The Aristocats (1970)

The Aristocats (also stylized as The AristoCats) is a 1970 animated film produced by Walt Disney Productions and released on December 24, 1970. The 20th animated feature in the Disney Animated Canon, the film is based on a story by Tom McGowan and Tom Rowe, and revolves around a family of aristocratic cats, and how an alley cat acquaintance helps them after the butler Edgar catnaps them to gain his mistress' fortune, which was meant to go to them. The title is a pun on the word aristocrats. The film's basic idea — an animated romantic musical comedy about talking cats in France — had previously been used in the UPA animated feature Gay Purr-ee.
Disney began production of a sequel, The Aristocats II, in December 2005, set to release in 2007, but production was cancelled in early 2006.
The film is noted for being along with The Jungle Book (1967) the last film project to be approved by Walt Disney himself, as he died in late 1966, ten months before the film was released. While the film gained overall favorable reviews and a solid box office performance, it did not match the earlier success of 101 Dalmatians or The Jungle Book. Today, while the film is very iconic, it is seen as a modest success by the Disney company.
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The Aristocats is a 1970 American animated romantic musical comedy film produced by Walt Disney Productions and directed by Wolfgang Reitherman. The 20th Disney animated feature film, the film is based on a story by Tom McGowan and Tom Rowe, and revolves around a family of aristocratic cats, and how an alley cat acquaintance helps them after a butler has kidnapped them to gain his mistress's fortune which was intended to go to them. The film features the voices of Phil Harris, Eva Gabor, Hermione Baddeley, Dean Clark, Sterling Holloway, Scatman Crothers, and Roddy Maude-Roxby.
In 1962, The Aristocats project began as an original script for a two-part live-action episode for Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color, developed by writers Tom McGowan and Tom Rowe and producer Harry Tytle. Following two years of re-writes, Walt Disney suggested the project would be more suitable for an animated film, and placed the project in turnaround as The Jungle Book (1967) advanced into production. When The Jungle Book was nearly complete, Disney appointed Ken Anderson to develop preliminary work on The Aristocats, making it the last film project to be approved by Disney personally before his death in December 1966. Longtime Disney collaborators Robert and Richard Sherman composed multiple songs for the film, though only two made it in the finished product.
The Aristocats was released on December 24, 1970, to generally positive reviews from film critics. It was also a commercial success. A live-action remake is currently in development.
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The Aristocats is a 1970 Walt Disney animated feature film about a butler who attempts to attain the fortune of Madame Adelaide Bonfamille after discovering that she has left it to her cats, Duchess and the three kittens.
== Plot ==
In Paris 1910, mother cat Duchess and her three kittens, Berlioz, Marie, and Toulouse, live with retired opera diva Madame Adelaide Bonfamille, and her English butler, Edgar. One day while preparing her will with lawyer Georges Hautecourt, Madame declares her fortune to be left to her cats until their deaths, and thereafter to Edgar. Edgar hears this through a speaking tube and plots to eliminate the cats. Therefore, he sedates the cats by putting sleeping pills in a milk mixture intended for them, and enters the countryside to abandon them. There, he is ambushed by two hounds named Napoleon and Lafayette, and the cats are stranded in the countryside, while Madame Adelaide, Roquefort the mouse and Frou-Frou the horse discover their absence.
In the morning, Duchess meets an alley cat named Thomas O'Malley, who offers to guide her and the kittens to Paris. The group briefly hitchhikes in a milk truck before being chased off by the driver. Later, while crossing a railroad trestle, the cats narrowly avoid an oncoming train, but Marie falls into a river and is saved by O'Malley, who in turn has to be rescued himself by two English geese, Amelia and Abigail Gabble, who accompany the cats to Paris. Edgar returns to the country to retrieve his possessions from Napoleon and Lafayette, as the only evidence that could incriminate him.
Travelling across the rooftops of the city, the cats meet O'Malley's friend Scat Cat and his musicians, who perform the song "Ev'rybody Wants to Be a Cat". After the band has departed, O'Malley and Duchess converse on a nearby rooftop while the kittens listen at a windowsill. Here, Duchess' loyalty to Madame prompts her to decline O'Malley's proposal of marriage. Duchess and the kittens return to Madame's mansion, but Edgar places them in a sack and prepares to ship them to Timbuktu; They direct Roquefort to retrieve O'Malley. He does so, and O'Malley returns to the mansion, instructing Roquefort to find Scat Cat and his gang. The alley cats and Frou-Frou fight Edgar, while Roquefort frees Duchess and the kittens. At the end of the fight, Edgar is locked in his own packing-case and sent to Timbuktu himself, never to be seen again. Madame Adelaide's will is rewritten to exclude Edgar, with Madame remaining ignorant of the reason for Edgar's departure. After adopting O’Malley into the family, Madame establishes a charity foundation housing Paris' stray cats (represented by Scat Cat and his band, who reprise their song).
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The year is 1910. On an autumn day in Paris, a mother cat named Duchess and her three kittens ― Marie, Berlioz and Toulouse ― live in the mansion of retired opera singer Madame Adelaide Bonfamille, along with her English butler, Edgar Balthazar. She early on settles her will with her lawyer, Georges Hautcourt - an aged, eccentric old friend of hers - stating that she wishes the "faithful" Edgar to look after her beloved cats until they die. Only then will he inherit the fortune himself. Edgar hears this from his own room and believes he will be dead before he inherits Madame Adelaide's fortune, and so plots to remove the cats from a position of inheritance (clearly not thinking about how he would be essentially in control of the fortune, despite having to take good care of them).
Edgar sedates the cats by putting an entire bottle of sleeping pills into their food and then heads out into the French countryside to dispose of them. However, two hound dogs named Napoleon and Lafayette attack him. After the conflict, Edgar escapes, leaving behind his umbrella, hat, the cats' bed basket and the sidecar of his motorcycle in the process. The cats are left alone and afraid in the countryside, while Madame Adelaide, Roquefort the Mouse and Frou Frou the horse discover their absence. In the morning, Duchess meets an alley cat named Thomas O'Malley, who offers to guide her and the kittens to Paris.
They have a struggle returning to the city, briefly hitchhiking on the back of a milk cart before being unfortunately chased off by the driver. Marie subsequently falls into a river after a train roars down the tracks and is saved by O'Malley. They then meet a pair of British white geese, Abigail and Amelia Gabble, who are traveling to Paris. The group heads off leaving the countryside, marching like geese, until they reach Paris and come across the girls' drunken Uncle Waldo. Abigail and Amelia then depart to take Waldo home. Traveling across the rooftops of the city, the cats meet Scat Cat and his band, close friends to O'Malley, who perform the song "Everybody Wants to Be a Cat". After the band has departed and the kittens lie in bed, O'Malley and Duchess spend the evening on a nearby rooftop and talk, while the kittens listen at a windowsill. The subject of their conversation is the question of whether Duchess can stay and be with Thomas.
Reluctantly, Duchess sadly turns him down, largely out of loyalty to Madame Adelaide, pointing out that Madame really does love her and her kittens - some cuts to Madame Adelaide show that she truly is very unhappy without her cats and feeling very much alone. The listening kittens are disappointed, although they too wish to go home, but are very sad that they've got to say goodbye to Thomas (even Berlioz goes as far as to say that they almost had a father). Edgar, meanwhile, retrieves his sidecar, umbrella, and hat from Napoleon and Lafayette with some difficulty.
The cats make it back to the mansion, after which O'Malley departs sadly after he and Duchess have a heartfelt farewell moment. Edgar sees Duchess and Kittens coming and suddenly captures them, places them in a sack, and briefly hides them in the oven. The cats tell Roquefort to pursue O'Malley and get help. He does so, at which point O'Malley races back to the mansion, ordering Roquefort to find Scat Cat and his gang. Edgar places the cats in a trunk which he plans to send to Timbuktu, Africa, so they can never come back. O'Malley, Scat Cat and his gang, and Frou-Frou all fight Edgar, while Roquefort frees Duchess and kittens. In the end, Edgar is tipped into the trunk, locked inside, and is sent to Timbuktu himself. Madame Adelaide's will is rewritten to exclude Edgar and include O'Malley. She starts a charity foundation providing a home for all of Paris' stray cats. To which most of the major characters come, the grand opening thereof features Scat Cat's band, who perform a reprise of "Everybody Wants to Be a Cat". Napoleon and Lafayette join in the party but realize it sounds like the end; the words "The End" hit Napoleon on the head, then he ducks down saying the line while it shows itself on-screen, the cats finish their song with a happy ending while the "The End" title card dances, then Toulouse says his final line "Oh Yeah" from earlier on just as the movie officially ends fading black showing "Walt Disney Productions" under "The End".
== Production ==
=== Story development ===
On December 9, 1961, Walt Disney suggested that Harry Tytle and Tom McGowan find some animal stories to adapt as a two-part live-action episode for the Wonderful World of Color television program. By New Year's 1962, McGowan had found several stories including a children's book about a mother cat and her kittens set in New York City. However, Tytle felt that a London location had added a significant element to One Hundred and One Dalmatians and suggested setting the story of the cats in Paris. Following a rough storyline, the story became about two servants—a butler and a maid—who were in line to inherit a fortune of an eccentric mistress after the pet cats died and focused on their feeble and foolish attempts to eliminate the felines. Boris Karloff and Francoise Rosay were in mind to portray the butler and the distressed Madame. A subplot centered around a mother cat hiding her kittens to keep them out of danger in a variety of different homes and locales around Paris, France. During the filming of Escapade in Florence, McGowan brought him the story that had been written by Tom Rowe, an American writer who was living in Paris.
By August 1962, they sent the completed script to Burbank, where it was returned as "rejected" by an unknown executive at the Disney studios. Nevertheless, Tytle brought the script to Walt staying at the Connaught in London. Disney approved for the draft, but recommended additional cuts which were made by February 1963. Before filming was to commence Paris, Rowe wrote a letter to Disney addressing his displeasure of the script revisions, in which Tytle responded to Rowe that the changes Walt approved of would be kept. However, by summer 1963, the project was shelved, where Tytle, in a discussion with Walt, recommended to produce The Aristocats as an animated feature. For that reason, Walt temporarily shelved the project as the animation department was occupied with The Jungle Book. Meanwhile, director Wolfgang Reitherman learned of the project and suggested it as a follow-up project to Jungle Book. Because of the production delays, Tytle was advised to centralize his efforts on live action projects and was replaced by Winston Hibler.
In 1966, Disney assigned Ken Anderson to determine whether Aristocats would be suitable for an animated feature. With occasional guidance from Reitherman, Anderson worked from scratch and simplified the two stories into a story that focused more on the cats. Walt saw the preliminary sketches and approved the project shortly before his death. After The Jungle Book was completed, Walt and his team began work on Aristocats, which was still on after Walt's death. Hibler was eventually replaced by Reitherman, who would abandon the more emotional story of Duchess's obsession to find adopters befitting of her kittens' talents initially favored by Walt suggesting instead the film be conceived as an adventure comedy in the vein of One Hundred and One Dalmatians. Furthermore, the character Elvira, the maid, who was intended to be voiced by Elsa Lanchester, was removed from the story placing Edgar as the central antagonist in order to better simplify the storyline.
=== Casting ===
As with The Jungle Book, the characters were patterned on the personalities of the voice actors. In 1966, Walt Disney contacted Phil Harris to improvise the script, and shortly after, he was cast to voice Thomas O'Malley. To differentiate the character from Baloo, Reitherman noted O'Malley was "more based on Clark Gable than Wallace Beery, who was partly the model for Baloo." Reitherman furthermore cast Eva Gabor as Duchess, remarking she had "the freshest femme voice we've ever had", and Sterling Holloway as Roquefort. Louis Armstrong was initially reported to voice Scat Cat, but he backed out of the project in 1969 for unknown reasons. Out of desperation, Scatman Crothers was hired to voice the character under the direction to imitate Armstrong. Pat Buttram and George Lindsey were cast as the farm dogs, which proved so popular with the filmmakers that another scene was included to have the dogs when Edgar returns to the farm to retrieve his displaced hat and umbrella. Dal McKennon was considered to voice Roquefort, but he declined.
=== Animation ===
Ken Anderson spent eighteen months developing the design of the characters. Five of Disney's legendary "Nine Old Men" worked on it, including the Disney crew that had been working 25 years on average.
== Cast ==
* Roddy Maude-Roxby as Edgar Balthazar
* Hermione Baddeley as Madame Adelaide Bonfamille
* Eva Gabor as Duchess
* Liz English as Marie
* Dean Clark as Berlioz
* Gary Dubin as Toulouse
* Nancy Kulp as Frou-Frou
* Charles Lane as Georges Hautecourt
* Sterling Holloway as Roquefort
* Pat Buttram and George Lindsey as Napoleon and Lafayette
* Phil Harris as Thomas O'Malley
* Monica Evans and Carole Shelley as Abigail Gabble and Amelia Gabble
* Bill Thompson as Uncle Waldo
* Scatman Crothers as Scat Cat
* Lord Tim Hudson as Hit Cat
* Paul Winchell as Shun Gon
* Vito Scotti as Peppo
* Thurl Ravenscroft as Billy Boss
* Peter Renaday as French Milkman/Le Petit Cafe Cook/Truck Movers (uncredited)
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* Phil Harris as Thomas O'Malley (full name: Abraham de Lacy Giuseppe Casey Thomas O'Malley the Alley Cat) – the male protagonist. He is a friendly alley cat who finds Duchess and her kittens stranded in the woods and befriends them, becoming a father figure to the kittens and falling in love with Duchess.
* Eva Gabor as Duchess the White Cat – the female protagonist. She is Madame Adelaide's cat and mother of three kittens. She falls in love with Thomas and is forced to choose her life at home or a life with Thomas. Robie Lester provided her uncredited singing voice.
* Roddy Maude-Roxby as Edgar Balthazar – Madame Adelaide's butler and the main antagonist of the film. He hopes to get rid of the cats in order to inherit Adelaide's fortune.
* Gary Dubin as Toulouse – the oldest kitten, he aspires to meet a tough alley cat and adores Thomas as a father figure. He acts very tough at times and often gets into Marie's and Berlioz's nerves.
* Liz English as Marie – the middle and only female kitten. Not only is she very bossy at times, but she also believes that by being female, she is the best of the three kittens. She, like Berlioz and Toulouse, grows to love Thomas like a father.
* Dean Clark as Berlioz – the youngest kitten. He is somewhat timid and shy. Like Toulouse and Marie, he grows to love Thomas like a father.
* Sterling Holloway as Roquefort the Mouse – a friend of the cats. He attempts to find them after they are catnapped but is unsuccessful.
* Scatman Crothers as Scat Cat – Thomas' best friend and leader of a group of music-loving alley cats. Plays the trumpet.
* Paul Winchell as Shun Gon the Chinese (Siamese) Cat – a member of Scat Cat's gang. Plays the piano and drums that are made out of pots.
* Lord Tim Hudson as Hit Cat the English Cat – a member of Scat Cat's gang. Plays acoustic guitar.
* Vito Scotti as Peppo the Italian Cat – a member of Scat Cat's gang. Plays the accordion.
* Thurl Ravenscroft as Billy Boss the Russian Cat – a member of Scat Cat's gang. Plays cello bass guitar.
* Pat Buttram as Napoleon the Bloodhound – a farm dog who attacks Edgar when he intrudes on the farm, unknowingly saving the lives of Duchess and her kittens. Napoleon insists, whenever cohort Lafayette makes a suggestion, that he is in charge – then proceeds to adopt Lafayette's suggestion as his own.
* George Lindsey as Lafayette the Basset Hound – a farm dog and Napoleon's companion. He sometimes proves to be smarter than Napoleon, despite Napoleon staunchly insisting that he is the leader of the farm dogs.
* Hermione Baddeley as Madame Adelaide Bonfamille – a former opera singer and owner of Duchess and her kittens.
* Charles Lane as Georges Hautcourt the Lawyer – a senile old man who denies his old age and even refuses to accept Edgar's offer of using the elevator instead of the long staircase, resulting in brief chaos.
* Nancy Kulp as Frou Frou the Horse – Roquefort's companion and who plays a part in subduing Edgar. Ruth Buzzi provided her uncredited singing voice.
* Monica Evans and Carole Shelley as Abigail and Amelia Gabble – twins, geese who find the cats and try to help them get home.
* Bill Thompson as Uncle Waldo – the drunk uncle of Amelia and Abigail.
=== Uncredited ===
* Peter Renaday as French Milkman/Le Petit Cafe Cook/Truck Movers
== Goofs ==
* When the Alley Cats fight Edgar, Roquefort orders everyone to be quiet while he works on cracking the padlock. Even Edgar stops. This is strange since Madame Adelaide Bonfamille and the other humans can't understand animals. It's especially strange since Edgar can't understand his horse.
* In a few scenes, Roquefort has five fingers instead of four.
* After Edgar is kicked into the box that he was planning to use to send the cats to Timbuktu, it is shown with the padlock once again locked and sealed on the front, despite the fact that Roquefort had removed the padlock and there had been no time for anyone to put it back on before it was kicked outside.
* In the scene where Edgar is ironing his clothes, he is seen wearing a pair of red-and-white striped boxer shorts. However, since this movie is set in 1910, boxer shorts weren't really invented until 1925 (15 years later).
* While Roquefort reports to Scat Cat and the gang that O'Malley, Duchess, and the kittens are in trouble, Peppo (the Italian Cat) changes two different locations too quickly.
* Edgar refers to the money that he would inherit as "dollars" and the American dollar sign flashes in his eyes; however, the film takes place in France.
* When Marie, Berlioz, and Toulouse race each other to their little cat door, they fight over who will go first through the door. When Marie mentions that she's a lady and should go first, it can be seen through the door that it is nighttime. After Toulouse comments she's not a lady, and Berlioz pulling her tail saying she's nothing but a sister, it is once again daytime as seen through the door.
* Throughout the film, Hit Cat (guitar) and Billy Boss (bass) play their instruments left and right-handed.
* The basket with Duchess and her kittens Marie, Berlioz, and Toulouse falls out from the motorcycle, rolling down the hill while the dogs Napoleon and Lafayette are chasing Edgar, the cats aren't seen falling out from the basket themselves when it does, and it doesn't land under the bridge when the chase is going on, but after the fight ends with Edgar driving away and the rainstorm approaching, the basket is suddenly under the bridge, and Duchess sleeping in the tall grass.
* Berlioz rides on Frou-Frou's head during the carriage ride, but when they all get home, he thanks her for riding on her back, but he never rode on her back, he rode on her head, so he should've meant to thank her for riding on her head.
* When the kittens play their train game on the train tracks, they line up in a straight line, Toulouse is the leader in the game Berlioz is the passenger, they all line up together and she lines up standing behind Berlioz in the game. Toulouse says that Marie is the caboose which makes her not so interested and she's suddenly seen standing behind Toulouse in line, as Berlioz briefly disappears in the shot, but as their playing and walking along the train tracks, she's behind Berlioz again.
* When Thomas O'Malley is singing to Duchess, in one shot her collar is completely blue.
== Release and reception ==
: Main article: The Aristocats (video)
The Aristocats premiered on December 11, 1970 and released in theaters on December 24 that same year. The film was then re-released to theaters on December 19, 1980, and April 10, 1987. Overall, The Aristocats made over $55 million on a budget of $4 million, making it a box office success.
Based on 33 reviews, the film has a 64% rating at Rotten Tomatoes with an average rating of 5.9/10 "fresh", relatively low for a Disney animated feature, with a consensus of "Though The Aristocats is mostly a middling effort for Disney, it is redeemed by terrific work from its voice cast and some jazzy tunes." Of the reviews, 19 gave it "fresh" and 10 gave it "rotten".
The film was nominated for AFI's 10 Top 10 in the "Animation" genre.
It was first released on VHS in the UK in 1995. It was first released on VHS in North America in the Masterpiece Collection series on April 24, 1996, and DVD on April 4, 2000, in the Gold Classic Collection line. The Aristocats had its Gold Collection disc quietly discontinued in 2006. A new single-disc Special Edition DVD (previously announced as a 2-Disc set) was released on February 5, 2008, with the original matted aspect ratio of 1.75:1. The film debuted on Blu-ray on August 7, 2012, this time with a 1.66:1 transfer.
== Soundtrack ==
# "The Aristocats" - Maurice Chevalier "The Aristocats" is the title song from the film. It was written by Robert and Richard Sherman at the end of the eight-year tenure working for Walt Disney Productions. Actor and singer Maurice Chevalier came out of retirement to sing this song for the motion picture's soundtrack. He recorded it in English as well as in French translation ("Naturellement - les Aristocats!"). It would be his last work before his death in 1972.
# "Scales and Arpeggios" - Liz English, Gary Dubin, Dean Clark, Robie Lester
# "Thomas O'Malley Cat (song)" - Phil Harris
# "Everybody Wants to Be a Cat" - Phil Harris, Scatman Crothers, Thurl Ravenscroft, Vito Scotti, Paul Winchell This song is sung by Scatman Crothers as Scat Cat, Phil Harris as Thomas O'Malley Cat, and Thurl Ravenscroft as Billy Boss the Russian Cat. It was also released as a now rare 45 rpm single, in a version sung only by Phil Harris, which lacks the cartoon voices of the common release. The soundtrack CD released in 1996 contains an edited version of the song. The lines sung by "Chinese Cat" voiced by Paul Winchell, now seen as politically incorrect, are removed.
# "She Never Felt Alone" - Robie Lester
# "Ev'rybody Wants to Be a Cat (reprise)" - Phil Harris, Scatman Crothers, Thurl Ravenscroft, Vito Scotti, Paul Winchell, Ruth Buzzi, Bill Thompson
On Classic Disney: 60 Years of Musical Magic, this includes "Thomas O'Malley Cat" on the purple disc and "Ev'rybody Wants to Be a Cat" on the orange disc. On Disney's Greatest Hits, this includes "Ev'rybody Wants to Be a Cat" on the red disc.
== Gallery ==
* See here
== Trivia ==
* The title "Aristocats" is a play on words, combining "aristocrats" and "cats".
* This is the last movie to end with "A Walt Disney Production", and the first of the Walt Disney Animated Classics to open with "Walt Disney Productions Presents". This would continue up until The Fox and the Hound in 1981.
* Robie Lester, who had done Duchess's singing voice in the film, would also later narrate the Read-Along version of the film.
* The Aristocats, more specifically "Everybody Wants to Be a Cat", was later briefly shown in the live-action remake of 101 Dalmatians, which the puppies ended up watching before switching to Homeward Bound: The Incredible Journey.
* A deleted scene shows that when the train comes on the bridge, the train derails, and with Marie nearly drowning.
* Scat Cat was originally written with Louie Armstrong in mind, with his original name being Satchmo Cat. Unfortunately, illness kept Armstrong from being able to play the character and the character was recast with Scatman Crothers and given the song "Everybody Wants to Be a Cat" replacing the one the Sherman Brothers wrote for Armstrong, "Le Jazz Hot".
* The car that Georges drives resembles a 1913 Mercer 35J Raceabout.
* Shun Gon the Siamese Cat has caused some controversy in recent years due to his appearance as a Chinese racial stereotype.
* The number of sleeping pills Edgar put in the milk for the cats would likely have killed them in real life.
* Marie, Berlioz, and Toulouse have an Uncle Antoine that only appears in the books, but not in the movie.
* Almost all the characters from this film appear in House of Mouse, except for Marie, Berlioz, and Toulouse.
* There are no end credits at the end of the movie, but there are opening credits at the start of the movie.
* Roquefort narrates the Disneyland Records adaptation of the film.
* In Disneyland Records, some of the main characters namely Roquefort, Napoleon and Lafayette, Abigail and Amelia Gabble are voiced by their original voice actors and voice actresses, but Duchess and her kittens are not.
* Toulouse was originally named "Dopey" (almost named after one of the dwarves from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs) seen on one of the early storyboards until his name was changed.
* Marie is named after Marie Antoinette, Berlioz is named after Hector Berlioz, Toulouse is named after Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec and the French city Toulouse.
* An upcoming book series revolving around the kittens Marie, Berlioz, and Toulouse, called The Aristokittens will be published starting in 2022.
* During the train scene, the whistle sound was originally used in the 1948 short film Desert Empire and it is in fact a Star Brass 5 chime whistle.
== External links ==
* The Aristocats on Wikipedia
* The Aristocats on The Aristocats Wiki
* The Aristocats on Disney Wiki
* The Aristocats on Disney.com
* The Aristocats on IMDb
Category:The 2D-Cartoon-Animated Movies
Category:The 2D-Cartoon-Animated Films