Anarchisme

Etymologia: Ex id hellen αναρχία ("aun ammer"). 
Definition: Id derivat anarchisme, nuden pejorative-ye unte id Franceois Revolution, vikyeust unte id XIXt secule un politic doctrine quod advoquet un organisation os societat ludhert ex ia statal dwineghs. 
 Caricature (1842) ab Friedrich Engels os Max Stirner (pseudonym os Johann Caspar Schmidt, 1806-1856), deutsch philosoph ed journaliste.
==Individualisme ed association==
Anarchisme ka doctrine wardht unte ia 1840-1860tias ambh rjienbwutsens kam iom deutscho Stirner, iom franceois Proudhon ed iom russian Bakunin. Skeipt neid homogene systeme ed existent mier divergences inter i autors, besontes dayir id economic organisation os societat; yed quanti samstehme de un total aunstehmen ios Stat ed de id naudh uns absolut lure quod hat adyuct id attributive libertar ei anarchiste men. Ob id taala'l souverain individu, al wahid "ego" bi Stirner (Der Einzige und sein Eigentum, 1844), derivet anarchisme ex id hegelsk philosophia. Punor, id leudher contracto quod seult id aunstat societat ed quod Proudhon exmehnt sub ia formes om federation ed mutualitat, comtyehct ex un theoria ios social contract, esdi tod leit witerom Rousseau. 
Te id economic nivell hesitent i anarchistes inter id leur association em lyter independent suter-productors (Proudhon) ed id collectivisme advoquen ab Bakunin. Fin-ye, anter senter bihsiet rallien ab iens theoretics ios second generation, iom italiano Malatesta (1853-1932) ed iom russian Kropotkin (1842-1921). In tod sense prehpt sem contradiction inter id affirmation ios primatia'l individu ed id realisation uns communisme, hatta sulen ep solidaritat. 
 Peurst Пётр Алексе́евич Кропо́ткин (1842-1921) buit un Russian revolutionar-anarchiste, savant geograph ed geomorpholog. Is pieursk de id tectonic structure om Sibiria ed Central Asia ed de id glehdjaiwo. Maschour historian, philosoph ed publiciste, is sul id anarcho-communisme ed buit oin im influentsten theoretics os anarchisme.
==Anarchisme face democratia ed socialisme==
Yant id XIXt secule hant i anarchistes akster-ye critiquet ia principes ios Franceois Revolution ed id representative democratia. Hant ayn id un dehlwrnt, el elector abdiend elso souverainitat ye id brungos uns wanaken oligarchia tun impont tun, per id Stat, ids wi autoritat. Advoquent yinjier abstehmia ed oppone ibs parlamentar mecanismes id naudh ios revolution, id emancipation ios popule esend preparet ab un education quod est id premier task im intellectuals. 
Hant sammel acceptet id critique os Capitalisme ab socialisme ed sam-ye recuset senter, besonters in ids marxiste version, vidend in id mahibest-on forme os etatisme, dar waurgwenter quem quo hamraht liberal capitalisme. 
Punor hant buwen syndicalisme sammel un instrument kay sbudes id popules politic consciences ed un organisationstructure ios proletariat pro id revolution. Pos id tentation os Terrorisme - quod kwit dwo senter decennia ios XIXt secule ed tyic raysen assassinats ed spectacular attentats -, anarcho-syndicalisme hat bihn, unte preter dwidel ios XXt secule, id magno forme os anarchiste politic action. Hat act un important rol in France - bariem tiel 1914 -, in Italia ed bilhassa in Espania, inkye Catalania, samt id staur National OrbatsConfederation (Espaniol : Confederaciòn Nacional del Trabajo), duct ab i militants ios Iberic Anarchiste Federation (FAI), tiel id 1936-1939 civil weir. 
 Antietatiste kwiter ex un heft (in catalan) ios Confederaciòn Nacional del Trabajo (CNT), confederal uniom om autonom syndicats os anarcho-syndicaliste ideologia in Espania. Sulen in Barcelona dien 1st November 1910, id CNT nasmyehrt nundiens id espaniol orbatermovment se basend-ye ep ia anarchiste principes om antiautoritarisme, anticapitalisme, antietatisme, internationalisme ed antimilitarisme, federalisme ed mutual imdadh, promovend-ye id total samstyren ios societat. 
==Id historic schaecheing os anarchisme==
Ex un practic vidpoint, id facit os anarchisme est teun : apart oik experiments os collectivisation in Espania, in-kap id civil weir, ia anarchiste idees buir pau probiret. Zaruri est sayge od hant coalisen contra se takriban ceter politic movments : unte id Espania Weir hieb i anarchistes nei ziyaner peinds quem i stalinskens communistens qui, quayque esend theoric-ye ir allieits face id franquiste fascisme, consecreer yando meis efforts ad extermine i quem ad katue protiev el commun duschman. 
Id druv schaecheingo ios anarchiste men wehst alyer. Combatend-ye levtro centralisme ed etatisme, insistend-ye id wirt al individu ed id importance os lure, id hat contribuen id emergence om nov idees ed id sehnd om principes id heritage iom Lumens hieb neglect au ignoret. Feminisme, pacifisme, politic ecologia ei deulge maung. In id kilvater iom studyent pamrlans iom 1960tias, hat influencet ia intellectual trends qua hant asadiht un levter opinion diu drught ab Sovietsk communisme. Esdi ia resultats buir nakis, id hat smyohrt id udnoven os syndicalisme introducend-ye nov themes, kam orbater samstyren. 
 Robert Nozick (1938-2002) buit un US philosoph qui xihsit id Joseph Pellegrino chair bei Universitat Harvard, ed buit President ios American Philosophical Association. Est besonters maschour de sien buks Philosophical explanations (1981), inclus-yod eys contrafactual theoria os gnohsa, ed Anarchy, State, and Utopia (1974), un libertarian response ei Theory of Justice (1971) os John Rawls, in-yod Nozick presentit also sien wi theoria de Utopia ka quer leuds poitte leur-ye chuses ia reuls ios societat quod entrent. Eys alya wehrgs implier ethique, decision theoria, philosophia os ment, Metaphysique ed epistemologia.
==Libertarisme = dexter anarchisme ?==
Unte sensto tridel ios XXt secule ed id continuation ios neoliberal mentrend, hat prohpt in ia Uniet Stats os America un anarcho-capitaliste movment sub id seuwen om R.Nozick ed M.Rothbard. Dastureihnd vetat ed aynd id leudher Mercato ka instrument os social management, advoquet id reduction ed hatta id disparition ios Stat. Hat emen id forme ios libertarian partise, quod keupt id complete aunxiseyeihsa os economia ed id suppression ios amdani impost. 
Id apparition tos dexter anarchisme deict od meis quem un politic movment proprio sensu, anarchisme est un keyf dastureihnd societat ka un summ om individual meinyuns quer ielganghen se assumpt ka unis majorat ed massoul person.