposure to cultural and educational influences over time.
=== Logical-Mathematical Intelligence ===
Perhaps the most obvious of the nine types of intelligence, logical-mathematical intelligence refers to someone’s ability to solve mathematical problems, spot trends and patterns, and understand relationships. If someone possesses logical-mathematical intelligence it means that order and sequencing feature greatly in their thinking process and they can think conceptually and abstractly. 
=== Linguistic Intelligence ===
Linguistic intelligence gauges someone’s ability to use words effectively. This doesn’t necessarily mean learning another language, someone who exclusively uses one language proficiently can still have linguistic intelligence. Being able to use the right words and express what you mean is a unique skill type of intelligence that can be utilised in several different scenarios. 
=== Interpersonal Intelligence ===
Interpersonal intelligence or emotional intelligence refers to the link between intelligence and emotions. Someone with interpersonal intelligence is good at sensing other people’s emotions and reading their motives, this can be linked to both verbal and non-verbal communication skills. 
=== Intrapersonal Intelligence ===
Intrapersonal intelligence refers to self-awareness and people’s ability to understand themselves. Do you understand what you are feeling and why you are feeling it? Intrapersonal intelligence also involves appreciating and respecting the human condition, in general, treating others the way you would like to be treated yourself. 
=== Musical Intelligence ===
Musical intelligence is the most self-explanatory of the nine types of intelligence, it refers to someone’s ability to sense rhythm and sound and use this to create music. 
=== Visual-Spatial Intelligence ===
Visual-spatial intelligence refers to people’s ability to view or visualise the world in its three dimensions. When discussing visualising the world in 3D, it involves the following capabilities: 
Mental imagery – being able to draw up an image or picture without an external stimulus, drawing from memories or previous experience. In other words, the detail of someone’s imagination. 
Spatial reasoning – being able to think about objects in 3D and draw generalisations despite having limited information. Mention a pyramid, and people with visual-spatial intelligence will be able to visualise how that pyramid will look from the front or the top. 
Image manipulation – being able to visualise changes to an image before they have been implemented. For example, an artist visualising how their picture will look before they have drawn it. 
Artistic skills – being able to create artwork, this also includes graphic skills.
Visual-spatial intelligence and creativity work hand-in-hand, drawing on an active imagination to produce impressive visual work. 
=== Bodily-Kinaesthetic Intelligence ===
Bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence refers to mind and body co-ordination and is very important in athletes. Athletic ability isn’t often referred to as intelligence, but kinaesthetic intelligence is measured on someone’s ability to use their physicality to manipulate objects and other elements around them. 
=== Naturalist Intelligence ===
Naturalist intelligence refers to the ability to read and understand nature. Having sensitivity to the non-living elements of all living things is considered “nature smart”. 
=== Existential Intelligence ===
Existential intelligence refers to deep sensitivity and people’s ability to handle deep questions such as the meaning of existence, it’s one of the most complex of the nine types of intelligence listed in Gardner’s research. People with existential intelligence are not only comfortable talking about these serious questions but also strive to find the answer.