Volcano

A volcano was an opening in a planet's surface, usually mountainous, which allowed hot lava, ash and gases to escape from below the surface. The word was coined by Pompeiian Lobus Caecilius on witnessing Vesuvius' eruption in 79. He believed that the "great god Vulcan must [have been] so enraged" and described the eruption as "so volcanic" and that it was "like some sort of volcano". (TV: )
== Volcanoes on Earth ==
Earth at an early stage of its development had many active volcanoes which constantly erupted for millions of years, resulting in the formation of the planet's granite crust. This was observed by the Fourth Doctor, who found the process marvelous, and Sarah Jane Smith, who found it horrible. (AUDIO: )
The First Doctor, John and Gillian once visited a South Seas island and witnessed a volcanic eruption. (COMIC: )
On 24 August 79, the Roman city of Pompeii was destroyed in the eruption of the volcano Vesuvius. (AUDIO: , TV: ) The eruption was set off by the Tenth Doctor and his companion Donna Noble, destroying the Pyroviles and opening a rift in time for a second. The event was also a fixed point in time and could not be changed. (TV: )
In the 9th century, a Haemovore working with the Twelfth Doctor detonated a volcano on an island in the North Atlantic to destroy the Flood on Earth and avert Fenric's plot to replace the Haemovores with the Flood. (COMIC: )
The Year Without a Summer in 1816 was blamed on volcanic ash, however, the Thirteenth Doctor pondered whether it was really something else which caused it. (TV: )
In 1883, the Doctor witnessed the eruption of the volcano Krakatoa. (TV: , ) The explosion released at least one captive Xylok to the surface. (TV: )
In 1984, the Dominator Haag set up base in an Icelandic volcano and attempted to acquire Earth's core for his fleet, causing an increase in volcanic activity. UNIT soldiers investigated and turning his equipment against him, creating an explosion which destroyed the aliens and causing the volcano to erupt. (COMIC: )
In 2011, Professor Saurian attempted to raise the Earth's temperature by causing all the planet's volcanoes to erupt at once. The plan was stopped by the Eleventh Doctor, who limited the eruptions to the volcano containing Saurian's base. (COMIC: )
In 2018, Salamander triggered volcanic eruptions in Hungary as part of his plan to take control of Earth. (TV: )
In 2022, as part of the Master's Dalek Plan, the Daleks attempted to trigger several of Earth's volcanoes. When the volcanoes erupted, the Thirteenth Doctor used the cyber-conversion planet to transmute the lava into steel. (TV: )
On 27 February 2069, an undersea volcano which Stingray was investigating erupted, though the submarine was well clear of the danger zone. The pressure from the eruption caused a tidal wave on the Portuguese coast, and International Rescue subsequently attended to devastated coastal towns. (PROSE: )
In 2167, the Daleks' attempt to mine Earth's core resulted in a volcanic eruption in Bedfordshire. (TV: ) Human historians in the post-Time War universe believed that this eruption had destroyed the Dalek command saucer overseeing the invasion. (PROSE: )
== Volcanoes on other worlds ==
On Dulkis, the Dominators' attempt to turn the planet into starship fuel resulted in a volcanic eruption that threatened the Second Doctor's TARDIS. (TV: )
A massive volcano on Mars created the Olympus Mons crater. (PROSE: )
On Skaro, the invading Monstrons made their base inside an extinct volcano. A Dalek sacrificed its life to set off a volcanic eruption that destroyed the Monstrons. (COMIC: )
On one planet, a volcano served as the Extortioner's secret base. (COMIC: )
On Spiridon, the city that the Daleks used as a base was cooled by molten ice from the ice volcanoes. (TV: )
Planets with high levels of volcanic activity included Gehenna, (PROSE: ) Krop Tor, (TV: / ) Sarn (TV: ) and Tigus. (TV: )
An unknown incarnation of the Master ended the Monks' rule of a planet by throwing their "lynchpin", a young girl, into a volcano. As Missy, she later told Bill Potts and the Twelfth Doctor of this when they asked about the Monks due to their rule over Earth. (TV: )
== Hallucination of a volcano ==
Clara Oswald, after entering a dream-like state with a mood patch, believed that she visited a volcano to destroy the TARDIS keys in lava to blackmail the Twelfth Doctor into saving Danny Pink's life. (TV: )
== References ==
When teleported into Big Brother, the Ninth Doctor baited the system to disintegrate him. When it did not, the Doctor triumphantly noted that if his abductor had been trying to kill him, they could have just dumped him into a volcano. (TV: ) When he found himself teleported to Mira, the Tenth Doctor made the same comparison. (AUDIO: )
 
Category:Geologic features from the real world