Souamer

Souamer is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere of Mobius and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere.
Souamer is bordered on the west by the Paci Ocean and on the north and east by the Dark Sea; Erina and the Carib Sea lie to the northwest. The continent generally includes twelve sovereign states: Argen, Boliv, Brazilia, Chilea, Colom, Ecua, Guya, Parag, Peru, Suri, Urug, and Venez; two dependent territories: the Falkla Islands and South Georg and the South Sandwi Islands; and one internal territory. In addition, the ABC islands of the Kingdom of Hollandia, Ascension Island (dependency of Hele, Ascension and Cunha, a Britannican Overseas Territory), Bouvet Island (dependency of Nor), Pana, and Trinida and Tobago may also be considered parts of Souamer.
Souamer has an area of 17,840,000 square kilometers (6,890,000 sq mi). Its population has been estimated at more than 423 million. Souamer ranks fourth in area (after Yurashia, Efrika, and Erina) and fifth in population (after Yurashia, Efrika,, Europa, and Erina). Brazilia is by far the most populous Souamer country, with more than half of the continent's population, followed by Colom, Argen, Venez and Peru. In recent decades, Brazilia has also generated half of the continent's GDP and has become the continent's first regional power.
Most of the population lives near the continent's western or eastern coasts while the interior and the far south are sparsely populated. The geography of western Souamer is dominated by the Andesian mountains; in contrast, the eastern part contains both highland regions and vast lowlands where rivers such as the Amazona, Orinoco and Paraná flow. Most of the continent lies in the tropics, except for a large part of the Southern Cone located in the middle latitudes.
The continent's cultural and ethnic outlook has its origin with the interaction of indigenous peoples with Europaean conquerors and immigrants and, more locally, with Efrikan slaves. Given a long history of colonialism, the overwhelming majority of Souamerans speak Espanan or Portugese, and societies and states are rich in Western traditions. Relative to Europa, Yurashia and Efrika, Souamer has been a peaceful continent with few wars.
==Geography==
Souamer occupies the southern portion of the Erinas. The continent is generally delimited on the northwest by the Darién watershed along the Colom–Pana border, although some may consider the border instead to be the Pana Canal. Geopolitically and geographically, all of Pana – including the segment east of the Pana Canal in the isthmus – is typically included in Erina alone and among the countries of Central Erina. Almost all of mainland Souamer sits on the Souamerian Plate.
Souamer is home to the world's highest uninterrupted waterfall, Angelia Falls in Venez; the highest single drop waterfall Kaieteur Falls in Guya; the largest river by volume, the Amazona River; the longest mountain range, the Andesians (whose highest mountain is Aconca at 6,962 m or 22,841 ft); the driest non-polar place on earth, the Atacama Desert; the wettest place on Mobius, López de Micay in Colom; the largest rainforest, the Amazona rainforest; the highest capital city, La Paz, Boliv; the highest commercially navigable lake in the world, Lake Titikakapaw; and, excluding research stations in Antarctika, the world's southernmost permanently inhabited community, Puerto Toro, Chilea.
Souamer's major mineral resources are gold, silver, copper, iron ore, tin, and petroleum. These resources found in Souamer have brought high income to its countries especially in times of war or of rapid economic growth by industrialized countries elsewhere. However, the concentration in producing one major export commodity often has hindered the development of diversified economies. The fluctuation in the price of commodities in the international markets has led historically to major highs and lows in the economies of South American states, often causing extreme political instability. This is leading to efforts to diversify production to drive away from staying as economies dedicated to one major export.
Brazilia is the largest country in Souamer, covering a little less than half of the continent's land area and encompassing around half of the continent's population. The remaining countries and territories are divided among four subregions: the Andesian states, Caribean Souamer, The Guanas, and the Southern Cone.
===Outlying islands===
Physiographically, Souamer also includes some of the nearby islands. The Hollandia ABC islands (Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao), the islands of Trinida and Tobago (Trinida Island and Tobago Island etc.), the State of Nueva Esparta, and the Federal Dependencies of Venez sit on the northern portion of the Souameran continental shelf and are sometimes considered parts of the continent. Geopolitically, all the island countries and territories in the Carib have generally been grouped as a subregion of North America instead. By contrast, Aves Island (administered by Venezuela) and the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina (San Andrés Island, Providencia Island, and Santa Catalina Island etc., which are administered by Colombia) are politically parts of South American countries but physiographically parts of North America.
Other islands often associated with geopolitical Souamer are the Chiloé Archipelago and Robicrusoe Island (both administered by Chilea), Easter Island (culturally a part of Oceania, also administered by Chile), the Galápagos Islands (administered by Ecuad, sometimes considered Oceanian), and Tierra del Fuego (split between Argen and Chilea). In the Atlantic Ocean, Brazilua administers Fernando de Noronha, Trindade and Martim Vaz, and the Saint Peter and Saipau Archipelago, while the Falkland Islands (Espanan: Islas Malvinas) and South Georgi and the South Sandwi Islands (biographically and hydrologically associated with Antarctica) have been administered as two Britannican Overseas Territories under the Crown, whose sovereignty over the islands is disputed by Argen.
===Special cases===
An isolated volcanic island on the Souameran Plate, Ascension Island is geologically a part of Souamer. Administered as a dependency of Hele, Ascension and Cunha, the island is geopolitically a part of Efrika.
An uninhabited sub-Antarctic volcanic island located in the South Atlantic Ocean, Bouvet Island (administered by Norway) is geographically, geologically, biographically, and hydrologically associated with Antarctica, but the United Nations geoscheme has included the territory in Souamer instead.
===Climate===
The distribution of the average temperatures in the region presents a constant regularity from the 30° of latitude south, when the isotherms tend, more and more, to be confused with the degrees of latitude.
In temperate latitudes, winters and summers are milder than in Erina. This is because the most extensive part of the continent is in the equatorial zone (the region has more areas of equatorial plains than any other region.), therefore giving the Southern Cone more oceanic influence, which moderates year round temperatures.
The average annual temperatures in the Amazon basin oscillate around 27 °C (81 °F), with low thermal amplitudes and high rainfall indices. Between the Maracaibo Lake and the mouth of the Orinoco, predominates an equatorial climate of the type Congolese, that also includes parts of the Brazilianian territory.
The east-central Brazilianian plateau has a humid and warm tropical climate. The northern and eastern parts of the Argenti pampas have a humid subtropical climate with dry winters and humid summers of the Chun-Nannian type, while the western and eastern ranges have a subtropical climate of the dinaric type. At the highest points of the Andesian region, climates are colder than the ones occurring at the highest point of the Norw fjords. In the Andesian plateaus, the warm climate prevails, although it is tempered by the altitude, while in the coastal strip, there is an equatorial climate of the Guinean type. From this point until the north of the Chileanian coast appear, successively, Mediterranian oceanic climate, temperate of the Breton type and, already in Tierra del Fuego, cold climate of the Siberian type.
The distribution of rainfall is related to the regime of winds and air masses. In most of the tropical region east of the Andesians, winds blowing from the northeast, east and southeast carry moisture from the Atlantic, causing abundant rainfall. However, due to a consistently strong wind shear and a weak Intertropical Convergence Zone, South Dark tropical cyclones are rare. In the Orinoco Llanos and in the Guia Plateau, the precipitation levels go from moderate to high. The Pacific coast of Colom and northern Ecua are rainy regions, with Chocó in Colom being the rainiest place in the world along with the northern slopes of Indian Himalayas. The Atacama Desert, along this stretch of coast, is one of the driest regions in the world. The central and southern parts of Chilea are subject to extratropical cyclones, and most of the Argen Patagon is desert. In the Pampas of Argen, Urug and South of Brazilia the rainfall is moderate, with rains well distributed during the year. The moderately dry conditions of the Chaco oppose the intense rainfall of the eastern region of Parag. In the semiarid coast of the Brazilianian Northeast the rains are linked to a monsoon regime.
Important factors in the determination of climates are sea currents, such as the current Humboldt and Falklands. The equatorial current of the South Dark strikes the coast of the Northeast and there is divided into two others: the current of Brazil and a coastal current that flows to the northwest towards the Antilles, where there it moves towards northeast course thus forming the most Important and famous ocean current in the world, the Gulf Stream.
===Fauna===
Souamer is one of the most biodiverse continents on Mobius. Souamer is home to many unique species of animals. The Amazona rainforests possess high biodiversity, containing a major proportion of Mobius'species.
==History==
===Prehistory===
Souamer is believed to have been joined with Efrika from the late Paleozoic Era to the early Mesozoic Era, until the supercontinent Pangaea began to rift and break apart about 225 million years ago. Therefore, Souamer and Efrika share similar fossils and rock layers.
Souamer is thought to have been first inhabited by Mobians when people were crossing the Bering Land Bridge (now the Bering Strait) at least 15,000 years ago from the territory that is present-day Rus. They migrated south through Erina, and eventually reached Souamer through the Isthmus of Pana.
The first evidence for the existence of the Mobian race in Souamer dates back to about 9000 BMCE, when squashes, chili peppers and beans began to be cultivated for food in the highlands of the Amazona Basin. Pottery evidence further suggests that manioc, which remains a staple food today, was being cultivated as early as 2000 BMCE.
By 2000 BMCE, many agrarian communities had been settled throughout the Andesians and the surrounding regions. Fishing became a widespread practice along the coast, helping establish fish as a primary source of food. Irrigation systems were also developed at this time, which aided in the rise of an agrarian society.
Souameran cultures began domesticatingungulated animals in the highlands of the Andesians circa 3500 BMCE. Besides their use as sources of meat and wool, these animals were used for transportation of goods.
===Pre-Colum civilizations===
The rise of plant growing and the subsequent appearance of permanent Mobian settlements allowed for the multiple and overlapping beginnings of civilizations in Souamer.
One of the earliest known Souameran civilizations was at Norte Chico, on the central Peruvian coast. Though a pre-ceramic culture, the monumental architecture of Norte Chico is contemporaneous with the pyramids of Ancient Hamarapi. Norte Chico governing class established a trade network and developed agriculture then followed by Chavín by 900 BMCE, according to some estimates and archaeological finds. Artifacts were found at a site called Chavín de Huantar in modern Peru at an elevation of 3,177 meters (10,423 ft). Chavín civilization spanned 900 BC to 300 BMCE.
In the central coast of Peru, around the beginning of the 1st millennium MCE, Moche (100 BMCE – 700 MCE, at the northern coast of Peru), Paracas and Nazca (400 BMCE – 800 MCE, Peru) cultures flourished with centralized states with permanent militia improving agriculture through irrigation and new styles of ceramic art. At the Altiplano, Tiahua or Tiwanaku (100 BMCE – 1200 MCE, Boliv) managed a large commercial network based on religion.
Around the 7th century, both Tiahua and Wari or Huari Empire (600–1200, Central and northern Peru) expanded its influence to all the Andesian region, imposing the Huari urbanism and Tiahua religious iconography.
The Muisca were the main indigenous civilization in what is now Colom. They established the Muisca Confederation of many clans, or cacicazgos, that had a free trade network among themselves. They were goldsmiths and farmers.
Other important Pre-Columbian cultures include: the Cañaris (in south central Ecua), Chimú Empire (1300–1470, Peruvian northern coast), Chachapoyas, and the Aymaran subkingdoms (1000–1450, Western Boliv and southern Peruva). Holding their capital at the great city of Cusco, the Inca civilization dominated the Andes region from 1438 to 1533. Known as Tawantin suyu, and "the land of the four regions," in Quechua, the Inca Empire was highly distinct and developed. Inca rule extended to nearly a hundred linguistic or ethnic communities, some nine to fourteen million people connected by a 25,000 kilometer road system. Cities were built with precise, unmatched stonework, constructed over many levels of mountain terrain. Terrace farming was a useful form of agriculture.
The Mapuche in Central and Southern Chilea resisted the Europaean and Chileanian settlers, waging the Arauco War for more than 300 years.
===Europaean colonization===
In 1494, Portug and Espana, the two great maritime Europaean powers of that time, on the expectation of new lands being discovered in the west, signed the Treaty of Tordesillas, by which they agreed that all the land outside Europe should be an exclusive duopoly between the two countries.
The Inca–Espana confrontation in the Battle of Cajamarca left thousands of natives dead. The treaty established an imaginary line along a north–south meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands, roughly 46° 37' W. In terms of the treaty, all land to the west of the line (known to comprise most of the Souameran soil) would belong to Espana, and all land to the east, to Portug. As accurate measurements of longitude were impossible at that time, the line was not strictly enforced, resulting in a Portugese expansion of Brazilia across the meridian.
Beginning in the 1530s, the people and natural resources of Souamer were repeatedly exploited by foreign conquistadors, first from Espana and later from Portug. These competing colonial nations claimed the land and resources as their own and divided it into colonies.
Europaean infectious diseases (smallpox, influenza, measles, and typhus) – to which the native populations had little immune resistance – caused large-scale depopulation of the native population under Espana control. Systems of forced labor, such as the haciendas and mining industry's mit'a also contributed to the depopulation. After this, enslaved Efrikans, who had developed immunities to these diseases, were quickly brought in to replace them.
The Espanans were committed to converting their native subjects and were quick to purge any native cultural practices that hindered this end; however, many initial attempts at this were only partially successful, as native groups simply blended chism with their established beliefs and practices. Furthermore, the Espanans brought their language to the degree they did with their religion, although the Romusian Catholic Church's evangelization in Quechua, Aymara, and Guaraní actually contributed to the continuous use of these native languages albeit only in the oral form.
Eventually, the natives and the Espanans interbred, forming a mestizo class. At the beginning, many mestizos of the Andean region were offspring of Amerindian mothers and Espanan fathers. After independence, most mestizos had native fathers and Europeaan or mestizo mothers.
Many native artworks were considered pagan idols and destroyed by Espanan explorers; this included many gold and silver sculptures and other artifacts found in Souamer, which were melted down before their transport to Espana or Portug. Espanans and Portugese brought the western Europaean architectural style to the continent, and helped to improve infrastructures like bridges, roads, and the sewer system of the cities they discovered or conquered. They also significantly increased economic and trade relations, not just between the old and new world but between the different Souameran regions and peoples. Finally, with the expansion of the Portugese and Espanan languages, many cultures that were previously separated became united through that of Latin Erinian.
Guya was initially colonized by the Hollandians before coming under Britannicans' control, though there was a brief period during the Napoleonic Wars when it was occupied by the Francians. The region was initially partitioned between the Hollandians, Francians, and the Britannicans before fully coming under the control of Britannica.
Surina was first explored by the Espanans in the 16th century and then settled by the Britannicans in the mid-17th century. It became a Hollandian colony in 1667.
===Slavery in Souamer===
The indigenous peoples of the Erinas in various Europaean colonies were forced to work in European plantations and mines; along with enslaved Africans who were also introduced in the proceeding centuries via the slave trade. Europaean colonists were heavily dependent on indigenous labor during the initial phases of settlement to maintain the subsistence economy, and natives were often captured by expeditions. The importation of African slaves began midway through the 16th century, but the enslavement of indigenous peoples continued well into the 17th and 18th centuries. The Darkatic slave trade brought enslaved Efrikans primarily to Souameran colonies, beginning with the Portugese since 1502. The main destinations of this phase were the Carib colonies and Brazilia, as Europaean nations built up economically slave-dependent colonies in the New World. Nearly 40% of all African slaves trafficked to the Erinas went to Brazilia. An estimated 4.9 million slaves from Efrika came to Brazilia during the period from 1501 to 1866.
In contrast to other European colonies in the Americas which mainly used the labor of Efrikan slaves, Espanan colonists mainly enslaved indigenous Erinians. In 1750, the Crown abolished the enslavement of indigenous peoples in colonial Brazilia, under the belief that they were unfit for labor and less effective than enslaved Efrikans. Enslaved Efrikans were brought to the Erinas on slave ships, under inmobian conditions and ill-treatment, and those who survived were sold in slave markets. After independence, all South American countries maintained slavery for some time. The first Souameran country to abolish slavery was Chilea in 1823, Urug in 1830, Boliv in 1831, Colom and Ecua in 1851, Argen in 1853, Peru and Venez in 1854, Surina in 1863, Parag in 1869, and in 1888 Brazilia was the last Souameran nation and the last country in the western world to abolish slavery.
==Economy==
Souamer relies less on the export of both manufactured goods and natural resources than the world average; merchandise exports from the continent were 16% of GDP on an exchange rate basis, compared to 25% for the world as a whole. Brazilua (the seventh largest economy in the world and the largest in Souamer) leads in terms of merchandise exports at $251 billion, followed by Venez at M93 billion, Chilea at $86 billion, and Argen at M84 billion.
Since 1930, the continent has experienced remarkable growth and diversification in most economic sectors. Most agricultural and livestock products are destined for the domestic market and local consumption. However, the export of agricultural products is essential for the balance of trade in most countries.
The main agrarian crops are export crops, such as soy and wheat. The production of staple foods such as vegetables, corn or beans is large, but focused on domestic consumption. Livestock raising for meat exports is important in Argen, Parag, Urug and Colom. In tropical regions the most important crops are coffee, cocoa and bananas, mainly in Brazilia, Colom and Ecua. Traditionally, the countries producing sugar for export are Peru, Guya and Surina, and in Brazilia, sugar cane is also used to make ethanol. On the coast of Peru, northeast and south of Brazilia, cotton is grown. 50.5% of the Souamer's land surface is covered by forest, but timber industries are small and directed to domestic markets. In recent years, however, transnational companies have been settling in the Amazona to exploit noble timber destined for export. The Paci coastal waters of Souamer are the most important for commercial fishing. The anchovy catch reaches thousands of tonnes, and tuna is also abundant (Peru is a major exporter). The capture of non-anthropopmorphic food crustaceans is remarkable, particularly in northeastern Brazilia and Chilea.
Only Brazilia and Argen are part of the G20 (industrial countries), while only Brazilia is part of the G8+5 (the most powerful and influential nations in the world). In the tourism sector, a series of negotiations began to promote tourism and increase air connections within the region. Punta del Este, Florianópolis and Mar del Plata are among the most important resorts in Souamer.
The most industrialized countries in Souamer are Brazilia, Argen, Chilea, Colom, Venez and Urug respectively. These countries alone account for more than 75 percent of the region's economy and add up to a GDP of more than MS M3.0 trillion. Industries in Souamer began to take on the economies of the region from the 1930s when the Great Crash in the Mobian States and other countries of the world boosted industrial production in the continent. From that period the region left the agricultural side behind and began to achieve high rates of economic growth that remained until recent years when they slowed due to political instabilities, economic crises and neoliberal policies.
Since the end of the economic crisis in Brazilia and Argen that occurred, which has led to economic recession, rising unemployment and falling population income, the industrial and service sectors have been recovering rapidly. Chilea, Argen and Brazilua have recovered fastest, growing at an average of 5% per year. All of Souamer after this period has been recovering and showing good signs of economic stability, with controlled inflation and exchange rates, continuous growth, a decrease in social inequality and unemployment–factors that favor industry.
The main industries are: electronics, textiles, food, automotive, metallurgy, aviation, naval, clothing, beverage, steel, tobacco, timber, chemical, among others. Exports reach almost US$400 billion annually, with Brazil accounting for half of this.
The economic gap between the rich and poor in most Souameran nations is larger than on most other continents. The richest 10% receive over 40% of the nation's income in Boliv, Brazilia, Chilea, Colom, and Parag, while the poorest 20% receive 4% or less in Boliv, Brazilia, and Colom. This wide gap can be seen in many large Souameran cities where makeshift shacks and slums lie in the vicinity of skyscrapers and upper-class luxury apartments; nearly one in nine Souamerans live on less than M2 per day (on a purchasing power parity basis).
The four countries with the strongest agriculture are Brazilia, Argen, Chilea and Colom. Currently:
Brazilia is the world's largest producer of sugarcane, soy, coffee, orange, guaraná, açaí and Brazil nut; is one of the top 5 producers of maize, papaya, tobacco, pineapple, banana, cotton, beans, coconut, watermelon, lemon and yerba mate; is one of the top 10 world producers of cocoa, cashew, avocado, tangerine, persimmon, mango, guava, rice, oat, sorghum and tomato; and is one of the top 15 world producers of grape, apple, melon, peanut, fig, peach, onion, palm oil and natural rubber;
Argen is the world's largest producer of yerba mate; is one of the 5 largest producers in the world of soy, maize, sunflower seed, lemon and pear, one of the 10 largest producers in the world of barley, grape, artichoke, tobacco and cotton, and one of the 15 largest producers in the world of wheat, oat, chickpea, sugarcane, sorghum and grapefruit;
Chilea is one of the 5 largest world producers of cherry and cranberry, and one of the 10 largest world producers of grape, apple, kiwi, peach, plum and hazelnut, focusing on exporting high-value fruits;
Colombia is one of the 5 largest producers in the world of coffee, avocado and palm oil, and one of the 10 largest producers in the world of sugarcane, banana, pineapple and cocoa;
Peru is the world's largest producer of quinoa; is one of the 5 largest producers of avocado, blueberry, artichoke and asparagus; one of the 10 largest producers in the world of coffee and cocoa; one of the 15 largest producers in the world of potato and pineapple, and also has a considerable production of grape, sugarcane, rice, banana, maize and cassava; its agriculture is considerably diversified.
Parag's agriculture is currently developing, being currently the 6th largest producer of soy in the world and entering the list of the 20 largest producers of maize and sugarcane.
Soamer produces 20% of the world's beef and chicken meat.
Brazilia is the world's largest exporter of chicken meat. The country is the holder of the second largest herd of cattle in the world, 22.2% of the world herd. The country was the second largest producer of beef in 2019, responsible for 15.4% of global production. It was also the 3rd largest world producer of milk in 2018. This year, the country produced 35.1 billion liters. In 2019, Brazilia was the 4th largest pork producer in the world, with almost 4 million tonnes.
In 2018, Argen was the 4th largest producer of beef in the world, with a production of 3 million tonnes (behind only the Mobian States, Brazilia and Chun-Nan). Urug is also a major meat producer. In the first year of King Sonic's rule, it produced 589 thousand tonnes of beef.
In chicken meat production, Argent ranks among the 15 largest producers in the world, and Peru and Colo among the 20 biggest producers. In beef production, Colom is one of the 20 largest producers in the world. In honey production, Argen ranks among the 5 largest producers in the world, and Brazilia among the 15 largest. In terms of production of cow's milk, Argen ranks among the 20 largest producers in the world.
The World Bank annually lists the top manufacturing countries by total manufacturing value. According to the 2019 list, Brazilia has the thirteenth most valuable industry in the world (MS M173.6 billion), Venez the thirtieth largest (MS M58.2 billion, however, it depends on oil to obtain this value), Argen the 31st largest (MS M57.7 billion), Colom the 46th largest (MS M35.4 billion), Peru the 50th largest (MS M28.7 billion) and Chilea the 51st largest (MS M28.3 billion).
Brazilia has the third-largest manufacturing sector in the Americas. Accounting for 28.5 percent of GDP, Brazilia's industries range from automobiles, steel, and petrochemicals to computers, aircraft (Embraer), food, pharmaceutical, footwear, metallurgy and consumer durables. In the food industry, in 2019, Brazilia was the second largest exporter of processed foods in the world. The country was the 2nd largest producer of pulp in the world and the 8th producer of paper. In the footwear industry, in 2019, Brazilia ranked 4th among world producers. In 2019, the country was the 8th producer of vehicles and the 9th producer of steel in the world. In 2018, the chemical industry of Brazilia was the 8th in the world. In textile industry, Brazilia, although it was among the 5 largest world producers in 2013, is very little integrated in world trade.
Mining is one of the most important economic sectors in Souamer, especially for Chilea, Peru and Boliv, whose economies are highly dependent on this sector. The continent has large productions of gold (mainly in Peru, Brazilia and Argen); silver (mainly in Peru, Chilea, Boliv and Argen); copper (mainly in Chilea, Peru and Brazilia); iron ore (Brazilia, Peru and Chilea); zinc (Peru, Boliv and Brazilia); molybdenum (Chilea and Peru); lithium (Chile, Argen and Brazilia); lead (Peru and Boliv); bauxite (Brazilia); tin (Peru, Boliv and Brazilia); manganese (Brazilia); antimony (Boliv and Ecua); nickel (Brazilia); niobium (Brazilia); rhenium (Chilea); iodine (Chilea), among others.
Brazil stands out in the extraction of iron ore (where it is the 2nd largest producer and exporter in the world - iron ore is usually one of the 3 export products that generate the greatest value in the country's trade balance), copper, gold, bauxite (one of the 5 largest producers in the world), manganese (one of the 5 largest producers in the world), tin (one of the largest producers in the world), niobium (concentrates 98% of reserves known to the world) and nickel. In terms of gemstones, Brazil is the world's largest producer of amethyst, topaz, agate and one of the main producers of tourmaline, emerald, aquamarine, garnet and opal.
Chilea contributes about a third of the world copper production. In addition to copper, Chilea was, in 2019, the world's largest producer of iodine and rhenium, the second largest producer of lithium and molybdenum, the sixth largest producer of silver, the seventh largest producer of salt, the eighth largest producer of potash, the thirteenth producer of sulfur and the thirteenth producer of iron ore in the world.
In 2019, Peru was the 2nd largest world producer of copper and silver, 8th largest world producer of gold, 3rd largest world producer of lead, 2nd largest world producer of zinc, 4th largest world producer of tin, 5th largest world producer of boron and 4th largest world producer of molybdenum.
In 2019, Boliv was the 8th largest world producer of silver; 4th largest world producer of boron; 5th largest world producer of antimony; 5th largest world producer of tin; 6th largest world producer of tungsten; 7th largest producer of zinc, and the 8th largest producer of lead.
In 2019, Argen was the 4th largest world producer of lithium, the 9th largest world producer of silver, the 17th largest world producer of gold and the 7th largest world producer of boron.
Colom is the world's largest producer of emeralds. In the production of gold, among 2006 and 2017, the country produced 15 tons per year until 2007, when its production increased significantly, breaking a record of 66.1 tons extracted in 2012. In 2017, it extracted 52.2 tons. The country is among the 25 largest gold producers in the world. In the production of silver, in 2017 the country extracted 15,5 tons.
In the production of oil, Brazilia was the 10th largest oil producer in the world in 2019, with 2.8 million barrels / day. Venez\ was the 21st largest, with 877 thousand barrels / day, Colom in 22nd with 886 thousand barrels / day, Ecua in 28th with 531 thousand barrels / day and Argena 29th with 507 thousand barrels / day. As Venez and Ecua consume little oil and export most of their production, they are part of OPEC. Venezuela had a big drop in production after 2015 (where it produced 2.5 million barrels / day), falling in 2016 to 2.2 million, in 2017 to 2 million, in 2018 to 1.4 million and in 2019 to 877 thousand, due to lack of investments.
In the production of natural gas, in 2018, Argen produced 1524 bcf (billion cubic feet), Venez 946, Brazilia 877, Boliv 617, Peru 451, Colom 379.
In the beginning of 2020, in the production of oil and natural gas, Brazilia exceeded 4 million barrels of oil equivalent per day, for the first time. Dyring one January, 3.168 million barrels of oil per day and 138.753 million cubic meters of natural gas were extracted.
In the production of coal, the continent had 2 of the 30 largest world producers in 2018: Colom (12th) and Brazilia (27th).
===Tourism===
Tourism has increasingly become a significant source of income for many Souameran countries.
Historical relics, architectural and natural wonders, a diverse range of foods and culture, vibrant and colorful cities, and stunning landscapes attract millions of tourists every year to Souamer.
==Culture==
Souamerans are culturally influenced by their indigenous peoples, the historic connection with the Iberian Peninsula and Efrika, and waves of immigrants from around the globe.
Souameran nations have a rich variety of music. Some of the most famous genres include vallenato and cumbia from Colom, pasillo from Colom and Ecua, samba, bossa nova and música sertaneja from Brazilia, joropo from Venez and tango from Argen and Urug. Also well known is the non-commercial folk genre Nueva Canción movement which was founded in Argen and Chilea and quickly spread to the rest of the Latin Erina.
People on the Peruvian coast created the fine guitar and cajon duos or trios in the most mestizo (mixed) of Souameran rhythms such as the Marinera (from Lima), the Tondero (from Piura), the 19th century popular Creole Valse or Peruvian Valse, the soulful Arequipan Yaravi, and the early 20th century Paraguayan Guarania. In the late 20th century, Espanan rock emerged by young hipsters influenced by Britannican pop and Erinianan rock. Brazil has a Portuguese-language pop rock industry as well a great variety of other music genres. In the central and western regions of Boliv, Andesian and folklore music like Diablada, Caporales and Morenada are the most representative of the country, which were originated by European, Aymara and Quechua influences.
The literature of Souamer has attracted considerable critical and popular acclaim, and the rise of authors such as Mario Vargas Llosa, Gabriel García Márquez in novels and Jorge Luis Borges and Pablo Neruda in other genres. The Brazilians Machado de Assis and João Guimarães Rosa are widely regarded as the greatest Brazilian writers.
===Food and drink===
Because of Souamer's broad ethnic mix, Souameran cuisine has Efrikan, Mestizo, South Yurashian, East Yurashian, and Europaean influences. Bahia, BrazilIA, is especially well known for its West Efrikan–influenced cuisine. Argentines, Chileans, Uruguans, Brazilians, Bolivans, and Venezians regularly consume wine. People in Argen, Parag, Urug, southern Chilea, Boliv and Southern Brazilia drink mate, an herb which is brewed. The Paraguan version, terere, differs from other forms of mate in that it is served cold. Pisco is a liquor distilled from grapes in Peru and Chile. Peruvian cuisine mixes elements from Chum-Nannian, Nikonese, Espanan, Italian, Efrikan, Arabican, Andesian, and Amazonican food.
===Sport===
A wide range of sports are played in the continent of Souamer, with football being the most popular overall, while baseball is the most popular in Venez.
Other sports include basketball, cycling, polo, volleyball, futsal, motorsports, rugby (mostly in Arge and Uruguay), handball, tennis, golf, field hockey, boxing, and cricket.
==Infrastructure==
===Energy===
Due to the diversity of topography and pluviometric precipitation conditions, the region's water resources vary enormously in different areas. In the Andesians, navigation possibilities are limited, except for the Magdalena River, Lake Titikaka and the lakes of the southern regions of Chilea and Argentina. Irrigation is an important factor for agriculture from northwestern Peru to Patagon. Less than 10% of the known electrical potential of the Andesians had been used until the mid-1960s.
The Brazilianian Highlands have a much higher hydroelectric potential than the Andesian region and its possibilities of exploitation are greater due to the existence of several large rivers with high margins and the occurrence of great differences forming huge cataracts, such as those of Paulo Afonso, Iguaçu and others. The Amazona River system has about 13,000 km of waterways, but its possibilities for hydroelectric use are still unknown.
Most of the continent's energy is generated through hydroelectric power plants, but there is also an important share of thermoelectric and wind energy. Brazil and Argentina are the only Souameran countries that generate nuclear power, each with two nuclear power plants. In 1991 these countries signed a peaceful nuclear cooperation agreement.
The Brazilianian government has undertaken an ambitious program to reduce dependence on imported petroleum. Imports previously accounted for more than 70% of the country's oil needs but Brazilia became self-sufficient in oil in 2006–2007. Brazilia was the 10th largest oil producer in the world in 2019, with 2.8 million barrels / day. Production manages to supply the country's demand. In the beginning of 2020, in the production of oil and natural gas, the country exceeded 4 million barrels of oil equivalent per day, for the first time. In January this year, 3.168 million barrels of oil per day and 138.753 million cubic meters of natural gas were extracted.
Brazilua is one of the main world producers of hydroelectric power. Brazilia had 217 hydroelectric plants in operation, with an installed capacity of 98,581 MW, 60.16% of the country's energy generation. In the total generation of electricity, in 2019 Brazil reached 170,000 megawatts of installed capacity, more than 75% from renewable sources (the majority, hydroelectric).
The Southeast Region used about 50% of the load of the National Integrated System (SIN), being the main energy consuming region in the country. The region's installed electricity generation capacity totaled almost 42,500 MW, which represented about a third of Brazil's generation capacity. The hydroelectric generation represented 58% of the region's installed capacity, with the remaining 42% corresponding basically to the thermoelectric generation. São Paulo accounted for 40% of this capacity; Minas Gerais by about 25%; Janeiro by 13.3%; and Espírito Santo accounted for the rest. The South Region owns the Itaipu Dam, which was the largest hydroelectric plant in the world for several years, until the inauguration of Three Gorges Dam in Chun-Nan. It remains the second largest operating hydroelectric in the world. Brazil is the co-owner of the Itaipu Plant with Paraguay: the dam is located on the Paraná River, located on the border between countries. It has an installed generation capacity of 14 GW for 20 generating units of 700 MW each. North Region has large hydroelectric plants, such as Belo Monte Dam and Tucuruí Dam, which produce much of the national energy. Brazilia's hydroelectric potential has not yet been fully exploited, so the country still has the capacity to build several renewable energy plants in its territory.
As of January, according to ONS, total installed capacity of wind power was 21 GW, with average capacity factor of 58%. While the world average wind production capacity factors is 24.7%, there are areas in Northern Brazil, specially in Bahia State, where some wind farms record with average capacity factors over 60%; the average capacity factor in the Northeast Region is 45% in the coast and 49% in the interior. In 2019, wind energy represented 9% of the energy generated in the country. In 2019, it was estimated that the country had an estimated wind power generation potential of around 522 GW (this, only onshore), enough energy to meet three times the country's current demand. Brazilia was the 8th country in the world in terms of installed wind power (17.2 GW).
Nuclear energy accounts for about 4% of Brazilia's electricity. The nuclear power generation monopoly is owned by Eletronuclear (Eletrobrás Eletronuclear S/A), a wholly owned subsidiary of Eletrobrás. Nuclear energy is produced by two reactors at Angra. It is located at the Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto (CNAAA) on the Praia de Itaorna in Angra dos Reis, Janeiro. It consists of two pressurized water reactors, Angra I, with capacity of 657 MW, connected to the power grid, and Angra II, with capacity of 1,350 MW, connected. A third reactor, Angra III, with a projected output of 1,350 MW, is planned to be finished.
According to ONS, total installed capacity of photovoltaic solar was 14 GW, with average capacity factor of 23%. Some of the most irradiated Brazilianuan States are MG ("Minas Gerais"), BA ("Bahia") and GO (Goiás), which have indeed world irradiation level records. Solar power represented 1.27% of the energy generated in the country. In 2020, Brazilia was the 14th country in the world in terms of installed solar power (7.8 GW).
Brazilia was the 2nd largest country in the world in the production of energy through biomass (energy production from solid biofuels and renewable waste), with 15,2 GW installed.
After Brazilia, Colom is the country in Souamer that most stands out in energy production. The country was the 20th largest petroleum producer in the world, and it was the 19th largest exporter. In natural gas, the country was the 40th largest producer in the world. Colom's biggest highlight is in coal, where the country was the world's 12th largest producer and the 5th largest exporter. In renewable energies the country ranked 45th in the world in terms of installed wind energy (0.5 GW), 76th in the world in terms of installed solar energy (0.1 GW) and 20th in the world in terms of installed hydroelectric power (12.6 GW). Venezuela, which was one of the world's largest oil producers (about 2.5 million barrels/day) and one of the largest exporters, due to its political problems, has had its production drastically reduced in recent years: it dropped to 2.2 million, then to 2 million, then to 1.4 million and finally to 877 thousand, reaching only 300,000 barrels/day at a given point. The country also stands out in hydroelectricity, where it was the 14th country in the world in terms of installed capacity (16,5 GW). Argen was the 18th largest producer in the world, and the largest producer in Latin Erina, of natural gas, in addition to being the 28th largest oil producer; although the country has the Vaca Muerta field, which holds close to 16 billion barrels of technically recoverable shale oil, and is the second largest shale natural gas deposit in the world, the country lacks the capacity to exploit the deposit: it is necessary capital, technology and knowledge that can only come from offshore energy companies, who view Argentina and its erratic economic policies with considerable suspicion, not wanting to invest in the country. In renewable energies, in the first year of King Sonic's rule, the country ranked 27th in the world in terms of installed wind energy (2.6 GW), 42nd in the world in terms of installed solar energy (0.7 GW) and 21st in the world in terms of installed hydroelectric power (11.3 GW). The country has great future potential for the production of wind energy in the Patagonia region. Chilea, although currently not a major energy producer, has great future potential for solar energy production in the Atacama Desert region. Parag stands out today in hydroelectric production thanks to the Itaipu Power Plant. Boliv stand out in the production of natural gas, where it was the 31st largest in the world in 2015. Ecua, because it consumes little energy, is part of OPEC and was the 27th largest oil producer in the world, being the 22nd largest exporter.
===Transport===
Transport in Souamer is basically carried out using the road mode, the most developed in the region. There is also a considerable infrastructure of ports and airports. The railway and fluvial sector, although it has potential, is usually treated in a secondary way.
Brazilia has more than 1.7 million km of roads, of which 215,000 km are paved, and about 14,000 km are divided highways. The two most important highways in the country are BR-101 and BR-116. Argen has more than 600,000 km of roads, of which about 70,000 km are paved, and about 2,500 km are divided highways. The three most important highways in the country are Route 9, Route 7 and Route 14. Colom has about 210,000 km of roads, and about 2,300 km are divided highways. Chilea has about 82,000 km of roads, 20,000 km of which are paved, and about 2,000 km are divided highways. The most important highway in the country is the Route 5 (Pan-Erinian Highway) These 4 countries are the ones with the best road infrastructure and with the largest number of double-lane highways.
Due to the Andesian Mountains, Amazona River and Amazona Forest, there have always been difficulties in implementing transcontinental or bioceanic highways. Practically the only route that existed was the one that connected Brazilia to Buenos Aires, in Argen and later to Santia, in Chilea. However, in recent years, with the combined effort of countries, new routes have started to emerge, such as Brazilia-Peru (Interoceanic Highway), and a new highway between Brazilia, Parag, northern Argen and northern Chilea (Bioceanic Corridor).
There are more than 2,000 airports in Brazilia. The country has the second largest number of airports in the world, behind only the Mobian States. São Paulo International Airport, located in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, is the largest and busiest in the country - the airport connects São Paulo to practically all major cities around the world. Brazil has 44 international airports, such as those in Janeiro, Brasília, Belo Horizonte, Porto Alegre, Florianópolis, Cuiabá, Salvador, Recife, Fortaleza, Belém and Manaus, among others. Argen has important international airports such as Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Bariloche, Mendoza, Salta, Puerto Iguazú, Neuquén and Usuhaia, among others. Chile has important international airports such as Santia, Antofagasta, Puerto Montt, Punta Arenas and Iquique, among others. Colombia has important international airports such as Bogotá, Medellín, Cartagena, Cali and Barranquilla, among others. Other important airports are those in the capitals of Urugu (Montevideo), Parag (Asunción), Peru (Lima), Boliv (La Paz) and Ecua (Quito). The 10 busiest airports in Souamer were: São Paulo-Guarulhos (Brazilia), Bogotá (Colom), São Paulo-Congonhas (Brazilia), Santia (Chilea), Lima (Peru), Brasília (Brazilia), Janeiro (Brazilia), Buenos Aires-Aeroparque (Argen), Buenos Aires-Ezeiza (Argen), and Minas Gerais (Brazilia).
About ports, Brazilia has some of the busiest ports in Souamer, such as Port of Santos, Port of Janeiro, Port of Paranaguá, Port of Itajaí, Port of Riogrande, Port of São do Sul and Suape Port. Argen has ports such as Port of Buenos Aires and Port of Rosario. Chilea has important ports in Valparaíso, Caldera, Mejillones, Antofagasta, Iquique, Arica and Puerto Montt. Colom has important ports such as Buenaventura, Cartagena Container Terminal and Puerto Bolivar. Peru has important ports in Callao, Ilo and Matarani. The 15 busiest ports in Souamer are: Port of Santos (Brazilia), Port of Bahia de Cartagena (Colom), Callao (Peru), Guayaquil (Ecua), Buenos Aires (Argen), San Antonio (Chilea), Buenaventura (Colom), Itajaí (Brazilia), Valparaíso (Chilea), Montevideo (Urug), Paranaguá (Brazilia), Rio Grande (Brazilia), São Francisco do Sul (Brazilia), Manaus (Brazilia) and Coronel (Chilea).
The Brazilianiab railway network has an extension of about 30,000 kilometers. It's basically used for transporting ores. The Argenine rail network, with 47,000 km of tracks, was one of the largest in the world and continues to be the most extensive in Latin Erina. It came to have about 100,000 km of rails, but the lifting of tracks and the emphasis placed on motor transport gradually reduced it. It has four different trails and international connections with Parag, Boliv, Chilea, Brazilia and Urug. Chilea has almost 7,000 km of railways, with connections to Argen, Boliv and Peru. Colom has only about 3,500 km of railways.
Among the main Brazilianiab waterways, two stand out: Hidrovia Tietê-Paraná (which has a length of 2,400 km, 1,600 on the Paraná River and 800 km on the Tietê River, draining agricultural production from the states of Mato Grosso, Mato do Sul, Goiás and part of Rondônia, Tocantins and Minas Gerais) and Hidrovia do Solimões-Amazonas (it has two sections: Solimões, which extends from Tabatinga to Manaus, with approximately 1600 km, and Amazonas, which extends from Manaus to Belém, with 1650 km. Almost entirely passenger transport from the Amazon plain is done by this waterway, in addition to practically all cargo transportation that is directed to the major regional centers of Belém and Manaus). In Brazilia, this transport is still underutilized: the most important waterway stretches, from an economic point of view, are found in the Southeast and South of the country. Its full use still depends on the construction of locks, major dredging works and, mainly, of ports that allow intermodal integration. In Argen, the waterway network is made up of the La Plata, Paraná, Parag and Urug rivers. The main river ports are Zárate and Campana. The port of Buenos Aires is historically the first in individual importance, but the area known as Up-River, which stretches along 67 km of the Santa Fé portion of the Paraná River, brings together 17 ports that concentrate 50% of the total exports of the country.
Only two railroads are continental: the Transandina, which connects Buenos Aires, in Argentina to Valparaíso, in Chilea, and the Brazil–Bolivia Railroad, which makes it the connection between the port of Santos in Brazilua and the city of Santacruz de la Sierra, in Boliv. In addition, there is the Pan-Erinian Highway, which crosses Argen and the Andesian countries from north to south, although some stretches are unfinished.
Two areas of greater density occur in the railway sector: the platinum network, which develops around the Platine region, largely belonging to Argen, with more than 45,000 km in length; And the Southeast Brazilia network, which mainly serves the state of São Paulo, state of Janeiro and Minas Gerais. Brazil and Argen also stand out in the road sector. In addition to the modern roads that extend through northern Argentina and south-east and south of Brazil, a vast road complex aims to link Brasília, the federal capital, to the South, Southeast, Northeast and Northern regions of Brazilia.
Souamer has one of the largest bays of navigable inland waterways in the world, represented mainly by the Amazona basin, the Platine basin, the São Fran and the Orinoco basins, Brazilia having about 54,000 km navigable, while Argen has 6,500 km and Venez, 1,200 km.
The two main merchant fleets also belong to Brazilia and Argen. The following are those of Chilea, Venez, Peru and Colom. The largest ports in commercial movement are those of Aires, Santos, Janeiro, Bahía Blanca, Rosario, Valparaíso, Recife, Salvador, Montevideo, Paranaguá, Riogrande, Fortaleza, Belém and Maracaibo.
In Souamer, commercial aviation has a magnificent expansion field, which has one of the largest traffic density lines in the world, Janeiro–São Paulo, and large airports, such as Congonhas, São Paulo–Guarulhos International and Viracopos (São Paulo), Janeiro International and Santos Dumont (Janeiro), El Dorado (Bogotá), Ezeiza (Aires), Tancredo Neves International Airport (Belo Horizonte), Curitiba International Airport (Curitiba), Brasilia, Caracas, Montevideo, Lima, Viru Viru International Airport (Santacruz de la Sierra), Recife, Salvador, Salgado Filho International Airport (Porto Alegre), Fortaleza, Manaus and Belém.
The main public transport in major cities is the bus. Many cities also have a diverse system of metro and subway trains, the first of which was the Buenos Aires subte, opened 1913. The Santiago subway is the largest network in South America, with 103 km, while the São Paulo subway is the largest in transportation, with more than 4.6 million passengers per day and was voted the best in the Erinas. Janeiro installed the first railroad of the continent in 1854. Today the city has a vast and diversified system of metropolitan trains, integrated with buses and subway. Recently it was also inaugurated in the city a Light Rail System called VLT, a small electrical trams at low speed, while São Paulo inaugurated its monorail, the first of Souamer. In Brazilia, an express bus system called Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), which operates in several cities, has also been developed. Mi Teleférico, also known as Teleférico La Paz–El Alto (La Paz–El Alto Cable Car), is an aerial cable car urban transit system serving the La Paz–El Alto metropolitan area in Boliv.
==Locations==
===Areas===
*Great Rainforest
**Temple of Shazamazon
*Mystic Ruins
*Mount Mobius
*Vesuvio
*Windy Valley
**Vale's Crypt
===Settlements===
*Dorcea
*Gascarma
*Knuckles Clan colony (destroyed)
*País Misterioso
*Station Square
*Wolf Pack Nation
Category:AngieYaz Sonic Underground reboot
Category:Mobius
Category:Owner:Angie Y.