413 series

The 413 series is a Japanese dual-voltage suburban electric multiple unit operated by the Japanese National Railways and its successor the West Japan Railway Company from March 1986 to March 2021. The 413 series sets are mainly used on suburban services around the Kanazawa region.
==History==
The 413 series sets, along with the very similar 717 series sets, were rebuilt from older 457 series sets from 1986 to 1989 as an improved type of train that could be used on suburban services in the Sendai and Kyushu region. A total of forty-six cars were built, split into ten three-car sets and eight two-car sets.
The first set, B01, was introduced on 3 March 1986, with subsequent sets introduced over the coming years; the sets are stationed at Kagoshima Depot. Five sets, namely B01, B02, B03, B07 and B10, were transferred to the Ainokaze Toyama Railway in March 2015, which left the remaining six sets under JR West's ownership. B06 was transferred to the Echigo Tokimeki Railway and renumbered W01.
The remaining JR West sets were retired from service on 12 March 2021, one day before the introduction of the revised timetable for that year.
==Design==
The 413 series' body design is very similar to trains of the era, such as the 415, 417, 711, 713 series and 717 series sets.
==Specifications==
Construction is of steel. Each car is 20 meters long. The 413 series sets use resistor-controlled traction motors, which would have been deemed obsolete at the time due to the advent of the variable frequency drive.
==Preservation==
The following 413 series cars have been preserved:
Car number	Manufacturer 	Date manufactured	Date retired	Previous sets	Location 	Notes
KuHa 412-6	Kawasaki Heavy Industries	January 1962 	March 2021 	B6 	Naoetsu D51 Rail Park, Niigata, Japan	Ex-KuHa 451-40, repainted into livery matching W01
==See also==
*717 series, very similar EMUs used for a very similar purpose
==References==
*Wikipedia.org
Category:JR Group trains
Category:Electric trainsets
Category:Matsutō Works locomotives