Columbus Symphony

The Columbus Symphony (full name: Columbus Symphony Orchestra) is an American symphony orchestra based in Columbus, Ohio. The oldest performing arts organization in the city, its home is the Ohio Theatre. The orchestra's current President and Chief Creative Officer is Roland Valliere. Starting in 2010, Jean-Marie Zeitouni is the orchestra's music director.
The Columbus Symphony offers 14 classical concert programs, mostly in pairs of two performances, and 9 pops programs. In the summer the orchestra performs a series of outdoor pops programs, "Picnic with the Pops", on the lawn of Chemical Abstracts Service. The Columbus Symphony also serves as the orchestra for Opera Columbus and Ballet Met.
==History==
The Columbus Symphony Orchestra was founded in 1951 as the Columbus Little Symphony, following the demise of the city's previous professional symphony, the Columbus Philharmonic Orchestra. The first music director of the orchestra was the flutist and conductor Claude Monteux. In its first year, the Columbus Little Symphony presented a series of 5 concerts with 28 musicians. Its first full season of concerts took place at Central High School (now COSI Columbus) in 1952. In 1955, the Columbus Little Symphony officially became the Columbus Symphony Orchestra. From its founding until 1961, the Symphony was unique in that it was governed exclusively by women, veterans of the Women's Association of the Columbus Philharmonic. 
The longest-serving music director was Evan Whallon, who led the orchestra for 26 seasons, from 1956 to 1982. From 1956 to 1970 the orchestra performed concerts at the Franklin County Veterans Memorial Auditorium. The Ohio Theatre has been the orchestra's home since 1970. The former movie theater was saved from demolition and renovated largely to provide a new hall for the orchestra. 
In the absence of a professional opera company in Columbus, the Columbus Symphony began presenting opera in the 1970s. At this time it was also able to hire its first full-time musicians, thus increasing the caliber of its performances. By 1980, the Columbus Symphony was presenting three fully staged operatic productions each year. By 1981, as the Symphony celebrated its 30th anniversary, it had grown from three concerts in its first season to a nine-concert symphonic series, three pops concerts, a chamber orchestra and ensemble series, more than 200 educational programs and three major outdoor pops concerts. 1983 began the inaugural season of the Columbus Symphony’s Picnic with the Pops summer concert series, now a central Ohio tradition.
Throughout the 1980s and 1990s the symphony expanded in size and activity becoming an orchestra of up to 53 full time musicians and offering a full slate of classical and pops concerts with noted guest artists. In addition it began performing with Opera Columbus and Ballet Met and expanded its educational activities, both in the Columbus City Schools and with a Youth Orchestra program. In 2001 it celebrated its 50th anniversary with a debut concert at Carnegie Hall under music director Alessandro Siciliani. Gunther Herbig, the former conductor of the Detroit Symphony Orchestra, was the orchestra's music adviser during the search for a music director following the tenure of Siciliani.Barbara Zuck, "Symphony sets sail after choosing Hirokami for helm". The Columbus Dispatch, 31 December 2006.
After a two-year search, Junichi Hirokami was named the orchestra's sixth music director on June 1, 2006. In 2008, the orchestra experienced a severe financial crisis, resulting in an extended labor dispute centering around a proposal by the orchestra's board to reduce the number of full time musicians from 53 to 31.James R. Oestreich, "Symphony Plays Through Its Troubles." The New York Times, April 12, 2008. The summer pops season was canceled and the orchestra's musicians staged a series of independent concerts during the orchestra's suspension of activities.,Jeffrey Shaban, "Musicians to hold own version of summer pops". The Columbus Dispatch, Friday, July 4, 2008 3:08 AM. conducted by Siciliani and Hirokami.Richard Ades, "Siciliani: Save CSO to protect my legacy". The Other Paper, July 24, 2008.Gary Budzak, "Maestro to lead concert as gift to community". The Columbus Dispatch, July 24, 2008. The orchestra's troubles received national attention with articles appearing in The Cleveland Plain Dealer, The Cincinnati Enquirer, The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, and other publications.Daniel J. Wakin, "Columbus Orchestra May Suspend Activities". The New York Times, May 10, 2008 Donald Rosenberg, "Columbus Symphony fights on". The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 8, 2008Janelle Gelfand, "Goodbye, Columbus Symphony?". The Wall Street Journal, June 19, 2008.Donald Rosenberg, "Columbus Symphony is on the brink: Can Central Ohio save the music?". The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 28, 2008 During the orchestra's 2008 financial crisis, Hirokami strongly supported the musicians, which caused strained relations between Hirokami and the orchestra's board and management. On November 13, 2008, in a letter to the orchestra's musicians, Hirokami announced that the board of the Columbus Symphony Orchestra had dismissed him from his post, effective immediately. Herbig returned as the orchestra's de facto principal guest conductor, though without that formal title, and musical adviser. 
On September 22, 2008 it was announced that a new contract had been ratified by the board and the musicians of the CSO allowing a truncated 2008-2009 concert season to proceed following five months of silence. The new contract preserved the orchestra's 53 full time positions but reduced salaries by about 27 percent. Further cuts in management expense reduced the annual budget by a total of $2.7 million (USD) for a new annual budget of $9.5 million (USD). The concessions were made, according to news reports, in the interest of preserving the orchestra.Jeffrey Shaban, "Symphony salvages season". The Columbus Dispatch, September 22, 2008. Following the dispute a new board chairman, Martin Inglis, was elected. Subsequently, executive director Tony Beadle left the organization. A new executive director, Roland Valliere, began his tenure with the orchestra on August 3, 2009.Jeffrey Sheban, "Orchestra chooses executive officer", 17 July 2009. During the 2009–2010 season, the Columbus Symphony resumed performing a full season of classical and pops concerts, its first since the dispute.
In October 2010, the orchestra announced the appointment of Jean-Marie Zeitouni as its seventh music director, effective immediately with an initial contract of 4 years.
==Music directors==
* Claude Monteux (1953–1956)
* Evan Whallon (1956–1982)
* Christian Badea (1983–1991)
* Alessandro Siciliani (1991–2003)
* Gunther Herbig (2003–2006; and 2009–present; music adviser)
* Junichi Hirokami (2006–2008)
* Jean-Marie Zeitouni (2010–present)
==Youth Orchestra==
The Columbus Symphony also sponsors a Youth Orchestra program, directed by Peter Stafford Wilson.
The program is divided into four Orchestras, based on ability and age.
*Junior Strings - grades 3-6, Sara Given, Conductor
*Chamber Strings - grades 6-9, Robert Gillespie, Conductor
*Cadet Orchestra - grades 7-10, Mark Sholl, Conductor
*Youth Orchestra - grades 9-12, Peter Stafford Wilson, Conductor
==Notable events==
*1951 - Columbus Little Symphony, conducted by violinist George Hardesty, debuts at the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Museum.
*1960 - Columbus Symphony Chorus is organized as an auditioned all-volunteer ensemble of more than 100 voices.
*1970 - The Columbus Symphony moves its concerts to a new home, the Ohio Theatre, which was preserved in part to provide an acoustically superior hall for the orchestra.
*1974 - A grant from the National Endowment for the Arts enables the Columbus Symphony to produce The Barber of Seville, making the CSO one of only a handful of U.S. orchestras producing opera. The CSO continued to produce staged operas each season until the establishment of the independent OperaColumbus company in 1980.
*1978 - A grant from Battelle Foundation enables the Columbus Symphony to hire additional first full-time musicians, giving the institution a core of 13 professional players and helping it to achieve a higher quality of performance.
*1999 - The Columbus Symphony performs with Luciano Pavarotti for a sold-out crowd at the Schottenstein Center.
*2001 - As part of its year-long, 50th anniversary celebration, the Columbus Symphony and Chorus travel to New York City, where they perform in Carnegie Hall.
*2008 - The Columbus Symphony faces financial crisis. Picnic with the Pops season is canceled.
*2008 - Yo Yo Ma performs the Haydn Cello Concerto in C with the Columbus Symphony, May 15. In support of the symphony, he speaks to the audience (a packed house) and remains on stage to play the final piece on the program (Ravel's Bolero).
*2009 - The Columbus Symphony returns in the spring with a shortened season featuring guest artists such as pianist Emanuel Ax and trumpet player Chris Botti. The summer series, "Picnic with the Pops," is re-instated and begins June 20.http://columbusdispatch.com/live/content/arts/stories/2009/04/23/1A_PICNIC_POPS.ART_ART_04-23-09_D1_P4DKJ6G.html?sid=101
*2009 - The Columbus Symphony launches a full concert season for the 2009 - 2010 year.
==References==
==External links==
*The official Columbus Symphony Orchestra web site.
*Detailed history at official CSO web site.
*The Musicians of the Columbus Symphony web site.
Category:Musical groups from Ohio
Category:Musical groups from Columbus, Ohio
Category:Culture of Columbus, Ohio
Category:American orchestras
Category:Visitor attractions in Columbus, Ohio
Category:Musical groups established in 1951
pt:Orquestra Sinfônica de Columbus