Bantha

Banthas were a species of large, hairy mammals with sharp, spiraling horns. They inhabited the desert planet Tatooine, though they were bred on many worlds throughout the galaxy. They were social herd animals, and were often domesticated, and used prominently, by Tusken Raiders as mounts and companionship—though they never killed them for their food or hide. However, banthas were utilized by many other species for products such as bantha steak, butter, clothes, or furniture.
==Biology and appearance==
Banthas were large, quadrupedal mammals that averaged in height 2 to 2.5 meters. An adult's average weight was 4,000 kilograms, and they had extensive shaggy fur, which was brown or black in color. Both females and males of the species had a pair of spiraling horns that extruded from their skull and grew at a knob a year.Star Wars Character Encyclopedia: Updated and Expanded For this reason, the age of banthas could be inferred from how curly their horns were. Banthas possessed a wide mouth, bright, inquisitive eyes, and a large tail which dragged on the ground as they walked. They had wide, flat feet with four digits. Female banthas produced blue milk.
==Behavior==
All banthas were peaceful omnivores and lived in herds. However, they were able to consume meat, such as when the former bounty hunter Boba Fett fed the cooked remains of a scurrier to his bantha. Banthas and Tusken Raiders shared a great affinity for each other, to the extent that it was almost impossible to discuss one species without bringing up the other, in large part because of the respect and trust that developed between an individual Tusken and their individual bantha steed.
==History==
Banthas were easily domesticated, and were bred on many worlds throughout the galaxy. They were widely used as mounts. Their milk, which was distinctively blue, was drunk plain as well as being used in yogurt, ice cream, and butter. Their meat was used for dried jerky, steak, and burgers, and their dung was used as a fuel. Bantha-blood fizz was a sparkling drink made from purified bantha blood. Bantha hide could be mashed with grains to make Ardees, also known as Jawa juice. Their hide was also tanned and turned into clothes or furniture. Young banthas were known as calves.Servants of the Empire: Imperial Justice
The Tusken Raiders of Tatooine tamed and domesticated banthas, and they shared a close, almost mystical bond. Every boy had a male bantha and every girl had a female one. When Sand People married, their banthas also mated, and, should its rider die, their bantha usually perished shortly after. If a bantha died before its rider, its remains were placed in a large graveyard, which was treated with great respect by Tuskens and other banthas. Tuskens never harmed or ate banthas, though they rode the creatures into battle,Aftermath: Empire's End and fed them to krayt dragons, in order to protect their settlements and make the dragons sleep longer. Tusken raiders were known to ride their banthas in single file to leave few tracks in order to conceal their numbers. Sand People were also known to occasionally bathe banthas, and using Gaderffii sticks to brush their teeth. In Tusken, the B'Thazoshe Bridge was named after banthas; "B'Thazoshe" translated to "bantha horn turned to stone" in Basic.Star Wars: Complete Locations
The Kadas'sa'Nikto mechanic Neeku Vozo came from a long line of bantha herders.
The bantha shared its name with the foodstuff bantha-butter pancake.Pirate's Price
==Banthas in the galaxy==
A common sight on Tatooine, banthas could be found wild, wandering the vast expanse of the Tatooine desert, or domesticated, under the ownership of Tuskens or in cities such as Mos Espa. They shared their name with the white banthas of Nelvaan.
Banthas were the subject of several slang phrases and insults. "Bantha fodder" (or "bantha poodoo" in Huttese) was a phrase used as the equivalent of "worthless"; a person or thing deemed to have no value beyond something for a bantha to graze on, because of bantha food's unpleasant smell. "Not give two bantha ticks" (about something) meant to not care in the slightest (about something or someone),Poe Dameron: Flight Log "Son of a bantha" was an insult,Star Wars (2015) 5 and "A wild bantha chase" meant a futile errand.
In 20 BBY,Star Wars: Galactic Atlas an LAAT/i gunship featured customized nose art of a flying bantha dropping a pair of bombs. During the same year, the rebels of Onderon owned a hunter cart with a bantha skull.
During the Imperial Era, Obi-Wan Kenobi befriended a herd of banthas. Two were named Dolo and Nara, respectively.
By 5 ABY,Star Wars: Timelines dates the events of Aftermath: Life Debt to 5 ABY. Malakili, a former beastmaster for Jabba the Hutt, wore a lucky braid of bantha teeth and fur.Aftermath: Life Debt Later in the same year,Star Wars: Galactic Atlas places the Battle of Jakku in 5 ABY. Since the events in Aftermath: Empire's End occur prior, during and after the battle of Jakku, the novel can be dated to 5 ABY. former slave Cobb Vanth had enlisted the help of a group of Tusken Raiders to drive a criminal syndicate called the Red Key Raiders away from Tatooine. The Tuskens rode into battle atop banthas. One such bantha was particularly large. The animal had an eye scarred over, fur matted with filth, and wounds with open bones and rusted gears.
By 9 ABY, Boba Fett rode a bantha to multiple locations in the Dune Sea. Shortly before he attempted to recover his ship, Fett set the bantha free.
Later in that year, a leviathan krayt dragon devoured a bantha near Mos Pelgo. In order to handle the animal, Cobb Vanth made a deal with the Mandalorian Din Djarin, wherein Djarin would aid Vanth in killing the krayt in exchange for the lawman's set of Mandalorian armor. The pair later sought help from a group of Tusken Raiders. Having studied the dragon's digestive cycle for generations, the Tusken Raiders attempted make the dragon sleep longer, by feeding a bantha to it, but the animal devoured a Tusken instead.
Being out of ideas how to handle the dragon, the group joined forces with villagers from Mos Pelgo, and toghether they formulated a plan to kill the dragon, which involved coaxing it from its den toward a set of buried explosives, which were meant to destroy it from the underside. The plan ultimately failed, and Djarin was forced to improvise an alternative, making use of explosives that were strapped to a bantha, allowing himself and the bantha to be swallowed whole by the dragon. Using his jetpack to escape from the dragon's mouth, Djarin activated the explosives, finally killing the dragon, and the bantha in it.
==Behind the scenes==
The word 'bantha' or at least other words resembling the term, first appeared in The Star Wars: Rough Draft, where a Sith Lord was called—or had the call sign—"Banta Four." The Star Wars: First Draft, written in early 1974, introduced "Banta One" as a Rebel fighter during the attack on the Death Star. Banthas as a creature were first mentioned in the third draft of the film: Adventures of the Starkiller, Episode I: The Star Wars, dated August 1975, as "monstrous banthas" ridden by a group of savage desert nomads called the Tusken Raiders. Their attack on Luke after he spotted the beasts of burden, as happens in Star Wars: Episode IV A New Hope, was also included. Early concept art from Ralph McQuarrie imagined banthas to be played by horses, so the earliest imaginations of banthas are considerably smaller.
For banthas' first canon appearance in A New Hope, they were played by Mardji, a 22-year-old female Asian elephant. It took six crew members to make Mardji a costume that would fit her and that she would tolerate. The costume's base was a howdah, or elephant saddle, with added palm fronds to create the shaggy coat of a bantha. They then added a special head mask that was molded from chicken wire and then sprayed with foam to give it the correct shape. The dangling hairs on the underside of the bantha's mouth were made from horse hair and flexible home ventilation tubing was the base for the curving horns. While the weight of the mask for the costume was cause for concern, it was actually the shaggy tail that was made from wood and covered with thick thistles that took some getting used to for Mardji. Despite her training, Mardji's trunk would occasionally pop out of her costume, but the cast and crew, including George Lucas, liked Mardji too much to get impatient. To get the shot of the two banthas that Luke spots, they used an effect called optical compositing. The moan-like sounds that the banthas make were bear noises slowed down by sound designer Ben Burtt. They were given to him by documentary producer George Casey.
The bantha tied up outside the Chalmun's Spaceport Cantina exteriors filmed in Ajim, Djerba, Tunisia on April 2–3, 1976 was an over-sized prop for two crew members with rudimentary controls for movement. As he was wont to do, Mark Hamill asked and received permission from the prop crew to climb inside it with a small flashlight. The head was moved up and down with a crowbar handle held in both hands, and a way to swish the tail about. The interior surface was papier-mâché, including a complete newspaper review reportedly titled "David Bowie live in Paris" oriented sideways, which Hamill ended up reading in its entirety.
For banthas' later appearances in the 1997 Star Wars Special Edition, Star Wars: Episode I The Phantom Menace, and Star Wars: Episode II Attack of the Clones, they were entirely computer-generated. Based on how colored milk emerges in the real world, Star Wars Insider contributor Melissa T. Miller hypothesized that female Banthas produced blue milk because of their diet, theorizing that fields of blue wildflowers existed on Tatooine. Alternatively, Miller supposed that something in the refining process of blue milk could be responsible for the color.
==Appearances==
===Non-canon appearances===
*Phineas and Ferb: Star Wars
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*LEGO Star Wars Terrifying Tales 
*Ronin: A Visions Novel 
*LEGO Star Wars: The Skywalker Saga
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*LEGO Star Wars Summer Vacation 
==Sources==
===Non-canon sources===
*LEGO Star Wars: Build Your Own Adventure
==Notes and references==
==External links==
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Category:Creatures of Tatooine
Category:Desert creatures
Category:Domesticated creatures
Category:Herbivorous creatures
Category:Mammals
Category:Non-sentient species