Ikshvaku dynasty

The Ikshvaku dynasty, in Puranic literature, was a dynastyGeography of Rigvedic India, M.L. Bhargava, Lucknow 1964, pp. 15-18, 46-49, 92-98, 100-/1, 136 founded by the legendary king Ikshvaku. Ikshvaku, literally means "sugar cane". The dynasty is also known as (the Solar dynasty). Lord Rama belonged to the Ikshavaku dynasty. See Ramayana . Twenty-two out of the twenty-four Jain Tirthankara belonged to this dynasty. Rishabha is present in both Hindu as well as Jain mythology. Both refers to the same person. According to the Buddhist texts, Gautama Buddha belonged to this dynasty.
The important personalities belonging to this royal house are Bharata, Harishchandra, Dilīpa, Sagara,Ikshaku tribe The Mahabharata translated by Kisari Mohan Ganguli (1883 -1896), Book 3: Vana Parva: Tirtha-yatra Parva: Section CVI, p. 228 'There was born in the family of the Ikshaku, a ruler of the earth named Sagara, endued with beauty, and strength...". Raghu, Rama and Pasenadi. Although, both the Hindu Puranas and the Buddhist texts include Shuddodhana, Gautama Buddha and Rahula in their accounts of the Ikshvaku dynasty, but according to the Buddhist texts, Mahasammata, an ancestor of Ikshvaku was the founder of this dynasty, who was elected by the people as the first king of the present era. According to the Puranas, supreme preceptor of the Ikshvaku dynasty was sage Vashishta.
== Hinduism ==
In Hinduism, Ikshvaku, is the grandson of Vivasvan or Surya and son of Vaivasvata Manu. They ruled from the Kosala Kingdom, today known as Awadh in the state of Uttar Pradesh along the banks of river Sarayu with saketa, Ayodhya today as their capital. Ikshvaku is the first king who executed the Manusmrti or religious rules of Hindu living which were composed by his father Manu. Ikshvaku, ruled as Monarch at the beginning of the Satya Yuga or First yuga, had hundred sons. His estates descended to his eldest son Vikukshi.http://www.gloriousindia.com/history/dynasties/ikshvaku/ikshvaku.html
=== Ikshvaku dynasty lineage ===
The lists of kings of or dynasty are found in the Ramayana, the Mahabharata, the Harivamsha and the Puranas. The Raghuvamsha of Kalidasa also mentions the names of the kings of this dynasty.
==== The Suryavanshi Kings ====
The genealogy of the Ikshvaku dynasty to Rama is mentioned in the Ramayana in two lists . The only difference between the two lists is that, Kukshi is mentioned only in the second list . In the first list, Vikukshi is mentioned as the son of Ikshvaku. The genealogy is as follows:
Brahma
Marichi
Kashyapa
Vivasvan or Surya
# Vaivasvata Manu
The begin Of Ikshwaku Dynasty
# Vivasvan Manu (wife:- Shraddha)
#Ikshvaku
# Bharata :- Bharata is the son of King Rishabha, the first king of the Ikshvaku dynasty and founder of the Sun Dynasty (Suryavansha). Among the hundred sons of king Ikshvaku, Bharata is the eldest one. Because he has very broad chest of a warrior, he was also called as Kushki.
# Vikukshi (Shashad) (he who eats the meat of a rabbit so he named Shashad) (contemporary to King Pururava who was founder of Chandravansh) 
# Baan (contemporary to 2nd Chandravanshi King Aayu & Vijaya-1)
# Kakutstha (Puranjaya or Indrahomi or Indravahu) ruled 10,900 years (contemporary to 2nd Chandravanshi King Aayu)
# Anena (Anaranya or Suyodhana) (contemporary to 3rd Chandravanshi King Nahusha) 
# Prithu (contemporary to 4th Chandravanshi King Yayati and demon king Vrushaparva)
# Vishvarandhri (Vishvagandhi or Vishvamshaha) (contemporary to 5th Chndravanshi King Yadu, Puru, Dhrushyu)
# Chandra (Aayu in Agni Puran or Indu in Matsya Puran or Aadra in Vishnu Puran) 
# Yuvanashva-1
# Shashvat (Shravant of Vishnu Puran, Harivansh Puran, Agni Puran) who built town Saraswati
# Brihadasva
# Kuvalayasva (or) Dubdhunara (21,000 sons and Here time duration is many thousands years long)
# Dridhasva, Kapilashva, Bhadrashva (Dand in Agni Puran & Matsya Puran, Chandrashva in Vishnu Puran & Harivansh Puran)
# Pramod
# Haryasva (Pramodak or Vayarshvah in Vishnu Puran)
# Nikumbha
# Baharnashva (Shanhatashva in Agni Puran, Matsya Puran, Harivasnh Puran)
# Giritashva
# Krisasva (Akrutashva in Agni Puran, Matsya Puran)
# Prasenajit-1 (Seinya Jeet, Ranashva in Agni Puran)gave his daughter Renuka to sage jamadagni. (Contemporary to Chandravanshi King Thamsu(1)) 
# Yuvanashva(2) 
# Mandhata (Chakravarti Samrat) killed by Lavanasura in Mathura (He defeated Ravana). Conquered the Druhyus and vanquished Nriga, Marutta, Jaya, Suna, Sudhanwan, Angara, Gaya and Asita. (contemporary to Chandravanshi King Gandhara who was founder of Gandhara Kingdom, Shakuni born 95 generation after King Gandhara, Yadava King Sashabindu, Shahashtra Bahu Kartivirya Arjuna and God Parashurama)
# Purukutsha (married with Narmada), Ambarisha (adopted by Yuvanashva), Muchukanda (helped Deva in Deva-Asur War & latter he killed Kaal Yavan by fire from his eyes at the time of Sri Krishna Avatara in end of Dwaparayuga) 
# Vasud 
# Trayadasyu (Sambhuti in Agni Puran)
# Sambhrut (Vishnu Puran, Agni Puran, Matsya Puran). 
# Anaranya-1 (killed by Ravana, Anaranya cursed Ravana that one day one king of Ikshvaku line age will kill Ravana & Sri Rama killed Ravana).
# Pushadashva (Vishnu Puran)
# Haryasva(2)
# Sumana (Sudhanava in Harivansh Puran, Vasuman, Paarjitar)
# Tridhanva (Vishvamitra was chief minister in his court)
# Thrayaruni
# Tribandhan
# Satyavrata (or) Trishanku
# Harishchandra 
# Rohit (Rohitashva) (Kanyakubj or Kannauj dynasty ended during Rohitashva's reigned)
# Harita (Haritashva) 
# Champ (Chunchu) Contemporary To Chandravanshi King Dushyant)
# Sudeva (Chakshu in Vishnu Puran, Agni Puran) (Contemporary to Chakravarthi Samrat Bharata)
# Vijaya 
# Bharuk (Ruruk in Vishnu Puran, Harivansh Puran)
# Pratapendra 
# Bruk 
# Sushandhi 
# Bahuk (Contemporary to Sage Vithatha who was the son of Sage Bharadwaja)
# Bharat (Ramayana)
# Asit (Kalinda in Ramayana)
# Sagara (Chakravartin Samrat) he ended Haihaya Dynasty. Sagar had 60,000 sons but only Asamanjash lived.
# Asamanjash 
# Anshumaan 
# Dilīpa
# Bhagiratha (He brought river Ganga on earth)
# Srutha
# Kukutsa-2
# Raghu-1 
# Naabh (Nabhag in Matsya Puran, Harivansh Puran) 
# Ambarisha(2) (great devotee of God Maha Vishnu) 
# Shindhudwip
# Avyutayu (Shrutayu in Agni Puran)
# Rituparna
# Sarvakama (Sarvakarma, Aartupani in Harivansha Puran)
# Sudas (contemporary to King Kuru-2)
# Saudasa (or) Kalmashapada (married to Madayanti) (Contemporary to Chandravanshi King Magadha who founded Magadha Kingdom)
# Asmaka 
# Mulaka (Naari Kavacha) 
# Dasharatha-1 
# Adwil (Ilabil in Vishnu Puran) 
# Vishvamashaha (Contemporary to Chandravanshi King Hasthi Who Founded Hasthinapura)
# Anaranya-2 (Contemporary to Chandravanshi King Shibi)
# Nidhn (Contemporary to Chandravanshi Kings Madra, Kekaya who were the founders of Madra & Kekaya Kingdom and King Ajamida(2) who founded Panchala Kingdom)
# Animitra
# Dululaha (Harivansh Puran)
# Khatvanga
# Dilipa(2) (in Vishnu Puran, Harivansh Puran)
# Raghu-2 (Chakravartin Samrat) (Raghuvansh, Raghava, Raghuvir word use in honour of this king)
# Aja (married to Indumati). (Contemporary to Chandravanshi Kings Vidarbha who founded Vidarbha Kingdom and Ashwapati of kekaya )
# Dasharatha was of age 60,000 years when Sri Rama born mentioned in Valmiki Ramayana (contemporary to Videha King Siradwaja (Janaka-2) father of Seeta, Chandravanshi Kings Romapada and Kratha)
# Rama ruled 11,000 years mentioned in Valmiki Ramayana, Vishnu Purana, Harivansha Puran, Agni Puran, Srimad Bhagavat Maha Puran (Lakshmana, Bharata & Shatrughna are his siblings and they are also avatar of lord Vishnu).
(Contemporary to Yadava King Kunti who was the ancestor of Kuntibhoja and Chandravanshi King Vidhuratha(1)). In the Ramayana, we find that, Lava and Kusha were the sons of Rama.
===== Suryavanshi Kings after Rama =====
The Puranas provide a genealogical list from Kusha to Brihadbala, who was killed by Abhimanyu in the Mahabharata war. This list is corroborated by the Raghuvamsha till Agnivarna:
 from Sri Rama to Brihadbalam 36 generation were passed in ikshvakuvansha. Average lifespan of Ikshvakuvanshi Kings in Dwaparayuga was 24,682 years. Maximum Lifespan of human became 200 years in last 400 years of Dwaparayuga.
==== Suryavanshi Kings after Mahabharatha ====
The Puranas also provide the list of the kings from Brihadbala to the last ruler Sumitra. But these lists mention Shakya as an individual, and incorporate the names of Shakya, Shuddodhana, Siddhartha (Gautama Buddha) and Rahula between Sanjaya and Prasenajit. The names of the kings are:Misra, V.S. (2007). Ancient Indian Dynasties, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-413-8, pp.283-8, 384
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117 Brihatkshaya (or Bruhadrunam)
118 Urukriya (or Gurukshep)
119 Vatsavyuha
120 Prativyoma
121 Bhaanu
122 Divakara (or Divak)
123 Veer Sahadeva
124 Brihadashva-2
125 Bhanuratha (or Bhanumaan)
126 Pratitashva
127 Supratika
128 Marudeva
129 Sunakshatra
130 Pushkara (or Kinnara)
131 Antariksha
132 Suvarna (or Sutapaa)
133 Sumitra (or Amitrajit)
134 Bruhadaraaj (Okkaka)
135 Barhi (Okkamukha)
136 Kritanjaya (Sivisamjaya)
137 Ranajjaya (Sihassara)
138 Sanjaya (Mahakoshala or Jayasena) 
139 Shakya (Sihahanu)
140 Śuddhodana (ruler of Shakya Republic of Kapilavastu)
141 Siddhartha (or Gautama Buddha) (B.C.E. 1887-B.C.E. 1807)
142 Rāhula, the only son of Gautam Buddha
143 Prasenajit (Born in B.C.E. 1860: when Siddhartha was of age 27 years)
144 Kshudraka (or Kuntala)
145 Ranaka (or Kulaka)
146 Suratha
147 Sumitra
King Sumitra was Last ruler of Ikshvakuvansh/Suryavansha. He was defeated and driven out from Ayodhya.
==In Buddhist tradition==
The Buddhist text, Mahavamsa (II, 1-24) traces the origin of the Shakyas to king Okkaka (Pali equivalent to Sanskrit Ikshvaku) and gives their genealogy from Mahasammata, an ancestor of Okkaka. This list comprises the names of a number of prominent kings of the Ikshvaku dynasty, namely, Mandhata and Sagara.Law, B.C. (1973). Tribes in Ancient India, Bhandarkar Oriental Series No.4, Poona: Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, p.246 The genealogy according to the Mahavamsa is as follows:Misra, V.S. (2007). Ancient Indian Dynasties, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-413-8, p.286
# Okkaka
# Okkamukha
# Sivisamjaya
# Sihassara
# Jayasena
# Sihahanu
# Suddhodana
# Siddhartha (Gautama Buddha)
# Rahula
==In Jain tradition==
rthankara]]s were born in this dynasty.
*Origin
**Rishabhanatha (son of King Nabhi), the founder of Jainism in the present Avasarpani era (descending half time cycle as per Jain cosmology) is said to have founded the Ikshvaku dynasty. The name for the Ikshvaku dynasty comes from the word ikhsu (sugarcane), another name of Rishabhanatha, because he taught people how to extract ikshu-rasa (sugarcane-juice).
** Bharata Chakravarti (first Chakravartin) and Bahubali (first Kamadeva), sons of Rishabha
**Arkakirti and Marichi, son of Bharata
*at the time of Ajitanatha
**Jitashatru (father of Ajitanatha) and his younger brother Sumitra (father of Sagara)
**Ajitanatha (the 2nd Tirthankara) and Sagara (2nd Chakravartin)
**Janhu (eldest son of Sagara), the one who flooded village of Nagas with waters of Ganga leading to turning of sixty thousand sons of Sagara into ashes by Jawalanprabha (emperor of Nagas)
**Bhagiratha (eldest grandson of Sagara)
*at the time of Sambhavanatha
**Jitari (father of Sambhavanatha)
**Sambhavanatha, the 3rd Tirthankara
*at the time of Abhinandananatha
**Sanvara (father of Abhinandananatha)
**Abhinandananatha, the 4th Tirthankara
*at the time of Sumatinatha
**Megha (father of Sumatinatha)
**Sumatinatha, the 5th Tirthankara
*at the time of Padmaprabha
**Sidhara (father of Padmaprabha)
**Padmaprabha, the 6th Tirthankara
*at the time of Suparshvanatha
**Pratishtha (father of Suparshvanatha)
**Suparshvanatha, the 7th Tirthankara
*at the time of Chandraprabha
**Mahasena (father of Chanraprabha)
**Chandraprabha, the 8th Tirthankara
*at the time of Pushpadanta
**Sugriva (father of Pushpadanta)
**Pushpadanta, the 9th Tirthankara
*at the time of Shitalanatha
**Dridharatha (father of Shitalnatha)
**Shitalanatha, the 10th Tirthankara
*at the time of Shreyanasanatha
**Vishnu (father of Shreyanasanatha)
**Shreyanasanatha, the 11th Tirthankara
*at the time of Vasupujya
**Vasupujya (father of Tirthankara Vasupujya)
**Vasupujya, the 12th Tirthankara
*at the time of Vimalanatha
**Kritavarma (father of Vimalanatha)
**Vimalanatha, the 13th Tirthankara
*at the time of Anantanatha
**Simhasena (father of Anantanatha)
**Anantanatha, the 14th Tirthankara
*at the time of Dharmanatha
**Bhanu (father of Dharmanatha)
**Dharmanatha, the 15th Tirthankara
*at the time of Shantinatha
**Visvasena (father of Shantinatha)
**Shantinatha, the 16th Tirthankara and 5th Chakravarti
** Chakrayudha, son of Shantinatha
** Kuruchandra, son of Chakrayudha
*at the time of Kunthunatha
**Sura (father of Kunthunatha)
**Kunthunatha, the 17th Tirthankara and 6th Chakravarti
*at the time of Aranatha
**Sudarsana (father of Aranatha)
**Arahnatha, the 18th Tirthankara and 7th Chakravarti
*at the time of Mallinatha
**Kumbha (father of Mallinatha)
**Māllīnātha, the 19th Tirthankara
*at the time of Munisuvrata (Munisuvrata himself was not from Ikshvaku, but Harivamsa)
**Dasharatha (father of Rama)
**Rama, Lakshmana, Bharata, Shatrughna
**Luv and Kusha (twin sons of Rama)
*at the time of Naminatha
**Vijaya (father of Naminatha)
**Naminatha, the 21st Tirthankara
*at the time of Parshvanatha
**Asvasena (father of Parshvanatha)
** Neminath, the 22nd Tirthankara.
**Parshvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara
*at the time of Mahavira
**Siddhartha (father of Mahavira)
**Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara
==See also==
* Kshatriya
* Koliya
* Suryavansh
* Raghuvanshi
==References==
===Citations===
===Sources===
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Category:Hindu dynasties
Category:Jain dynasties
Category:Vedic period
Category:Kingdoms in the Mahabharata
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