Croatia Airlines

Croatia Airlines Ltd. is the flag carrier of Croatia. Its headquarters are in Buzin near Zagreb, the capital, and operates domestic and international services mainly to European destinations. Its main hub is Zagreb International Airport with focus cities being Dubrovnik, Split, and Zadar. Since November 2004, the airline has been a member of Star Alliance.
== History ==
=== Early years ===
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Croatia_Airlines_MD-82;_YU-ANO,_June_1991_DTV_(5164294148).jpg|right|thumb|A former Croatia Airlines McDonnell Douglas MD-82 in 1991.
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Boeing_737-230-Adv,_Croatia_Airlines_AN0203066.jpg|right|thumb|A former Croatia Airlines Boeing 737-200 in 1992.
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Croatia_Airlines_ATR_ATR-42-300_9A-CTU_(21833697829).jpg|right|thumb|A former Croatia Airlines ATR42-300 in 2006.
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bombardier_Dash_8-Q402,_Croatia_Airlines_JP6972016.jpg|right|thumb|A current Croatia Airlines De Havilland Dash 8-400.
The airline was established on June 1991 with no planes and already with poor economic prospects. Later in 1991, Croatia Airlines signed an agreement with Adria Airways which allowed it to lease a McDonnell Douglas MD-82 to commence domestic jet services between Zagreb and Split. Croatia Airlines acquired three Boeing 737s from Lufthansa and became a member of the International Air Transport Association (IATA). As the flag carrier of newly independent Croatia, the airline launched its first international service on 5 April 1992, from Zagreb to Frankfurt.
In 1993, two new ATR 42s and two more 737s joined the fleet and representative offices were opened in several European cities and the company bought the travel agency Obzor to organize travel packages for groups and individuals. By 1994, Croatia Airlines had welcomed its millionth passenger. Later that year, Pope John Paul II flew the airline on a trip to Croatia.
In 1995, another ATR 42 was welcomed, as was the two millionth passenger. In 1996, Croatia Airlines became the first airline to fly to Sarajevo after the Bosnian War. In 1997, the airline's first Airbus A320 arrived and was named Rijeka. In 1998, another first plane of a new type arrived when the airline's first Airbus A319 joined the fleet. This airplane was named Zadar. In the same year, Croatia Airlines became a member of the Association of European Airlines (AEA). By 1999, two more Airbus jets had arrived and Croatia Airlines started selling the Boeing part of their fleet. The airline flew its five millionth passenger.[citation needed]
=== Development since 2000 ===
In 2000, two more Airbus planes arrived and an automated ticketing system was inaugurated. In 2001, the airline received maintenance and technical performing certificates from the German aviation authority Luftfahrt-Bundesamt. On 18 November 2004, Croatia Airlines joined Star Alliance.
Airbus and Croatia Airlines announced on 22 October 2008 the order of four additional 132-seat A319 aircraft, to be delivered from 2013. By March 2009, the airline also retired its fleet of three ATR 42 short-haul aircraft, after operating the type since 1993, and replaced it with a fleet of six Bombardier Dash 8 Q400s, the first of which was delivered in May 2008.
The airline carried its 20,000,000th passenger in July 2009, and has carried well over 1 million passengers annually from 2000.
Croatia Airlines and maintenance partner Lufthansa announced on 23 May 2011 the introduction of new slim-line Recaro economy seats to be retrofitted into certain A320 Family aircraft from summer 2012, increasing seating capacity by two rows.
Losses have been made for several years; in November 2012, the government announced that it would provide HRK 800m ($ 136m) for Croatia Airline to become cost-effective from 2013 on. The government is seeking to restructure the airline, which includes plans to cut its workforce by ten percent within two years and it is also looking for a strategic investor.
In February 2020, Croatia Airlines announced two new seasonal flights to Podgorica and Sofia operated by Bombardier Dash 8 Q400.
In October 2022, Croatia Airlines announced plans to reduce their fleet and replace all current aircraft with six new Airbus A220-300 by 2026. The airline decided against the competing Embraer E2 as it was able to use downpayments for a former and since cancelled order for Airbus A319s nearly 15 years ago. In November 2022, it has been stated that the airline will operate up to 15 A220 with 9 additional aircraft to be leased. In January 2023, a lease was agreed for the first six aircraft of four A220-300 aircraft and two A220-100 aircraft. The lease was concluded with Air Lease Corporation Clover based in the Republic of Ireland as the lessor.
In September 2023, Croatia Airlines sold and leased back its entire Airbus fleet from lessor World Star Aviation. Four Airbus A319 and one Airbus A320 were sold prior to the Airbus A220 delivery, starting in June 2024. In November 2023, Croatia Airlines has started retiring aircraft prior to its first Airbus A220 deliveries with the first aircraft to leave the fleet being an Airbus A319-100.
In April 2024, Croatia Airlines concluded an agreement on the lease of an Airbus A319 aircraft with the Croatian airline Fly Air41, which is otherwise a sister company to SundAir.
== Corporate affairs ==
=== Ownership ===
Croatia Airlines is a joint-stock company. Its share capital amounts to HRK 122.622 millions and is divided into 92.388 millions of ordinary shares.
 	Number of shares	Percentage
Republic of Croatia 	91,610,821 	99.16%
Zagreb Airport Ltd. 	477,121 	0.52%
Hrvatska poštanska banka for the Republic of Croatia	173,768 	0.19%
JANAF 	22,000 	0.02%
Others 	104,243 	0.11%
=== Business trends ===
The key trends for Croatia Airlines group over recent years are shown below (as at year ending 31 December):
 	2007 	2008 	2009 	2010 	2011 	2012 	2013 	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018 	2019 	2020 	2021 	2022 	2023
Turnover (EUR m) 	204 	229 	192 	196 	234 	237 	219 	218 	214 	215 	233 	236 	236 	100 	112 	210 	252
Net profit after tax (EUR m) 	0.1 	−11.9	−26.3	−20.7	−15.0	−64.7	0.2 	0.9 	1.9 	1.0 	3.5 	−10.9	−10.6	−47.5	−38.3	−18.2	2.0
Number of employees (at year end)	1,052	1,113	1,131	1,117	1,101	1,086	1,041	908 	898 	967 	962 	959 	999 	980 	920 	909 	911
Number of passengers (m) 	1.7 	1.8 	1.7 	1.6 	1.8 	1.9 	1.7 	1.8 	1.8 	1.9 	2.1 	2.1 	2.1 	0.6 	0.7 	1.4 	1.7
Passenger load factor (%) 	64.9 	65.2 	61.4 	62.0 	67.0 	69.1 	68.8 	69.2	69.7	70.7	75.2	73.5 	73.6 	49.6 	49.9 	62.0 	65.3
Number of aircraft (at year end) 	10 	10 	12 	13 	13 	13 	12 	12 	12 	12 	12 	12 	12 	12 	13 	12 	13
Sources 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
== Destinations ==
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CTN_HQ.jpg|right|thumb|Croatia Airlines head office in Buzin
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Aircraft_Hangar.jpg|thumb|Croatia Airlines aircraft hangar at Zagreb Airport
As of September 2023, Croatia Airlines flies to the following destinations:
Country 	City 	Airport 	Notes 	Refs
Croatia 	Brač 	Brač Airport 	 	
Croatia 	Dubrovnik 	Dubrovnik Airport 	 	
Croatia 	Osijek 	Osijek Airport 	 	
Croatia 	Pula 	Pula Airport 	 	
Croatia 	Rijeka 	Rijeka Airport 	 	
Croatia 	Split 	Split Airport 	 	
Croatia 	Zadar 	Zadar Airport 	 	
Croatia 	Zagreb 	Zagreb Airport 	Hub 	
Ireland 	Dublin 	Dublin Airport 	 	
United Kingdom	London 	Gatwick Airport 	 	
United Kingdom	London 	Heathrow Airport 	 	
United Kingdom	Manchester	Manchester Airport	To be announced	
=== Codeshare agreements ===
Croatia Airlines has codeshare agreements with the following airlines:
* Air Canada
* Air France
* Air India
* Asiana Airlines
* Austrian Airlines
* Brussels Airlines
* ITA Airways
* KLM Royal Dutch Airlines
* LOT Polish Airlines
* Lufthansa
* Scandinavian Airlines
* Singapore Airlines
* Swiss International Air Lines
* TAP Air Portugal
* Turkish Airlines
* United Airlines
== Fleet ==
=== Current fleet ===
As of October 2023, Croatia Airlines fleet consists of the following aircraft:
Aircraft 	In service	Orders	Passengers	Notes
Airbus A220-100 	— 	3 	127 	Converted from order of Airbus A320neo.
6 to be bought, 9 to be leased.
Deliveries from 2024.
Airbus A220-300 	— 	12 	148 	Converted from order of Airbus A320neo.
6 to be bought, 9 to be leased.
Deliveries from 2024.
Airbus A319-100 	4 	— 	144 	All to be replaced by Airbus A220s.
Airbus A320-200 	2 	— 	174 	All to be replaced by Airbus A220s.
De Havilland Canada Dash 8-Q400	6 	— 	76 	All to be replaced by Airbus A220s.
Total 	12 	15 	 	
=== Former fleet ===
Croatia Airlines formerly also operated the following aircraft types:
Croatia Airlines historical fleet
Aircraft 	Total	Introduced	Retired	Notes
ATR 42-300QC 	3 	1993 	2009 	
BAe 146-200 	2 	2000 	2002 	
Boeing 737-200 	5 	1992 	1999 	
Fokker 100 	1 	2001 	2005 	
McDonnell Douglas MD-82	2 	1990 	1991 	
== References ==
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# ^ Flight International 3 April 2007
# ^ Croatia Airlines turns 25 at EX-YU Aviation News, 12-8-2014, retrieved 1-12-2015
# ^ Croatia Airlines to acquire four additional A320 family aircraft Archived 2008-10-27 at the Wayback Machine 22 October 2008
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# ^ aerotelegraph.com (German) 5 October 2022
# ^ Jump up to:a b flightglobal.com - Croatia Airlines to operate up to 15 A220s as it places firm order 29 November 2022
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# ^ croatiaairlines.com
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== External links ==
* Croatia Airlines on Official website