List of dukes in the peerages of Britain and Ireland

This is a list of the 30 present dukes in the peerages of the Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Scotland, Kingdom of Great Britain, Kingdom of Ireland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 1927 and after. For a more complete historical listing, including extinct, dormant, abeyant, forfeit dukedoms in addition to these extant ones, see List of dukedoms in the peerages of Britain and Ireland.
==History==
In the Peerage of England, the title of duke was created 74 times (using 40 different titles: the rest were recreations). Three times a woman was created a duchess in her own right; Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland, chief mistress of Charles II of England, Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch, wife of Charles II's eldest illegitimate son, the Duke of Monmouth, and Cecilia Underwood, Duchess of Inverness, wife of Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex, whose marriage was in contravention of the Royal Marriages Act 1772 and therefore she was not allowed to share her husband's rank. In addition, the Dukedom of Marlborough was once inherited by a woman, the 2nd Duchess of Marlborough, through a special remainder, as happened to the Dukedom of Hamilton when it was inherited by Anne Hamilton, 3rd Duchess of Hamilton and also the royal Dukedom of Fife, which was created for the Earl Fife by Queen Victoria, on the occasion of his marriage to Louise, Princess Royal, eldest daughter of the future King Edward VII. A second dukedom of Fife was created in 1900 that could pass through the female line, which was eventually inherited by Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife. Out of the 74 times, 37 titles are now extinct (including the two women's), 16 titles were forfeit or surrendered, 10 were merged with the Crown, and 11 are extant (see list below). The first, Cornwall, is a title that automatically goes to the heir apparent (if and only if he is also the eldest living son of the Sovereign). One of the duchies that was merged into the Crown, Lancaster, still provides income to the sovereign. All but three of the non-royal ducal titles which became extinct did so before the 20th century (the Duke of Leeds became extinct in 1964, the Duke of Newcastle in 1988, and the Duke of Portland in 1990). The last English dukedom to be forfeit became so in 1715. The last British dukedom to become extinct was the title of Duke of Portland in 1990.
The oldest six titles – created between 1337 and 1386 – were Duke of Cornwall (1337), Duke of Lancaster (1351), Duke of Clarence (1362), Duke of York (1385), Duke of Gloucester (1385), and Duke of Ireland (1386). The Duke of Ireland was a title used for only two years and is somewhat confusing since only a small portion of Ireland was really under the control of England in 1386; it is not to be confused with the dukedoms of the Peerage of Ireland. Clarence has not been used since 1478, when George (the brother of Edward IV) was executed for treason. (However Clarence has since been used as half of a double title, most recently until 1892 when Victoria's grandson (and son of the Prince of Wales), the Duke of Clarence and Avondale, died at the age of 28). The titles of Duke of York and the Duke of Gloucester have both become extinct more than once and been re-created as titles within the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Both titles are reserved for princes (and their descendants). The Duke of Lancaster has merged with the Crown and so is held by the monarch.
 
Besides the dukedoms of Cornwall and Lancaster, the oldest extant title is that of Duke of Norfolk, dating from 1483 (the title was first created in 1397). The Duke of Norfolk is considered the premier duke of England. The premier duke of Scotland is the Duke of Hamilton and Brandon. The premier duke of Ireland is the Duke of Leinster.
==Order of precedence==
The general order of precedence among dukes is:
#Dukes in the Peerage of England, in order of creation
#Dukes in the Peerage of Scotland, in order of creation
#Dukes in the Peerage of Great Britain, in order of creation
#Dukes in the Peerage of Ireland created before 1801, in order of creation
#Dukes in the Peerage of the United Kingdom and dukes in the Peerage of Ireland created after 1801, in order of creation
Whilst the general order of precedence is set according to the age of the peerage, the sovereign's Grace may accord any peer higher precedence than his date of creation would warrant. The royal dukes are dukes of the United Kingdom, but rank higher in the order of precedence than the age of their titles warrants, due to their close relationship to the monarch. The Duke of Cornwall holds precedence above all dukes, royal and non-royal, and is the Duke of Rothesay, and of Cambridge.
==Dukes in the peerages of Britain and Ireland==
# 	Title 	Creation 	Arms	Current holder 	Age	Acceded	Peerage 	Notes
1. 	Duke of Cornwall 	1337 As the eldest son of the Sovereign, the Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay ranks higher in precedence than he would by virtue of the seniority of his dukedoms alone.	 	Prince William, 25th Duke of Cornwall 	 	2022 	England 	Also Duke of Rothesay in the Peerage of Scotland 1398 and Duke of Cambridge in the Peerage of the United Kingdom 2011 – see below
2. 	Duke of Norfolk 	1483 	 	Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk 	 	2002 	England 	Hereditary Earl Marshal of England, responsible for royal ceremony.
3. 	Duke of Somerset 	1547 	 	John Seymour, 19th Duke of Somerset 	 	1984 	England 	 
4. 	Duke of Richmond 	1675 	 	Charles Gordon-Lennox, 11th Duke of Richmond 	 	2017 	England 	Also Duke of Lennox in the Peerage of Scotland (1675) – see below
5. 	Duke of Grafton 	1675 	 	Henry FitzRoy, 12th Duke of Grafton 	 	2011 	England 	 
6. 	Duke of Beaufort 	1682 	 	Henry Somerset, 12th Duke of Beaufort 	 	2017 	England 	 
7. 	Duke of St Albans 	1684 	 	Murray Beauclerk, 14th Duke of St Albans 	 	1988 	England 	 
8. 	Duke of Bedford 	1694 	 	Andrew Russell, 15th Duke of Bedford 	 	2003 	England 	 
9. 	Duke of Devonshire 	1694 	 	Peregrine Cavendish, 12th Duke of Devonshire 	 	2004 	England 	 
10.	Duke of Marlborough 	1702 	 	James Spencer-Churchill, 12th Duke of Marlborough	 	2014 	England 	 
11.	Duke of Rutland 	1703 	 	David Manners, 11th Duke of Rutland 	 	1999 	England 	 
— 	Duke of Rothesay 	1398 	 	Prince William, 24th Duke of Rothesay 	 	2022 	Scotland 	Also Duke of Cornwall in the Peerage of England (1337) – see above
12.	Duke of Hamilton 	1643 	 	Alexander Douglas-Hamilton, 16th Duke of Hamilton	 	2010 	Scotland 	Also Duke of Brandon in the Peerage of Great Britain (1711) – see below
13.	Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry	1663 / 1684 	 	Richard Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch 	 	2007 	Scotland 	 
— 	Duke of Lennox 	1675 	 	Charles Gordon-Lennox, 11th Duke of Lennox 	 	2017 	Scotland 	Also Duke of Richmond in the Peerage of England (1675) – see above
14.	Duke of Argyll 	1701 	 	Torquhil Campbell, 13th Duke of Argyll 	 	2001 	Scotland 	Also Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1892) – see below
15.	Duke of Atholl 	1703 	 	Bruce Murray, 12th Duke of Atholl 	 	2012 	Scotland 	 
16.	Duke of Montrose 	1707 	 	James Graham, 8th Duke of Montrose 	 	1992 	Scotland 	 
17.	Duke of Roxburghe 	1707 	 	Charles Innes-Ker, 11th Duke of Roxburghe 	 	2019 	Scotland 	 
— 	Duke of Brandon 	1711 	 	Alexander Douglas-Hamilton, 13th Duke of Brandon 	 	2010 	Great Britain 	Also Duke of Hamilton in the Peerage of Scotland (1643) – see above
18.	Duke of Manchester 	1719 	 	Alexander Montagu, 13th Duke of Manchester 	 	2002 	Great Britain 	 
19.	Duke of Northumberland 	1766 	 	Ralph Percy, 12th Duke of Northumberland 	 	1995 	Great Britain 	 
20.	Duke of Leinster 	1766 	 	Maurice FitzGerald, 9th Duke of Leinster 	 	2004 	Ireland 	 
21.	Duke of Wellington 	1814 	 	Charles Wellesley, 9th Duke of Wellington 	 	2014 	United Kingdom	 
22.	Duke of Sutherland 	1833 	 	Francis Egerton, 7th Duke of Sutherland 	 	2000 	United Kingdom	 
23.	Duke of Abercorn 	1868 The Dukedom of Abercorn was created after the Acts of Union 1800. It takes precedence after earlier Dukedoms of the United Kingdom. 	 	James Hamilton, 5th Duke of Abercorn 	 	1979 	Ireland 	 
24.	Duke of Westminster 	1874 	 	Hugh Grosvenor, 7th Duke of Westminster 	 	2016 	United Kingdom	 
— 	Duke of Gordon 	1876 	 	Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Gordon 	 	2017 	United Kingdom	Also Duke of Richmond in the Peerage of England (1675) and Duke of Lennox in the Peerage of Scotland (1675) - see above
— 	Duke of Argyll 	1892 	 	Torquhil Campbell, 6th Duke of Argyll 	 	2001 	United Kingdom	Also Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of Scotland (1701) – see above
25.	Duke of Fife 	1900 	 	David Carnegie, 4th Duke of Fife 	 	2015 	United Kingdom	 
26.	Duke of Gloucester 	1928 	 	Prince Richard, 2nd Duke of Gloucester 	 	1974 	United Kingdom	 
27.	Duke of Kent 	1934 	 	Prince Edward, 2nd Duke of Kent 	 	1942 	United Kingdom	 
28.	Duke of York 	1986 	 	Prince Andrew, 1st Duke of York 	 	1986 	United Kingdom	 
— 	Duke of Cambridge 	2011 	 	Prince William, 1st Duke of Cambridge 	 	2011 	United Kingdom	Also Duke of Rothesay in the Peerage of Scotland (1398) and Duke of Cornwall in the Peerage of England (1337) – see above.
29.	Duke of Sussex 	2018 As members of the Royal Family, these dukes rank higher in precedence than they would by virtue of the seniority of their dukedoms alone. 	 	Prince Harry, 1st Duke of Sussex 	 	2018 	United Kingdom	 
30.	Duke of Edinburgh 	2023 	 	Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh 	 	2023 	United Kingdom	Life peerage
==List of heirs of dukes in the peerages of the British Isles==
===Heirs apparent===
Heir 	Dukedom 	Relationship 	Notes
Royal dukedoms 	Royal dukedoms 	Royal dukedoms 	Royal dukedoms
Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster 	Gloucester 	Only son (b 1974) 	
George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews 	Kent 	Eldest son (b 1962) 	
Prince George of Wales 	Cambridge 	Eldest son (b 2013) 	Not styled Earl of Strathearn
Prince Archie of Sussex 	Sussex 	Only son (b 2019) 	Not styled Earl of Dumbarton
Peerage of England 	Peerage of England 	Peerage of England 	Peerage of England
Henry Fitzalan-Howard, Earl of Arundel 	Norfolk 	Eldest son (b 1987) 	
Sebastian, Lord Seymour 	Somerset 	Eldest son (b 1982) 	
Charles Gordon-Lennox, Earl of March and Kinrara 	Richmond 	Eldest son (b 1994) 	
Alfred FitzRoy, Earl of Euston 	Grafton 	Eldest son (b 2012) 	
Henry FitzRoy Somerset, Marquess of Worcester 	Beaufort 	Eldest son (b 1989) 	
Charles Beauclerk, Earl of Burford 	St Albans 	Only son (b 1965) 	
Henry Russell, Marquess of Tavistock 	Bedford 	Only son (b 2005) 	
William Cavendish, Earl of Burlington 	Devonshire 	Only son (b 1969) 	Does not use Marquess of Hartington
George Spencer-Churchill, Marquess of Blandford 	Marlborough 	Eldest son (b 1992) 	
Charles Manners, Marquess of Granby 	Rutland 	Eldest son (b 1999) 	
Peerage of Scotland 	Peerage of Scotland 	Peerage of Scotland 	Peerage of Scotland
Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, Marquess of Douglas and Clydesdale	Hamilton 	Eldest son (b 2012) 	
Walter Scott, Earl of Dalkeith 	Buccleuch 	Eldest son (b 1984) 	
Charles Gordon-Lennox, Earl of March and Kinrara 	Lennox 	Eldest son (b 1994) 	See Duke of Richmond
Walter Scott, Earl of Dalkeith 	Queensberry 	Eldest son (b 1984) 	See Duke of Buccleuch
Archibald Campbell, Marquess of Lorne 	Argyll 	Eldest son (b 2004) 	
Michael Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine 	Atholl 	Eldest son (b 1985) 	
James Graham, Marquess of Graham 	Montrose 	Eldest son (b 1973) 	
Frederick Innes-Ker, Marquess of Bowmont and Cessford 	Roxburghe 	Only son (b 2024) 	
Peerage of Great Britain 	Peerage of Great Britain 	Peerage of Great Britain 	Peerage of Great Britain
Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, Marquess of Douglas and Clydesdale	Brandon 	Eldest son (b 2012) 	See Duke of Hamilton
George Percy, Earl Percy 	Northumberland 	Eldest son (b 1984) 	
Peerage of the United Kingdom 	Peerage of the United Kingdom	Peerage of the United Kingdom	Peerage of the United Kingdom
Arthur Wellesley, Earl of Mornington 	Wellington 	Eldest son (b 1978) 	Does not use Marquess of Douro
James Granville Egerton, Marquess of Stafford 	Sutherland 	Eldest son (b 1975) 	
James Hamilton Marquess of Hamilton 	Abercorn 	Eldest son (b 1969) 	
Charles Gordon-Lennox, Earl of March and Kinrara 	Gordon 	Eldest son (b 1994) 	See Duke of Richmond
Charles Duff Carnegie, Earl of Southesk 	Fife 	Eldest son (b 1989) 	
===Heirs presumptive===
Heir 	Dukedom 	Relationship 	Notes 	
Peerage of Great Britain	Peerage of Great Britain	Peerage of Great Britain	Peerage of Great Britain	Peerage of Great Britain
Lord Kimble Montagu 	Manchester 	Younger brother 	Title disputed 	
Peerage of Ireland 	Peerage of Ireland 	Peerage of Ireland 	Peerage of Ireland 	Peerage of Ireland
Edward FitzGerald 	Leinster 	Nephew 	 	
===Dukes without heirs===
Duke 	Notes
Royal dukedoms 	Royal dukedoms
Duke of York 	Currently divorced with issue but no sons
Duke of Edinburgh 	Dukedom granted for life only
Peerage of the United Kingdom	Peerage of the United Kingdom
Duke of Westminster 	Engaged The Earl of Wilton is the heir presumptive to his Marquessate of Westminster.
==See also==
*British nobility
*Dukes in the United Kingdom
*List of dukedoms in the peerages of Britain and Ireland
*Royal dukedoms in the United Kingdom
* Duchies in England
* Category:Coats_of_Arms_of_UK_Dukes
==Notes==
==References==
== Sources ==
* Burke′s Peerage and Gentry
Category:Dukedoms in the Peerage of Ireland
Dukes
Category:Lists of dukes in Great Britain
Dukes
Dukes