Chthonia

In Greek mythology, the name Chthonia (Χθωνία "of the earth") may refer to:
*Chthonia, daughter of Erechtheus and Praxithea. She was sacrificed by her father, who had received a prophecy according to which he could win the imminent battle against Eumolpus only if he sacrificed his daughter. Her sisters, who had sworn to kill themselves if one of them died, fulfilled their oath by throwing themselves off a cliff.Hyginus, Fabulae, 46 & 238Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 3. 15. 4 According to the dictionary Suda,Suda s. v. parthenoi only two of the sisters, Protogeneia and Pandora, did commit suicide, which makes sense since of the other daughters of Erechtheus, Orithyia had been abducted by Boreas, Procris married off to Cephalus, and Creusa was still a baby at the time the oath had been sworn.Euripides, Ion, 277 It was also said, however, that Chthonia married her uncle Butes, which probably indicates a version that she was not sacrificed.Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca, 3. 15. 1; note that in 3. 15. 4, it is simply stated that Erechtheus sacrificed his youngest daughter, without mention of her name.
*Chthonia, daughter of Phoroneus or of Colontas. She and her brother Clymenus were said to have founded a sanctuary of Demeter Chthonia (see below) at Hermione. In another version, Demeter, during her wanderings in search of Persephone, was ill-treated by Colontas, against which Chthonia protested. Demeter burned Colontas alive in his house, but saved Chthonia and transported her to Hermione, where she founded the aforementioned sanctuary.Pausanias, Description of Greece, 2. 35. 3-5
*Chthonia, one of the Alkyonides.Eustathius on Homer, 776, 16
*Chthonia, an epithet of Demeter[Orphism (religion)|Orphic]] Hymn 39 to Demeter, 12Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica, 4. 987 and several other chthonic deities, such as Hecate,Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4. 148; Orphic Hymn 35. 9 NyxOrphic Hymn 2 to Nyx, 8 or Melinoe.Orphic Hymn 70 to Melinoe, 1
Chthonia was also an ancient mythical and poetical name of Crete.Stephanus of Byzantium s. v. Krētē
==References==
Category:Greek Mythology