Paul Cinquevalli

Paul Cinquevalli (30 June 1859 – 14 July 1918) was a German juggler, born in Lissa, Prussia (which is now Leszno, Poland).https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Cinquevalli His real name may have been Paul Braun-Lehmann, Emile Otto Lehmann-Braun, or Paul Kestner. "Cinquevalli" was a stage name taken from the director of an Italian acrobatic troupe that he ran away and joined when he was 14.http://www.juggling.org/fame/cinquevalli/ Paul Cinquevalli was an international celebrity in his time, achieving far more fame as a juggler than any other juggler in history.https://www.juggle.org/common-juggling-misconceptions/https://www.juggle.org/object-episodes-2/ (1:15:16)https://www.juggle.org/juggling-tricks-with-coins/
One thing he was known for is his dangerous feats of strength, such as throwing a 60-pound iron cannonballhttps://www.juggle.org/confessions-of-paul-cinquevalli/ in the air and catching it on the back of his neck.http://www.juggling.org/fame/cinquevalli/playgoer.html He was also known for performing tricks using ordinary household items, which would later become associated with the "gentleman juggler" genre. (Cinquevalli isn't always considered a gentleman juggler himself, since he also performed strongman juggling tricks using other kinds of props,https://www.juggle.org/juggling-firsts-part-three-rings-hoops-and-miscellaneous/ and he didn't wear the formal attire that later gentleman jugglers would wear.)https://vaudeville.sites.arizona.edu/2023/03/28/juggling-and-jugglers-by-emilio-rodriguez-alvarez/
Before Cinquevalli, magic tricks were generally included in what people called "juggling". Cinquevalli was among those who considered juggling to be distinct from conjuring,https://web.archive.org/web/20180823190418/http://objectepisodes.com/t/the-definition-of-juggling/407?page=18 #349 not liking people to think his feats were faked.https://web.archive.org/web/20121009174020/http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/people-pages/paul-cinquevalli Because he was so famous, his preferred definition of juggling caught on, and people stopped calling magic juggling.https://www.juggle.org/object-episodes-2/ (1:12:59) 
Cinquevalli began his circus career at the age of 12, as an acrobat. He began performing juggling in 1876,https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/juggling-genius-paul-cinquevalli-180964874/ and he permanently switched to juggling as his specialty at the age of 19, after falling 75 feet from a trapeze with no safety net. He instantly became famous when he came to England in 1885.https://www.instagram.com/p/CX8Hl7esyCR/ England was where he most frequently performed until the beginning of World War I, after which he was ostracized there due to his German-sounding real name, and he retired.
==References==
Category:Jugglers
Category:Performers
Category:History