2019 Formula One Season

The 2019 Formula One Season was the 70th season of the Drivers' World Championship and the 62nd season of the Constructors' Championship. The world championship ended in December for the first time since the was held on December 28, 1963. Lewis Hamilton won his sixth World Drivers' Championship with 413 points, 87 ahead of teammate Valtteri Bottas. won the World Consturctors' Championship for the sixth consecutive time.
__TOC__
==Teams and Drivers==
===Changes from last season===
====Team changes====
*After twelve years of using engines powered by , signed a memorandum of understanding that would see them competing with engines made by .Andrew Benson, 'Red Bull to switch from Renault to Honda from 2019 season', bbc.co.uk/sport, (British Broadcasting Company, 19/06/2018), https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/formula1/44530950, (|(Accessed 19/06/2018) However, they will not be labelled with the name of their engine supplier.
* will officially be entered as Alfa Romeo Racing for the 2019 season, with the Italian manufacturer expanding their influence as title sponsor.
**The official entry list released on the 6 February 2019 would also list Alfa Romeo as the constructor of the chassis.
==== Driver changes====
*After four years with , Fernando Alonso will retire from Formula One at the end of . He returned in in .
*Carlos Sainz, Jr. was later named as Alonso's successor at McLaren, leaving and the development programme.
*Daniel Ricciardo revealed that he would leave Red Bull Racing on 3 August 2018, seeking a new drive for 2019.
** announced their capture of Ricciardo services later on the same day.
*Pierre Gasly will depart from to join Red Bull.
*2018 FIA Formula Two Championship runner-up Lando Norris will join McLaren, replacing Stoffel Vandoorne.
**Vandoorne subsequently signed up to HWA Racelab in the ABB FIA Formula E Championship.'Stoffel Vandoorne completes HWA RACELAB’s driver line up', fiaformulae.com, (FIA Formula E, 15/10/2018), http://www.fiaformulae.com/en/news/2018/october/stoffel-vandoorne-completes-hwa-racelab-s-driver-line-up/, (Accessed 15/10/2018)
* It was announced on the 11 September 2018 that Kimi Räikkönen would leave at the end of the season, joining Alfa Romeo Racing.'Raikkonen to move from Ferrari to Sauber for 2019', formula1.com, (Formula One World Championship Ltd., 11/09/2018), https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.raikkonen-to-stop-racing-for-ferrari-at-end-of-2018.5gMxgajnOoI8wkAmowS6Gw.html, (Accessed 11/09/2018)
**Charles Leclerc was duly promoted from to replace the Finn, a deal confirmed later on the same day.
*Ferrari would also managed to place their junior driver Antonio Giovinazzi at Alfa Romeo for 2019, leaving Marcus Ericsson without a seat.
*Daniil Kvyat will return to Toro Rosso after being replaced in the middle of .
*In October 2018, it was revealed that soon-to-be-declared 2018 FIA Formula 2 Championship Champion George Russell would join , replacing Lance Stroll.
*In November 2018, Williams confirmed that Robert Kubica will compete as a full-time driver for the first time in eight years after his rally car accident.
*Alexander Albon, having finished third in the 2018 FIA Formula Two Championship, was announced as the second driver at Toro Rosso, replacing Brendon Hartley.
*Lance Stroll was officially unveiled as the second driver at the newly renamed Racing Point team on the 30 November 2018, replacing Esteban Ocon
===Mid-season Changes===
====Team changes====
==== Driver changes====
*Alexander Albon, would move up to Red Bull and replace Pierre Gasly will return to .
== Season calendar==
===World Championship Schedule===
Outlined below is the full calendar for the 2019 FIA Formula One World Championship:
===Testing===
Testing for the 2019 FIA Formula One World Championship would begin with a tyre test at the end of the season, before two pre-season tests staged at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya in February 2019.'Formula 1 2019: New car gallery, plus launch & testing schedule', bbc.co.uk/sport, (British Broadcasting Company, 15/02/2019), https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/formula1/46904065, (Accessed 18/02/2019)
No.	Test 	Circuit 	Date 	Report
1 	2018 Pirelli Tyre Test	Yas Marina Circuit 	27-28 November 2018 	Report
2 	2019 Barcelona Test 1 	Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya	18-21 February 2019 	Report
3 	2019 Barcelona Test 2 	Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya	26 February-1 March 2019	Report
==Regulations==
There were several major changes to the regulations for the 2019 season, most of which revolved around the front wing design and aerodynamics.'F1 RULES & REGULATIONS: What’s new for 2019?', formula1.com, (Formula One World Championship Limited, 09/01/2019), https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.f1-rules-and-regulations-what's-new-for-2019.2DIt7TEs9YqI8IY6mEcwsM.html, (Accessed 22/02/2019) There would also be changes to the rear wing, DRS and barge boards, all in the pursuit of increasing the amount of overtaking, as well as an increase in fuel allowance. Pirelli also made changes to their tyres, making them softer but with a smaller range of compounds, while bio-metric gloves and stronger helmets were also made compulsory in the eternal quest to increase driver safety.
===Technical===
There were to be a wide range of technical changes ahead of the 2019 season, with the aforementioned changes to the wings and barge boards the biggest revision. Other changes included the addition rain lights to the rear wing end-plates, revisions to the mirror position and size, and re-positioning of the on-board cameras.
====Adjusting Aero====
The biggest feature of the 2019 F1 regulations would be the front wings, with increased restrictions on how many winglets. The new design limited the number of elements on the wing to a maximum of seven, while also limiting the teams to two deflectors to push air over the car. It was hoped that the new design would allow cars to follow one-another better, at the expense of marginally slower lap times.'Ferrari: Cars will be ‘1.5s slower’ in 2019', planetf1.com, (PlanetF1, 17/02/2019), https://www.planetf1.com/news/ferrari-cars-will-be-around-1-5s-slower-in-2019/, (Accessed 22/02/2019)
Elsewhere there were also modifications to the rear wing, which was to be increased in size by 100mm, with the DRS slot also expanded by 20mm. These changes would effectively ensure that a car would punch a bigger hole through the air, increasing the effects of slipstreaming, while the 25% increase in DRS would also enhance the influence of the overtaking aid. There were also reductions to the size of barge boards and brake ducts, reducing their aerodynamic effectiveness, as well as a marginal increase in weight to 740 kg including the driver.
==== Safety Supplements====
There were also changes on the safety front for drivers, with the successful introduction of the Halo device in prompting further changes. Indeed, the FIA would implement a new standard for helmets, named the FIA 8860-2018 standard, which sported more ballistic materials, a ten millimetre reduction in the size of the visor, and more composite materials to enhance the effectiveness of the helmet. Biometric gloves were another innovation, which would allow the on-track medical team to get instant information about a driver's heart rate and oxygen levels.
====Pirelli Performance====
For 2019 tyre suppliers Pirelli would introduce some major revisions to their "P-Zero" tyre range, which included a reduction in the number of available compounds.Jonathan Noble; Adam Cooper, 'Pirelli reveals 2019 F1 tyre colours', motorsport.com, (Motorsport Network, 20/10/2018), https://www.motorsport.com/f1/news/pirelli-reveals-2019-f1-tyre-colours/3198252/, (Accessed 24/02/2019) Indeed, just five compounds from 2018 would survive, namely the Hard, Medium, Soft, Supersoft and Hypersoft, although only three colours would be used to identify each compound at a race weekend. The hardest tyre at each weekend would be identified by white markings, the middle compound by yellow, and the softest tyre was to have red markings.
Outlined below is the full range of compounds used by Pirelli, as they were marked during the 2019 Barcelona Tests:
Pirelli Tyres 2019	Pirelli Tyres 2019	Pirelli Tyres 2019	Pirelli Tyres 2019	Pirelli Tyres 2019	Pirelli Tyres 2019	Pirelli Tyres 2019
 	 	 	 	 	 	
C1 - Hard 	C2 - Hard 	C3 - Medium 	C4 - Soft 	C5 - Soft 	Intermediate 	Wet
The Intermediate and Wet tyre compounds and tread patterns were identical to those used in 2018.
====Weighing Up====
2019 would see an significant change in the measuring of each car's weight, with the driver's weight no-longer taken alongside that of the car. In reality 80 kg (minimum) of the 740 kg overall weight (up from 733 kg in 2018), was set aside for the driver and their equipment, with the driver's seat the only area in which ballast can be added to this 80 kg section. The car itself would therefore have to reach a minimum weight of 660 kg, before fuel can be added.
On the topic of fuel there would be an increase in the maximum allowance for each weekend, with each car allowed up to 110 kg, up from 105 kg in 2018.
===Sporting===
There were no major changes to the sporting regulations for the drivers, although there was to be a minor tweak to the point scoring rules first introduced during the season. Indeed, for 2019 the FIA would award a bonus point to the driver who set the fastest lap in the race, a rule that had last appeared in the F1 rulebook back in .Andrew Benson, 'F1 to award point to driver who sets fastest lap in a grand prix', bbc.co.uk/sport, (British Broadcasting Company: Sport, 11/03/2019), https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/formula1/47532633, (Accessed 12/03/2019) The intention of the rule was to increase the amount of interest in the latter half of the race. The fastest lap point was to apply only to drivers finishing the race inside the top ten.
Elsewhere, there would be a restructuring of the pre-weekend scrutineering procedure, with the teams themselves responsible for ensuring that their cars comply with the rules. To do this teams would sign a declaration ahead of each race weekend stating that their cars conformed to the rules, with checks by officials across the weekend ensuring that these declarations were accurate.
Outlined below is a full breakdown of the point scoring system for the 2019 FIA Formula One World Championship:
2019 FIA Formula One World Championship Championship Points Table	2019 FIA Formula One World Championship Championship Points Table	2019 FIA Formula One World Championship Championship Points Table	2019 FIA Formula One World Championship Championship Points Table	2019 FIA Formula One World Championship Championship Points Table	2019 FIA Formula One World Championship Championship Points Table	2019 FIA Formula One World Championship Championship Points Table	2019 FIA Formula One World Championship Championship Points Table	2019 FIA Formula One World Championship Championship Points Table	2019 FIA Formula One World Championship Championship Points Table	2019 FIA Formula One World Championship Championship Points Table
1st 	2nd 	3rd 	4th 	5th 	6th 	7th 	8th 	9th 	10th 	FL
25 	18 	15 	12 	10 	8 	6 	4 	2 	1 	1
Elsewhere, after the controversial end to the 2018 Canadian Grand Prix, a new procedure was introduced regarding the chequered flag. For 2019 the "official" end-of-race signal was to be a chequered flag light panel on the start gantry, rather than the fluttering of the traditional black-white chequered flag itself. The flag itself, as tradition dictated, would remain for 2019.
== Season Results==
===Testing===
Test 	Track 	Date 	Fastest Driver	Team	Time
Pirelli Tyres	Yas Marina Circuit 	Nov 27 – Nov 28	 	 	
Barcelona 1 	Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya	Feb 18 – Feb 21	 	 	
Barcelona 2 	Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya	Feb 26 – Mar 1 	 	 	
===Race result===
** : Max Verstappen () crossed the finish line in second, but received a five-second time penalty for an unsafe release in the pits.
*† : Sebastian Vettel () crossed the finish line in first, but received a five-second time penalty for rejoining the track in an unsafe manner and forcing Lewis Hamilton () off the track.
*‡ : Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes) qualified second, but had a three-place grid penalty for impeding Kimi Räikkönen () in qualifying.
*§ : Max Verstappen (Red Bull-Honda) qualified for pole position, but received a three-place grid penalty for speeding under yellow flags in Q3.
*** : Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes) crossed the finish line in third, but received a five-second time penalty for causing an avoidable collision with Alexander Albon (Red Bull-Honda).
*†† : Valtteri Bottas (Mercedes) qualified second, but received multiple grid penalties for excessive engine changes.
==Championship Standings==
===Drivers' World Championship===
The full results from the 2019 FIA Formula One World Championship will be outlined below:
|-style="background-color:Bisque"
|style="background-color:gold"|1st
|Hamilton||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|style="background-color:gold"|413
|-style="background-color:Gainsboro"
|style="background-color:silver"|2nd
|Bottas||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|style="background-color:silver"|326
|-style="background-color:Bisque"
|style="background-color:#996633; color:white"|3rd
|Verstappen||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|style="background-color:#996633; color:white"|278
|-style="background-color:Gainsboro"
|4th
|Leclerc||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||18th||||264
|-style="background-color:Bisque"
|5th
|Vettel||||||||||||||||||||16th||||||||13th||||||||||||17th||||240
|-style="background-color:Gainsboro"
|6th
|Sainz||||19th||14th||||||||11th||||||||||||||||12th||||||13th||||||||96
|-style="background-color:Bisque"
|7th
|Gasly||11th||||||||||||||||||||14th||||||11th||||14th||||||16th||||18th||95
|-style="background-color:Gainsboro"
|8th
|Albon||14th||||||11th||11th||||||15th||15th||12th||||||||||||||||||||14th||||92
|-style="background-color:Bisque"
|9th
|Ricciardo||||18th||||||12th||||||11th||12th||||||14th||14th||||14th||||||||||||11th||54
|-style="background-color:Gainsboro"
|10th
|Pérez||13th||||||||15th||12th||12th||12th||11th||17th||||11th||||||||||||||||||||52
|-style="background-color:Bisque"
|11th
|Norris||12th||||18th||||||11th||||||||11th||||||11th||||||||11th||||||||||49
|-style="background-color:Gainsboro"
|12th
|Räikkönen||||||||||14th||17th||15th||||||||12th||||16th||15th||||13th||12th||||11th||||13th||43
|-style="background-color:Bisque"
|13th
|Kvyat||||12th||||||||||||14th||17th||||||15th||||||15th||12th||||11th||12th||||||37
|-style="background-color:Gainsboro"
|14th
|Hülkenberg||||17th||||14th||13th||13th||||||13th||||||12th||||||||||||||||15th||12th||37
|-style="background-color:Bisque"
|15th
|Stroll||||14th||12th||||||16th||||13th||14th||13th||||17th||||12th||13th||11th||||12th||13th||19th||||21
|-style="background-color:Gainsboro"
|16th
|Magnussen||||13th||13th||13th||||14th||17th||17th||19th||||||13th||12th||||17th||||15th||15th||18th||11th||14th||20
|-style="background-color:Bisque"
|17th
|Giovinazzi||15th||11th||15th||12th||16th||19th||13th||16th||||||13th||18th||18th||||||15th||14th||14th||14th||||16th||14
|-style="background-color:Gainsboro"
|18th
|Grosjean||||||11th||||||||14th||||16th||||||||13th||16th||11th||||13th||17th||15th||13th||15th||8
|-style="background-color:Bisque"
|19th
|Kubica||17th||16th||17th||16th||18th||18th||18th||18th||20th||15th||||19th||17th||17th||16th||||17th||18th||||16th||19th||1
|-style="background-color:Gainsboro"
|20th
|Russell||16th||15th||16th||15th||17th||15th||16th||19th||18th||14th||11th||16th||15th||14th||||||16th||16th||17th||12th||17th||0
|}
===Head-to-head: Team-mate comparisons===
|}
===Pole Position Trophy===
The driver who scores the most pole positions over the course of the season will win the pole position trophy:
Rank	No.	Driver 	Constructor	Poles	Events
1 	16 	Charles Leclerc 	 	7 	BHR · AUT · BEL · ITA · SIN · RUS · MEX
2 	44 	Lewis Hamilton 	 	5 	AUS · MON · FRA · GER · UAE
2 	77 	Valtteri Bottas 	 	5 	CHN · AZE · ESP · GBR · USA
4 	5 	Sebastian Vettel	 	2 	CAN · JPN
4 	33 	Max Verstappen 	 	2 	HUN · BRA
===Super Licence penalty points===
For more information, see Penalty points.
Rank	No.	Driver 	Team	Points	Issues
1 	3 	Daniel Ricciardo 	 	7 	AZE (2), FRA (2 & 1), BRA (2)
1 	5 	Sebastian Vettel 	 	7 	CAN (2), GBR (2), ITA (3)
3 	26 	Daniil Kvyat 	 	5 	CHN (2), MEX (2), USA (1)
4 	33 	Max Verstappen 	 	4 	MON (2), MEX (2)
4 	44 	Lewis Hamilton 	 	4 	AUT (1), GER (1), BRA (2)
6 	18 	Lance Stroll 	 	3 	MON (1), ITA (2)
6 	99 	Antonio Giovinazzi	 	3 	MON (2), HUN (1)
8 	7 	Kimi Räikkönen 	 	2 	RUS (2)
8 	8 	Romain Grosjean 	 	2 	BHR (1), MON (1)
8 	16 	Charles Leclerc 	 	2 	JPN (2)
8 	20 	Kevin Magnussen 	 	2 	MON (1), RUS (1)
8 	88 	Robert Kubica 	 	2 	BRA (2)
13 	10 	Pierre Gasly 	 	1 	MON (1)
13 	11 	Sergio Pérez 	 	1 	FRA (1)
13 	23 	Alexander Albon 	 	1 	ITA (1)
13 	27 	Nico Hülkenberg 	 	1 	BRA (1)
13 	55 	Carlos Sainz, Jr. 	 	1 	CAN (1)
13 	63 	George Russell 	 	1 	AUT (1)
===Constructors' World Championship===
|- 
!rowspan=2 
|rowspan=2| 
| Hamilton
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
!rowspan=2| 739
|- 
| Bottas
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|- 
!rowspan=2 
|rowspan=2| 
| Vettel
|||||||||||||||||||16th||||||||13th||||||||||||17th||
!rowspan=2| 504
|- 
| Leclerc
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||18th||
|- 
!rowspan=3 
|rowspan=3| 
| Verstappen
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
!rowspan=3| 417
|- 
| Gasly
|11th||||||||||||||||||||14th|||| || || || || || || || ||
|- 
|Albon
| || || || || || || || || || || || ||||||||||||||||14th||
|- 
!rowspan=2| 4th
|rowspan=2| 
| Sainz
|||19th||14th||||||||11th||||||||||||||||12th||||||13th||||||
!rowspan=2| 145
|- 
| Norris
|12th||||18th||||||11th||||||||11th||||||11th||||||||11th||||||||
|- 
!rowspan=2| 5th
|rowspan=2| 
| Hülkenberg
|||17th||||14th||13th||13th||||||13th||||||12th||||||||||||||||15th||12th
!rowspan=2| 91
|- 
| Ricciardo
|||18th||||||12th||||||11th||12th||||||14th||14th||||14th||||||||||||11th
|- 
!rowspan=3| 6th
|rowspan=3| 
| Kvyat
|||12th||||||||||||14th||17th||||||15th||||||15th||12th||||11th||12th||||
!rowspan=3| 85
|- 
| Albon
|14th||||||11th||11th||||||15th||15th||12th|||||| || || || || || || || ||
|- 
| Gasly
| || || || || || || || || || || || ||||11th||||14th||||||16th||||18th
|- 
!rowspan=2| 7th
|rowspan=2| 
| Pérez
|13th||||||||15th||12th||12th||12th||11th||17th||||11th||||||||||||||||||
!rowspan=2| 73
|- 
| Stroll
|||14th||12th||||||16th||||13th||14th||13th||||17th||||12th||13th||11th||||12th||13th||19th||
|- 
!rowspan=2| 8th
|rowspan=2| 
| Räikkönen
|||||||||14th||17th||15th||||||||12th||||16th||15th||||13th||12th||||11th||||13th
!rowspan=2| 57
|- 
| Giovinazzi
|15th||11th||15th||12th||16th||19th||13th||16th||||||13th||18th||18th||||||15th||14th||14th||14th||||16th
|- 
!rowspan=2| 9th
|rowspan=2| 
| Grosjean
|||||11th||||||||14th||||16th||||||||13th||16th||11th||||13th||17th||15th||13th||15th
!rowspan=2| 28
|- 
| Magnussen
|||13th||13th||13th||||14th||17th||17th||19th||||||13th||12th||||17th||||15th||15th||18th||11th||14th
|- 
!rowspan=2| 10th
|rowspan=2| 
| Russell
|16th||15th||16th||15th||17th||15th||16th||19th||18th||14th||11th||16th||15th||14th||||||16th||16th||17th||12th||17th
!rowspan=2| 1
|- 
| Kubica
|17th||16th||17th||16th||18th||18th||18th||18th||20th||15th||||19th||17th||17th||16th||||17th||18th||||16th||19th
|}
== See also==
==References==
Images and Videos:
*
References:
Category:Formula One Seasons
Category:2019 Formula One Season