Republican Century

===President Dewey 1949-1953===
*Dixiecrats separate from the Democratic party, forming the State’s Rights Party.
**1949-A political machine is eventually developed in the states of the Old Confederacy, including partial success in Maryland, Kentucky, Delaware, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Kansas. It effectively works to push out liberal Democratic leaders in support of those who agree with Dixiecrat ideology. After the 1952 Presidential election, almost all the Representative and Senate seats are held by State’s Rights party members, along with local government.
*1949-Dewey sends US troops into China to aid the Nationalist Chinese regime. The war is expanded further when North Korean and PLA soldiers invade South Korea.
**1950-Communist forces are pushed back to a line along the Yangtze River, while North Korea is occupied by UN forces. Indian and Nationalist Chinese forces occupy Tibet and eject the PLA.
**1951-Communist insurgents in Southern China adopt a policy of moving into French Indochina while causing as much damage as possible. American forces are held back in order to not get involved in another conflict.
*1953-Vietnamese insurgents begin an extensive guerrilla war against French military forces in order to attain independence, creating the First Indochina War.
**1953-Communist insurgents driven from Southern China by American and Nationalist troops only aggravates the situation for the French. However, support to the insurgents from the People’s Republic of China and the Soviet Union is limited due to French naval blockade of the coast.
===President Eisenhower 1953-1965===
*War in China
**Peace is signed on May 23rd, 1953.
***North “Communist” China and South “Nationalist” China are divided along a border halfway between the Yangtze and Huang Hi to the edge of Tibet.
***Korea is united under the South Korean government as the “Republic of Korea”
***Tibet is an independent nation, with its borders recognized by the signatories, and military guaranties from both the Republic of China and India. (The People’s Republic of China has refused to recognize this statement, and continues to regard Tibet as a province).
***There are to be no nuclear weapons deployed in the People’s Republic of China or the Republic of China, nor can either nation develop them on their own.
**The largest armed border in the world develops as North and South China, build fortifications along the Demilitarized Zone separating the two countries. The Republic of China, though declaring its capital to still be Nanking, moves its administrative functions to Guangzhou.
*Vietnam War
**Eisenhower allows for financial aid to French forces in Indochina, along with material weapons, but refuses to send in soldiers.
**After the French withdrawal in 1958, Eisenhower orders 10,000 marines and many military advisors in assistance of the Saigon government in Vietnam.
***By 1964, over 450,000 soldiers are positioned to initiate an invasion of North Vietnam from South China and South Vietnam.
*Negotiated a 99-year lease to build a military base near Baon. The increased US presence in Asia following the China War is attributed to Eisenhower’s decision to pursue it.
*Nixon (Eisenhower had been incapacitated at the time) launches the planned invasion of Cuba.
**Castro is overthrown, despite protests from the USSR. A Pro-US government is installed after a seven-month pacification campaign against the Communist insurgency.
*Gradual Détente with the USSR until the U-2 incident and the invasion of Cuba, after which tensions begin to rise.
*NASA
**Alan Shepard is the first man in space after a successful launch in October of 1960.
**Senator Kennedy proposes and ambitious plan to land men on the moon before the end of the decade. Eisenhower is initially skeptical, but decides to support it.
**NASA’s budget jumps to about $6 billion.
*A crisis results when the USSR begins to construct bases in North China, within Manchuria and Sikiang. The United States in response increases its presence in South China and Korea, while also building bases in Iran.
*Suez Crisis
**President Nasser of Egypt nationalizes the Suez Canal Company.
**British, French, and Israeli forces invade Egypt and occupy the Suez Canal and the Sinai Peninsula.
***The USSR threatens to become militarily involved if France, Britain and Israel do not withdraw from Egypt.
***Eisenhower pushes for the withdrawal.
**Egypt is allowed to remain in control of the Canal as foreign soldiers withdraw.
*Civil Rights Movement
**In a landmark case, Brown vs. Topeka Board of Education destroys the “separate but equal” doctrine held in the South for the last 90 years. Dixiecrats decry the decision as an infringement upon State’s rights.
***Despite the decision, not much progress is made in desegregating any of the public institutions.
**Martin Luther King Jr. leads the Montgomery Bus Boycott, protesting segregationist practices. Reforms are made as the Montgomery buses loss over 80% of their revenue.
***Martin Luther King Jr. attempted a desegregation campaign in Albany, Georgia. He, along with a large part of the group, was arrested and jailed. He was latter forced to move north after a number of assassination attempts occur while in Birmingham.
**A massive rally is held in Washington D.C. Martin Luther King Jr. calls for the desegregation of the South over the national media. In a famous moment, President Eisenhower walks up the steps of the Washington Memorial and shakes hands with King just after the speech, with the statue of Lincoln in the background.
**Other projects such as the Freedom Rides and sit-ins fail, however, as the local governments keep a tight lid on all media escaping from the South.
**James Meredith attempts to enter the University of Mississippi under the guard of US Marshals. However, he is shot and killed by an unknown gunman in the crowd, resulting in a shoot-out between the Marshals and rioters.
**Eisenhower attempted to pass Civil Rights legislation in 1957, 1960, and 1964. However, due to strong opposition from the State’s Rights Party, and general apathy within the Republican Party, all fail to pass.
===President Nixon (1961)-1965-1972===
*Vietnam War
**Nixon orders a full-scale invasion of North Vietnam, which is completed within five months of taking office.
***A full-handover is made to the Republic of Vietnam by 1971.
*NASA
**Apollo program continues with Apollo 11 landing. Though Buzz Aldrin is the first man to step upon the moon’s surface, Neil Armstrong is the first to speak from it (“That’s one small step for (a) man, one giant leap for mankind.”)
**Senator John Kennedy, along with Thomas Paine, propose a second stimulus to NASA, including funds to construct a lunar base, a space station and manned missions to both Venus and Mars. Despite Nixon’s objections, Congress overwhelmingly supports the initiative.
*Détente between the Soviet Union and the United States.
**Negotiated treaties that included test bans, minimizing of nuclear stockpiles, etc.
**Nixon had planned to visit the People’s Republic of China on July 30th 1972.
*Civil Rights
**Martin Luther King Jr. is assassinated by an unknown gunman while staying at his home in Philadelphia on July 25th, 1966.
***With Martin Luther King’s death, the peaceful wing of the movement becomes fractured.
**Malcolm X becomes the forefront of the Civil Rights movement after the death of King.
***Malcolm begins the Black Panther Party, which seeks equality for African-Americans within the United States. However, he also organizes party militias, under the impression that they are to protect black neighborhoods.
***In early 1967, a number of attacks by African-American militias against Southern white communities occur. By 1968, a full-blown insurgency has erupted among the African-American community. The United States Army is called in, and it is put down by 1971.
****Though the support among the movement, and the party itself, was relatively small among the African American population, the Civil Rights movement is pushed back a number of years due to the successful media campaign by Dixiecrats on the insurgency.
*Was assassinated on April 14th by Arthur Bremer while campaigning for re-election in San Francisco, California.
===President Lodge 1972-1977===
*NASA
**Construction of the Lunar Facility begins with Apollo 22.
**Aphrodite 1, the manned fly-by of Venus, launches on October 31st, 1973. It return on December 1st, 1974.
**Construction of Skylab begins.
*Troop levels are frozen in Vietnam at 40,000. The Communist movement in both Laos and Cambodia collapse as the Viet Cong loses strength.
*Nicaraguan Missile Crisis occurs (1974).
**Soviet Army lands in San Juan del Sur in disguised cargo tankers. In co-operation with the Sandinistas, the Somoza regime is overthrown (May 2nd-3rd).
**Long-range nuclear missiles capable of hitting Seattle and Boston are deployed (June 6th).
***US Spy-craft discover the deployment (June 15th).
***President Lodge order the military to DEFCON 3 (June 16th).
***Lodge, in a radio address to the nation, announces the Soviet deployment in Nicaragua, and demands that the missiles be withdrawn. The Soviet Union denies that any such missiles have been deployed (June 17th).
***US naval vessels blockade both of Nicaragua’s coasts, and 300,000 soldiers are deployed to Honduras and Costa Rica. 450,000 reservists are also called to arms (late 19th-20th June).
***The Soviet Union continues to deny that nuclear weapons have been deployed in Nicaragua. Before a meeting of the United Nations Security Council, the United States shows photographs taken by spy-craft, proving the deployment. Not much can be done, however, since the USSR has veto power (June 24th).
***Lodge orders the military to DEFCON 2 (June 26th).
***“Soviets blink” – General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev asks to meet with President Lodge (June 27th).
***The Treaty of Managua is signed (July 2nd).
****USSR will pull its nuclear weapons and troops out of Nicaragua.
****US promises not to intervene in Nicaragua.
****The United States also secretly agrees to pull out its nuclear weapons from Iran and Turkey.
*Civil Rights
**Jesse Jackson by 1974 had repaired the damage caused by King’s assassination, and restarts the Civil Rights movement.
***Memories of the “Riots” in the late 60’s and early 70’s prevent anything major from occurring during this period.
*Panama Canal Dispute
**Panama increases calls for the return of the Panama Canal. However, President Lodge and other conservatives, like Ronald Reagan, maintain the canal is American.
*Yom Kippur War (1971)
**Arab nations, with the support of the Soviets, invade Israel. However, several nations: USA, NATO, Korea, South China and Japan support Israel's existence.
**The OPEC threaten to cut oil exports to nations if they support Israel.
**Lodge decides to speak with leaders of Arab Nations, Israel, NATO, South China, Korea, and Japan to figure out a compromise in order to end the war while maintaining Israel's existence. He did it mostly to prevent the blockade from happening.
**Arab leaders agreed to the compromise, thwarting the Soviets' plan on the blockade.
*The Renewable Energy Act (1974) was passed because the decline in oil reserves forced nations to turn to renewable energy sources. Because oil causes air pollution, global warming, and climate change, renewable energy sources are being encouraged more and more to prevent natural disasters from happening.
===President Kennedy 1977-1981===
*Space History
**Aphrodite 2 is launched.
**Kennedy gets Congress to pass a massive bill, involving a manned mission to Mars, exploration of the Asteroid Belt, and expansion of the Von Braun Lunar Base.
**Several satellites and robots are sent around the solar system to collect data from planets.
**First mining bases set up on the Moon. Raw minerals and rare valuable metals are discovered, tripling the US GDP to $252 USD Trillion.
**USSR fails in a manned mission to the moon when the main booster detonates shortly after liftoff. This is kept secret until a successful attempt in 1980.
*Iranian Revolution
**Shah is assassinated while at the hospital in Tehran.
***Khomeini Ayatollah becomes the new leader after the revolutions success.
**American Embassy is occupied after the Battle of Tehran.
***Iran demands the withdrawal of US military personnel from Iranian territory.
**President Kennedy authorizes Operation “Eagle Claw”. It fails as several helicopters are shot down by surface-to-air missiles outside Tehran. However, most of the commandos are able to retreat to the American zone.
***Iran increases the demands to the end of all military support of Israel, and the unfreezing of all Iranian assets
**Iran releases the hostages on Dec 12th 1980, after the United States agrees to pull out of Iran, while also unfreezing its national assets.
*Soviet forces move into Afghanistan in support of the Communist government in Kabul. President Kennedy increases shipments to the insurgency, but since this is not public, Kennedy’s support drops.
*Soviets decided to support Iran as America and Iran became enemies.
===President Reagan 1981-1989===
*Civil Rights Movement
**President Reagan, along with all of the Republicans and what's left of the Democrat party, passes a massive landmark civil rights law ending all segregation and institutionalized racism in the United States. Although the States Rights Party tries to block it, this law is in affect in the South and the rest of the United States by the end of 1982.
*Space History
**Aphrodite program is discontinued after the third launch in favor of the Ceres program.
**Ares 1, the first manned mission to Mars, is launched.
**Ceres 1 is launched in 1983.
***It is to journey to the asteroid belt and collect samples; it returns in 1986.
***Ceres 2 is launched in 1988, to investigate the asteroid “Ceres”.
**Space Telescope “Galileo” is launched.
*The Soviets succeed in establishing a relatively stable government by 1983, with it being annexed as an SSR of the Soviet Union.
*Iran-Iraq War
**Saddam Hussein invades Iran, with the covert support of the United States and the Soviet Union.
**Lines stabilize along the border by 1982 as the Iraqis are pushed back.
**Fearing an Iraqi collapse, Soviet Premier Konstantin Chernenko meets with President Reagan. He suggests a joint invasion of Iran is the best way to end the threat posed by the Islamic Radicalism coming from Tehran. Reagan states that he cannot provide troops for the invasion, but they will turn a blind eye to a Soviet invasion, and will deploy naval forces to the Persian Gulf.
***Soviet Armed forces move in and occupy about one-third of Iran by 1984; Iraqi and Syrian troops have taken control of Khuzestan.
***Partisan warfare against the Soviet army peaks in 1986; Iran rejects the annexations of Khuzestan by Iraq, and Azerbaijani lands in Northern Iran by the USSR.
**The Treaty of Tabriz is signed.
***Soviet Armed forces pull out of Iran.
***Khuzestan is independent, with a referendum on its status in 1988; it would later vote to join Iraq in an election that is considered to have been highly fraudulent.
**Following the conflict, Iran begins to fund Radical Islamic movements throughout the Soviet Union and the Middle East, much to the chagrin of the Superpowers.
===President George H. W. Bush 1989-1997===
*US military presence established in Somalia after a UN police action is agreed to by the Security Council.
**120,000 soldiers are deployed by 1992.
**By 1995, a working democracy is established, and a 5000 man base is maintained in Mogadishu.
*In a meeting with Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev, both he and President Bush declare the Cold War over.
*Persian Gulf War
**Iraq invades Kuwait, and causes fear worldwide (mostly because oil supplies would be cut off).
**US sends troops to Saudi Arabia as a base to invade Iraq.
**Israeli attempt to destroy Iraq’s nuclear reactor is averted by the Iraqi Air Force.
**Iraq tests its first nuclear weapon in 1993; both the USSR and the United States demand that Iraq disarm and end their nuclear program; Saddam rebuffs their demands.
**1,200,000 soldiers from over 80 countries invade Iraq.
***Iraq is occupied by early 1994; Soviet Union is forced to withdraw due to its dissolution, later replaced by Russian forces.
***Insurgency flares up as Shi'ite militants armed by Iran begin attacking Coalition forces; Sunnis fight in support of the Ba'athists.
***Kurds begin to demand their independence.
****Kurdistan is made an autonomous region within the Turks, Syrian and Iraqi governments. Only Iran refused to co-operate on the arrangement.
*Dissolution of the Soviet Union
**USSR is forced to withdraw from Afghanistan in 1993 as Islamic insurgency intensifies. Similar insurgencies begin to appear in Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan.
**By 1994, the separatism has reached a peak. Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan had already left and formed Islamic Republics. By late 1994, the Soviet Union had completely dissolved into its SSRs.
**Russia is forced to conduct a massive pacification campaign in the Caucasus and in Central Asia against Islamic insurgents.
===President George W. Bush 1997-Current===
*Persian Gulf War
**Iraq is stable by the end of 1998, with a working democracy.
**Saddam Hussein is deposed.
**US and its coalition never occupied Iraq, thus tensions never arose.
*September -11th Attacks (2001)
**Islamic Radicals attack Moscow on foot, while hijacked jet aircraft hit the Kremlin and Saint Basil’s Cathedral. Cyanide gas is also released throughout the Metro System. President Bush is briefed, and security is put on alert.
**Islamic Radicals attack Washington D.C. on foot, occupying portions of the District. Vice President Cheney is shot and killed while being escorted out of the White House. Hijacked aircraft also hit the World Trade Center Twin Towers in New York and the Pentagon. A fourth aircraft crashed in Pennsylvania after it was shot down by the Air Force.
**After the attacks ended, both world leaders of Russia and the US try to figure out who caused it.
*War on Terror
**On September 27th President George Bush and President Alexander Lebed of the Russian Federation met to declare the War on Terror. Plans are drawn up for the joint invasions of Afghanistan, Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan.
**In November of 2001, UN forces move in and occupy Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan and Afghanistan. However, Osama Bin Laden, one of the perpetrators for the 9/11 attacks, escapes into Waziristan. Pakistan refuses the UN troops access to the region.
**In a speech before Congress in early 2002, President Bush declares that Pakistan, Iran and North China are members of an “Axis of Evil”.
**After the invasion of Iran, the new democratic governments in Afghanistan, Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan largely stabilized. Insurgencies still exist, however.
*Invasion of Iran.
**In June of 2004, it is found that Iran had been secretly conducting a nuclear program. Though the information was ambiguous as to whether it was for military or peaceful purposes, the Iranian connections to the terrorist organizations involved in the 9/11 attacks made the case.
**The United Nations Security Council approves policing action against Iran after diplomatic measures fail.
**In August of 2004, UN forces move into Iran from all directions. The nation, despite having been fully mobilized, is completely overwhelmed.
**A massive insurgency develops when members of the Basij retreat into the mountains where extra weapons have been stored.
***The insurgency has quieted, but remains a threat. The new Iranian army has taken over many of the functions otherwise worked by the Coalition.
**The 2006 Mid-Term Elections take place with the Republicans maintain control of the Senate by a 81-19 margin and the House by a 350 to 85 margin.
*The People’s Republic of China was found to have initiated a nuclear program only after their first detonation in 2007. The situation almost resulted in an invasion by South China and Korea and currently talks have stalled over disarming the nuclear weapons.
Category:Timelines