War

== Huh, what is it good for? ==
War can have the affect of taking what is normally a subject of hypotheticals and exposing it to some rather unsavoury real-life scenarios. As such, it is worth exploring how each theory, which is primarily designed to work in a society, functions in a dynamic where everyone is trying to kill each other.
== Utilitarianism ==
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== Deontology ==
== Virtue Ethics ==
== Examples/Issues ==
 	Utilitarianism	Deontology 	Virtue Ethics
Iraq - Just War criteria 	Singer - Preference Utilitarianism
Singer's Utilitarianism focuses on fulfilling people's preferences. Rather than requiring a Just Cause or Proper Authority, he would look at people's interests. Singer is worried that we are more concerned with our own interests than those of the Iraqis. Having a just cause is not a reason to go to war. In all cases, you should do the things that are in everyone's best interests.	Categorical Imperative - Universalisability	Intellectual Virtues - Wisdom
Aristotle would have been happy that the decisions of going to war would have been left to the wise, educated leaders of a country. Wisdom will lead us to the Just War criteria. It makes sense that war should only ever be a last resort, and that you should only fight if it possible to win. All of the criteria are reasonable, and there is a lot of support for the criteria from people of all backgrounds. The criteria can be reached at by a wise person using reason.
Child Soldiers - Congo, UK 	Mill - Higher/Lower Pleasures
In the Congo, child soldiers are employed by militia, and made to do terrible and dehumanising things, like raping enemy women. However, Britain allows children of up to 16 to sign up and will send 17-year-olds to fight. While this makes use of their strength and youth, increasing the number of available soldiers, Mill would have a problem with this, as the alternative is to take them later, allowing them a better education and access to higher pleasures.	Ends in themselves
Kant would disagree with Mercenaries (payed combatants) as they are being treated (or treating themselves) as a means to an end. However, a soldier fighting for their own country may be treated as an end in themselves if they benefit from the freedoms fought for and is well paid and looked after. In the case of child soldiers, proper care would mean education rather than fighting, so Kant opposes child soldiers.	Context
Maclntyre says that to understand people's values, you have to understand the context. For example, in the UK, you are treated as an adult form 18, so recruiting soldiers from 16 seems to not fit. In the Congo, they recruit much younger, but a lot of children start work younger and don't go to school. These facts should influence our understanding of the moral principals at work.
Geneva Convention - Human Rights, Abu Gharib, 
Guantanamo Bay, Torture	 	 	
Recruitment - Poor black
people in America being
exploited, forced conscription
in WWI	 	 	
Pacificsm - Conscientious Objectors,
MLK - Vietnam	 	 	
Genocide - Sudan/Darfur, Rwanda	 	 	
Landmines - Cluster Bombs, Naplam, 
Agent Orange	 	 	
Hiroshima - Dresden etc. 	 	 	
Category:Ethics
Category:W
Category:Utilitarianism
Category:Deontology
Category:Virtue Ethics